12 ON THE COVER: When a fledgling rubber company in Akron, Ohio, first molded the word Goodyear into a tire in 1898, it represented the pride of 13 people who had created the business just a few months before. Today, 114 years later, the company’s 69,000 associates feel the same pride when they see the Goodyear brand on a tire’s sidewall, on a storefront, on a cap in the winner’s circle or on the side of one of the company’s famous airships. They know that for customers around the world, the word Goodyear represents the highest quality, most innovative tires available. Goodyear is one of the world’s leading tire companies, with operations in most regions of the world. Together with its U.S. and international subsidiaries and joint ventures, Goodyear develops, manufactures, markets and distributes tires for most applications. It also manufactures and markets rubber-related chemicals for various applications. Goodyear is one of the world’s largest operators of commercial truck service and tire retreading centers. In addition, it operates approximately 1,400 tire and auto service center outlets where it offers its products for retail sale and provides automotive repair and other services. Goodyear manufactures its products in 52 facilities in 22 countries. It has marketing operations in almost every country around the world. THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY 200 Innovation Way | Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 | www.goodyear.com ©2013 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company S H A R E H O L D E R I N F O R M A T I O N CORPORATE OFFICES The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 200 Innovation Way Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 (330) 796-2121 www.goodyear.com GOODYEAR COMMON STOCK The principal market for Goodyear common stock is the NASDAQ Global Select Market (symbol GT). On February 20, 2013, there were 18,721 shareholders of record of Goodyear common stock. The closing price of Goodyear common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market tape on February 20, 2013, was $13.86. Under Goodyear’s primary credit facilities, we are permitted to pay dividends on Goodyear common stock as long as no default will have occurred and be continuing, additional indebtedness can be incurred under the credit facilities following the payment, and certain financial tests are satisfied. So long as any of Goodyear’s mandatory convertible preferred stock is outstanding, no dividend, except a dividend payable in shares of Goodyear common stock, or other shares ranking junior to the mandatory convertible preferred stock, may be paid or declared or any distribution be made on shares of Goodyear common stock unless all accrued and unpaid dividends on the then outstanding mandatory convertible preferred stock payable on all dividend payment dates occurring on or prior to the date of such action have been declared and paid or sufficient funds have been set aside for that payment. Goodyear has not declared any cash dividends on its common stock in the two most recent fiscal years. Please direct meeting inquiries to: Office of the Secretary, Dept. 822 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 200 Innovation Way Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 ANNUAL MEETING 4:30 p.m., Monday, April 15, 2013 Hilton Akron-Fairlawn 3180 W. Market Street Akron, Ohio 44333 SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES Transfer Agent and Registrar: Computershare Trust Company, N.A. P.O. Box 43078 Providence, RI 02940-3078 (800) 317-4445 www.computershare.com Inquiries concerning the issuance or transfer of stock certificates or share account information should be directed to Computershare. Provide Social Security number, account number and Goodyear’s ID, GTR. Hearing-impaired shareholders can communicate directly with Computershare via a TDD by calling (800) 952-9245. Other shareholder inquiries should be directed to: Investor Relations, Dept. 635 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 200 Innovation Way Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 (330) 796-3751 E-mail: goodyear.investor.relations@goodyear.com T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y FORM 10-K AND OTHER REPORTS Paper copies of Goodyear’s Annual Report on Form 10-K are available upon request. Quarterly reports on Form 10-Q are also available on request. Copies of any of the above or Goodyear’s Proxy Statement may be obtained without charge from: Investor Relations, Dept. 635 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 200 Innovation Way Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 (330) 796-3751 Copies of these reports may also be obtained from the company’s Investor Web site http://investor.goodyear.com. Goodyear has included as Exhibits 31.1, 31.2 and 32.1 to its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, certificates of Goodyear’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer with respect to the Form 10-K. CD COPY A CD copy of the 2012 Annual Report is available for visually impaired shareholders by contacting Goodyear Investor Relations at (330) 796-3751. INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 200 Public Square, 18th Floor Cleveland, Ohio 44114-2301 OTHER INFORMATION Persons seeking information about Goodyear’s corporate sustainability initiatives can access the company’s Sustainability Web site at: www.goodyear.com/sustainability. Persons seeking general information about Goodyear or its products can access the company’s Corporate Web site at: www.goodyear.com/corporate. Media representatives seeking information about Goodyear or contact information for spokespersons can access the company’s Media Web site at: www.goodyearnewsroom.com. A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 113 F I N A N C I A L O V E R V I E W (in millions, except per share and associates) Net Sales Total Segment Operating Income Goodyear Net Income Less Preferred Stock Dividends Goodyear Net Income Available to Common Shareholders – Per Diluted Share Weighted Average Shares Outstanding – Basic Weighted Average Shares Outstanding – Diluted Capital Expenditures Research and Development Expenditures Tire Units Sold Total Assets Total Debt* Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity Total Shareholders’ Equity Debt to Debt and Equity Number of Associates Price Range of Common Stock: – High – Low 2012 $ 20,992 $ 1,248 $ 212 29 $ 183 $ 0.74 $ 245 247 $ 1,127 370 $ 164.0 $ 16,973 5,086 $ 370 $ 625 $ 89.1% 69,000 $ $ 15.80 9.24 YEAR ENDED DEC. 31 2011 $ 22,767 $ 1,368 343 $ 22 $ 321 $ 1.26 $ 244 271 $ 1,043 369 $ 180.6 $ 17,629 $ 5,201 $ 749 $ 1,017 83.6% 73,000 $ 18.83 8.53 $ * Total debt includes Notes payable and overdrafts, Long term debt and capital leases due within one year, and Long term debt and capital leases. C O N T E N T S This Annual Report contains a number of forward-looking statements. For more information, please see pages 35-36. 2 6 35 36 38 46 103 104 105 107 110 111 112 113 To Our Shareholders Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Forward-Looking Information Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Consolidated Financial Statements Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Supplementary Data (unaudited) Selected Financial Data Performance Graph Board of Directors and Officers Facilities Shareholder Information T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 1 12 T O O U R S H A R E H O L D E R S , AS THE GLOBAL economy continued its long, slow recovery from the Great Recession, Goodyear continued to make measurable progress during 2012. We saw evidence that our brands are strong, our strategy is sound, and our execution keeps getting better. Certainly, we felt the impact of economic volatility in various ways. Industry volumes were close to the recessionary levels of three years ago, particularly in mature markets. Over the past year, the economy began to improve in the United States, lifting original equipment sales to automakers, but replacement volumes remained depressed. In Europe, economic weakness continued, and tire sales became increasingly weaker throughout the year. While Latin America and parts of Asia were stable, growth was not robust. That environment was the backdrop for both our successes and challenges over the past 12 months. Overall, our segment operating income for 2012 was more than $1.2 billion, marking the second year in a row—and only the third time in Goodyear’s history—that we have reached that level of performance. In addition, we delivered strong cash flow from operations for the year as a result of progress on our working capital initiatives. These positive results were driven by strong performance in three of our four businesses. In Asia-Pacific, segment operating income of $259 million for the year was a record. That was accomplished despite weakness in Australia—our largest business in the region. Offsetting this weakness was solid performance in the ASEAN countries and strong growth in China. We’re beginning to see the benefits of our strategic investments in China, which support our focus on premium segments where we continue to increase share. Our newest manufacturing plant, in Pulandian, became fully operational in 2012 and will help us better serve our consumer and commercial truck tire customers in this growing market. In Latin America, we delivered solid results that reflect a stabilizing business. Investments in our operations in Brazil are helping re-energize the business in our most important market in the region. In addition, our businesses in other countries in the region delivered historically strong results. 2 A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y The highlight of our 2012 performance came from our North Returning our North American business to American business with full-year earnings of $514 million, beating profitability is one of the key strategies on our our 2013 target of $450 million a year early. In addition, the business Strategy Roadmap. We delivered record results delivered a margin of 5.3 percent, marking the first time in more through disciplined delivery against the “Key than 10 years that North America has achieved that level. How-Tos.” Consider how far this business has come. Between 2008 and 2009, our North American business lost nearly a half-billion dollars, $305 million in 2009 alone. In 2012, we delivered record earnings, For example: • We focused on market-back innovation. By re-energizing our brands through the but more importantly, built the foundation of sustainable economic simplification and complete rejuvenation value creation, in line with our strategy. of our Assurance, Eagle and Wrangler product lines over the past four years, our product portfolio is among the best in the industry. These are tires that consumers want to buy and dealers want to sell. • We targeted profitable segments. By making informed choices on where to play, we identified those segments of the market that offered profitable volume growth and where our value proposition is a competitive advantage. Another illustration of winning in targeted segments was in the original equipment business. We executed our selectivity strategy rather than pursuing volume for volume’s sake. Today, Goodyear is not only on seven of the top ten selling vehicles in the United States, but also has a profitable OE business. • Finally, we made strides in operational excellence, becoming a better supplier for our customers while simultaneously reducing inventory and improving efficiency. Our North American supply chain is a clear competitive advantage, and going forward, will only continue to improve. R I C H A R D J . K R A M E R CHAIRMAN, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER & PRESIDENT T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 3 12 Recognizing these challenges and our overall outlook on Europe, we are taking actions now to rebuild our earnings power rather than waiting for the pace of growth in the region to accelerate. Our plan in Europe is focused in three areas: First, we must increase our share in profitable targeted market segments. In many of these segments—including ultra-high performance and run-flat, for example—Goodyear has traditionally Credit for executing our strategy goes to our enjoyed a competitive advantage because of technology leadership entire North American team. I am proud of our and innovation. We must continue to lead these segments, and progress in this business, whose turnaround is leverage this leadership in the newly implemented tire label ratings comparable to any in the auto industry. However, to further distinguish our winning products from the competition. we know that we are not running any of our Second, building upon our existing brand strength, we will businesses for one good year of earnings. Our increase our commitment to winning in growing markets such focus remains on taking the right steps to deliver as Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Growth in these regions results consistently over the long term. creates opportunity for both consumer and commercial truck tires, Even with the success in North America, supported by our leading brands and technology. our 2012 results were tempered by on-going Finally, we are committed to productivity improvements challenges in Europe. The impact of the throughout our operations in Europe through back-office European economic crisis on the automotive consolidation, increased factory utilization, and operational and tire industries will be felt for an extended excellence initiatives that will improve factory output, reduce period of time, and we see an environment waste, and improve the supply of premium tires to customers in where supply in many industries, including our targeted market segments. tires, will exceed demand. While this plan will unfold over a three-year time frame, we are Relative to our business, EMEA saw a confident in making steady progress. We are confident that this full-year volume decline of 16 percent. strategy will work, as it is similar to our successful improvement Consumer demand continued to be weak plan in North America. amid high unemployment and economic Another challenge we are addressing is the significant impact of uncertainty. As a result, sales decreased and record-low interest rates on our pension liability. As you know, this dealers continued to reduce their inventory. is an issue that many companies are facing. Despite the benefits of And weather in the region affected industry our cash contributions to our pension plans and the strong perform- demand for winter tires, a traditional strength ance of our portfolio last year, our unfunded liability has continued for Goodyear. to increase. We are taking action to proactively address the persistent risk posed by our unfunded pension obligations, just as we have addressed other challenges that threatened our long-term strategy. We feel very positive about the progress made in our North American, Latin American and Asia Pacific businesses in 2012 4 A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y and are confident in our ability to continue delivering improved profitability. The fundamentals of our business are strong and the MegaTrends shaping the tire industry play to our strengths. Our Strategy Roadmap is clear, and despite challenges in Europe, we are positioned to deliver positive results over the long term. As you read this letter, many of our associates will have recently moved into our new global headquarters, less than a mile away from our century-old Market Street location and next door to our Akron Innovation Center. Our new building is a state-of-the-art facility with advanced technology and resources that will enable our associates to work more effectively with their counterparts in Akron and around the world. Goodyear’s commitment to stay in Akron honors the legacy of our company and of the Rubber City, but at the same time, we’re not bound by that history. We are committing to an Akron and a Goodyear of the future. More importantly, our new headquarters is a commitment to our associates. It gives me tremendous pride that our associates are now working in a building that reflects our driving spirit of innovation. As meaningful as our new headquarters is to the city, county and state, it’s even more meaningful to our Goodyear associates. As I have always said, Goodyear’s greatest competitive advantage is our people. I continually see the pride our associates have in wearing the Goodyear name…the pride our dealers take in having a Goodyear sign on their stores…the pride our suppliers have in doing business with Goodyear. We never take that for granted and will continue to work hard, every day, to earn the pride you have in being part of our great company. Respectfully submitted, Richard J. Kramer CHAIRMAN, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER & PRESIDENT T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 5 MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. OVERVIEW The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of tires, with one of the most recognizable brand names in the world and operations in most regions of the world. We have a broad global footprint with 52 manufacturing facilities in 22 countries, including the United States. We operate our business through four operating segments representing our regional tire businesses: North American Tire; Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire; Latin American Tire; and Asia Pacific Tire. We continued to experience weak industry conditions in 2012 as the economic recovery in developed markets was impacted by uncertainty surrounding debt and other fiscal policy issues in Europe and the United States and continued high levels of unemployment, which had a negative impact on overall economic conditions and customer and consumer confidence. Our tire unit shipments in 2012 decreased 9.2% compared to 2011, primarily as a result of continued weakness in Europe. In addition, our raw material costs rose by approximately 7% in 2012 compared to 2011. In spite of the macroeconomic and industry-specific challenges we faced, we produced segment operating income greater than $1.2 billion for the second consecutive year, including record segment operating income of $514 million in North American Tire. Price and product mix drove an 8% improvement in revenue per tire, excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, in 2012 compared to 2011, reflecting our continued focus on innovative product offerings in targeted market segments. In 2012, we realized approximately $346 million of cost savings, bringing the total cost savings for 2010 to 2012 to approximately $1.1 billion and exceeding our $1.0 billion goal. We also completed the transition to our new manufacturing facility in Pulandian, China and realized continued improvements in working capital efficiency, measured as a percent of sales. In order to address the uncertain economic environment and the challenges described above, we remain focused on our key strategies: • Continue to focus on consumer-driven product development; • Take a selective approach to the market, targeting profitable segments where we have competitive advantages; • Improve our manufacturing efficiency and create an advantaged supply chain focused on optimizing inventory levels and further improving customer service; • Focus on cash flow to provide funding for investments in future growth; and • Build top talent and teams. To address continued economic weakness in Europe and the significant challenges that we face in EMEA, we have announced the exit of the farm tire business in EMEA and the closure of one of our Amiens, France manufacturing facilities, as well as a profit improvement plan over the next three years aimed at restoring the margins in EMEA to historical levels. The profit improvement plan aims to: • Target profitable segments where we have competitive advantages; • Accelerate our growth in emerging markets in the region; and • Achieve $75 million to $100 million of productivity improvements through back-office consolidation, improved manufacturing efficiency and supply chain improvements. In addition, in order to address our significant unfunded pension obligations, we have announced plans to fund our U.S. pension plans once frozen. See “Pension and Benefit Plans” for additional information. For the year ended December 31, 2012, Goodyear net income was $212 million, compared to Goodyear net income of $343 million in 2011, and Goodyear net income available to common shareholders was $183 million, compared to Goodyear net income available to common shareholders of $321 million in 2011. Our total segment operating income for 2012 was $1,248 million, compared to $1,368 million in 2011. The decrease in segment 6 operating income was due primarily to lower tire volume, including the effects of under-absorbed overhead on increased conversion costs, and an increase in raw material costs, partially offset by improved price and product mix. See “Results of Operations — Segment Information” for additional information. Net sales were $21.0 billion in 2012, compared to $22.8 billion in 2011. Net sales decreased due to lower tire volumes, unfavorable foreign currency translation, primarily in EMEA, and lower sales in other tire-related businesses, primarily sales of chemical products in North American Tire. These decreases were partially offset by improved price and product mix. Pension and Benefit Plans During 2012, our U.S. pension plans experienced actuarial losses from further decreases in discount rates and increases in estimated life expectancies, which increased plan obligations by $863 million. These losses more than offset the effect of actual returns on U.S. pension plan assets in 2012 that exceeded expected returns by $198 million. As a result, net actuarial losses included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (“AOCL”) increased by $665 million during 2012. Annual U.S. net periodic pension cost will decrease to approximately $175 million to $200 million in 2013 from $203 million in 2012, due primarily to expected returns on higher plan assets following 2012 contributions to U.S. pension plans of approximately $450 million. We have announced plans to accelerate funding of our U.S. pension plans once frozen and to reduce our exposure to future interest rate and equity market movements. We intend to finance the additional contributions by accessing the debt capital markets. As funded levels increase, we plan to shift our U.S. pension plan asset allocation to a portfolio of fixed income securities designed to offset the future impact of discount rate movements on the plans’ funded status. At December 31, 2012, our unfunded U.S. pension liability was approximately $2.7 billion, of which approximately $1.0 billion is attributable to U.S. pension plans that have been frozen, including our principal U.S. salaried pension plans, and approximately $1.7 billion is attributable to our other U.S. pension plans, including our principal U.S. hourly pension plans. If additional plans become frozen, we intend to accelerate funding and shift the asset allocation of those plans as well. As a result of this strategy, we expect to limit the growth of our unfunded U.S. pension liability, which in turn is expected to improve our operating cash flow and reduce the volatility of our earnings, liquidity needs and overall leverage, thereby allowing us to focus on our core business. Implementation of this strategy depends on, among other things, our ability to access the debt capital markets. There can be no assurance that we will be able to access those markets on terms that are acceptable to us or at all. As a precursor to the strategy described above, we have entered into short term hedging strategies to reduce our exposure to market movements during 2013. For further information on these short term hedging strategies, see “Critical Accounting Policies — Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits” and Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 16, Pension, Other Postretirement Benefits and Savings Plans. Liquidity At December 31, 2012, we had $2,281 million in Cash and Cash Equivalents as well as $2,949 million of unused availability under our various credit agreements, compared to $2,772 million and $2,544 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011. The decrease in cash and cash equivalents was driven by capital expenditures of $1,127 million, including expenditures for the continued expansion of our China and Chile manufacturing capacity, pension contributions and direct payments of $684 million and net debt repayments of $265 million. These decreases were partially offset by improvements in working capital of $457 million and net income of $237 million, which included non-cash depreciation and amortization of $687 million. We believe that our liquidity position is adequate to fund our operating and investing needs in 2013 and to provide us with flexibility to respond to further changes in the business environment. 7 New Products In 2012, we launched our new Goodyear Assurance CS TripleTred All-Season, Goodyear Eagle F1 Asymmetric All-Season, Goodyear Eagle F1 Asymmetric 2, Goodyear UltraGrip Winter and Dunlop Signature II tire lines in North American Tire. We also successfully launched three new tire and six new retread product lines in our commercial truck tire business, focusing on regional, mixed service, and long haul applications. At our North American Tire dealer conference in early 2013, we introduced several key products, most notably the Goodyear Eagle Sport All-Season and Goodyear Wrangler All-Terrain Adventure tire lines, and several new Dunlop branded tires including the Sport Maxx Race, Sport Maxx RT, SP Winter Sport 4D and the Winter Maxx. In EMEA, we launched the new Goodyear UltraGrip 8 Performance and Goodyear UltraGrip Ice Artic winter tires. For Dunlop, we also launched SportMaxx RT, which is an ultra-high performance summer tire, and Ice Touch, which is a winter studdable tire. We introduced the new Marathon Coach and UltraGrip Coach range of commercial Coach tires which are focused on addressing the specific segment needs of comfort, mileage and traction. We also launched our new trailer tire for mixed service applications, part of the Max Technology family. In Latin American Tire, we launched the Goodyear Eagle Excellence Aquamax—Ayrton Senna edition and Goodyear Assurance CS TripleTred All-Season tire. We also launched the Goodyear EfficientGrip SUV tire with QuietTred Technology and the Goodyear Eagle F1 Asymmetric 2 tire. For commercial, we launched CityMax, a new tire for city service applications that is designed to deliver improved treadwear performance. In Asia Pacific Tire, we launched the Goodyear EfficientGrip SUV tire. In addition, we successfully produced our first winter tire range, the Goodyear Ultra Grip Ice + for the northern Asia markets. In Australia, we launched the Dunlop Sport Maxx RT. We also launched new commercial vehicle 200 series steer and drive tires in China. These are Goodyear’s first commercial tires (for heavy-duty trucks and large buses) designed and manufactured specifically for the Chinese market. Outlook We continue to expect long-term growth in the global tire industry, but at a slower pace near-term due primarily to continued economic weakness in Europe. For the full year of 2013 in North America, we expect consumer replacement to be flat to up 2%, consumer original equipment to be up approximately 5%, and commercial replacement and original equipment to be flat. For the full year in Europe, we expect consumer replacement to be flat to up 2%, consumer original equipment to be down approximately 5%, commercial replacement to be up approximately 5%, and commercial original equipment to be flat to up 5%. We expect that our full-year tire unit volume for 2013 will reflect a low single digit percentage growth rate compared to 2012. For the full year of 2013, we expect our raw material costs will be lower than 2012 and expect to realize a net benefit from raw material costs and price and product mix. However, natural and synthetic rubber prices and other commodity prices have experienced significant volatility, and this estimate could change significantly based on fluctuations in the cost of these and other key raw materials. In order to mitigate some of the impact of raw material costs, we are continuing to focus on price and product mix, to substitute lower cost materials where possible and to work to identify additional substitution opportunities, to reduce the amount of material required in each tire, and to pursue alternative raw materials including innovative bio-based materials. However, during periods of rapidly rising raw material costs, we may not be able to fully offset those raw material cost increases through the use of these strategies, although we remain confident in our ability to do so over the longer term. We have announced the exit of the farm tire business in EMEA and the closure of one of our Amiens, France manufacturing facilities. These actions would eliminate approximately six million units of high-cost physical capacity, although we currently produce approximately 1.3 million tires per year at the Amiens, France manufacturing facility. These actions are expected to improve EMEA operating income by approximately $75 million annually, as compared to 2012 results, following the closure. As the required consultation process has just begun, we are not able to currently estimate the timing of plan completion. We do not expect to be significantly impacted by incremental unabsorbed fixed costs in 2013. We also expect cost savings to offset general inflation in 2013. 8 See “Forward-Looking Information — Safe Harbor Statement” at page 35 for a discussion of our use of forward- looking statements. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONSOLIDATED All per share amounts are diluted and refer to Goodyear net income (loss) available to common shareholders. 2012 Compared to 2011 For the year ended December 31, 2012, Goodyear net income was $212 million, compared to net income of $343 million in 2011. For the year ended December 31, 2012, Goodyear net income available to common shareholders was $183 million, or $0.74 per share, reflecting $29 million of preferred stock dividends, compared to Goodyear net income available to common shareholders of $321 million, or $1.26 per share, reflecting $22 million of preferred stock dividends, in 2011. Net Sales Net sales in 2012 of $21.0 billion decreased $1.8 billion, or 7.8%, compared to 2011 due primarily to lower tire volume of $1,639 million, unfavorable foreign currency translation of $766 million, primarily in EMEA, and $489 million in lower sales in other tire-related businesses, primarily due to lower sales of chemical products in North American Tire. These decreases were partially offset by improved price and product mix of $1,223 million. Consumer and commercial net sales in 2012 were $11.4 billion and $4.2 billion, respectively. Consumer and commercial net sales in 2011 were $12.1 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively. The following table presents our tire unit sales for the periods indicated: (In millions of tires) Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 % Change Replacement Units North American Tire (U.S. and Canada) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International 44.5 69.9 50.0 82.2 (11.0)% (15.0)% Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.4 132.2 (13.5)% OE Units North American Tire (U.S. and Canada) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.1 31.5 49.6 16.0 32.4 48.4 12.8% (2.8)% 2.4% Goodyear worldwide tire units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164.0 180.6 (9.2)% The decrease in worldwide tire unit sales of 16.6 million units, or 9.2%, compared to 2011, included a decrease of 17.8 million replacement units, or 13.5%, due primarily to a decrease in the consumer replacement business in EMEA as a result of economic weakness and uncertainty in the region and increased competition, and in North American Tire, primarily due to lower industry demand and decreased sales of lower end consumer products, partially offset by an increase of 1.2 million OE units, or 2.4%, primarily in North American Tire. North American Tire OE tire volume increased 2.1 million units, or 12.8%, primarily in our consumer business. Consumer and commercial unit sales in 2012 were 149.2 million and 12.8 million, respectively. Consumer and commercial unit sales in 2011 were 163.6 million and 14.8 million, respectively. Cost of Goods Sold Cost of goods sold (“CGS”) was $17.2 billion in 2012, decreasing $1.7 billion, or 8.8%, compared to 2011. CGS was 81.8% of sales in 2012 compared to 82.7% of sales in 2011. CGS in 2012 decreased due to lower tire volume of $1,344 million, favorable foreign currency translation of $620 million, and lower costs in other tire- 9 related businesses of $488 million, primarily due to lower sales of chemical products in North American Tire, partially offset by increased conversion costs of $437 million, higher raw material costs of $327 million, and product mix-related manufacturing cost increases of $206 million. The higher conversion costs were caused primarily by higher under-absorbed fixed overhead costs of approximately $232 million due to lower production volume, primarily in EMEA, net of cost savings of approximately $80 million from the closure of our Union City, Tennessee manufacturing facility (“Union City”); incremental start-up expenses for our new manufacturing facility in Pulandian, China of $21 million; and inflationary cost increases. CGS in 2012 included charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $21 million ($16 million after-tax or $0.06 per share) related to the closure of our Dalian, China manufacturing facility. CGS in 2012 also included $9 million ($6 million after- tax or $0.03 per share) in settlement charges related to a United Kingdom pension plan, the impact of a strike in South Africa of $6 million ($6 million after-tax or $0.02 per share), and $4 million ($4 million after-tax or $0.02 per share) in charges related to repairs for 2011 tornado damage at our manufacturing facility in Fayetteville, North Carolina. CGS benefited from savings from rationalization plans of $105 million. CGS was $18.8 billion in 2011. CGS in 2011 included charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $50 million ($48 million after-tax or $0.18 per share) related to the closure of Union City and $4 million ($4 million after-tax or $0.01 per share) in charges related to tornado damage at our manufacturing facility in Fayetteville, North Carolina. Selling, Administrative and General Expense Selling, administrative and general expense (“SAG”) was $2.7 billion in 2012, decreasing $104 million, or 3.7%, compared to 2011. The decrease in SAG was primarily driven by favorable foreign currency translation of $112 million and lower advertising expenses of $36 million, which were partially offset by increased wages and benefits of $17 million, increased warehousing costs of $12 million and inflationary cost increases. SAG benefited from savings from rationalization plans of $13 million. SAG in 2012 was 12.9% of sales, compared to 12.4% in 2011. Rationalizations To maintain global competitiveness, we have implemented rationalization actions over the past several years to reduce excess and high-cost manufacturing capacity and to reduce selling, administrative and general expenses through associate headcount reductions. We recorded net rationalization charges of $175 million in 2012 ($141 million after-tax or $0.57 per share). Rationalization actions initiated in 2012 consisted primarily of headcount reductions in EMEA, primarily related to the announced closure of one of our Amiens, France manufacturing facilities, and in North American Tire. We recorded net rationalization charges of $103 million in 2011 ($95 million after-tax or $0.35 per share). Rationalization actions initiated in 2011 primarily related to headcount reductions in EMEA and Asia Pacific Tire and actions in connection with the relocation of our manufacturing facility in Dalian, China to Pulandian, China. Upon completion of the 2012 plans, we estimate that annual segment operating income will improve by approximately $152 million ($103 million CGS and $49 million SAG). The savings realized in 2012 for the 2012 plans totaled $5 million ($1 million CGS and $4 million SAG). In addition, incremental savings realized in 2012 for prior years’ plans totaled $93 million ($84 million CGS and $9 million SAG). For further information, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 2, Costs Associated with Rationalization Programs. Interest Expense Interest expense was $357 million in 2012, increasing $27 million from $330 million in 2011. The increase relates primarily to higher average debt balances of $5,606 million in 2012 compared to $5,411 million in 2011 and an increase in average interest rates to 6.37% in 2012 from 6.10% in 2011. In addition, we recorded an adjustment of $13 million of expense in 2012 to correct capitalized interest recorded in prior periods. 10 Other Expense Other Expense in 2012 was $139 million, increasing $66 million from $73 million in 2011. Financing fees in 2012 of $156 million included a first quarter charge of $86 million ($86 million after-tax or $0.35 per share) related to the redemption of $650 million in aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 10.5% senior notes due 2016, of which $59 million related to a cash premium paid on the redemption and $27 million related to the write-off of deferred financing fees and unamortized discount. Also included was a charge of $24 million ($24 million after-tax or $0.10 per share), primarily related to the amendment and restatement of our U.S. second lien term loan facility in the second quarter. Financing fees in 2011 of $89 million included $53 million ($53 million after-tax or $0.20 per share) related to the redemption of $350 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 10.5% senior notes due 2016, of which $37 million related to a cash premium paid on the redemption and $16 million related to the write-off of deferred financing fees and unamortized discount. Net gains on asset sales were $25 million ($20 million after-tax or $0.08 per share) in 2012 compared to net gains on asset sales of $16 million ($8 million after-tax or $0.03 per share) in 2011. Net gains in 2012 related primarily to the sale of property in North American Tire, the sale of a minority interest in a retail business in EMEA and the sale of certain assets related to our bias truck tire business in Latin American Tire. Net gains in 2011 related primarily to the sale of land in Malaysia and the sale of the farm tire business in Latin America. The 2012 period also included a charge of $25 million ($25 million after-tax or $0.10 per share) related to certain labor claims related to a previously closed facility in EMEA. The 2011 period included charges of $13 million for an asbestos accrual adjustment related to prior periods and $9 million for an insurance deductible related to flood damage to our manufacturing facility in Thailand. For further information, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 4, Other Expense. For further information relating to the 2011 Thailand flood, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations —Segment Information — Asia Pacific Tire.” Income Taxes Tax expense in 2012 was $203 million on income before income taxes of $440 million. For 2011, tax expense was $201 million on income before income taxes of $618 million. The difference between our effective tax rate and the U.S. statutory rate was primarily due to our continuing to maintain a full valuation allowance against our Federal and state and certain foreign deferred tax assets and the adjustments discussed below. Income tax expense in 2012 included discrete net tax charges of $19 million ($17 million after minority or $0.07 per share) due primarily to increased tax reserves for prior years. Income tax expense in 2011 included net tax benefits of $36 million ($42 million after minority or $0.16 per share). The 2011 net tax benefit included a $64 million benefit from the release of a valuation allowance on our Canadian operations, which was released as a result of cumulatively profitable operations in the prior three years and projected future income sufficient to fully realize the deferred tax assets, and a $24 million charge related to the settlement of prior tax years and to increased tax reserves as a result of negative tax court rulings in a foreign jurisdiction. Our losses in various taxing jurisdictions in recent periods represented sufficient negative evidence to require us to maintain a full valuation allowance against certain of our net deferred tax assets. In certain foreign locations, it is reasonably possible that sufficient positive evidence required to release all, or a portion, of these valuation allowances within the next 12 months will exist, however, we do not expect these possible one-time tax benefits to have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operation. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, signed into law on January 2, 2013, retroactively adopts certain taxpayer relief provisions that are not reflected in our 2012 financial statements as enactment took place in 2013. The changes include a refundable alternative minimum tax provision that entitles us to a $7 million refund of our alternative minimum tax carryforwards in 2014. We will record this tax benefit in the first quarter of 2013. The act also reinstates the research and development credit and certain other foreign dividend provisions that will change the components of our deferred taxes. However, these changes will not affect tax expense as we have a full valuation allowance recorded against our U.S. deferred tax assets. For further information, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 5, Income Taxes. 11 Minority Shareholders’ Net Income Minority shareholders’ net income was $25 million in 2012, compared to $74 million in 2011. The decrease was due primarily to lower earnings in our joint venture in Europe. 2011 Compared to 2010 For the year ended December 31, 2011, Goodyear net income was $343 million, compared to a Goodyear net loss of $216 million in 2010. For the year ended December 31, 2011, Goodyear net income available to common shareholders was $321 million, or $1.26 per share, reflecting $22 million of preferred stock dividends, compared to a Goodyear net loss available to common shareholders of $216 million, or $0.89 per share, in 2010. Net Sales Net sales in 2011 of $22.8 billion increased $3.9 billion, or 20.9%, compared to 2010 due primarily to favorable changes in price and product mix of $2.6 billion, increased sales in other tire-related businesses of $875 million, primarily in North American Tire’s third party sales of chemical products, and $599 million due to favorable foreign currency translation. Consumer and commercial net sales in 2011 were $12.1 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively. Consumer and commercial net sales in 2010 were $10.3 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively. The following table presents our tire unit sales for the periods indicated: (In millions of tires) Year Ended December 31, 2011 2010 % Change Replacement Units North American Tire (U.S. and Canada) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International 50.0 82.2 50.8 82.2 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.2 133.0 OE Units North American Tire (U.S. and Canada) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.0 32.4 48.4 15.9 31.9 47.8 (1.6)% —% (0.7)% 1.3% 1.6% 1.5% Goodyear worldwide tire units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.6 180.8 (0.1)% The decrease in worldwide tire unit sales of 0.2 million units, or 0.1%, compared to 2010, included a decrease of 0.8 million replacement units, or 0.7%, due primarily to a decrease in the consumer replacement business in North American Tire due to lower industry demand and a decrease in Latin American Tire, primarily in consumer replacement, partially offset by an increase of 0.6 million units, or 1.5%, in OE units, primarily in EMEA. EMEA OE volume increased 1.1 million units, or 6.7%, due to increased demand in both our consumer and commercial businesses due to increased vehicle production. Consumer and commercial units in 2011 were 163.6 million and 14.8 million, respectively. Consumer and commercial units in 2010 were 164.4 million and 14.0 million, respectively. Cost of Goods Sold CGS was $18.8 billion in 2011, increasing $3.4 billion, or 21.8%, compared to 2010. CGS was 82.7% of sales in 2011 compared to 82.1% in 2010. CGS in 2011 increased due primarily to higher raw material costs of $1.8 billion, higher costs in other tire-related businesses of $826 million, primarily in North American Tire’s cost of chemical products, unfavorable foreign currency translation of $453 million, and product mix-related cost increases of $229 million. CGS was favorably impacted by decreased conversion costs of $19 million. The lower conversion costs were caused primarily by lower under-absorbed fixed overhead costs of $195 million due to higher production volume and savings from rationalization plans of $55 million, which were partially offset by incremental start-up costs for our new manufacturing facility in Pulandian, China of $40 million, inflationary 12 cost increases and higher profit sharing costs in North American Tire of $55 million. CGS in 2011 included $4 million ($4 million after-tax or $0.01 per share) in charges related to tornado damage at our manufacturing facility in Fayetteville, North Carolina. CGS in 2011 also included charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $50 million ($48 million after-tax or $0.18 per share). The increase in accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs in 2011 was due primarily to the closure of Union City. CGS was $15.5 billion in 2010. CGS in 2010 included charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $15 million ($11 million after-tax or $0.05 per share). CGS in 2010 also included gains from supplier settlements of $12 million ($8 million after-tax or $0.03 per share), expense due to a supplier disruption of $4 million ($4 million after-tax or $0.02 per share), a one-time importation cost adjustment of $3 million ($3 million after-tax or $0.01 per share), and the impact of a strike in South Africa of $3 million ($3 million after-tax or $0.01 per share). Selling, Administrative and General Expense SAG was $2.8 billion in 2011, increasing $192 million, or 7.3%, compared to 2010. SAG increased due primarily to unfavorable foreign currency translation of $89 million, higher advertising and marketing expenses of $79 million, increased wages and benefits of $77 million, and increased warehousing costs of $13 million. Lower general and product liability expense of $52 million in North American Tire served to partially offset the increase. SAG benefited from savings from rationalization plans of $20 million. SAG in 2010 included an insurance recovery of $8 million ($8 million after-tax or $0.03 per share). SAG in 2011 was 12.4% of sales, compared to 14.0% in 2010. Rationalizations We recorded net rationalization charges of $103 million in 2011. Rationalization actions initiated in 2011 primarily related to headcount reductions in EMEA and Asia Pacific Tire and actions in connection with the relocation of our manufacturing facility in Dalian, China to Pulandian, China. We recorded net rationalization charges of $240 million in 2010. Rationalization actions initiated in 2010 consisted of the plan to close Union City, the consolidation of several warehouses in North American Tire, an increase in costs related to the discontinuation of consumer tire production at one of our facilities in Amiens, France, and the closure of a manufacturing facility in Taiwan. For further information, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 2, Costs Associated with Rationalization Programs. Interest Expense Interest expense was $330 million in 2011, increasing $14 million from $316 million in 2010. The increase relates primarily to higher average debt balances of $5,411 million in 2011 compared to $4,701 million in 2010, partially offset by a decrease in average interest rates of 6.10% in 2011 compared to 6.72% in 2010. Other Expense Other Expense in 2011 was $73 million, improving $113 million from $186 million in 2010. Net foreign currency exchange losses in 2011 were $27 million compared to $159 million in 2010. The 2010 period included a first quarter foreign exchange loss of $110 million ($99 million after-tax or $0.41 per share) resulting from the January 8, 2010 devaluation of the Venezuelan bolivar fuerte against the U.S. dollar and a fourth quarter foreign exchange loss of $24 million ($20 million after-tax or $0.08 per share) in connection with the January 1, 2011 elimination of the two-tier exchange rate structure, which was announced by the Venezuelan government in December 2010. For further discussion on Venezuela, refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Overview.” Foreign currency exchange also reflected net gains and losses resulting from the effect of exchange rate changes on various foreign currency transactions worldwide. 13 Financing fees in 2011 of $89 million included $53 million related to the redemption of $350 million aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 10.5% senior notes due 2016, of which $37 million related to a cash premium paid on the redemption and $16 million related to the write-off of deferred financing fees and unamortized discount. Net gains on asset sales were $16 million in 2011 compared to net gains on asset sales of $73 million ($48 million after-tax or $0.20 per share) in 2010. Net gains in 2011 related primarily to the sale of land in Malaysia and the sale of the farm tire business in Latin America. Net gains in 2010 related primarily to the sale of a closed manufacturing facility in Taiwan and land in Thailand and the recognition of a deferred gain from the sale of a warehouse in Guatemala in 2008. The 2011 period also included charges of $13 million for an asbestos accrual adjustment related to prior periods and $9 million for the insurance deductible related to flood damage to our manufacturing facility in Thailand. The 2010 period also included a charge of $25 million related to a claim regarding the use of value-added tax credits in prior years. For further information, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 4, Other Expense. Income Taxes Tax expense in 2011 was $201 million on income before income taxes of $618 million. For 2010, tax expense was $172 million on income before income taxes of $8 million primarily driven by a U.S. loss of $529 million with no tax benefit. For the year ending December 31, 2010, our income tax expense or benefit was allocated among operations and items charged or credited directly to shareholders’ equity. Pursuant to this allocation requirement, a $9 million non-cash tax benefit was allocated to the loss from our U.S. operations, with offsetting tax expense allocated to items, primarily attributable to employee benefits, charged directly to shareholders’ equity. Income tax expense in 2011 also included net tax benefits of $36 million. The 2011 net tax benefit included a $64 million benefit from the release of a valuation allowance on our Canadian operations, which was released as a result of cumulatively profitable operations in the prior three years and projected future income sufficient to fully realize the deferred tax assets, and a $24 million charge related to the settlement of prior tax years and to increased tax reserves as a result of negative tax court rulings in a foreign jurisdiction. Income tax expense in 2010 included net tax benefits of $33 million related to a $16 million benefit for enacted tax law changes and $20 million of tax benefits related to the settlement of tax audits and the expiration of statutes of limitations in multiple tax jurisdictions. For further information, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 5, Income Taxes. Minority Shareholders’ Net Income Minority shareholders’ net income was $74 million in 2011, compared to $52 million in 2010. The increase was due primarily to increased earnings in our joint venture in Europe. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — SEGMENT INFORMATION Segment information reflects our strategic business units (“SBUs”), which are organized to meet customer requirements and global competition and are segmented on a regional basis. Results of operations are measured based on net sales to unaffiliated customers and segment operating income. Each segment exports tires to other segments. The financial results of each segment exclude sales of tires exported to other segments, but include operating income derived from such transactions. Segment operating income is computed as follows: Net Sales less CGS (excluding asset write-off and accelerated depreciation charges) and SAG (including certain allocated corporate administrative expenses). Segment operating income also includes certain royalties and equity in earnings of most affiliates. Segment operating income does not include net rationalization charges (credits), asset sales and certain other items. Total segment operating income was $1,248 million in 2012, $1,368 million in 2011 and $917 million in 2010. Total segment operating margin (segment operating income divided by segment sales) in 2012 was 5.9%, compared to 6.0% in 2011 and 4.9% in 2010. 14 Management believes that total segment operating income is useful because it represents the aggregate value of income created by our SBUs and excludes items not directly related to the SBUs for performance evaluation purposes. Total segment operating income is the sum of the individual SBUs’ segment operating income. Refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 7, Business Segments, for further information and for a reconciliation of total segment operating income to Income before Income Taxes. North American Tire (In millions) Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Tire Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 $9,666 514 5.3% 66.0 $9,859 276 2.8% 66.7 $8,205 18 0.2% 2012 Compared to 2011 North American Tire unit sales in 2012 decreased 3.4 million units, or 5.2%, to 62.6 million units. The decrease was primarily related to a reduction in replacement tire volume of 5.5 million units, or 11.0%, primarily in our consumer business, reflecting lower industry demand and decreased sales of lower end consumer products. Increased OE tire volume, primarily in our consumer business, of 2.1 million units, or 12.8%, primarily related to improved industry conditions, partially offset this decrease. Net sales in 2012 were $9,666 million, decreasing $193 million, or 2.0%, compared to $9,859 million in 2011. Price and product mix improvement of $500 million was more than offset by decreased sales in other tire-related businesses of $354 million, primarily related to a decrease in the price and volume of third party sales of chemical products, and lower sales volume of $329 million. Operating income in 2012 was $514 million, improving $238 million from $276 million in 2011. Price and product mix improved $498 million, which exceeded material cost increases of $127 million. This improvement was partially offset by increased conversion costs of $67 million, lower volume of $38 million, increased SAG expense of $7 million and unfavorable foreign currency translation of $2 million. Decreased profits in our other tire-related businesses of $5 million, driven by a decrease in the price and volume of third party sales of chemical products, also negatively impacted operating income. Higher conversion costs were driven by $105 million of increased under-absorbed overhead costs resulting from lower production volumes as well as increased pension expense and inflationary cost increases, partially offset by $80 million in rationalization savings, primarily due to the closure of Union City in July 2011. SAG expenses included savings from rationalization plans of $3 million. Operating income in 2012 excluded net rationalization charges of $43 million and charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $1 million, primarily related to the closure of Union City, and net gains on asset sales of $9 million. Operating income in 2011 excluded net rationalization charges of $72 million and charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $43 million, primarily related to the closure of Union City, and net losses on asset sales of $2 million. 2011 Compared to 2010 North American Tire unit sales in 2011 decreased 0.7 million units, or 0.9%, to 66.0 million units. The decrease was primarily related to a decrease in replacement volume of 0.8 million units, or 1.6%, primarily in our consumer business reflecting lower industry demand. OE volume remained relatively flat with increases in our commercial business offsetting decreases in our consumer business. Net sales in 2011 were $9,859 million, increasing $1,654 million, or 20.2%, compared to $8,205 million in 2010 due primarily to improved price and product mix of $1,000 million, increased sales in other tire-related businesses of $677 million, primarily related to an increase in the price and volume of third party sales of chemical products, and favorable foreign currency translation of $28 million. Lower sales volume of $54 million partially offset these improvements. 15 Operating income in 2011 was $276 million, improving $258 million from $18 million in 2010. Price and product mix improved $883 million, which more than offset raw material cost increases of $706 million. Operating income also benefited from decreased SAG expenses of $53 million, increased operating income in our other tire-related businesses of $30 million driven by increased profits for our aviation products and in our retail tire businesses, and favorable foreign currency translation of $12 million. Conversion costs, which were flat compared to the prior year, benefited from lower under-absorbed fixed overhead costs of approximately $96 million due to higher production volume and decreased pension expense of $35 million. These benefits were offset by higher profit sharing costs of $55 million, increased workers compensation of $15 million, and inflation. Lower volume of $5 million served to partially offset the improvement in operating income. The decrease in SAG expense was driven by lower general and product liability expenses of $52 million. Conversion costs and SAG expenses included savings from rationalization plans of $16 million and $11 million, respectively. Operating income in 2011 excluded net rationalization charges of $72 million and charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $43 million, primarily related to the closure of Union City, and net losses on asset sales of $2 million. Operating income in 2010 excluded net rationalization charges of $184 million and charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $2 million, primarily related to the closure of Union City, and net gains on asset sales of $2 million. Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire (In millions) Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Tire Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.7 $6,884 252 3.7% 74.3 $8,040 627 7.8% 72.0 $6,407 319 5.0% 2012 Compared to 2011 Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire unit sales in 2012 decreased 11.6 million units, or 15.6%, to 62.7 million units. Replacement tire volume decreased 10.4 million units, or 18.3%, primarily in the consumer business, due to economic weakness and uncertainty in the region, which slowed retail demand, aggressive competition and high trade inventory levels following weak dealer seasonal tire sales. OE tire volume decreased 1.2 million units, or 6.7%, due primarily to economic weakness and uncertainty in the region which led to decreased industry demand in both our consumer and commercial businesses. Net sales in 2012 were $6,884 million, decreasing $1,156 million, or 14.4%, compared to $8,040 million in 2011. Net sales decreased due primarily to lower tire volume of $1,155 million and unfavorable foreign currency translation of $507 million. These decreases were partially offset by improved price and product mix of $499 million. Operating income in 2012 was $252 million, decreasing $375 million, or 59.8%, compared to $627 million in 2011. Operating income decreased due primarily to higher conversion costs of $267 million, lower tire volume of $225 million and unfavorable foreign currency translation of $15 million. The overall decrease was partially offset by improved price and product mix of $303 million, which exceeded higher raw material costs of $168 million. Conversion costs increased due primarily to higher under-absorbed fixed overhead costs of $194 million due to lower production volume, production inefficiencies and other inflationary cost increases. Conversion costs and SAG expenses included savings from rationalization plans of $3 million and $9 million, respectively. Operating income included a $29 million charge for a contractual obligation under an offtake agreement for tires. Although the agreement continues in future years, we do not expect to incur similar charges going forward due to changes to the agreement made in the fourth quarter of 2012. Operating income in 2012 excluded net rationalization charges of $100 million, primarily related to the announced exit of our farm tire business in EMEA and closure of one of our Amiens, France manufacturing 16 facilities, charges of $25 million related to certain labor claims with respect to a previously closed facility, and net gains on asset sales of $9 million. Operating income in 2011 excluded net rationalization charges of $15 million and net gains on asset sales of $1 million. EMEA’s results are highly dependent upon Germany, which accounted for approximately 37% of EMEA’s net sales in 2012 and 2011. Accordingly, results of operations in Germany are expected to continue to have a significant impact on EMEA’s future performance. The announced exit of our farm tire business in EMEA and closure of one of our Amiens, France manufacturing facilities are expected to improve EMEA operating income by approximately $75 million annually, as compared to 2012 results, following the closure. As the required consultation process has just begun, we are not able to currently estimate the timing of plan completion. 2011 Compared to 2010 Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire unit sales in 2011 increased 2.3 million units, or 3.2%, to 74.3 million units. Replacement volume increased 1.2 million units, or 2.2%, primarily in the consumer business, due to improved economic conditions during the first nine months of the year and strong winter tire sales. OE volume increased 1.1 million units, or 6.7%, driven by increased demand in both our consumer and commercial businesses due to increased vehicle production. Net sales in 2011 were $8,040 million, increasing $1,633 million, or 25.5%, compared to $6,407 million in 2010, due primarily to improved price and product mix of $1,031 million and higher volume of $170 million. These increases were accompanied by favorable foreign currency translation of $342 million and higher sales by other tire-related businesses of $90 million, primarily in our retail and retread businesses. Operating income in 2011 was $627 million, increasing $308 million, or 96.6%, compared to $319 million in 2010, due primarily to improved price and product mix of $930 million which offset higher raw material costs of $651 million, lower conversion costs of $79 million, increased volume of $34 million and favorable foreign currency translation of $24 million. Conversion costs decreased due primarily to lower under-absorbed fixed overhead costs of $89 million due to higher production volume partially offset by increases in wages and general inflation. Operating income was unfavorably affected by higher SAG expenses of $91 million. SAG expenses increased primarily due to increased advertising and marketing expenses of $66 million, higher wages and benefits of $25 million and increased warehousing costs of $13 million. Conversion costs and SAG expenses included savings from rationalization plans of $17 million and $5 million, respectively. Operating income in 2011 excluded net rationalization charges of $15 million and net gains on asset sales of $1 million. Operating income in 2010 excluded net rationalization charges of $41 million, net gains on asset sales of $6 million and charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $1 million. Latin American Tire (In millions) Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Tire Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.1 $2,085 223 10.7% 19.8 $2,472 231 9.3% 20.7 $2,158 330 15.3% 2012 Compared to 2011 Latin American Tire unit sales in 2012 decreased 1.7 million units, or 8.4%, to 18.1 million units. Replacement tire volume decreased 1.2 million units, or 8.9%, and OE tire volume decreased 0.5 million units, or 7.4%, driven primarily by increased competition and lower industry volume. Approximately 0.4 million and 0.1 million of the total unit decline was attributable to the May 2012 sale of our bias truck tire business in certain countries and the April 2011 divestiture of our farm tire business, respectively. 17 Net sales in 2012 were $2,085 million, decreasing $387 million, or 15.7%, from $2,472 million in 2011. Net sales decreased due primarily to unfavorable foreign currency translation of $194 million, mainly in Brazil, lower tire volume of $174 million, lower sales by other tire-related businesses of $101 million, the sale of the bias truck tire business of $70 million, and the divestiture of the farm tire business of $33 million. These decreases were partially offset by improved price and product mix of $185 million. Operating income in 2012 was $223 million, decreasing $8 million, or 3.5%, from $231 million in 2011. Operating income decreased due primarily to higher conversion costs of $59 million, lower tire volume of $38 million, higher SAG expenses of $16 million, lower operating income from other tire-related businesses of $9 million, unfavorable foreign currency translation of $6 million and the divestiture of the farm tire business of $3 million. These decreases were partially offset by improved price and product mix of $171 million, which more than offset increased raw material costs of $54 million, and higher operating income from intersegment sales of $5 million. The higher conversion costs were primarily driven by increased wages and benefit costs and higher under-absorbed fixed overhead costs of $12 million on lower volume. Conversion costs included savings from rationalization plans of $8 million. The increase in SAG expenses is primarily driven by increased wages and benefits of $12 million and higher warehousing expense. Operating income in 2012 excluded net rationalization charges of $6 million and net gains on asset sales of $4 million. Operating income in 2011 excluded net gains on asset sales of $4 million. Latin American Tire’s results are highly dependent upon Brazil, which accounted for 51% and 58% of Latin American Tire’s net sales in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Lower operating income in Brazil in 2012, primarily due to increased competition from Asian imports, increased raw material costs and inflationary cost increases, drove the year over year decline in segment operating income in 2012. Goodyear Venezuela also contributed a significant portion of Latin American Tire’s sales and operating income in 2012 and 2011. On February 8, 2013, the Venezuelan government announced the devaluation of its currency, the bolivar fuerte, effective February 13, 2013. The announcement indicated that the official exchange rate would be changed from 4.3 bolivares fuertes to each U.S. dollar to 6.3 bolivares fuertes to each U.S. dollar. As a result, we expect to record a charge in the first quarter of 2013 in Other Expense and, therefore, excluded from segment operating income in connection with the remeasurement of our balance sheet to reflect the devaluation. If calculated at the announced official exchange rate of 6.3, the charge is expected to be approximately $100 million, net of tax. For further information see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — Overview.” 2011 Compared to 2010 Latin American Tire unit sales in 2011 decreased 0.9 million units, or 4.8%, to 19.8 million units. Replacement tire volume decreased 0.9 million units, or 7.0%, primarily in the lower end of the consumer tire market due to competition from increased imports of tires from Asia, while OE tire volume was flat. Net sales in 2011 were $2,472 million, increasing $314 million, or 14.6%, from $2,158 million in 2010. Net sales increased due primarily to improved price and product mix of $296 million, increased sales by other tire-related businesses of $99 million and favorable foreign currency translation of $82 million, mainly in Brazil. These increases were partially offset by lower volume of $97 million and the divestiture of the farm tire business, which reduced sales by $67 million. Operating income in 2011 was $231 million, decreasing $99 million, or 30.0%, from $330 million in 2010. Operating income decreased due primarily to higher conversion costs of $61 million, lower tire volume of $30 million, the impact of the April 1, 2011 farm tire business divestiture of $25 million, and higher SAG expenses of $19 million, primarily driven by increased wages and benefits of $12 million and equity-based taxes of $5 million. These decreases were partially offset by improved price and product mix of $266 million, which more than offset increased raw material costs of $249 million, favorable foreign currency translation of $4 million, higher operating income from other tire-related businesses of $3 million and higher operating income from intersegment sales. The higher conversion costs were primarily driven by wage inflation, a depreciation 18 adjustment related to prior periods of $8 million, an increase of $5 million driven by a first quarter 2010 adjustment of a legal claim reserve for payroll taxes, and ramp-up costs related to the expansion of our manufacturing facility in Chile. Conversion costs included lower under-absorbed fixed overhead costs of approximately $16 million. Conversion costs and SAG expenses included savings from rationalization plans of $22 million and $4 million, respectively. Operating income in 2011 excluded net gains on asset sales of $4 million. Operating income in 2010 excluded a charge of $25 million related to a claim regarding the use of value-added tax credits in prior periods, net gains on asset sales of $7 million, and net rationalization charges of $5 million. In addition, a $134 million foreign currency exchange loss in Venezuela was also excluded from operating income in 2010. Asia Pacific Tire (In millions) Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Tire Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 $2,357 259 11.0% 20.5 $2,396 234 9.8% 21.4 $2,062 250 12.1% 2012 Compared to 2011 Asia Pacific Tire unit sales in 2012 increased 0.1 million units, or 0.3%, to 20.6 million units. OE tire volume increased by 0.8 million units, or 9.8%, primarily in the consumer business while replacement tire volume decreased by 0.7 million units, or 5.9%. Increases in OE tire volume were primarily driven by growth in the consumer business in China and India, which more than offset declines in replacement tire volume driven primarily by a weakening environment in Australia and slowing economic conditions, primarily in India. Net sales in 2012 were $2,357 million, decreasing $39 million, or 1.6%, from $2,396 million in 2011, due primarily to unfavorable foreign currency translation of $55 million driven by depreciation of the Indian rupee and lower sales in other-tire related businesses of $39 million. Improved price and product mix of $39 million and higher volume of $19 million partially offset the decreases. Operating income in 2012 was $259 million, increasing $25 million, or 10.7%, from $234 million in 2011, due primarily to improved price and product mix of $45 million, lower raw material costs of $22 million, the timing of recognition of flood related losses in 2011 and net recoveries from insurance in 2012 of $21 million, higher equity income from a Japanese joint venture of $15 million and higher volume of $6 million. These increases were partially offset by higher conversion costs of $23 million, an increase in start-up expenses for our new manufacturing facility in Pulandian, China of approximately $21 million, higher SAG costs of $19 million, primarily to support sales growth in China, unfavorable foreign currency translation of $11 million and lower income from other-tire related businesses of $10 million, primarily related to retail tire operations. Restoration of our facility in Thailand, which was closed following severe flooding in the fourth quarter of 2011, was substantially completed in the third quarter of 2012. In 2012, insurance recoveries exceeded costs and losses incurred, which increased Asia Pacific Tire’s operating income by $9 million. Asia Pacific Tire’s operating income in 2011 was negatively impacted by $12 million due to reduced volume and increased conversion costs. As a result of the timing of the recognition of costs and losses and related insurance recoveries, segment operating income improved by $21 million in 2012 as compared to 2011. In 2012, on a consolidated basis, we recognized a net benefit of $18 million ($15 million after-tax or $0.06 per share) due to insurance recoveries exceeding costs and losses incurred. In 2011, our consolidated results of operations were negatively affected by approximately $21 million ($16 million after-tax, or $0.07 per share). As a result of the timing of the recognition of costs and losses and related insurance recoveries, pre-tax income improved by $39 million in 2012 as compared to 2011. We expect further insurance recoveries as we finalize our claims. 19 Operating income in 2012 excluded net rationalization charges of $26 million and charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $19 million, which primarily related to the closure of our Dalian, China manufacturing facility. In addition, operating income excluded net gains on asset sales of $1 million in 2012. Operating income in 2011 excluded net rationalization charges of $16 million and charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $7 million, primarily related to the closure of our Dalian, China manufacturing facility. In addition, operating income excluded net gains on asset sales of $9 million in 2011, due primarily to the sale of land in Malaysia. Asia Pacific Tire’s results are highly dependent upon Australia, which accounted for approximately 44% of Asia Pacific Tire’s net sales in 2012 and 2011. Accordingly, results of operations in Australia are expected to continue to have a significant impact on Asia Pacific Tire’s future performance. In 2013, decreases in start-up expenses at our new manufacturing facility in Pulandian, China are anticipated to improve Asia Pacific Tire’s operating income by $10 million to $20 million compared to 2012. 2011 Compared to 2010 Asia Pacific Tire unit sales in 2011 decreased 0.9 million units, or 4.2%, to 20.5 million units. OE volume decreased by 0.6 million units, or 6.5%, primarily in the consumer business and replacement volume decreased by 0.3 million units, or 2.6%. Decreases in OE unit sales were primarily caused by supply disruptions at OE manufacturers as a result of the natural disaster in Japan as well as flooding in Thailand. Declines in replacement unit sales in Australia and New Zealand, which were affected by a continued weak retail environment, and in Thailand, which was impacted by flooding, more than offset increased replacement unit sales in China and India. Net sales in 2011 were $2,396 million, increasing $334 million, or 16.2%, from $2,062 million in the 2010 period, due primarily to improved price and product mix of $258 million and foreign currency translation of $147 million, primarily in Australia and China, which more than offset the impact of lower volume of $64 million. Operating income in 2011 was $234 million, decreasing $16 million, or 6.4%, from $250 million in 2010, due primarily to an increase in start-up expenses for our new manufacturing facility in Pulandian, China of approximately $40 million, higher conversion costs of $13 million, lower volume of $12 million, higher SAG costs of $15 million and higher transportation costs of $6 million. These impacts were partially offset by improved price and product mix of $277 million, which more than offset higher raw material costs of $216 million, and favorable foreign currency translation of $17 million. The flooding of our factory in Thailand in the fourth quarter of 2011 reduced volume and increased conversion costs, which negatively impacted operating income by approximately $12 million. Operating income in 2011 and 2010 excluded net rationalization charges of $16 million and $11 million, respectively, and charges for accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs of $7 million and $12 million, respectively. In addition, operating income excluded net gains on asset sales of $9 million in 2011, due primarily to the sale of land in Malaysia, and $58 million in 2010, due primarily to the sale of a closed manufacturing facility in Taiwan and land in Thailand. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related notes to the financial statements. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates, based on currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may alter such estimates and affect our results of operations and financial position in future periods. Our critical accounting policies relate to: • general and product liability and other litigation, • workers’ compensation, • recoverability of goodwill, 20 • deferred tax asset valuation allowances and uncertain income tax positions, and • pensions and other postretirement benefits. General and Product Liability and Other Litigation. We have recorded liabilities totaling $298 million, including related legal fees expected to be incurred, for potential product liability and other tort claims, including asbestos claims, presently asserted against us at December 31, 2012. General and product liability and other litigation liabilities are recorded based on management’s assessment that a loss arising from these matters is probable. If the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record the amount of the estimated loss. If the loss is estimated within a range and no point within the range is more probable than another, we record the minimum amount in the range. As additional information becomes available, any potential liability related to these matters is assessed and the estimates are revised, if necessary. Loss ranges are based upon the specific facts of each claim or class of claims and are determined after review by counsel. Court rulings on our cases or similar cases may impact our assessment of the probability and our estimate of the loss, which may have an impact on our reported results of operations, financial position and liquidity. We record receivables for insurance recoveries related to our litigation claims when it is probable that we will receive reimbursement from the insurer. Specifically, we are a defendant in numerous lawsuits alleging various asbestos-related personal injuries purported to result from alleged exposure to asbestos in certain products manufactured by us or present in certain of our facilities. Typically, these lawsuits have been brought against multiple defendants in Federal and state courts. A significant assumption in our estimated asbestos liability is the period over which the liability can be reasonably estimated. Due to the difficulties in making these estimates, analysis based on new data and/or changed circumstances arising in the future may result in an increase in the recorded obligation in an amount that cannot be reasonably estimated, and that increase may be significant. We had recorded gross liabilities for both asserted and unasserted asbestos claims, inclusive of defense costs, totaling $139 million at December 31, 2012. The portion of the liability associated with unasserted asbestos claims and related defense costs was $68 million. We maintain primary insurance coverage under coverage-in-place agreements, and also have excess liability insurance with respect to asbestos liabilities. We record a receivable with respect to such policies when we determine that recovery is probable and we can reasonably estimate the amount of a particular recovery. This determination is based on consultation with our outside legal counsel and taking into consideration agreements with certain of our insurance carriers, the financial viability and legal obligations of our insurance carriers and other relevant factors. As of December 31, 2012, we recorded a receivable related to asbestos claims of $73 million, and we expect that approximately 50% of asbestos claim related losses would be recoverable through insurance through the period covered by the estimated liability. Of this amount, $10 million was included in Current Assets as part of Accounts receivable at December 31, 2012. The recorded receivable consists of an amount we expect to collect under coverage-in-place agreements with certain primary carriers as well as an amount we believe is probable of recovery from certain of our excess coverage insurance carriers. Workers’ Compensation. We had recorded liabilities, on a discounted basis, of $307 million for anticipated costs related to U.S. workers’ compensation claims at December 31, 2012. The costs include an estimate of expected settlements on pending claims, defense costs and a provision for claims incurred but not reported. These estimates are based on our assessment of potential liability using an analysis of available information with respect to pending claims, historical experience and current cost trends. The amount of our ultimate liability in respect of these matters may differ from these estimates. We periodically, and at least annually, update our loss development factors based on actuarial analyses. The liability is discounted using the risk-free rate of return. For further information on general and product liability and other litigation, and workers’ compensation, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 18, Commitments and Contingent Liabilities. Recoverability of Goodwill. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually or more frequently if an indicator of impairment is present. Goodwill totaled $664 million at December 31, 2012. We have determined our reporting units to be consistent with our operating segments comprised of four strategic business units: North American Tire, Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire, Latin American Tire and 21 Asia Pacific Tire. Goodwill is allocated to these reporting units based on the original purchase price allocation for acquisitions within the various reporting units. There have been no changes to our reporting units or in the manner in which goodwill was allocated in 2012. Guidance under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, requires an entity to test goodwill for impairment on at least an annual basis, with the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary or to perform a quantitative assessment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. Under the qualitative assessment, an entity is not required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. If under the quantitative assessment the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the amount of the impairment loss, if any, must be measured. After considering changes to assumptions used in our most recent quantitative annual testing, including the capital markets environment, economic conditions, tire industry competition and trends, changes in our results of operations, the magnitude of the excess of fair value over the carrying amount of each reporting unit as determined in our most recent quantitative annual testing, and other factors, we concluded it is more likely than not that the fair value of our North American Tire and Asia Pacific Tire reporting units is not less than its respective carrying value and, therefore, did not perform a quantitative analysis. Given the current economic conditions in Europe and the segment operating results of our EMEA reporting unit, we concluded that it was necessary to perform a quantitative analysis in connection with our 2012 annual goodwill impairment assessment for that reporting unit. We determined the estimated fair value of our EMEA reporting unit using a discounted cash flow approach consistent with the methodology used in our most recent quantitative annual testing. The key assumptions incorporated in the discounted cash flow approach include a growth rate, projected segment operating income, changes in our plan for capital expenditures, anticipated funding for pensions, and a discount rate equal to our assumed long-term cost of capital. Based on the testing performed in accordance with ASC 350, the annual impairment test indicated there was no impairment of goodwill in our EMEA reporting unit since the fair value exceeded the carrying value. Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowances and Uncertain Income Tax Positions. At December 31, 2012, we had valuation allowances aggregating $3.4 billion against all of our net Federal and state and certain of our foreign net deferred tax assets. We assess both negative and positive evidence when measuring the need for a valuation allowance. Evidence, such as operating results during the most recent three-year period, is given more weight than our expectations of future profitability, which are inherently uncertain. Our losses in the U.S. and certain foreign locations in recent periods represented sufficient negative evidence to require a full valuation allowance against our net Federal, state and certain of our foreign deferred tax assets. We intend to maintain valuation allowances against our net deferred tax assets until sufficient positive evidence exists to support the realization of such assets. The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations, including those for transfer pricing. We recognize liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If we ultimately determine that payment of these amounts is unnecessary, we reverse the liability and recognize a tax benefit during the period in which we determine that the liability is no longer necessary. We also recognize income tax benefits to the extent that it is more likely than not that our positions will be sustained when challenged by the taxing authorities. We derecognize income tax benefits when based on new information we determine that it is no longer more likely than not that our position will be sustained. To the extent we prevail in matters for which liabilities have been established, or determine we need to derecognize tax benefits recorded in prior periods, our results of operations and effective tax rate in a given period could be materially affected. An unfavorable tax settlement would require use of our cash, and lead to recognition of expense to the extent the settlement amount exceeds recorded liabilities and, in the case of an income tax settlement, result in an increase in our effective tax rate in the period of resolution. To reduce our risk of an unfavorable transfer price settlement, the Company applies consistent transfer pricing policies and practices globally, supports pricing with economic studies and seeks advance pricing 22 agreements and joint audits to the extent possible. A favorable tax settlement would be recognized as a reduction of expense to the extent the settlement amount is lower than recorded liabilities and, in the case of an income tax settlement, would result in a reduction in our effective tax rate in the period of resolution. We report interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions as income taxes. For additional information regarding uncertain income tax positions and valuation allowances, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 5, Income Taxes. Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits. We have recorded liabilities for pension and other postretirement benefits of approximately $3.5 billion and $0.5 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2012. Our recorded liabilities for pensions and other postretirement benefits are based on a number of assumptions, including: • life expectancies, • retirement rates, • discount rates, • long term rates of return on plan assets, • inflation rates, • future compensation levels, • future health care costs, and • maximum company-covered benefit costs. Certain of these assumptions are determined with the assistance of independent actuaries. Assumptions about life expectancies, retirement rates, future compensation levels and future health care costs are based on past experience and anticipated future trends. The discount rate for our U.S. plans is based on a yield curve derived from a portfolio of corporate bonds from issuers rated Aa or higher as of December 31 and is reviewed annually. Our expected benefit payment cash flows are discounted based on spot rates developed from the yield curve. The long term rate of return on plan assets is based on the compound annualized return of our U.S. pension fund over a period of 15 years or more, estimates of future long term rates of return on assets similar to the target allocation of our pension fund and long term inflation. Actual U.S. pension fund asset allocations are reviewed on a monthly basis and the pension fund is rebalanced to target ranges on an as-needed basis. These assumptions are reviewed regularly and revised when appropriate. Changes in one or more of them may affect the amount of our recorded liabilities and net periodic costs for these benefits. Other assumptions involving demographic factors such as retirement age, mortality and turnover are evaluated periodically and are updated to reflect our experience and expectations for the future. If the actual experience differs from expectations, our financial position, results of operations and liquidity in future periods may be affected. The weighted average discount rate used in estimating the total liability for our U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit plans was 3.71% and 3.30%, respectively, at December 31, 2012, compared to 4.52% and 4.12%, respectively, at December 31, 2011. The decrease in the discount rate at December 31, 2012 was due primarily to lower interest rate yields on highly rated corporate bonds. Interest cost included in our U.S. net periodic pension cost was $261 million in 2012, compared to $283 million in 2011 and $296 million in 2010. Interest cost included in our worldwide net periodic other postretirement benefits cost was $24 million in 2012, compared to $30 million in 2011 and $33 million in 2010. 23 The following table presents the sensitivity of our U.S. projected pension benefit obligation, accumulated other postretirement benefits obligation, and annual expense to the indicated increase/decrease in key assumptions: (Dollars in millions) Pensions: Assumption: Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected return on assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Postretirement Benefits: Assumption: Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health care cost trends — total cost + / – Change at December 31, 2012 Change PBO/ABO Annual Expense +/– 0.5% +/– 1.0% $406 N/A +/– 0.5% +/– 1.0% $ 9 2 $13 40 $— — Subsequent to December 31, 2012, substantially all of our U.S. pension plans entered into short term zero cost interest rate option strategies in order to significantly reduce the volatility of our U.S. pension funded status. Changes in general interest rates and corporate (AA or better) credit spreads impact our discount rate and thereby our U.S. pension liability. If general interest rates were to decrease in parallel (i.e., across all maturities), the interest rate option strategies would mitigate approximately 50% of the impact of the expected rise in the pension benefit obligation. If general interest rates were to increase in parallel, the interest rate option strategies would limit the benefit of higher interest rates on our pension benefit obligation after interest rates increase beyond specified levels, or caps. For example, a 0.50% increase in these rates would result in approximately a 10% offset to the expected decrease in the pension benefit obligation and a 1.00% increase would result in approximately a 25% offset. The options strategies have no impact on changes in our discount rate (and thereby our pension liability) that may occur due to movements in corporate (AA or better) credit spreads. At the same time, we entered into short term zero cost equity collars that cap upside and limit downside on a portion of the pension plans’ U.S. equity portfolio. These agreements initially cover 75% of our equity position and decline to 50% during the year. A significant portion of the net actuarial loss included in AOCL of $3,385 million in our U.S. pension plans as of December 31, 2012 is a result of the overall decline in U.S. discount rates over time and plan asset losses. For purposes of determining our 2012 U.S. net periodic pension expense, our funded status was such that we recognized $179 million of the net actuarial loss in 2012. We will recognize approximately $211 million of net actuarial losses in 2013. If our future experience is consistent with our assumptions as of December 31, 2012, actuarial loss recognition over the next few years will remain at an amount near that to be recognized in 2013 before it begins to gradually decline. The actual rate of return on our U.S. pension fund was 14.2%, 0.7% and 14.4% in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, as compared to the expected rate of 8.50% for all three years. We use the fair value of our pension assets in the calculation of pension expense for all of our U.S. pension plans. We experienced a decrease in our U.S. discount rate at the end of 2012 and a large portion of the net actuarial loss included in AOCL of $170 million in our worldwide other postretirement benefit plans as of December 31, 2012 is a result of the overall decline in U.S. discount rates over time. For purposes of determining 2012 worldwide net periodic other postretirement benefits cost, we recognized $11 million of the net actuarial losses in 2012. We will recognize approximately $13 million of net actuarial losses in 2013. If our future experience is consistent with our assumptions as of December 31, 2012, actuarial loss recognition over the next few years will remain at an amount near that to be recognized in 2013 before it begins to gradually decline. The weighted average amortization period for our U.S. pension plans is approximately 13 years. For further information on pensions and other postretirement benefits, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 16, Pension, Other Postretirement Benefits and Savings Plans. 24 LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES OVERVIEW Our primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from our operating and financing activities. Our cash flows from operating activities are driven primarily by our operating results and changes in our working capital requirements and our cash flows from financing activities are dependent upon our ability to access credit or other capital. We experienced weak industry conditions in 2012 as the economic recovery in developed markets was impacted by uncertainty surrounding debt and other fiscal policy issues in Europe and the United States and continued high levels of unemployment, which had a negative impact on overall economic conditions. At December 31, 2012, we had solid liquidity, with approximately $5.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents and unused availability under our credit facilities. In 2012, we have taken significant steps to improve our capital structure through the following actions: • Issued $700 million of 7% senior notes due 2022, and used the proceeds of that note issuance to redeem all of our outstanding $650 million 10.5% senior notes due 2016; • Amended and restated our existing U.S. first lien revolving credit facility by extending the maturity from 2013 to 2017 and increasing the available commitments from $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion; and • Amended and restated our existing U.S. second lien term loan facility by extending the maturity from 2014 to 2019. For further information on the other strategic initiatives we pursued in 2012, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Overview.” At December 31, 2012, we had $2,281 million in Cash and Cash Equivalents, compared to $2,772 million at December 31, 2011. For the year ended December 31, 2012, net cash provided by operating activities was $1,038 million, primarily driven by net income of $237 million, which includes non-cash depreciation and amortization of $687 million, and an improvement in working capital of $457 million, partially offset by pension contributions of $684 million. Net cash used by investing activities was $1,123 million in 2012 and $902 million in 2011, primarily driven by capital expenditures of $1,127 million in 2012 and $1,043 million in 2011. Net cash used by financing activities was $426 million in 2012, compared to net cash provided of $994 million in 2011. Financing activities in 2012 included net debt repayments of $265 million. Financing activities in 2011 included $484 million in net proceeds from the issuance of our mandatory convertible preferred stock and net borrowings of $562 million to fund working capital needs and capital expenditures. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, we had $2,949 million and $2,544 million, respectively, of unused availability under our various credit agreements. The table below provides unused availability by our significant credit facilities as of December 31: (In millions) 2012 2011 First lien revolving credit facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . European revolving credit facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chinese credit facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pan-European accounts receivable facility due 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other domestic and international debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes payable and overdrafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,239 519 57 156 531 447 $1,093 511 188 — 410 342 $2,949 $2,544 At December 31, 2012, our unused availability included $57 million that can only be used to finance the relocation and expansion of our manufacturing facility in China. 25 We have deposited our cash and cash equivalents and entered into various credit agreements and derivative contracts with financial institutions that we considered to be substantial and creditworthy at the time of such transactions. We seek to control our exposure to these financial institutions by diversifying our deposits, credit agreements and derivative contracts across multiple financial institutions, by setting deposit and counterparty credit limits based on long term credit ratings and other indicators of credit risk such as credit default swap spreads, and by monitoring the financial strength of these financial institutions on a regular basis. We also enter into master netting agreements with counterparties when possible. By controlling and monitoring exposure to financial loss due to nonperformance by a financial institution. However, we cannot provide assurance that we will not experience losses or delays in accessing our deposits or lines of credit due to the nonperformance of a financial institution. Our inability to access our cash deposits or make draws on our lines of credit, or the inability of a counterparty to fulfill its contractual obligations to us, could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial position or results of operations in the period in which it occurs. institutions in this manner, we believe that we effectively manage the risk of In 2013, we expect our operating needs to include global contributions to our funded pension plans of approximately $275 million to $325 million and our investing needs to include capital expenditures of approximately $1.0 billion to $1.2 billion. We also expect interest expense to range between $365 million and $390 million and, when and if future dividends are declared, dividends on our mandatory convertible preferred stock to be $29 million. We intend to operate the business in a way that allows us to address these needs with our existing cash and available credit if they cannot be funded by cash generated from operations. The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (the “MAP-21 Act”) was signed into law on July 6, 2012 and contains provisions that stabilize the interest rates used to calculate required pension contributions in the United States. Current historically low interest rates have resulted in significant increases to required pension contributions. The funding stabilization provisions of the MAP-21 Act are expected to reduce our total U.S. minimum required pension contributions by approximately $400 million to $450 million in the aggregate over the next five years, with the greatest benefit coming in 2013 and 2014. We currently estimate that we will be required to make contributions to our funded U.S. pension plans of approximately $175 million to $200 million in 2013 and $375 million to $425 million in 2014. For additional information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Commitments and Contingent Liabilities.” SRI has certain minority exit rights that, if triggered and exercised, could require us to make a substantial payment to acquire SRI’s interests in GDTE and GDTNA following the determination of the fair value of SRI’s interests. As of the date of this filing, SRI has not provided us notice of any exit rights that have become exercisable. Our ability to service debt and operational requirements is also dependent, in part, on the ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions of cash to various other entities in our consolidated group, whether in the form of dividends, loans or otherwise. In certain countries where we operate, such as China, Venezuela and South Africa, transfers of funds into or out of such countries by way of dividends, loans, advances or payments to third- party or affiliated suppliers are generally or periodically subject to certain requirements, such as obtaining approval from the foreign government and/or currency exchange board before net assets can be transferred out of the country. In addition, certain of our credit agreements and other debt instruments limit the ability of foreign subsidiaries to make distributions of cash. Thus, we would have to repay and/or amend these credit agreements and other debt instruments in order to use this cash to service our consolidated debt. Because of the inherent uncertainty of satisfactorily meeting these requirements or limitations, we do not consider the net assets of our subsidiaries, to such requirements or limitations to be integral to our liquidity or our ability to service our debt and operational requirements. At December 31, 2012, approximately $660 million of net assets, including $561 million of cash and cash equivalents, were subject to such requirements, including $398 million of cash in Venezuela. The requirements we must comply with to transfer funds out of China and South Africa have not adversely impacted our ability to make transfers out of those countries. including our Chinese, Venezuelan and South African subsidiaries, that are subject 26 Effective January 1, 2010, Venezuela’s economy was considered to be highly inflationary under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles since it experienced a rate of general inflation in excess of 100% over the latest three year period, based upon the blended Consumer Price Index and National Consumer Price Index. Accordingly, the U.S. dollar was determined to be the functional currency of our Venezuelan subsidiary. All gains and losses resulting from the remeasurement of its financial statements since January 1, 2010 were determined using official exchange rates and are reported in Other Expense. Venezuela remained a highly inflationary economy for U.S. GAAP purposes during 2012. On February 8, 2013, the Venezuelan government announced the devaluation of its currency, the bolivar fuerte, effective February 13, 2013. The announcement indicated that the official exchange rate would be changed from 4.3 bolivares fuertes to each U.S. dollar to 6.3 bolivares fuertes to each U.S. dollar. As a result, we expect to record a charge in the first quarter of 2013 in connection with the remeasurement of our balance sheet to reflect the devaluation. If calculated at the announced official exchange rate of 6.3, the charge is expected to be approximately $100 million, net of tax. As the announcement provided limited details, we are not able to fully assess the effect of the changes on our future results of operations. Further information will be available on February 13, 2013 when the government is expected to publish the decree in the Official Gazette. If in the future we convert bolivares fuertes at a rate other than the official exchange rate or the official exchange rate is revised, we may realize additional losses that would be recorded in the Statement of Operations. At December 31, 2012, we had bolivar fuerte denominated monetary assets of $446 million, which consisted primarily of $398 million of cash, $22 million of deferred tax assets and $10 million of accounts receivable, and bolivar fuerte denominated monetary liabilities of $202 million which consisted primarily of $112 million of intercompany payables, including $59 million of dividends, $37 million of accounts payable — trade, $24 million of long term benefits, $10 million of compensation and benefits and $4 million of income taxes payable. At December 31, 2011, we had bolivar fuerte denominated monetary assets of $317 million, which consisted primarily of $291 million of cash, $18 million of deferred tax assets and $8 million of accounts receivable, and bolivar fuerte denominated monetary liabilities of $152 million which consisted primarily of $92 million of intercompany payables, including $59 million of dividends, $24 million of accounts payable — trade, $15 million of compensation and benefits and $14 million of income taxes payable. All monetary assets and liabilities were remeasured at 4.3 bolivares fuertes to the U.S. dollar at December 31, 2012 and 2011. Goodyear Venezuela’s sales were 1.9% and 1.5% of our net sales for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Goodyear Venezuela’s cost of goods sold was 1.6% and 1.2% of our cost of goods sold for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Goodyear Venezuela’s sales are bolivar fuerte denominated and cost of goods sold are approximately 58% bolivar fuerte denominated and approximately 42% U.S. dollar-denominated. A further 10% decrease in the 4.3 bolivar fuerte to U.S. dollar exchange rate would decrease Goodyear Venezuela’s sales and cost of goods sold by approximately $37 million and approximately $16 million, respectively, on an annual basis, before any potential offsetting actions. During the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, Goodyear Venezuela settled $69 million and $11 million of U.S. dollar-denominated intercompany payables and accounts payable — trade, respectively, through the Venezuelan currency exchange board. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, substantially all of those payables were settled at the official exchange rate of 4.3 bolivares fuertes to the U.S. dollar. At December 31, 2012, settlements of U.S. dollar-denominated liabilities pending before the currency exchange board were $222 million. Due to the government’s recent announcement of the devaluation of the bolivar fuerte and lack of a published decree, we are not currently able to determine the exchange rate at which these transactions will settle. At December 31, 2012, $46 million of the requested settlements were pending up to 180 days, $76 million were pending from 180 to 360 days and $100 million were pending over one year. Amounts pending up to 180 days include imported tires and raw materials of $46 million, amounts pending from 180 to 360 days include imported tires and raw materials of $76 million, and amounts pending over one year include dividends payable of $59 million, intercompany charges for royalties of $17 million, and imported tires of $10 million. Currency exchange controls in Venezuela continue to limit our ability to remit funds from Venezuela. Goodyear Venezuela contributed a significant portion of Latin American Tire’s sales and operating income in 2012 and 2011. We continue to face operational challenges in Venezuela, including inflationary cost pressures, 27 high absenteeism, and difficulties importing raw materials and finished goods. In response to conditions in Venezuela, we continue to evaluate the need to adjust prices for our products while remaining competitive and have taken steps to address our operational challenges, including securing necessary approvals for import licenses and increasing the local production of certain tires. Our pricing policies take into account factors such as fluctuations in raw material and other production costs, market demand and adherence to government price controls. We believe that our liquidity position is adequate to fund our operating and investing needs and debt maturities in 2013 and to provide us with flexibility to respond to further changes in the business environment. If market opportunities exist, we may choose to undertake additional financing actions in order to further enhance our liquidity position, which could include obtaining new bank debt or capital markets transactions. However, the challenges we face may cause a material reduction in our liquidity as a result of an adverse change in our cash flow from operations or our access to credit or other capital. Cash Position At December 31, 2012, significant concentrations of cash and cash equivalents held by our international subsidiaries included the following amounts: • $418 million or 18% in Europe, Middle East and Africa, primarily Belgium and Poland ($793 million or 29% at December 31, 2011), • $370 million or 16% in Asia, primarily China, Australia and India ($430 million or 16% at December 31, 2011), and • $622 million or 27% in Latin America, primarily Venezuela and Brazil ($527 million or 19% at December 31, 2011). Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities was $1,038 million in 2012, compared to $773 million in 2011 and $924 million in 2010. Operating cash flows in 2012 were favorably impacted by improvements in working capital as compared to 2011 and 2010. Net cash provided by working capital was $457 million in 2012, compared to net cash used of $650 million and net cash provided of $52 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively. The improvement in working capital in 2012 was due primarily to reduced sales and production volumes and lower raw material costs. Operating cash flows in 2012 were unfavorably impacted by increased pension contributions of $390 million and the decrease in earnings compared to 2011. Investing Activities Net cash used in investing activities was $1,123 million in 2012, compared to $902 million in 2011 and $859 million in 2010. Capital expenditures were $1,127 million in 2012, compared to $1,043 million in 2011 and $944 million in 2010. Beyond expenditures required to sustain our facilities, capital expenditures in 2012 included the continued expansion of manufacturing capacity in China and Chile. Investing cash flows in 2012 declined from the 2011 period, as the 2011 period included cash inflows of $95 million from government grants related to the relocation and expansion of our manufacturing facility in China. Proceeds from asset sales were $16 million in 2012, compared to $76 million in 2011 and $70 million in 2010. Asset sales in 2011 primarily related to the sale of the farm tire business in Latin American Tire and in 2010 primarily related to the sale of a closed manufacturing facility in Asia Pacific Tire. Financing Activities Net cash used by financing activities was $426 million in 2012, compared to net cash provided of $994 million in 2011 and $179 million in 2010. Financing activities in 2012 included net debt repayments of $265 million. Financing activities in 2011 included $484 million in net proceeds from the issuance of our mandatory convertible preferred stock and net borrowings of $562 million to fund working capital needs and capital expenditures. 28 Credit Sources In aggregate, we had total credit arrangements of $8,387 million available at December 31, 2012, of which $2,949 million were unused, compared to $8,129 million available at December 31, 2011, of which $2,544 million were unused. At December 31, 2012, we had long term credit arrangements totaling $7,837 million, of which $2,501 million were unused, compared to $7,531 million and $2,202 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011. At December 31, 2012, we had short term committed and uncommitted credit arrangements totaling $550 million, of which $448 million were unused, compared to $598 million and $342 million, respectively, at December 31, 2011. The continued availability of the short term uncommitted arrangements is at the discretion of the relevant lender and may be terminated at any time. See the Note to Consolidated Financial Statements, No. 14, Financing Arrangements and Derivative Financial Instruments for a discussion of the issuance of our $700 million 7% senior notes due 2022, the redemption of our $650 million 10.5% senior notes due 2016, and the amendments to our first lien revolving credit facility and our second lien term loan facility. Outstanding Notes At December 31, 2012, we had $2,440 million of outstanding notes, compared to $2,362 million at December 31, information on our outstanding notes, refer to the Note to Consolidated Financial 2011. For additional Statements, No. 14, Financing Arrangements and Derivative Financial Instruments. $2.0 Billion Amended and Restated First Lien Revolving Credit Facility due 2017 On April 19, 2012, we amended and restated our U.S. first lien revolving credit facility. Significant changes to that facility include the extension of the maturity to April 30, 2017 and an increase of the available commitments from $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion. Our amended and restated $2.0 billion first lien revolving credit facility is available in the form of loans or letters of credit, with letter of credit availability limited to $800 million. Subject to the consent of the lenders whose commitments are to be increased, we may request that the facility be increased by up to $250 million. Our obligations under the facility are guaranteed by most of our wholly-owned U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries. Our obligations under this facility and our subsidiaries’ obligations under the related guarantees are secured by first priority security interests in a variety of collateral. Availability under the facility is subject to a borrowing base, which is based on eligible accounts receivable and inventory of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company and certain of its U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries, after adjusting for customary factors that are subject to modification from time to time by the administrative agent or the majority lenders at their discretion (not to be exercised unreasonably). Modifications are based on the results of periodic collateral and borrowing base evaluations and appraisals. To the extent that our eligible accounts receivable and inventory decline, our borrowing base will decrease and the availability under the facility may decrease below $2.0 billion. In addition, if the amount of outstanding borrowings and letters of credit under the facility exceeds the borrowing base, we are required to prepay borrowings and/or cash collateralize letters of credit sufficient to eliminate the excess. As of December 31, 2012, our borrowing base, and therefore our availability, under the amended and restated facility was $361 million below the facility’s stated amount of $2.0 billion. At December 31, 2012, we had no borrowings outstanding and $400 million of letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility. At December 31, 2011, we had no borrowings outstanding and $407 million of letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility. $1.2 Billion Amended and Restated Second Lien Term Loan Facility due 2019 On April 19, 2012, we also amended and restated our U.S. second lien term loan facility, including the extension of the maturity to April 30, 2019. Our obligations under this facility are guaranteed by most of our wholly-owned U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries and are secured by second priority security interests in the same collateral securing the $2.0 billion first lien revolving credit facility. Subject to the consent of the lenders making additional term loans, we may request that the facility be increased by up to $300 million. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, this facility was fully drawn. 29 €400 Million Amended and Restated Senior Secured European Revolving Credit Facility due 2016 Our amended and restated €400 million revolving credit facility consists of a €100 million German tranche that is available only to Goodyear Dunlop Tires Germany GmbH (the “German borrower”) and a €300 million all- borrower tranche that is available to GDTE, the German borrower and certain of GDTE’s other subsidiaries. Up to €50 million in letters of credit are available for issuance under the all-borrower tranche. GDTE and certain of its subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Luxembourg, France and Germany provide guarantees to support the facility. GDTE’s obligations under the facility and the obligations of its subsidiaries under the related guarantees are secured by security interests in a variety of collateral. Goodyear and its U.S. subsidiaries and primary Canadian subsidiary that guarantee our U.S. senior secured credit facilities also provide unsecured guarantees to support the facility. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no borrowings under the European revolving credit facility. Letters of credit issued under the all-borrower tranche totaled $10 million (€7 million) as of December 31, 2012 and $8 million (€6 million) as of December 31, 2011. Each of our first lien revolving credit facility and our European revolving credit facility have customary representations and warranties including, as a condition to borrowing, that all such representations and warranties are true and correct, in all material respects, on the date of the borrowing, including representations as to no material adverse change in our financial condition since December 31, 2011 under the first lien facility and December 31, 2010 under the European facility. Each of the facilities described above have customary defaults, including cross-defaults to material indebtedness of Goodyear and our subsidiaries. For a description of the collateral securing the above facilities as well as the covenants applicable to them, please refer to “Covenant Compliance” below and the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 14, Financing Arrangements and Derivative Financial Instruments. International Accounts Receivable Securitization Facilities (On-Balance Sheet) GDTE and certain of its subsidiaries are parties to a pan-European accounts receivable securitization facility that provides up to €450 million of funding and expires in 2015. Utilization under this facility is based on current available receivable balances. The facility is subject to the customary renewal of its back-up liquidity commitments. On October 18, 2012, the back-up liquidity commitments were renewed for a two-year period. The facility involves an ongoing daily sale of substantially all of the trade accounts receivable of certain GDTE subsidiaries to a bankruptcy-remote French company controlled by one of the liquidity banks in the facility. These subsidiaries retain servicing responsibilities. At December 31, 2012, the amounts available and utilized under this program totaled $348 million (€264 million) and $192 million (€145 million), respectively. At December 31, 2011, the amount available and fully utilized under this program totaled $393 million (€303 million). The program did not qualify for sale accounting, and accordingly, these amounts are included in Long Term Debt and Capital Leases. In addition to the pan-European accounts receivable securitization facility discussed above, subsidiaries in Australia have an accounts receivable securitization program. At December 31, 2012, the amounts available and utilized under this program were $99 million and $40 million, respectively. At December 31, 2011, the amount available and fully utilized under this program totaled $75 million. The receivables sold under this program also serve as collateral for the related facility. We retain the risk of loss related to these receivables in the event of non-payment. These amounts are included in Long Term Debt and Capital Leases Due Within One Year at December 31, 2012 and Notes Payable and Overdrafts at December 31, 2011. Accounts Receivable Factoring Facilities (Off-Balance Sheet) Various subsidiaries sold certain of their trade receivables under off-balance sheet programs during 2012 and 2011. For these programs, we have concluded that there is generally no risk of loss to us from non-payment of the sold receivables. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the gross amount of receivables sold was $243 million and $190 million, respectively. 30 Other Foreign Credit Facilities Our Chinese subsidiary has several financing arrangements in China. At December 31, 2012, these non-revolving credit facilities had total unused availability of 360 million renminbi ($57 million) and can only be used to finance the relocation and expansion of our manufacturing facility in China. There were $471 million and $389 million of borrowings outstanding under these facilities at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The facilities ultimately mature in 2020 and principal amortization begins in 2015. The facilities contain covenants relating to our Chinese subsidiary and have customary representations and warranties and defaults relating to our Chinese subsidiary’s ability to perform its obligations under the facilities. At December 31, 2012, there was no restricted cash related to funds obtained under these credit facilities. At December 31, 2011, restricted cash of $9 million was related to funds obtained under these credit facilities. Vendor Financing We have entered into payment processing agreements with several financial institutions. Under these agreements, the financial institution acts as our paying agent with respect to accounts payable due to our suppliers. These agreements also allow our suppliers to sell their receivables to the financial institutions at the sole discretion of both the supplier and the financial institution on terms that are negotiated between them. We are not notified when our suppliers sell receivables under this program. Our obligations to our suppliers, including the amounts due and scheduled payment dates, are not impacted by our suppliers’ decisions to sell their receivables under the program. At December 31, 2012, agreements for such vendor financing programs totaled approximately $400 million as compared to approximately $240 million at December 31, 2011. Covenant Compliance Our amended and restated first lien revolving and second lien credit facilities and some of the indentures governing our notes contain certain covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to incur additional debt or issue redeemable preferred stock, pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments or investments, incur liens, sell assets, incur restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, enter into affiliate transactions, engage in sale and leaseback transactions, and consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. These covenants are subject to significant exceptions and qualifications. We have additional financial covenants in our first lien revolving and second lien credit facilities that are currently not applicable. We only become subject to these financial covenants when certain events occur. These financial covenants and related events are as follows: • We become subject to the financial covenant contained in our first lien revolving credit facility when the aggregate amount of our Parent Company (The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company) and guarantor subsidiaries cash and cash equivalents (“Available Cash”) plus our availability under our first lien revolving credit facility is less than $200 million. If this were to occur, our ratio of EBITDA to Consolidated Interest Expense may not be less than 2.0 to 1.0 for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters. As of December 31, 2012, our availability under this facility of $1,239 million, plus our Available Cash of $870 million, totaled $2.1 billion, which is in excess of $200 million. • We become subject to a covenant contained in our second lien credit facility upon certain asset sales. The covenant provides that, before we use cash proceeds from certain asset sales to repay any junior lien, senior unsecured or subordinated indebtedness, we must first offer to use such cash proceeds to prepay borrowings under the second lien credit facility unless our ratio of Consolidated Net Secured Indebtedness to EBITDA (Pro Forma Senior Secured Leverage Ratio) for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters is equal to or less than 3.0 to 1.0. In addition, our amended and restated European revolving credit facility contains non-financial covenants similar to the non-financial covenants in our first and second lien credit facilities that are described above and a financial covenant applicable only to GDTE and its subsidiaries. This financial covenant provides that we are not permitted to allow GDTE’s ratio of Consolidated Net J.V. Indebtedness to Consolidated European J.V. EBITDA for a period of four consecutive fiscal quarters to be greater than 3.0 to 1.0 at the end of any fiscal quarter. 31 Consolidated Net J.V. Indebtedness is determined net of the sum of cash and cash equivalents in excess of $100 million held by GDTE and its subsidiaries, cash and cash equivalents in excess of $150 million held by the Parent Company and its U.S. subsidiaries and availability under our first lien revolving credit facility if the ratio of EBITDA to Consolidated Interest Expense described above is not applicable and the conditions to borrowing under the first lien revolving credit facility are met. Consolidated Net J.V. Indebtedness also excludes loans from other consolidated Goodyear entities. This financial covenant is also included in our pan-European accounts receivable securitization facility. At December 31, 2012, we were in compliance with this financial covenant. Our amended and restated credit facilities also state that we may only incur additional debt or make restricted payments that are not otherwise expressly permitted if, after giving effect to the debt incurrence or the restricted payment, our ratio of EBITDA to Consolidated Interest Expense for the prior four fiscal quarters would exceed 2.0 to 1.0. Certain of our senior note indentures have substantially similar limitations on incurring debt and making restricted payments. Our credit facilities and indentures also permit the incurrence of additional debt through other provisions in those agreements without regard to our ability to satisfy the ratio-based incurrence test described above. We believe that these other provisions provide us with sufficient flexibility to incur additional debt necessary to meet our operating, investing and financing needs without regard to our ability to satisfy the ratio-based incurrence test. There are no known future changes to, or new covenants in, any of our existing debt obligations other than as described above. Covenants could change based upon a refinancing or amendment of an existing facility, or additional covenants may be added in connection with the incurrence of new debt. As of December 31, 2012, we were in compliance with the currently applicable material covenants imposed by our principal credit facilities and indentures. The terms “Available Cash,” “EBITDA,” “Consolidated Interest Expense,” “Consolidated Net Secured Indebtedness,” “Pro Forma Senior Secured Leverage Ratio,” “Consolidated Net J.V. Indebtedness” and “Consolidated European J.V. EBITDA” have the meanings given them in the respective credit facilities. Potential Future Financings In addition to our previous financing activities, we may seek to undertake additional financing actions which could include restructuring bank debt or capital markets transactions, possibly including the issuance of additional debt or equity. Given the challenges that we face and the uncertainties of the market conditions, access to the capital markets cannot be assured. Our future liquidity requirements may make it necessary for us to incur additional debt. However, a substantial portion of our assets are already subject to liens securing our indebtedness. As a result, we are limited in our ability to pledge our remaining assets as security for additional secured indebtedness. In addition, no assurance can be given as to our ability to raise additional unsecured debt. Dividends Under our primary credit facilities we are permitted to pay dividends on our common stock as long as no default will have occurred and be continuing, additional indebtedness can be incurred under the credit facilities following the payment, and certain financial tests are satisfied. So long as any of our mandatory convertible preferred stock is outstanding, no dividend, except a dividend payable in shares of our common stock, or other shares ranking junior to the mandatory convertible preferred stock, may be paid or declared or any distribution be made on shares of our common stock unless all accrued and unpaid dividends on the then outstanding mandatory convertible preferred stock payable on all dividend payment dates occurring on or prior to the date of such action have been declared and paid or sufficient funds have been set aside for that payment. Asset Dispositions The restrictions on asset sales imposed by our material indebtedness have not affected our strategy of divesting non-core businesses, and those divestitures have not affected our ability to comply with those restrictions. 32 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES Contractual Obligations The following table presents our contractual obligations and commitments to make future payments as of December 31, 2012: (In millions) Total 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Beyond 2017 Payment Due by Period as of December 31, 2012 Debt Obligations(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital Lease Obligations(2) . . . . . . . . . . . Interest Payments(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Leases(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension Benefits(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Postretirement Benefits(6) . . . . . . . . Workers’ Compensation(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . Binding Commitments(8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uncertain Income Tax Positions(9) . . . . . . $ 5,028 58 2,451 1,422 2,290 335 397 5,007 44 $ 184 14 343 322 338 41 57 2,698 13 $ 55 12 335 249 563 36 60 998 15 $ 284 9 327 197 463 35 36 834 11 $ 317 6 310 155 463 34 27 243 1 $ 262 5 247 117 463 33 21 132 1 $3,926 12 889 382 NA 156 196 102 3 $17,032 $4,010 $2,323 $2,196 $1,556 $1,281 $5,666 (1) Debt obligations include Notes Payable and Overdrafts. (2) The minimum lease payments for capital lease obligations are $82 million. (3) These amounts represent future interest payments related to our existing debt obligations and capital leases based on fixed and variable interest rates specified in the associated debt and lease agreements. The amounts provided relate only to existing debt obligations and do not assume the refinancing or replacement of such debt. (4) Operating lease obligations have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $42 million, $33 million, $25 million, $17 million, $9 million and $5 million in each of the periods above, respectively, for a total of $131 million. Payments, net of minimum sublease rentals, total $1,291 million. The present value of the net operating lease payments is $1,000 million. The operating leases relate to, among other things, real estate, vehicles, data processing equipment and miscellaneous other assets. No asset is leased from any related party. (5) The obligation related to pension benefits is actuarially determined and is reflective of obligations as of December 31, 2012. Although subject to change, the amounts set forth in the table represent the midpoint of the range of our estimated minimum funding requirements for U.S. defined benefit pension plans under current ERISA law and the midpoint of the range of our expected contributions to our funded non-U.S. pension plans, plus expected cash funding of direct participant payments to our U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans. The expected contributions for our U.S. plans are based upon a number of assumptions, including: • • Projected Target Liability interest rate of 6.13% for 2013, 5.55% for 2014, 5.03% for 2015, 4.55% for 2016 and 4.41% for 2017, and plan asset returns of 8.5% for 2013 and beyond. Future contributions are also affected by other factors such as: • • • future interest rate levels, the amount and timing of asset returns, and how contributions in excess of the minimum requirements could impact the amount and timing of future contributions. 33 (6) The payments presented above are expected payments for the next 10 years. The payments for other postretirement benefits reflect the estimated benefit payments of the plans using the provisions currently in effect. Under the relevant summary plan descriptions or plan documents we have the right to modify or terminate the plans. The obligation related to other postretirement benefits is actuarially determined on an annual basis. The estimated payments have been reduced to reflect the provisions of the Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003. (7) The payments for workers’ compensation obligations are based upon recent historical payment patterns on claims. The present value of anticipated claims payments for workers’ compensation is $307 million. (8) Binding commitments are for raw materials, capital expenditures, utilities, and various other types of contracts. The obligations to purchase raw materials include supply contracts at both fixed and variable prices. Those with variable prices are based on index rates for those commodities at December 31, 2012. (9) These amounts primarily represent expected payments with interest for uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2012. We have reflected them in the period in which we believe they will be ultimately settled based upon our experience with these matters. Additional other long term liabilities include items such as general and product liabilities, environmental liabilities and miscellaneous other long term liabilities. These other liabilities are not contractual obligations by nature. We cannot, with any degree of reliability, determine the years in which these liabilities might ultimately be settled. Accordingly, these other long term liabilities are not included in the above table. In addition, the following contingent contractual obligations, the amounts of which cannot be estimated, are not included in the table above: • The terms and conditions of our global alliance with SRI, as set forth in the global alliance agreements between SRI and us, provide for certain minority exit rights available to SRI upon the occurrence of certain events enumerated in the global alliance agreements, including certain bankruptcy events, changes in our control or breaches of the global alliance agreements. SRI’s exit rights, in the event of the occurrence of a triggering event and the subsequent exercise of SRI’s exit rights, could require us to make a substantial payment to acquire SRI’s minority interests in GDTE and GDTNA following the determination of the fair value of SRI’s interests. • Pursuant to certain long term agreements, we will purchase varying amounts of certain raw materials and finished goods at agreed upon base prices that may be subject to periodic adjustments for changes in raw material costs and market price adjustments, or in quantities that may be subject to periodic adjustments for changes in our or our suppliers production levels. We do not engage in the trading of commodity contracts or any related derivative contracts. We generally purchase raw materials and energy through short term, intermediate and long term supply contracts at fixed prices or at formula prices related to market prices or negotiated prices. We may, however, from time to time, enter into contracts to hedge our energy costs. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements An off-balance sheet arrangement is any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement involving an unconsolidated entity under which a company has: • made guarantees, • retained or held a contingent interest in transferred assets, • undertaken an obligation under certain derivative instruments, or • undertaken any obligation arising out of a material variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to the company, or that engages in leasing, hedging or research and development arrangements with the company. 34 We have entered into certain arrangements under which we have provided guarantees that are off-balance sheet arrangements. Those guarantees totaled approximately $45 million at December 31, 2012 and expire at various times through 2023. For further information about our guarantees, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 18, Commitments and Contingent Liabilities. FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION — SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT Certain information in this Annual Report (other than historical data and information) may constitute forward- looking statements regarding events and trends that may affect our future operating results and financial position. The words “estimate,” “expect,” “intend” and “project,” as well as other words or expressions of similar meaning, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. Such statements are based on current expectations and assumptions, are inherently uncertain, are subject to risks and should be viewed with caution. Actual results and experience may differ materially from the forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including: • if we do not successfully implement our strategic initiatives, our operating results, financial condition and liquidity may be materially adversely affected; • our pension plans are significantly underfunded and further increases in the underfunded status of the plans could significantly increase the amount of our required contributions and pension expense; • we face significant global competition, increasingly from lower cost manufacturers, and our market share could decline; • deteriorating economic conditions in any of our major markets, or an inability to access capital markets or third-party financing when necessary, may materially adversely affect our operating results, financial condition and liquidity; • higher raw material and energy costs may materially adversely affect our operating results and financial condition; • if we experience a labor strike, work stoppage or other similar event our financial position, results of operations and liquidity could be materially adversely affected; • work stoppages, financial difficulties or supply disruptions at our major OE customers, dealers or suppliers could harm our business; • our capital expenditures may not be adequate to maintain our competitive position and may not be implemented in a timely or cost-effective manner; • our long term ability to meet current obligations, to repay maturing indebtedness or to implement strategic initiatives is dependent on our ability to access capital markets in the future and to improve our operating results; • we have a substantial amount of debt, which could restrict our growth, place us at a competitive disadvantage or otherwise materially adversely affect our financial health; • any failure to be in compliance with any material provision or covenant of our secured credit facilities could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and our results of operations; • our international operations have certain risks that may materially adversely affect our operating results; • we have foreign currency translation and transaction risks that may materially adversely affect our operating results, financial condition and liquidity; • our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly; • we have substantial fixed costs and, as a result, our operating income fluctuates disproportionately with changes in our net sales; • we may incur significant costs in connection with our contingent liabilities and tax matters; 35 • our reserves for contingent to various uncertainties, the outcome of which may result in our actual costs being significantly higher than the amounts recorded; recorded insurance assets are subject liabilities and our • we may be required to provide letters of credit or post cash collateral if we are subject to a significant adverse judgment or if we are unable to obtain surety bonds, which may have a material adverse effect on our liquidity; • we are subject to extensive government regulations that may materially adversely affect our operating results; • the terms and conditions of our global alliance with SRI provide for certain exit rights available to SRI upon the occurrence of certain events, which could require us to make a substantial payment to acquire SRI’s minority interests in GDTE and GDTNA following the determination of the fair value of those interests; • we may be adversely affected by any disruption in, or failure of, our information technology systems; • if we are unable to attract and retain key personnel, our business could be materially adversely affected; and • we may be impacted by economic and supply disruptions associated with events beyond our control, such as war, acts of terror, political unrest, public health concerns, labor disputes or natural disasters. It is not possible to foresee or identify all such factors. We will not revise or update any forward-looking statement or disclose any facts, events or circumstances that occur after the date hereof that may affect the accuracy of any forward-looking statement. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK. We utilize derivative financial instrument contracts and nonderivative instruments to manage interest rate, foreign exchange and commodity price risks. We have established a control environment that includes policies and procedures for risk assessment and the approval, reporting and monitoring of derivative financial instrument activities. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. Commodity Price Risk The raw materials costs to which our operations are principally exposed include the cost of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, carbon black, fabrics, steel cord and other petrochemical-based commodities. Approximately two-thirds of our raw materials are oil-based derivatives, the cost of which may be affected by fluctuations in the price of oil. We currently do not hedge commodity prices. We do, however, use various strategies to partially offset cost increases for raw materials, including centralizing purchases of raw materials through our global procurement organization in an effort to leverage our purchasing power, expanding our capabilities to substitute lower-cost raw materials and reducing the amount of natural rubber required in each tire. Interest Rate Risk We continuously monitor our fixed and floating rate debt mix. Within defined limitations, we manage the mix using refinancing. At December 31, 2012, 38% of our debt was at variable interest rates averaging 5.50% compared to 43% at an average rate of 4.36% at December 31, 2011. The following table presents information about December 31: (In millions) long term fixed rate debt, excluding capital leases, at 2012 2011 Carrying amount — liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value — liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pro forma fair value — liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,128 3,378 3,475 $2,843 2,891 2,993 36 The pro forma information assumes a 100 basis point decrease in market interest rates at December 31 of each year, and reflects the estimated fair value of fixed rate debt outstanding at that date under that assumption. The sensitivity of our fixed rate debt to changes in interest rates was determined using current market pricing models. Foreign Currency Exchange Risk We will enter into foreign currency contracts in order to manage the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on our consolidated results of operations and future foreign currency-denominated cash flows. These contracts reduce exposure to currency movements affecting existing foreign currency-denominated assets, liabilities, firm commitments and forecasted transactions resulting primarily from trade purchases and sales, equipment acquisitions, intercompany loans and royalty agreements. Contracts hedging short term trade receivables and payables normally have no hedging designation. The following table presents foreign currency derivative information at December 31: (In millions) 2012 2011 Fair value — asset (liability) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pro forma decrease in fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contract maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(27) (125) 1/13 - 12/13 $31 (117) 1/12 - 10/19 The pro forma decrease in fair value assumes a 10% adverse change in underlying foreign exchange rates at December 31 of each year, and reflects the estimated change in the fair value of positions outstanding at that date under that assumption. The sensitivity of our foreign currency positions to changes in exchange rates was determined using current market pricing models. Fair values are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31 as follows: (In millions) Asset (liability): 2012 2011 Accounts Receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Current Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Long Term Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2 (29) — $37 (5) (1) For further information on foreign currency contracts, refer to the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 14, Financing Arrangements and Derivative Financial Instruments. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources” for a discussion of our management of counterparty risk. 37 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In millions, except per share amounts) Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of Goods Sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selling, Administrative and General Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rationalizations (Note 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest Expense (Note 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Expense (Note 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20,992 17,163 2,718 175 357 139 $22,767 18,821 2,822 103 330 73 $18,832 15,452 2,630 240 316 186 Income before Income Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United States and Foreign Taxes (Note 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Minority Shareholders’ Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodyear Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Preferred Stock Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440 203 237 25 212 29 618 201 417 74 343 22 8 172 (164) 52 (216) — Goodyear Net Income (Loss) available to Common Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . $ 183 $ 321 $ (216) Goodyear Net Income (Loss) available to Common Shareholders — Per Share of Common Stock Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 0.75 $ 1.32 $ (0.89) Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Note 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Weighted Average Shares Outstanding (Note 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 0.74 247 $ 244 1.26 271 242 $ (0.89) 242 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 38 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (In millions) Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Comprehensive Income (Loss): Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 $ 237 $ 417 $(164) Foreign currency translation (net of tax of $0 in 2012, $0 in 2011 and $1 in 2010) Defined benefit plans: . . . 83 (186) 16 Amortization of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses included in total benefit cost (net of tax of $9 in 2012, $8 in 2011 and $6 in 2010) . . . . . . . . . 209 162 167 Increase in net actuarial losses (net of tax benefit of $54 in 2012, $26 in 2011 and $23 in 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (979) (769) (167) Immediate recognition of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses due to curtailments, settlements, and divestitures (net of tax of $1 in 2012, $1 in 2011 and $4 in 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior service credit (cost) from plan amendments (net of tax of $3 in 2012, $0 in 2011 and $0 in 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred derivative gains (losses) (net of tax of $0 in 2012, $1 in 2011 and $0 in 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reclassification adjustment for amounts recognized in income (net of tax benefit of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized investment gains (net of tax of $0 in all periods) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3 in 2012, tax of $2 in 2011 and $0 in 2010) 11 73 (5) (11) — 18 — 4 8 5 Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (619) (758) 60 (1) (2) — 6 79 Comprehensive Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Minority Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . (382) (20) (341) 37 (85) 29 Goodyear Comprehensive Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(362) $(378) $(114) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 39 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In millions, except share data) Assets Current Assets: December 31, 2012 2011 Cash and Cash Equivalents (Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts Receivable (Note 8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories (Note 9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,281 2,563 3,250 404 $ 2,772 2,849 3,856 335 Total Current Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill (Note 10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intangible Assets (Note 10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred Income Taxes (Note 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Assets (Note 11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, Plant and Equipment (Note 12) 8,498 664 140 186 529 6,956 9,812 654 157 145 486 6,375 Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $16,973 $17,629 Liabilities Current Liabilities: Accounts Payable-Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compensation and Benefits (Notes 16 and 17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Current Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes Payable and Overdrafts (Note 14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Debt and Capital Leases due Within One Year (Note 14) $ 3,223 719 1,182 102 96 $ 3,668 799 1,050 256 156 Total Current Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Debt and Capital Leases (Note 14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compensation and Benefits (Notes 16 and 17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred and Other Noncurrent Income Taxes (Note 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Long Term Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,322 4,888 4,340 264 1,000 5,929 4,789 4,002 244 1,041 Total Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,814 16,005 Commitments and Contingent Liabilities (Note 18) Minority Shareholders’ Equity (Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ Equity Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity Preferred Stock, no par value: (Note 19) Authorized, 50 million shares, Outstanding shares — 10 million (10 million in 2011), 534 607 liquidation preference $50 per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 500 Common Stock, no par value: Authorized, 450 million shares, Outstanding shares — 245 million (245 million in 2011) . . . . . Capital Surplus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retained Earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Note 20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minority Shareholders’ Equity — Nonredeemable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 2,815 1,370 (4,560) 370 255 625 245 2,808 1,187 (3,991) 749 268 1,017 Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $16,973 $17,629 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 40 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Common Stock Shares Amount Capital Surplus Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity Minority Shareholders’ Equity — Non- Redeemable Total Shareholders’ Equity (Dollars in millions) Balance at December 31, 2009 (after deducting 8,687,196 common treasury shares) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,202,419 $242 $2,783 $1,082 $(3,372) $ 735 $251 $ 986 Comprehensive income (loss): Net (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency translation (net of tax of $1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses included in net periodic benefit cost (net of tax of $6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in net actuarial losses (net of tax benefit of $21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Immediate recognition of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses due to curtailments and settlements (net of tax of $4) . . . . . . . Prior service cost from plan amendments (net of tax of $0) Deferred derivative loss (net of tax of . . . . . $0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized investment gains (net of tax of $0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends declared to minority shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock-based compensation plans . . . . . . Common stock issued from treasury (Note 17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736,530 1 Balance at December 31, 2010 (after deducting 7,950,743 common (216) (216) 55 34 5 55 162 162 (178) (178) 60 (1) (2) 6 60 (1) (2) 6 102 (114) 16 7 5 39 (13) 16 6 (182) 60 162 (178) 60 (1) (2) 6 107 (75) (13) 16 7 treasury shares) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,938,949 $243 $2,805 $ 866 $(3,270) $ 644 $277 $ 921 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 41 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY — (Continued) Preferred Stock Common Stock Shares Amount Shares Amount Capital Surplus Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Loss Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity Minority Shareholders’ Equity— Non- Redeemable Total Share- holders’ Equity (Dollars in millions) Balance at December 31, 2010 (after deducting 7,950,743 common treasury shares) . . . . . — $ — 242,938,949 $243 $2,805 $ 866 $(3,270) $ 644 $277 $ 921 Comprehensive income (loss): Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency translation (net of tax of $0) . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses included in total benefit cost (net of tax of $8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in net actuarial losses (net of tax benefit of $28) . . . Immediate recognition of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses due to curtailments, settlements, and divestitures (net of tax of $1) . . . . . . . . . . Deferred derivative gain (net of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tax of $1) Reclassification adjustment for amounts recognized in income (net of tax of $2) . . . Unrealized investment gains (net of tax of $0) . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . Dividends declared to minority shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock-based compensation plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preferred stock issued (Note 19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10,000,000 500 Preferred stock dividends declared (Note 19) . . . . . . . . Common stock issued from treasury (Note 17) . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 343 39 382 (140) (140) (27) (167) 157 157 (770) (770) 18 18 3 6 5 3 6 5 157 (770) 18 3 6 5 (721) (27) (748) (378) 13 484 (22) 8 12 (20) (1) (366) (20) 13 484 (22) 8 (1) 13 (16) (22) 1,596,892 2 6 Balance at December 31, 2011 (after deducting 6,353,851 common treasury shares) . . . 10,000,000 $500 244,535,841 $245 $2,808 $1,187 $(3,991) $ 749 $268 $1,017 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 42 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY — (Continued) (Dollars in millions) Shares Amount Shares Amount Preferred Stock Common Stock Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity Minority Shareholders’ Equity — Non- Redeemable Total Share- holders’ Equity Capital Surplus Retained Earnings Balance at December 31, 2011 (after deducting 6,353,851 common treasury shares) . . . . . 10,000,000 $500 244,535,841 $245 $2,808 $1,187 $(3,991) $ 749 $268 $1,017 Purchase of subsidiary shares from minority interest . . . . . . Comprehensive income (loss): Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency translation (net of tax of $0) . . . . . . . . . (13) 212 5 51 (8) (47) (55) 212 51 35 14 Amortization of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses included in total benefit cost (net of tax of $9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in net actuarial losses (net of tax benefit of $44) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Immediate recognition of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses due to curtailments, settlements and divestitures (net of tax of $1) . . . . . . . . . Prior service credit from plan amendments (net of tax of $3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred derivative loss (net of tax of $0) . . . . . . . . . . . . Reclassification adjustment for amounts recognized in income (net of tax benefit of $3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . Dividends declared to minority shareholders . . . . . Stock-based compensation plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preferred stock dividends declared (Note 19) . . . . . . . Common stock issued from treasury (Note 17) . . . . . . . 203 203 (898) (898) 9 72 (4) (7) 9 72 (4) (7) (574) (362) 17 (29) 3 14 49 (15) 17 (29) 704,921 — 3 247 65 203 (898) 9 72 (4) (7) (560) (313) (15) 17 (29) 3 Balance at December 31, 2012 (after deducting 5,648,930 common treasury shares) . . . . 10,000,000 $500 245,240,762 $245 $2,815 $1,370 $(4,560) $ 370 $255 $ 625 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 43 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY — (Continued) The following table presents changes in Minority Equity presented outside of Shareholders’ Equity: (In millions) Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comprehensive income (loss): 2012 2011 2010 $607 $584 $593 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income (loss) Foreign currency translation (net of tax of $0 in all periods) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses included in total (10) 18 35 (19) 18 (44) benefit cost (net of tax of $0 in all periods) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Decrease (increase) in net actuarial losses (net of tax benefit of $10 in 2012, tax of $2 in 2011, and benefit of $2 in 2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 (81) Immediate recognition of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses due to curtailments and settlements (net of tax of $0 in all periods) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Prior service credit from defined benefit plan amendment (net of tax of $0 in all periods) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred derivative gain (loss) (net of tax of $0 in all periods) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reclassification adjustment for amounts recognized in income (net of tax of $0 in all periods) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends declared to minority shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 (1) (4) (69) (4) — 5 1 — — 1 2 5 11 — — — — 25 (10) (2) — 1 — Balance at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $534 $607 $584 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 44 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In millions) Cash Flows from Operating Activities: Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 237 $ 417 $ (164) Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash flows from operating activities: Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization and write-off of debt issuance costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net rationalization charges (Note 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on asset sales (Note 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension contributions and direct payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rationalization payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Venezuela currency devaluation (Note 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Customer prepayments and government grants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance proceeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of asset acquisitions and dispositions: Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts payable — trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compensation and benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets and liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687 67 175 (25) (684) (106) — 131 50 291 619 (453) 260 (24) (187) 715 34 103 (16) (294) (142) — 212 — (337) (1,009) 696 384 89 (79) Total Cash Flows from Operating Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,038 773 Cash Flows from Investing Activities: Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset dispositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government grants received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decrease (increase) in restricted cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in short term securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other transactions (Note 11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1,127) 16 2 11 (29) 4 (1,043) 76 95 (25) (4) (1) Total Cash Flows from Investing Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1,123) (902) Cash Flows from Financing Activities: 652 27 240 (73) (405) (57) 134 6 — (181) (536) 769 428 103 (19) 924 (944) 70 — (11) — 26 (859) Short term debt and overdrafts incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short term debt and overdrafts paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long term debt incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long term debt paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock (Note 19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preferred stock dividends paid (Note 19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock issued (Note 17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Transactions with minority interests in subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debt related costs and other transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Cash Flows from Financing Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of the Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 (156) 3,531 (3,717) — (29) 3 (71) (64) (426) 20 (491) 2,772 179 (138) 3,171 (2,650) 484 (15) 8 (24) (21) 994 (98) 767 2,005 85 (68) 1,750 (1,555) — — 1 (13) (21) 179 (161) 83 1,922 Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of the Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,281 $ 2,772 $ 2,005 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 45 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 1. Accounting Policies A summary of the significant accounting policies used in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows: Basis of Presentation Recently Issued Accounting Standards In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting standards update requiring new disclosures about reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income. These disclosures may be presented on the face of the statements or in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. The standards update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2012. We will adopt this standards update and revise our disclosure, as required, beginning with the first quarter of 2013. In December 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standards update requiring new disclosures about financial instruments and derivative instruments that are either offset by or subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement. The standards update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2012. We will adopt this standards update and revise our disclosure, as required, beginning with the first quarter of 2013. In July 2012, the FASB issued an accounting standards update with new guidance on annual impairment testing of indefinite-lived intangible assets. The standards update allows an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If based on its qualitative assessment an entity concludes it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, quantitative impairment testing is required. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, quantitative impairment testing is not required. The standards update is effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard will not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Effective January 1, 2012, we adopted an accounting standards update with new guidance on fair value measurement and disclosure requirements. This standard provides guidance on the application of fair value accounting where it is already required or permitted by other standards. This standard also requires additional disclosures related to transfers of financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy and quantitative and qualitative disclosures related to significant unobservable inputs. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Effective January 1, 2012, we adopted accounting standards updates with guidance on the presentation of other comprehensive income. These standards require an entity to either present components of net income and other comprehensive income in one continuous statement or in two separate but consecutive statements. Accordingly, we have presented net income and other comprehensive income in two consecutive statements. Other We are a party to shareholder agreements concerning certain of our less-than-wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries. Under the terms of certain of these agreements, the minority shareholders have the right to require us to purchase their ownership interests in the respective subsidiaries if there is a change in control of the Company, a bankruptcy of the Company, or other circumstances. Accordingly, we have reported the minority equity in those subsidiaries outside of shareholders’ equity. 46 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all majority-owned subsidiaries and variable interest entities in which we are the primary beneficiary. Investments in companies in which we do not own a majority interest and we have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in other companies are carried at cost. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related notes to financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates, including those related to: • recoverability of intangibles and other long-lived assets, • deferred tax asset valuation allowances and uncertain income tax positions, • workers’ compensation, • general and product liabilities and other litigation, • pension and other postretirement benefits, and • various other operating allowances and accruals, based on currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may alter such estimates and affect results of operations and financial position in future periods. Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable Valuation Revenues are recognized when finished products are shipped to unaffiliated customers, both title and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred or services have been rendered and accepted, and collectability is reasonably assured. A provision for sales returns, discounts and allowances is recorded at the time of sale. loss experience, portfolio Appropriate provisions are made for uncollectible accounts based on historical duration, economic conditions and credit risk. The adequacy of the allowances are assessed quarterly. Shipping and Handling Costs Costs incurred for transportation of products to customers are recorded as a component of Cost of Goods Sold (“CGS”). Research and Development Costs Research and development costs include, among other things, materials, equipment, compensation and contract services. These costs are expensed as incurred and included as a component of CGS. Research and development expenditures were $370 million, $369 million, and $342 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Warranty Warranties are provided on the sale of certain of our products and services and an accrual for estimated future claims is recorded at the time revenue is recognized. Tire replacement under most of the warranties we offer is on a prorated basis. Warranty reserves are based on past claims experience, sales history and other considerations. Refer to Note 18. Environmental Cleanup Matters We expense environmental costs related to existing conditions resulting from past or current operations and from which no current or future benefit is discernible. Expenditures that extend the life of the related property or 47 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES mitigate or prevent future environmental contamination are capitalized. We determine our liability on a site by site basis and record a liability at the time when it is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Our estimated liability is reduced to reflect the anticipated participation of other potentially responsible parties in those instances where it is probable that such parties are legally responsible and financially capable of paying their respective shares of the relevant costs. Our estimated liability is not discounted or reduced for possible recoveries from insurance carriers. Refer to Note 18. Legal Costs We record a liability for estimated legal and defense costs related to pending general and product liability claims, environmental matters and workers’ compensation claims. Refer to Note 18. Advertising Costs Costs incurred for producing and communicating advertising are generally expensed when incurred as a component of Selling, Administrative and General Expense (“SAG”). Costs incurred under our cooperative advertising program with dealers and franchisees are generally recorded as reductions of sales as related revenues are recognized. Advertising costs, including costs for our cooperative advertising programs with dealers and franchisees, were $435 million, $471 million, and $396 million in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Rationalizations We record costs for rationalization actions implemented to reduce excess and high-cost manufacturing capacity and operating and administrative costs. Associate-related costs include severance, supplemental unemployment compensation and benefits, medical benefits, pension curtailments, postretirement benefits, and other termination benefits. For ongoing benefit arrangements, a liability is recognized when it is probable that employees will be entitled to benefits and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These conditions are generally met when the restructuring plan is approved by management. For one-time benefit arrangements, a liability is incurred and must be accrued at the date the plan is communicated to employees, unless they will be retained beyond a minimum retention period. In this case, the liability is calculated at the date the plan is communicated to employees and is accrued ratably over the future service period. Other costs generally include non-cancelable lease costs, contract terminations, and relocation costs. A liability for these costs is recognized in the period in which the liability is incurred. Rationalization charges related to accelerated depreciation and asset impairments are recorded in CGS or SAG. Refer to Note 2. Income Taxes Income taxes are recognized during the year in which transactions enter into the determination of financial statement income, with deferred taxes being provided for temporary differences between amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and such amounts as measured under applicable tax laws. The effect on deferred tax assets or liabilities of a change in the tax law or tax rate is recognized in the period the change is enacted. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. The calculation of our tax liabilities also involves considering uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. We recognize liabilities for uncertain income tax positions based on our estimate of whether it is more likely than not that additional taxes will be required and we report related interest and penalties as income taxes. Refer to Note 5. Cash and Cash Equivalents / Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and marketable securities with original maturities of three months or less. Substantially all of our cash and short-term investment securities are held with investment grade- rated counterparties. At December 31, 2012, our cash investments with any single counterparty did not exceed $350 million. 48 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Cash flows associated with derivative financial instruments designated as hedges of identifiable transactions or events are classified in the same category as the cash flows from the related hedged items. Cash flows associated with derivative financial instruments not designated as hedges are classified as operating activities. Bank overdrafts are recorded within Notes payable and overdrafts. Cash flows associated with bank overdrafts are classified as financing activities. Customer prepayments for products and government grants received that are related to operations are reported as operating activities. Government grants received that are solely related to capital expenditures are reported as investing activities. The Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows is presented net of $41 million of new capital leases in 2012. Restricted Net Assets In certain countries where we operate, transfers of funds into or out of such countries by way of dividends, loans or advances are generally or periodically subject to various restrictive governmental regulations. In addition, certain of our credit agreements and other debt the ability of foreign subsidiaries to make cash distributions. At December 31, 2012, approximately $660 million of net assets were subject to such restrictions. instruments restrict Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out or the average cost method. Costs include direct material, direct labor and applicable manufacturing and engineering overhead. We allocate fixed manufacturing overheads based on normal production capacity and recognize abnormal manufacturing costs as period costs. We determine a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on management’s review of inventories on hand compared to estimated future usage and sales. Refer to Note 9. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets impairment Goodwill is recorded when the cost of acquired businesses exceeds the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are assessed for testing is conducted when events occur or impairment annually as of July 31. In addition, circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives would be written down to fair value if considered impaired. Guidance under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, requires an entity to test goodwill for impairment on at least an annual basis, with the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary or to perform a quantitative assessment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount, including goodwill. Under the qualitative assessment, an entity is not required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. If under the quantitative assessment the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the amount of the impairment loss, if any, must be measured. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized to their estimated residual values over such finite lives, and reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances warrant such a review. Refer to Note 10. Investments Investments in marketable securities are stated at fair value. Fair value is determined using quoted market prices at the end of the reporting period and, when appropriate, exchange rates at that date. Unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities classified as available-for-sale are recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (“AOCL”), net of tax. We regularly review our investments to determine whether a decline in fair value below the cost basis is other than temporary. If the decline in fair value is judged to be other than temporary, the cost basis of the security is written down to fair value and the amount of the write-down is included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Refer to Notes 11 and 20. 49 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. Additions and improvements that substantially extend the useful life of property, plant and equipment, and interest costs incurred during the construction period of major projects are capitalized. Government grants to us that are solely related to capital expenditures are recorded as reductions of the cost of the associated assets. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated to their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives, and reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances warrant such a review. Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment was $684 million, $711 million and $648 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Refer to Notes 3 and 12. Foreign Currency Translation The functional currency for most subsidiaries outside the United States is the local currency. Financial statements of these subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate at each balance sheet date for assets and liabilities and a weighted average exchange rate for each period for revenues, expenses, gains and losses. The U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency in countries with a history of high inflation, including Venezuela, and in countries that predominantly sell into the U.S. dollar export market. For all operations, gains or losses from remeasuring foreign currency transactions into the functional currency are included in Other Expense. Translation adjustments are recorded in AOCL. Income taxes are generally not provided for foreign currency translation adjustments. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities To qualify for hedge accounting, hedging instruments must be designated as hedges and meet defined correlation and effectiveness criteria. These criteria require that the anticipated cash flows and/or changes in fair value of the hedging instrument substantially offset those of the position being hedged. Derivative contracts are reported at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as both current and long term Accounts Receivable or Other Liabilities. Deferred gains and losses on contracts designated as cash flow hedges are recorded net of tax in AOCL. Ineffectiveness in hedging relationships is recorded in Other Expense in the current period. Interest Rate Contracts — Gains and losses on contracts designated as cash flow hedges are initially deferred and recorded in AOCL. Amounts are transferred from AOCL and recognized in income as Interest Expense in the same period that the hedged item is recognized in income. Gains and losses on contracts designated as fair value hedges are recognized in income in the current period as Interest Expense. Gains and losses on contracts with no hedging designation are recorded in the current period in Other Expense. Foreign Currency Contracts — Gains and losses on contracts designated as cash flow hedges are initially deferred and recorded in AOCL. Amounts are transferred from AOCL and recognized in income in the same period and on the same line that the hedged item is recognized in income. Gains and losses on contracts designated as fair value hedges, excluding premiums, are recorded in Other Expense in the current period. Gains and losses on contracts with no hedging designation are also recorded in Other Expense in the current period. We do not include premiums paid on forward currency contracts in our assessment of hedge effectiveness. Premiums on contracts designated as hedges are recognized in Other Expense over the life of the contract. Net Investment Hedging — Nonderivative instruments denominated in foreign currencies are used from time to time to hedge net investments in foreign subsidiaries. Gains and losses on these instruments are deferred and recorded in AOCL as Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments. These gains and losses are only recognized in income upon the complete or partial sale of the related investment or the complete liquidation of the investment. 50 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Termination of Contracts — Gains and losses (including deferred gains and losses in AOCL) are recognized in Other Expense when contracts are terminated concurrently with the termination of the hedged position. To the extent that such position remains outstanding, gains and losses are amortized to Interest Expense or to Other Expense over the remaining life of that position. Gains and losses on contracts that we temporarily continue to hold after the early termination of a hedged position, or that otherwise no longer qualify for hedge accounting, are recognized in income in Other Expense. Refer to Note 14. Stock-Based Compensation We measure compensation cost arising from the grant of share-based awards to employees at fair value and recognize such cost in income over the period during which the service is provided, usually the vesting period. We recognize compensation expense using the straight-line approach. Share-based awards to employees include grants of performance share units and stock options. We measure the fair value of grants of performance share units based primarily on the closing market price of a share of our common stock on the date of the grant, modified as appropriate to take into account the features of such grants. We estimate the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes valuation model. Assumptions used to estimate compensation expense are determined as follows: • Expected term is determined using a weighted average of the contractual term and vesting period of the award under the simplified method, as historical data was not sufficient to provide a reasonable estimate; • Expected volatility is measured using the weighted average of historical daily changes in the market price of our common stock over the expected term of the award and implied volatility calculated for our exchange traded options with an expiration date greater than one year; • Risk-free interest rate is equivalent to the implied yield on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury bonds with a remaining maturity equal to the expected term of the awards; and • Forfeitures are based substantially on the history of cancellations of similar awards granted in prior years. Refer to Note 17. Earnings Per Share of Common Stock Basic earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share primarily reflects the dilutive impact of outstanding stock options, our mandatory convertible preferred stock and related dividends. All earnings per share amounts in these notes to the consolidated financial statements are diluted, unless otherwise noted. Refer to Note 6. Fair Value Measurements Valuation Hierarchy Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation as of the measurement date. • Level 1 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. • Level 2 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. • Level 3 — Valuation is based upon other unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement. 51 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The classification of fair value measurements within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement. Valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value are as follows: Investments Where quoted prices are available in an active market, investments are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government bonds, certain mortgage products and exchange- traded equities. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are estimated using quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the security, and would be classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities would be classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Derivative Financial Instruments Exchange-traded derivative financial instruments that are valued using quoted prices would be classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Derivative financial instruments valued using internally-developed models that use as their basis readily observable market parameters are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Derivative financial instruments that are valued based upon models with significant unobservable market parameters, and that are normally traded less actively, would be classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. Refer to Notes 14 and 15. Reclassifications Certain items previously reported in specific financial statement captions have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Note 2. Costs Associated with Rationalization Programs In order to maintain our global competitiveness, we have implemented rationalization actions over the past several years to reduce excess and high-cost manufacturing capacity and to reduce associate headcount. The net rationalization charges included in Income before Income Taxes are as follows: (In millions) 2012 2011 2010 New charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reversals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $178 (3) $106 (3) $261 (21) $175 $103 $240 52 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following table presents the roll-forward of the liability balance between periods: (In millions) Balance at December 31, 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2010 charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reversed to the Statement of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at December 31, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reversed to the Statement of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 charges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reversed to the Statement of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Associate-related Costs Other Costs Total $ 120 237 (129) (16) $ 212 60 (104) (2) $ 166 142 (77) (2) $ 229 $ 25 24 (26) (5) $ 18 46 (45) (1) $ 18 36 (30) (1) $ 23 $ 145 261 (155) (21) $ 230 106 (149) (3) $ 184 178 (107) (3) $ 252 Rationalization actions initiated in 2012 consisted primarily of Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire’s (“EMEA”) plan to exit the farm tire business and discontinue farm tire production at one of our facilities in Amiens, France, which would result in the full closure of that facility. Charges of $74 million were recorded in the fourth quarter of 2012 related to these activities. In addition, North American Tire initiated manufacturing headcount reductions at several facilities and also reduced SAG expenses through headcount reductions. Asia Pacific Tire also initiated plans relating to the closure of several retail facilities in Australia and New Zealand. Other rationalization actions in 2012 related to plans to reduce manufacturing and SAG expenses through headcount reductions in all of our strategic business units. During 2012, net rationalization charges of $175 million were recorded. New charges of $178 million were comprised of $142 million for plans initiated in 2012, consisting of $126 million for associate severance and other related costs and $16 million for other exit and non-cancelable lease costs, and $36 million for plans initiated in prior years, consisting of $16 million for associate severance and other related costs and $20 million for other exit and non-cancelable lease costs. These amounts include $176 million related to future cash outflows and $2 million for pension settlements, curtailments and termination benefits. The net charges in 2012 also included the reversal of $3 million of reserves for actions no longer needed for their originally-intended purposes. Approximately 2,200 associates will be released under 2012 plans of which 1,000 were released in 2012. In total, approximately 1,800 associates remain to be released under rationalization plans, including approximately 1,200 associates related to the announced plan to exit the farm tire business and close one of our facilities in Amiens, France. The accrual balance of $252 million at December 31, 2012 consists of $229 million for associate severance costs that are expected to be substantially utilized within the next twelve months and $23 million primarily for long term non-cancelable lease costs. At December 31, 2012, $170 million of the accrual balance relates to plans associated with the announced closure of one of our facilities in Amiens, France, and $21 million relates to the closure of our Union City, Tennessee manufacturing facility (“Union City”). Asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $20 million were recorded in CGS in 2012 and were related primarily to property and equipment in our Dalian, China manufacturing facility, which ceased production in the third quarter of 2012. 53 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES In 2011, EMEA and Asia Pacific Tire initiated plans to reduce manufacturing, selling, administrative and general expenses through headcount reductions. In addition, Asia Pacific Tire initiated a plan related to the relocation of its manufacturing facility in Dalian, China to Pulandian, China. During 2011, net rationalization charges of $103 million were recorded. New charges of $106 million were comprised of $25 million for plans initiated in 2011, consisting of $19 million for associate severance and other related costs and $6 million for other exit and non-cancelable lease costs, and $81 million for plans initiated in prior years, consisting of $41 million of associate severance and other related costs and $40 million for other exit and non-cancelable lease costs, primarily related to the closure of Union City in July 2011. These amounts include $104 million related to future cash outflows and $2 million for pension settlements, curtailments and other termination benefits. The net charges in 2011 also included the reversal of $3 million of reserves for actions no longer needed for their originally-intended purposes. Approximately 500 associates were to be released under 2011 plans, all of which were released by December 31, 2012. Asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $50 million were recorded in CGS in 2011 and were related primarily to property and equipment in Union City. In 2010, North American Tire initiated plans to close Union City to reduce high-cost manufacturing capacity and to consolidate several warehouses to further improve its supply chain. EMEA recognized increased costs related to the announced discontinuation of consumer tire production at one of our facilities in Amiens, France. Asia Pacific Tire initiated and substantially completed the closure of a manufacturing facility in Taipei, Taiwan. During 2010, net rationalization charges of $240 million were recorded. New charges of $261 million were comprised of $195 million for plans initiated in 2010, consisting of $191 million of associate severance and other related costs and $4 million for other exit and non-cancelable lease costs, and $66 million for plans initiated in 2009, consisting of $46 million of associate severance and other related costs and $20 million for other exit and non-cancelable lease costs. These amounts include $177 million related to future cash outflows and $84 million for other non-cash exit costs, substantially all of which were for pension settlements, curtailments and other termination benefits. The net charges in 2010 also included the reversal of $21 million of reserves for actions no longer needed for their originally-intended purposes. Approximately 2,200 associates were to be released under 2010 plans, all of which were released by December 31, 2011. Asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $15 million were recorded in CGS in 2010 and were related primarily to the closure of our Taiwan facility. Note 3. Interest Expense Interest expense includes interest and amortization of debt discounts, less amounts capitalized, as follows: (In millions) 2012 2011 2010 Interest expense before capitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capitalized interest $379 (22) $361 (31) $342 (26) $357 $330 $316 Cash payments for interest, net of amounts capitalized were $336 million, $309 million and $301 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. In the first quarter of 2012, we recorded an out of period adjustment of $13 million of additional interest expense to correct capitalized interest recorded in prior periods. 54 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Note 4. Other Expense (In millions) Expense(Income) Financing fees and financial instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Royalty income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net foreign currency exchange losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net gains on asset sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General and product liability — discontinued products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 2011 2010 $156 (38) 26 (25) (17) 8 29 $ 89 (47) 27 (16) (16) 21 15 $ 95 (30) 159 (73) (11) 11 35 $139 $ 73 $186 Financing fees and financial instruments expense was $156 million in 2012, compared to $89 million in 2011 and $95 million in 2010. Financing fees and financial instruments expense consists of the amortization of deferred financing fees, commitment fees and charges incurred in connection with financing transactions. Financing fees in 2012 included $86 million related to the redemption of $650 million in aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 10.5% senior notes due 2016, of which $59 million related to cash premiums paid on the redemption and $27 million related to the write-off of deferred financing fees and unamortized discount, and $24 million of charges related to the amendment and restatement of our U.S. second lien term loan facility. Financing fees in 2011 included $53 million of charges on the redemption of $350 million in aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 10.5% senior notes due 2016, of which $37 million related to cash premium paid on the redemption and $16 million related to the write-off of deferred financing fees and unamortized discount. Financing fees in 2010 included $50 million of cash premiums paid and $6 million of financing fees which were written-off on the redemption of $973 million of long term debt. Royalty income is derived primarily from licensing arrangements related to divested businesses and to our chemical operations. Royalty income in 2011 included the recognition of $6 million of income related to a non- recurring transaction. Net foreign currency exchange losses in 2012 were $26 million, compared to losses of $27 million and $159 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively. Foreign currency exchange in all periods reflected net gains and losses resulting from the effect of exchange rate changes on various foreign currency transactions worldwide. Losses in 2010 included a first quarter loss of $110 million resulting from the January 8, 2010 devaluation of the Venezuelan bolivar fuerte against the U.S. dollar and the establishment of a two-tier exchange rate structure, and a fourth quarter foreign currency exchange loss of $24 million in connection with the January 1, 2011 elimination of the two-tier exchange rate structure. Net gains on asset sales were $25 million in 2012 and included gains of $9 million in North American Tire, primarily from the sale of property, gains of $9 million in EMEA, primarily from the sale of a minority interest in a retail business, and gains of $4 million in Latin American Tire, primarily from the sale of certain assets related to our bias truck tire business. Net gains on asset sales were $16 million in 2011 and included gains of $9 million in Asia Pacific Tire, primarily on the sale of land in Malaysia, and gains of $4 million in Latin American Tire, primarily on the sale of the farm tire business. Net gains on asset sales were $73 million in 2010 and included gains of $58 million in Asia Pacific Tire, primarily on the sale of a closed manufacturing facility in Taiwan and land in Thailand, gains of $7 million in Latin American Tire, including the recognition of a deferred gain from the sale of a warehouse in 2008, and gains of $6 million in EMEA, due primarily to the sale of land. Interest income consisted primarily of amounts earned on cash deposits. General and product liability — discontinued products includes charges for claims against us related primarily to asbestos personal injury claims, net of probable insurance recoveries. We recorded $18 million, $17 million and $17 million of expense related to asbestos claims in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. In addition, we recorded 55 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES income of $10 million, $9 million and $5 million related to probable insurance recoveries in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. We also recorded $13 million of expense in 2011 related to an adjustment for prior periods. Miscellaneous expense in 2012 includes $25 million of charges for certain labor claims relating to a previously closed facility in EMEA. Miscellaneous expense in 2011 included $9 million related to our insurance deductible with respect to losses as a result of flooding in Thailand. Miscellaneous expense in 2010 included $25 million related to a claim regarding the use of value-added tax credits in prior years. Note 5. Income Taxes The components of Income before Income Taxes follow: (In millions) 2012 2011 2010 U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $146 294 $(111) 729 $(529) 537 $440 $ 618 $ 8 A reconciliation of income taxes at the U.S. statutory rate to income taxes provided on Income follows: (In millions) U.S. Federal income tax expense (benefit) at the statutory rate of 35% . . . . . . Adjustment for foreign income taxed at different rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. (income) loss with no tax due to valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net foreign operating losses with no tax due to valuation allowances . . . . . . . Net (release) establishment of valuation allowances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net (resolution) establishment of uncertain tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax impact of enacted tax rate and law changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2012 2011 2010 $154 (6) (49) 83 4 10 2 5 $216 (28) 41 5 (59) 24 — 2 $ 3 4 178 18 (1) (15) (16) 1 United States and Foreign Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $203 $201 $172 The components of the provision (benefit) for taxes on Income, by taxing jurisdiction, follow: (In millions) Current: 2012 2011 2010 Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. $ — $ — $ (15) 180 253 184 1 3 3 Deferred: Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 256 166 2 13 1 16 2 (56) (1) (55) (7) 12 1 6 United States and Foreign Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $203 $201 $172 56 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES In 2012, income tax expense included a net tax charge of $19 million, which primarily consists of $10 million of increased tax reserves for prior years. The additional $9 million relates to various other discrete items. In 2011, income tax expense included net tax benefits of $36 million primarily related to a $64 million benefit from the release of a valuation allowance on our Canadian operations and a $24 million charge related to the settlement of prior tax years and to increase tax reserves as a result of negative tax court rulings in a foreign jurisdiction. In 2010, our income tax expense or benefit was allocated among operations and items charged or credited directly to shareholders’ equity. Pursuant to this allocation requirement, a $9 million non-cash tax benefit was allocated to the loss from our U.S. operations, with offsetting tax expense allocated to items, primarily attributable to employee benefits, charged directly to shareholders’ equity. Income tax expense in 2010 also included net tax benefits of $33 million primarily related to a $16 million benefit for enacted tax law changes and $20 million of tax benefits related to the settlement of tax audits and the expiration of statutes of limitations in multiple tax jurisdictions. Temporary differences and carryforwards giving rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31 follow: (In millions) Postretirement benefits and pensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax loss carryforwards and credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capitalized expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued expenses deductible as paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vacation and sick pay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rationalizations and other provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property basis differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 2011 $ 1,331 1,238 456 613 98 39 73 41 3,889 (3,393) 496 (384) $ 1,237 949 544 595 99 41 54 46 3,565 (3,132) 433 (350) Total net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 112 $ 83 (1) Primarily unlimited carryforward period. At December 31, 2012, we had $461 million of tax assets for net operating loss, capital loss and tax credit carryforwards related to certain international subsidiaries that are primarily from countries with unlimited carryforward periods. A valuation allowance totaling $574 million has been recorded against these and other deferred tax assets where recovery of the asset or carryforward is uncertain. In addition, we had $654 million of Federal and $123 million of state tax assets for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The Federal carryforwards consist of $50 million of Federal tax assets for net operating losses that expire in 2029 and 2030, $614 million of foreign tax credits that are subject to expiration from 2016 to 2022 and $31 million of tax assets related to research and development credits that are subject to expiration from 2027 to 2031. The amount of deferred tax assets reflected in the table above has been reduced by $41 million related to unrealized stock option deductions. The state carryforwards are subject to expiration from 2013 to 2032. A full valuation allowance has also been recorded against the Federal and state deferred tax assets as recovery is uncertain. The American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, signed into law on January 2, 2013, retroactively adopts certain taxpayer relief provisions that are not reflected in our 2012 financial statements as enactment took place in 2013. The changes include a refundable alternative minimum tax provision that entitles us to a $7 million refund of our alternative minimum tax carryforwards in 2014. We will record this tax benefit in the first quarter of 2013. The 57 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES act also reinstates the research and development credit and certain other foreign dividend provisions that will change the components of our deferred taxes. However, these changes will not affect tax expense as we have a full valuation allowance recorded against our U.S. deferred tax assets. At December 31, 2012, we had unrecognized tax benefits of $82 million that if recognized, would have a favorable impact on our tax expense of $70 million. We had accrued interest of $20 million as of December 31, 2012. If not favorably settled, $24 million of the unrecognized tax benefits and all of the accrued interest would require the use of our cash. During 2010, our European entities settled various tax years, resulting in a $48 million reduction of our unrecognized tax benefits. It is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change during the next 12 months. However, we do not expect those changes will have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operations. Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (In millions) 2012 2011 2010 Balance at January 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increases related to prior year tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decreases related to prior year tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increases related to current year tax positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — (6) Settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3) Lapse of statute of limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4) Foreign currency impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $87 $90 17 12 (7) — 3 (9) (1) (7) $112 32 (3) — (51) (4) 1 Balance at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $82 $90 $ 87 Generally, years from 2006 onward are still open to examination by foreign taxing authorities, including in Germany. In the United States, we are open to examination from 2011 onward. We have undistributed earnings of international subsidiaries of approximately $3.7 billion, a significant portion of which has already been subject to Federal income taxation. No provision for Federal income tax or foreign withholding tax on any of these undistributed earnings is required because either such earnings were already subject to tax or the amount has been or will be reinvested in property, plant and equipment and working capital. Quantification of the deferred tax liability, if any, associated with these undistributed earnings is not practicable. Net cash payments for income taxes were $204 million, $212 million and $167 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Note 6. Earnings (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings per share are computed based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share are calculated to reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts were exercised or converted into common stock. 58 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Basic and diluted earnings per common share are calculated as follows: (In millions, except per share amounts) 2012 2011 2010 Earnings (loss) per share — basic: Goodyear net income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Preferred stock dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 212 29 $ 343 22 $(216) — Goodyear net income (loss) available to common shareholders . . . . . . . . . . $ 183 $ 321 $(216) Weighted average shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 244 242 Earnings (loss) per common share — basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $0.75 $1.32 $(0.89) Earnings (loss) per share — diluted: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodyear net income (loss) Less: Preferred stock dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 212 29 $ 343 — $(216) — Goodyear net income (loss) available to common shareholders . . . . . . . . . . $ 183 $ 343 $(216) Weighted average shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dilutive effect of mandatory convertible preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dilutive effect of stock options and other dilutive securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 — 2 247 244 25 2 271 242 — — 242 Earnings (loss) per common share — diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $0.74 $1.26 $(0.89) Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted for the year ended December 31, 2012 excludes the effect of approximately 34 million equivalent shares related to the mandatory convertible preferred stock as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. In addition, Goodyear net income used to compute earnings per share — diluted for the year ended December 31, 2012 is reduced by $29 million of preferred stock dividends since the inclusion of the related shares of preferred stock would have been anti-dilutive. Additionally, weighted average shares outstanding — diluted for 2012, 2011 and 2010 excludes approximately 11 million, 6 million and 10 million equivalent shares, respectively, related to options with exercise prices greater than the average market price of our common stock (i.e., “underwater” options). Weighted average shares outstanding — diluted for 2010 excludes approximately 4 million equivalent shares related to options with exercise prices less than the average market price of our common stock (i.e., “in-the-money” options), as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive due to the Goodyear net loss in that year. Note 7. Business Segments Segment information reflects our strategic business units (“SBUs”), which are organized to meet customer requirements and global competition. We operate our business through four operating segments representing our regional tire businesses: North American Tire; Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire; Latin American Tire; and Asia Pacific Tire. Segment information is reported on the basis used for reporting to our Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President. Each of the four regional business segments is involved in the development, manufacture, distribution and sale of tires. Certain of the business segments also provide related products and services, which include retreads, automotive and commercial truck repair services and merchandise purchased for resale. Each segment also exports tires to other segments. North American Tire manufactures and sells tires for automobiles, trucks, motorcycles, buses, earthmoving and mining equipment, commercial and military aviation, and industrial equipment in the United States and Canada. North American Tire also provides related products and services including retread tires, tread rubber, automotive and commercial truck maintenance and repair services, as well as sells chemical and natural rubber products to our other business segments and to unaffiliated customers. 59 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire manufactures and sells tires for automobiles, trucks, motorcycles, farm implements, and construction equipment throughout Europe, the Middle East and Africa. EMEA also sells new and retreaded aviation tires, retreading and related services for commercial truck and OTR tires, and automotive maintenance and repair services. Latin American Tire manufactures and sells tires for automobiles, trucks, and aviation and construction equipment throughout Central and South America and in Mexico. Latin American Tire also provides related products and services including retreaded tires and tread rubber for truck tires. Asia Pacific Tire manufactures and sells tires for automobiles, trucks, farm, construction and mining equipment, and the aviation industry throughout the Asia Pacific region. Asia Pacific Tire also provides related products and services including retreaded truck and aviation tires, tread rubber, and automotive maintenance and repair services. The following table presents segment sales and operating income, and the reconciliation of segment operating income to Income before Income Taxes: (In millions) Sales 2012 2011 2010 North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,666 6,884 2,085 2,357 $ 9,859 8,040 2,472 2,396 $ 8,205 6,407 2,158 2,062 Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20,992 $22,767 $18,832 Segment Operating Income North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 514 252 223 259 $ 276 627 231 234 Total Segment Operating Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,248 1,368 Less: Rationalizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate incentive compensation plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate pension curtailments/settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercompany profit elimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retained expenses of divested operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 357 139 20 69 1 (1) 14 34 Income before Income Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 440 $ 103 330 73 50 70 15 5 29 75 618 $ 18 319 330 250 917 240 316 186 15 71 — 14 20 47 8 In the fourth quarter of 2012, we negotiated a waiver of certain performance obligations under an offtake agreement for tires and recognized a $24 million reduction in CGS. The benefit was recognized in Corporate, which is excluded from segment operating income, and included in Other above. 60 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following table presents segment assets at December 31: (In millions) Assets 2012 2011 2010 North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,170 5,415 2,367 2,601 $ 5,744 5,915 2,141 2,482 $ 5,243 5,266 1,809 2,150 Total Segment Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,553 1,420 16,282 1,347 14,468 1,162 $16,973 $17,629 $15,630 Results of operations are measured based on net sales to unaffiliated customers and segment operating income. Each segment exports tires to other segments. The financial results of each segment exclude sales of tires exported to other segments, but include operating income derived from such transactions. Segment operating income is computed as follows: Net sales less CGS (excluding asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges) and SAG (including certain allocated corporate administrative expenses). Segment operating income also includes certain royalties and equity in earnings of most affiliates. Segment operating income does not include net rationalization charges, asset sales and certain other items. The following table presents geographic information. Net sales by country were determined based on the location of the selling subsidiary. Long-lived assets consisted of property, plant and equipment. Besides Germany, management did not consider the net sales of any other individual countries outside the United States to be to the consolidated financial statements. For long-lived assets only China and Germany were significant considered to be significant. (In millions) Net Sales 2012 2011 2010 United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other international . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 8,416 2,541 10,035 $ 8,397 2,962 11,408 $ 7,104 2,229 9,499 $20,992 $22,767 $18,832 Long-Lived Assets United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other international . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,424 796 788 2,948 $ 2,367 711 691 2,606 $ 2,411 508 676 2,570 $ 6,956 $ 6,375 $ 6,165 61 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES At December 31, 2012, significant concentrations of cash and cash equivalents held by our international subsidiaries included the following amounts: • $418 million or 18% in Europe, Middle East and Africa, primarily Belgium and Poland ($793 million or 29% at December 31, 2011), • $370 million or 16% in Asia, primarily China, Australia and Singapore ($430 million or 16% at December 31, 2011), and • $622 million or 27% in Latin America, primarily Venezuela and Brazil ($527 million or 19% at December 31, 2011). Rationalizations, as described in Note 2, Costs Associated with Rationalization Programs, net (gains) losses on asset sales, as described in Note 4, Other Expense, and Asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation were not charged (credited) to the SBUs for performance evaluation purposes but were attributable to the SBUs as follows: (In millions) Rationalizations North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Segment Rationalizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In millions) Net (Gains) Losses on Asset Sales 2012 2011 2010 $ 43 100 6 26 175 — $ 72 15 — 16 103 — $184 41 5 11 241 (1) $175 $103 $240 2012 2011 2010 North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (9) $ 2 (1) (4) (9) (9) (4) (1) $ (2) (6) (7) (58) Total Segment Asset Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (23) (2) (12) (73) (4) — (In millions) Asset Write-offs and Accelerated Depreciation $(25) $(16) $(73) 2012 2011 2010 $43 North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — 7 Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1 19 $ 2 1 12 Total Segment Asset Write-offs and Accelerated Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . $20 $50 $15 62 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following tables present segment capital expenditures, depreciation and amortization: (In millions) Capital Expenditures North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Segment Capital Expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (In millions) Depreciation and Amortization 2012 2011 2010 $ 212 344 250 286 1,092 35 $ 236 240 237 314 1,027 16 $319 183 135 281 918 26 $1,127 $1,043 $944 2012 2011 2010 North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Segment Depreciation and Amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $275 215 72 89 651 36 $286 222 73 73 654 61 $295 209 57 63 624 28 $687 $715 $652 The following table presents segment equity in the net income of investees accounted for by the equity method: (In millions) Equity in (Income) 2012 2011 2010 North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — (28) Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (6) $ (5) $ (4) (1) — (7) (13) Total Segment Equity in (Income) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(34) $(19) $(11) Note 8. Accounts Receivable (In millions) 2012 2011 Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,662 (99) $2,946 (97) $2,563 $2,849 63 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Note 9. Inventories (In millions) 2012 2011 Raw materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Work in process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 743 169 2,338 $ 937 186 2,733 $3,250 $3,856 Note 10. Goodwill and Intangible Assets The following table presents the net carrying amount of goodwill allocated by reporting unit, and changes during 2012: (In millions) North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at December 31, 2011 Divestitures Translation Balance at December 31, 2012 $ 93 484 77 $654 $ — (2) — $ (2) $ — 15 (3) $ 12 $ 93 497 74 $664 The following table presents the net carrying amount of goodwill allocated by reporting unit, and changes during 2011: (In millions) North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at December 31, 2010 Divestitures Translation Balance at December 31, 2011 $ 94 509 80 $683 $ (1) (1) — $ (2) $ — (24) (3) $(27) $ 93 484 77 $654 The following table presents information about intangible assets: (In millions) Intangible assets with indefinite lives . . . . Trademarks and patents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 2011 Gross Carrying Amount(1) Accumulated Amortization(1) Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount(1) Accumulated Amortization(1) Net Carrying Amount $128 20 21 $169 $ (6) (12) (11) $(29) $122 8 10 $140 $128 22 33 $183 $ (6) (12) (8) $(26) $122 10 25 $157 (1) Includes impact of foreign currency translation. Intangible assets primarily comprise the right to use certain brand names and trademarks on a non-competitive basis related to our global alliance with Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. Amortization expense for intangible assets totaled $3 million, $4 million and $4 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. We estimate that annual amortization expense related to intangible assets will be approximately $4 million in 2013, $3 million each in 2014 and 2015, and $1 million each in 2016 and 2017; and the weighted average remaining amortization period is approximately 17 years. 64 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The decrease in Other intangible assets during 2012 was due primarily to the reclassification of certain assets held for sale in our Asia Pacific Tire segment to Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets in conjunction with the planned transfer of our manufacturing facility in Dalian, China to the Dalian government. Our annual impairment analysis for 2012, 2011 and 2010 indicated no impairment of goodwill or intangible assets with indefinite lives. In addition, there were no events or circumstances that indicated the impairment test should be re-performed for goodwill or for intangible assets with indefinite lives for any segment at December 31, 2012. Note 11. Other Assets and Investments We owned 3,421,306 shares of Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. (“SRI”) at December 31, 2012 and 2011 (the “Sumitomo Investment”). The fair value of the Sumitomo Investment was $41 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and was included in Other Assets. We have classified the Sumitomo Investment as available-for-sale. At December 31, 2012, AOCL included gross unrealized holding gains on the Sumitomo Investment of $25 million ($26 million after-tax), compared to $24 million ($26 million after-tax) at December 31, 2011. Dividends received from our consolidated subsidiaries were $129 million, $168 million and $126 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Dividends received from our affiliates accounted for using the equity method were $11 million, $8 million and $4 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. At December 31, 2012, Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets includes assets reclassified as held for sale totaling $43 million, related to our closed tire manufacturing facility in Dalian, China in anticipation of the transfer of the property to the Dalian government, consisting of property, plant and equipment of $29 million and intangible assets of $14 million. During 2010, we received redemptions of $26 million from our investment in The Reserve Primary Fund, which were included in other transactions in Cash Flows from Investing Activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Note 12. Property, Plant and Equipment (In millions) Owned Capital Leases Total Owned Capital Leases Total 2012 2011 Property, plant and equipment, at cost: Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . Construction in progress . . . . . . . . . 415 2,061 12,036 1,173 Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . Spare parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,685 (8,975) 6,710 183 $ 1 17 46 15 79 (16) 63 — $ 416 $ 2,078 12,082 1,188 411 1,974 11,460 948 15,764 (8,991) 14,793 (8,619) 6,773 183 6,174 174 $ 1 17 19 — 37 (10) 27 — $ 412 1,991 11,479 948 14,830 (8,629) 6,201 174 $ 6,893 $ 63 $ 6,956 $ 6,348 $ 27 $ 6,375 The range of useful lives of property used in arriving at the annual amount of depreciation provided are as follows: buildings and improvements, 5 to 45 years; machinery and equipment, 3 to 30 years. 65 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Note 13. Leased Assets Net rental expense comprised the following: (In millions) 2012 2011 2010 Gross rental expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sublease rental income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $417 (53) $415 (61) $400 (66) $364 $354 $334 We enter into leases primarily for our wholesale and retail distribution facilities, vehicles, and data processing equipment under varying terms and conditions. Many of the leases require us to pay taxes assessed against leased property and the cost of insurance and maintenance. A portion of our retail distribution network is sublet to independent dealers. While substantially all subleases and some operating leases are cancelable for periods beyond 2013, management expects that in the normal course of its business nearly all of its independent dealer distribution network will be actively operated. As leases and subleases for existing locations expire, we would normally expect to evaluate such leases and either renew the leases or substitute another more favorable retail location. The following table presents minimum future lease payments: (In millions) Capital Leases 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 and Beyond Total Minimum lease payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Imputed interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 15 (1) $ 15 (3) $ 11 (2) $ 8 (2) $ 6 (1) $ 27 (15) Present value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 14 $ 12 $ 9 $ 6 $ 5 $ 12 $ $ 82 (24) 58 Operating Leases Minimum lease payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minimum sublease rentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $322 (42) $249 (33) $197 (25) $155 (17) $117 (9) $382 (5) $1,422 (131) $280 $216 $172 $138 $108 $377 $1,291 Imputed interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Present value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (291) $1,000 Note 14. Financing Arrangements and Derivative Financial Instruments At December 31, 2012, we had total credit arrangements of $8,387 million, of which $2,949 million were unused. At that date, 38% of our debt was at variable interest rates averaging 5.50%. Notes Payable and Overdrafts, Long Term Debt and Capital Leases due Within One Year and Short Term Financing Arrangements At December 31, 2012, we had short term committed and uncommitted credit arrangements totaling $550 million, of which $448 million were unused. These arrangements are available primarily to certain of our international subsidiaries through various banks at quoted market interest rates. 66 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following table presents amounts due within one year: (In millions) December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 Notes payable and overdrafts: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 102 $ 256 Weighted average interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.29% 5.56% Long term debt and capital leases due within one year: Other domestic and international debt (including capital leases) . . . . . . . $ 96 $ 156 Weighted average interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total obligations due within one year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.88% $ 198 10.78% $ 412 Long Term Debt and Capital Leases and Financing Arrangements At December 31, 2012, we had long term credit arrangements totaling $7,837 million, of which $2,501 million were unused. The following table presents long term debt and capital leases, net of unamortized discounts, and interest rates: (In millions) Notes: December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 Amount Interest Rate Amount Interest Rate 10.5% due 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.75% Euro Notes due 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.25% due 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.75% due 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7% due 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7% due 2028 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — 330 994 266 700 149 $ 631 324 994 264 — 149 Credit Facilities: $2.0 billion first lien revolving credit facility due 2017 . . . . $1.2 billion second lien term loan facility due 2019 . . . . . . . €400 million revolving credit facility due 2016 . . . . . . . . . . Pan-European accounts receivable facility due 2015 . . . . . . . . Chinese credit facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other domestic and international debt(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less portion due within one year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — 1,194 — 192 471 630 4,926 58 4,984 (96) $4,888 — — 4.75% 1,200 — 393 389 570 — 3.00% 6.38% 8.40% — 1.93% — 3.51% 5.80% 10.00% 4,914 31 4,945 (156) $4,789 (1) Interest rates are weighted average interest rates related to various international credit facilities with customary terms and conditions and the Global and North American Tire Headquarters financing liability described below. 67 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES Redemption of 10.5% Senior Notes due 2016 On March 29, 2012, we redeemed $650 million in aggregate principal amount of our outstanding 10.5% senior notes due 2016 at an aggregate redemption price of $709 million, including a $59 million prepayment premium, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. We also recorded $27 million of expense for the write- off of unamortized discounts and deferred financing fees as a result of the redemption. €250 million 6.75% Senior Notes due 2019 of Goodyear Dunlop Tires Europe B.V. (“GDTE”) At December 31, 2012, €250 million aggregate principal amount of GDTE’s 6.75% senior notes due 2019 were outstanding. These notes were sold at 100% of the principal amount and will mature on April 15, 2019. These notes are unsecured senior obligations of GDTE and are guaranteed, on an unsecured senior basis, by the Company and our U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries that also guarantee our obligations under our U.S. senior secured credit facilities described below. We have the option to redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after April 15, 2015 at a redemption price of 103.375%, 101.688% and 100% during the 12-month periods commencing on April 15, 2015, 2016 and 2017 and thereafter, respectively, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. Prior to April 15, 2015, we may redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. In addition, prior to April 15, 2014, we may redeem up to 35% of the original aggregate principal amount of these notes from the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 106.75% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. The terms of the indenture for these notes, among other things, limit the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries, including GDTE, (i) to incur additional debt or issue redeemable preferred stock, (ii) pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments or investments, (iii) incur liens, (iv) sell assets, (v) incur restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, (vi) enter into affiliate transactions, (vii) engage in sale and leaseback transactions, and (viii) consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. These covenants are subject to significant exceptions and qualifications. For example, if these notes are assigned an investment grade rating by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s and no default has occurred or is continuing, certain covenants will be suspended. The indenture has customary defaults, including a cross-default to material indebtedness of Goodyear and our subsidiaries. $1.0 billion 8.25% Senior Notes due 2020 At December 31, 2012, $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 8.25% senior notes due 2020 were outstanding. These notes had an effective yield of 8.349% at issuance. These notes are unsecured senior obligations, are guaranteed by our U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries that also guarantee our obligations under our U.S. senior secured credit facilities described below, and will mature on August 15, 2020. We have the option to redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after August 15, 2015 at a redemption price of 104.125%, 102.750%, 101.375% and 100% during the 12-month periods commencing on August 15, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 and thereafter, respectively, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. Prior to August 15, 2015, we may redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. In addition, prior to August 15, 2013, we may redeem up to 35% of these notes from the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 108.25% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. The terms of the indenture for these notes, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to (i) incur additional debt or issue redeemable preferred stock, (ii) pay dividends or make certain 68 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES other restricted payments or investments, (iii) incur liens, (iv) sell assets, (v) incur restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, (vi) enter into affiliate transactions, (vii) engage in sale and leaseback transactions, and (viii) consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. These covenants are subject to significant exceptions and qualifications. For example, if these notes are assigned an investment grade rating by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s and no default has occurred or is continuing, certain covenants will be suspended. The indenture has customary defaults, including a cross-default to material indebtedness of Goodyear and our subsidiaries. $282 million 8.75% Senior Notes due 2020 At December 31, 2012, $282 million aggregate principal amount of 8.75% notes due 2020 were outstanding. These notes, with an effective yield of 9.20%, are unsecured senior obligations, are guaranteed by our U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries that also guarantee our obligations under our U.S. senior secured credit facilities described below, and will mature on August 15, 2020. We have the option to redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at any time at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount of these notes or the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments on these notes, discounted using a defined treasury rate plus 50 basis points, plus in either case accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. The terms of the indenture for these notes, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to (i) incur secured debt, (ii) engage in sale and leaseback transactions, and (iii) consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. These covenants are subject to significant exceptions and qualifications. $700 million 7% Senior Notes due 2022 On February 28, 2012, we issued $700 million aggregate principal amount of 7% senior notes due 2022. These notes were sold at 100% of the principal amount and will mature on May 15, 2022. These notes are unsecured senior obligations and are guaranteed by our U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries that also guarantee our obligations under our U.S. senior secured credit facilities described below. We have the option to redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after May 15, 2017 at a redemption price of 103.5%, 102.333%, 101.167% and 100% during the 12-month periods commencing on May 15, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 and thereafter, respectively, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. Prior to May 15, 2017, we may redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a make-whole premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. In addition, prior to May 15, 2015, we may redeem up to 35% of the original aggregate principal amount of these notes from the net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 107% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. The indenture for these notes includes covenants that are substantially similar to those contained in the indenture governing our 8.25% senior notes due 2020, described above. $150 million 7% Senior Notes due 2028 At December 31, 2012, $150 million aggregate principal amount of our 7% notes due 2028 were outstanding. These notes are unsecured senior obligations and will mature on March 15, 2028. We have the option to redeem these notes, in whole or in part, at any time at a redemption price equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount thereof or the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments thereon, discounted using a defined treasury rate plus 15 basis points, plus in either case accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. 69 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The terms of the indenture for these notes, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to (i) incur secured debt, (ii) engage in sale and leaseback transactions, and (iii) consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. These covenants are subject to significant exceptions and qualifications. CREDIT FACILITIES $2.0 billion Amended and Restated First Lien Revolving Credit Facility due 2017 On April 19, 2012, we amended and restated our U.S. first lien revolving credit facility. Significant changes to the first lien revolving credit facility include the extension of the maturity to 2017 and an increase of the available commitments from $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion. Loans under this facility initially bear interest at LIBOR plus 150 basis points, based on our current liquidity as described below. Our amended and restated first lien revolving credit facility is available in the form of loans or letters of credit, with letter of credit availability limited to $800 million. Subject to the consent of the lenders whose commitments are to be increased, we may request that the facility be increased by up to $250 million. Our obligations under the facility are guaranteed by most of our wholly-owned U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries. Our obligations under the facility and our subsidiaries’ obligations under the related guarantees are secured by first priority security interests in collateral that includes, subject to certain exceptions: • U.S. and Canadian accounts receivable and inventory; • certain of our U.S. manufacturing facilities; • equity interests in our U.S. subsidiaries and up to 65% of the equity interests in our directly owned foreign subsidiaries, excluding GDTE and its subsidiaries; and • substantially all other tangible and intangible assets, including equipment, contract rights and intellectual property. Availability under the facility is subject to a borrowing base, which is based on eligible accounts receivable and inventory of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company and certain of its U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries, after adjusting for customary factors that are subject to modification from time to time by the administrative agent or the majority lenders at their discretion (not to be exercised unreasonably). Modifications are based on the results of periodic collateral and borrowing base evaluations and appraisals. To the extent that our eligible accounts receivable and inventory decline, our borrowing base will decrease and the availability under the facility may decrease below $2.0 billion. In addition, if the amount of outstanding borrowings and letters of credit under the facility exceeds the borrowing base, we are required to prepay borrowings and/or cash collateralize letters of credit sufficient to eliminate the excess. As of December 31, 2012, our borrowing base, and therefore our availability, under this facility was $361 million below the facility’s stated amount of $2.0 billion. The facility, which matures on April 30, 2017, contains certain covenants that, among other things, limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries (i) to incur additional debt or issue redeemable preferred stock, (ii) pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments or investments, (iii) incur liens, (iv) sell assets, (v) incur restrictions on the ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends to us, (vi) enter into affiliate transactions, (vii) engage in sale and leaseback transactions, and (viii) consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. These covenants are subject to significant exceptions and qualifications. In addition, in the event that the availability under the facility plus the aggregate amount of our Available Cash is less than $200 million, we will not be permitted to allow our ratio of EBITDA to Consolidated Interest Expense to be less than 2.0 to 1.0 for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters. “Available Cash,” “EBITDA” and “Consolidated Interest Expense” have the meanings given them in the facility. The facility has customary representations and warranties including, as a condition to borrowing, that all such representations and warranties are true and correct, in all material respects, on the date of the borrowing, 70 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES including representations as to no material adverse change in our financial condition since December 31, 2011. The facility also has customary defaults, including a cross-default to material indebtedness of Goodyear and our subsidiaries. If Available Cash (as defined in the facility) plus the availability under the facility is greater than $1.0 billion, amounts drawn under the facility will bear interest, at our option, at (i) 150 basis points over LIBOR or (ii) 50 basis points over an alternative base rate (the higher of the prime rate, the federal funds rate plus 50 basis points or LIBOR plus 100 basis points), and undrawn amounts under the facility will be subject to an annual commitment fee of 37.5 basis points. If Available Cash plus the availability under the facility is equal to or less than $1.0 billion, then amounts drawn under the facility will bear interest, at our option, at (i) 175 basis points over LIBOR or (ii) 75 basis points over an alternative base rate, and undrawn amounts under the facility will be subject to an annual commitment fee of 25 basis points. At December 31, 2012, we had no borrowings and $400 million of letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility. At December 31, 2011, we had no borrowings and $407 million of letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility. $1.2 billion Amended and Restated Second Lien Term Loan Facility due 2019 On April 19, 2012, we also amended and restated our U.S. second lien term loan facility, including the extension of the maturity to 2019. The term loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 375 basis points, subject to a minimum LIBOR rate of 100 basis points. In addition, the amended and restated second lien term loan was issued with an original issue discount of 200 basis points and is subject to a call protection premium of 100 basis points if any specified repricing event occurs prior to April 19, 2013. Our amended and restated second lien term loan facility may be increased by up to $300 million at our request, subject to the consent of the lenders making such additional term loans. Our obligations under this facility are guaranteed by most of our wholly-owned U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries and are secured by second priority security interests in the same collateral securing the $2.0 billion first lien revolving credit facility. The facility, which matures on April 30, 2019, contains covenants, representations, warranties and defaults similar to those in the $2.0 billion first lien revolving credit facility. In addition, if our Pro Forma Senior Secured Leverage Ratio (the ratio of Consolidated Net Secured Indebtedness to EBITDA) for any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters is greater than 3.0 to 1.0, before we may use cash proceeds from certain asset sales to repay any junior lien, senior unsecured or subordinated indebtedness, we must first offer to use such cash proceeds to prepay borrowings under the second lien term loan facility. “Pro Forma Senior Secured Leverage Ratio,” “Consolidated Net Secured Indebtedness” and “EBITDA” have the meanings given them in the facility. Loans under this facility bear interest, at our option, at (i) 375 basis points over LIBOR (subject to a minimum LIBOR rate of 100 basis points) or (ii) 275 basis points over an alternative base rate (the higher of the prime rate, the federal funds rate plus 50 basis points or LIBOR plus 100 basis points). At December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, this facility was fully drawn. €400 million Amended and Restated Senior Secured European Revolving Credit Facility due 2016 Our amended and restated €400 million European revolving credit facility consists of (i) a €100 million German tranche that is available only to Goodyear Dunlop Tires Germany GmbH (the “German borrower”) and (ii) a €300 million all-borrower tranche that is available to GDTE, the German borrower and certain of GDTE’s other subsidiaries. Up to €50 million in letters of credit are available for issuance under the all-borrower tranche. Amounts drawn under the facility will bear interest at LIBOR plus 250 basis points for loans denominated in U.S. dollars or pounds sterling and EURIBOR plus 250 basis points for loans denominated in euros, and undrawn amounts under the facility will be subject to an annual commitment fee of 50 basis points. 71 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES GDTE and certain of its subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Luxembourg, France and Germany provide guarantees to support the facility. GDTE’s obligations under the facility and the obligations of its subsidiaries under the related guarantees are secured by security interests in collateral that includes, subject to certain exceptions: • the capital stock of the principal subsidiaries of GDTE; and • a substantial portion of the tangible and intangible assets of GDTE and GDTE’s subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Luxembourg, France and Germany, including certain accounts receivable, inventory, real property, equipment, contract rights and cash accounts, but excluding certain accounts receivable and cash accounts in subsidiaries that are or may become parties to securitization programs. The German guarantors secure the German tranche on a first-lien basis and the all-borrower tranche on a second- lien basis. GDTE and its other subsidiaries that provide guarantees secure the all-borrower tranche on a first-lien basis and do not provide collateral support for the German tranche. The Company and its U.S. subsidiaries and primary Canadian subsidiary that guarantee our U.S. senior secured credit facilities described above also provide unsecured guarantees in support of the facility. The facility, which matures on April 20, 2016, contains covenants similar to those in our first lien revolving credit facility, with additional limitations applicable to GDTE and its subsidiaries. In addition, under the facility, GDTE’s ratio of Consolidated Net J.V. Indebtedness to Consolidated European J.V. EBITDA for a period of four consecutive fiscal quarters is not permitted to be greater than 3.0 to 1.0 at the end of any fiscal quarter. Consolidated Net J.V. Indebtedness is determined net of the sum of (1) cash and cash equivalents in excess of $100 million held by GDTE and its subsidiaries, (2) cash and cash equivalents in excess of $150 million held by the Company and its U.S. subsidiaries and (3) availability under our first lien revolving credit facility if available borrowings under our first lien revolving credit facility plus Available Cash (as defined thereunder) is equal to or greater than $150 million and the conditions to borrowing thereunder are met. Consolidated Net J.V. Indebtedness also excludes loans from other consolidated Goodyear entities. “Consolidated Net J.V. Indebtedness” and “Consolidated European J.V. EBITDA” have the meanings given them in the facility. The facility has customary representations and warranties including, as a condition to borrowing, that all such representations and warranties are true and correct, in all material respects, on the date of the borrowing, including representations as to no material adverse change in our financial condition since December 31, 2010. The facility also has customary defaults, including a cross-default to material indebtedness of Goodyear and our subsidiaries. At December 31, 2012 and 2011 there were no borrowings outstanding under the German and the all-borrower tranches. Letters of credit issued under the all-borrower tranche totaled $10 million (€7 million) at December 31, 2012 and $8 million (€6 million) at December 31, 2011. International Accounts Receivable Securitization Facilities (On-Balance Sheet) GDTE and certain of its subsidiaries are parties to a pan-European accounts receivable securitization facility that provides up to €450 million of funding and expires in 2015. Utilization under this facility is based on current to the customary renewal of its back-up liquidity available receivable balances. The facility is subject commitments. On October 18, 2012, the back-up liquidity commitments were renewed for a two-year period. The facility involves an ongoing daily sale of substantially all of the trade accounts receivable of certain GDTE subsidiaries to a bankruptcy-remote French company controlled by one of the liquidity banks in the facility. These subsidiaries retain servicing responsibilities. It is an event of default under the facility if the ratio of GDTE’s consolidated net indebtedness to its consolidated EBITDA is greater than 3.0 to 1.0. This financial covenant is substantially similar to the covenant included in the European revolving credit facility. this program totaled $348 million At December 31, 2012, (€264 million) and $192 million (€145 million), respectively. At December 31, 2011, the amount available and fully utilized under this program totaled $393 million (€303 million). The program did not qualify for sale accounting, and accordingly, these amounts are included in Long Term Debt and Capital Leases. the amounts available and utilized under 72 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES In addition to the pan-European accounts receivable securitization facility discussed above, subsidiaries in Australia have an accounts receivable securitization program. At December 31, 2012, the amounts available and utilized under this program were $99 million and $40 million, respectively. At December 31, 2011, the amount available and fully utilized under this program totaled $75 million. The receivables sold under this program also serve as collateral for the related facility. We retain the risk of loss related to these receivables in the event of non-payment. These amounts are included in Long Term Debt and Capital Leases due Within One Year at December 31, 2012 and Notes Payable and Overdrafts at December 31, 2011. Accounts Receivable Factoring Facilities (Off-Balance Sheet) Various subsidiaries sold certain of their trade receivables under off-balance sheet programs during 2012 and 2011. For these programs, we have concluded that there is generally no risk of loss to us from non-payment of the sold receivables. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the gross amount of receivables sold was $243 million and $190 million, respectively. Other Foreign Credit Facilities Our Chinese subsidiary has several financing arrangements in China. At December 31, 2012, these non-revolving credit facilities had total unused availability of 360 million renminbi ($57 million) and can only be used to finance the relocation and expansion of our manufacturing facility in China. There were $471 million and $389 million of borrowings outstanding under these facilities at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The facilities ultimately mature in 2020 and principal amortization begins in 2015. The facilities contain covenants relating to our Chinese subsidiary and have customary representations and warranties and defaults relating to our Chinese subsidiary’s ability to perform its obligations under the facilities. At December 31, 2012, there was no restricted cash related to funds obtained under these credit facilities. At December 31, 2011, restricted cash of $9 million was related to funds obtained under these credit facilities. OTHER DOMESTIC DEBT Global and North American Tire Headquarters On April 13, 2011, we entered into agreements for the construction of a new Global and North American Tire Headquarters facility in Akron, Ohio. We concurrently entered into an agreement to occupy the facility under a 27-year lease, including the two-year construction period, with multiple renewal options available at our discretion. In addition, on October 31, 2011, we entered into similar agreements for the construction and lease of a new parking deck adjacent to the Headquarters facility. Due to our continuing involvement with the financing during construction of the Headquarters facility and the parking deck, we will record a non-cash increase to fixed assets and financing liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as costs are incurred during the construction period. The total cost of the project is expected to be $200 million, of which approximately $60 million will be funded by government financing and incentives. The total financing liability is expected to approximate $140 million, of which $135 million has been recorded in Long Term Debt and Capital Leases at December 31, 2012. Completion of construction and the first payments under the leases are expected to occur in the second quarter of 2013. 73 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Debt Maturities The annual aggregate maturities of our debt and capital leases for the five years subsequent to December 31, 2012 are presented below. Maturities of debt credit agreements have been reported on the basis that the commitments to lend under these agreements will be terminated effective at the end of their current terms. (In millions) 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International $ 9 189 $ 7 60 $ 4 289 $ 3 320 $ 2 265 $198 $67 $293 $323 $267 DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS We utilize derivative financial instrument contracts and nonderivative instruments to manage interest rate, foreign exchange and commodity price risks. We have established a control environment that includes policies and procedures for risk assessment and the approval, reporting and monitoring of derivative financial instrument activities. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. Foreign Currency Contracts We will enter into foreign currency contracts in order to manage the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on our consolidated results of operations and future foreign currency-denominated cash flows. These contracts reduce exposure to currency movements affecting existing foreign currency-denominated assets, liabilities, firm commitments and forecasted transactions resulting primarily from trade purchases and sales, equipment acquisitions, intercompany loans and royalty agreements. Contracts hedging short term trade receivables and payables normally have no hedging designation. The following table presents fair values for foreign currency contracts not designated as hedging instruments: (In millions) Fair Values — asset (liability): December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2 (24) — $26 (5) (1) At December 31, 2012 and 2011, these outstanding foreign currency derivatives had notional amounts of $1,289 million and $1,056 million, respectively, and were primarily related to intercompany loans. Other Expense included a net transaction loss of $32 million and a net transaction gain of $30 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively, on foreign currency derivatives. These amounts were substantially offset in Other Expense by the effect of changing exchange rates on the underlying currency exposures. The following table presents fair values for foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedging instruments: (In millions) Fair Values — asset (liability): December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $— (5) $11 — At December 31, 2012 and 2011, these outstanding foreign currency derivatives had notional amounts of $138 million and $171 million, respectively, and primarily related to intercompany transactions. 74 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following table presents the classification of changes in fair values of foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedging instruments (before tax and minority): (In millions) (Income) Expense Amounts deferred to AOCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amount of deferred (gain) loss reclassified from AOCL into CGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amounts excluded from effectiveness testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2012 2011 $ 5 (14) (1) $ (5) 10 2 The estimated net amount of the deferred losses at December 31, 2012 that is expected to be reclassified to earnings within the next twelve months is $5 million. The counterparties to our foreign currency contracts were considered by us to be substantial and creditworthy financial institutions that are recognized market makers at the time we entered into those contracts. We seek to control our credit exposure to these counterparties by diversifying across multiple counterparties, by setting counterparty credit limits based on long term credit ratings and other indicators of counterparty credit risk such as credit default swap spreads, and by monitoring the financial strength of these counterparties on a regular basis. We also enter into master netting agreements with counterparties when possible. By controlling and monitoring exposure to counterparties in this manner, we believe that we effectively manage the risk of loss due to nonperformance by a counterparty. However, the inability of a counterparty to fulfill its contractual obligations to us could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, financial position or results of operations in the period in which it occurs. Note 15. Fair Value Measurements The following table presents information about assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011: Total Carrying Value in the Consolidated Balance Sheet Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (In millions) 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 Assets: Investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign Exchange Contracts . . . . . . . Total Assets at Fair Value . . . . . . . . . Liabilities: Foreign Exchange Contracts . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Liabilities at Fair Value . . . . . . $45 2 $47 $29 3 $32 $44 37 $81 $ 6 — $ 6 $45 — $45 $— — $— $44 — $44 $— — $— $— 2 $ 2 $29 3 $32 $— $— $— — — 37 $37 $— $— $ 5 — $ 5 $— $ 1 — — $— $ 1 75 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following table presents supplemental fair value information about long term fixed rate and variable rate debt, excluding capital leases, at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. The fair value was estimated using quoted market prices or discounted future cash flows which are considered Level 2 fair value measurements. (In millions) December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 Fixed Rate Debt: Carrying amount — liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value — liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Variable Rate Debt: Carrying amount — liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value — liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,128 3,378 $1,798 1,808 $2,843 2,891 $2,071 2,029 Note 16. Pension, Other Postretirement Benefits and Savings Plans We provide employees with defined benefit pension or defined contribution savings plans. Our principal U.S. hourly pension plans are closed to new entrants and provide benefits based on length of service. The principal U.S. salaried pension plans are frozen and provide benefits based on final five-year average earnings formulas. Salaried employees who made voluntary contributions to these plans receive higher benefits. During 2012, we recognized a settlement charge of $9 million related to the purchase of annuities from existing plan assets to settle obligations of one of our U.K. pension plans. During 2011, we recognized settlement charges of $15 million related to one of our U.S. pension plans. These settlement charges resulted from total lump sum payments exceeding annual service and interest cost for the plan. During 2010, we recognized curtailment and termination benefit charges for pensions of $76 million in connection with the closure of Union City. Also in 2010, we recognized a settlement charge of $15 million related to the purchase of annuities from existing plan assets to settle obligations of certain Canadian pension plans. In addition, we provide certain U.S. employees and employees at certain non-U.S. subsidiaries with health care benefits or life insurance benefits upon retirement. Substantial portions of the health care benefits for U.S. salaried retirees are not insured and are funded from operations. During the third quarter of 2012, we announced changes to our U.S. and Canadian salaried other postretirement benefit plans, effective January 1, 2013. The changes consist primarily of eliminating coverage for participants who are or become at least age 65 and eligible for government subsidized programs. As a result of these actions, we were required to remeasure the benefit obligations of the affected plans which resulted in the reduction of our U.S. other postretirement benefit obligation by $56 million and our Canadian other postretirement benefit obligation by $18 million. The discount rate used to measure the benefit obligation of our U.S. salaried other postretirement benefit plans at August 31, 2012 was 3.0%, compared to 4.0% at December 31, 2011. The discount rate used to measure the benefit obligation of our Canadian salaried other postretirement benefit plan at August 31, 2012 was 4.0%, compared to 4.25% at December 31, 2011. 76 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Total benefits cost and amounts recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss follows: (In millions) U.S. 2011 2012 Pension Plans Non-U.S. Other Postretirement Benefits 2010 2012 2011 2010 2012 2011 2010 Benefits cost: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 39 $ 41 $ 39 $ 31 $ 32 $ 25 $ 6 $ 6 $ 5 Service cost 33 30 24 283 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest cost (1) — (1) (306) Expected return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (37) (37) (40) 23 Amortization of prior service cost (credit) . . . . . 9 10 11 134 Amortization of net losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 (126) 2 35 150 (131) 2 38 143 (117) 2 45 261 (299) 23 179 296 (280) 31 133 Net periodic cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Curtailments/settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Termination benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 203 1 — 175 15 — 219 33 43 104 11 1 81 — 9 91 1 15 — — 1— — — — 9 8 Total benefits cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 204 $ 190 $ 295 $ 116 $ 93 $ 96 $ — $ 9 $ 17 Recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss before tax and minority: Prior service cost (credit) from plan amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ — $ 6 $ — $ Increase (decrease) in net actuarial losses . . . . . . Amortization of prior service (cost) credit in net periodic cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of net losses in net periodic cost Immediate recognition of prior service cost and unrecognized gains and losses due to curtailments, settlements, and divestitures . . . Total recognized in other comprehensive 665 735 143 372 45 1 $(82) $ — $ — 59 (4) 15 (12) (23) (179) (23) (134) (31) (133) (2) (43) (2) (38) (2) (35) 40 (11) 37 (10) 37 (9) (1) (15) (40) (11) (4) (16) — — (8) (income) loss before tax and minority . . . . . 462 563 (61) 322 1 (64) (57) 42 79 Total recognized in total benefits cost and other comprehensive (income) loss before tax and minority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 666 $ 753 $ 234 $ 438 $ 94 $ 32 $(57) $ 51 $ 96 Total benefits (credit) cost for our other postretirement benefits was $(17) million, $(12) million and $(1) million for our U.S. plans in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and $17 million, $21 million and $18 million for our non-U.S. plans in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Total benefits cost for our other postretirement benefits includes a settlement charge of $7 million in 2010 for participant data for our U.S. plans related to prior periods. We use the fair value of our pension assets in the calculation of pension expense for substantially all of our pension plans. The estimated prior service cost and net actuarial loss for the defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from AOCL into benefits cost in 2013 are $17 million and $211 million, respectively, for our U.S. plans and $1 million and $63 million, respectively, for our non-U.S. plans. The estimated prior service credit and net actuarial loss for the other postretirement benefit plans that will be amortized from AOCL into benefits cost in 2013 are a benefit of $46 million and expense of $13 million, respectively. 77 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act provides plan sponsors a federal subsidy for certain qualifying prescription drug benefits covered under the sponsor’s postretirement health care plans. Our other postretirement benefits cost is presented net of this subsidy. The change in benefit obligation and plan assets for 2012 and 2011 and the amounts recognized in our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows: (In millions) Change in benefit obligation: Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Newly adopted plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service cost — benefits earned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plan amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Actuarial (loss) gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participant contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Curtailments/settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Termination benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Divestitures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Foreign currency translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefit payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension Plans U.S. Non-U.S. Other Postretirement Benefits 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 $(5,975) $(5,641) $(2,736) $(2,696) $(582) $(604) — (24) (6) (31) (30) (143) — — (17) (383) (34) (3) — 39 — (1) 1 — 15 (88) 93 150 — (32) (150) — (84) (2) 16 (1) 5 53 155 — (41) (283) — (452) — 27 — — — 415 — (39) (261) — (863) — 1 — — — 381 — (6) (24) 82 6 (31) — — — 2 79 Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(6,756) $(5,975) $(3,220) $(2,736) $(474) $(582) Change in plan assets: Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Actual return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Company contributions to plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . Cash funding of direct participant payments . . . . . Participant contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Divestitures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Foreign currency translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Benefit payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3,523 497 454 8 — (1) — — (381) $ 3,714 23 193 35 — (27) — — (415) $ 2,091 158 193 29 3 (39) — 69 (150) $ 2,074 155 40 26 2 (15) (1) (35) (155) $ 6 — 2 46 31 — — — (79) $ 7 1 3 56 34 — (1) (1) (93) Ending balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4,100 $ 3,523 $ 2,354 $ 2,091 $ 6 $ 6 Funded status at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(2,656) $(2,452) $ (866) $ (645) $(468) $(576) Other postretirement benefits funded status was $(246) million and $(322) million for our U.S. plans at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $(222) million and $(254) million for our non-U.S. plans at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. 78 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of: (In millions) 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 Pension Plans U.S. Non-U.S. Other Postretirement Benefits Current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncurrent assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncurrent liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ — (8) (2,648) — (10) (2,442) 2 33 (23) (878) $ — $ — $ — — (52) (524) — (39) (429) 33 (21) (657) Net amount recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . $(2,656) $(2,452) $(866) $(645) $(468) $(576) Amounts recognized in AOCL, net of tax, consist of: Pension Plans U.S. Non-U.S. Other Postretirement Benefits (In millions) 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 Prior service cost (credit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 78 3,385 $ 101 2,900 $ 12 1,162 $ 8 844 $(246) 170 $(204) 185 Gross amount recognized . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minority shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . 3,463 (125) (67) 3,001 (125) (59) 1,174 (157) (174) 852 (106) (111) (76) 4 2 (19) (6) 3 Net amount recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,271 $2,817 $ 843 $ 635 $ (70) $ (22) The following table presents significant weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31: Pension Plans Other Postretirement Benefits 2012 2011 2012 2011 Discount rate: — U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Non-U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate of compensation increase: 3.71% 4.52% 3.30% 4.12% 4.12 5.64 5.88 5.07 — U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Non-U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N/A 3.23 N/A 3.36 N/A 4.12 N/A 3.71 79 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following table presents significant weighted average assumptions used to determine benefits cost for the years ended December 31: Pension Plans Other Postretirement Benefits 2012 2011 2010 2012 2011 2010 Discount rate: — U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Non-U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected long term return on plan assets: — U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Non-U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate of compensation increase: — U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Non-U.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.52% 5.20% 5.75% 3.98% 4.62% 5.45% 5.07 5.54 5.68 6.79 6.52 5.91 8.50 5.56 N/A 3.36 8.50 6.29 N/A 3.43 8.50 6.60 N/A 3.94 N/A N/A N/A 3.71 N/A N/A N/A 3.99 N/A N/A N/A 4.21 For 2012, an assumed weighted average discount rate of 4.52% was used for the U.S. pension plans. This rate was developed from a portfolio of bonds from issuers rated AA or higher by established rating agencies as of December 31, 2011, with cash flows similar to the timing of our expected benefit payment cash flows. For our non-U.S. locations, a weighted average discount rate of 5.07% was used. This rate was developed based on the nature of the liabilities and local environments, using available bond indices, yield curves, and long term inflation. For 2012, an expected long term rate of return of 8.50% was used for the U.S. pension plans. In developing this rate, we evaluated the compound annualized returns of our U.S. pension fund over a period of 15 years or more through December 31, 2011. In addition, we evaluated input from our pension fund consultant on asset class return expectations and long term inflation. For our non-U.S. locations, a weighted average assumed long term rate of return of 5.56% was used. Input from local pension fund consultants concerning asset class return expectations and long term inflation form the basis of this assumption. The following table presents estimated future benefit payments from the plans as of December 31, 2012. Benefit payments for other postretirement benefits are presented net of retiree contributions: (In millions) Pension Plans Other Postretirement Benefits U.S. Non-U.S. Without Medicare Part D Subsidy Medicare Part D Subsidy Receipts 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2018-2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 426 407 425 423 421 2,100 $154 155 159 167 170 930 $ 42 37 36 35 34 162 $(1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (6) 80 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following table presents selected information on our pension plans: (In millions) All plans: U.S. Non-U.S. 2012 2011 2012 2011 Accumulated benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,738 $5,961 $3,094 $2,659 Plans not fully-funded: Projected benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,756 6,738 4,100 $5,975 5,961 3,523 $2,668 2,564 1,770 $2,572 2,505 1,899 Certain non-U.S. subsidiaries maintain unfunded pension plans consistent with local practices and requirements. At December 31, 2012, these plans accounted for $318 million of our accumulated pension benefit obligation, $366 million of our projected pension benefit obligation, and $99 million of our AOCL adjustment. At December 31, 2011, these plans accounted for $249 million of our accumulated pension benefit obligation, $270 million of our projected pension benefit obligation, and $35 million of our AOCL adjustment. We expect to contribute approximately $275 million to $325 million to our funded U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans in 2013. Assumed health care cost trend rates at December 31 follow: 2012 2011 Health care cost trend rate assumed for the next year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate) . . . . . . Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2% 8.2% 5.0 2017 5.0 2017 A 1% change in the assumed health care cost trend would have increased (decreased) the accumulated other postretirement benefits obligation at December 31, 2012 and the aggregate service and interest cost for the year then ended as follows: (In millions) 1% Increase 1% Decrease Accumulated other postretirement benefits obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aggregate service and interest cost $29 3 $(27) (3) Our pension plan weighted average investment allocation at December 31, by asset category, follows: U.S. Non-U.S. 2012 2011 2012 2011 Cash and short term securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5% 62 32 1 1% 63 35 1 2% 27 58 13 2% 26 59 13 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100% 100% 100% 100% Our pension investment policy recognizes the long term nature of pension liabilities, the benefits of diversification across asset classes and the effects of inflation. The diversified portfolio is designed to maximize returns consistent with levels of liquidity and investment risk that are prudent and reasonable. All assets are managed externally according to target asset allocation guidelines we have established. Manager guidelines prohibit the use of any type of investment derivative without our prior approval. Portfolio risk is controlled by having managers comply with guidelines, establishing the maximum size of any single holding in their portfolios 81 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES and by using managers with different investment styles. We periodically undertake asset and liability modeling studies to determine the appropriateness of the investments. Subsequent to December 31, 2012, substantially all of our U.S. pension plans entered into short term zero cost equity and interest rate option strategies to reduce a significant portion of our U.S. pension funded status volatility that occurs due to equity and interest rate movements. The portfolio of our U.S. pension plan assets includes holdings of U.S., non-U.S., and private equities, global high quality and high yield fixed income securities, and short term interest bearing deposits. The target asset allocation of the U.S. pension fund is 70% equities and 30% fixed income. Actual U.S. pension fund asset allocations are reviewed on a periodic basis and the pension fund is rebalanced to target ranges on an as needed basis. The portfolios of our non-U.S. pension plans include holdings of U.S. and non-U.S. equities, global high quality and high yield fixed income securities, hedge funds, currency derivatives, insurance contracts, and short term interest bearing deposits. The weighted average target asset allocation of the non-U.S. pension funds is approximately 30% equities, 60% fixed income, and 10% alternative investments. The fair values of our pension plan assets at December 31, 2012, by asset category are as follows: U.S. Non-U.S. Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (In millions) Total Cash and Short Term Securities . . $ Equity Securities Common and Preferred Stock: U.S. Companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-U.S. Companies . . . . . . . . . Commingled Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . Mutual Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Partnership Interests . . . . . . . . . . . Debt Securities Corporate Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset Backed Securities . . . . . . . . Commingled Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . Mutual Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternatives Commingled Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . Real Estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 $ 207 $ 11 $ — $ 56 $ 32 $ 24 $ — 64 721 1,487 — 254 519 332 54 381 16 — 48 2 64 715 — — — — — — — — — 48 — — 6 1,487 — 63 518 332 54 381 16 — — — — — — — 191 1 — — — — — — 2 50 119 376 101 — 130 482 5 723 44 150 142 19 50 119 21 13 — 15 481 2 10 39 3 — — — — 355 88 — 115 1 3 713 5 4 4 — — — — — — — — — — — 143 138 19 Total Investments . . . . . . . . . . 4,096 $1,034 $2,868 $194 2,397 $785 $1,312 $300 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Total Plan Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . $4,100 (43) $2,354 82 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The fair values of our pension plan assets at December 31, 2011, by asset category are as follows: U.S. Non-U.S. Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Other Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (In millions) Total Cash and Short Term Securities . . . . $ Equity Securities Common and Preferred Stock: 51 $ 51 $ — $ — $ 49 $ 34 $ 15 $ — U.S. Companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-U.S. Companies . . . . . . . . . . 58 609 Commingled Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,323 — Mutual Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Partnership Interests . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debt Securities Corporate Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset Backed Securities . . . . . . . . . . Commingled Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mutual Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternatives Commingled Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . Real Estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 329 55 415 7 — 36 1 58 606 — — — — — — — — — 36 — — 3 1,323 — 62 409 328 55 415 7 — — — — — — — 157 — 1 — — — — — 1 47 110 293 98 — 95 382 3 703 50 128 126 20 47 110 19 13 — 12 364 — 8 42 2 — — — — 274 85 — 83 18 3 695 8 4 4 1 — — — — — — — — — — 122 122 19 Total Investments . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,512 $751 $2,602 $159 2,104 $651 $1,190 $263 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Total Plan Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,523 (13) $2,091 At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Plans did not directly hold any of our common stock. The classification of fair value measurements within the hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement. Valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value are as follows: • Cash and Short Term Securities: Cash and cash equivalents consist of U.S. and foreign currencies. Foreign currencies are reported in U.S. dollars based on currency exchange rates readily available in active markets. Short term securities are valued at the net asset value of units held at year end, as determined by the investment manager. • Equity Securities: Common and preferred stock are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded. Commingled funds are valued at the net asset value of units held at year end, as determined by a pricing vendor or the fund family. Mutual funds are valued at the net asset value of shares held at year end, as determined by the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded, or a pricing vendor or the fund family if an active market is not available. Partnership interests are priced based on valuations using the partnership’s available financial statements coinciding with our year end, adjusted for any cash transactions which occurred between the date of those financial statements and our year end. • Debt Securities: Corporate and government bonds, including asset backed securities, are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded, or based on 83 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES institutional bid evaluations using proprietary models if an active market is not available. Commingled funds are valued at the net asset value of units held at year end, as determined by a pricing vendor or the fund family. Mutual funds are valued at the net asset value of shares held at year end, as determined by the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded, or a pricing vendor or the fund family if an active market is not available. • Alternatives: Commingled funds are invested in hedge funds and currency derivatives, which are valued at the net asset value as determined by the fund manager based on the most recent financial information available, which typically represents significant unobservable data. Real estate held in real estate investment trusts are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded. Participation in real estate funds are valued at the net asset value as determined by the fund manager based on the most recent financial information available, which typically represents significant unobservable data. Other investments include derivative financial instruments, which are primarily valued using independent pricing sources which utilize industry standard derivative valuation models and directed insurance contracts, which are valued as reported by the issuer. The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. The following table sets forth a summary of changes in fair value of the pension plan investments classified as Level 3 for the year ended December 31, 2012: (In millions) U.S. Partnership Interests Balance, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Realized gains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized gains relating to instruments still held at the reporting date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements (net) . . . . . . . . . Transfers out of Level 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $157 4 — 30 — — Non-U.S. Commingled Funds Real Estate Other $122 — $122 — 5 10 — 6 — 10 — 6 $19 — — — — — Other $ 2 — — — 1 — Balance, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $191 $ 3 $143 $138 $19 The following table sets forth a summary of changes in fair value of the pension plan investments classified as Level 3 for the year ended December 31, 2011: (In millions) U.S. Partnership Interests Balance, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Realized gains (losses) Unrealized (losses) gains relating to instruments still held at the reporting date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements (net) . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $138 9 (2) 12 — Non-U.S. Commingled Funds Real Estate Other $118 (2) $100 — $23 — (2) 9 (1) 5 18 (1) — (3) (1) Other $ 3 — (1) — — Balance, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $157 $ 2 $122 $122 $19 Other postretirement benefits plan assets at December 31, 2012 and 2011, which relate to a non-U.S. plan, are invested primarily in mutual funds and are considered a Level 1 investment. 84 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Savings Plans Substantially all employees in the U.S. and employees of certain non-U.S. locations are eligible to participate in a defined contribution savings plan. Expenses recognized for contributions to these plans were $97 million, $98 million and $93 million for 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Note 17. Stock Compensation Plans Our 2002 Performance Plan and 2005 Performance Plan (collectively the “Plans”) permitted grants of performance share units, stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), and restricted stock to employees. The Plans expired on April 15, 2005 and April 26, 2008, respectively, except for grants then outstanding. Our 2008 Performance Plan, which was adopted on April 8, 2008 and is due to expire on April 8, 2018, permits the grant of performance share units, stock options, SARs, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based grants and awards and cash-based grants and awards to employees and directors. A total of 8,000,000 shares of our common stock may be issued in respect of grants made under the 2008 Performance Plan. Any shares of common stock that are subject to awards of stock options or SARs will be counted as one share for each share granted for purposes of the aggregate share limit and any shares of common stock that are subject to any other awards will be counted as 1.61 shares for each share granted for purposes of the aggregate share limit. In addition, shares of common stock that are subject to awards issued under the 2008 Performance Plan or certain prior equity compensation plans that expire according to their terms or are forfeited, terminated, canceled or surrendered or are settled, or can be paid, only in cash will be available for issuance pursuant to a new grant or award under the 2008 Performance Plan. Shares issued under our stock-based compensation plans are usually issued from shares of our common stock held in treasury. Stock Options Grants of stock options and SARs (collectively referred to as “options”) under the Plans and the 2008 Performance Plan generally have a graded vesting period of four years whereby one-fourth of the awards vest on each of the first four anniversaries of the grant date, an exercise price equal to the fair market value of one share of our common stock on the date of grant (calculated as the average of the high and low price on that date or, with respect to the 2008 Performance Plan, the closing market price on that date) and a contractual term of ten years. The exercise of tandem SARs cancels an equivalent number of stock options and conversely, the exercise of stock options cancels an equivalent number of tandem SARs. Option grants are cancelled on, or 90 days following, termination of employment unless termination is due to retirement, death or disability under certain circumstances, in which case, all outstanding options vest fully and remain outstanding for a term set forth in the related grant agreement. Under the Plans, the exercise of certain stock options through a share swap, whereby the employee exercising the stock options tenders shares of our common stock then owned by such employee towards the exercise price plus taxes, if any, due from such employee, results in an immediate grant of new options (hereinafter referred to as “reload” options) equal to the number of shares so tendered plus any shares tendered to satisfy the employee’s income tax obligations on the transaction. Each such grant of reload options vests on the first anniversary of its respective grant date, has an exercise price equal to the fair market value of one share of our common stock on the date of grant (calculated as the average of the high and low price on that date) and a contractual term equal to the remaining contractual term of the original option. The subsequent exercise of such reload options through a share swap does not result in the grant of any additional reload options. The 2008 Performance Plan does not permit the grant of reload options. 85 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES The following table summarizes the activity related to options during 2012: Options Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In millions) Outstanding at January 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,787,824 Options granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,004,429 (513,910) Options exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (140,502) Options expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (608,979) Options cancelled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $14.84 12.79 7.98 8.89 17.34 Outstanding at December 31 . . . . . . . . . 13,528,862 14.75 Vested and expected to vest at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,049,005 Exercisable at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . 9,166,525 Available for grant at December 31 . . . . 6,510,610 14.84 15.92 $ 2 26 24 19 5.5 5.3 4.1 In addition, the aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised in 2011 and 2010 was $10 million and $1 million, respectively. Significant option groups outstanding at December 31, 2012 and related weighted average exercise price and remaining contractual term information follows: Grant Date 2/27/2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/22/2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/23/2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/26/2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/21/2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2/27/2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/6/2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/9/2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12/2/2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Exercise Price Remaining Contractual Term(Years) 1,734,582 1,311,165 1,250,773 1,631,988 1,109,994 1,239,522 825,642 1,465,881 682,576 2,276,739 4,156 343,417 665,443 1,230,591 1,109,994 1,239,522 825,642 1,465,881 682,576 1,599,303 13,528,862 9,166,525 $12.94 13.91 12.74 4.81 26.74 24.71 17.15 12.54 6.81 (1) 9.2 8.2 7.2 6.2 5.2 4.2 2.9 1.9 0.9 (1) (1) Options in the “All other” category had exercise prices ranging from $5.52 to $36.25. The weighted average exercise price for options outstanding and exercisable in that category was $16.52 and $18.27, respectively, while the remaining weighted average contractual term was 5.0 and 3.5 years, respectively. 86 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Weighted average grant date fair values of stock options and the assumptions used in estimating those fair values are as follows: Weighted average grant date fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black-Scholes model assumptions(1): Expected term (years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2012 2011 2010 $6.33 $6.94 $6.45 6.25 6.25 6.25 1.09% 2.28% 2.58% 50.8% 49.5% 50.5% — — — (1) We review the assumptions used in our Black-Scholes model in conjunction with estimating the grant date fair value of the annual grants of stock-based awards by our Board of Directors. Performance Share Units Performance share units granted under the 2008 Performance Plan are earned over a three-year period beginning January 1 of the year of grant. Total units earned for grants made in 2012, may vary between 0% and 200% of the units granted based on the attainment of performance targets during the related three-year period and continued service. Total units earned for grants made in 2011 and 2010, may vary between 0% and 150% of the units granted based on the attainment of performance targets during the related three-year period and continued service. The performance targets are established by the Board of Directors. All of the units earned will be settled through the issuance of an equivalent number of shares of our common stock and are equity classified. Eligible employees may elect to defer receiving the payout of all or a portion of their units earned until termination of employment. For grants made in 2010 and later under the 2008 Performance Plan, each deferred unit equates to one share of our common stock and is payable 100% in shares of our common stock at the expiration of the deferral period. The following table summarizes the activity related to performance share units during 2012: Units Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Unvested at January 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Units granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Units vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Units forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295,460 174,877 (132,845) (18,563) Unvested at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318,929 $14.13 13.57 12.55 14.14 14.48 We measure the fair value of grants of performance share units based primarily on the closing market price of a share of our common stock on the date of the grant, modified as appropriate to take into account the features of such grants. 87 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Other Information Stock-based compensation expense, cash payments made to settle SARs and performance share units, and cash received from the exercise of stock options follows: (In millions) Stock-based compensation expense recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . After-tax stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 2011 2010 $15 — $15 $18 — $18 $26 — $26 Cash payments to settle SARs and performance share units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash received from stock option exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $— $— $— 1 8 4 As of December 31, 2012, unearned compensation cost related to the unvested portion of all stock-based awards was approximately $25 million and is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting period of the respective grants, through December 31, 2016. Note 18. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities Environmental Matters We have recorded liabilities totaling $43 million and $46 million at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, for anticipated costs related to various environmental matters, primarily the remediation of numerous waste disposal sites and certain properties sold by us. Of these amounts, $9 million and $11 million were included in Other Current Liabilities at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The costs include legal and consulting fees, site studies, the design and implementation of remediation plans, post- remediation monitoring and related activities, and will be paid over several years. The amount of our ultimate liability in respect of these matters may be affected by several uncertainties, primarily the ultimate cost of required remediation and the extent to which other responsible parties contribute. We have limited potential insurance coverage for future environmental claims. Since many of the remediation activities related to environmental matters vary substantially in duration and cost from site to site and the associated costs for each vary depending on the mix of unique site characteristics, in some cases we cannot reasonably estimate a range of possible losses. Although it is not possible to estimate with certainty the outcome of all of our environmental matters, management believes that potential losses in excess of current reserves for environmental matters, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations. Workers’ Compensation We have recorded liabilities, on a discounted basis, totaling $307 million and $302 million for anticipated costs related to workers’ compensation at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Of these amounts, $57 million and $63 million were included in Current Liabilities as part of Compensation and Benefits at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The costs include an estimate of expected settlements on pending claims, defense costs and a provision for claims incurred but not reported. These estimates are based on our assessment of potential liability using an analysis of available information with respect to pending claims, historical experience, and current cost trends. The amount of our ultimate liability in respect of these matters may differ from these estimates. We periodically, and at least annually, update our loss development factors based on actuarial analyses. At December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the liability was discounted using a risk-free rate of return. At December 31, 2012, we estimate that it is reasonably possible that the liability could exceed our recorded amounts by approximately $40 million. 88 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES General and Product Liability and Other Litigation We have recorded liabilities totaling $298 million and $293 million, including related legal fees expected to be incurred, for potential product liability and other tort claims, including asbestos claims, presently asserted against us at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. Of these amounts, $40 million were included in Other Current Liabilities at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011. The amounts recorded were estimated based on an assessment of potential liability using an analysis of available information with respect to pending claims, historical experience and, where available, recent and current trends. Based upon that assessment, at December 31, 2012, we do not believe that estimated reasonably possible losses associated with general and product liability claims in excess of the amounts recorded will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations. However, the amount of our ultimate liability in respect of these matters may differ from these estimates. Asbestos. We are a defendant in numerous lawsuits alleging various asbestos-related personal injuries purported to result from alleged exposure to asbestos in certain products manufactured by us or present in certain of our facilities. Typically, these lawsuits have been brought against multiple defendants in state and Federal courts. To date, we have disposed of approximately 105,600 claims by defending and obtaining the dismissal thereof or by entering into a settlement. The sum of our accrued asbestos-related liability and gross payments to date, including legal costs, totaled approximately $407 million through December 31, 2012 and $388 million through December 31, 2011. A summary of recent approximate asbestos claims activity follows. Because claims are often filed and disposed of by dismissal or settlement in large numbers, the amount and timing of settlements and the number of open claims during a particular period can fluctuate significantly. (Dollars in millions) 2012 2011 2010 Pending claims, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New claims filed during the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Claims settled/dismissed during the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,500 2,200 (7,500) 83,700 2,200 (7,400) 90,200 1,700 (8,200) Pending claims, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,200 78,500 83,700 Payments(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 18 $ 23 $ 26 (1) Represents amount spent by us and our insurers on asbestos litigation defense and claim resolution. We periodically, and at least annually, review our existing reserves for pending claims, including a reasonable estimate of the liability associated with unasserted asbestos claims, and estimate our receivables from probable insurance recoveries. We had recorded gross liabilities for both asserted and unasserted claims, inclusive of defense costs, totaling $139 million and $138 million at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The recorded liability represents our estimated liability over the next ten years, which represents the period over which the liability can be reasonably estimated. Due to the difficulties in making these estimates, analysis based on new data and/or a change in circumstances arising in the future could result in an increase in the recorded obligation in an amount that cannot be reasonably estimated, and that increase could be significant. The portion of the liability associated with unasserted asbestos claims and related defense costs was $68 million at December 31, 2012 and $64 million at December 31, 2011. At December 31, 2012, our liability with respect to asserted claims and related defense costs was $71 million, compared to $74 million at December 31, 2011. We maintain primary insurance coverage under coverage-in-place agreements, and also have excess liability insurance with respect to asbestos liabilities. After consultation with our outside legal counsel and giving consideration to agreements with certain of our insurance carriers, the financial viability and legal obligations of our insurance carriers and other relevant factors, we determine an amount we expect is probable of recovery from such carriers. We record a receivable with respect to such policies when we determine that recovery is probable and we can reasonably estimate the amount of a particular recovery. 89 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES We recorded a receivable related to asbestos claims of $73 million at December 31, 2012 and $67 million at December 31, 2011. We expect that approximately 50% of asbestos claim related losses would be recoverable through insurance through the period covered by the estimated liability. Of these amounts, $10 million was included in Current Assets as part of Accounts Receivable at December 31, 2012 and $8 million at December 31, 2011. The recorded receivable consists of an amount we expect to collect under coverage-in-place agreements with certain primary carriers as well as an amount we believe is probable of recovery from certain of our excess coverage insurance carriers. We believe that, at December 31, 2012, we had approximately $160 million in limits of excess level policies potentially applicable to indemnity and defense costs for asbestos products claims. We also had coverage under certain primary policies for indemnity and defense costs for asbestos products claims under remaining aggregate limits, as well as coverage for indemnity and defense costs for asbestos premises claims on a per occurrence basis, pursuant to coverage-in-place agreements at December 31, 2012. We believe that our reserve for asbestos claims, and the receivable for recoveries from insurance carriers recorded in respect of these claims, reflects reasonable and probable estimates of these amounts, subject to the exclusion of claims for which it is not feasible to make reasonable estimates. The estimate of the assets and liabilities related to pending and expected future asbestos claims and insurance recoveries is subject to numerous uncertainties, including, but not limited to, changes in: • the litigation environment, • Federal and state law governing the compensation of asbestos claimants, • recoverability of receivables due to potential insolvency of carriers, • our approach to defending and resolving claims, and • the level of payments made to claimants from other sources, including other defendants and 524(g) trusts. As a result, with respect to both asserted and unasserted claims, it is reasonably possible that we may incur a material amount of cost in excess of the current reserve; however, such amounts cannot be reasonably estimated. Coverage under insurance policies is subject to varying characteristics of asbestos claims including, but not limited to, the type of claim (premise vs. product exposure), alleged date of first exposure to our products or premises and disease alleged. Depending upon the nature of these characteristics, as well as the resolution of certain legal issues, some portion of the insurance may not be accessible by us. Other Actions. We are currently a party to various claims and legal proceedings in addition to those noted above. If management believes that a loss arising from these matters is probable and can reasonably be estimated, we record the amount of the loss, or the minimum estimated liability when the loss is estimated using a range, and no point within the range is more probable than another. As additional information becomes available, any potential liability related to these matters is assessed and the estimates are revised, if necessary. Based on currently available information, management believes that the ultimate outcome of these matters, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or overall trends in results of operations. Our recorded liabilities and estimates of reasonably possible losses for the contingent liabilities described above are based on our assessment of potential liability using the information available to us at the time and, where applicable, any past experience and recent and current trends with respect to similar matters. Our contingent liabilities are subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable judicial or administrative decisions could occur which we did not anticipate. Such an unfavorable decision could include monetary damages, fines or other penalties or an injunction prohibiting us from taking certain actions or selling certain products. If such an unfavorable decision were to occur, it could result in a material adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations in the period in which the decision occurs, or in future periods. 90 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Income Tax and Other Tax Matters The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. We recognize liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If we ultimately determine that payment of these amounts is unnecessary, we reverse the liability and recognize a tax benefit during the period in which we determine that the liability is no longer necessary. We also recognize income tax benefits to the extent that it is more likely than not that our positions will be sustained when challenged by the taxing authorities. We derecognize income tax benefits when based on new information we determine that it is no longer more likely than not that our position will be sustained. To the extent we prevail in matters for which liabilities have been established, or determine we need to derecognize tax benefits recorded in prior periods, our results of operations and effective tax rate in a given period could be materially affected. An unfavorable tax settlement would require use of our cash, and lead to recognition of expense to the extent the settlement amount exceeds recorded liabilities and, in the case of an income tax settlement, result in an increase in our effective tax rate in the period of resolution. A favorable tax settlement would be recognized as a reduction of expense to the extent the settlement amount is lower than recorded liabilities and, in the case of an income tax settlement, would result in a reduction in our effective tax rate in the period of resolution. While the Company applies consistent transfer pricing policies and practices globally, supports transfer prices through economic studies, seeks advance pricing agreements and joint audits to the extent possible and believes its transfer prices to be appropriate, such transfer prices, and related interpretations of tax laws, are occasionally challenged by various taxing authorities globally. We have received various tax assessments challenging our interpretations of applicable tax laws in various jurisdictions. Although we believe we have complied with applicable tax laws, have strong positions and defenses and have historically been successful in defending such claims, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected in the case we are unsuccessful in the defense of existing or future claims. including interest and penalties, In September 2011, the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil issued an assessment to us for allegedly improperly taking tax credits for value-added taxes paid to a supplier of natural rubber during the period from January 2006 to August totals 92 million Brazilian real (approximately 2008. The assessment, $45 million). We received similar assessments from the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil in December 2010 for allegedly improperly taking tax credits for value-added taxes paid to other suppliers of natural rubber during the period from January 2006 to October 2009. These assessments, totaled 88 million Brazilian real (approximately $43 million). We have filed responses contesting all of the assessments and are defending these matters. In the event we are unsuccessful in defending one or more of these assessments, our results of operations could be materially affected. including interest and penalties, Binding Commitments and Guarantees At December 31, 2012, we had binding commitments for raw materials, capital expenditures, utilities, and various other types of contracts. Total commitments on contracts that extend beyond 2013 are expected to total approximately $3.4 billion. In addition, we have other contractual commitments, the amounts of which cannot be estimated, pursuant to certain long term agreements under which we will purchase varying amounts of certain raw materials and finished goods at agreed upon base prices that may be subject to periodic adjustments for changes in raw material costs and market price adjustments, or in quantities that may be subject to periodic adjustments for changes in our or our suppliers’ production levels. We have off-balance sheet financial guarantees written and other commitments totaling approximately $45 million at December 31, 2012, compared to $105 million at December 31, 2011, primarily related to our obligations in connection with the financing of the construction of our new Global and North American Tire Headquarters facility. In addition, we will from time to time issue guarantees to financial institutions or other entities on behalf of certain of our affiliates, lessors or customers. Normally there is no separate premium 91 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES received by us as consideration for the issuance of guarantees. We also generally do not require collateral in connection with the issuance of these guarantees. If our performance under these guarantees is triggered by non- payment or another specified event, we would be obligated to make payment to the financial institution or the other entity, and would typically have recourse to the affiliate, lessor or customer. The guarantees expire at various times through 2023. We are unable to estimate the extent to which our affiliates’, lessors’ or customers’ assets would be adequate to recover any payments made by us under the related guarantees. Indemnifications At December 31, 2012, we were a party to various agreements under which we had assumed obligations to indemnify the counterparties from certain potential claims and losses. These agreements typically involve standard commercial activities undertaken by us in the normal course of business; the sale of assets by us; the formation of joint venture businesses to which we had contributed assets in exchange for ownership interests; and other financial transactions. Indemnifications provided by us pursuant to these agreements relate to various matters including, among other things, environmental, tax and shareholder matters; intellectual property rights; government regulations and employment-related matters; and dealer, supplier and other commercial matters. Certain indemnifications expire from time to time, and certain other indemnifications are not subject to an expiration date. In addition, our potential liability under certain indemnifications is subject to maximum caps, while other indemnifications are not subject to caps. Although we have been subject to indemnification claims in the past, we cannot reasonably estimate the number, type and size of indemnification claims that may arise in the future. Due to these and other uncertainties associated with the indemnifications, our maximum exposure to loss under these agreements cannot be estimated. We have determined that there are no indemnifications or guarantees other than liabilities for which amounts are already recorded or reserved in our consolidated financial statements under which it is probable that we have incurred a liability. Warranty We recorded $24 million and $20 million for potential claims under warranties offered by us at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, the majority of which is recorded in Other Current Liabilities. The following table presents changes in the warranty reserve during 2012 and 2011: (in millions) Balance at January 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments made during the period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expense recorded during the period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 2011 $ 20 (17) 21 — $ 17 (11) 15 (1) Balance at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 24 $ 20 Note 19. Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock On March 31, 2011, we issued 10,000,000 shares of our 5.875% mandatory convertible preferred stock, without par value and with an initial liquidation preference of $50.00 per share, at a price of $50.00 per share. Quarterly dividends on each share of the mandatory convertible preferred stock will accrue at a rate of 5.875% per year on the initial liquidation preference of $50.00 per share. Dividends will accrue and accumulate from the date of issuance and, to the extent that we are legally permitted to pay a dividend and the Board of Directors declares a dividend payable, we will pay dividends in cash on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of each year, commencing on July 1, 2011 and ending on April 1, 2014. The mandatory convertible preferred stock ranks senior to our common stock with respect to distribution rights in the event of any liquidation, winding-up or dissolution of the Company. 92 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Unless converted earlier, each share of the mandatory convertible preferred stock will automatically convert on April 1, 2014 into between 2.7454 and 3.4317 shares of common stock, depending on the market value of our common stock for the 20 consecutive trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to April 1, 2014, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. At any time prior to April 1, 2014, holders may elect to convert shares of the mandatory convertible preferred stock at the minimum conversion rate of 2.7454 shares of common stock, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. If certain fundamental changes involving the Company occur, holders of the mandatory convertible preferred stock may convert their shares into a number of shares of common stock at the fundamental change conversion rate described in our Amended Articles of Incorporation. If the Company at any time has not paid the equivalent of six full quarterly dividends on the mandatory convertible preferred stock, the Company may, at its option, cause all, but not less than all, outstanding shares of the mandatory convertible preferred stock to be automatically converted into a number of shares of our common stock based on the fundamental change conversion rate. Upon conversion, we will pay converting holders all accrued and unpaid dividends, whether or not previously declared, on the converted shares and, in the case of a conversion upon a fundamental change or a conversion following nonpayment of dividends, the present value of the remaining dividend payments on the converted shares. Except as required by law or as specifically set forth in our Amended Articles of Incorporation, the holders of the mandatory convertible preferred stock have no voting rights. So long as any of the mandatory convertible preferred stock is outstanding, no dividend, except a dividend payable in shares of our common stock, or other shares ranking junior to the mandatory convertible preferred stock, may be paid or declared or any distribution be made on shares of the common stock unless all accrued and unpaid dividends on the then outstanding mandatory convertible preferred stock payable on all dividend payment dates occurring on or prior to the date of such action have been declared and paid or funds sufficient therefor set apart. During 2012 and 2011, we paid cash dividends of $29 million and $15 million, respectively. On December 2, 2012, the Company’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends of $0.7344 per share of mandatory convertible preferred stock, or $7 million in the aggregate. The dividend was paid on January 2, 2013 to stockholders of record as of the close of business of December 14, 2012. Note 20. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss The components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss follow: (In millions) 2012 2011 Foreign currency translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrecognized net actuarial losses and prior service costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred derivative gain (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized investment gains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (538) (4,044) (4) 26 $ (594) (3,430) 7 26 Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(4,560) $(3,991) 93 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Note 21. Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates The following tables present summarized financial information for financial position and results of operations of our investments accounted for under the equity method: (In millions) Financial Position: 2012 2011 Current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncurrent assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncurrent liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncontrolling interests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $739 84 489 19 51 $655 72 460 29 38 Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Results of Operations: Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income attributable to investee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,058 672 136 123 $1,808 596 80 69 $1,547 508 70 63 Our equity in the earnings of unconsolidated affiliates was $34 million, $19 million and $11 million in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Note 22. Consolidating Financial Information Certain of our subsidiaries have guaranteed our obligations under the $1.0 billion outstanding principal amount of 8.25% senior notes due 2020, the $282 million outstanding principal amount of 8.75% notes due 2020, and the $700 million outstanding principal amount of 7% senior notes due 2022 (collectively, the “notes”). The following presents the condensed consolidating financial information separately for: (i) The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company (the “Parent Company”), the issuer of the guaranteed obligations; (ii) Guarantor subsidiaries, on a combined basis, as specified in the indentures related to Goodyear’s obligations under the notes; (iii) Non-guarantor subsidiaries, on a combined basis; (iv) Consolidating entries and eliminations representing adjustments to (a) eliminate intercompany transactions between or among the Parent Company, the guarantor subsidiaries and the non- guarantor subsidiaries, record consolidating entries; and (b) eliminate the investments in our subsidiaries, and (c) (v) The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company and Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Each guarantor subsidiary is 100% owned by the Parent Company at the date of each balance sheet presented. The notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a joint and several basis by each guarantor subsidiary. The guarantees of the guarantor subsidiaries are subject to release in limited circumstances only upon the occurrence of certain customary conditions. Each entity in the consolidating financial information follows the same accounting policies as described in the consolidated financial statements, except for the use by the Parent Company and guarantor subsidiaries of the equity method of accounting to reflect ownership interests in subsidiaries which are eliminated upon consolidation. Changes in intercompany receivables and payables related to operations, such as intercompany sales or service charges, are included in cash flows from operating activities. Intercompany transactions reported as investing or financing activities include the sale of the capital stock of various subsidiaries, loans and other capital transactions between members of the consolidated group. Effective in the second quarter of 2012, Wingfoot Mold Leasing Company became a guarantor subsidiary. All periods presented have been restated to reflect Wingfoot Mold Leasing Company as a guarantor subsidiary. 94 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Certain non-guarantor subsidiaries of the Parent Company are restricted from remitting funds to it by means of dividends, advances or loans due to required foreign government and/or currency exchange board approvals or restrictions in credit agreements or other debt instruments of those subsidiaries. (In millions) Assets: Current Assets: Consolidating Balance Sheet December 31, 2012 Parent Company Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidating Entries and Eliminations Consolidated Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts Receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts Receivable From Affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Total Current Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intangible Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred Income Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investments in Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, Plant and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 802 905 — 1,263 64 3,034 — 110 — 240 3,986 2,260 $ 68 212 668 176 10 1,134 25 1 56 61 299 151 $ 1,411 1,446 — 1,893 321 5,071 516 29 130 228 4,576 4,565 $ — — (668) (82) 9 (741) 123 — — — (8,861) (20) $ 2,281 2,563 — 3,250 404 8,498 664 140 186 529 — 6,956 Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,630 $1,727 $15,115 $(9,499) $16,973 Liabilities: Current Liabilities: Accounts Payable-Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts Payable to Affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compensation and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Current Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes Payable and Overdrafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Debt and Capital Leases Due Within One Year . . . . $ Total Current Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Debt and Capital Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compensation and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred and Other Noncurrent Income Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Long Term Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commitments and Contingent Liabilities Minority Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ Equity: Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity: Preferred Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital Surplus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retained Earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minority Shareholders’ Equity — Nonredeemable . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779 485 384 350 — 9 2,007 3,462 2,941 41 809 9,260 — 500 245 2,815 1,370 (4,560) 370 — 370 $ 214 — 31 32 — — 277 — 195 6 32 510 — — 339 53 1,367 (542) 1,217 — 1,217 $ 2,230 183 304 808 102 87 3,714 1,426 1,204 219 159 6,722 327 — 5,305 1,096 2,879 (1,469) 7,811 255 8,066 $ — (668) — (8) — — (676) — — (2) — (678) 207 — (5,644) (1,149) (4,246) 2,011 (9,028) — (9,028) $ 3,223 — 719 1,182 102 96 5,322 4,888 4,340 264 1,000 15,814 534 500 245 2,815 1,370 (4,560) 370 255 625 Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,630 $1,727 $15,115 $(9,499) $16,973 95 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidating Balance Sheet December 31, 2011 Parent Company Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidating Entries and Eliminations Consolidated (In millions) Assets: Current Assets: Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Accounts Receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts Receivable From Affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets . . . . . . . . . . Total Current Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intangible Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred Income Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investments in Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, Plant and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916 984 — 1,579 53 3,532 — 110 — 226 4,067 2,129 $ 112 217 513 227 9 1,078 25 1 82 49 339 166 $ 1,744 1,648 203 2,135 262 5,992 460 46 63 211 4,367 4,040 $ — — (716) (85) 11 (790) 169 — — — (8,773) 40 $ 2,772 2,849 — 3,856 335 9,812 654 157 145 486 — 6,375 Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,064 $1,740 $15,179 $(9,354) $17,629 $ 199 — 31 35 — $ 2,544 — 323 687 256 925 716 445 344 — 11 2,441 3,271 2,793 32 778 9,315 — Liabilities: Current Liabilities: Accounts Payable-Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Accounts Payable to Affiliates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compensation and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Current Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes Payable and Overdrafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Debt and Capital Leases Due Within One Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Current Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Debt and Capital Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compensation and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred and Other Noncurrent Income Taxes . . . . . . . . . . Other Long Term Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commitments and Contingent Liabilities Minority Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ Equity: Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity: Preferred Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital Surplus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retained Earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minority Shareholders’ Equity — Nonredeemable . . . . . . . Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 245 2,808 1,187 (3,991) 749 — 749 — 339 39 1,306 (541) 1,143 — 1,143 — 265 — 294 6 32 597 — $ — (716) — (16) — — (732) — — 8 — (724) 203 — (5,366) (1,104) (4,153) 1,790 (8,833) — (8,833) $ 3,668 — 799 1,050 256 156 5,929 4,789 4,002 244 1,041 16,005 607 500 245 2,808 1,187 (3,991) 749 268 1,017 145 3,955 1,518 915 198 231 6,817 404 — 5,027 1,065 2,847 (1,249) 7,690 268 7,958 Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . $10,064 $1,740 $15,179 $(9,354) $17,629 96 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (In millions) Consolidating Statements of Operations Year Ended December 31, 2012 Parent Company Guarantor Subsidiaries Non- Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidating Entries and Eliminations Consolidated $2,883 2,587 182 7 26 (30) 111 29 (14) 68 — 68 — 68 67 — 67 $22,424 20,198 1,652 130 287 (120) $(13,213) (13,414) (11) — (214) 441 $20,992 17,163 2,718 175 357 139 277 152 — 125 25 100 — (15) (1) (154) (168) — (168) — 440 203 — 237 25 212 29 $ 100 $ (144) $ $ (24) $ (120) $ (168) $ 183 57 4 53 $ (382) (20) $ (362) Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of Goods Sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selling, Administrative and General Expense . . . . . Rationalizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other (Income) and Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $8,898 7,792 895 38 258 (152) Income (Loss) before Income Taxes and Equity in Earnings of Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United States and Foreign Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Minority Shareholders’ Net Income . . . . . Goodyear Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Preferred Stock Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 23 168 212 — 212 29 Goodyear Net Income (Loss) available to Common Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 183 Comprehensive Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (362) Less: Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Minority Shareholders . . . . . . . — $ $ Goodyear Comprehensive Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . $ (362) $ 97 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (In millions) Consolidating Statements of Operations Year Ended December 31, 2011 Parent Company Guarantor Subsidiaries Non- Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidating Entries and Eliminations Consolidated Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of Goods Sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selling, Administrative and General Expense . . . Rationalizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other (Income) and Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $9,027 8,209 898 70 247 (218) $2,892 2,574 185 3 19 (21) $26,285 23,729 1,747 30 288 (162) $(15,437) (15,691) (8) — (224) 474 $22,767 18,821 2,822 103 330 73 Income (Loss) before Income Taxes and Equity in Earnings of Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United States and Foreign Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity in Earnings of Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Minority Shareholders’ Net Income . . . (179) 37 559 343 — 132 (51) 29 212 — . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodyear Net Income (Loss) Less: Preferred Stock Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 343 22 $ 212 — Goodyear Net Income (Loss) available to Common Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 321 $ 212 Comprehensive Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (378) $ 148 Less: Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Minority Shareholders . . . . . — — 653 217 — 436 74 362 — 362 301 44 $ $ $ 12 (2) (588) (574) — (574) — 618 201 — 417 74 343 22 $ (574) $ 321 (412) $ (341) (7) 37 $ $ $ Goodyear Comprehensive Income (Loss) . . . . . . $ (378) $ 148 $ 257 $ (405) $ (378) 98 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (In millions) Consolidating Statements of Operations Year Ended December 31, 2010 Parent Company Guarantor Subsidiaries Non- Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidating Entries and Eliminations Consolidated Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,648 6,932 Cost of Goods Sold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 928 Selling, Administrative and General Expense . . . . . . 163 Rationalizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Interest Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (88) Other (Income) and Expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,377 2,119 183 22 17 (20) $20,179 17,890 1,526 55 147 41 $(11,372) (11,489) (7) — (119) 253 $18,832 15,452 2,630 240 316 186 Income (Loss) before Income Taxes and Equity in Earnings of Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United States and Foreign Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity in Earnings of Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Minority Shareholders’ Net Income . . . . . . (558) — 342 (216) — Goodyear Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (216) Comprehensive Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (114) Less: Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to Minority Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — $ $ Goodyear Comprehensive Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . $ (114) $ 56 8 18 66 — 66 57 — 57 520 163 — 357 52 305 382 44 $ $ (10) 1 (360) (371) — 8 172 — (164) 52 $ $ (371) $ (216) (410) $ (85) (15) 29 $ 338 $ (395) $ (114) 99 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (In millions) Cash Flows from Operating Activities: Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows Year Ended December 31, 2012 Parent Company Guarantor Subsidiaries Non- Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidating Entries and Eliminations Consolidated Total Cash Flows from Operating Activities . . $ 335 $ (3) $ 841 $(135) $ 1,038 Cash Flows from Investing Activities: Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset dispositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital contributions and loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital redemptions and loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in short term securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (231) 5 (191) 81 — 5 Total Cash Flows from Investing Activities . . . (331) Cash Flows from Financing Activities: Short term debt and overdrafts incurred . . . . . . . . . . Short term debt and overdrafts paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long term debt incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long term debt paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preferred stock dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock issued . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital contributions and loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital redemptions and loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercompany dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transactions with minority interests in subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debt related costs and other transactions . . . . . . . . . — — 800 (762) (29) 3 150 (200) — (17) (63) Total Cash Flows from Financing Activities . . . (118) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — (10) — (27) — — — (37) — — — — — — — — (6) — — (6) 2 Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of the (114) (44) Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916 Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of the Year . . . . $ 802 112 $ 68 (892) 11 (150) 200 (29) 12 (848) 77 (156) 2,731 (2,955) — — 218 (81) (123) (54) (1) (344) 18 (333) 1,744 6 — 368 (281) — — 93 — — — — — — (368) 281 129 — — 42 — — — (1,127) 16 — — (29) 17 (1,123) 77 (156) 3,531 (3,717) (29) 3 — — — (71) (64) (426) 20 (491) 2,772 $ 1,411 $ — $ 2,281 100 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (In millions) Cash Flows from Operating Activities: Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows Year Ended December 31, 2011 Parent Company Guarantor Subsidiaries Non- Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidating Entries and Eliminations Consolidated Total Cash Flows from Operating Activities . . $ 260 $104 $ 581 $(172) $ 773 Cash Flows from Investing Activities: Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset dispositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Government grants received . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital redemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in short term securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (210) 69 — — (14) — — (2) (21) — — — — — — — (815) 8 (1) 95 (17) 38 (4) (24) 3 (1) 1 — 31 (38) — — (1,043) 76 — 95 — — (4) (26) Total Cash Flows from Investing Activities . . . $(157) $ (21) $ (720) $ (4) $ (902) Cash Flows from Financing Activities: Short term debt and overdrafts incurred . . . . . . . . . . Short term debt and overdrafts paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long term debt incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long term debt paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock . . . . . . . . Preferred stock dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock issued . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital contributions and loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital redemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercompany dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transactions with minority interests in subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debt related costs and other transactions . . . . . . . . . Total Cash Flows from Financing Activities . . . Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of the — — 400 (750) 484 (15) 8 (101) — — (3) (2) 21 — 124 Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 792 — — — — — — — — — (7) — — (7) (2) 74 38 179 (138) 2,771 (1,900) — — — 132 (38) (162) (21) (19) 804 (96) 569 1,175 — — — — — — — (31) 38 169 — — 176 — — — 179 (138) 3,171 (2,650) 484 (15) 8 — — — (24) (21) 994 (98) 767 2,005 Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of the Year . . . . $ 916 $112 $ 1,744 $ — $ 2,772 101 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES (In millions) Cash Flows from Operating Activities: Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows Year Ended December 31, 2010 Parent Company Guarantor Subsidiaries Non- Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidating Entries and Eliminations Consolidated Total Cash Flows from Operating Activities . . $ 278 $ 45 $ 718 $(117) $ 924 Cash Flows from Investing Activities: Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asset dispositions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital redemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other transactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (334) 1 — 16 26 Total Cash Flows from Investing Activities . . . (291) Cash Flows from Financing Activities: Short term debt and overdrafts incurred . . . . . . . . . . Short term debt and overdrafts paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long term debt incurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long term debt paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock issued . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital contributions and loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital redemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercompany dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transactions with minority interests in subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debt related costs and other transactions . . . . . . . . . Total Cash Flows from Financing Activities . . . Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents . . . . . . . . Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of the 3 — 994 (974) 1 — — — — (21) 3 — (10) Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 802 (20) — — — — (20) 2 — — — — — — (7) — — (5) 1 21 17 (581) 69 (136) 134 (11) (525) 80 (68) 756 (581) — 136 (150) (119) (13) — 41 (162) 72 1,103 (9) — 136 (150) — (23) — — — — — (136) 150 126 — — 140 — — — (944) 70 — — 15 (859) 85 (68) 1,750 (1,555) 1 — — — (13) (21) 179 (161) 83 1,922 Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of the Year . . . . $ 792 $ 38 $1,175 $ — $ 2,005 Note 23. Subsequent Event On February 8, 2013, the Venezuelan government announced the devaluation of its currency, the bolivar fuerte, effective February 13, 2013. The announcement indicated that the official exchange rate would be changed from 4.3 bolivares fuertes to each U.S. dollar to 6.3 bolivares fuertes to each U.S. dollar. Although the announcement provided limited details and we will not be able to fully assess the effect of the changes on our future results of operations until after the government publishes the decree in the Official Gazette, which is expected on February 13, 2013, we currently expect to record a charge of approximately $100 million, net of tax in the first quarter of 2013 in connection with the remeasurement of our balance sheet to reflect the devaluation of the official exchange rate to 6.3 bolivares fuertes to each U.S. dollar. 102 MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with appropriate authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect Because of its inherent misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. limitations, Management conducted an assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 using the framework specified in Internal Control — Integrated Framework, published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on such assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2012. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is presented in this Annual Report. 103 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To The Board of Directors and Shareholders of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect Because of its inherent misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. limitations, PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP Cleveland, Ohio February 12, 2013 104 THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES Supplementary Data (Unaudited) Quarterly Data and Market Price Information (In millions, except per share amounts) First Second Third Fourth Year Quarter 2012 Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,533 $ 5,150 $ 5,264 $ 5,045 $20,992 3,829 Gross Profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237 Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Less: Minority Shareholders’ Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . 1,009 103 11 945 (7) (14) 949 133 16 926 8 12 Goodyear Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Preferred Stock Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. (4) 7 92 7 117 7 7 7 212 29 Goodyear Net Income (Loss) available to Common Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (11) $ 85 $ 110 $ — $ 183 Goodyear Net Income (Loss) available to Common Shareholders — Per Share of Common Stock: — Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (0.05) $ 0.35 $ 0.45 $ — $ 0.75 — Diluted * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (0.05) $ 0.33 $ 0.41 $ — $ 0.74 Weighted Average Shares Outstanding — Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . — Diluted . . . . . . . . . . 245 247 Price Range of Common Stock:** High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 15.80 $ 12.36 $ 13.54 $ 13.84 $ 15.80 9.24 Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 247 245 281 245 281 244 244 10.91 11.07 9.24 9.55 Selected Balance Sheet Items at Quarter-End: Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $17,990 $17,601 $17,939 $16,973 5,086 Total Debt and Capital Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625 Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,670 947 1,210 5,631 863 1,151 5,981 1,230 1,508 * Due to the anti-dilutive impact of potentially dilutive securities, the quarterly earnings per share amounts do not add to the full year. ** New York Stock Exchange and The NASDAQ Stock Market — Composite Transactions All numbers presented below are after-tax and minority. The first quarter of 2012 included net charges of $86 million related to cash premiums paid and write-offs of deferred financing fees and unamortized discount due to the early redemption of debt, net rationalization charges of $12 million primarily related to SAG headcount reductions in EMEA and Latin American Tire, asset write- offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $2 million primarily related to the closure of our Dalian manufacturing facility in the third quarter of 2012, and discrete tax charges of $3 million. Net insurance recoveries related to flooding in Thailand were $5 million and net gains on asset sales were $3 million. The second quarter of 2012 included a $24 million charge for debt issuance costs primarily related to the amendment and restatement of our U.S. second lien term loan facility, net rationalization charges of $23 million primarily related to SAG headcount reductions in EMEA and retail store closings in Asia Pacific Tire, asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation of $2 million primarily related to the closure of our Dalian manufacturing facility in the third quarter of 2012, charges of $20 million related to labor claims with respect to a previously 105 closed facility in EMEA, discrete tax charges of $2 million, and $2 million of costs related to tornado damage in 2011 at a manufacturing facility. Net gains on asset sales were $10 million and related primarily to the sale of a minority interest in a retail business in EMEA and assets related to our bias truck tire business in Latin American Tire. The third quarter of 2012 included net rationalization charges of $22 million primarily related to SAG headcount reductions in EMEA, Asia Pacific Tire and North American Tire, asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation of $10 million primarily related to the closure of our Dalian manufacturing facility in the third quarter of 2012, a charge of $6 million related to a United Kingdom pension plan, and discrete tax charges of $3 million. Net gains on asset sales of $5 million were primarily related to the sale of property in North American Tire. Net insurance recoveries related to flooding in Thailand were $4 million. The fourth quarter of 2012 included net rationalization charges of $84 million, due primarily to EMEA’s announced closure of one of our facilities in Amiens, France, and asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $1 million. The quarter also included $9 million of charges related to discrete tax items, $6 million of charges and operating losses related to a strike in South Africa, and $5 million of charges related to labor claims with respect to a previously closed facility in EMEA. Net insurance recoveries related to flooding in Thailand were $6 million and net gains on asset sales were $2 million. (In millions, except per share amounts) First Second Third Fourth Year Quarter 2011 Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,402 $ 5,620 $ 6,062 $ 5,683 $22,767 3,946 Gross Profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Less: Minority Shareholders’ Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,089 211 43 1,048 56 9 868 26 1 941 124 21 Goodyear Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Preferred Stock Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 — 47 7 168 7 25 7 Goodyear Net Income available to Common Shareholders . . . . $ 103 $ 40 $ 161 $ 18 $ 343 22 321 Goodyear Net Income Per Share: — Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 0.42 $ 0.16 $ 0.66 $ 0.07 $ 1.32 — Diluted* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 0.42 $ 0.16 $ 0.60 $ 0.07 $ 1.26 Weighted Average Shares Outstanding — Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . — Diluted . . . . . . . . . . 244 271 Price Range of Common Stock:** High . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 15.71 $ 18.83 $ 18.25 $ 15.47 $ 18.83 8.53 Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 247 244 281 244 247 243 246 14.44 11.42 9.15 8.53 Selected Balance Sheet Items at Quarter-End: Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $17,256 $17,642 $18,129 $17,629 5,201 Total Debt and Capital Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749 Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,017 Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,284 1,327 1,616 6,083 1,499 1,775 5,304 1,475 1,759 * Due to the anti-dilutive impact of potentially dilutive securities, the quarterly earnings per share amounts do not add to the full year. ** New York Stock Exchange — Composite Transactions All numbers presented below are after-tax and minority. 106 The first quarter of 2011 included net rationalization charges of $9 million and asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $9 million. The quarter also included discrete tax charges of $6 million. The second quarter of 2011 included net rationalization charges of $41 million, which included $32 million of charges related to the closure of Union City in July 2011, and asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $24 million. The quarter also included net charges of $53 million related to cash premiums paid and write-offs of deferred financing fees due to the early redemption of debt, $7 million of charges to increase tax reserves as a result of negative tax court rulings in a foreign jurisdiction and $3 million of charges related to tornado damage at our manufacturing facility in Fayetteville, North Carolina. Net gains on asset sales were $10 million for this quarter. The third quarter of 2011 included net rationalization charges of $23 million, which included $19 million of charges related to the closure of Union City in July 2011, and asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $12 million. The quarter also included discrete tax charges of $4 million. Net gains on asset sales were $5 million for this quarter. The fourth quarter of 2011 included net rationalization charges of $21 million and asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation charges of $3 million. The quarter also included charges of $16 million related to flooding in Thailand and net losses of $8 million on asset sales due primarily to the sale of previously closed manufacturing facilities in North American Tire. The fourth quarter also included discrete tax benefits of $60 million primarily related to the release of a valuation allowance on our Canadian operations. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA. Year Ended December 31,(1) (In millions, except per share amounts) 2012(2) 2011(3) 2010(4) 2009(5) 2008(6) Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Minority Shareholders’ Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . $20,992 237 25 $22,767 417 74 $18,832 (164) 52 $16,301 (364) 11 $19,488 (23) 54 Goodyear Net Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Preferred Stock Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 212 29 $ 343 22 $ (216) $ (375) $ — — (77) — Goodyear Net Income (Loss) available to Common Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 183 $ 321 $ (216) $ (375) $ (77) Goodyear Net Income (Loss) available to Common Shareholders — Per Share of Common Stock: Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Debt and Capital Leases Due Within One Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Debt and Capital Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodyear Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends Per Common Share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. $ $ 0.75 0.74 $ $ 1.32 $ (0.89) $ (1.55) $ (0.32) 1.26 $ (0.89) $ (1.55) $ (0.32) $16,973 $17,629 $15,630 $14,410 $15,226 96 4,888 370 625 — 156 4,789 749 1,017 — 188 4,319 644 921 — 114 4,182 735 986 — 582 4,132 1,022 1,253 — (1) Refer to “Basis of Presentation” and “Principles of Consolidation” in the Note to the Consolidated Financial Statements No. 1, Accounting Policies. (2) Goodyear net income in 2012 included net after-tax charges of $325 million, or $1.32 per share — diluted, due to rationalization charges, including accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs; charges related to the 107 early redemption of debt and a credit facility amendment and restatement; charges related to labor claims with respect to a previously closed facility; charges related to a tornado in the United States; settlement charges related to a pension plan; discrete charges related to income taxes; and charges related to a strike in South Africa. Goodyear net income in 2012 also included net after-tax gains of $35 million, or $0.14 per share — diluted, related to insurance recoveries for a flood in Thailand and gains on asset sales. (3) Goodyear net income in 2011 included net after-tax charges of $217 million, or $0.80 per share — diluted, due to rationalization charges, including accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs; charges related to the early redemption of debt; charges related to a flood in Thailand; and charges related to a tornado in the United States. Goodyear net income in 2011 also included net after-tax benefits of $51 million, or $0.19 per share — diluted, from the benefit of certain tax adjustments and gains on asset sales. (4) Goodyear net loss in 2010 included net after-tax charges of $445 million, or $1.84 per share — diluted, due to rationalization charges, including accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs; the devaluation of the Venezuelan bolivar fuerte against the U.S. dollar; charges related to the early redemption of debt and a debt exchange offer; charges related to the disposal of a building in the Philippines; a one-time importation cost adjustment; supplier disruption costs; a charge related to a claim regarding the use of value-added tax credits in prior periods; and charges related to a strike in South Africa. Goodyear net loss in 2010 also included net after-tax benefits of $104 million, or $0.43 per share — diluted, from gains on asset sales; favorable settlements with suppliers; an insurance recovery; and the benefit of certain tax adjustments. (5) Goodyear net loss in 2009 included net after-tax charges of $277 million, or $1.16 per share — diluted, due to rationalization charges, including accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs; asset sales; the liquidation of our subsidiary in Guatemala; a legal reserve for a closed facility; and our USW labor contract. Goodyear net loss in 2009 also included net after-tax benefits of $156 million, or $0.65 per share — diluted, due to non- cash tax benefits related to losses from our U.S. operations; benefits primarily resulting from certain income tax items including the release of the valuation allowance on our Australian operations and the settlement of our 1997 through 2003 Competent Authority claim between the United States and Canada; and the recognition of insurance proceeds related to the settlement of a claim as a result of a fire at our manufacturing facility in Thailand. (6) Goodyear net loss in 2008 included net after-tax charges of $311 million, or $1.29 per share — diluted, due to rationalization charges, including accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs; costs related to the redemption of long-term debt; write-offs of deferred debt issuance costs associated with refinancing and redemption activities; general and product liability — discontinued products; VEBA-related charges; charges related to Hurricanes Ike and Gustav; losses from the liquidation of our subsidiary in Jamaica; charges related to the exit of our Moroccan business; and the valuation allowance on our investment in The Reserve Primary Fund. Goodyear net loss in 2008 also included net after-tax benefits of $68 million, or $0.28 per share — diluted, from asset sales; settlements with suppliers; and the benefit of certain tax adjustments. 108 GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING OUR SEGMENTS Our principal business is the development, manufacture, distribution and sale of tires and related products and services worldwide. We manufacture and market numerous lines of rubber tires for: • automobiles • trucks • buses • aircraft • motorcycles • farm implements • earthmoving and mining equipment • industrial equipment, and • various other applications. In each case, our tires are offered for sale to vehicle manufacturers for mounting as original equipment (“OE”) and for replacement worldwide. We manufacture and sell tires under the Goodyear, Dunlop, Kelly, Debica, Sava and Fulda brands and various other Goodyear owned trademarks, and the private-label brands of certain customers. In certain geographic areas we also: • retread truck, aviation and off-the-road, or OTR, tires, • manufacture and sell tread rubber and other tire retreading materials, • provide automotive repair services and miscellaneous other products and services, and • manufacture and sell flaps for truck tires and other types of tires. Our principal products are new tires for most applications. Approximately 84% of our sales in 2012 were for new tires, compared to 83% and 84% in 2011 and 2010, respectively. Sales of chemical products and natural rubber to unaffiliated customers were 6% in 2012, 7% in 2011 and 6% in 2010 of our consolidated sales (13%, 17% and 14% of North American Tire’s total sales in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively). The percentages of each segment’s sales attributable to new tires during the periods indicated were: Sales of New Tires By Year Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 North American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Europe, Middle East and Africa Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latin American Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asia Pacific Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76% 72% 74% 95 94 89 92 84 86 93 93 84 Each segment exports tires to other segments. The financial results of each segment exclude sales of tires exported to other segments, but include operating income derived from such transactions. 109 PERFORMANCE GRAPH The graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder returns of Goodyear Common Stock, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Composite Stock Index (the “S&P 500”) and the Dow Jones US Auto Parts Index (the “Dow Auto Parts”) at each December 31 during the period beginning December 31, 2007 and ending December 31, 2012. The graph assumes the investment of $100 on December 31, 2007 in Goodyear Common Stock, in the S&P 500 and in the Dow Auto Parts. Total shareholder return was calculated on the basis that in each case all dividends were reinvested. COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN* Among The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, the S&P 500 Index, and the Dow Jones US Auto Parts Index S R A L L O D 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 12/07 12/08 12/09 12/10 12/11 12/12 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company S&P 500 Dow Jones US Auto Parts * $100 invested on 12/31/07 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ending December 31. 110 D I R E C T O R S A N D O F F I C E R S BOARD OF DIRECTORS William J. Conaty, 67 Retired Senior Vice President, Human Resources General Electric Company Elected 2011 2, 5 James A. Firestone, 58 Executive Vice President & President, Corporate Operations Xerox Corporation Elected 2007 1, 4 Werner Geissler, 59 Vice Chairman, Global Operations The Procter & Gamble Company Elected 2011 1, 3 Peter S. Hellman, 63 Retired President Nordson Corporation Elected 2010 1, 4 Richard J. Kramer, 49 Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer & President The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Elected 2010 W. Alan McCollough, 63 Retired Chairman & Chief Executive Officer Circuit City Stores, Inc. Elected 2007 1, 2 John E. McGlade, 59 Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer Air Products and Chemicals Inc. Elected 2012 3, 5 Roderick A. Palmore, 61 Executive Vice President, General Counsel, Chief Compliance and Risk Management Officer & Secretary General Mills, Inc. Elected 2012 4, 5 Shirley D. Peterson, 71 Retired Partner Law firm of Steptoe & Johnson LLP Elected 2004 3, 5 Stephanie A. Streeter, 55 Chief Executive Officer Libbey Inc. Elected 2008 2, 5 Thomas H. Weidemeyer, 65 Retired Senior Vice President & Chief Operating Officer United Parcel Service, and President, UPS Airlines Elected 2004 2, 4 Michael R. Wessel, 53 President The Wessel Group Inc. Elected 2005 3 1 Audit Committee 2 Compensation Committee 3 Committee on Corporate Responsibility and Compliance 4 Finance Committee 5 Governance Committee CORPORATE OFFICERS Richard J. Kramer, 49* Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer & President 13 years of service, officer since 2000 Bertram Bell, 61 Assistant Secretary & Associate General Counsel 30 years of service, officer since 2000 Darren R. Wells, 47 Scott A. Honnold, 48 Vice President & Treasurer Five years of service, officer since 2010 BUSINESS UNIT OFFICERS Arthur de Bok, 50 President, Europe, Middle East & Africa Business 11 years of service, officer since 2005 Stephen R. McClellan, 47 President, North American Tire 25 years of service, officer since 2008 Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer 10 years of service, officer since 2002 Damon J. Audia, 42 Senior Vice President, Business Development Eight years of service, officer since 2005 David L. Bialosky, 55 Senior Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary Three years of service, officer since 2009 Paul Fitzhenry, 53 Senior Vice President, Global Communications Five months of service, officer since 2012 Joseph B. Ruocco, 53 Senior Vice President, Global Human Resources Four years of service, officer since 2008 Gregory L. Smith, 49 Senior Vice President, Global Operations One year of service, officer since 2011 * Also a director Isabel H. Jasinowski, 64 Daniel L. Smytka, 50 Vice President, Government Relations 31 years of service, officer since 2001 President, Asia Pacific Region Four years of service, officer since 2010 Anthony E. Miller, 62 Jaime C. Szulc, 50 Assistant Secretary & Associate General Counsel 27 years of service, officer since 2000 Richard J. Noechel, 44 Vice President & Controller Eight years of service, officer since 2008 Mark W. Purtilar, 52 Vice President & Chief Procurement Officer Five years of service, officer since 2007 President, Latin America Region Two years of service, officer since 2010 Jean-Claude Kihn, 53 Senior Vice President & Managing Director, Goodyear Brazil 24 years of service, officer since 2008 Michel Rzonzef, 49 Vice President, Consumer Tires, Europe, Middle East & Africa Business 24 years of service, officer since 2008 Laura K. Thompson, 48 Vice President, Finance, North American Tire 29 years of service, officer since 2008 T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 111 F A C I L I T I E S NORTH AMERICA United States Akron, Ohio Global headquarters, North American Tire headquarters, Goodyear Dunlop Tires North America headquarters, innovation center, racing tires, chemicals, tire proving grounds, airship operations Bayport, Texas Chemicals Beaumont, Texas Synthetic rubber Carson, California Airship operations Danville, Virginia Tires Fayetteville, North Carolina Tires Gadsden, Alabama Tires Houston, Texas Synthetic rubber Huntsville, Alabama Tire proving grounds Kingman, Arizona Aircraft tire retreading Lawton, Oklahoma Tires Niagara Falls, New York Chemicals Pompano Beach, Florida Airship operations San Angelo, Texas Tire proving grounds Social Circle, Georgia Tread rubber Statesville, North Carolina Tire molds Stockbridge, Georgia Aircraft tire retreading Tonawanda, New York Tires Topeka, Kansas Tires Canada Medicine Hat, Alberta Tires Napanee, Ontario Tires Valleyfield, Quebec Mixing center MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA South Africa Uitenhage Tires Turkey Adapazari Tires Izmit Tires United Arab Emirates Dubai Regional tire sales and distribution ASIA China Pulandian Tires Shanghai Asia Pacific Tire headquarters India Aurangabad Tires Ballabgarh Tires Indonesia Bogor Tires Japan Tatsuno Tires Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Tires Singapore Singapore Natural rubber purchasing Thailand Bangkok Tires, aircraft tire retreading EUROPE Belgium Brussels Europe, Middle East & Africa Tire Headquarters; Goodyear Dunlop Tires Europe headquarters France Amiens Tires Mireval Tire proving grounds Montlucon Tires Riom Retreading Germany Furstenwalde Tires Fulda Tires Hanau Tires Philippsburg Tires Riesa Tires Wittlich Tires, tire proving grounds, retreading Luxembourg Colmar-Berg Tires, innovation center, regional calendaring center, tire proving grounds, tire molds Netherlands Tilburg Aircraft tire retreading Poland Debica Tires Slovenia Kranj Tires United Kingdom Birmingham Tires Wolverhampton Mixing center, retreading LATIN AMERICA Brazil Americana Tires, tire proving grounds Santa Barbara Retread materials Sao Paulo Latin American Tire headquarters, aircraft tire retreading Chile Santiago Tires Colombia Cali Tires Peru Lima Tires Venezuela Valencia Tires 112 A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y 12 ON THE COVER: When a fledgling rubber company in Akron, Ohio, first molded the word Goodyear into a tire in 1898, it represented the pride of 13 people who had created the business just a few months before. Today, 114 years later, the company’s 69,000 associates feel the same pride when they see the Goodyear brand on a tire’s sidewall, on a storefront, on a cap in the winner’s circle or on the side of one of the company’s famous airships. They know that for customers around the world, the word Goodyear represents the highest quality, most innovative tires available. Goodyear is one of the world’s leading tire companies, with operations in most regions of the world. Together with its U.S. and international subsidiaries and joint ventures, Goodyear develops, manufactures, markets and distributes tires for most applications. It also manufactures and markets rubber-related chemicals for various applications. Goodyear is one of the world’s largest operators of commercial truck service and tire retreading centers. In addition, it operates approximately 1,400 tire and auto service center outlets where it offers its products for retail sale and provides automotive repair and other services. Goodyear manufactures its products in 52 facilities in 22 countries. It has marketing operations in almost every country around the world. THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY 200 Innovation Way | Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 | www.goodyear.com S H A R E H O L D E R I N F O R M A T I O N CORPORATE OFFICES The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 200 Innovation Way Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 (330) 796-2121 www.goodyear.com GOODYEAR COMMON STOCK The principal market for Goodyear common stock is the NASDAQ Global Select Market (symbol GT). On February 20, 2013, there were 18,721 shareholders of record of Goodyear common stock. The closing price of Goodyear common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market tape on February 20, 2013, was $13.86. Under Goodyear’s primary credit facilities, we are permitted to pay dividends on Goodyear common stock as long as no default will have occurred and be continuing, additional indebtedness can be incurred under the credit facilities following the payment, and certain financial tests are satisfied. So long as any of Goodyear’s mandatory convertible preferred stock is outstanding, no dividend, except a dividend payable in shares of Goodyear common stock, or other shares ranking junior to the mandatory convertible preferred stock, may be paid or declared or any distribution be made on shares of Goodyear common stock unless all accrued and unpaid dividends on the then outstanding mandatory convertible preferred stock payable on all dividend payment dates occurring on or prior to the date of such action have been declared and paid or sufficient funds have been set aside for that payment. Goodyear has not declared any cash dividends on its common stock in the two most recent fiscal years. Please direct meeting inquiries to: Office of the Secretary, Dept. 822 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 200 Innovation Way Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 ANNUAL MEETING 4:30 p.m., Monday, April 15, 2013 Hilton Akron-Fairlawn 3180 W. Market Street Akron, Ohio 44333 SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES Transfer Agent and Registrar: Computershare Trust Company, N.A. P.O. Box 43078 Providence, RI 02940-3078 (800) 317-4445 www.computershare.com Inquiries concerning the issuance or transfer of stock certificates or share account information should be directed to Computershare. Provide Social Security number, account number and Goodyear’s ID, GTR. Hearing-impaired shareholders can communicate directly with Computershare via a TDD by calling (800) 952-9245. Other shareholder inquiries should be directed to: Investor Relations, Dept. 635 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 200 Innovation Way Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 (330) 796-3751 E-mail: goodyear.investor.relations@goodyear.com FORM 10-K AND OTHER REPORTS Paper copies of Goodyear’s Annual Report on Form 10-K are available upon request. Quarterly reports on Form 10-Q are also available on request. Copies of any of the above or Goodyear’s Proxy Statement may be obtained without charge from: Investor Relations, Dept. 635 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company 200 Innovation Way Akron, Ohio 44316-0001 (330) 796-3751 Copies of these reports may also be obtained from the company’s Investor Web site http://investor.goodyear.com. Goodyear has included as Exhibits 31.1, 31.2 and 32.1 to its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, certificates of Goodyear’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer with respect to the Form 10-K. CD COPY A CD copy of the 2012 Annual Report is available for visually impaired shareholders by contacting Goodyear Investor Relations at (330) 796-3751. INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 200 Public Square, 18th Floor Cleveland, Ohio 44114-2301 OTHER INFORMATION Persons seeking information about Goodyear’s corporate sustainability initiatives can access the company’s Sustainability Web site at: www.goodyear.com/sustainability. Persons seeking general information about Goodyear or its products can access the company’s Corporate Web site at: www.goodyear.com/corporate. Media representatives seeking information about Goodyear or contact information for spokespersons can access the company’s Media Web site at: www.goodyearnewsroom.com. ©2013 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company T H E G O O D Y E A R T I R E & R U B B E R C O M P A N Y A N N U A L R E P O R T 2 0 1 2 113