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The Quarto Group

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FY2015 Annual Report · The Quarto Group
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GEORGE TAI  
Managing Director,  
Regent Publishing Services

Pride and Prejudice 
Rockport Publishers

1
#WEAREBOOKS 

PHILIP COOPER  
Publisher

Art: The Whole Story 
Quintessence Editions

AMY SLETTUM  
Print Promotions  
& Merchandising Manager

Sally’s Candy Addiction 
Race Point Publishing

#WEAREPEOPLE

2015 ANNUAL REPORT

MARLENE STURM  
Foreign Rights Executive

Charles Darwin  
The Voyage Of The Beagle 
Zenith Press

HEATHER GODIN 
Art Director

The Paper Hat Book 
Quarry Books

ZETA JONES 
Publisher

Alice’s Adventures  
in Wonderland 
Rockport Publishers

#WEAREQUARTO

KERRY ENZOR  
Publisher

Superfoods 24/7 
Apple Press

#WEAREBOOKS  
#WEAREPEOPLE
#WEAREQUARTO

Celebrating 40 years of Quarto, our company, 

our people and their favourite books! 

CAITLIN FULTZ   
Project Manager

Beyond Canning 
Voyageur Press

JESSICA PINAULT 
Digital Marketing  
Co-ordinator

Sally’s Baking Addiction 
Race Point Publishing

DARWIN HOLMSTROM 
Senior Editor

American Muscle Cars 
Motorbooks

1

CONTENTS

OVERVIEW
Setting the scene for our Group  
and the businesses we operate

Highlights of the Year 
Chairman's Statement 
What we do & How we do it 

STRATEGIC REPORT
A review of our strategy and  
how we are delivering against this

Chief Executive Officer's Statement 
Divisional Review 
Key Initiatives 
Outlook 
Strategic Report 
Key Performance Indicators 
Our People 
Financial Review 

GOVERNANCE
How we manage our Group and an  
introduction to the Board and their focus

Directors' Report 
Audit Committee Report 
Directors' Remuneration Report 
Annual Report on Remuneration 
Nominations Committee Report 
Statement of Directors' Responsibilities 
Independent Auditor's Report 

2 
4 
6

8 
10 
15 
17 
18 
20 
24 
29

35 
42 
45 
55 
63 
64 
66

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our financial statements provide a complete  
overview of our 2015 performance

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income  71 
72 
Consolidated Balance Sheet 
73 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
74 
Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 
75 
Notes to the Financial Statements 
112 
Company Balance Sheet 
119 
Five Year Summary 
120
Officers and Advisors 

2

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE YEAR

GROUP REVENUE

REVENUE

REVENUE

$182.2m1 
(2014: $171.3m)2 
+6%

$50.1m 
(2014: $42.7m) 
+17%

$72.4m 
(2014: $64.0m)   
+13%

ADJUSTED3 PROFIT  
BEFORE TAXATION

ADJUSTED3  
OPERATING PROFIT

ADJUSTED3  
OPERATING PROFIT

$14.1m 
(2014: $11.9m)2 
+18%

$6.3m 
(2014: $6.1m) 
+3%

$8.9m 
(2014: $6.6m) 
+35%

PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION

$12.9m 
(2014: $12.0m)2 
+8%

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR

• 

• 

$9.3m 
(2014: $9.1m)2 
+2%

ADJUSTED EARNINGS  
PER SHARE1

49.9cents 
(2014: 44.1 cents per share)2 
+13%

•  Apple Press
•  Design Eye
•  Fine Wine Editions
•  Global Book Publishing

Iqon Editions
Ivy Press
Ivy Kids

• 
•  Leaping Hare Press
•  Marshall Editions
•  QED Publishing
•  Qu:id Publishing
•  Quantum Publishing
•  Quarto Children’s Books
•  Quarto Publishing
•  Quintessence
•  Quintet Publishing
•  RotoVision
•  small world creations
•  words & pictures

IMPRINTS

IMPRINTS

•  Book Sales
•  Cool Springs Press
•  Creative Publishing international
•  Fair Winds Press
•  Motorbooks
•  Quarry Books
•  QDS (Distribution Services)
•  Race Point Publishing
•  Rock Point Calendars
•  Rock Point Gift & Stationery
•  Rock Port Publishers
•  The Harvard Common Press
•  Voyageur Press
•  Walter Foster Publishing
•  Walter Foster Publishing Junior
•  Zenith Press

3

REVENUE

REVENUE

REVENUE

$22.8m 
(2014: $21.4m) 
+6%

ADJUSTED3  
OPERATING PROFIT

$3.3m 
(2014: $3.1m)  
+6%

$22.1m 
(2014: $29.9m)2 
-26%

$14.8m 
(2014: $13.3m) 
+11%

OPERATING PROFIT

OPERATING PROFIT

$1.6m 
(2014: $2.8m)2 
-43%

$1.5m 
(2014: $1.1m) 
+36%

IMPRINTS

BUSINESSES

BUSINESSES

•  Aurum Press
•  Frances Lincoln
•  Frances Lincoln Children's Books
•  Frances Lincoln Gift & Stationery
•  Jacqui Small
•  Kinkajou
•  Wide-Eyed Editions

Formerly: 
•  Lifetime Distributors (Australia) 
•  Premier Books (New Zealand) 

•  Regent Publishing Services
•  Quarto Hong Kong

 Includes revenue of $8.2m relating to the acquired Ivy Press business.

1 
2   Restated as set out in Note 1 and Note 35. 
3   Adjusted measures are stated before amortisation of acquired intangible assets and exceptional items.

4

CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT

Financial highlights  
for the year include:

Revenue up  
6% to $182.2m  
(2014: $171.3m)1

Adjusted2 Group Operating 
Profit up 8% to $17.2m  
(2014: $15.9m)1 

Adjusted2 Profit Before  
Tax up 18% to $14.1m  
(2014: $11.9m)1

Profit Before Tax up 8%  
to $12.9m (2014: $12.0m)1

Adjusted2 Earnings per 
Share of 49.9c up 13%  
(2014: 44.1c)1

Net debt reduced by 10%  
to $59.5m (2014: $66.0m)

Proposed final dividend  
of 9.4c (2014: 8.2c)3 up 15%,  
making the total dividend 
for the year of 14.5c,  
up 6% (2014: 13.7c)

Dividend cover of 3.4x 
(2014: 3.2x)1, 3

1  Restated as set out in Note 1  
and Note 35.

2  Adjusted measures are stated 
before amortisation of  
acquired intangible assets  
and exceptional items.

3 Dividend per share is declared 
in cents per share and paid 
in sterling. Dividend cover 
is calculated using adjusted 
earnings per share.

After three years of transformation, with cumulative earnings 
per share growth and debt reduction, 2015 was Quarto’s most 
profitable year ever. This is the fulfilment of the vision which 
led to my appointment as Chairman in 2012 and I am proud 
of what Quarto has achieved in that time. I have decided not 
to put myself forward for re-election at the Annual Meeting, 
but rather hand over with confidence to Peter Read, upon his 
election at the Annual Meeting, to lead the Board as Chairman 
through Quarto’s next phase of growth.

DIVIDEND

As well as our continued focus on debt reduction, the Board 
is pleased to recommend a final dividend of 9.4c/6.15p per 
share, making the total dividend for the year 14.5c/9.50p, 
a 6% increase over last year, giving dividend cover, based 
on Adjusted Earnings per Share of 49.9c (2014: 44.1c) of 
3.4 times (2014: 3.2 times). Notwithstanding the increase 
in the final dividend for 2015, the Board believes that the 
balance between the interim dividend and final dividend 
should be more weighted to the final dividend given the 
increased second half weighting of revenues and profits. 
Accordingly, there will be no increase in the interim dividend 
in 2016, but with the expected earnings growth for the full 
year, the Board anticipate appropriate progression in the 
final dividend.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

I was elected as Chairman of Quarto at a time of great 
change in late 2012. Since that time Quarto’s earnings have 
increased by over 50% and its debt has reduced by over 25%. 

The Company has a clear strategy for the future and I am 
pleased to have appointed such an accomplished executive 
management team during my tenure. With the exit of the 
activist shareholder block in November 2015, I shall leave 
the Board along with Christopher Mills, at the conclusion 
of the forthcoming Annual Meeting on May 24, 2016.

The proposed new Chairman, Peter Read, is currently a  
non-executive director of Quayle Munro Ltd. and Concha 
Plc, the Professional Cricketer’s Association, and the Royal 
Automobile Club. He was formerly Chairman of KPMG's 
Telecoms, Media & Technology practice and a partner for 
over 20 years. Peter will join the Board at the Annual Meeting. 
Marie Louise Windeler will also join the Board at the Annual 
Meeting and assume the role of Chair of the Remuneration 
Committee; she has had excellent experience of executive 
and non-executive roles in creative businesses. They will form 
the non-executive Board along with Mike Hartley, Senior 
Independent Director and Chair of the Audit Committee, and 
Jess Burley, both of who were appointed during my tenure 
as Chairman; I am grateful to both of them for their help in 
reforming the Company’s corporate governance.

5

Timothy J. M. Chadwick 
Chairman 

Revenue up
6%

FAVOURITE TITLE

London Uncovered 
Frances Lincoln

Profit before 
tax up
8%

"Quarto is a fine 
business, poised 
at an exciting 
time in its history. 
I wish it all the 
best in executing 
its strategy."

The Board has examined the merits of moving the Company’s domicile 
to the UK from its historic domicile in the USA in Delaware. Given the 
significant cost and execution risk of such a move which would have 
limited benefit to existing shareholders, the Directors do not believe this 
to be in the Company’s interests in the short to medium term. If there is 
a beneficial change in US tax legislation, then the Board will look at the 
issue again in the future. 

PEOPLE

We said farewell to Mick Mousley, our long-standing Chief Financial 
Officer, in 2015. His enormous contribution to the Company can never 
be underestimated and we wish him well in his retirement. Our new 
CFO, Michael Connole, joined us in September and has made an 
excellent contribution to the business already. 

Yet again our people at Quarto have shown restless creativity and 
resolute innovation. Increasingly tenacious sales and marketing efforts 
have lifted the Company to record profits in 2015. On behalf of the Board, 
I would like to thank all of our people in all of our businesses around the 
world for their talented hard work and commitment to Quarto. 

Quarto is a fine business, poised at an exciting time in its history.  
I wish it all the best in executing its strategy.

Timothy J.M Chadwick 
Chairman 
March 30, 2016

6

WHAT WE DO & 
HOW WE DO IT

To educate, entertain and enrich 
the lives of our readers, putting 
books in their hands, wherever, 
however and whenever 
they choose.

7

Investing in creating 
product that excites the 
enduring interest of niche 
enthusiast groups with category 
focussed publishing teams 
who are creatively driven 
and financially astute.

Delivering profitability 
by developing the talented  
people in our Group network that 
retains creative independence 
but encourages marketing 
and sales interdependence  
and collaboration.

Driving growth through 
enhanced product distribution 
with focus on existing 
channels, adaptation and 
innovation in new channels 
as well as expansion into new 
global markets.

Managing an efficient supply  
chain and distribution of product 
in order to reach consumers, 
utilising best practice and the scale 
of our international marketing 
and sales operations to drive cost 
efficiencies, while allowing our 
creative teams to flourish.

8

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER’S STATEMENT
Summary

Quarto made 
continued progress in 
2015, delivering on our 
strategic objectives 
of revenue growth, 
debt reduction and 
dividend growth, while 
improving operational 
efficiency. This level 
of performance 
was enabled by the 
resilience of our 
business model and 
the professionalism, 
ambition and hard 
work of our people 
around the world. 

Our goal in our 40th anniversary year remains for Quarto  
to grow in a sustainable and profitable manner, organically 
and through judicious acquisitions, and steadily reduce  
net debt further.

Our core publishing operations contributed revenue  
growth of 13% and adjusted operating profit growth of 17%. 
Our publishing margins improved from 12.3% to 12.8%, 
demonstrating the quality of the revenue growth that we 
achieved which offset currency fluctuations in some areas 
of the Group. Our trading businesses contributed $3.3m 
in operating profits with an excellent year from Regent 
Publishing Services making up for another year of currency 
weakness and difficult trading at Book & Gifts Direct.

We have focused on tighter working capital management 
in all Group companies this year and net debt has been 
reduced by 10% or $6.5m and by over 25% since 2012. 
Working capital management and debt reduction will  
remain a key point of focus in 2016.

We continue to demonstrate the market demand and 
commercial value of illustrated print books. Quarto books 
serve clearly identified markets and are useful, instructive 
and well produced. These characteristics reflect our creative 
focus on customers and underpin the enduring quality 
of our imprints. We are a content-rich company, built on 
the foundations of the creative independence and vitality 
of each imprint, combined with senior management that 
is commercially focused. New titles are viewed through 
the prism of creativity, quality and economic impact. 
We celebrate our 40th Anniversary with confidence in the 
continued value of these principles in guiding our business 
strategy. Further, we have enhanced our model through the 
implementation of global operational, marketing and sales 
collaboration. Our new sales and marketing arrangements 
with Allen & Unwin in Australasia and the launch of  
www.QuartoKnows.com in June 2015 demonstrate this  
global collaboration; the second phase of the development 
of the latter, our digital hub and e-commerce platform  
will take place in 2016.

Consequently, Quarto enters its fifth decade as a highly 
diversified dynamic portfolio of creative businesses 
underpinned by a scalable production and sales platform 
for organic and acquisitive growth. We will continue to 
grow by creating and exploiting information rich content 
and licensing that content in domestic and global markets. 
We will allocate capital across our portfolio of businesses, 
backing long-lasting winners and flexibly responding to both 
market opportunities and market challenges as they arise. 

9

Adjusted 
earnings per 
share up
13%

Marcus E. Leaver 
CEO, The Quarto Group

FAVOURITE TITLE

The Bear  
And The Piano 
Frances Lincoln  
Children’s Books

Net debt 
down
10%

Total 
dividend up
6%

Organic growth alone will be insufficient to leverage fully  
the market opportunity. Starting new imprints and attracting 
new talent is vital but, with very rare exceptions, takes time 
to have a significant impact on the Group. Notwithstanding 
the quality of our catalogue and strong revenue contribution 
of historic titles, imprints do decline and organic growth 
sometimes serves only to offset this natural life cycle. 
Acquisitions of appropriate publishing imprints will therefore 
remain fundamental to continued strong growth providing 
that we stay true to our acquisition principles: that the 
businesses acquired shall be within our known areas of 
publishing expertise, bring measurable benefits to the  
Group as a whole and in the year after acquisition, should  
be earnings enhancing.

Quarto’s people around the world have excelled in 2015 
with the Quarto work ethic evident in all areas of the 
business; our people are hard-working, practical and 
focused. The spirit of co-operation within the Group 
continues and the commitment shown to our entire 
ecosystem of partners and network of suppliers allows 
us to keep up the momentum we have achieved in 2015 
and aim for each year.

10

DIVISIONAL REVIEW

Revenue $50.1m
(2014: $42.7m)

Adjusted Operating 
Profit $6.3m
(2014: $6.1m)

Backlist sales  
% of sales 59%
(2014: 68%)

Intellectual Property 
Investment $15.7m
(2014: $14.6m)

Sales by territory: US 
34%, Europe 32%, UK 
16%, ANZ 6%, RoW 12%
(2014: US 31%, Europe 34%, UK 18%, 

ANZ 9%, RoW 8%)

JOY AQUILINO  
Acquiring Editor

Sharpie Art Workshop 
Rockport Publishers

2015 has been a mixed year for the wide portfolio of imprints 
that constitute QIC. The integration and the outperformance 
of the acquired Ivy Press business has been a highlight, 
contributing revenue of $8.2m and operating profit of $1.9m. 
The weaker performance of some of the other imprints had 
been expected and of some others less so. A variety of factors 
came into play; those factors being market focussed, imprint 
focussed or category focussed or a combination thereof. 
We are addressing these issues and are confident that the 
recovery of these formerly successful units to previous levels 
of profitability will happen in the course of the next two 
financial years. We recognise the cyclical nature of a number 
of our businesses and manage the portfolio accordingly. 

Currency fluctuations certainly had a negative impact on 
deal closing and deal flow in total. Some potential downside 
was countered with the execution of some entrepreneurial 
royalty deals as opposed to losing deals in total. But English 
language revenues were robust yet again with strength in 
most imprints in new title purchases and reprints. This bodes 
well for the future. 

Enhanced by our acquisition of Ivy Press, this is a portfolio 
of market-leading imprints based in London and Brighton, 
that enjoys good medium-term visibility as we continue to 
produce and publish books that are of perennial interest, 
avoiding passing fads, while enjoying numerous reprints  
and justifying the initial investment.

ThisIsYourCookbook.com had an encouraging few 
months post-launch and proved its concept of producing 
personalised cookbooks. We will invest some marketing 
funds in this business in 2016. It is still too early to say 
whether this new venture will reach commercial success, 
but investment in new ways of exploiting our IP is essential 
to the ongoing health of Quarto.

MARTIN TAYLOR 
Designer

Creature Close-Up:   
Ocean Animals 
QED Publishing

11

Revenue $72.4m
(2014: $64.0m)

Adjusted Operating 
Profit $8.9m
(2014: $6.6m)

Backlist sales  
% of sales 71%
(2014: 70%)

Inventory % of sales 21%
(2014: 19%)

At a turn of 2.0x
(2014: 1.9x)

Intellectual Property 
Investment $14.9m
(2014: $14.8m)

2015 has been an excellent year for the US-based imprints. 
After a challenging 2014 in the Home Improvement retail 
sector, the team has executed its business plan very 
effectively and outperformed in its market-leading sales  
in the Art Instruction category, led by adult colouring book 
sales. Our most successful titles came from a three year 
old organic start up imprint, Race Point. This highlights 
how important it is to reinvest continually in our various 
portfolios. Equally our sales and marketing structure 
excelled in making our product available as deeply and 
widely as it did in all channels both domestically and 
globally. That said, 2015 has been an exceptional year,  
and we will strive to repeat this performance in 2016.

Our direct relationships with retailers continue to develop 
as we focus our publishing and distribution into niche 
markets. Our strategy remains to diversify our channels 
to market in a way that matches the breadth of our 
publishing programmes which cater for enthusiasts. 
Our recent acquisition of The Harvard Common Press is a 
good example of this. The purchase, which was completed 
on February 1, 2016, adds hundreds of titles to our backlist 
as well as over 25,000 recipes. The acquisition furthers 
our position as a leading publisher of lifestyle-orientated 
titles for the consumer markets.

The medium-term view is positive in this business and 
we will continue to look for suitable acquisition candidates, 
either lists that complement what we already publish or 
businesses in areas where this portfolio is underweight, 
such as children’s books.

MARISSA GIAMBRONE 
Art Director
Tangled Travels 
Creative Publishing 
international

12

DIVISIONAL REVIEW

2015 has been another year of progress for our UK-based 
imprints with particularly gratifying performances from 
Aurum Press, which has been transformed by its new 
Publisher into an illustrated and global imprint, and  
Wide Eyed Editions, a second year start up under a talented 
creative management team, who are also re-igniting the 
creativity in Frances Lincoln Children’s Books.

The medium-term view is encouraging as we maintain our 
focus on both domestic and international markets utilising 
the creative platform we now have in place. Suitable 
acquisition candidates will be identified in areas where 
the portfolio could be enhanced.

Revenue $22.8m
(2014: $21.4m)

Adjusted Operating  
Profit $3.3m
(2014: $3.1m)

Backlist sales  
% of sales 44%
(2014: 54%)

Inventory  
% of sales 17.3%
(2014: 19%)

At a turn of 1.5x
(2014: 1.4x)

Intellectual Property 
Investment $4.3m
(2014: $4.2m)

KATIE COTTON 
Senior Editor

There’s A Tiger In The Garden 
Frances Lincoln  
Children’s Books

NICOLA PRICE  
Designer

The 50 States 
Wide Eyed Editions

13

Revenue $22.1m
(2014: $29.9m)1

Operating Profit $1.6m
(2014: $2.8m)1

Network Capacity 113%
(2014: 85%)

Despite the fact the Australian Dollar weakened by 17% 
during the course of the year against the US Dollar, it cannot 
disguise the fact that it has been another demanding year 
for our business in Australia and New Zealand. 

In local currency, poor last quarter trading saw our sales to 
the Australian Master Franchisers down 20% for the full year 
against 2014. This is a result of sales out of their networks 
being sluggish, leading to the Master Franchisers being 
overstocked and not needing to buy new inventory from 
Books & Gifts Direct as the Australian economy has cooled.

New Zealand has had a reasonable trading year following 
the merger of 2014 but has suffered lower margins 
resulting from a deliberate attempt to reduce levels of 
older inventory. We continue to explore the sale of the 
franchises for North Island and South Island as opposed 
to owning the business in this territory.

Progress has been made in this business in 2015 with the 
full roll out of our proprietary technology and network 
capacity up to 113% from 85% at the end of 2014. We have 
a coherent market-leading business in Australia and New 
Zealand. With resolutely committed partners in the Master 
Franchises, an increasingly experienced management 
team, enhanced buying power and the implementation of 
proprietary technology that has been developed over the 
last two years, we have all the ingredients for a return to  
the levels of profitability enjoyed previously. Quarto’s 
executive management will assist in this return to 
success in any way it can. 

1  Restated as set out in  
Note 1 and Note 35.

JOSEPH CRAVEN 
Managing Director,  
Books & Gifts Direct

100 Perfect Hair Days 
RotoVision

14

DIVISIONAL REVIEW

Revenue $14.8m 
(2014: $13.3m)

Operating Profit $1.5m 
(2014: $1.1m)

With one of the most experienced management teams in 
the industry, Regent, our long-established print broking 
business based in Hong Kong, produced an excellent result 
in 2015 with operating profit up 36% from revenues up 
11%. The new sales and marketing strategy, focussed on in 
2015, of children’s, religious, comic, gaming and stationery 
publishing is working well. 

The establishment of Quarto Hong Kong in 2015, the 
Group’s print buying office in Hong Kong, is driving  
further savings for Quarto in print buying in China,  
a critical element of our supply chain and a cornerstone  
in our improving operational efficiencies across the Group. 

MOZIDUR RAHMAN 
Licensing Manager

In A Minute Mum 
QED Publishing

WINCY KHO   
Senior Manager,  
Quarto Hong Kong

Dreams Of Freedom 
Frances Lincoln Children’s Books

KEY INITIATIVES

15

Revenue $32.4m 
(2014: $23.0m) 

Our children’s revenues have grown by over 75% from 
2012 and now constitute 22% of our publishing revenues. 
Our talented creative teams around the world are 
suitably teamed up with excellent specialist children’s 
book sales people and marketers. We continue to attract 
and develop talent in this area and will examine potential 
acquisitions on both sides of the Atlantic.

ALISON STONE  
Executive Assistant

The Best Homemade  
Kids' Snacks On The Planet 
Fair Winds Press

TOM READ 
English Language Sales Manager

Could A Whale Swim  
To The Moon? 
QED Publishing

16

KEY INITIATIVES

Revenue $30.1m 
(2014: $26.6m)

Our Foreign Rights team has battled hard to counter the 
currency fluctuations affecting most of the markets they 
sell into. Their entrepreneurial approach has salvaged 
what could have been a poor year and with the addition 
of Ivy Press they have ended the year ahead of last year. 

Our Brazilian distribution agreement with Grupo Nobel, 
Quarto Editora, got off to a good start and 2015 saw a 
full year contribution from that business. We continue to 
source similar relationships in other undersold territories 
but have proceeded cautiously in ensuring we find the 
right partners who share our values. 

CLEMENCE MAHEO 
Foreign Rights Manager

Taste 
Aurum Press

JONATHAN SIMCOSKY 
Acquiring Editor

Let’s Cook French 
Quarry Books

OUTLOOK

17

We celebrate our  
40th Anniversary 
in 2016 with a clear 
sense of purpose and 
identity. Quarto knows 
how to make and sell 
books that inspire, 
educate, entertain and 
encourage creativity. 
Quarto does this 
consistently and 
profitably and will 
continue to do so in 
2016 and beyond. 

The Group is well-positioned to deliver continued 
earnings growth in 2016. We expect this to manifest itself 
in the second half of the year; the increase in second half 
weighting experienced in 2014 and 2015 is in line with 
continuing global retail trends. Visibility gained through 
our forward order books and the recurring revenues of 
our business model gives us confidence in our ability to 
continue the momentum of the last three years as we 
execute our business plan.

Quarto remains a cash generative business and we are 
committed to reducing our net debt, including by resolutely 
examining the strengths and weaknesses of our portfolio 
with a clear focus on our working capital. Continued 
reduction in net debt will further enhance our options 
to build on the strong platform that has been created 
in the last three years and prior. As we further develop 
our business to take advantage of growth areas and the 
acquisition opportunities that are presented to us, thereby 
increasing the Group’s earnings, we will progress the 
Company’s dividend in the second half of the year,  
as we have done in 2014 and 2015.

Marcus E. Leaver 
Chief Executive Officer 
March 30, 2016

CECILIA FARLEY  
Design Assistant

Atlas of Adventures 
Wide Eyed Editions

18

STRATEGIC REPORT

Our strategy is to grow our revenue and margins by leveraging our 

size, scale and reach as the leading global illustrated book publisher 

and distribution group to build a business with sustainable growth in 

earnings per share while reducing its debt burden. Our principal risks 

and uncertainties are set out on page 33.

REVENUE GROWTH

IMPROVING OPERATING MARGINS

We focus on revenue growth organically for 
each of our imprints in our portfolio. We also 
search for earnings accretive lists, imprints or 
businesses that can add to our portfolio and 
enhance the marketing and sales efforts of 
our existing businesses.

We improve our operating margins on 
revenue by using the leverage of our 
illustrated publishing focus to buy print 
and freight effectively. We are relentless 
also in identifying other areas of supply 
chain efficiencies.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INVESTMENT

GROUP VALUE ADD

We are committed to investing in long-
lasting intellectual property. In pursuing  
the very best photography, artwork,  
design and writing, we aim to safeguard  
the future revenue streams of the business.

We continue to develop the value added 
by the Group function in supporting 
our people achieve our objectives while 
acknowledging our core belief of creative 
independence in each publishing imprint.

DISTRIBUTION DEVELOPMENT

DEBT REDUCTION/DIVIDEND INCREASES

We develop direct physical distribution 
relationships, global partnerships and 
the digital marketing and delivery of our 
content. We are committed to selling our 
books wherever, however and whenever our 
customers want them in multiple markets; 
multiple languages and multiple formats.

We shall continue to focus on reducing our 
debt burden and where possible, increase 
dividends to enhance shareholder value.

STRATEGIC PROGRESS IN 2015

19

The year has seen us overlay the undoubted creative independence and rigour of our 

publishing with a tenacious marketing and sales force that works interdependently 

and collaboratively on a global basis. With the directional control provided from the 

Group and support in non-publishing or sales/marketing functions, we are beginning to 

leverage our scalable business model to good effect.

Revenue  
growth

Improve 
operating 
margins

Managing our 
IP investment

Up 13%  
in Publishing Businesses

Up to 12.8%  
in Publishing Businesses

Children's Publishing 
revenues up over 40%;  
22% of Group Revenue

Developing 
distribution 
channels

Group  
value add

Debt reduced 
& dividend 
increased

Foreign Rights Revenues  
up 13%; Over 50% growth  
in Children's foreign  
rights revenues

Global Publishing 
Operations unit established. 
Systems implementation in 
the US with 2016 UK rollout

Net Debt down 10%  
Total dividend up 6%

20

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIs)

Our strategy is to grow our revenue and margins by leveraging our 

size, scale and reach as the leading global illustrated book publisher 

and distribution group to build a business with sustainable growth 

in earnings per share while reducing our debt burden.

Our EBITDA  
has grown 8%  
in the year.

EBITDA1,2

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

14.500000

15.833333

17.166667

18.500000

ADJUSTED3 PROFIT BEFORE TAX2

Our Adjusted PBT  
has grown by 18%  
in the year.

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

5.000000

8.033333

11.066667

14.100000

RETURN ON NET OPERATING ASSETS2

The Board uses 
this ratio to 
evaluate the long-
term financial health 
of the company. 

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

10.000000

11.266667

12.533333

13.800000

Our net debt has 
reduced by 10%  
in the year.

NET DEBT2

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

$18.4m

$17.0m

$15.9m

$16.5m

$16.1m

$14.1m

$11.9m

$9.3m

$9.0m

$10.8m

13.8%

12.7%

11.8%

11.0%

11.2%

$59.5m

$66.0m

$71.0m

$81.0m

$81.4m

50.000000

60.666667

71.333333

1   Adjusted operating profit before depreciation.
2  All comparative indicators have been restated as set out in Note 1 and Note 35.
3   Adjusted measures are stated before amortisation of acquired intangible assets and 

exceptional items.

ADJUSTED3 DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE2

21

The Board uses 
this ratio to evaluate 
the quality of the 
company's earnings.

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

25.000000

33.333333

41.666667

50.000000

BACKLIST % OF SALES

Backlist has reduced 
as a % of sales as we 
have invested in new 
Intellectual Property.

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

56.000000

61.333333

66.666667

72.000000

INVENTORY % OF REVENUE2

This is a measure 
of the cash used 
up in inventory 
as a proportion  
of revenue.

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

10.000000

11.333333

12.666667

14.000000

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT SPEND

We have increased 
the IP spend in order to 
grow the publishing 
businesses organically.

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

28.000000

30.333333

32.666667

35.000000

PRODUCT EFFICIENCY

The new title 
sales for any given 
year are a leading 
indicator that show 
how effective and 
reliable our backlist 
sales might be.

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

CHILDREN'S PUBLISHING REVENUES

We shall report this  
key strategic area of  
our publishing 
from now on.

2015

2014

2013

2012

2 0 1 1

0

11

22

49.8c

44.1c

36.1c

41.6c

43.6c

61.4%

66.6%

71.3%

69.8%

68.6%

14.4%

14.5%

11.2%

12.6%

14.5%

$34.9m

$33.5m

$31.7m

$30.5m

$30.7m

1.34x

1.16x

1.01x

1.02x

1.12x

$32.4m

$23.0m

$19.6m

$18.5m

$14.7m

22

OUR VALUES

BE  
EXCELLENT

Quality matters in 
everything we do

BE 
COLLABORATIVE

Use 'we’ and 
bring the best out 
of each other

23

BE 
PURPOSEFUL

Do what you 
love and make  
it happen

BE  
ACCOUNTABLE

Take responsibility 
and do what  
you say

BE  
CURIOUS

Try things, fail well,  
do it quickly

BE 
CONSISTENT

Be clear,  
concise and  
clear-headed

24

OUR PEOPLE

Sally Dwyer 
Group Director of People

FAVOURITE TITLE

Porsche Sixty Years 
Motorbooks

Quarto’s unique 
identity, the world 
over, is created by 
our people and 
shaped by our 
organisational culture.

Our values guide our 
journey to achieve  
our core purpose – 
to inspire, educate, 
create and entertain.

Today’s business environment demands greater need  
for collaboration, co-creation and learning agility.

Employees are a critical part of our business and our 
most important asset. We are always looking for better 
ways to attract, develop and retain employees who love 
what they do and who are driven by their passion for 
creating wonderful illustrated books.

This year our people strategy focused on employee 
engagement and getting the foundations in place so 
that we can attract the right talent for our business while 
nurturing our current talent. As part of this process, we 
reviewed and increased our global benefits for maternity, 
paternity, adoption and surrogacy. Across our UK 
businesses, we harmonised the employment terms and 
conditions of all our employees. 

We are also committed to establishing lean HR processes 
to improve employee engagement and ensure we support 
an open and transparent people environment. This included 
developing and launching our employee intranet – 
Q Exchange and creating a dedicated HR section called 
People Zone. People Zone houses all our global career 
opportunities and people content, providing for just 
in time access to any HR related tool or process, quick 
access guides and HR contacts across the world.

25

HEIDI NORTH 
Senior Design Manager

Creative Lettering  
And Beyond 
Walter Foster

CARA CONNORS  
Project Manager

The Homemade  
Flour Cookbook 
Fair Winds Press

SUPPORTING DIVERSITY 

At Quarto we celebrate diversity, and our diverse 
team is a reflection of the communities where we live. 
By encouraging diversity and inclusion, we unlock 
different talents to increase creativity, problem solving 
and adaptability. Workplace diversity is a driver of 
competitiveness that supports our ability to attract, 
develop and retain the best employees, create an  
engaged team and deliver innovation. 

We do not discriminate against age, gender, ethnicity, 
cultural background, sexual orientation or religious beliefs. 
We recruit, develop and promote our staff based on their 
performance alone. We are proud of the fact we review each 
job application and do not filter them through a system that 
disqualifies candidates based on education, sex or age.

Building an open, fair and transparent culture is not only 
embedded in our values but also imperative for business 
continuity. We believe that a culture that drives equal 
opportunity, meritocracy and one in which employees feel 
safe and ‘listened to’, will lead to higher levels engagement, 
retention and performance.

26

OUR PEOPLE

VICTORIA LYLE  
Commissioning Editor

Cats In Hats 
Quarto Publishing

RICHARD JEWITT 
Senior Designer

Adorable Hedgehogs 2017 
Rock Point Gift & Stationery

Employees are 
a critical part 
of our business 
and our most 
important asset. 
We are always 
looking for better 
ways to attract, 
develop and retain 
employees who 
love what they do 
and who are driven 
by their passion for 
creating wonderful 
illustrated books.

HIGH PERFORMING CULTURE

An organisation’s talent pool and expertise will emerge 
as the key differentiator for business growth and success. 
At Quarto we believe in recognising the strengths of our 
people and developing them to take on different and/or more 
senior roles within the business. We do this predominately by 
mentoring, coaching and on the job development. 

Our priority is driving a high performance culture where 
all our employees feel empowered to achieve and be the 
best they can be. We ensure individual performance goals 
are connected to the overall strategic goals of Quarto. 
We have listened to our employees who said the annual 
performance review process was too long, not relevant 
and did not provide the feedback needed throughout the 
year and in 2016 we will be moving away from a single 
annual process. We will be implementing a quarterly 
process that allows for more timely performance coaching 
and development, and one that ensures our people are 
engaging with our vision, values and strategy and aligning 
their goals to these key drivers. 

We believe a quarterly performance check-in will help 
our people to better understand our performance 
expectations and track their progress. This gives them 
greater visibility about how they contribute to our business 
and perform in their roles. Most importantly, it allows our 
employees to be proactive in their career development.

27

SUSI MARTIN  
Art Director

How To Cook In  
10 Easy Lessons 
Walter Foster Jr.

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY

Our people individually and collectively contribute to the 
communities in which we live and work. We are proud 
of the efforts our people make to educate, entertain 
and enrich the lives of not just our readers. Some of the 
highlights for this year have been:

Quarto California partnered with LA Parent magazine 
and some of Hollywood's young celebrities to donate 
books for the annual Celebrity Stuff-a-thon benefiting the 
Los Angeles Ronald McDonald House and deliver the bags 
to critically ill children and their families. 

Quarto UK and Quarto Co-editions gave book in kind 
donations to several charities across the year, including 
Help for Heroes, Ronald McDonald House as well as 
The Family School. 

Our Books & Gifts Direct business work closely with 
many communities and charitable organisations including 
Make A Wish Foundation, Little Heroes, Care Flight, and 
The Royal Children’s Hospital in Melbourne to name a few.  
To date we have raised over $2.0m and counting! 

Since 2014, 5.0c from every product sold in Australia goes 
to the McGrath Foundation, which raises money to put 
breast care nurses in communities all over Australia as well 
as increasing breast cancer awareness in young Australian 
women. In New Zealand 5.0c from every product sale 
goes to the Starship Foundation, which is a children's 
charity who are a dedicated pediatric healthcare service 
and major teaching centre, providing family centred care 
to children and young people throughout New Zealand  
and the South Pacific.

28

OUR PEOPLE

SUSAN MEARS 
International  
Sales Administrator

Quilters 
Quarry Books

JAMES CAREY 
Director of Publishing 
Operations, UK

Actual Size 
Frances Lincoln Children’s Books

CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY 

Making our business more sustainable by integrating 
sustainability into the very heart of everything we do, 
where our efforts create value for our shareowners  
and continue to provide value to our customers,  
partners and communities in which we operate.

We are working towards developing sustainable 
operations by analyzing each link in the value chain and 
in particular identify the sources of waste in our supply 
chains, such as managing our carbon emissions by 
ensuring we consolidate shipments across the group and 
ship as infrequently as possible. This limits the shipping  
of empty space across the oceans, and reduces energy 
waste and our carbon footprint.

Going forward we will be producing our entire Children’s 
products using Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) 
paper. We continue to work with partners and suppliers 
who are certified by the FSC, IS0 14001 which covers 
environmental management systems and the ICTI CARE 
process covering ethical standards of manufacturing.

FINANCIAL REVIEW

29

“Our adjusted 
operating profit 
margins reflect 
the maturity 
and stability  
of the business”

Michael Connole 
CFO, The Quarto Group

ADJUSTED1 OPERATING PROFIT MARGIN2

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

8.3%

8.3%

7.8%

FAVOURITE TITLE

The Complete Book 
of Porsche 911 
Motorbooks

9.4%

9.3%

7.0%

7.6%

8.2%

8.8%

9.4%

10.0%

REVENUE AND PRE-TAX PROFIT

Revenue for the year was $182.2m (2014: $171.3m) 
and gross profit was $59.4m (2014: $55.0m) showing 
a stable gross margin of 32.6% (2014: 32.1%). 
$8.2m of the increase relates to the Ivy Press 
business which we acquired in March 2015.

Our administrative expenses of $35.0m show 
an increase of 8.0%, resulting mainly from the 
acquisition of Ivy Press in March 2015.

Adjusted operating profit, which is a key measure of 
how the business is performing, rose by 8.2% from 
$15.9m in 2014 to $17.2m in 2015. The 2015 figure 
includes a contribution of $1.9m from Ivy Press.

Operating profit of $16.0m (2014: $16.0m) 
includes exceptional charges $0.4m (2014: $0.6m 
exceptional credit), reflecting costs relating to 
our acquisition of Ivy Press and costs associated 
with certain other corporate transactions that we 
did not pursue. In 2014, operating profit reflected 
exceptional credits of $0.6m arising on sales of 
businesses and assets.

Our adjusted profit before tax was $14.1m, 
showing an improvement of 18.5% on the 
corresponding figure for 2014 of $11.9m.

1  Adjusted measures are stated before amortisation of acquired intangibles and exceptional items.

2   All comparative years have been restated as set out in Note 1 and Note 35.

30

Our profit before tax was $12.0m (2014: $12.0m).

Reconciliation of profit before  
tax to adjusted profit before tax 

Profit before tax

Amortisation of acquired intangibles

Exceptional items

2015
$000

12,939

724

445

2014
$000 
Restated

12,005

503

(566)

Adjusted profit before tax

14,108

11,942

FINANCE COSTS

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Finance costs of $3.2m (2014: $4.1m) represent 
the interest costs on the group’s borrowings 
together with the amortisation of the debt 
issuance costs associated with the refinancing 
of bank debt that took place in February 2015. 
The reduced finance costs reflects the reducing 
net debt and the reduction in interest margin 
negotiated as part of the refinancing. As set 
out in Note 1 and Note 35 the amortisation of 
debt issuance costs was previously included in 
administrative expenses and has been reclassified. 

Basic earnings per share increased by 1.1% from 
44.5c in 2014 to 45.0c, reflecting the higher profit 
for the year. Diluted earnings per share, which 
takes account of share options issued during the 
year was 44.9c (2014: 44.5c).

Our adjusted earnings per share of 49.9c per 
share shows a year-on-year increase of 13%  
(2014: 44.1c), and reflects the increase in adjusted 
profit referred to earlier. Note 9 to the accounts 
sets out how we calculate the adjusted earnings 
per share figures.

TAX CHARGE

The tax charge for the year of $3.7m represents 
an effective rate of tax of 28.5% which shows 
an increase on the corresponding figure for last 
year of 24.3%, explained by the increase in profits 
generated by our US publishing business where 
federal corporate taxes are levied at 34%, which 
compares unfavourably with the current UK 
corporation tax rate of 20.25%.

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR

Profit for the year of $9.3m showed a $0.2m 
increase on the same figure for 2014, which 
reflects the higher operating profit for the year.

RETURN TO SHAREHOLDERS

The Directors are recommending a final dividend 
of 9.4c per share, bringing the total dividend per 
share for the year to 14.5c per share. In 2014 the 
total dividend paid was $13.7c per share, which  
is covered 3.4 times by earnings (2014: 3.2 times 
by earnings)

The increase in the dividend reflects the Directors’ 
commitment to maximising shareholder value 
through a progressive dividend policy, but 
underpinned by at least three times cover.

31

CASH FLOW

Free cash flow for the year was $15.1m, showing 
an increase of $3.9m on the same figure for  
2014 of $11.2m. 

Free cash flow is our operating cash flow less our 
cash expenditure on pre-publication costs and 
our capital expenditure, and shows the cash that 
the business has generated to fund acquisitions  
to pay taxes, service our debts and pay dividends 
to shareholders. 

Our management of working capital produced an 
incremental $2.4m of free cash, generating $0.6m of 
cash in the year, compared to utilising $1.8m in 2014.

Our cash generated by operations was $51.9m 
(2014: $46.1m), which is stated before the cash 
expenditure on pre-publication costs of $34.9m 
(2014: $33.5m). The increase in our investment in 
pre-publication costs reflects the increase in the 
number of new titles we published in the year, 
some of which were published by Ivy Press,  
which we acquired during the year.

Profit for the year

Adjustment for:

Net finance costs

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment

Tax charge

Share based payments charges

Amortisation of acquired intangible assets

Amortisation of pre-publication costs

Movement in fair value of derivatives

Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment

Operating profit before movement in working capital

Net movement in working capital

Cash generated by operations

Investment in pre-publication costs

Capital expenditure

2015
$000

9,254

3,098

1,189

3,685

186

724

33,258

(85)

–

51,309

639

51,948

(34,872)

(2,010)

2014
$000 
Restated

9,083

3,977

1,106

2,922

–

503

30,933

(43)

(642)

47,839

(1,779)

46,060

(33,525)

(1,341)

Free cash flow

15,066

11,194

 
32

ACQUISITIONS

INDEBTEDNESS AND BORROWING FACILITIES

As referred to previously, we acquired Ivy Press on 
4th March 2015 for a total consideration of $1.9m. 
We also assumed and settled debt of $0.4m. The 
consideration was payable in three tranches, the 
final tranche of which was paid on 4th January 
2016. Goodwill of $0.3m arose on the acquisition, 
details of which are set out in Note 34.

Our net debt comprising our bank borrowings 
less cash balances has reduced from $66.0m 
to $59.5m. The overall 10% reduction of $6.5m 
reflects both currency movements and the 
improvement in our operating cashflow referred 
to above. The continued reduction of our net debt 
is a key objective for the Directors. 

NET ASSETS 

The Group’s net assets of $55.0m show an 
increase of $4.3m on for 2014 of $50.7m, 
reflecting the improved trading performance. 

Goodwill has reduced from $41.1m to $40.1m over 
the course of 2015 reflecting the addition of $0.3m 
of goodwill arising on the Ivy Press acquisition and 
currency movements.

The net investment in publishing assets of $131.1m, 
comprising our investment in pre-publication 
costs, our inventories and our trade receivables, 
shows an increase of $8.5m on 2014 of $122.6m. 
This is explained by our growth in the year arising 
from both the acquisition of Ivy Press and by 
organic growth in our existing publishing imprints. 
Since I joined Quarto Group in September 2015, 
I have made this investment a priority, looking to 
maintain resolute focus on its management and 
efficient use.

Our actual bank borrowings at 31 December 2015 
were $84.6m (2014: $89.2m). In February 2015, 
the Group agreed a new $95m multi-currency 
term loan and revolving credit facility, which 
expires on 30th April 2019. This facility requires 
us to maintain certain levels of interest cover, 
leverage and cashflow in the business and the 
interest payable on the debt is based on a ratchet 
whereby we pay LIBOR plus a margin of between 
2.1% and 2.8% depending on our leverage ratio. 
We also have a £5m ($7.4m) working capital 
overdraft facility, which is renewable annually. 

CURRENCY 

The group reports in US dollars, which is the 
principal functional currency, but also transacts 
in Sterling, Euro, Australian dollars, New Zealand 
dollars and Hong Kong Dollars. We use a currency 
swap arrangement to mitigate the fluctuations 
between US dollars and Sterling. Our borrowings 
are in US dollars, Sterling and Euros to hedge the 
movement in our net assets in those currencies.

The key exchange rates for the year were:

Exchange rates

Versus US Dollar

2015

2014

Movement

2015

2014

Movement

Year End Rate

Average rate

Sterling

Euro

Australian Dollar

New Zealand Dollar

Hong Kong Dollar

0.68

0.92

1.37

1.46

7.77

0.64

0.83

1.22

1.28

7.75

-5%

-11%

-12%

-14%

-0.3%

0.65

0.90

1.33

1.43

7.73

0.61

0.75

1.11

1.21

7.74

-7%

-20%

-20%

-19%

0%

33

In the year, all of currencies we transact in 
weakened against the US dollar. The net impact of 
these currency movements on our net assets was to 
reduce them by $2.5m (2014: reduction of $1.9m).

The impact on revenue and profits was felt most in 
our Books & Gifts Direct business in Australia and 
New Zealand where the local currencies weakened 
by 20% and 19% respectively against the US Dollar 
over the year which meant that revenue was down 
$7.8m and operating profit down by $1.2m.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

The Board has recently carried out a robust 
assessment of the principal business risks facing 
our various businesses and have documented 
these risks in a risk register, which will be regularly 
reviewed, and the Board will monitor these 
principal risks and associated material controls. 
Details of the group’s financial risk management 
objectives and policies is set out in Note 33.

The business risk review identified the following 
key risks that face our businesses.

a)  Customer Risk. The Group operates across 

many of the major world economies including 
the USA, United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, 
New Zealand and Hong Kong and our revenues 
and profits depend on the general state of 
the economies in these territories. Another 
recessionary environment in our key USA and 
UK markets could have a significant impact 
on the financial status of some of our key 
customers and their ability to pay their debts 
to us. We monitor debts closely and maintain 
close relationships with all major customers that 
may provide prior warning of likely failure. 

b)  Currency Risk. The Group’s businesses 

operate in a number of different currencies 
giving rise to a risk of exchange loss due to 
fluctuating exchange rates. We have hedging 
and currency swaps in place. We have a 
natural hedge that mitigates against currency 
movements impacting our earnings in that one 
of our largest costs, which is print costs, are 
paid in US Dollars. Borrowings have been taken 
out in different currencies to mitigate risk of 
currency movements impacting our net assets.

c)  Loss of Intellectual Property. As we are an 

owner of intellectual property, a lot of which is 
digitally stored and accessed, the security and 
strength of our information technology systems 
is very important. Because of its importance, 
we regularly review our storage and back-up 
routines and disciplines and are in the process 
of introducing a new title management system 
for our publishers that will improve the security 
of and access to our intellectual property.

d)  Economic Conditions. A sudden downturn 
in revenues or profits caused by a global 
recession or through the impact of currency 
movements could reduce consumer 
discretionary spending which might result 
in a reduction in profitability and operating 
cashflow. The group is well funded with over 
$100m in debt facilities but in addition, in 
the event of such a reduction in profits and/
or cashflow, the Directors have the ability to 
make a number of mitigating actions including 
the reduction of discretionary spend on  
pre-publication costs.

e)  Supply Chain Risk. The Group uses a number 
of print suppliers to print its books, many of 
whom are based in Southern China. There is 
a risk that an interruption in the availability 
of printing services in Southern China could 
result in an interruption in the printing and 
distribution of new books to customers. 
The group maintain relationships with printers 
in other South East Asian countries, Eastern 
Europe, the UK and the USA and are confident 
that printing could be carried out by an 
alternative range of printers if supply from 
China was interrupted.

f)  Cyber Security Risk. Like many organisations, 
the group is at risk from cyber attack. This 
presents a potentially serious risk disruption 
to the production process and could have 
a significant impact on the probability of 
the business and the security of intellectual 
property assets. The Group uses firewalls 
and IT controls to prevent attack as well as 
maintaining offsite backup of intellectual 
property. Computerised files of the Group's 
books are also maintained by printers.

34

GOING CONCERN AND VIABILITY STATEMENT

In accordance with provision C.2.2 of the 2014 
revision of the Corporate Governance Code, 
the Directors have assessed the prospects of 
the Group over both a one-year and three year 
period. The one year period has a greater level of 
certainty and is, therefore, used to set budgets for 
all our businesses which culminates in the approval 
of a Group budget for the Board. The three-
year period offers less certainty, but is aligned 
with long term incentives offered to Executive 
Directors and certain senior management.

The Directors have considered the underlying 
robustness of the Group’s business model, products 
and proposition and its recent trading performance, 
cash flows, compliance with its banking covenants 
and key performance indicators. They have also 
reviewed the cash forecasts prepared for the 
3 years ending 31 December 2018, which comprise 
a detailed cash forecast for the year ending 
31 December 2016 based on the budget for that 
year and using standard growth assumptions 
for revenue and costs for the years ending 
31 December 2017 an 2018 to satisfy themselves 
of the going concern assumption used in preparing 
the financial statements. 

The Directors noted the new $95.0m multi-
currency term loan and revolving credit facility 
agreed in February 2015 and the £5.0m working 
capital overdraft facility and the forecast 
compliance with the new facility’s covenants 
for the foreseeable future.

The Directors have assessed the Group’s viability 
over a three year period ending on 31 December 
2018 based on a three year financial model 
which was prepared as part of the process of 
considering and approving the 2016 Budget. 

The Directors used the three-year review period 
for the following reasons:

• The Group’s publishing programme planning cycle 
normally works over a two to three year period.

• The Group’s current banking facilities have just 
over three years to run before they will need to 
be refinanced in April 2019.

As a result, it is expected that the Group’s 
assessment of viability will not extend beyond 
three years in future reporting periods.

In carrying out their analysis of viability, the 
Directors took account of the Group’s projected 
profits and cashflows, its banking covenants 
and the impact of a downturn in trading that 
the Group could endure whilst remaining viable. 
They also took account of the principal risks 
and uncertainties facing the business referred to 
above, a sensitivity analysis on the key revenue 
growth assumption, and the effectiveness of 
available mitigating actions.

Based on their assessment, the Directors have 
a reasonable expectation that the Group will be 
able to continue in operation and meet all of their 
liabilities as the fall due up to 31 December 2018. 
For this reason, they continue to adopt the going 
concern basis in preparing the financial statements. 
In doing so, it is recognised that such future 
assessments are subject to a level of uncertainty 
that increases with time and, therefore, future 
outcomes cannot be guaranteed or predicted 
with certainty.

Michael D. Connole 
Chief Financial Officer 
March 30, 2016

DIRECTORS’ REPORT

35

GROUP

DIRECTORS

The Directors present their report and the audited 
financial statements of The Quarto Group, Inc., for 
the year ended December 31, 2015.

RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS

The profit for the year amounted to $9.3m  
(2014: $9.1m). The Directors propose a final 
ordinary dividend of 9.41c (6.15p) per share 
(2014: 8.17c (4.95p) per share), amounting to  
$1.9m (2014: $1.5m), subject to approval at  
the Annual Meeting.

Serving Directors during the year, were as follows:

T. J. M. Chadwick  (Non-executive) Chairman
R. J. Morley 

(Non-executive)  
Deputy Chairman

M. E. Leaver
M. D. Connole   
J. Burley 
M.G. Hartley 
C.H.B. Mills 
M. J. Mousley   

(Appointed 1 September 2015)  
(Non-executive)
(Non-executive)
(Non-executive) 
(Resigned 1 September 2015)

None of the Directors have a service agreement 
of more than one year's duration, other than 
Timothy Chadwick who had an initial three year 
agreement which has been extended until the end 
of the 2016 Annual Meeting and Robert Morley, 
the duration of whose appointment is unspecified, 
subject to the continuance of certain conditions 
as set out on page 52. All of the directors are 
subject to annual re-election. The terms and 
conditions of appointment of non-executive 
directors are made available for inspection.

Save as disclosed in Note 31, no Director had 
a contract of significance with the company 
or its subsidiaries during the year.

Neither Timothy Chadwick nor Christopher 
Mills are standing for re-election at the Annual 
Meeting on May 24, 2016. Two new non-executive 
Directors are being proposed for appointment 
at that meeting. It is proposed that Peter Read 
be elected to the Board and serve as Chairman. 
Marie Louise Windeler also be elected to the 
Board and assume the role of Chair of the 
Remuneration Committee at which point, 
Michael Hartley will relinquish that role.

 
36

BOARD

Timothy Chadwick (69) started his career in 1974 
with Macmillan Publishers and established his first 
business, Aurum Press, in 1978. In 1988, he sold 
Aurum Press to The Really Useful Group. In 1991, he 
started ABC (All Books for Children), which he sold 
to HIT Entertainment plc in 1995 after developing 
the best-selling series, Angelina Ballerina.

In 1995, he floated American Port Services plc on 
the London Exchange. After growing his company 
into a substantial seaport and airport owner 
and operator in the USA and Belgium, APS was 
acquired in 1998 by Associated British Ports plc. 
Tim was elected as Chairman of Simon Ports plc 
in March 2003. The business grew substantially 
and was acquired in 2006 by Cobelfret.

Tim joined Quarto in 2012 and chairs the 
Nominations Committee and is a member 
of the Remuneration Committee.

Marcus Leaver (45) has been Chief Executive 
Officer since December 2012 having joined the 
Board of Quarto as Chief Operating Officer 
in May 2012. Prior to Quarto, he worked in the 
USA from 2005, latterly as President of Sterling 
Publishing, a subsidiary of Barnes & Noble, the 
leading bricks-and-mortar bookseller in the US. 

Before living and working in the US, he worked in 
London for Chrysalis Group plc, a London Stock 
Exchange-listed media company, latterly as CEO 
of Chrysalis Books Group, from 2002, and prior 
to that Corporate Development Director and in a 
number of different general management roles, 
from 1998.

Marcus graduated from the University of East 
Anglia with a degree in Art History, and received 
his MBA from London Business School.

Marcus is a member of the Nominations Committee.

Michael Connole FCA (51) joined Quarto as 
Chief Financial Officer on 1 September 2015.  
He has considerable experience in media, being 
CFO of Global Radio, the UK's largest commercial 
radio group from June 2008 to August 2015, and 
before that he was Group Finance Director at 
Chrysalis Group PLC, where he worked from 1997 
to 2008. He has also been Vice President – Finance 
(Europe) for Management Consulting Group plc 
and spent 7 years with KPMG's London office. 
He qualified as a chartered accountant in 1988.

Jess Burley (50) has over 20 years' experience in 
media, working previously as the Group Managing 
Director of Hearst in the UK, responsible for Hearst 
Digital and The National Magazine Company 
portfolio. Jess joined m/SIX (the WPP joint venture 
between CHI&Partners and GroupM) as CEO in 
May 2010 bringing a wealth of knowledge across 
all media. Jess has also held a number of Non Exec 
roles working currently as a Non Exec for UK Mail Plc  
and previously with the fashion retailer Jacques Vert 
Plc and TalkTalk Telecom Plc. Jess is also a Trustee 
of the young person's charity Get Connected. She 
became a Non-executive Director of Quarto in 2014.

Jess is a member of the Nominations, Audit and 
Remuneration Committees.

Mike Hartley (67) was appointed to the Board in 
August 2013 as Senior Independent Director and 
Chair of Remuneration and additionally as Chair 
of Audit from May 2014. Mike brings considerable 
board and international experience and a broad 
knowledge of strategic management. He formerly 
held a series of senior executive positions in both 
retail and manufacturing serving latterly as Chief 
Executive Officer of the £800m turnover Viyella 
division of Coats Viyella plc retiring in 2003. He 
has held a series of non-executive roles including 
Chairman of Dawson International plc from 2003 
to 2009 and Senior Independent Director of ITE 
Group plc from 2003 to 2014. He is currently 
Chairman of US based Dawson Forte LLP.

Christopher Mills (63) is the Managing Partner 
of Harwood Capital Management LLP, which is 
the largest shareholder of The Quarto Group, Inc. 
Christopher is also currently a director of Gleeson 
PLC, Catalyst Media Group plc and Bioquell plc as 
well as a number of private companies. He became 
a Non-executive Director of Quarto in 2014.

Christopher is a member of the Nominations, 
Audit and Remuneration Committees.

37

Robert Morley (70) co-founded The Quarto Group 
in 1976, setting up the original co-edition imprints 
and later developing the newly acquired US imprints. 
As a graphic design graduate from art college, 
he started out his career at Haymarket Publishing 
Group. He also worked as Art Director on the Sunday 
Telegraph magazine and with Richard Branson at the 
start of what is now the Virgin Group. From there he 
worked for IPC art directing part-work magazines 
followed by a period developing new ideas for 
Readers Digest books before setting up Jackson-
Morley, a boutique editorial and design company.

EMPLOYEES

Applications for employment of disabled persons 
are always fully considered, bearing in mind the 
aptitudes of the applicant concerned. In the event 
of staff becoming disabled, every effort is made 
to ensure that their employment with the Group 
continues and that appropriate training is arranged. 
It is the policy of the Group that the training, career 
development and promotion of disabled persons 
should, as far as possible, be identical with that of 
other employees.

The Group places considerable value on the 
involvement of its employees and has continued 
its practice of keeping them informed on matters 
affecting them as employees and on the various 
factors affecting the performance of the Group.  
This is achieved through formal and informal 
meetings. Employees are consulted regularly  
on a wide range of matters.

The Board recognises the importance of diversity 
amongst its employees and is committed to ensuring 
that employees are selected and promoted on the 
basis of merit and ability, regardless of age, gender, 
race, religion, sexual orientation or disability. The 
gender split across the Group for the year ended 
December 31, 2015 is illustrated in the table below.

Males

Females

Board

Senior Leadership Team

All employees

6

6

141

1

2

297

The Group's Senior Leadership Team comprises the Group's 
CEO and CFO, together with six senior managers.

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDERS

As at March 14, 2016, the latest practicable date prior to the publication of this report, the Directors have 
been advised of the following shareholders who have an interest of 3% or more in the shares of common 
stock of the Company: 

Number of US$0.10 shares of common stock

L. F. Orbach

Liontrust Asset Management

Herald Investment Trust

R. J. Morley

Henderson Global Investors

Unicorn Asset Management

Cavendish Asset Management

Lazard Freres Gestion

AXA Investment Management

2,889,785

1,969,832

1,812,045

1,402,852

1,192,791

995,116

813,500

800,000

750,000

14.13%

9.63%

8.86%

6.86%

5.83%

4.87%

3.98%

3.91%

3.67%

1  R.J. Morley sold 1,022,228 shares on March 24, 2016.
2 

 Gresham House Strategic PLC acquired 550,000 shares on March 24, 2016. On March 28, 2014 the Directors were advised 
that the total shareholding was 898,837 shares, representing 4.40% of common stock in issue.

38

The rights attaching to the Company’s shares 
of common stock are set out in the Company’s 
By-Laws, which can be found on the Company’s 
website, www.quartoknows.com. The rules for 
appointment and replacement of the Directors are 
set out in the Company’s By-Laws. The powers 
of the Directors are set out in the Company’s 
By-Laws. The Company may purchase its own 
shares through the market or by tender at a price 
which will not exceed the average prices at which 
business was done for 10 business days before 
the purchase is made or, in the case of a purchase 
through the market, at the market price, provided 
that it is not more than 5% above such average. 
The Company may amend its By-Laws by special 
resolution approved by the affirmative vote of the 
holders of a majority of the voting power of the 
shares. The Directors' interests in the shares of 
the Company are set out on page 57. There are 
no restrictions on the number of shares that 
Directors can hold.

RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

The Group is exposed to a number of principal 
risks and uncertainties. The Group’s financial risk 
management strategy is set out on in Note 33. 
Operational risks are set out on page 33 of the 
Financial Review.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The Company is committed to high standards of 
corporate governance and supports the principles 
laid down in the UK Corporate Governance 
Code issued by the Financial Reporting Council 
in 2014 (the ‘Code’). The Board considers that 
the Company has been in compliance with the 
principles and provisions of the Code, with the 
exception of those outlined below, throughout 
the year ended December 31, 2015 and to the 
date of this report.

The principles of the Code have been applied 
as follows:

a)  The Board of Directors represents the 

shareholders’ interests in maintaining and 
growing a successful business including 
optimising consistent long-term financial returns.

b)  The Board comprises two Executive Directors 

and five Non-executive Directors. The Chairman 
is responsible for the leadership of the Board 
and ensuring its effectiveness. The different roles 
of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
are acknowledged. The senior independent 
Non-executive Director is Michael Hartley who is 
available to shareholders, if they have concerns 
which are not able to be resolved through normal 
channels. Two Non-executive Directors, Michael 
Hartley and Jess Burley are considered by the 
Board to be independent. Timothy Chadwick 
and Christopher Mills are not deemed to be 
independent because of their relationship 
with Harwood Capital LLP, which was a major 
shareholder. Bob Morley, who co-founded the 
Group and previously served as a Director until 
May 2012, is also not deemed independent.

 There are a number of standing Committees 
of the Board to which various matters are 
delegated. They all have formal terms of 
reference approved by the Board which are 
available on the Company’s website  
(www.quarto.com).

c)  The Board met seven times in 2015. Attendance 
details are set out below. A formal agenda is 
prepared for each meeting and all board papers 
and information are circulated to the Board at 
least forty-eight hours before the meetings.

 
39

Attendance by Directors at Board and Committee meetings in 2015

Board

Audit Committee

Nominations 
Committee

Remuneration 
Committee

Jess Burley

Timothy Chadwick

Michael Hartley

Marcus Leaver

Michael Mousley1

Michael Connole2

Christopher Mills

Robert Morley

Total number of meetings

6

7

7

7

5

2

6

5

7

4

23

5

53

43

13

4

-

5

2

3

3

3

-

-

3

-

3

1  Michael Mousley resigned on August 31, 2015
2  Michael Connole was appointed to the Board on September 1, 2015.
3  These Directors are not members of the Audit Committee and attend by invitation only.

5

6

6

-

-

-

6

-

6

d)  All of the Directors are subject to re-election 
by the shareholders at the Annual Meeting. 
Timothy Chadwick and Christopher Mills will 
not put themselves forward for re-election 
at the Annual Meeting. The Board is satisfied 
to support the re-election of Mike Hartley 
and Jess Burley as non-executive Directors 
as they have individually produced excellent 
performance in their duties and have shown 
a high level of commitment to their roles.

e)   The remuneration of the Executive Directors 

is recommended by the Remuneration 
Committee, comprising Michael Hartley who 
is the Committee Chairman, Timothy Chadwick, 
Jess Burley and Christopher Mills. A separate 
report with respect to Directors’ remuneration 
is included on pages 46 to 62. The Committee 
meets at least twice a year.

f)   The Audit Committee is comprised of 

Michael Hartley who is Committee Chairman, 
Jess Burley and Christopher Mills. The Board 
is satisfied that Michael Hartley, together 
with Jess Burley and Christopher Mills, has 
appropriate financial experience to fulfil his 
role. Further details of the Committee’s work 
can be found on pages 42 to 45.

g)  Details of the work of the Nominations 

Committee during the year are set out in 
its report on page 63.

h)   A formal review of the performance of the 
Board, its Committees and the Directors 
was carried out before the year end, led by 
the Chairman and assisted by the Company 
Secretary. A questionnaire was used as part 
of the process and individual performance was 
reviewed by the Chairman. The Chairman's own 
performance was subject to a review led by the 
Senior Independent Director. The output from 
the appraisal confirmed that the Board and its 
Committees were operating effectively.

i)   The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial 
Officer are responsible for investor relations. 
They meet with major shareholders during 
the course of the year to ensure that they 
develop an understanding of their views, 
which are communicated to the rest of the 
Board at Board meetings. The Non-executive 
Chairman and Senior Independent Director 
meet with major shareholders from time to 
time. Shareholders are invited to attend the 
Annual Meeting at least twenty-one days in 
advance of the meeting. All Directors attend 
the meeting which is used to communicate 
with shareholders.

40

j)   The Board has a procedure for Directors 

GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REPORTING

During the year, the Group worked with Energy 
Management LLP, an energy procurement and 
carbon consultancy, to develop GHG reporting 
protocol based on DEFRA and World Resource 
Institute guidelines.

The Group has chosen to use Operational 
Control in their approach to reporting utility 
data, electricity and natural gas from UK and 
International operations. This includes sites that 
have been disposed of during the reporting period. 
Scope 1 (Natural Gas) and Scope 2 (Electricity) 
are reported on below, but the Group are not 
reporting on Scope 3 emissions covering emissions 
from transport and emissions from fully serviced 
offices where only a service charge is applied.

The Group has identified GHG (Greenhouse Gas) 
emissions per employee as the most appropriate 
available KPI (referred to as the intensity ratio) and 
has chosen 2014 as our Base Year, following the 
disposal of our silk screen printing business in 2013.

GLOBAL GHG EMISSIONS

Scope 1

Scope 2

Total GHG emissions (CO e)

Average number of staff*

Emissions per staff member

2015

2014

   Tonnes of CO2e
13

17

268

285

321

0.89

319

332

324

1.02

*  Excluding staff at fully serviced offices.

to take independent professional advice at 
the Company’s expense, if required.

k)   All Directors have access to the advice 
and services of the Company Secretary.

l)   Quarto has arranged appropriate 
insurance cover in respect of legal 
action against the Directors.

m)  The Company has an established 

whistle- blowing policy.

The provisions of the Code not complied 
with are as follows:

a)   A.3.1. – As noted above, the Chairman of the 
Board was not independent at the date of 
appointment. Upon his anticipated election at 
the Annual Meeting as Chairman of the Board, 
Peter Read will be independent.

b)   B.2.1. – The Nomination Committee is not 
composed of a majority of independent  
Non-executive Directors. The Board is however 
satisfied that its current composition enables 
the Committee to benefit from a broad range 
of views and does not inhibit it from following 
a formal, rigorous and transparent procedure 
when appointing new directors.

c)   C.2.1. – During the year end, the Directors 
commenced a robust assessment of the 
principal business risks including those that 
would jeopardise its business model, future 
performance, solvency or liquidity. Since the 
year end, this assessment has been formally 
documented in a risk register which also details 
the effectiveness of the controls in place.

The Board will continue to review its corporate 
governance arrangements, in the light of the 
Code, as the Group develops and grows, and in 
particular will review those provisions that are not 
currently complied with.

The Directors consider that the annual report 
and accounts, taken as a whole, are fair, balanced 
and understandable and provide the information 
necessary for shareholders to assess the Group’s 
performance, business model and strategy.

41

RISK MANAGEMENT AND INTERNAL CONTROLS

e)   The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief 

The Board is responsible for the Group’s 
system of internal control and for reviewing its 
effectiveness. As stated previously, the Directors 
have carried out a robust assessment of the 
principal businesses and considered the controls 
in place to eliminate or mitigate the impact of key 
risks. The Board has in place risk management 
systems in relation to the Company’s financial 
reporting process and the Group’s process for 
the preparation of the consolidated financial 
statements. However, such systems are designed 
to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure 
to achieve business objectives and can provide 
only reasonable and not absolute assurance 
against material misstatement or loss.

Established procedures are in place to identify 
and consolidate reporting entities. Our control 
activities include policies and practices covering 
appropriate authorisation and approval of 
transactions, the application of financial reporting 
standards and reviews of significant judgements 
and financial performance.

The main elements of the internal control and 
financial reporting systems are:

a)   The results of individual operating segments 

are reported and reviewed by the Board at its 
meetings during the year.

b)   The management reports of each operating 
segment are tailored to suit the business and 
management needs of local management. 
Each operating segment has its own key 
performance indicators and these are 
regularly reviewed and assessed.

c)   In addition to monthly reporting, individual 
operating units report certain management 
information more frequently, where it is 
considered appropriate.

d)  All operating units report their bank balances 

twice weekly and a report is produced 
summarising the Group position.

Financial Officer make frequent visits to all 
operating segments. These visits include 
reviews of the internal control and financial 
reporting systems.

f)   All operating units prepare annual budgets 
and cash flow forecasts which are reviewed 
by the Board.

The UK Corporate Governance Code  
introduced a requirement that the Directors 
perform on-going monitoring and review of the 
effectiveness of the Group’s system of internal 
controls, to cover all controls including financial, 
operational, compliance, and risk management. 
The Board confirms that there are ongoing 
processes covering the identification, evaluation 
and management of the significant risks faced by 
the Group and covers all material controls. The 
processes are carried out through Group Board 
meetings, quarterly subsidiary management 
meetings, discussion and review by the Executive 
Board and the finance department during the 
several visits per year to individual operating units, 
and discussions with professional advisers where 
appropriate. The Board identified a significant 
failing in relation to financial reporting controls 
in the year, which together with the remedial 
actions, is discussed in the Audit Committee 
Report on page 44. We will continue to develop 
our risk management framework during 2016.

AUDITORS

Deloitte LLP have expressed their willingness to 
continue in office. A resolution to reappoint them 
as the Company’s auditors and to authorise the 
Directors to determine their remuneration will be 
proposed at the Annual Meeting.

Clive Potterell 
Secretary 
March 30, 2016 
Company Registration Number: FC0 13814

 
42 AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT

The members of the Audit Committee who 
served throughout the year are non-executive 
Directors Michael Hartley (Chairman), Jessica 
Burley and Christopher Mills. The Board 
considers Jessica Burley and Michael Hartley 
to be independent Directors. The Board 
considers a majority of members of the 
Committee to have recent and relevant financial 
experience and together have a wide range of 
financial and commercial experience to fulfil 
the Committee’s duties. 

RESPONSIBILITIES

The Committee acts in accordance with its terms 
of reference as available on the Group’s website, 
and its specific responsibilities include:

•  To consider and recommend the appointment 

of the Group’s auditor, the audit fee, audit 
engagement letter and questions of auditor 
performance, partner rotation, resignation, 
and dismissal.

•  To meet with the auditor to discuss all aspects 
of the audit including audit planning, scope, 
findings, accounting policies, management 
judgements and estimates.

•  To review the Board’s representation letter 

to the auditor.

•  To review the auditor’s management letter 

and management’s response.

•  To set policy and review the use of any  

non-audit services and assess the 
independence of the auditor.

•  To review financial statements released 

to the public including interim and annual 
financial statements.

•  To review the Group’s accounting policies, 
practices and use of accounting standards 
especially for decisions requiring major 
elements of judgement, significant adjustments, 
long term viability and going concern.

• To review the Group’s internal controls and risk 

management including:

  -  the financial reporting process

  -   identifying, managing and monitoring financial, 

operational, compliance and other risks

  -   compliance with regulatory and legal requirements

  -   detecting fraud

• To review the need for an internal audit function 

at least annually.

COMMITTEE MEETINGS

The Committee meets throughout the year to fulfil 
its responsibilities. The Committee Chairman also 
meets informally with the Chief Financial Officer 
throughout the year and with senior management. 
He also meets with the external Audit Partner from 
time to time to discuss issues and be appraised of 
regulatory change.

By invitation the Company’s Chairman of 
the Board, Chief Executive Officer, CFO and 
representatives of the Company’s auditor also 
attend Committee meetings although part of 
some meetings are exclusively for Committee 
members without executive management present.

The Chairman of the Committee attends the 
Annual Meeting to address any shareholder 
questions relating to the Committee.

The Committee met five times during 2015.

The Committee, as part of full Board meetings, 
was also involved in approving announcements 
made to the London Stock Exchange.

ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE

During 2015 and 2016 to date the work of the 
Committee included:

• Review of the plan and scope of the external audit.

•  Review of the external auditor’s report on the 2015 

year end audit and approval of the preliminary 
announcement and the annual report.

•  Recommend to the Board its support for 

management’s recommendation for the final 
and interim dividend.

43

•  Consider the external auditor’s comments in 

Exceptional items

relation to internal control and review the need 
and potential scope of internal audit functions.

•  Review compliance of the policy relating to use 

of the auditors for non-audit work.

•  Review and approval of the interim report 2015 

after discussion with management and the 
external auditor.

•  Discussion of significant accounting issues facing 
the Group including goodwill impairment, the 
amortisation of intangible assets, going concern, 
revenue recognition and policy with regard to 
disclosure of exceptional items.

•  Review of the Directors' viability statement.

•  Review of the independence of the external 

auditor.

AUDIT RISKS, KEY FINDINGS AND FINANCIAL 
JUDGEMENTS RELATING TO YEAR END 
ACCOUNTS 2015 

The Committee concentrated on the following 
judgement areas in relation to the 2015 accounts.

Goodwill impairment

Goodwill arising from acquisitions is stated at 
cost less any accumulated impairment losses. 
In accordance with IAS 36 the Group tests the 
goodwill on an annual basis for impairment. 
The Committee reviewed the methodology and 
assumptions in the testing process with focus on 
the discount rate used in the discounted cash flow 
valuations and the sensitivity to changes in the 
discount rate and growth rate. Further detail is  
set out in Note 10.

Amortisation and recoverability  
of intangible assets

Amortisation of intangible assets is charged to 
profit or loss on a straight line basis over the 
estimated useful lives of the intangible assets. 
Pre-publication costs which are capitalised in 
accordance with IAS 38 form much of these 
intangible assets and the Committee, with the 
external auditor, discussed the assumptions 
behind the amortisation including the 
amortisation period of the publications.  
Further detail is set out in Note 14.

The Committee, in consultation with the Auditor, 
considered the latest regulatory guidelines issued 
by the FRC in December 2013 and agreed with 
the Executive Directors to restrict exceptional 
items to significant non-trading items outside 
the scope of normal business that need to be 
disclosed by virtue of their size or incidence. 
Further detail is set out in Note 4.

Going Concern

The Committee considered the underlying 
robustness of the Group’s business model, 
products and proposition, and the financial 
resources available to it for the future to 
satisfy itself of the going concern assumption 
in preparing the financial statements. The 
Committee noted the forecast compliance with 
the facility’s covenants for the foreseeable future.

Revenue recognition and sales returns

The Committee considered the risk that revenue 
may not be captured in the relevant period. 
Apart from the usual risks relating to the timing 
of revenue recognition, management are required 
to provide for returns which may be made 
subsequent to the period end. This requires a 
significant degree of judgement as management 
assesses sales returns through quantifying the 
previous returns experience. This judgement 
is particularly germane in 2015 due to the 
very high rate of sales of the fashionable adult 
colouring books, particularly in the final quarter. 
The Committee reviewed management's 
methodology, and discussed the procedures 
followed to ensure that revenue was booked 
into the correct period in line with the stated 
accounting policies and that returns provisions 
were reasonable.

During the audit of the BGD subsidiary in 
Australia where Deloitte replaced the previous 
local auditor, it was identified that due to the 
specific goods in transit insurance arrangements, 
title does not pass until receipt by the customer. 
The accounts had previously been based on title 
passing at port. The accounts have been restated 
to correctly reflect revenue cut off. Further detail 
is set out in Note 35.

44

Inventory provisioning

EXTERNAL AUDIT

Manufacturing and wholesaling economics of 
books inherently leads to holding significant 
inventory. Most of these are not firm sales so 
there is a significant degree of judgement as 
to the provisions required to hold this inventory 
at the lower of cost or net realisable value. The 
Committee reviewed managements’ methodology 
and discussed the testing performed by the 
Auditor to provide comfort that these estimates 
were reasonable. Management recorded 
additional provisions on slow moving inventory in 
the Books & Gifts Direct business in New Zealand.

Receivables provisioning

Trade receivables is inherently a critical accounting 
estimate in relation to the risk of non recoverability 
of trade receivables. The Committee has discussed 
and challenged the overall receivables position 
and considered the reasonableness of the level 
of provisioning.

Restatement of overhead capitalisation

During consolidation testing procedures, the 
Auditor identified a balance of capitalised 
overheads of $0.6m, which had been incorrectly 
capitalised as it did not meet the recognition criteria 
identified by IAS 2 “Inventories”. The Accounts have 
been restated. Further detail is set out in Note 35.

The Committee was concerned by the need 
for restatements relating to 2014 identified 
above. The Committee notes the steps taken to 
strengthen the Group's finance function and also 
extend the scope of the Group's external auditor's 
involvement to other local markets including 
Australia, New Zealand and Hong Kong. Progress 
has been made, with certain control and process 
reviews initiated by Michael Connole (our CFO 
since his appointment in September 2015), and 
the extension of Deloitte's audit to these markets. 
The audit in 2016 has identified issues relating to 
Australia and the relevant restatements have been 
made. In 2016 further recruitment of senior finance 
personnel at Group and local markets has taken 
place. The Committee and executive management 
recognise the need for continuous improvement 
in this area and will be closely monitoring further 
progress in 2016.

The Committee assesses the effectiveness of its 
external auditor through ongoing dialogue and 
communication with the Auditor. The audit cycle 
included formal meetings. The audit planning 
meeting, which happens prior to the audit, was when 
the Committee discussed reporting developments, 
significant accounting risks, the new requirements 
in relation to the viability statement and other 
Corporate Governance Code changes, improvement 
in relation to risk management and internal control 
and controls in the accounting process.

At the end of the audit process, the Committee met 
with the auditors to receive their report on the key 
findings with focus on identified key audit risks, any 
misstatements in management’s initial accounts 
and to consider areas of judgement and estimates.

The Auditor showed diligence and openness 
with the Committee during meetings and 
through written communication and during 
intermediate briefing sessions with the Chair 
of the Audit Committee. The Auditor gave the 
Committee forthright views on judgement areas 
whilst recognising that the decisions lay with 
the Committee. The Committee also received 
feedback from the Executive Directors involved 
with the audit. The Committee is satisfied with 
the Auditor’s effectiveness. 

APPOINTMENT AND INDEPENDENCE

Deloitte was appointed the Group’s auditor in 
December 2014 and as auditor to the UK and 
US subsidiaries. Deloitte member firms were 
also appointed auditor of the Australian, Hong 
Kong and New Zealand subsidiaries in 2015. 
The Committee considers the appointment of 
the external auditor each year and considers 
the performance of the lead audit partner and 
the audit manager during the audit process. 
A tender process for the Company's audit was last 
completed in early 2014. There are no restrictions 
on the Committee’s choice of external auditor.

For the 2015 audit of the Group and the  
Company’s accounts, Deloitte was paid  
£266,600 (2014: £147,500).

45

NON-AUDIT SERVICES

Deloitte provided agreed upon procedures  
in respect of the interim financial statements  
at a fee of £5,000 (2014: $nil).

list of required internal control tasks with reports 
on these items coming to the Committee for review. 
This was not achieved, partly due to a change 
in the Group CFO role. The new Group CFO has 
committed that this will be achieved in 2016.

INTERNAL AUDIT

The Committee reviews the appropriateness of 
having an internal audit function. To date there has 
not been a separate internal audit function, given the 
size and scale of the Group's operations. However, 
in 2015, the Committee planned to implement a 
greater formalisation of the internal review of a set 

Mike Hartley 
Chairman of the Audit Committee 
March 30, 2016

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT

DEAR SHAREHOLDER

I am pleased to present the Directors' Remuneration 
Report for the year ended 31 December 2015, which 
has been prepared by the Remuneration Committee 
(“the Committee”) and approved by the Board.

Whilst the Remuneration Policy is unchanged, for 
clarity we have updated the charts illustrating the 
application of the remuneration policy to reflect 
the latest salaries and changes to Directors where 
appropriate.

This is the Company’s third year of reporting in 
line with The Large and Medium-sized Companies 
and Groups (Accounts and Reports) (Amendment) 
Regulations 2013. The report is divided into two 
sections:

The first is the Policy Report which was approved 
by shareholders at the AGM on 22 May 2014 and 
which outlines the Group’s Remuneration Policy 
applying from 23 May 2014.

The second section is the Annual Report on 
Remuneration, which reviews how the policy was 
implemented. Mindful of the length of remuneration 
reports, we have aimed to be concise without 
compromising on transparency. I hope you find the 
Remuneration Report clear and easy to understand 
and we would welcome any feedback or comments. 

Mike Hartley 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 
March 30, 2016

46 DIRECTORS' REMUNERATION REPORT

In line with The Large and Medium-sized 
Companies and Group’s (Accounts and Reports) 
(Amendment) Regulations 2013 the following 
parts of the Annual Report on Remuneration are 
audited: the single total figure of remuneration for 
each director, including annual bonus outcomes 
for the financial year ended December 31, 2015; 
pension entitlements; payments to past directors 
and payments for loss of office; and, directors’ 
shareholdings and share interests. All other parts of 
the Directors’ Remuneration Report are unaudited. 

POLICY REPORT 

This section provides Quarto’s remuneration 
policy for Directors, which has been applied 
from May 23, 2014, following approval at the 
2014 Annual Meeting. The Group’s principal 
remuneration policy aim is to ensure that the 
Executive Directors' remuneration is designed 
to promote the long-term success of the Company. 

Performance related elements are designed to be 
transparent, stretching and are rigorously applied.

In formulating its policies the Committee had 
regard to and balanced the following factors:

a)   the need to align the interests of the 

executive with those of the shareholders;

b)   the performance of the individual executive 

and of the Group as a whole;

c)   the remuneration practice in the markets in 
which the executive is principally based; and,

d)  the remuneration packages offered to 

executives in companies competing in the 
same markets and industry as the Group, 
but exercising caution, in view of the risk of 
an upward ratchet of remuneration levels with 
no corresponding improvement in corporate 
and individual performance.

SUMMARY OF QUARTO’S REMUNERATION POLICY APPLYING FROM MAY 23, 2014

The elements of the remuneration policy for Directors are set out below. The changes to the annual and 
medium- term bonus schemes were implemented from 2014. The Performance Share Plan (“PSP”) was 
implemented following approval at the 2014 Annual Meeting.

FIXED PAY – BASE SALARY / FEES

Purpose and  
link to strategy

Set at competitive levels in the markets in which Quarto operates, in order to attract 
and retain executives.

Operation

Reviewed annually with changes normally effective from 1 January of each year. 
Reviews take account of:

•  scope of the role and the markets in which Quarto operates;

•  performance and experience of the individual;

• pay levels at organisations of a similar size and complexity; and,

•  pay and conditions elsewhere in the Group.

Opportunity

There is no prescribed maximum to avoid setting unhelpful expectations. Any salary 
increases are applied in line with the outcome of the review and taking into account 
wider factors, for example, local market inflation.

Performance 
metrics

Not applicable

47

Fixed pay – Benefits

Purpose and  
link to strategy

Operation

Designed to be competitive in the market in which the individual is employed.

Benefits include life insurance and private medical insurance. Where appropriate, 
other benefits may be offered including, but not limited to, participation in all-
employee share schemes.

Benefits are non-pensionable.

Opportunity

Benefits vary by role and individual circumstance and eligibility is reviewed 
periodically.

Benefits are not anticipated to exceed 5% of salary p.a. over the period for which 
this policy applies.

The Committee retains the discretion to approve a higher cost in exceptional 
circumstances (e.g. relocation) or in circumstances where factors outside of the 
Group’s control have materially changed (e.g. increases in medical premiums).

Performance 
metrics

Not applicable

Fixed pay – Pension

Purpose and  
link to strategy

To provide cost effective retirement benefits.

Operation

Participation in defined contribution plan or cash allowance in lieu.

Opportunity

Up to 15% of base salary. 

Performance 
metrics

Not applicable

Variable pay – Annual performance bonus

Purpose and  
link to strategy

Designed to reinforce individual performance and contribution to the achievement 
of profit growth and strategic objectives. 

Operation

Measures are reviewed prior to the start of the financial year to ensure they remain 
appropriate and reinforce the business strategy, and performance targets are set 
annually to ensure they are appropriately stretching and reflect those strategic 
objectives. At the end of the year the Committee determines the extent to which 
these were achieved.

Awards are payable in cash.

Payments made under the annual bonus are subject to claw-back for the later of one 
year following the date of award or the completion of the next audit of the Group’s 
accounts, in the event of a fraud or material misstatement of results being identified 
in relation to the year in which the bonus is earned.

48

Opportunity

Maximum potential opportunity of up to 60% of base salary.

Typically, 10% of potential is achieved for Threshold performance of the financial 
goals and 100% for Stretching performance.

Performance 
metrics

At least half of the annual bonus is based on financial objectives with the balance 
on personal objectives.

The Committee will vary the weightings from year-to-year to reflect the changing 
strategic needs for the business with a default bias towards financial objectives.

In exceptional circumstances, the Committee has the ability to exercise discretion to 
override the formulaic bonus outcome within the limits of the Plan where it believes 
the outcome is not truly reflective of performance and to ensure fairness to both 
shareholders and participants.

Variable pay – Medium-term performance bonus

Purpose and  
link to strategy

Designed to reinforce the achievement of continuous profit growth over a longer 
time frame and aid staff retention. 

Operation

Measures are reviewed prior to the start of each 3 year period to ensure they remain 
appropriate and to ensure they are appropriately stretching. At the end of the 3 year 
period the Committee determines the extent to which these were achieved.

Awards are payable in cash.

Payments made under the medium-term bonus are subject to claw-back for the 
later of one year following the date of award or the completion of the next audit of 
the Group’s accounts, in the event of a fraud or material misstatement of results being 
identified in relation to the year in which the bonus is earned. 

Opportunity

Maximum potential opportunity of up to 120% of base salary for the three year period.

Typically, 10% of potential is achieved for achieving Threshold performance and 100% 
for Stretching performance.

Performance 
metrics

The medium-term bonus is based entirely on cumulative increases in earnings and is 
only paid at the end of the 3 year period based on the cumulative result.

In exceptional circumstances, the Committee has the ability to exercise discretion to 
override the formulaic bonus outcome within the limits of the Plan where it believes 
the outcome is not truly reflective of performance and to ensure fairness to both 
shareholders and participants. 

Variable pay – Performance Share Plan (PSP)

Purpose and  
link to strategy

Ensures that the Executive’s interests are aligned with those of shareholders through 
reward for providing shareholders with substantial increases in shareholder value by 
June 30, 2016 and/or for achievement of a measure of sustained growth in earnings 
over the medium to long term.

49

Operation

Aside from a one-off award to the Chief Executive Officer which vests if the target 
shareholder return is met by June 30, 2016, awards of nominal-cost (or nil-cost) 
options may be granted annually as a percentage of base salary. Vesting is based on 
performance measured over four years. The performance period normally starts at 
the beginning of the financial year in which the date of grant falls.

Dividends accrue on PSP awards and are paid on those shares which vest. Award 
levels and performance conditions are reviewed before each award cycle to ensure 
they remain appropriate.

Payments made under the PSP are subject to claw-back, for the later of one year 
following date of vesting or completion of the next audit of the Group’s accounts, in 
the event of a fraud or material misstatement of results being identified in relation to 
the years in which the PSP is earned.

Opportunity

With the exception of a one-off award made to the Chief Executive Officer in 2014, 
award opportunities for participants are up to 50% of base salary.

Awards of up to 100% of base salary may be provided in exceptional circumstances 
(e.g. recruitment).

20% of maximum vests for Threshold, rising on a straight-line basis to full vesting for 
Stretch performance.

Performance 
metrics

Apart from the initial one-off award to the Chief Executive Officer, which is based on 
achieving total shareholder returns of £2.50 by June 30, 2016 from a combination of 
dividends, capital returns and share price, awards to Executives are subject to four 
year cumulative EPS performance.

In exceptional circumstances, the Committee has the ability to exercise discretion to 
override the formulaic PSP outcome within the Plan limits to ensure alignment of pay 
with the underlying performance of the business during the performance period.

Fixed pay – Non-executive Directors’ fees

Purpose and link 
to strategy

To reflect the time commitment in preparing for and attending meetings, the duties and 
responsibilities of the role and the contribution expected from the Non-executive Directors.

Operation

Annual fee for Chairman.

Annual base fee for non-executive Directors. Additional fees are paid to the Senior 
Independent Director and the Chairmen of the Committees to reflect additional 
responsibilities.

Fees are reviewed annually, taking into account time commitment, responsibilities  
and fees paid by comparable companies.

Opportunity

There is no prescribed maximum. Non-executive Director fee increases are applied 
in line with the outcome of the review and taking into account wider factors, for 
example, inflation.

Performance 
metrics

Not applicable

In addition to the above elements of remuneration, any commitment made prior to, but due to be fulfilled 
after, the approval and implementation of the remuneration policy detailed in this report will be honoured.

50

PERFORMANCE MEASURE SELECTION AND  
APPROACH TO TARGET SETTING

DIFFERENCES IN REMUNERATION POLICY 
OPERATED FOR OTHER EMPLOYEES

The measures used under the annual bonus plan 
are selected annually to reflect the Group’s key 
strategic priorities for the year and reinforce 
financial performance and achievement 
of annual objectives as well as individual 
performance. Financial measures include, 
but may not be limited to, profit after tax.

The Committee considers that profit after tax 
adjusted for any exceptional items is the most 
appropriate measure of long-term performance 
of the Group. It is well-aligned with shareholder 
interests, provides clear visibility and the 
scheme is simple.

Performance targets are set at such a level as 
to be stretching and achievable, with regard to 
the particular strategic priorities and economic 
environment. The annual bonus Threshold is 
based on a 3% growth in profits with Stretch 
target being 10% growth. The same basis is used 
for the medium-term bonus where the targets 
compound annually.

The Committee reviews the performance targets 
applying to awards made to the proposed PSP 
scheme annually. Awards made to participants 
will be based on either one or a combination of 
total shareholder return and cumulative earnings 
per share over the measured period. These will be 
reported on each year in the Annual Report on 
Remuneration.

Quarto’s approach to annual salary reviews is 
consistent across the Group. Key management 
personnel and senior managers with substantial 
operational responsibilities are eligible to 
participate in an annual and, in certain cases, the 
medium-term bonus scheme with similar metrics 
to those used for the Chief Executive Officer. 
Opportunities and specific performance conditions 
vary by organisational level with business area-
specific metrics incorporated where appropriate.

Key management personnel and senior managers 
are eligible to participate in the PSP. Performance 
conditions are consistent for all these participants, 
while award opportunities may vary by 
organisational level but are typically limited  
to 50% of base salary. 

SHAREHOLDING GUIDELINES

The Committee recognises the importance 
of aligning the interests of Executives with 
shareholders through the building up of a 
significant shareholding in the Group. Save for the 
initial award made to Marcus Leaver in May 2014, 
Executive Directors are required to retain shares of 
a value equal to 50% of the after-tax gain made on 
the vesting of awards under the Plans, until they 
have built up a minimum shareholding of a value 
equivalent to at least 100% of annual base salary.

51

REMUNERATION POLICY FOR NEW DIRECTORS 

When hiring or appointing a new executive director, including by way of internal promotion, 
the Committee may make use of all the existing components of remuneration as follows:

Component

Approach

Base salary

Determined in line with the stated policy, and taking into 
account their previous salary. Initial salaries may be set below 
market and consideration given to phasing any increases 
over two or three years subject to development in the role.

Benefits

Pension

In line with the stated policy.

In line with the stated policy.

Annual bonus

In line with stated policy, with the relevant maximum  
pro-rated to reflect the proportion of the year served. 

Maximum value

Not applicable

Not applicable

Not applicable

60% of base salary

Medium-term 
bonus

In line with stated policy, with the relevant maximum  
pro-rated to reflect the proportion of the year served. 

120% of base salary 
over 3 years

PSP

In line with the stated policy.

100% of base salary  
(200% in exceptional 
circumstances)

In determining appropriate remuneration for 
a new executive, the Committee will take into 
consideration all relevant factors (including 
quantum, nature of remuneration and the 
jurisdiction from which the candidate was 
recruited) to ensure that arrangements are in the 
best interests of both The Quarto Group and its 
shareholders. The Committee may consider it 
appropriate to grant an award under a structure 
not included in the policy, for example to ‘buy 
out’ incentive arrangements forfeited on leaving 
a previous employer, and will exercise the 
discretion available under Listing Rule 9.4.2 R 
where necessary. In doing so, the Committee will 

consider relevant factors including the expected 
value of all outstanding equity awards using a 
Monte Carlo, Black-Scholes, or other relevant 
equivalent valuation and, where applicable, 
taking into account toughness of performance 
conditions attached to these awards and the 
likelihood of those conditions being met.

In cases of appointing a new Executive Director 
by way of internal promotion, the Group will 
honour any contractual commitments made prior 
to their promotion to Executive Director.

In cases of appointing a new non-executive Director, 
the approach will be consistent with the policy.

52

SERVICE CONTRACTS AND EXIT PAYMENTS POLICY

Non-executive Directors are engaged on the basis of a letter of appointment. In line with the UK 
Corporate Governance Code, all Directors are subject to re-election annually at the Annual Meeting. 
The Chairman had an initial 3 year contract, subject to re-election each year and the non-executive 
Directors have a one month notice period. The Chairman’s contract was renewed in January 2016 to run 
until his retirement at the 2016 Annual Meeting. The non-executive Director Letters of Appointment are 
available to view at the Group’s registered office and the effective dates of their Letters of Appointment 
are as follows:

Director

Date of Appointment

Appointment Letter

Notice period

Tim Chadwick

November 7, 2012

January 25, 2016

Jessica Burley

May 22, 2014

January 17, 2014

Michael Hartley

August 6, 2013

August 22, 2013

Contract terminates 
coincident with the 
2016 AGM

1 month

1 month

Christopher Mills

October 15, 2014 

October 22, 2014

1 month

Bob Morley

August 6, 2013

August 6, 2013

None1

1    Bob Morley’s contract provides ongoing employment, without limit, whilst he meets certain conditions, including, but not 

limited to, him not selling or otherwise disposing of his shares in the Company in a manner that qualifies for Entrepreneur’s 
Relief. This contract precedes his re-appointment to the Board.

Executive Director service contracts have no fixed term and, save for Bob Morley, have a notice period 
of not more than 12 months from either the Executive or the Group. Save for Bob Morley, these notice 
periods meet best practice guidelines and give protection, mutually, to the Group and the Executive. 
Executive Director service contracts are available to view at the Group’s registered office. The dates of 
the Executive Director service contracts and the relevant notice period are as follows:

Director

Effective date of contract

Notice period

Marcus Leaver

April 30, 2012

Michael Connole

September 1, 2015

12 months

12 months

The Committee’s policy is to limit severance payments on termination to pre-established contractual 
arrangements and the rules of the relevant incentive plans. In doing so, the Committee’s objective is 
to avoid rewarding poor performance. Furthermore, the Committee will take account of the Executive 
Director’s duty to mitigate their loss.

Termination payments are limited to base salary and benefits during the unexpired notice period which 
cannot be mitigated.

53

In addition to the contractual provisions regarding payment on termination set out above, the Group’s 
incentive plans and share schemes contain provisions for termination of employment.

Component

Bad leaver

Good leaver

Change-of-control

Annual bonus No annual  

bonus payable

Medium-term 
bonus

No annual  
bonus payable

PSP

Outstanding 
awards are 
forfeited

Eligible for an award to the 
extent that performance 
conditions have been 
satisfied and pro-rated for 
the proportion of the financial 
year served, with Committee 
discretion to treat otherwise

Eligible for an award to the extent 
that performance conditions 
have been satisfied up to the 
change of control and pro-rated 
for the proportion of the financial 
year served, with Committee 
discretion to treat otherwise

Eligible for an award to the 
extent that performance 
conditions have been 
satisfied and pro-rated for the 
proportion of the three financial 
years served, with Committee 
discretion to treat otherwise

Eligible for an award to the extent 
that performance conditions have 
been satisfied up to the change 
of control and pro-rated for the 
proportion of the three financial 
years served, with Committee 
discretion to treat otherwise

Outstanding awards will 
normally continue and be tested 
for performance over the full 
period, and pro-rated for time 
based on the proportion of the 
period served, with Committee 
discretion to treat otherwise

Outstanding awards will normally 
vest and be tested for performance 
over the period to change-of-
control, and pro-rated for time 
based on the proportion of the 
period served, with Committee 
discretion to treat otherwise

Any commitment made prior to, but due to 
be fulfilled after the policy comes into force, 
will be honoured.

An individual would normally be considered a 
good leaver if they leave for reasons of death, 
injury, ill-health, disability, redundancy, part of 
the business in which the individual is employed 
or engaged ceasing to be a member of the 
Group, circumstances that are considered by the 
Committee to be retirement, or any other reason 
as the Committee decides. Bad leaver provisions 
apply under other circumstances.

EXTERNAL APPOINTMENTS 

The Executive Directors may accept external 
appointments with the prior approval of the Board 
and provided only that such appointments do not 
prejudice the individual’s ability to fulfil their duties 
at the Group. Whether any related fees are retained 
by the individual or remitted to the Group will be 
considered on a case-by-case basis.

ILLUSTRATION OF THE APPLICATION  
OF THE REMUNERATION POLICY 

The chart on page 54 shows the remuneration 
that the Executive Directors could be expected 
to obtain based on varying performance 
scenarios. Illustrations are intended to provide 
further information to shareholders regarding 
the relationship between pay and performance.

Potential reward opportunities illustrated are based 
on the policies applying from May 23, 2014, applied 
to the latest known fixed pay of base salaries, 
pension, other benefits and variable pay of annual 
bonus, medium term bonus and PSP. To better 
illustrate the annual potential remuneration, the 
medium-term bonus potential and PSP Awards are 
pro-rated to an annual equivalent.

54

1500

1200

900

600

300

996

43%

6%
9%

42%

421

100%

1,247

37%

12%

17%

34%

278

100%

338
4%
14%

82%

435
8%

28%

64%

0

Minimum

Performing in line 
with expectations

Marcus Leaver

Maximum

Minimum

Performing in line 
with expectations

Maximum

Michael Connole

Fixed remuneration 

Annual variable remuneration 

Medium-term variable remuneration  

 PSP

*  Does not include commissions which may become due (refer to Annual Report on Remuneration) 
**  Remuneration is contracted in sterling

Assumptions underlying each element of pay are provided in the below table:

Component

‘Minimum’

‘Maximum’

Base salary

Latest known salary

d
e
x
F

i

Pension

Contribution rate applied to latest known salary

Other benefits

Benefits as provided in the single figure table on page 56

Annual bonus

No bonus payable

Medium-term bonus*

No bonus payable

PSP Vesting*

None Vesting

Maximum bonus

Maximum bonus

Full vesting

*  The maximum medium term bonus and the PSP vesting has been pro-rated over three years 

CONSIDERATION OF CONDITIONS 
ELSEWHERE IN THE GROUP

When reviewing and setting executive 
remuneration, the Committee takes into account 
the pay and employment conditions of all 
employees of the Group. The Group-wide pay 
review budget is one of the key factors when 
reviewing the salaries of the Executive Directors.

Although the Group has not carried out a 
formal employee consultation regarding 
Board remuneration, it does comply with local 
regulations and practices regarding employee 
consultation more broadly.

CONSIDERATION OF SHAREHOLDER VIEWS

It is the Committee’s policy to consult with 
major shareholders or their chosen shareholder 
representative body prior to any changes to its 
Executive Director remuneration structure.

Mike Hartley 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 
March 30, 2016

ANNUAL REPORT ON REMUNERATION

55

THE REMUNERATION COMMITTEE 
(“THE COMMITTEE”)

•  Determining the structure and quantum of short-

term and medium-term bonus schemes; and,

The current members of the Committee are the 
Group’s non-executive Directors, Michael Hartley 
(Chairman), Jessica Burley, Tim Chadwick, and 
Christopher Mills. They served throughout the year.

The Committee met five times during the year. 
Further details of attendance of non-executive 
Directors at Remuneration Committee meetings 
can be found in the Corporate Governance 
Report on page 39. The CEO and the Director 
of People attended parts of certain meetings 
to make presentations and answer questions.

No individual was present when their own 
remuneration was being discussed. The 
Remuneration Committee’s Terms of Reference 
are available on the Group’s website.

The Committee is responsible for:

• Recommending to the Board the remuneration 

and terms and conditions of employment 
of the Chairman (who absents himself from 
discussions regarding his own remuneration), 
Executive Directors and key members of senior 
management;

• Measuring subsequent performance as a prelude 
to determining the Executive Directors’ and key 
managers’ total remuneration on behalf of the 
whole Board;

•  Granting awards under the PSP Share Award 

Scheme. 

The main issues discussed and/or approved 
during the financial year under review:

•  Approval of the prior year Directors’ 

Remuneration Report;

•  Annual review of the Executive Directors’ 

salaries and benefits;

•  Review of the Executive Directors’ and the 

senior managers’ performance under the prior 
year’s annual bonus scheme, including a review 
of their performance against their personal 
objectives and approval of the bonus awards;

•  Review of the design and targets for 

the forthcoming annual bonus scheme, 
including personal objectives;

•  Approval of awards made in the year under 

the Performance Share Plan; and

• Approval of terms for new senior management 
appointments falling within the remit of the 
Committee.

ADVISERS

The Committee has not paid fees to any advisers 
during the financial year.

STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDER VOTING AT THE 2015 ANNUAL MEETING

The following table shows the results of the advisory vote on the 2014 Annual Remuneration Report  
at the Annual Meeting on May 12, 2015. 

For (including discretionary) 

Against

Total votes cast*

*  Representing 63.4% of the total voting shares

Total number of votes

% of votes cast

9,452,804

3,027,938

12,480,742

 75.7%

 24.3%

100%

56

The following table shows the results of the vote on the proposal to amend the conditions relating to 
the Chairman's bonus at the Annual Meeting on May 12, 2015. 

For (including discretionary) 

Against

Total votes cast*

*  Representing 65.4% of the total voting shares

Total number of votes

% of votes cast

7,505,472

4,957,270

12,462,742

60.2%

39.8%

100%

SINGLE TOTAL FIGURE OF REMUNERATION (AUDITED)

The table below sets out a single figure for the total remuneration received by each Director for the 
year ended December 31, 2015 and the prior year. These amounts are shown in the reporting currency, 
although set in sterling. The exchange rates used in 2015 and 2014 were 1.53 and 1.65, respectively.

Base Salary

Benefits1

Pension

Annual Bonus2

Long-term 
incentives3

Total 
remuneration

Executive Directors

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

Marcus Leaver

536

577

Michael Connole*

122

–

Mick Mousley*

260

422

8

2

9

Robert Morley*5

258

349

21

*  For period for which he was a Director.

9

–

13

22

80

18

38

–

87

–

63

–

305

169

59

78

–

–

60

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

929

842

201

–

385

558

279

371

Fees4

Benefits

Pension

Annual Bonus

Long-term 
incentives3

Total 
remuneration

Non-executive 
Directors

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

2015 
$000

2014 
$000

Tim Chadwick

153

165

Peter Campbell

Mike Hartley

Edward Krawitt

Max Lesser

Peter Waine

Jess Burley

Christopher Mills

–

69

–

–

–

54

54

–

71

23

41

–

35

12

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

– 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

153

165

–

69

–

–

–

–

71

23

41

–

54 

35 

54

12

1  Benefits comprise private medical insurance contributions.  
2 

 Annual bonus for performance over the relevant financial year. Further details of performance criteria, achievement, 
and resulting awards can be found on page 58. 
 Further details of Long-term incentives can be found on page 59. The columns above are zero as no medium or long term 
incentive schemes ended during 2014 or 2015. 
 Further details of non-executive Director fees can be found on page 60. 
 Total payments to Robert Morley include payments in lieu of his previous contract notice period is £165,385 paid in equal 
amounts split across 2014 and 2015.

3 

4 
5 

There has been no withholding, clawback or deferral of remuneration during the period.

57

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS

The share interests of the Directors who held office at December 31, 2015 and of their connected persons 
in the share capital of the Company are shown below:

Shareholding

December 31, 20151 December 31, 20141 December 31, 20151 December 31, 20141

Number of share  
options of common stock

Number of US$0.10  
shares of common stock

T. Chadwick

R. J. Morley

M. E. Leaver

M. D. Connole

J. Burley

M.G. Hartley

C.H.B. Mills

–

–

750,398

60,000

–

–

–

–

–

666,666

–

–

–

–

–

1,402,852

14,000

10,000

3,300

10,000

–

1,402,852

14,000

–

3,300

10,000

100,000

4,100,0002

1  or date of appointment 
2 

 4,000,000 shares were held in the names of Oryx International Growth Fund and North Atlantic Smaller Companies 
Investment Trust plc of which Christopher is a Director, and 100,000 shares are held by him personally.

During the year the market price of the shares of common stock ranged between 147p and 239p. The mid-market price at 
December 31, 2015 was 221p.

M.E. Leaver was granted a further award of 83,732 shares under the performance share plan, details of 
which are set out on page 59. On March 17, 2016, he acquired 4,562 shares at 272.34p per share.

M.D. Connole was granted an award of 60,000 shares under the performance share plan, details of which 
are set out on page 59.

R.J. Morley sold 1,022,228 shares at 264.0p per share on March 24, 2016.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR BASE SALARIES/FEES

During the year, Marcus Leaver, the Chief Executive 
Officer, received £350,000 in salary. His salary 
has been increased by 3.25% to £361,375 for 2016. 
This was set in line with the typical increase across 
the good performing UK employee population. 
The next salary review date will be January 1, 2017.

Mick Mousley resigned as Director on 31 August 2015. 
He will continue to be an employee and be paid 
his salary of £255,000 per annum until May 25, 2016, 
together with contributions to his personal 
pension and private health insurance, whilst 
providing whatever assistance is required  
to his successor.

During the year, Michael Connole, the newly 
appointed Chief Financial Officer, was paid 
£80,000 in salary. His salary has been set at 
£240,000 in line with his contract on appointment. 

During the year, Bob Morley, the Deputy Chairman, 
received £86,000 in salary and a lump sum of 
£82,692, in relation to the second part payment 
of notice in lieu of the termination of his former 

contract. From January 1, 2016 his salary has 
been set at £50,000 to reflect his reduced 
responsibilities and time commitments. He is also 
entitled to a commission of 37.5% of gross profit 
generated on projects that he creates for the 
Children's Design Eye imprint, from 2014.

PENSION AND OTHER BENEFITS

The Group makes a contribution to the personal 
pension schemes of Marcus Leaver, Mick Morsley 
and Michael Connole equal to 15% of their base 
salary which may, at their discretion, be taken as 
cash in line with the policy. Benefits are in line 
with the policy.

ANNUAL PERFORMANCE BONUS 

2015 bonus framework

For the 2015 financial year, the maximum annual 
bonus opportunity was 60% of salary for Marcus 
Leaver and 20% for Mick Mousley. Michael 
Connole was appointed on 1 September 2015. 
His appointment letter provides for a maximum 
annual bonus entitlement of 50% of salary. 

58

The annual bonus opportunity was split between 
targeted growth in adjusted profit before tax and 
other financial and personal goals. Adjusted profit 
before tax represented 75% of total potential for 
Marcus Leaver, 50% for Mick Mousley and 85% for 
Michael Connole, with the balance being against 
personal objectives. 

The adjusted group profit before tax target was 
based on the 2014 actual result, adjusted upwards 
to reflect the Ivy and Small World acquisitions giving 
a Threshold of $12.4m and a Stretch of $14.0m. 

Adjusted profit before tax was $14.1m thus the 
Stretch target was exceeded and the Committee 
awarded maximum bonus to participants for 
this element.

Personal objectives for Marcus Leaver, Mick 
Mousley and Michael Connole were set by the 
Committee in discussion with the Chairman and 
CEO. The Committee reviewed and judged the 
level of achievement against the objectives at 
the end of the performance period.

Marcus Leaver’s personal objectives for 2015 were 
amended mid year to reflect changing Board 
priorities. His amended personal goal related to 
achievement of a net debt target, with a payment 
of zero for $61.9m and a full award for $58.9m. Year 
end net debt was $59.5m and he was awarded 80% 
of maximum for this element. Michael Connole's 
personal objectives mirrored the net debt target 
given to Marcus Leaver, and he was also awarded 
80% of the maximum for this element. 

Mick Mousley’s personal objectives related to 
negotiation of new debt facilities. Payout under 
this element of the bonus was assessed at 100%.

After taking account of their financial targets and 
personal goals bonus awards were:

Marcus Leaver

£199,500

Mick Mousley

£51,000

Michael Connole

£38,800

% of maximum

95%

100%

97%

2016 annual bonus framework

For the financial year commencing January 1, 2016, 
the Executive Bonus Plan will operate in line 
with the approved remuneration policy, save 
for the measure being adjusted profit before 
tax (derivation of which is shown in note 32 on 
page 102) rather than profit after tax, adjusted 
as appropriate for exceptional items. The adjusted 
profit before tax measure is based on the 2015 
actual result of $14.1m which will be adjusted as 
appropriate to reflect any acquisitions, disposals 
and any significant one-off exceptional items 
for Board initiatives outside management’s 
control, which do not qualify for inclusion in 
the Exceptional Item line in the Accounts. 

Maximum annual bonus potential in 2016 for 
Marcus Leaver and Michael Connole is 60% 
and 50% respectively of which 75% and 85% 
respectively are based on adjusted group profit 
before tax. 

For Marcus Leaver the remaining potential is 
split between certain deliverables in relation to 
acquisition planning and a sliding target based on 
net debt, adjusted for the effect of any Corporate 
activity, with zero being paid at $55.4m or below 
and maximum for $52.4m or above.

For Michael Connole the remaining potential is 
based on a split between certain deliverables in 
relation to the reorganisation of the finance team 
and the same net debt target as Marcus Leaver.

MEDIUM-TERM PERFORMANCE BONUS

2014-2016 medium-term bonus framework

This is the third and final year of the current 
medium term bonus scheme which is designed 
to motivate management to focus on continual 
profit improvement. The Committee recognises 
that profit development is not within an annual 
financial cycle. Rather, the publications (which 
are a substantial part of the Group’s businesses) 
are substantially created in the year before 
the sales are achieved. Thus within any one 
financial year, there is a limit to the influence of 
management on profits. These in-year influences 
are the marketing of the publications and cost 
control. Emphasis on a single year can motivate 
cost cutting of creative publishing resources 
to the detriment of the following year’s results. 
Thus the Committee has developed a mix of 

59

annual and medium term performance goals. 
To most align these goals with shareholders, 
the targets are based on improving profits from 
the prior year/s as the Committee believes that 
ultimate shareholder value is most driven by a 
continual improvement in profits from which 
cash is generated for dividend growth.

The profit targets are based on a base year 
of 2013. The targets have been changed by 
the Committee to reflect the preferred measure 
of adjusted profit before tax in line with the 
Annual Bonus Awards. Base is the achieved 
adjusted profits before tax for 2013 adjusted 
upwards to account for a one-off gain in 2014 
on interest charges from the effect of terminating 
an interest rate swap, in 2013. There has been no 
adjustment for major corporate actions, though 
the Committee may make such adjustments for 
items outside management’s control in the event 
of items determined to be material over the three-
year period. As at the date of this Report, there 
have been no further adjustments. The target is 
based on compound increases over three years 
over the Base of $12.6m giving Threshold for a 
9.3% increase at $13.6m and Stretch for a 33.1% 
increase at $16.6m. Payments are made at the end 
of the period based on the 2016 results.

Marcus Leaver has a maximum opportunity of 
120% of salary, with 10% of maximum potential 
for Threshold and 100% for Stretch.

LONG-TERM INCENTIVES

PSP Awards

Subsequent to the approval by shareholders of the 
PSP Plan an initial award was made to CEO, Marcus 
Leaver with a grant of 666,666 shares (3.3% of 
share capital) which would vest on June 30, 2016 
subject to a stretching performance condition of 
achieving an average share price of £2.50 over any 
consecutive 90 day period occurring before vesting 
date, adjusted for an agreed challenging minimum 
level of dividends and other cash distributions paid 
to shareholders from December 31, 2012. Following 
a change in Board strategy during 2015 to focus on 
building and developing the business in preference 
to cash distributions back to shareholders (save for 
a progressive dividend policy), the condition for a 
minimum level of cash returns to shareholders was 
removed by the Committee as being no longer 
appropriate. The target is now solely for achieving 

an average share price (including dividends)
of £2.50 over any consecutive 90 day period 
occurring before vesting date. Major shareholders 
have been consulted on this amendment.

On 24 September 2015, Marcus Leaver was granted 
83,732 PSP Awards and Michael Connole 60,000. 
The face value of these awards was £175,000 and 
£125,400 respectively based on a closing price the 
day before of 209p. They represent 50.0% and 
52.25% of salary respectively. 

Half of these awards have a performance condition 
relating to cumulative Adjusted Diluted EPS 
performance for the four financial years 2015 to 
2018 inclusive. The other half of these awards have a 
performance condition relating to total shareholder 
returns (“TSR”) from a combination of dividends, 
capital returns and share price growth (measured as 
an average over a 20 business day period leading up 
to grant and vesting as appropriate). The TSR period 
runs from September 24, 2015 to September 23, 2019. 

Targets for EPS are annual compounded growth 
of 5% for Threshold to 10% for Stretch. Targets for 
total shareholder returns over the period are annual 
compounded growth of 7% for Threshold and  
15% for Stretch.

The Committee believes the TSR directly measures 
shareholder returns and thereby aligns the goals 
of management and shareholders. However, 
TSR can be affected by a variety of investment 
factors, which are far removed from those which 
management can directly affect. The Committee 
believes that cumulative diluted EPS to be a good 
measure of managements’ long-term impact on 
the business and which over time translates into 
shareholder value. Thus a combination of TSR and 
EPS is believed to be suitable goals for the PSP 
Awards. Major shareholders have been consulted 
about adding the TSR condition.

Subject to shareholder consent at the 2016 AGM 
Marcus Leaver will be issued with a further 83,732 
PSP Awards on the same vesting and performance 
conditions as those issued in September 2015. If 
approved, these will be treated as though they were 
issued in September 2015. Shareholder consent is 
required, as this award equates to 100% of salary in 
2015, which exceeds approved Policy limits of 50%. 

During 2016, it is envisaged that PSP Awards will 
be made to executive directors, key management 
personnel and certain senior managers with 

60

direct profit responsibility for business units or for 
major sales and marketing. The quantum has yet 
to be decided but will be restricted by the dilution 
limits. Performance measures are anticipated to 
be half EPS and half TSR both measured over a 
four year period.

OTHER LONG TERM INCENTIVES 

On appointment to Chairman, Timothy Chadwick 
was awarded a potential bonus of £750,000 
if, during the three year period commencing 
December 18, 2012, shareholders are able to sell 
their shares at a price of £2.50 or more, in the 
context of a general offer to acquire all the shares 
of the Company by a third party or by way of sale 
of shares in the market provided that the shares 
are traded on the market at a bid price of £2.50 or 
more for a continuous period of at least 6 months 
and during that period the shares are trading with 
sufficient liquidity to enable up to 15% of the shares 
to be sold in the market on a regular monthly basis 
at a bid price of at least £2.50 per share without 
the bid price falling as a consequence.

Following shareholder consent with a Special 
Resolution at the 2015 AGM, this bonus was 
reduced to £500,000 whilst extending the period 
for the award to end on 30 June 2016. As of the 
date of this report, with less than 6 months to run 
to 30 June 2016, it is clear that this bonus will not 
be achieved.

CHAIRMAN AND NON-EXECUTIVE 
DIRECTOR FEES

With effect from the date of the Annual Meeting 
in 2014, the non-executive Directors received an 
annual base fee of £35,000, with an additional 
annual fee for Audit and Remuneration Committee 
Chairs of £3,500 and the Senior Independent 
Director of £3,000.

The non-executive Directors’ fees for 2016 will 
remain unchanged and are therefore as follows: 
Jessica Burley £35,000, Michael Hartley £45,000 
and Christopher Mills £35,000.

The Chairman's fee remains at a rate of £100,000 
p.a. through to his retirement at the 2016 AGM. 
The Committee has determined that a more 
appropriate salary for the non-executive Chairman 
is £70,000 which will be the salary of the next 
Chairman on appointment.

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SPEND ON PAY 

The graph below shows Quarto’s distributions to 
shareholders and total employee pay expenditure 
for the financial years ended December 31, 2014 and 
December 31, 2015.

30.7

29.3

$m

40

30

20

10

0

2014

2015

Total Employee Pay
(Excluding Ivy Press which 
was acquired during the year)

1   Total employee pay has been impacted by exchange rate movements.

2.6

2.9

Total Dividend

61

REVIEW OF GROUP PERFORMANCE

The chart below compares the value of £100 invested in Quarto shares, including re-invested dividends, 
on December 31, 2010 compared to the equivalent investment in the FTSE Small Cap Index, over the last 
five financial years. The FTSE Small Cap Index has been chosen as it comprises companies of a broadly 
similar size to Quarto. The table below shows the single figure for the CEO over the same period.

250

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

CEO single figure of remuneration  
including bonus ($000)

200
Annual bonus 
awarded

150

PSP vesting

$ amount ($000s)

% of maximum 
opportunity 

$ amount ($000s)

% of maximum 
opportunity

729

750

996

1,0201

870

842

929

–

–

–

–

392

572

1212

233

169

305

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

56.9% 33.5% 95.0%

–

–

–

–

–

–

1   The figure for 2012 is a combination of remuneration of Laurence Orbach, the previous CEO, and Marcus Leaver for the  

31 Dec
2011

31 Dec
2012

31 Dec
2013

31 Dec
2014

100
respective periods.

2  Discretionary

31 Dec 
2009

31 Dec
2010

PERFORMANCE GRAPH

Quarto

Small cap

250

200

150

100

50

0

31 Dec
2010

31 Dec
2011

31 Dec
2012

31 Dec
2013

31 Dec
2014

31 Dec
2015

Quarto

Small cap

62

CHANGE IN CEO REMUNERATION AND FOR EMPLOYEES AS A WHOLE

The table below shows the change in CEO annual cash remuneration, defined as salary, taxable benefits 
and annual bonus, compared to the average employees for 2014 to 2015. 

$ 000

Salary1

Taxable benefits1

Annual variable

Total

                CEO

Average for  
other employees2

2014

% change

% change

577

9

169

755

-7.1%

–

80.5%

12.5%

-7.4%

-5.4%

28.5%

-6.7%

2015

536

8

305

849

1 There was no change to the CEO's salary and benefits. The change is due to exchange rate movements. 

2 The salary of the other employees has been impacted by exchange rate movements

PAYMENTS TO PAST DIRECTORS AND PAYMENTS FOR LOSS OF OFFICE 

There have been payments of $2,000, during 2015, to settle certain fees and costs relating to the 
Quarto Publishing PLC Pension Plan (a defined contribution scheme). Laurence Orbach and Bob Morley 
are the only remaining participants. There will be no further payments of any kind into this scheme. 
Laurence Orbach pro-rated benefit of such costs is $1,000. Bob Morley’s pro-rate benefit is shown 
under other income within the Director’s remuneration table on page 56. 

DILUTION LIMITS

The Group has at all times complied with the dilution limits set out in the rules of its share plans 
(principally a limit of 10% in 10 years). In the 10 year period to December 31, 2015, awards made  
under the Group’s share schemes represented 4.0% (2014: 3.3%) of the Group’s issued share capital.

DIRECTORS’ SHAREHOLDING GUIDELINES AND SHARE SCHEME INTERESTS

To date there has been no requirement for Executive Directors to retain shares as there has been no 
vesting of share based incentives.

Mike Hartley 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 
March 30, 2016

NOMINATIONS COMMITTEE REPORT

63

The members of the Nominations Committee are 
the Group’s non-executive Directors, Tim Chadwick 
(Committee Chairman), Michael Hartley, Jess Burley 
and Christopher Mills, and the Chief Executive 
Officer, Marcus Leaver. A copy of the Committee’s 
formal terms of reference can be found on the 
Company’s website. (www.quarto.com)

The search for Board candidates is conducted 
and appointments made, on merit, against 
objective criteria and with due regard to the 
benefits of diversity on the Board, including 
gender. External search consultants are engaged, 
as appropriate, and a formal and transparent 
process is followed. When dealing with the 
appointment of a successor to the Chairman, the 
senior independent non-executive Director will 
chair the Committee instead of the Chairman. 
All Directors are required to allocate sufficient 
time to discharge their responsibilities and 
new Directors receive a tailored induction on 
joining the Board. This includes presentations 
on the business, current strategy, shareholder 
expectations, and familiarisation with the Group's 

operations worldwide. Guidance is also given 
on the duties, responsibilities and liabilities of 
a Director of a listed company and key Board 
policies and procedures.

The Committee met three times during the year 
and was active in the appointment of Quarto’s 
new Chief Financial Officer, Michael Connole, 
who joined the Board on 1 September 2015. Other 
activities included a review of the balance of skills 
and experience on the Board to consider if any 
changes were necessary, a review of the output 
from the annual Board evaluation process, and a 
review of the Company’s management structure 
and succession plans.  

Tim Chadwick,  
Chairman of the Nominations Committee 
March 30, 2016

 
 
 
64 STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES IN RESPECT 

OF THE DIRECTORS’ REPORT AND THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Directors are responsible for preparing the 
Directors’ Report, the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report and the financial statements in accordance 
with applicable law and regulations. The Company 
is incorporated in the State of Delaware, United 
States and is subject to the law of that state which 
places no requirement for annual reporting to 
shareholders upon the Directors. However, since 
the Company has a listing on the London Stock 
Exchange and a place of business in the UK, 
the Directors are required to prepare financial 
statements which comply with certain provisions 
which are contained within the Listing Rules of the 
UK Financial Conduct Authority (the Listing Rules) 
and UK company law for overseas companies.

The Company is an ‘overseas’ company within 
the meaning of the Companies Act 2006. The 
Directors have elected to prepare the Group 
financial statements in accordance with IFRSs 
as adopted by the EU, and the parent Company 
financial statements in accordance with applicable 
law and UK GAAP, including FRS102 "The Financial 
Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and 
Republic of Ireland".

The Directors have accepted responsibility for 
preparing Group financial statements as required 
by IFRSs as adopted by the EU which present 
fairly the financial position and the performance 
of the group. The Companies Act 2006 provides 
in relation to such financial statements that 
references in the relevant part of that Act to 
financial statements giving a true and fair view are 
references to their achieving a fair presentation.

The Directors have accepted responsibility for 
preparing parent Company financial statements 
which give a true and fair view of the state of 
affairs and profit or loss of the parent company.

In preparing the parent Company financial 
statements, the Directors are required to:

• select suitable accounting policies and then 

apply them consistently;

•  make judgements and accounting estimates 

that are reasonable and prudent;

•  state whether Financial Reporting Standard 102 
'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable 
in the UK and Republic of Ireland' has been 
followed, subject to any material departures 
disclosed and explained in the financial 
statements; and

• prepare the financial statements on the going 

concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume 
that the company will continue in business.

In preparing the Group financial statements, 
International Accounting Standard 1 requires that 
Directors:

• properly select and apply accounting policies;

• present information, including accounting 

policies, in a manner that provides relevant, 
reliable, comparable and understandable 
information;

• provide additional disclosures when compliance 

with the specific requirements in IFRSs are 
insufficient to enable users to understand the 
impact of particular transactions, other events 
and conditions on the entity's financial position 
and financial performance; and

• make an assessment of the company's ability to 

continue as a going concern.

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate 
accounting records that are sufficient to show 
and explain the Company’s transactions and 
disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the 
financial position of the Company and enable them 
to ensure that the financial statements and the 
Remuneration report comply with the Companies 
Act 2006 and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. They 
are also responsible for safeguarding the assets 
of the Company and hence for taking reasonable 
steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and 
other irregularities.

65

The Directors confirm that:

We confirm to the best of our knowledge:

• so far as each director is aware, there is 

no relevant audit information of which the 
Company’s auditor is unaware; and

•  the Directors have taken all the steps that they 
ought to have taken as Directors in order to 
make themselves aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that the auditor is 
aware of that information.

The Directors are responsible for preparing the 
annual report in accordance with applicable law 
and regulations. Having taken advice from the 
Audit Committee, the Directors consider the 
annual report and the financial statements, taken 
as a whole, provides the information necessary 
to assess the Company’s performance, business 
model and strategy and is fair, balanced and 
understandable.

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance 
and integrity of the corporate and financial 
information included on the Company’s website. 
Legislation in the United Kingdom governing 
the preparation and dissemination of financial 
statements may differ from legislation in other 
jurisdictions.

• the Group financial statements, prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the 
European Union, give a true and fair view of 
the assets, liabilities, financial position and 
profit or loss of the Group and the undertakings 
included in the consolidation taken as a whole;

•  the Strategic Report includes a fair review 

of the development and performance of the 
business and the position of the Company and 
the undertakings included in the consolidation 
taken as a whole, together with a description of 
the principal risks and uncertainties that they 
face; and 

•  the annual report and financial statements, 
taken as a whole, are fair, balanced and 
understandable, and provide the information 
necessary for shareholders to assess the 
Company's position, performance, business 
model and strategy.

Clive Potterell,  
Secretary 
March 30, 2016

66

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT

OPINION ON FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF  
THE QUARTO GROUP INC. 

In our opinion:

• The financial statements give a true and fair view 
of the state of the Group’s and of the parent 
Company’s affairs as at 31 December 2015 and of 
the Group profit for the year then ended;

• The Group financial statements have been 

properly prepared in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union;

• The parent Company financial statements 

have been properly prepared in accordance 
with United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice, including FRS 102 “The 
Financial Reporting Standard applicable in 
the UK and Republic of Ireland”; and 

• The financial statements have been prepared 

in accordance with the provisions of the 
Companies Act 2006 which would have 
applied were the company incorporated in 
the United Kingdom.

The financial statements comprise the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income, the consolidated balance sheet, the 
consolidated statement of changes in equity 
and the consolidated cash flow statement, and 
the related Notes 1 to 36, the parent company 
balance sheet, the parent company statement 
of changes in equity and the related notes 
to the parent company balance sheet 1 to 8. 
The financial reporting framework that has 
been applied in the preparation of the Group 
financial statements is applicable law and IFRSs 
as adopted by the European Union. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in 
the preparation of the parent company financial 
statements is applicable law and United Kingdom 
Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice) including FRS 102 
“The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in 
the UK and Republic of Ireland”. 

GOING CONCERN AND THE DIRECTORS’ 
ASSESSMENT OF THE PRINCIPAL RISKS THAT 
WOULD THREATEN THE SOLVENCY  
OR LIQUIDITY OF THE GROUP 

As required by the Listing Rules we have 
reviewed the Directors’ statement regarding the 
appropriateness of the going concern basis of 
accounting contained within note 1 to the financial 
statements and the Directors’ statement on the 
longer-term viability of the Group contained within 
the Financial Review on page 34. 

We have nothing material to add or draw attention 
to in relation to:

• The Directors' confirmation on page 41 that they 

have carried out a robust assessment of the 
principal risks facing the Group, including those 
that would threaten its business model, future 
performance, solvency or liquidity;

• The disclosures on page 33 that describe those 
risks and explain how they are being managed 
or mitigated; 

• The Directors’ statement in note 1 to the financial 
statements about whether they considered it 
appropriate to adopt the going concern basis 
of accounting in preparing them and their 
identification of any material uncertainties to 
the group’s ability to continue to do so over a 
period of at least twelve months from the date 
of approval of the financial statements;

• The Directors’ explanation on page 34 as to how 
they have assessed the prospects of the Group, 
over what period they have done so and why 
they consider that period to be appropriate, 
and their statement as to whether they have 
a reasonable expectation that the Group will 
be able to continue in operation and meet its 
liabilities as they fall due over the period of their 
assessment, including any related disclosures 
drawing attention to any necessary qualifications 
or assumptions.

We agreed with the Directors’ adoption of the 
going concern basis of accounting and we did 
not identify any such material uncertainties. 
However, because not all future events or 
conditions can be predicted, this statement 
is not a guarantee as to the Group’s ability to 
continue as a going concern.

67

INDEPENDENCE 

We are required to comply with the Financial Reporting Council’s Ethical Standards for Auditors and we 
confirm that we are independent of the group and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in 
accordance with those standards. We also confirm we have not provided any of the prohibited non-audit 
services referred to in those standards.

OUR ASSESSMENT OF RISKS OF MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT 

The assessed risks of material misstatement described below are those that had the greatest effect on our 
audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit and directing the efforts of the engagement team:

Risk

How the scope of our audit responded to the risk

Risk that the carrying value of goodwill 
($40.1m) in the consolidated balance 
sheet exceeds the recoverable amount

We tested management’s assumptions used in their 
impairment model for goodwill, specifically including the 
cash flow projections, discount rates and growth rates applied.

The Group hold significant goodwill 
balances ($40.1m) arising from 
acquisitions of which the largest balance 
is the US CGU ($26.9m) as shown in 
Note 10 to the financial statements. 
The assessment of the carrying value 
of goodwill to ensure that the carrying 
value does not exceed the recoverable 
amount involves judgement in relation 
to identification of the appropriate cash 
generating units and forecasting future 
cash flows. It is sensitive to the growth 
rates and the discount rates applied 
to the future cash flows to estimate 
recoverable amount.

Risk that the carrying value of  
pre-publication costs ($59.4m) in  
the consolidated balance sheet  
exceeds the recoverable amount

The Group capitalises third party costs 
incurred and directly attributable costs 
in developing book titles prior to their 
publication. These costs are then amortised 
over a three year period which is the 
estimated economic life of a title. The 
assessment of the carrying value of these 
pre-publication costs to ensure that 
the carrying value does not exceed the 
recoverable amount, as described in Note 14, 
involves judgement in respect of the life of 
an imprint and its recoverability. 

Our procedures included:

• Considering the identification of appropriate cash  

generating units;

• Assessing cash flow forecast projections and forecast 

growth rates with reference to historical trading 
performance and cash flow forecasting accuracy and 
external expectations of long term growth rates;

• Comparing the discount rate applied against a broad 
comparator group as well as involving our internal 
valuation specialists to review underlying calculations and 
assess the key components of the discount rate calculation;

• Considering the reasonableness of, and recalculating,  
the sensitivity assessment applied by management;

• Performing further independent sensitivity analysis on 

the impairment model; and 

• Assessing the overall market capitalisation of the Group 

compared to the carrying value.

The audit procedures we performed in respect of this  
risk included:

• Analysing, on a sample basis, the historical level of sales 

following the date of publication;

•  Evaluating a sample of sales, and their associated profit, 

in the current year against their respective  
pre-publication carrying value;

•  Comparing the amortisation period applied to industry  

peers; and

•  Analysing the overall sales profiles to evaluate the 

consistency of the amortisation period to the historical data.

68

Risk

How the scope of our audit responded to the risk

Revenue recognition risk that the sales 
returns provision is inaccurate

To test the risk of material misstatement in respect of 
revenue recognition, our procedures included:

The Group primarily generates revenue 
from publishing new titles and sales 
of back catalogues (see revenue 
recognition policy in note 1 to the financial 
statements). In certain business units 
customers have rights of return for a 
limited period and revenue is recorded 
net of a provision for these returns 
based on historical data. Management 
judgement is required when assessing the 
level of sales returns subsequent to the 
year-end to be provided for at the year-
end. Key assumptions principally surround 
historical return experience when 
estimating future sale return levels against 
revenue recognised in the year.

•  Testing a sample of underlying returns data used to 

develop the sales return estimate for completeness and 
accuracy and challenging the appropriateness of the rate 
by reference to current and post year end sales return 
levels;

• Evaluating new title and / or seasonal sales and the 
potential impact on future sales returns estimates; 

• Using analytical techniques to assess monthly returns  

by reference to historical trends; and 

• Considering forecasting accuracy by comparing actual 

returns against accrual estimates.

The description of the above risks should be read in conjunction with the significant issues considered by 
the Audit Committee discussed on page 43. In 2014 we identified the assessment of going concern as a key 
audit risk. In 2015 the Group completed a re-financing and has committed facilities in place to April 2019, 
accordingly we do not identify this as a significant risk in the current year.

These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in 
forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY

We define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement in the financial statements that makes it probable 
that the economic decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable person would be changed or influenced. 
We use materiality both in planning the scope of our audit work and in evaluating the results of our work.

We determined materiality for the group to be $697,000 (2014: $585,000), which is 5% (2014: 5%) of 
adjusted profit before tax plus amortisation, and 1% (2014: 1%) of equity. The adjusted profit before tax 
measure excludes those items identified as exceptional in the annual report (Note 4) and is consistent with 
the measures used by the Group for internal and external reporting requirements. This measure has been 
used to facilitate a better understanding of the trading performance of the Group as the Group policy for 
exceptional items is to include only non-trading items. The basis of determining materiality is consistent with 
our approach adopted in 2014.

We agreed with the Audit Committee we would report to the Committee all audit differences in excess of 
$13,900 (2014 $11,700) as well as differences below that threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on 
qualitative grounds. We also report to the Audit Committee on disclosure matters that we identified when 
assessing the overall presentation of the financial statements.

69

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF OUR AUDIT

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an 
understanding of the Group and its environment, 
including group-wide controls, and assessing 
the risks of material misstatement at the Group 
level. Based on that assessment, we focused our 
Group audit scope primarily on the UK and US 
co-editions and publishing segments, operations 
in Australia, New Zealand and Hong Kong, and 
the Group corporate head office function. These 
locations were subject to full audit procedures and 
represent the principal business units and account 
for 98% of the Group’s net assets (2014: 92%), 
99% of the Group’s revenue (2014: 97%) and 97% 
of the Group’ s profit before tax (2014: 82%). They 
were also selected to provide an appropriate basis 
for undertaking audit work to address the risks of 
material misstatement identified above. Our audit 
work at locations subject to full audit procedures 
was executed at levels of materiality applicable to 
each individual location which was lower than the 
Group materiality.

We carried out analytical procedures for 
operations in Switzerland and for the US holding 
company on an entity-only basis, neither of which 
were subject to audit, to confirm our planning 
assessment that there were no significant risks of 
material misstatement of the financial information 
of these entities. 

At the parent entity level we also tested the 
consolidation process.

The Group audit team is following a programme 
of planned visits designed so that the Senior 
Statutory Auditor and/or a senior member of 
the Group audit team visit each of the locations 
where the group audit scope is focused. For 2015 
the Senior Statutory Auditor again visited the 
United States, being the single most significant 
component outside of the United Kingdom and 
representing 40% of the Group’s revenue. In years 
when we do not visit a significant component 
we include the component audit team, including 
the component audit partner, in our team 
briefing, discuss the risk assessment, and review 
documentation of the findings from their work.

OPINION ON OTHER MATTERS PRESCRIBED BY 
OUR ENGAGEMENT LETTER

In our opinion: 

• the part of Directors’ Remuneration Report 
to be audited has been properly prepared in 
accordance with the Companies Act 2006,  
were the requirements of the Act to apply to 
The Quarto Group Inc.; and 

• the information given in the Strategic Report 

and the Directors’ Report for the financial year 
for which the financial statements are prepared 
is consistent with the financial statements.

MATTERS ON WHICH WE ARE REQUIRED  
TO REPORT BY EXCEPTION 

Adequacy of explanations received and 
accounting records 

Under our engagement letter, we are required 
to report to you if, in our opinion:

• We have not received all the information and 

explanations we require for our audit; or

• Adequate accounting records have not been 

kept by the parent company, or returns 
adequate for our audit have not been received 
from branches not visited by us; or

•  The parent company financial statements are 
not in agreement with the accounting records 
and returns.

We have nothing to report in respect of 
these matters.

Directors’ remuneration 

Under our engagement letter we are also required 
to report if in our opinion certain disclosures of 
directors’ remuneration have not been made or 
the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report 
to be audited is not in agreement with the 
accounting records and returns. We have nothing 
to report arising from these matters.

Corporate Governance Statement 

Under the Listing Rules we are also required 
to review part of the Corporate Governance 
Statement relating to the Company’s compliance 
with certain provisions of the UK Corporate 
Governance Code. We have nothing to report 
arising from our review.

70

Our duty to read other information in the 
Annual Report 

Under International Standards on Auditing (UK and 
Ireland), we are required to report to you if, in our 
opinion, information in the annual report is:

• Materially inconsistent with the information in 

the audited financial statements; or

•  Apparently materially incorrect based on, or 

materially inconsistent with, our knowledge of 
the group acquired in the course of performing 
our audit; or

•  Otherwise misleading.

In particular, we are required to consider whether 
we have identified any inconsistencies between 
our knowledge acquired during the audit and the 
Directors’ statement that they consider the annual 
report is fair, balanced and understandable and 
whether the annual report appropriately discloses 
those matters that we communicated to the Audit 
Committee which we consider should have been 
disclosed. We confirm that we have not identified 
any such inconsistencies or misleading statements.

RESPECTIVE RESPONSIBILITIES OF 
DIRECTORS AND AUDITOR 

As explained more fully in the Directors’ 
Responsibilities Statement, the Directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial 
statements and for being satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view. Our responsibility is to audit and 
express an opinion on the financial statements in 
accordance with applicable law and International 
Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). We also 
comply with International Standard on Quality 
Control 1 (UK and Ireland). Our audit methodology 
and tools aim to ensure that our quality control 
procedures are effective, understood and applied. 
Our quality controls and systems include our 
dedicated professional standards review team 
and independent partner reviews.

This report is made solely to the company’s 
members, as a body, in accordance with our 
engagement letter. Our audit work has been 
undertaken so that we might state to the 
company’s members those matters we are 
required to state to them in an auditor’s report 
and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the company 
and the company’s members as a body, for our 
audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed. 

SCOPE OF THE AUDIT OF THE 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

An audit involves obtaining evidence about 
the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements sufficient to give reasonable 
assurance that the financial statements are 
free from material misstatement, whether 
caused by fraud or error. This includes an 
assessment of: whether the accounting policies 
are appropriate to the Group’s and the parent 
Company’s circumstances and have been 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; 
the reasonableness of significant accounting 
estimates made by the Directors; and the overall 
presentation of the financial statements. 
In addition, we read all the financial and non-
financial information in the annual report 
to identify material inconsistencies with the 
audited financial statements and to identify 
any information that is apparently materially 
incorrect based on, or materially inconsistent 
with, the knowledge acquired by us in the 
course of performing the audit. If we become 
aware of any apparent material misstatements 
or inconsistencies we consider the implications 
for our report.

Deloitte LLP 
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor 
London
March 30, 2016

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE 
INCOME FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015

71

Continuing operations 
Revenue 
Cost of sales

Gross profit 
Other operating income
Distribution costs
Administrative expenses

Operating profit before amortisation  
of acquired intangibles and exceptional items

Amortisation of acquired intangibles
Exceptional items

Operating profit
Finance income
Finance costs

Profit before tax
Tax

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income which may  
be reclassified to profit or loss
Foreign exchange translation differences
Cash flow hedge: losses arising during the year
Cash flow hedge: reclassification adjustment for net income 
recognised directly in equity
Tax relating to items that may be reclassified to profit or loss

Total comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year attributable to:
Owners of the parent
Non-controlling interests

Total comprehensive income for the year attributable to:
Owners of the parent
Non-controlling interests

Earnings per share
Basic
Diluted

*  Restated as set out in Note 1 and 35.

Notes

2015 
$000

2014 
$000 
Restated* 

2

4

4
6
7

8

9
9

182,165
(122,803)

59,362
–
(7,196)
(34,960)

17,206

(724)
(445)

16,037
142
(3,240)

12,939
(3,685)

171,339
(116,326)

55,013
22
(6,747)
(32,369)

15,919

(503)
566

15,982
151
(4,128)

12,005
(2,922)

9,254

9,083

(2,467)
(64)

68

(14)
(2,477)

(1,936)
(46)

463

(100)
(1,619)

6,777

7,464

8,866
388
9,254

6,403
374
6,777

45.0c
44.9c

8,773
310
9,083

7,160
304
7,464

44.5c
44.5c

 
 
 
 
72 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AT DECEMBER 31, 2015

Notes

2015
$000

2014
$000 
Restated* 

2013
$000 
Restated* 

Non-current assets
Goodwill 
Other intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets: Pre-publication costs
Deferred tax assets 
Total non-current assets

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Derivative financial instruments
Cash and cash equivalents
Total current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities
Short term borrowings
Derivative financial instruments
Trade and other payables
Tax payable
Total current liabilities

Non-current liabilities
Medium and long term borrowings
Deferred tax liabilities
Other payables
Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity
Share capital
Paid in surplus
Retained profit and other reserves

10
11
12
14
20

15
16
19
17

22
19
23

18
20

24

25

40,112
1,510
3,368
59,443
–
104,433

26,147
57,145
18
25,059
108,369

41,069
956
2,731
57,534
126
102,416

24,851
51,740
–
23,110
99,701

41,367
991
3,752
56,221
33
102,364

19,679
54,349
–
23,879
97,907

212,802

202,117

200,271

(5,000)
(10)
(63,076)
(2,549)
(70,635)

(79,562)
(7,466)
(99)
(87,127)

(89,150)
(67)
(53,271)
(2,430)
(144,918)

–
(5,927)
(537)
(6,464)

(16,603)
(427)
(52,784)
(671)
(70,485)

(78,291)
(5,485)
–
(83,776)

(157,762)

(151,382)

(154,261)

55,040

50,735

46,010

2,045
33,764
14,072

2,045
33,764
9,985

2,045
33,764
5,392

41,201

4,809

Equity attributable to owners of the parent

49,881

45,794

Non-controlling interests

5,159

4,941

Total equity

55,040

50,735

46,010

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for 
issue on March 30, 2016. They were signed on its behalf by: M. D. Connole, Director

*  Restated as set out in Note 1 and Note 35.

 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES 
IN EQUITY FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015

73

Share 
capital 
(Note 24)
$000 

Paid in 
surplus
$000 

Hedging 
reserve 
(Note 25)
$000 

Translation 
reserve  
(Note 25)
$000 

Treasury 
stock  
(Note 25)
$000 

Retained 
earnings
$000 

Equity 
attributable 
to owners of 
the parent
$000 

Non 
controlling 
interests
$000 

Total
$000

Balance at January 1, 2014, 
as previously stated

2,045

33,764

(317)

(3,681)

(634)

10,861

42,038

4,809 46,847

Prior year adjustment

–

–

–

–

–

(837)

Balance at January 1, 2014*

2,045

33,764

(317)

(3,681)

(634)

10,024

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income

Foreign exchange translation 
differences

Cash flow hedge: losses arising 
during the year

Cash flow hedge 
Reclassification adjustment for 
net income recognised directly 
in equity

Tax relating to items that may 
be reclassified to profit or loss

Total comprehensive income 
for the year

Transactions with owners

Dividends to shareholders 
(Note 25)

Dividends paid to  
non-controlling interests

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Balance at December 31, 2014 2,045

33,764

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income

Foreign exchange translation 
differences

Cash flow hedge: losses arising 
during the year

Cash flow hedge 
reclassification adjustment for 
net income recognised directly 
in equity

Tax relating to items that may 
be reclassified to profit or loss

Total comprehensive income 
for the year

Transactions with owners

Dividends to shareholders 
(Note 25)

Dividends paid to  
non-controlling interests

Shared based payments

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

(46)

463

(100)

–

(1,930)

–

–

–

317

(1,930)

–

–

–

–

–

(64)

68

(14)

–

–

–

(2,453)

–

–

–

(10)

(2,453)

–

–

–

–

–

–

8,773

–

–

–

–

8,866

–

–

–

–

(837)

41,201

8,773

–

(837)

4,809 46,010

310

9,083

(1,930)

(6)

(1,936)

(46)

463

–

–

(46)

463

(100)

–

(100)

8,773

7,160

304

7,464

(2,567)

(2,567)

–

(2,567)

–

–

(172)

(172)

45,794

8,866

4,941

50,735

388

9,254

(2,453)

(14)

(2,467)

(64)

68

(14)

–

–

–

(64)

68

(14)

8,866

6,403

374

6,777

(2,502)

(2,502)

–

(2,502)

–

186

–

(156)

(156)

186

–

186

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

(5,611)

(634)

16,230

Balance at December 31, 2015 2,045

33,764

(10)

(8,064)

(634)

22,780

49,881

5,159 55,040

*  Restated as set out in Note 1 and Note 35.

74 CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015

Profit for the year
Adjustments for:
Net finance costs 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
Tax charge
Share based payments charges
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets 
Amortisation of and amount written off pre-publication costs 
Movement in fair value of derivatives 
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Operating cash flows before movements in working capital

Increase in inventories
(Increase)/decrease in receivables
Increase in payables

Cash generated by operations

Income taxes paid

Net cash from operating activities

Investing activities
Interest received
Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Investment in pre-publication costs
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Acquisition of subsidiaries

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing activities
Dividends paid
Interest payments
External debt repaid 
Dividends paid to non-controlling interest

Net cash used in financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Foreign currency exchange differences on cash and cash equivalents

Notes

6, 7
12
8

14

2015
$000

9,254

3,098
1,189
3,685
186
724
33,258
(85)
–
51,309

(1,929)
(6,156)
8,724

2014
$000 
Restated* 
9,083

3,977
1,106
2,922
–
503
30,933
(43)
(642)
47,839

(5,640)
1,310
2,551

51,948

46,060

(1,981)

(759)

49,967

45,301

142
–
(34,872)
(2,010)
(1,614)

151
1,848
(33,525)
(1,341)
(2,008)

(38,354)

(34,875)

(2,502)
(2,891)
(3,283)
(156)

(2,567)
(3,461)
(4,275)
(172)

(8,832)

(10,475)

2,781

23,110
(832)

(49)

23,879
(720)

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year  

17

25,059

23,110

*  Restated as set out in Note 1 and Note 35.

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

75

1

GENERAL INFORMATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Quarto Group, Inc. is a company incorporated 
in the State of Delaware, United States. The 
address of the registered office is given on page 
120. The nature of the Group’s operations and its 
principal activities are set out in Note 3 and in the 
Chief Executive Officer's Statement on page 8.

The accounting policies adopted, are consistent 
with those of the annual financial statements for 
the year ended December 31, 2014, as described 
in those financial statements, except as described 
below and in Note 35.

Each entity in the Group determines its own 
functional currency and items included in the 
financial statements of each entity are measured 
using that functional currency. The presentational 
currency of the Group is US dollars.

RESTATEMENT OF PRIOR YEAR RESULTS

The results have been restated for the 
following items:

a)   Classification of the amortisation of 

debt issuance cost.

 The amortisation of debt issuance costs  
was previously included within administrative 
expenses. The policy on these costs has  
been changed to better reflect the underlying 
nature as a financing cost. There is no 
net impact to the income statement. The 
reclassified amount for the year ended 
December 31, 2014 was $720,000.

b)   Insurance arrangements and related 

revenue recognition. 

 A review of certain insurance arrangements 
across the Group identified that in limited 
circumstances the Group remains the principal 
insurer of product shipments in transit. In 
these circumstances it was determined that 
it was inappropriate to recognise the related 
revenue until the shipment was receipted by 
the customer. This correction is limited to the 
Books & Gifts Direct business only. The impact 
on the results of the business for the year 
ended December 31, 2014 was a reduction in 
profit after tax of $128,000.

c)   Allocation of overheads to inventories.

 A review of the inventory costing model across 
the Group identified some inconsistency in 
the allocation of overheads to inventories. 
The inconsistency was limited to the Books 
& Gifts Direct business only and has been 
corrected. The impact of the results of the 
business for the year ended December 31, 2014 
was an increase in profit after tax of $8,000.

The impact on the Consolidated Income Statement 
of Comprehensive Income for the year ended 
December 31, 2014 and on the Consolidated 
Balance Sheet as at December 31, 2014 and 
December 31, 2013 is set out in Note 35.

STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE

The Group financial statements consolidate those of 
the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred 
to as the ‘Group’). The parent company financial 
statements present information about the Company 
as a separate entity and not about its Group.

The Group financial statements have been prepared 
and approved by the Directors in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards 
as adopted by the EU (‘IFRS’). The Company has 
elected to prepare its parent company financial 
statements in accordance with UK GAAP, 
including The Financial Reporting Standard 
applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland 
('FRS 102'); these are presented on pages 112 to 118.

The Company adopted FRS 102 from January 1, 
2015 in respect of the parent company financial 
statements. No adjustments were required and no 
restatements of prior year figures were necessary.

BASIS OF ACCOUNTING

The financial statements are prepared on the 
historical cost basis, except that derivative 
financial instruments are stated at fair value.

The preparation of financial statements in 
conformity with IFRS requires management to 
make judgements, estimates and assumptions 
that affect the application of policies and 
reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income 

 
 
 
76

and expenses. The estimates and associated 
assumptions are based on historical experience 
and various other factors that are believed to be 
reasonable under the circumstances.

Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are 
reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to 
accounting estimates are recognised in the period 
in which the estimate is revised if the revision 
affects only that period or in the period of the 
revision and future periods if the revision affects 
both current and future periods. Judgements 
made by Management in the application of IFRS 
that have a significant effect on the financial 
statements and accounting estimates are 
discussed in:

Note 10: Key assumptions in making the 
assessment of carrying value of goodwill

Note 14: Presentation of pre-publication costs 
and the assessment of their useful life

Note 16: Assessment of the impairment of trade 
receivables and the estimated allowance for sales 
returns

Note 20: Calculation of temporary differences 
in the assessment of deferred tax liabilities

There are no judgements, apart from those 
involving estimations, that management has 
made in applying the Group’s accounting policies. 
The accounting policies set out below have been 
applied to all periods presented.

GOING CONCERN BASIS

After making enquiries, the Directors have 
formed a judgement, at the time of approving 
the financial statements, that there is a reasonable 
expectation that the Group has adequate 
resources to continue in operational existence 
for the foreseeable future. For this reason the 
Directors continue to adopt the going concern 
basis in preparing the financial statements. 
See also the group concern and viability 
statement on Page 34.

The Group’s business activities, together with the 
factors likely to affect its future development, 
performance and position are set out in the Chief 
Executive Officer’s Statement on pages 8 to 17. 
The financial position of the Group, its cash flows, 

liquidity position and borrowing facilities are 
described in the Financial Review on pages 29 
to 34 and in Note 18 to the financial statements.

The Group has considerable financial resources 
together with a number of customers and suppliers 
across different geographies. As a consequence, 
the Directors believe that the Group is well placed 
to manage its business risks successfully despite 
the current economic outlook.

The Group has significant banking facilities 
including committed facilities comprising a 
US$95m multi-currency revolving credit and 
term loan facility. These facilities were agreed 
with the Group’s bankers on February 6, 2015 
and expire on April 30, 2019. The Group has 
prepared a three-year financial plan comprising 
a budget for the year ending December 31, 2016 
together with projections for the two years ending 
December 31, 2018. These show that the Group 
is forecasting to have sufficient headroom within 
that period. The Group complied with its bank 
covenants in 2015 and the three-year financial 
plans show sufficient headroom on the covenants 
throughout the period covered. The covenants will 
be monitored closely by the Board and appropriate 
action will be taken if it is considered that one or 
more of the covenants were likely to be breached.

BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION

The Group financial statements include the 
results of the Company and all of its subsidiary 
undertakings. A subsidiary is an entity controlled, 
directly or indirectly, by the Group. Control is 
the power to govern the financial and operating 
policies of the entity so as to obtain benefits 
from its activities. The financial statements of 
subsidiaries are included in the consolidated 
financial statements from the date that control 
commences until the date that control ceases.

Intragroup balances and any unrealised gains and 
losses or income and expenses arising from intra-
group transactions are eliminated in preparing the 
consolidated financial statements.

The interest of non-controlling interests on an 
acquisition is initially measured at the minority’s 
proportion of the net fair value of the assets, 
liabilities and contingent liabilities recognised.

77

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS, INTANGIBLE 
ASSETS AND GOODWILL

All business combinations are accounted for 
by applying the acquisition method. Goodwill 
represents the excess of the consideration 
transferred over the fair value of the net assets 
and any contingent liabilities acquired. Acquisition 
costs are expensed as incurred.

Goodwill arising on acquisitions is stated at cost 
less any accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill 
is allocated to cash-generating units and is tested 
annually for impairment. 

Other intangible assets, such as backlists, that 
are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less 
accumulated amortisation and impairment losses.

Amortisation of intangible assets is charged 
to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over 
the estimated useful lives of intangible assets. 
The amortisation period for non-contractual 
relationships is 2.5 years and for backlists is 
between 4 and 10 years.

VOLUME REBATES

In the ordinary course of business, the Group 
receives volume rebates from its printers. This 
is accounted for in accordance with contractual 
terms and is credited in full to cost of sales.

IMPAIRMENT OF PROPERTY, PLANT AND 
EQUIPMENT AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS 
INCLUDING GOODWILL

The carrying amount of the Group’s assets is 
reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine 
whether there is any indication of impairment. 
If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable 
amount is estimated. The recoverable amount 
is the higher of fair value, reflecting market 
conditions less costs to sell, and value in use based 
on an internal discounted cash flow valuation.

For goodwill, the recoverable amount is estimated 
at each balance sheet date. An impairment loss 
is recognised whenever the carrying amount 
of an asset or its cash-generating unit exceeds 
its recoverable amount. Impairment losses are 
recognised in profit or loss.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue comprises the fair value of the 
consideration received or receivable for the sale 
of goods and services, net of sales taxes, rebates 
and discounts, and after eliminating sales within 
the Group. For each of the Group’s operating 
segments, revenues are recognised on the 
despatch of goods and when the significant risks 
and rewards of ownership have been passed to the 
buyer. The following specific criteria also apply:

• The Group’s publishing revenues are stated net 

of an estimated allowance for sales returns, 
which is based on a review of the historical 
return patterns associated with the various sales 
outlets, as well as current market trends in the 
business in which the Group operates.

• Revenue from e-books is recognised when the 

content is delivered.

LEASING

Where assets are acquired under finance leases 
(including hire purchase contracts), which confer 
risks and rewards similar to those attached to 
owned assets, the amount representing the 
outright purchase price of such assets is included 
in property, plant and equipment. All other leases 
are classified as operating leases. Depreciation is 
provided in accordance with the accounting policy 
below. The capital element of future finance lease 
payments is included in liabilities and the interest 
element is charged to the income statement over 
the period of the lease in proportion to the capital 
element outstanding. Expenditure on operating 
leases is charged to the income statement on a 
straight line basis.

FOREIGN CURRENCIES

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated 
at the foreign exchange rate ruling at the date of 
the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies at the balance 
sheet date are translated at the exchange rate 
ruling at that date with any exchange differences 
arising on retranslation being recognised in the 
income statement.

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, 
including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising 
on consolidation, are translated into US Dollars at 
exchange rates ruling at the balance sheet date. 

78

The revenues and expenses of foreign operations 
are translated into US Dollars at average annual 
exchange rates. Foreign exchange differences 
arising on retranslation are charged or credited to 
other comprehensive income and are recognised 
in the currency translation reserve in equity. 
On disposal of a foreign operation, the related 
cumulative translation differences recognised in 
equity are reclassified to profit or loss and are 
recognised as part of the gain or loss on disposal.

EXCEPTIONAL ITEMS

Exceptional items which the Company defines 
as non-trading items are, in management's 
judgement, significant items outside the scope 
of normal business that need to be disclosed by 
virtue of their size or incidence in order for the 
user to obtain a proper understanding of the 
financial information.

RETIREMENT BENEFIT COSTS

The Group’s pension costs relate to individual 
pension plans and are charged to profit or loss 
as they fall due.

TAXATION

Tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises 
both current and deferred tax. Current tax is the 
expected tax payable on the taxable income for 
the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively 
enacted at the balance sheet date, and any 
adjustments to tax payable in respect of previous 
years. Deferred tax is provided using the balance 
sheet liability method, providing for temporary 
differences between the carrying amounts 
of assets and liabilities for financial reporting 
purposes and the amounts used for taxation 
purposes. However, deferred tax is not provided 
on the initial recognition of goodwill, nor on the 
initial recognition of an asset or a liability unless the 
related transaction is a business combination or 
effects tax or accounting profit. Not all temporary 
differences give rise to deferred tax assets/
liabilities. A deferred tax asset is recognised only 
to the extent that it is probable that future taxable 
profits will be available against which the asset 
can be utilised. Changes in deferred tax assets 
or liabilities are recognised as a component of 

tax expense in the income statement, except 
where they relate to items that are charged or 
credited directly to other comprehensive income 
or equity, in which case the related deferred 
tax is also charged or credited directly to other 
comprehensive income or equity, respectively.

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment are stated at 
deemed cost less accumulated depreciation 
and any provision for impairments in value. 
The Group recognises in the carrying amount of 
property, plant and equipment the subsequent 
costs of replacing part of such items when there 
are future economic benefits. All other costs are 
recognised in profit or loss as an expense as they 
are incurred.

Depreciation is provided on a straight-line basis 
to write off the cost, less the estimated residual 
value, of property, plant and equipment over 
their estimated useful lives, which are reviewed 
annually. Where parts of an item of plant 
and equipment have separate lives, they are 
accounted for and depreciated as separate items. 
Residual values are reassessed on an annual basis. 
Land is not depreciated.

Estimated useful lives are as follows:

• Freehold property and long leasehold property 

improvements – 50 years

• Short leasehold property improvements  

– over the period of the lease

• Plant, equipment and motor vehicles  

– 4 to 10 years 

• Fixtures and fittings – 5 to 7 years

Assets held under finance leases are depreciated 
over their expected useful lives on the same basis 
as owned assets or, where shorter, over the term 
of the relevant lease.

The gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement 
of an asset is determined as the difference between 
the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the 
asset and is recognised in income.

79

Generally, the Group recognises all financial assets 
using trade date accounting. An assessment of 
whether a financial asset is impaired is made 
at least at each reporting date. All income and 
expense relating to financial assets are recognised 
in the income statement line item ‘finance costs’ or 
‘finance income’, respectively, with the exception of 
trade and other receivables which are recorded in 
revenue and administrative expenses.

Loans and receivables, including trade receivables, 
are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or 
determinable payments that are not quoted in 
an active market. After initial recognition, at fair 
value, these are measured at amortised cost using 
the effective interest method, less provision for 
impairment. Any change in their value is recognised 
in profit or loss. The Group’s trade and most other 
receivables fall into this category of financial 
instruments. Discounting, however, is omitted 
where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Significant receivables are considered for 
impairment on a case-by-case basis when they 
are past due at the balance sheet date or when 
objective evidence is received that a specific 
counterparty will default. All other receivables 
are reviewed for impairment in groups, which 
are determined by reference to the industry and 
region of a counterparty and other available 
features of shared credit risk characteristics, if 
any. The percentage of the write-down is then 
based on recent historical counterparty default 
rates for each identified group.

Derivative financial instruments are initially 
recognised at fair value, and subsequently 
classified as financial assets at fair value through 
profit and loss. Any gain or loss arising from 
derivative financial instruments is based on 
changes in fair value, which is determined by direct 
reference to active market transactions or using a 
valuation technique where no active market exists.

PRE-PUBLICATION COSTS

Pre-publication costs represent directly 
attributable costs and attributable overheads 
incurred in the development of book titles prior 
to their publication. Attributable overheads are 
allocated on a title by title basis. These costs are 
carried forward in current intangible assets where 
the book title will generate future economic 
benefits and costs can be measured reliably. 
These costs are amortised on a straight line basis 
upon publication of the book title over estimated 
economic lives of three years or less, being an 
estimate of the expected useful economic life of 
a book title. The investment in pre-publication 
costs has been disclosed as part of the investing 
activities in the cash flow statement.

INVENTORIES

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost, including 
an appropriate portion of overheads, and net 
realisable value, on a first in, first out basis. Net 
realisable value is the estimated selling price in the 
ordinary course of business, less estimated costs 
of completion and selling expenses.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Financial assets and financial liabilities are 
recognised on the Group’s balance sheet when 
the group becomes a party to the contractual 
provisions of the instrument.

FINANCIAL ASSETS

Financial assets other than hedging instruments 
are divided into the following categories:

• loans and receivables; and

• financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets are assigned to the different 
categories on initial recognition, depending on the 
characteristics of the instrument and its purpose. 
A financial instrument’s category is relevant for 
the way it is measured and whether any resulting 
income and expenses is recognised in profit or loss 
or directly in equity. See Note 33 for a summary of 
the Group’s financial assets by category.

80

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES

The Group’s financial liabilities include borrowings, 
trade and other payables (including finance lease 
liabilities).

After initial recognition at fair value, all financial 
liabilities, with the exception of derivative financial 
instruments, are measured at amortised cost using 
the effective interest rate method. A summary of 
the Group’s financial liabilities by category is given 
in Note 33.

All of the Group’s derivative financial instruments 
that are not designated as hedging instruments 
in accordance with the strict conditions explained 
under the heading ‘Derivative financial instruments 
and hedge accounting’, are accounted for at fair 
value through profit or loss by definition.

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 
INSTRUMENTS

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are 
classified according to the substance of the 
contractual arrangements entered into. An equity 
instrument is any contract that evidences a residual 
interest in the assets of the Group after deducting 
all of financial liabilities.

FINANCE COSTS

Finance costs comprise interest payable on 
borrowings calculated using the effective interest 
method together with the amortisation of debt 
issuance costs.

FINANCE INCOME

Finance income comprises interest receivable, 
which is recognised in profit or loss as it accrues 
using the effective interest method.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

For the purposes of the statement of cash 
flows, cash and cash equivalents comprise cash 
balances, call deposits and bank overdrafts 
that form an integral part of the Group’s cash 
management processes.

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND 
HEDGE ACCOUNTING

The Group’s activities expose it primarily to the 
financial risks of changes in foreign currency 
exchange rates and interest rates. The Group 
uses interest rate swap contracts to hedge these 
exposures. The Group does not use derivative 
financial instruments for speculative purposes.

The use of financial derivatives is governed by 
the Group’s policies approved by the Board of 
Directors, which provide written principles on the 
use of financial derivatives.

Where a derivative financial instrument is 
designated as a hedge of the variability in cash 
flows of a recognised asset or liability, or a highly 
probable forecast transaction, the effective part 
of any gain or loss on the derivative financial 
instrument is recognised directly in other 
comprehensive income. If the cash flow of a firm 
commitment or forecast transaction results in 
the recognition of an asset or a liability, then, 
at the time the asset or liability is recognised, 
the associated gains or losses on the derivative 
that had previously been recognised in equity 
are included in initial recognition of that asset or 
liability. Amounts previously recognised in other 
comprehensive income are recognised in the 
profits and loss in the same period in which the 
hedged item affects net profit or loss. Changes 
in the fair value of derivative financial instruments 
that do not qualify for hedge accounting are 
recognised in profit or loss as they arise.

The Group’s derivatives are split between level 
1 and level 2 financial instruments under IFRS 7. 
The foreign currency exchange rate derivatives 
are level 1 and they are valued based on a quoted 
price in an active market. The interest rate swaps 
are level 2 financial instruments and they are 
valued using techniques based significantly on 
observable market data such as yield curves as at 
the balance sheet date.

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the 
hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, 
or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge 
accounting. At that time, any cumulative gain 
or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in 

81

equity is retained in other comprehensive income 
until the forecast transaction occurs. If a hedged 
transaction is no longer expected to occur, the 
net cumulative gain or loss recognised in other 
comprehensive income is transferred to net profit 
or loss for the period.

TREASURY SHARES

Treasury shares represent holdings of the 
Company’s own equity instruments. No gain or 
loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, 
issue or cancellation of these equity instruments. 
Consideration paid or received is recognised 
directly in other comprehensive income.

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The principal risk factors faced by the Group are 
disclosed in Note 33 and on page 33.

NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS  
NOT APPLIED

The International Accounting Standards Board 
and the International Reporting Interpretations 
Committee (IFRIC) have issued the following 
standards and interpretations for annual 
periods beginning on or after the effective 
dates noted below.

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

The Group issues equity settled share-based 
payments to certain employees. Equity settled 
share-based payments are measured at fair value 
at the date of grant. The fair value, determined 
at the grant date, of equity settled share-based 
payments is expensed on a straight line basis over 
the vesting period, based on the Group's estimate 
of shares that will eventually vest.

The fair value of employee share option grants is 
calculated using a Monte Carlo model, taking into 
account the terms and conditions upon which the 
options were granted. The value of the charge is 
adjusted to reflect expected and actual levels of 
options vesting. 

BORROWING COSTS

All borrowing costs are recognised in the income 
statement in the period in which they are incurred. 
Debt issuance costs comprising arrangement fees 
and legal costs are capitalised and amortised on a 
straight line basis over the period of the borrowing 
facility or included within the amortised cost 
calculation as appropriate. The annual amortisation 
charge is included within finance costs in the 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

The Group does not incur any borrowing costs 
which are directly attributable to the acquisition, 
construction or production of qualifying assets.

82

IAS/IFRS STANDARDS

Amendments to IAS 1

Disclosure initiative

Amendments to IAS 16  
and IAS 38

Clarification of Acceptable Methods 
of Depreciation and Amortisation

Amendments to IFRS 10,  
IFRS 12 and IFRS 28

Investment entities: Applying the 
consolidation exception

Effective for 
accounting periods  
starting on or after

1 January 2016

1 January 2016

1 January 2016

Amendments to IAS 12

Recognition of Deferred Tax Assets

1 January 2017

IFRS 15

IFRS 9 

IFRS 16 

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

1 January 2018

Financial Instruments

Leases

1 January 2018

1 January 2019

The potential impact of the future adoption of IFRS 15 and IFRS 16 on the Group's accounts is ongoing. 
Apart from these standards, the Directors do not consider that the adoption of the other standards listed 
above will have a material impact on the Group’s accounts in the period of initial application.

2

REVENUE

An analysis of the Group’s revenue is as follows:

Sales of goods

Revenue

Other operating income

Finance income

Total income

2015
$000

182,165

182,165

–

142

2014
$000

171,339

171,339

22

151

182,307

171,512

 
83

3

OPERATING SEGMENTS

The analysis by segment is presented below. This is based upon the operating results reviewed  
by the Chief Executive Officer. 

2015

Quarto 
International 
Co-Editions 
Group
 $000

Quarto 
Publishing 
Group USA
$000 

Quarto 
Publishing 
Group UK 
$000

Books & 
Gifts Direct, 
ANZ
 $000

Quarto 
HK
$000

Total
$000

External revenue

50,147

72,441

22,765

22,060

14,752

182,165

Operating profit before amortisation 
of acquired intangibles and 
exceptional items 

6,351

8,884

3,302

1,613

1,487

21,637

Amortisation of acquired intangibles

(240)

(346)

(86)

(52)

–

(724)

Segment result

6,111

8,538

3,216

1,561

1,487

20,913

Unallocated corporate expenses

Exceptional Item – Acquisition costs

Exceptional Item – Professional 
fees relating to aborted corporate 
transactions

Finance income

Finance costs

Profit before tax

Tax

Profit after tax

Capital expenditure

Depreciation

Investment in pre-publication costs

Amortisation of pre-publication costs

(4,431)

(257)

(188)

142

(3,240)

12,939

(3,685)

9,254

2,010

1,189

34,872

33,258

529

539

15,724

16,246

773

329

14,888

13,014

38

181

4,260

3,998

546

86

–

–

124

54

–

–

Transactions between operating segments are recorded at normal commercial terms.

 
 
 
 
 
 
84

3

OPERATING SEGMENTS (CONTINUED)

2014 (Restated) 

Quarto 
International 
Co-Editions 
Group
 $000

Quarto 
Publishing 
Group USA
$000 

Quarto 
Publishing 
Group UK 
$000

Books & 
Gifts Direct, 
ANZ
 $000

Quarto 
HK
$000

Total
$000

External revenue

42,676

64,058

21,477

29,865

13,263

171,339

Operating profit before amortisation 
of acquired intangibles and 
exceptional items 

6,063

6,636

3,099

2,773

1,112

19,683

Amortisation of acquired intangibles

(3)

(346)

(93)

(61)

–

(503)

Segment result

6,060

6,290

3,006

2,712

1,112

19,180

Unallocated corporate expenses

Exceptional Item – Acquisition costs

Exceptional Item – Profit on disposal 
of freehold property

Finance income

Finance costs

Profit before tax

Tax

Profit after tax

Capital expenditure

Depreciation

282

333

233

276

Investment in pre-publication costs

14,573

14,787

Amortisation of and amount written 
off pre-publication costs

15,151

11,961

There are no other significant non-cash expenses.

(3,764)

(78)

644

151

(4,128)

12,005

(2,922)

9,083

1,341

1,106

33,525

30,933

43

205

4,165

3,821

770

269

–

–

13

23

–

–

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
85

2015
$000

92,154

20,562

49,957

17,241

7,811

25,077

212,802

22,567

7,848

23,246

5,189

4,325

94,587

157,762

2014
$000 
Restated

84,607

20,414

46,486

20,242

7,132

23,236

202,117

16,488

5,869

19,701

8,313

3,438

97,573

151,382

3

OPERATING SEGMENTS (CONTINUED)

Balance sheet 

Quarto Publishing Group USA 

Quarto Publishing Group UK

Quarto International Co-Editions Group

Books & Gifts Direct, ANZ

Quarto HK

Unallocated (Deferred tax and cash) 

Total assets

Quarto Publishing Group USA

Quarto Publishing Group UK

Quarto International Co-Editions Group

Books & Gifts Direct, ANZ 

Quarto HK

Unallocated (Borrowings, derivatives, deferred tax and tax payable) 

Total liabilities

Geographical areas

The Group operates in the following main geographic areas:

United States of America 

Australasia and Far East

United Kingdom

Europe

Rest of the World

Revenues 
2015
$000

92,758

28,556

24,150

24,453

12,248

182,165

Revenues 
2014 
$000 
Restated

79,537

36,322

24,665

22,703

8,112

171,339

Non-current 
assets 2015
$000

Non-current 
assets 2014
$000 

55,507

8,066

39,304

1,556

–

53,559

8,716

38,005

2,136

–

104,433

102,416

Revenues are allocated based on the country in which the customer is located, irrespective of the 
origin of the goods. Non-current assets are based on the subsidiary's country of domicile and comprise 
goodwill, other intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and pre-publication costs.

 
86

4

OPERATING PROFIT

Operating profit has been arrived at after charging/(crediting):

Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 

Net foreign currency exchange differences 

Amortisation of acquired intangibles

Amortisation of pre-publication costs

Staff costs (Note 5) 

Auditor’s remuneration (see below) 

Cost of inventory recognised as an expense

Exceptional items

2015
$000

–

1,189

(118)

724

33,258

30,843

408

43,413

445

2014
$000 
Restated

(642)

1,106

(243)

503

30,933

30,725

224

36,430

(566)

Exceptional items comprise acquisition costs of $257,000 and costs relating to aborted corporate 
transactions of $188,000. Exceptional items for 2014 comprised the profit on sales of businesses 
and assets amounting to $644,000 and acquisition costs of $78,000.

Auditor’s remuneration 

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit  
of the Company’s annual accounts 

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor and its associates for  
other services: The audit of the Company’s subsidiaries pursuant  
to legislation 

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for other assurance services

30

370

8

408

59

165

–

224 

The principal increase in the year relates to the Company's auditor appointment for certain overseas 
operations.

5

STAFF COSTS

The average monthly number of employees  
(including Executive Directors) was: 

Their aggregate remuneration comprised:

Wages and salaries 

Social security costs

Other pension costs 

2015
Number

2014
Number

434

402

$000

27,560

2,119

1,164

30,843

$000

27,431

2,226

1,068

30,725

Directors’ remuneration is disclosed in the Remuneration Committee Report on page 57.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6

FINANCE INCOME

Interest income on financial assets carried at amortised cost

7

FINANCE COSTS

Interest expense on borrowings

Amortisation of debt issuance costs

Total finance costs

*  See note 1 regarding reclassification of debt issuance costs.

8

TAX

Current tax on profit for the year 

Total current tax

Deferred tax (Note 20)

Current year origination and reversal of temporary differences

87

2014
$000

151

2014
$000 
Restated

3,408

720

4,128

2014
$000 
Restated

2,413

2,413

509

2,922

2015
$000

142

2015
$000

2,837

403

3,240

2015
$000

2,277

2,277

1,408

3,685

Corporation tax on UK profits is calculated at 20.25%, based on the UK standard rate of corporation tax, 
(2014: 21.5%) of the estimated assessable profit for the year. Taxation for other jurisdictions is calculated 
at the rates prevailing in the respective jurisdictions. The table below explains the difference between 
the expected expense at the UK statutory rate of 20.25% and the Group's total tax expense for the year.

Profit before tax 

Tax at the UK corporation tax rate of 20.25% (2014: 21.5%)

Effect of different tax rates of subsidiaries operating in 
other jurisdictions 

Adjustment to prior years

Other, including tax effect of expenses that are 
not deductible in determining taxable profit

2015
$000

12,939

2,620

1,015

–

50

2015
%

2014
$000 
Restated

12,005

2014
%

2,581

409

(480)

412

Tax expense and effective tax rate for the year

3,685

28.5%

2,922

24.3%

 
 
 
 
88

9

EARNINGS PER SHARE

From continuing operations 
The calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share is based on the following data:

Earnings

Earnings for the purposes of basic earnings per share being  
net profit attributable to owners of the parent 

2015
$000

2014
$000 
Restated

8,866

8,773

Number of shares

Number

Number

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purposes
of basic earnings per share 

Effect of potential dilutive ordinary shares:

Share options 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the  
purposes of diluted earnings per share 

19,696,729

19,696,729

38,591

–

–

–

19,735,320

19,696,729

Earnings per share

Basic 

Diluted

Adjusted earnings 

Earnings for the purposes of basic earnings per share being  
net profit attributable to owners of the parent:

Amortisation of acquired intangibles (net of tax) 

Exceptional items (net of tax) 

Earnings for the purposes of adjusted earnings per share

Adjusted earnings per share

Basic 

Diluted

2015
Cents

45.0

44.9

$000

8,866

526

441

9,833

2015
Cents

49.9

49.8

2014 
Cents 
Restated

44.5

44.5

$000 
Restated

8,773

350

(427)

8,696

2014
Cents 
Restated

44.1

44.1

 
 
10

GOODWILL

Cost

At January 1 

Exchange differences

Recognised on acquisitions (Note 34)

At December 31

Accumulated impairment losses

At January 1

Exchange differences

At December 31

Carrying amount

At December 31

89

2013
$000

41,869

(125)

–

41,744

(368)

(9)

(377)

2015
$000

41,423

(1,244)

269

40,448

(354)

18

(336)

2014
$000

41,744

(971)

650

41,423

(377)

23

(354)

40,112

41,069

41,367

Impairment tests for cash generating units containing goodwill

The following units have significant carrying amounts of goodwill:

Quarto Publishing Group USA (QUS)

Quarto Publishing Group UK (QUK)

Quarto International Co-Editions Group (QIC)

Books & Gifts Direct, ANZ (BGD)

2015
$000

26,878

2,176

5,145

5,913

40,112

2014
$000

26,878

2,293

5,171

6,727

41,069

2013
$000

26,878

2,440

4,987

7,062

41,367

The recoverable amount of each cash generating 
unit (‘CGU’) is based on the value in use basis. In 
determining value in use, management prepare 
a detailed bottom up budget, with reviews 
conducted at each business unit. Cash flows 
beyond the budget period of twelve months 
are extrapolated into perpetuity, by applying 
the growth and rates applicable to each unit 
discounted to present value. The key assumptions 
used in the value in use calculations were:

Discount rate: 11.58% pre-tax for QUS, 12.17% 
for QUK and QIC and 11.58% for BGD which 
reflects current assessments of the time value 
of money. The discount rate has been calculated 
using Weighted Average Cost of Capital analysis 
adjusted to derive the pre-tax discount rate.

Cash flow growth rates: based on a forecast 
growth rate of 3% (2014: 3%), into perpetuity, 
to reflect the long term expected growth in each 
of the key markets. Changes in selling prices and 
direct costs are based on past experience and  
expectations of future changes in the market.

Determining whether goodwill, specific to the US, 
is impaired requires an estimation of the value of 
use of each CGU based on the key assumptions 
above. The headroom of the US CGU as at 
December 31, 2015 was $12.7m (2014: $12.8m).

Neither a 1.7% decrease in the long term growth 
rate or a 1.5% increase in the discount rate would 
have led to an impairment.

90

11

OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Cost

At January 1, 2014

Acquisitions

Exchange differences

At December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2015

Exchange differences

Recognised on acquisitions (Note 34)

Disposals

At December 31, 2015

Amortisation and impairment

At January 1, 2014

Exchange differences 

Charge for the year 

At December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2015

Exchange differences

Charge for the year 

Disposals

At December 31, 2015

Carrying amount

At December 31, 2015

At December 31, 2014

At December 31, 2013

Non-contractual 
relationships
$000 

Backlists
$000

Total
$000

19,248

503

(178)

19,573

(278)

1,365

(1,025)

19,635

18,257

(143)

503

18,617

(191)

724

(1,025)

18,125

18,121

503

(131)

18,493

(223)

1,365

–

19,635

17,130

(96)

503

17,537

(136)

724

–

18,125

1,510 

1,510 

956 

991

956 

991

1,127

–

(47)

1,080

(55)

–

(1,025)

–

1,127

(47)

–

1,080

(55)

–

(1,025)

–

–

–

–

91

Total
$000

8,574

(298)

1,341

12

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Freehold 
Property
$000

Leasehold 
Property 
Improvements
$000

Plant 
Equipment 
& Motor 
Vehicles
$000

Fixtures & 
Fittings
$000

Cost 

At January 1, 2014

Exchange difference

Additions 

Disposals 

Acquisition of subsidiaries

At December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2015

Acquisition of subsidiaries

Exchange difference

Additions

Disposals

At December 31, 2015

Depreciation

At January 1, 2014

Exchange differences

Charge for the year

Disposals

At December 31, 2014 and January 1, 2015

Exchange differences

Charge for the year

Disposals

At December 31, 2015

Net book value

At December 31, 2015

At December 31, 2014

At December 31, 2013

1,371

(9)

12

1,253

(38)

6

(1,374)

(364) 

–

–

–

–

–

–

– 

169

(1)

–

(168)

–

–

–

–

 –

–

–

1,202

–

857

–

(46)

253

(2)

1,062

656

(22)

228

(364)

498

(25)

193

–

666

396

359

597

4,461

(234)

1,184

(990)

106

4,527

2

(335)

1,525

(177)

5,542

3,362

(109)

455

(990)

2,718

(206)

825

(177)

3,160

2,382

1,809

1,099

1,489

(17)

139

(630)

(3,358)

3

109

984

6,368

–

(38)

232

(58)

1,120

635

(7)

423

2

(419)

2,010

(237)

7,724

4,822

(139)

1,106

(630)

(2,152)

421

(8)

171

(54)

530

590

563

854

3,637

(239)

1,189

(231)

4,356

3,368

2,731

3,752

92

13

SUBSIDIARIES

A list of the significant investments in subsidiaries, including the name, country of incorporation 
and proportion of ownership interest is given in Note 4 to the Company’s balance sheet. All of 
these subsidiaries are included in the consolidated results.

14

INTANGIBLE ASSETS – PRE-PUBLICATION COSTS

Cost

At January 1 

Exchange differences

Transfer from inventories

Acquired on acquisition of subsidiaries 

Additions

At December 31

Amortisation

At January 1

Exchange differences

Charge for the year 

Amount written off

At December 31

Carrying amount

2015
$000

117,077

(2,217)

–

2,001

34,872

2014
$000

102,701

(2,774)

660

102

33,525

151,733

134,214

59,543

(511)

33,258

–

46,480

(733)

30,933

–

2013
$000

88,510

858

691

–

31,668

121,727

34,971

233

30,099

203

92,290

76,680

65,506

59,443

57,534

56,221

The assessment of the useful life of pre-publication costs and amortisation involves a significant 
amount of judgement based on historical trends and management estimates of future potential 
sales, in accordance with the accounting policy stated in Note 1.

15

INVENTORIES

Finished goods

Work in progress 

Raw materials 

93

2015
$000

25,889

151

107

2014
$000 
Restated

24,525

114

212

2013
$000 
Restated

19,394

167

118

26,147

24,851

19,679

All of the Group’s inventories have been reviewed for indicators of impairment. Certain inventories were 
found to be impaired and a provision of $1,649,000 (2014: $1,696,000) has been recorded accordingly.

16

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables

Other receivables and prepayments 

Amounts falling due within one year 

2015
$000

45,475

11,670

57,145

2014
$000 
Restated

40,225

11,515

51,740

2013
$000 
Restated

44,611

9,738

54,349

The average credit period on sales of goods is 65 days (2014: 73 days).

The Group’s trade and other receivables have been reviewed for indicators of impairment. Certain trade 
receivables, including certain trade receivables not yet due, were not considered to be recoverable 
and a provision of $908,000 (2014: $1,509,000) has been recorded accordingly. The trade receivables 
considered irrecoverable relate to customers which are experiencing trading difficulties. In addition, 
some of the recoverable trade receivables are past due as at the reporting date. The extent of financial 
assets past due but not impaired is as follows:

Less than one month

More than one month but less than two months 

More than two months but less than three months 

More than three months but less than six months

More than six months

2015
$000

3,338

1,182

339

599

73

5,531

2014
$000

3,018

783

342

823

444

5,410

2013
$000

3,310

1,365

385

300

172

5,532

The Group has not provided against these receivables as there has not been a significant change in 
credit quality and the Group believes they are still recoverable. No collateral is held over these balances.

94

16

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (CONTINUED)

Movement in allowance for doubtful debts:

Balance at beginning of year

On acquisition of subsidiaries

Amounts written off in the year 

Amounts recovered during the year 

Exchange difference

Increase in allowance recognised in profit or loss

Balance at end of the year

2015
$000

1,509

46

(1,571)

150

(26)

800

908

2014
$000

1,185

–

(434)

337

(16)

437

1,509 

2013
$000

957

–

(607)

268

2

565

1,185

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair 
value. Trade receivables are disclosed after deducting a reserve for sales returns. The reserve is calculated 
based on a time lag between sales and returns and historical return patterns.

17

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Bank balances 

Short term deposits 

Cash and cash equivalents

2015
$000

18,274

6,785

25,059

2014
$000

13,375

9,735

23,110

2013
$000

15,145

8,734

23,879

The carrying amount of these assets approximates to their fair value.

The effective interest rates on bank balances and short term deposits was 0.4% (2014: 0.6%).

18

MEDIUM AND LONG TERM LOANS

Bank loans

Obligations under finance leases (see Note 21) 

2015
$000

79,562

–

79,562

2014
$000

–

–

–

The borrowings (excluding obligations under finance leases) are repayable as follows:

On demand or within one year 

In the second year

In the third to fifth years inclusive

5,000

5,000

74,562

84,562

89,150

–

–

89,150

95

2013
$000

78,287

4

78,291

16,600

78,287

–

94,887

Less: Amount due for settlement within 12 months
(shown under current liabilities)

Amount due for settlement after 12 months

(5,000)

79,562

(89,150)

–

(16,600)

78,287

Fixed rate 
borrowings

Variable 
rate 
borrowings

Weighted 
average 
interest rate 
for fixed rate 
borrowings 

Average 
time over 
which 
interest rate 
is fixed

$000

30,000

–

30,000

–

–

– 

44,000

–

44,000

$000

27,000

27,562

54,562

60,000

29,150

89,150 

18,635

32,252

50,887

%

3.5

–

3.5

–

–

– 

3.8

–

3.8

 Months

19.5

–

19.5

–

–

– 

11

–

11

Total

$000

57,000

27,562

84,562

60,000

29,150

89,150 

62,635

32,252

94,887

US dollar borrowings 

Other currency borrowings

As at December 31, 2015 

US dollar borrowings 

Other currency borrowings

As at December 31, 2014

US dollar borrowings 

Other currency borrowings

As at December 31, 2013

The variable rate borrowings bear interest by 
reference to LIBOR plus a margin.

At December 31, 2015, undrawn borrowing 
facilities totalled $16,540,000 (2014: $5,480,000).

The Directors estimate the fair value of the 
Group’s borrowings to be equal to book value, 
by reference to market rates.

The above borrowings carry interest based on 
LIBOR plus a margin of between 2.1% and 2.8%, 
depending on the leverage ratio and are secured 
on the assets of the Group.

At December 31, 2015, the Group had a US$95m 
(2014: US$95m) multi-currency syndicated bank 
facility which is due to expire on April 30, 2019.

96

18

MEDIUM AND LONG TERM LOANS (CONTINUED)

These facilities are subject to three principal covenants, namely:

(a) 

 Total consolidated net indebtedness shall 
not exceed 3 times EBITDA (as defined 
in the committed facility agreements). 
At December 31, 2015, net indebtedness 
was 1.63 times (2014: 1.87 times) EBITDA.

(b)   The consolidated operating profit before 

exceptional items and goodwill amortisation 
shall exceed three times net interest payable. 

For the year ended December 31, 2015, net 
interest payable was 5.55 times (2014: 4.00 
times) covered under this covenant.

(c) 

 Cash flow shall exceed 1.2 times Debt Service. 
For the year ended December 31, 2015, Debt 
Service was 3.89 times (2014: 3.19 times) 
covered under this covenant.

19

OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS/LIABILITIES

In the reporting periods under review, other financial assets/liabilities comprise derivative financial 
instruments as follows:

2015
$000

2014
$000

2013
$000

Current financial liabilities 
Derivative financial (assets)/liabilities – forward exchange contract 
Derivative financial instruments – interest rate swaps

(18)
10
(8) 

67
–
67 

110
317
427

The Group’s activities expose it primarily to 
the financial risks of changes in foreign currency 
exchange rates and interest rates. The Group 
uses exchange rate swaps to hedge exchange 
rate exposures and interest rate swap contracts 
to hedge the interest rate exposures. The Group 
does not use derivative financial instruments for 
speculative purposes. All interest rate swaps have 
been designated as hedging instruments in cash 
flow hedges in accordance with IAS 39. 

The Group’s interest rate swaps have been designed 
to match the corresponding loan terms to maximise 
the effectiveness of the hedging instrument. There 
was no ineffectiveness during the year and all 
movements were recorded in other comprehensive 
income, with amounts reclassified to finance 
costs within profit or loss. Exchange rate swaps 
are not treated as hedging instruments for hedge 
accounting purposes.

The following table details the principal amounts and the remaining terms of interest rate swap contracts 
outstanding at the reporting date:

Principal amounts

Committed interest payments

2015
%

2014
%

2013
%

2015
$000

2014
$000

2013
$000

2015
$000

2014
$000

Within one year

Within one to two years

Within two to five years

Derivative

3.1

3.5

3.8

–

–

–

3.8% 10,000

–

–

10,000

10,000

30,000

–

–

–

–

44,000

(134)

–

–

(384)

(674)

44,000

(1,192)

–

–

–

–

2013
$000

(317)

–

– 

(317)

The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined by using mark to market values at the balance sheet 
date, based on quoted prices in active markets.

 
97

20

DEFERRED TAX

2015
$000 

2014
$000 
Restated

2013
$000 
Restated

Deferred taxation provided in the financial statements 
is as follows:

Excess of capital allowances over depreciation – UK

Other temporary differences – UK 

Other temporary differences – US

Other overseas temporary differences 

Deferred taxation assets

Other temporary differences – Other overseas

Net deferred taxation liability

59

4,190

4,249

2,924

293

7,466

–

–

7,466

25

4,493

4,518

1,545

(136)

5,927

–

(126)

5,801

The movement on the net provision for deferred taxation is as follows:

Net provision at January 1 

Acquisitions 

Exchange difference through other comprehensive 
income 

Charge/(credit) to profit and loss

Net provision at December 31 

2015
$000 

5,801

394

(137)

1,408

7,466

2014
$000 
Restated

5,452

145

(305)

509

5,801

13

4,756

4,769 

906

(190)

5,485

–

(33)

5,452

2013
$000 
Restated

5,609

48

85

(290)

5,452

At the balance sheet date, the group has unused tax losses of $2,909,000, which are recognised 
in deferred tax above (2014: $8,947,000) available for offset against future profits. 

At the balance sheet date, the aggregate amount of temporary differences associated with undistributed 
earnings of subsidiaries for which deferred tax has not been recognised was $20,165,000 (2014: $21,411,000).

98

21

OBLIGATIONS UNDER FINANCE LEASES

2015
$000

2014
$000

2013
$000

Amounts payable under finance leases:

Within one year 

In the second to fifth year inclusive

Less: future finance charges 

Less: Amount due for settlement within

12 months (Note 22) 

Amount due for settlement after 12 months

22

SHORT TERM BORROWINGS

Current loan instalments 

Borrowings (Note 18) 

Finance lease obligations (Note 21) 

–

–

–

–

– 

–

–

–

–

–

–

– 

–

–

2015
$000

5,000

5,000

–

5,000

2014
$000

89,150

89,150

–

89,150

The carrying amount of these liabilities approximates to their fair value.

23

TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Trade payables 

Other payables 

2015
$000 

49,856

13,220

63,076

2014
$000 
Restated

44,047

9,224

53,271

4

4

8

(1)

7

(3)

4

2013
$000

16,600

16,600

3

16,603

2013
$000 

41,025

11,759

52,784

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade payables approximates to their fair value.

99

24

SHARE CAPITAL

Authorised: 
28,000,000 (2014: 28,000,000) shares of common stock of par value US$0.10 each (‘shares of 
common stock’) with an aggregate nominal value of US$2,800,000 (2014: US$2,800,000).

Equity share capital 

Allotted, called up and fully paid:

Shares of common stock of par value US$0.10 
each 20,444,550 (2014: 20,444,550) 

2015
$000

2014
$000

2013
$000

2,045

2,045

2,045

The Company has one class of common stock which carries no right to fixed income.

25

RETAINED EARNINGS AND OTHER RESERVES

HEDGING RESERVE

The hedging reserve comprises the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value 
of cash flow hedging instruments related to hedged transactions.

TRANSLATION RESERVE

The translation reserve comprises all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the 
closing balance sheets of foreign operations of the Group and the results of foreign operations of the 
Group since January 1, 2004.

TREASURY STOCK

Treasury stock represents the Group’s purchase of its own shares. The Group owns 747,821 (2014: 747,821) 
shares, representing 3.7% (2014: 3.7%) of its shares of common stock.

DIVIDENDS

Amounts recognised as distributions to equity holders in the period: 
Interim dividend for the year ended December 31, 2015 of 5.13c/3.35p 
(2014: 5.53c/3.35p) per share

Final dividend for the year ended December 31, 2014 of 8.17c/4.95p 
(2013: 7.51c/4.55p) per share

Proposed final dividend for the year ended December 31, 2015 of 
9.41c/6.15p (2014: 8.17c/4.95p) per share 

2015
$000

1,010

1,492

2,502

1,853

1,853

2014
$000

1,089

1,478

2,567

1,521

1,521

The proposed final dividend is subject to approval by shareholders at the Annual Meeting and has not 
been included as a liability in these financial statements.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100

25

RETAINED EARNINGS AND OTHER RESERVES (CONTINUED)

The Quarto Group, Inc., as a US incorporated 
company, is required to collect US dividend 
withholding taxes on dividend distributions made 
to its non-US shareholders. The US dividend 
withholding tax is generally 30% of any dividends 
paid to Quarto’s non-US shareholders, but this 
amount can potentially be reduced pursuant to an 
applicable income tax treaty between the US and 
the country of residence of the non-US shareholder.

For example, under the US/UK income tax 
treaty, the US dividend withholding tax rate can 
range from nil (applicable to certain UK resident 
pension trusts and tax exempt entities) to 15% 

(applicable to UK resident individual shareholders 
and certain UK corporate shareholders). For US 
shareholders, no US dividend withholding tax 
is generally applicable. It should be noted that 
certain documentation requirements must be met 
by all shareholders prior to the payment of any 
dividends to certify their status as a US or non-US 
shareholder, and, if a non-US shareholder to claim 
any applicable benefits under the US/UK or other 
applicable income tax treaty. Each shareholder 
should consult their own tax adviser to determine 
whether and to what extent they may be entitled 
to claim a reduced amount of US dividend 
withholding taxes under a US income tax treaty.

26

NOTES TO THE CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits. Cash equivalents are short-term highly liquid 
investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to insignificant 
changes in value.

27

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On February 3, 2016, the Group announced that it had acquired the trade and assets of Harvard 
Common Press through its subsidiary company, Quarto Publishing Group USA Inc. The consideration 
of $1,034,000 is payable in three instalments, on completion, in July 2016 and July 2017. These assets 
were acquired because of their strategic fit within the Group.

28

OPERATING LEASE ARRANGEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL COMMITMENTS

Lease payments under operating leases 
recognised in income for the year 

2015
$000

2,153

2014
$000

2,253

At the balance sheet date, the Group had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease 
payments under non-cancellable operating leases, which fall due as follows:

Minimum lease payments under operating leases 
within one year

In the second to fifth years inclusive

After more than five years

2015
$000

1,915

3,836

2,399

8,150

2014
$000

2,055

5,288

2,006

9,349

101

2013
$000

2,632

2013
$000

2,098

3,994

1,462

7,554

Operating lease payments represent rentals payable by the Group, primarily for its office properties. 
There were no capital commitments amounting at the year end (2014: $24,000).

29

SHARE OPTIONS

Details of the award under the Company's Performance Share Plan are set out in the Directors' report 
on page 35, and note 36.

30

REMUNERATION OF KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL

The remuneration of the Directors and the Executive Committee, who are the key management personnel 
of the Group, is set out below in aggregate for each of the categories specified in IAS 24 Related Party 
Disclosures. Further information about the remuneration of individual Directors is provided in the audited 
part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report on page 56.

Short term employee benefits

Post-employment benefits

2015
$000

3,424

317

3,741 

2014
$000

3,559

261

3,820 

 
 
102

31

DIRECTORS’ TRANSACTIONS

There were no transactions with Directors during the year. In 2014, R. J. Morley maintained a current account 
with the Group. The balance due to the Group on this account was less than $5,000 throughout that year.

32

RECONCILIATION OF FIGURES INCLUDED IN THE OTHER PARTS OF  
THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Adjusted profit before tax (before amortisation of acquired 
intangibles and exceptional items)

Amortisation of acquired intangibles 

Exceptional items (Note 4)

Profit before tax

EBITDA (as defined in the committed facility agreement)

Adjusted profit before tax (before amortisation of acquired 
intangibles and exceptional items)

Net interest

Depreciation

Amortisation of pre-publication costs

EBITDA, before exceptional items

Net debt

Short term borrowings

Medium and long term borrowings

Cash and cash equivalents

2015
$000

14,108

(724)

(445)

12,939

2014
$000 
Restated

11,942

(503)

566

12,005

14,108

11,942

3,098

1,189

18,184

36,579

5,000

79,562

(25,059)

59,503

3,977

1,106

18,333

35,358

89,150

–

(23,110)

66,040

33

RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

The Group is exposed to market risk through its use of financial instruments and specifically to currency 
risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and certain other price risks, which result from both its 
operating and investing activities. The Group’s risk management is coordinated at its headquarters, in 
close co-operation with the Board of Directors, and focuses on actively securing the Group’s short to 
medium-term cash flows by minimising the exposure to financial markets.

The Group does not actively engage in the trading of financial assets for speculative purposes nor does 
it write options. The most significant financial risks to which the Group is exposed and a summary of 
financial assets and liabilities by category are described below:

 
103

33

RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (CONTINUED)

FOREIGN CURRENCY SENSITIVITY

Exposures to currency exchange rates arise from the Group’s overseas sales and costs, 
which are primarily denominated in Sterling.

Foreign currency denominated financial assets and liabilities, translated into US Dollars at the closing rate, 
are as follows:

Financial assets

Financial liabilities

Short-term exposure 

Financial liabilities 

Long-term exposure

At December 31

2015
$000

Sterling

44

(123)

(79)

–

–

2014
$000

Sterling

186

–

186

–

–

Other

5,423

(4,497)

926

–

(3,265)

Other

3,725

(8,000)

(4,275)

–

–

(79)

(2,339)

186

(4,275)

The following table illustrates the sensitivity of the net result for the year and equity in regards 
to the Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities and the US Dollar – Sterling exchange rate.

It assumes a +/– 5% change of the Sterling/US-Dollar exchange rate. This percentage has been determined 
based on the average market volatility in exchange rates in the year ended December 31, 2015.  
The sensitivity analysis is based on the Group’s foreign currency financial instruments held at 
each balance sheet date.

If Sterling had strengthened against the US Dollar by 5% (2014: 5%) then this would have had the  
following impact:

Profit after tax for the year

Equity

If Sterling had weakened against the US Dollar by 5% (2014: 5%)  
then this would have had the following impact:

Profit after tax for the year

Equity

2015
$000

(3)

(101) 

2015
$000

3

101

2014
$000

8

(297) 

2014
$000

(8)

297

Exposures to foreign exchange rates vary during the year depending on the volume of overseas 
transactions. Nonetheless, the analysis above is considered to be representative of the Group’s 
exposure to currency risk.

 
 
104

33

RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (CONTINUED)

INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY

The Group’s policy is to minimise interest rate cash flow risk exposures on long-term financing, through 
interest rate swaps. A large part of longer-term borrowings are, therefore, usually at fixed rates.

At December 31, 2015, the Group is exposed to changes in market interest rates through its bank 
borrowings, which are subject to variable interest rates – see Note 18 for further information.

The following table illustrates the sensitivity of the profit after tax for the year and equity to a reasonably 
possible change in interest rates of +/–0.25%, with effect from the beginning of the year. These changes 
are considered to be reasonably possible based on observation of current market conditions. The 
calculations are based on the Group’s financial instruments held at each balance sheet date. All other 
variables are held constant.

A 0.25% increase in interest rates would have the following impact:

Profit after tax for the year

Equity

A 0.25% decrease in interest rates would have had the following impact:

Profit after tax for the year

Equity

Credit risk analysis

2015
$000

(108)

(108)

2015
$000

108

108

2014
$000

(67)

(67)

2014
$000

67

67

The Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying amount of financial assets recognised 
at the balance sheet date, as summarised below:

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade receivables

2015
$000

25,059

45,475

70,534

2014
$000 
Restated

23,110

40,225

63,335

The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The amounts presented in the 
balance sheet are net of allowances for doubtful receivables, estimated by the Group’s management 
based on prior experience and their assessment of the current economic environment.

The Group continuously monitors defaults of customers and other counterparties, identified either 
individually or by group, and incorporates this information into its credit risk controls. Where available 
at reasonable cost, external credit ratings and/or reports on customers and other counterparties are 
obtained and used. The Group’s policy is to deal only with creditworthy counterparties.

 
 
 
105

33

RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (CONTINUED)

The Group’s management considers that all the above financial assets that are not impaired for each 
of the reporting dates under review are of good credit quality, including those that are past due.

None of the Group’s financial assets are secured by collateral or other credit enhancements.

In respect of trade and other receivables, the Group is not exposed to any significant credit risk 
exposure to any single counterparty or any group of counterparties having similar characteristics. 
The credit risk for liquid funds and other short-term financial assets is limited, since the counterparties 
are reputable banks with high quality external credit ratings.

LIQUIDITY RISK ANALYSIS

The Group manages its liquidity needs by carefully monitoring scheduled debt servicing payments for 
long-term financial liabilities as well as cash-outflows due in day-to-day business. Liquidity needs are 
monitored in various time bands, on a day-to-day and week-to-week basis.

The Group maintains cash and marketable securities to meet its liquidity requirements. Funding for long-
term liquidity needs is additionally secured by an adequate amount of committed credit facilities.

As at December 31, 2015, the Group’s liabilities have contractual maturities which are summarised below:

December 31, 2015

Bank loans 

Trade payables 

Other short term financial liabilities

At December 31

Current

within 6 
months

$000

5,016

49,856

13,220

68,092

Non-Current

1 to 5  
years

$000

87,696

–

–

87,696

6 to 12 
months

$000

–

–

– 

– 

Over  
5 years

$000

–

–

–

–

This compares to the maturity of the Group’s financial liabilities in the previous reporting period as follows:

December 31, 2014

Bank loans 

Trade payables 

Other short term financial liabilities

At December 31

Current

within 6 
months

$000

90,251

44,047

9,224

143,522

Non-Current

6 to 12 
months

$000

1 to 5  
years

$000

Over  
5 years

$000

–

–

– 

– 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

106

33

RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES (CONTINUED)

SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES BY CATEGORY

The carrying amounts of the Group’s financial assets and liabilities as recognised at the balance sheet date 
of the reporting periods under review may also be categorised as follows. See Note 1, significant accounting 
policies, covering financial assets, financial liabilities and derivative financial instruments and hedge 
accounting for explanations about how the category of instruments affects their subsequent measurement.

Current assets

Derivative financial instruments carried at fair value through profit and loss:

– Forward exchange contract

Loans and receivables:

– Trade receivables

– Cash and cash equivalents 

Non-current liabilities

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost:

– Borrowings 

Current liabilities

Derivative financial instruments carried at fair value through profit and loss:

– Forward exchange contract

Derivative financial instruments designated as hedging instruments:

– Interest rate swap

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost:

– Borrowings

– Trade payables 

CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT

2015
$000

2014
$000 
Restated

18

–

45,475

25,059

70,552

40,225

23,110

63,335

79,562

79,562 

–

10

–

– 

67

–

5,000

49,856

54,866

89,150

44,047

133,264

The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as going 
concerns while maximising the return to shareholders through an optimal balance of debt and equity. 
The capital structure of the Group consists of debt, which includes the borrowings disclosed in Notes 17, 
18 and 22, cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the parent, comprising 
share capital and reserves as disclosed in the consolidated statement of changes in equity on page 73.

The Board reviews the capital structure, including the level of indebtedness and interest cover, as 
required. The Board’s objective is to maintain the optimal level of indebtedness and manage interest 
cover to comply with the covenant requirements set out in Note 18. As part of this review, the Board 
considers the cost of capital and the risks associated with each class of capital. Details of the level of 
indebtedness, in the form of net debt to EBITDA, and interest cover are given in Note 32, including a 
comparison with the covenants under the Group’s financing facilities.

 
107

34

ACQUISITIONS

On March 4, 2015, the Group acquired 100% of the equity share capital of Lewes Holdings Limited 
and its subsidiary company Ivy Press Limited (“Ivy Press”) for a total consideration of $1.9m, plus the 
assumption of $0.3m of debt. Ivy Press specialises in illustrated book publishing. The consideration 
was payable in three tranches: on completion, on July 1, 2015, and January 4, 2016. Transaction costs of 
$0.3m were incurred in relation to the acquisition (see Note 4). The transaction has been accounted for 
by the acquisition method of accounting. These companies were acquired because of their strategic fit 
within the Group.

Net assets acquired

Intangibles

Property, plant and equipment

Intangible assets – pre-publication costs

Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Cash

Trade and other payables

Borrowings

Tax recoverable

Deferred tax

Goodwill

Total consideration (including deferred consideration)

Net cash outflow arising on acquisition in the year

Cash consideration

Less: Cash acquired

Net Cash consideration

Add: Borrowings repaid

Fair values
$000

1,365

2

2,001

282

1,397

114

(2,757)

(383)

15

(394)

1,642 

269 

1,911 

1,247 

 (114)

1,133

383

1,516

The goodwill of $269,000 arising on the acquisitions is largely attributable to the anticipated 
incremental sales and cost synergies with being part of The Quarto Group and is expected to be 
deductible for tax purposes.

If the acquisitions had been completed on the first day of the financial year, Group revenues for the 
period would have been $183,473,000 and Group profit attributable to the equity holders of the Parent 
would have been $9,179,000. The revenue and operating profit of Ivy Press since the acquisition date 
included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2015 
were $8,075,000 and $1,946,000 respectively.

108

35

RESTATEMENT OF PRIOR YEAR RESULTS

The results have been restated for the 
following items:

a.  Classification of the amortisation of debt 

issuance costs 
The amortisation of debt issuance costs was 
previously included within administrative 
expenses. The policy on these costs has been 
changed to better reflect the underlying nature 
as a financing cost. The reclassified amount 
for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 
$720,000.

b.  Insurance arrangements and related 

revenue recognition  
A review of certain insurance arrangements 
across the Group identified that in limited 
circumstances the Group remains the principal 
insurer of product shipments in transit.  

In these circumstances it was determined that 
it was inappropriate to recognise the related 
revenue until the shipment was receipted by 
the customer, This correction is limited to the 
Books & Direct Gifts business only. The impact 
of the results of the business for the year ended 
December 31, 2014 was a reduction in profit 
after tax of $128,000.

c.   Allocation of overheads to inventories 

A review of the inventory costing model across 
the Group identified some inconsistency in 
the allocation of overheads to inventories. The 
inconsistency was limited to the Books & Gifts 
direct business only and has been corrected. 
The impact of the results of the business for the 
year ended December 31, 2014 was an increase 
in profit after tax of $8,000.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014

Revenue 
Cost of sales

Gross profit 
Other operating income
Distribution costs
Administrative expenses

Operating profit before 
amortisation of acquired intangibles 
and exceptional items

Amortisation of acquired intangibles
Exceptional items

Operating profit
Finance income
Finance costs

Profit before tax
Taxation

Profit for the year

2014 
$000 
Reported
172,644
(117,437)

55,207
22
(6,747)
(33,089)

a 
$000

b 
$000

c 
$000

–
–

–
–
–
720

(1,305)
1,123

(182)
–
–
–

–
(12)

(12)
–
–
–

2014 
$000 
Restated 
171,339
(116,326)

55,013
22
(6,747)
(32,369)

15,393

720

(182)

(12)

15,919

(503)
566

15,456
151
(3,408)

12,199
(2,980)

9,219

–
–

720
–
(720)

–
–

–

–
–

(182)
–
–

(182)
54

(128)

–
–

(12)
–
–

(12)
4

(8)

(503)
566

15,982
151
(4,128)

12,005
(2,922)

9,083

109

35

RESTATEMENT OF PRIOR YEAR RESULTS (CONTINUED)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2014

Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Deferred tax liabilities

Impact on net assets

Impact on total equity

2014
$000 
Reported
23,347
54,616
(6,338)

71,625

51,695

a
$000

–
–
–

–

–

b
$000

2,294
(2,876)
176

c
$000

(790)
–
236

2014
$000 
Restated 
24,851
51,740
(5,926)

(406)

(554)

70,665

(406)

(554)

50,735

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2013

Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Deferred tax liabilities

Impact on net assets

2013
$000 
Reported
19,181
56,043
(5,844)

69,380

Impact on total equity

46,847

a
$000

–
–
–

–

–

b
$000

1,277
(1,694)
125

c
$000

(779)
–
234

2013
$000 
Restated 
19,679
54,349
(5,485)

(292)

(545)

68,543

(292)

(545)

46,010

110

36

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

PERFORMANCE SHARE PLAN (“PSP”)

The Company operates a PSP scheme that awards free shares.

2014 award

The awards under this scheme were granted on May 22, 2014 and vest on June 30, 2016. Vesting is 
conditional on the average share price being equal to or greater than £2.50 over any consecutive period 
of 90 days during the performance period, adjusted for dividends and other cash distributions paid, 
where the minimum value of such dividends and other cash distributions paid is no less than £2.25p per 
share. Participants are entitled to receive dividend equivalents over the vesting period of the awards, 
which are payable on vesting.

For the year ended December 31, 2014 the awards under this scheme were valued at $nil as the 
performance criteria were not expected to be met.

During the year ended December 31, 2015 the performance criteria was amended such that vesting is 
only conditional on the average share price being equal to or greater than £2.50 over any consecutive 
period of 90 days during the performance period. Following this change, the fair value of the award 
was reassessed at $226,000.

Outstanding at beginning of the year

Granted during the period

Outstanding at the end of the year

Share price at date of grant

Expected life (years)

Fair value per award

Weighted average remaining contractual life

Dividend yield

Expected volatility of share price (%)

Model used

2015 award

Number of share options

666,666

–

666,666

£1.70

2.1

£0.23

0.5 years

n/a

16.6

Monte-Carlo

The awards under this scheme were granted on September 24, 2015. The vesting period is 4 years 
from the date of grant. The award vests in the following proportion:

• 50% is conditional on the cumulative growth in Adjusted Diluted EPS being between 5% and 10% 

over the performance period, resulting in the awards vesting on a sliding scale of 20% to 100%; and

• 50% is conditional on Total Shareholder Return being between 7% and 15%, resulting in vesting on 

a sliding scale of 20% to 100%.

Participants are not entitled to receive dividends until awards have vested.

111

36

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS (CONTINUED)

Details of the share options outstanding during the year are as follows.

Outstanding at beginning of the year

Granted during the period

Outstanding at the end of the year

The key inputs used to value the options are:

Share price at date of grant

Expected life (years)

Fair value per award

Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)

Dividend yield (%)

Expected volatility of share price (%)

Model used

Number of share options

–

143,732

143,732

EPS Portion

TSR Portion

£2.09

4

£1.78

3.67

3.97

n/a

£2.09

4

£1.07

3.67

3.97

19.0

Dividend discount

Monte-Carlo

112 COMPANY BALANCE SHEET AT DECEMBER 31, 2015

Fixed assets 

Investments 

Current assets

Cash at bank and in hand

Current liabilities

Notes

3

2015
$000

8,444

8,444

2014
$000

12,060

12,060

–

–

Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

5

(20,992)

(19,565)

Net current liabilities

Net liabilities

Capital and reserves

Called up share capital

Treasury stock

Reserves – Paid in surplus

– Profit and loss

Shareholders’ deficit

6

6

(20,992)

(19,565)

(12,548)

(7,505)

2,045

(634)

33,764

(47,723)

2,045

(634)

33,764

(42,680)

(12,548)

(7,505)

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on March 30, 2016. 
They were signed on its behalf by

M. D. Connole 
Director 
March 30, 2016

 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY  
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015

113

Balance at December 31, 2013  
and January 1, 2014

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income

Foreign exchange translation differences

Total comprehensive income for the year

Transactions with owners

Dividends to shareholders

Balance at December 31, 2014  
and December 31, 2014

Loss for the year

Other comprehensive income

Foreign exchange translation differences

Total comprehensive income for the year

Transactions with owners

Dividends to shareholders

Share based payments

Share capital 
$000 

Paid in surplus
$000 

Treasury stock  
$000 

Retained 
earnings
$000 

Equity 
attributable to 
owners 
$000 

2,045

33,764

(634)

(40,578)

(5,403)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

465

465

(2,567)

2,045

33,764

(634)

(42,680)

–

465

465

(2,567)

(7,505)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

(3,802)

(3,802)

1,075

1,075

1,075

1,075

(2,502)

(2,502)

186

186

Balance at December 31, 2015

2,045

33,764

(634)

(47,723)

(12,548)

114 NOTES TO COMPANY BALANCE SHEET AT DECEMBER 31, 2015

1

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The separate financial statements of the Company 
are presented and have been prepared in accordance 
with Financial Reporting Standard 102 (FRS 102) 
issued by the Financial Reporting Council. These 
financial statements present information for the 
Company, not about its Group, which is presented 
on pages 71 to 111.

BASIS OF PREPARATION

The financial statements have been prepared in 
accordance with applicable accounting standards 
and under the historical cost accounting rules 
modified to include certain items as fair value 
and in accordance with FRS 102. FRS 102 was 
adopted from 1 January 2015. No adjustments were 
required and no restatements of prior year figures 
were necessary. The financial statements have 
been prepared using the going concern basis, as 
discussed in the Group going concern disclosure 
on page 76.

ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The following accounting policies have been 
applied consistently in dealing with items  
which are considered material in relation to  
the financial statements.

The functional currency of the company is 
Pounds Sterling, with the parent company 
accounts presented in US Dollars.

INVESTMENTS

Investments in subsidiaries are stated at cost less, 
where appropriate, provisions for impairment.

CREDITORS

Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings are 
initially recognised at fair value, and subsequently 
measured at amortised cost using the effective 
interest method.

SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

The Group issues equity settled share-based 
payments to certain employees. Equity settled 
share-based payments are measured at fair value 
at the date of grant. The fair value, determined 
at the grant date, of equity settled share–based 
payments is expensed on a straight line basis over 
the vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate 
of shares that will eventually vest.

The fair value of employee share option grants is 
calculated using a Monte Carlo model, taking into 
account the terms and conditions upon which the 
options were granted. The value of the charge is 
adjusted to reflect expected and actual levels of 
options vesting. Further detail is set out in Note 36.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

There were no cash transactions during the  
year and accordingly no cash flow statement  
has been presented.

115

2

LOSS ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY

The loss for the financial year dealt with in the 
financial statements of the parent company was 
$3,802,000 (2014: $nil). No separate profit and 
loss account is presented in respect of the parent 
company as permitted by section 408 of the 
Companies Act 2006.

3

INVESTMENTS

At January 1, 2015

Amounts written off during year

At December 31, 2015

$000

12,060

(3,616)

8,444

FOREIGN CURRENCIES

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated 
at the foreign exchange rate ruling at the date of 
the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies at the balance 
sheet date are translated at the exchange rate 
ruling at that date with any exchange differences 
arising on retranslation being recognised in the 
income statement.

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, 
including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising 
on consolidation, are translated into US Dollars at 
exchange rates ruling at the balance sheet date. 
The revenues and expenses of foreign operations 
are translated into US Dollars at average annual 
exchange rates. Foreign exchange differences 
arising on retranslation are charged or credited to 
other comprehensive income and are recognised 
in the currency translation reserve in equity. 
On disposal of a foreign operation, the related 
cumulative translation differences recognised in 
equity are reclassified to profit or loss and are 
recognised as part of the gain or loss on disposal.

FINANCIAL GUARANTEE CONTRACTS

Where the Company enters into financial 
guarantee contracts to guarantee the indebtedness 
of other companies within its group, the Company 
considers these to be insurance arrangements, 
and accounts for them as such. In this respect, 
the Company treats the guarantee contract as a 
contingent liability until such time as it becomes 
probable that the Company will be required to 
make a payment under the guarantee.

 
116

4

SUBSIDIARIES

TRADING COMPANIES

Name 

Place and date 
of incorporation 

Issued and fully paid  
share capital 

Percentage 
held

Segment

Books & Gifts Direct (Pty) 

Australia 

100,004 shares of A$1 each 

100 

Books & Gifts Direct, ANZ

Limited

3 December, 1990

Books & Gifts Direct Limited New Zealand 

400,000 shares of NZ$1 each 

100* 

Books & Gifts Direct, ANZ

27 September, 1996

Quarto Publishing plc 

United Kingdom 

100,000 shares of £1 each 

100* 

Quarto International 

Quarto, Inc. 

RotoVision S.A. 

1 April, 1976

Delaware, USA 

16 October, 1986

Switzerland 

18 July, 1977

Co-Editions Group

86 shares of no par value 

100* 

Quarto International 

Co-Editions Group

1,500 shares of SFr500 each 

100* 

Quarto International 

Co-Editions Group

Global Book Publishing  

Australia 

1,000 shares of A$1 each 

100* 

Quarto International 

Pty. Limited

4 November, 1999

Co-Editions Group

Apple Press Limited 

United Kingdom

100 shares of £1 each 

100 

Quarto International 

5 June, 1984

Co-Editions Group

Small World Creations

United Kingdom

1,536 share of £1 each

100 

Quarto International 

Limited

20 September, 1997

Co-Editions Group

Lewes Holdings Limited

United Kingdom 

20,840 shares of £0.01 each

100

Quarto International 

21 July, 2005

Co-Editions Group

Aurum Press Limited 

United Kingdom 

382,502 shares of £1 each

100 

Quarto Publishing 

31 May, 1977

Group UK

Jacqui Small LLP 

United Kingdom 

100 units 

100 

Quarto Publishing  

6 November, 1998

Group UK

Frances Lincoln Limited 

United Kingdom 

565,000 shares of 10p each 

100 

Quarto Publishing 

15 December, 1980

Group UK

Quarto Publishing  

Delaware, USA  

380 shares of US$0.01 each 

100 

Quarto Publishing 

Group USA Inc.

28 June, 2004

Group USA

Regent Publishing  

Hong Kong  

1,000 shares of HK$10 each 

75 

Quarto HK

Services Limited

23 October, 1985

*  Directly held by The Quarto Group, Inc.

117

DORMANT COMPANIES

Name 

Place and date of incorporation 

Issued  
share capital 

Percentage 
held

AP Screen Printers Limited

United Kingdom – 30 September, 1980 1000 shares of £1 each 

Cartographica Press Limited

United Kingdom – 27 July, 1981

1000 shares of £1 each 

Design Eye Holdings Limited

United Kingdom – 22 June, 1992

200 shares of £1 each 

Design Eye Limited

United Kingdom – 18 March, 1988

100 shares of £1 each 

Design Eye Publishing Limited

United Kingdom – 17 June, 1992

2 shares of £1 each 

Fine Wine Editions Limited

United Kingdom – 23 June, 1949

9020 shares of £1 each 

Frances Lincoln Publishers Limited

United Kingdom – 11 March, 1987

100 shares of £1 each 

Great American Trading Company Limited (THE) United Kingdom – 24 February, 1982

100 shares of £1 each 

Global Book Publishing Pty Limited

United Kingdom – 7 July, 1986

1000 shares of £1 each 

IQON Editions Limited

iqu-digital.com Limited

JR Books Limited

Marshall Editions Limited

Marshall Publishing Limited

Quarto Magazines Limited

United Kingdom – 5 December, 1972

300 shares of £1 each 

United Kingdom – 30 November, 1978

100 shares of £1 each

United Kingdom – 9 September, 1986

43 004 shares of £1 each 

United Kingdom – 7 February, 2002

1 shares of £1 each 

United Kingdom – 7 February, 2002

1 shares of £1 each 

United Kingdom – 20 May, 1986

1000 shares of £1 each 

Quarto Children's Books Limited

United Kingdom – 6 January, 1976

2 shares of £1 each

QED Publishing Limited

Quantum Books Limited

United Kingdom – 12 November, 1974

400 shares of £1 each

United Kingdom – 7 February, 1983

100 shares of £1 each

Quarto Multi-Media Limited

United Kingdom – 14 December, 1984

1000 shares of £1 each

QU:ID Publishing Limited

Quill Publishing Limited

United Kingdom – 30 September, 1980

100 shares of £1 each

United Kingdom – 14 May, 1979

1000 shares of £1 each

Quintessence Editions Limited

United Kingdom – 7 February, 2002

1 shares of £1 each

Quintet Publishing Limited

QEB Publishing Limited

Quarto Media Inc

Quarto Marketing Inc

EYE Quarto Inc

United Kingdom – 14 May, 1979

100 shares of £1 each

Delaware, USA – 27 April, 2004

1500 shares of no par value

Delaware, USA – 10 December, 2010

1000 shares of $1 each

Delaware, USA – 26 April, 1995

3000 shares of no par value

Delaware, USA – 19 December, 2002

1000 shares of no par value

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100

100 

100

100 

100 

100 

100 

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

118

5

CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR

Amounts owed to subsidiary undertakings 

2015
$000

20,992

2014
$000

19,565

6

CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL AND TREASURY STOCK

Details of called up share capital and treasury stock are set out in Notes 24 to 25 of the consolidated 
financial statements.

7

CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

The Quarto Group, Inc. has issued guarantees in respect of bank loans of subsidiaries of $84,562,000 
(2014: $89,150,000). Refer to Note 18.

8

RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURE

The company borrowed an amount of $2,511,000 from its wholly owned subsidiary, Quarto Publishing plc, 
during the year (2014: $2,567,000 borrowed in the year). The balance on the loan at December 31, 2015 was 
$14,995,000 (2014: $13,255,000).

 
FIVE YEAR SUMMARY

119

Results

Revenue

2015
$000

2014*
$000

2013*
$000

2012*
$000

2011*
$000

182,165

171,339

175,481

180,632

185,937

Operating profit before amortisation  
of acquired intangibles and exceptional items

17,206

15,919

14,565

14,986

14,594

Operating profit 

16,037

15,982

10,726

12,962

12,570

Profit before tax, amortisation of acquired 
intangible assets and exceptional items

Profit before tax 

Profit after tax

Assets employed

Non-current assets 

Current assets 

Current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities

Net assets

Financed by

Equity

Non-controlling interests

Key statistics (cents)

Basic

Diluted

Adjusted basic

Adjusted diluted

14,108

11,942

9,294

9,034

10,844

12,939

9,254

12,005

9,083

5,455

3,761

7,010

5,124

9,315

7,681

104,433

102,416

102,364

106,537

105,452

108,369

99,701

97,907

106,157

117,482

(70,635)

(144,918)

(70,485)

(67,002)

(137,898)

(87,127)

(6,464)

(83,776)

(98,019)

(41,608)

55,040

50,735

46,010

47,673

43,428

49,881

45,794

5,159

4,941

41,201

4,809

40,726

6,947

36,741

6,687

55,040

50,735

46,010

47,673

43,428

 45.0 

 44.9 

 49.9 

 49.8

 44.5 

 44.5 

 44.1 

 44.1 

 17.0 

 17.0 

 36.1 

 36.1 

 23.9 

 23.9 

 41.6 

 41.6 

 36.8 

 36.8 

 43.6 

 43.6 

* Restated for prior year adjustments as set out in Note 35.

 
120

OFFICERS & PROFESSIONAL ADVISERS

DIRECTORS

Timothy Chadwick (Non-executive Chairman)  
Robert Morley (Deputy Chairman) 
Marcus Leaver (CEO) 
Michael Connole, FCA (CFO) 
Jess Burley (Non-executive) 
Michael Hartley (Non-executive) 
Christopher Mills (Non-executive)

REGISTRARS AND  
TRANSFER OFFICE

Capita Asset Services 
The Registry 
34 Beckenham Road 
Beckenham  
Kent BR3 4TU

PRINCIPAL BANKERS

Bank of America Corporation 
100 Federal Street 
Boston MA 02110 USA

Fifth Third Bank 
38 Fountain Square Plaza 
MD 109055 Cincinatti 
OH 45263 USA

Santander UK plc 
4th Floor Santander House 
100 Ludgate Hill 
London EC4M 7RE

The Royal Bank of Scotland plc 
280 Bishopsgate 
London EC2M 4RB

COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER

FC0 13814

SECRETARY

Clive Potterell, ACIS

PRINCIPAL OFFICE

The Old Brewery  
6 Blundell Street 
London N7 9BH  
Tel: +44 (0) 7700 6700

STOCKBROKERS

Stockdale Securities Limited 
Beaufort House 
15 St Botolph Street 
London EC3A 7BB

AUDITOR

Deloitte LLP 
2 New Street Square  
London EC4A 3BZ

SOLICITORS

Olswang LLP 
90 High Holborn 
London WC1V 6XX

SHERRY ANISI 
Contracts & Licensing 
Assistant

The Easy Vegetarian Kitchen 
Fair Winds Press

WHERE TO FIND US

The Quarto Group, Inc
+44 20 7700 9004

Marcus Leaver, CEO  
E marcus.leaver@quarto.com 

Michael Connole, CFO  
E michael.connole@quarto.com

The Old Brewery, 6 Blundell Street, London, N7 9BH

www.quarto.com  

Twitter: @TheQuartoGroup

AMY YODANIS  
VP/Marketing Director

Cicchetti 
Jacqui Small

MICHELLE FAULKNER 
Editorial Director

The Art Of The Snowflake 
Voyageur Press

ALAN BROWN 
Design Manager

Cars: A Complete History 
Quarto Children’s Books

JAMES CAREY 
Director of Publishing 
Operations, UK

Actual Size 
Frances Lincoln Children’s Books

AGATA RADKIEWICZ 
Foreign Rights Manager

Doodling For Cat People 
Walter Foster

ISHEETA MUSTAFI 
Editorial Director

Braids, Buns And Twists! 
RotoVision

#WEAREBOOKS  
#WEAREPEOPLE
#WEAREQUARTO

BRAD SPRINGER  
Senior Art Director

The Doors 
Voyageur Press 

JENNY BROOM 
Editorial Director

Amazing Grace 
Frances Lincoln  
Children’s Books

RAGE KINDELSPERGER  
Editorial Director,  
Gifts & Stationery

Papercut 
Rockport Publishers