Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Asset Management / The Westaim Corporation

The Westaim Corporation

wed · TSX-V Financial Services
Claim this profile
Ticker wed
Exchange TSX-V
Sector Financial Services
Industry Asset Management
Employees 1-10
← All annual reports
FY2019 Annual Report · The Westaim Corporation
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
THE WESTAIM CORPORATION 

ANNUAL REPORT 2019 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE WESTAIM CORPORATION 

ANNUAL REPORT 2019 

Contents 

Letter to Shareholders 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

Management’s Responsibility for Financial Information 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Financial Statements 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Board of Directors 

Shareholder and Corporate Information 

1 

8 

45 

46 

49 

53 

74 

74 

All currency amounts are in United States dollars, unless otherwise indicated.  

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dear Shareholders, 

LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS 

Dear Fellow Shareholder:    

The Westaim Corporation (“Westaim” or the “Company”) continues to execute on our stated goal of partnering with and building 
profitable and sustainable businesses with aligned management teams, and we enter 2020 well positioned for continued growth.   

As a measure of Westaim’s performance, internally we have historically looked at the growth in fully diluted book value per share 
(“FDBVPS”) as a reasonable measure.  Naturally the startup of the Arena Group and the significant initial investments that we 
have made to put this business in a position to scale impacted the short term growth of our FDBVPS, especially in the initial 
startup phase from Q3 2015 – Q4 2016 (when Arena as a group turned profitable for the first time).  The following chart shows 
FDBVPS and Westaim’s share price quarterly since Q2 2014: 

- 1 - 

FDBVPSFDBVPSShare PriceShare Price(US$)(C$)(US$)(C$)2014 - Q2$2.00$2.13$3.00$3.202014 - Q3(1)2.36                           2.64                           2.68                           3.00                           2014 - Q42.34                           2.71                           2.63                           3.05                           2015 - Q12.33                           2.95                           2.65                           3.36                           2015 - Q22.33                           2.91                           2.61                           3.26                           2015 - Q3(2)2.31                           3.09                           2.09                           2.80                           2015 - Q42.27                           3.14                           1.97                           2.73                           2016 - Q12.28                           2.96                           2.08                           2.70                           2016 - Q22.24                           2.91                           1.99                           2.59                           2016 - Q32.22                           2.91                           2.06                           2.70                           2016 - Q4(3)2.21                           2.97                           2.09                           2.80                           2017 - Q12.23                           2.97                           2.01                           2.68                           2017 - Q22.24                           2.91                           2.45                           3.17                           2017 - Q32.27                           2.83                           2.39                           2.98                           2017 - Q4(4)2.33                           2.92                           2.48                           3.11                           2018 - Q12.35                           3.03                           2.20                           2.83                           2018 - Q22.37                           3.12                           2.45                           3.22                           2018 - Q32.40                           3.10                           2.48                           3.21                           2018 - Q42.42                           3.30                           1.89                           2.58                           2019 - Q12.49                           3.33                           1.92                           2.57                           2019 - Q22.55                           3.34                           2.03                           2.65                           2019 - Q32.56                           3.39                           1.89                           2.50                           2019 - Q42.48                           3.22                           2.04                           2.65                           H2 201417.2%27.4%-12.3%-4.7%FY 2015-3.0%15.7%-25.0%-10.5%FY 2016-2.6%-5.5%5.7%2.6%FY 20175.4%-1.5%18.9%11.1%FY 20183.9%13.0%-23.8%-17.0%FY 20192.5%-2.5%7.9%2.7%CAGR Since Q2 20144.0%7.8%-6.8%-3.4%Notes:(1) Closed equity capital raise to complete HIIG acquisition at C$2.65 per share.(2) Closed equity capital raise to fund Arena business at C$3.25 per share.(3) Arena Group turns earnings positive; HIIG completes restructuring of its claims department.(4) Valuation of HIIG increased from 1.0x ABVPS to 1.1x ABVPS at December 31, 2017. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In chart form, you can visually see the progression of FDBVPS over this period: 

As can clearly be seen in the table and chart above, Westaim has been successful in growing FDBVPS in US$ for each quarter 
since the end of 2016, with the notable exception of Q4 2019.  In early 2020, Houston International Insurance Group, Ltd. (“HIIG”) 
signed a commitment letter in respect of a loss portfolio transfer (“LPT”) transaction (described below under the HIIG Section), 
which is designed to mitigate the potential impact of adverse development on prior period loss and loss adjustment expense 
(“LAE”) reserves.  This LPT transaction will result in an after-tax charge expected to be $34.3 million for HIIG when it closes, which 
is expected to be in the first half of 2020.  Westaim reflected its share of the expected cost of the LPT in its valuation of HIIG as 
at December 31, 2019, which impacted our FDBVPS growth in the quarter.  For the full year 2019, FDBPVS growth in US$ grew 
by 2.5% despite this charge. 

Below is a report card on the performance of each of our businesses in 2019, and their market positioning entering 2020 and 
beyond. 

HIIG 

HIIG achieved solid results for the year ended December 31, 2019.  Highlights included: 

  Gross written premiums were $878.3 million compared to $696.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase 
of  26%.    The  Company  experienced  growth  in  premiums  across  all  segments,  particularly  its  commercial  and  specialty 
segments. 

  Net written premiums were $421.7 million compared to $300.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of 
40%.  This growth was due to the growth in gross written premiums in all segments, combined with an overall increase in net 
premium retention by the Company. 

- 2 - 

   BVPS Share Price US$ CAGR Since Q2 2014   4.0% -6.8% C$ CAGR Since Q2 2014   7.8% -3.4%   1.60 1.80 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 2.80Mar-14Jun-14Sep-14Dec-14Mar-15Jun-15Sep-15Dec-15Mar-16Jun-16Sep-16Dec-16Mar-17Jun-17Sep-17Dec-17Mar-18Jun-18Sep-18Dec-18Mar-19Jun-19Sep-19Dec-19Mar-200.4x0.6x0.8x1.0x1.2x1.4x1.6xBVPS (US$)P/BVPS 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Underwriting performance, as measured by the Company’s combined ratio, was 98.4% for the year ended December 31, 2019 
compared to 99.5% in the prior year.  While an overall improvement from 2018, the Company continued to experience adverse 
development of prior period loss and LAE claims reserves of $13.9 million pre-tax in 2019 versus $5.8 million in 2018. 

  HIIG’s investment portfolio achieved excellent performance in 2019, producing a 7.6%1 pre-tax Total Return including both 
realized and unrealized gains.  This return was assisted by a non-recurring gain on a strategic investment of approximately 
$9.3 million pre-tax.  Excluding this gain, the total return would have been 6.3%1.  Asset allocation as at December 31, 2019 
(excluding restricted cash), reflected a barbell portfolio with a high weighting in short term, high quality fixed income securities 
(34%) and cash and short term investments (40%), combined with a small equity and strategic investments allocation (11%) 
and an allocation to Arena Investors (15%).  Overall, the portfolio entered 2020 with a very short duration.  HIIG retains an 
independent investment advisory firm to provide manager, performance and capital efficiency analysis. 

  Net income after-tax was $32.3 million compared to $20.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018.  This net income, 
combined with unrealized gains on HIIG’s fixed income portfolio recorded under other comprehensive income, resulted in 
stockholders’ equity growing to $370.2 million at the end of the year, an increase of 12% from $329.9 million as at December 
31, 2018. 

During 2018, the property and casualty insurance industry began to experience hardening market conditions with both pricing and 
terms  strengthening.    We  believe  that  HIIG  began  to  meaningfully  benefit  from  these  improved  conditions  in  2019,  and  is 
positioned to continue to do so moving forward.  Earlier this year, Marsh Global Analytics stated that global commercial insurance 
prices have increased for nine consecutive quarters with the fourth quarter of 2019 increasing 10.6%, the largest year-over-year 
increase since 2012.  

With the backdrop of favorable insurance industry conditions, in early 2020 the HIIG board of directors approved two transactions 
designed to put HIIG in the best possible position to take advantage of current opportunities,  improve its solid financial position 
and allow for the continued profitable growth of its business.  These transactions include: 

  LPT Transaction:  HIIG has been evaluating the prospect of an LPT transaction to help minimize future prior period adverse 
loss  and  LAE  reserve development.    An  LPT  transaction is  typically  designed  to mitigate  the  potential  impact  of  adverse 
development of prior period loss and LAE reserves.  In February 2020, HIIG entered into a commitment letter for an LPT 
transaction with respect to claims reserves for certain divisions, primarily related to 2017 and prior policy years.  The closing 
of the LPT is subject to regulatory approval and is currently expected in the second quarter of 2020.  HIIG is expected to record 
an expense of $34.3 million after-tax in the first half of 2020.  Westaim’s share of this charge was reflected in Westaim’s Q4 
2019 valuation of HIIG. 

  Rights Offering: In March 2020, HIIG’s board of directors approved a rights offering designed to raise up to $100 million 
exclusively from existing direct and indirect shareholders to subscribe on a pro rata basis for Series A Convertible Preferred 
Shares that will be convertible at the option of the holder into HIIG common shares. The Preferred Shares will be convertible 
into HIIG common shares at a conversion price of $1.74 and will be subject to adjustment from time-to-time based on the 
occurrence of certain events. Westaim plans to subscribe for Preferred Shares to the extent of our pro rata ownership of HIIG 
common shares of 44%, or approximately $44 million.  Additional details regarding the rights offering are included in the notes 
to our audited financial statements enclosed herein and available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

As the world has become rapidly aware in March 2020, the onset of COVID-19 has caused considerable angst in the global 
community and its potential economic impact has caused high levels of volatility in world financial markets.  After a considered 
review, HIIG does not believe it has material exposure to the impacts of the pandemic under the policies of insurance it currently 
has in force.  However, particularly in March 2020, considerable volatility experienced in the global financial markets has resulted 
in unrealized losses on the public equity securities portion of HIIG’s investment portfolio, which portfolio represented approximately 

1 Total Return is equal to the aggregate of net investment income, net unrealized gains on equity securities, net realized (losses) gains, and a 
gain on strategic investment less investment related expenses divided by the quarterly average investment portfolio outstanding for the period. 
- 3 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
9% of the total investment portfolio as at December 31, 2019.  These unrealized losses are expected to impact HIIG’s reported 
net income (loss) for the 2020 fiscal  year, unless a recovery in the equity markets, and particularly HIIG’s portfolio of equity 
securities, is experienced during the remainder of the year.  It is HIIG’s strategy and intention to hold and measure its  equity 
investments over the long term in accordance with its investment strategy. 

Arena Group 

The Arena Group is primarily comprised of two different investments: (i) Arena Investors, LP (“Arena”) which is a U.S. based 
global  investment  manager  focused  on  credit-oriented  opportunities;  and  (ii)  the  Arena  FINCOs,  representing  Westaim’s 
proprietary capital invested using Arena’s investment strategy. 

Arena FINCOs 

Westaim’s proprietary capital of approximately $205.8 million as at December 31, 2019 which is held within the Arena FINCOs 
achieved overall gross returns (before fees, interest, expenses and income taxes) of approximately 11.5% in 2019 (13.0% in 
2018)2.  Returns net of interest, fees and other operating expenses, but before income taxes, were approximately 7.0% in 2019 
(8.1% for 2018)2. 

Arena Investors 

Arena’s team of experienced professionals continues to build their business with specialized skills and strong sourcing capabilities 
that all contribute to Arena’s unique performance.   In keeping with prior years, the 2019 core portfolio was highly diversified, non-
correlated, loan-to-value of 66% (or less), with tight covenants, an average remaining duration of 2 years and an average coupon 
of 13%.  This performance consistency (with minimal leverage) is reflected in the 2019 results noted above. 

Summary of Arena’s Firm-wide Core Holdings at December 31, 2019 (1) 

# Positions 

Top Attachment 
Point(2) 

Current LTV 

Coupon 

Average Remaining 
Duration(3) 

Corporate Private Credit 

Real Estate Private Credit 

Commercial  
& Industrial Assets 

Structured Finance 

Consumer Assets 

28 

29 

21 

5 

18 

Weighted Average/Total 

101 

13% 

5% 

1% 

13% 

0% 

6% 

66% 

66% 

11.3% 

11.5% 

2.3 years 

1.0 years 

60% 

16.2% 

1.7 years 

74% 

76% 

66% 

14.4% 

15.3% 

13% 

2.5 years 

3.0 years 

2.0 years 

2 Gross Returns are calculated and compounded monthly and include the aggregate of investment income, gains (losses) on investments, and 
deal expenses (“Gross Income”) divided by the beginning of month net assets (adjusted for any intra month dividends which are prorated for 
the number of days excluded from net assets during the month) for the Arena FINCOs (“Adjusted Net Assets”).  Net Returns, also calculated 
and compounded monthly, include Gross Income less interest expense, fees, and other operating expenses of the Arena FINCOs divided by 
the Adjusted Net Assets for the Arena FINCOs. 

- 4 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                           
Summary of Exited Holdings since Arena’s launch in October 2015 

# Positions 

Top Attachment 
Point(2) 

Closing 
LTV 

Coupon 

Average Loan Term(4) 

Corporate Private Credit 

Real Estate Private Credit 

Commercial  
& Industrial Assets 

Structured Finance 

Consumer Assets 

Weighted  Average/Total 

29 

21 

15 

5 

4 

74 

4% 

5% 

39% 

56% 

11.9% 

12.3% 

1.3 years 

1.2 years 

10% 

74% 

13.8% 

1.5 years 

0% 

0% 

5% 

57% 

56% 

52% 

13.5% 

14.4% 

12.6% 

1.4 years 

1.6 years 

1.4 years 

(1) 

Portfolio characteristics summarize privately negotiated illiquid investments currently or previously held by Arena’s core strategy as of December 31, 2019. In addition, Arena has invested 
in liquid investments including convertible structured investments summarized as "Corporate Securities" and other illiquid investments in Arena’s income strategy which are not listed herein. 
Top Attachment Point refers to the highest average dollar-weighted position with respect to each borrower’s capital structure for each investment position. 

(2) 
(3)  Weighted average remaining duration is calculated on applicable investments. For those investments that do not allow for a traditional duration calculation (for reasons that include, but are 

not limited to, irregular cash flows, additional fundings, no stated maturity date, etc.), this value represents expected remaining weighted average life. 
Average loan term refers to the weighted average time between the funding date and exit date in years. 

(4) 

It is always pleasant to be recognized by your industry peers and on February 12, 2020, Alt Credit Fund Intelligence US Awards 
awarded the Arena Special Opportunities Fund, LP an investment fund managed by Arena, the Best Distressed Credit / Special 
Situations Award.  This is the third major industry award for Arena in as many years. 

Defining Arena’s competitive advantage can be described in three distinct categories: 

1.  Mandate flexibility which allows the asset-backed credit portfolio to be uncorrelated and highly diversified by industry, strategy 

and geography. 

2.  Sourcing ability which produces a “pipeline” that is deep and vast.  As highlighted in the diagram below, in 2019, Arena’s 
investment team reviewed ~10,000+ potential investments from around the globe, across all sectors, eventually funding 76. 

3.  Proprietary IT system which provides a highly systematic advantage to administer credit positions for evaluation, ongoing 

monitoring, control and audit. 

- 5 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arena’s committed assets under management (“AUM”), $1.3 billion as of December 31, 2019, continue to grow as does their 
pipeline of possible and interested new investors.  Parag Shah and his team have materially improved Arena’s communication 
and increased the profile of the firm through a variety of publications, conferences, media events, speaking engagements and 
industry awards.  Bulleted below are a few examples where Arena was publicly featured in 2019 all contributing to expanding the 
firms awareness and unique skill sets. 

  Financial Times 
  Absolute Return  
  Kayo Conference – Women’s Energy Summit Alternative Sources of Capital 
  Bloomberg TV – US, Asia, Europe 
  White Paper:  This Time Is Different, but It Will End the Same Way 
  Institutional Investor 
  Grant’s Interest Rate Observer 
  Alt Credit Interview 
  Private Debt Investor 
  The Journal of Fixed Income 
  Bloomberg Businessweek 
  AIMA Conference 
  Forbes 30 Under 30 
   
The global volatility of Q1 2020 has occurred incredibly quickly and can be unsettling.  It is worthwhile to refresh a few common 
themes and to address how Arena is positioned and executing.    

Arena has from its start been a “global chaser of illiquidity”.  They are not a middle market fund, a collateralized loan obligation 
(“CLO”) or a business development company.  Arena originates credit situations where they can take process risk  – not value 
risk.  They are a dedicated, focused team based in New York City and London, UK, with offices in San Francisco and Melbourne, 
Australia  and  a  recently  opened  Jacksonville,  Florida  office  focusing  on  asset  surveillance  and  operations,  as  well  as 
approximately 40 exclusive joint venture relationships. 

Over the last several years, Arena was not involved in many of the investment crazes that morphed into fashionable credit and 
investment bubbles – whether they are geared toward retail customers (bitcoin, opportunity zones, cannabis) or institutions (middle 
market corporate private lending, CLO equity, marketplace loan buying).  Arena maintains a diversified portfolio of assets and 
loans  where  they  are  generally  first  in  the  capital  stack,  short  duration  (typically  around  two  years)  and  charging  rates  that 
represent as great a percentage of the cash flow or value of an asset as they can negotiate – typically a targeted 17-18% base 
case gross underwritten IRR at inception. 

- 6 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Is Arena or anybody fully impervious to a situation like that through which we are currently passing?  Of course not.  And Arena 
may end up owning a few more companies and assets to which they originally lent, and they will do so without being gratuitous 
or overtly aggressive. 

Dan Zwirn said to many of us going back a few years:  “There’s a storm coming, and we are building an ark”.  Importantly, 
Arena has taken no macro view, have not invested in situations that require a “greater fool” to take them out, have little 
financing recourse or otherwise, has 100% of its capital fully asset-liability matched, and is open for business – as usual. 

****************************************************** 

As we publish this Annual Letter in March 2020, the significant global market volatility has heightened concerns among all business 
owners and their stakeholders.   Westaim believes that on balance, HIIG and Arena are well-positioned and we are not aware of 
any material issues or concerns.  The global response to COVID-19 is unprecedented with economic consequences that will 
certainly affect us all, with circumstances constantly changing.  We will update our views if and when appropriate. 

Westaim remains of the view that as HIIG and Arena continue to build and strive to achieve continued profitable growth, this 
should provide Westaim options to deploy capital, options which could include share buybacks and/or dividends.  To be clear, we 
review and consider the attractiveness of these options on a continual basis as we focus on building the business over the long 
term. 

Yours truly, 

J. Cameron MacDonald 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

- 7 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

TABLE OF CONTENTS  

1. 

THE COMPANY 

2.  OVERVIEW OF PERFORMANCE 

3. 

4. 

INVESTMENTS 

FINANCING 

5.  ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RESULTS 

6.  ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

7.  OUTLOOK 

8. 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 

9.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

10.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS 

11.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENTLY ADOPTED AND PENDING ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 

12.  QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

13.  RISKS 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES 

15.  NON-GAAP MEASURES 

16.  CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FUTURE ORIENTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

The “Company” in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) refers to The Westaim Corporation (“Westaim”) on a consolidated basis.  This 
MD&A, which has been approved by the Board of Directors of Westaim, should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited annual consolidated 
financial statements including notes for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 as set out on pages 49 to 73 of this annual report.  Financial data 
in this MD&A has been derived from the  audited annual consolidated financial statements for the  years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018  and is 
intended to enable the reader to assess the Company’s results of operations for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019 and financial 
condition as at December 31, 2019.  The Company reports its consolidated financial statements using accounting policies consistent with International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”).    All  currency  amounts  are  in  United  States  dollars  (“US$”),  the  functional  and  presentation  currency  of  the 
Company, except per share data, unless otherwise indicated.  Canadian dollars are referenced as C$. The following commentary is current as of March 
26,  2020.    Additional  information  relating  to  the  Company  is  available  on  SEDAR  at  www.sedar.com.    Certain  comparative  figures  have  been 
reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current year, and certain totals, subtotals and percentages may not reconcile due to rounding.   

During the fourth quarter of 2019, management moved investments in ASOF LP (hereinafter defined) from other assets to investments and reduced the 
number of businesses reported under the Arena Group  (hereinafter defined) to Arena Investors (hereinafter defined) and Arena FINCOs (hereinafter 
defined) to simplify and improve the comparability of investment results. Comparative figures have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of 
the current period. See Section 3, Investments of this MD&A 

IFRS for Investment Entities 
The Company qualifies as an investment entity under IFRS and uses fair value as the key measure to monitor and evaluate its primary investments.  
The Company reports its financial results in accordance with IFRS applicable to investment entities. 

Functional and Presentation Currency 
The  US$  is  the  functional  and  presentation  currency  of  the  Company.    International  Accounting  Standard  21  “The  Effects  of  Changes  in  Foreign 
Exchange Rates” describes functional currency as the currency of the primary economic environment in which an entity operates.  A significant majority 
of the Company’s revenues and costs are earned and incurred in US$, respectively. 

Non-GAAP Measures 
The  Company  uses  both  IFRS  and  non-generally  accepted  accounting  principles  (“non-GAAP”)  measures  to  assess  performance.    The  Company 
cautions  readers  about  non-GAAP  measures  that  do  not  have  a  standardized  meaning  under  IFRS  and  are  unlikely  to  be  comparable  to  similar 
measures  used  by  other  companies.    Management  believes  these  measures  allow  for  a  more  complete  understanding  of  the  underlying  business.  
These measures are used to monitor the Company's results and should not be viewed as a substitute for those determined in accordance with IFRS.  
Reconciliations of such measures to the most comparable IFRS figures are contained in Section 15, Non-GAAP Measures of this MD&A. 

- 8 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

Cautionary Statement Regarding the Valuation of Investments in Private Entities 
In the absence of an active market for its investments in private entities, fair values for these investments are determined  by management using the 
appropriate  valuation  methodologies  after  considering  the  history  and  nature  of  the  business,  operating  results  and  financial  conditions,  outlook and 
prospects,  general  economic,  industry  and  market  conditions,  capital  market  and  transaction  market  conditions,  contractual  rights  relating  to  the 
investment, public market comparables,  net asset value, discounted cash flow analysis, comparable recent  arm’s length transactions,  private market 
transaction  multiples  and,  where  applicable,  other  pertinent  considerations.  The  process  of  valuing  investments  for  which  no  active  market  exists  is 
inevitably based on inherent uncertainties and the resulting values may differ from values that would have been used had an active market existed. The 
amounts at which the Company's investments in private entities could be disposed of may differ from the fair value assigned and the differences could 
be material. 

Cautionary Statement Regarding Financial Information of Houston International Insurance Group, Ltd. 
Select financial information concerning Houston International Insurance Group, Ltd. (“HIIG”) (the “HIIG Financial Information”) contained in this MD&A is 
unaudited and has been derived from the annual consolidated financial statements of HIIG for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 (the “HIIG 
Statements”) which have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”).  Such statements are 
the responsibility of the management of HIIG.  The HIIG Financial Information, including any HIIG non-GAAP measures contained therein, has not been 
reconciled to IFRS and so may not be comparable to the financial information of issuers that present their financial information in accordance with IFRS. 

The  HIIG  Financial  Information  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  Company’s  historical  financial  statements  including  the  notes  thereto  and  the 
related MD&A as well as the Company’s other public filings. 

The  HIIG  Financial  Information  has  been  provided  solely  by  HIIG.    Although  Westaim  has  no  knowledge  that  would  indicate  that  any  of  the  HIIG 
Financial Information contained herein is untrue or otherwise misleading, neither Westaim nor any of its directors or officers assumes any responsibility 
for the accuracy or completeness of such information, or for any failure by HIIG to disclose to Westaim events or facts which may have occurred or 
which may affect the significance or accuracy of any such financial information but which are unknown to Westaim. 

Westaim disclaims and excludes all liability (to the extent permitted by law), for losses, claims, damages, demands, costs and expenses of whatever 
nature arising in any way out of or in connection with the HIIG Financial Information, its accuracy, completeness or by reason of reliance by any person 
on any of it. 

Cautionary Statement Regarding Financial Information of the Arena Group 
Select financial information concerning the Arena Group (as hereinafter defined) (the “Arena Financial Information”) contained in this MD&A is unaudited 
and has been derived from the annual financial statements of the Arena Group for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 which have been 
prepared in accordance with either IFRS or US GAAP.  Such statements are the responsibility of  the management of the Arena Group.  The Arena 
Financial  Information,  including  any  Arena  Group  non-GAAP  measures  contained  therein,  may  not  be  reconciled  to  IFRS  and  so  may  not  be 
comparable to the financial information of issuers that present their financial information in accordance with IFRS. 

The Arena Financial Information should be read in conjunction with the Company’s historical financial statements including the notes thereto and the 
related MD&A as well as the Company’s other public filings. 

During the fourth quarter of 2019, management consolidated the Arena Group’s financial information into Arena FINCOs (defined hereinafter) and Arena 
Investors (defined hereinafter) to simplify and improve the comparability of the Arena Group’s results. Comparative figures have been reclassified to 
conform to the presentation of the current period.  

The Arena Financial Information has been provided by the Arena Group.  Although Westaim has no knowledge that would indicate that any of the Arena 
Financial Information contained herein is untrue or otherwise misleading, neither Westaim nor any of its directors or officers assumes any responsibility 
for the accuracy or completeness of such information, or for any failure by  the Arena Group to disclose to Westaim events or facts which may have 
occurred or which may affect the significance or accuracy of any such financial information but which are unknown to Westaim. 

Westaim disclaims and excludes all liability (to the extent permitted by law), for losses, claims, damages, demands, costs and expenses of whatever 
nature arising in any way out of or in connection with the Arena Financial Information, its accuracy, completeness or by reason of reliance by any person 
on any of it. 

Future Oriented Financial Information 
This MD&A may contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.  The Company’s actual results could differ materially from these 
forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed hereinafter, and in the Company’s Annual Information Form dated 
March 26, 2020 for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 which is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.  Please refer to Section 16, Cautionary 
Note Regarding Future Oriented Financial Information of this MD&A. 

- 9 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

1. 

THE COMPANY 

The Westaim Corporation (TSXV: WED) is a Canadian investment company specializing in providing long-term capital to businesses operating 
primarily within the global financial services industry.  The Company invests, directly and indirectly, through acquisitions, joint ventures and other 
arrangements, with the objective of providing its shareholders with capital appreciation and real wealth preservation. 

Westaim’s strategy is to pursue investment opportunities with a focus towards the  global financial services industry and grow shareholder value 
over the long term.  The Company’s principal investments consist of HIIG (through Westaim HIIG Limited Partnership) and the Arena Group.  See 
discussion in Section 3, Investments of this MD&A for additional information on these investments. 

2.  OVERVIEW OF PERFORMANCE 

Highlights 
(millions except share and per share data) 

Three months ended December 31 
2018 

2019 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 

Revenue 
Net results of investments 
Net recovery of expenses (expenses)  
Income tax expense 

Profit (loss) and comprehensive income (loss)  

Earnings (loss) per share – basic  
Earnings (loss) per share – diluted 

At December 31: 
  Shareholders’ equity 
  Number of common shares outstanding 
  Book value per share - in US$ 1 
  Book value per share - in C$ 1 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

4.5 
(14.4) 
(2.2) 
(0.9) 

$ 

1.1 
2.4 
3.2 
- 

$ 

9.2 
10.2 
(9.9) 
(0.9) 

(13.0) 

$ 

6.7 

$ 

8.6 

$ 

4.5 
16.5 
(4.1) 
- 

16.9 

(0.09) 
(0.09) 

$                0.05 
$                0.04 

$ 

$ 
$ 

354.8 
143,186,718 
2.48 
3.22 

$ 

$ 
$ 

345.2 
143,186,718 
2.42 
3.30 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

0.06 
0.06 

$               0.12 
$               0.11 

354.8 
143,186,718 
2.48 
3.22 

$ 

$ 
$ 

345.2 
143,186,718 
2.42 
3.30 

1 Non-GAAP measure.  See Section 15, Non-GAAP Measures of this MD&A.  Period end exchange rates: 1.29865 at December 31, 2019 and 1.36430 at December 
31, 2018. 

Three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

The  Company  reported  a  loss  and  comprehensive  loss  of  $13.0  million  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019  (2018  -  profit  and 
comprehensive profit of $6.7 million). 

Revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2019 of $4.5 million (2018 - $1.1 million) consisted of interest income of $0.4 million (2018 - 
$0.8 million), dividend income paid to the Company from the Arena FINCOs (as hereinafter defined) of $3.8 million (2018 - $nil), and advisory fees 
of $0.3 million (2018 - $0.3 million). 

Net results of investments were a loss of $14.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 (2018 - gain of $2.4 million), consisting of 
an unrealized loss from the Company’s investments in private entities of $10.4 million less dividends paid to the Company of $3.8 million (2018 - 
gains of $1.8 million less dividends of $nil), an unrealized gain on other investments of $nil million (2018 - $0.1 million) and the Company’s share 
of loss of its associates (as hereinafter defined) of $0.2 million (2018 - profit of $0.5 million). 

Net  expenses  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019  of  $2.2  million  (2018  -  net  recovery  of  expenses  of  $3.2  million)  consisted  of 
salaries and benefits of $1.0 million (2018 - $0.9 million), general, administrative and other expenses of $0.1 million (2018 - $nil), professional fees 
of $0.2 million (2018 - $0.1 million), site restoration provision recovery of $1.4 million (2018 - provision of $0.5 million), share-based compensation 
of $0.8 million (2018 - recovery of $0.9 million), a foreign exchange loss of $0.6 million (2018 - gain of $0.8 million), interest on preferred securities 
of $0.5 million (2018 - $0.5 million) and an unrealized loss resulting from a change in the fair value of the vested Warrants (as hereinafter defined) 
of $0.4 million (2018 - gain of $3.5 million). 

The Company reported income tax expense for the three months ended December 31, 2019 of $0.9 million (2018 - $nil). 

Years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

The Company reported a profit and comprehensive income of $8.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 (2018 - $16.9 million). 

- 10 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

2.  OVERVIEW OF PERFORMANCE (continued) 

Revenue  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  of  $9.2  million  (2018  -  $4.5  million)  consisted  of  interest  income  of  $2.1  million  (2018  -  $3.1 
million), dividend income paid to the Company from the Arena FINCOs of $4.7 million (2018 - $nil) and advisory fees of $2.4 million (2018 - $1.4 
million). 

Net results of investments were a gain of $10.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 (2018 - $16.5 million), consisting of unrealized gains 
from the Company’s investments in private entities of $14.7 million less dividends paid to the Company of $4.7 million (2018 - $17.5 million less 
dividends of $nil), an unrealized gain on other investments of $0.2 million (2018 - $0.2 million) and the Company’s share of loss of its associates 
(as hereinafter defined) of $nil (2018 - $1.2 million). 

Net expenses for the year ended December 31, 2019 of $9.9 million (2018 - $4.1 million) consisted of salaries and benefits of $3.7 million (2018 - 
$3.7 million), general, administrative and other expenses of $1.0 million (2018 - $0.9 million), professional fees of $1.0 million (2018 - $0.9 million), 
site restoration provision of $0.3 million (2018 - $0.1 million), share-based compensation of $1.5 million (2018 - $1.6 million), a foreign exchange 
loss  of  $1.1  million  (2018  –  gain  of  $1.2  million),  interest  on  preferred  securities  of  $1.9  million  (2018  -  $1.9  million)  and  an  unrealized  gain 
resulting from a change in the fair value of the vested Warrants (as hereinafter defined) of $0.6 million (2018 - $3.8 million). 

The Company reported income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2019 of $0.9 million (2018 - $nil). 

3. 

INVESTMENTS 

The Company’s investments in private entities and associates are included under investments in the consolidated statements of financial position.  
The Company’s principal investments consist of its investments in HIIG (through Westaim HIIG Limited Partnership (the “HIIG Partnership”)) and 
the Arena Group, as follows: 

Investments in private entities: 
-  HIIG Partnership 
-  Arena FINCOs (as 
hereinafter defined) 

Investment in associates: 
-  Arena Investors (as 
hereinafter defined) 

Place of 
establishment 

Principal place 
of business 

Ownership interest 
as at December 31, 2019 

Ownership interest 
as at December 31, 20181 

Ontario, Canada 
Ontario, Canada/ 
Delaware, U.S.3 

Ontario, Canada 
Ontario, Canada/ 
New York, U.S.3 

62.0% owned by the Company2 
100% owned by the Company 

58.5% owned by the Company 
100% owned by the Company 

Delaware, U.S. 

New York, U.S. 

51% beneficially owned the   
Company 4 

51% beneficially owned the   
Company 4 

 1   Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 
 2    On July 1, 2019,  HIIG Partnership  units  held by certain unitholders were redeemed in accordance with the terms of the HIIG Partnership and  exchanged for 
shares of HIIG resulting in an increase in the Company’s ownership interest in the HIIG Partnership from 58.5% to 62.0% and a decrease in the HIIG Partnership’s 
ownership of HIIG shares from 75.1% to 71.0%. The Company’s indirect ownership of HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) remained unchanged at approximately 
44.0%. 

 3  In 2019, the Arena FINCOs’ Canadian entity was dissolved and two new entities were established in Delaware, U.S with the principal place of business in New 

York, U.S. 

4  Legal equity ownership is 100%, and beneficial ownership denotes profit percentage subject to change over time pursuant to the earn-in rights granted to Bernard 

Partners, LLC (“BP LLC”) described below under “Investment in the Arena Group - Arena Investors”.  

For additional information on the Company’s corporate structure, see the Company’s Annual Information Form dated March 26, 2020 for its fiscal 
year ended December 31, 2019 which is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

Houston International Insurance Group, Ltd. 

The Company indirectly owns a significant interest in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership), an Ontario limited partnership managed by Westaim 
HIIG GP Inc.  HIIG is a U.S. based diversified specialty insurance holding company that underwrites select property, casualty, surety, and accident 
and health insurance coverages through its insurance subsidiaries.  The Company’s investment in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) is recorded 
in investments in private entities included under investments in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

- 11 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3. 

INVESTMENTS (continued) 

Arena Group 

The Arena Group consists of the following businesses: 

 

 

Arena Investors – Westaim Arena Holdings II, LLC (“WAHII”), through its subsidiaries, operates as an investment manager offering clients 
access to fundamentals-based, asset-oriented credit investments. In 2018, Arena Investors included the Company’s investment in WAHII, 
ASOF-ON GP, and ASOF-OFF II GP.   Effective January 1, 2019, the Company and BP LLC, transferred their interests in ASOF-ON GP and 
ASOF-OFF II GP, respectively to WAHII.   WAHII is the sole limited partner of Arena Investors, LP, a limited partnership established under 
the laws of Delaware to carry on the third-party investment management business of the Arena Group.  The Company’s investment in Arena 
Investors is accounted for using the equity method and consists of investments in corporations or limited partnerships where the Company 
has significant influence.  

The Arena FINCOs – The Arena FINCOs include specialty finance companies that primarily purchase fundamentals-based, asset-oriented 
credit  investments  for  their  own  account  and  a  company  that  facilitates  the  origination  of  fundamentals-based,  asset-oriented  credit 
investments  for  its  own  account  and/or  possible  future  sale  to  specialty  finance  companies,  clients  of  Arena  Investors  and/or  other  third 
parties.  The Company’s investments in the Arena FINCOs are recorded as investments in private entities included under investments in the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

Arena Investors and the Arena FINCOs are collectively referred to as “Arena” or the “Arena Group”. 

The following chart illustrates a simplified organizational structure of the Arena Group: 

The  Westaim Corporation 
(“ Westaim”)  

100% 

The  Westaim Corporation of  
America 
(“ WCA”) 

51 % (1) 

Westaim Arena Holdings II,  
LLC  (“WAHII”) 

100% 

Westaim Origination  
Holdings , Inc. 
(“WOH”) 

100% 

Arena Origination Co., LLC 
(“AOC”) 

100% 

Arena Finance Holdings Co.,  
LLC  (“AFHC”) 

100% 

Arena Finance, LLC  
(“ AF”) 

Arena Investors 

The Arena FINCOs 

The Arena Group 

1 Legal equity ownership is 100%, and beneficial ownership denotes profit percentage subject to change over time pursuant to the earn-in rights granted to  
  BP LLC described under “Investment in the Arena Group - Arena Investors”. 

- 12 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.      INVESTMENTS (continued) 

For a detailed discussion of the business of the Arena Group, see the Company’s Annual Information Form dated March 26, 2020 for its fiscal year 
ended December 31, 2019 which is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

Accounting for the Company’s Investments 

The Company’s investments in private entities consist of its investments in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) and the Arena FINCOs.  

The  Company  qualifies  as  an  investment  entity  under  IFRS  and  uses  fair  value  as  the  key  measure  to  monitor  and  evaluate  its  primary 
investments.  Accordingly, the Company’s investments in private entities are accounted for at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”). 

In determining the valuation of investments in private entities at December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company used net asset value as the primary 
valuation technique.  For a detailed  description of the valuation of the  Company’s investments in private entities, see note 6 to the Company’s 
audited annual consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  investments  in  private  entities  and  the  Company’s  share  of  profit  (loss)  and  other  comprehensive 
income (loss) of associates are reported under “Net results of investments” in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income. 

Changes in the Company’s investments in private entities are summarized as follows: 

(millions) 
Investments in private entities: 
-  HIIG Partnership 
-  Arena FINCOs 2 

Three months ended December 31, 2019 

Three months ended December 31, 20181 

Opening 
Balance 

Additions  
- Equity 

Repayment 
of term 
loan 

Unrealized 
gain/(loss) 
before 
dividends 

Dividends  
paid 

Ending 
balance 

Opening 
balance 

Unrealized 
gain/(loss) 

Ending 
Balance 

  $  178.1 
206.9 
  $  385.0 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
   - 
- 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
- 
- 

  $  (13.1) 
2.7 
  $  (10.4) 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
(3.8) 
(3.8) 

  $  165.0 
205.8 
  $  370.8 

  $ 

  $ 

162.8 
196.2 
359.0 

  $ 

  $ 

(0.7) 
2.5 
1.8 

  $ 

  $ 

162.1 
198.7 
360.8 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 
2 Prior to January 1, 2019, ownership subject to the vesting and conversion of Class M  units held by BP LLC described under “Investment in the Arena Group  – The Arena 
FINCOs”. On December 31, 2018, the Company redeemed all M units. 

(millions) 
Investments in private entities: 
-  HIIG Partnership 
-  Arena FINCOs 2 

Opening 
Balance 

Additions 
- Equity 

Year ended December 31, 2019 

Repayment 
of term 
loan 

Unrealized 
gain before 
dividends 

Year ended December 31, 20181 

Dividends  
paid 

Ending 
balance 

Opening 
balance 

Unrealized 
gain/(loss) 

Ending 
Balance 

  $  162.1 
198.7 
  $  360.8 

  $ 

- 
10.0 
  $  10.0 

  $ 

- 
(10.0) 
  $  (10.0) 

  $ 

2.9 
11.8 
  $  14.7 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
(4.7) 
(4.7) 

  $  165.0 
205.8 
  $  370.8 

  $ 

  $ 

157.1 
186.2 
343.3 

  $ 

5.0 
12.5 
  $  17.5 

  $ 

  $ 

162.1 
198.7 
360.8 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 
2 Prior to January 1, 2019, ownership subject to the vesting and conversion of Class M units held by BP LLC described under “Investment in the Arena Group – The Arena 
FINCOs”. On December 31, 2018, the Company redeemed all M units. 

Changes in the Company’s investment in associates are summarized as follows: 

(millions) 
Investment in associates 
Opening balance 
Additions – Arena Investors Revolving Loan (as hereinafter defined) 
Share of gain (loss) 
Ending balance 

Three months ended December 31 
2018 

2019 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 

$ 

     $ 

12.5 
- 
(0.2) 

12.3 

$ 

9.3 
0.8 
0.5 

$ 

     $ 

10.6 

     $ 

10.6 
1.7 
- 

12.3 

$ 

     $ 

8.0 
3.8 
(1.2) 

10.6 

A. INVESTMENT IN HIIG 

At December 31, 2019, the HIIG Partnership owned approximately 71.0% of the common shares of HIIG (“HIIG Shares”). The Company owned 
approximately 62.0% of the HIIG Partnership, representing an approximate 44.0% indirect ownership interest in HIIG. 

Units of the HIIG Partnership cannot be issued without the prior approval of the unitholders and, in connection with any such issuance, the holders 
of units have pre-emptive rights entitling them to purchase their pro rata share of any units that may be so issued. 

- 13 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.      INVESTMENTS (continued) 

(i)  Fair Value 

The  investment  in  HIIG  (through  the  HIIG  Partnership)  is  accounted  for  at  FVTPL.    The  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  investment  in  the  HIIG 
Partnership was determined to be $165.0 million at December 31, 2019 and $162.1 million at December 31, 2018. 

Management used a multiple of net asset value as the primary valuation technique to arrive at the fair value of the Company’s investment in the 
HIIG  Partnership  of  $165.0  million  at  December  31,  2019.    The  fair  value  of  the  HIIG  Partnership  at  December  31,  2019  was  derived  from  a 
valuation of the HIIG Shares owned by the HIIG Partnership and other net assets of the HIIG Partnership at December 31, 2019.  The carrying 
values of the HIIG Partnership’s other net assets, consisting of monetary assets including cash and accounts receivable less accounts payable 
and  accrued  liabilities,  approximate  their  fair  values  due  to  the  short  maturity  of  these  financial  instruments.    In  valuing  the  HIIG  Shares, 
management determined that using net asset value as the primary valuation technique produced the best indicator of the fair value of the HIIG 
Shares as at December 31, 2019 and 2018, given that this is the valuation technique which a market participant would employ. 

On February 25, 2020 HIIG executed a commitment letter to enter into a loss portfolio transfer (“LPT”) reinsurance agreement. Pursuant to the 
commitment letter, HIIG agreed to cede $118.8 million of net claim reserves for certain divisions, primarily related to 2017 and prior policy years. 
The LPT provides reinsurance protection of approximately $127.4 million above the net ceded claim reserves and is subject to co-participations at 
specified  amounts.  The  LPT  is  expected  to  result  in  a  pretax  charge  and  after  tax  charge  of  approximately  $43.5  million  and  $34.4  million, 
respectively,  in  the  first  half  of  2020.  Completion  of  the  transaction,  is  subject  to,  among  other  things,  regulatory  approvals  and  satisfaction  of 
various other customary closing conditions.  

In  valuing  the  HIIG  Shares,  using  a  multiple  of  net  asset  value  as  the  primary  valuation  technique,  fair  value  was  determined  to  be  1.1x  the 
adjusted book value  (or  adjusted Stockholders’ Equity) of HIIG as at  December 31, 2019 and  2018. In determining the adjusted  book value of 
HIIG, the after tax charge of the LPT was deducted from the book value of HIIG as at December 31, 2019.  The adjusted book value of HIIG as at 
December 31, 2019 reflected 100% of HIIG stockholders’ equity obtained from the audited financial statements of HIIG prepared in accordance 
with US GAAP,  adjusted for the after tax charge of the LPT and  a reclassification of a  stock notes receivable from employees  relating to their 
purchase of HIIG Shares.  The adjusted book value contained certain significant judgments and estimates made by management of HIIG including 
the provision for loss and loss adjustment expenses (LAE), and the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets.   

Management  considers  other  secondary  valuation  methodologies  as  a  way  to  ensure  no  significant  contradictory  evidence  exists  that  would 
suggest an adjustment to the fair value as determined by the primary valuation methodology used.  In order to do this, the Company may also 
consider  valuation  techniques  including  the  discounted  cash  flow  method,  the  review  of  comparable  arm’s  length  transactions  involving  other 
specialty property and casualty insurance companies and comparable publicly traded company valuations.  For greater certainty, these secondary 
valuation techniques were not used to arrive at the fair value of the Company’s investment in the HIIG Partnership at the end of each reporting 
period. 

The Company recorded an unrealized loss of $13.1 million and $0.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, 
and an unrealized gain of $2.9 million and $5.0 million in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, on its investment in the HIIG 
Partnership. 

(ii)  Select Financial Information of HIIG for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

The Company considers certain financial results of HIIG to be important measures for investors in assessing the Company’s financial position and 
performance.  In particular, premium volumes provide a measure of HIIG’s growth; “net loss and LAE ratio” (calculated by dividing net loss and 
loss adjustment expenses by net earned premiums) and  “combined ratio”  (calculated by dividing the aggregate of net loss and  LAE, net policy 
acquisition expenses and operating expenses by net earned premiums) provide measures of HIIG’s underwriting profitability; net income provides 
a  measure  of  HIIG’s  overall  profitability;  and  stockholders’  equity  is  a  measure  that  is  generally  used  by  investors  to  determine  the  value  of 
insurance companies. 

In  the  fourth  quarter  of  2019,  the  management  of  HIIG  modified  the  reporting  segments  of  HIIG  to  better  describe  its  business.    Comparative 
figures have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current period. The reporting segments of HIIG are as follows: 

  Accident and Health - group medical insurance business written on an excess basis known as stop loss business including both aggregate and 

specific coverage provided to self-funded medical programs for small and medium size employee groups. 

  Commercial - standard lines of business generally written on an admitted basis by most markets known as “Main Street” or  “Middle Market” 

business. 

  Excess & Surplus - lines of business written on a non-admitted basis through wholesale brokers or managing general agents.  Some Excess & 

Surplus business is included in other segments where written in conjunction with admitted lines.  

- 14 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.      INVESTMENTS (continued) 

  Specialty - niche business of generally unusual or difficult risks and business specific to certain industries or professions requiring underwriters 

with more specific knowledge and expertise. 

  Non-continuing lines - represent lines of business no longer actively underwritten by HIIG. 

Set out in the table below is certain select financial information relating to HIIG.  The HIIG Financial Information is unaudited and has been derived 
from the supporting schedules to the annual consolidated condensed financial statements of HIIG for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018 which have been prepared in accordance with US GAAP. Such statements are the responsibility of the management of HIIG.  Readers are 
cautioned that the HIIG financial information has not been reconciled to IFRS and so may not be comparable to the financial information of issuers 
that present their financial information in accordance with IFRS. 

(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage)  
Income Statement 
  Gross written premiums 
  Net written premiums 
  Net earned premiums 
  Net income 
  Combined ratio 

Select Information 
    Gross written premiums: 
      Commercial 
      Specialty 
      Excess & Surplus 
      Accident and Health 
      Non-continuing lines 

    Net written premiums: 
      Commercial 
      Specialty 
      Excess & Surplus 
      Accident and Health 
      Non-continuing lines 

    Net earned premiums: 
      Commercial 
      Specialty 
      Excess & Surplus 
      Accident and Health 
      Non-continuing lines 

    Net Loss and LAE Ratio: 
      Commercial 
      Specialty 
      Excess & Surplus 
      Accident and Health 
      Non-continuing lines 

Three months ended December 31 
20181 

2019 

Years ended December 31 
20181 

2019 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

185.3 
90.3 
111.6 
8.0 
96.9% 

53.8 
46.3 
57.6 
27.6 
- 
185.3 

29.9 
27.4 
22.4 
10.6 
- 
90.3 

38.6 
36.2 
26.1 
10.6 
0.1 
111.6 

73.1% 
63.7% 
72.8% 
107.6% 
n.m.2 
73.5% 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

179.7 
78.8 
74.4 
3.9 
106.6% 

48.8 
49.5 
57.4 
22.4 
1.6 
179.7 

26.9 
25.5 
18.0 
7.4 
1.0 
78.8 

22.3 
21.6 
21.1 
7.4 
2.0 
74.4 

76.1% 
78.1% 
85.8% 
76.5% 
n.m.2 
80.2% 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

878.3 
421.7 
385.1 
32.3 
98.4% 

247.1 
255.4 
264.0 
111.4 
0.4 
878.3 

136.1 
137.7 
105.3 
42.2 
0.4 
421.7 

124.4 
119.9 
95.1 
42.2 
3.5 
385.1 

73.6% 
66.4% 
66.6% 
  96.7% 
n.m.2 
73.0% 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

696.9 
300.5 
277.6 
20.9 
99.5% 

164.4 
  195.9 
247.3 
84.3 
5.0 
696.9 

92.0 
91.0 
86.4 
28.3 
2.8 
300.5 

78.6 
83.6 
83.0 
28.3 
4.1 
277.6 

69.6% 
65.8% 
69.7% 
76.3% 
n.m.2 
70.8% 

Balance Sheet Information 
  Investments, cash and cash equivalents 
  Stockholders’ equity 

December 31, 2019 
797.7 
370.2 

  $ 
  $ 

December 31, 2018 
624.3 
329.9 

  $ 
  $ 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 
2 Not material or meaningful, but included in aggregate numbers. 

- 15 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3. 

INVESTMENTS (continued) 

Gross  written  premiums  -  Gross written  premiums  were  $185.3  million  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019  compared  to  $179.7 
million for the three months ended December 31, 2018, an increase of 3.1%, and $878.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared 
to $696.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of 26.0%. The increase in gross written premiums in the three months and 
year ended December 31, 2019 compared to the same periods in the prior year was driven primarily by growth in the Commercial and Accident 
and  Health  segments.    The  Specialty  and  Excess  and  Surplus  did  not  have  growth  in  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019,  but  did 
contribute to the increase for the full year ended December 31, 2019.  

Net written premiums - Net written premiums were $90.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 compared to $78.8 million for 
the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2018,  an  increase  of  14.5%,  and  $421.7  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  compared  to 
$300.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of 40.3%, resulting from the growth in gross written premiums and an increase 
in HIIG’s net retention. 

Net earned premiums - Net earned premiums were $111.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 compared to $74.4 million for 
the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2018,  an  increase  of  50.0%,  and  $385.1  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  compared  to 
$277.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, an increase of 38.7%.  The increase in net earned premiums was due to HIIG’s net written 
premium growth over the past 24 months. 

Overall net loss and LAE ratio - The overall net loss and LAE ratio was 73.5% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 compared to 
80.2% for the same period in the prior year, and 73.0% for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to 70.8% for the same period in the prior 
year.  The table below provides details of HIIG’s adverse loss development on prior year loss and LAE reserves of $nil and $13.9 million in the 
three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively, compared to $5.0 million and $5.8 million in the three months and year ended 
December 31, 2018, respectively.   

Net adverse (favourable) development 
(unaudited) 
(millions) 

Commercial 
Specialty 
Excess & Surplus 
Accident and Health 
Non-continuing lines 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

Three months ended December 31 
20181 

2019 

Year ended December 31 
20181 
2019 

  $ 

$ 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

$ 

$ 

0.8 
2.4 
1.4 
- 
0.4 
5.0 

  $ 

$ 

6.1 
2.7 
0.4 
2.0 
2.7 
     13.9 

$ 

$ 

(0.1) 
3.5 
1.2 
- 
1.2 
5.8 

Operating  results  (all  amounts  net  of  income  tax)  -  HIIG  recorded  net  income  of  $8.0  million  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019 
compared to $3.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018, and net income of $32.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 
compared to $20.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase for the year ended December 31, 2019 of $11.4 million in net 
income was primarily attributable to higher investment income of $11.1 million and a higher underwriting result of $3.9 million, which was partially 
offset  by  a  decrease  in  income  from  strategic  investments  of  $2.7  million  and  higher  interest  and  other  expenses  of  $0.9  million.   Investment 
income included reporting the changes in fair value of equity securities for the period as part of the operating result following the adoption of US 
GAAP standard ASU 2016-01. 

Stockholders’  equity  -  HIIG  stockholders’  equity  increased  to  $370.2  million  at  December  31,  2019  from  $329.9  million  at  December  31, 
2018.  The increase of $40.3 million resulted from HIIG’s net income for the period of $32.3 million and a favourable change in the fair value of 
investments recorded under accumulated other comprehensive income, net of income tax of $8.0 million.   

B. INVESTMENT IN THE ARENA GROUP 

The  Arena  Group  makes  and  manages  fundamentals-based,  asset-oriented  credit  investments.    Fundamentals-based,  asset-oriented  credit 
investments refer to loans or credit arrangements which are generally secured by assets.  These assets include real estate, inventory, vehicles, 
aircraft, watercraft, oil and gas reserves, a borrower’s plant and equipment, other hard assets, securities, receivables, contractual income streams, 
and certain intellectual property assets.  Fundamentals-based, asset-oriented lenders and investors manage their risk and exposure by carefully 
assessing the value of the assets securing the loan or investment, receiving periodic and frequent reports on collateral value and the status of 
those assets, and tracking the financial performance of borrowers. 

- 16 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.      INVESTMENTS (continued) 

The Arena Group seeks to capitalize on opportunities in both private as well as public investments subject to approved investment policies.  These 
investment strategies include:  

Corporate Private Credit 
Senior  private  corporate  debt,  bank  debt,  including  secondary  market  bank  debt,  distressed  debt  such  as  senior  secured  bank  debt  before  or 
during a Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing, bridge loans/transition financing, debtor-in-possession (“DIP”) financings, junior secured loans, junior capital 
to facilitate restructurings, equity co-investments or warrants alongside corporate loans. 

Real Estate Private Credit and Real Estate Assets 
Real  property,  secured  or  unsecured  mezzanine  financings,  DIP  loans,  “A-tranche”  loans  (senior  secured  loans)  and  “B-tranche”  loans  (junior 
secured loans) for real estate properties requiring near-term liquidity, structured letters of credit, real estate loans secured by office buildings, retail 
centers, hotels, land, single family homes, multi-family apartments, condominium towers, hospitality providers, health care service providers, and 
corporate campuses, leases and lease residuals. 

Commercial and Industrial Assets 
Commercial receivables, investments in entities (including start-up businesses) engaged, or to be engaged, in activities or investments such as 
distressed  commercial  and  industrial  loans,  commercial  and  industrial  assets  such  as  small-scale  asset-based  loans,  trade  claims  and  vendor 
puts,  specialized  or  other  types  of  equipment  leases  and  machinery,  non-performing  loans  globally,  hard  assets  (including  airplanes  and 
components,  industrial  machinery),  commodities  (physical  and  synthetic),  reinsurance  and  premium  finance  within  life  and  property  casualty 
insurance  businesses,  legal-related  finance  including  law  firm  loans,  settled  and  appellate  judgments  and  probate  finance,  royalties,  trust 
certificates, intellectual property and other financial instruments that provide for the contractual or conditional payment of an obligation. 

Structured Finance Investments  
Thinly  traded  or  more  illiquid  loans  and  securities  backed  by  mortgages  (commercial  and  residential),  other  small  loans  including  equipment 
leases,  auto  loans,  commercial  mortgage-backed  securities,  residential  mortgage-backed  securities,  manufactured  housing-backed  securities, 
collateralized  loan  obligations,  collateralized  debt  obligations,  other  structured  credits  and  consumer  credit  securitizations,  aviation  and  other 
leased asset securitizations, esoteric asset securitization, revenue interests, synthetics, and catastrophe bonds.  

Consumer Assets 
Auto and title loans, credit cards, consumer installment loans, charged-off consumer obligations, consumer bills, consumer receivables, product-
specific purchase finance, residential mortgages, tax liens, real estate owned homes, other consumer credit securitizations, retail purchase loans 
and unsecured consumer loans as well as distressed or charged-off obligations of all  of these types, peer-to-peer originated loans of all types, 
manufactured housing, and municipal consumer obligations. 

Other Securities 
Hedged and unhedged investments in public securities, preferred stock, common stock, municipal bonds, senior public corporate debt, corporate 
bonds including bonds in liquidation or out-of-court exchange offers and trade claims of distressed companies in anticipation of a recapitalization, 
structured  convertible  notes,  other  industry  relative  value,  merger  arbitrage  in  transactions  such  as  mergers,  hedged  investments  in  regulated 
utilities,  integrated  utilities,  merchant  energy  providers,  acquisitions,  tender  offers,  spin-offs,  recapitalizations  and  Dutch  auctions,  event-driven 
relative value equity investments in transactions such as corporate restructurings, strategic block, other clearly defined event, high-yield bonds, 
credit  arbitrage  and  convertible  bond  arbitrage,  in/post-bankruptcy  equities,  demutualizations,  liquidations  and  litigation  claims,  real  estate 
securities, business development companies, master limited partnership  interests, royalty trusts, publicly traded partnerships, options and other 
equity derivatives.  

The Arena FINCOs 

The Arena FINCOs include specialty finance companies that primarily purchase fundamentals-based, asset-oriented credit investments for their 
own account and a company that facilitates the origination of fundamentals-based, asset-oriented credit investments for its own account and/or 
possible future sale to specialty finance companies, clients of Arena Investors and/or other third parties.  This company invests in both debt and 
equity  instruments,  with  an  emphasis  on  debt  instruments  comprised  of  multiple  investment  strategies  including,  but  not  limited  to,  corporate 
private credit, real estate private credit and real estate assets, commercial & industrial assets, structured finance investments, consumer assets, 
and other securities. The Arena FINCOs do not have a target range of investment; the size of the loans and/or other credit investments acquired 
depends on, among other things, any diversity requirements which may be imposed by any lender as well as their own investment policy.  In the 
absence of such requirements, the Arena FINCOs are not subject to concentration limitations but the management of the Arena FINCOs will use 
their best judgment as to what is prudent in the circumstances.   

The Arena FINCOs seek to capitalize on opportunities in both private and public investments subject to its investment policy. 

- 17 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.     INVESTMENTS (continued) 

Before acquiring or originating any such loans or other investments, the Arena FINCOs review the nature of the loan, the creditworthiness of the 
borrower, the nature and extent of any collateral and the expected return on such loan or investment.  The Arena FINCOs originate and/or acquire 
such loans or investments based on its assessment of the fair market value of the investment at the time of purchase. 

On June 9, 2017, the Company used part of the proceeds from the Fairfax financing (see discussion in Section 4, Financing of this MD&A) to loan 
C$50 million to the Arena FINCOs (the “Arena FINCOs Demand Loan”) on market terms.  The Arena FINCOs Demand Loan was denominated in 
C$, repayable on demand (with a final repayment date not later than June 9, 2022) and secured by the assets of the Arena FINCOs.  The Arena 
FINCOs Demand Loan carried interest at a rate of 4.5% per annum plus the greater of (i) 3-month LIBOR and (ii) 1%, with the applicable rate 
adjusted at the beginning of each quarter.  Interest was due at the end of each calendar quarter. At December 31, 2018, C$30 million in principal 
repayments had been made by the Arena FINCOs and on May 9, 2019 and September 4, 2019, the Arena FINCOs made principal repayments of 
C$2.4 million and C$17.6 million, respectively, resulting in an outstanding loan of C$nil to the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2019 (C$20 million 
to the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2018). The Arena FINCOs Demand Loan was translated into US$ at rates of exchange at the end of each 
reporting  period  and  any  resulting  unrealized  foreign  exchange  gain  or  loss  was  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and 
comprehensive  income.    At  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  the  US$  converted  value  of  the  Arena  FINCOs  Demand  Loan  was  $nil  and  $14.7 
million, respectively.  The Company recorded a foreign exchange gain relating to the Arena FINCOs Demand Loan of $nil and $0.3 million for the 
three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively and a foreign exchange loss relating to the Arena FINCOs Demand Loan of $1.0 
million and $1.7 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 2018, respectively. The Arena FINCOs used the loan proceeds for 
investment purposes. 

In  connection  with  the  original  capitalization  of  the  Arena  FINCOs,  the  Company  granted  a  term  loan  (the  “Arena  FINCOs  Term  Loan”)  with  a 
balance of $10 million at December 31, 2018.  The Arena FINCOs Term Loan had a seven year term to August 31, 2022, was unsecured and 
carried  interest  at  a  rate  of  7.25%  per  annum,  with  interest  due  on  January  1  of  each  year  during  the  term.    On  April  1,  2019,  the  Company 
converted the Arena FINCOs Term Loan of $10 million into additional common shares of WOH and as a result the balance of the 7.25% Arena 
FINCOs Term Loan was $nil at December 31, 2019 (December 31, 2018 - $10 million).   

The  primary  revenue  of  the  Arena  FINCOs  consists  of  interest  income,  dividend  income  and/or  investment-related  fees  earned  on  the  credit 
investments that it originates or acquires. The operating results of the Arena FINCOs also include gains (losses) on its investments. 

The Arena FINCOs paid cash dividends to Westaim in the amount of $3.7 million and $4.6 million in the three months and year ended December 
31, 2019, respectively, and paid a dividend in kind in the amount of $0.1 million for each of the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, 
resulting  in  a  decrease  in  the  Company’s  carrying  value  of  the  Arena  FINCOs.  No  dividends  were  paid  in  the  three  months  and  year  ended 
December 31, 2018. 

Rights Granted to BP LLC 

Each of AOC and AFHC is governed by the terms of a limited liability company agreement, originally dated August 31, 2015, as amended from 
time  to  time,  between  Bernard  Partners,  LLC  (“BP  LLC”),  a  limited  liability  company  controlled  by  certain  members  of  the  Arena  Group 
management  team,  and  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company  setting  forth  the  rights  and  obligations  each  of  BP  LLC  and  the  Company 
(through its relevant subsidiary) as members of each of AOC and AFHC. Under each such agreement, BP LLC was issued Class M units which 
were convertible into Class A units, entitling BP LLC to acquire an equity interest of up to 20% (16.67% on a fully-diluted basis) in each of AOC 
and AFHC.  The Class M units were to vest equally over 5 years from August 31, 2015 and carry escalating conversion prices in excess of the 
price paid by the Company for its investment in AOC and AFHC.  On December 31, 2018, the Company through AOC and AFHC redeemed all 
Class M units of each of AOC and AFHC outstanding for the aggregate “in the money” amount of $0.7 million and this amount was recorded as a 
liability  on  the  financial  statements  of  the  Arena  FINCOs  at  December  31,  2018  and  therefore  reflected  in  their  fair  value.  The  liability  of  $0.7 
million was paid to BP LLC on March 27, 2019.   

Accounting for the Arena FINCOs 

The Company’s investments in the Arena FINCOs are accounted for at FVTPL and are included in investments in private entities.  The fair value of 
the  Company’s  investments  in  the  Arena  FINCOs  was  determined  to  be  $205.8  million  and  $198.7  million  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018, 
respectively. 

Management used net asset value as the primary valuation technique and arrived at the fair value of the Company’s investments in the Arena 
FINCOs of $205.8 million at December 31, 2019.  Using net asset value as the primary valuation technique, management determined that 1.0x the 
book value, or 100% of the shareholder’s equity of the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2019, in the amount of $205.8 million approximated the fair 
value of the Company’s investments in the Arena FINCOs.  The Company’s investments in the Arena FINCOs are composed largely of cash and 
cash equivalents and investments, carried at fair value at December 31, 2019.  This same valuation technique was also used to determine the fair 
value of the Company’s investments in the Arena FINCOs of $198.7 million at December 31, 2018. 

- 18 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.     INVESTMENTS (continued) 

Management  considers  other  secondary  valuation  methodologies  as  a  way  to  ensure  no  significant  contradictory  evidence  exists  that  would 
suggest an adjustment to the fair value as determined by the primary valuation methodology used.  In order to do this, the Company may also 
consider  valuation  techniques  including  the  review  of  comparable  arm’s  length  transactions  involving  other  specialty  finance  companies  and 
comparable publicly traded company valuations.  For greater certainty,  these secondary valuation techniques were not used to arrive at the fair 
value of the Company’s investments in the Arena FINCOs at the end of each reporting period. 

The Company recorded an unrealized gain on its investments in the Arena FINCOs of $2.7 million before dividends paid to the Company of $3.8 
million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and an unrealized gain of $2.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2018. There 
were no dividends paid in the three months ended 31, 2018. In the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded an unrealized gain on 
its investments in the Arena FINCOs of $11.8 million before dividends paid to the Company of $4.7 million and in the year ended December 31, 
2018, the Company recorded an unrealized gain of $12.5 million. No dividends were paid in the year ended December 31, 2018.  

Select Financial Information of the Arena FINCOs 

The Company considers certain financial results of the Arena FINCOs to be important measures in assessing the Company’s financial position and 
performance,  in  particular,  the  net  assets  which  can  be  invested  to  generate  investment  income,  and  operating  expenses.    Select  financial 
information related to the Arena FINCOs set out below is unaudited and has been derived from the financial statements of WOH, Arena Origination 
Co., LLC  (“AOC”), Arena Finance  Holdings Co.,  LLC  (“AFHC”) and the  consolidated financial statements of  Arena Finance, LLC (“AF”)  and its 
subsidiaries  for  the  three  months  and  years  ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  which  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRS  or  US 
GAAP.  Such statements are the responsibility of the management of the Arena FINCOs.  Readers are cautioned that the financial information has 
not  been  reconciled  to  IFRS  and  so  may  not  be  comparable  to  the  financial  information  of  issuers  that  present  their  financial  information  in 
accordance with IFRS. 

A summary of the net assets of the Arena FINCOs is as follows: 

(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage) 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Due from brokers, net 
Investments: 
   Loans / Private assets 
   Other Securities 

Arena FINCOs Demand Loan payable to the Company 
Other net assets (liabilities) 
Net assets of the Arena FINCOs  

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 20181 

  $ 

Fair value 
8.6 
1.6 

  167.6 
  21.5 
  189.1 

- 
6.5 
  205.8 

  $ 

Percentage of 
net assets at 
fair value 
4.2% 
0.8% 

  81.4% 
  10.4% 
   91.8% 

       -  

3.2% 
 100.0% 

  $ 

Fair value 
  24.3 
4.3 

 177.7 
  10.3 
 188.0 

  (14.7) 
(3.2) 
 198.7 

  $ 

Percentage of 
net assets at 
fair value 
  12.2% 
2.2% 

  89.4% 
5.2% 
  94.6% 

(7.4)% 
(1.6)% 
 100.0% 

Due from brokers consists of cash balances as well as net amounts due from brokers for unsettled securities transactions.  Investment securities 
are net of short positions.  In the normal course  of the Arena FINCOs’ operations, the Arena FINCOs enter into currency hedges to reduce its 
currency exposure. 

For additional information on the investments of the Arena FINCOs, see Section 14, Additional Arena Group Investment Schedules of this MD&A. 

- 19 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.     INVESTMENTS (continued) 

A summary of the operating results of the Arena FINCOs attributable to the Company is as follows: 

(unaudited) 
(millions) 
Net operating results of the Arena FINCOs: 
   Investment income, net 
   Net gains (losses) on investments 
   Operating expenses: 
         Management and asset servicing fees 
         Incentive fees 
         Administrative fees 
         Interest expense on the Arena FINCOs Demand Loan            
         paid to the Company 
         Deal expenses and other operating expenses 

  $ 

  Operating income attributable to BP LLC’s Class M units 
  Operating income attributable to the Company’s Class A units 

  Arena FINCOs holding companies’ expenses: 
       Advisory fees paid to the Company 
       Interest expense on the Arena FINCOs term loan paid to   
       the Company 
       Other expenses 
       Income tax expense 

Net operating results of the Arena FINCOs 

  $ 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

Three months ended December 31 
20181 

2019 

Year ended December 31 
20181 
2019 

5.6 
(0.6) 

(1.3) 
(0.3) 
- 

- 
(0.7) 
2.7 

- 
2.7 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
2.7 

  $ 

  $ 

6.0 
(0.5) 

- 
- 
(1.2) 

(0.3) 
(0.6) 
3.4 

0.1 
3.3 

(0.1) 

(0.2) 

(0.2) 
(0.3) 
(0.8) 
2.5 

  $ 

  $ 

19.7 
3.9 

(5.0) 
(1.5) 
- 

(0.7) 
(2.7) 
13.7 

- 
13.7 

(1.3) 

(0.2) 

- 
(0.4) 
(1.9) 
11.8 

  $ 

  $ 

19.4 
5.2 

- 
- 
(5.8) 

(1.4) 
(2.4) 
15.0 

0.6 
14.4 

(0.4) 

(0.7) 

(0.2) 
(0.6) 
(1.9) 
12.5 

The Net Return on the investment portfolios of the Arena FINCOs was 1.3% and 7.0% for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, 
respectively and 1.7% and 8.1% for the three months and year ended December 31, 2018, respectively. See Section 15, Non-GAAP Measures of 
this MD&A. 

The  following  table  shows  a  continuity  of  the  carrying  value  of  the  Company’s  investments  in  the  Arena  FINCOs  included  in  the  Company’s 
investments in private entities is as follows: 

(unaudited) 
(millions) 
Carrying value of the Arena FINCOs: 
   Opening balance 
   Unrealized gain before dividends  
   Dividends paid to the Company 
   Ending balance 

Arena Investors 

Three months ended December 31 
2018 

2019 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 

  $ 

  $ 

206.9 
2.7 
(3.8) 
205.8 

  $ 

  $ 

196.2 
2.5 
- 
198.7 

  $ 

  $ 

198.7 
11.8 
(4.7) 
205.8 

  $ 

  $ 

186.2 
12.5 
- 
198.7 

Arena  Investors,  LP  operates  as  an  investment  manager  offering  third-party  clients  access  to  fundamentals-based,  asset-oriented  credit 
investments that aim to deliver attractive yields with low volatility.  Arena Investors, LP provides investment services to third-party clients consisting 
of but not limited to institutional clients, insurance companies, private investment funds and other pooled investment vehicles. 

- 20 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.     INVESTMENTS (continued) 

Arena Investors generates  revenues primarily from Management Fees,  Incentive Fees and Asset Servicing Fees.   “Management Fees” are the 
fees generally calculated on Arena Investors’ various segregated client accounts and private pooled investment vehicles as a percentage of assets 
under management (“AUM”).  Management fees for separately managed accounts may be based on a percentage of the fair value of invested 
capital  for  the  account  during  the  ramp-up  phase.   “Incentive  Fees”  are  the  fees  generally  calculated  as  a  percentage  of  net  profits  earned  by 
Arena Investors as of the end of each fiscal year or applicable withdrawal date related to client accounts subject to a “high water mark”, preferred 
return and loss carryforward provisions for each measurement date.  “Asset Servicing Fees” are the fees generally earned in connection with the 
management and servicing of the illiquid portion of clients’ investment portfolios. 

Arena  Investors  has  established  a  U.S.  onshore  fund,  Arena  Special  Opportunities  Fund,  LP  (“ASOF  LP”)  and  offshore  funds,  Arena  Special 
Opportunities Fund (Cayman), LP and Arena Special Opportunities Fund (Cayman 2), LLC, as commingled investment vehicles.  Arena Investors 
continues to be in discussions with potential clients for additional capital to invest in its various pools, in accordance with its business strategy. 

As of December 31, 2019, the Arena Group had committed AUM of approximately $1.3 billion. The committed AUM included the net assets of the 
Arena FINCOs totaling $206 million. As of December 31, 2018, the Arena Group had committed AUM of approximately $1.0 billion. The committed 
AUM included the net assets of the Arena FINCOs totaling $199 million. 

Rights Granted to BP LLC 

On August 31, 2015, agreements were entered into between the Company and BP LLC in respect of WAHII (the “Associate Agreements”).  The 
Associate  Agreements  set  forth  the  members’  respective  rights  and  obligations,  as  well  as  BP  LLC’s  right  to  participate  in  distributions  of  the 
capital and profit of the associates.  BP LLC’s initial profit sharing percentage is 49%, and under the Associate Agreements, BP LLC has the right 
to  earn-in  up  to  75%  equity  ownership  percentage  in  the  associates  and  to  thereby  share  up  to  75%  of  the  profit  of  the  associates  based  on 
achieving certain AUM and cash flow (measured by the margin of trailing twelve months earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and 
amortization to trailing twelve month revenues) thresholds in accordance with the WAHII Associate Agreement.   

Accounting for Arena Investors 

On March 6, 2019, the Company amended a revolving loan facility to the associates (the “Arena Investors’ Revolving Loan”) from the limit of $20 
million to $25 million in order to continue funding growth initiatives and working capital needs of Arena Investors.  The loan facility had a term of 36 
months to December 21, 2020, which has been extended to March 31, 2023 and bears interest at a rate of 5.25% per annum. Arena Investors had 
drawn down the loan facility by $20.0 million at December 31, 2019 and $18.3 million at December 31, 2018.  The loan facility is secured by all the 
assets of Arena Investors.   

The  Company’s  investments  in  the  associates  (Arena  Investors)  are  accounted  for  using  the  equity  method.    The  carrying  amount  of  the 
Company’s  investment  in  the  associates  was  $12.3  million  and  $10.6  million  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.    The  total  of  the 
Company’s  51%  share  of  loss  of  $0.2  million  and  share  of  profit  of  $0.5  million  for  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018, 
respectively, and share of loss of $nil and $1.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, was reported under  “Net 
results of investments” in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income. 

Select Financial Information of Arena Investors 

The Company considers certain financial results of Arena Investors to be important measures in assessing the Company’s financial position and 
performance, in particular, revenues from the provision of investment management services, and operating expenses.  Select financial information 
related to Arena Investors set out below is unaudited and has been derived from the financial statements of WAHII for the three months and year 
ended December 31, 2019 and from the financial statements of WAHII, ASOF-ON GP and ASOF-OFF II GP for the three months and year ended 
December  31,  2018,  which  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  US  GAAP.    Such  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  management  of 
Arena Investors.  Management of the Company concluded that any reconciling items to IFRS are not material. 

- 21 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

3.     INVESTMENTS (continued) 

Select financial information of Arena Investors is as follows: 

Statement of Financial Position  

(unaudited) 
(millions) 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Restricted cash 
Arena Investors’ Revolving Loan from the Company 
Other net liabilities 
Net liabilities 

  $ 

December 31, 2019 
1.6 
6.5 
(20.0) 
(3.5) 
(15.4) 

   $ 

  $ 

December 31, 20181 
1.0 
5.1 
(18.3) 
(3.0) 
(15.2) 

   $ 

Company’s share 
Arena Investors’ Revolving Loan from the Company 
Carrying amount of the Company’s investment in associates 
Includes the accounts of WAHII, ASOF-ON GP and ASOF-OFF II GP prepared in accordance with US GAAP with no material reconciling differences to IFRS. 

(7.7) 
20.0 
12.3 

(7.7) 
18.3 
10.6 

   $ 

   $ 

  $ 

  $ 

1 

Restricted cash includes deposits related to investment loans received in advance. 

Statement of Profit (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss)  

(unaudited) 
(millions) 
    Management and asset servicing fees 
    Incentive fees  
    Administrative fees  
    Net gains on investments 
Total revenue 

    Salaries and benefits 
    Professional fees 
    General, administration and other expenses 
    Interest expense on the Revolving Loan from the Company 
Total expenses 
Profit (loss) and comprehensive profit (loss) 
Company’s share of profit (loss) of associates (51%) 

Three months ended December 31 
20181,2 
  $      2.9 
         1.7 
        1.3 
         - 
5.9 

2019 
  $      4.9 
         2.4 
         - 
         0.1 
7.4 

         (5.4) 
         (1.1) 
         (1.2) 
        (0.2) 
(7.9) 
  $    (0.5) 
  $    (0.2) 

         (2.7) 
         (0.8) 
         (1.0) 
        (0.3) 
(4.8) 
  $    1.1 
  $    0.5 

Year ended December 31 
20181,2 
  $      9.4 
         5.8 
         5.9 
         0.2 
21.3 

2019 
  $      18.7 
         9.6 
         - 
         0.3 
28.6 

         (20.6) 
         (3.7) 
         (3.5) 
        (1.0) 
(28.8) 
  $    (0.2) 
  $    - 

         (16.5) 
         (2.9) 
         (3.2) 
            (0.9) 
(23.5) 
  $    (2.2) 
  $    (1.2) 

             1 Includes the accounts of WAHII, ASOF-ON GP and ASOF-OFF II GP prepared in accordance with US GAAP with no material reconciling differences to IFRS. 
               2 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

The management, asset servicing and incentive fees were generated from the various segregated client accounts and managed funds of Arena 
Investors. Effective January 1, 2019, investment management fees, asset servicing fees and incentive fees replaced administrative fees that were 
charged to the Arena FINCOs in 2018 and prior years. 

C. OTHER INVESTMENTS 

The Company’s investment in ASOF LP, a fund managed by Arena Investors, LP, with a fair value of $2.7 million at December 31, 2019 and $2.5 
million at December 31, 2018, is included in investments in the consolidated statements of financial position.  The Company’s unrealized gain on 
its investment in ASOF LP was $nil and $0.2 million in the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively and $0.1 million and 
$0.2 million in the three months and year ended December 31, 2018, respectively. 

4. 

FINANCING 

Preferred Securities 

On April 3, 2017, the Company announced that it had entered into an agreement pursuant to which Fairfax Financial Holdings Limited, through 
certain of its subsidiaries (collectively, “Fairfax”), had agreed subject to the execution of definitive documentation to make an investment of up to 
C$100 million in Westaim in exchange for the issuance by Westaim of 5% interest bearing notes (the “Preferred Securities”) and common share 
purchase warrants (the “Warrants”) (collectively, the “Private Placement”).   

- 22 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

4.     FINANCING (continued) 

The Preferred Securities are denominated in C$, each issuable for a principal amount of C$10 and carry interest at a rate of 5% per annum.  The 
Preferred Securities are subordinate secured securities that will mature on May 26, 2116 but may be repaid, in whole or in part, by the Company at 
any time after June 2, 2022 and at any time after June 2, 2020 if the volume-weighted average trading price of Westaim’s common shares for any 
10 day period prior to the date on which the applicable redemption notice is given is at least C$5.60. 

On June 2, 2017, the Company closed a subscription by Fairfax of C$50 million of Preferred Securities.  The proceeds raised from the Fairfax 
financing were used by Westaim to make interest bearing loans to the Arena Group.  See discussion in Section 3, Investments of this MD&A for 
additional information on these loans.  The Company had discretion until January 1, 2018 to require Fairfax to purchase all or part of 5,000,000 
additional Preferred Securities, and exercised its discretion not to do so.  There were 5,000,000 Preferred Securities outstanding at December 31, 
2019 and 2018. 

The Preferred Securities are repayable on demand upon a change of control of Westaim and the liability is recorded at the principal amount in the 
consolidated  statements  of  financial  position.    The  Preferred  Securities  liability  is  translated  into  US$  at  rates  of  exchange  at  the  end  of  each 
reporting period and any resulting unrealized foreign exchange gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive 
income.    At  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  the  US$  converted  amount  of  the  Preferred  Securities  was  $38.5  million  and  $36.6  million, 
respectively. The Company recorded an unrealized foreign exchange loss of $0.8 million and $1.9 million relating to the Preferred Securities in the 
three months and year ended December 31, 2019, respectively, and an unrealized foreign exchange gains of $2.1 million and $3.3 million in the 
three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  respectively.    The  carrying  amount  of  the  Preferred  Securities  approximated  fair  value  at 
December 31, 2019. 

Interest  on  the  Preferred  Securities  amounted  to  $0.5  million  and  $1.9  million  in  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2019, 
respectively, and $0.5 million and $1.9 million the three months and year ended December 31, 2018, respectively.  At December 31, 2019, interest 
of $0.5 million (December 31, 2018 - $0.5 million) was accrued in the consolidated statements of financial position. 

Foreign Currency Forward Contract  

On  December  20,  2018,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Canadian  dollar  currency  forward  contract  to  sell  $26.3  million  and  buy  C$35  million  to 
manage the Canadian dollar currency exposures, including the currency exposure arising from the Preferred Securities. The contract matured on 
December 20, 2019 and resulted in a realized foreign exchange gain of $0.4 million.  On December 20, 2019, the Company entered into a new 
Canadian dollar currency forward contract to sell $30.6 million and buy C$40 million to manage the Canadian dollar currency exposures, including 
the currency exposure arising from the Preferred Securities. The contract has a term to maturity of three months and may be renewed at market 
rates.  The Company has not designated these Canadian dollar currency forward contracts as accounting hedges.   A gain was accrued on the 
Canadian  dollar  currency  forward  contract  in  the  amount  of  $0.3  million  at  December  31,  2019  and  was  recorded  under  other  assets  in  the 
consolidated statements of financial position. A loss was accrued on the Canadian dollar currency forward contract in the amount of $0.6 million at 
December 31, 2018 and was recorded under accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial position. A gain 
on the Canadian dollar currency forward contract in the amount of $0.5 million and $1.3 million in the three months and year ended December 31, 
2019, respectively, and losses on the Canadian dollar currency forward contract in the amount of $1.2 million and $1.7 million in the three months 
and  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  respectively,  was  recorded  under  foreign  exchange  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and 
comprehensive income. In connection with Canadian dollar currency forward contracts which the Company may enter into from time to time, the 
Company has obtained a credit facility under which the Company has pledged cash on deposit of $3.0 million (December 31, 2018 - $4.4 million) 
as security. The security shall remain in effect for the duration of the outstanding foreign exchange forward contract. 

Warrants 

In conjunction with the private placement of Preferred Securities, Westaim also issued to Fairfax 28,571,430 Warrants, each exercisable for one 
Westaim common share at an exercise price of C$3.50.  The Warrants vest proportionately  based upon the aggregate percentage of Preferred 
Securities purchased by Fairfax, with 14,285,715 having vested on June 2, 2017.  The remaining 14,285,715 unvested Warrants were cancelled on 
January 31, 2018.  Each vested Warrant is exercisable on or prior to June 2, 2022, but the expiry date will be extended to June 2, 2024  if  the 
volume-weighted average trading price of Westaim’s common shares for the 10 day period ending on June 2, 2022 is less than C$5.60.   After 
June 2, 2020, the Company can also elect to require early exercise of the Warrants if the volume-weighted average trading price of Westaim’s 
common shares for any 10 day period prior to the election is at least C$5.60. 

The Warrants are subject to a cashless exercise at the discretion of Fairfax and are classified as a derivative liability in accordance with IFRS and 
measured  at  FVTPL.    Subsequent  changes  in  fair  value  of  the  vested  Warrants  and  the  related  foreign  exchange  impact  are  reported  in  the 
consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income for the period in which they arise. 

- 23 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

4.     FINANCING (continued) 

Changes to the derivative warrant liability are as follows: 

(millions) 
Opening balance 
Change in fair value – (gain) 
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain) 
Ending balance 

Three months ended December 31 
2018 
$           6.2 
(3.5) 
(0.3) 
$          2.4 

2019 
  $           1.5 
0.4 
- 
$          1.9 

2019 
  $           2.4 
(0.6) 
0.1 
$          1.9 

Year ended  December 31 
2018 
$           6.7 
(3.8) 
(0.5) 
$          2.4 

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, a liability of $1.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively, had been recognized with respect to the vested Warrants 
in the consolidated statements of financial position. The Company recognized an unrealized loss of $0.4 million and an unrealized gain of $0.6 
million in the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, and unrealized gains of $3.5 million and $3.8 million in the three months and year 
ended December 31, 2018, respectively, resulting from a change in the fair value of the vested Warrants.  The Company also recorded unrealized 
foreign exchange losses with respect to the vested Warrants of $nil and $0.1 million in the three months and year ended  December 31, 2019, 
respectively,  and  unrealized  foreign  exchange  gains  of  $0.3  million  and  $0.5  million  in  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2018, 
respectively, under foreign exchange in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income.   

The fair value of the vested Warrants at December 31, 2019 of $1.9 million (December 31, 2018 - $2.4 million) was estimated using the Monte 
Carlo pricing model assuming no dividends are paid on the common shares, a risk-free interest rate of 1.69% (December 31, 2018 - 1.87%), an 
expiration date between January 1, 2020 and June 2, 2024 (December 31, 2018: January 1, 2019 and June 2, 2024), a volatility of the underlying 
common shares of the Company of 23.23% (December 31, 2018 – 23.42%), a closing price of common shares of C$2.65 (December 31, 2018 - 
C$2.58) and a strike price of C$3.50.  The amounts computed according to the  Monte  Carlo  pricing model  may not be indicative of the actual 
values realized upon the exercise of the vested Warrants by Fairfax. 

5.  ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RESULTS 

Details of the Company’s operating results are as follows: 

(millions) 

Revenue 
  Interest income 
  Dividend income from investments in private entities 
  Advisory fee income 

Net results of investments 

Expenses 
  Salaries and benefits 
  General, administrative and other 
  Professional fees 
  Site restoration provision  
  Share-based compensation 
  Foreign exchange  
  Interest on preferred securities 
  Derivative warrants 

Income tax expense 

Three months ended December 31 
2018 

2019 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

0.4 
3.8 
0.3 
4.5 

(14.4) 

(1.0) 
(0.1) 
(0.2) 
  1.4 
(0.8) 
(0.6) 
(0.5) 
(0.4) 
(2.2) 
(0.9) 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

0.8 
- 
0.3 
   1.1 

2.4 

(0.9) 
- 
(0.1) 
(0.5) 
0.9 
0.8 
(0.5) 
3.5 
3.2 
- 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

2.1 
4.7 
2.4 
9.2 

10.2 

(3.7) 
(1.0) 
(1.0) 
(0.3) 
(1.5) 
(1.1) 
(1.9) 
0.6 
(9.9) 
(0.9) 

  $ 

  $ 

3.1 
- 
1.4 
   4.5 

16.5 

(3.7) 
(0.9) 
(0.9) 
(0.1) 
(1.6) 
1.2 
(1.9) 
3.8 
         (4.1) 
- 

  $ 

Profit (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) 

  $ 

(13.0) 

  $ 

6.7 

  $ 

8.6 

  $ 

16.9 

5.1 Revenue 

In  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019,  the  Company  earned  interest  on  loans  made  to  the  Arena  Group  of  $0.2  million  (2018  -  $0.8 
million) and dividends from the Arena Group of $3.8 million (2018 - $nil). In the same period, the Company earned advisory fees from HIIG of $0.1 
million (2018 - $0.2 million) and from the Arena Group of $0.2 million (2018 - $0.1 million). 

- 24 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

5.  ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RESULTS (continued) 

In the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company earned interest on loans made to the Arena Group of $1.9 million (2018 - $3.1 million) and 
dividends from the Arena Group of $4.7 million (2018  - $nil). In the same period,  the Company earned advisory fees  from HIIG of  $0.8 million 
(2018 - $1.0 million) and from the Arena Group of $1.6 million (2018 - $0.4 million). 

5.2 Net Results of Investments 

In the three months ended December 31, 2019, the net results of investments consisted of an unrealized loss from the Company’s investments in 
private entities of $10.4 million less dividends paid to the Company of $3.8 million (2018 – unrealized gain of $1.8 million less dividends of $nil), 
unrealized gains on other investments of $nil (2018 - $0.1 million) and the Company’s share of loss of its associates of $0.2 million (2018 – share 
of gains of $0.5 million). 

In the year ended December 31, 2019, the net results of investments consisted of unrealized gains from the Company’s investments in private 
entities of $14.7 million less dividends paid to the Company of $4.7 million (2018 - $17.5 million less dividends of $nil), unrealized gains on other 
investments of $0.2 million (2018 - $0.2 million) and the Company’s share of loss of its associates of $nil (2018 - $1.2 million). 

See discussion in Section 3, Investments of this MD&A. 

Investments in Private Entities 

The  Company’s  investments  in  private  entities  are  accounted  for  at  FVTPL.    In  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019,  the  Company 
recorded an unrealized loss of $13.1 million on its investment in the HIIG Partnership (2018 - $0.7 million), an unrealized gain of $2.7 million less 
dividends paid to the Company of $3.8 million on its investment in the Arena FINCOs (2018 - $2.5 million less dividends of $nil).   

In the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded an unrealized gain of $2.9 million on its investment in the HIIG Partnership (2018 - 
$5.0 million), an unrealized gain of $11.8 million less dividends paid to the Company of $4.7 million on its investment in the Arena FINCOs (2018 - 
$12.5 million less dividends of $nil).   

Investment in Associates 

The  Company’s  investment  in  associates  is  accounted  for  using  the  equity  method.    In  the  three  months  ended  December  31,  2019,  the 
associates earned management and asset servicing fees of $4.9 million (2018 - $2.9 million), incentive fees of $2.4 million (2018 - $1.7 million), 
administrative fees of $nil (2018 - $1.3 million), net gains on investment of $0.1 million (2018 - $nil), offset by salaries and benefits of $5.4 million 
(2018 - $2.7 million), professional fees of $1.1 million (2018 - $0.8 million), general, administrative and other expenses of $1.2 million (2018 - $1.0 
million), and interest expense on the Revolving Loan from the Company of $0.2 million (2018 - $0.3 million) resulting in a loss of $0.5 million (2018 
- profit of $1.1 million).   

In  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  the  associates  earned  management  and  asset  servicing  fees  of  $18.7  million  (2018  -  $9.4  million), 
incentive fees of $9.6 million (2018 - $5.8 million), administrative fees of $nil (2018 - $5.9 million), net gains on investment of $0.3 million,  (2018 - 
$0.2 million), offset by salaries and benefits of $20.6 million (2018 - $16.5 million), professional fees of $3.7 million (2018 - $2.9 million), general, 
administrative and other expenses of $3.5 million (2018 - $3.2 million), and interest expense on the Revolving Loan from the Company of $1.0 
million (2018 - $0.9 million) resulting in a loss of $0.2 million (2018 - $2.2 million).   

The total of the Company’s 51% share of loss of the associates amounted to $0.2 million and $nil in the three months and year ended December 
31, 2019, respectively, and its share of profit of the associates amounted to $0.5 million and a share of loss of $1.2 million in the three months and 
year ended December 31, 2018, respectively. 

5.3 Expenses 

Salaries and benefits, general, administrative and other expenses and professional fees in the three months and year ended December 31, 2019 
were comparable to the corresponding period in the prior year. 

The Company has provided indemnifications to third parties with respect to future site restoration costs to be incurred on industrial sites formerly 
owned by the Company.  Variations in the Company’s site restoration provision expense from period to period are generally attributed to changes 
in the discount and inflation rates used to arrive at the site restoration provision.  Reimbursements of site restoration costs are  recorded when 
received. 

- 25 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

5.  ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RESULTS (continued) 

Changes in share-based compensation expense from period to period result from the vesting of RSUs, the issuance of DSUs in lieu of director 
fees,  as  well  as  movement  in  the  Company’s  share  price  which  affects  the  per  unit  valuation  of  outstanding  RSUs  and  DSUs.  Share-based 
compensation expense in the three months and year ended December 31, 2019 also included compensation expense for stock options of $0.3 
million (2018 - $0.5 million) and $1.0 million (2018 - $2.3 million), respectively.  See Section 8, Liquidity and Capital Resources of this MD&A for 
additional information on the Company’s share-based compensation plans. 

The Company holds C$ denominated assets and liabilities and the Company’s operating results include foreign exchange gains or losses arising 
from the revaluation of the Company’s C$ denominated net liabilities and revaluation of C$ foreign exchange forward contract into US$ at period 
end exchange rates.  The following is a breakdown of the major components of the foreign exchange  gain (loss) in the three months and year 
ended December 31, 2019 and 2018: 

(millions) 
Foreign exchange gains (losses) relating to: 
  - site restoration provision 
  - liabilities for RSUs and DSUs 
  - Preferred securities 
  - Arena FINCOs Demand Loan receivable 
  - derivative warrant liability 
  - foreign exchange forward contracts 
  - other 

6.  ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

Three months ended  December 31 
2018 

2019 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 

$ 

$ 

(0.1) 
(0.1) 
(0.8) 
- 
- 
0.5 
(0.1) 
(0.6) 

$  0.2 
0.5 
2.1 
  (1.0) 
0.3 
(1.2) 
(0.1) 
$  0.8 

$ 

$ 

(0.2) 
(0.3) 
(1.9) 
0.3 
(0.1) 
1.3 
(0.2) 
(1.1) 

$  0.3 
0.7 
3.3 
                  (1.7) 
0.5 
(1.7) 
(0.2) 
$  1.2 

The Company’s assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity as at the dates indicated below consisted of the following: 

(millions) 
Assets 
   Cash  
   Income tax receivable 
   Arena FINCOs Demand Loan receivable 
   Other assets 
   Investments 

Liabilities 
   Accounts payable and accrued liabilities   
   Income tax payable 
   Preferred securities 
   Derivative warrant liability 
   Site restoration provision 
   Deferred tax liability 

Shareholders’ equity 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

6.1 Cash  

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 20181 

  $   

  $   

  $   

  $   

22.2 
0.4 
- 
2.3 
385.8 
410.7 

10.7 
0.4 
38.5 
1.9 
4.1 
0.3 
55.9 

354.8 
410.7 

  $   

  $   

  $   

  $   

7.8 
- 
14.7 
1.0 
373.9 
397.4 

9.6 
- 
36.6 
2.4 
3.6 
- 
52.2 

345.2 
397.4 

At December 31, 2019, the Company had cash of $22.2 million compared to $7.8 million at December 31, 2018. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
cash consisted of cash on deposit, including restricted cash on deposit of $3.0 million and $4.4 million, respectively. 

- 26 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

6.     ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (continued) 

6.2 Income Tax Receivable  

At December 31, 2019, the Company had an income tax receivable due from the Canadian federal tax authority of $0.4 million compared to $nil 
million at December 31, 2018. 

6.3 Loans Receivable 

On June 9, 2017, the Company used the proceeds from the Fairfax financing to loan C$50.0 million to the Arena FINCOs on market terms.  At 
December 31, 2018, C$30.0 million in principal repayments had been made by the Arena FINCOs and on May 9, 2019 and September 4, 2019, 
the Arena FINCOs made a principal repayment of C$2.3 million, and C$17.7 million respectively, resulting in an outstanding loan of C$nil to the 
Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2019 (C$20.0 million to the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2018). For additional information on these loans, see 
discussion in Section 3, Investments of this MD&A.  At December 31, 2019, the carrying amount of the loans totaled $nil (December 2018 - $14.7 
million). 

6.4 Other Assets 

Other  assets  were  $2.3  million  and  $1.0  million  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.    Other  assets  at  December  31,  2019  included 
receivables from related parties of $1.1 million (December 31, 2018 - $0.7 million), right of use asset of $0.6 million (December 31, 2018 - $nil), 
capital assets of $nil (December 31, 2018 - $0.1 million), fair value of foreign exchange forward contract of $0.3 million (December 31, 2018 - $nil) 
and other receivables of $0.3 million (December 31, 2018 - $0.2 million).   

Effective, December 1, 2019, the Company entered into an operating lease for the office premises in Toronto expiring on November 30, 2024. At 
the commencement date of the lease, a right of use asset was recorded at cost under other assets and a lease liability was recorded at amortized 
cost under accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial position. Subsequent to initial recognition, the right 
of use asset is depreciated using the straight-line method over the term of the lease with depreciation recorded in the consolidated statements of 
profit and comprehensive income. Each lease payment reduces the lease liability and the accretion of the lease liability is recorded as interest 
expense in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income.   

The right of use asset for office premises was $0.6 million and $nil at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The depreciation on the right of 
use asset for the years ended December 31, 2019 was nominal (December 31, 2018 - $nil).  

The lease liability for office premises was $0.6 million and $nil at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  The lease payments were $nil and 
the interest expense on the lease liability was nominal for the year ended December 31, 2019 (December 31, 2018 - $nil). The Company recorded 
a nominal foreign exchange loss relating to the lease liability for the year ended December 31, 2019 (December 31, 2018 - $nil). 

Depreciation expense for the capital assets was nominal for the three months and year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.  

6.5 Investments 

Investments in Private Entities 

The Company’s investments in private entities consist of its investments in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) and the Arena FINCOs, which are 
accounted for at FVTPL.  The fair values of the HIIG Partnership and the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2019 were determined to be $165.0 
million  and  $205.8  million,  respectively  (December  31,  2018  -  $162.1  million  and  $198.7  million,  respectively).    See  discussion  in  Section  3, 
Investments of this MD&A. 

Investment in Associates 

The Company’s investment in associates consists of the Company’s investment in Arena Investors.  This investment is accounted for using the 
equity method.  The carrying value of the Company’s investment in then associates at December 31, 2019 was $12.3 million (December 31, 2018 
- $10.6 million).  See discussion in Section 3, Investments of this MD&A. 

Other Investments 

The Company’s investment in other investments consists of the Company’s investment in ASOF LP, which is accounted for at FVTPL.  The fair 
value of ASOF LP at December 31, 2019 was determined to be $2.7 million (December 31, 2018 - $2.5 million).  See discussion in Section 3, 
Investments of this MD&A. 

- 27 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

6.     ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (continued) 

6.6 Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities  

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities were $10.7 million and $9.6 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  Accounts payable and 
accrued  liabilities  at  December  31,  2019  included  liabilities  related  to  accrued  employee  bonuses  of  $1.7  million  (December  31,  2018  -  $1.6 
million), RSUs of $6.2 million (December 31, 2018 - $5.7 million), DSUs of $1.3 million (December 31, 2018 - $1.0 million), lease liability of $0.6 
million (December 31, 2018 - $nil), interest accrued on the Preferred Securities of $0.5 million (December 31, 2018 - $0.5 million), unrealized loss 
on the foreign exchange forward contract of $nil (December 31, 2018 - $0.6 million) and other accrued liabilities of $0.4 million (December 31, 
2018  -  $0.2  million).    See  Section  6.3  Other  Assets  of  this  MD&A  for  additional  information  on  the  lease  liability.  See  Section  8,  Liquidity  and 
Capital Resources of this MD&A for additional information on the Company’s share-based compensation plans. 

6.7 Income Tax Payable  

At December 31, 2019, the Company had an income tax payable due to the United States federal tax authority of $0.4 million compared to $nil 
million at December 31, 2018. 

6.8 Preferred Securities 

On  June  2,  2017,  the  Company  closed  the  sale  to  Fairfax  of  5,000,000  Preferred  Securities  for  C$50.0  million.    The  Preferred  Securities  are 
repayable on demand upon a change of control of Westaim and the liability is recorded at the principal amount in the consolidated statements of 
financial  position.    The  C$  principal  amount  of  the  Preferred  Securities  was  converted  to  US$  at  the  period  end  exchange  rate,  resulting  in  a 
carrying amount of the Preferred Securities at December 31, 2019 of $38.5 million (December 31, 2018 - $36.6 million).  See discussion in Section 
4, Financing of this MD&A. 

6.9 Derivative Warrant Liability 

In  conjunction  with  the  purchase  by  Fairfax  of  C$50.0  million  in  Preferred  Securities  on  June  2,  2017,  Westaim  issued  to  Fairfax  28,571,430 
Warrants, with 14,285,715 Warrants having vested on June 2, 2017.  The remaining 14,285,715 unvested warrants were cancelled on January 
31, 2018.  The Warrants are subject to a cashless exercise at the discretion of Fairfax and are classified as a derivative liability and measured at 
FVTPL.  At December 31, 2019, a liability of $1.9 million (December 31, 2018 - $2.4 million) representing the estimated fair value of the vested 
Warrants had been accrued in the consolidated statements of financial position.  See discussion in Section 4, Financing of this MD&A. 

6.10 Site Restoration Provision 

The site restoration provision of $4.1 million at December 31, 2019 and $3.6 million at December 31, 2018 relates to future site restoration costs 
associated with soil and groundwater reclamation and remediation costs relating to industrial sites previously owned by the Company. 

The Company conducts periodic reviews of the underlying assumptions supporting the provision, taking into consideration the anticipated method 
and extent of the remediation consistent with regulatory requirements, industry practices, current technology and possible uses of the site.  The 
amount of the provision is adjusted for the present value of the estimated future restoration costs discounted using interest rates of high quality 
government bonds and inflation in relation to the estimated timing of cash outflows.  

Future reimbursements of costs resulting from indemnifications provided to the Company by previous owners of the industrial sites have not been 
recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.  Reimbursements are recorded when received. 

6.11 Shareholders’ Equity  

The details of shareholders’ equity are as follows: 

(millions) 
Common shares 
Contributed surplus 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
Deficit 
Shareholders’ equity 

Common Shares 

  $ 

December 31, 2019 
382.2 
17.5 
(2.2) 
(42.7) 
354.8 

  $ 

The Company had 143,186,718 common shares outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

- 28 - 

  $ 

December 31, 2018 
382.2 
16.5 
(2.2) 
(51.3) 
345.2 

  $ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

6.     ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION (continued) 

Contributed Surplus 

The Company had $17.5 million in contributed surplus at December 31, 2019 (December 31, 2018 - $16.5 million). The increase in contributed 
surplus of $1.0 million resulted from compensation expense relating to stock options in the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss of $2.2 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018 comprised cumulative exchange differences from currency 
translation as a result of a change in presentation currency from the C$ to the US$ on August 31, 2015. 

Deficit 

The decrease in deficit of $8.6 million from December 31, 2018 to December 31, 2019 is due to the profit for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

7.  OUTLOOK 

The focus of Arena’s management team is to continue to expand Arena’s diversified portfolio of quality senior ranking credit investments, increase 
its pipeline of investment opportunities, and grow its AUM primarily by attracting new third-party investors.  Arena’s investments are performing at 
expectations and Arena had 56 employees as at December 31, 2019.   

Following  the  catastrophe  losses  experienced  by  the  property  and  casualty  insurance  industry  in  2017  and  2018  due  to  adverse  weather 
conditions and wildfires in the United States, the Company believes that the industry is at the start of a cycle of increasing insurance rates and 
improved underwriting terms. This expected improvement in industry conditions, combined with operational enhancement initiatives undertaken by 
HIIG and a measured increase in the retention of premium, is expected to result in continued improvement in HIIG’s financial performance. 

The  Company  is  continuing  to  seek  additional  investment  opportunities  to  create  shareholder  value  through  partnering  with  other  aligned  and 
experienced management teams to build profitable businesses that generate attractive returns over the long term. 

8. 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 

Capital Management Objectives 

The Company’s capital currently consists of the Preferred Securities and common shareholders’ equity.   

The Company’s guiding principles for capital management are to maintain the stability and safety of the Company’s capital for its stakeholders 
through an appropriate capital mix and a strong balance sheet. 

The Company monitors the mix and adequacy of its capital on a continuous basis.  The Company employs internal metrics.  The capital of the 
Company is not subject to any restrictions.  Units of the HIIG Partnership cannot be issued without the prior approval of the unitholders and, in 
connection with any such issuance, the holders of units have pre-emptive rights entitling them to purchase their pro rata share of any units that 
may be so issued. 

Share Capital 

The  Company’s  authorized  share  capital  consists  of  an  unlimited  number  of  common  shares,  Class  A  preferred  shares  and  Class  B  preferred 
shares. 

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had 143,186,718 common shares outstanding, with a stated capital of $382.2 million. 

There were no Class A or Class B preferred shares outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

Dividends 

No dividends were paid in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

- 29 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

8. 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES (continued) 

Share-based Compensation Plans 

The  Company’s  long-term  equity  incentive  plan  (the  “Incentive  Plan”)  provides  for  grants  of  RSUs,  DSUs,  stock  appreciation  rights  and  other 
share-based awards.  The Company also has a stand-alone incentive stock option plan (the “Option Plan”). 

The Option Plan is a “rolling plan” which provides that the aggregate number of common shares which may be reserved for issuance under the 
Option Plan is limited to not more than 10% of the aggregate number of common shares outstanding.   However, each of the Incentive Plan and 
the Option Plan provide that under  no circumstances shall there be common shares issuable under  such plan, together with all other security-
based compensation arrangements of the Company, which exceed 10% of the aggregate number of common shares outstanding. As the DSUs 
are settled solely in cash, they are not included in the 10% limitation referred to above. 

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had 10,428,337 stock options outstanding.  On April 1, 2016, 2,752,940 options were granted to 
certain officers and employees of the Company.  These options have a term of seven years, vest in three equal instalments on April 1, 2017, April 
1, 2018 and April 1, 2019, and have an exercise price of C$3.25.  At December 31, 2019, all of these 2,752,940 outstanding options had vested.  
On April 3, 2017, 3,860,397 additional options were granted to certain officers and employees of the Company.  These options have a term of 
seven years, vest in three equal instalments on December 31, 2017, December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019, and have an exercise price of 
C$3.00.  At December 31, 2019, all of these 3,860,397 options had vested. On January 18, 2018, 3,815,000 additional options were granted to 
certain officers and employees  of the Company.  These options have a  term of seven  years, vest in three equal instalments on December 31, 
2018, December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020, and have an exercise price of C$3.10.  At December 31, 2019, 2,543,333 of these 3,815,000 
options had vested. 

In the three months and year ended December 31, 2019, compensation expense relating to options was $0.3 million (2018 - $0.5 million) and $1.0 
million (2018 - $2.3 million), respectively, with a corresponding increase to contributed surplus. 

The Company also had 3,034,261 RSUs outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018.  On November 14, 2014, an aggregate of 2,375,000 RSUs 
were granted to certain officers, employees and consultants.  There RSUs have a term of fifteen years and at December 31, 2019, all of these 
RSUs had vested, of which 265,937 RSUs had been exercised and 2,109,063 RSUs are outstanding.  On April 1, 2016, 925,198 additional RSUs 
were granted to certain officers and employees of the Company.  These RSUs have a term of fifteen years and at December 31, 2019, all of the 
RSUs had vested and 925,198 units are outstanding. The RSUs, at the election of the holder, can be settled in common shares of the Company or 
cash based on the prevailing market price of the common shares on the settlement date.   

At December 31, 2019, 642,779 DSUs were vested and outstanding (December 31, 2018 – 518,855 DSUs were vested and outstanding).  DSUs 
are issued to certain directors in lieu of director fees, at their election, at the market value of the Company’s common shares at the date of grant. 
With respect to the DSUs that are outstanding, they are paid out solely in cash no later than the end of the calendar year following the year the 
participant ceases to be a director. In the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, no DSUs were exercised.  

At  December  31,  2019,  accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  included  amounts  related  to  outstanding  RSUs  of  $6.2  million  (December  31, 
2018 - $5.7 million) and outstanding DSUs of $1.3 million (December 31, 2018 - $1.0 million).  

Market for Securities 

Westaim’s common shares trade on the TSXV under the symbol “WED”. 

Cash Flow Objectives 

The Company manages its liquidity with a view to ensuring that there is sufficient cash to meet all financial commitments and obligations as they 
fall due.  The Company has sufficient funds to meet its financial obligations.  As part of pursuing one or more new opportunities, the Company may 
from time to time issue shares from treasury. 

- 30 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

8. 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES (continued) 

The following tables illustrate the duration of the financial assets of the Company compared to its financial obligations: 

December 31, 2019 (millions) 
Financial assets: 
  Cash  
  Income tax receivable 
  Other assets (excluding capital assets) 
  Investments 
      Total financial assets 
Financial obligations: 
  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
  Income tax payable 
  Preferred securities 
  Site restoration provision 
  Deferred tax liability 
      Total financial obligations 
Financial assets net of financial obligations 

December 31, 2018 (millions)1 
Financial assets: 
  Cash  
  Arena FINCOs Demand Loan receivable 
  Other assets (excluding capital assets) 
  Investments 
      Total financial assets 
Financial obligations: 
  Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
  Preferred securities 
  Site restoration provision 
      Total financial obligations 
Financial assets net of financial obligations 

               1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

One year or 
less 

  $ 

22.2 
              0.4 
1.7 
- 
24.3 

2.6 
             0.4 

- 
- 
- 
3.0 
21.3 

  $ 

One to five 
years 

No specific 
date/ later than 
five years 

  $ 

- 
             - 

  $ 

0.6 
20.0 
20.6 

0.6 

             - 
- 
- 
0.3 
0.9 
19.7 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
             - 
- 
365.8 
365.8 

7.5 

             - 

38.5 
4.1 
- 
50.1 
315.7 

Total 

  $ 

22.2 
                0.4 
2.3 
385.8 
410.7 

10.7 
                0.4 
38.5 
4.1 
0.3 
54.0 
356.7 

  $ 

One year or 
less 

One to five 
years 

No specific 
date/ later than 
five years 

Total 

  $ 

  $ 

7.8 
- 
0.9 
- 
8.7 

2.9 
- 
- 
2.9 
5.8 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
14.7 
- 
28.3 
43.0 

- 
- 
- 
- 
43.0 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
- 
- 
345.6 
345.6 

6.7 
36.6 
3.6 
46.9 
298.7 

  $ 

  $ 

7.8 
14.7 
0.9 
373.9 
397.3 

9.6 
36.6 
3.6 
49.8 
347.5 

The Company’s investment  guidelines stress preservation of capital and market liquidity to support payment of liabilities.  The matching of the 
duration of financial assets and liabilities is monitored with a view to ensuring that all obligations will be met. 

9.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Related  parties  include  key  management  personnel,  close  family  members  of  key  management  personnel  and  entities  which  are,  directly  or 
indirectly,  controlled  by,  jointly  controlled  by  or  significantly  influenced  by  key  management  personnel  or  their  close  family  members.    Key 
management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Company, 
directly or indirectly, and include executive officers and directors of the Company. 

Compensation expenses related to the Company’s key management personnel are as follows: 

(millions) 
Salaries and benefits 
Share-based compensation 

Three months ended December 31 
2018 
0.9 
(0.9) 
- 

2019 
0.9 
0.7 
1.6 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 
3.3 
3.2 
1.6 
1.4 
4.9 
4.6 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

- 31 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

9.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (continued) 

Fees paid to Hartford Consulting, Inc. (the “Consultant”), a company owned by William R. Andrus, a director of HIIG, for insurance industry related 
consulting services and compensation expense relating to RSUs issued to the Consultant were $0.1 million in each of the years ended December 
31, 2019 and 2018.  At December 31, 2019, a liability of $0.1 million (December 31, 2018 - $0.1 million) had been accrued in the consolidated 
statements of financial position with respect to outstanding RSUs held by the Consultant. 

The Company received a cash dividend of $3.7 million (2018 - $nil) and a dividend in kind of $0.1 million (2018 - $nil) from the Arena FINCOs in 
the three months ended December 31, 2019 and a cash dividend of $4.6 million (2018 - $nil) and a dividend in kind of $0.1 million (2018 - $nil) 
from the Arena FINCOs in the year ended December 31, 2019.   

The Company earned and received interest on loans to related parties as follows:  

(millions) 
Arena FINCOs Term Loan 
Arena FINCOs Demand Loan  
Arena Investors Revolving Loan  

$ 

Three months ended December 31 
2018 
0.2 
0.3 
0.3 
0.8 

2019 
- 
- 
0.2 
0.2 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 
0.7 
0.2 
1.4 
0.7 
0.9 
1.0 
3.0 
1.9 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

The Company earned advisory fees from the Arena Group of $0.2 million and $0.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018, respectively, and $1.6 million and $0.4 million in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  The Company also earned 
advisory fees from HIIG of $0.1 million and $0.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively and $0.8 million and 
$1.0 million in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

10.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS 

Preparation of the financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions, some of which relate to 
matters that are uncertain.  As more information becomes known, these estimates and assumptions could change and thus have a material impact 
on  the  Company’s  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  in  the  future.    The  Company  has  established  detailed  policies  and  control 
procedures that are intended to ensure that management’s judgments and estimates are well controlled, independently reviewed and consistently 
applied from period to period.  Management believes that its estimates for determining the valuation of the Company’s assets and liabilities are 
appropriate. 

Management used net asset value as the primary valuation technique in determining the fair value of the Company’s investments in private entities 
at December 31, 2019.  Management determined that this valuation technique produced the best indicator of the fair value of the HIIG Partnership, 
and the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2019.  The significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of the HIIG Partnership and the Arena 
FINCOs at December 31, 2019 were the equity of each of the entities at December 31, 2019 and the multiple applied.  For a detailed description of 
the valuation of the Company’s investments in private entities, see note 6 to the Company’s audited annual consolidated financial statements for 
the  years  ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018.    Due  to  the  inherent  uncertainty  of  valuation,  management’s  estimated  values  may  differ 
significantly from the values that would have been used had an active market for the investment existed, and the differences could be material. 

The  fair  value  of  the  vested  Warrants  is  estimated  using  the  Monte  Carlo  pricing  model  which  contains  various  assumptions  made  by 
management.  The amounts computed according to the Monte Carlo pricing model may not be indicative of the actual values realized upon the 
exercise of the vested Warrants by Fairfax. 

Other key estimates include the Company’s provision for site restoration, fair value of share-based compensation, and unrecognized deferred tax 
assets.  Details of these items are disclosed in note 11, note 14 and note 16, respectively, to the Company’s audited annual consolidated financial 
statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

11.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENTLY ADOPTED AND PENDING ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 

A description of the Company’s accounting policies  is disclosed in note 2 to the  audited annual consolidated financial statements for the  years 
ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

- 32 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

11.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENTLY ADOPTED AND PENDING ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS (continued) 

A description of the Company’s recently adopted and pending accounting pronouncements are as follows: 

(a) Adopted in the current period 

On January 13, 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16 “Leases” (“IFRS 16”) which replaced IAS 17 “Leases”.  As required, the Company adopted IFRS 
16,  effective  January  1,  2019.    IFRS  16  eliminates  the  distinction  between  operating  and  finance  leases  for  lessees,  requiring  instead  that  the 
Company  recognize  a  right-of-use  asset  and  a  lease  liability  at  lease  commencement  for  all  leases,  with  certain  exceptions  permitted  through 
elections and practical expedients on the transition date. As a result of the adoption of IFRS 16, on December 1, 2019, a right of use asset of $0.6 
million and a lease liability of $0.6 million were recorded on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial position. The Company adopted 
the modified retrospective approach of adoption whereby comparative periods were not restated. 

In June 2017, the IASB published IFRIC 23, “Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments” (“IFRIC 23”) effective for annual periods beginning on or 
after  January  1,  2019.  The  interpretation  requires  an  entity  to  assess  whether  it  is  probable  that  a  tax  authority  will  accept  an  uncertain  tax 
treatment used, or proposed to be used, by an entity in its income tax filings and to exercise judgment in determining whether each tax treatment 
should  be  considered  independently  or  whether  some  tax  treatments  should  be  considered  together.  The  decision  should  be  based  on  which 
approach provides better predictions of the  resolution of the uncertainty. An entity also has to consider whether it is probable that  the  relevant 
authority will accept each tax treatment, or group of tax treatments, assuming that the taxation authority with the right to examine any amounts 
reported to it will examine those amounts and will have full knowledge of all relevant information when doing so. The adoption of IFRIC 23 did not 
have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements  

12.    QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

(millions) 
Revenue  
Net results of investments – (loss) gain  
Net (expenses) recovery of expenses  
Income tax expense 
Profit (loss) and comprehensive income (loss)  

Q4 
2019 
$  4.5 
(14.4) 
(2.2) 
(0.9) 
$ (13.0) 

Q3 
2019 
$  2.1 
2.7 
(1.1) 
- 
$  3.7 

Q2 
2019 
$  1.2 
10.1 
(3.5) 
- 
$  7.8 

Q1 
2019 
$  1.4 
11.8 
(3.1) 
- 
$  10.1 

Q4 
2018 
$  1.1 
2.4 
3.2 
- 
$  6.7 

Q3 
2018  
$  1.2 
5.3 
(2.1) 
- 
$  4.4 

Q2 
2018  
$  1.1 
4.4 
(5.6) 
- 
$  (0.1) 

Q1 
2018  
$  1.1 
4.4 
0.4 
        - 
$  5.9 

The  Company’s  quarterly  financial  results  do  not  follow  any  special  trends  and  are  not  generally  subject  to  seasonal  variation  but  are  instead 
impacted by general market and economic conditions, regulatory risks and foreign exchange fluctuations. In addition, the value of the derivative 
warrant  liability,  site  restoration  obligations  and  share-based  compensation  are  impacted  by  fluctuations  in  the  trading  price  of  the  Company’s 
shares, discount rates, and foreign exchange fluctuations. 

13.  RISKS 

The Company is subject to a number of risks which could affect its business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, 
including risks relating to lack of significant revenues, regulatory  risks, foreign exchange  risks and risks  relating to the businesses of  HIIG and 
Arena.  A detailed description of the risk factors associated with the Company and its business is contained in the Company’s Annual Information 
Form dated March 26, 2020 for its fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 which is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

- 33 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

The investments of the Arena FINCOs shown by investment strategy is as follows: 

Investments by Strategy 
(unaudited) 

(millions except for number 
of positions and percentage) 
Corporate Private Credit 
Real Estate Private Credit 
  and Real Estate Assets 
Commercial and Industrial 
  Assets 
Structured Finance 
Consumer Assets 
Other Securities 

Investments by Strategy 
(unaudited) 

(millions except for number 
of positions and percentage) 
Corporate Private Credit 
Real Estate Private Credit 
  and Real Estate Assets 
Commercial and Industrial 
  Assets 
Structured Finance 
Consumer Assets 
Other Securities 

Number of 
positions 
35 

26 

               21 
2 
               15 
55 
  154 

Number of 
positions 
26 

23 

               23 
3 
               14 
32 
  121 

Cost 

58.7 

30.3 

43.0 
4.4 
23.6 
25.6 
  185.6 

Cost 

51.8 

32.1 

64.7 
4.2 
21.9 
13.0 
  187.7 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

December 31, 2019 

Fair value 
61.9 

  $ 

Percentage of 
investments at 
fair value 

  32.7% 

% 
Debt investments 

  18.7% 

% 
Equity 
investments 
  14.0% 

31.5 

  16.7% 

  12.0% 

47.3 
4.4 
                22.5 
21.5 
  189.1 

  $ 

  24.9% 
2.4% 
  11.9% 
  11.4% 
  100.0% 

  16.3% 
2.4% 
  11.9% 
8.7% 
  70.0% 

  4.7% 

  8.6% 
- 
- 
  2.7% 
  30.0% 

December 31, 2018 

Fair value 
56.2 

  $ 

Percentage of 
investments at 
fair value 

  29.9% 

% 
Debt investments 

  24.6% 

% 
Equity 
investments 
  5.3% 

30.3 

  16.1% 

  14.4% 

                66.4 
4.2 
20.6 
10.3 
  188.0 

  $ 

  35.3% 
2.3% 
  10.9% 
5.5% 
  100.0% 

  25.8% 
2.3% 
  10.9% 
2.5% 
  80.5% 

  1.7% 

  9.5% 
- 
- 
  3.0% 
  19.5% 

Investments  in  Corporate  Private  Credit,  Real  Estate  Private  Credit  and  Real  Estate  Assets,  and  Structured  Finance  relate  to  loans  issued  to 
privately held entities.  Investments in Other Securities are net of short positions and comprise publicly traded corporate bonds, equity securities, 
bank debt, structured convertible notes and derivatives. 

The investments of the Arena FINCOs shown by geographic breakdown is as follows: 

Investments by 
Geographic Breakdown 
(unaudited) 

(millions except for percentage) 
Loans / Private Assets 
      North America 
      Europe 
      Asia/Pacific 
      Latin America 

Other Securities 1 
      North America 
      Europe 
      Asia/Pacific 
      Canada 
      Other 

1  Net of short positions. 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 2018 

Cost 

Fair value 

  $ 

137.7 
15.7 
6.0 
0.6 
160.0 

11.7 
8.1 
2.7 
- 
3.1 
25.6 

   $ 

142.5 
18.0 
6.6 
0.5 
167.6 

10.7 
6.3 
2.3 
- 
2.2 
21.5 

Percentage of 
investments at 
fair value 

75.4% 
9.5% 
3.5% 
                0.2% 
88.6% 

  $ 

5.7% 
3.3% 
1.2% 
- 
1.2% 
11.4% 

Cost 

Fair value 

Percentage of 
investments at 
fair value 

151.4 
12.2 
7.1 
4.0 
174.7 

0.7 
5.5 
1.8 
2.3 
2.7 
13.0 

   $ 

154.5 
12.4 
6.8 
4.0 
177.7 

0.4 
4.4 
1.8 
1.4 
2.3 
10.3 

82.2% 
6.6% 
3.6% 
2.1% 
94.5% 

0.2% 
2.4% 
1.0% 
0.7% 
1.2% 
5.5% 

  $ 

185.6 

   $ 

189.1 

100.0% 

  $ 

187.7 

   $ 

188.0 

100.0% 

- 34 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
    
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES (continued) 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

The investments of the Arena FINCOs shown by industry is as follows: 

Investments by Industry  
(unaudited) 

(millions except for percentage) 
Loans / Private Assets 
   Corporate Private Credit 
      Business Services 
      Consumer Products 
      Financial Services 
      Healthcare Services 
      Oil and Gas (1) 
      Other Assets 
      Retail 

   Real Estate Private Credit 
     and Real Estate Assets 
      Commercial 
      Hospitality 
      Land - Commercial Development 
      Land - Multi-Family Development 
      Land - Single-Family Development 
      Residential 
      Retail 
      Storage 

Commercial and Industrial Assets 
      Lease/Equipment 
      Oil and Gas 
      Other Assets 

   Structured Finance 
      Other Assets 

   Consumer Assets 
      Consumer  

Total Loans / Private Assets 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 2018 

Cost 

Fair value 

Percentage of 
investments at 
fair value 

Cost 

Fair value 

Percentage of 
investments at 
fair value 

  $ 

   $ 

17.1 
- 
1.8 
6.7 
16.9 
12.1 
4.1 
58.7 

17.5 
- 
1.8 
6.8 
18.6 
13.1 
4.1 
61.9 

  $ 

9.3% 
- 
0.9% 
3.6% 
9.8% 
6.9% 
2.2% 
32.7% 

   $ 

17.3 
0.9 
2.6 
3.2 
13.7 
11.7 
2.4 
51.8 

18.5 
0.9 
2.6 
3.2 
15.2 
13.4 
2.4 
56.2 

9.9% 
0.5% 
1.4% 
1.7% 
8.1% 
7.1% 
1.2% 
29.9% 

2.0 
8.4 
               5.2 
               5.3 
               1.3 
7.8 
- 
0.3 
30.3 

1.6 
9.6 
                 5.2 
                 5.4  
                 1.4 
8.0 
- 
0.3 
31.5 

0.9% 
5.0% 
            2.8% 
             2.9% 
                0.7% 
4.2% 

    - 

0.2% 
16.7% 

7.3 
7.1 
                6.3 
               2.6 
               2.6 
5.4 
0.8 
- 
32.1 

5.4 
7.3 
                 6.4 
                 2.6 
                  2.5 
5.3 
0.8 
- 
30.3 

2.9% 
3.9% 
            3.4% 
           1.4% 
           1.3% 
2.8% 
0.4% 
- 
16.1% 

5.2 
0.7 
37.1 
43.0 

4.4 
4.4 

23.6 
23.6 

160.0 

7.7 
0.8 
38.8 
47.3 

4.4 
4.4 

22.5 
22.5 

167.6 

4.0% 
0.4% 
20.5% 
24.9% 

2.4% 
2.4% 

11.9% 
11.9% 

88.6% 

9.6 
- 
55.1 
64.7 

4.2 
4.2 

21.9 
21.9 

174.7 

10.9 
- 
55.5 
66.4 

4.2 
4.2 

20.6 
20.6 

177.7 

5.9% 
- 
29.4% 
35.3% 

2.3% 
2.3% 

10.9% 
10.9% 

94.5% 

Other Securities (2) 
      Consumer Products 
      Financial Services 
      Foreign Exchange Forwards 
      Healthcare Services 
      Industrial 
      Information Technology 
      Oil and Gas 
      Real Estate 
      Telecommunications 
      Utilities 

2.0 
1.7 
(0.2) 
0.3 
2.8 
                 1.7 
3.6 
3.2 
5.2 
1.2 
21.5 
189.1 
1  The Arena FINCOs’ exposure to commodity price risk in its private loans is generally mitigated as borrowers are typically required to hedge the commodity price 

2.2 
0.2 
(0.5) 
0.2 
3.5 
                 0.8 
1.1 
- 
2.8 
- 
10.3 
188.0 

4.6 
1.7 
- 
0.2 
3.2 
                 1.6 
3.9 
3.1 
                 6.1 
1.2 
25.6 
185.6 

3.9 
0.2 
- 
- 
3.7 
                 0.9 
1.1 
- 
3.2 
- 
13.0 
187.7 

1.2% 
0.1% 
(0.3)% 
0.1% 
1.9% 
            0.4% 
0.6% 
- 
1.5% 
- 
5.5% 
100.0% 

1.0% 
0.9% 
(0.1)% 
0.1% 
1.5% 
            0.9% 
1.9% 
1.7% 
2.8% 
0.7% 
11.4% 
100.0% 

   $ 

   $ 

  $ 

  $ 

risk by selling product forward and/or employing the use of other derivatives to substantially reduce all risk.  

2  Net of short position 

- 35 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
    
 
   
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
    
 
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
   
    
   
   
    
   
 
   
   
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES (continued) 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

Details of the Loan and Private Asset positions of the Arena FINCOs is as follows: 

Details of Loan and Private Asset Positions 
(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage) 

December 30, 2019 

Investments by industry 

Ref. no. 
Corporate Private Credit 
  CPC-2209 
  CPC-3198 
  CPC-3222 
  CPC-3349 
  CPC-3677 
  CPC-4248 
  CPC-3083TL 
  CPC-3199 
  CPC-1361TL 
  CPC-2364 
  CPC-3316 
  CPC-5027 
  CPC-4108 
  CPC-2752 
  CPC-3107 
  CPC-4985 
  CPC-3824 
  CPC-1927 
  CPC-3376 
  CPC-2170 
  CPC-5143 
  CPC-2397  
  CPC-3083 
  CPC-3349EQY 
  CPC-3391 
  CPC-4347 
  CPC-4256 
  CPC-4248EQY 
  CPC-4530 
  CPC-3108 
  CPC-3199EQY 
  CPC-1010 
  CPC-2208 
  CPC-4473 
Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Other Assets 
Oil and Gas 
Oil and Gas 
Business Services 
Business Services 
Healthcare Services 
Business Services 
Oil and Gas 
Healthcare Services 
Retail 
Business Services 
Retail 
Oil and Gas 
Other Assets 
Business Services 
Oil and Gas 
Oil and Gas 
Financial Services 
Business Services 
Oil and Gas 
Oil and Gas 
Financial Services 
Business Services 
Business Services 
Healthcare Services 
Healthcare Services 
Healthcare Services 
Healthcare Services 
Business Services 
Business Services 
Oil and Gas 
Oil and Gas 
Business Services 
Healthcare Services 

Principal (1) 

Investments 
at cost 

Investments 
at fair value 

Geographic 
location 

Collateral 

Total coupon 
(including PIK) (2) 

     $   10.4 
3.8 
4.7 
3.6 
3.5 
3.6 
2.9 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
1.9 
1.7 
1.6 
1.2 
1.3 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 
1.8 
0.8 
0.8 
   0.8 
1.2 
0.4 
0.4 
0.4 
0.3 
0.3 
0.3 
- 
0.2 
0.6 
0.1 
60.2 

$   10.5 
3.8 
4.7 
3.7 
3.5 
2.9 
2.7 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
1.9 
1.7 
1.6 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 
0.9 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
   0.4 
   0.4 
   0.4 
0.4 
0.3 
0.3 
- 
0.2 
0.6 
- 
58.7 

$   11.5 
5.4 
4.7 
4.4 
3.8 
2.9 
2.8 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
1.9 
1.7 
1.6 
1.4 
1.3 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 
0.8 
0.8 
0.8 
0.7 
0.6 
0.4 
0.4 
0.4 
0.4 
0.3 
0.3 
0.2 
0.2 
0.1 
0.1 
61.9 

Europe 
North America 
North America 
Asia/Pacific 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
Asia/Pacific 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

Equity 
Hard Asset 
Hard Asset  
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien(5) 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Equity 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien(7) 
Hard Asset 
Equity 
Equity 
Equity 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Equity 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
Equity 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
Equity 

                    n/a (4) 
                n/a (4) 
n/a (4) 
12.00% 
10.41% 
11.01% 
9.46% 
15.00% 
12.26% 
10.64% 
9.76% 
11.91% 
13.50% 
14.00% 
n/a (6) 
10.00% 
9.66% 
15.00% 
10.60% 
5.25% 
12.00% 
                    n/a (4) 
                    n/a (8) 
n/a(6) 
9.73% 
10.00% 
9.00% 
n/a(8) 
9.50% 
10.35% 
                    n/a (4) 
14.00% 
                    n/a (4) 
                    n/a (6) 
11.28% 

LTV (3) 

      n/a (4) 
      n/a (4) 
    110.0% 
76.0% 
  52.0% 
68.0% 
94.0% 
90.0% 
41.0% 
37.0% 
57.0% 
81.0% 
40.0% 
30.0% 
n/a (6) 
32.0% 
75.0% 
29.0% 
23.0% 
    100.0% 
91.6% 
      n/a (4) 
      n/a (8) 
    n/a(6) 
24.6% 
29.0% 
15.6% 
    n/a(8) 
11.6% 
6.0% 
      n/a (4) 
43.0% 
      n/a (4) 
      n/a (6) 
66.9% 

- 36 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
   
   
   
    
   
   
   
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES (continued) 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

Details of Loan and Private Asset Positions (continued) 
(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage) 

December 31, 2019 

Ref. no. 
Real Estate Private Credit 
  and Real Estate Assets 
  REPC-1207 
  REPC-1068S4 
  REPC-2277 

Investments by industry 

Hospitality 
Residential 
Land 
- Commercial Development 
Land 
- Multi-Family Development 
Land 
- Commercial Development 
Land 
- Multi-Family Development  
Commercial 
Hospitality 
Residential 
Residential 
Residential 
Hospitality 
Land 
- Multi-Family Development 
Hospitality 
Residential 
Self Storage 
Land 
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Commercial Development 
Land 
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Commercial Development 

  REPC-2683 

  REPC-2592 

  REPC-4698 
  REPC-1942 
  REPC-2214 
  REPC-4111 
  REPC-4133 
  REPC-4220 
  REPC-2560 
  REPC-3812 

  REPC-2497 
  REPC-1068 
  REPC-4319 
  REPC-4350 

  REPC-4437 

  REPC-4097 

  REPC-4212 

  REPC-2528 
  REPC-4684 

  REPC-1047 

  REPC-4436 

  REPC-5123 

  REPC-1015 

Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Principal (1) 

Investments 
at cost 

Investments 
at fair value 

Geographic 
location 

Collateral 

Total coupon 
(including PIK) (2) 

LTV (3) 

4.6 
3.7 

5.2 
3.7 

6.5 
3.7 

Europe 
North America 

Real Property 
First Mortgage(5) 

n/a(9) 
12.26% 

    n/a(9) 
61.0% 

            3.1 

                3.1 

3.1 

North America 

First Mortgage 

15.00% 

50.0% 

2.6 

2.6 

2.7 

North America 

First Mortgage 

12.51% 

44.0% 

            1.9 

                1.9 

2.0 

North America 

First Mortgage 

10.51% 

79.0% 

2.0 
2.0 
1.4 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
0.9 

1.3 
0.9 
0.7 
1.6 

0.4 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

1.9 
2.0 
1.4 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
0.9 

0.8 
0.9 
0.7 
0.3 

   0.2 

   0.2 

0.2 

   0.2 

   0.2 

            0.2 

                0.1 

0.1 

0.1 

0.1 

   0.1 

            0.1 

                0.1 

0.2 

32.4 

0.1 

30.3 

1.9 
1.6 
1.4 
1.3 
1.2 
1.1 
0.9 

0.8 
0.8 
0.7 
0.3 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

First Mortgage 
Real Property 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 

First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 
Real Property 
First Mortgage 

11.50% 
n/a (10) 
10.51% 
9.25% 
9.83% 
12.00% 
10.51% 

11.50% 
10.51% 
  n/a(9) 
11.00% 

54.0% 
n/a (10) 
    108.0% 
80.0% 
58.0% 
83.0% 
    108.0% 

42.0% 
    108.0% 
    n/a(9) 
64.0% 

Asia/Pacific  

First Mortgage 

11.00% 

69.0% 

Asia/Pacific  

First Mortgage 

11.00% 

55.0% 

Asia/Pacific 

First Mortgage 

11.00% 

  75.0%  

Asia/Pacific  

First Mortgage 

11.00% 

55.0% 

North America 

First Mortgage 

10.00% 

57.0% 

Asia/Pacific 

First Mortgage 

11.00% 

67.0% 

0.1 

North America 

First Mortgage 

15.00% 

53.0% 

0.1 

0.1 

Asia/Pacific  

First Mortgage 

11.00% 

53.0% 

Asia/Pacific 

First Mortgage 

12.00% 

61.0% 

- 

North America 

Real Property 

  n/a(9) 

  n/a(9) 

31.5 

11.78% 

65.9% 

- 37 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
 
    
 
    
 
 
   
   
    
 
    
    
 
    
 
   
   
 
    
 
    
 
 
   
   
    
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
 
    
    
 
    
 
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
    
 
    
    
 
 
   
   
    
 
    
    
 
 
   
   
    
    
   
    
 
    
    
 
 
   
   
 
    
 
    
 
 
   
   
    
   
    
   
 
   
   
    
 
    
    
 
 
   
   
 
    
 
    
 
 
   
   
    
   
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES (continued) 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

Details of Loan and Private Asset Positions (continued) 
(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage) 

December 31, 2019 

Principal (1) 

Investments 
at cost 

Investments 
at fair value 

Geographic 
location 

Collateral 

Total coupon 
(including PIK) (2) 

Investments by industry 

Ref. no. 
Commercial and Industrial Assets 
  CI-1800 
  CI-3045 
  CI-2651 
  CI-2686 
  CI-3978 
  CI-2064 
  CI-1999EQY 
  CI-2201 
  CI-1520 
  CI-4250 
  CI-5001 
  CI-4301 
  CI-2203 
  CI-4753 
  CI-4370 
  CI-2000 
  CI-4091 
  CI-1716 
  CI-3221 
  CI-1035 
  CI-4905 
  CI-5113 
  CI-1999 
  CI-2808 
  CI-1282 
  CI-1018 
Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Oil and Gas 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 

Structured Finance 
  SF-2228 
  SF-2239 
Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Other assets 
Other assets 

North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
Asia/Pacific 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

First Lien 
Asset Pool 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
Equity 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Hard Asset 
Hard Asset 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
Equity 
Asset Pool 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Equity 
First Lien 
First Lien 

14.00% 
n/a (11) 
8.00% 
             18.25% 
n/a (12) 
             12.76% 
                    n/a (4) 
n/a (12) 
                   n/a (13) 
14.76% 
13.20% 
                    n/a (4) 
n/a (12) 
18.00% 
n/a 
                   n/a (8) 
n/a (11) 
n/a (12) 
13.20% 
11.51% 
13.20% 
13.20% 
0.00% 
n/a (4) 
n/a (16) 
9.26% 
13.56% 

LTV (3) 

     27.1% 
    66.3% 
  75.0% 
    80.0% 
  n/a (12) 
  80.0% 
      n/a (4) 
n/a (12) 
    41.0% 
   76.0% 
   52.0% 
13.0%(14) 
  n/a (12) 
   33.0% 
   19.0% 
      n/a (8) 
    49.0% 
  n/a (12) 
   52.0% 
 100.0% 
   52.0% 
   52.0% 
      n/a(15) 
n/a (4) 
   n/a (16) 
 100.0% 
    56.4% 

North America 
North America 

First Lien 
First Lien 

16.00% 
n/a (17) 
16.00% 

80.0% 
54.0% 
    68.4% 

8.9 
   6.3 
            4.0 
4.0 
2.7 
2.9 
2.8 
1.7 
1.9 
1.3 
0.9 
0.6 
0.4 
0.6 
0.5 
            0.5 
   0.4 
- 
0.4 
0.4 
0.2 
0.1 
0.1 
- 
- 
0.2 
41.8 

2.5 
1.9 
   4.4 

8.9 
   6.3 
4.3 
4.1 
3.1 
2.9 
3.1 
1.7 
1.9 
1.2 
0.9 
0.7 
0.4 
0.6 
0.5 
                 0.5 
   0.4 
- 
0.4 
0.5 
0.2 
0.1 
0.1 
- 
- 
0.2 
43.0 

2.5 
1.9 
4.4 

9.2 
   8.0 
4.3 
4.1 
3.7 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
1.9 
1.2 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
  0.6 
0.5 
0.5 
   0.4 
0.4 
0.4 
0.3 
0.2 
0.1 
0.1 
0.1 
  - 
- 
  47.3 

  2.5 
1.9 
  4.4 

- 38 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES (continued) 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

Details of Loan and Private Asset Positions (continued) 
(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage) 

December 31, 2019 

Investments by industry 

Ref. no. 
Consumer Assets 
Consumer 
  CA-3595 
Consumer 
  CA-1052F 
Consumer 
  CA-4718 
Consumer 
  CA-2620 
Consumer 
  CA-4727 
Consumer 
  CA-2204 
Consumer 
  CA-2199 
Consumer 
  CA-3178 
Consumer 
  CA-1788AS3 
Consumer 
  CA-2139 
Consumer 
  CA-1788/1933 
Consumer 
  CA-1933A 
Consumer 
  CA-2762 
Consumer 
  CA-2373 
Consumer 
  CA-2729 
Consumer 
  CA-4007 
Consumer 
  CA-1788A 
Consumer 
  CA-1934 
Consumer 
  CA-2470 
  CA-1052S 
Consumer 
Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Principal (1) 

Investments 
at cost 

Investments 
at fair value 

Geographic 
location 

Collateral 

Total coupon 
(including PIK) (2) 

5.1 
2.6 
2.0 
0.6 
1.5 
2.5 
1.3 
4.0 
1.3 
1.0 
0.6 
0.8 
0.6 
0.2 
0.8 
0.3 
0.4 
0.2 
0.1 
1.5 
27.4 

4.9 
2.6 
2.0 
0.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.1 
0.6 
0.8 
0.6 
0.2 
0.8 
0.3 
0.4 
0.2 
0.1 
1.5 
23.6 

North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
Latin America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Asset Pool 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 

5.0 
2.5 
2.2 
1.6 
1.5 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.0 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
0.5 
0.5 
0.4 
0.3 
0.3 
0.2 
0.1 
- 
22.5 

15.50% 
   15.66% 
                   29.00% 
                   n/a (18) 
                   25.00% 
             14.91% 
12.00% 
15.00% 
                 n/a (18) 
                 n/a (18) 
                 n/a (18) 
                 n/a (18) 
             n/a (19) 
n/a (17) 
               n/a (17) 
16.00% 
                 n/a (18) 
                 n/a (18) 
11.26% 
15.66% 
17.99% 

LTV (3) 

  81.1% 
  116.0% 
     66.0% 
     27.0% 
     64.0% 
    80.0% 
  95.0% 
80.0% 
    82.0% 
100.0% 
    82.0% 
    82.0% 
    n/a (19) 
  52.0% 
  252.0% 
    28.0% 
 82.0% 
 82.0% 
80.0% 
116.0% 
    81.5% 

Total / Weighted average % 

    66.3% 
1    Principal represents the total funding commitment of a loan which, if applicable, is inclusive of any unfunded portion of the commitment at the end of the reporting period.  Where a loan 
is issued at a discount, the cost amount includes the accreted discount as of the end of the reporting period.  A loan may also be acquired at a cost lower than the par value of the 
principal outstanding. 

   $  166.3 

13.09% 

160.0 

167.6 

   $ 

  $ 

2  Some investments bear  interest at  a rate that  may be  determined  by reference to London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”)  or  Prime which reset daily, monthly, quarterly, or  semi-
annually and may be subject to a floor.  For each, the Company has provided the current contractual interest rate in effect at December 31, 2019.   Interest rates listed are inclusive of 
PIK, where applicable.  PIK is interest paid in kind through an increase in the principal amount of the loan.  The internal rate of  return for many investments is generally greater than or 
equal to the total coupon (additional yield resulting from original issue  discounts and/or some form of profit sharing, e.g. warrants).  In the event that the internal rate of return on the 
investment is less than the stated rate, the lower rate is noted. 

3  Loan to value (“LTV”) represents the value of the outstanding loan as a percentage of the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral as of December 31, 2019. 
4 
Investment is not a loan. Metric is not applicable. 
5  Denotes subordinate position within the structure. 
6 
7  The first lien term loan is primed by a debtor-in-possession loan, of which the Arena group is a participant. 
8 

Investment is a warrant to purchase an equity interest in an operating company.   

Investment is a preferred equity investment. 
Investment represents owned real estate acquired through lender default. 
Investment is directly held property acquired when the Arena group and its partners foreclosed upon a related loan. 
Investment represents a credit pool purchase with no stated interest rate. 
Investment represents an aircraft purchased.  Coupon and LTV not applicable to hard assets. 
Investment in litigation claim proceeds with no stated coupon rate. 
Investment represents a right to collect a fixed cash flow stream. While not technically a loan, the contract is backed by assets valued at 3-4 times the total collection amount. 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 
14 
15      Investment is a maturity default where the Arena Group and its partners acquired the borrower in bankruptcy. 
16      Investment is remaining profit participation on a repaid off loan. 
17 
18 
19      Investment represents an unsecured credit pool purchase with no stated interest rate. 

Investment with no stated coupon rate. 
Interest not accrued on loans purchased as non-performing. 

- 39 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES (continued) 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

Details of the Loan and Private Asset positions of the Arena FINCOs is as follows: 

Details of Loan and Private Asset Positions 
(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage) 

December 31, 2018 

Investments by industry 

Ref. no. 
Corporate Private Credit 
  CPC-2209 
  CPC-3198 
  CPC-3222 
  CPC-3349 
  CPC-2514 
  CPC-2364 
  CPC-1266TL 
  CPC-1361TL 
  CPC-3083TL 
  CPC-2208 
  CPC-3316 
  CPC-3199 
  CPC-3824 
  CPC-3376 
  CPC-2752 
  CPC-1927 
  CPC-2170 
  CPC-3107 
  CPC-2104 
  CPC-3391 
  CPC-3349EQY 
  CPC-2397  
  CPC-1265TL 
  CPC-3108 
  CPC-3083 
  CPC-2752A 
  CPC-3373 
  CPC-1010 
  CPC-1265RC 
  CPC-1266RC 
Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Other Assets 
Oil and Gas 
Oil and Gas 
Business Services 
Other Assets 
Retail 
Business Services 
Healthcare Services 
Business Services 
Business Services 
Business Services 
Oil and Gas 
Oil and Gas 
Business Services 
Other Assets 
Financial Services 
Oil and Gas 
Business Services   
Business Services 
Healthcare Services 
Business Services 
Financial Services 
Consumer Products 
Business Services 
Business Services 
Financial Services 
Oil and Gas 
Oil and Gas 
Consumer Products 
Business Services 

Principal (1) 

Investments 
at cost 

Investments 
at fair value 

Geographic 
location 

Collateral 

Total coupon 
(including PIK) (2) 

     $   6.9 
3.7 
4.6 
4.4 
3.4 
2.5 
2.3 
2.3 
2.5 
2.2 
2.1 
1.9 
4.0 
1.6 
1.6 
1.4 
2.2 
1.4 
- 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
0.7 
0.6 
0.5 
0.4 
0.5 
0.2 
0.4 
0.4 
57.1 

$   6.9 
3.7 
4.5 
3.7 
3.3 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
1.8 
2.0 
1.6 
1.6 
1.4 
1.2 
1.4 
- 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
0.7 
0.6 
0.5 
0.4 
0.3 
0.2 
0.2 
- 
51.8 

$   8.5 
4.8 
4.5 
3.5 
3.3 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
1.6 
1.6 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.2 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
0.7 
0.6 
0.5 
0.4 
0.3 
0.2 
0.2 
- 
56.2 

Europe 
North America 
North America 
Asia/Pacific 
Latin America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
Asia/Pacific 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

Equity 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien(5) 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
Second Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien(6) 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Equity 
Equity 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
Equity 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 

                    n/a (4) 
                n/a (4) 
13.88% 
12.00% 
12.50% 
11.54% 
9.50% 
13.00% 
13.50% 
11.75% 
10.50% 
15.00% 
10.56% 
12.50% 
14.50% 
15.00% 
5.75% 
12.45% 
                n/a (7) 
10.13% 
n/a(8) 
                n/a (4) 
9.81% 
10.75% 
                    n/a (8) 
14.50% 
10.00% 
14.00% 
9.81% 
9.50% 
12.15% 

LTV (3) 

      n/a (4) 
      n/a (4) 
    59.0% 
    54.0% 
    37.0% 
    55.0% 
    44.0% 
    62.0% 
    87.0% 
    13.0% 
    72.0% 
    40.0% 
    32.0% 
    31.0% 
    40.0% 
    49.0% 
    87.0% 
    27.0% 
      n/a (7) 
    16.0% 
    n/a(8) 
      n/a (4) 
    25.0% 
9.0% 
      n/a (8) 
    40.0% 
    15.0% 
    43.0% 
    25.0% 
    44.0% 
    47.6% 

- 40 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES (continued) 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

Details of the Loan and Private Asset positions of the Arena FINCOs is as follows: 

Details of Loan and Private Asset Positions (continued) 
(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage) 

December 31, 2018 

Ref. no. 

Investments by industry 

Principal (1) 

Investments 
at cost 

Investments 
at fair value 

Geographic 
location 

Collateral 

Total coupon 
(including PIK) (2) 

LTV (3) 

Real Estate Private Credit 
  and Real Estate Assets 

  REPC-1068S4 
  REPC-1207 
  REPC-2277 

  REPC-3700 
  REPC-2683 

  REPC-2692 

  REPC-2592 

  REPC-1942 
  REPC-2214 
  REPC-3655 

  REPC-1766 
  REPC-2560 
  REPC-2497 
  REPC-2187 
  REPC-3037 
REPC-2736EUR 
  REPC-1068 
  REPC-2159 
  REPC-3035 
  REPC-1017 

  REPC-1047 

  REPC-1042 
  REPC-1015 

Residential 
Hospitality 
Land 
- Commercial Development 
Commercial 
Land 
- Multi-Family Development 
Land  
- Single-Family Development 
Land 
- Commercial Development 
Commercial 
Hospitality 
Land 
- Commercial Development 
Residential 
Hospitality 
Hospitality 
Retail 
Hospitality 
Commercial 
Residential 
Commercial 
Hospitality 
Land 
- Commercial Development 
Land 
- Commercial Development 
Residential 
Land 
- Commercial Development 

Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Commercial and Industrial Assets 
  CI-3045 
  CI-2253 
  CI-1811 
  CI-1800 
  CI-3978 
  CI-2686 
  CI-2201 
  CI-2651 
  CI-3044 
  CI-1999 
  CI-2866 
  CI-1519 
  CI-2808 
  CI-1793 
  CI-1520 
  CI-2203 
  CI-2064 
  CI-1716 
  CI-1999 
  CI-2000 
  CI-1035 
  CI-2323 
  CI-1018 
Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Lease/Equipment 
Other assets 

3.7 
3.1 

3.7 
2.9 

            3.1 
2.7 

                3.1 
2.7 

2.6 

2.5 

2.6 

2.6 

            1.9 
1.8 
1.3 

                1.9 
1.8 
1.3 

1.0 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
2.5 
0.6 
0.4 
0.3 

0.1 

0.1 
0.1 

0.2 
25.0 

1.0 
1.1 
0.9 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
2.4 
0.6 
0.4 
0.3 

0.1 

0.1 
0.1 

0.1 
32.1 

   8.3 
7.0 
5.8 
5.1 
4.8 
6.2 
3.8 
            4.0 
3.0 
2.8 
2.5 
3.0 
2.4 
1.3 
1.9 
1.4 
1.5 
0.2 
0.5 
            0.2 
0.4 
0.2 
0.2 
 66.5 

   8.3 
   7.0 
5.8 
5.1 
4.8 
4.8 
3.9 
4.3 
2.8 
3.0 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
1.3 
1.9 
1.4 
1.2 
0.2 
0.5 
                 0.2 
0.4 
0.2 
0.2 
64.7 

- 41 - 

3.7 
3.2 

3.1 
2.7 

North America 
Europe 

First Mortgage(5) 
First Mortgage 

North America 
North America 

First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 

13.00% 
7.00% 

    61.0% 
    43.0% 

15.00% 
15.50% 

    50.0% 
    44.0% 

2.6 

North America 

First Mortgage 

13.25% 

    59.0% 

2.5 

2.0 
1.6 
1.3 

1.0 
0.9 
0.9 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
0.7 
0.6 
0.4 
0.3 

Asia/Pacific 

First Mortgage 

13.50% 

    33.0% 

North America 
North America 
North America 

First Mortgage 
Real Property 
First Mortgage 

North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
Europe 
North America 
North America 
North America 

First Mortgage(5) 
Real Property 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 
Real Property 
First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 

11.25% 
n/a (9) 
11.25% 

11.50% 
n/a (9) 
11.25% 
11.25% 
10.70% 
10.75% 
15.00% 
n/a (9) 
12.00% 
12.50% 

    79.0% 
n/a (9) 
    67.0% 

55.0% 
    n/a (9) 
    68.0% 
    82.0% 
    82.0% 
    77.0% 
100.0%+ 
    n/a (9) 
    10.0% 
    63.0% 

0.2 

North America 

First Mortgage 

15.00% 

66.0% 

0.1 
0.1 

North America 
North America 

First Mortgage 
First Mortgage 

North America 

Real Property 

North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

Asset Pool 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
Hard Asset 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 
Equity 
First Lien 
Hard Asset 
First Lien 

- 
30.3 

   8.2 
7.9 
5.8 
5.2 
4.8 
4.7 
4.3 
4.3 
2.8 
2.7 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.0 
1.9 
1.4 
1.3 
0.6 
0.4 
0.3 
0.3 
0.1 
- 
66.4 

15.00% 
15.00% 

    53.0% 
    32.0% 

n/a (9) 
12.40% 

n/a (9) 
    56.8% 

n/a (10) 
14.00% 
15.00% 
14.00% 
n/a (11) 
             18.75% 
n/a (11) 
8.00% 
                   n/a  
             14.00% 
  11.29% 
15.00% 
14.00% 
n/a (11) 
                   n/a (12) 
n/a (11) 
             13.50% 
n/a (11) 
14.00% 
                   n/a (9) 
11.63% 
n/a (11) 
9.38% 
        13.92% 

66.0% 
92.0% 
  89.0% 
     26.0% 
  n/a (11) 
80.0% 
  n/a (11) 
  75.0% 
     75.0% 
100.0% 
80.0% 
38.0% 
80.0% 
  n/a (11) 
41.0% 
  n/a (11) 
  76.0% 
  n/a (11) 
    100.0%+ 
      n/a(9) 
  100.0% 
  n/a (11) 
  100.0% 
72.5% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
   
    
    
   
 
    
 
    
 
 
   
    
    
   
   
    
 
    
    
 
    
 
   
    
 
    
    
 
    
 
   
 
    
 
    
 
 
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
 
    
   
    
   
 
   
    
    
   
    
   
    
   
 
   
   
    
    
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
   
   
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

14.  ADDITIONAL ARENA GROUP INVESTMENT SCHEDULES (continued) 

THE ARENA FINCOs 

Details of the Loan and Private Asset positions of the Arena FINCOs is as follows: 

Details of Loan and Private Asset Positions (continued) 
(unaudited) 
(millions except for percentage) 

December 31, 2018 

Investments by industry 

Ref. no. 
Structured Finance 
  SF-2228 
  SF-2228DD1 
  SF-2261 
  SF-1038 
Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 
Other assets 

Consumer Assets 
Consumer 
  CA-1839 
Consumer 
  CA-1052F 
Consumer 
  CA-2620 
Consumer 
  CA-2204 
Consumer 
  CA-2373 
Consumer 
  CA-1788AS3 
Consumer 
  CA-1788/1933 
Consumer 
  CA-1998 
Consumer 
  CA-2139 
Consumer 
  CA-3178 
Consumer 
  CA-1933A 
Consumer 
  CA-2762 
Consumer 
  CA-2199 
Consumer 
  CA-2729 
Consumer 
  CA-1934 
Consumer 
  CA-1788A 
Consumer 
  CA-4007 
Consumer 
  CA-2470 
Consumer 
  CA-3196 
  CA-1052S 
Consumer 
Subtotal / Weighted average % 

Principal (1) 

Investments 
at cost 

Investments 
at fair value 

Geographic 
location 

Collateral 

Total coupon 
(including PIK) (2) 

LTV (3) 

2.4 
1.7 
0.3 
0.2 
4.6 

3.7 
2.9 
2.6 
4.3 
0.9 
1.3 
0.8 
1.2 
1.0 
5.7 
0.8 
0.7 
0.5 
0.6 
0.2 
0.4 
0.3 
3.2 
0.3 
1.5 
32.9 

2.4 
1.3 
0.3 
0.2 
4.2 

3.7 
2.9 
2.4 
1.4 
0.9 
1.3 
0.8 
1.1 
1.1 
0.9 
0.8 
0.7 
0.5 
0.6 
0.2 
0.4 
0.3 
0.1 
0.3 
1.5 
21.9 

North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 

  2.4 
1.3 
0.3 
0.2 
4.2 

16.00% 
16.00% 
18.00% 
n/a (13) 
16.15% 

80.0% 
    80.0% 
  78.0% 
5.0% 
    76.7% 

North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
Latin America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 
North America 

First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Asset Pool 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
Second Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 
First Lien 

3.7 
2.7 
2.6 
1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.1 
1.0 
0.9 
0.7 
0.7 
0.5 
0.4 
0.3 
0.3 
0.3 
0.1 
0.1 
- 
20.6 

18.00% 
   15.66% 
                   n/a (14) 
             15.81% 
12.00% 
                 n/a (14) 
                 n/a (14) 
7.87% 
                   n/a (14) 
15.81% 
                   n/a (14) 
             n/a (15) 
12.00% 
n/a (13) 
n/a (14) 
n/a (14) 
16.00% 
11.17% 
                   n/a(13) 
15.66% 
15.11% 

    66.0% 
  100.0% 
     25.0% 
    80.0% 
    52.0% 
    78.0% 
    78.0% 
    70.0% 
   100.0% 
    80.0% 
    78.0% 
    n/a (15) 
  95.0% 
100.0% 
78.0% 
78.0% 
54.0% 
80.0% 
100.0% 
100.0% 
    71.9% 

Total / Weighted average % 

   $  186.1 

   $ 

174.7 

  $ 

177.7 

13.20% 

    62.7% 

1  Principal represents the total funding commitment of a loan which, if applicable, is inclusive of any unfunded portion of the commitment at the end of the reporting period.  Where a loan 
is issued at a discount, the cost amount includes the accreted discount as of the end of the reporting period.  A loan may also be acquired at a cost lower than the par value of the 
principal outstanding. 

2  Some investments bear  interest at  a rate that  may be  determined  by reference to London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”)  or  Prime which reset daily, monthly, quarterly, or  semi-
annually and may be subject to a floor.  For each, the Company has provided the current contractual interest rate in effect at December 31, 2018.   Interest rates listed are inclusive of 
PIK, where applicable.  PIK is interest paid in kind through an increase in the principal amount of the loan.  The internal rate of return for many investments is generally greater than or 
equal to the total coupon (additional yield resulting from original issue discounts and/or some form of profit sharing, e.g.  warrants).  In the event that the internal rate of return on the 
investment is less than the stated rate, the lower rate is noted. 

3  Loan to value (“LTV”) represents the value of the outstanding loan as a percentage of the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral as of December 31, 2018. 
4 
Investment is not a loan. Metric is not applicable. 
5  Denotes subordinate position within the structure. 
6  The first lien term loan is primed by a debtor-in-possession loan, of which the Arena group is a participant. 
7 

Investment is remaining profit participation on a paid off loan. 
Investment is a preferred equity investment. 
Investment represents owned real estate acquired through lender default. 
Investment represents a credit pool purchase with no stated interest rate. 
Investment represents an aircraft purchased.  Coupon and LTV not applicable to hard assets. 
Investment in litigation claim proceeds with no stated coupon rate. 
Investment with no stated coupon rate. 
Interest not accrued on loans purchased as non-performing. 
Investment represents an unsecured credit pool purchase with no stated interest rate. 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 
14 
15 

- 42 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
    
    
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
    
    
   
   
 
    
    
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

15.  NON-GAAP MEASURES 

(a)  Book value per share 

Book value per share is computed as book value divided by the adjusted number of common shares.  Management believes book value per share 
is a useful financial performance measure of the Company as, the relative increase or decrease from period to period in book value per share 
should approximate over the long term the relative increase or decrease in the intrinsic value of the Company’s businesses, in large part because 
book value reflects the fair value of the Company's primary investments which are accounted for at fair value through profit or loss under IFRS.  
However, book value is not necessarily equivalent to the net realizable value of the Company’s assets per share. 

The table below provides the reconciliation of the Company’s shareholders’ equity at the end of the period, determined on an IFRS basis, to book 
value, and the number of common shares outstanding at the end of the period to the adjusted number of common shares: 

(millions except share and per share data) 
Book value (in US$): 
   Shareholders’ equity per IFRS 
   Adjustments: 
      RSU liability 1 
      Derivative warrant liability 2 

Number of common shares: 
   Number of common shares outstanding 
   Adjustments for assumed exercise of: 
      Outstanding RSUs 1 
Adjusted number of common shares 

Book value per share - in US$ 
Book value per share - in C$ 3 

Westaim TSXV closing share price - in C$ 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 2018 

  $ 

354.8 

  $ 

345.2 

6.2 
1.9 
362.9 

  $ 

5.7 
2.4 
353.3 

  $ 

143,186,718 

143,186,718 

3,034,261 
146,220,979 

3,034,261 
146,220,979 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

2.48 
3.22 

2.65 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

2.42 
3.30 

2.58 

1  See note 14 to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.  Liability related to RSUs converted 
from C$ to US$ at period end exchange rates.  RSUs are exercisable for common shares  or cash  at no cost to the holders.  Adjustment made to reflect a 
reclassification of the RSU liability to shareholders’ equity assuming all outstanding RSUs were exercised for common shares. 

2  See note 10 to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.  Derivative warrant liability converted 
from C$ to US$ at period end exchange rates.  Adjustment made as the non-cash fair value change in the derivative warrant liability from period to period is not 
indicative of the change in the intrinsic value of the Company.  Vested Warrants not included in the adjusted number of common shares as none of them were in-
the-money at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. 

3  Book value per share converted from US$ to C$ at period end exchange rates.  Period end exchange rates:  1.29865 at December 31, 2019 and 1.36430 at 

December 31, 2018. 

4  See note 14 to the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the  years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.  No adjustments were made for 
options for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 since they were not in-the money. The exercise of in-the-money options would have resulted in an 
infusion of capital to the Company. 

(b)  Net Returns on the Arena FINCOs Investment Portfolios 

Net Return on the Arena FINCOs investment portfolios is the aggregate of investment income, net of gains (losses) on investments less interest 
expense,  management,  asset  servicing  and  incentive  fees,  and  deal  expenses  and  other  operating  expenses  of  the  Arena  FINCOs  divided  by 
average carrying values for the Arena FINCOs, for the period. 

16.   CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FUTURE ORIENTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

Certain portions of this MD&A, as well as other public statements by the Company, contain forward-looking statements.  In particular, the words 
"strategy", "may", "will", "continue", "developed", "objective", "potential", "exploring", "could", "expect", "expected", "expects", “tends”, "indicates", 
and words and expressions of similar import, are intended to identify forward-looking statements.  Such forward-looking statements include but are 
not limited to statements concerning: strategies, alternatives and objectives to maximize value for shareholders; expectations and assumptions 
relating to the  Company’s business plan; expectations  and assumptions relating  to the business and operations of HIIG and the Arena Group; 
expectations regarding the Company’s assets and liabilities; the Company’s ability to retain key employees; management’s belief that its estimates 
for determining the valuation of the Company’s assets and liabilities are appropriate; the Company’s views regarding potential future remediation 
costs; the effect of changes to interpretations of tax legislation on income tax provisions in future periods; and the Company’s determination that 
the adoption of new accounting standards will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. 

- 43 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation                                                                                                                              
Management’s Discussion and Analysis                                                                                                              
Year ended December 31, 2019 
(Currency amounts in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated) 

16.   CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FUTURE ORIENTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION (continued) 

These  statements  are  based  on  current  expectations  that  are  subject  to  risks,  uncertainties  and  assumptions  and  the  Company  can  give  no 
assurance  that  these  expectations  are  correct.    By  their  nature,  these  statements  are  subject  to  inherent  risks  and  uncertainties  that  may  be 
general or specific.  A variety of material factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, may affect the operations, financial position, 
performance and results of the Company and its business, and could cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations expressed in 
any of these forward-looking statements. 

The Company’s actual results or financial position could differ materially from those anticipated by these forward-looking statements for various 
reasons generally beyond the  Company’s control, including,  without limitation, the following factors:  risks inherent in acquisitions generally; the 
volatility of the stock market and other factors affecting the Company’s share price; future sales of a substantial number of the Company’s common 
shares;  the  Company’s  ability  to  generate  revenue  from  its  investments;  the  Company’s  ability  to  raise  additional  capital;  environmental  risks; 
regulatory  requirements  may  delay  or  deter  a  change  in  control  of  the  Company;  fluctuations  in  the  US$  to  C$  exchange  rate;  the  potential 
treatment of the Company as a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes; Arena’s limited operating record and 
history of operating losses; Arena’s ability to mitigate operational and due diligence risks; the subjective nature of the valuation methods for certain 
of  Arena’s  investments;  Arena’s  ability  to  mitigate  regulatory  and  other  legal  risks;  Arena’s  ability  to  find  appropriate  investment  opportunities; 
Arena Investors’ ability to successfully navigate and secure compliance with regulations applicable to it and its business; the performance of the 
investments  of  Arena;  Arena’s  investment  in  illiquid  investments;  Arena’s  ability  to  manage  risks  related  to  its  risk  management  procedures; 
dependence by Arena on key management and staff; Arena Investors’ ability to compete against current and potential future competitors; conflicts 
of interest; employee error or misconduct; Arena’s ability to finance borrowers in a variety of industries; dependence by the Arena FINCOs on the 
creditworthiness of borrowers; the ability of the Arena FINCOs to mitigate the risk of default by and bankruptcy of a borrower; the ability of  the 
Arena FINCOs to adequately obtain, perfect and secure loans; the  ability of  the Arena FINCOs to limit the  need for enforcement or liquidation 
procedures; the ability of the Arena FINCOs to protect against fraud; changes to the regulation of the asset-based lending industry; United States 
tax  law  implications  relating  to  the  conduct  of  a  U.S.  trade  or  business;    the  occurrence  of  catastrophic  events  including  terrorist  attacks  and 
weather  related  natural disasters; the cyclical nature of the property and casualty insurance industry; HIIG’s ability to adequately maintain loss 
reserves to cover its estimated liability for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses; the effects of emerging claim and coverage issues on 
HIIG’s business; the effect of government regulations designed to protect policyholders and creditors rather than investors;  the effect of climate 
change on the risks that HIIG insures; HIIG’s reliance on brokers and third parties to sell its products to clients; the effect of intense competition 
and/or  industry  consolidation;  HIIG’s  ability  to  accurately  assess  underwriting  risk;  the  effect  of  risk  retentions  on  HIIG’s  risk  exposure;  HIIG’s 
ability to alleviate risk through reinsurance; dependence by HIIG on key employees; the effect of litigation and regulatory actions; HIIG’s ability to 
successfully manage credit risk (including credit risk related to the financial health of reinsurers); HIIG’s ability to compete against larger more well-
established  competitors;  unfavourable  capital  market  developments  or  other  factors  which  may  affect  the  investments  of  HIIG;  HIIG’s  ability  to 
maintain its financial strength and issuer credit ratings; HIIG’s ability to obtain additional funding; HIIG’s ability to successfully pursue its acquisition 
strategy; HIIG’s possible exposure to goodwill or intangible asset impairment in connection with its acquisitions; HIIG’s ability to receive dividends 
from  its  subsidiaries;  HIIG’s  reliance  on  information  technology  and  telecommunications  systems;  dependence  by  HIIG  on  certain  third  party 
service providers; and other risk factors set forth herein or in the Company’s annual report or other public filings.  

The  Company  disclaims  any  intention  or  obligation  to  revise  forward-looking  statements  whether  as  a  result  of  new  information,  future 
developments or otherwise except as required by law.  All forward-looking statements are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary 
statement. 

- 44 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
March 26, 2020 

MANAGEMENT'S RESPONSIBILITY 
FOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements including the notes thereto have been prepared by, 
and are the responsibility of, the management of The Westaim Corporation.   This responsibility includes 
selecting  appropriate  accounting  policies  and  making  estimates  and  informed  judgments  based  on  the 
anticipated  impact  of  current  transactions,  events  and  trends,  consistent  with  International  Financial 
Reporting  Standards.    The  Board  of  Directors  is  responsible  for  ensuring  that  management  fulfills  its 
responsibility for financial reporting and internal control.  In meeting our responsibility for the reliability and 
timeliness  of  financial  information,  the  Company  maintains  and  relies  upon  a  comprehensive  system  of 
internal  controls  including  organizational,  procedural  and  disclosure  controls.    The  Audit  Committee, 
which is comprised of three Directors, all of whom are independent, meets with management as well as 
the  external  auditors  to  satisfy  itself  that  management  is  properly  discharging  its  financial  reporting 
responsibilities  and  to  review  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  report  of  the  auditors.    It 
reports its findings to the Board of Directors who approve the consolidated financial statements. 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been audited by Deloitte LLP, the independent 
auditors,  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  auditing  standards.    The  auditors  have  full  and 
unrestricted access to the Audit Committee. 

J. Cameron MacDonald 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

Glenn G. MacNeil 
Chief Financial Officer 

- 45 - 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deloitte LLP 
Bay Adelaide East 
8 Adelaide Street West 
Suite 200 
Toronto ON M5H 0A9 
Canada 

Tel: 416-601-6150 
Fax: 416-601-6610 
www.deloitte.ca 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of 
The Westaim Corporation  

Opinion 
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of The Westaim Corporation (the “Company”), 
which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2019 and 2018, and 
the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the 
years then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant 
accounting policies (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). 

In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of the Company as at December 31, 2019 and 2018, and its financial performance and its cash 
flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  

Basis for Opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards (“Canadian 
GAAS”). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities 
for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in 
Canada, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We 
believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. 

Other Information 
Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises: 

● Management’s Discussion and Analysis

●

The information, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon, in the Annual
Report.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial 
statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, consider 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge 
obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  

We obtained Management’s Discussion and Analysis and Annual Report prior to the date of this auditor’s 
report. If, based on the work we have performed on this other information, we conclude that there is a 
material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact in this auditor’s report. 
We have nothing to report in this regard.  

-46-

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Financial 
Statements 
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in 
accordance with IFRS, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or 
error. 

In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the 
going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease 
operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process. 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with Canadian GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it 
exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of these financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian GAAS, we exercise professional judgment and maintain 
professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

●

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit
evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting
a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may
involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal
control.

● Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures
that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control.

●

●

Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting
estimates and related disclosures made by management.

Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and,
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. If
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s
report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to
modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our
auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as
a going concern.

-47-

●

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the
disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in
a manner that achieves fair presentation.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope 
and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal 
control that we identify during our audit. 

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Matthew Welchinski. 

Chartered Professional Accountants 

Licensed Public Accountants 

Toronto, Ontario 

March 26, 2020 

-48-

The Westaim Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

(thousands of United States dollars)

ASSETS

Cash 
Income tax receivable (note 16)
Loans receivable (note 4)
Other assets (note 2j and 5)
Investments (note 2j and 6)

LIABILITIES

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (note 7)
Income tax payable (note 16)
Preferred securities (note 8)
Derivative warrant liability (note 10)
Site restoration provision (note 11)
Deferred tax liability (note 16)

Commitments and contingent liabilities (note 12)

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

Share capital (note 13)
Contributed surplus (note 14)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (note 2o)
Deficit

December 31
2019

December 31
2018

$

$

$

$

22,240
427
-
2,298
385,784
410,749

10,770
387
38,502
1,921
4,097
399
56,076

382,182
17,486
(2,227)
(42,768)
354,673
410,749

$

$

$

$

7,836
-
14,660
982
373,921
397,399

9,605
-
36,649
2,382
3,584
-
52,220

382,182
16,516
(2,227)
(51,292)
345,179
397,399

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

Approved on behalf of the Board

Ian W. Delaney
Director

John W. Gildner
Director

- 49 -

 
              
                
                   
                    
                    
              
                
                   
            
            
            
            
              
                
                   
                    
              
              
                
                
                
                
                   
                    
              
              
            
            
              
              
               
               
             
             
            
            
            
            
The Westaim Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Profit and Comprehensive Income 

(thousands of United States dollars except share and per share data)

Revenue

Interest income (note 15)
Dividend income from investments in private entities (note 15)
Fee income (note 15)

Net results of investments

Unrealized gain on investments in private entities, net of dividends (note 6)
Share of loss from investment in associates (note 6)
Unrealized gain on other investments (note 6)

Net expenses

Salaries and benefits
General, administrative and other

Professional fees
Site restoration provision (note 11)
Share-based compensation (note 14)
Foreign exchange 
Interest on preferred securities (note 8)
Interest on lease liability (note 5)
Derivative warrant (note 10)

Income before income tax
Income tax expense (note 16)

Profit and comprehensive income

Earnings per share (note 17)

Basic
Diluted

Common shares outstanding

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

- 50 -

Year Ended December 31

2019

2018

$

2,071
4,698
2,404
9,173

9,960
(86)
239
10,113

3,674
947

1,024
348
1,418
1,070
1,899
1
(557)
9,824

9,462
(938)

3,060
-
1,440
4,500

17,465
(1,101)
214
16,578

3,746
1,032

910
99
1,557
(1,149)
1,902
-
(3,812)
4,285

16,793
-

8,524

$

16,793

0.06
0.06

$
$

0.12
0.11

143,187

143,187

$

$

$
$

                 
                 
                 
                     
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               
                     
                
                    
                    
               
               
                 
                 
                    
                 
                 
                    
                    
                      
                 
                 
                 
                
                 
                 
                        
                     
                   
                
                 
                 
                 
               
                   
                     
                 
               
             
             
The Westaim Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

Year ended December 31, 2019

(thousands of United States dollars)

Share
Capital

Contributed
Surplus

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Deficit

Total
Equity

Balance at January 1, 2019

$

382,182

$

16,516

$

(2,227)

$

(51,292)

$

345,179

Stock option plan expense (note 14)
Profit and comprehensive income

-
-

970
-

-
-

-
8,524

970
8,524

Balance at December 31, 2019

$

382,182

$

17,486

$

(2,227)

$

(42,768)

$

354,673

Year ended December 31, 2018

(thousands of United States dollars)

Share
Capital

Contributed
Surplus

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Deficit

Total
Equity

Balance at January 1, 2018

$

382,182

$

14,172

$

(2,227)

$

(68,085)

$

326,042

Stock option plan expense (note 14)
Profit and comprehensive income

-
-

2,344
-

-
-

-
16,793

2,344
16,793

Balance at December 31, 2018

$

382,182

$

16,516

$

(2,227)

$

(51,292)

$

345,179

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

- 51 -

       
         
                   
        
       
               
              
                         
               
              
               
               
                         
           
           
       
         
                   
        
       
       
         
                   
        
       
               
           
                         
               
           
               
               
                         
         
         
       
         
                   
        
       
Year Ended December 31
2018
2019

$

8,524
(9,960)
86
(239)
1,418
348
(49)
(10)
49
1,484
(557)
(427)
387
399

(1,115)
1,007
1,345

(3,789)
18,601
(3)
(1,750)
13,059

14,404

7,836
22,240

$

16,793
(17,465)
1,101
(214)
1,557
99
-
(12)
42
(2,060)
(3,812)
-
-
-

(262)
632
(3,601)

(3,717)
11,109
(18)
(3,750)
3,624

23

7,813
7,836

22,240

$

7,836

1,876

$

1,942

$

$

$

$

The Westaim Corporation
Consolidated Cash Flow Statements

(thousands of United States dollars)

Operating activities

Profit 
Unrealized gain on investments in private entities, net of dividends (note 6)
Share of loss of associates (note 6)
Unrealized gain on other investments (note 6)
Share-based compensation (note 14)
Site restoration provision (note 11)
Site restoration net payments
Lease expense
Depreciation and amortization
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss
Change in fair value of derivative warrant liability (note 10)
Change in income tax receivable (note 16)
Change in income tax payable (note 16)
Change in deferred tax Liability  (note 16)
Net change in other non-cash balances

Other assets
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Cash provided from (used in) operating activities

Investing activities

Loans made to subsidiaries (note 4)
Repayment of loans made to subsidiaries (note 4)
Purchase of capital assets
Loans made to associates (note 6)
Cash provided from investing activities

Net increase in cash

Cash, beginning of period
Cash, end of period

Cash is composed of:

Cash

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Interest paid

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

- 52 -

                
              
               
             
                      
                
                  
                  
                
                
                   
                      
                    
                    
                    
                    
                      
                      
                
               
                  
               
                  
                    
                   
                    
                   
                    
               
                  
                
                   
                
               
               
               
              
              
                      
                    
               
               
              
                
              
                      
                
                
              
                
              
                
                
                
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

1 

Nature of Operations 

The  Westaim  Corporation  (“Westaim”)  was  incorporated  on  May  7,  1996  by  articles  of  incorporation  under  the  Business  Corporations  Act 
(Alberta).  Westaim’s head office is located at Suite 1700, 70 York Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  These consolidated financial statements 
were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors of Westaim on March 26, 2020. 

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Westaim and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Westaim Management Limited 
Partnership  (“Management  LP”),  Westaim  Management  GP  Inc.  (“Management  GP”),  Westaim  HIIG  GP  Inc.  (“HIIG  GP”),  Arena  Finance 
Company II Inc. (“AFCII”) and The Westaim Corporation of America (“WCA”) and are collectively referred to as the “Company”. 

Westaim  is  a  Canadian  investment  company  specializing  in  providing  long-term  capital  to  businesses  operating  primarily  within  the  global 
financial services industry.  The Company’s principal investments consist of Houston International Insurance Group, Ltd. (through  Westaim 
HIIG Limited Partnership) and the Arena Group (as defined in note 6).  Westaim’s common shares are traded on the TSX Venture Exchange 
(the “TSXV”) under the symbol WED. 

All currency amounts are expressed in thousands of United States dollars (“US$”), the functional and presentation currency of the Company, 
except per share data, unless otherwise indicated. 

2 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

The significant accounting policies used to prepare these consolidated financial statements are as follows: 

(a) Basis of preparation 

These consolidated financial statements are prepared in compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). 

The Company meets the definition of an investment entity under IFRS 10 "Consolidated Financial Statements" ("IFRS 10") and measures its 
investments in relevant subsidiaries at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”), instead of consolidating those subsidiaries in its consolidated 
financial statements.  Entities accounted for at FVTPL consist of Westaim HIIG Limited Partnership (the “HIIG Partnership”), and the Arena 
FINCOs (as defined in note 6). 

The financial statements of entities controlled by Westaim which provide investment-related services are consolidated. These entities consist 
of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Management LP, Management GP, HIIG GP, AFCII and WCA.  The financial results of  these entities are 
included  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  from  the  date  that  control  commences  until  the  date  that  control  ceases.    The  Company 
controls an entity when the Company has power over the entity, is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the 
entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity.  Assessment of control is based on the substance of the 
relationship between the Company and the entity and includes consideration of both existing voting rights and, if applicable, potential voting 
rights that are currently exercisable or convertible.  Intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. 

Investment in associates is accounted for using the equity method in accordance with “Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures” (“IAS 
28”) and consists of investments in corporations or limited partnerships where the Company has significant influence.  Significant influence is 
the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over these policies.  The 
Company’s  investment  in  associates  consist  of  its  investment  in  Arena  Investors,  and  is  reported  under  investments  in  the  consolidated 
statements of financial position, with the Company’s share of profit (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) of the associates reported under 
“Net results of investments” in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income. 

(b) Functional and presentation currency 

The US$ is the functional and presentation currency of the Company.  IAS 21 “The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates” describes 
functional currency as the currency of the primary economic environment in which an entity operates.  A significant majority of the Company’s 
revenues and costs are earned and incurred in US$, respectively. 

(c) Use of estimates 

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and 
disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  financial  statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses 
during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from these estimates and changes in estimates are recorded in the reporting period in 
which they are determined.  Key estimates include the fair value of investments in private entities, provision for site restoration, fair value of 
share-based compensation, fair value of derivative warrant liability, and unrecognized deferred tax assets. 

- 53 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

2 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

(d) Judgments made by management 

Key  areas  where  management  has  made  difficult,  complex  or  subjective  judgments  in  the  process  of  applying  the  Company’s  accounting 
policies, often as a result of matters that are inherently uncertain, include determining that the Company meets the definition of an investment 
entity  under  IFRS  10,  valuation  techniques  for  fair  value  determination  of  investments  in  private  entities,  applying  the  equity  method  of 
accounting for associates and determining that the Company’s functional currency is the US$.  For additional information on these judgments, 
see note 6 for investments in private entities and associates and note 2(b) for functional currency. 

(e) Foreign currency translation 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into US$ at rates of exchange prevailing at the time of such transactions.  Monetary assets 
and liabilities transacted in foreign currencies are translated into US$ at rates of exchange at the end of the reporting period.  Non-monetary 
items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using exchange rates at the date when the fair value was measured.  Any 
resulting foreign exchange gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income.   

From time to  time, the  Company may enter into foreign  exchange forward contracts  to manage certain foreign currency exposures  arising 
from foreign currency denominated transactions.  The Company has not designated any foreign exchange forward contracts as accounting 
hedges.    Any  resulting  foreign  exchange  gain  or  loss  arising  from  the  foreign  exchange  forward  contracts  is  included  in  the  consolidated 
statements of profit and comprehensive income. 

(f) Revenue recognition  

Investment income includes interest income and dividend income.  Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis and dividend income is 
recognized on the ex-dividend date.  Advisory and management fees are recorded as fee income over time as these services are performed. 

(g) Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents generally consist of cash on deposit and highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of 90 days or 
less.  At December 31, 2019, the Company’s cash consisted of cash on deposit, including restricted cash on deposit of $3,000 (December 31, 
2018 - $4,375) (see note 9). 

(h) Capital assets 

The Company’s capital assets are included in other assets and are reported at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation is calculated 
based on the estimated useful life of the particular assets which is 3 to 10 years for furniture and equipment.  Leasehold improvements are 
depreciated using the straight-line method over the lesser of the term of the lease or the estimated useful life of the assets.  At the end of each 
reporting  period,  management  reviews  the  carrying  amounts  of  capital  assets  for  any  indication  of  impairment.  An  impairment  loss  is 
recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher 
of fair value less cost to sell and value in use. 

(i) Leases 

A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for 
consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys a right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether,  i) the 
contract involves an identified asset, which is physically distinct and cannot be substituted by the supplier and ii) the Company has the right to 
obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the identified asset during the period of use, the Company has the right to 
operate  the  identified  asset  and  the  Company  designed  the  identified  asset  in  a  way  that  predetermines  how  and  for  what  purpose  the 
identified asset will be used. 

This policy is applied to contracts entered into or modified on or after January 1, 2019. 

The  Company  recognizes  a  right-of-use  asset  and  a  lease  liability  at  the  lease  commencement  date.    The  right  of  use  asset  is  initially 
measured  at  cost,  which  comprises  the  initial  amount  of  the  lease  liability  adjusted  for  any  lease  payments  made  on  or  before  the 
commencement date, plus  any costs incurred to dismantle and  remove  the underlying asset or restore the  underlying asset or the site on 
which it is located, less any lease incentives received. 

The  right  of  use  asset  is  measured  at  cost  less  any  accumulated  depreciation  and  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Depreciation  is 
measured using the straight line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right of use asset or the 
end of the lease term. 

- 54 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

2 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the future lease payments not paid at the commencement date and the lease 
payments  are  discounted  using  the  interest  rate  implicit  in  the  lease  if  the  rate  can  be  readily  determined,  or  the  lessee’s  incremental 
borrowing rate if the rate cannot be determined. 

In accordance with IFRS 16 “Leases” (“IFRS 16”), the Company has elected not to recognize right of use assets and lease liabilities for short 
term leases of less than a term of 12 months and leases of low value. The Company recognizes the lease payments associated with these 
leases as an expense on a straight line basis over the term of the lease. 

(j) Investments 

The  Company’s  investments  in  private  entities  are  classified  as  FVTPL  and  are  carried  at  fair  value.    At  initial  recognition,  investments  in 
private entities are measured at cost, which is representative of fair value, and subsequently, at each reporting date, recorded at fair value 
with  gains  and  losses  arising  from  changes  in  fair  values  including  the  impact  of  dividends  and/or  distributions  being  recorded  in  the 
consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income for the  period in which they arise.  Transaction costs on  the investments are 
expensed as incurred. 

Investments in associates are initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted to recognize the Company’s share of profit (loss) and other 
comprehensive income (loss) of the associates and any dividends and/or distributions received from the associates.  

During 2019, management reclassified its investment in ASOF LP (as hereinafter defined) of $2,708 (December 31, 2018 - $2,469) from other 
assets in the consolidated statements of financial position to investments to improve comparability of investment results. Comparative figures 
have been reclassified to conform to the presentation of the current period. Investment in ASOF LP is classified as FVTPL and are carried at 
fair value.   

Investments in financial assets and instruments that are not traded in an active market, including private entities, are generally valued initially 
at the cost of acquisition on the basis that such cost is a reasonable estimate of fair value.  Such investments are subsequently revalued using 
accepted industry valuation techniques.  The  Company considers a variety of  methods and makes  assumptions that are based on market 
conditions existing at each period end date.  Valuation techniques used may include initial acquisition cost, net asset value, discounted cash 
flow analysis, comparable recent arm’s length transactions, comparable publicly traded company metrics, reference to other instruments that 
are substantially the same, option pricing models and other valuation techniques commonly used by market participants.  Any sale, size or 
other  liquidity  restrictions  on  the  investment  are  also  considered  by  management  in  its  determination  of  fair  value.    Due  to  the  inherent 
uncertainty of valuation, management’s estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had an active 
market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material. 

The Company may use internally developed models, which are usually based on valuation methods and techniques generally recognized as 
accepted within the industry.  Valuation models are used primarily to value unlisted equity and debt securities for which no market quotes exist 
or where markets were or have been inactive during the financial period.  Some of the inputs to these models may not be observable and are 
therefore  estimated  based  on  assumptions.  The  output  of  a  model  is  always  an  estimate  or  approximation  of  a  value  that  cannot  be 
determined with certainty, and valuation techniques employed may not fully reflect all factors relevant to the positions the  Company holds.  
Valuations are therefore adjusted, where appropriate, to allow for additional factors including model risk, liquidity risk and counterparty risk. 

Management  is  responsible  for  performing  fair  value  measurements  included  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  for  each 
reporting period.  The Company prepares a detailed valuation for each reporting period describing the valuation processes and procedures 
undertaken by management.  The applicable valuation memoranda are provided to members of the Company’s audit committee and all Level 
3 valuation results are reviewed with the audit committee as part of its review of the Company’s consolidated financial statements.  

(k) Income taxes 

Income tax expense is recognized in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income. Current tax which is based on taxable 
income in countries where the Company operates differs from profit and comprehensive income because of items of income or expense that 
are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. 

Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary income tax differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable 
profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized.  Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized 
for all taxable temporary differences.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the enacted or substantively enacted tax 
laws and rates that are anticipated to apply in the year of realization.  The measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities reflects the tax 
consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects to recover or settle the carrying amount of the related assets 
and liabilities.  The carrying amount of the deferred tax asset is reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits 
will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. 

- 55 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

2 

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) 

Income tax assets and liabilities are offset when the Company intends to settle on a net basis and there is a legally enforceable right to do so. 

 (l) Warrants 

Warrants subject to a cashless exercise at the discretion of the holder are classified as a derivative liability and measured at FVTPL.  Change 
in the fair value of the warrants is reported in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income for the period in which they 
arise. 

(m) Site restoration provision 

Future  site  restoration  costs  relate  to  industrial  sites  previously  owned  by  the  Company  and  are  estimated  taking  into  consideration  the 
anticipated method and extent of the remediation consistent with regulatory requirements, industry practices, current technology and possible 
uses of the site.  The estimated amount of future restoration costs is reviewed periodically based on available information. The amount of the 
provision is the present value of the estimated future restoration costs discounted using interest rates of high quality government bonds and 
inflation in relation to the estimated cash outflows. 

Future reimbursements of costs resulting from indemnifications provided to the Company by previous owners of the industrial sites have not 
been recognized in these consolidated financial statements.  Reimbursements of site restoration costs are recorded when received. 

(n) Contributed surplus 

The cost of stock options are recognized over the period from the issue date to the vesting date and recorded as contributed surplus.  When 
share capital of the Company is repurchased by the Company, the amount by which the average carrying value of the shares exceeds the 
cost to repurchase the shares is included in contributed surplus. 

(o) Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of cumulative exchange differences from currency translation. 

(p) Share-based compensation 

The Company maintains share-based compensation plans, which are described in note 14.  The value attributed to stock options at issuance 
are recognized in income as an expense over the period from the issue date to the vesting date with a corresponding increase in contributed 
surplus.  Any consideration paid by stock option holders for the purchase of stock is credited to share capital. 

Obligations related to Deferred Share Units (“DSUs”) and Restricted Share Units (“RSUs”) are recorded as liabilities at fair value.  At each 
reporting date they are re-measured at fair value with reference to the fair value of the Company’s stock price and the number of units that 
have vested.  The corresponding share-based compensation expense or recovery is recognized over the vesting period.  When a change in 
value occurs, it is recognized in share-based compensation and foreign exchange gain or loss in the applicable financial period. 

(q) Earnings per share 

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing profit by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting 
period. 

Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing profit by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the reporting period 
after adjusting both amounts for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares, which consist of options, RSUs and Warrants.  Anti-dilutive 
potential common shares are not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. 

3 

Accounting Pronouncements  

(a)  Adopted in the current period 

On  January  13,  2016,  the  IASB  issued  IFRS  16,  which  replaced  IAS  17  “Leases”.    As  required,  the  Company  adopted  IFRS  16,  effective 
January 1, 2019.  IFRS 16 eliminates the distinction between operating and finance leases for lessees, requiring instead that the Company 
recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at lease commencement for all leases, with certain exceptions permitted through elections 
and practical expedients on the transition date. As a result of the adoption of IFRS 16, on December 1, 2019, a right of use asset of $631 and 
a lease liability of $631 were recorded on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial position (see note 5). The Company adopted 
the modified retrospective approach of adoption whereby comparative periods were not restated. 

- 56 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

3 

Accounting Pronouncements (continued) 

In June 2017, the IASB published IFRIC 23, “Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments” (“IFRIC 23”) effective for annual periods beginning on 
or after January 1, 2019. The interpretation requires an entity to assess whether it is probable that a tax authority will accept an uncertain tax 
treatment  used,  or  proposed  to  be  used,  by  an  entity  in  its  income  tax  filings  and  to  exercise  judgment  in  determining  whether  each  tax 
treatment should be considered independently or whether some tax treatments should be considered together. The decision should be based 
on which approach provides better predictions of the resolution of the uncertainty. An entity also has to consider whether it is probable that the 
relevant authority will accept each tax treatment, or group of tax treatments, assuming that the taxation authority with the right to examine any 
amounts reported to it will examine those amounts and will have full knowledge of all relevant information when doing so. The adoption of 
IFRIC 23 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.  

4 

Loans Receivable 

On June 9, 2017, the Company used the proceeds from the Fairfax Financing (as defined in note 8) to loan Canadian dollars (“C$”) 50,000 to 
the  Arena  FINCOs  (as  defined  in  note  6)  (the  “Arena  FINCOs  Demand  Loan”)  on  market  terms.    The  Arena  FINCOs  Demand  Loan  was 
denominated in C$, repayable on demand (with a final repayment date not later than June 9, 2022) and secured by the assets of the Arena 
FINCOs.  The Arena FINCOs Demand Loan carried interest at a rate of 4.5% per annum plus the greater of (i) 3-month LIBOR and (ii) 1%, 
with the applicable rate adjusted at the beginning of each quarter.  Interest was due at the end of each calendar quarter.   

At December 31, 2018, C$30,000 in principal repayments had been made by the Arena FINCOs and on May 9, 2019 and September 4, 2019, 
the  loan  was  further  repaid  by  C$2,350  and  C$17,650,  respectively,  resulting  in  an  outstanding  loan  of  C$nil  to  the  Arena  FINCOs  at 
December 31, 2019 (C$20,000 to the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2018).  

The  Arena  FINCOs  Demand  Loan  was  recorded  under  loans  receivable  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position.  The  Arena 
FINCOs Demand Loan was translated into US$ at rates of exchange at the end of each reporting period and any resulting foreign exchange 
gain or loss was included in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income.  At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the carrying 
amount of the Arena FINCOs Demand Loan, which was recorded at fair value, totaled $nil and $14,660, respectively.  The Company recorded 
a foreign exchange gain  relating to  the Arena FINCOs  Demand Loan of  $313 and a foreign  exchange loss of  $1,707 for the years ended 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.   

Interest on the Arena FINCOs Demand Loan earned and received by the Company totaled $680 and $1,385 for the years ended December 
31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and was included in interest income in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income. 

5 

Other Assets 

Other assets consist of the following: 

Capital assets 
Right of use asset (a) 
Receivables from related parties (b) 
Fair value of foreign exchange forward contract (note 9) 
Accounts receivable and other 

                  1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

$ 

December 31, 2019 
36 
620 
1,119 
244 
279 
2,298 

$ 

December 31, 20181 
71 
$ 
- 
727 
- 
184 
982 

$ 

(a)  Effective, December 1, 2019, Westaim entered into a new operating lease for its office premises in Toronto expiring on November 30, 
2024. At the commencement date of the lease, a right of use asset was recorded at cost under other assets and a lease liability was 
recorded  at  amortized  cost  under  accounts  payable  and  accrued  liabilities  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position. 
Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  the  right  of  use  asset  is  depreciated  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the  term  of  the  lease  with 
depreciation  recorded  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and  comprehensive  income.  Each  lease  payment  reduces  the  lease 
liability and the accretion of the lease liability is recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive 
income.   

The  right  of  use  asset  recorded  for  the  office  premises  was  $620  and  $nil  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.  The 
depreciation on the right of use asset for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $11 and $nil, respectively.  

- 57 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

5 

Other Assets (continued) 

The  lease  liability  recorded  for  the  office  premises  was  $645  and  $nil  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.    The  lease 
payments were $nil and the interest expense on the lease liability was $1 for the year ended December 31, 2019.  The lease payments 
and  the  interest  expense  on  the  lease  liability  were  $nil  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018.  The  Company  recorded  a  foreign 
exchange loss relating to the lease liability of $13 and $nil for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.    

(b)  Receivables from related parties totaled $1,119 at December 31, 2019 and $727 at December 31, 2018 and included certain expenses 

paid by the Company on behalf of the Arena Group and HIIG from time to time which are subject to reimbursement. 

6 

Investments 

The  carrying  values  of  the  Company’s  investments  in  private  entities,  associates  and  Arena  Special  Opportunities  Fund,  LP  (“ASOF  LP”) 
included under investments in the consolidated statements of financial position are as follows: 

Investments in private entities 
Investment in associates 
Investment in Arena Special Opportunities Fund,  LP (“ASOF LP”) 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

$ 

December 31, 2019 
370,803 
12,273 
2,708 
385,784 

$ 

$ 

December 31, 20181 
360,843 
10,609 
2,469 
373,921 

$ 

The Company’s principal investments consist of its investments in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) and the Arena Group.  Investments in 
private entities are measured at FVTPL and investment in associates is accounted for using the equity method. 

Investments in private entities: 
-  HIIG Partnership 
-  Arena FINCOs (as 
hereinafter defined) 

Investment in associates: 
-  Arena Investors (as 
hereinafter defined) 

Place of 
establishment 

Principal place 
of business 

Ownership interest as at 
December 31, 2019 

Ownership interest as at 
December 31, 20181 

Ontario, Canada 
Ontario, Canada 
Ontario, Canada/  Ontario, Canada/ 
New York, U.S.3 
Delaware, U.S.3 

62.0% owned by the Company 2 
100% owned by the Company  

58.5% owned by the Company  
100% owned by the Company  

Delaware, U.S. 

New York, U.S. 

51% beneficially owned by the 
Company 4 

51% beneficially owned by the 
Company 4 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 
2 On July 1, 2019, HIIG Partnership units held by certain unitholders were redeemed in accordance with the terms of the HIIG Partnership and exchanged for shares of 
HIIG resulting in an increase in the Company’s ownership interest in the HIIG Partnership from 58.5% to 62.0% and a decrease in the HIIG Partnership’s ownership of 
HIIG shares from 75.1% to 71.0%. The Company’s indirect ownership of HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) remained unchanged at approximately 44.0%. 

3 In 2019, the Arena FINCOs’ Canadian entity was dissolved and two new entities were established in Delaware, U.S with the principal place of business in New York, 

U.S. 

4  Legal  equity  ownership  is  100%,  and  beneficial  ownership  denotes  profit  percentage  subject  to  change  over  time  pursuant  to  the  earn-in  rights  granted  to  Bernard 

Partners, LLC (“BP LLC") described below under “Investment in Associates”. 

The HIIG Partnership and Arena FINCOs are investment entities, as defined in IFRS 10, and the Company accounts for these investments at 
FVTPL instead of consolidating them.  The subsidiaries of the HIIG Partnership and Arena FINCOs are as follows: 

HIIG Partnership: 
-  Houston International Insurance Group, Ltd. 

Delaware, U.S. 

Texas, U.S. 

(“HIIG”) 

71.0% owned by HIIG 
Partnership 

75.1% owned by HIIG 
Partnership 

Place of 
establishment 

Principal place 
of business 

Ownership interest 
as at December 31, 2019 

Ownership interest 
as at December 31, 20181 

Arena FINCOs: 
  -   Arena Finance Company Inc. (“AFC”) 
-  Arena Finance Holdings Co., LLC (“AFHC”) 
-  Arena Finance, LLC (“AF”) 
-  Westaim Origination Holdings Inc. (“WOH”) 
  -   Arena Origination Co., LLC (“AOC”) 

Ontario, Canada  Ontario, Canada 
New York, U.S. 
Delaware, U.S. 
New York, U.S. 
Delaware, U.S. 
New York, U.S. 
Delaware, U.S. 
New York, U.S. 
Delaware, U.S. 

                na2 
100% owned by the Company2 
100% owned by AFHC 
100% owned by the Company 
100% owned by WOH 

100% owned by the Company 
100% owned by AFC2 
              na3 
100% owned by the Company 
100% owned by WOH 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 
2  On  October  1,  2019,  AFC  was  dissolved  resulting  in  the  Company  owning  100%  of  AFHC.    Prior  to  the  dissolution  of  AFC,  AFC  owned  100%  of  AFHC  and  its 

subsidiaries. 

3 On October 1, 2019, AF was established. 

- 58 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

6 

Investments (continued) 

Houston International Insurance Group, Ltd. 

The Company’s investment in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) is recorded as an investment in private entities and is measured at FVTPL 
in the Company’s financial statements.  See “Investments in Private Entities” below for a further description of the Company’s investment in 
the HIIG Partnership. 

Arena Group 

The Arena Group consists of the following businesses: 

 

 

Arena  Investors  –  Westaim  Arena  Holdings  II,  LLC  (“WAHII”),  through  its  subsidiaries,  operates  as  an  investment  manager  offering 
clients access to fundamentals-based, asset-oriented credit investments.  In 2018, Arena Investors included the Company’s investment 
in WAHII, ASOF-ON GP, and ASOF-OFF II GP.   Effective January 1, 2019, the Company and BP LLC, transferred their interests in 
ASOF-ON  GP  and  ASOF-OFF  II  GP,  respectively  to  WAHII.  WAHII  is  the  sole  limited  partner  of  Arena  Investors,  LP,  a  limited 
partnership established under the laws of Delaware to carry on the third-party investment management business of the Arena Group. 
The  Company’s  investment  in  Arena  Investors  is  accounted  for  using  the  equity  method  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial 
statements.  See “Investment in Associates” below. 

The  Arena  FINCOs  –  The  Arena  FINCOs  include  specialty  finance  companies  that  primarily  purchase  fundamentals-based,  asset-
oriented credit investments for their own account and a company that facilitates the origination of fundamentals-based, asset-oriented 
credit investments for its own account and/or possible future sale to specialty finance companies, clients of Arena Investors and/or other 
third  parties.    The  Company’s  investments  in  the  Arena  FINCOs  is  measured  at  FVTPL  in  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial 
statements.  See “Investments in Private Entities” below. 

Arena Investors and the Arena FINCOs are collectively referred to as the “Arena Group”.   

INVESTMENTS IN PRIVATE ENTITIES 

The Company’s investments in private entities  are classified as FVTPL  and are carried at fair value under investments in the consolidated 
statements of financial position.  Changes in fair value are reported under "Net results of investments" in the consolidated statements of profit 
and comprehensive income. 

The table below summarizes the fair value hierarchy under which the Company’s investments in private entities are valued.  Level 1 fair value 
measurements  are  those  derived  from  quoted  prices  (unadjusted)  in  active  markets  for  identical  assets  or  liabilities.    Level  2  fair  value 
measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, 
either directly or indirectly.  Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or 
liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).  Inputs are considered observable if they are developed using 
market  data,  such  as  publicly  available  information  about  actual  events  or  transactions,  and  that  reflect  the  assumption  that  market 
participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. 

The Company’s investments in private entities are as follows: 

As at December 31, 2019 
Investments in private entities: 
-  HIIG Partnership 
-  Arena FINCOs 

As at December 31, 20181 
Investments in private entities: 
-  HIIG Partnership 
-  Arena FINCOs 

Fair value 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

  $  164,953 
205,850 
  $  370,803 

  $ 

Fair value 

Level 1 

  $  162,118 
198,725 
  $  360,843 

  $ 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

  $  164,953 
205,850 
  $  370,803 

Level 3 

  $  162,118 
198,725 
  $  360,843 

Level 2 

  $ 

  $ 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

- 59 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

6 

Investments (continued) 

Changes in investments in private entities included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are as follows: 

Year ended December 31, 2019 
Investments in private entities: 
-  HIIG Partnership 
-  Arena FINCOs 

Year ended December 31, 20181 
Investments in private entities: 
-  HIIG Partnership 
-  Arena FINCOs 

Opening 
balance 

Additions - 
Equity 

Repayment 
of term loan 

Unrealized 
gain before 
dividends 

Dividends  
paid 

Ending 
balance 

  $  162,118 
    198,725 
  $  360,843 

  $ 

- 
10,000 
  $  10,000 

  $ 

- 
(10,000) 
  $  (10,000) 

  $ 

2,835 
11,823 
  $  14,658 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
(4,698) 
(4,698) 

  $  164,953 
    205,850 
  $  370,803 

Opening 
balance 

Additions - 
Equity 

Repayment 
of term loan 

Unrealized 
gain before 
dividends 

Dividends 
paid  

Ending 
Balance 

  $  157,107 
    186,271 
  $  343,378 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
- 
- 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
- 
- 

  $ 

5,011 
12,454 
  $  17,465 

  $ 

  $ 

- 
- 
- 

  $  162,118 
    198,725 
  $  360,843 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

There were no transfers among Levels 1, 2 and 3 during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

Investment in Houston International Insurance Group, Ltd. 

The Company indirectly owns a significant interest in HIIG, through the HIIG Partnership, an Ontario limited partnership managed by HIIG GP, 
a wholly-owned subsidiary of Westaim.  HIIG is a U.S. based diversified specialty insurance holding company that underwrites select property, 
casualty, surety, and accident and health insurance coverages through its insurance subsidiaries. 

At  December  31,  2019,  the  Company  owned  approximately  62.0%  of  the  HIIG  Partnership,  representing  an  approximate  44.0%  indirect 
ownership interest in HIIG. 

Westaim controls the HIIG Partnership through its ownership of approximately 62.0% of the HIIG Partnership and through its control of HIIG 
GP, the general partner of the HIIG Partnership; and the HIIG Partnership exercises control over HIIG and its insurance subsidiaries through 
its ownership of approximately 71.0% of the issued and outstanding  common shares of HIIG (“HIIG Shares”) at  December 31, 2019.  The 
amount  of  dividends  paid  to  HIIG  by  its  subsidiaries  which  carry  on  an  insurance  business  may  be  subject  to  restrictions  imposed  by  the 
insurance  regulators  in  the  United  States,  thereby  limiting  the  amount  of  dividends  HIIG  can  pay  to  its  shareholders,  including  the  HIIG 
Partnership.  Payment of dividends from HIIG to the HIIG Partnership may also be restricted as a result of covenants in credit facilities entered 
into by HIIG from time to time. 

The Company, through HIIG GP, entered into a management services agreement (the "HIIG MSA") with HIIG commencing on July 31, 2014, 
whereby HIIG GP was entitled to receive from HIIG an advisory fee of $1,000 annually for the first three years of the agreement and $500 
annually for two years thereafter relating to advisory services provided under the HIIG MSA.  The HIIG MSA was amended as of July 1, 2017 
such that HIIG GP is entitled to receive from HIIG an advisory fee of $1,000 annually for the final two years of the agreement to July 31, 2019.  
The HIIG MSA was further amended such that HIIG GP is entitled to receive from HIIG an advisory fee of $500 annually effective August 1, 
2019.  

FVTPL 

The investment in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) is accounted for at FVTPL.  The fair value of the Company’s investment in the HIIG 
Partnership was determined to be $164,953 at December 31, 2019 and $162,118 at December 31, 2018. 

- 60 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

6 

Investments (continued) 

Management used a multiple of net asset value as the primary valuation technique to arrive at the fair value of the Company’s investment in 
the HIIG Partnership of $164,953 at December 31, 2019.  The fair value of the HIIG Partnership at December 31, 2019 was derived from a 
valuation  of  the  HIIG  Shares  owned  by  the  HIIG  Partnership  and  other  net  assets  of  the  HIIG  Partnership  at  December  31,  2019.    The 
carrying  values  of  the  HIIG  Partnership’s  other  net  assets,  consisting  of  monetary  assets  including  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  accounts 
receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these financial instruments.  In 
valuing the HIIG Shares, management determined that using net asset value as the primary valuation technique produced the best indicator of 
the fair value of the HIIG Shares as at  December 31, 2019 and 2018, given that this is the valuation technique which a market participant 
would employ. 

On February 25, 2020 HIIG executed a commitment letter to enter into a loss portfolio transfer (“LPT”) reinsurance agreement. Pursuant to the 
commitment letter, HIIG agreed to cede $118,800 of net claim reserves for certain divisions, primarily related to 2017 and prior policy years. 
The LPT provides reinsurance protection of approximately $127,400 above the net ceded claim reserves and is subject to co-participations at 
specified amounts. The LPT is expected to result in a pretax charge and after tax charge of approximately $43,500 and $34,400, respectively, 
in the first half of 2020. Completion of the transaction is subject to, among other things, regulatory approvals and satisfaction of various other 
customary closing conditions.  

The significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation were the multiple applied and the adjusted book value of HIIG as at December 31, 
2019.    Management  applied  a  multiple  of  1.1x  to  the  adjusted  book  value  of  HIIG  at  December  31,  2019  (December  31,  2018  -  1.1x).  In 
determining the adjusted book value of HIIG, the after tax charge of the LPT was deducted from the book value of HIIG as at December 31, 
2019.    The  adjusted  book  value  of  HIIG  as  at  December  31,  2019  reflected  100%  of  HIIG  stockholders’  equity  obtained  from  the  audited 
financial statements of HIIG prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”), adjusted for 
the after tax charge of the LPT and a reclassification of a stock notes receivable from employees relating to their purchase of HIIG Shares. 
The adjusted book value contained certain significant judgments and estimates made by management of HIIG including the provision for loss 
and loss adjustment expenses, the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, and the valuation allowance recorded against deferred income 
tax assets.  

Management considers other secondary valuation methodologies as a way to ensure no significant contradictory evidence exists  that would 
suggest an adjustment to the fair value as determined by the primary valuation methodology used.  In order to do this, the Company may also 
consider valuation techniques including the discounted cash flow method, the review of comparable arm’s length transactions involving other 
specialty  insurance  companies  and  comparable  publicly  traded  company  valuations.    For  greater  certainty,  these  secondary  valuation 
techniques were not used to arrive at the fair value of the Company’s investment in the HIIG Partnership at the end of each reporting period. 

The Company recorded unrealized gains on its investment in the HIIG Partnership of $2,835 and $5,011 in the years ended December 31, 
2019 and 2018, respectively. 

For purposes of assessing the sensitivity of HIIG stockholders’ equity on the valuation of the Company’s investment in the HIIG Partnership, if 
HIIG stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2019 was higher by $1,000, the fair value of the Company’s investment in the HIIG Partnership at 
December 31,  2019  would have increased by approximately $484 (December 31, 2018 -  $483) and  the unrealized gain on investments in 
private  entities  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  would  have  increased  by  approximately  $484  (2018  -  $483).    If  HIIG  stockholders’ 
equity at December 31, 2019 was lower by $1,000, an opposite effect would have resulted. 

Investment in the Arena FINCOs 

The Company owns a 100% interest in the Arena FINCOs and exercises control over the businesses of the Arena FINCOs. 

Each of AOC and AFHC is governed by the terms of a limited liability company agreement, originally dated August 31, 2015, as amended 
from time to time, between Bernard Partners, LLC (“BP LLC”), a limited liability company controlled by certain members of the Arena Group 
management team, and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company setting forth the rights and obligations each of BP LLC and the Company 
(through its relevant subsidiary) as  members of each of AOC  and AFHC.  Under each such agreement, BP LLC was issued Class M units 
which were convertible into Class A units, entitling BP LLC to acquire an equity interest of up to 20% (16.67% on a fully-diluted basis) in each 
of  AOC  and  AFHC.  The  Class  M  units  were  to  vest  equally  over  5  years  from  August  31,  2015  and  carry  escalating  conversion  prices  in 
excess  of  the  price  paid  by  the  Company  for  its  investment  in  AOC  and  AFHC.  On  December  31,  2018,  the  Company,  through  AOC  and 
AFHC redeemed all Class M units of each of AOC and AFHC outstanding for the aggregate “in the money” amount of $724 and this amount 
was recorded as a liability on the financial statements of the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2018 and therefore reflected in their fair value.  
The liability of $724 was paid to BP LLC on March 27, 2019.   

- 61 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

6 

Investments (continued) 

In connection with the capitalization of the Arena FINCOs, the Company granted a term loan (the “Arena FINCOs Term Loan”) with a balance 
of $10,000 outstanding at December 31, 2018. The Arena FINCOs Term Loan had a seven year term to August 31, 2022, was unsecured and 
carried interest at a rate of 7.25% per annum, with interest due on or before January 1 of each year during the term.  On April 1, 2019, the 
Company converted the Arena FINCOs Term  Loan of $10,000 into additional common shares of  WOH and as a result the balance of the 
7.25% term loan was $nil at December 31, 2019 (December 31, 2018 - $10,000).   

On September 30, 2019, October 21, 2019 and November 13, 2019, the Arena FINCOs paid a cash dividend to the Company in the amount 
of $882, $1,799 and $1,900, respectively, and on October 1, 2019 Arena FINCOs issued a dividend in kind to the Company in the amount of 
$117, resulting in a decrease of $4,698 in the Company’s carrying value of the Arena FINCOs. No dividends were paid or issued in kind in 
2018. 

FVTPL 

The Company’s investment in the Arena FINCOs are accounted for at FVTPL  and are included in investments in private entities.  The fair 
value of the Company’s investment in the Arena FINCOs was determined to be $205,850 at December 31, 2019 and $198,725 at December 
31, 2018. 

Management used net asset value as the primary valuation technique and determined that 100% (or 1.0x) of the equity of the Arena FINCOs 
at  December  31,  2019  in  the  amount  of  $205,850  approximated  the  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  investment  in  the  Arena  FINCOs.    
Management determined that the net asset value valuation technique produced the best indicator of the fair value of  the Arena FINCOs at 
December 31, 2019.  This same valuation technique was used to determine the fair value of the Company’s investment in the Arena FINCOs 
of $198,725 at December 31, 2018. 

The significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2019 were the aggregate equity of the Arena 
FINCOs at December 31, 2019 and the multiple applied.  Management applied a multiple of 1.0x as the equity of each of the entities reflected 
the  net  assets  of  the  respective  entity  which  were  carried  at  fair  value  at  December  31,  2019,  as  described  below.    The  equity  contained 
certain significant judgments and estimates made by management of the Arena FINCOs, including the determination of the fair value of their 
subsidiaries’ investments as noted below. 

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities  of 
the  Arena  FINCOs  approximate  their  fair  values  due  to  the  short  maturity  of  these  financial  instruments.    The  Arena  FINCOs  also  make 
investments in equity securities, corporate bonds, private loans and other private investments, warrants and derivative instruments.  When an 
investment  is  acquired  or  originated,  its  fair  value  is  generally  the  value  of  the  consideration  paid  or  received.    Subsequent  to  initial 
recognition, the Arena FINCOs determine the fair value of the investments using the following valuation techniques and inputs: 

 

 

 

Equity securities that are  actively traded on a securities exchange are valued based on  quoted prices from  the applicable exchange.  
Equity securities traded on inactive markets and certain foreign equity securities are valued using significant other observable inputs, if 
available,  which  include  broker  quotes  or  evaluated  price  quotes  received  from  pricing  services.    If  the  inputs  are  not  observable  or 
available  on  a  timely  basis,  the  values  of  these  securities  are  determined  using  valuation  methodologies  for  Level  3  investments 
described below. 

Corporate  bonds  are  valued  using  various  inputs  and  techniques,  which  include  third-party  pricing  services,  dealer  quotations,  and 
recently  executed  transactions  in  securities  of  the  issuer  or  comparable  issuers.    Adjustments  to  individual  bonds  can  be  applied  to 
recognize trading differences compared to other bonds issued by the same issuer.  Values for high-yield bonds are based primarily on 
pricing services and dealer quotations from relevant market makers.  The dealer quotations received are supported by credit analysis of 
the issuer that takes into consideration credit quality assessments, daily trading activity, and the activity of the underlying equities, listed 
bonds, and sector-specific trends.  If these inputs are not observable or timely, the values of corporate bonds and convertible bonds are 
determined using valuation methodologies for Level 3 investments described below. 

Private loans and other private investments  are valued using valuation methodologies for Level 3 investments.  When valuing private 
loans, factors evaluated include the impact of changes in market yields, credit quality of the borrowers and estimated collateral values.  If 
there is sufficient credit coverage, a yield analysis is performed by projecting cash flows for the instrument  and discounting the cash 
flows to present value using a market-based, risk adjusted rate.  On each valuation date, an analysis of market yields is also performed 
to determine if any adjustments to the fair values are necessary.  Techniques used to value collateral, real estate, and other hard assets 
include discounted cash flows, with  the discount  rate being  the primary  unobservable input,  recent transaction pricing and third party 
appraisals.    Private  investments  held  through  joint  ventures  are  valued  net  of  each  respective  joint  venture  waterfall  and  other  joint 
venture assets and liabilities. 

- 62 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

6 

Investments (continued) 

  Warrants  that  are  actively  traded  on  a  securities  exchange  are  valued  based  on  quoted  prices.    Warrants  that  are  traded  over-the-
counter or are privately issued are valued based on observable market inputs, if available.  If these inputs are not observable or timely, 
the values of warrants are determined using valuation methodologies for Level 3 investments described below. 

 

Listed  derivative  instruments,  such  as  listed  options,  that  are  actively  traded  on  a  national  securities  exchange  are  valued  based  on 
quoted prices from the applicable exchange.  Derivative instruments that are not listed on an exchange are valued using pricing inputs 
observed  from  actively  quoted  markets.    If  the  pricing  inputs  used  are  not  observable  and/or  the  market  for  the  applicable  derivative 
instruments is inactive, the values of the derivative instruments are determined using valuation methodologies for Level 3 investments 
described below. 

Where  pricing  inputs  are  unobservable  and  there  is  little,  if  any,  market  activity  for  Level  3  investments,  fair  values  are  determined  by 
management of the Arena FINCOs  using valuation methodologies that consider a range of factors, including but not limited to the price at 
which the investment was acquired, the nature of the investment, local market conditions, trading values on public exchanges for comparable 
securities,  current  and  projected  operating  performance  and  financing  transactions  subsequent  to  the  acquisition  of  the  investment.    The 
inputs  into  the  determination  of  fair  value  may  require  significant  judgment  by  management  of  the  Arena  FINCOs.    Due  to  the  inherent 
uncertainty of these estimates, these values may differ materially from the values that would have been used had a ready market for these 
investments existed. 

Management considers other secondary valuation methodologies as a way to ensure no significant contradictory evidence exists that would 
suggest an adjustment to the fair value as determined by the primary valuation methodology used.  In order to do this, the Company may also 
consider valuation techniques including the review of comparable arm’s length transactions involving other specialty  finance companies and 
comparable publicly traded company valuations.  For greater certainty, these secondary valuation techniques were not used to arrive at the 
fair values of the Company’s investment in the Arena FINCOs at the end of each reporting period. 

The Company recorded unrealized gains on its investment in the Arena FINCOs of $11,823 before dividends paid to the Company of $4,698 
in the year ended December 31, 2019 and unrealized gains on its investment in the Arena FINCOs of $12,454 in the year ended December 
31, 2018.  There were no dividends paid in the year ended December 31, 2018. The operating results of the Arena FINCOs includes interest 
expense on the Arena FINCOs Term Loan and the Arena FINCOs Demand Loan from the Company to the Arena FINCOs of $859 and $2,110 
in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

For  purposes  of  assessing  the  sensitivity  of  the  equity  of  the  Arena  FINCOs  on  the  valuation  of  the  Company’s  investment  in  the  Arena 
FINCOs, if the  equity of the Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2019 was higher by $1,000, the fair value of the Company’s investment in the 
Arena FINCOs at December 31, 2019 would have increased by $1,000 (December 31, 2018 - $1,000) and the unrealized gain on investments 
in private entities for the year ended December 31, 2019 would have increased by $1,000 (2018 - $1,000).  If the equity of the Arena FINCOs 
at December 31, 2019 was lower by $1,000, an opposite effect would have resulted. 

INVESTMENT IN ASSOCIATES 

On  August  31,  2015,  agreements  were  entered  into  between  the  Company  and  BP  LLC  in  respect  of  Arena  Investors  (the  “Associate 
Agreements”).  BP LLC’s initial profit sharing percentage is 49%, and under the Associate Agreements, BP LLC has the right to earn-in up to 
75% equity ownership percentage in the associates and share up to 75% of the profit of the associates based on achieving certain assets 
under  management  (“AUM”)  and  cash  flow  (measured  by  the  margin  of  trailing  twelve  months  earnings  before  interest,  income  taxes, 
depreciation and amortization to trailing twelve month revenues) thresholds in accordance with the Associate Agreements. 

The  Company  concluded  that  based  on  the  contractual  rights  and  obligations  under  the  Associate  Agreements,  the  Company  does  not 
exercise control but exercises significant influence over the associates.  The Company’s investment in associates is therefore accounted for 
using the equity method in accordance with IAS 28. 

- 63 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

6 

Investments (continued) 

The following summarized financial information represents amounts within the financial statements of Arena Investors: 

Financial information of associates: 
   Assets 
   Liabilities 
   Net liabilities 

Company’s share 
Arena Investors’ Revolving Loan with the Company 
Carrying amount of the Company’s investment in associates 

Financial information of associates: 
   Revenue 
   Operating expenses 2 
   Loss and comprehensive loss 
Company’s share of loss of associates (51%) 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 20181 

$ 

 $ 

 $ 

$ 

27,363 
(42,765) 
(15,402) 

(7,727) 
20,000 
12,273 

$ 

 $ 

 $ 

$ 

19,021 
(34,255) 
(15,234) 

(7,641) 
18,250 
10,609 

Year ended 
 December 31, 2019 

Year ended 
 December 31, 20181 

  $      28,646 
    (28,813) 
  $        (167) 
  $          (86) 

  $      21,343 
    (23,503) 
  $     (2,160) 
  $     (1,101) 

1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 
2 Includes interest expense on the Arena Investors’ Revolving Loan granted by the Company of $1,018 and $856 in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018, respectively.  

The following table shows the continuity of the carrying amount of the Company’s investment in Arena Investors: 

Carrying amount of investment in associates: 
   Opening balance 
   Company’s share of loss of associates (51%) 
   Addition - Arena Investors’ Revolving Loan with the Company 
   Ending balance 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 2018 

  $      10,609 
  (86) 
  1,750 
  $      12,273 

  $        7,960 
  (1,101) 
  3,750 
  $      10,609 

On  March  6,  2019,  the  Company  amended  the  Arena  Investors’  Revolving  Loan  from  the  limit  of  $20,000  to  $25,000  in  order  to  continue 
funding growth initiatives and working capital needs of Arena Investors.  The loan facility had a term of 36 months to December 21, 2020, 
which has been  extended to March  31,  2023  and bears interest at a  rate of 5.25% per annum. Arena  Investors had drawn down the loan 
facility  by  $20,000  and  $18,250  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.    The  loan  facility  is  secured  by  all  the  assets  of  Arena 
Investors.    The  Company  earned  and  received  interest  on  the  Arena  Investors’  Revolving  Loan  of  $1,018  and  $856  for  the  years  ended 
December  31,  2019  and  2018  respectively  and  was  reported  under  “Interest  income”  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and 
comprehensive income.  

The  total  of  the  Company’s  51%  share  of  loss  of  the  associates  was  $86  and  $1,101  in  the  years  ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018, 
respectively,  and  was  reported  under  “Share  of  loss  from  investment  in  associates”  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and 
comprehensive income. 

INVESTMENTS IN ASOF-LP 

The  Company’s  investments  in  ASOF  LP,  a  fund  managed  by  Arena  Investors,  LP,  is  classified  at  Level  3 of  the  fair  value  hierarchy  and 
measured  at  FVTPL.    At  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  the  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  interest  in  ASOF  LP  was  determined  by  Arena 
Investors to be $2,708 and $2,469, respectively.  The Company reported unrealized gains of $239 and $214 in the years ended December 31, 
2019 and 2018, respectively, with respect to the investment in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income. 

- 64 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

7 

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities consist of the following: 

  RSUs (note 14) 
  DSUs (note 14) 
  Lease liability (note 5) 
  Interest on Preferred Securities (note 8) 
  Fair value of foreign exchange forward contract (note 9) 
  Other accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Ending balance 

8 

Preferred Securities 

$ 

December 31, 2019 
6,192 
1,312 
645 
485 
- 
2,136 
10,770 

$ 

$ 

December 31, 2018 
5,738 
981 
- 
462 
630 
1,794 
9,605 

$ 

On  April  3,  2017,  the  Company  announced  that  it  had  entered  into  an  agreement  pursuant  to  which  Fairfax  Financial  Holdings  Limited, 
through certain of its subsidiaries (collectively, “Fairfax”), had agreed to make an investment of up to C$100,000 in Westaim in exchange for 
the issuance by Westaim of 5% interest bearing notes (the “Preferred Securities”) and common share purchase warrants (the “Warrants”) (see 
note 10) (collectively, the “Private Placement”). 

The Preferred Securities are denominated in C$, each issuable for a principal amount of C$10 and carry interest at a rate of 5% per annum.  
The Preferred Securities are subordinate secured securities that will mature on May 26, 2116 but may be repaid, in whole or in part, by the 
Company at any time after June 2, 2022 and at any time after June 2, 2020 if the volume-weighted average trading price of Westaim’s common 
shares for any 10 day period prior to the date on which the applicable redemption notice is given is at least C$5.60. 

On  June  2,  2017,  the  Company  closed  the  subscription  by  Fairfax  of  C$50,000  of  Preferred  Securities  (the  “Fairfax  Financing”).    The 
proceeds  raised  from  the  Fairfax  Financing  were  used  by  Westaim  to  make  interest  bearing  loans  to  the  Arena  Group  (see  note  4).    The 
Company  had  discretion  until  January  1,  2018  to  require  Fairfax  to  purchase  all  or  part  of  5,000,000  additional  Preferred  Securities,  and 
exercised its discretion not to do so. There were 5,000,000 Preferred Securities outstanding at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. 

The Preferred Securities are repayable on demand upon a change of control of Westaim and the liability is recorded at the principal amount in 
the consolidated statements of financial position. The Preferred Securities liability is translated into US$ at rates of exchange at the end of 
each reporting period and any resulting foreign exchange gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive 
income.  The carrying amount of the Preferred Securities, which approximated fair value, was $38,502 and $36,649 at December 31, 2019 
and 2018,  respectively. The Company recorded an unrealized foreign exchange loss relating to the Preferred Securities of  $1,852 and an 
unrealized foreign exchange gain of $3,227 in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  

Interest on the Preferred Securities amounted to $1,899 and $1,902 in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Accrued 
interest was $485 and $462 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and was reported under accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
in the consolidated statements of financial position. 

9 

Foreign Currency Forward Contract 

On December 21, 2017, the Company entered into a Canadian dollar currency forward contract to sell $15,840 and buy C$20,000 to manage 
the  Canadian  dollar  currency  exposures  including  the  currency  exposure  arising  from  the  Preferred  Securities.  The  contract  matured  on 
December  21,  2018  and  resulted  in  a  realized  foreign  exchange  loss  of  $966.    On  December  20,  2018,  the  Company  entered  into  a  new 
Canadian dollar currency forward contract to sell $26,284 and buy C$35,000 to manage the Canadian dollar currency exposures including the 
currency  exposure  arising  from  the  Preferred  Securities.  The  contract  matured  on  December  20,  2019  and  resulted  in  a  realized  foreign 
exchange gain of $399.  On December 20, 2019, the Company entered into a new Canadian dollar currency forward contract to sell $30,558 
and buy C$40,000 to manage the Canadian dollar currency exposures including the currency exposure arising from the Preferred Securities. 
The contract has a term to maturity  of less than one year and may be  renewed at market  rates.  The Company has not designated these 
Canadian dollar currency forward contracts as accounting hedges.  A gain was accrued on the Canadian dollar currency forward contract in 
the amount of $244 at December 31, 2019 and was recorded under other assets in the consolidated statements of financial position. A loss 
was  accrued  on  the  Canadian  dollar  currency  forward  contract  in  the  amount  of  $630  at  December  31,  2018  and  was  recorded  under 
accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the consolidated statements of financial position. The foreign exchange gain relating to the forward 
contract was $1,272 and the foreign exchange loss relating to the forward contract was $1,706 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018,  respectively,  and  was  reported  under  foreign  exchange  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and  comprehensive  income.    In 
connection with Canadian dollar currency forward contracts which the Company may enter into from time to time, the Company has obtained 
a credit facility under which the Company has pledged cash on deposit of $3,000 (December 31, 2018 - $4,375) as security. The security shall 
remain in effect for the duration of the outstanding Canadian dollar currency forward contract. 

- 65 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

10  Derivative Warrant Liability 

In  connection  with  the  Private  Placement  (see  note  8),  Westaim  issued  to  Fairfax  28,571,430  Warrants,  each  exercisable for  one  Westaim 
common share at an exercise price of C$3.50.  The Warrants vest proportionately based upon the aggregate percentage of Preferred Securities 
purchased  by Fairfax,  with  14,285,715  having  vested  on  June  2,  2017.    The  remaining  14,285,715  unvested  Warrants  were  cancelled  on 
January 31, 2018.  Each vested Warrant is exercisable on or prior to June 2, 2022, but the expiry date will be extended to June 2, 2024 if the 
volume-weighted average trading price of Westaim’s common shares for the 10 day period ending on June 2, 2022 is less than C$5.60.  After 
June  2,  2020,  the  Company  can  also  elect  to  require  early  exercise  of  the  Warrants  if  the  volume-weighted  average  trading  price  of 
Westaim’s common shares for any 10 day period prior to the election is at least C$5.60. 

The Warrants are subject to a cashless exercise at the discretion of Fairfax and are classified as a derivative liability in accordance with IFRS 
and  measured  at  FVTPL.    The  fair  value  of  the  vested  Warrants  at  initial  recognition  was  recorded  as  an  expense  in  the  consolidated 
statements of profit and comprehensive income.  Subsequent changes in fair value of the vested Warrants are reported in the consolidated 
statements of profit and comprehensive income for the period in which they arise. 

Changes to the derivative warrant liability are as follows: 

Opening balance 
Change in fair value – (gain)  
Unrealized foreign exchange - loss (gain)  
Ending balance 

$ 

Year ended 
 December 31, 2019 
2,382 
(557) 
96 
1,921 

$ 

$ 

Year ended 
December 31, 2018 
6,678 
(3,812) 
(484) 
2,382 

$ 

The Company recognized unrealized gains resulting from a change in the fair value of the vested Warrants of $557 and $3,812 in the years 
ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.    The  Company  also  recorded  an  unrealized  foreign  exchange  loss  with  respect  to  the 
vested  Warrants  of  $96  and  an  unrealized  gain  of  $484  in  the  years  ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively,  under  foreign 
exchange  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and  comprehensive  income.    At  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  a  liability  of  $1,921  and 
$2,382, respectively, had been recognized with respect to the vested Warrants in the consolidated statements of financial position. 

The fair value of the vested Warrants at December 31, 2019 of $1,921 (December 31, 2018 - $2,382) was estimated using the Monte Carlo 
pricing model assuming no dividends are paid on the common shares, a risk-free interest rate of 1.69% (December 31, 2018 - 1.87%), an 
expiration  date  between  January  1,  2020  and  June  2,  2024  (December  31,  2018:  January  1,  2019  and  June  2,  2024),  a  volatility  of  the 
underlying  common  shares  of  the  Company  of  23.23%  (December  31,  2018  –  23.42%),  a  closing  price  of  common  shares  of  C$2.65 
(December 31, 2018 - C$2.58) and a strike price of C$3.50.  The amounts computed according to the Monte Carlo pricing model may not be 
indicative of the actual values realized upon the exercise of the vested Warrants by Fairfax. 

A sensitivity analysis is performed  within the  Monte Carlo pricing model, which produces a probability distribution of possible outcomes by 
identifying which inputs impact the outcome the most. 

11   Site Restoration Provision 

The  Company  has  provided  indemnifications  to  third  parties  with  respect  to  future  site  restoration  costs  to  be  incurred  on  industrial  sites 
formerly owned by the Company.  The site restoration provision is based on periodic independent estimates of costs associated with soil and 
groundwater reclamation and remediation of these industrial sites.  The ultimate environmental costs are uncertain as they are dependent on 
the future use of the land and future laws and regulations. 

Changes to the site restoration provision are as follows: 

Opening balance 
Changes due to: 
  Indemnity payment for site restoration 
  Indemnity recovery for site restoration 
  Estimates of future expenditures 
  Present value adjustment 
  Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain) 
Ending balance 

- 66 - 

Year  ended 
December 31, 2019 
3,584 

$ 

Year ended  
December 31, 2018 
3,770 

$ 

(341) 
292 
(839) 
1,187 
214 
4,097 

$ 

- 
- 
102 
(3) 
(285) 
3,584 

$ 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

11   Site Restoration Provision (continued) 

Estimates  of  future  expenditures  could  change  as  a  result  of  periodic  reviews  of  the  underlying  assumptions  supporting  the  provision, 
including remediation costs and regulatory requirements. 

The  Company  conducts  periodic  reviews  of  the  underlying  assumptions  supporting  the  provision,  taking  into  consideration  the  anticipated 
method and extent of the remediation consistent with regulatory requirements, industry practices, current technology and possible uses of the 
site.  The amount of the provision is adjusted for the present value of the estimated future restoration costs discounted using interest rates of 
high quality government bonds and inflation in relation to the estimated timing of cash outflows.  

Recoveries of costs resulting from indemnifications provided by previous owners of the Company’s industrial sites have not been recognized 
in these financial statements. Future recoveries of the site restoration costs will be recorded when received. 

12   Commitments and Contingent Liabilities 

(a) 

In  connection  with  foreign  exchange  forward  contract  which  the  Company  entered  into  on  December  20,  2019,  the  Company  has 
obtained a credit facility under which the Company has pledged cash on deposit of  $3,000 (December 31, 2018 - $4,375) as security 
(see note 9).  

(b)  Effective, December 1, 2019, Westaim entered into a new operating lease for the office premises in Toronto expiring on November 30, 
2024.  At December 31, 2019, the Company had a total commitment of $1,367 for future occupancy cost payments including payments 
due not later than one year of $255 and payments due later than one year of $1,112. At December 31, 2018, the Company had a total 
commitment of $1,567 for future occupancy cost payments including payments due not later than one year of $293 and payments due 
later than one year of $1,274.  

13  Share Capital 

The Company’s authorized share capital consists of an unlimited number of common shares with no par value, Class A preferred shares with 
no par value and Class B preferred shares with no par value. 

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had a total of 143,186,718 common shares issued and outstanding, with a stated capital of 
$382,182.  There were no changes in share capital in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

No shares of the Company are held by the Company, and there were no Class A preferred shares or Class B preferred shares outstanding at 
December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

14   Share-based Compensation 

The Company’s long-term equity incentive plan (the “Incentive Plan”) provides for grants of RSUs, DSUs, stock appreciation rights and other 
share-based awards.  The Company also has a stand-alone incentive stock option plan (the “Option Plan”). 

The Option Plan is a “rolling plan” which provides that the aggregate number of common shares which may be reserved for issuance under 
the Option Plan is limited to not more than 10% of the aggregate number of common shares outstanding or 14,318,671 as at December 31, 
2019.  However, each of the Incentive Plan and the Option Plan provide that under no circumstances shall there be common shares issuable 
under such plan, together  with all other security-based compensation  arrangements of the Company,  which  exceed 10%  of the aggregate 
number of common shares outstanding. As the DSUs are settled solely in cash, they are not included in the 10% limitation referred to above. 

In  certain  circumstances  such  as  a  change  of  control  of  the  Company  or  the  sale  of  substantially  all  of  the  assets  of  the  Company,  all 
outstanding options and RSUs will vest immediately. 

- 67 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

14   Share-based Compensation (continued) 

Stock Options - Changes to the number of stock options are as follows: 

Opening balance 
Granted 
Ending balance 
Options exercisable at end of period 

Year ended December 31, 2019 

Year ended December 31, 2018 

Number 
    10,428,337 
- 
    10,428,337 
      9,156,670 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 

3.10 
- 
3.10 
3.10 

Number 
    6,613,337 
    3,815,000 
    10,428,337 
    5,680,558 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 

3.10 
3.10 
3.10 
3.10 

As at December 31, 2019 

Exercise prices 
3.10 
C$ 
3.00 
C$ 
3.25 
C$ 

As at December 31, 2018 

Exercise prices 
3.10 
C$ 
3.00 
C$ 
3.25 
C$ 

Number of 
stock options 
outstanding 
3,815,000 
3,860,397 
2,752,940 
10,428,337 

Number of 
stock options 
outstanding 
3,815,000 
3,860,397 
2,752,940 
10,428,337 

Weighted Average 
Remaining 
Contractual Life 
(years) 
  5.05 
  4.26 
  3.25 
  4.28 

Weighted Average 
Remaining 
Contractual Life 
(years) 
  6.05 
  5.26 
  4.25 
  5.28 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 

3.10 
3.00 
3.25 
3.10 

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 

3.10 
3.00 
3.25 
3.10 

Number of 
stock options 
exercisable 
2,543,333 
3,860,397 
2,752,940 
9,156,670 

Number of 
stock options 
exercisable 
1,271,667 
2,573,598 
1,835,293 
5,680,558 

Exercisable 
Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 
3.10 
3.00 
3.25 
3.10 

  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 

Exercisable 
Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 
3.10 
3.00 
3.25 
3.10 

  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 
  C$ 

On April 1, 2016, 2,752,940 options were granted to certain officers and employees of the Company.  These options have a term of seven 
years, vest in three equal instalments on April 1, 2017, April 1, 2018 and April 1, 2019, and have an exercise price of C$3.25.  The fair value 
of  the  options  granted  on  April  1,  2016  was  C$0.7332  per  option  estimated  using  the  Black-Scholes  option  pricing  model  assuming  no 
dividends are paid on the common shares, a risk-free interest rate of 0.61%, an average life of 4.0 years, a volatility of 46.49%, and a grant 
date share price of C$2.54 converted to US$ at an exchange rate of $1.3047. 

On April 3, 2017, 3,860,397 additional options were granted to certain officers and employees of the Company.  These options have a term of 
seven years, vest in three equal instalments on December 31, 2017, December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019, and have an exercise price 
of C$3.00.  The fair value of the options granted on April 3, 2017 was C$0.8616 per option estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing 
model assuming no dividends are paid on the common shares, a risk-free interest rate of 1.00%, an average life of 4.0 years, a volatility of 
35.45%, and a grant date share price of C$2.98 converted to US$ at an exchange rate of $1.3386. 

On January 18, 2018, 3,815,000 additional options were granted to certain officers and employees of the Company.  These options have a 
term  of  seven  years,  vest  in  three  equal  instalments  on  December  31,  2018,  December  31,  2019  and  December  31,  2020,  and  have  an 
exercise price of C$3.10.  The fair value of the options granted on  January 18, 2018 was C$0.7185 per option estimated using the Black-
Scholes option pricing model assuming no dividends are paid on the common shares, a risk-free interest rate of 1.92%, an average life of 4.0 
years, a volatility of 25.35%, and a grant date share price of C$3.10 converted to US$ at an exchange rate of $1.2429. 

No options were granted or issued in the year ended December 31, 2019. 

The amounts computed according to the Black-Scholes pricing model may not be indicative of the actual values realized upon the exercise of 
options by the holders. 

Compensation  expense  relating  to  options  was  $970  and  $2,344  in  the  years  ended  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively,  with  a 
corresponding increase to contributed surplus. 

Restricted  Share  Units  -  RSUs  vested  on  specific  dates  and  became  payable  when  vested  with  either  cash  or  common  shares  of  the 
Company, at the option of the holder. 

- 68 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

14   Share-based Compensation (continued) 

Changes to the number of RSUs are as follows: 

Opening balance 
Exercised 
Ending balance 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 
3,034,261 
3,034,261 
    - 
- 
3,034,261 
3,034,261 

On November 14, 2014, an aggregate of 2,375,000 RSUs were granted to certain officers, employees and consultants.  These RSUs have a 
term of fifteen years from date of issue and at December 31, 2019, all of these RSUs had vested, of which 265,937 RSUs had been exercised 
and 2,109,063 RSUs were outstanding. 

On April 1, 2016, an additional 925,198 RSUs were granted to certain officers and employees of the Company. These RSUs have a term of 
fifteen years from date of issue and at December 31, 2019, all of these RSUs had vested and none have been exercised. 

There were 3,034,261 RSUs outstanding at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. No RSUs were granted or exercised in the years 
ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

Compensation expenses relating to  RSUs, including the impact of the change in the market value of  the  Company’s common shares  was  
$169 and a recovery of $827 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  At December 31, 2019, a liability of $6,192 
(December  31,  2018  -  $5,738)  had  been  accrued  by  the  Company  with  respect  to  outstanding  RSUs  in  the  consolidated  statements  of 
financial position. 

Deferred Share Units - DSUs are issued to certain directors of the Company in lieu of director fees, at their election, at the market value of 
the Company’s common shares at the date of grant and are paid out solely in cash no later than the end of the calendar year following the 
year the participant ceases to be a director. 

Changes to the number of DSUs are as follows: 

Opening balance 
Granted 
Ending balance 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 
416,529 
518,855 
102,326 
123,924 
518,855 
642,779 

In the year ended December 31, 2019, 123,924 DSUs were issued in lieu of director fees of $244 and in the year ended December 31, 2018, 
102,326 DSUs were issued in lieu of director fees of $228. No DSUs were exercised in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

Compensation expenses relating to  DSUs, including the impact of the change in the market value of  the  Company’s common shares was 
$279 and $40 in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  At December 31, 2019, a liability of $1,312 (December 31, 
2018 - $981) had been accrued with respect to outstanding DSUs in the consolidated statements of financial position. 

15   Related Party Transactions 

Related parties include key management personnel, close family members of key management personnel and entities which are, directly or 
indirectly,  controlled  by,  jointly  controlled  by  or  significantly  influenced  by  key  management  personnel  or  their  close  family  members.    Key 
management  personnel  are  those  persons  having  authority  and  responsibility  for  planning,  directing  and  controlling  the  activities  of  the 
Company, directly or indirectly, and include executive officers and current and former directors of the Company. 

Compensation expenses related to the Company’s key management personnel are as follows:  

Salaries and benefits 
Share-based compensation 

  $ 

  $ 

- 69 - 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 
3,311 
3,186 
1,550 
  1,401 
4,861 
4,587 

  $ 

  $ 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

15   Related Party Transactions (continued) 

Fees paid to Hartford Consulting, Inc. (the “Consultant”), a company owned by William R. Andrus, a director of HIIG, for insurance industry 
related consulting services were $136 and $138 in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  Compensation relating to 
RSUs issued to the Consultant was an expense of $3 and a recovery of $23 for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, 
and  the  amounts  were  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and  comprehensive  income  under  share-based  compensation 
expense.  At December 31, 2019, a liability of $121 (December 31, 2018 - $112) had been accrued in the consolidated statements of financial 
position with respect to outstanding RSUs held by the Consultant. 

The Company received a cash dividend from the Arena FINCOs in the amount of $4,581 and a dividend in kind in the amount of $117 in the 
year ended December 31, 2019. No dividends were received in 2018. 

The Company earned and received interest on loans to related parties as follows:  

Related parties: 
  Arena FINCOs Term Loan (note 6) 
  Arena FINCOs Demand Loan (note 4 and 6) 
  Arena Investors Revolving Loan (note 6) 

Unrelated parties: 

Interest earned on bank balances 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 

179 
680 
1,018 
1,877 

194 
2,071 

  $ 

725 
1,385 
856 
  $             2,966 

  $ 

94 
3,060 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

The Company earned advisory fees of $791 and $1,000 from HIIG in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively  and the 
Company earned advisory fees of $1,613 and $440 from the Arena Group in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  
Advisory fees are included in fee income in the consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income. 

On December 31, 2018, all outstanding M units of each of AOC and AFHC held by BP LLC were redeemed. Redemption payments in respect 
of the redemption of the M units of each of AOC and AFHC in the amount of $724, were paid to BP LLC on March 27, 2019. 

16  

Income Taxes 

Income taxes are recognized for deferred income taxes attributed to estimated differences between the financial statement carrying values of 
assets and liabilities and their respective income tax bases.  Deferred tax assets / (liabilities) recognized in profit or loss are as follows: 

Unrealized gain on investments in private entities 
Non-capital loss carry-forwards 
Difference between statutory and foreign tax credits 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 
 (2,314) 
           $    (862) 
                2,314 
- 
- 
96 
        $              - 
 $     (766) 

 $ 

As the realization of any related tax benefits is not probable, no deferred income tax assets have been recognized for the following: 

$ 

December 31, 2019  December 31, 2018 
30,237 
5,121 
13,928 
325 
3,330 

38,612 
5,380 
11,138 
342 
2,758 

$ 

Non-capital loss carry-forwards 
Capital loss carry-forwards 
Deductible temporary differences 
Corporate minimum tax credits 
Investment tax credits 

- 70 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

16  

Income Taxes (continued) 

The unrecognized non-capital losses and investment tax credits will expire at various times to the end of 2039, as follows: 

Non-capital losses by year of expiry: 
  2032 
  2033 
  2034 
  2035 
  2036 
  2037 
  2038  
  2039 

$ 

$ 

7,739 
2,949 
3,757 
1,988 
69 
10,200 
5,817 
6,093 
38,612 

  $ 

Investment tax credits by year of expiry: 
  2020 
  2021 
  2022 
  2023 
10,127 
  2024 
5,712 
  Beyond 2025 
4,577 

 $ 

634 
495 
249 
135 
306 
939 
2,758 

25,661 

The  following  is  a  reconciliation  of  income  taxes  calculated  at  the  statutory  income  tax  rate  to  the  income  tax  expense  included  in  the 
consolidated statements of profit and comprehensive income: 

Profit before income tax 
Statutory income tax rates 
Income taxes at statutory income tax rates 
Variations due to: 
  Non-taxable portion of unrealized loss (gain) 
    on investments in private entities 
  Tax losses allocated from the HIIG Partnership 
  Non-taxable items 
  Difference between statutory and foreign tax rates 
  Unrecognized temporary differences 
  Unrecognized tax losses 
Income tax expense 

Year ended December 31 
2018 
2019 
$  16,793 
$  9,462 
26.5% 
26.5% 
4,450 
2,507 

132 
(45) 
(1,120) 
(51) 
(14) 
(471) 
938 

$ 

(2,314) 
(22) 
(517) 
22 
(1,471) 
(148) 
- 

$ 

At December 31, 2019, a current income tax receivable from the Canadian federal tax authority of $427 and current income tax payables to 
the  United  States  federal  tax  authority  of  $387  were  recorded  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  financial  position.  At  December  31,  2018, 
there was no current income tax receivable or payable recorded in the consolidated statements of financial position. 

At December 31, 2019, a deferred income tax liability for United States federal taxes of $399 was recorded in the consolidated statements of 
financial position and at December 31, 2018, there was no deferred tax liability recorded in the consolidated statements of financial position. 

Income  tax  expense  recorded  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  profit  and  comprehensive  income  was  $938  and  $nil  in  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Income tax expense consists of current Canadian tax recoveries in the amount of $132 (2018 - 
$nil), current United State tax expenses of $304 (2018 - $nil) and deferred United State tax expenses of $766 (2018 - $nil).  

17  Earnings per Share 

The Company had 10,428,337 stock options, 3,034,261 RSUs and 14,285,715 Warrants outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018.  The 
stock options and Warrants for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were excluded in the calculation of diluted earnings per share 
as they were not dilutive. The RSUs for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were included in the calculation of diluted earnings per 
share as they were dilutive. 

- 71 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

17  Earnings per Share (continued) 

Earnings per share, basic and diluted, are as follows: 

Basic earnings per share: 
     Profit  
     Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
Basic earnings per share 

Diluted earnings per share: 
     Profit  
     Dilutive RSU expense (recovery) 
  Profit on a diluted basis 

  Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
  Dilutive impact of RSUs  
  Weighted average number of common shares outstanding on a dilutive basis 
Diluted earnings per share 
1 Adjusted to conform to the presentation of the current year. 

18 

 Capital Management 

Year ended December 31 
20181 
2019 

$    8,524 
143,186,718 
0.06 

 $ 

$  16,793 
143,186,718 
0.12 

 $ 

$    8,524 
454 
    $    8,978 

143,186,718 
3,034,264 
146,220,979 
0.06 
    $ 

$  16,793 
(1,416) 
    $  15,377 

143,186,718 
2,963,557 
146,150,275 
0.11 
     $ 

The Company’s capital currently consists of the Preferred Securities and common shareholders’ equity.   

The Company’s guiding principles for capital management are to maintain the stability and safety of the Company’s capital for its stakeholders 
through an appropriate capital mix and a strong balance sheet. 

The Company monitors the mix and adequacy of its capital on a continuous basis.  The Company employs internal metrics.  The capital of the 
Company is not subject to any restrictions.  Units of the HIIG Partnership cannot be issued without the prior approval of the unitholders and, in 
connection with any such issuance, the holders of units have pre-emptive rights entitling them to purchase their pro rata share of any units 
that may be so issued. 

19  Financial Risk Management 

The Company is exposed to a number of risks due to its business operations.  The Company’s consolidated statement of financial position at 
December  31,  2019  consists  of  short-term  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  with  maturities  of  less  than  one  year,  loans  receivable, 
investments in private entities  and associates, Preferred Securities, derivative warrant liability and the site restoration provision.  The most 
significant identified risks which arise from holding financial instruments include  credit risk, liquidity risk, currency risk, interest rate risk and 
equity  risk.    The  Company  has  a  comprehensive  risk  management  framework  to  monitor,  evaluate  and  manage  the  risks  assumed  in 
conducting its business. 

Credit risk 

Credit  risk  refers  to  the  risk  that  counterparty  will  default  on  its  contractual  obligations  resulting  in  financial  loss  to  the  Company.    The 
Company’s credit risk arises primarily from its cash and cash equivalents.  The Company manages such risk by maintaining bank accounts 
with Schedule 1 banks in Canada and a major bank in the United States. 

Loans receivable by the Company were made to subsidiaries which the Company controls and the loans are secured by underlying assets of 
the subsidiaries.  Therefore, credit risk related to these loans is nominal. 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company may not be able to generate sufficient cash resources to settle its obligations in full as they fall due 
or can only do so on terms that are materially disadvantageous. 

- 72 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Westaim Corporation  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements  
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(Currency amounts in thousands of United States dollars except per share data, unless otherwise indicated) 

19  Financial Risk Management (continued) 

The  Company  has  made  investments  in  private  entities  and  associates  which  do  not  typically  have  an  active  market.    Private  investment 
transactions can be highly structured and the Company takes measures, where possible, to create defined liquidity events and as part of its 
strategy, the Company has sought to create or accelerate such liquidity events.  However, such liquidity events are rarely expected in the first 
two or three years of making an investment and may not be realized as expected. 

At December 31, 2019, the Company’s short-term financial liabilities amounted to $3,008 (December 31, 2018 - $2,886), and the Company 
has access to cash and other resources to meet these financial obligations. 

Currency risk 

The Company’s C$ denominated monetary liabilities exceed C$ denominated monetary assets, including its C$40 million (December 2018 – 
C$35 million) foreign exchange forward contract.  A 10% strengthening of the C$ against the US$ would have increased the foreign exchange 
loss  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  by  approximately  $1,534.    A  similar  weakening  of  the  C$  would  have  resulted  in  an  opposite 
effect. 

From time to  time, the  Company may enter into foreign  exchange forward contracts  to manage certain foreign currency exposures  arising 
from foreign currency denominated transactions.  The Company has not designated any foreign exchange forward contracts as accounting 
hedges. 

Interest rate risk 

The Company does not believe that the results of operations or cash flows would be affected to any significant degree by a sudden change in 
market interest rates relative to interest rates on its cash and cash equivalents, loans receivable, or the Preferred Securities.  The Company is 
subject to interest rate risks indirectly as a result of its investment in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) and the Arena FINCOs as certain 
underlying investments made by these entities are sensitive to interest rate movements. 

Equity risk 

There is no active market for the Company’s investment in HIIG (through the HIIG Partnership) and the Arena Group.  The Company holds 
these  investments  for  strategic  and  not  trading  purposes.  The  fair  values  of  these  investments  recorded  in  the  Company’s  consolidated 
financial statements have been arrived at using industry accepted valuation techniques.  Due to the inherent uncertainty of valuation, these 
fair values may not be indicative of the actual values which can be realized upon a liquidity event for these investments. 

20  Subsequent Events 

In the period subsequent to December 31, 2019, global financial markets have been experiencing significant volatility.  During this period, in 
respect of the Company’s investment in HIIG LP, declines in multiples of book value are observed for peer insurance companies, implying a 
decline in the multiple applied to the adjusted book value of HIIG.  The value of HIIG’s and the Arena FINCOs’ investment portfolios could also 
be  impacted  as  a  result  of  the  financial  market  volatility.   Since  these  market  conditions  are  continuing  to  fluctuate  significantly,  it  is  not 
possible  to  reliably  estimate  the  length  and  severity  of  these  developments  and  the  impact  on  the  financial  results  and  condition  of  the 
Company  and  its  investments  in  future  periods.  These  market  events  are  not  representative  of  market  conditions  that  existed  as  at  the 
December 31, 2019 valuation date. 

On March 19, 2020, the Company committed to invest $44 million into a $100 million HIIG’s rights offering (“Rights Offering”), representing the 
Company’s  pro  rata  ownership  of  HIIG  common  shares  (“HIIG  Common  Shares”)  through  HIIG  LP.   Under  the  Rights  Offering,  existing 
holders of HIIG Common Shares, including HIIG LP unitholders,  are entitled to subscribe for an aggregate of two million shares of Series A 
Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Preferred Shares”) at $50 par value on a pro rata basis. The Rights Offering is expected to close during the 
first  half  of  2020  and  is  subject  to  customary  closing  conditions.  In  order  to  help  fund  the  Company’s  Rights  Offering  commitment,  the 
Company received cash distributions in January and early March totaling $35 million from the Arena FINCOs. 

The  Preferred  Shares  will  initially  be  convertible  into  HIIG  Common  Shares  based  on  a  conversion  price  equal  to  $1.74  (the  “Conversion 
Price”).  Upon completion by HIIG of the LPT transaction, the Conversion Price will be reduced for the after-tax cost of the LPT transaction (on 
a per share basis) and will also be subject to adjustment from time to time based on the occurrence of certain events.  In the event of any 
liquidation of HIIG, holders of the Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive in preference to  the holders of  the HIIG Common Shares an 
amount equal to the aggregate of the (i) the face value of each Preferred Share held plus (ii) the amount of any declared but unpaid dividends 
payable in respect of the HIIG Common Shares underlying such Preferred Shares.  At all meetings of shareholders of HIIG holders of the 
Preferred Shares will be entitled to such number of votes as is equal to the total number of HIIG Common  Shares (disregarding fractions) 
issuable upon the conversion in full of the Preferred Shares at the then applicable Conversion Price. 

- 73 - 

                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

Stephen R. Cole 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 

J. Cameron MacDonald 

Lead Director, The Westaim Corporation 
President, Seeonee Inc. 

President and Chief Executive Officer, The Westaim 
Corporation 

Ian W. Delaney 3 

Executive Chairman, The Westaim Corporation 

Bruce V. Walter 1, 2, 3 

Chairman, Nunavut Iron Ore, Inc. 
Vice Chair, Centerra Gold Inc. 

John W. Gildner 1, 2, 3, 4 

Independent Businessman 

Numbers indicate the individual’s committee membership: 
1.  Member of the Audit Committee 
2.  Member of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee 
3.  Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 
4.  Chair of the Audit Committee 
5.  Chair of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee 
6.  Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee 

CORPORATE INFORMATION 

STOCK INFORMATION 

OFFICES 

Ian W. Delaney 

Executive Chairman 

Traded on the TSX Venture Exchange 
under the symbol WED 

The Westaim Corporation, Corporate 
Office 

70 York Street, Suite 1700 

Toronto, Ontario  M5J 1S9 

The Westaim Corporation of America 
405 Lexington Avenue, 59th Floor 
New York, New York  10174 

CONTACT INFORMATION 

Tel:   (416) 969-3333 

Fax:  (416) 969-3334 
E-mail: info@westaim.com 
www.westaim.com 

J. Cameron MacDonald 

Shares issued and outstanding 

President and Chief Executive Officer 

at December 31, 2019 were 143,186,718 

Robert T. Kittel 

Chief Operating Officer 

Glenn G. MacNeil 

Chief Financial Officer 

TRANSFER AGENT & REGISTRAR 

Computershare Investor Services Inc. 
600, 530 – 8th Avenue SW 
Calgary, Alberta  T2P 3S8 

www.investorcentre.com 

Shareholder inquiries by phone 

Toll Free: 1-800-564-6253 

Toll : 1-514-982-7555 

Fax Numbers : 1-888-453-0330 

                        1-514-982-7635 

- 74 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
THE WESTAIM CORPORATION 

70 York Street, Suite 1700 
Toronto, Ontario, Canada 
M5J 1S9 

www.westaim.com 
info@westaim.com