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Tomra Systems

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FY2019 Annual Report · Tomra Systems
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Annual Report and 
Financial Statements 
2019 

TomCo Energy plc 

For further information visit us online at: 
www.tomcoenergy.com or email us at: info@tomcoenergy.com 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY DETAILS 

TOMCO ENERGY PLC 

Company Numbers 
Isle of Man 
England & Wales 

Country of 
Incorporation 

6969V 
FC022829 

Isle of Man 

Board of Directors 
Stephen West 
John Potter  
Alexander Benger 
Malcolm Groat  

Non-Executive Chairman  
Chief Executive Officer 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

Registered Office 
2nd Floor 
Sixty Circular Road 
Douglas 
Isle of Man IM1 1AE 

Broker 
Turner Pope Investments (TPI) Ltd 
6th Floor, Becket House 
Old Jewry  
London EC2R 8DD 

Nominated Adviser 
Strand Hanson Limited 
26 Mount Row 
London  
W1K 3SQ 

Registrars 
Computershare Investor Services plc 
The Pavilions 
Bridgwater Road 
Bristol BS99 6ZZ 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS 

Chairman’s statement 

Directors’ report 

Corporate governance statement 

Audit committee report 

Remuneration committee report 

Independent auditors’ report 

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 

Consolidated statement of financial position 

Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

Consolidated statement of cash flows 

Notes to the financial statements 

Page 

1 

3 

7 

13 

14 

15 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

I  am  pleased  to  be  delivering  my  first  Chairman’s  Statement  to  the 
shareholders of TomCo Energy plc  (“TomCo” or the “Company” or, with its 
subsidiaries,  the  “Group”),  together  with  the  Annual  Report  and  Financial 
Statements for the year ended 30 September 2019. 

Market Conditions 
During  the  year  we  saw  a  marked 
improvement in market conditions for 
global capital markets and the oil and 
gas industry.  However, at the time of 
this  statement  we  have 
writing 
witnessed 
unforeseen 
the 
emergence  of  the  COVID-19  virus, 
which  has  had  a  dramatic  effect  on 
the global capital markets and, for the 
foreseeable  future,  this  will  have  an 
impact on all industries including the 
oil and gas industry. 

technology 

TurboShale RF Technology 
With the completion of the field test of 
TurboShale’s  RF 
in 
September 2019 (“Field Test”) on the 
Group’s Holliday A Block, the Group 
progressed  its  assessment  of  its 
unconventional oil shale resources in 
Utah. 

team, 

significant 

the  expansion  of 

The  lessons  learnt  from  the  Field 
the 
Test  and 
Group’s  advisory 
including 
IGES Inc. as the Groups Geological 
Services advisor, Matt Himes as the 
Groups  Field  Operations  adviser, 
and the close support of Continental 
Electronics,  meant  the  Field  Test 
delivered 
data.  
Unfortunately,  the  main  aim  of  the 
Field  Test  to  recover  enough  oil  for 
testing was not met, though sufficient 
evidence was generated to show the 
process  did  heat  the  oil  shale.    The 
analysis  completed  post  the  Field 
Test,  with  Continental  Electronics, 
has 
design 
improvements needed to the antenna 
and how these improvements can be 
implemented.    However,  with  the 
global effects of the COVID-19 virus 

determined 

the 

still  developing,  the  Company  has 
taken  the  decision  to  postpone  the 
next 
test  of  TurboShale’s  RF 
  The  Company  will 
technology. 
continue to explore its  potential with 
laboratory-based 
testing  until  a 
further  field  test  can,  subject  to 
funding, be planned and undertaken. 

Valkor Oil Sands Opportunity 
In  December  2019,  the  Company 
signed  a  non-binding  memorandum 
of understanding (“MoU”) with Valkor 
Technology LLC (“Valkor”) to explore 
the  oil  sands  potential  across  the 
Group’s  oil  shale  leases  within  the 
Uintah Basin, Utah, USA (“Leases”).  
Valkor 
international 
an 
is 
procurement, 
engineering, 
construction and installation and field 
operations company, with operations 
in the US, South America and Africa 
both on and offshore and the owner 
and  operator  of  gas  and  oil  fields  in 
Trinidad,  USA,  Turkey  and  Ukraine.  
Through 
their  subsidiary,  Valkor 
Energy Services, they have assisted 
with  the  design  improvements  of 
Petroteq  Energy  Inc’s  (“Petroteq”) 
closed  loop  system  for  use  in  the 
recovery of oil from oil sands (the “Oil 
Sands  Technology”)  and  has  a 
licence from Petroteq to utilise the Oil 
Sands Technology in the USA. 

the 

results  of 

Based  on 
the 
preliminary  work  undertaken  to  date 
in accordance with the MoU, TomCo 
entered into a exclusivity agreement 
with  Valkor  on  19  March  2020, 
pursuant to which the Company and 
Valkor  have  agreed,  inter  alia,  to 
study  the  potential  to  deploy  the  Oil 
Sands  Technology  at  a  suitable 
____ 
1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
third  party, 

location  and  to  jointly  fund  a  Pre-
FEED  study.    The  Pre-FEED  study 
will be undertaken by Valkor and be 
to 
verified  by  a 
demonstrate the economic viability of 
the  Oil  Sands  Technology,  with  a 
gross  budget  of  US$250,000  to  be 
funded equally by the parties.  Should 
the results of the Pre-FEED study be 
sufficiently favourable, the Company 
anticipates  entering  into  a  binding 
agreement with Valkor to establish a 
JV company by the end of June 2020, 
with TomCo and Valkor each holding 
a 50% equity  interest, to pursue the 
development of a plant using the Oil 
Sands Technology on land yet to be 
determined. 

study 

it 
Under  normal  circumstances, 
would  be  expected  that  the  Pre-
take 
FEED 
approximately 
to 
complete.  However, with the effects 
of the COVID-19 virus  still unfolding 
and the resultant travel restrictions, it 
is likely the study will take longer. 

would 
four  weeks 

step  into  the  role  of  Non-Executive 
Chairman.  On behalf of the Board, I 
would  like  to  thank  Andrew  for  his 
hard  work  as  Executive  Chairman 
over  the  last  five  years  and  the 
integral 
the 
role  he  played 
development  of  the  Company  and 
wish  him  all  the  best  with  his  future 
endeavours. 

in 

Outlook and Summary 
the  general 
As  already  outlined, 
sector  backdrop  has  entered  an 
unprecedented challenge due to the 
impact  of  the  COVID-19  virus  on 
  Where 
global  capital  markets. 
possible, we will seek to reduce costs 
in every aspect of the business whilst 
ensuring  we  operate  as  efficiently 
and effectively as possible. 

like 
for 

to 
thank  all 
We  would 
shareholders 
their  continued 
support and look forward to providing 
positive  updates  throughout  2020 
and into 2021. 

Corporate 
TomCo  witnessed  a  busy  year  in 
terms  of  corporate  activity.  Four 
equity  fundraises  were  completed 
during the year, raising, in aggregate, 
£1.7  million 
(gross),  with  an 
additional £0.9 million (gross) raised 
post year end in December 2019. 

Stephen West 
Non-Executive Chairman 
26 March 2020 

its  cash 

forecasts, 

Following the fundraise in December, 
as  at  26  March  2020,  the  Company 
had cash of approximately £745,000 
and the Directors believe that based 
on 
the 
flow 
Company has sufficient funds  for its 
present  requirements  through  to  the 
end of March 2021.  If the Company 
seeks to advance the RF technology 
or  undertake  further  work  in  respect 
of  the  oil  sands  over  and  above  the 
Pre-FEED  study,  the  Company  will 
need to raise further funds. 

Further,  post  the  year  end  Andrew 
Jones  stepped  down  as  Executive 
Chairman 
other 
opportunities  and  I  was  pleased  to 

pursue 

to 

____ 
2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The Directors submit their report and the financial statements of the Group for the year ended 30 September 
2019. 

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY 
The  principal  activity  of  the  Group  is  that  of  deploying  technology  on  its  oil  shale  leases  and  other 
unconventional oil resources for future production. 

RISK ASSESSMENT 
The Group’s oil and gas activities are subject to a range of financial and operational risks which can significantly 
impact on its performance, with the key risks for the year ended 30 September 2019 set out below. 

Operational risk 

SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd undertook an independent resource assessment in relation to the Group’s 
oil  shale  leases  ML  49570  and  ML  49571 (the  “Leases”) in 2019.  This assessment showed  a  best  estimate 
Contingent  Resources  (2C)  of,  in  aggregate,  131.3  MM  bbl  of  oil  assessed  under  Petroleum  Resources 
Management System (“PRMS”) guidelines, plus a best estimate Prospective Resource (2U) of, in aggregate, 
442.8  MM  bbl oil  across the  Leases.  This  estimate included the  Holliday  A  Block,  where the  Field  Test took 
place, with 2C Contingent Resources of 57.3 MM bbl of oil and 2U Prospective Resources of 84.7 MM bbl of 
oil  using  in  situ  recovery  methods  aligned  to  TurboShale  RF  technologies  which  continues  to  be  under 
development. 

In  March  2017,  TomCo  incorporated  a  new  US  company,  TurboShale  Inc.  (“TurboShale”),  and  entered  into 
agreements with JR Technologies LLC (“JRT”) to seek to advance the radio frequency (“RF”) technology used 
in  the  BART  Programme.  TurboShale  acquired  the  rights  from  JRT  over  patent  US7891421B  Method  and 
Apparatus  for  In-Situ  Radiofrequency  Heating  (US  Application  62/017/408),  and  patent  application 
US2015/035433A1  Subsurface  Multiple  Antenna  Radiation  Technology  (SMART),  which  are  the  two  key 
patents  relating  to  TurboShale’s  RF  technology  and  process.  The  patent  application  was  granted  in  full  in 
January 2019. 

The  completion  of  the  Field  Test  identified  a  number  of  changes  required  to  be  made  to  TurboShale’s  RF 
technology to ensure its safe operation and to successfully complete the objective of recovery of oil from the 
Company’s Holliday A Block. The Company is further evaluating the technology during 2020 before starting to 
plan the next field test. 

The  Directors  have  identified  the  following  main  risks  in  relation  to  the  Field  Test  and  TurboShale’s  RF 
technology: 

• 

• 

• 

Notwithstanding  the  successful  outcome  of  the  BART  Programme,  the  Company  is  seeking  to 
demonstrate that TurboShale’s RF technology can be used to recover oil and gas on an economic basis 
with the ultimate goal of moving towards commercial production of the Company’s oil shale assets. The 
Field Test, completed in  2019, represents an important step in this process. The primary objective of 
the Field Test was the recovery of oil from the Company’s Holliday A Block through the application of 
TurboShale’s RF technology. Notwithstanding the  Board’s confidence in TurboShale’s RF  technology 
proving successful, we have yet to prove it on our asset. Accordingly, there can be no certainty that the 
technology  will  be  successful  and/or  recover  any  oil.  Even  if  it  does  recover  oil,  it  may  not  recover 
sufficient volumes to be able to complete the necessary analysis and/or such analysis may determine 
that the process is not commercial or scalable. 

The  Group  has  been  advancing  the  development  of  TurboShale’s  RF  technology  and  has  made  a 
significant  investment  in  acquiring  specialised  equipment,  including  radio  frequency  transmitters. 
Further changes to the system have been identified and before further funding is deployed, testing these 
changes together with further analysis of the system will be carried out. The cost of this analysis has yet 
to be determined and may require the Company to raise further funding to allow the work to be carried 
out. 

This  RF  process  does  not  use  surface  mining  and  instead  works  in  situ,  through  the  use  of  Radio 
Frequency  Antennas  located  within  drilled  boreholes.  The  Field  Test  has  been  completed  using 
exploration  permits  that  have  a  minimal  cost  and  time  in  securing.  To  expand  the  operations  into  a 
commercial operation, a Small Mining Operating permit (“SMO”) will be required.  

____ 
3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report 

Risks relating to environmental, health and safety and other regulatory standards 

The Group’s future extraction activities are subject to various federal and state laws and regulations relating to 
the  protection  of  the  environment  including  the  obtaining  of  appropriate  permits  and  approvals  by  relevant 
environmental authorities. Such regulations typically cover a wide variety of matters including, without limitation, 
prevention  of  waste,  pollution  and  protection  of  the  environment,  labour  regulations  and  worker  safety. 
Furthermore, the future introduction or enactment of new laws, guidelines and regulations could serve to limit 
or  curtail  the  growth  and  development  of  the  Group’s  business  or  have  an  otherwise  negative  impact  on  its 
operations. The Group ensures it complies with the relevant laws and regulations in force in the jurisdictions in 
which it operates. 

Liquidity and interest rate risks 

The Group is ultimately dependent on sources of equity or debt funding to develop TurboShale or any other 
recovery  technology  and  in  turn  its  exploration  assets  and  meet  its  day  to  day  capital  commitments.  Cash 
forecasts identifying the liquidity requirements of the Group are produced frequently and are reviewed regularly 
by  management  and  the  Board.  This  strategy  will  continually  be  reviewed  in  the  light  of  developments  with 
existing projects and new project opportunities as they arise. For further information regarding the Group’s cash 
resources and future funding requirements, refer to the ‘Going Concern’ section below. 

Currency risk 

Due to the limited income and expenses denominated in foreign currencies, it was not considered cost effective 
to  manage  transactional  currency  exposure  on  an  active  basis.  However,  as  the  financial  statements  are 
reported in sterling, any movements in the exchange rate of foreign currencies against sterling may affect the 
Group’s statements of comprehensive income and financial position. The Group holds some cash in US dollars 
to mitigate the foreign exchange risk and keeps its currency profile under review. 

COVID-19 risk 

The  full  effect  and  impact  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  will  take  time  to  be  understood.    At  the  time  of  the 
publication  of  these  accounts,  the  full  effects  are  not  yet  known,  though  it  is  clear  that  the  effects  will  be 
significant.  Already we have seen a slowing of the global economy and a material reduction in both the demand 
for and the price of oil, which will likely have an impact on the attractiveness of exploration assets, including the 
Group’s, which may result in future funding for projects being harder to secure.  In respect of the Group’s current 
operations, being the Pre-FEED study, this will likely take longer to be completed than initially anticipated due 
to the current imposed travel restrictions.  In the event that the pandemic continues into the second half of 2020, 
the Board will consider what cost reduction measures are needed and can be implemented to ensure the Group 
can continue to trade. 

Financial instruments 

It was not considered an appropriate policy for the Group to enter any hedging activities or trade in any financial 
instruments. Further information can be found in Note 19. 

RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS 
The statement of comprehensive income is set out on page 19. The Directors do not propose the payment of 
a dividend (2018: £nil). 

REVIEW OF THE KEY EVENTS DURING THE YEAR 

TurboShale 

The Field Test of TurboShale’s RF technology was completed on the Groups Holliday A Block in September 
2019. The results of the Field Test, while they didn’t result in the recovery of any oil, did produce a significant 
amount of data. The data is continuing to be used to develop the system and has already identified a number 
of improvements that should, in the Directors’ opinion, lead to the successful operation of the technology when, 
subject to funding, it is next tested. 

____ 
4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report 

Financing 

During the financial year, TomCo completed four equity fundraises of a total of 63,351,796 new ordinary shares, 
which  raised  a  total  of  £1.7  million  before  costs.  The  proceeds  were  used  for  the  advancement  of  the 
TurboShale field test and for general working capital.  

In addition, unsecured loans of, in aggregate, £250,000, provided by Chris Brown, were settled in January 2019 
by the issue of 5 million new ordinary shares at 2p per share and £150,000 in cash. In addition, warrants were 
exercised for a total of 2,839,091 which raised £66,600. In addition, TomCo sold its entire interest in Red Leaf 
Resources Inc. in October 2018 for a total consideration of US$133,333. 

Since the end of the financial year there has been a further placing of 142,307,692 new ordinary shares, raising 
£925,000  (gross).  These  funds  have  been  deployed  to  working  capital  and  the  Pre-FEED  study  to  be 
undertaken by Valkor. 

As at 26 March 2020, the Company had cash of approximately £745,000 and cash flow forecasts indicate that 
the Company has sufficient funds through to the end of March 2021 as detailed below under Going Concern 
and in Note 1.1 to the financial statements. 

Directors 
Directors who served on the Board during the year to 30 September 2019 and to date were as follows: 

Andrew Jones (resigned 16 March 2020) 

John Potter 

Alexander Benger  

Malcolm Groat  

Laurence Read (appointed 1 January 2019; resigned 28 June 2019) 

Post the period end, Stephen West was appointed as a Non-Executive Director on 17 February 2020 

Directors’ interests in the ordinary shares of the Company, including family interests, as at 30 September 
2019 were as follows: 

A Jones* 
J Potter 
A Benger 
M. Groat 
L. Read 

30 September 2019 

30 September 2018 (or date of appointment) 

Ordinary shares 
of nil par value 
380,838 
26,500 
18,293 
11,887 
- 
437,518 

Share 
warrants 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Share options 

2,666,666 
1,714,285 
380,952 
380,952 
- 
5,142,855 

Ordinary shares 
of nil par value 
38,146 
26,500 
18,293 
11,887 
- 
94,826 

Share 
warrants 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Share 
options 
2,666,666 
1,714,285 
380,952 
380,952 
- 
5,142,855 

Details  of  remuneration,  share  warrants  and  share  options  can  be  found  in  the  Remuneration  Committee 
Report, Notes 6,17 and 18 to the financial statements. 

*  The  number  for  Mr.  Jones  includes  342,692  Ordinary  shares  held  in  his  Self-Invested  Personal  Pension 
Scheme (“SIPP”). 

Payments of payables 
The Group’s policy is to negotiate payment terms with its suppliers in all sectors to ensure that they know the 
terms on which payment will take place when the business is agreed and to abide by those terms of payment. 

Going Concern 
The  Directors  have  prepared  cash  flow  forecasts  for  the  next  15  months  from  the  date  of  signing  of  these 
financial statements. Under the forecasts, the Group plans to engage Valkor to evaluate the commercial viability 
of a commercial scale plant based on the Petroteq oil recovery system. The forecasts indicate the Group has 
sufficient funds to complete the engagement and has sufficient funds to meet its liabilities as they fall due until 
March  2021.  Further  funding  will  be  required  if  the  Directors  decide  to  explore  the  opportunity  to  develop  a 
commercial  scale  oil  sands  plant  or  to  further  advance  the  RF  technology  and  to  ensure  the  Company  can 
____ 
5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report 

continue to meet its liabilities and commitments through to March 2021.  

The Director’s note that COVID-19 has had a significant negative impact on the global economy and oil prices 
have fallen significantly, which may mean it is harder to secure additional funding than it has historically been. 
Notwithstanding  this,  the  Directors  have  a  reasonable  expectation  that  they  can  secure  additional  funding, 
based on recent fundraisings, which would provide sufficient funds to meet operating expenditure beyond March 
2021 or in the event that the Company sought further funds to explore the opportunity to develop a commercial 
scale  oil  sands  plant  or  to  further  advance  the  RF  technology.  However,  these  conditions  are  necessarily 
considered  to  represent  a  material  uncertainty  which  may  cast  significant  doubt  over  the  Group’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern. Whilst acknowledging this material uncertainty, the Directors remain confident of 
raising any additional funds required and therefore the Directors consider it appropriate to prepare the financial 
statements on a going concern basis.  The financial statements do not include the adjustments that would result 
if the Group was unable to continue as a going concern. 

Directors’ responsibilities 
The Directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records, that are sufficient to show and explain 
the Group’s transactions and disclose, with reasonable accuracy at any time, the financial position of the Group 
and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  financial  statements  may  be  prepared,  in  accordance  with  the  Isle  of  Man 
Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group and for taking steps 
for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The Directors are required to prepare financial statements in accordance with the rules of the London Stock 
Exchange for companies trading securities on the AIM market. In accordance with those rules, the Directors 
have  elected to  prepare the  Group  financial  statements  in  accordance  with International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards (IFRSs), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. The Directors must not approve 
the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and of the profit or loss of the Group for that year. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors 
are required to: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

consistently select and apply appropriate accounting policies; 

present  information,  including  accounting  policies,  in  a  manner  that  provides  relevant,  reliable, 
comparable and understandable information; 

provide additional disclosures when compliance with the specific requirements in IFRSs is insufficient 
to enable users to understand the impact of particular transactions, other events and conditions on the 
entity’s financial position and financial performance; and 

state  that  the  Group  has  complied  with  IFRS,  subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and 
explained in the financial statements. 

The Directors confirm that they have complied with these requirements, and, having a reasonable expectation 
that  the  Group  has  adequate  resources  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the  foreseeable  future  and 
continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements. 

Auditors 
All the current Directors have taken all the steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of 
any  information  needed  by  the  Company’s  auditors  for  the  purposes  of  their  audit  and  to  establish  that  the 
auditors are aware of that information. The Directors are not aware of any relevant audit information of which 
the auditors are unaware. 

BDO  LLP  have  expressed  their  willingness  to  continue  in  office  and  a  resolution  to  re-appoint  them  will  be 
proposed at the annual general meeting. 

By order of the Board 

John Potter 
CEO 
26 March 2020 

____ 
6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 

As Chairman, I am pleased to present the Company’s Governance Statement under the QCA Corporate Governance 
Code (“the QCA Code” or the “Code”). Establishing effective corporate governance structures that evolve with the 
business and protect shareholder value is a key element of my role, together with the Board as a whole. Set out 
below are details of the Company’s governance framework benchmarked against the QCA Code principles. 

The Board of Directors of TomCo monitors the business affairs of the Company and its subsidiaries on behalf of its 
shareholders. The Board currently consists of the Chief Executive Officer and three Non-Executive Directors. None 
of the Non-Executive Directors have previously held an executive position with the Company. The Directors have 
responsibility for the overall corporate governance of the Company and recognise the need for the highest standards 
of behaviour and accountability. The Directors are committed to the principles underlying best practice in corporate 
governance and have adopted the QCA Code.  

This  statement  explains,  at  a  high  level,  how  the  QCA  Code  is  applied  by  the  Company  and  how  its  application 
supports the Company’s medium to long-term success. Further information on the application of the Code can be 
found on the Company’s website at https://tomcoenergy.com/investors/governance/. 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  the  stewardship  of  the  Company  through  consultation  with  the  management  of  the 
Company. Management represents the Executive Director. Any responsibility that is not delegated to management 
or to the committees of the Board remains with the Board, subject to the powers of the shareholder meetings. The 
frequency of Board meetings, as well as the nature of agenda items, varies depending on the state of the Company’s 
affairs and in light of opportunities or risks which the Company faces. Members of the Board are in frequent contact 
with one another and meetings of the Board are held as deemed necessary. 

Statement of compliance with the QCA Code 

Throughout the year ended 30 September 2019, the Company has been in compliance with the provisions set out in 
the QCA Code. 

Statement about applying the principles of the Code 

The Company has applied the principles set out in the Code, by complying with the Code as reported above. Further 
explanations of how the principles have been applied is set out below. 

Principle One – Business Model and Strategy 

TomCo is an unconventional oil exploration and development company focused on using innovative technology to 
unlock hydrocarbon resources, initially in Utah, USA. 

Its objective is to become the leading development company in the use of RF technology in the extraction of oil & 
gas from oil shale and to commercialise its current oil shale assets. 

The Company believes that the RF technology, held through TurboShale in which the Company has an 80% interest, 
will benefit from being economically attractive, carrying significant lower costs than other methods of retorting and 
will be environmentally benign. The Company believes this will prove to be a disruptive technology and one with the 
potential to unlock TomCo’s oil shale assets. Details of key operational and strategic risks that impact the delivery of 
the future strategy are set out in the Directors’ Report together with mitigating actions. 

Post the year end the Company has expanded its strategy to include the potential of oil sands resources and the 
recovery of oil from them. 

Principle Two – Understanding Shareholder Needs and Expectations 

The Board is committed to maintaining good communications and having constructive dialogue with its shareholders.  
Shareholders  and  analysts  have  the  opportunity  to  discuss  issues  and  provide  feedback  at  meetings  with  the 
Company and management. 

All shareholders are encouraged to attend and participate  in  all shareholder meetings called  by the Company, in 
particular its Annual General Meeting (AGM). Investors also have access to current information on the Company and 
the Group through its website, www.tomcoenergy.com. 

____ 
7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement 

Principle Three – Considering wider stakeholder and social responsibilities 

The Board recognises that the long-term success of the Group is reliant upon the efforts of the employees of the 
Group, its partners, consultants, contractors, suppliers, regulators and other stakeholders. The Board have put in 
place a range of processes and systems to ensure that there is close oversight and contact with its key stakeholders. 

The Group is subject to oversight by a number of different U.S. State and other regulatory bodies, who directly or 
indirectly are involved with the permitting and approval process of its Oil & Gas operations in Utah.  Additionally, 
given the nature of the Group’s business, there are other parties who, whilst not having regulatory power, nonetheless 
have interest in seeing that the Group conducts its operations in a safe, environmentally responsible, ethical and 
conscientious manner. 

The Group makes all reasonable efforts, directly or through its advisers, to engage in and maintain active dialogue 
with  each  of  these  governmental  and  non-governmental  bodies,  to  ensure  that  any  issues  faced  by  the  Group, 
including but not limited to regulations or proposed changes to regulations, are well understood and ensuring to the 
fullest extent possible that the Group is in compliance with all appropriate regulation, standards and specific licensing 
obligations, including environmental, social and safety, at all times. 

Principle Four – Risk Management 

In addition to its other roles and responsibilities, the Board is responsible for ensuring that procedures are in place 
and are being implemented effectively to identify, evaluate and manage the significant risks faced by the Group. 

As  a  result  of  the  process  described  above,  a  number  of  risks  have  been  identified.    The  principal  risks  and  the 
manner in which the Company and its Board seek to mitigate these are set out below. The Board reviews the principal 
risks  facing  the  business  as  part  of  its  meetings  through  the  year  and  changes  to  those  risks  as  the  Company 
develops.  Where  risks  change  or  new  risks  are  identified  the  Board  implements  risk  management  strategies  as 
applicable. 

Risk 
Operational risks 

Comment 
See Directors Report. 

Mitigation 
The  Company  is  reducing  its  reliance  on  one  recovery 
method with the development of TurboShale and its RF 
technology.  

The Company has engaged with established contractors 
to carry out the various elements of the project. The Board 
carefully  monitors  performance  and  the  results  of  work 
being carried out on an ongoing basis.  

Risks related to 
Environmental, health 
and safety and other 
regulatory standards 

Liquidity risk 

See Directors Report. 

The Company has employed leading advisors to assist it 
in securing any relevant permits or licences to operate.  

The  Company  maintains  ongoing  oversight  of  health  & 
safety and environmental compliance. 

See Directors’ Report 
including ‘Going Concern 
section. 

The Company maintains a detailed cashflow forecast and 
carefully  monitors  expenditure  and  may  seek  to  raise 
additional funding as referred to in Note 1.1. 

Currency risk 

See Directors Report. 

The  Company  aims  to  manage  currency  exposures  by 
holding  funds  in  the  applicable  currency  to  match 
anticipated expenditure.  

The Board consider that an internal audit function is not necessary or practical due to the size of the Group and the 
close day to day control exercised by the Executive Director. However, the Board will continue to monitor the need 
for an internal audit function. The Executive Director has established appropriate reporting and control mechanisms 
to ensure the effectiveness of the Group’s control systems for the size of the business and its activities. The Board 
obtains  regular  updates  on  risks  from  the  Executive  Director,  which  allows  it  to  monitor  the  effectiveness  of  risk 
____ 
8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement 

management and through its regular engagement and review of reporting on areas such as status of the Company’s 
projects, budgets, results and cash flow  position of  the Company it considers the effectiveness of controls  on  an 
ongoing basis. 

Principle Five – A Well-Functioning Board of Directors 

The Board currently comprises the Chief Executive, John Potter, and three independent Non-Executive Directors, 
Stephen West, Alexander Benger and Malcolm Groat. 

Biographies for each of the current Directors are set out on the Company’s website.  Executive and Non-Executive 
Directors are subject to re-election usually at the Company’s Annual General Meeting, at intervals of no more than 
three years. 

The Board meets on a regular basis, typically at least once a month. 

The  Board  is  responsible  for  formulating,  reviewing  and  approving  the  Group’s  strategy,  budgets  and  corporate 
actions. As such, the Company has established separate Audit and Remuneration Committees. 

The Audit Committee comprises Malcolm Groat (Chairman) and Alexander Benger. The Audit Committee meets at 
least twice a year to consider the integrity of the financial statements of the Company, including its annual and interim 
accounts; the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls and risk management systems; auditor reports; and 
terms of appointment and remuneration for the auditor. 

The  Company’s  Remuneration  Committee  comprises  Alexander  Benger  (Chairman)  and  Malcolm  Groat.  The 
Remuneration Committee meets from time to time, but not less than once a year, to review and determine, amongst 
other matters, the remuneration of Executives on the Board and any share incentive plans of the Company. 

The QCA Code recommends that the Chair must have adequate separation from the day-to-day business to be able 
to make independent decisions. Stephen West is the Company’s Non-Executive Chairman and the Board believes 
that  he  has  adequate  separation  from  the  day-to-day  business  of  the  Company  to  be  able  to  make  independent 
decisions.    As  the  Board  is  comprised  of  only  four  members,  one  of  whom  is  Executive  and  three  of  whom  are 
independent  Non-Executive  Directors,  one  of  whom  is  the  Chairman,  the  Board  does  not  believe  it  is  currently 
necessary to appoint a senior independent director. 

The  Chief  Executive  is  a  full-time  employee  of  the  Company.  Whilst  each  of  the  Non-Executive  Directors  are 
considered to be part time, they are expected to provide as much time to the Company as is required.  

The attendance record of the Directors at Board and committee meetings held during the year ended 30 September 
2019 was as follows: 

Main 
Board 

Audit 
Committee 

Remuneration 
Committee 

Meetings held 
Attendance: 
Andrew Jones 
John Potter  
Alex Benger 
Malcom Groat 
Laurence Read (appointed 1 January 2019; resigned 28 June 2019) 

12 
12 
11 
11 
2 

2 
2 

2 
2 

Principle Six – Appropriate Skills and Experience of the Directors 

The  Company  believes  that  the  current  balance  of  skills  in  the  Board  as  a  whole,  reflects  a  very  broad  range  of 
commercial  and  professional  skills  across  geographies  and  industries  and  each  of  the  Directors  has  previous 
experience in public markets. 

The  Board  believes  that  the  Directors  are  well  suited  to  the  Company’s  fundamental  objective  of  enhancing  and 
preserving long-term shareholder value and ensuring that the Group conducts its business in an ethical and safe 
manner.  The  Board  is  considered  to  be  of  sufficient  number  to  provide  more  than  adequate  experience  and 

____ 
9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement 

perspective to its decision-making process and given the size and nature of the Group, the Board does not consider 
at this time that it is appropriate to increase the size of the Board or amend its composition. 

As the Board is not currently anticipating any change to its size or composition, it has not yet implemented a written 
policy regarding the identification and nomination of female directors. In the event that one of the existing members 
of the Board stands down from their current position, the Company will, at that time, give further consideration to the 
specific  selection  of  a  female  member  of  the  Board  and  the  adoption  of  a  formal  policy  relating  to  the  positive 
appointment of additional female members of the Board for future opportunities. 

The Board is responsible for: (a) ensuring that all new Directors receive a comprehensive orientation, that they fully 
understand the role of the Board and its committees, as well as the contribution individual directors are expected to 
make (including the commitment of time and resources that the Company expects from its directors) and that they 
understand the nature and operation of the Group’s business; and (b) providing continuing education opportunities 
for all directors, so that individuals may maintain or enhance their skills and abilities as directors, as well as to ensure 
that their knowledge and understanding of the Group’s business remains current. 

Given  the  size  of  the  Company  and  the  in-depth  experience  of  its  Directors,  the  Company  has  not  deemed  it 
necessary to develop a formal process of orientation for new Directors but encourages all its Directors to visit the 
Group’s operations to ensure familiarity and proper understanding. 

Skills & Experience of Board Members  

Stephen West (appointed 17 February 2020) 
Stephen  is  a  Chartered  Accountant  Fellow  (CA  ANZ)  and  Chartered  Accountant  (ICAEW)  with  over  26  years  of 
financial and corporate experience gained  in public  practice,  oil and  gas, mining and investment  banking. Before 
joining TomCo, Stephen was instrumental in establishing and growing a number of resource companies in the UK, 
Australia and Norway. Stephen was appointed to the Board in February 2020 and assumed the role of Non-Executive 
Chairman on 16 March 2020. 

John Potter 

Accomplished Chief Executive and project manager with many years’ experience working within the energy sector. 
John brings a wide range of skills, knowledge and industry connections. John’s proficiencies in understanding and 
identifying  best  technologies  in  projects  and  his  proven  abilities  in  developing  relationships  with  stakeholders, 
including  operators,  politicians,  financiers,  technology  providers,  regulators  and  so  on,  are  well  proven  and  have 
brought great value to the companies he has previously worked with. 

Alexander Benger 

Small-cap sector focused Corporate Financier. Initially having focused on Operational Management within financial 
services companies,  Alex  moved  into corporate  finance in  2003 and  has been involved in numerous fundraising, 
stock  market  flotations  and  corporate  actions  for  both  private  and  public  companies.  For  12  years  he  has 
concentrated predominately on London small-cap businesses, including four and a half years working for SME Stock 
Exchanges. 

Malcolm Groat 

Malcolm is a Chartered Accountant and has a wide range of experience in corporate life, with roles as Chairman, 
Non-  Executive  Director,  Chair  of  Audit,  CEO,  COO  and  CFO  for  a  number  of  companies.  He  is  an  adviser  on 
compliance and governance, strategy and operational improvement, and managing the risks of rapid change. 

Andrew Jones (resigned 16 March 2020) 

Andrew  has  over  13  years’  experience  in  capital  markets  and  corporate  finance.  He  is  a  member  of  the  UK’s 
Chartered Institute of Securities and Investment (CISI). Before joining TomCo, Andrew was instrumental in growing 
a number of companies in a variety of sectors including technology, media and energy.  

Principle Seven – Evaluation of Board Performance 

The Board has determined that it shall be responsible for assessing the effectiveness and contributions of the Board 
as a whole, its committees (which currently comprise the Audit Committee and the Remuneration Committee). The 
small  size  of  the  Board  allows  for  open  discussion.  The  Chairman  has  regular  dialogue  with  the  Chief  Executive 
whereby the Board’s role and effectiveness can be considered. 

____ 
10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement 

No  formal  assessments  have  been  prepared  in  the  year.    However,  the  Board  assesses  its  effectiveness  on  an 
ongoing  basis.  The  Board  will  keep  this  matter  under  review  and  especially  if  either  the  size  of  the  Board  or  the 
number of committees increases, which in turn may require a more formalised assessment and evaluation process 
to be established to ensure continued effectiveness. 

Principle Eight – Corporate Culture 

The Board recognises that their decisions regarding strategy and risk will impact the corporate culture of the Group 
as a whole and that this will impact the performance of the Group.  The Board is very aware that the tone and culture 
set by the Board will greatly impact all aspects of the Group as a whole.  The corporate governance arrangements 
that the Board has adopted are designed to ensure that the Group delivers long-term value to its shareholders and 
that shareholders have the opportunity to express their views and expectations for the Company in a manner that 
encourages open dialogue with the Board. 

A large part of the Group’s activities is centred upon what needs to be an open and respectful dialogue with partners, 
suppliers, consultants and other stakeholders.  Therefore, the importance of sound ethical values and behaviour is 
crucial to the ability of the Group to successfully achieve its corporate objectives. 

The  Directors  consider  that  at  present  the  Group  has  an  open  culture  facilitating  comprehensive  dialogue  and 
feedback and enabling positive and constructive challenge. 

Principle Nine – Maintenance of Governance Structures and Processes 

Ultimate  authority  for  all  aspects  of  the  Group’s  activities  rests  with  the  Board,  with  the  responsibilities  of  the 
Executive Director arising as a consequence of delegation by the Board. 

The Board has adopted appropriate delegations of authority which set out matters which are reserved to the Board.  
The Chairman is responsible for the effectiveness of the Board and compliance with the Code, while management 
of  the  Group’s  business  and  primary  contact  with  shareholders  has  been  delegated  by  the  Board  to  the  Chief 
Executive Officer. 

Non-Executive Directors 

The Board evaluates its performance and composition on a regular basis and will make adjustments as and when 
indicated.    When  assessing  the  independence  of  each  Non-Executive  Director,  length  of  service  is  one  of  the 
considerations.  The Board will, when assessing new appointments in the future, consider the need to balance the 
experience  and  knowledge  that  each  independent  director  has  of  the  Group  and  its  operations,  with  the  need  to 
ensure that independent directors can also bring new perspectives to the business. 

In accordance with the Isle of Man Companies Act 2006, the Board complies with: a duty to act within their powers; 
a  duty  to  promote  the  success  of  the  Company;  a  duty  to  exercise  independent  judgement;  a  duty  to  exercise 
reasonable care, skill and diligence; a duty to avoid conflicts of interest; a duty not to accept benefits from third parties 
and a duty to declare any interest in a proposed transaction or arrangement. 

Principle Ten – Shareholder Communication 

The Board is accountable to the Company’s shareholders and as such it is important for the Board to appreciate the 
aspirations of the shareholders and equally that the shareholders understand how the actions of the Board and short-
term financial performance relate to the achievement of the Group’s longer-term goals. 

The Board reports to the shareholders on its stewardship of the Group through the publication of interim and final 
financial  results.  The  Company  announces  significant  developments  which  are  disseminated  via  various  outlets 
including, before anywhere else, RNS. In addition, the Company maintains a website (www.tomcoenergy.com) on 
which RNS announcements, press releases, corporate presentations and the Report and Financial Statements are 
available to view. 

Enquiries from individual shareholders on matters relating to the business of the Group are welcomed.  Shareholders 
and other  interested  parties can subscribe to receive notification of news updates and  other  documents from the 
Company via email. 

____ 
11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement 

The Annual General Meeting, and other meetings of shareholders that may be called by the Company from time to 
time, provide an opportunity for communication with all shareholders and the Board encourages the shareholders to 
attend and welcomes their participation.  The Board is committed to maintaining good communication and having 
constructive  dialogue  with  its  shareholders.    The  Company  has  close  ongoing  relationships  with  its  private 
shareholders. 

Stephen West 
Non-Executive Chairman 
26 March 2020 

____ 
12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 

Overview 

The Committee met twice during the year. The external auditor also attended the meetings at the invitation of the 
Committee Chairman. 

Malcolm Groat was appointed chairman of the Committee by the Board, with the other Committee member being 
Alex Benger. 

Financial Reporting 

The Committee monitored the integrity of the interim and annual financial statements and reviewed the significant 
financial  reporting  issues  and  accounting  policies  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  reports.  The  external  auditor 
attended  the  Committee  meetings  as  part  of  the  full  year  and  interim  accounts  approval  process.  The  process 
included the consideration of reports from the external auditor identifying the primary areas of accounting judgements 
and key audit risks identified as being significant to the 2019 accounts.  

Audit Committee Effectiveness 

The Board considers the effectiveness of the Committee on a regular basis but not as formal process.  

External Audit 

The Committee is responsible for managing the relationship with the Company’s external auditor, BDO LLP.  

The  objectivity  and  independence  of  the  external  auditors  is  safeguarded  by  reviewing  the  auditors’  formal 
declarations,  monitoring  relationships  between  key  audit  staff  and  the  Group  and  reviewing  the  non-audit  fees 
payable to the auditor. Non-audit services are not performed by the auditor. During the year, audit fees were paid to 
BDO LLP of £31,000 (2018: £31,000).  

Internal Audit 

The Committee considered the requirement for an internal audit function. The Committee considered the size of the 
Group, its current activities and the close involvement of senior management. Following the Committee’s review, it 
did not deem it necessary to operate an internal audit function during the year. 

Malcolm Groat 
Chairman, Audit Committee 
26 March 2020 

____ 
13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

This report is on the activities of the remuneration committee for the ended 30 September 2019.  

The  Remuneration  Committee  comprises  Alexander  Benger  (Chairman)  and  Malcolm  Groat.  The  Remuneration 
Committee meets from time to time, but not less than once a year, to review and determine, amongst other matters, 
the remuneration of Executives on the Board and any share incentive plans of the Company. 

The Group has no employees other than the Directors, whose  emoluments comprise fees paid for services. The 
amounts for their services are detailed below: 

A Jones (resigned 16 March 2020) 
J Potter  
A Benger  
M Groat  
L Read (appointed 1 January 2019; 
resigned 28 June 2019) 

Salaries 
2019 
£’000 

Salaries 
2018 
£’000 

98 
74 
18 
18 
12 

73 
38 
16 
16 
- 

As detailed in Note 18, the Company has in place a share option scheme for its Directors.  

The Committee met twice during the year.  

Alex Benger 
Chairman, Remuneration Committee 
26 March 2020 

____ 
14 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of TomCo 
Energy plc 

Independent auditor’s report to the members of TomCo Energy plc 

Opinion 

We have audited the financial statements of TomCo Energy plc (the ‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries (the 
‘Group’)  for  the  year  ended  30  September  2019  which  comprise  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive 
income, the consolidated statement of financial position, the consolidated statement of changes in equity and the 
consolidated statements of cash flows and notes to the financial statements including a summary of significant 
accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the financial 
statements  is  applicable  law  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the 
International Accounting Standards Board. 

In our opinion the financial statements: 

• 

• 

give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 30 September 2019 and of its loss for the 
year then ended; and 

have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the International Accounting Standards 
Board. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable 
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit 
of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Group and the Parent Company in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, 
including  the  FRC’s  Ethical  Standard  as  applied  to  listed  entities,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Material uncertainty in relation to going concern 

We draw attention to the disclosures made in Note 1.1 to the financial statements concerning the Group’s ability 
to continue as a going concern. The Group’s cash flow forecasts indicate that the group will need further funding 
in order to meet its liabilities as they fall due until March 2021 and to continue as a going concern. In addition to 
this, the Group have noted further uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic which could impact the ability 
the  raise  further  funds  and  cause  delays  to  the  project.  These  conditions  indicate  the  existence  of  a  material 
uncertainty which may cast significant doubt about the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion 
is not modified in respect of this matter. 

We identified going concern as a key audit matter based on our assessment of the significance of the risk and 
the effect on our audit strategy.  

Our audit procedures in response to this key audit matter included the following:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

We  reviewed  the  latest  cash  flow  forecasts  for  the  Group,  which  covered  15  months  from  the  date  of 
approval of these financial statements.  Our work included assessment of the cash outflows against historical 
data and publicly stated plans for further development of the exploration assets. 

We verified receipt of the proceeds of equity placing post the year end as supporting evidence.  

We discussed with the Directors how they intend to raise the funds necessary for the Group to continue as 
a going concern in the required timeframe and considered their judgment in light of the Group’s previous 
successful fundraisings and strategic financing.  

In  respect  of  the  COVID-19,  we  have  reviewed  management’s  assessment  of  the  likely  impact  of  the 
pandemic on the cash flows, as well as the ability of the Group to raise further finance.  

____ 
15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

We  reviewed  the  disclosures  in  Note  1.1  to  the  financial  statements  against  the  requirements  of  the 
accounting  standards  to  check  that  the  disclosures  accurately  reflect  the  going  concern  position  of  the 
Group. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit 
of  the  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the 
overall audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. 
These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming 
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. In addition to the going concern, 
key  audit  matter  described  in  the  Material  uncertainty  related  to  going  concern  section  above,  the  following 
matter was identified: 

Key Audit Matter 

Carrying value of intangible assets:  

How we 
addressed the 
Key Audit Matter 
in the Audit  

As  detailed  in  Note  8  to  the  financial  statements,  the  Group  holds  significant  intangible 
assets, primarily the exploration and development licence costs, which the Directors are 
required to assess for indicators of impairment at each reporting date. There are a large 
number  of  estimates  and  judgments  used  by  management  in  assessing  these  assets  for 
impairment under the accounting standards. These are set out in Note 1.9 to the financial 
statements, and the subjectivity of these estimates along with the material carrying value 
of the assets make this a key area of focus for our audit.    

We  have  assessed  management’s  impairment  review  and  our  procedures  included  the 
following:  

•  We reviewed the licence documentation to check that the licences remain valid and 

to confirm the expiry and licence obligations. 

•  We  noted  that  the  competent  persons  report  on  reserves  and  resources  does  not 

suggest there are any indicators of impairment for the project.  

•  We  performed  procedures  to  assess  the  independence  and  competence  of  the 

competent person as management’s expert.  

•  We  made  specific  enquires  of  management  and  reviewed  market  announcements, 
budgets and plans which demonstrated that the Group plans to invest in its TurboShale 
RF technologies and subsequently develop the Holliday A Block subject to sufficient 
funding being available.  

We also evaluated the adequacy of the disclosures provided within the financial statements 
in  relation  to  the  impairment  assessment  against  the  requirements  of  the  accounting 
standards.  

Key observations  

We found management’s conclusion that no impairment was required to be acceptable 
and the disclosures included in the financial statements to be appropriate. 

Our application of materiality 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of 
misstatements. We consider materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could 
influence  the  economic  decisions  of  reasonable  users  that  are  taken  on  the  basis  of  the  financial  statements. 
Importantly, misstatements below these levels will not necessarily be evaluated as immaterial, as we also take 
account of the nature of identified misstatements, and the particular circumstances of their occurrence, when 
evaluating their effect on the financial statements as a whole.  

Group materiality was set at £150,000 (2018: £135,000) being 1.5% of total assets. We considered total assets to 
be the most significant determinant of the Group’s financial performance by users of the financial statements.  

____ 
16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance  materiality  is  the  application  of  materiality  at  the  individual  account  or  balance  level  set  at  an 
amount to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that the aggregate of uncorrected and undetected 
misstatements exceeds materiality for the financial statements as a whole. Performance materiality was set at 
£112,500  (2018:  £100,000),  which  represents  75%  of  the  above  materiality  level.  The  level  of  performance 
materiality  was  set  after  considering  a  number  of  factors,  including  the  expected  value  of  known  and  likely 
misstatements and management’s attitude towards proposed adjustments. 

Component materiality ranged from £75,000 to £130,000 (2018: £75,000 to £120,000). 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them individual audit differences identified during 
the  course  of  our  audit  in  excess  of  £3,000  (2018:  £2,700).  We  also  agreed  to  report  differences  below  this 
threshold which warranted reporting on qualitative grounds.  

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including Group-
wide controls, and assessing the risks of material misstatement at the Group level. We also addressed the risk of 
management override of internal controls, including assessing whether there was evidence of bias by the Directors 
that may have represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud. Our Group audit focused on the Group’s 
principle  operating  locations,  being  the  United  Kingdom  and  USA.  The  Group  is  comprised  of  two  significant 
components, TomCo Energy plc and TurboShale Inc.  

The Group audit team carried out a full scope audit on both of the significant components and performed all the 
work  necessary  to  issue  the  Group  audit  opinion  including  undertaking  all  of  the  audit  work  on  the  key  audit 
matters and other risk areas.  

Other information 

The Directors are responsible for the other information and financial statements. The other information comprises 
the information included in the annual report and financial statements, other than the financial statements and 
our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, 
except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, 
in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our 
knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material 
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material 
misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the 
work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are 
required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement, within the Directors’ report, the Directors 
are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and 
fair  view,  and  for  such  internal  control  as  the  directors  determine  is  necessary  to  enable  the  preparation  of 
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Parent Company’s ability to 
continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going  concern  and  using  the  going 
concern  basis  of  accounting  unless  the  Directors  either  intend  to  liquidate  the  Parent  Company  or  to  cease 
operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud  or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion.  Reasonable  assurance  is  a  high  level  of  assurance  but  is  not  a  guarantee  that  an  audit  conducted  in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 

____ 
17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they 
could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial 
statements. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial 
Reporting  Council’s  website  at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This  description  forms  part  of  our 
auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with our engagement letter 
dated  29  January  2020.  Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the  Parent  Company’s 
Members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the 
fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume  responsibility  to  anyone  other  than  the  Parent 
Company and the Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions 
we have formed. 

BDO LLP 
Chartered Accountants  
London, UK 

26 March 2020 

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales (with registered number OC305127). 

____ 
18 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

Note 

£’000 

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross loss 

Administrative expenses 

Operating loss 

Finance costs 

Loss on ordinary activities before taxation 

Taxation 

Loss for the year attributable to: 

Equity shareholders of the parent 

2 

2 

2 

4 

3 

5 

Non-controlling interests 

1.19 

Items that may be reclassified 
subsequently to profit or loss 

Exchange differences on translation of 
foreign operations 

Items that will not be reclassified 
subsequently to profit or loss 

Fair value gain on non-derivative equity 
investment  

10 

Other comprehensive income for the year 
attributable to: 

Equity shareholders of the parent 

Non-controlling interests 

1.19 

Other comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive loss attributable to: 

Equity shareholders of the parent 

Non-controlling interests 

1.19 

2019 

£’000 

- 

- 

- 

(778) 

(778) 

(4) 

(782) 

- 

(782) 

£’000 

2018 

£’000 

- 

- 

- 

(857) 

(857) 

(12) 

(869) 

- 

(869) 

(749) 

(33) 

(770) 

(99) 

(782) 

(869) 

408 

2 

227 

102 

333 

(4) 

410 

329 

(437) 

(103) 

2019 

Pence 

(540) 

2018 

Pence 

per share 

per share 

417 

(7) 

(332) 

(40) 

Total comprehensive loss 

(372) 

Loss per share attributable to the equity 
shareholders of the parent 

Basic & diluted loss per share  

7 

(0.73) 

(1.84) 

The Notes on pages 23 to 37 form part of these financial statements. 

____ 
19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
as at 30 September 2019 

Assets 

Non-current assets 

Intangible assets 

Property, plant and equipment 

Other receivables 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 

Investment in unquoted equity securities 

Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

Liabilities 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 

Net current assets/(liabilities) 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

Total net assets 

Shareholders’ equity 
Share capital 
Share premium 

Warrant reserve 

Translation reserve 

Retained deficit 

Equity attributable to owners of the parent 

Non-controlling interests 

Total equity 

Note 

8 

9 

11 

11 

10 

12 

13 

15 

16 

17 

1.19 

Group 

2019 

£’000 

9,222 

431 

27 

9,680 

97 

- 

639 

736 

10,416 

(615) 

(615) 

121 

(615) 

9,801 

- 

28,247 

65 

638 

(19,012) 

9,938 

(137) 

9,801 

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 26 March 2020. 

The Notes on pages 23 to 37 form part of these financial statements. 

John Potter 
Director 

Malcolm Groat 
Director 

Group 

2018 

£’000 

8,075 

313 

23 

8,411 

47 

102 

262 

411 

8,822 

(504) 

(504) 

(93) 

(504) 

8,318 

- 

26,542 

43 

223 

(18,393) 

8,415 

(97) 

8,318 

____ 
20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

Group 

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent 

Note 

Share capital  Share premium 

Balance at 1 October 2017 

Loss for the year 

Comprehensive income for the year 

Total comprehensive loss for the 
year 
Issue of shares (net of costs) 

Change in non-controlling interest 

Expiry of warrants 

Share-based payment charge 

At 30 September 2018 
Loss for the year 

Comprehensive income for the year 

Total comprehensive loss for the 
year 

Issue of shares (net of costs) 

Exercise of warrants 

Share-based payment charge 

At 30 September 2019 

15, 16 
1.19 

17 
18 

15, 16 
17 
18 

£’000 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

£’000 

25,354 
- 
- 

- 

1,188 
- 

- 
- 

26,542 
- 
- 

- 

1,638 
67 
- 

28,247 

Warrant 
reserve 

£’000 

Translation 
reserve 

£’000 

57 
- 
- 
- 

- 
1 

(15) 
- 

43 
- 
- 

- 

59 

(37) 

- 

65 

- 
- 
223 

223 

- 
- 
- 
- 
223 
- 
415 

415 

- 
- 
- 
638 

Retained Deficit 

£’000 

(17,748) 
(770) 
110 

(660) 

- 

(37) 

15 
37 

(18,393) 
(749) 
2 

(747) 

- 

35 

93 

(19,012) 

Total 

£’000 

7,663 
(770) 
333 

(437) 

1,188 
(36) 

- 
37 

8,415 
(749) 
417 

(332) 

1,697 
65 
93 

9,938 

  Non-controlling        

interest 

£’000 

(31) 
(99) 
(4) 

(103) 

- 
37 

- 
- 

(97) 
(33) 
(7) 

(40) 

- 
- 
- 

(137) 

The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within owners' equity: 
Descriptions and purpose 
Reserve 
Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value, together with transfers to share premium upon redenomination of the shares to nil par value. 
Share capital 

Share premium 

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value, together with transfers from share capital upon redenomination of the shares to nil 
par value. 

Warrant reserve 

Amounts credited to equity in respect of warrants to acquire ordinary shares in the Group. 

Translation reserve                 Gains and losses on the translation of foreign operations. 

Retained deficit 

Cumulative net gains and losses recognised in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income less transfers to retained deficit on expiry. 

Non-controlling interest 

Non-controlling interest share of losses of TurboShale Inc., together with adjustments associated with the initial recognition of, and changes in, the 
non-controlling interest. Refer Note 1.19. 

The Notes on pages 23 to 37 form part of these financial statements. 

Total       

Equity 

£’000 

7,632 
(869) 
329 

(540) 

1,188 
1 

- 
37 

8,318 
(782) 
410 

(372) 

1,697 
65 
93 

9,801 

____ 
21 

 
 
 
 
 
             
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Loss after tax 

Adjustments for: 

Finance costs 

Amortisation 

Share based payment charge 

Costs settled by the issue of shares 

Increase in trade and other receivables 

Increase in trade and other payables 

Cash used in operations 

Interest paid 

Net cash outflow from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Investment in intangibles 

Sale of investments 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Issue of shares  

Costs of share issue 

(Repayment)/receipt of loan finance 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of financial year 

Foreign currency translation differences 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of financial year 

The Notes on pages 23 to 37 form part of these financial statements. 

Note 

2 

3 

8 

9 

15, 16 

Group 

2019 

£’000 

(782) 

4 

6 

93 

5 

(55) 

232 

(497) 

(4) 

(501) 

(642) 

104 

(95) 

(633) 

1,767 

(109) 

(150) 

1,508 

374 

262 

3 

639 

Group 

2018 

£’000 

(869) 

12 

6 

37 

- 

(48) 

71 

(791) 

(12) 

(803) 

(204) 

- 

(303) 

(507) 

1,250 

 (62) 

250 

1,438 

128 

128 

6 

262 

____ 
22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

1.  Accounting policies 

The  principal accounting  policies  adopted in the  preparation  of these financial statements  are set  out  below.  These 
policies have been consistently applied to all years presented, unless otherwise stated. 

1.1  Basis of preparation and going concern 

The Group’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards 
(“IFRS”)  as  issued  by  the  International  Accounting  Standards  Board  and  International  Financial  Reporting 
Interpretations  Committee  (“IFRIC”)  interpretations  and  with  those  parts  of  the  Isle  of  Man  Companies  Act  2006 
applicable to companies reporting  under IFRS.  The financial statements have  been  prepared under the  historic  cost 
convention. 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRS  requires  the  use  of  estimates  and  assumptions.  
Although these estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of the amount, event or actions, actual results 
ultimately may differ from those estimates.  Details of the Group’s significant accounting judgments are set out in these 
financial statements and include: 

Judgements 

- 

Impairment indicator assessment on intangible assets 

In determining whether indicators of impairment on intangible assets existed judgment was required. The directors 
have considered the remaining licence term and standing, future plans for exploration, the measured resources within 
the  mineral  leases  owned  by  the  Company;  and  the  likelihood  of  commercially  viable  extraction  technology  being 
developed and sufficient funding being available to the Company to develop and exploit such technology. The Board 
concluded that no impairment indicator existed at 30 September 2019. Refer to Note 8. 

Estimates 

-  Share based payments 

Estimates were required in determining the fair value of share options granted in the year including future share price 
volatility and the instrument life.  Refer to Note 18. 

The Group has consistently applied all applicable accounting standards. 

Going concern 

Since the end of the financial year, the Company raised a further £925,000 gross of expenses though the placing of, in 
aggregate,  142,307,692  ordinary  shares.  As  a  result,  as  at  26  March  2020,  the  Group  had  cash  of  approximately 
£745,000. 

The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the next 15 months from the date of signing of these financial 
statements.  Under  the  forecasts,  the  Group  plans  to  engage  Valkor  to  evaluate  the  commercial  viability  of  a 
commercial scale plant based on the Petroteq oil recovery system. The forecasts indicate the Group has sufficient 
funds to complete the engagement and has sufficient funds to meet its liabilities as they fall due until March 2021. 
Further funding will be required if the Directors decide to explore the opportunity to develop a commercial scale 
oil sands plant or to further advance the RF technology and to ensure the Company can continue to meet its 
liabilities and commitments through to March 2021.  

The Director’s note that COVID-19 has had a significant negative impact on the global economy and oil prices 
have fallen significantly, which may mean it is harder to secure additional funding than it has historically been. 
Notwithstanding this, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that they can secure additional funding, based 
on recent fundraisings, which would provide sufficient funds to meet operating expenditure beyond March 2021 
or in the event that the Company sought further funds to explore the opportunity to develop a commercial scale 
oil sands plant or to further advance the RF technology. However, these conditions are necessarily considered 
to represent  a material  uncertainty which may cast significant  doubt over  the Group’s  ability to continue as a 
going  concern.  Whilst  acknowledging  this  material  uncertainty,  the  Directors  remain  confident  of  raising  any 
additional funds required and therefore the Directors consider it appropriate to prepare the financial statements 
on a going concern basis.  The financial statements do not include the adjustments that would result if the Group 
was unable to continue as a going concern. 

1.2  Future changes in accounting standards 

The  IFRS  financial  information  has  been  drawn  up  on  the  basis  of  accounting  standards,  interpretations  and 
____ 
23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

amendments effective at the beginning of the accounting period. 

IFRS 15 “Revenue from contracts with customers” was effective for the first time in the year ended 30 September 2019. 
The group currently has no external revenues and therefore this standard currently has no impact on the Group. 

IFRS 9 “Financial instruments” was also effective for the first time in the year ended 30 September 2019. In applying 
IFRS 9 for the first time, the directors have classified the group’s equity investment in Red Leaf, which was not held for 
trading, as held at fair value through other comprehensive income. The investment was sold during the year. 

Prior  periods’  results  have  not  been  restated  for  the  implementation  of  IFRS  9.  Disclosures  concerning  the 
implementation of IFRS 9 are given in note 19. 

The  International  Accounting  Standards  Board  (IASB)  has  issued  the  following  new  and  revised  standards, 
amendments and interpretations to existing standards that are not effective for the financial year ended 30 September 
2019  and  have  not  been  adopted  early,  which,  when  effective,  might  have  an  impact  upon  the  group’s  financial 
statements. 

• 

• 

IFRS 16 

IFRIC 23 

Leases 

Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments 

Effective date (periods 
beginning on or after) 

1 Jan 2019 

1 Jan 2019 

IFRS 16 introduces a single lease accounting model.  This standard requires lessees to account for all leases under a 
single  on-  balance  sheet  model.  Under  the  new  standard,  a  lessee  is  required  to  recognise  all  lease  assets  and 
liabilities on the balance sheet; recognise amortisation of leased assets and interest on lease liabilities over the lease 
term; and separately present the principal amount of cash paid and interest in the cash flow statement.  Management 
is currently reviewing the impact of the standard but do not anticipate it having a material effect given the very   limited 
exposure of the group to leases within the scope of IFRS16. Leases to explore for or use minerals, oil and gas are 
outside the scope of IFRS 16. 

The Group is currently assessing the impact of these standards. 

1.3  Basis of consolidation 

The  Group  accounts  consolidate  the  accounts  of  the  parent  company,  TomCo  Energy  plc,  and  all  its  subsidiary 
undertakings  drawn  up  to  30  September  2019.    All  intra-group  transactions,  balances,  income  and  expenses  are 
eliminated on consolidation. 

The  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  is  accounted  for  on  the  purchase  basis.    A  subsidiary  is  consolidated  where  the 
Company has the control over an investee.  The Group controls an investee if all three of the following elements are 
present: power over the investee, exposure to variable returns from the investee, and the ability of the investor to use 
its power to affect those variable returns.  Control is reassessed whenever facts and circumstances indicate that there 
may be a change in any of these elements of control.  On acquisition all the subsidiary’s assets and liabilities which 
existed  at  the  date  of  acquisition  are  recorded  at  their  fair  values  reflecting  their  condition  at  the  time.    If,  after  re-
assessment,  the  Group’s  interest  in  the  net  fair  value  of  the  identifiable  assets  liabilities  and  contingent  liabilities 
exceeds the cost of the business combination, the excess is recognised immediately in the statement of comprehensive 
income. 

1.4  Segmental reporting 

Operating  segments  are  reported  in  a  manner  consistent  with  the  internal  reporting  provided  to  the  chief  operating 
decision-maker.  The chief operating decision maker has been identified as the Board of Directors. 

Based on an analysis of risks and returns, the Directors consider that the Group has two principal business segments 
based  on  geographical  location.   The  loss  before  taxation  arises  principally  within  the  UK  and  US.    Net  assets  are 
principally in the UK and the US. 

1.5  Revenue 

Revenue represents the Group’s share of sales of oil during the year, excluding sales tax and royalties. Income arises 
from the US and is recognised when the oil is delivered to the customer.  No revenue has arisen in the current or prior 
year. 

____ 
24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

1.6  Finance income 

Finance income is accounted for on an effective interest basis. 

1.7  Property, plant and equipment 

Property, plant and equipment employed in exploration and evaluation activities are carried at cost. No depreciation has 
been  provided  on  these  assets  as  they  had  not  been  brought  into  use  by  the  end  of  the  financial  year. Subsequent 
depreciation will be capitalised to exploration and development costs. 

1.8 

Intangible assets 

Exploration and development licences 
The Group applies the full cost method of accounting for oil and gas operations.  For evaluation properties, all mineral 
leases,  permits,  acquisition  costs,  geological  and  geophysical  costs  and  other  direct  costs  of  exploration  appraisal, 
renewals  and development  are capitalised  as intangible  fixed  assets in  appropriate cost  pools,  with the  exception of 
tangible assets, which are classed as property, plant and equipment.  Costs relating to unevaluated properties are held 
outside the relevant cost pool, and are not amortised until such time as the related property has been fully appraised.  
When a cost pool reaches an evaluated and bankable feasibility stage, the assets are transferred from intangible to oil 
properties within property, plant and equipment. 

Technology licences 
Amortisation is not charged on technology licences associated with oil and gas assets until they are available for use. 

Patents and patent applications 
Patents and patent applications acquired in consideration for combination of cash and the issue of shares in subsidiary 
undertakings are recognised at fair value, and amortised over their expected useful lives, which is 12 years being the 
patent term. 

1.9 

Impairment 

Exploration and development licences 
Exploration  and  development  assets  are  assessed  for  impairment  when  facts  and  circumstances  suggest  that  the 
carrying  amount  may  exceed  the  recoverable  amount.    In  accordance  with  IFRS  6  the  Group  firstly  considers  the 
following facts and circumstances in their assessment of whether the Group’s exploration and evaluation assets may 
be impaired, whether: 

 

 

 

 

the  period  for  which the Group has the right to explore in a specific area has expired during the period or will 
expire in the near future, and is not expected to be renewed; 

substantive expenditure on further exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources in a specific area is neither 
budgeted nor planned; 

exploration for and evaluation of hydrocarbons in a specific area have not led to the discovery of commercially 
viable quantities of hydrocarbons and the Group has decided to discontinue such activities in the specific area; 
and 

sufficient data exists to indicate that although a development in a specific area is likely to proceed, the carrying 
amount of the exploration and evaluation assets is unlikely to be recovered in full from successful development 
or by sale. 

If any such facts or circumstances are noted, the Group perform an impairment test in accordance with the provisions 
of IAS 36.  The aggregate carrying value is compared against the expected recoverable amount of the cash generating 
unit, which is generally the field, except that a number of field interests may be grouped as a single cash generating 
unit where the cash flows are interdependent.  The recoverable amount is the higher of value in use and the fair value 
less costs to sell. 

Any impairment loss would be recognised in the income statement and separately disclosed. 

Technology licence 
The  carrying  amount  of  the  Group’s  other  intangible  asset,  its  patents  and  technology  licence,  is  reviewed  at  each 
reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any  indication  of  impairment.    If  such  indication  exists,  the  asset’s 
recoverable amount is estimated.  An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds 
its recoverable amount.  Impairment losses are recognised in the income statement. 

1.10  Taxation 

Taxation expense represents the sum of current tax and deferred tax. 

____ 
25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

Current tax is based on taxable profits for the financial period using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively 
enacted  by  the  reporting  date.    Taxable  profit  differs  from  net  profit  as  reported  in  the  statement  of  comprehensive 
income  because it excludes  items  of income  or expenses that  are taxable  or deductible in  other years  and it further 
excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. 

Deferred tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of 
assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  for  financial  reporting  purposes.    If  deferred  tax  arises  from  initial 
recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction 
affects neither accounting nor taxable profit nor loss, it is not accounted for.  Deferred tax is determined using tax rates 
that  have  been  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  at  the  reporting  date  and  are  expected  to  apply  when  the  related 
deferred income tax asset is realised, or the deferred tax liability is settled. 

Deferred tax  assets  are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against 
which the temporary differences can be utilised. 

Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries, except where the timing of the 
reversals of the temporary differences is controlled by the Group and it is probable that the temporary differences will 
not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Deferred tax is charged or credited in the statement of comprehensive income, except when it relates to items charged 
or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. 

1.11  Foreign currencies 

The accounts have been prepared in pounds sterling being the presentational currency of the Group.  The functional 
currency of the holding company is also pounds sterling. The functional currency of the US subsidiaries is US dollars.  
Assets  and  liabilities  held  in  the  Group  or  overseas  subsidiaries  in  currencies  other  than  the  functional  currency  are 
translated into the functional currency at the rate of exchange ruling at the reporting date. 

Transactions entered into by Group entities in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity are recorded 
at the rates ruling when the transactions occur.  Exchange differences arising from the settlement of monetary items 
are included in the statement of comprehensive income for that period. 

The assets and liabilities of subsidiaries with functional currencies other than sterling are translated at balance sheet 
date  rates  of exchange.  Income  and  expense items  are translated  at the  average rates  of  exchange for the period.  
Exchange differences arising are recognised in other comprehensive income (attributed to the parent equity holder and 
non-controlling interests as appropriate). 

1.12  Operating leases 

Rentals payable under operating leases, net of lease incentives, are charged to the statement of comprehensive income 
on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease. 

1.13  Non-derivative equity instruments 

The Group classifies its non-derivative equity instruments as at fair value through other comprehensive income. Gains 
or losses on disposals of these items are recognised in other comprehensive income. 

1.14  Debt instruments at amortised cost 

These  assets  are  non-derivative  financial  assets  which  are  held  in  a  business  model  whose  objective  is  to  collect 
contractual cashflows and whose contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments 
of principal and interest on the principal outstanding.  They arise principally through types of contractual monetary asset 
such  as receivables.  They  are initially recognised  at fair value  plus transaction  costs that are  directly  attributable to 
their acquisition or issue and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less 
provision for impairment.  Impairment provisions are recognised based on expected credit losses over the asset’s life.   

The Group’s assets held at amortised cost comprise trade and other receivables and cash and cash equivalents in the 
consolidated statement of financial position. 

1.15  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at the bank and other short-term liquid investments with 
original maturities of three months or less. 

____ 
26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

1.16  Trade payables 

Trade payables are recognised at amortised cost. All of the trade payables are non-interest bearing. 

1.17  Share capital 

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Shares issued in the period are recognised at the fair value of the consideration 
received.  

1.18  Warrants 

Warrants issued as part of financing transactions in which the holder receives a fixed number of shares on exercise of 
the warrant are fair valued at the date of grant and recorded within the warrant reserve.  Fair value is measured by the 
use of the Black Scholes model. 

On expiry or exercise, the fair value of warrants is credited to reserves as a change in equity. 

1.19  Non-controlling interests 

Non-controlling interests in  subsidiaries  are identified  separately from the  Group’s equity therein.  Those interests  of 
non-controlling shareholders that are present ownership interests entitling their holders to a proportionate share of net 
assets upon liquidation may initially be measured at fair value or at the non-controlling interests’ proportionate share of 
the  fair  value  of  the  acquiree’s  identifiable  net  assets.    The  choice  of  measurement  is  made  on  an  acquisition-by-
acquisition  basis.  Other  non-controlling  interests  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value.  Subsequent  to  acquisition,  the 
carrying amount of non-controlling interests is the amount of those interests at initial recognition plus the non-controlling 
interests’ share of subsequent changes in equity.  Total comprehensive income is attributed to non-controlling interests 
even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance. 

Changes  in  the  Group’s  interests  in  subsidiaries  that  do  not  result  in  a  loss  of  control  are  accounted  for  as  equity 
transactions.  The carrying amount of the Group’s interests and the non-controlling interests are adjusted to reflect the 
changes in their relative interests in the subsidiaries.  Any difference between the amount by which the non-controlling 
interests  are  adjusted  and  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  paid  or  received  is  recognised  directly  in  equity  and 
attributed to the owners of the Group. 

Details  concerning  non-wholly  owned  subsidiaries  of  the  Group  that  have  material  non-controlling  interests  are  as 
follows: 

Name of subsidiary 

Proportion of 
ownership interests 
and voting rights 
held by non-
controlling interests 
2018 
2019 
% 
% 

Total 
comprehensive loss 
allocated to non-
controlling interest 
2018 
2019 
£’000 
£’000 

Change in non-
controlling interest 
2018 
2019 
£’000 
£’000 

Accumulated non-
controlling interest 
2018 
£’000 

2019 
£’000 

TurboShale Inc. 

20 

20 

(40) 

(103) 

- 

37 

(137) 

(97) 

During the year ended 30 September 2018, certain shares in TurboShale Inc issued to non-controlling interests were 
cancelled, resulting in an increase in the Company’s effective interest from 66.7% to 80%. Given the net deficit of the 
subsidiary this resulted in a reduced share of the Group’s losses attributable to the non-controlling interest in accordance 
with the Group’s accounting policy. The effects of the change in the non-controlling interest are recognised in reserves. 
Included in total comprehensive loss is £nil (2018: £99,000) of losses with the remainder reflecting other comprehensive 
expense. 

1.20  Share-based payments 

Equity-settled share-based payments to directors are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant 
date. Details regarding the determination of the fair value of equity-settled share-based transactions is set out in Note 
18. 

The fair value determined at the grant date is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period or periods, based 
on the Group’s estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest. At each balance sheet date, the Group revises 
its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, 
if  any,  is  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  such  that  the  cumulative  expenses  reflects  the  revised  estimate,  with  a 
corresponding adjustment to equity reserves. 

____ 
27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

2.  Segmental reporting – Analysis by geographical segment 

The loss before taxation arises within principally the UK and US. Net assets are principally in the UK and US.  Based on an analysis of risks and returns, the Directors consider that 
the Group has two principal business segments based on geography, with the UK primarily representing head office costs of the Group.  Operating segments are reported in a manner 
consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker.  The chief operating decision maker has been identified as the Board of Directors.  The Directors 
therefore consider that no further segmentation is appropriate. 

Year ended 30 September 

External revenue 
Inter-segment sales 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit/(loss) 
Impairment 
Administrative expenses 
Operating loss 
Financial income 
Finance costs 

Total loss 

Non-Current assets: 
– Exploration and development assets 
– Other 
– Property, plant and equipment 
– Patents 

Current assets: 
Trade and other receivables 
Investment in unquoted securities 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

Current liabilities: 
Trade and other payables 

Total liabilities 

2019 
£’000 
- 

United States  United Kingdom 
2019 
£’000 
- 
94 
- 
94 
- 
(695) 
(601) 
1 
(5) 

- 
- 
- 
(177) 
(177) 
- 
- 

(177) 

(605) 

9,200 
27 
431 
22 
9,680 

- 
- 
21 
9,701 

(389) 

(389) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

97 
- 
618 
715 

(226) 

(226) 

Eliminations 
2019 
£’000 

(94) 

(94) 

94 
- 

Total 
2019 
£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(778) 
(778) 
1 
(5) 

(782) 

9,200 
27 
431 
22 
9,680 

97 
- 
639 
10,416 

(615) 

(615) 

United States 
2018 
£’000 
- 

- 
- 
- 
(387) 
(387) 
- 
- 

(387) 

8,047 
23 
313 
28 
8,411 

- 
- 
128 
8,539 

(17) 

(17) 

Eliminations 
2018 
£’000 

(92) 

(92) 

92 
- 

United Kingdom 
2018 
£’000 
- 
92 
- 
92 
- 
(562) 
(470) 
- 
(12) 

(482) 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

47 
102 
134 
283 

(487) 

(487) 

Total 
2018 
£’000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(857) 
(857) 
- 
(12) 

(869) 

8,047 
23 
313 
28 
8,411 

47 
102 
262 
8,822 

(504) 

(504) 

____ 
28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

3.  Finance costs 

Interest income 

Loan note interest (Note 20) 

Total finance costs for the financial year 

4.  Operating loss 

The following items have been charged in arriving at  operating loss: 

Auditors’ remuneration: audit services 
Rentals payable in respect of land and buildings 

5.  Taxation 

There is no tax charge in the year due to the loss for the year. 

Factors affecting the tax charge: 

Loss on ordinary activities before tax 
Loss on ordinary activities at standard rate of corporation tax  
in the UK of 19% (2018: 19%) 

Effects of: 

Losses carried forward 
Tax charge for the financial year 

2019 

£’000 

(1) 

5 

4 

2019 

£’000 

31 

37 

2019 

£’000 

(782) 

(149) 

149 

- 

2018 

£’000 

- 

12 

12 

2018 

£’000 

31 

6 

2018 

£’000 

(869) 

(165) 

165 

- 

A reduction in the UK corporation tax rate from 20% to 19% (effective from 1 April 2017) and to 18% (effective 1 April 2020) 
were substantively enacted on 26 October 2015, and an additional reduction to 17% (effective 1 April 2020) was substantially 
enacted on 6 September 2016.  This will reduce the Group’s future current tax charge accordingly in the event of profits. 

6.  Employees and Directors 

The Group has no employees other than the Directors, whose emoluments comprise fees paid for services.  The amounts 
for their services are detailed below: 

Salaries 

2019 
£’000 

Share-based 
payment 
expense 
2019 
£’000 

Share-based 
payment 
expense 

2018 
£’000 

Salaries 

2018 
£’000 

A Jones (resigned 16 March 2020) 

J Potter  

A Benger  

M Groat  

L Read (appointed 1 January 2019; resigned 28 
June 2019) 
Total remuneration 

98 

74 

18 

18 

12 

220 

48 

31 

7 

7 

- 

93 

73 

38 

16 

16 

- 

143 

19 

12 

3 

3 

- 

37 

____ 
29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

7.  Loss per share 

Basic  loss  per  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  the  losses  attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  by  the  weighted  average 
number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Reconciliations of the losses and weighted average number of shares 
used in the calculations are set out below.  

Financial year ended 30 September 2019 
Basic and Diluted EPS 

Losses 

£’000 

Weighted 
average 
number of 
shares 

Per share 
Amount 

Pence 

Losses attributable to ordinary shareholders on continuing operations 

(749) 

102,524,614 

Total losses attributable to ordinary shareholders 

(749) 

102,524,614 

(0.73) 

(0.73) 

Financial year ended 30 September 2018 

Basic and Diluted EPS 

Losses attributable to ordinary shareholders on continuing operations 

Total losses attributable to ordinary shareholders 

(770) 

(770) 

41,719,121 

41,719,121 

(1.84) 

(1.84) 

The warrants and share options which were issued or for which entitlement to warrants was established in the current and 
prior years (Notes 17 and 18) are anti-dilutive.  As these instruments would be anti-dilutive a separate diluted loss per share 
is not presented. 

8. 

Intangible assets 

Oil & Gas 

Exploration and 
development 
licences 

£’000 

7,627 

193 

227 

8,047 

643 

510 

9,200 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,200 

8,047 

7,627 

Cost 

At 1 October 2017 

Additions 

Translation differences 

At 30 September 2018 

Additions 

Translation differences 

At 30 September 2019 

Amortisation/Impairment  

At 1 October 2017 

Amortisation 

At 30 September 2018 

Amortisation 

At 30 September 2019 

Net book value 

At 30 September 2019 

At 30 September 2018 

At 30 September 2017 

Oil & Gas 

Oil & Gas 

Oil & Gas 

Technology licence 

Patents and 
patent 
applications 

£’000 

£’000 

1,314 

- 

- 

1,314 

1,314 

1,314 

- 

1,314 

- 

1,314 

- 

- 

- 

23 

11 

- 

34 

(1) 

1 

34 

- 

6 

6 

6 

12 

22 

28 

23 

Total 

£’000 

8,964 

204 

227 

9,395 

642 

511 

10,548 

1,314 

6 

1,320 

6 

1,326 

9,222 

8,075 

7,650 

The  exploration and development licences  comprise  nine Utah  oil  shale  leases covering  approximately  15,488  acres.  In 
respect of leases ML 49570 and ML 49571, independent natural resources consultants SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty 
Ltd, part of the internationally recognised SRK Group, reported in March 2019 best estimate Contingent Resources (2C) of, 
in aggregate, 131.3 million barrels (“MM bbl”) of oil assessed under Petroleum Resources Management System (“PRMS”) 
guidelines, plus a best estimate Prospective Resource (2U) of, in aggregate, 442.8 MM bbl oil across the Leases.  This 

____ 
30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

included the Holliday A Block, where the Field Test has been undertaken, with 2C Contingent Resources of 57.3 MM bbl of 
oil  and  2U  Prospective  Resources  of  84.7  MM  bbl  of  oil.  The  Directors  continue  to  consider  the  Holliday  A  Block  to  be 
prospective and are seeking methods of extracting the shale oil through development of TurboShale’s RF technologies. 

The claim areas and the Group’s interest in them is: 
Licence  
Status  
Prospect  
Prospect  
Prospect 
Prospect 
Prospect 
Prospect 
Prospect 
Prospect 
Prospect 

Asset  
ML 49570  
ML 49571  
ML 48801 
ML 48802 
ML 48803 
ML 48806 
ML 49236 
ML 49237 
ML 50151* 

Per cent  
Interest  
100  
100  
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 

Expiry Date  
31/12/2024  
31/12/2024  
01/10/2021 
01/10/2021 
01/10/2021 
01/12/2023 
01/12/2023 
01/12/2023 
22/06/2020 

Licence Area 
(Acres)  
1,638.84  
1,280.00  
1,918.50 
1,920.00 
1,920.00 
1,880.00 
2,624.21 
1,666.67 
   640.00 

In performing an assessment of the carrying value of the exploration licences at the reporting date, the Directors concluded 
that it was not appropriate to book an impairment given the measured resource, the licence term and the continued plans to 
explore and develop the block, including the new technologies which TurboShale is seeking to develop.  

The outcome of ongoing exploration, and therefore whether the carrying value of the exploration licences will ultimately be 
recovered,  is  inherently  uncertain  and  is  dependent  upon  successful  development  of  commercially  viable  extraction 
technology.  If the required additional funding was not to be made available to the Group or commercially viable extraction 
technologies cannot be developed, the carrying value of the asset might need to be impaired.  

During the 2018/2019 financial year, the Field Test was carried out. 

* Lease ML 50151 is expected to be extended. 

9.  Property, plant and equipment 

Cost at 30 September 2017 

Additions 

Translation differences 
At 30 September 2018 
Additions 
Translation differences 
At 30 September 2019 
At 30 September 2018 
At 30 September 2017 

10. 

Investment in unquoted equity securities 

Fair value 

At 1 October 2017 
Fair value gain 

At 30 September 2018  
Fair value gain 

Disposals 

At 30 September 2019 

Net book value 

At 30 September 2019 

At 30 September 2018 
At 30 September 2017 

Exploration and evaluation equipment 
Total 
£’000 
- 

303 

10 
313 
95 
23 
431 
313 
- 

Unlisted 
Investments 

£’000 

- 

102 

102 

2 

(104) 

- 

- 

102 
- 

____ 
31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

During the year to 30 September 2012, the Group invested US$5.0 million (£3.1 million) in Red Leaf (Equity securities US – 
Red Leaf) at US$1,500 per share as part of a US$100 million raising by Red Leaf in conjunction with the closing of a joint 
venture with Total E&P USA Oil Shale, LLC, an affiliate of Total SA. 

In previous years the Directors considered that the fair value of the investment could not be reliably measured and so, as 
permitted by IFRS, the asset was stated at original cost less any provision for impairment and has been fully impaired for a 
number of years. The investment was eventually realised in October 2018 for a price of US$133,333 (£104,000). Changes 
in fair value at 30 September 2018 and to the date of disposal have been recognised in other comprehensive income. 

11.  Trade and other receivables 

Current 

Other receivables 

Prepayments and accrued income 

Non- current 
Other receivables 
Total Receivables 

Group 
2019 

£’000 
50 

47 
97 

27 

124 

Group 
2018 

£’000 
37 

10 
47 

23 

70 

As at 30 September 2019 there were no receivables considered past due (2018: £Nil).  The maximum exposure to credit 
risk at the reporting date is the fair value of each class of receivable and cash and cash equivalents as disclosed in Note 19. 

All current receivable amounts are due within six months. 

12.  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

Group 
2019 
£’000 

639 

Group 
2018 
£’000 

262 

The Group earns 0.05% (2018: 0.05%) interest on their cash deposits, consequently the Group’s exposure to interest 
rate volatility is not considered material. 

13.  Trade and other payables 

Current 
Trade payables 
Other payables 
Loans (Note 20 & 21) 
Accruals 

Group 
2019 
£’000 
408 
17 
- 
190 

615 

Group 
2018 
£’000 
58 
10 
250 
186 

504 

All current amounts are payable within six months and the Directors considers that the carrying values adequately represent 
the fair value of all payables. Refer to Note 20 and 21 for terms of the loans. 

14.  Deferred tax 

Unrecognised losses 

The Group has tax losses in respect of excess management expenses of approximately £9.8 million (2018: £9.8 million) 
available  for  offset  against  future  Company  income.  Trading  losses  of  £1.3  million  (2018-£0.9  million)  are  also 
available. This gives rise to a potential deferred tax asset at the reporting date of £1.9 million (2018: £1.8 million).  No 
deferred tax asset has been recognised in respect of the tax losses carried forward as the recoverability of this benefit 
is  dependent  on  the  future  profitability  of  the  Company,  the  timing  of  which  cannot  reasonably  be  foreseen  but  the 
excess  management  expenses  have  no  expiry  date. Subsidiary  entities  have  accumulated  losses  of  approximately 
£660,000 for which no deferred tax asset is recorded given uncertainty of future profits. 

____ 
32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

15.  Share capital 

Issued and fully paid at 1 October 2017-shares of no par value 

April 2018 – placing of new ordinary shares (note 16) 

April 2018 – issue of shares in settlement of professional fees 

June 2018 – placing of new ordinary shares (note 16) 

At 30 September 2018 

Issued and fully paid at 1 October 2018-shares of no par value 

October 2018 – subscription of new ordinary shares (note16) 

December 2018 – placing of new ordinary shares (note 16) 

January 2019 – issue of shares in part settlement of loan (note 16) 

March 2019 - placing of new ordinary shares (note 16) 

May 2019-exercise of warrants (notes 16 and 17) 

July 2019-exercise of warrants (notes 16 and 17) 

August 2019 - placing of new ordinary shares (note 16) 

August 2019 - issue of shares in settlement of professional fees (note 16) 

At 30 September 2019 

16.  Share premium 

At 1 October 

October 2018 – subscription of new shares at 8.5 pence per share 

December 2018 – placing of new ordinary shares at 2 pence per share net of 
costs 

January 2019 – issue of shares in part settlement of loan at 2 pence per share 

March 2019 - placing of new ordinary shares at 2.75 pence per share net of 
costs 

May 2019-exercise of warrants (note 17) 

July 2019-exercise of warrants (note 17) 

August 2019 - placing of new ordinary shares at 3.5 pence net of costs 

August 2019 - issue of shares in settlement of professional fees at 3.5 pence 

Issue of warrants as part of placing fees (note 17) 

April 2018 – placing at 3 pence per share, amount raised net of costs 

April 2018 –issue of shares at 3 pence per share  

June 2018-placing at 5 pence per share, amount raised net of costs 

Number of shares 
in issue 

2018 
£ 

28,917,800 

20,000,000 

199,999 

13,000,000 

62,117,799 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Number of shares 
in issue 

2019 
£ 

62,117,799 

1,176,471 

27,500,000 

5,000,000 

21,818,182 

1,530,000 

1,309,091 

12,857,143 

142,857 

133,451,543 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2019 

£’000 

26,542 

2018 

£’000 

25,354 

100 

514 

100 

559 

31 

36 

419 

5 

(59) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

567 

6 

615 

At 30 September 

28,247 

26,542 

____ 
33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

17.  Warrants 

At 30 September 2019 the following share warrants were outstanding in respect of ordinary shares:  

2019 

2019 

2018 

2018 

Weighted average 
exercise price  
Pence 
14.0 
(21.2) 
2.6 
(2.3) 
4.4 
4.4 

number 
356,000 
(160,000) 
3,610,520 
(2,839,091) 
967,429 
967,429 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price  
Pence 
24.8 
(21.2) 
10.0 
- 
14.0 
14.0 

number 
1,113,200 
(857,200) 
100,000 
- 
356,000 
356,000 

Outstanding at 1 October  
Expired during the year 
Granted during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Outstanding at 30 September 
Exercisable at 30 September  

Issue of Warrants 

On completion  of a placing on 2  October  2014, the Company issued 12,000,000 warrants with an exercise  price of 
0.5p and a contractual life of 5 years.  The exercise price of the warrants adjusted to 6.25p and the number of warrants 
adjusted to 96,000 post a share consolidation in 2017. These warrants expired shortly after 30 September 2019. 

On  7  October  2016  the  Company  entered  an  agreement  in  which  the  counterparty  was  entitled  to  subscribe  for 
20,000,000 ordinary shares at 0.17p per share (subsequently consolidated to 160,000 warrants exercisable at 21.25p 
per share following the share consolidation) for services. These warrants expired during the year. 

In  April  2018  the  Company  issued  100,000  warrants  with  a  life  of  two  years  and  an  exercise  price  of  10p  as  part 
consideration  for  settlement  of  its  contract  with  Venture  Development  Partners  Limited  concerning  a  framework 
agreement relating to TurboShale concluded in 2017. The fair value of these warranted was assessed to be immaterial 
at approximately £1,000. 

3,610,520 new warrants were issued during 2019 in connection with the placing of new shares. The fair value of these 
warrants was assessed at £59,000. Of the new warrants issued during 2019, warrants over 2,839,091 ordinary shares 
were exercised during the year. 

Each warrant in issue is governed by the provisions of warrant instruments representing the warrants which have been 
adopted by the Company.  The rights conferred by the warrants are transferable in whole or in part subject to and in 
accordance with the transfer provisions set out in the Articles.  The warrants outstanding at 30 September 2019 had a 
weighted average exercise price of 4.4p (2018: 14p) and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 1.55 years 
(2018: 0.71 years). 

The  Company  intends,  following  publication  of  these  accounts,  to  issue  425,000  warrants  to  an  adviser  which  were 
intended to be issued following the publication of last year’s account, giving them the right to acquire such number of 
new ordinary shares at an exercise price of 2.75 pence for a period of two years. 

18.  Share-based payments 

The Company implemented a share option scheme for its Directors during the year ended 30 September 2018. Options 
are exercisable at a price equal to the quoted market price of the Company’s shares at the date of grant. The vesting 
period is between four months and 2.3 years. If the options remain unexercised after a period of ten years from the 
date of grant the options expire. Options are forfeited if the director leaves the Company before the options vest. 

Details of the share options issued during the year and outstanding at the year end are as follows: 

Outstanding at 1 October  
Granted during the year 
Outstanding at 30 September 
Exercisable at 30 September  

2019 

2019 

2018 

2018 

Weighted average 
exercise price  
Pence 
5.25 
- 
5.25 
5.25 

number 
5,142,855 
- 
5,142,855 
1,714,286 

number 

- 
5,142,855 
5,142,855 
- 

Weighted average 
exercise price  
Pence 
- 
5.25 
5.25 
- 

Details of the options held by each Director are given in the Directors’ Report on page 5. 

____ 
34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model for calculating the estimated fair value of options granted, at their grant date, 
were as follows: 

Share price (pence) 
Exercise price (pence) 
Expected volatility 
Risk-free rate 
Expected period before exercise (years) 

2019 
5.25 
5.25 
98.8% 
0.82% 
3 

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Company’s share price.  The expected 
life used in the model has been adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, 
exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations. 

The fair value of each option granted during the year was estimated at 3.2 pence at the date of grant. The weighted 
average unexpired life of the options at 30 September 2019 was 8.83 years (2018-9.83 years). 

The charge recognised in profit or loss for 2019 was £93,000 (2018: £37,000). 

19.  Financial instruments 

Implementation of IFRS 9 

Upon implementation of IFRS 9, there were no reclassifications of financial assets or liabilities, save for the transfer 
from  “available  for  sale”  assets  to  “fair  value  through  other  comprehensive  income”  of  the  Group’s  investment  in 
unquoted equity investments, with a value of £102,000 at implementation. No remeasurement of this or other financial 
assets or liabilities was required. 

Other disclosures 

The  Group’s  financial  instruments,  other  than  its  investments,  comprise  cash  and  items  arising  directly  from  its 
operation such as other receivables, and trade payables. 

Management review the Group’s exposure to currency risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk and credit risk on a regular 
basis and consider that through this review they manage the exposure of the Group.  No formal policies have been put 
in  place  in  order  to  hedge  the  Group’s  activities  to  the  exposure  to  currency  risk  or  interest  risk,  however,  this  is 
constantly under review. 

There is no material difference between the book value and fair value of the Group and Company’s cash and other 
financial assets. 

Currency risk 

The Group has overseas subsidiaries which operate in the United States and include expenses, assets and liabilities 
denominated in US$.  Foreign exchange risk is inherent in the Group’s activities and is accepted as such.  The effect 
of a 10% strengthening or weakening of the US dollar against sterling at the reporting date on the dollar denominated 
balances  would,  all  other  variables  held  constant,  would  result  in  a  gain  or  loss  of  approximately  £10,000  (2018: 
£20,000). 

Interest rate risk 

The Group and Company manage the interest rate risk associated with the Group cash assets by ensuring that interest 
rates are as favourable as possible, whether this is through investment in floating or fixed interest rate deposits, whilst 
managing the access the Group requires to the funds for working capital purposes. 

The Group’s cash and cash equivalents are subject to interest rate exposure due to changes in interest rates.  Short-
term receivables and payables are not exposed to interest rate risk. The Group has no borrowings as at 30 September 
2019. 

A 1% increase or decrease in the floating rate attributable to the cash balances held at the year end would not result 
in a significant difference on interest receivable. 

____ 
35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

Liquidity risk 

At the year end the Group and Company had cash balances comprising the following: 

Bank balances 

British Pounds 

US Dollars 

Total 

Group 

2019 
£’000 

326 

313 

639 

Group 

2018 
£’000 

134 

128 

262 

All financial liabilities of the group mature in less than 12 months: details of the analysis of such liabilities is given in 
Note 13. 

Liquidity risk arises from the Group management of working capital. It is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty 
in meeting its financial obligations as they fall due.  Refer to Note 1.1 for details of going concern. 

The Group policy is to ensure that it will always have sufficient cash to allow it to meet its liabilities when they become 
due.  To achieve this aim, it seeks to maintain cash balances (or agreed facilities) to meet expected requirements for 
a period of at least 90 days. 

Credit Risk 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or a counter party to a financial instrument fails to meet 
its contractual obligations.  The Group is principally exposed to credit risk on cash and cash equivalents with banks 
and  financial  institutions.    For  banks  and  financial  institutions,  only  independently  rated  parties  with  an  acceptable 
rating are utilised. 

Capital management policies 

In managing its capital, the Group’s primary objective is to maintain a sufficient funding base to enable the Group to 
meet its working capital and strategic investment needs.  In making decisions to adjust its capital structure to achieve 
these aims, through new share issues or debt, the Group considers not only its short-term position but also its long-
term operational and strategic objectives. 

20.  Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities 

The table below details changes in the Group’s liabilities arising from financing activities, including both cash and non-
cash changes. Liabilities arising from financing activities are those for which cash flows were, or future cash flows will 
be, classified in the cash flow statement as cash flows from financing activities: 

1 October 

Financing cash flows 

Group 2019 

Loans from related parties 
(Note 21) 

Total 

Group 2018 
Loans from related parties 
(Note 21) 

Total 

£’000 

250 

250 

- 

- 

£’000 

(150) 

(150) 

250 

250 

Non-cash 
transactions 
£’000 

30 September 

£’000 

(100) 
(100) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

250 

250 

Repayment of loans during the year ended 30 September 2019 was partly financed by the issue of new equity with a 
fair value of £100,000. Interest accrued of £5,000 (2018: £12,000) which was paid in the year. 

21.  Related party disclosures 

The Directors are Key Management and information in respect of key management is given in Note 6.   

Mr Chris Brown, who is directly and indirectly beneficially interested in, in aggregate, 3.86% of the issued share capital 
of the Company, and  was a  former director of the Company, provided unsecured loans  of, in aggregate,  £250,000, 
applied to general working capital purposes.  The loans incurred interest of 8% per annum, payable monthly in arrears.  

____ 
36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 30 September 2019 

The loans were repaid during the year by £150,000 in cash and £100,000 by conversion into 5,000,000 new ordinary 
shares at 2p per share. 

22.  Ultimate controlling party 

As at 30 September 2019 and 30 September 2018 there is no ultimate controlling party. 

23.  Operating lease commitments 

At 30 September 2019, the Group was committed to operating lease payments due within one year of £39,000 (2018-
nil). The charge for the year ended 30 September 2019 was £39,000. 

24.  Subsequent events 

In December 2019, the Company raised £925,000 gross of expenses by a placing of 142,307,692 new ordinary shares 
at 0.65p per share. 71,153,846 warrants were issued with the placing, entitling the holder to purchase a further ordinary 
share at a subscription price of 1.5p per share. A further 8,538,462 warrants were issued to Turner Pope Investments, 
giving them the right to acquire the same number of ordinary shares at an exercise price of 0.65p for two years. 

The placing was intended in part to fund a resources report and engineering study into a new oil sands opportunity in 
the Uintah Basin, Utah, USA as well as to complete the necessary design revisions of the TurboShale system and to 
provide general working capital. 

On 19 March 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with Valkor for a Pre-FEED study for which the Company’s 
contribution is $125,000. 

The full effect and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will take time to be understood.  At the time of the publication of 
these accounts, the full effects are not yet known, though it is clear that the effects will be significant.  Already we have 
seen a slowing of the global economy and a material reduction in both the demand for and the price of oil, which will 
likely  have  an  impact  on  the  attractiveness  of  exploration  assets,  including  the  Group’s,  which  may  result  in  future 
funding for projects being harder to secure.  In respect of the Group’s current operations, being the Pre-FEED study, 
this will likely take longer to be completed than initially anticipated due to the current imposed travel restrictions.  In the 
event that the pandemic continues into the second half of 2020, the Board will consider what cost reduction measures 
are needed and can be implemented to ensure the Group can continue to trade. 

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ONLINE  

www.tomcoenergy.com 
info@tomcoenergy.com 

TELEPHONE 

+44 20 3823 3635 

ADDRESS 

TomCo 
Energy plc 
60 Circular 
Road 
Douglas 
Isle of Man  
IM1 1SA 

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