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Treatt

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FY2013 Annual Report · Treatt
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TREATT PLC
Annual Report and  

Financial Statements  2013

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A world of 
difference

in the world of ingredient solutions,  
we’re at the core of product innovation

Treatt plc  
Northern Way,  
Bury St Edmunds,  
Suffolk, IP32 6NL UK

01284 702500   

Tel: 
Fax:  01284 703809 
Email:  enquiries@treatt.com

www.treatt.com
www.earthoil.com

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TREATT IS A WORLD-LEADING  
INNOVATIVE INGREDIENT SOLUTIONS 
PROVIDER FOR THE FLAVOUR, FRAGRANCE 
AND CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRIES

Treatt places great emphasis on investing resources into developing first-hand 
knowledge and relationships with growers and suppliers to ensure a sustainable,  
fair and rewarding future for all its stakeholders; investors, customers, growers  
and staff – across the globe.

The Group has manufacturing sites on three continents with sales offices in the  
UK, USA, France and China. Our manufacturing sites are certified to the Global  
Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) approved standard, which serves as a testament of  
our commitment to quality and safety, and allows Treatt to supply across the globe.

By developing innovative solutions for multi-national customers and providing 
unparalleled customer service, Treatt continues to create outstanding value for  
both its customers and its shareholders.

   About the

group

OVERVIEW

GOVERNANCE

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

01  Group Strategy
02  What We Do
04  Highlights
05  Group Five Year Trading Record
06  Chairman’s Statement
07  Chief Executive Officer’s Report
09  Financial Review
11  Directors’ Report
16  Strategic Report

18  Corporate Governance Statement
23  Directors’ Remuneration Report
36  Independent Auditor’s Report to  

the Members of Treatt plc

38  Group Income Statement
39   Group Statement of Comprehensive Income
40   Group and Parent Company Statements  

of Changes in Equity

42   Group and Parent Company Balance Sheets
43   Group and Parent Company Statement  

of Cash Flows

44   Group Reconciliation of Net Cash Flow  

to Movement in Net Debt

45  Notes to the Financial Statements
74  Notice of Annual General Meeting
86  Financial Calendar
87  Parent Company Information and Advisers

 
Group  

Strategy

Treatt’s strategy consists of delivering profitable and sustainable 
growth by means of a focused sales approach and market-driven new 
product development. This strategy is underpinned by continued 
innovation, added-value manufacturing and by driving efficiency 
improvements across the Group.  

Treatt takes pride in its positive culture, 
which creates the environment for employee 
engagement, key to the successful delivery  
of its strategy. Through proactive share save 
schemes in the UK and the US, employees 
are able to build shareholdings in the business, 
which is encouraged by the Board. 

Soft
Drinks

Coffee

Tea

Alcoholic 
Beverages

Personal 
Care

Flavour
&
Fragrance

125+
300+
9m+

years experience

employees

kg shipped pa

INNOVATION
Product development and a vibrant product 
portfolio are market and customer driven. 

INVESTMENT
Treatt will invest to maintain its competitive 
advantage and equip the business with the 
technology, capacity and skill set required to 
meet our strategic objectives.

GROWTH
Treatt’s strategic targets will be achieved 
through a global focused sales approach, 
control of overheads, and unlocking operational 
efficiency.

ADDING VALUE
Treatt provides ingredient solutions that address 
customer and market needs, such as authentic 
and unique flavour profiles, cost-effective and 
stable fragrance specialties and ingredients that 
naturally impart sweetness without calories.

TREATT PRODUCTS

•  Citrus oils
•  Spice and herb oils
•   Treattarome® natural distillates from the  

named food

•  Functional ingredients
•  Natural isolates
•  Organic and ethical trade ingredients
•  Natural cosmetic ingredients
•  Fragrance ingredients

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   01

 
Treatt  

What we do

ESSENTIAL OILS

CITRUS

TREATTAROME®

Treatt’s essential oils are derived from 
a variety of origins and are distilled and 
blended in various qualities for food, flavour, 
fragrance and cosmetic applications.

Treatt has always been known for the 
quality of its citrus products and now 
produces various ranges including 
CitrustT™, Citreatt®, and the new unique 
TreattZest™ concentrated citrus oils.

Treattaromes are a range of 100% natural 
‘From the Named Food’ water soluble, 
clear essences, suitable for numerous 
applications from beverages to ice creams 
and savoury sauces.

A WORLD OF DIFFERENCE

Innovative ingredient solutions

Our in-depth knowledge of flavour 
and fragrance ingredients allows us 
to provide direct access to unique 
ingredient solutions 
which customers 
would not usually 
find elsewhere. 

This allows our customers to create 
signature products using Treatt’s 
specialties, which can set their product 
apart from the competition.

02   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

BEHIND THE SCENES 
Scan here to watch ‘behind the scenes’ 
videos of how Treattaromes are produced, 
or visit  
www.treatt.com/products/treattarome

Pineapple

Honey

Banana

Cucumber

Kiwi

Tea

Coffee

Watermelon

FAIR TRADE 
PRINCIPLES

Earthoil in Kenya

Earthoil, the 
cosmetics ingredients 
division of Treatt,  
is committed to  
Fair Trade principles 
through its Fair for 
Life certification.

Here in Kenya, farmers are being taught 
about composting, good agricultural 
practices, organic and Fair Trade 
requirements.

WELLNESS

AROMA INGREDIENTS

Treatt’s Wellness range of products are 
non-caloric, 100% natural essences that 
impart desirable flavour and mouthfeel, 
while smoothing out the sweetness profile 
and undesirable lingering characteristics 
associated with Stevia and other 
sweeteners.

Treatt offers an extensive selection of aroma 
ingredients which deliver an authentic 
aromatic profile to a variety of flavours and 
fragrances.

ORGANIC ESSENTIAL OILS

VEGETABLE OILS

Treatt’s diverse product range includes 
organically-certified and Fair Trade 
ingredients for the flavour, fragrance  
and cosmetics industries.

Treatt, through its cosmetic ingredients 
division, Earthoil, also specialises in 
conventional, organic and fair trade cold 
pressed vegetable seed oils. A variety of 
vegetable, fruit and tree seeds are pressed 
to produce quality oils in our Kenyan facility.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   03

 Treatt  

Highlights

Treatt  is  continually  launching  new  products  to  provide  solutions  to 
customer and market needs. More and more consumers are seeking 
low calorie, better-for-you beverages to improve their overall health and 
wellness. 

Eager to tap into this buoyant market, drinks manufacturers across the 
globe are looking for innovative solutions to enable them to produce 
healthier beverages, while addressing the challenges associated with 
natural sweeteners such as Stevia. As a solution, Treatt has created 
TreattSweet™, a natural flavour ingredient that makes sweet flavours 
taste better.

World  coffee  consumption  continues  to  grow,  thanks  in  part 
to  new  markets  such  as  China,  but  also  due  to  new  varieties  of 
coffee  drinks  such  as  iced  coffee  becoming  more  mainstream.  
To help manufacturers create good-tasting coffee beverages, Treatt 
has developed some exciting natural ingredients which impart the 
authentic coffee flavour that consumers are looking for. 

With alcoholic beverages an increasing focus for Treatt, an innovative 
natural  distillate,  Cascade  Hop  Treattarome®,  was  developed  to 
enable brewers to adjust the aroma of hop whilst avoiding the cost 
and bitterness associated with additional hopping.

The Directors visiting Treatt’s plant in Lakeland, Florida

REVENUE  

£74.1m

Treatt will continue to use its expertise to develop other innovative 
solutions, based on market and consumer demand.

2013

2012

£74.1m

£74.0m

ADJUSTED PROFIT BEFORE TAX  

£6.2m

2013

2012

ADJUSTED EARNINGS PER SHARE  

43.2p

2013

2012

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE*  

18.5p

2013

2012

NET ASSETS PER SHARE  

£2.62

2013

2012

£6.2m

£5.1m

43.2p

34.4p

18.5p

15.5p

£2.62

£2.48

*  The dividend per share shown relates to the interim dividend declared and final 
dividend proposed, both of which are paid after the year end and, under IFRS, 
accounted for in the subsequent financial year.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

OPERATING PROFIT  
Operating profit increased by 23.3%

+23.3%

RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED  
ROCE grew from 14.4% to 19.4%

19.4%

NET CASH FLOW  
Net cash inflow of £4.7m

£4.7m

04   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Group Five Year Trading Record

INCOME STATEMENT 
Revenue 

EBITDA (pre-exceptionals) 
Operating profit 

Adjusted profit before taxation 
Growth in adjusted profit before taxation 

Exceptional items 

Profit before taxation 

Taxation 
Non-controlling interest 

2009 
£’000 

2010 
£’000 

2011 
£’000 

2012 
£’000 

56,313 

63,298 

74,518 

74,009 

5,012 
3,893 

3,501 
14.3% 

6,032 
4,904 

4,503 
28.6% 

8,032 
6,864 

6,372 
41.5% 

6,891 
5,628 

5,060 
(20.6%) 

2013
£’000

74,097

8,278
6,938

6,227
23.1%

— 

(2,432) 

— 

(598) 

(1,093)

3,501 

2,071 

6,372 

4,462 

5,134

(1,013) 
(3) 

(1,417) 
(1) 

(2,017) 
(7) 

(1,390) 
— 

(1,655)
—

3,479

1,075
684
11,718
(723)
586
38,340
(12,484)
(23)
(8,889)
(1,589)
(577)
(675)

9,250
(649)
(714)
(1,585)
(1,578)
(9)
91
(151)

4,655

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the Parent Company 

2,485 

653 

4,348 

3,072 

BALANCE SHEET 
Goodwill 
Other intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Deferred tax asset/(liability) 
Non-current trade and other receivables 
Current assets 
Current liabilities 
Non-current trade and other payables 
Non-current bank loans 
Post-employment benefits 
Non-current derivative financial instruments 
Redeemable loan notes (net) 

4,272 
290 
9,847 
245 
586 
28,687 
(15,954) 
(789) 
(1,773) 
(2,000) 
— 
(675) 

1,051 
250 
10,250 
(19) 
586 
34,311 
(14,292) 
— 
(7,348) 
(1,596) 
— 
(675) 

1,192 
742 
10,120 
(261) 
586 
35,847 
(12,592) 
(135) 
(7,606) 
(803) 
(864) 
(675) 

1,080 
718 
11,543 
(594) 
586 
38,053 
(17,345) 
(23) 
(5,469) 
(838) 
(1,033) 
(675) 

Total equity 

22,736 

22,518 

25,551 

26,003 

27,443

CASH FLOW 
Cash generated from operations 
Taxation paid 
Net interest paid 
Dividends paid 
Additions to non-current assets net of proceeds 
Acquisition/disposal of interests in joint ventures or subsidiaries 
Net (purchase)/sale of own shares by share trust 
Other 

10,675 
(755) 
(541) 
(1,138) 
(1,005) 
— 
65 
(407) 

2,361 
(1,312) 
(387) 
(1,222) 
(1,571) 
(38) 
87 
(5) 

8,312 
(1,998) 
(527) 
(1,330) 
(1,540) 
(14) 
100 
(16) 

1,482 
(1,279) 
(618) 
(1,490) 
(2,787) 
— 
(306) 
43 

Movement in net debt 

Total net debt 

RATIOS 
Net operating margin1 
Return on capital employed2 
Average net debt to EBITDA3 
Adjusted basic earnings per share 
Growth in adjusted basic earnings per share 
Dividend per share4 
Dividend cover (adjusted to exclude exceptionals)4 
Net assets per share 

6,894 

(2,087) 

2,987 

(4,955) 

(8,894) 

(10,981) 

(7,994) 

(12,949) 

(8,294)

6.9% 
12.3% 
2.46 
24.5p 
25.9% 
12.0p 
2.03 
217.0p 

7.7% 
14.6% 
1.65 
30.3p 
23.6% 
13.0p 
2.32 
214.9p 

9.2% 
20.5% 
1.18 
42.5p 
40.5% 
14.5p 
2.92 
243.8p 

7.6% 
14.4% 
1.52 
34.4p 
(19.1%) 
15.5p 
2.22 
248.0p 

9.4%
19.4%
1.28
43.2p
25.6%
18.5p
2.33
262.0p

Notes on calculations:
1  Operating profit divided by revenue
2  Operating profit divided by total equity plus net debt
3  Average of net debt at start and end of financial year divided by EBITDA
4  The dividend per share shown relates to the interim dividend declared and final dividend proposed, both of which are paid after the year end and, under IFRS, accounted for in the 

subsequent financial year.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   05

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s  

Statement

RESULTS
The performance of the Group, in a year of significant change, has 
been  very  encouraging  and  it  is  pleasing  to  report  that  results  for 
the  last  year  were  better  than  had  been  originally  forecast.  Pre-
exceptional profits for the financial year increased by 23% to £6.2m 
(2012: £5.1m) and adjusted* basic earnings per share grew by 26% 
to 43.2p (2012: 34.4p). Revenue, which can fluctuate due to changes 
in product mix and movements in raw material prices, was steady 
at £74.1m (2012: £74.0m). Adjusted* earnings before interest, tax, 
depreciation  and  amortisation  increased  by  20%  to  £8.3m  (2012: 
£6.9m). Operating profit margins rose in the year from 7.6% to 9.4% 
leading to operating profits rising by 23% to £6.9m (2012: £5.6m).

Cash flows of the Group can vary from one year to the next because 
of  movements  in  raw  material  prices  and  the  strategic  purchasing 
decisions  made by our very experienced  procurement team. 2013 
saw a very encouraging net cash inflow of £4.7m, reducing net debt 
by more than a third to £8.3m (2012: £12.9m), resulting in a modest 
average net debt to EBITDA ratio of 1.3 times (2012: 1.5 times).

The exceptional items totalling £1.1m reported in these results relate 
to  corporate  finance  and  other  related  one-off  costs  (£0.5m)  and 
the legal and professional costs in relation to the on-going earnout 
dispute  in  relation  to  the  acquisition  of  the  Earthoil  Group  (£0.6m). 
Further  details  concerning  the  contingent  liability  in  respect  of  this 
dispute are given in note 27.

DIVIDENDS
The Board is proposing a net final dividend of 13.0p (2012: 10.4p), 
increasing the total dividend for the year by 19% to 18.5p (2012: 15.5p) 
per share. If approved by shareholders at the forthcoming AGM, the 
final dividend will be payable on 4 April 2014 to all shareholders on 
the register at close of business on 28 February 2014. Shareholders 
who wish to participate in the dividend re-investment plan for this and 
future dividends should elect to do so by 10 March 2014.

BOARD CHANGES
Following  ten  years  as  a  Non-executive  Director,  we  bade  farewell 
to  Peter  Thorburn  this  year.  Peter’s  contribution  to  the  Board  over 
a  decade  of  major  change  for  the  Group  has  been  immense  and 
as a UK national resident in Florida, he has been particularly closely 
associated with the success of Treatt USA over the last few years. 
I  would  very  much  like  to  place  on  record  our  thanks  to  Peter  for 
everything he has done for Treatt and to wish him and his family well 
for the future.

I was delighted to welcome Jeff Iliffe to the Board as a Non-executive 
Director during the year. Jeff is the Chief Financial Officer of Abcam 
plc  and  brings  with  him  a  wealth  of  financial  and  City  experience 
which will, I have no doubt, be of great benefit to the Board.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
In addition to Jeff Iliffe’s appointment as Audit Committee Chairman, it 
has been a very busy year for other aspects of corporate governance 
as well. 

New  rules  apply  to  companies  reporting  on  financial  years  ending 
on or after 30 September 2013 – which means that Treatt is one of 
the companies now needing, at very short notice, to deal with new 
procedures  on  remuneration  policy,  gender  diversity,  greenhouse 
gas reporting, and the strategic report. In consequence, this year’s 
annual  report  contains  a  significant  amount  of  new  and  additional 
information. 

The Remuneration Committee consulted major shareholders on its 
remuneration policy and, together with a new Long Term Incentive 
Plan,  will  be  putting  these  proposals  before  shareholders  at  the 
forthcoming AGM in February 2014.

Adjusted earnings 
per share increased 
by 26% and dividends 
per share by 19%

Tim Jones
Chairman

A  full  and  comprehensive  risk  review  has  also  been  undertaken, 
reviewed and approved by the Board.

SHAREHOLDER RELATIONS
Following  the  decision  of  the  Bovill  family  to  dispose  of  their 
shareholding earlier this year, I would like to formally recognise and 
thank Hugo Bovill and his family for their dedication and stewardship 
of Treatt over the years. Treatt has a proud heritage which will be built 
upon as the business continues to grow.

I  am  also,  therefore,  delighted  to  welcome  some  new  names  to 
Treatt’s share register and I look forward to updating all shareholders 
regularly on the on-going progress being made by the Group.

REVIEW OF THE YEAR
I mentioned in my report last year that the Board was carrying out a 
thorough review of the business. CEO Daemmon Reeve developed 
a new strategic plan which met with the Board’s approval and which 
was  rolled  out  to  all  colleagues  through  a  series  of  workshops  in 
January 2013. Daemmon discusses the new strategy in detail in his 
report.

Turning now to the performance of the business over the last twelve 
months, we were anticipating a year of steady growth and it is clear 
that the new strategy gained traction very quickly. Although Q1 was, 
as ever, a seasonally quiet period for the Group, from the turn of the 
year  business  has  been  pleasing  with  both  the  Treatt  and  Earthoil 
branded  businesses  performing  well.  Sales  revenues  remained 
unchanged  but  a  combination  of  improved  margins  and  stringent 
overhead control has delivered the 23% growth in adjusted pre-tax 
profits being reported.

Treatt’s  strong  technical  and  procurement  experience  with  raw 
material ingredients is enabling the business to both transition up the 
value chain and margins to grow, notwithstanding top line sales value 
being impacted by lower average costs of key raw materials. At the 
same time, overall costs have been reduced; with the centralising of 
the Group finance function delivering a particularly noteworthy saving.

The steady improvement in Earthoil’s results is also very pleasing to 
report, with profits almost doubling compared with the year before. 
Its innovative range of cosmetic ingredient solutions, and increasing 
interest in fair trade activities, puts Earthoil in a good position to deliver 
material profits in years to come. 

PEOPLE
It is always extremely important, but particularly this year with all the 
changes  which  have  taken  place  over  the  last  eighteen  months, 
that  I  publicly  express  the  sincere  thanks  of  the  Board  to  all  Treatt 
and  Earthoil  colleagues  for  their  hard  work  and  contribution  to  the 
success of Treatt.

PROSPECTS
The  Group  has  made  a  solid  start  to  the  new  financial  year.  With 
further progress on strategy implementation, continuing focus on key 
markets including the alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverage sectors, 
and on-going development of exciting, new and innovative products, 
the Board is confident that the Group will again show good progress 
in the coming year.

TIM JONES
Chairman
6 December 2013

* Excluding exceptional items

06   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Chief Executive Officer’s  

Report

Our new strategy is 
the central core to 
our success

OVERVIEW
Treatt has had a good year with profit before exceptionals up by 23%, 
adjusted  earnings  per  share  26%  higher  and  net  debt  36%  lower 
than a year ago, and I would like to begin by thanking my colleagues 
throughout the Group for their endeavours and engagement which 
has  enabled  us  to  report  such  a  pleasing  set  of  figures.  Our  new 
strategy, which has been clearly communicated throughout the Treatt 
organisation, has been the central core to our success; colleagues 
are very clear about what Treatt is and the values we stand for. With 
greater focus, clarity and cost control as central pillars to our strategy 
it  has  enabled  Treatt  to  begin  the  necessary  path  of  preparing  our 
business for the next stage of our growth as an innovative ingredient 
solution provider. The year has been exciting as well as challenging 
and  I  have  been  delighted  to  see  so  many  colleagues  flourishing 
and contributing to the business in a wide variety of ways. Creating 
the environment for colleagues to succeed is very motivating for me 
personally and our work on this continues. 

STRATEGY
As our strategy further beds in to Treatt and we look to the future, we 
are building a sound platform to progress from. 

Through greater focus and meaningful engagement with customers 
who  can  bring  Treatt  long  term  sustainable  value  we  will  create 
opportunities  of  consequence with products that excite customers 
and make them want to engage with us. 

‘ONE TREATT’ STRATEGY FOR GROWTH
Our strategy is clear - to grow Group profitability and margins in the 
flavour, fragrance and consumer goods markets through:

Focused 
sales 
approach

Market-driven 
new product 
development

Concentrated 
product 
range

Increasing 
group 
margins 

Cost 
control 

Excellent 
quality and 
service 

Well motivated 
and 
experienced 
workforce 

In addition to growth, a company-wide culture of cost control is an 
important aspect of our strategy and has encompassed everything 
from  energy  savings  to  process  improvements,  from  reduction  in 
global freight costs to savings on departmental consumables. 

Daemmon Reeve
Chief Executive Officer

SALES PROSPECTS
A  key  aspect  of  growing  sales  is  retention  of  existing  customers. 
With acute focus on the overall value to the Group, our sales team is 
incentivised to both retain as well as grow our business. By focussing 
on  those  accounts  where  meaningful  opportunities  are  evident  we 
increase  our  prospects,  and  aligning  our  technical  resources  with 
those opportunities maximises our chances of success - and as part 
of this we are currently working on a number of exciting opportunities 
with major beverage companies.

RAW MATERIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The  volatility  of  raw  material  prices,  and  their  availability,  continues 
to  present  challenges  for  the  Group  but  the  proven  experience, 
expertise and innovation of our global procurement team has enabled 
Treatt to mitigate the extremes of these impacts. Empowerment of 
our team to move nimbly and authoritatively in markets also provides 
Treatt with an important competitive advantage. 

Our  most  significant  raw  material,  orange  oil,  has  seen  prices 
reaching highs of more than double the previous forty year peak and 
a far greater level of volatility in the last three years than had been 
the case previously. The potential, therefore, exists for revenues on - 
most notably - some lower margin aspects of our citrus ingredients 
business, to have an effect on the top line performance of the Group, 
as longstanding Treatt followers will be aware. Consequently, in the 
short term the leadership team have a greater focus on contribution 
margin, as opposed to solely focusing purely on sales, as a better 
indicator of the success of our strategy.

THE TREATT BRAND
To ensure clarity for our customers we are marketing our business 
as Treatt. The Treatt brand is trusted by our global customer base 
as  being  synonymous  with  exceptional  quality  and  outstanding 
service. Whilst the legal entities of R C Treatt and Treatt USA remain, 
the focus and the branding of the business will continue to be built 
around  one  Treatt.  This  is  reflected  in  our  new  website  and  can 
also  be  seen  at  the  trade  exhibitions  we  attend  around  the  globe. 
A  single  branding  message  ensures  clarity  for  our  customers  and 
supports our strategy of operating as one holistic Treatt business. It 
also enables us to globalise key departments in order to maximise 
synergies  and  strengthen  our  customer  offering.  Due  to  its  unique 
offering as a supplier of specialist cosmetic ingredient solutions, the 
Earthoil  brand  will  continue  to  flourish  as  a  separate,  distinct,  and 
highly valued, brand in its own right.

ALIGNING OUR ORGANISATION
Our  procurement,  sales,  IT  and  finance  departments  are  now  truly 
global and the resultant benefits in the form of cost savings and the 
synergistic effect of teams working with clarity of direction and greater 
alignment  are  tangible.  The  fully  integrated  global  sales  structure 
enables greater focus on multi-national flavour, fragrance and FMCG 
customers.  Our  marketing  will  increasingly  be  focused,  which  has 
proven to be very effective this year with increasing press coverage 
in our targeted markets. Further improvements in the organisational 
focus and structure of the Group will be taking place in 2014. 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   07

Chief Executive Officer’s Report
continued

We have made good progress in developing positive cultural change 
and enhancing team spirit within the business, and this work, central 
to our strategy, will continue. 

the long term. This review currently remains a work in progress and 
no decisions have yet been made.

INNOVATION
It is vital that our colleagues feel empowered, fulfilled and motivated in 
their roles within the Group and we are taking further steps to create 
an environment where cutting edge innovation is both fostered and 
thrives. A significant aspect of this is that teams are working closer than 
ever across the Group and, with this much improved communication, 
new  product  development  and  innovation  is  being  market-driven 
to  create  more  innovative  products  with  greater  market  potential. 
Members  of  our  technical  team  are  increasingly  visiting  customers 
with our sales staff to provide essential technical support. Engaging 
with  counterparts  in  key  accounts  to  get  first-hand  feedback  from 
customers on our new innovations enables rapid fine tuning to meet 
customer needs.

To  illustrate  using  just  one  example  of  our  innovation  efforts,  we 
have  developed  a  range  of  products  targeted  towards  wellness 
applications.  The  arrival  of  Stevia  and  other  natural  non-nutritive 
sweeteners  in  the  marketplace  stimulated  us  to  take  another 
look  at  how  our  Treattaromes  might  be  used  in  combination  with 
natural  sweeteners.  Our  team  found  that  a  certain  mixture  of  our 
Treattarome®  essences  provided  sweet  flavour  notes  and  taste 
experience, and importantly masked the lingering Stevia taste with 
mellow softness. As we looked further into the different products in 
which  Stevia  is  used, we perceived a need for products that were 
more closely tailored to the needs of the application, carbonated soft 
drinks needing a different profile to still applications for example and 
other specialised versions were developed to broaden the scope of 
our product offerings.

ENHANCING CUSTOMER VALUE
We  have  engaged  with  our  customers  at  all  levels  to  determine 
how  Treatt’s  products  can  enhance  customer  value.  If  we  delight 
customers they return and, importantly, turn to us when they have 
new requirements. Building trust to build business has been a key 
element of our success; our strategy enables our teams to build and 
firm relationships for the long term.

Treatt USA and R C Treatt/Earthoil have built on last year’s success 
and continue to enjoy British Retail Consortium ‘A’ grade status, with 
fewer and fewer areas for improvement identified.

R C TREATT
Much  work  has  taken  place  in  the  UK  to  modernise  business 
practices  to  derive  efficiency  and  improve  productivity.  This  work 
continues into the current fiscal year. Management and their teams 
taking  ownership  of  business  improvement  processes  has  been 
particularly effective and the level of cross-departmental collaboration 
is  high.  Focus  on  key  areas  of  the  business  such  as  added-value 
specialty  manufactured  chemicals  has  delivered  pleasing  results  at 
accounts  which  provide  sustainable  value  for  the  business.  Lower 
performing products have been de-listed from our offering to enable 
greater focus on those products which bring more sustainable value 
to  our  business  and  this  work  continues.  Engagement  with  the 
strategy has been and continues to be very high.

A  review  of  Treatt’s  UK  site  has  been  under  consideration  by  the 
Directors  for  some  time.  The  Board  and  operations  management 
are  working  closely  to  ensure  that  we  make  the  right  investment 
decisions at the right time for the future of our business in order to 
ensure we have a fit for purpose UK manufacturing facility to improve 
efficiency across the business and drive value for our shareholders for 

TREATT USA
Treatt USA had a year of consolidation with an anticipated tougher 
year in key orange oil markets. Over-stocking of ingredients at some 
accounts and underperforming beverages at others led to lower than 
anticipated sales of specialty non-orange product ranges, negatively 
affecting  profitability.  However,  optimism  levels  remain  healthy  in 
the  business,  with  relationships  with  key  accounts  being  in  good 
shape. Good progress is also being made with some potential key 
accounts  which  are  receiving  much  attention  in  the  business.  The 
sales opportunity pipeline looks promising and this should translate 
into meaningful opportunities for the business in the next year or two.

EARTHOIL
I  am  pleased  to  report  that  Earthoil,  the  Group’s  niche  cosmetic 
ingredients business, had a record year and its third successive year of 
profitability. Again, the strategy guided the meaningful progress made 
with a greater focus on those customers who can bring sustainable 
business receiving increased focus and technical support. Important 
wins at new material accounts also enabled the business to perform 
well. In February we appointed our new Director of African Operations, 
Leopold Kerama, who is driving further efficiency improvements in our 
Kenyan manufacturing facilities as we develop our business. 

SUSTAINABILITY
I was privileged to visit our Earthoil facility in Kenya in August to witness 
first hand not only the excellent work being done by our teams but also 
the responsibility it shows towards the local community by assisting 
the farmers to organise themselves into a society (the Kenya Organic 
Oil  Farmers  Association)  so  that  they  are  properly  represented  and 
able to carry out communal projects. Through Fair for Life certification, 
we  pay  a  Fair  Trade  premium  for  the  products  we  purchase  into  a 
community fund to be used for projects as decided by the farmers 
and  workers  themselves.  So  far,  this  has  funded  scholarships  for 
seven  children  from  poor  families  to  attend  secondary  school  and 
there are plans afoot to build a social hall where farmers and workers 
can carry out educational and social activities.

OUTLOOK
Whilst the macro-economic situation is still fragile in many corners of 
the globe, we remain optimistic that the re-alignment and refreshment 
of our business through our strategy, coupled with healthy levels of 
consumer  goods  innovation,  most  notably  in  the  beverage  sector, 
will enable Treatt to continue on its path of progress with excitement 
and renewed determination. Challenges remain and we will not be 
complacent in this regard, but we look forward with confidence as 
a  business.  Importantly,  we  have  an  excellent  team;  empowered, 
motivated and equipped to deliver the results.

DAEMMON REEVE
Chief Executive Officer

KEY POINTS

New  strategy  with  greater  focus,  clarity  and  cost  control, 
aimed at accelerating underlying revenue growth  

Retention  of  meaningful  existing  business  and  maximising 
prospects for growth

Creating an environment for effective innovation

Enhanced customer value for improved profitability

08   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Financial 

Review

INCOME STATEMENT
The  Group’s  revenue  can  fluctuate  due  to  changes  in  product  mix 
and movements in raw material prices. Consequently whilst revenue 
for the year remained unchanged at £74.1m (2012: £74.0m), gross 
margins  (being  a  greater  driver  of  bottom  line  growth)  rose  from 
22.6% to 23.7%. This, together with tight control of costs, resulted in 
a healthy 23% increase in pre-exceptional operating profit of £1.3m 
to £6.9m (2012: £5.6m).

Exceptional costs in the year of £1.1m were incurred in connection 
with  shareholder-related  matters  and  professional  fees  relating  to 
the Earthoil earnout dispute. Excluding these costs, earnings before 
interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation for the year increased by 
20% to £8.3m (2012: £6.9m). Profit before tax after exceptional items 
of £1.1m rose by 15% to £5.1m (2012: £4.5m). Further information 
on the exceptional items is given in note 8.

The proposed total dividend for the year has been increased by 19.4% 
to  18.5p  per  share,  resulting  in  a  dividend  cover  of  2.4  times  pre-
exceptional earnings for the year and a rolling three year cover after 
exceptionals of 2.2 times. The Board’s policy is to maintain dividend 
growth on a consistent basis at between 2 and 2.5 times three year 
rolling cover with this year’s dividend representing an increase of 65% 
over the last five years. Basic earnings per share (adjusted to exclude 
exceptionals – see note 11) for the year increased by 26% to 43.2p 
(2012: 34.4p). The calculation of earnings per share excludes those 
shares  which  are  held  by  the  Treatt  Employee  Benefit  Trust  (EBT) 
since they do not rank for dividend, and is based upon profit after tax.

Whilst the Group’s functional currency is the British Pound (‘Sterling’) 
as explained below, the amount of business which is transacted in 
other currencies creates foreign exchange risk, particularly with the 
US Dollar and to a more limited extent with the Euro. During the year 
the  US  Dollar  fluctuated  considerably  but  ended  the  year  almost 
where  it  started  with  a  closing  balance  sheet  rate  of  $1.62  (2012: 
$1.61). As explained further in this report under ‘Treasury Policies’, 
the Group hedges its foreign exchange risk at R C Treatt by holding 
and managing US Dollar borrowings and taking out forward currency 
contracts. This can result in timing differences in the short term, giving 
rise to re-translation gains or losses in the income statement. This has 
resulted in a very small gain of £0.1m in 2013 compared to a gain of 
£0.3m in 2012. There was a currency loss of £0.2m (2012: loss of 
£0.3m)  in  ‘The  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income’  in  relation  to 
the Group’s investment in overseas subsidiaries, principally in respect 
of Treatt USA.

The  Group’s  net  finance  costs  for  the  year  increased  by  15%  to 
£0.7m (2012: £0.6m) as a result of higher levels of debt in H1, before 
cash flows then improved sharply in H2. As a consequence of the 
improvement  in  profitability,  interest  cover  for  the  year  improved  to 
10.6 times (2012: 9.9 times). 

As  part  of  the  Group’s  risk  management,  in  2011  R  C  Treatt  fixed 
$9m of US Dollar borrowings at 5.68% for ten years by way of an 
interest rate swap. This swap has been designated as a ‘hedge’ in 
accordance with IFRS and consequently any movements in the mark-
to-market  of  the  swap  are  taken  directly  to  equity.  At  the  balance 
sheet date, the fair value liability, net of deferred tax, of the swap was 
£0.5m (2012: £0.8m). 

Operating margins 
increased from 7.6% 
to 9.4% whilst costs 
were kept under 
tight control

Richard Hope
Finance Director

GROUP TAX CHARGE
The current tax charge of £1.5m (2012: £0.9m) represents an effective 
tax rate (based on profit before tax and exceptional items) of 26.5% 
(2012:  20.8%),  the  previous  year  having  benefitted  from  significant 
accelerated capital allowances in the US. The overall tax charge has 
increased by £0.3m to £1.7m (2012: £1.4m), resulting in an overall 
effective tax rate which was almost unchanged at 32% (2012: 31%). 
There were no significant adjustments required to the previous year’s 
tax estimates. With the current and deferred rates of tax continuing 
to fall in the UK until they reach an expected 20%, the Group’s overall 
effective tax rates are expected to fall for the next two years.

BALANCE SHEET 
Group shareholders’ funds grew by £1.4m (2012: £0.4m) in the year 
to £27.4m (2012: £26.0m), with net assets per share increasing by 
5.6% to £2.62 (2012: £2.48). Over the last five years, net assets per 
share have grown by 27%. Net current assets now represent 94% 
(2012: 80%) of shareholders’ funds. The Board has chosen not to 
avail  itself  of  the  option  under  IFRS  to  revalue  land  and  buildings 
annually and, therefore, all the Group’s land and buildings are held at 
historical cost, net of depreciation, in the balance sheet. It should be 
noted that net assets have been reduced by £0.6m (2012: £0.7m) as 
a result of shares held by the EBT, due to the accounting requirements 
for employee trusts. This impact will be reversed when these shares 
are used to satisfy employee share option schemes.

CASH FLOW
In 2013 Group net debt fell by £4.7m to £8.3m (2012: £12.9m) with 
a corresponding reduction in the level of gearing from 50% to 30%. 
The Group has a mix of secured and unsecured borrowing facilities 
totalling £19.9m, of which only £2.8m expire in one year or less. The 
Group’s borrowing facilities are held with HSBC, Bank of America and 
Lloyds Banking Group with the majority of facilities now held on three 
to five year terms with expiry dates staggered to fall in different years. 
The  Group  continues  to  enjoy  positive  relationships  with  its  banks 
and expects all facilities to be renewed without difficulty when they fall 
due. The reduction in cash tied up in working capital for the year was 
£2.4m largely due to an increase in trade creditors. Inventory levels 
for the Group increased by 3% to £23.7m (2012: £22.9m). This level 
of inventory, which is highly significant in cash terms, arises because 
as an ingredients specialist, Treatt takes many annual, and in some 
cases longer-term, contracts with customers as well as servicing the 
immediate spot needs of its diverse customer base. The success of 
the business has been built upon managing geographic, political and 
climatic risk of supply for our customers by judicious purchasing and 
inventory management to ensure continuity of supply and availability. 
Therefore it is part of the Group’s business model to hold significant 
levels of inventory, although only less than 5% is on average more 
than a year old.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   09

Financial Review
continued

The level of capital expenditure in the year was at the lower end of 
expectations  with  a  total  spend  of  £1.4m  compared  to  £2.7m  in 
2012. This was fairly evenly spread between the UK and US, being 
focused  primarily  on  added-value  investment  in  manufacturing 
processes to create improved capabilities and efficiencies, together 
with on-going investment in technical facilities to enhance the Group’s 
R&D  capabilities,  together  with  continuous  development  of  the  IT 
platforms and infrastructure. 

TREATT EMPLOYEE BENEFIT TRUST
During the year the Group continued its annual programme of offering 
share  option  saving  schemes  to  staff  in  the  UK  and  USA.  Under 
US  tax  legislation,  staff  at  Treatt  USA  are  able  to  exercise  options 
annually, whilst the UK schemes provide for three-year savings plans. 
In addition, 22,000 (2012: Nil) full market value options were granted 
to Directors and senior management. As part of these programmes, 
including the full market value options, options were granted over a 
total of 52,000 (2012: 52,000) shares during the year, whilst 40,000 
(2012:  47,000)  were  exercised.  The  Employee  Benefit  Trust  (EBT) 
currently  holds  217,000  shares  (2012:  256,000)  acquired  in  the 
market  in  order  to  satisfy  future  option  schemes  without  causing 
shareholder dilution. Furthermore, by holding shares in the EBT for 
some time before they are required to satisfy the exercise of options, 
it is expected that the current programme of employee share option 
schemes will be self-financing as the proceeds from share options 
which  vest  are  expected  to  exceed  the  original  cost  of  the  shares 
acquired.

FINAL SALARY PENSION SCHEME
The three-year actuarial review of the R C Treatt final salary pension 
scheme  was  carried  out  in  January  2012,  the  result  of  which  was 
that  the  company  agreed  to  maintain  contributions  at  their  current 
levels in order to eliminate the actuarial deficit by 2019. Despite this, 
the IAS 19, “Employee Benefits” pension liability, net of deferred tax, 
increased  in  the  year  from  £0.6m  to  £1.3m.  The  principal  cause 
of  this  increase  was  the  assumption  of  a  higher  rate  of  inflation  in 
the  future,  both  in  respect  of  CPI  and  RPI,  which  increased  gross 
liabilities by £1.9m.

Following consultation with members, it was agreed that the scheme 
would not be subject to any further accruals after 31 December 2012 
and instead members of the final salary pension scheme were offered 
membership  of  the  Company’s  defined  contribution  pension  plan 
with effect from 1 January 2013. As a consequence, a curtailment 
gain of £0.2m was recognised in last year’s financial statements. This 
means that the defined benefit scheme has now been de-risked as 
far as it is practicable and reasonable to do so.

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Group operates conservative treasury policies to ensure that no 
unnecessary risks are taken with the Group’s assets.

No investments other than cash and other short-term deposits are 
currently  permitted.  Where  appropriate  these  balances  are  held  in 
foreign  currencies,  but  only  as  part  of  the  Group’s  overall  hedging 
activity as explained below.

The nature of Treatt’s activities is such that the Group could be affected 
by movements in certain exchange rates, principally between Sterling 
and the US Dollar, but other currencies such as the Euro can have a 
material effect as well. This risk manifests itself in a number of ways.

Firstly, the value of the foreign currency net assets of Treatt USA and 
the overseas Earthoil companies can fluctuate with Sterling. Currently 
these are not hedged as the risks are considered insufficient to justify 
the cost of putting the hedge in place. 

Secondly, with R C Treatt exporting throughout the world, fluctuations 
in  Sterling’s  value  can  affect  both  the  gross  margin  and  operating 
costs.  Sales  are  principally  made  in  three  currencies  in  addition  to 
Sterling, with the US Dollar being the most significant. Even if a sale 
is made in Sterling, its price may be set by reference to its US Dollar 
denominated raw material price and therefore has an impact on the 
Sterling gross margin. Raw materials are also mainly purchased in US 
Dollars and therefore US Dollar bank accounts are operated, through 
which  US  Dollar  denominated  sales  and  purchases  flow.  Hence  it 
is  Sterling’s  relative  strength  against  the  US  Dollar  that  is  of  prime 
importance. 

As  well  as  affecting  the  cash  value  of  sales,  US  Dollar  exchange 
movements  can  also  have  a  significant  effect  on  the  replacement 
cost of stocks, which affects future profitability and competitiveness.

The Group therefore has a policy of maintaining the majority of cash 
balances, including the main Group overdraft facilities, in US Dollars 
and,  to  a  lesser  extent  in  Euros,  as  this  is  the  most  cost  effective 
means of providing a natural hedge against movements in exchange 
rates. Where it is more cost effective to do so, the Group will enter 
into  forward  currency  contracts  as  well.  Consequently,  during  the 
year forward currency contracts have been entered into which hedge 
part  of  R  C  Treatt’s  foreign  exchange  risk.  These  contracts  have 
been designated as formal ‘hedge’ arrangements, with movements 
in  mark-to-market  valuations  initially  taken  to  equity  and  re-cycled 
to  the  income  statement  to  match  with  the  appropriately  hedged 
currency receipts. Currency accounts are also run for the other main 
currencies to which R C Treatt is exposed. This policy will protect the 
Group against the worst of any short-term swings in currencies.

RICHARD HOPE
Finance Director

The steady improvement  
in Earthoil’s results is also  
very pleasing to report

10   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Directors’ Report

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Directors present their report and the audited financial statements 
for the Group for the year ended 30 September 2013.

RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS
The  results  of  the  Group  for  the  year  are  set  out  on  page  38.  
Profit  before  tax  for  the  year  excluding  exceptional  items  was 
£6,227,000 (2012: £5,060,000).

The Directors recommend a final dividend of 13.0p (2012: 10.4p) per 
ordinary share.

This,  when  taken  with  the  interim  dividend  of  5.5p  (2012:  5.1p)  
per share paid on 18 October 2013, gives a total dividend of 18.5p  
(2012: 15.5p) per share for the year ended 30 September 2013.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The Corporate Governance Statement on pages 18 to 22 forms part 
of this Directors’ Report.

DIRECTORS
The Directors of the Parent Company are shown on page 87. 

APPOINTMENT AND REPLACEMENT OF DIRECTORS
Rules about the appointment and replacement of Directors are set out 
in  the  Parent  Company’s  Articles  of  Association.  Further  details  are 
provided in the Corporate Governance Statement on page 19.

Details  of  the  Executive  Directors’  contracts  and  notice  periods 
are  given  in  the  Directors’  Remuneration  Report  on  page  29.  The 
Executive Directors’ contracts are terminable by the Group giving the 
required notice period of one year for the CEO and Finance Director, 
and two years for the HR Director who retires at the conclusion of the 
AGM in February 2014. 

In accordance with the Parent Company’s Articles of Association and 
as reported in the Corporate Governance Statement on page 19, in 
recognition of Provision B.7.1 of the UK Corporate Governance Code 
David Johnston retires by rotation and Jeff Iliffe retires, having been 
appointed during the year. Anita Haines is retiring from the Board as 
Human Resources Director but is standing for re-election as a Non-
executive Director. All three Directors, being eligible, offer themselves 
for  re-election.  The  Nomination  Committee  confirms  that  the 
individuals’ performances continue to be effective and to demonstrate 
commitment to the role, including commitment of time for Board and 
Committee meetings and any other duties.

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS IN SHARES
The interests of Directors in shares of the Parent Company are shown 
in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on page 33.

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDERS
In accordance with Rule 5 of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules 
of  the  Financial  Services  Authority,  the  Parent  Company  has  been 
notified of the following holdings of 3% or more of the voting rights 
at  5  December  2013  (the  latest  practicable  reporting  date  prior  to 
publication of this document).

Schroder Investment Management 
Discretionary Unit Fund Managers 
Henderson Volantis Capital 
Miton Capital Partners 
James Sharp Stockbrokers 
Barclayshare Stockbrokers 

Number 

%

1,703,269 
1,580,000 
841,859 
522,500 
345,711 
322,048 

16.59
15.39
8.20
5.09
3.37
3.14

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
No Director had an interest in any contract of significance during the 
year.  The  Group  has  procedures  in  place  for  managing  conflicts  of 
interests. If a Director becomes aware that they, or a connected party, 
have an interest in an existing or proposed transaction with the Group, 
they should notify the Company Secretary as soon as possible and 
before  the  next  meeting.  Directors  have  a  continuing  obligation  to 
update any changes to conflicts and the Board formally reviews them 
annually. 

DIRECTORS’ AND OFFICERS’ LIABILITY INSURANCE
The Group maintains Directors’ and Officers’ liability insurance which 
is reviewed annually. The insurance covers the directors and officers 
of  the  Parent  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  against  the  costs  of 
defending themselves in civil proceedings taken against them in their 
capacity as a director or officer of a Group company and in respect 
of damages or civil fines or penalties resulting from the unsuccessful 
defence of any proceedings.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Product innovation and research and development are a critical part of 
the Group’s strategy and business model as outlined in the strategic 
report on pages 16 to 17. The main research and development activity 
undertaken by the Group is in the area of new product development. 
The Group utilises its strong technical capabilities to develop innovative 
products that provide solutions for customers, particularly in the food 
and beverage area. In this way it seeks to make itself indispensable to 
a key group of major global multi-national companies. In the opinion 
of the Directors, continuity of investment in this area is essential for the 
maintenance of the Group’s market position and for future growth.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Information on the Group’s financial risk management objectives and 
policies and on the exposure of the Group to relevant risks in respect 
of financial instruments is set out in note 28 of the financial statements.

GOING CONCERN
The  Group’s  business  activities,  together  with  the  factors  likely  to 
affect its future development, performance and position are set out 
in the Chairman’s Statement, CEO’s Report and Financial Review on 
pages 6 to 10. 

In  determining  whether  the  Group  and  Parent  Company’s  financial 
statements can be prepared on a going concern basis, the Directors 
considered the Group’s business activities, together with the factors 
likely to affect its future development, performance and position. The 
review also included the financial position of the Group, its cash flows, 
and borrowing facilities. The key factors considered by the Directors 
were:

• 

• 

• 

• 

the  implications  of  the  challenging  economic  environment 
and  future  uncertainties  on  the  Group  revenues  and  profits  by 
undertaking forecasts and projections on a regular basis; 
the  impact  of  the  competitive  environment  within  which  the 
Group’s businesses operate;
the potential actions that could be taken in the event that revenues 
are worse than expected, to ensure that operating profit and cash 
flows are protected; and
the  Group’s  access  to  overdraft  facilities  and  committed  bank 
facilities to meet day-to-day working capital requirements. During 
the  period  all  the  Group’s  banking  facilities  which  were  due  for 
renewal have been renewed on either existing or improved terms. 
The Group also has in place a ten year fixed interest rate swap for 
$9m in order to protect (hedge) the Group against possible future 
increases in interest rates.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   11

 
Directors’ Report
continued

As at the date of this report, the Directors have a reasonable expectation 
that  the  Group  and  Parent  Company  have  adequate  resources  to 
continue  in  business  for  the  foreseeable  future.  Accordingly,  the 
financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis.

HEALTH AND SAFETY
The Group’s on-going investment in health and safety continued during 
the financial year and forms an integral part of the Group’s strategy, 
remaining at the forefront of all of our operations. Particular emphasis 
is placed upon continuous improvement by way of a comprehensive 
Safety  Management  System  designed  to  monitor  and  measure 
top  line  policies  and  procedures  and  a  range  of  key  indicators  are 
maintained and reported at every Board meeting. 

A  top  to  bottom  culture  of  safety  awareness  and  responsibility  is 
actively  promoted  and  a  training  programme  of  accredited  safety 
management and awareness courses is in place across the workforce 
to  help  underpin  the  efforts  of  the  health  and  safety  professionals 
already employed within the Group. 

Employee  health  and  well-being  is  monitored  and  dedicated  and 
bespoke support is provided where necessary. 

ENVIRONMENT
The  Group  is  committed  to  good  environmental  practice.  It  places 
importance on the impact of its operations on the environment and 
on ensuring that it operates and adopts responsible practices. Group 
performance  and  risk  reviews  are  undertaken  and  monitored  on  a 
regular basis and reported to the Board.

EnvironmEntal PErformancE and StratEgy
The  Group  has  for  a  long  time  managed  energy,  fuel  and  waste 
disposal  costs  with  the  aim  of  lessening  the  Group’s  environmental 
impact whilst reducing cost and improving efficiencies. In accordance 
with  The  Companies  Act  2006  (Strategic  Report  and  Directors’ 
Report)  Regulations  2013,  the  Group  is  now  required  to  report  its 
greenhouse gas emissions. The release of greenhouse gases, notably 
carbon  dioxide  generated  by  burning  fossil  fuels,  is  understood  to 
have an impact on global temperatures, weather patterns and weather 
severity, which can directly and indirectly affect the Group’s business. 
As a supplier of natural ingredients, adverse weather events can have 
an  effect  on  crop  yields  resulting  in  higher  commodity  prices  and 
limited supply. Examples of this have been seen in 2013 with a large 
freeze in Northern Argentina causing reduced yields of lemon oil and 
in 2004/5 when the Florida hurricanes caused significant reductions in 
crops of orange and grapefruit. 

EnvironmEntal imProvEmEntS in 2013
The  Group  continuously  evaluates  ways  of  reducing  its  impact  on 
the environment and during the year has implemented a number of 
improvements at each of its subsidiaries:

R C Treatt
•  new  refrigerant  systems  installed,  which  provide  lower  carbon 

• 

emissions;
the  introduction  of  variable  speed  drives  on  main  thermal  oil 
heaters, improving energy consumption;
the introduction of adaptive controls on main process chillers;

• 
•  cessation of the use of Hexane, reducing carbon emissions;
• 

re-use  of  aqueous/methanol  waste  by  the  waste  contractor 
through input in an anaerobic bio-digester.

Treatt USA
•  energy efficient LED lights with motion sensors installed in large 

cold and freezer boxes;

•  use  of  well  water  in  place  of  treated  city  water  for  water  pump 

• 

• 

seals; 
recycling  the  well  water  rather  than  sending  it  to  the  city  water 
sewage treatment;
installation  of  dust  collection  filters  for  tea  leaf  processing  to 
protect workers and the environment.

Earthoil
• 

installation  of  a  grease  trap  to  remove  grease  from  water 
discharged into the sewage system;

•  use of large capacity tanks to export oil to some customers rather 

than smaller drums. 

grEEnhouSE gaS EmiSSionS
The  Group  has  adopted  a  greenhouse  gas  reporting  policy  and  a 
management system based on the ISO 14064-1:2006 methodology, 
which  has  been  used  to  calculate  the  Group’s  Scope  1  and  2 
emissions  in  2013  for  activities  within  the  operational  control  of  the 
Group. It is not currently intended to report Scope 3 emissions.

In measuring the Group’s greenhouse gas emissions, the sales offices 
in the UK, France and China, in which a maximum of two staff are 
employed, have been excluded on the grounds of materiality on the 
basis that emissions from utility consumption, which is included in the 
rent,  are  estimated  to  be  less  than  a  materiality  threshold  of  5%  of 
overall Group emissions. Additionally, since the Earthoil India operation 
closed in January 2013 and the subsidiary primarily consisted of an 
office,  its  emissions  are  also  considered  to  be  immaterial.  Whilst 
the  majority  of  the  data  has  been  accurately  recorded  from  invoice 
information, since the timing of the implementation of the legislation 
has only recently been announced, some opening data for the year 
has not been recorded and estimates have been made on a pro-rated 
basis, an example being vehicle mileage. 

As  this  is  the  first  occasion  on  which  the  Group  has  reported  its 
greenhouse gas emissions, there is no comparable  data in respect 
of prior years.

Scope 1 – Direct CO2 emissions (tonnes CO2e) 

Scope 2 – Indirect CO2 emissions (tonnes CO2e) 

Total tonnes CO2e emissions 

gCO2e emissions per Kg of product shipped  

2013

1,428

2,617

4,045

408

Data included in this table has been independently verified by Carbon 
Credentials  Energy  Services  Ltd  and  is  covered  by  an  assurance 
report.  GHG  emissions  have  been  calculated  using  the  appropriate 
2013 DEFRA conversion factors. 

WaStE
Approximately  90%  of  Treatt  USA’s  refuse  goes  into  one  container 
which is picked up by a recycle company and separated into different 
recycle types. The remaining 10% composed of restroom and canteen 
refuse is collected by the local authority as required by law.

12   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
At  R  C  Treatt  certain  employees  throughout  the  business  are 
appointed as waste champions with additional responsibility for the 
reduction and efficient use of waste streams in their areas. All waste 
streams  in  the  UK  continue  to  work  towards  a  zero  land  fill  waste 
strategy. In addition, R C Treatt’s waste oil with a calorific value is sent 
for use as biomass, thereby further reducing the Company’s carbon 
footprint and eliminating disposal costs. 

Earthoil  Kenya  utilises  macadamia  nut  husks  as  a  biomass  fuel 
source, burning an average of 22,000kgs per month to produce heat 
for its distillation plant. As well as providing efficiencies in fuel costs 
and reducing waste from the facility, the use of this biomass has a net 
zero climate impact. 

WatEr
The  Group  has  decided  to  record  water  consumption  data  whilst 
recording  its  greenhouse  gas  emissions  in  order  to  gain  a  greater 
understanding of its environmental impact. The largest consumer of 
water  in  the  Group  is  Treatt  USA,  which  uses  large  quantities  in  its 
manufacturing processes and the cleaning of its specialist equipment. 
Due to its high consumption, Treatt USA recently replaced its closed 
loop  cooling  water  circuit  with  direct  cooling  from  deep  well  water 
on all still condensers. This well water is then recycled back into the 
aquifer via a second deep well. The system provides significant local 
environmental benefits as well as reduced energy usage.

The Group’s own crop growing area in Kenya uses rain water harvested 
in its own dam, a borehole and water pumped from a nearby river, for 
which it pays a small annual fee. It does not purchase any water from 
a water treatment company. 

In recording water consumption for the Group, the sales offices in the 
UK,  France  and  China  and  the  Earthoil  India  operation,  have  been 
excluded on the basis that water usage is included in the rent. Whilst 
the  majority  of  the  data  has  been  accurately  recorded  from  invoice 
information, some opening data for the year has not been recorded 
and estimates on consumption have been made on a pro-rata basis. 

As this is the first occasion on which the Group has reported its water 
consumption, there is no comparable data in respect of prior years.

Total water used (m³) 

Water efficiency (litres per Kg of product shipped) 

2013

39,708

4.00

Data included in this table has been independently verified by Carbon 
Credentials  Energy  Services  Ltd  and  is  covered  by  an  assurance 
report.

EMPLOYMENT POLICIES
The Group is committed to a policy of recruitment and promotion on 
the basis of aptitude and ability without discrimination. Applications for 
employment by disabled persons are given full and fair consideration 
for suitable vacancies, having regard to their particular aptitudes and 
abilities.  Where  a  person  becomes  disabled  while  in  the  Group’s 
employment a suitable position will be sought for that person within 
the Group where practical.

EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT
Meetings  are  held  with  employees  to  discuss  the  operations  and 
progress of the business and employees are encouraged to become 
involved in the success of the Group through share option schemes 
(see note 24). In particular, Executive Directors make half yearly results 
presentations to all employees and encourage questions and dialogue 
on any matters pertaining to the performance or activities within the 
Group.  In  addition,  the  Information  Exchange  Committee  (IEC)  at  
R C Treatt exists in order to encourage a further exchange of ideas 
and information between the Company and its employees. The IEC 
is chaired by the Human Resources Director and the members of the 
Committee are all employees below management level who represent 
all departments and areas of the business in the UK. Board members 
make a point of visiting all Group affiliates and regularly carry out site 
visits and tours, and thereby engage in meaningful discussions with 
employees  at  all  levels  within  the  organisation.  All-employee  bonus 
schemes, based on the performance of the business, remain in place.

STRUCTURE OF SHARE CAPITAL
As  at  30  September  2013,  the  Parent  Company’s  share  capital 
comprises  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of  10  pence  each.  
All  of  the  Parent  Company’s  issued  ordinary  shares  are  fully  paid 
up and rank equally in all respects. The rights attached to them, in 
addition  to  those  conferred  on  their  holders  by  law,  are  set  out  in 
the  Articles,  a  copy  of  which  can  be  obtained  on  request  from  the 
Company Secretary.

Details  of  the  issued  ordinary  share  capital  of  the  Parent  Company 
and movements during the year are set out in note 23 of the financial 
statements.  During  both  the  current  and  prior  period,  the  Parent 
Company did not issue any new shares.

RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER OF SECURITIES
There  are  no  restrictions  on  the  transfer  of  ordinary  shares  or  on 
the  exercise  of  voting  rights  attached  to  them,  except  (i)  where  the 
Parent Company has exercised its right to suspend their voting rights 
or  to  prohibit  their  transfer  following  the  omission  of  their  holder  or 
any  person  interested  in  them  to  provide  the  Parent  Company 
with  information  requested  by  it  in  accordance  with  Part  22  of  the 
Companies  Act  2006  or  (ii)  where  their  holder  is  precluded  from 
exercising  voting  rights  by  the  Financial  Services  Authority’s  Listing 
Rules or the City Code on Takeovers and Mergers.

RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF ORDINARY SHARES
On  a  show  of  hands  at  a  general  meeting  every  holder  of  ordinary 
shares present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote shall have 
one vote and on a poll, every member present in person or by proxy 
and entitled to vote shall have one vote for every ordinary share held. 
Subject to the relevant statutory provisions and the Articles, holders of 
ordinary shares are entitled to a dividend where declared or paid out 
of profits available for such purposes.

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
The powers of the Directors are conferred on them by UK legislation 
and  the  Articles  of  Association.  Changes  to  the  Articles  must  be 
approved by shareholders passing a special resolution at a general 
meeting.

POWERS  OF  THE  DIRECTORS  AND  PURCHASE  OF  OWN 
SHARES
At  the  forthcoming  Annual  General  Meeting  in  2014,  the  Parent 
Company  will  be  seeking  shareholder  authority  for  the  Directors’ 
to  purchase  up  to  10%  of  the  Parent  Company’s  ordinary  shares, 
although  at  present  the  Directors  have  no  plans  to  buy  back  any 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   13

 
 
Directors’ Report
continued

shares.  It  is,  however,  considered  prudent  to  have  the  authority  in 
place in order that the Parent Company is able to act at short notice if 
circumstances warrant. A resolution will also be proposed at the 2014 
Annual General Meeting, to give the Directors the power to issue new 
shares up to an amount of 33% of the existing issued share capital, in 
line with the latest institutional guidelines issued by the Association of 
British Insurers (ABI), of which 5% of the existing issued share capital 
can be issued by disapplying pre-emption rights. These authorities, if 
granted by shareholders at the Annual General Meeting, will expire at 
the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting in 2015. It is the Parent 
Company’s intention to seek renewal of these authorities annually.

TREATT EMPLOYEE BENEFIT TRUST (THE ‘EBT’)
The EBT holds ordinary shares in the Parent Company (acquired in 
the market) in order to meet obligations under the Group’s employee 
share  option  schemes.  No  shares  (2012:  100,000  shares)  were 
purchased by the EBT during the year ended 30 September 2013. 
The trustees have waived their voting rights and their right to receive 
dividends (other than 0.001 pence per share) in respect of the ordinary 
shares held by the trust. 

ANNUAL  GENERAL  MEETING  AND  RESTRICTIONS  ON 
VOTING DEADLINES
The Annual General Meeting of the Parent Company will be held at 
Treatt  plc,  Northern  Way,  Bury  St  Edmunds,  Suffolk,  IP32  6NL  on 
24  February  2014.  The  Notice  of  Meeting  and  explanatory  notes 
are given on pages 74 to 85. The notice of any general meeting will 
specify the deadline for exercising voting rights and appointing a proxy 
or proxies to vote in relation to resolutions to be proposed at a general 
meeting. The number of proxy votes for, against or withheld in respect 
of each resolution are announced and published on the Treatt website 
after the meeting.

AUDITORS
Baker  Tilly  UK  Audit  LLP  has  indicated  its  willingness  to  continue  
in office. On the recommendation of the Audit Committee, resolutions 
are  to  be  proposed  at  the  Annual  General  Meeting  for  the  re-
appointment  of  Baker  Tilly  UK  Audit  LLP  as  auditors  of  the  Parent 
Company and its subsidiaries, and to authorise the Board to fix their 
remuneration. The remuneration of the auditors for the year ended 30 
September 2013 is fully disclosed in note 5 to the financial statements.

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Directors’ Report, the 
Strategic Report, the Directors’ Remuneration Report, the Corporate 
Governance  Statement  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance 
with applicable law and regulations.

Company  law  requires  the  Directors  to  prepare  Group  and  Parent 
Company financial statements for each financial year. The Directors 
are required under the listing rules of the Financial Services Authority 
to prepare Group financial statements in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted by the European 
Union  (“EU”)  and  have  elected  under  company  law  to  prepare  the 
Parent  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  IFRS  as 
adopted by the EU.

The financial statements are required by law, and IFRS adopted by 
the EU, to present fairly the financial position of the Group and the 
Parent  Company  and  the  financial  performance  of  the  Group.  The 
Companies Act 2006 provides in relation to such financial statements 
that references in the relevant part of that Act to financial statements 
giving  a  true  and  fair  view  are  references  to  their  achieving  a  fair 
presentation.

14   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Under  company  law  the  Directors  must  not  approve  the  financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view 
of the state of affairs of the Group and the Parent Company and of the 
profit of the Group for that period. 

In  preparing  each  of  the  Group  and  Parent  Company  financial 
statements, the Directors are required to:

a.  select  suitable  accounting  policies  and  then  apply  them 

consistently;

b.  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

c.  state whether they have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs 

adopted by the EU;

d.  prepare  the  financial  statements  on  the  going  concern  basis 
unless  it  is  inappropriate  to  presume  that  the  Group  and  the 
Parent Company will continue in business.

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting 
records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the  Group’s  and 
the  Parent  Company’s  transactions  and  disclose  with  reasonable 
accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group and the Parent 
Company  and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  financial  statements 
and the Directors’ Remuneration Report comply with the Companies 
Act  2006  and,  as  regards  the  Group  financial  statements,  Article  4 
of the IAS Regulation. They are also responsible for safeguarding the 
assets of the Group and the Parent Company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other 
irregularities.

DIRECTORS’  STATEMENT  PURSUANT  TO  THE  DISCLOSURE 
AND TRANSPARENCY RULES
Each of the Directors, whose names and functions are listed in the 
Directors’ Report, confirms that, to the best of their knowledge:

a. 

the  financial  statements,  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRS  as 
adopted by the EU give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, 
financial  position  and  profit  of  the  Group  and  Parent  Company 
and  the  undertakings  included  in  the  consolidation  taken  as  a 
whole; and

b.  the Strategic Report contained in the annual report includes a fair 
review of the development and performance of the business and 
the  position  of  the  Group  and  the  undertakings  included  in  the 
consolidation taken as a whole together with a description of the 
principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

INFORMATION  

STATEMENT  AS  TO  DISCLOSURE  OF 
TO AUDITORS
The  Directors  who  were  in  office  on  the  date  of  approval  of  these 
financial  statements  have  confirmed,  as  far  as  they  are  aware, 
that  there  is  no  relevant  audit  information  of  which  the  auditors  are 
unaware. Each of the Directors have confirmed that they have taken 
all  the  steps  that  they  ought  to  have  taken  as  Directors  in  order  to 
make  themselves  aware  of  any  relevant  audit  information  and  to 
establish that it has been communicated to the auditors.

This report was approved by the Board on 6 December 2013.

ANITA STEER
Secretary

 
 
 
EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

1 Nomination Committee

2 Remuneration Committee

3 Audit Committee

dAEmmon REEvE
Chief Executive Officer

1

AniTA hAinEs
Human Resources Director

RiChARd hoPE
Finance Director

experience 

Daemmon  Reeve  has  extensive 
and 
industry 
knowledge, having been employed 
at  R  C  Treatt  &  Co  Limited,  the 
Group’s  UK  operating  subsidiary, 
from 1991 to 2010. During this time 
he  gained  widespread  experience 
in  technical,  operational,  sales  and 
purchasing  disciplines.  Daemmon 
was appointed CEO of Treatt USA 
in  July  2010  and  Group  CEO  in 
August 2012.

Anita  Haines  joined  R  C  Treatt  & 
Co  Limited  in  January  1988  as 
Company  Secretary  and  was 
appointed  Human  Resources  (HR) 
Manager  in  September  2000.  She 
was  appointed  HR  Director  of  the 
Group  in  October  2002.  Anita  will 
be  retiring  as  Human  Resources 
Director with effect from 24 February 
2014 and will be seeking re-election 
as a Non-executive Director. 

Richard  Hope  was  appointed 
Finance  Director  in  May  2003.  He 
qualified as a Chartered Accountant 
in 1990 at PricewaterhouseCoopers 
and was appointed a Fellow of the 
Institute of Chartered Accountants in 
England and Wales in 2010. Richard 
has  held  senior  finance  positions 
in 
value-added  manufacturing 
businesses for almost twenty years 
having  previously  worked  as  Head 
of Finance at Hampshire Cosmetics 
Limited from 1996 until 2003.

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

Tim JonEs

1

Chair

2

3

JEff iLiffE

1

2

3

Chair

dAvid JohnsTon

1

2

3

iAn nEiL

1

2

Chair

3

*

Jones 

is  Non-Executive 
Tim 
Chairman  of  Treatt,  having  joined 
the  Board  in  February  2012,  and 
is  CEO  and  Secretary  of  Allia.  He 
is  also  Non-Executive  Director 
and  Trustee  of  SkillsBridge,  a 
community  support  organisation. 
Tim’s 35-year career spans financial 
services, SME start-ups and social 
entrepreneurship.  He  has  worked 
across  the  US,  Middle  East  and 
Europe, with posts including Head 
of  Marketing  at  Royal  Insurance 
and European Managing Director at 
Direct Marketing Corporation. He is 
a Fellow of the Royal Society for the 
Arts, an Associate of the Chartered 
Insurance  Institute,  an  Associate 
Fellow at Saïd Business School and 
Entrepreneur-in-Residence  at  the 
Centre for Entrepreneurial Learning. 

Iliffe 

joined 

the  Board 

in 
Jeff 
February 2013 and is Chief Financial 
Officer and Director of Cambridge-
based  Abcam  Plc,  an  AIM  listed 
global  leader  in  the  supply  of  high 
quality  protein  research  tools.  He 
has  extensive  experience  of  the 
City,  industry  and  internet-based 
business.  Jeff  was  a  corporate 
financier at Panmure Gordon & Co. 
between  1989  and  1996,  during 
which  time  he  advised  Treatt,  and 
has  held  a  number  of  financial 
positions  at  companies  including 
Enviros Group Limited and Plethora 
listed 
Solutions  plc,  an  AIM 
company. Prior to joining Abcam in 
2007, he was Chief Financial Officer 
at  the  eCommerce  company  St 
Minver Ltd.

Dr. David Johnston was appointed 
to  the  Board  in  May  2011.  David 
has a PhD in Biochemistry and has 
worked  for  Firmenich,  one  of  the 
leading global flavour and fragrance 
companies  for  over  13  years  in  a 
variety  of  roles,  most  recently  as 
Vice  President  of  Innovation  and 
Design. David was also a member 
of  the  flavour  executive  team  at 
Firmenich  and  held  the  position 
of  Vice  President  of  the  European 
Flavour  Association.  David 
is 
currently  part  owner  of  Natural 
Taste Consulting.

Ian  Neil  was  appointed  to  the 
Board 
in  December  2009.  He 
was  with  International  Flavors  and 
Fragrances for 25 years in a variety 
of  international  management  roles, 
including  Vice  President  Europe, 
Africa  and  Middle  East  (“EAME”) 
Flavors.  Ian  is  currently  the  UK 
Director  of  Perfotec  BV,  a  Laser 
Micro  Perforation  provider  for  the 
fresh produce packaging industry.

* Senior Independent Director

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   15

Strategic Report

OVERVIEW
The Group is required to produce a strategic report complying with 
the requirements of The Companies Act 2006 (Strategic Report and 
Directors’ Report) Regulations 2013 (‘the Regulations’). 

We  are  clear  about  what  we  do  and  this  is  outlined  on  page  2.  
In serving the flavour, fragrance and consumer goods industries, we 
place a particular emphasis on the beverage market where many of 
our innovative ingredient solutions are used.

An overview of the Group’s strategy and business model is set out 
on  page  1,  and  together  with  the  Chairman’s  Statement,  CEO’s 
Report and Financial Review, on pages 6 to 10 form part of this Group 
Strategic Report. This incorporates a review of the Group’s activities, 
its business performance and developments during the year as well as 
an indication of likely future developments. 

The Board approved a new Group strategy in December 2012 and this 
was presented to all employees in the UK and US by the CEO during 
January 2013. Underpinning the strategy outlined on page 1, is a clear 
focus on delivering long-term and consistent growth in profitability by 
focusing on those customers and products which can bring Treatt long 
term sustainable value.

Our  business  model  is  designed  to  bridge  the  gap  between  the 
raw  material  and  providing  the  quality  ingredient  solutions  which 
our customers want. In doing so, we are increasingly leveraging our 
position as a key supplier to major global multi-national corporations. 
Key  to  the  success  of  our  business  model  is  our  experience  and 
knowledge of the ingredients we handle, and our focus on product 
innovation.

In order to deliver long-term sustainable profit growth, there are four 
key pillars to our strategy which support a focused sales approach:

•  QUALITY – we have an excellent reputation for delivering quality 
products but we are not complacent. We invest continuously in 
our quality control and assurance processes to ensure that our 
customers receive quality products, right first time.

•  COST  CONTROL  –  we  continually  bear  down  on  costs  and 
improve the efficiency of our business in order to deliver the best 
possible returns for shareholders. Where we can, we manage our 
costs globally in order to maximise our efficiency.

•  POSITIVE  CULTURE  –  we  strongly  believe  that  a  happy,  well-
motivated workforce is a more successful one. As part of strategy 
implementation, we have moved to ‘One Treatt’ and operate the 
business on a progressively global platform. A business is only as 
good as its people – we attract and promote the most talented 
people  to  drive  our  business  forward  and  foster  a  culture  of 
responsibility, accountability and openness.

•  HEALTH  &  SAFETY  –  this  is  the  number  one  priority  in  the 
business.  Without  a  safe  business  the  Group  cannot  exist.  We 
continuously train and re-train our staff to ensure that we operate 
best health and safety practices throughout the organisation.

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIs)1
KPIs have been set at Group level, having been devised to allow the Board and shareholders to monitor the Group as a whole, as well as the 
operating businesses within the Group. The Group has financial KPIs which it monitors on a regular basis at Board level and, where relevant, at 
operational executive management meetings as follows:

Growth in adjusted profit before tax 
Growth in adjusted basic earnings per share 
Net operating margin 
Return on capital employed2 
Average net debt to EBITDA 

2013 

23.1% 
25.6% 
9.4% 
19.4% 
1.28 

2012 

2011 

2010 

2009

(20.6%) 
(19.1%) 
7.6% 
14.4% 
1.52 

41.5% 
40.5% 
9.2% 
20.5% 
1.18 

28.6% 
23.6% 
7.7% 
14.6% 
1.65 

14.3%
25.9%
6.9%
12.3%
2.46

1 All KPIs are calculated excluding exceptional items
2 Return is defined as operating profit. Capital employed is defined as net assets plus net debt. Further explanation of the calculations is given on page 5.

In addition, the Board monitors a number of non-financial key performance indicators relating to health and safety and employee well-being  
as follows:

Number of reportable accidents across the Group 
Average number of sick days per employee 

2013 

3 
3.45 

2012

4
4.03

16   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Position 

Male  Female 

Total

Group Director 
Senior Manager 
Other Employees 
Total Employees 

6 
27 
186 
219 

1 
11 
78 
90 

7
38
264
309

SOCIAL, COMMUNITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES
The  Group  endeavours  to  impact  positively  on  the  communities  in 
which it operates. Earthoil in particular is committed to purchasing oils 
directly from source at a fair and sustainable price and works closely 
with  growers  in  under-developed  countries  through  Fair  for  Life  – 
Social and Fair Trade certification. 

Long  term  and  trusted  support  and  co-operation  has  also  been 
a  driver  for  positive  change  which  has  led  to  Earthoil’s  Kenyan 
Organic Oil Farmers Association (KOOFA) increasing from its initial 90 
members  to  now  well  over  500  producers.  In  addition,  Community 
funds provide further benefits to the farmers and their families, such 
as scholarships, and a project is currently underway to build a social 
hall for community activities.

Ethical  concerns  and  human  rights  issues  have  always  played  an 
important  role  in  Treatt’s  company  philosophy  and  the  Group’s 
ethical  and  social  accountability  statement  details  the  standards  of 
behaviour  which  Treatt  regards  as  acceptable.  Provision  of  a  safe, 
clean working environment, free from discrimination, coercion and the 
use of child or forced labour is a basic right of all employees, which 
Treatt expects of its business partners as a minimum standard. The 
Group is often audited by its customers to assess compliance with 
minimum  acceptable  standards,  including  ethical  and  human  rights 
considerations. 

This  strategic  report  was  approved  by  the  Board  on  6  December 
2013.

ANITA STEER
Secretary

RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The Group has provided in the Chairman’s Statement, CEO Report, 
Financial Review and the notes to the financial statements details of 
various risks and uncertainties it faces, which include:

• 

foreign exchange risk, particularly with regard to the US Dollar, as 
many of the Group’s raw materials are considered to be dollar-
denominated commodities;

•  credit risk in ensuring payments from customers are received in 

• 

full and on a timely basis;
legislative  and  regulatory  risk  as  new  requirements  are  being 
imposed  on  business  and  the  industries  with  which  the  Group 
are  involved,  for  example  the  European  REACH  (Registration, 
Evaluation, Authorisation and restriction of CHemicals) legislation;
•  movements in commodity and essential oil prices often caused 
by  unpredictable  weather  patterns  or  other  sudden  changes  in 
supply  or  demand,  for  example  the  impact  of  the  2004  Florida 
hurricanes on grapefruit oil prices, the 2008 movement in lemon 
oil prices, and the sharp rise and fall in orange oil prices between 
2010 and 2012.

The Group has taken appropriate steps to manage and control these 
risks, which include:

• 

the implementation of a foreign exchange risk management policy 
as explained in the Financial Review;

•  agreeing  appropriate  payment  terms  with  customers  including, 
where  necessary,  payment  in  advance  or  by  securing  payment 
through bank letters of credit;
taking  a  pro-active  and  leading  role  in  ensuring  the  Group’s 
systems and procedures are adapted to ensure compliance with 
new or changing legislative or regulatory requirements;

• 

•  ensuring that Group purchases of raw materials are based upon a 
well-researched understanding of the risks involved and ensuring 
that  appropriate  inventory  balances  are  held  in  order  to  meet 
future  demand,  whilst  not  holding  excessive  levels  which  may 
expose the Group to unnecessary levels of risk.

Group  risk  is  regularly  reviewed  at  Board  level  to  ensure  that  risk 
management is being implemented and monitored effectively.

The Group regularly reviews its commercial insurance programme and 
maintains an appropriate and adequate portfolio of insurance policies 
in line with the nature, size and complexity of the business.

The  Group  also  continues  to  have  in  place  a  ‘Business  Continuity’ 
team  whose  on-going  responsibility  is  to  assess  the  issues  which 
the Group would face should it experience a major and unforeseen 
disaster and to put in place a clear action plan as to how the Group 
would continue to operate successfully in such an event.

DIVERSITY
Appointments within the Group are made on merit according to the 
balance of skills and experience offered by prospective candidates. 
Whilst acknowledging the benefits of diversity, individual appointments 
are  made  irrespective  of  personal  characteristics  such  as  race, 
disability, gender, sexual orientation, religion or age. 

As  a  manufacturing  Group,  few  women  apply  for  positions  
within  the  production  areas.  However,  women  are  well  represented  
in  other  areas  of  the  business  and  account  for  29%  of  both  the 
Group  workforce  and  Group  senior  management  positions,  as  at  
30 September 2013. 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   17

Corporate Governance Statement

At Treatt there is a commitment to high standards of corporate 
governance throughout the Group and this is reflected in our governance 
principles, policies and practices. We believe that effective governance, 
not only in the boardroom but right across the business, ultimately 
produces a better business and supports long-term performance.

TIM JONES 
Chairman

COMPLIANCE  WITH  THE  UK  CORPORATE  GOVERNANCE 
CODE
The Board confirms that throughout the year ended 30 September 
2013 the Group has complied with the provisions set out in the UK 
Corporate  Governance  Code1,  except  for  clause  D1.5  in  that  one 
Executive  Director  (who  has  announced  their  intention  to  retire  as 
an  Executive  Director)  has  a  service  contract  which  provides  for 
two  years  notice.  This  non-compliance  will  no  longer  apply  from 
February  2014.  In  addition,  and  as  explained  in  the  Directors’ 
Remuneration  Report,  the  Board  does  not  fully  comply  with  D2.2,  
in that the remuneration of Group senior managers is determined by 
the Executive Directors as the Remuneration Committee believe that 
they are best placed to make this decision. However, remuneration 
proposals  in  respect  of  senior  managers  are  reviewed  by  the 
Remuneration Committee. The bonuses of all senior managers in the 
Group are approved by the Remuneration Committee.

to conduct board meetings, meetings of shareholders and to ensure 
that  all  Directors  are  properly  briefed  in  order  to  take  a  full  and 
constructive  part  in  Board  discussions.  The  Chairman  has  regular 
contact with the Non-executive Directors without the presence of the 
Executive Directors. Concerns relating to the executive management 
of the Group or the performance of the other Non-executive Directors 
may be raised with the Senior Independent Director, who is Ian Neil.

The Board meets at least five times each year and more frequently 
where  business  needs  require,  with  attendance  in  person  or  by 
video  conference  required  at  each  meeting.  In  addition  regular 
contact is maintained by email and telephone with written updates 
provided in respect of on-going issues, enabling regular input from 
all  Board  members.  On  a  bi-annual  basis  a  Board  meeting  is  held  
at the Group’s US subsidiary, Treatt USA, to enable closer interaction 
of the Non-executive Directors with the senior management and staff. 

The Board is accountable to the Parent Company’s shareholders for 
good governance and the statement set out below describes how 
the principles identified in the UK Corporate Governance Code are 
applied by the Group.

The  Directors  consider  the  annual  report  and  financial  statements, 
taken  as  a  whole  to  be  fair,  balanced  and  understandable  and 
provides  the  information  necessary  for  shareholders  to  assess  the 
Group’s performance, business model and strategy.

The terms of reference of all the Committees can be found on the 
Treatt website at www.treatt.com.

LEADERSHIP
Details of the Directors who served during the year, the positions they 
hold,  and  the  Committees  of  which  they  are  members  are  shown 
on  page  15.  The  Board  consists  of  four  Non-executive  Directors, 
of  which  Tim  Jones  is  chairman,  and  three  Executive  Directors,  of 
which Daemmon Reeve is Chief Executive Officer. Anita Haines will 
retire as an Executive Director at the conclusion of the Annual General 
Meeting and is standing for re-election as a Non-executive Director. 

There is a clear division of responsibility between the Chief Executive 
Officer, who is required to develop and lead business strategies and 
processes to enable the Group’s business to meet the requirements of 
its shareholders, and the Chairman who is responsible for leadership 
of  the  Board  and  ensuring  that  appropriate  conditions  are  created 
to  enable  the  Board  to  be  effective  in  providing  entrepreneurial 
leadership to the company. The key functions of the Chairman are 

1  A copy of the UK Corporate Governance Code can be obtained from www.frc.org.uk

18   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Day to day management of the Group is delegated to the Executive 
Directors.  However  the  Board  has  a  schedule  of  matters  reserved 
to  it  for  decision  and  the  requirement  for  Board  approval  on  these 
matters is communicated widely throughout the senior management 
of  the  Group.  These  matters,  which  are  reviewed  periodically, 
include material capital commitments, commencing or settling major 
litigation,  business  acquisitions  and  disposals,  appointments  to 
subsidiary company boards and dividend policy. 

To  enable  the  Board  to  function  effectively  and  Directors  to 
discharge  their  responsibilities,  full  and  timely  access  is  given  to  
all relevant information. In the case of board meetings, this consists of 
a comprehensive set of papers, including regular business progress 
reports  and  discussion  documents  regarding  specific  matters. 
Board  meetings  are  of  sufficient  duration  to  enable  debate  and 
discussion ensuring adequate analysis of issues during the decision 
making process. Further opportunity for more informal and extended 
discussion is provided at Board lunches which take place after every 
Board  meeting  and  also  provide  the  Board  with  an  opportunity  to 
meet members of staff, who are invited to attend.

There  is  an  agreed  procedure  for  Directors  to  take  independent 
professional advice if necessary and at the Group’s expense. This is 
in addition to the access which every Director has to the Company 
Secretary. The Secretary is charged by the Board with ensuring that 
Board procedures are followed and that there are good information 
flows  within  the  Board  and  its  Committees  and  between  senior 
management and Non-executive Directors.

EFFECTIVENESS
The  Directors  believe  that  the  Board,  having  been  refreshed  in  
2011,  2012  and  2013,  has  an  appropriate  balance  of  skills  and 
experience  with  financial,  technical,  industry  specific  and  general 
business disciplines being represented. The structure of the Board 
ensures  that  no  one  Director  is  dominant  in  the  decision-making 
process  and  that  open  debate  and  discussion  is  encouraged. 
There  is  a  suitable  balance  between  the  number  of  Executive  
and Non-executive Directors. 

The  importance  of  a  diverse  board,  including  gender  diversity 
which  has  been  the  subject  of  recent  debate  in  respect  of  board 
composition,  is  recognised  and  supported  by  the  Directors  of 
Treatt plc. The Board is conscious of the benefits of diversity in the 
boardroom and within management positions within the Group. Our 
policy is to recruit the best possible candidate for each individual role 
having  regard  to  qualifications,  experience  and  personality,  without 
prejudice to a candidate’s characteristics. 

The  Board  considers  that  all  the  Non-executive  Directors  are 
independent of management and free of any relationship which could 
materially interfere with the exercise of their independent judgement. 
In accordance with the UK Corporate Governance Code, in the event 
of  her  re-election  as  a  Non-executive  Director  in  February  2014, 
Anita Haines will not be regarded as independent as defined by the 
code, having just retired as an Executive Director. None of the Non-
executive Directors have a significant interest in the shares of Treatt 
plc and all receive a fixed fee for their services. However, in exceptional 
circumstances,  where  significant  additional  time  commitment  is 
required,  a  Non-executive  Director  may,  if  approved  by  the  Board 
or Remuneration Committee as required, be paid an additional fee. 
The Board is satisfied that the Chairman’s other commitments do not 
detract from the extent or the quality of the time which he is able to 
devote to the Group.

NOMINATION COMMITTEE
Members  of  the  Nomination  Committee  throughout  the  year  are 
shown on page 87. The Nomination Committee’s principal remit is 
to  consider  the  appointment  or  retirement  of  Directors,  to  review 
proposed nominations, and make recommendations thereon to the 
Board.

Appointments  to  the  Board  of  both  Executive  and  Non-executive 
Directors  are  considered  by  the  Nomination  Committee,  which 
consults with Executive Directors and ensures that a wide range of 
candidates are considered. The Committee considers the skills mix of 
the serving Directors to identify potential gaps or areas where increased 
strength is required. In accordance with Treatt’s Board Diversity Policy 
and having recognised the benefit of having an appropriate level of 
diversity  on  the  Board  to  support  the  achievement  of  its  strategic 
objectives, the Committee also considers the benefits of all aspects 
of diversity, including but not limited to, race, disability, gender, sexual 
orientation,  religion,  belief,  age  and  culture.  The  recommendations 
of the Nomination Committee are ultimately made to the full Board 
which considers them before any appointment is made. 

During the year Jeff Iliffe was appointed as a Non-executive Director. 
It  had  been  recognised  that  following  the  change  of  Chairman  in 
2012, financial skills and city experience were under-represented on 
the Board amongst the Non-executive Directors and a Non-executive 

Director  with  those  skills  was  sought  to  bridge  the  gap.  Although 
the role was not openly advertised, a number of applications were 
received and considered. Jeff Iliffe, who had previously worked with 
Treatt when he was at Panmure Gordon & Co. between 1989 and 
1996, attended a series of interviews with the Nomination Committee 
and  subsequently  the  Executive  Directors.  Following  satisfactory 
completion of this process, the appointment was approved by the 
full Board. 

Upon  appointment,  Directors  are  provided  with  access  to  an 
appropriate external training course and to advice from the Group’s 
solicitors  in  respect  of  their  role  and  duties  as  a  public  company 
director. Where they have significant relevant experience for the role, 
training may be felt to be unnecessary. In addition, all new Directors 
receive an induction to acquaint them with the Group. This takes the 
form of site tours, meetings with other Board members and senior 
management and the provision of an induction pack, which contains 
general information about the Group, its structure and key personnel, 
together  with  copies  of  relevant  policies  and  procedures,  financial 
information and briefings on Directors’ responsibilities and corporate 
governance. 

The  Nomination  Committee  is  also  responsible  for  the  annual 
evaluation of the Board, its committees and its Directors. During the 
year an evaluation of the Board, its committees and each individual 
Director is carried out internally, with the assistance of the Company 
Secretary,  as  the  Board  believes  it  has  the  appropriate  resources 
and experience to undertake the reviews. The Board and committee 
reviews  are  conducted  under  the  supervision  of  the  appropriate 
Chairman.  The  Board  evaluation  process  involved  completion,  by 
each Board member, of a comprehensive anonymous questionnaire 
designed to evaluate each of the essential components of an effective 
board.  The  results,  which  were  benchmarked  against  the  previous 
year’s evaluation, demonstrated that performance is effective overall. 
These  results  were  reported  to  the  Committee  and  action  points 
agreed to further improve performance.

The performance of individual Directors is evaluated by the Chairman, 
in conjunction with the Chief Executive Officer in the case of other 
Executive  Directors.  The  Chairman  is  evaluated  by  the  Chief 
Executive  Officer  and  Senior  Independent  Director.  The  process 
includes individual performance meetings, at which past performance 
is discussed and evaluated and future objectives established. In the 
event  that  training  and  development  needs  are  identified  during 
the evaluation process, suitable resources or training are provided. 
During the course of the year, the Board has undertaken training on 
corporate governance provided by an external trainer, specialising in 
board support.

Any  Director  appointed  during  the  year  is  required,  under  the 
provisions of the Articles of Association, to retire and seek election by 
shareholders at the next Annual General Meeting. The Articles also 
require that one third of the Directors retire by rotation each year and 
seek re-election at the Annual General Meeting provided always that 
all directors must be subject to re-election at intervals of no more than 
three years. Any Non-executive Director having been in post for nine 
years or more, is subject to annual re-election. The Directors required 
to retire are those in office longest since their previous re-election.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   19

Corporate Governance Statement
continued

AUDIT COMMITTEE
ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES
The main responsibilities of the Audit Committee (“the Committee”) are: 
•  to  monitor  the  integrity  of  the  annual  report  of  the  Group  and  to 
review  and  report  to  the  Board  on  significant  financial  reporting 
issues and judgements which it contains, having regard to matters 
communicated to it by the auditor;

•  to  review  the  content  of  the  annual  report  and  advise  the  Board 
on whether, taken as a whole, it presents a balanced assessment 
of the Group’s position and provides the information necessary for 
shareholders to assess the Group’s performance, business model 
and strategy;

•  to  oversee  the  relationship  with  the  auditor,  including  making 
recommendations to the Board on their appointment, remuneration 
and  terms  of  engagement.  The  Committee  also  monitors  their 
independence  and  objectivity,  and  sets  the  policy  for  non-audit 
work;

•  to make recommendations to the Board on the requirement for an 

internal audit function; and

•  to ensure that procedures are in place whereby staff of the Group 
may,  in  confidence,  raise  concerns  about  possible  improprieties 
in matters of financial reporting or other matters. The Committee 
has arrangements in place for the proportionate and independent 
investigation of such matters and for appropriate follow-up action.

ACTIVITIES SINCE THE LAST REPORT
•  the composition of the Committee was reviewed and on appointment 
to  the  Board  in  February  2013  Jeff  Iliffe  was  invited  to  join  as 
Chairman. Jeff is deemed by the Board to have significant, recent 
and  relevant  financial  experience.  He  is  a  Chartered  Accountant 
with over 20 years experience in the financing and management of 
companies, both in the City and in industry;

•  a  review  of  the  Committee’s  terms  of  reference  was  undertaken 
and  revisions  made  to  reflect  the  current  responsibilities  of  the 
Committee;

•  a  review  of  the  requirement  for  an  internal  audit  function  was 
undertaken.  Given  the  structure  of  the  Group,  and  the  level  of 
control exercised by the management team, the establishment of a 
formal internal audit function was not considered to be necessary 
at present. As the Group develops, the need for such a function will 
be kept under review;

•  the  Committee  met  with  the  auditor  to  agree  the  scope  of  audit 

work to be undertaken and agree the audit fee;

•  a review of the auditor’s performance was undertaken, to ensure 
that  they  remain  objective  and  independent,  and  to  assess  the 
effectiveness of the audit; 

•  the  Group’s  annual  report  for  2013  was  reviewed  to  ensure  that 
taken as a whole, it was fair, balanced and understandable. This 
included  consideration  of  a  report  from  the  auditor  on  their  audit 
and review of the financial statements; and

•  the policy for the engagement of the external auditor for non-audit 
related services was reviewed together with an assessment of its 
implementation during the year.

FINANCIAL REPORTING
Amongst  the  matters  considered  by  the  Committee  were  the  key 
accounting issues, matters and judgement in relation to the Group’s 
2013 annual report and financial statements relating to:
•  the  presentation  of  the  financial  statements  and  in  particular  the 
treatment of exceptional items in respect of legal and professional 
fees relating to the Earthoil contract dispute, and advisory fees and 

20   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

other costs incurred to support the Group in discussions with the 
Bovill family shareholders and related matters;

•  the treatment of the contingent consideration included within the 

investment of the Earthoil Group;

•  the level of provisions made against the carrying value of inventories; 

and

•  the  estimation  of  taxable  profits  in  the  jurisdictions  in  which  the 

Group operates to support the current tax liability. 

After  due  challenge  and  debate  the  Committee  was  content  that 
the  assumptions  made  and  judgements  applied  in  these  areas, 
which  where  possible  are  supported  by  external  advice  or  other 
corroborative  evidence,  are  reasonable  and  therefore  agreed  with 
management recommendations.

The  Committee  also  reviewed  compliance  with  the  additional 
disclosure requirements recently introduced for companies reporting 
on  financial  years  ending  on  or  after  30  September  2013,  which 
the  Group  is  reporting  on  for  the  first  time.  This  included  changes 
to  the  reporting  on  Directors’  remuneration  and  the  introduction  of 
the  remuneration  policy,  the  new  strategic  report  and  reports  on 
greenhouse gas emissions and gender diversity.

MEMBERSHIP AND MEETINGS
Members of the Audit Committee throughout the year are shown on 
page 87. The Committee has met twice since the approval of the 2012 
financial statements. The auditor attended these meetings other than 
when  their  appointment  or  performance  was  being  reviewed.  The 
Chief Executive Officer, Finance Director and other senior finance staff 
attend  as  and  when  appropriate.  The  Committee  has  discussions 
at  least  once  a  year  with  the  auditor  without  management  being 
present.  Furthermore  the  Committee  Chairman  meets  informally 
with,  and  has  access  to,  the  Finance  Director  to  discuss  matters 
considered relevant to the Committee’s duties.

EXTERNAL AUDITOR
The  Committee  has  oversight  of  the  relationship  with  the  external 
auditor and is responsible for monitoring the auditor’s independence, 
regulatory 
objectivity  and  compliance  with  professional  and 
requirements. The incumbent auditors, Baker Tilly UK Audit LLP, were 
invited to submit a full audit tender in 2009 and were reappointed, on 
an annual rolling contract but with a long-term agreement on fees, 
on the basis of their proposal. During the year the Committee has 
monitored  Baker  Tilly’s  effectiveness  and  performance  and  were 
satisfied  that  Baker  Tilly  were  providing  the  audit  services  agreed. 
The Committee has therefore recommended to the Board that Baker 
Tilly be reappointed in 2014.

The  level  of  non-audit  fees  and  their  effect  on  the  auditor’s 
independence  or  objectivity  is  also  considered  on  a  regular  basis. 
The split between audit and non-audit fees for the year under review 
appears in note 5. Non-audit fees are generally paid mainly in respect 
of tax compliance services and advice on share schemes. The Group 
has a policy to ensure that the provision of such services does not 
impair their independence or objectivity and when considering the use 
of the auditor to undertake non-audit assignments, management give 
consideration at all times to the provisions of the FRC Guidance on 
Audit Committees with regard to the preservation of independence.

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE
The Remuneration Committee’s primary responsibility is to determine 
the  remuneration  of  the  Executive  Directors  of  the  Group  ensuring 
that  there  is  a  sufficient  balance  between  the  levels  of  ordinary 
remuneration  and  performance-related  elements  designed 
to 
promote the Group’s long term success.

Full  details  of  the  Directors’  remuneration  and  a  statement  of  the 
Group’s remuneration policy are set out in the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report appearing on pages 23 to 35. Members of the Remuneration 
Committee  throughout  the  year  are  shown  on  page  87.  The  Chief 

Executive Officer attends meetings of the Remuneration Committee 
to  discuss  the  performance  of  the  other  Executive  Directors  and 
make  proposals  as  necessary,  but  is  not  present  when  his  own 
position is being discussed.

Each  Executive  Director  abstains  from  any  discussion  or  voting  at 
full Board meetings on Remuneration Committee recommendations 
where  the  recommendations  have  a  direct  bearing  on  their  own 
remuneration  package.  The  details  of  each  Executive  Director’s 
individual package are fixed by the Committee in line with the policy 
adopted by the full Board.

ACCOUNTABILITY
The  Board  is  responsible  for  reviewing  and  approving  the  annual  report  and  financial  statements,  the  half  year  results  and  other  financial 
statements made to ensure they present a balanced assessment of the Group’s position. Drafts of all financial releases are provided to the 
Board in a timely manner and Directors’ feedback is discussed and incorporated where appropriate, prior to publication.

ATTENDANCE AT MEETINGS
The members of the Board during the year and its Committees, together with their attendance, are shown below:

Board 

Audit  
Committee  

Nomination 
Committee 

Remuneration
Committee

Number of meetings held in year 

Daemmon Reeve 
Chief Executive Officer 

Anita Haines
Human Resources Director 

Richard Hope
Finance Director 

6 

6 

6 

6 

Tim Jones 
Non-executive Director and Chairman 

6 
Chairman 

2 

N/A 

N/A 

N/A 

2 

Jeff Iliffe 
Non-executive Director from 25 February 2013 

David Johnston 
Non-executive Director 

Ian Neil 
Senior Independent Non-executive Director 

Peter Thorburn 
Non-executive Director until 25 February 2013 

5 

6 

6 

1 

1 
Chairman

2 

2 
Chairman (1) 

1 

3 

3 

N/A 

N/A 

3 
Chairman 

2 

3 

3 

1 

5

N/A

N/A

N/A

5

4

5

5
Chairman

1

As  permitted  by  the  Parent  Company’s  Articles  of  Association,  Directors  may  participate  in  the  minuted  decisions  via  telephone  or  video 
communication where it is impractical for them to attend in person. 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   21

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance Statement
continued

FINANCIAL AND INTERNAL CONTROL
The  Board  confirms  that  a  process  for  the  on-going  identification, 
evaluation and management of significant risks faced by the Group 
has been in place throughout the year and to the date of approval 
of  this  report,  which  complies  with  the  guidance  ‘Internal  Control: 
Guidance  to  Directors’  (“the  Turnbull  guidance”).  The  process  is 
subject to regular review by the Board and there were no significant 
internal control issues identified during the year.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
The  Group  operates  on  a  common  centrally  managed  computer 
platform. This provides common reporting and control systems and 
the ability to manage and interrogate businesses remotely. However, 
there are associated risks with having the entire group IT systems on 
a common platform, such as IT security, access rights and business 
continuity.  These  risks  are  mitigated  by  an  on-going  focus  on  IT 
security through a process of continuous investment in IT facilities.

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  Group’s  system  of  internal 
control, the effectiveness of which is reviewed by them annually. This 
covers  all  controls  including  those  in  relation  to  financial  reporting 
processes  (including  the  preparation  of  consolidated  accounts).  In 
addition  to  monitoring  reports  received  via  the  Executive  Directors 
they  consider  the  risks  faced  by  the  Group,  whether  the  control 
systems  are  appropriate  and  consult  with  internal  and  external 
experts  on  environmental,  insurance,  legal  and  health  and  safety 
compliance.  However,  such  a  system  can  only  provide  reasonable 
but  not  absolute  assurance  against  material  misstatement  or  loss. 
The  key  procedures  that  the  Directors  have  established  to  provide 
effective internal controls are as follows:

FINANCIAL REPORTING
A  detailed  formal  budgeting  process  for  all  Group  businesses 
culminates  in  an  annual  Group  budget  which  is  approved  by  the 
Board.  Results  for  the  Group  and  its  main  constituent  businesses 
are reported monthly against the budget to the Board and revised 
forecasts  for  the  year  are  prepared  through  the  year.  The  Group 
uses  a  standardised  consolidation  system  for  the  preparation  of 
the  Group’s  monthly  management  accounts,  half  year  and  annual 
consolidated  financial  statements,  which  is  subject  to  review  by 
senior management throughout the consolidation process.

The  Board  monitors  the  integrity  of  all  financial  announcements 
released by the Group, ensuring that, among other things, appropriate 
accounting  standards  and  policies  are  applied  consistently,  that 
all  material  information  is  presented  and  that  the  disclosures  are 
accurate. 

FINANCIAL AND ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
Financial controls and accounting policies are set by the Board so as 
to meet appropriate levels of effective financial control. Compliance 
with  these  policies  and  controls  is  reviewed  where  necessary  by 
external auditors.

CAPITAL INVESTMENT
The  Group  has  clearly  defined  guidelines  for  capital  expenditure. 
These  include  annual  budgets,  appraisal  and  review  procedures, 
and levels of authority. Post-investment appraisals are performed for 
major investments.

RISK ASSESSMENT AND INFORMATION
Operational management in conjunction with the Executive Directors, 
who  report  regularly  to  the  Board,  are  responsible  for  identification 
and evaluation of significant risks applicable to their area of business 
and the design and operation of suitable internal controls. Details of 
the principal risks associated with the Group’s activities are given in 
the Strategic Report on page 17.

RELATIONS WITH SHAREHOLDERS
The Group places a great deal of importance on communication with 
its shareholders. The Parent Company mails to all shareholders its full 
annual report and financial statements. This information, together with 
the quarterly interim management statements, half yearly statements 
and other financial announcements, is also available on the Group’s 
website and, upon request, to other parties who have an interest in 
the Group’s performance. 

There is regular dialogue with individual institutional and other major 
shareholders  as  well  as  presentations  after  the  half  and  full  year 
results.  The  views  of  major  shareholders  are  communicated  and 
discussed  at  Board  meetings  and  Non-executive  Directors  may 
request meetings with major shareholders should they wish to do so 
and vice versa. All shareholders have the opportunity to put questions 
at the Parent Company’s Annual General Meeting.

This report was approved by the Board on 6 December 2013.

ANITA STEER
Secretary

22   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Directors’ Remuneration Report

ANNUAL STATEMENT
INTRODUCTION
As  Chairman  of  the  Remuneration  Committee,  I  am  pleased  to 
present our report on Directors’ remuneration. 

This report has been prepared in accordance with the new legislation 
relating to the reporting of Directors’ remuneration and complies with 
the  Companies  Act  2006  (‘the  Act’)  and  Schedule  8  of  the  Large 
and Medium-sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) 
Regulations 2008 (the ‘Regulations’), as amended. The report also 
meets the relevant requirements of the Listing Rules of the Financial 
Conduct  Authority  and  describes  how  the  Board  has  applied  the 
Principles of the UK Corporate Governance Code relating to Directors’ 
remuneration. In accordance with the Act, the Remuneration Report is 
now divided into two sections, a Remuneration Policy Report, which 
describes  our  approach  to  remuneration,  and  an  Implementation 
Report, which details the remuneration paid to the Directors during 
the financial year under review. The Remuneration Policy Report and 
the Implementation Report will be put to binding and advisory votes 
respectively  at  the  AGM  of  the  Parent  Company  on  24  February 
2014.

2013 PERFORMANCE
As  detailed  elsewhere  in  this  report,  the  Group  performed  well  in 
2013,  meeting  upwardly  revised  expectations  for  adjusted  pre-
tax  profit  and  earnings  per  share.  The  Group’s  new  strategic  plan, 
although  only  approved  in  late  2012,  showed  some  early  signs  of 
success, contributing towards the year’s result. The base salaries of 
Anita Haines and Daemmon Reeve were increased with effect from 1 
October 2013 by 1% and 2.7% respectively, in line with the increases 
received  by  staff  generally.  The  base  salary  of  Richard  Hope  was 
increased by 8% following the identification of a misalignment with 
benchmarking data relative to other Fledgling Index companies. 

REMUNERATION POLICY
The  aim  of  our  remuneration  policy  is  to  attract  and  retain 
appropriately  skilled  and  experienced  Directors  with  the  ability  to 
deliver  the  Group’s  strategic  objectives  and  obtain  good  returns 
for  shareholders  in  accordance  with  the  Group’s  values.  This  may 
be achieved through an appropriate combination of salary, benefits 
and  performance-related  longer  term  incentives,  which  align  the 
interests of Directors with shareholders. Following consultation with 
the  Group’s  major  shareholders,  a  share  retention  policy  has  been 
adopted by the Board which imposes a shareholding requirement of 
200% of salary on the Chief Executive Officer and 150% of salary on 
the Finance Director. 

The Committee believes that this policy is aligned with our business 
strategy  outlined  elsewhere  in  this  report.  The  Committee  is  also 
satisfied that within the remuneration policy, and particularly in respect 
of  the  setting  of  performance  targets,  there  is  a  sufficient  balance 
between encouraging entrepreneurial behaviour without encouraging 
excessive risk-taking. 

In a departure from provision D2.2 of the UK Corporate Governance 
Code, the remuneration of Group senior management is determined 
by  the  Executive  Directors  since  the  Board  believes  that  the 
Executive Directors are best placed to make this decision. However, 
remuneration proposals in respect of senior managers are reviewed 
and  monitored  by  the  Committee  to  ensure  consistency  and 
proportionality. The bonuses of all senior managers in the Group are 
approved by the Committee.

DECISIONS MADE DURING THE YEAR
In  line  with  its  terms  of  reference,  the  following  key  matters  were 
considered by the Committee during the year: 

• 

•  approval of the 2012 Directors’ Remuneration Report; 
•  agreement of the bonuses payable for the 2012 financial year;
•  grant  of  share  options  to  directors  under  the  Treatt  2005 
Approved  and  Unapproved  Share  Option  Schemes  and  the 
setting of performance conditions; 
review  of  the  remuneration  policy  and  the  remuneration 
arrangements for the Executive Directors and Chairman; 
review of salary levels for the Executive Directors and agreement 
of salary increases for the 2014 financial year; 
to  propose  a  Long  Term  Incentive  Plan  to  shareholders  at  the 
2014 AGM which will operate in place of the existing Treatt 2005 
Approved and Unapproved Share Option Schemes; and
to propose an all-employee Share Incentive Plan to shareholders 
at the 2014 AGM.

• 

• 

• 

During  the  year  all  elements  of  the  packages  of  the  Executive 
Directors were reviewed and no significant changes have been made, 
although greater emphasis will be placed on share-based incentives 
going forward with new plans, as detailed above, being proposed to 
shareholders.

I  hope  that  shareholders  will  support  the  resolutions  on  Directors 
remuneration and the new share schemes and I will be available at 
the AGM to answer any questions you may have.

IAN NEIL
Chairman
Remuneration Committee

Members  of  the  Committee  are  shown  on  page  87  and  for  full 
biographies of the Committee members see page 15. The terms of 
reference of the Committee can be found on the Treatt website at 
www.treatt.com.

POLICY SECTION
REMUNERATION POLICY REPORT
The Committee’s policy is to ensure that remuneration structures are 
simple, transparent and proportional to the size and complexity of the 
business whilst ensuring that Executive Directors are fairly rewarded 
for the role they undertake. The main principles of the remuneration 
policy are:

•  salaries should be competitive but not excessive when compared 

• 

• 

to similar companies;
remuneration  packages  should  align  the  interests  of  Directors 
with shareholders by using stretching performance metrics that 
provide a strong link to the creation of shareholder value;
there  should  be  appropriate  balance  between  fixed  and 
performance-related  pay  to  ensure  delivery  of  results  over  the 
short, medium and longer term;

•  performance metrics should not encourage a culture of excessive 

risk taking;

•  Directors should invest in and retain shares in Treatt.

The  Committee  reviews  its  policy  annually  to  determine  whether  it 
remains  effective  and  aligned  to  the  Group  strategy.  As  a  result  of 
this  review  greater  emphasis  will  be  placed  on  longer-term  share-
based incentives to more closely align the interests of Directors with 
shareholders and provide stretching longer term targets to encourage 
strong performance.

The current intention is that the framework of this remuneration policy 
will apply for future years. 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   23

 
Directors’ Remuneration Report
continued

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION
The following table sets out a summary of each element of the Executive Directors’ remuneration, how it operates, the maximum opportunity 
available, applicable performance metrics and changes to remuneration for the 2014 financial year:

Performance 
Metrics

Individual and 
company 
performance are 
considered

Element —
Purpose and link  
to strategy

Base salary
Help recruit and retain 
high calibre Executive 
Directors

To provide a competitive 
salary relative to the size 
of the Group

Reflects individual 
experience and the role

Maximum 
Opportunity

Excluding a review 
required by a 
change in role or 
responsibility, to align 
with benchmarking, 
or in exceptional 
circumstances, the 
annual increase 
should not exceed 
the average 
salary increase of 
employees within  
the Group

Operation

Reviewed annually by the 
Committee with changes taking 
effect from 1 October unless a 
change in responsibility requires an 
interim review

Influenced by personal 
performance and by the increase in 
salaries of other Group employees 

Normally benchmarked at 
intervals of 3 years against similar 
companies and targeted broadly at 
the median level 

Discretion may be exercised for the 
purpose of retention

Changes for 2014 
financial year

No changes have been 
made to the salary review 
process.

Base salary increase for 
Richard Hope addresses 
the misalignment with 
benchmarking. Other 
base salary increases are 
consistent with increases 
of Group employees

The car and fuel 
allowances of Daemmon 
Reeve and Richard 
Hope have been rolled 
into salary to provide a 
simpler remuneration 
structure

Not applicable

None

Except as otherwise 
stated these are on 
the same terms as 
the benefits received 
by other employees 
in the country in 
which the Director is 
resident

Benefits
Help recruit and retain 
high calibre Executive 
Directors

Entitlement to the following benefits 
on the same terms as employees 
in the country in which Director is 
resident:

Private Healthcare - except that 
Daemmon Reeve also receives 
Family Cover in the UK; Life 
Assurance; Permanent Health 
Insurance – except that Daemmon 
Reeve receives enhanced long 
term disability cover; All-employee 
Share Schemes

Any new benefits introduced to 
staff generally shall be provided to 
Directors on equal or comparable 
terms

Discretion may be exercised to 
provide appropriate benefits that 
might become payable as a result 
of a new business requirement, 
such as a need for a Director to 
relocate 

24   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Maximum 
Opportunity

100% of salary

100% of salary based 
on market value of 
shares at date of 
grant

Element —
Purpose and link  
to strategy

Annual Bonus
(Note 1)
Provides an element 
of at risk pay, which 
incentivises the 
achievement of good 
annual financial results 

Aligns Directors’ interests 
with shareholders

Share Options
(Note 2)
Incentivises Directors 
to achieve returns for 
shareholders over a 
longer time frame

Aligns Directors’ interests 
with shareholders

Operation

The rules of the Executive 
Directors Bonus Scheme and the 
performance targets are reviewed 
every three years

A bonus pool is calculated by 
reference to the achievement 
of performance targets for the 
financial year and each Director 
is entitled to a set percentage of 
the pool, subject to the maximum 
opportunity

Bonuses are subject to 
determination by the Committee 
after year end and are paid in cash 
in December 

Discretion may be exercised 
in respect of the treatment of 
exceptional items which may 
have the effect of increasing or 
decreasing the bonus pool 

The Group has one Approved and 
one Unapproved Share Option 
Scheme which were approved by 
shareholders in February 2005. 
Grants of options are considered 
annually after year end. The 
quantum of awards are reviewed 
to ensure that they are in line with 
market rates

Awards must be made at market 
price with vesting dependent on 
the achievement of performance 
conditions over a period 
determined by the Committee, 
which shall be a minimum of  
3 years 

Discretion may be exercised in 
respect of the performance criteria 
by replacing the current measure 
with a similarly appropriate 
measure or combination of 
measures

The Committee may also exercise 
the specific discretions contained 
within the rules of the scheme, as 
approved by shareholders

Performance 
Metrics

Changes for 2014 
financial year

For 2014 bonuses the 
Committee’s discretion 
has been extended to 
include the ability to 
reduce bonus where 
circumstances have 
created a sufficiently 
significant impact on 
the reputation of the 
Group to justify, in the 
view of the Committee, 
the operation of this 
discretion

The bonus pool is being 
re-calibrated, and will 
range from 1.5% to 9% 
of profits in excess of a 
minimum level

Daemmon Reeve will be 
eligible to receive 60% 
of the pool, and Richard 
Hope 40%

None

The bonus pool 
is based on an 
amount by which 
adjusted pre-tax 
profit exceeds a 
minimum level 

The bonus pool 
ranges from 
3% of pre-tax 
profit above the 
threshold level rising 
incrementally to a 
maximum of 16% 
for performance 
exceeding the 
threshold by a 
specified margin

Performance is 
measured over 
three years. The 
vesting of the 
options shall be 
subject to growth 
in adjusted basic 
EPS exceeding 
a minimum level 
during the period 
from date of grant 
to date of vesting 

20% vests at 
threshold rising 
incrementally 
to 100% for 
performance 
exceeding the 
threshold by a 
specified margin

Options lapse if 
performance criteria 
are not met at the 
end of the three 
year performance 
period

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   25

 
Directors’ Remuneration Report
continued

Element —
Purpose and link  
to strategy

Long Term Incentive 
Plan (Note 2)
Incentivises Directors 
to achieve returns for 
shareholders over a 
longer time frame

Aligns Directors interests 
with shareholders

Maximum 
Opportunity

Performance 
Metrics

Changes for 2014 
financial year

If approved, 2014 will be 
the first year in which this 
scheme will operate

100% of salary based 
on market value of 
shares at date of 
grant

The vesting of the 
awards shall be 
subject to growth 
in adjusted basic 
EPS exceeding 
a minimum level 
during the period 
from date of grant 
to date of vesting 

20% vests at 
threshold rising 
incrementally 
to 100% for 
performance 
exceeding the 
threshold by a 
specified margin

Awards lapse if 
performance criteria 
are not met at the 
end of the three 
year performance 
period

Operation

The Board has proposed an 
LTIP which will be put before 
shareholders at the AGM in 
February 2014

The Committee will consider 
awards of shares under the 
LTIP annually and will review the 
quantum of awards to ensure that 
they are in line with market rates

Awards will be made at nil cost 
with vesting dependent on the 
achievement of performance 
conditions over a period 
determined by the Committee, 
which shall be a minimum of  
3 years

Discretion may be exercised in 
respect of the performance criteria 
by replacing the current measure 
with a similarly appropriate 
measure or combination of 
measures

The Committee may also exercise 
the specific discretions contained 
within the rules of the scheme, as 
approved by shareholders

Share Retention Policy Holding requirements:

Not applicable

Not applicable

This policy is effective 
from 6 December 2013

CEO – 200% of basic salary
FD – 150% of basic salary

Directors are required to retain 
shares acquired under share-
based incentive awards until the 
holding requirements are met, 
save that they are permitted to 
sell sufficient shares to pay any 
exercise price and all applicable 
taxes due in respect of that award

Entitlement to receive employer 
contributions into a defined 
contribution pension scheme on 
the same terms as employees in 
the country in which the Director is 
resident

Daemmon Reeve also receives a 
contribution into a Supplemental 
Executive Retirement Plan (SERP)

Pension
Help recruit and retain 
high calibre Executive 
Directors and to provide 
a competitive package 
relative to the size of the 
Group

26   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Not applicable

None

UK employees - 
9% base salary 
contribution or 15% 
where previously 
a member of the 
defined benefit 
pension scheme (no 
personal contribution 
required in either 
case)

US employees – up 
to 6% base salary 
contribution, which 
matches personal 
contribution

SERP - 4% base 
salary contribution 
(no personal 
contribution required)

Element —
Purpose and link  
to strategy

Recruitment of 
Executive Directors
Enable recruitment of 
high calibre Executive 
Directors able to 
contribute to the success 
of the Group

Clawback
To ensure Executive 
Directors do not 
benefit from errors or 
misconduct 

Operation

Salary will be set to reflect skills 
and experience of incoming 
Director and market rate for the 
role to be undertaken

Existing benefits and incentives 
of the Group to be used with 
participation on the same basis as 
existing Directors

Payment of relocation expenses 
where relevant

In the event of an internal 
promotion any commitments made 
prior to promotion may continue 
to be honoured when they would 
otherwise be inconsistent with this 
policy 

Discretion may be exercised in 
exceptional circumstances and 
existing entitlements with current 
employer, such as bonus and 
share schemes, may be bought 
out on a like for like basis and 
subject to performance conditions

Provisions are to be included 
in performance-related 
remuneration to enable 
clawback of remuneration 
which has been overpaid due 
to material misstatement of the 
Group’s accounts, errors made 
in calculation or a Director’s 
misconduct

Maximum 
Opportunity

Performance 
Metrics

Changes for 2014 
financial year

Based on existing 
Treatt performance 
conditions

Not applicable

Recruitment awards 
are subject to the 
maximum value of 
any outstanding 
awards forgone by 
the recruit

Not applicable

Not applicable

These provisions will be 
included in respect of 
2014 and onwards

Notes
1  The performance targets were set by the Remuneration Committee and are reviewed annually to ensure that they continue to incentivise 
strong financial performance. The Committee continues to believe that this performance measure offers a balance between the needs 
of shareholders, in providing good profitability and providing a measure of performance over which the Executive Directors have direct 
influence. The Committee considers that the level of performance required is appropriately stretching.

  The bonuses of staff and senior management are restricted to between 12% and 75% of base salary depending on seniority, role and 

market conditions.

2  Performance targets are set by the Committee at the date of grant of the options to ensure that they are appropriately stretching. The 
Committee  considers  adjusted  basic  EPS  to  be  a  complete  and  appropriate  measure  of  performance,  capturing  revenue  growth  and 
operating margin. EPS targets are aligned with the Board’s strategy.

If the LTIP is approved by shareholders in February 2014 it will replace the Approved and Unapproved Share Option Schemes and no further 
grants will be made under these schemes after February 2014. Renewal of the Approved and Unapproved Share Option Schemes will not 
be sought once they expire in February 2015. The LTIP permits the grant of nil cost options which, subject to remaining an employee and 
the satisfaction of performance criteria, provide the participants with the benefit of the full market value of the shares. 

  Awards under the Approved and Unapproved Schemes and the proposed LTIP may be made to Senior Executives who have significant 
influence over the Group’s ability to meet its strategic targets with such awards being subject to the achievement of performance conditions 
set by the Committee at the date of grant.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   27

 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report
continued

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION

Element —
Purpose and link  
to strategy

Fees
To recruit high calibre  
Non-executive Directors

To reward additional 
responsibility by virtue of position 
as Chairman of the Board or 
Chairman of a Committee

Operation

Subject to an aggregate limit within the 
Articles of Association, for which the 
Board has proposed an increase which 
will be put before shareholders at the 
AGM in February 2014

Reviewed annually with changes taking 
effect from 1 October 

The Chairman’s fees are reviewed  
by the Committee and the other Non-
executives’ fees are reviewed by the 
Board (excluding the Non-executives) 

Influenced by the increase in salaries of 
other Group employees and by personal 
performance

Benchmarked against similar companies 
and targeted broadly at the median level 

Additional fees may be paid in respect 
of increased responsibility or time 
commitment required by the role or in 
respect of invoiced consultancy fees, 
where relevant

Maximum 
Opportunity

Excluding a review 
required by a change 
in role or responsibility 
or to align with 
benchmarking the 
annual increase should 
not exceed the average 
increase of employees 
within the Group

Changes for 2013/2014

Fee increase for Tim Jones 
takes account of an increase in 
the time commitment required 
for the role and addresses the 
misalignment with benchmarking

Fee increases for the other 
Non-executive directors are 
consistent with increases of 
group employees, except that 
a small additional fee has been 
awarded in respect of the 
position of Chairman of the Audit 
and Remuneration Committees

Where exceptional circumstances arise, the Committee shall have discretion to approve payments not specifically referred to above where the 
Committee, acting in good faith and taking into account the needs of the wider business, considers it reasonable and appropriate to do so.

ILLUSTRATION OF REMUNERATION POLICY
The  graphs  below  provide  estimates  of  the  potential  future  reward  for  each  of  the  Executive  Directors  based  on  their  current  roles,  the 
remuneration policy outlined on pages 23 to 30 and base salaries as at 1 October 2013. Although Daemmon Reeve is paid in US Dollars, the 
figures below are in Pounds Sterling at an exchange rate of £1=$1.56, being the average rate over the preceding twelve months.

As the illustrations are forward-looking, Anita Haines is not included as an Executive Director as she will be stepping down from her position at 
the AGM on 24 February 2014 and will be standing for re-election as a Non-executive Director.

REMUNERATION POLICY ILLUSTRATION

(£’000)
500

400

300

200

100

0

Minimum

On target

Maximum

Minimum

On target

Maximum

Chief Executive Officer - 
Daemmon Reeve

Finance Director - 
Richard Hope

Salary

Benefits

Pension

Bonus

Share Options

Only those share options which potentially vest in 2014 have been included and have been calculated as the difference in market value at 
30 September 2013, being £6.025 and the option price. Following the consolidation of car and fuel allowances into salaries, Richard Hope’s 
benefits total less than £1,000 per annum and are not shown.

28   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

COMPARISON OF REMUNERATION POLICY 
This policy sets out the remuneration structure applicable to Directors of the Group. Salary levels and incentive arrangements applicable to 
other Group employees are determined by reference to local employment conditions for comparative roles. 

Budgeted salary increases for Group employees are taken into consideration when determining increases for the Executive Directors.

Employees are provided with a competitive benefits package including healthcare, life assurance and pension. Recent replacement of the 
defined benefit scheme in the UK has applied equally to all employees, including Directors. Consistent with Directors, employees are eligible to 
participate in an annual bonus scheme with conditions linked to the performance of their operating subsidiary and the Group overall. Employee 
share ownership is encouraged across the Group and participation, particularly in the UK, is strong. If approved, the introduction of a Share 
Incentive Plan in the UK is designed to further encourage employee share ownership. Eligible employees, including Executive Directors, are 
able to participate in the all-employee share schemes on equal terms. Executive Directors and key employees with the greatest potential to 
influence achievement of the Group’s strategic objectives are provided with share options or Long Term Incentives (if approved by shareholders) 
designed to encourage strong Group performance. 

The Group does not consult with employees in respect of the Executive Directors remuneration policy. However, the Committee receives 
regular updates on salary and bonus levels across the Group and is aware of how the remuneration of Directors compares to employees. 

In addition, when setting remuneration levels for the Executive Directors the Committee takes account of the levels of remuneration received 
by executive directors of similar companies that are selected on the grounds of:

•  size in terms of turnover, profits and number of people employed;
•  a ranking within the FTSE Fledgling Index or FTSE Small Cap Index;
• 
• 
•  market segment.

the diversity and complexity of the business;
the geographical spread of its business; and

Whilst remuneration consultants have not been engaged, regular benchmarking is undertaken against companies within the FTSE Fledgling 
and Small Cap Indexes using salary reports and surveys of established remuneration consultants. 

DIRECTORS’ CONTRACTS
ExEcutivE dirEctorS
The Committee reviews the contractual terms of new and existing Executive Directors to ensure that they reflect best practice and are designed 
to attract and retain suitable candidates. The Committee considers that a rolling contract terminable on twelve months’ notice by either party is 
appropriate. The notice period of Anita Haines, which she is currently serving and expires at the 2014 AGM, is historic and is no longer regarded 
as appropriate by the Committee. 

Summary of Director’s service contracts as at 30 September 2013:

Daemmon Reeve 
Richard Hope  
Anita Haines 

Date of contract 

Notice period

 30 October 2012 
 12 May 2003* 
 24 December 2002 

12 months
 12 months
2 years

* Richard Hope signed a new contract on 1 October 2013 which is consistent with the new remuneration policy.

Summary of the key elements of Directors’ service contracts:

Provision 

Notice period 

Termination payment 

Salary 

Benefits 

Summary

12 months by either party
Exception — Anita Haines

Daemmon Reeve — Payment in lieu of notice clause providing for base salary and benefits payable  
during notice period
Richard Hope — No provision for payment in lieu of notice

Reviewed annually with effect from 1 October each year

Private healthcare, life assurance, permanent health insurance or other disability cover, pension
Participation in discretionary incentive arrangements determined by the Committee

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   29

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report
continued

The Directors’ contracts are available for inspection at the Company’s registered office during normal business hours.

Future contracts are to provide for remuneration obligations comparable to those set out above taking into consideration role and responsibility, 
except in exceptional circumstances where additional incentive is required in order to secure the services of an outstanding candidate. 

non-ExEcutivE dirEctorS
All Non-executive Directors are subject to the same terms and conditions of appointment which provide for the payment of fees for their 
services in connection with Board and Board Committee meetings. In their Non-executive capacities they do not qualify for participation in any 
of the Group’s bonus, share option or other incentive schemes, and they are not eligible for pension scheme membership. 

The terms and conditions of appointment of Non-executive Directors are available for inspection at the Company’s registered office during 
normal business hours.

PAYMENTS FOR LOSS OF OFFICE
In accordance with the UK Corporate Governance Code notice periods shall not exceed a maximum of twelve months.

In normal circumstances it is expected that termination payments for Executive Directors should not exceed current salary and benefits for the 
notice period. When determining termination payments in the event of early termination, the Committee will take into account a variety of factors 
including length of service, personal and company performance, the Director’s obligation to mitigate his loss, statutory compensation to which 
a Director may be entitled and legal fees and other payments which may be payable under a Settlement Agreement. 

A Director who has been given notice by the Company for any reason other than on the grounds of injury, disability, redundancy or change 
of control shall only be eligible to a payment under the bonus scheme at the discretion of the Committee, which will take into account the 
circumstances leading to the notice.

Directors  have  no  entitlement  to  performance-related  share-based  incentives,  the  unvested  portion  of  which  will  generally  lapse  following 
termination of employment. However, in certain circumstances, such as injury, disability or redundancy, share options, which shall be pro-rated 
by reference to the amount of the performance period completed and subject to performance conditions, may be exercised within six months 
of termination. Where termination is for any other reason, share options may only be exercised at the discretion of, and to the extent permitted 
by the Committee, acting fairly and reasonably.

PAYMENTS TO A FORMER DIRECTOR
The compensation for loss of office agreed with Hugo Bovill, the former Group Managing Director, comprised on-going elements which the 
Company is contractually obligated to continue to pay. The value of these on-going elements was accrued in the figure for compensation for 
loss of office disclosed in the 2012 annual report and financial statements.

The Company agreed to a fixed sum to provide future private medical insurance for Mr Bovill and his children. The annual premiums paid by 
the Company in respect of this cover will be deducted from the fixed sum until the residual amount is insufficient to cover the annual premium, 
whereupon the Company’s obligations will cease.

Additionally, due to the length of Mr Bovill’s tenure, the Company agreed to a small fixed sum to provide outplacement advice, which is payable 
upon invoice.

EXTERNAL APPOINTMENTS
Whilst neither of the Executive Directors currently serve as Non-executive Directors on the boards of other companies, it is recognised that 
such appointments would provide an opportunity to gain broader experience outside of Treatt which would benefit the Group. In the event that 
the Directors are offered such positions and providing that they are not likely to lead to a conflict of interest or significant constraints on time, 
Executive Directors may, with the prior approval of the Board, accept Non-executive appointments and retain the fees received.

SHAREHOLDER VIEWS
The  Remuneration  Committee  has  engaged  pro-actively  with  the  Group’s  major  shareholders  in  respect  of  the  details  of  this  policy  and 
welcomed  feedback  received  from  them.  The  Committee  will  also  consult  with  major  shareholders  prior  to  any  material  changes  to  the 
remuneration policy.

This Remuneration Policy, if approved at the 2014 Annual General Meeting, shall be effective immediately.

30   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

IMPLEMENTATION REPORT 
The following section of this report provides details of the implementation of the policy for the year ended 30 September 2013.

DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATION (AUDITED)
The tables below report a single figure for total remuneration for each individual Executive and Non-executive Director respectively. 

Executive Directors: 

Salary 
Taxable Benefits (Note 1) 
Annual Bonus (Note 2) 
Share Options vesting in the financial year 
Pension 

Daemmon Reeve 

Richard Hope 

Anita Haines

2013 

2012* 

2013 

2012 

2013 

2012

201 
14 
171 
4 
16 

405 

66 
4 
54 
3 
— 

127 

142 
21 
118 
5 
14 

300 

138 
21 
78 
3 
12 

252 

121 
20 
118 
5 
26 

290 

119
20
78
3
30

250

* Remuneration shown for Daemmon Reeve in the prior year relates only to the period of five months following his appointment to the Board  in May 2012.

Non-executive Directors: 

Tim Jones 
Jeff Iliffe (From 25 February 2013) 
David Johnston 
Ian Neil 
Peter Thorburn (Until 25 February 2013) 

Fees

2013 

2012

42 
20 
29 
29 
15 

18*
—
29
29
31

135 

107

* Remuneration shown for Tim Jones in the prior year relates only to the period of seven months following his appointment to the Board in February 2012.

Note 1: Taxable benefits provided to Executive Directors include a car allowance, fuel and private medical insurance. As explained in the 
remuneration policy report, with effect from 1 October 2013, car allowances and re-imbursement of fuel expenses will be incorporated into 
basic salaries for all Directors other than those retiring during the year.

Note 2: Details relating to the annual bonus are as follows:
The  annual  bonus  for  Executive  Directors  is  calculated  based  upon  the  amount  by  which  profit  before  tax  and  exceptional  items  (at  the 
discretion of the Remuneration Committee) exceeds a minimum level of 10% of adjusted net assets, with the actual result for the year being 
a return on adjusted net assets of 24.5%. Net assets are adjusted to exclude any movement in the pension liability which is considered to be 
outside the control of the Executive Directors. The annual bonus is capped at a maximum of 100% of annual basic salary. The annual bonus, 
as a percentage of the maximum achievable, was as follows:

Daemmon Reeve 
Richard Hope 
Anita Haines 

2013 

85% 
83% 
97% 

2012

50%
56%
66%

The proportion of fixed and variable pay, exclusive of pension, benefits and share options, is shown below for the Executive Directors:

Daemmon Reeve 
Richard Hope 
Anita Haines  

Basic Salary 

Annual Bonus

2013 

54% 
55% 
51% 

2012 

55% 
64% 
60% 

2013 

46% 
45% 
49% 

2012

45%
36%
40%

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report
continued

PERFORMANCE GRAPH
This performance graph shows Treatt 
Plc’s  performance,  measured  by 
total  shareholder  return,  compared 
with the performance of the FTSE All 
Share  Index,  also  measured  by  total 
shareholder  return,  which  has  been 
selected  by  the  Board  as  being  the 
most  appropriate  measure  against 
which to benchmark its performance.

• Treatt Plc
• FTSE All Share

8
0
/
9
/
0
3
m
o
r
f

n
r
u
t
e
r

l

r
e
d
o
h
e
r
a
h
S
%

250.00

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00

Total shareholder return 2008-2013

Sep 08

Sep 09

Sep 10

Sep 11

Sep 12

Sep 13

CEO REMUNERATION
The following table provides historical data on remuneration in respect of the Director(s) performing the role of Chief Executive Office for each 
of the years covered by the performance graph:

Total remuneration (£’000) 
Annual bonus as % of maximum1 
Share options vesting as % of maximum4 

2013 

405 
85% 
100% 

20122 

2011 

2010 

274 
11%3 
100% 

447 
104% 
100% 

281 
47% 
100% 

2009

307
30%
100%

1 Prior to 2012 there was no cap on the payment of annual bonuses to Executive Directors, therefore the percentage of annual salary is shown by way of comparative.
2 The CEO Remuneration for 2012 is the combined remuneration paid to the current and previous CEO for the periods when they held that post.
3 The 2012 annual bonus only related to two months of the financial year.
4 All share options vested in full as they were all-employee share options which were not subject to performance conditions.

The percentage change in remuneration of the Director undertaking the role of CEO, compared to employees as a whole was as follows:

CEO 
Employees3 

Salaries 

Bonus

6.0%1 
4.5% 

32%2
74%

1 The percentage increase in CEO salary compares the 2013 salary of the current CEO to the combined 2012 salaries of the current and previous CEO for the periods when they held 

that post.

2 The percentage increase in bonus, compares the 2013 bonus of the current CEO with the annualised equivalent bonus earned by the current CEO in 2012 in his capacity as CEO.
3 The employees used for comparison are those UK and US employees who, for the salary comparison, were employed for the whole of the 2013 financial year, and for bonuses, for the 

whole of both the 2012 and 2013 financial years.

RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SPEND ON PAY
Wages  and  salaries  are  the  most  significant  overhead  cost  in  the  Group.  The  following  table  sets  out,  in  a  manner  prescribed  by  the 
regulations,  the  relative  importance  of  employee  remuneration,  as  compared  to  distributions  to  shareholders  and  other  significant   
uses of profit, the most significant of which, taxation, has therefore been selected:

Total remuneration1 
Dividends2 
Current tax3 

1 Total remuneration includes wages, salaries and pension costs as disclosed in note 6.
2  Dividends paid in the financial year as disclosed in note 10.
3  Current tax payable in respect of the financial year as disclosed in note 9.

2013 

2012 

Movement

10,837  
 1,585  
1,496  

9,852  
1,490  
    901  

+10%
+6%
+66%

32   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
      
 
DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS (AUDITED)
The Directors who held office at 30 September 2013 had the following interests in the shares of the Parent Company:

Executive Directors 
Daemmon Reeve 
Richard Hope 
Anita Haines 
Non-executive Directors 
Tim Jones 

Shares Held 
Outright or Vested 

Unvested Share 
Options with 
Performance Conditions 

Unvested
All-Employee
Share Options

2013 

2012 

2013 

2012 

2013 

2012

14,944 
27,769 
10,136 

8,897 
10,971 
8,839 

15,639 
2,564 
— 

12,499 

10,751 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

635 
2,650 
— 

— 

1,088
3,359
1,297

—

There have been no changes between 1 October 2013 and 5 December 2013, the latest date practicable to obtain the information prior to 
publication of this document, other than an additional 236 shares received by Richard Hope under a dividend reinvestment plan.

The table below shows the value of Executive Directors’ interests in shares as at 30 September 2013 as a percentage of their base salary:

Daemmon Reeve 
Richard Hope 
Anita Haines 

Value of Shares Held 
Outright or Vested 

Base Salary1 

Value of
Interest as % of
Base Salary

2013 
£’000 

 90  
 167  
 61  

2012 
£’000 

31 
38 
30 

2013 
£’000 

201 
142 
121 

20122 
£’000 

158 
138 
119 

2013 
% 

45% 
118% 
50% 

2012
%

19%
27%
26%

1 Base salary is the average basic gross pay for the corresponding year. 
2 The comparative salary for Daemmon Reeve is for the whole of the 2012 financial year and not from the date of his appointment to the Board.

SHARE OPTION SCHEMES (AUDITED)
The following share options were granted to Executive Directors during the financial year:

Scheme 

Basis 

Date of 
Grant 

Share Price 
at Date 
of Grant 

Face 
Min 
Value  Performance  Performance
End Date
Award 
£’000 

Daemmon Reeve 

ESPP 2013 (1) 
ISO 2013 (2) 

All-staff 
Individual 

15 Jul 13 
14 Dec 12 

Richard Hope 

SAYE 2013 (3) 
ASO 2013 (4) 

All-staff 
Individual 

15 Jul 13 
14 Dec 12 

£6.00 
£3.95 

£6.00 
£3.95 

4 
62 

4 
10 

N/A 
20% 

N/A 
20% 

N/A
30/9/17

N/A
30/9/15

1  ESPP (Employee Stock Purchase Plan) share options are offered to US employees (subject to tax exempt limits) at a discount of 15% of the share price at date of grant and are 

exercisable after one year.

2  ISO (Incentive Stock Options) are granted at the share price at date of grant, subject to performance conditions.
3  SAYE (Save As You Earn) share options are offered to UK employees (subject to tax exempt limits) at a discount of 20% of the average share price for the three days preceding the date 

of grant and are exercisable after three years.

4 ASO (Approved Share Options) are granted at the average share price for the three days preceding the date of grant, subject to performance conditions.

The performance conditions for ISO and ASO options are as follows:
Average annual growth in adjusted basic earnings per share during the period from date of grant to date of vesting. The option shall vest on 
the following sliding scale: 20% where average annual growth equals or exceeds 6%; 40% where average annual growth equals or exceeds 
7%; 60% where average annual growth equals or exceeds 8%; 80% where average annual growth equals or exceeds 9%; and 100% where 
average annual growth equals or exceeds 10%.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report
continued

The share options of the Directors in office during the year are as set out below:

Exercise 
Dates 

Exercise 
Price 

Daemmon Reeve 

Jul 2013 
Jul 2014 
Dec 2017 – Dec 2022 

284p 
501p 
395p 

At 
1 Oct  
2012 

1,088 
— 
— 

Granted 
During 
the Year 

— 
635 
15,639 

Exercised 
During 
the Year 

Expired 
During 
the Year 

(1,088) 
— 
— 

1,088 

16,274 

(1,088) 

Richard Hope 

Sep 2013 – Feb 2014 
Sep 2014 – Feb 2015 
Sep 2015 – Feb 2016 
Sep 2016 – Feb 2017 
Dec 2015 – Dec 2022 

222p 
340p 
267p 
489p 
390p 

1,297 
849 
1,213 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
588 
2,564 

(1,297) 
— 
— 
— 
— 

3,359 

3,152 

(1,297) 

Anita Haines 

Sep 2013 – Feb 2014 

222p 

1,297 

— 

(1,297) 

At
30 Sep
2013

—
635
15,639

16,274

—
849
1,213
588
2,564

5,214

—

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

The aggregate amount of gains made by the Directors on the exercise of share options in the year was £14,000 (2012: £13,000).

There  have  been  no  further  changes  in  the  interests  of  the  Directors  to  subscribe  for  or  acquire  shares  between  1  October  2013  and  
5 December 2013, the latest date practicable to obtain the information prior to publication of this document.

The market price of the shares at 30 September 2013 was £6.025 and the range during the financial year was £3.425 to £6.325. All market 
price figures are derived from the Daily Official List of the London Stock Exchange.

PENSIONS (AUDITED)
Certain Executive Directors are deferred members of the R C Treatt & Co Limited Pension & Assurance Scheme following its closure to future 
accruals on 31 December 2012. The plan was a non-contributory, H.M. Revenue & Customs approved, defined benefit occupational pension 
scheme. Its main features are:

•  a normal pension age of 65 but early retirement may be permitted from age 55;
•  a pension at normal pension age of two thirds of final pensionable salary, subject to completion of 20 years’ service;
• 
•  spouse’s pension on death.

life assurance cover of four times basic annual salary;

Pensionable salary is the member’s basic salary, excluding all bonuses. From 1 October 2004, pensionable salary was restricted to the lower 
of actual salary and salary as at 1 January 2004 as adjusted for the cumulative increase in inflation until retirement. 

The pension entitlement of these Directors is as follows:

Normal 
Retirement Date 

Increase in Accrued 
Pension During Year 
(Excluding Inflation) 
2012 
2013 
£ 
£ 

Transfer Value
in Respect of Increase 
(Excluding Inflation) 
2012 
2013 
£ 
£ 

Daemmon Reeve 
Anita Haines  

24 Sep 2036 
6 Nov 2017 

65 
593 

— 
1,499 

385 
8,309 

5,457 
21,637 

Accrued Total
Pension at

2013 
£ 

20,178 
43,816 

2012
£

19,680
42,293

The transfer values have been calculated on the basis of actuarial advice in accordance with Regulation 7B(2) of the Occupational Pension 
Schemes (Transfer Values) Regulations 1996. Further details of the scheme are included in note 25.

34   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, contributions to defined money purchase pension plans were made as follows:

Daemmon Reeve* 
Richard Hope 
Anita Haines* 

2013 
£’000 

15 
14 
14 

2012
£’000

—
12
—

* Following the closure of the defined benefit scheme, with effect from 1 January 2013 Daemmon Reeve and Anita Haines were in receipt of contributions towards money purchase pension plans  

as shown.

STATEMENT OF VOTING
At the Annual General Meeting held on 25 February 2013, the votes cast in respect of the resolution to approve the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report, were as follows:

For: 75.3% Against: 24.7% Votes withheld: 1,510,874

AUDIT NOTES 
In accordance with Section 421 of the Companies Act 2006 and the Regulations, where indicated, certain information contained within the 
Implementation Section of this report has been audited. The remaining sections are not subject to audit.

This report was approved by the Board and signed on its behalf on 6 December 2013.

ANITA STEER
Secretary

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Treatt plc

We have audited the Group and Parent Company financial statements 
(“the financial statements”) on pages 38 to 73. The financial reporting 
framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law 
and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted 
by the European Union and, as regards the Parent Company financial 
statements,  as  applied  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the 
Companies Act 2006. 

This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a 
body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state 
to  the  Parent  Company’s  members  those  matters  we  are  required 
to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To 
the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume 
responsibility  to  anyone  other  than  the  Parent  Company  and  the 
Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this 
report, or for the opinions we have formed.

RESPECTIVE RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS AND AUDITOR
As more fully explained in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement 
set out on page 14, the Directors are responsible for the preparation 
of  the  financial  statements  and  for  being  satisfied  that  they  give  a 
true  and  fair  view.  Our  responsibility  is  to  audit  and  express  an 
opinion  on  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable 
law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those 
standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s 
(APB’s) Ethical Standards for Auditors.

SCOPE OF THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A description of the scope of an audit of financial statements is provided 
on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at http://www.frc.org.uk/
Our-Work/Codes-Standards/Audit-and-assurance/Standards-and-
guidance/Standards-and-guidance-for-auditors/Scope-of-audit/UK-
Private-Sector-Entity-(issued-1-December-2010).aspx

OPINION ON FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the 
Group’s and the Parent Company’s affairs as at 30 September 
2013 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended;
the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union; 
the  Parent  Company  financial  statements  have  been  properly 
prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European 
Union  and  as  applied  in accordance with the provisions of the 
Companies Act 2006; and
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 
the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the 
Group financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation.

OPINION  ON  OTHER  MATTERS  PRESCRIBED  BY  THE 
COMPANIES ACT 2006
In our opinion:

• 

• 

• 

the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited has 
been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 
2006; 
the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ 
Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are 
prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the information given in the Corporate Governance Statement set 
out on pages 18 to 22 in compliance with rules 7.2.5 and 7.2.6 
in  the  Disclosure  Rules  and  Transparency  Rules  sourcebook 
issued  by  the  Financial  Conduct  Authority  (information  about 
internal  control  and  risk  management  systems  in  relation  to 
financial reporting processes and about share capital structures) 
is consistent with the financial statements.

MATTERS  ON  WHICH  WE  ARE  REqUIRED  TO  REPORT  BY 
EXCEPTION
We have nothing to report in respect of the following:

•  Under the ISAs (UK and Ireland) we are required to report to you if, 

in our opinion, information in the annual report is:

•  materially  inconsistent  with  the  information  in  the  audited 

financial statements; or

•  apparently  materially  incorrect  based  on,  or  materially 
inconsistent with, our knowledge of the Group acquired in 
the course of performing our audit; or

•  otherwise misleading.

In particular, we are required to consider whether we have identified 
any inconsistencies between our knowledge acquired during the audit 
and the Directors’ statement that they consider the annual report is 
fair,  balanced  and  understandable  and  whether  the  annual  report 
appropriately discloses those matters that we communicated to the 
audit committee which we consider should have been disclosed.

•  Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, 

in our opinion:

•  adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept  by  the 
parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not 
been received from branches not visited by us; or
the  Parent  Company  financial  statements  and  the  part  of 
the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited are not in 
agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
•  certain  disclosures  of  Directors’  remuneration  specified  by 

• 

law are not made; or

•  we  have  not  received  all  the  information  and  explanations 

we require for our audit; or

•  a Corporate Governance Statement has not been prepared 

by the Parent Company.

36   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

• Under the Listing Rules we are required to review:

• 

• 

the  Directors’  statement,  set  out  on  pages  11  and  12,  in 
relation to going concern; 
the part of the Corporate Governance Statement on page 
18  relating  to  the  Parent  Company’s  compliance  with  the 
nine  provisions  of  the  UK  Corporate  Governance  Code 
specified for our review; and

•  certain elements of the report to shareholders by the Board 

on Directors’ remuneration.

OUR ASSESSMENT OF RISKS OF MATERIAL MISSTATEMENT
We identified the following risks as being those which had the most 
significant impact on our audit strategy and set out below how each 
of these were addressed by the scope of our audit:

• 

the valuation of inventories and, in particular, the determination of 
provisions against obsolete, slow moving and defective lines and 
against items where expected net realisable value is lower than 
cost.

  We reconfirmed our understanding of the basis for determining 
inventory  provisions  and  the  controls  over  this  process,  and 
considered  whether  these  continued  to  be  appropriate  and 
consistently applied. We tested a sample of inventory provisions, 
considered  their  appropriateness  and  reviewed  post  year  end 
transactions  to  consider  whether  there  were  further  inventory 
lines which ought to have been provided for. We also reviewed 
the outcome of prior year provisions.

• 

the  accounting  for  and  disclosure  of  the  claim  made  by  the 
vendors of the Earthoil subsidiaries, acquired in 2008, in respect 
of the deferred consideration relating to their earn-out.

independent  professional  advice 

We  reviewed  the  progress  of  the  claim  and  considered 
in  connection  with 
the 
management’s assessment of the Group’s liability in respect of 
the earn-out and the disclosures relating to the contingent liability 
relating to this claim. We reviewed the accounting treatment and 
disclosures regarding the costs incurred in defending the claim 
and reviewed post year end transactions for omitted liabilities in 
this regard. We undertook specific post balance sheet enquiries 
to confirm that events to the date of signing the audit report were 
appropriately reflected and disclosed.

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY
When establishing our overall audit strategy, we set certain thresholds 
which help us to determine the nature, timing and extent of our audit 
procedures  and  to  evaluate  the  effects  of  misstatements,  both 
individually  and  on  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole.  During 
planning we determined a magnitude of uncorrected misstatements 
that  we  judge  would  be  material  for  the  financial  statements  as  a 
whole  (FSM).  During  planning  FSM  was  calculated  as  £400,000, 
which was not changed during the course of our audit.

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them 
all unadjusted differences in excess of £10,000, as well as differences 
below  those  thresholds  that,  in  our  view,  warranted  reporting  on 
qualitative grounds.

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF OUR AUDIT 
Our  group  audit  approach  focused  on  the  Parent  Company  and 
the three key trading subsidiaries, two in the UK and one in the US. 
The  UK  entities  are  subject  to  local  statutory  audit  completed  to 
the Group reporting timetable. The US entity is not subject to local 
statutory  audit  and  has  been  subject  to  full  scope  audit  to  Group 
materiality. The US entity audit was undertaken by the same team as 
the UK statutory audits.

These audits covered 98% of Group revenue, 98% of Group profit 
before tax, and 99% of Group total assets. 

CHARLES FRAY (Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of BAKER TILLY UK AUDIT LLP, Statutory Auditor

Chartered Accountants
Abbotsgate House
Hollow Road
Bury St Edmunds
Suffolk IP32 7FA

6 December 2013

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   37

Group Income Statement
for the year ended 30 September 2013

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Administrative expenses 

Operating profit  

Loss on disposal of subsidiaries 
Finance revenue 
Finance costs 

Profit before taxation and exceptional items 

Exceptional items 

Profit before taxation 

Taxation 

Profit for the period attributable to owners of the Parent Company 

Earnings per share 

Basic 
Diluted 
Adjusted basic 
Adjusted diluted 

All amounts relate to continuing operations
Notes 1 - 29 form part of these financial statements

Notes 

2013 
£’000 

2012
£’000

4 

74,097 

74,009

(56,510) 

(57,319)

17,587 

16,690

(10,649) 

(11,062)

6,938 

5,628

(60) 
85 
(736) 

—
108
(676)

6,227 

5,060

(1,093) 

(598)

5,134 

4,462

(1,655) 

(1,390)

3,479 

3,072

34.0p 
33.9p 
43.2p 
43.0p 

30.0p
29.9p
34.4p
34.3p

5 

15 
7 
7 

8 

9 

11 
11 
11 
11 

38   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Group Statement of Comprehensive Income
for the year ended 30 September 2013

Profit for the period attributable to owners of the Parent Company 

Other comprehensive income/(expense): 

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Currency translation differences on foreign currency net investment 
Current tax on foreign currency translation differences 
Deferred tax on foreign currency translation differences 
Fair value movement on cash flow hedge 
Deferred tax on fair value movement 

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Actuarial loss on defined benefit pension scheme 
Current tax credit on actuarial loss 
Deferred tax credit on actuarial loss 

Notes 

2013 
£’000 

3,479 

2012
£’000

3,072

9 
9 
28 
16 

25 
9 
16 

(180) 
30 
— 
546 
(135) 

261 

(1,058) 
72 
158 

(828) 

(339)
9
(12)
(169)
30

(481)

(478)
—
110

(368)

Other comprehensive expense for the period 

(567) 

(849)

Total comprehensive income for the period attributable to owners of the Parent Company 

2,912 

2,223

Notes 1 - 29 form part of these financial statements

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group and Parent Company Statements of Changes in Equity
for the year ended 30 September 2013

Group 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Own 
shares in  
share 
trust 
£’000 

Hedging 
reserve 
£’000 

Foreign
exchange 
reserve 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

Total
equity
£’000

1 October 2011 

1,048 

2,757 

(485) 

(864) 

974 

22,121 

25,551

Profit for the period 

Other comprehensive 
  income/(expense):
Exchange differences net of tax 
Fair value movement on cash
  flow hedge net of tax 
Actuarial gain on defined benefit 
  pension scheme net of tax 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners: 
Dividends 
Share-based payments 
Movement in own shares in 
  share trust 
Loss on release of shares in 
  share trust 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

(251) 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

1 October 2012 

1,048 

2,757 

(736) 

(1,033) 

Profit for the period 

Other comprehensive 
  income/(expense):
Exchange differences net of tax 
Fair value movement on cash 
  flow hedge net of tax 
Actuarial loss on defined 
  benefit pension scheme net of tax 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners: 
Dividends 
Share-based payments 
Movement in own shares in 
  share trust 
Loss on release of shares in 
  share trust 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

114 

— 

— 

— 

546 

— 

546 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

3,072 

3,072

— 

(339) 

(169) 

— 

— 

— 

(3) 

30 

(368) 

(342)

(139)

(368)

(169) 

(339) 

2,731 

2,223

— 
— 

— 

— 

635 

— 

(180) 

— 

— 

(1,490) 
25 

— 

(55) 

(1,490)
25

(251)

(55)

23,332 

26,003

3,479 

3,479

30 

(135) 

(828) 

(150)

411

(828)

(180) 

2,546 

2,912

— 
— 

— 

— 

(1,585) 
22 

(1,585)
22

— 

(23) 

114

(23)

30 September 2013 

1,048 

2,757 

(622) 

(487) 

455 

24,292 

27,443

Notes 1 - 29 form part of these financial statements

40   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group and Parent Company Statements of Changes in Equity
for the year ended 30 September 2013

Parent Company 

1 October 2011 

Profit for the period 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners:
Dividends 
Movement in own shares in share trust 
Loss on release of shares in share trust 

1 October 2012 

Profit for the period 

Total comprehensive income 

Transactions with owners:
Dividends 
Movement in own shares in share trust 
Capital contribution to subsidiary undertakings 
Loss on release of shares in share trust 

Share 
capital 
£’000 

Share 
premium 
£’000 

Own 
shares in  
share 
trust 
£’000 

Retained 
earnings 
£’000 

1,048 

2,757 

(485) 

1,330 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

1,048 

2,757 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 
(251) 
— 

(736) 

— 

— 

— 
114 
— 
— 

2,058 

2,058 

(1,490) 
— 
(55) 

1,843 

1,571 

1,571 

(1,585) 
— 
22 
(23) 

Total
equity
£’000

4,650

2,058

2,058

(1,490)
(251)
(55)

4,912

1,571

1,571

(1,585)
114
22
(23)

30 September 2013 

1,048 

2,757 

(622) 

1,828 

5,011

Notes 1 - 29 form part of these financial statements

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group and Parent Company Balance Sheets
as at 30 September 2013

Registered Number: 1568937

Notes 

Group 

2013 
£’000 

2012 
£’000 

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Goodwill 
Other intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Investment in subsidiaries 
Deferred tax assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Redeemable loan notes receivable 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Current tax assets 
Derivative financial instruments 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Borrowings 
Provisions 
Trade and other payables 
Current tax liabilities 

Net current assets/(liabilities) 

Non-current liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities  
Borrowings 
Trade and other payables 
Post-employment benefits 
Derivative financial instruments 
Redeemable loan notes payable 

Total liabilities 

Net assets 

EQUITY
Share capital 
Share premium account 
Own shares in share trust 
Hedging reserve 
Foreign exchange reserve 
Retained earnings 

12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
18 
28 

17 
18 

28 
19 

20 
21 
22 

16 
20 
22 
25 
28 
28 

23 

1,075 
684 
11,718 
— 
278 
586 
— 

1,080 
718 
11,543 
— 
286 
586 
— 

14,341 

14,213 

23,669 
13,207 
128 
219 
1,117 

22,915 
13,959 
252 
— 
927 

38,340 

38,053 

— 
— 
— 
5,238 
— 
586 
1,350 

7,174 

— 
454 
— 
— 
— 

454 

—
—
—
5,216
—
586
1,350

7,152

—
58
—
—
—

58

52,681 

52,266 

7,629 

7,210

(522) 
(49) 
(11,292) 
(621) 

(8,407) 
— 
(8,938) 
— 

(1,915) 
— 
(4) 
— 

(12,484) 

(17,345) 

(1,919) 

25,856 

20,708 

(1,465) 

(1,001) 
(8,889) 
(23) 
(1,589) 
(577) 
(675) 

(880) 
(5,469) 
(23) 
(838) 
(1,033) 
(675) 

(12,754) 

(8,918) 

— 
— 
(23) 
— 
— 
(675) 

(698) 

(1,566)
—
(34)
—

(1,600)

(1,542)

—
—
(23)
—
—
(675)

(698)

(25,238) 

(26,263) 

(2,617) 

(2,298)

27,443 

26,003 

5,011 

4,912

1,048 
2,757 
(622) 
(487) 
455 
24,292 

1,048 
2,757 
(736) 
(1,033) 
635 
23,332 

1,048 
2,757 
(622) 
— 
— 
1,828 

5,011 

1,048
2,757
(736)
—
—
1,843

4,912

Total equity attributable to owners of the Parent Company 

27,443 

26,003 

Notes 1 - 29 form part of these financial statements

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 6 December 2013 and were signed on its behalf by:

Tim Jones 
Chairman 

Richard Hope
Finance Director 

42   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Group and Parent Company Statement of Cash Flows
for the year ended 30 September 2013

Cash flow from operating activities 
Profit before taxation 
Adjusted for: 
  Foreign exchange loss 
  Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
  Amortisation of intangible assets 
  Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
  Loss on disposal of subsidiaries 
  Net finance costs 
  Share-based payments  
  Increase in fair value of derivatives 
  Decrease in post-employment benefit obligation  

Group 

2013 
£’000 

2012 
£’000 

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

Notes 

5,134 

4,462 

1,560 

2,033

14 
13 

15 
7 
24 
28 

— 
1,219 
181 
3 
60 
714 
22 
(129) 
(307) 

(258) 
1,104 
159 
— 
— 
618 
25 
— 
(443) 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
44 
— 
— 
— 

—
—
—
—
—
66
—
—
—

Operating cash flow before movements in working capital 

6,897 

5,667 

1,604 

2,099

Movements in working capital: 
  Increase in inventories 
  Decrease/(increase) in trade and other receivables 
  Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables, and provisions 

Cash generated from operations 
  Taxation (paid)/received 

Net cash from operating activities 

Cash flow from investing activities 
  Disposal of subsidiaries 
  Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
  Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
  Purchase of intangible assets 
  Interest received 

Cash flow from financing activities 
  (Decrease)/increase in bank loans 
  Amounts converted to non-current borrowings 
  Interest paid 
  Dividends paid 
  Net sale/(purchase) of own shares by share trust 

(789) 
876 
2,266 

9,250 
(649) 

8,601 

(9) 
2 
(1,433) 
(147) 
22 

(2,578) 
(2,104) 
497 

1,482 
(1,279) 

203 

— 
— 
(2,651) 
(136) 
58 

(1,565) 

(2,729) 

— 
(397) 
(29) 

1,178 
11 

1,189 

— 
— 
— 
— 
20 

20 

(2,223) 
— 
(736) 
(1,585) 
91 

692 
3,158 
(676) 
(1,490) 
(306) 

— 
— 
(64) 
(1,585) 
91 

—
173
(156)

2,116
24

2,140

—
—
—
—
37

37

—
—
(103)
(1,490)
(306)

(4,453) 

1,378 

(1,558) 

(1,899)

15 

14 
13 
7 

7 
10 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

2,583 

(1,148) 

(349) 

278

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

(1,341) 

(178) 

(1,566) 

(1,844)

Effect of foreign exchange rates 

(147) 

(15) 

— 

—

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

1,095 

(1,341) 

(1,915) 

(1,566)

Cash and cash equivalents comprise: 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Bank borrowings 

Notes 1 - 29 form part of these financial statements

19 
20 

1,117 
(22) 

927 
(2,268) 

— 
(1,915) 

—
(1,566)

1,095 

(1,341) 

(1,915) 

(1,566)

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group Reconciliation of Net Cash Flow to Movement in Net Debt
for the year ended 30 September 2013

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Decrease/(increase) in bank loans 
Amounts converted from current borrowings 

Cash inflow/(outflow) from change in net debt in the period 

Effect of foreign exchange rates 

Movement in net debt in the period 
Net debt at start of the period 

Net debt at end of the period 

Notes 1 - 29 form part of these financial statements

2013 
£’000 

2,436 
2,223 
— 

4,659 

2012
£’000

(1,163)
(692)
(3,158)

(5,013)

(4) 

58

4,655 
(12,949) 

(4,955)
(7,994)

(8,294) 

(12,949)

44   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

Treatt  plc  (‘the  Parent  Company’)  is  a  public  limited  company  incorporated  in  the  United  Kingdom  and  domiciled  in  England  and  Wales. 
The Parent Company’s shares are traded on the London Stock Exchange. The address of the registered office is included within the Parent 
Company Information section on page 87. 

2. ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

New and amended accounting standards
The following new standards and amendments to standards, none of which have a material impact on these financial statements, are mandatory 
and relevant to the Group for the first time for the financial year ending 30 September 2013:

• 

IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements – amendments to revise presentation of other comprehensive income – published June 2011

Accounting standards in issue but not yet effective
At the date of authorisation of these financial statements the following standards and interpretations, which have not been applied in these 
financial statements and which are considered potentially relevant, were in issue but not yet effective:

* Annual improvements 2009-2011 – published May 2012
* IAS 19   Employee benefits – amendments from post-employment benefits project – published June 2011
* IAS 27   Separate financial statements – published May 2011
* IAS 28  
* IAS 32   Financial instruments: Presentation – Offsetting of assets and liabilities – published December 2011
* IFRS 7   Financial instruments: Disclosures – Offsetting of assets and liabilities – published December 2011
  IFRS 9   Financial instruments: Classification and measurement of assets and liabilities – published November 2009, reissued October  

Investments in associates and joint ventures – published May 2011

2010. Reissued for deferral of effective date December 2011

* IFRS 10   Consolidated financial statements – published May 2011 and amended June 2012 and October 2012
* IFRS 11   Joint arrangements – published May 2011 and amended June 2012
* IFRS 12   Disclosure of interests in other entities – published May 2011 and amended June 2012 and October 2012
* IFRS 13   Fair value measurement – published May 2011
* EU endorsed

The Directors anticipate that the adoption of these standards and interpretations in future periods will have no material impact on the financial 
statements of the Group or the Parent Company when the relevant standards and interpretations come into effect.

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The significant accounting policies which have been used in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below.

Accounting convention
The Group is required to prepare its annual consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards 
(IFRS) as adopted for use by the European Union. The Parent Company has also prepared its own financial statements in accordance with 
IFRS as adopted by the European Union. The financial statements have also been prepared under the historical cost convention (unless a fair 
value basis is required by IFRS) and are in accordance with the Companies Act 2006 applicable for companies reporting under IFRS.

Of the profit for the financial year, £1.6m (2012: £2.1m) has been dealt with in the accounts of the Parent Company. The Parent Company has 
taken advantage of the exemption under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented its own income statement in these 
financial statements.

Basis of consolidation
The Group accounts consolidate the accounts of Treatt plc and all of its subsidiaries (entities controlled by the Parent Company) made up to 
30 September each year. Control is achieved where the Parent Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an 
investee entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. All intra-group transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between 
Group  companies  are  eliminated  on  consolidation.  Unrealised  losses  are  also  eliminated  unless  the  transaction  provides  evidence  of  an 
impairment of the asset transferred.

Going concern
The Directors have, at the time of approving the financial statements, a reasonable expectation that the Parent Company and the Group have 
adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus they continue to adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting in preparing the financial statements. Further detail is contained in the Directors’ Report on page 11.

Presentation of financial statements 
The primary statements within the financial information contained in this document have been presented in accordance with IAS 1, “Presentation 
of Financial Statements”. 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   45

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Investments in subsidiaries
Investments in subsidiaries in the Parent Company balance sheet are stated at cost, less any provision for impairment.

Business combinations
The acquisition of subsidiaries is accounted for using the purchase method. The cost of the acquisition is measured at the aggregate fair 
values, at the date of exchange, of assets given, liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity instruments issued by the Group in exchange for 
control of the acquiree. The acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities that meet the conditions for recognition under IFRS 
3 are recognised at their fair value at the acquisition date, except for non-current assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale 
in accordance with IFRS 5, “Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations”, which are recognised and measured at fair value 
less costs to sell.

The accounting policy for goodwill is shown later in this note under intangible assets.

The interest of non-controlling shareholders in the acquiree is initially measured at the non-controlling interest’s proportion of the net fair value 
of the assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities recognised.

Revenue recognition
Revenue represents amounts receivable net of trade discounts, VAT and other sales related taxes. Revenue is recognised in these financial 
statements when goods are physically despatched from the Group and/or Parent Company’s premises or other storage depots, irrespective 
of the terms of trade.

Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates
Transactions in currencies other than Pounds Sterling are recorded at the rate of exchange at the date of transaction. Assets and liabilities in 
foreign currencies are translated into Pounds Sterling in the balance sheet at the year-end rate. The exchange rate of the US Dollar, the principal 
foreign currency, was $1.62 (2012: $1.61) at the year end.

Income and expense items of the Group’s overseas subsidiaries are translated into Pounds Sterling at the average rate for the year. Their 
balance sheets are translated at the rate ruling at the balance sheet date.

Exchange differences which arise from the translation of the opening net assets and results of foreign subsidiaries and from translating the 
income  statement  at  an  average  rate  are  taken  to  reserves.  Under  IAS  21,  “The  Effects  of  Changes  in  Foreign  Exchange  Rates”,  these 
cumulative  translation  differences  which  are  recognised  in  the  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income  are  separately  accounted  for  within 
reserves  and  are  transferred  from  equity  to  the  income  statement  in  the  event  of  the  disposal  of  a  foreign  operation.  All  other  exchange 
differences are taken to the income statement. 

Research and development expenditure
Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense and charged to the income statement in the period in which it is incurred.

Expenditure arising from any specific development is recognised as an asset only if all of the following conditions are met:

•  An asset is created that can be identified;
• 
•  The development cost of the asset can be measured reliably.

It is probable that the asset created will generate future economic benefits; and

Development expenditure meeting these conditions is amortised on a straight line basis over its useful life. Where these conditions for capitalising 
development expenditure have not been met, the related expenditure is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred.

Leases
Rentals receivable under operating leases are recognised in the income statement as and when they fall due.

Rentals payable under operating leases, where substantially all of the benefit and risks of ownership remain with the lessor, are charged against 
profits on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

46   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Taxation
The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax attributable to current profits. 

Current tax
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the income statement 
because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never 
taxable or deductible. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated by using tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted by 
the balance sheet date. Where the Group and/or Parent Company have a net current tax asset in one legal jurisdiction and a liability in another, 
and consequently have no legal right of set off, then these assets and liabilities will be shown separately on the balance sheet as required by 
IAS 12, “Income Taxes”.

Current tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items credited or charged directly to equity, in which case 
the current tax is also dealt with in equity.

Deferred tax
Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial 
statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability 
method. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it 
is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such assets and liabilities are 
not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business 
combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction which affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests in 
joint ventures, except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference 
will not reverse in the foreseeable future. As the Group is in fact in a position to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences 
arising from its investments in subsidiaries it is not required to recognise a deferred tax liability. In view of the variety of ways in which these 
temporary differences may reverse, and the complexity of the tax laws, it is not possible to accurately compute the temporary differences 
arising from such investments. 

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of the retained earnings of overseas subsidiaries and associates only to the extent that, at the balance 
sheet date, dividends have been accrued as receivable or a binding agreement to distribute past earnings in future has been entered into by 
the subsidiary or associate.

Deferred tax is measured at the average tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which timing differences are expected to reverse, 
based on tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. 

Where the Group and/or Parent Company have a net deferred tax asset in one legal jurisdiction and a liability in another, and consequently have 
no legal right of set off, then these assets and liabilities will be shown separately on the balance sheet as required by IAS 12, “Income Taxes”.

Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items credited or charged directly to equity, in which 
case deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.

Post balance sheet events and dividends 
IAS 10, “Events after the Balance Sheet Date” requires that final dividends proposed after the balance sheet date should not be recognised 
as a liability at that balance sheet date, as the liability does not represent a present obligation as defined by IAS 37, “Provisions, Contingent 
Liabilities and Contingent Assets”. Consequently, final dividends are only recognised as a liability once formally approved at the Annual General 
Meeting and interim dividends are not recognised until paid.

Cash flow
The Statement of Cash Flows explains the movement in cash and cash equivalents and short term borrowings.

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less depreciation. 

Depreciation is provided on all property, plant and equipment, except freehold and long leasehold land, using the straight-line basis to write off 
the cost of the asset, less estimated residual value, as follows:

•  Plant and machinery: 
•  Buildings: 

4-10 years
50 years

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   47

Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Intangible assets
Other intangible assets

Amortisation (which is included within administrative expenses) is provided on all intangible assets, other than goodwill, using the straight-line 
basis to write off the cost of the asset, less estimated residual value, as follows:

•  Software licenses: 
•  Lease premium: 

  4 years
  85 years

Goodwill
Goodwill arising on consolidation represents the excess of the cost of the business combination over the Group’s interest in the net fair value 
of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is initially recognised as an asset at cost and is 
subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill which is recognised as an asset is reviewed for impairment 
at least annually in relation to the cash generating unit it represents. Any impairment is recognised immediately in the income statement and 
is not subsequently reversed. On disposal of a subsidiary, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or 
loss on disposal.

Impairment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets
Provision will be made should any impairment in the value of properties or other non-current assets occur.

The need for any non-current asset impairment write down is assessed by comparison of the carrying value of the asset against the higher of 
net realisable value and value in use.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is based on raw material costs plus attributable overheads.

Net realisable value is based on estimated selling price less further costs expected to be incurred through to disposal. Provision is made for 
obsolete, slow-moving and defective items.

Onerous contracts
Provisions for onerous contracts are recognised when the expected benefits from a contract are lower than the unavoidable costs of meeting 
the contract’s obligations.

Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised on the Group and/or Parent Company’s balance sheet when the Group and/or Parent 
Company have become a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets
Financial assets held by the Group are either classified as held for trading or are accounted for as trade receivables, loans, other receivables and 
cash and cash equivalents at amortised cost. The classification depends on the nature and purpose of the financial assets and is determined 
at the time of initial recognition.

Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables are initially recognised at fair value. They are subsequently measured at their amortised cost using the effective 
interest method less any provision for impairment. A provision for impairment is made where there is objective evidence, (including customers 
with financial difficulties or in default on payments), that amounts will not be recovered in accordance with original terms of the agreement. A 
provision for impairment is established when the carrying value of the receivable exceeds the present value of the future cash flow discounted 
using the original effective interest rate. The carrying value of the receivable is reduced through the use of an allowance account and any 
impairment loss is recognised in the income statement.

Loans receivable
All loans receivable are initially recognised at fair value. After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans are measured at amortised cost less any 
impairment loss recognised to reflect irrecoverable amounts. An impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss when there is objective evidence 
that the asset is impaired, and is measured as the difference between the loan’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future 
cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate computed at initial recognition. Impairment losses are reversed in subsequent periods when 
an increase in the loan’s recoverable amount can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, subject to 
the restriction that the carrying amount of the loan at the date the impairment is reversed shall not exceed what the amortised cost would have 
been had the impairment not been recognised.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents includes cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short term highly liquid investments with original 
maturities of three months or less. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management 
are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of the consolidated cash flow statement. Bank overdrafts are 
shown within borrowings in current liabilities on the balance sheet.

48   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Financial liabilities and equity instruments
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity 
instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group or Parent Company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
All loans and borrowings are initially recognised at the fair value of the consideration received, net of issue costs. After initial recognition, interest-
bearing loans and borrowings are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. All borrowing costs are recognised in the 
income statement in the period in which they are incurred.

Trade payables
Trade payables are not interest-bearing and are stated at their nominal value.

Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the Parent Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Derivative financial instruments and hedge accounting
The Group’s activities expose it to both the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. From time to time 
the Group uses foreign exchange forward contracts and interest rate swap contracts to hedge some of these exposures. The Group does 
not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. The use of financial derivatives is governed by the Group’s policies approved 
by the board. Further information on currency and interest rate management is provided in note 28, “Financial Instruments”. Changes in the 
fair  value  of  derivative  financial  instruments  that  are  designated  and  effective  as  cash  flow  hedging  instruments  are  recognised  directly  in 
equity. The ineffective portion is recognised immediately in the income statement. If the cash flow hedge of a firm commitment or forecasted 
transaction results in the recognition of an asset or a liability, then, at the time the asset or liability is recognised, the associated gains or losses 
on the derivative that had been previously recognised in equity are included in the initial measurement of the asset or liability. For transactions 
that do not result in the recognition of an asset or a liability, amounts deferred in equity are recognised in the income statement in the same 
period in which the hedged item affects net profit or loss. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for 
hedge accounting are recognised in the income statement as they arise. At the inception of the hedge relationship, the entity documents the 
relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, along with its risk management objectives and its strategy for undertaking 
various hedge transactions. Furthermore, at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, the Group documents whether the hedging 
instrument  that  is  used  in  a  hedging  relationship  is  highly  effective  in  offsetting  changes  in  fair  values  or  cash  flows  of  the  hedged  item. 
Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge 
accounting. At that time, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in equity is retained in equity until the forecasted 
transaction occurs. If a hedging transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss that was recognised in equity is 
recognised immediately in profit or loss for the period.

Pension costs
One of the Group’s UK subsidiaries, R C Treatt & Co Limited, operates a defined benefit scheme through an independently administered 
pension scheme.

For defined benefit retirement plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations 
being carried out every three years and updated at each balance sheet date. The post-employment benefits obligation recognised in the 
balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit pension obligations adjusted for unrecognised past service cost, and as 
reduced by the fair value of scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service costs, plus the present value of 
available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the scheme.

In accordance with IAS 19, “Employee Benefits”, the asset or liability in the defined benefit pension scheme is recognised as an asset or 
liability of the Group under non-current assets or liabilities under the heading “Post-employment benefits”. The deferred tax in respect of “Post-
employment benefits” is netted against other deferred tax assets and liabilities relating to the same jurisdiction (see Taxation accounting policy) 
and included in the deferred taxation asset or liability shown under non-current assets or liabilities.

The service cost and expected return on assets, net of interest on scheme liabilities, are reflected in the income statement for the period, in 
place of the actual cash contribution made. All experience gains or losses on the assets and liabilities of the scheme, together with the effect 
of changes in assumptions are reflected as a gain or loss in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.

The Group also operates a number of defined contribution pension schemes. The contributions for these schemes are charged to the income 
statement in the year in which they become payable.

Share options and the employee benefit trust
Shares  held  by  the  “Treatt  Employee  Benefit  Trust”  for  the  purpose  of  fulfilling  obligations  in  respect  of  various  employee  share  plans  are 
deducted from equity in the Group and Parent Company balance sheets. The treatment in the Parent Company balance sheet reflects the 
substance of the entity’s control of the trust.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   49

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Share-based payments 
IFRS 2, “Share-based Payments”, requires that an expense for equity instruments granted be recognised in the financial statements based on 
their fair value at the date of grant. The Group has adopted the Black-Scholes model for the purposes of computing fair value of options under 
IFRS. The fair value excludes the effect of non market-based vesting conditions. This expense, which is in relation to share option schemes 
for staff in the UK and USA, is recognised on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the scheme, based on the Group’s estimate of the 
number of equity instruments that will eventually vest. 

At each balance sheet date, the Group revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest as a result of the effect of 
non market-based vesting conditions. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit or loss such that the 
cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to the employee share option reserve.

Savings-related share options granted to employees are treated as cancelled when employees cease to contribute to the scheme. Cancelled 
options are accounted for as an acceleration of vesting. The unrecognised grant date fair value is recognised in profit or loss in the year that 
the options are cancelled.

Where the Parent Company grants options over its shares to employees in subsidiaries, it recognises this as a capital contribution equivalent to 
the share-based payment charge recognised in the Group Income Statement. In the financial statements of the Parent Company, this capital 
contribution is recognised as an increase in the cost of investment in subsidiaries, with the corresponding credit being recognised directly in 
equity.

Details of share-based payments are disclosed in note 24. 

Critical accounting estimates, assumptions and judgements
Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future 
events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. 
The resulting accounting estimates and assumptions will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The Group has evaluated the 
estimates and assumptions that have been made in relation to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in these financial statements. 

The key accounting judgements and sources of estimation uncertainty with a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to assets and 
liabilities in the next 12 months include the following:

Critical accounting estimates and assumptions
Pensions – movements in equity markets, interest rates and life expectancy could materially affect the level of surpluses and deficits in the 
defined benefit pension scheme. The key assumptions used to value pension assets and liabilities are set out in note 25 ‘Pension schemes’;

Useful economic life and residual value estimates – the Group reviews the useful economic lives and residual values attributed to assets on 
an on-going basis to ensure they are appropriate. Changes in economic lives or residual values could impact the carrying value and charges 
to the income statement in future periods;

Provisions – using information available at the balance sheet date, the Directors make judgements based on experience on the level of provision 
required. Further information received after the balance sheet date may impact the level of provision required;

Share-based payments – in accordance with IFRS 2 “Share-based payments”, share options and other share awards are measured at fair 
value at the date of grant. The fair value determined is then expensed in the income statement on a straight line basis over the vesting period, 
with a corresponding increase in equity. The fair value of the options is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The valuation 
of these share-based payments requires several judgements to be made in respect of the number of options that are expected to be exercised. 
Details of the assumptions made in respect of each of the share-based payment schemes are disclosed in note 24 ‘Share-based payments’. 
Changes in these assumptions could lead to changes in the income statement expense in future periods;

Goodwill – determining whether goodwill is impaired requires an estimation of the value in use of the cash-generating units to which goodwill 
has  been  allocated.  The  value  in  use  calculation  requires  the  Group  to  estimate  the  future  cash  flows  expected  to  arise  from  the  cash-
generating unit and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value. Goodwill can also include an estimate of deferred consideration 
payable using assumptions which are consistent with those used to determine the carrying value of goodwill. Future changes in performance 
or disposals could also impact the value of goodwill. Details of the assumptions made in respect of goodwill and deferred consideration are 
disclosed in note 12. These estimates could change materially in future years in line with actual and expected future performance; 

Taxation – the Group operates in a number of tax jurisdictions and estimation is required of taxable profit in order to determine the Group’s 
current tax liability. There are transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination can be uncertain. The Group periodically 
evaluates  situations  in  which  applicable  tax  regulation  is  subject  to  interpretation  and  establishes  provisions  where  appropriate  based  on 
amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.

Critical accounting judgements
Deferred tax assets - deferred tax assets are recognised for all unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be 
available against which the losses can be utilised. Management judgement is required to determine the amount of deferred tax assets that can 
be recognised, based upon the likely timing and level of future taxable profits together with future tax planning strategies;

50   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Description of the nature and purpose of each reserve within equity
Share premium account - the share premium account represents amounts received in excess of the nominal value of shares on issue of new 
shares.

Own shares in share trust - own shares in share trust relate to shares held in the Treatt Employee Benefit Trust (the ‘EBT’). The shares held in 
the EBT are all held to meet options to be exercised by employees. The number of shares held by the EBT, together with the net acquisition 
costs, are shown in the Statement of Changes in Equity. Dividends on these shares have been waived except for 0.001p per share. The market 
value of the shares held by the EBT at 30 September 2013 was £1,304,000 (2012: £884,000).

Hedging reserve - the hedging reserve comprises the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value of cash flow hedging 
instruments related to hedged transactions that have not yet occurred.

Foreign exchange reserve - the foreign exchange reserve records exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements 
of overseas subsidiaries.

Retained  earnings  -  retained  earnings  comprises  the  Group’s  annual  profits  and  losses,  actuarial  gains  and  losses  on  the  defined  benefit 
pension scheme and dividend payments, combined with the employee share option reserve which represents the equity component of share 
based payment arrangements.

4. SEGMENTAL INFORMATION

Group
Business segments
IFRS 8 requires operating segments to be identified on the basis of internal financial information reported to the Chief Operating Decision 
Maker (CODM). The Group’s CODM has been identified as the Board of Directors who are primarily responsible for the allocation of resources 
to the segments and for assessing their performance. The disclosure in the Group accounts of segmental information is consistent with the 
information used by the CODM in order to assess profit performance from the Group’s operations. 

During the year, following the implementation of a new strategy by the Board, the Group now operates as one global business segment. 
The Group is engaged in the manufacture and supply of ingredient solutions for the flavour, fragrance and consumer goods markets with 
manufacturing sites in the UK, US and Kenya. Many of the Group’s activities, including sales, manufacturing, technical, IT and finance, are now 
being managed globally on a Group basis.

Geographical segments
The following table provides an analysis of the Group’s revenue by geographical market, irrespective of the origin of the goods or services:

Revenue by destination 

United Kingdom 
Rest of Europe 
The Americas 
Rest of the World 

2013 
£’000 

 10,016  
 19,837  
 26,661  
 17,583  

2012
£’000

9,764
17,830
28,792
17,623

74,097 

74,009

All Group revenue is in respect of the sale of goods, other than property rental income of £16,000 (2012: £16,000). No customer represented 
more than 10% of Group revenue.

Non-current assets by geographical location, excluding deferred tax assets, were as follows:

United Kingdom 
United States 
Rest of the World 

2013 
£’000 

 7,622 
 6,139  
302  

2012
£’000

7,749
5,869
309

14,063 

13,927

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

5. OPERATING PROFIT is stated after charging/(crediting)

Group 

Depreciation of property, plant & equipment 
Amortisation of intangible assets (included in administrative expenses) 
Loss on disposal of property, plant & equipment 
Research and development costs 
Operating leases 
  – plant & machinery 
  – land & buildings 
Net exchange gain on trading activities 
Rent receivable 
Cost of inventories recognised as expense 
Shipping costs 
IT & telephony costs 
Insurance costs 
Energy & utility costs 

The analysis of auditor’s remuneration is as follows: 

Fees payable to the Parent Company’s auditors and their associates for the audit of:
  – the Parent Company and Group accounts 
  – the Group’s subsidiaries pursuant to legislation 

Total audit fees 

Fees payable to the Parent Company’s auditors and their associates for other services  
  to the Group:
  – tax compliance services 
  – tax advisory services 
  – corporate finance services (included in exceptional items) 
  – (over)/under accrual from prior years and disbursements 

Total non-audit fees  

6. EMPLOYEES

Group
Number of employees
During the year the average number of staff employed by the Group, including Directors, was as follows:

Technical and production 
Administration and sales 

Employment costs 
The followings costs were incurred in respect of the above:

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Pension costs (see note 25) 
Share-based payments (see note 24) 

2013 
£’000 

1,219 
181 
3 
657 

17 
75 
(56) 
(16) 
46,548 
1,569 
565 
457 
543 

28 
57 

85 

11 
— 
34 
(4) 

41 

2012
£’000

1,104
159
—
512

32
49
(258)
(16)
48,337
1,677
540
444
501

27
55

82

12
1
—
5

18

2013 
Number 

2012
Number

182 
122 

304 

2013 
£’000 

10,127 
992 
710 
22 

151
134

285

2012
£’000

9,223
877
629
25

11,851 

10,754

Directors 
The information on Directors’ emoluments and share options set out on pages 31 to 35 form part of these financial statements.

52   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. NET FINANCE COSTS

Group 

Finance revenue  

Finance costs     

– bank interest received 
– pension finance income (see note 25) 

– bank overdraft interest paid 
– other bank finance costs  
– loan interest paid 
– loan note interest paid 

8. EXCEPTIONAL ITEMS

The exceptional item referred to in the income statement can be categorised as follows:

Group 

Compensation for loss of office 
Legal and professional fees 
Corporate finance advisory and other costs 

2013 
£’000 

22 
63 

85 

(555) 
(56) 
(115) 
(10) 

(736) 

2013 
£’000 

— 
634 
459 

1,093 

2012
£’000

       58
50

108

 (517)
(46)
(103)
(10)

(676)

2012
£’000

598
—
—

598

The exceptional items in the year all relate to non-recurring items. The legal and professional fees relate to the Earthoil earnout contract dispute. 
The corporate finance advisory and other costs relate to advice taken to support the Group in discussions with the Bovill family shareholders 
and related matters.

9. TAXATION

Group 

Analysis of tax charge in income statement: 
Current tax: 
UK corporation tax on profits for the period 
Adjustments to UK tax in respect of previous periods 
Overseas corporation tax on profits for the period 
Adjustments to overseas tax in respect of previous periods 

Total current tax 

Deferred tax: 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 
Effect of reduced tax rate on opening assets and liabilities 
Adjustments in respect of previous periods 

Total deferred tax (see note 16) 

Tax on profit on ordinary activities 

Analysis of tax credit/(charge) in other comprehensive income:
Current tax: 
Foreign currency translation differences 
Actuarial loss on defined benefit pension scheme 
Deferred tax: 
Foreign currency translation differences 
Cash flow hedges 
Actuarial loss on defined benefit pension scheme 

Total tax credit recognised in other comprehensive income 

2013 
£’000 

2012
£’000

953 
7 
581 
(45) 

1,496 

163 
(3) 
(1) 

159 

206
(12)
700
7

901

533
—
(44)

489

1,655 

1,390

30 
72 

— 
(135) 
158 

125 

9
—

(12)
30
110

137

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

9. TAXATION (continued)

Factors affecting tax charge for the year: 
The  tax  assessed  for  the  year  is  different  from  that  calculated  at  the  standard  rate  of  corporation  tax  in  the  UK  of  23.5%  (2012:  25%).    
The differences are explained below:

Profit before tax multiplied by standard rate of UK corporation tax at 23.5% (2012: 25%) 

Effects of: 
Expenses not deductible in determining taxable profit and other items 
Difference in tax rates on overseas earnings 
Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior years 

2013 
£’000 

1,206 

300 
188 
(39) 

2012
£’000

1,116

92
231
(49)

Total tax charge for the year 

1,655 

1,390

The main rate of UK corporation tax was reduced from 24% to 23% with effect from 1 April 2013. The Group’s effective UK corporation tax  
rate for the year was therefore 23.5% (2012: 25%) The adjustments in respect of prior years relate to the finalisation of previous year’s tax 
computations.

In March 2013, the UK Government published the Finance Bill 2013 that included proposals to reduce further the main rate of UK corporation 
tax to 21% with effect from 1 April 2014 and to 20% with effect from 1 April 2015. The Finance Bill 2013 was substantively enacted in 2 July 
2013. The reduction to 21% has been reflected in these financial statements and the further reduction to 20% will affect the Group’s tax 
expense for the 2014 financial year onwards.

10. DIVIDENDS

Parent Company and Group 

Equity dividends on ordinary shares: 
Interim dividend 
Final dividend 

Dividend per share for years
ended 30 September
20121 
Pence 

20132 
Pence 

20111 
Pence 

5.5p 
13.0p 

18.5p 

5.1p 
10.4p 

15.5p 

4.8p 
9.7p 

14.5p 

2013 
£’000 

521 
1,064 

1,585 

2012
£’000

493
997

1,490

1 Accounted for in the subsequent year in accordance with IFRS.
2 The declared interim dividend for the year ended 30 September 2013 of 5.5 pence was approved by the Board on 9 May 2013 and was paid on 18 October 2013. Accordingly it has 
not been included as a deduction from equity at 30 September 2013. The proposed final dividend for the year ended 30 September 2013 of 13.0 pence will be voted on at the Annual 
General Meeting on 24 February 2014. Both dividends will therefore be accounted for in the financial statements for the year ended 30 September 2014.

11. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue and ranking for dividend during the year. The 
weighted average number of shares excludes shares held by the EBT.

Earnings (£’000) 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue (No: ‘000) 

Basic earnings per share (pence) 

2013 

2012

3,479 
10,228 

3,072
10,227

34.0p 

30.0p

54   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. EARNINGS PER SHARE (continued)

Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue and ranking for dividend during the year, 
adjusted for the effect of all dilutive potential ordinary shares.

The number of shares used to calculate earnings per share (EPS) have been derived as follows:

Weighted average number of shares 
Weighted average number of shares held in the EBT 

Weighted average number of shares used for calculating basic EPS 

Executive share option schemes 
Savings-related share options 

Weighted average number of shares used for calculating diluted EPS 

Diluted earnings per share (pence) 

2013 
No (’000) 

2012
No (’000)

10,481 
(253) 

10,481
(254)

10,228 

10,227

2 
45 

—
36

10,275 

10,263

33.9p 

29.9p

Adjusted earnings per share
Adjusted earnings per share measures are calculated based on profits for the year attributable to owners of the Parent Company before 
exceptional items as follows:

Earnings for calculating basic and diluted earnings per share 
Adjusted for:
Exceptional items (see note 8) 
Taxation thereon 

Earnings for calculating adjusted earnings per share 

Adjusted basic earnings per share (pence) 
Adjusted diluted earnings per share (pence) 

12. GOODWILL 

Group 

Cost 
1 October 2011 
Decrease in estimated deferred consideration 

1 October 2012 
Disposal of cash generating unit 

30 September 2013 

Accumulated impairment losses 
1 October 2011 

1 October 2012 

30 September 2013 

Carrying amount 

30 September 2013 

30 September 2012 

2013 
£’000 

3,479 

1,093 
(155) 

4,417 

43.2p 
43.0p 

2012
£’000

3,072

598
(150)

3,520

34.4p
34.3p

Goodwill
£’000

3,624
(112)

3,512
(5)

3,507

2,432

2,432

2,432

1,075

1,080

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

12. GOODWILL (continued)

In March 2007 the Parent Company acquired 50% of Earthoil Plantations Limited and Earthoil Kenya EPZ Pty Limited (collectively known as 
‘Earthoil’) and in the financial year ending 30 September 2008 the remaining 50% of Earthoil was acquired. The consideration for the second 
50% is entirely based upon an earnout formula in relation to the profits of Earthoil in the calendar years 2010 and 2011. Deferred consideration 
of £23,000 (2012: £23,000) has been included in goodwill in relation to the earnout notice which has been issued but not yet settled as it is the 
subject of an on-going dispute (see note 27). 

The goodwill arising on the acquisition of Earthoil is attributable to the anticipated profitability of Earthoil’s products in new and rapidly growing 
existing markets and the anticipated future operating synergies from the combination.

The Group tests goodwill annually for impairment, or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill might be impaired. The recoverable 
amount of goodwill arising on the acquisition of Earthoil is determined from value in use calculations. The key assumptions for the value in 
use calculations are those regarding the discount rates, revenue, overhead growth rates and perpetuity growth rate. Management estimates 
discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to Earthoil. As at the year 
ended 30 September 2013, the impairment review has concluded that the value in use of Earthoil now significantly exceeds its carrying value. 
In performing this impairment review, the Group has prepared cash flow forecasts derived from the most recent financial budgets approved by 
the Board, and then estimates revenue growth for the following four years at 6.25% (2012: 6.25%) per annum, with overheads assumed to 
increase at 5% (2012: 5%) per annum. Thereafter, a growth rate for pre-tax profit of 2% (2012: 2%) per annum is assumed into perpetuity. A 
rate of 12.5% (2012: 12.5%) has been used to discount the forecast cash flows. The key assumptions are based on past experience adjusted 
for expected changes in future conditions.

Based upon this impairment review the recoverable amount of Earthoil exceeds its carrying amount by £10.2m (2012: £6.0m). The recoverable 
amount is most sensitive to changes in the discount rate and sales growth. A 1% change in the discount rate would affect the recoverable 
amount by £1m and a 1% change in sales growth would also change the recoverable amount by £1m.

13. OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Group 

Cost 
1 October 2011 
Exchange adjustment 
Additions 

1 October 2012 
Additions 
Disposals 

30 September 2013 

Amortisation 
1 October 2011 
Charge for period 

1 October 2012 
Charge for period 
Disposals 

30 September 2013 

Net book value 

30 September 2013 

30 September 2012 

Lease 
premium 
£’000 

Software
licences 
£’000 

Total
£’000

972 
(1) 
136 

1,107 
147 
(73) 

629 
(1) 
136 

764 
147 
(73) 

838 

1,181 

225 
155 

380 
177 
(73) 

484 

354 

384 

230 
159 

389 
181 
(73) 

497 

684 

718 

343 
— 
— 

343 
— 
— 

343 

5 
4 

9 
4 
— 

13 

330 

334 

Intangible assets with a net book value of £4,000 (2012: £2,000) have been pledged as security in relation to the Industrial Development Loan 
detailed in note 20.

56   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Group 

Cost 
1 October 2011 
Exchange adjustment 
Additions 
Disposals 

1 October 2012 
Exchange adjustment 
Additions 
Disposals 
Disposal of subsidiary 

30 September 2013 

Depreciation 
1 October 2011 
Exchange adjustment 
Charge for period 
Disposals 

1 October 2012 
Exchange adjustment 
Charge for period 
Disposals 
Disposal of subsidiary 

30 September 2013 

Net book value

30 September 2013 

30 September 2012 

Analysis of land & buildings

Net book value 

Freehold 
Long Leasehold 

Land & 

Plant &
Buildings  Machinery 
£’000 

£’000 

6,379 
(120) 
— 
— 

6,259 
(10) 
12 
— 
— 

8,989 
(118) 
2,651 
(10) 

11,512 
(50) 
1,421 
(443) 
(7) 

Total
£’000

15,368
(238)
2,651
(10)

17,771
(60)
1,433
(443)
(7)

6,261 

12,433 

18,694

710 
(23) 
139 
— 

826 
(4) 
136 
— 
— 

958 

4,538 
(91) 
965 
(10) 

5,402 
(26) 
1,083 
(439) 
(2) 

5,248
(114)
1,104
(10)

6,228
(30)
1,219
(439)
(2)

6,018 

6,976

5,303 

5,433 

6,415 

11,718

6,110 

11,543

2013 
£’000 

4,548 
755 

5,303 

2012
£’000

4,662
771

5,433

Included in plant and machinery are assets in the course of construction totalling £516,000 (2012: £354,000).

Property,  plant  and  equipment  with  a  net  book  value  of  £5.8m  (2012:  £5.5m)  has  been  pledged  as  security  in  relation  to  the  Industrial 
Development Loan and Equipment Financing Loan detailed in note 20.

Capital commitments 

Contracted but not provided for   

2013 
£’000 

134 

2012
£’000

304

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

15. INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES

Parent Company 

Cost 
1 October 2011 
Decrease in estimated deferred consideration 

1 October 2012 
Capital contribution to subsidiaries 

30 September 2013 

Parent Company 

Subsidiary: 
R C Treatt & Co Limited – at cost
50,000 ordinary shares of £1 each, fully paid 

Treatt USA Inc – at cost
2,975,000 common stock of US$1 each, fully paid 

Earthoil Plantations Limited
4,051,000 ordinary shares of 50p each, fully paid 

Earthoil Kenya Pty Limited
2,500 ‘A’ ordinary shares of KES20 each, fully paid
2,500 ‘B’ ordinary shares of KES20 each, fully paid 

Total
£’000

5,328
(112)

5,216
22

5,238

2013 
£’000 

2012
£’000

2,318 

2,299

1,845 

1,842

923 

923

152 

5,238 

152

5,216

Subsidiary 

Country 

Holding 

Principal activity

R C Treatt & Co Limited 
Treatt USA Inc 
Earthoil Plantations Limited  
Earthoil Kenya EPZ Pty Limited  
Earthoil Extracts Limited 

England 
USA 
England 
Kenya 
Kenya 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

Supply of flavour and fragrance ingredients
Supply of flavour and fragrance ingredients
Supply of natural cosmetic ingredients
Supply of organic & fair trade vegetable oils
Supply of organic & fair trade essential oils

Group
The loss on disposal of subsidiaries relates to Earthoil India Private Limited that ceased to trade as at 31 December 2012 and resulted in a loss 
of £60,000. Due to the immaterial amounts involved no further disclosures have been made.

58   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. DEFERRED TAXATION

Group 

UK deferred tax asset 
Overseas deferred tax liability 

Net deferred tax liability 

2013 
£’000 

278 
(1,001) 

(723) 

2012
£’000

286
(880)

(594)

A reconciliation of the net deferred liability is shown below:

UK Deferred Tax 

Overseas Deferred Tax 

Total

Post- 
employment 
benefits 
£’000 

Fixed 
assets 
£’000 

Cash flow 
hedge 
£’000 

Other 
temporary 
differences 
£’000 

193 
— 

(111) 
110 

192 
— 

(17) 

158 

333 

(260) 
— 

65 
— 

(195) 
— 

29 

— 

(166) 

207 
— 

1 
30 

238 
— 

(27) 

(135) 

76 

131 
— 

(68) 
(12) 

51 
— 

(16) 

— 

35 

Fixed 
assets 
£’000 

(631) 
32 

(401) 
— 

(1,000) 
7 

(111) 

— 

Other
temporary
differences 
£’000 

99 
(4) 

25 
— 

120 
— 

(17) 

— 

£’000

(261)
28

(489)
128

(594)
7

(159)

23

(1,104) 

103 

(723)

Group 

1 October 2011 
Exchange differences 
(Charge)/credit to income 
  statement 
(Charge)/credit to equity 

1 October 2012 
Exchange differences 
(Charge)/credit to income 
  statement 
Credit/(charge) to other 
  comprehensive income 

30 September 2013 

At the balance sheet date, Earthoil Plantations Limited had unused tax losses of £Nil (2012: £224,000) available for offset against its future 
profits and R C Treatt & Co Limited had a deferred tax asset in relation to its pension liability. R C Treatt & Co Limited has a specific plan in place 
to reverse the deficit and so this deferred tax asset has also been recognised.

The deferred tax rate applied to UK companies within the Group is 21% (2012: 23%) as legislation has been substantively enacted which 
reduces the main rate of UK corporation tax from 23% for the 2013/14 tax year to 21% in 2014/15. A further reduction to 20% for the 2015/16 
tax year has also been substantively enacted and will be reflected in the 2014 financial statements.

17. INVENTORIES

Group 

Raw materials 
Work in progress and intermediate products 
Finished goods 

2013 
£’000 

11,736 
8,135 
3,798 

2012
£’000

11,887
5,631
5,397

23,669 

22,915

Inventory with a carrying value of £8.1m (2012: £8.2m) has been pledged as security in relation to the Industrial Development Loan detailed  
in note 20.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

18. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Current 

Trade receivables 
Amounts owed by subsidiaries 
Other receivables 
Prepayments 

Non-current 

Other receivables 

Group 

2013 
£’000 

11,448 
— 
931 
828 

2012 
£’000 

12,368 
— 
851 
740 

13,207 

13,959 

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

— 
454 
— 
— 

454 

—
45
13
—

58

Group 

2013 
£’000 

586 

2012 
£’000 

586 

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

586 

 586 

The  Group’s  credit  risk  is  primarily  attributable  to  its  trade  receivables.  Before  accepting  any  new  customer,  the  Group  uses  a  range  of 
information, including credit reports, industry data and other publicly or privately available information in order to assess the potential customer’s 
credit quality and defines credit limits by customer, and where appropriate will only accept orders on the basis of cash in advance, or if secured 
through a bank letter of credit. Processes are in place to manage trade receivables and overdue debt and to ensure that appropriate action is 
taken to resolve issues on a timely basis. Credit control operating procedures are in place to review all new customers. Existing customers are 
reviewed as management become aware of any specific changes in circumstances. The average credit period taken for trade receivables is 59 
days (2012: 57 days). An impairment review has been undertaken at the balance sheet date to assess whether the carrying amount of financial 
assets is deemed recoverable. The primary credit risk relates to customers which have amounts due outside of their credit period. A provision 
for impairment is made when there is objective evidence of impairment which is usually indicated by a delay in the expected cash flows or 
non-payment from customers. The amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of amounts that are individually determined to be impaired 
of £0.2m (2012: £0.1m), estimated by the Group’s management based on prior experience and their assessment of the current economic 
environment. The Group’s top five customers represent 25% (2012: 23%) of the Group’s turnover. These customers have favourable credit 
ratings and consequently reduce the credit risk of the Group’s overall trade receivables. The Directors consider that the carrying amount of 
trade and other receivables approximates to their fair value. The Group holds no collateral against these receivables at the balance sheet date. 

The ageing profile of trade receivables which are past their due date but not impaired is as follows:

Group 

2013 

2012 

The ageing profile of impaired trade receivables is as follows:

Group 

2013 

2012 

Number of days past the due date
Over 60
31-60 
£’000 
£’000

1-30 
£’000 

1,842 

1,471 

489 

780 

187

285

Number of days past the due date

Current 
£’000 

1-30 
£’000 

31-60 
£’000 

Over 60
£’000

95 

35 

17 

6 

1 

4 

51

104

60   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (continued)

At 30 September 2013 £3.2m (2012: £3.1m) of trade receivables were denominated in Sterling, £6.9m (2012: £8m) in US Dollars and £1.5m 
(2012: £1.2m) in Euros. The currency risk in respect of trade receivables is managed in conjunction with the other currency risks faced by the 
Group as part of its overall hedging strategy. For further details see note 28 and the Financial review on pages 69 to 72.

Trade receivables with a carrying value of £2.6m (2012: £2.8m) have been pledged as security in relation to the Industrial Development Loan 
detailed in note 20.

There is no credit risk associated with non-current other receivables of £0.6m (2012: £0.6m) as these amounts are contractually fully recoverable 
against loan notes payable of £0.7m (2012: £0.7m) when they fall due, and are recoverable at an earlier date if deferred consideration in respect 
of Earthoil becomes payable. 

19. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Group
Cash and cash equivalents of £1,117,000 (2012: £927,000) comprise cash held by the Group and short term deposits with an original maturity 
of one month or less. The carrying amount of these assets approximates to their fair value.

A detailed analysis of cash balances by currency is shown in note 28. All material cash balances are held with the Group’s main banks, being 
Lloyds Banking Group, HSBC and Bank of America. The credit ratings of these banks are considered to be satisfactory.

20. BORROWINGS

Current 

US term loans 
UK revolving credit facilities 
Bank borrowings 

Non-current 

US term loans 
UK revolving credit facilities 

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

— 
— 
1,915 

1,915 

 — 
—
1,566

1,566

Group 

Group 

2013 
£’000 

500 
— 
22 

522 

2013 
£’000 

2,096 
6,793 

8,889 

2012 
£’000 

566 
5,573 
2,268 

8,407 

2012
£’000

2,311
3,158

5,469

US loans and borrowings
US term loans include an industrial development loan of £1,279,000 (2012: £1,440,000) and equipment financing loans of £1,317,000 (2012: 
£1,438,000). 

The industrial development loan is repayable by fixed quarterly instalments over 20 years ending on 1 July 2021. The rate of interest payable 
has been fixed at 3.66% for ten years ending on 1 July 2021 by way of an interest rate swap which covers the full term of the loan. The fair 
value of this interest rate swap at the year-end was £135,000 (2012: £196,000) based on yea- end exchange rates. The fair value of this swap 
is not included on the balance sheet or through the income statement as the amount involved is not material. Similarly, the Directors do not 
apply hedge accounting in respect of US borrowings due to the lack of materiality of the items involved. 

The equipment financing loans of £1,026,000 (2012: £1,296,000) and £291,000 (2012: £142,000) are repayable by fixed monthly instalments 
over five years ending on 30 March and 31 December 2017, with fixed interest rates of 4.36% and 2.89% respectively.

The US Dollar overdraft facility (‘line of credit’) of $4 million is a four year facility expiring in 2017. The US term loans and line of credit, both held 
by Treatt USA Inc., are secured by a fixed and floating charge over Treatt USA’s current and non-current assets.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

20. BORROWINGS (continued)

Other borrowings
The Group’s UK overdraft facilities are unsecured. UK borrowings of $9m are held on a three year revolving credit facility (RCF) which expires 
in 2016, and £1.2m on a three year RCF expiring in 2015. The rate of interest on $9m of UK revolving credit facilities has been fixed for ten 
years at a rate of 5.68% through an interest rate swap. Hedge accounting has been applied to the fair value of this swap, details of which are 
provided in note 28.

Borrowings are repayable as follows:

– in one year or less 
– in more than one year but not more than two years 
– in more than two years but not more than five years 
– in more than five years 

2013 
£’000 

522 
1,749 
6,647 
493 

9,411 

2012
£’000

8,407
436
4,383
650

13,876

Further information on Group borrowing facilities is given in notes 27 and 28, including a detailed analysis of cash balances by currency.

Borrowing facilities
At 30 September 2013, the Group had total borrowing facilities of £19.9m (2012: £20.1m) of which £6.0m (2012: £11.6m) expire in one year 
or less and £11.6m (2012: £7.2m) were undrawn.

21. PROVISIONS

Group 

Onerous contract provision: 
At start of year 
Utilised in year 
Additional provision in year 

Balance at end of year 

2013 
£’000 

2012
£’000

— 
— 
49 

49 

79
(79)
—

—

Onerous contract provisions relate to losses which are or were expected to materialise in the following twelve months on fixed price contracts 
as a result of significant increases in certain raw material prices.

22. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Current 

Trade payables 
Amounts owed to subsidiaries 
Other taxes and social security costs 
Accruals 

Non-current 

Other creditors and accruals 

62   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Group 

Group 

2013 
£’000 

7,434 
— 
415 
3,443 

11,292 

2013 
£’000 

23 

2012 
£’000 

5,275 
— 
580 
3,083 

8,938 

2012 
£’000 

23 

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

— 
— 
4 
— 

4 

 — 
27
3
4

34

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

23 

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES (continued)

Trade payables principally comprise amounts for trade purchases and on-going costs. The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade 
and other payables approximates to their fair values.

At 30 September 2013 £2.2m (2012: £1.2m) of trade payables were denominated in Sterling, £4.1m (2012: £2.5m) in US Dollars and £0.9m 
(2012: £0.5m) in Euros. The currency risk in respect of trade payables is managed in conjunction with the other currency risks faced by the 
Group as part of its overall hedging strategy. For further details see note 28 and the Financial Review on pages 69 to 72.

Non-current other creditors and accruals relates to the deferred consideration payable to the vendors in relation to the acquisition of Earthoil. 
See note 12 for further information. 

23. SHARE CAPITAL

Parent Company and Group 
Called up, allotted and fully paid 

At start and end of period 

2013 
£’000 

2013 
Number 

2012 
£’000 

2012 
Number

1,048 

10,481,034 

1,048 

 10,481,034 

The Parent Company has one class of ordinary shares, with a nominal value of 10p each, which carry no right to fixed income.

24. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS

Group
The Group has applied the requirements of IFRS2 “Share-based payments”. 

The Group operates executive share option schemes for Directors and senior management within the Group in addition to issuing UK and US 
approved savings-related share options for employees of certain subsidiaries. Options are granted with a fixed exercise price and will lapse 
when an employee leaves the Group subject to certain ‘good leaver’ provisions.

Under the schemes listed below, options have been granted to subscribe for the following number of existing ordinary shares of 10p each in the 
capital of the Parent Company. All share options are expected to be settled via the transfer of shares out of the “Treatt Employee Benefit Trust”.

The options outstanding at 30 September 2013 for which a share-based payment charge of £22,000 (2012: £25,000) has been made are as 
follows:

UK Executive Options 2012 
US Executive Options 2012 
UK SAYE1 Scheme 2011  
UK SAYE Scheme 2012 
UK SAYE Scheme 2013 
US ESPP2 scheme 2013 

1 Save as you earn 
2 Employee stock purchase plan

Number 
of shares 
outstanding 

Number 
exercised 
in year 

Exercise
price per
share 

Date option exercisable

2,564 
19,548 
22,170 
40,178 
25,652 
4,409 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

390.0p 
395.0p 
340.0p 
267.0p 
489.0p 
501.0p 

Dec 2015 – Dec 2022
Dec 2015 – Dec 2022
Sep 2014 - Mar 2015
Sep 2015 - Mar 2016
Sep 2016 - Mar 2017
July 2014

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

24. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS (continued)

The fair value per option granted using the “Black-Scholes” model, and the assumptions used in the share-based payments calculations, are 
as follows:

Share price at date of grant 
Contractual life 
Expected life 
Expected volatility 
Risk-free interest rate 
Dividend yield 
Expected cancellations 
Expected forfeitures 
Fair value per option at date of grant 

SAYE 2011 

SAYE 2012 

SAYE 2013 

UK Exec 
2012 

US Exec 
2012 

US ESPP
2013

422.5p 
3.5 years 
3 years 
21.8% 
1.83% 
3.2% 
15.0% 
15.0% 
76.5p 

316.5p 
3.5 years 
3 years 
21.1% 
0.57% 
4.7% 
10.0% 
10.0% 
40.6p 

617.5p 
3.5 years 
3 years 
23.6% 
1.30% 
2.6% 
10.0% 
10.0% 
131.8p 

390.0p 
10 years 
3 years 
21.1% 
0.84% 
4.0% 
0.0% 
25.0% 
41.2p 

390.0p 
10 years 
5 years 
21.7% 
0.84% 
4.0% 
0.0% 
25.0% 
42.2p 

617.5p
1 year
1 year
26.8%
1.30%
2.6%
10.0%
10.0%
114.2p

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over a period equivalent to the vesting period 
of the respective options prior to their date of grant.

The risk-free interest rate was based on the simple average of the historical daily gilt yields quoted for five year benchmark gilts during the 
month in which a grant of options is made.

Details of movements in share options during the year were as follows:

Outstanding at start of period 
Granted during the period 
Forfeited during the period 
Exercised during the period 
Expired during the period 
Cancelled during the period 

Outstanding at end of period 

Exercisable at end of period 

2013 
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 

£2.69 
£4.50 
£2.78 
£2.30 
— 
£3.03 

No of 
options 

111,671 
52,173 
(7,722) 
(39,797) 
— 
(1,804) 

No of 
options 

120,283 
52,139 
(3,038) 
(46,531) 
(7,716) 
(3,466) 

114,521 

£3.64 

111,671 

— 

— 

— 

2012
Weighted
average
exercise 
price

£2.37
£2.69
£3.09
£1.70
£3.64
£2.50

£2.69

—

Forfeiture arises when the employee is no longer entitled to participate in the savings-related share option scheme as a consequence of leaving 
the Group whereas cancellation arises when a participant voluntarily chooses to cease their membership of a scheme within the vesting period. 

The options outstanding had a weighted average remaining contractual period of 3.7 years (2012: 2.4 years). The weighted average actual 
market share price on date of exercise for share options exercised during the year was 628.4 pence (2012: 342.5 pence) and the weighted 
average fair value of options granted during the year was 92.3 pence (2012: 39.7 pence).

64   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. PENSION SCHEMES

Group
The Group operates a wholly-funded defined benefit pension scheme for certain UK employees. The scheme’s assets are held separately 
from the assets of the Group and are administered by trustees and managed professionally. From 1 October 2001 this scheme was closed to 
new entrants. Pensionable salary for the remaining members of the scheme is based upon the lower of their actual salary upon retirement or 
leaving the Group and their 2003 salary as increased by inflation. Following consultation with members, they agreed that the scheme will not 
be subject to any further accruals after 31 December 2012 and instead members of the final salary pension scheme were offered membership 
of a defined contribution pension plan with effect from 1 January 2013.

Defined contribution schemes are operated on behalf of eligible employees, the assets of which are held separately from those of the Group 
in independently administered funds.

The pension charge for the year principally represents contributions payable to the defined contribution schemes, together with the current 
service cost for the year (until 31 December 2012 as explained above) in relation to the defined benefit pension scheme, amounting to:

Defined benefit scheme – current service cost 
Defined contribution schemes 
Curtailment gain 
Other pension costs 

2013 
£’000 

112 
574 
— 
24 

710 

2012
£’000

481
312
(188)
24

629

The Group accounts for pensions in accordance with IAS 19, “Employee Benefits”, details of which are as follows:

The valuation used for IAS 19 disclosures in respect of the defined benefit pension scheme (“the scheme”) has been based on the most 
recent actuarial valuation at 1 January 2012 carried out by Barnett Waddingham and updated by Mrs L Lawson, a Fellow of the Institute and 
Faculty of Actuaries, to take account of the requirements of IAS 19 in order to assess the liabilities of the scheme at 30 September 2013. 
Scheme assets are stated at their market value as at that date.

The financial assumptions used to calculate scheme liabilities and assets under IAS 19 are:

2013 

2012

Discount rate 
Expected return on scheme assets 
Rate of increase in salaries 
Rate of increase in pensions in payment – CPI max 5% 
Rate of increase in pensions in payment – CPI max 3% 
Rate of increase in pensions in payment – CPI max 2.5% 
Rate of inflation (CPI) 
Rate of inflation (RPI) 
Mortality table 

Life expectancy for male aged 65 now 
Life expectancy for male aged 65 in 10 years’ time 
Commutation allowance 

4.65% 
6.17% 
N/A 
2.35% 
2.20% 
2.00% 
2.35% 
3.35% 
100% of S1PxA table with  

4.60%
5.23%
N/A
1.60%
1.55%
1.50%
1.60%
2.60%
100% of S1PxA table with
CMI_2011 projections with a   CMI_2011 projections with a
long term average rate of
improvement of 1% pa 
22.0
22.6
20%

long term average rate of  
improvement of 1% pa 
22.1 
22.7 
20% 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

25. PENSION SCHEMES (Continued)

The expected return on individual classes of pension scheme assets are determined by reference to external indices and after taking advice 
from external advisers. The overall expected rate of return shown above is the weighted average of the returns allowing for anticipated balances 
held in each asset class according to the scheme’s investment strategy. The Group expects to make on-going contributions of approximately 
£297,000 to its defined benefit pension scheme in 2014 (2013: £389,000).

2013 
£’000 

8,653 
5,213 
3,256 
49 

2012
£’000

9,011
—
5,560
1,027

17,171 

15,598

(18,760)  

(16,436)

(1,589) 
333 

(838)
192

(1,256)              

(646)

(16,436) 
(112) 
(747) 
— 
560 
(2,025) 

(14,477)
(481)
(788)
188
612
(1,490)

(18,760) 

(16,436)

15,598 
810 
356 
(560) 
967 

13,674
838
686
(612)
1,012

17,171 

15,598

Scheme assets: 
Equities 
Target return funds 
Bonds 
Other 

Fair value of scheme assets 

Present value of funded obligations (scheme liabilities) 

Deficit in the scheme recognised in the balance sheet 
Related deferred tax 

Net pension liability 

Changes in scheme liabilities 
Balance at start of period 
Current service cost 
Interest cost 
Curtailment 
Benefits paid 
Actuarial loss 

Balance at end of period 

Changes in scheme assets 
Balance at start of period 
Expected return on scheme assets 
Employer contributions 
Benefits paid 
Actuarial gain 

Balance at end of period 

66   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. PENSION SCHEMES (Continued)

Amount charged to operating profit 
Current service cost (excluding employee contributions) 
Curtailment 

Total operating charge 

Amount credited to finance revenue
Expected return on assets 
Interest on scheme liabilities 

Net finance revenue 

Net expense recognised in income statement 

Amount recognised in statement of comprehensive income
Actual less expected return on assets 
Experience gains on liabilities 
Effect of change in assumptions on liabilities 

Total loss recognised in statement of comprehensive income 

Actual return on scheme assets 

Statement of comprehensive income 
Actuarial gain from assets 
Actuarial loss from liabilities 

Actuarial loss recognised in statement of comprehensive income 

2013 
£’000 

2012
£’000

(112) 
— 

(112) 

810 
(747) 

63 

(49) 

(481)
188

(293)

838
(788)

50

(243)

967 
— 
           (2,025) 

1,012
41
(1,531)

(1,058) 

(478)

1,777 

1,850

967 
(2,025) 

(1,058) 

1,012
(1,490)

(478)

Cumulative actuarial loss recognised in statement of comprehensive income 

(2,343) 

(1,285)

Movement in balance sheet net liability during the period 
Net liability at start of period 
Current service cost 
Curtailment 
Cash contribution 
Other finance income 
Actuarial loss 

Net liability at end of period 

History of scheme assets, liabilities, experience gains and losses: 

(838) 
(112) 
— 
356 
63 
(1,058) 

(803)
(481)
188
686
                 50
(478)

(1,589) 

(838)

Scheme assets 
Scheme liabilities 

Net liability 

Difference between expected and actual returns 
  on scheme assets: 

Experience gains/(losses) on scheme liabilities: 

Total actuarial (loss)/gain: 

2013 
£’000 

17,171 
(18,760) 

(1,589) 

967 

— 

(1,058) 

2012 
£’000 

2011 
£’000 

2010 
£’000 

2009
£’000

15,598 
(16,436) 

13,674 
(14,477) 

13,737 
(15,333) 

12,427
(14,427)

(838) 

(803) 

(1,596) 

(2,000)

1,012 

(1,099) 

41 

(478) 

20 

599 

151 

110 

172 

544

(190)

(1,821)

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

25. PENSION SCHEMES (continued)

Approximate effect of change of assumptions on liability values at 30 September 2013:

Change: 

Reduce discount rate by 0.25% pa 
Increase inflation and all related assumptions by 0.1% pa 
Increase life expectancy by one year 

26. COMMITMENTS UNDER OPERATING LEASES

Increases liability by:
£’000

880
255
540

The Group as lessee
As at 30 September 2013, the Group had total commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases 
which fall due as follows:

Within one year 
Within one to two years 
In two to five years 

2013 
£’000 

28 
10 
21 

59 

2012
£’000

40
18
    31 

89

The Group as lessor
As at 30 September 2013, the Group had contracted with tenants for the following future minimum lease payments which fall due as follows:

Within one year 

27. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

2013 
£’000 

8 

2012
£’000

8

Parent Company
The Parent Company has guaranteed the Industrial Development Loan and ‘Line of Credit’ for Treatt USA Inc. At the balance sheet date the 
liability covered by this guarantee amounted to US$2,070,000 (£1,279,000) (2012: US$2,325,000 (£1,440,000)).

The Parent Company has also guaranteed certain bank borrowings of its UK subsidiaries R C Treatt & Co. Limited and Earthoil Plantations 
Limited. At the year-end the liabilities covered by this guarantee amounted to £4,322,000 (2012: £9,089,000).

Parent Company and Group
As previously reported, the sellers of the Earthoil Group, which was wholly acquired in April 2008 (see note 12), have filed a claim in the 
Chancery Division of the High Court against the Parent Company for £1.8m which has subsequently been extended to £2.3m. The claim 
relates to various matters in respect of the earnout, being the deferred consideration payable to the sellers in respect of the acquisition of the 
Earthoil Group. Following the determination of some preliminary issues in November 2013, this matter may now proceed to be determined by 
an independent expert, although there are still matters to be determined by the Court and there can, therefore, be no certainty of the eventual 
outcome. The costs of resolving the dispute currently total £647,000, of which the current year’s costs of £634,000 have been included in 
exceptional items. The total eventual legal and professional fees of the dispute are currently unknown, but are likely to exceed £1m.

68   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Parent Company and Group

Capital risk management
The Group and Parent Company manage their capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as going concerns whilst 
maximising the return to stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. The capital structure of the Group consists of 
net debt and equity shareholders’ funds. The Group is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. Board policy is to operate 
with a mix of short and medium term borrowings. In recent years the Group have converted £3.25m of committed one year borrowings and 
$9m of overdraft in the UK into three year revolving credit facilities, and a $4m line of credit facility in the US into a four year facility. None of these 
facilities expire in the same financial years and all bank facilities are operated independently and are therefore not syndicated. The Group’s net 
debt position is monitored daily and reviewed by management on a weekly basis. Further details of the Group’s capital management are given 
in the Chairman’s Statement, CEO’s Report and Financial Review on pages 6 to 10.

Categories of financial instruments
In the following table those financial instruments which are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value are required to be grouped 
into levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is observable:
• 
• 

level 1 – fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
level 2 – fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the 
asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and
level 3 – fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or liability that are not based 
on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

• 

Financial assets 
Redeemable loan notes receivable from subsidiaries 
Trade receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Derivative financial instruments – forward currency contracts (level 2) 

Financial liabilities 
Redeemable loan notes payable 
Trade payables 
Bank borrowings 
UK revolving credit facilities 
US term loans 
Derivative financial instruments – interest rate swap (level 2) 

Group 

2013 
£’000 

2012 
£’000 

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

— 
11,448 
1,117 
219 

— 
12,368 
927 
— 

12,784 

13,295 

675 
7,434 
22 
6,793 
2,596 
577 

675 
5,275 
2,268 
8,731 
2,878 
1,033 

18,097 

20,860 

1,350 
— 
— 
— 

1,350 

675 
— 
1,915 
— 
— 
— 

2,590 

1,350
—
—
—

1,350

675
—
1,566
—
—
—

2,241

Fair values of financial assets and liabilities
The estimated fair values of financial assets and liabilities is not considered to be significantly different from their carrying values. 

Financial risk management objectives
The Group and Parent Company collate information from across the business and report to the Board on key financial risks. These risks 
include credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk and currency risk. The Group has policies in place, which have been approved by the Board, 
to manage these risks. The Group does not enter into traded financial instruments as the costs involved currently outweigh the risks they seek 
to protect against. Speculative purchases of financial instruments are not made.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

28. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

Credit risk management
Credit  risk  refers  to  the  risk  that  a  counterparty  will  default  on  its  contractual  obligations  resulting  in  financial  loss  to  the  Group  or  Parent 
Company. The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables and details of how this risk is managed are explained in note 
18. The credit risk on liquid funds is limited because the counterparties are banks with good credit ratings assigned by international credit 
rating agencies as outlined in note 19. The Directors are of the opinion that there are no significant concentrations of credit risk. The carrying 
amount of financial assets recorded in the financial statements, which is net of impairment losses, represents the Group and Parent Company’s 
maximum exposure to credit risk.

The loan notes receivable by the Parent Company are made up as follows:

Variable Rate Unsecured Loan Notes 2015 (A) 
Variable Rate Unsecured Loan Notes 2015 (B) 

2013 
£’000 

950 
400 

2012
£’000

 950
400

1,350 

1,350

The loan notes are redeemable in full on 31 December 2015 or from 31 March 2009 on request from the issuer. Interest is receivable at 1% 
above UK base rate. As disclosed in note 29, the loan notes are receivable by the Parent Company from two of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, 
comprising  the  Earthoil  Group.  Although  the  Earthoil  Group  has  access  to  the  Group’s  banking  facilities,  on  a  standalone  basis  there  is 
technically a credit risk attaching to the loan notes. However, given that the Earthoil Group is now trading profitably and the Parent Company 
has control over when the loan notes are redeemed, this credit risk is not considered to be significant.

Further details of the Group’s credit risk management are given in notes 18 and 19.

Liquidity risk management
Liquidity risk refers to the risk that the Group may not be able to fund the day to day running of the Group. Liquidity risk is reviewed by the 
Board at all Board meetings. The Group manages liquidity risk by monitoring actual and forecast cash flows and matching the maturity profiles 
of financial assets and liabilities. The Group also monitors the drawdown of debt against the available banking facilities and reviews the level of 
reserves. Liquidity risk management ensures sufficient debt funding is available for the Group’s day to day needs. Board policy is to maintain a 
reasonable headroom of unused committed bank facilities.

The Group has a number of debt facilities, details of which, including their terms and maturity profile, are given in note 20.

The Board also monitors the Group’s banking covenants which are calculated under IFRS. There were no breaches during the year or prior 
period.

Interest rate risk management
The Group is exposed to interest rate risk on short to medium term borrowings primarily with three major institutions being HSBC, Lloyds 
Banking Group and Bank of America. The risk is managed by maintaining borrowings with several institutions across a number of currencies, 
principally US Dollar and Sterling. Long term financing is primarily used to finance long term capital investment.

The Group hedges a portion of its interest rate risk through an interest rate swap which has the effect of fixing the interest rate on a notional 
principal of US$9 million of borrowings. The interest rate swap is for a period of ten years ending in 2020 and swaps variable 3 month US LIBOR 
for a fixed rate of 5.68%. The Group has complied with the requirements of IAS39, ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’ and 
designated this interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge. The hedge was 100% effective during the period and is expected to be going forward, 
and consequently the carrying value (which is the same as the fair value) of the interest rate swap has been taken to the hedging reserve, 
and the corresponding liability as at 30 September 2013 of £577,000 (2012: £1,033,000) is shown under non-current liabilities – ‘Derivative 
Financial Instruments’. The fair value of the interest rate swap equates to the mark-to-market valuation of the swap provided by HSBC and 
represents the amount which the Group would expect to pay in order to close the swap contract at the balance sheet date. The gain for the 
period of £546,000 (2012: £169,000 loss) is shown in the ‘Statement of Comprehensive Income’. 

The derivative financial instrument for the interest rate swap described above is classified as level 2.

70   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
28. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

Interest rate risk management (continued)
Interest rate risk is further diversified by having a mix of fixed and floating rate borrowings, as well as holding borrowings in a range of currencies 
as follows:

Group 

Financial liabilities 

Bank borrowings: 
US Dollars 
Sterling* 
Other* 

Total Net Debt 
Loan notes payable: 
Sterling 

Floating rate 
financial liabilities 

Fixed rate
financial liabilities 

Total

2013 
£’000 

6,062 
(106) 
(258) 

5,698 

675 

2012 
£’000 

6,052 
(1,974) 
562 

4,640 

675 

2013 
£’000 

2,596 
— 
— 

2,596 

— 

2012 
£’000 

8,309 
— 
— 

8,309 

2013 
£’000 

8,658 
(106) 
(258) 

2012
£’000

14,361
(1,974)
562

8,294 

12,949

— 

675 

675

6,373 

5,315 

2,596 

8,309 

8,969 

13,624

*  Bank borrowings are shown net of positive cash balances as rights of set-off exist.

The Parent Company bank borrowings were all held in Sterling.

Interest on floating rate bank deposits is based on UK base rates or currency LIBOR as applicable. Interest on bank overdrafts is charged at 
1.35%-2.75% above bank base or currency LIBOR rates. The terms of the loan notes receivable are shown within this note.

Fixed rate financial liabilities comprise the Industrial Development Loan of US$2,070,000 (2012: US$2,325,000), equipment financing term 
loans of $2,133,000 (2012: $2,093,000) and $9,000,000 revolving credit facility (see note 20). 

The loan notes payable by the Parent Company and Group are made up as follows:

Series A Variable Rate Unsecured Loan Notes 2015 
Series B Variable Rate Unsecured Loan Notes 2015 

2013 
£’000 

475 
200 

675 

2012
£’000

475
200

675

The loan notes are redeemable in full on 31 December 2015 or at an earlier date, once 50% of the corresponding loan notes receivable have 
been redeemed. Interest is payable at 1% above UK base rate. 

Interest rate sensitivity analysis has been performed on the floating rate financial liabilities to illustrate the impact on Group profits if interest 
rates  increased  or  decreased.  This  analysis  assumes  the  liabilities  outstanding  at  the  period  end  were  outstanding  for  the  whole  period.  
A 100 bps increase or decrease has been used, comprising management’s assessment of reasonably possible changes in interest rates.  
If interest rates had been 100 bps higher or lower, then profit before taxation for the year ended 30 September 2013 would have decreased 
or increased as follows:

Impact on profit before tax of 1% interest rate movement 

Group 

2013 
£’000 

101 

2012 
£’000 

146 

Parent Company 
2012
2013 
£’000
£’000 

12 

9

It has been assumed that all other variables remained the same when preparing the interest rate sensitivity analysis and that floating rate short 
term bank borrowings in the same currency are netted against each other for the purpose of interest rate calculation.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2013 continued

28. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued)

Foreign currency risk management
Foreign currency risk management occurs at a transactional level on revenues and purchases in foreign currencies and at a translational level 
in relation to the translation of overseas operations. The Group’s main foreign exchange risk is the US Dollar. Board policy is for UK businesses 
to mitigate US Dollar transactional exposures by holding borrowings in US Dollars and Euros as well as by entering into forward currency 
contracts. Further details of the Group’s foreign currency risk management can be found in the Chairman’s Statement, CEO’s Report and 
Financial Review on pages 6 to 10.

At 30 September 2013, the notional principal amount of outstanding foreign currency contracts that are held to hedge the Group’s transaction 
exposures was £6,361,000 (2012: £Nil). For accounting purposes, the Group has designated the foreign currency contracts as cash flow 
hedges. At 30 September 2013, the fair value of the contracts was £219,000 (2012: £Nil). During 2013, a gain of £90,000 (2012: £Nil) was 
recognised in other comprehensive income in respect of these contracts and a gain of £129,000 (2012: £Nil) was reclassified from equity to 
profit or loss and included in operating profit.

The derivative financial instrument for the foreign currency contracts described above is classified as level 2.

The Group’s currency exposure, being those exposures arising from transactions where the net currency gains and losses will be recognised 
in the income statement, is as follows:

Net foreign currency financial assets/(liabilities):

At 30 September 2013 

At 30 September 2012 

US Dollar 
£’000 

Other 
£’000 

Total
£’000

(5,056) 

1,077 

(3,979)

(2,772) 

335 

(2,437)

A  currency  sensitivity  analysis  has  been  performed  on  the  financial  assets  and  liabilities  to  sensitivity  of  a  10%  increase/decrease  in  the 
Pounds Sterling to US Dollar exchange rate. A 10% strengthening of the US Dollar has been used, comprising management’s assessment of 
reasonably possible changes in US Dollar exchange rates. The impact on profit for the period in the income statement would be a loss on net 
monetary assets or liabilities of £562,000 (2012: £308,000). In management’s opinion, the sensitivity analysis is unrepresentative of the inherent 
foreign exchange risk since it is limited to the year-end exposure and does not reflect the exposure during the year.

29. RELATED PARTY  TRANSACTIONS

The following transactions were carried out with related parties:

Group
Remuneration of key management personnel
The remuneration of the Directors, who are the key management personnel of the Group, is set out below in aggregate. Further information 
about the remuneration of individual Directors is provided in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 31 to 35.

Salaries and other short-term employee benefits 
Termination benefits 
Employers’ social security costs 
Pension contributions to money purchase schemes 
Share-based payments 

2013 
£’000 

1,070 
— 
111 
42 
3 

1,226 

2012
£’000

852
586
132
12
2

1,584

During the year two Directors (2012: three) were members of a defined benefit pension scheme until the scheme was closed to future accrual 
with effect from 31 December 2012. The aggregate accumulated total pension as at 30 September 2013 was £64,000 (2012:£157,000).

72   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. RELATED PARTY  TRANSACTIONS (continued)

Director’s Loan
In 2010, two years before his appointment to the Board, Daemmon Reeve was granted an interest free loan of $50,000 (£31,000) by the Parent 
Company to assist with relocating to the US upon his appointment as CEO of Treatt USA. The loan is being repaid in equal monthly instalments. 
Having repaid $16,250 (£11,683) during the year, the balance outstanding at 30 September 2013 was $1,250 (£772).

Parent Company 

Interest received from: 
  Earthoil Plantations Limited 
  Earthoil Kenya PTY EPZ Limited 

Dividends received from: 
  R C Treatt & Co Limited 
  Treatt USA Inc 

Redeemable loan notes receivable: 
  Earthoil Plantations Limited 
  Earthoil Kenya PTY EPZ Limited 

Amounts owed to/(by) Parent Company: 
  Earthoil Plantations Limited 
  R C Treatt & Co Limited 

2013 
£’000 

2012
£’000

14 
6 

948 
654 

950 
400 

157 
297 

31
6

1,491
641

950
400

45
(27)

The  redeemable  loan  notes  are  redeemable  in  full  on  31  December  2015  or  from  31  March  2009  on  request  from  the  issuer.  Interest  is 
receivable at 1% above UK base rate. Amounts owed to the Parent Company are unsecured and will be settled in cash.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notice of Annual General Meeting

THIS DOCUMENT IS IMPORTANT AND REQUIRES YOUR IMMEDIATE ATTENTION. IF YOU ARE IN ANY DOUBT AS TO WHAT 
ACTION TO TAKE YOU ARE  RECOMMENDED TO  CONSULT YOUR  STOCKBROKER,  SOLICITOR, ACCOUNTANT  OR  OTHER 
INDEPENDENT ADVISER AUTHORISED UNDER THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKETS ACT 2000.

If  you  have  sold  or  transferred  all  of  your  ordinary  shares  in  Treatt  plc,  you  should  pass  this  document,  together  with  the  accompanying  
form of proxy, to the person through whom the sale or transfer was made for transmission to the purchaser or transferee.

Notice of the Annual General Meeting which has been convened for 24 February 2014 at 10.30 am at Treatt plc, Northern Way, Bury St 
Edmunds, Suffolk, IP32 6NL is set out below. 

To be valid, forms of proxy must be completed and returned in accordance with the instructions printed thereon so as to be received by the 
Company’s registrars, Capita Asset Services, The Registry, 34 Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 4TU as soon as possible and in any 
event not later than 48 hours (excluding weekends and public holidays) before the time appointed for holding the meeting.

Notice is hereby given that the Annual General Meeting of the Shareholders of Treatt plc (the “Company”) will be held at Treatt plc, Northern 
Way, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP32 6NL on 24 February 2014, at 10.30 am for the transaction of the following business:

Ordinary Business
1.  To receive the accounts and the reports of the Directors and the Auditors for the year ended 30 September 2013.

2.  To approve the Directors’ Remuneration Report.

3.  To approve a final dividend of 13.0p per share on the ordinary shares of the Company for the year ended 30 September 2013.

4.  To re-elect Jeff Iliffe as a Director of the Company.

5.  To re-elect Anita Haines as a Director of the Company.

6.  To re-elect David Johnston as a Director of the Company.

7.  To re-appoint Baker Tilly UK Audit LLP as Auditors of the Company, to hold office from the conclusion of this meeting until the conclusion 

of the next Annual General Meeting. 

8.  To authorise the Directors to determine the remuneration of the Auditors of the Company.

Special Business
To consider and, if thought fit, to pass the following resolutions, of which Resolutions 9 to 13 will be proposed as Ordinary Resolutions and 
Resolutions 14 and 15, will be proposed as Special Resolutions.

9.  Approval of Remuneration Policy

THAT:
The Remuneration Policy be and is hereby approved.

10. Authority to allot securities

THAT:
(a)   In accordance with Section 551 of the Companies Act 2006 (the ‘Act’) the Directors be and are hereby generally and unconditionally 
authorised to exercise all the powers of the Company to allot shares in the Company and to grant rights to subscribe for, or to convert 
any security into, shares in the Company (Rights) within the terms of the restrictions and provisions following; namely:
(i) 

this  authority  shall  (unless  previously  revoked,  varied  or  renewed)  expire  on  the  earlier  of  the  date  of  the  next  Annual  General 
Meeting of the Company following the passing of this Resolution and 23 May 2015; and
this authority shall be limited to the allotment of shares and the granting of Rights up to an aggregate nominal amount of £345,850 
(representing approximately 33 per cent of the existing issued share capital of the Company).

(ii) 

(b)  For the purpose of sub-paragraph (a) above:

(i) 

the said power shall allow and enable the Directors to make an offer or agreement which would or might require shares to be 
allotted or Rights to be granted after such expiry and the Directors may allot shares and grant Rights in pursuance of such an offer 
or agreement as if the power conferred hereby had not expired; and

(ii)  words and expressions defined in or for the purpose of Part 17 of the Act shall bear the same meaning herein.

11. Increase in aggregate fees to Non-executive Directors

THAT:
the  maximum  aggregate  fees  permitted  to  be  paid  to  the  Non-executive  Directors’  of  the  Company,  pursuant  to  article  18.3  of  the 
Company’s articles of association, be and is hereby increased from £150,000 to £225,000.

74   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
 
 
 
 
12. Approval of Long Term Incentive Plan

THAT:
The Treatt plc Long Term Incentive Plan, the main terms of which are summarised in the explanatory notes accompanying this notice of 
meeting, to be constituted by the rules produced to the meeting and signed by the Chairman for the purposes of identification, be and is 
hereby approved and adopted for five years from the date of approval by shareholders. 

13. Approval of Share Incentive Plan

THAT:
The Treatt plc Share Incentive Plan, the main terms of which are summarised in the explanatory notes accompanying this notice of meeting, 
to be constituted by the trust deed and rules produced to the meeting and signed by the Chairman for the purposes of identification, be 
and is hereby approved and adopted for ten years from the date of approval by shareholders and the Directors are hereby authorised:
(a)   to do all acts and things necessary to carry the same into effect, including the making of any changes to the trust deed and rules 
as may be necessary to obtain the approval of HM Revenue & Customs and/or such other approvals as the Directors may consider 
necessary or desirable to obtain; and

(b)   at their discretion, to adopt similar all-employee plans as they deem appropriate for the benefit of employees and Directors of the 

Company and its subsidiaries, on identical terms, which are located outside the United Kingdom. 

14. Disapplication of pre-emption rights for up to 5% of existing share capital

THAT:
(a)  Conditionally upon the passing of Resolution 10 above and in accordance with Section 570 of the Act, the Directors be and are hereby 
given power to allot equity securities pursuant to the authority conferred by Resolution 10 above as if Section 561 of the said Act did 
not apply to any such allotment provided that:
the power hereby granted shall be limited:
(i) 
(aa) to the allotment of equity securities in connection with or pursuant to an offer by way of rights to the holders of shares in the 
Company and other persons entitled to participate therein, in the proportion (as nearly as may be) to such holders’ holdings 
of such shares (or, as appropriate, to the number of shares which such other persons are for these purposes deemed to hold) 
subject only to such exclusions or other arrangements as the Directors may feel necessary or expedient to deal with fractional 
entitlements or legal or practical problems under the laws of or the requirements of any recognised regulatory body in any 
territory; and

(ii) 

(bb) to  the  allotment  (otherwise  than  pursuant  to  sub-paragraph  (i)(aa)  of  this  proviso)  of  equity  securities  up  to  an  aggregate 
nominal amount of £52,400 (representing approximately 5 per cent of the existing issued share capital of the Company);
the power hereby granted shall expire on the earlier of the date of the next Annual General Meeting of the Company following the 
passing of this Resolution and 23 May 2015;
the said power shall allow and enable the Directors to make an offer or agreement before the expiry of the said power which  
  would or might require securities to be allotted pursuant to the agreement as if the power conferred herein had not expired; and 
(ii)   words and expressions defined in or for the purpose of Part 17 of the Act shall bear the same meaning herein.

(b)   (i) 

15. Authority to purchase own shares

THAT:
The Company is hereby generally and unconditionally authorised to make market purchases (within the meaning of Section 693 of the Act) 
of ordinary shares of 10p each in the capital of the Company (“ordinary shares”) provided that:
(a)  the maximum number of ordinary shares authorised to be purchased is 1,048,000 (representing approximately 10 per cent of the 

present issued share capital of the Company);

(b)  the minimum price (excluding stamp duty, dealing or other costs) which may be paid for an ordinary share so purchased is 10p;
(c)  the maximum price which may be paid for an ordinary share so purchased is an amount equal to 5 per cent above the average of 
the middle market quotations shown for an ordinary share in The London Stock Exchange Daily Official List on the five business days 
immediately preceding the day on which that ordinary share is purchased;

(d)  the authority hereby conferred shall expire at the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2015, unless 

such authority is renewed, varied or revoked prior to such time; and

(e)  the  Company  may  prior  to  the  expiry  of  such  authority  make  a  contract  to  purchase  ordinary  shares  under  the  authority  hereby 
conferred which will or may be executed wholly or partly after the expiry of such authority, and may make a purchase of ordinary shares 
in pursuance of any such contract.

By order of the Board 

Anita Steer 
Secretary 

19 December 2013 

Registered Office:

Northern Way
Bury St Edmunds
Suffolk
IP32 6NL 

The note on voting procedures and general rights of shareholders, together with explanatory notes on the resolutions to be put to the meeting, 
which follow on pages 76 to 80 form part of this notice.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Notice of Annual General Meeting
continued

NOTE ON VOTING PROCEDURES AND GENERAL RIGHTS OF SHAREHOLDERS:
Only those persons entered in the Register of Members of the Company (the Register) as at 6.00pm on 20 February 2014 (the Record Date) 
shall be entitled to attend or vote at the AGM in respect of the number of ordinary shares in the capital of the Company registered in their 
names at that time. Changes to entries on the Register for certificated or uncertificated shares of the Company after the Record Date shall be 
disregarded in determining the rights of any person to attend or vote at the AGM. Should the AGM be adjourned to a time not more than 48 
hours after the Record Date, that time will also apply for the purpose of determining the entitlement of members to attend and vote (and for 
the purpose of determining the number of votes they may cast) at the adjourned AGM. Should the AGM be adjourned for a longer period, to 
be so entitled, members must have been entered on the Register by 6.00pm two days prior to the adjourned AGM (excluding weekends and 
public holidays) or, if the Company gives notice of the adjourned AGM, at the time specified in such notice.

Voting at the meeting will be conducted by poll rather than on a show of hands, which the Board believes provides a more accurate reflection 
of shareholder views and takes into account the number of shares held by each member. Those shareholders who are unable to attend the 
meeting should submit a form of proxy as detailed below. Shareholders attending the meeting may also wish to vote in advance of the meeting 
by submitting a form of proxy. Members who have done so will not need to vote at the meeting unless they wish to change their vote or the 
way in which the proxy is instructed to vote. 

A member entitled to attend and vote at this meeting may appoint a proxy or proxies to attend and vote instead of him or her. The proxy need 
not be a member of the Company. A form of proxy is provided with this notice and instructions for use are shown on the form. Additional forms 
of proxy can be obtained from the Company’s registrars on tel no 0871 664 0300 (calls cost 10p per minute plus network extras, lines are open 
8.30 a.m. to 5.30 p.m. Monday to Friday). Instruments appointing proxies must be lodged with the Company’s registrars not less than 48 hours 
before the time fixed for the meeting to be effective. Completion and return of a form of proxy will not preclude a member from attending and 
voting in person at the meeting or any adjournment of the meeting.

An abstention option is provided on the form of proxy to enable you to instruct your proxy to abstain on any particular resolution, however, it 
should be noted that an abstention in this way is not a ‘vote’ in law and will not be counted in the calculation of the proportion of the votes ‘For’ 
and ‘Against’ a resolution.

CREST members who wish to appoint a proxy or proxies through the CREST electronic proxy appointment service may do so for the Annual 
General Meeting to be held on 24 February 2014 and any adjournment(s) of the meeting by using the procedures described in the CREST 
Manual. CREST personal members or other CREST sponsored members, and those CREST members who have appointed a voting service 
provider(s), should refer to their CREST sponsor or voting service provider(s), who will be able to take the appropriate action on their behalf. 
Please note the following:

a) 

In order for a proxy appointment or instruction made using the CREST service to be valid, the appropriate CREST message (a “CREST Proxy 
Instruction”) must be properly authenticated in accordance with Euroclear UK & Ireland Limited’s (“EUI”) specifications and must contain 
the information required for such instructions, as described in the CREST Manual. The message, regardless of whether it constitutes the 
appointment of a proxy or an amendment to the instruction given to a previously appointed proxy must, in order to be valid, be transmitted 
so as to be received by the issuer’s agent (ID RA10) by the latest time(s) for receipt of proxy appointments specified in this notice of the 
Annual General Meeting. For this purpose, the time of receipt will be taken to be the time (as determined by the timestamp applied to the 
message by the CREST applications host) from which the issuer’s agent is able to retrieve the message by enquiry to CREST in the manner 
prescribed by CREST. After this time any change of instructions to proxies appointed through CREST should be communicated to the 
appointee through other means.

b)  CREST members and, where applicable, their CREST sponsors or voting service providers should note that EUI does not make available 
special procedures in CREST for any particular messages. Normal system timings and limitations will therefore apply in relation to the 
input of CREST Proxy Instructions. It is the responsibility of the CREST member concerned to take (or, if the CREST member is a CREST 
personal member or sponsored member or has appointed a voting service provider(s), to procure that his CREST sponsor or voting service 
provider(s) take(s)) such action as shall be necessary to ensure that a message is transmitted by means of the CREST system by any 
particular time. In this connection, CREST members and, where applicable, their CREST sponsors or voting service providers are referred 
in particular to those sections of the CREST Manual concerning practical limitations of the CREST system and timings.

c)  The Company may treat as invalid a CREST Proxy Instruction in the circumstances set out in regulation 35(5)(a) of the Uncertificated 

Securities Regulations 2001.

76   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
The right to appoint a proxy does not apply to persons whose shares are held on their behalf by another person and who have been nominated 
to receive communications from the company in accordance with section 146 of the Companies Act 2006 (“nominated persons”). Nominated 
persons may have a right under an agreement with the registered shareholder who holds the shares on their behalf to be appointed (or to have 
someone else appointed) as a proxy. Alternatively, if nominated persons do not have such a right, or do not wish to exercise it, they may have 
a right under such an agreement to give instructions to the person holding the shares as to the exercise of voting rights.

A member of the Company which is a corporation may authorise a person or persons to act as its representative(s) at the AGM. In accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  (as  amended  by  the  Companies  (Shareholders’  Rights)  Regulations  2009),  each  such 
representative may exercise (on behalf of the corporation) the same powers as the corporation could exercise if it were an individual member 
of the Company, provided that they do not do so in relation to the same shares. It is therefore no longer necessary to nominate a designated 
corporate representative.

Pursuant to Section 319A of the Companies Act 2006, the Company must cause to be answered at the AGM any question relating to the 
business being dealt with at the AGM which is put by a member attending the meeting, except in certain circumstances, including if it is 
undesirable in the interests of the Company or the good order of the meeting that the question be answered or if to do so would involve the 
disclosure of confidential information. 

Members satisfying the thresholds in Section 338 of the Companies Act 2006 may require the Company to give, to members of the Company 
entitled to receive notice of the AGM, notice of a resolution which those members intend to move (and which may properly be moved) at the 
AGM. A resolution may properly be moved at the AGM unless (i) it would, if passed, be ineffective (whether by reason of any inconsistency with 
any enactment or the Company’s constitution or otherwise); (ii) it is defamatory of any person; or (iii) it is frivolous or vexatious. The business 
which may be dealt with at the AGM includes a resolution circulated pursuant to this right. A request made pursuant to this right may be in hard 
copy or electronic form, must identify the resolution of which notice is to be given, must be authenticated by the person(s) making it and must 
be received by the Company not later than 6 weeks before the date of the AGM.

Members satisfying the thresholds in Section 338A of the Companies Act 2006 may request the Company to include in the business to be 
dealt with at the AGM any matter (other than a proposed resolution) which may properly be included in the business at the AGM. A matter 
may properly be included in the business at the AGM unless (i) it is defamatory of any person or (ii) it is frivolous or vexatious. A request made 
pursuant to this right may be in hard copy or electronic form, must identify the matter to be included in the business, must be accompanied by 
a statement setting out the grounds for the request, must be authenticated by the person(s) making it and must be received by the Company 
not later than 6 weeks before the date of the AGM.

In accordance with Section 311A of the Companies Act 2006, the contents of this notice of meeting details the total number of shares in 
respect of which members are entitled to exercise voting rights at the AGM, the total voting rights members are entitled to exercise at the AGM 
and, if applicable, any members’ statements, members’ resolutions or members’ matters of business received by the Company after the date 
of this notice will be available on the Company’s website www.Treatt.com.

As at 19 December 2013 the Company’s issued share capital consists of 10,481,034 ordinary shares, The total number of voting rights in the 
Company as at 19 December 2013 (the latest practicable reporting date prior to publication of this document) is 10,264,523. 

A statement of Directors’ share transactions and copies of their service contracts and the letters of appointment of the Non-executive Directors 
are available for inspection during usual business hours at the registered office of the Company from the date of this notice until the date of the 
Annual General Meeting (Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays excluded) and will be available at the place of the meeting for fifteen minutes 
prior to and during the meeting.

Except as provided above, members who wish to communicate with the Company in relation to the meeting should do so using the following 
means:

Calling the Company Secretary on +44 1284 702500; 
Emailing the Company Secretary on cosec@treatt.com; or
Writing to: The Company Secretary, Treatt plc, Northern Way, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP32 6NL.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   77

Notice of Annual General Meeting
continued

EXPLANATORY NOTES

Report and Accounts (Resolution 1)
The Directors of the Company must present the accounts to the meeting.

Directors’ Remuneration Report (Resolution 2)
Changes to The Companies Act 2006, implemented by the Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013, provide that a quoted company may 
not make a remuneration payment to a Director of the company unless the payment is consistent with the Company’s Remuneration Policy, 
as approved by shareholders, or the payment is approved by a Shareholders’ Resolution. The legislation requires two resolutions to be put to 
shareholders on separate sections of the Directors’ Remuneration Report. The first of these is an advisory resolution on the Implementation 
Section of the Directors’ Remuneration Report, which details the remuneration packages paid to Directors during the year ended 30 September 
2013. You can find the Implementation Section of the Directors’ Remuneration Report on page 31.

Declaration of a dividend (Resolution 3)
A final dividend can only be paid after the Shareholders at a general meeting have approved it. A final dividend of 13.0p per ordinary share is 
recommended by the Directors for payment to Shareholders who are on the register of members at the close of business on 28 February 2014. 
If approved, the date of payment of the final dividend will be 4 April 2014. An interim dividend of 5.5 pence per ordinary share was paid on 18 
October 2013. This represents an increase of 3.0 pence per share, or 19.4 per cent, on the total 2012 dividend.

Re-election of Directors (Resolutions 4, 5 and 6)
In accordance with the Articles of Association, all Directors retire at least every three years and all newly appointed Directors retire at the first 
Annual General Meeting following their appointment. Furthermore, any Non-executive Director having been in post for nine years or more is 
subject to annual re-election.

At this meeting, Jeff Iliffe, Anita Haines and David Johnston will retire and stand for re-election as Directors. Short biographies of these Directors 
are given on page 15. Anita Haines will retire as an Executive Director at the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting and is standing for 
re-election as a Non-executive Director. Having considered the performance of and contribution made by each of the Directors standing for 
re-election the Board remains satisfied that the performance of each of the relevant Directors continues to be effective and to demonstrate 
commitment to the role and, as such, recommends their re-election.

Reappointment and remuneration of auditors (Resolutions 7 and 8)
Resolutions 8 and 9 propose the reappointment of Baker Tilly UK Audit LLP as Auditors of the Company and authorise the Directors to set 
their remuneration.

Remuneration Policy Report (Resolution 9)
As  referred  to  under  Resolution  2  above,  two  resolutions  are  required  to  be  put  to  Shareholders  on  separate  sections  of  the  Directors’ 
Remuneration Report. The second of these is a binding resolution, passed by a majority, to approve the Company’s Remuneration Policy. The 
policy, which is set out on pages 23 to 30, will apply to all payments made to Directors from the date the policy is approved by shareholders. 
Since the resolution is binding, it will be necessary for the Company to convene an Extraordinary General Meeting to put the resolution to 
Shareholders again, in the event that it is not passed at the Annual General Meeting. 

Directors’ authority to allot securities (Resolution 10)
Your Directors may only allot ordinary shares or grant rights over ordinary shares if authorised to do so by Shareholders. This resolution seeks 
to grant authority to the Directors to allot unissued share capital of the Company and grant Rights and will expire at the conclusion of the next 
Annual General Meeting of the Company in 2015 or, if earlier, on 23 May 2015 (the date which is 15 months after the date of passing of the 
resolution). There is no present intention of exercising this authority, which would give Directors authority to allot relevant securities up to an 
aggregate nominal value of £345,850 approximately 33 per cent of the Company’s issued ordinary share capital as at 19 December 2013.

Increase in aggregate fees payable to the Non-executive Directors’ (Resolution 11)
Article 18.3 provides that the ordinary remuneration of the Non-executive Directors shall not exceed £150,000 per annum in aggregate unless 
a higher sum is determined by ordinary resolution of the Company. The limit was last increased at the Annual General Meeting in 2009.

Although Anita Haines’ resignation as an Executive Director will not affect the overall number of Directors on the Board, her appointment as 
a Non-executive Director will have an effect on the aggregate fees of Non-executive Directors, taking them above the current maximum. The 
proposed increase in the maximum aggregate fees to £225,000, will provide the Board with sufficient flexibility to ensure that the skills, expertise 
and diversity of the Board remain appropriate for the future and that the Board is sufficiently balanced to enable it to fulfill its obligations to 
Shareholders.

Shareholders should note that increasing the maximum aggregate fees for Non-executive Directors does not mean that Shareholders are 
approving an increase in the fees payable to each current Non-Executive Director. Increases in individual Non-executive Directors fees will be 
subject to the Remuneration Policy detailed under Resolution 9 above. 

78   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Approval of Long Term Incentive Plan (Resolution 12)
This resolution proposes the introduction of a Long Term Incentive Plan (‘LTIP’) for employees and Directors. A summary of the proposed rules 
of the LTIP is provided in Appendix A below. A full copy of the rules is available on the Treatt website at www.Treatt.com and will be available 
for inspection at the Annual General Meeting.

One of the key principles of the Remuneration Policy is to link rewards to Directors and key employees to the creation of longer term value 
for Shareholders. Historically, few share-based incentives have been awarded to Directors but it is recognised that this is an important aspect 
of  remuneration  and  it  is  therefore  intended  that  the  grant  of  appropriate  awards  of  share-based  incentives,  with  stretching  performance 
conditions, will be considered annually. The Remuneration Committee believes that the introduction of the LTIP will:

•  enhance the Group’s remuneration framework;
•  assist in the retention and motivation of Directors and key employees who are focused on executing the business strategy;
•  ensure that there is sufficient focus on driving Shareholder value by providing appropriate rewards for success; 
•  align the interests of participants with those of Shareholders; and
• 

reflect developments in corporate governance and market practice.

Approval of Share Incentive Plan (Resolution 13)
This resolution proposes the introduction of a new Share Incentive Plan (‘SIP’) for employees and Directors. A summary of the proposed rules 
of the SIP is provided in Appendix B below. A full copy of the rules and trust deed are available on the Treatt website at www.Treatt.com and 
will be available for inspection at the Annual General Meeting.

The Company wishes to launch the SIP, which will run alongside the existing all employee Save As You Earn Share Option Scheme, under 
which shares are purchased at the end of a three year savings period, in order to align the interests of all employees with those of Shareholders 
and further foster employee share ownership. The Directors believe that the introduction of the SIP will provide employees with an opportunity 
to further invest in the Company’s shares.

Disapplication of pre-emption rights (Resolution 14)
Under Section 561 of the Act, if the Directors wish to allot any of the unissued shares or grant rights over shares or sell treasury shares for 
cash (other than pursuant to an employee share scheme) they must in the first instance offer them to existing Shareholders in proportion to 
their holdings. There may be occasions, however, when the Directors will need the flexibility to finance business opportunities by the issue of 
ordinary shares without a pre-emptive offer to existing Shareholders. This cannot be done under the Act unless the Shareholders have first 
waived their pre-emption rights.

Resolution 14 asks the Shareholders to do this and, apart from rights issues or any other pre-emptive offer concerning equity securities, the 
authority will be limited to the issue of shares for cash up to a maximum aggregate nominal value of £52,400 (which includes the sale on a 
non pre-emptive basis of any shares held in treasury), which is equivalent to approximately 5 per cent of the Company’s issued ordinary share 
capital as at 19 December 2013. Shareholders will note that this resolution also relates to treasury shares and will be proposed as a Special 
Resolution.

This resolution seeks a disapplication of the pre-emption rights on a rights issue so as to allow the Directors to make exclusions or such other 
arrangements as may be appropriate to resolve legal or practical problems which, for example, might arise with overseas Shareholders. If given, 
the authority will expire at the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting of the Company in 2015 or, if earlier, 23 May 2015 (the date which 
is 15 months after the date of passing of the resolution).

Authority to purchase own shares (Resolution 15)
In certain circumstances, it may be advantageous for the Company to purchase its own shares and resolution 15 seeks the authority from 
Shareholders to continue to do so. The Directors will continue to exercise this power only when, in the light of market conditions prevailing 
at the time, they believe that the effect of such purchases will be to increase earnings per share and is in the best interests of Shareholders 
generally. Other investment opportunities, appropriate gearing levels and the overall position of the Company will be taken into account when 
exercising this authority.

Any shares purchased in this way will be cancelled and the number of shares in issue will be reduced accordingly, save that the Company 
may hold in treasury any of its own shares that it purchases pursuant to the Act and the authority conferred by this resolution. This gives the 
Company the ability to re-issue treasury shares quickly and cost-effectively and provides the Company with greater flexibility in the management 
of its capital base. It also gives the Company the opportunity to satisfy employee share scheme awards with treasury shares. Once held in 
treasury, the Company is not entitled to exercise any rights, including the right to attend and vote at meetings in respect of the shares. Further, 
no dividend or other distribution of the Company’s assets may be made to the Company in respect of the treasury shares.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   79

Notice of Annual General Meeting
continued

The resolution specifies the maximum number of ordinary shares that may be acquired (approximately 10 per cent of the Company’s issued 
ordinary share capital as at 19 December 2013) and the maximum and minimum prices at which they may be bought.

The total number of options to subscribe for ordinary shares that were outstanding at 19 December 2013 (the latest practicable reporting date 
prior to publication of this document) was 114,521. The proportion of issued share capital that they represented at that time was 1.09 per cent 
and the proportion of issued share capital that they will represent if the full authority to purchase shares (existing and being sought) is used is 
1.21 per cent.

Resolution 15 will be proposed as a Special Resolution to provide the Company with the necessary authority. If given, this authority will expire 
at the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting of the Company in 2015 or, if earlier, 23 May 2015 (the date which is 15 months after the 
date of passing of the resolution).

The Directors intend to seek renewal of this power at subsequent Annual General Meetings.

80   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

APPENDIX A
SUMMARY OF PROVISIONS OF THE TREATT PLC LONG TERM INCENTIVE PLAN (“LTIP”) 

The Company proposes to introduce the LTIP to incentivise Directors and employees.

The LTIP is capable of making awards of share options (which are unapproved for tax purposes in the UK) and Restricted Stock Units in the US. 

It is intended that the LTIP will be used to make awards of “nil cost” share options to selected employees of the Company in the UK, and 
Restricted Stock Units, which may at the discretion of the Company be satisfied by the transfer of shares, or payment in cash of equivalent 
value, once vesting conditions have been met, to employees in the US, to allow them to share in the success of the Group and promote 
motivation and retention. 

All Awards will be made in accordance with the Company’s Remuneration Policy as approved by shareholders from time to time.

It  is  proposed  that  all  options  granted  under  the  LTIP  will  have  an  exercise  price  equal  to  the  nominal  value  of  a  share  in  the  case  of  a 
subscription option, and nil in the case of an option to acquire existing shares held in the Treatt Employee Benefit Trust. Restricted Stock Units 
will similarly be awarded for the nominal value in the case of newly issued shares, and nil in the case of existing shares. 

Grants of Awards
Awards may be granted to eligible employees at the discretion of the Board. Awards may be granted only during the period of:-

i)  42 days following the date of adoption of the LTIP by the Company;
ii)  42 days following the announcement of yearly, half yearly or other period financial results of the Company;
iii)  28 days after the person to whom it is granted first becoming an Employee;
ii)  subject to the Model Code, any other date on which the Directors consider that exceptional circumstances justify the grant of options; or
in the event that any statute, order or regulation prevents the Company from making Awards the Award will be made within the relevant 
iii) 
period indicated above after that restriction is removed.

Eligibility
All full-time employees and Directors of the Group shall be eligible to participate in the LTIP at the discretion of the Board.

Performance Conditions
The Board will impose Performance Conditions applying over a period of at least three years that must be satisfied before Awards vest. The 
Performance Conditions, which will be determined at the time of grant to ensure that they are sufficiently stretching, will be set in accordance 
with the Remuneration Policy.

Clawback
In the event of a material misstatement of the Company’s published financial results used to determine the quantum of Awards granted or 
assess the satisfaction of performance conditions, or in the event of an error made in calculation or an Award holder’s gross misconduct, 
Awards may be reduced, adjusted or cancelled as determined by the Remuneration Committee (the ‘Committee’). To the extent that Awards 
have already been exercised, the Committee may (having considered all the circumstances) require the Award holder to return any shares 
received, or the amounts of any proceeds of sale of such shares (net of tax).

Limit of participation
The  market  value  of  shares  over  which  Awards  may  be  made  under  the  LTIP,  when  added  to  the  market  value  of  shares,  or  rights  or 
opportunities to acquire them, provided under any other employee share scheme of the Company (except a tax approved savings-related 
share option scheme), may not exceed 150% of the participant’s salary for the financial year in which the Award is made or, if greater, 150% of 
the participant’s salary for the previous year. 

Salary for this purpose is basic gross salary excluding bonuses, company pension contributions and any other benefits in kind. This limit may 
be exceeded if the Committee considers that exceptional circumstances exist.

Total number of shares available
The total number of shares that may be newly issued by the Company under Awards made under the LTIP on any day, when added to the 
total number of shares which remain issuable pursuant to rights or opportunities granted under any other employees’ share scheme in the 10 
years before that day, will not exceed 10% of the total share capital in issue on that day. 

For this purpose, newly issued shares will include shares issued out of treasury. It will not include rights or opportunities to subscribe for new 
shares which are in fact satisfied by the transfer of existing shares by another shareholder.

Vesting of Restricted Stock Units and exercise of options
Awards will vest once Performance Conditions have been either satisfied or waived or are treated as satisfied under the provisions described 
below. 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   81

Notice of Annual General Meeting
continued

Options shall generally be exercisable after a period beginning with the date on which it is established that a Performance Condition has been 
satisfied and ending up to ten years from the date of grant. Restricted Stock Units may not be sold, exchanged, pledged or otherwise disposed 
of until they vest. To the extent that they do not vest, Awards will lapse.

In  the  case  of  a  takeover,  demerger  or  a  statutory  reconstruction,  the  Committee  may  at  its  discretion,  and  acting  fairly  and  reasonably, 
determine the proportion or number of Awards that will vest, subject to whether and to what extent the Performance Conditions should be 
deemed to be satisfied. 

Award holders may be able to exchange their Awards under the LTIP for Awards over the shares of the company making any takeover or on 
an internal reconstruction involving the Company coming under the control of another but remaining under the control of the person or persons 
who had control of the Company before the reconstruction.

Employees leaving the company
If an Award holder ceases to hold office or employment with the Group as a Good Leaver, Awards shall vest at the date of cessation but shall 
be pro-rated by reference to the amount of the Performance Period completed and subject to satisfaction, or deemed satisfaction, of the 
Performance Conditions. 

A Good Leaver is any employee leaving by reason of injury or disability, redundancy, death in service, the transfer of the employment outside 
the Group, or the sale of a Company outside the Group. If an Award holder dies after having ceased to hold employment with the Group, the 
Committee may determine the extent to which any unvested Awards vest.

If  an  Award  holder  leaves  for  any  other  reason,  all  Awards  which  have  not  by  then  vested  will  vest  only  to  the  extent  determined  by  the 
Committee, at its discretion, acting reasonably, shall determine. 

Variation of share capital
In the event of a variation of share capital the Directors may adjust the number of shares under the Award and, where appropriate, the exercise 
price to reflect such variation. This adjustment shall be subject to confirmation by the Auditors that such adjustment is fair and reasonable. 

Alteration of the LTIP
The Directors may at any time alter or amend the provisions of the LTIP provided that no alteration may be made to the advantage of existing 
or new Award holders without the approval of shareholders by ordinary resolution, except for any such alteration where the amendments are 
minor, to benefit the administration of the LTIP, to take account of a change in legislation or to obtain or maintain favourable tax treatment.

Pensions
Benefits under the LTIP will not be pensionable.

82   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

 
APPENDIX B
SUMMARY OF PROVISIONS OF TREATT PLC SHARE INCENTIVE PLAN (“SIP”)

It  is  proposed  that  the  Company  will  introduce  an  H  M  Revenue  &  Customs  approved  Share  Incentive  Plan  (the  “SIP”)  to  provide  all  UK 
employees of the Group with the opportunity to acquire shares in the Company on a tax efficient basis. 

The terms of the SIP are set out in below. 

The SIP provides for the acquisition of shares. The SIP will be governed by a Trust Deed and Rules which will be submitted for approval to H 
M Revenue & Customs. The SIP will be operated through a UK resident trust (the “Trust”). The trustees of the Trust (the “Trustees”) will buy or 
subscribe for shares that are awarded to or acquired by employees under the SIP and will hold these shares in the Trust on their behalf under 
the terms of the SIP.

The main features of the SIP are as follows:

Eligibility
All employees of the Group who are resident and ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom and who are determined by the Company to be 
qualifying employees are eligible to participate in any offer made by the Company under the Plan. Non-UK resident employees may also be 
invited to participate in the SIP.

The Company may require employees to have completed a minimum qualifying period of employment before they are eligible to participate, 
but such period may not exceed 18 months ending on the date shares are awarded and/or purchased under the SIP. 

Basis for participation
The SIP provides for the acquisition by participating employees of one or more of four categories of shares: 

The Company may award “Free Shares” to participants and or allow participants to give up salary to purchase “Partnership Shares”, and to the 
extent that they do so, the Company may award up to two “Matching Shares” for each Partnership Share purchased. Any dividends arising on 
shares held in the SIP may also be reinvested to acquire further “Dividend Shares” under the SIP. 

The  Directors  will  determine  in  any  year  whether  participation  in  the  SIP  will  be  offered  and,  if  so,  the  basis  on  which  each  of  the  above 
categories may be offered. 

Free Shares
The Company may award Free Shares to participating employees (subject to the annual statutory Individual Limits).

The number of Free Shares awarded to participants will be determined by the Directors on the basis of objective criteria and may also be 
subject to performance measures. Performance measures may be based on personal, team, or divisional targets and the relevant measure 
selected will be notified to all qualifying employees.

Partnership Shares
The Company may invite applications from qualifying employees to enter into a contract under the SIP to buy Partnership Shares by deduction 
from pre-tax salary (subject to the annual statutory Individual Limits). The Company may specify a maximum number of shares to be available 
for purchase as Partnership Shares under any particular invitation.

As determined by the Directors, deductions may either be:

a) 

transferred directly to the Trustees to be applied in the acquisition of Partnership Shares. Within 30 days of the deduction from salary, the 
Trustees will acquire Partnership Shares which will then be held in the Trust on the participant’s behalf. The purchase price paid for the 
Partnership Shares will be determined as the market value of the shares on the date of acquisition; or

b)  accumulated over an accumulation period and held in an account until the end of an accumulation period not exceeding 12 months. Within 
30 days of the end of the accumulation period the Trustees shall apply the accumulated funds to acquire Partnership Shares and hold 
such Shares in the Trust on the participant’s behalf. The Directors will decide in respect of each offer whether the purchase price paid for 
the Partnership Shares will be determined as the market value of the shares at the start of the accumulation period or the market value on 
the day the shares are acquired or the lower of those two values. 

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   83

 
Notice of Annual General Meeting
continued

Matching Shares
Where the Company decides to offer the opportunity for the acquisition of Partnership Shares it may also offer Matching Shares to those 
participants who elect to buy Partnership Shares. Allocations of Matching Shares will be made on the same day as Partnership Shares are 
acquired on behalf of participants by the Trustees. 

The Company will decide the basis on which Matching Shares are allocated (subject to the statutory individual limits). Allocations of Matching 
Shares will be made to all participants on the same basis. The maximum permissible number of Matching Shares according to the law is two 
Matching Shares for each Partnership Share purchased.

Dividend Shares
Participants will be entitled to dividends paid on their Free Shares, Matching Shares and Partnership Shares while they are held in the Trust.

At the discretion of the Directors, dividends arising on shares held in the Trust under the SIP may either be paid directly to a participant in cash 
or reinvested, subject to the individual limits, for the acquisition of further shares under the SIP on behalf of the participant.

Individual Limits
The value of Free Shares which may be awarded to a participant under the SIP in any year shall not exceed the statutory maximum which, with 
effect from April 2014, will be £3,600 per annum. 

The maximum amount which can be deducted from a participant’s salary for the purpose of buying Partnership Shares shall not exceed the 
statutory maximum which, with effect from April 2014, will be the lower of 10% of salary or £1,800 per annum.

The number of Matching Shares which may be awarded to a participant purchasing Partnership Shares under the SIP shall not exceed the 
statutory maximum which is currently two Matching Shares for every one Partnership Share purchased. 

There is no limit on the number or value of shares that may be acquired in the Plan as Dividend Shares.

Holding Periods
Free Shares and Matching Shares must be held in the Trust by the Trustees for a holding period of between three and five years, or, if earlier, 
until the employee leaves the Group. The Directors shall determine the applicable holding period at the time the offer is made. 

Dividend Shares must be held in the Trust by the Trustees for a holding period of three years or, if earlier, until the employee leaves the Group.

Participants may withdraw their Partnership Shares from the SIP at any time.

Termination of employment and forfeiture provisions
On termination of employment with the Company or any company within the Group, a participant is required to withdraw all shares from the 
SIP (other than those which are forfeited under the terms of any offer under the SIP). 

The SIP may provide for Free Shares and/or Matching Shares to be forfeited if an employee terminates employment with the Group within a 
specified period (the “Forfeiture Period”) unless the termination of employment is by reason of death, injury, disability or sale of the business for 
which the participant works out of the Group or the participant’s employment is transferred out of the Group. The Forfeiture Period may not 
exceed three years from the date the allocation of Free Shares/Matching Shares is made. 

In addition the Directors may provide that Matching Shares may be subject to forfeiture if the corresponding Partnership Shares are withdrawn 
within three years of purchase.

Voting Rights
The Directors will determine whether participants shall have the right to exercise any voting rights attaching to Shares held under the SIP. 

Limits on the issue of shares
The SIP will be subject to a limit on the number of new shares in the Company that may be issued. In any rolling ten-year period not more than 
10% of the issued ordinary share capital of the Company may be issued or issuable pursuant to the rights acquired in total under the SIP, the 
Treatt plc Long Term Incentive Plan and any other employees’ share schemes adopted by the Company.

Adjustment of awards
On a variation of the capital of the Company, the number of Shares held under the SIP will be adjusted in such manner as the Directors 
determine, subject to written confirmation from the Company’s auditors that the adjustment is, in their opinion, fair and reasonable.

84   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Reconstructions and takeovers
In the event of any reconstruction or change in control of the Company, shares must be either withdrawn from the SIP, or, if certain circumstances 
are met, exchanged for shares in the new holding which will continue to be held in the Trust under the SIP under the same terms and subject 
to the same rights and restrictions as the original shares. 

Alterations
The SIP may at any time be altered by the Directors in any respect, provided that the prior approval of the shareholders in general meeting 
will be obtained for alterations or additions to the advantage of participants, except for minor amendments to benefit the administration of the 
SIP, to take account of existing or proposed legislation or to obtain or maintain favourable tax, exchange control or regulatory treatment for 
participants in the SIP or for the Company and or any member of the Group. 

To the extent required by the law, H M Revenue & Customs approval will be sought in respect of any proposed amendment to a “key feature” 
of the SIP (ie, being a feature which is necessary to meet the requirements of the relevant legislation governing the SIP). 

Rights attaching to shares
Ordinary shares allotted under the SIP will rank equally with all other shares of the Company for the time being in issue and the Company will 
apply for admission of any new shares issued under the SIP to any relevant exchange. 

Funding the SIP
Each participating company within the Group may fund the Trustees of the Trust to subscribe for or buy shares in the market or privately. The 
Company may only fund the Trust at such time that it has sufficient distributable reserves to do so. The acquisition price for private purchases 
must not be materially more than the market price of a share at that time and the subscription of shares must be at market value or, if higher, 
at nominal value.

General
Benefits under the SIP are not pensionable.

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   85

Financial Calendar

2012/13
Financial year ended 
Results for year announced 
Annual Report and Financial Statements published 
Annual General Meeting 
Final dividend for 2013 goes ‘ex-dividend’ 
Record date for 2013 final dividend 
Last day for dividend reinvestment plan election 
Final dividend for 2013 paid 

2013/14
Interim results to 31 March 2014 announced 
Interim dividend for 2014 goes ‘ex-dividend’ 
Record date for 2014 interim dividend 
Last day for dividend reinvestment plan election 
Financial year ended 
Interim dividend for 2014 paid 
Results for year to 30 September 2014 announced 
Final dividend for 2014 paid 

* These dates are provisional and may be subject to change

 30 September 2013
 9 December 2013
19 December 2013
24 February 2014
 26 February 2014
 28 February 2014
10 March 2014
 4 April 2014

 20 May 2014*
10 September 2014*
 12 September 2014*
22 September 2014*
 30 September 2014
17 October 2014*
9 December 2014*
 3 April 2015*

86   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

Parent Company Information and Advisers

Directors 

Tim Jones (Chairman and Non-executive Director)
Daemmon Reeve (Chief Executive Officer)
Anita Haines (Human Resources Director)*
Richard Hope (Finance Director)
Jeff Iliffe (Non-executive Director – from 25 Feb 2013)
David Johnston (Non-executive Director)
Ian Neil (Non-executive Director)
Peter Thorburn (Non-executive Director – until 25 Feb 2013)

* Anita Haines will retire as an Executive Director with effect from 24 February 2014 but will continue  
  to serve as a Non-executive Director thereafter.

Secretary 

Anita Steer

Registered Office 

Northern Way, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP32 6NL.
Tel: + 44 (0) 1284 702500. Email: cosec@treatt.com.
Website: http://www.treatt.com

Registered Number 

1568937

Audit Committee 

Remuneration Committee 

Nomination Committee 

Ian Neil (Chairman until 25 Feb 2013)
Jeff Iliffe (Chairman and committee member from 25 Feb 2013)
Tim Jones
David Johnston 
Peter Thorburn (Until 25 Feb 2013) 

Ian Neil (Chairman)
Jeff Iliffe (From 25 Feb 2013)
Tim Jones
David Johnston 
Peter Thorburn (Until 25 Feb 2013)

Tim Jones (Chairman)
Daemmon Reeve
Jeff Iliffe (From 25 Feb 2013)
David Johnston 
Ian Neil
Peter Thorburn (Until 25 Feb 2013)

Brokers 

Auditors 

Solicitors 

Bankers 

Registrars 

Share Price 

Investec Investment Banking, 2 Gresham Street, London, EC2V 7QP.

Baker Tilly UK Audit LLP
Abbotsgate House, Hollow Road, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP32 7FA.

Eversheds LLP, One Wood Street, London, EC2V 7QP.
Greene and Greene, 80 Guildhall Street, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP33 1QB.

HSBC Bank plc, 140 Leadenhall Street, London, EC3V 4PS.
Lloyds Banking Group, Black Horse House, Castle Park, Cambridge, CB3 0AR.
Bank of America, 5th Floor, 101 E. Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33602.

Capita Asset Services, The Registry, 34 Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 4TU.

 Treatt Plc’s share price is available on www.ft.com. Annual and interim reports are available on the 
Group’s website (www.treatt.com).  

TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013   87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
88   TREATT PLC ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2013

TREATT IS A WORLD-LEADING  
INNOVATIVE INGREDIENT SOLUTIONS 
PROVIDER FOR THE FLAVOUR, FRAGRANCE 
AND CONSUMER GOODS INDUSTRIES

Treatt places great emphasis on investing resources into developing first-hand 
knowledge and relationships with growers and suppliers to ensure a sustainable,  
fair and rewarding future for all its stakeholders; investors, customers, growers  
and staff – across the globe.

The Group has manufacturing sites on three continents with sales offices in the  
UK, USA, France and China. Our manufacturing sites are certified to the Global  
Food Safety Initiative (GFSI) approved standard, which serves as a testament of  
our commitment to quality and safety, and allows Treatt to supply across the globe.

By developing innovative solutions for multi-national customers and providing 
unparalleled customer service, Treatt continues to create outstanding value for  
both its customers and its shareholders.

   About the

group

OVERVIEW

GOVERNANCE

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

01  Group Strategy
02  What We Do
04  Highlights
05  Group Five Year Trading Record
06  Chairman’s Statement
07  Chief Executive Officer’s Report
09  Financial Review
11  Directors’ Report
16  Strategic Report

18  Corporate Governance Statement
23  Directors’ Remuneration Report
36  Independent Auditor’s Report to  

the Members of Treatt plc

38  Group Income Statement
39   Group Statement of Comprehensive Income
40   Group and Parent Company Statements  

of Changes in Equity

42   Group and Parent Company Balance Sheets
43   Group and Parent Company Statement  

of Cash Flows

44   Group Reconciliation of Net Cash Flow  

to Movement in Net Debt

45  Notes to the Financial Statements
74  Notice of Annual General Meeting
86  Financial Calendar
87  Parent Company Information and Advisers

 
TREATT PLC
Annual Report and  

Financial Statements  2013

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A world of 
difference

in the world of ingredient solutions,  
we’re at the core of product innovation

Treatt plc  
Northern Way,  
Bury St Edmunds,  
Suffolk, IP32 6NL UK

01284 702500   

Tel: 
Fax:  01284 703809 
Email:  enquiries@treatt.com

www.treatt.com
www.earthoil.com