Quarterlytics / Basic Materials / Paper, Lumber & Forest Products / UFP Industries

UFP Industries

ufpi · NASDAQ Basic Materials
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Ticker ufpi
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Basic Materials
Industry Paper, Lumber & Forest Products
Employees 5001-10,000
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FY2016 Annual Report · UFP Industries
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Report to Shareholders 

2016 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
“Arriving at one goal is the starting point to another.” 

― John Dewey 

To our Shareholders:  

After we announced 2016’s record results, we asked our employees, “What if we said we hope 2016’s 

profits are a low point?” Because that is, indeed, what we want. In 2026, we would like to look back on 

2016 – a record year – and say, “That was the lowest point of the last 10 years.” 

We believe that breaking records starts with an attitude. You must believe you can do it.  Then you must 

add hard work, innovation and a well-thought-out strategy. Only then can you own it! 

That’s the mentality of the people of the companies of Universal Forest Products. After creating record 

results in 2015, our 60th year in business, we shattered them in 2016. Great wasn’t good enough; we 

knew we could achieve more. We did—and hit some big goals early.  

We posted record annual net sales of $3.24 billion, up 12.2 percent over 2015. Our goal was to get to  

$3 billion in sales by the end of 2017—so not only did our people hit the goal early, they crushed it.  

We posted annual net earnings attributable to controlling interest of $101.2 million, or $4.96 per diluted 

share, which was a 25.5 percent increase over 2015. 

We grew new product sales to $354.3 million – up 28.9 percent over 2015, beating another goal early. 

(Our target was new product sales of $250 million by 2016.) 

We are proud of our people, but humble about our successes.  There are many great companies and 

professionals out there, and to win, we must add new products, services and solutions for our customers. 

And, of course, we must outwork the competition.  So, we come to our facilities and job sites every day 

with that intent. It’s not magic. It’s just a simple formula we’ve used for more than 60 years.  

In 2016, we added many great people to our team, both at existing operations and through our 

acquisitions, including: 

ii 

 
 
 
 

idX, an international provider of highly customized merchandising solutions, which brought to 

Universal 20 facilities in North America, Europe and Asia, 

 

Idaho Western, a Nampa, Idaho-based distributor of products for building materials retailers and 

the manufactured housing and recreational vehicle industries,  

  Seven D Truss, L.P., a manufacturer and distributor of roof and floor trusses whose assets were 

incorporated into our operations in Gordon, Penn., 

 

The UBEECO Group Pty. Ltd., a manufacturer of wood packaging based in Erskine Park, Australia, 

a suburb of Sydney. UBEECO joins our other Australian industrial packaging operation, Integra 

Packaging, which joined the Universal family in 2015, and 

  UFP Elkwood, LLC, a producer of doors and trim for customers in the greater Washington, D.C., 

metro area and Virginia. 

These are our results by market:  

Retail. Gross sales to the retail market were $1.3 billion, up 13.7 percent over 2015, with healthy 

increases to both big box and independent retailers.  Our successes in this market included share  

gains in existing product lines and growth with new product sales. Better consumer demand and 

improved product mix helped drive sales with customers who are growing to rely on us to bring exciting 

new products to market. In our retail business, we sell hundreds of products ranging from decking, 

fencing and accessories (such as balusters and post caps) to outdoor games to loose lumber.  Among  

our products and brands are ProWood® lumber (www.prowoodlumber.com), Deckorators® decking and 

accessories (www.deckorators.com), the popular Rustic Collection of shiplap siding and trim boards in our 

UFP-Edge portfolio (www.ufpedge.com), and the lattice and other panel products sold under our 

Dimensions™ brand (www.dimensionsdiy.com).  

Industrial. Gross sales to the industrial market were $988 million, up nearly 11 percent over 2015, due  

to a 13 percent increase in unit sales, offset by a 2 percent decrease in selling prices. Acquisitions 

contributed to 10 percent of the growth in our unit sales. We achieved share gains during the year,  

adding more than 190 new customers and doing more with existing customers. In this market, we supply 

specialty crates and packaging to multiple industries, as well as components for products, like wood 

frames for mattresses and furniture. It’s a strong opportunity not just for maximizing our design and 

production expertise, which often must accommodate intricate needs for protecting and transporting 

goods, but also for using raw material that otherwise would have been waste.  

iii 

 
Construction. Gross sales to the construction market were $1.0 billion, up 12 percent over 2015 due to 

an 11 percent increase in unit sales and a 1 percent increase in selling prices. Residential construction 

includes traditional site-built single- and multifamily construction as well as factory built homes. Unit sales 

increased 17 percent to residential construction customers and 5 percent to manufactured housing 

customers (which includes both modular and HUD-code homes). In commercial construction, we saw a  

10 percent increase in shipments in 2016 over the prior year.  

We are proud of these achievements and numbers, but they tell only part of the story. Our growth and 

opportunities lie in new areas—whether by geography, market or distribution channel—and, in 2016, we 

unfolded exciting strategies in those areas. For example, we launched a global group, responsible for 

growing our business around the world, and we put a Universal veteran at its helm. Mike Mordell joined 

the company in 1993 and was successful in many capacities, including the position he had prior to his 

appointment: executive vice president of our purchasing affiliate. Today, Mike is responsible for sales, 

production, distribution and developing partnerships related to our business outside the U.S.  

While we had many people throughout our organization working on E-commerce initiatives, we 

strengthened the focus in 2016 by bringing them into a single group and appointing another company 

veteran to lead it. Today, former CIO Ron Klyn is running our E-commerce group as its vice president, 

responsible for creating, managing and growing our business through digital channels, including B2B 

(business to business) and B2C (business to consumer), working with both existing and new customers.  

Concerned about students graduating from college with mountains of debt and, too often, limited 

practical skills, we started UFP Business School. It’s a two-year program aimed at recent high school 

graduates that’s modeled after a traditional business degree program. Students are in classes 10 hours  

a week and in paid internships 20 hours a week. The company underwrites the cost of the school and, 

upon graduation, UFP Business School grads get the first crack at available jobs. The inaugural class of 

nine students has been a great success. We’re working to expand the program by adding students and 

placing coursework online so that we can offer it outside of our Grand Rapids, Michigan, headquarters.  

As you can see, we’re driven to do things differently and better than others. 

We don’t think government can solve all of our challenges without usurping many of our freedoms,  

and we remain cautiously optimistic that elected officials can foster a business climate that enables us  

to grow, which, in turn, allows us to employ more people, give them great opportunities to provide for 

themselves and their families and build wealth for their futures.  

iv 

 
 
 
Thank you for your investment, interest and trust in us. We take none of it lightly, and we work hard to 

earn it every day we turn on the lights. We exist to succeed and to create opportunity and wealth for all  

of our stakeholders. We believe that what works for our company can also help work to heal our country. 

Growth, jobs, opportunity and freedom seem like a good start!  

In 2017, we will be focused on building shareholder value and breaking records again with the hopes  

that we are able to write an even better letter to you next year. Thank you! And God bless America! 

Cordially, 

William G. Currie 
Chairman of the Board   

Matthew J. Missad 
Chief Executive Officer 

v 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Table of Contents

Selected Financial Data

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015

Exhibit 13

2

3-17

18

19

20

22-23

Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2016, December
26, 2015, and December 27, 2014

24

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2016, December 26, 2015, and
December 27, 2014

25-27

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2016, December 26, 2015, and December
27, 2014

28-29

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Price Range of Common Stock and Dividends

Stock Performance Graph

Directors and Executive Officers

Shareholder Information

30-49

50

51

52

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
(In thousands, except per share and statistics data)

Consolidated Statement of Earnings Data

Net sales

Gross profit

Earnings before income taxes

Net earnings attributable to controlling interest

Diluted earnings per share

Dividends per share
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data
Working capital(1)
Total assets

Total debt

Shareholders' equity
Statistics

Gross profit as a percentage of

net sales

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

$ 3,240,493

$ 2,887,071

$ 2,660,329

$ 2,470,448

$ 2,054,933

325,342

280,552

225,109

474,590

160,671

101,179

4.96

0.870

484,661

$

$

$

$

399,904

131,002

80,595

3.99

0.820

444,057

$

$

$

$

95,713

57,551

2.86

0.610

397,546

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,292,058

1,107,679

1,023,800

111,693

860,466

85,895

766,409

98,645

699,560

70,258

43,082

2.15

0.410

357,299

916,987

84,700

649,734

$

$

$

41,064

23,934

1.21

0.400

338,389

860,540

95,790

607,525

14.6%

13.9%

12.2%

11.4%

11.0%

Net earnings attributable to controlling interest
as a percentage of net sales
Return on beginning equity(2)
Current ratio(4)
Debt to equity ratio(5)
Book value per common share(3)

3.1%

13.2%

2.78

0.13

2.8%

11.5%

3.17

0.11

2.2%

8.8%

3.27

0.14

1.7%

7.1%

3.59

0.13

1.2%

4.1%

3.95

0.16

$

42.30

$

38.05

$

35.01

$

32.57

$

30.68

(1)  Current assets less current liabilities.
(2)  Net earnings attributable to controlling interest divided by beginning shareholders’ equity.
(3)  Shareholders’ equity divided by common stock outstanding.
(4)  Current assets divided by current liabilities.
(5)  Total debt divided by shareholders' equity.

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Universal Forest Products, Inc. is a holding company with subsidiaries throughout North America, Europe, Asia, and in Australia 
that supply wood, wood composite and other products to three robust markets: retail, industrial, and construction. The Company 
is headquartered in Grand Rapids, Mich. For more information about Universal Forest Products, Inc., or its affiliated operations, 
go to www.ufpi.com.

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, 
that are based on management’s beliefs, assumptions, current expectations, estimates and projections about the markets we serve, 
the economy and the Company itself. Words like “anticipates,” “believes,” “confident,” “estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “likely,” 
“plans,” “projects,” “should,” variations of such words, and similar expressions identify such forward-looking statements. These 
statements do not guarantee future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict 
with regard to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence. The Company does not undertake to update forward-looking 
statements to reflect facts, circumstances, events, or assumptions that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made. 
Actual results could differ materially from those included in such forward-looking statements. Investors are cautioned that all 
forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainty. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially 
from forward-looking statements are the following: fluctuations in the price of lumber; adverse or unusual weather conditions; 
adverse economic conditions in the markets we serve; government regulations, particularly involving environmental and safety 
regulations; and our ability to make successful business acquisitions. Certain of these risk factors as well as other risk factors and 
additional information are included in the Company's reports on Form 10-K and 10-Q on file with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission. We are pleased to present this overview of 2016.

Our results for 2016 were impacted by the following:

OVERVIEW

•  Our sales increased 12% in 2016 due to an 11% increase in our unit sales and a 1% increase in overall selling prices (see 
“Historical Lumber Prices”).  Our unit sales increased in all three of our markets - retail, industrial, and construction - and 
were driven by a combination of acquisition and organic growth.  Businesses we acquired contributed 3% to our unit sales 
growth in 2016 (see Note C of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). 

•  The Home Improvement Research Institute reported a 6% increase in home improvement sales in 2016.  Comparatively, our 

unit sales to the retail market increased 10% in 2016. 

•  Our sales to the industrial market increased 11% in 2016.  Businesses we acquired contributed 10% to unit sales growth.  
Comparatively, the Federal Reserve's Industrial Production noted that national industrial production increased less than 1% 
in 2016.

•  National housing starts increased approximately 5% in the period from December 2015 through November 2016, compared 
to the same period of the prior year (our sales trail housing starts by about a month).  Comparatively, our unit sales to residential 
construction customers increased 17% in 2016.  

• 

Production of HUD code manufactured homes were up 15% in the period from January through December 2016, compared 
to the same period of the prior year, and year over year modular home starts increased 9% in the first six months of 2016 (the 
last period reported).  Comparatively, our unit sales to the manufactured housing market increased 5% in 2016.

•  Our profitability improved to $101.2 million in net earnings attributable to controlling interest from $80.6 million last year 

primarily due to a combination of strong organic sales growth and favorable improvements in sales mix.

•  Our cash flow from operating activities increased to $172 million due to our improved profitability and working capital 

management.  Additionally, we invested almost $173 million in newly acquired businesses in 2016.

3

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

HISTORICAL LUMBER PRICES

The following table presents the Random Lengths framing lumber composite price.

Random Lengths Composite
Average $/MBF
2015

2016

2014

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Annual average

Annual percentage change

$

$

316

310

321

345

356

353

351

367

354

356

346

357

344

$

$

379

361

339

334

315

328

346

327

300

308

326

314

331

$

$

3.9%

(13.6)%

395

394

387

367

377

375

381

401

398

381

367

375

383

In addition, a Southern Yellow Pine (“SYP”) composite price, which we prepare and use, is presented below. Our purchases of 
this species comprises approximately 43% of total lumber purchases for 2016 and 2015.

January

February

March

April

May
June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Annual average

Annual percentage change

Random Lengths SYP
Average $/MBF
2015

2014

2016

$

$

358

357

366

389

397

382

380

391

375

385

387

400

381

$

$

411

399

393

400

368

354

344

321

290

318

348

347

358

$

$

6.4%

(10.3)%

375

398

406

392

402

406

396

419

416

393

386

399

399

IMPACT OF THE LUMBER MARKET ON OUR OPERATING RESULTS

We experience significant fluctuations in the cost of commodity lumber products from primary producers ("Lumber Market").  
We generally price our products to pass lumber costs through to our customers so that our profitability is based on the value-added 

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

manufacturing,  distribution,  engineering,  and  other  services  we  provide.  As  a  result,  our  sales  levels  (and  working  capital 
requirements) are impacted by the lumber costs of our products.  Lumber costs were 48.5%, 48.9%, and 53.5% of our sales in 
2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Our gross margins are impacted by (1) the relative level of the Lumber Market (i.e. whether prices are higher or lower from 
comparative periods), and (2) the trend in the market price of lumber (i.e. whether the price of lumber is increasing or decreasing 
within a period or from period to period). Moreover, as explained below, our products are priced differently.  Some of our products 
have fixed selling prices, while the selling prices of other products are indexed to the reported Lumber Market with a fixed dollar 
adder to cover conversion costs and profits.  Consequently, the level and trend of the Lumber Market impact our products differently.

Below is a general description of the primary ways in which our products are priced.

• 

• 

Products with fixed selling prices.  These products include value-added products such as decking and fencing sold to retail 
building materials customers, as well as trusses, wall panels and other components sold to the residential construction market, 
and most industrial packaging products.  Prices for these products are generally fixed at the time of the sales quotation for a 
specified period of time or are based upon a specific quantity.  In order to maintain margins and reduce any exposure to adverse 
trends in the price of component lumber products, we attempt to lock in costs with our suppliers for these sales commitments.  
Also, the time period and quantity limitations generally allow us to re-price our products for changes in lumber costs from 
our suppliers.

Products with selling prices indexed to the reported Lumber Market with a fixed dollar "adder" to cover conversion costs and 
profits.  These products primarily include treated lumber, remanufactured lumber, and trusses sold to the manufactured housing 
industry.  For these products, we estimate the customers' needs and we carry anticipated levels of inventory.  Because lumber 
costs are incurred in advance of final sale prices, subsequent increases or decreases in the market price of lumber impact our 
gross margins.  For these products, our margins are exposed to changes in the trend of lumber prices.  

The greatest risk associated with changes in the trend of lumber prices is on the following products:

• 

Products with significant inventory levels with low turnover rates, whose selling prices are indexed to the Lumber Market.  
In other words, the longer the period of time these products remain in inventory, the greater the exposure to changes in the 
price of lumber. This would include treated lumber, which comprises approximately 19% of our total sales.  This exposure is 
less significant with remanufactured lumber, trusses sold to the manufactured housing market, and other similar products, due 
to  the  higher  rate  of  inventory  turnover.  We  attempt  to  mitigate  the  risk  associated  with  treated  lumber  through  vendor 
consignment inventory programs.  (Please refer to the “Risk Factors” section of our annual report on form 10-K, filed with 
the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.)

• 

Products  with  fixed  selling  prices  sold  under  long-term  supply  arrangements,  particularly  those  involving  multi-family 
construction projects.  We attempt to mitigate this risk through our purchasing practices by locking in costs.

In addition to the impact of the Lumber Market trends on gross margins, changes in the level of the market cause fluctuations in 
gross margins when comparing operating results from period to period. This is explained in the following example, which assumes 
the price of lumber has increased from period one to period two, with no changes in the trend within each period.

Lumber cost

Conversion cost

 = Product cost

Adder

 = Sell price

Gross margin

Period 1

Period 2

$

$

300

50

350

50

400

$

$

400

50

450

50

500

12.5%

10.0%

As is apparent from the preceding example, the level of lumber prices does not impact our overall profits but does impact our 
margins.   Gross  margins  are  negatively  impacted  during  periods  of  high  lumber  prices;  conversely,  we  experience  margin 
improvement when lumber prices are relatively low.  As a result of this factor, we believe it is useful to compare our change in 
units shipped with our change in gross profits as a method of evaluating profitability.

5

 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS AND ASSET PURCHASES

We completed five business acquisitions during 2016 and two during 2015 and each was accounted for using the purchase method.  
The aggregate annual sales of these acquisitions totals $362 million and collectively they contributed $100 million to net sales in 
2016.  These business combinations were not significant to our operating results individually or in aggregate, and thus pro forma 
results for 2016 and 2015 are not presented.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note C, "Business Combinations" for additional information.

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, the components of our Consolidated Statements of Earnings as a 
percentage of net sales.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net sales

Cost of goods sold

Gross profit

Selling, general, and administrative expenses

Loss contingency for anti-dumping duty assessments

Net loss (gain) on disposition of assets and other impairment charges

Earnings from operations

Other expense, net

Earnings before income taxes

Income taxes

Net earnings

Less net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest

Net earnings attributable to controlling interest

December 31,
2016

Years Ended

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

85.4

14.6

9.6

—

—

5.1

0.1

5.0

1.7

3.3
(0.1)
3.1%

86.1

13.9

9.2

—

—

4.7

0.2

4.5

1.6

2.9
(0.2)
2.8%

87.8

12.2

8.6

0.1
(0.1)
3.7

0.1

3.6

1.3

2.3
(0.2)
2.2%

Note: Actual percentages are calculated and may not sum to total due to rounding.

GROSS SALES

We design, manufacture and market wood and wood-alternative products for national home centers and other retailers, structural 
lumber and other products for the manufactured housing industry, engineered wood components for residential and commercial 
construction, specialty wood packaging, components and packing materials for various industries, and customized interior fixtures 
used in a variety of retail stores, commercial and other structures.  Our strategic long-term sales objectives include:

•  Diversifying our end market sales mix by increasing sales of specialty wood packaging to industrial users, increasing our 
penetration of the concrete forming market, increasing our sales of engineered wood components for custom home, multi-
family, military and light commercial construction, increasing our market share with independent retailers, and increasing our 
sales of customized interior fixtures used in a variety of markets.  

•  Expanding geographically in our core businesses, domestically and internationally.

• 

Increasing sales of "value-added" products, which primarily consist of fencing, decking, lattice, and other specialty products 
sold to the retail  market, specialty wood packaging, engineered wood components, customized interior fixtures, and "wood 
alternative" products. Engineered wood components include roof trusses, wall panels, and floor systems.  Wood alternative 
products consist primarily of composite wood and plastics. Although we consider the treatment of dimensional lumber with 
certain chemical preservatives a value-added process, treated lumber is not presently included in the value-added sales totals.

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

•  Maximizing unit sales growth while achieving return on investment goals

•  Developing new products and expanding our product offering for existing customers.  New product sales were $354.3 million 
in 2016, $274.9 million in 2015, and $200.7 million in 2014.  (Certain prior year product reclassifications resulted in an increase 
in new product sales in 2015 and 2014.)

December 31,
2016

New Product Sales by Market
December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

Retail
Industrial
Construction
Total New Product Sales

$

$

205,934
94,844
53,505
354,283

$

$

153,880
74,424
46,572
274,876

$

$

116,119
33,077
51,537
200,733

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, our gross sales (in thousands) and percentage change in gross sales by 
market classification.

Market Classification
Retail

Industrial

Construction

Total Gross Sales

Sales Allowances

Total Net Sales

December
31,
2016

$

1,292,892

988,040

1,009,317

3,290,249

(49,756)

$

3,240,493

Years Ended

December
26,
2015

$

1,136,643

893,149

897,301

2,927,093
(40,022)
2,887,071

$

%
Change

13.7

10.6

12.5

12.4

24.3

12.2

%
Change

10.9

13.3

1.4

7.8

6.4

8.5

December
27,
2014

$

1,024,788

788,450

884,698

2,697,936
(37,607)
2,660,329

$

Note: During 2016, certain customers were reclassified to a different market.  Prior year information has been restated to reflect 
these changes.

The following table presents estimates, for the periods indicated, of our percentage change in gross sales which were attributable 
to changes in overall selling prices versus changes in units shipped.

2016 versus 2015

2015 versus 2014

2014 versus 2013

Retail:

% Change

in Sales

in Selling Prices

in Units

12.4%

8.5%

7.7%

1.2 %

(3.0)%

— %

11.2%

11.5%

7.7%

Gross sales to the retail market increased almost 14% in 2016 compared to 2015 due to a 10% increase in unit sales and a 4% 
increase in selling prices.  Within this market, sales to our big box customers increased 17% while our sales to other retailers 
increased 10%.  Our increase in unit sales was primarily organic growth achieved through a combination of share gains in existing 
product lines with certain retailers, an improvement in consumer demand, and growth in our new product sales.  Our large retail 
customers reported year over year same store sales growth of approximately 6% during the first nine months of 2016.  

Gross sales to the retail market increased almost 11% in 2015 compared to 2014 due to a 12% increase in unit sales, offset by a 
1% decrease in selling prices.  Within this market, sales to our big box customers increased 15% while our sales to other retailers 
increased 5%.  We believe that our increase in unit sales was primarily due to share gains in existing product lines with certain 

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

retailers, an improvement in consumer demand, and growth in our new product sales. Our large retail customers reported year 
over year same store sales growth of approximately 5% during the first nine months of 2015. 

Industrial:

Gross sales to the industrial market increased 11% in 2016 compared to 2015, resulting from a 13% increase in overall unit sales, 
offset by a 2% decrease in selling prices.  Businesses we acquired contributed 10% to our growth in unit sales.  Our organic growth 
in unit sales was 3% as a result of share gains achieved by adding 191 new customers during the year and increasing the number 
of locations we serve of certain large customers.  We believe overall market demand decreased in 2016.

Gross sales to the industrial market increased 14% in 2015 compared to 2014, resulting from a 17% increase in overall unit sales, 
offset by a 3% decrease in selling prices. Businesses we acquired contributed 12% to our growth in unit sales. Our organic growth 
in unit sales of 5% was due to share gains achieved with several existing customers, as well as adding 168 new customers.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note C, "Business Combinations" for additional information concerning acquired 
businesses.

Construction:

Gross sales to the construction market increased over 12% in 2016 compared to 2015, due to a unit sales increase of 11% and a 
1% increase in selling prices.  Unit sales increased due to a 17% increase in units shipped to residential construction customers, 
a 10% increase in shipments to commercial construction customers, and a 5% increase in shipments to manufactured housing 
customers.  Businesses we acquired in 2016 contributed 2% in unit sales growth to manufactured housing customers.  Comparatively, 
Mortgage  Bankers  Association  of  America  reported  year  over  year  national  housing  starts  increased  5%,  the  commercial 
construction market increased 5%, National Association of Home Builders reported industry production of HUD-code homes 
increased 14%, and modular home starts increased 9% for the first six months of 2016 (the last period reported).  The increases 
in our sales to residential and commercial construction above  nationally recognized market data are primarily due to a combination 
of increased demand and market share in certain areas of our geographic footprint.  Our growth in the manufactured housing market 
was less than the national average, which was primarily due to a reduction in market share resulting from the loss of certain 
customers.   

Gross sales to the construction market increased approximately 1% in 2015 compared to 2014, due to a unit sales increase of 5%, 
offset by a 4% decrease in selling prices.  Unit sales increased due to a 4% increase in units shipped to residential construction 
customers, a 15% increase in shipments to commercial construction customers, and a 2% increase in shipments to manufactured 
housing customers.  Comparatively, Mortgage Bankers Association of America reported year over year housing starts increased 
11% nationally, the commercial construction market increased 11%, National Association of Home Builders reported industry 
production of HUD-code homes increased 8.7%, and modular home starts remained flat for the first nine months of 2015 (the last 
period reported).  

Value-Added and Commodity-Based Sales:

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, our percentage of value-added and commodity-based sales to total sales.  
Value-added products generally carry higher gross margins than our commodity-based products.

2016

2015

2014

Value-Added

Commodity-Based

62.6%

59.8%

58.5%

37.4%

40.2%

41.5%

COST OF GOODS SOLD AND GROSS PROFIT

Our gross profit percentage increased from 13.9% in 2015 to 14.6% in 2016.  Additionally, our gross profit dollars increased by 
almost  $75  million,  or  19%,  which  exceeds  our  11%  increase  in  unit  sales.  The  improvement  in  our  profitability  in  2016  is 
attributable to the following factors:

8

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

•  Approximately $38 million of the increase is attributable to our growth in unit sales to the retail market and an improvement 
in margin on those sales.  New product sales, effective inventory positioning leading to lower lumber costs, and the favorable 
impact of selling into a rising lumber market on variable priced products contributed to our margin improvement.  

•  Our growth in unit sales to the industrial market and  margin improvement on those sales for most of the year resulted in a 
$22 million improvement in our gross profit.  Businesses we acquired in 2016 contributed $16 million of this increase.  The 
gross margin improvement is attributable to a favorable improvement in our product sales mix of more value-added products. 

•  Almost $16 million of our gross profit improvement was due to growth in sales to the residential construction, commercial 

construction, and manufactured housing markets as our gross margins remained relatively flat.

Our gross profit percentage increased from 12.2% in 2014 to 13.9% in 2015.  Additionally, our gross profit dollars increased by 
almost $75 million, or 23%, which exceeds our 11.5% increase in unit sales.  The improvement in our profitability in 2015 is 
attributable to the following factors:

•  Our growth in unit sales to the industrial market and a significant margin improvement on those sales contributed almost 
$50 million to our gross profit improvement.  The gross margin improvement is attributable to an improvement in our sales 
mix and benefiting from lower lumber costs relative to our fixed selling prices in the last six months of 2015.  We estimate 
lower lumber costs contributed $17 million to $20 million to our overall improvement in gross profits.

•  Approximately  $17  million  of  the  increase  is  attributable  to  our  growth  in  unit  sales  to  the  retail  market  and  a  slight 

improvement in margin on those sales.  New product sales contributed to our margin improvement;

•  Over $9 million of our gross profit improvement was due to growth in sales and an improvement in margins on sales to the 
residential construction market.  Margins improved primarily as a result of efforts to be more selective in the business that 
we take as market conditions have improved.

SELLING, GENERAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased by approximately $45.9 million, or 17%, in 2016 compared to 
2015, while we reported an 11% increase in unit sales.  Acquired businesses contributed $17 million to our increase.  The remaining 
increase in SG&A was primarily due to an $11 million increase in compensation and benefit costs resulting from annual raises, 
other cost increases, and hiring additional personnel to support sales growth, and a $14 million increase in incentive compensation 
expense tied to profitability and return on investment.

Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased by approximately $34.5 million, or 15%, in 2015 compared to 
2014, while we reported an 11.5% increase in unit sales.  The increase in SG&A was primarily due to a $12 million increase in 
compensation and related expenses resulting from annual raises and hiring additional sales and design personnel to support sales 
growth, and a $16 million increase in incentive compensation expense tied to profitability and return on investment.  Our SG&A 
has increased as a percentage of sales due to the favorable change in our sales mix of more value-added products which require 
higher SG&A costs and incentive compensation.

ANTI-DUMPING DUTY ASSESSMENTS

We accrued $1.6 million related to estimated anti-dumping duty assessments in 2014, imposed by the US government on plywood 
and steel nails imported from China.  During a 2016 assessment, it was determined that the estimated anti-dumping duty accrual 
was no longer necessary.

NET LOSS (GAIN) ON DISPOSITION OF ASSETS AND OTHER IMPAIRMENT CHARGES

The net gain on disposition and impairment of assets totaled $3.4 million in 2014.  Included within the $3.4 million net gain was 
a gain on the sale of certain real estate totaling $2.7 million completed by a 50% owned subsidiary of the Company.    During 
2014, we also recognized a net gain on the sale of other properties and equipment totaling $1.9 million. These gains were offset 
by a $1.2 million impairment loss recorded to reduce the value of one of our vacant properties.

INTEREST, NET

9

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net  interest  costs  were  lower  in  2016  compared  to  2015,  due  to  a  lower  outstanding  balance  on  our  revolving  line  of  credit 
throughout 2016 resulting in less associated interest expense.  

Net interest costs were higher in 2015 compared to 2014, due to a higher outstanding balance on our revolving line of credit 
throughout 2015 resulting in additional associated interest expense and the loss of interest income related to notes receivable 
collected in late 2014 and 2015.  

INCOME TAXES

Effective tax rates differ from statutory federal income tax rates, primarily due to provisions for state and local income taxes and 
permanent tax differences.  Our effective tax rate decreased to 34.3% in 2016 compared to 35.0% in 2015.  The decrease in the 
2016 tax rate is primarily due to a reduction in our estimated state tax rate.

Our effective tax rate decreased to 35.0% in 2015 compared to 35.7% in 2014.  The decrease in the 2015 tax rate is due to an 
increase in our domestic manufacturing deduction and a reduction in our estimated state tax rate.

SEGMENT REPORTING

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, our net sales and earnings from operations by reportable segment.

(in thousands)

Net Sales

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

2016 vs 2015

2015 vs 2014

North $

1,000,426

$

922,092

$

South

West

idX

All Other

711,862

1,251,093

87,001

190,111

656,550

1,133,398

—

840,277

611,700

1,062,565

—

175,031

145,787

8.5%

8.4

10.4

—

8.6

Total $

3,240,493

$

2,887,071

$

2,660,329

12.2%

(in thousands)

Earnings from Operations

9.7%

7.3

6.7

—

20.1

8.5%

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

2016 vs 2015

2015 vs 2014

North $

59,408

$

53,879

$

South
West

idX

All Other
Corporate1

47,146
76,875

627

16,012

(35,630)

Total $

164,438

$

30,740
70,220

—

3,038
(22,410)
135,467

$

32,988

24,474
53,575

—

3,155
(16,825)
97,367

10.3%

53.4
9.5

—

427.1
(59.0)
21.4%

63.3%

25.6
31.1

—
(3.7)
(33.2)
39.1%

1Corporate primarily represents over (under) allocated administrative costs and certain incentive compensation expense.

North

10

 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands)

Market Classification
Retail

Industrial

Construction

Total Gross Sales

Sales Allowances

Total Net Sales

Net Sales

North Segment by Market

Twelve Months Ended

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

% Change
2016 vs 2015

% Change
2015 vs 2014

$

465,823 $

415,709 $

118,492

436,121

1,020,436

119,890

402,534

938,133

(20,010)

(16,041)

$

1,000,426 $

922,092 $

351,734

122,189

379,011

852,934
(12,657)
840,277

12.1
(1.2)
8.3

8.8
(24.7)
8.5

18.2
(1.9)
6.2

10.0
(26.7)
9.7

Net sales attributable to the North reportable segment increased by 8.5% in 2016, due to increases in sales to our retail and residential 
construction markets, offset by a decrease in sales to our industrial customers as a result of the same factors discussed under "Gross 
Sales".

Earnings from operations for the North reportable segment increased in 2016 primarily due to the growth in our sales to retail 
and residential construction customers.  Additionally, margin improvements were achieved on sales to the retail and industrial 
markets due to a more favorable product sales mix focused on value-added products.  These improvements were offset by a 
12.6% increase in our SG&A expenses from 2015 to 2016.

Net sales attributable to the North reportable segment increased by 9.7% in 2015, due to an increase in sales to our retail, residential 
construction, and manufactured housing customers, offset by a decline in sales to our industrial customers, as a result of the same 
factors discussed under "Gross Sales".

Earnings from operations for the North reportable segment increased in 2015 primarily due to the growth in our sales to retail 
and residential construction customers.  Margin improvements were also achieved due to a more favorable product sales mix 
and a decline in lumber costs in the last six months of 2015 on products we sell with fixed selling prices.  These improvements 
were offset by an 11.4% increase in our SG&A expenses from 2014 to 2015.

South

(in thousands)

Market Classification
Retail

Industrial

Construction

Total Gross Sales

Sales Allowances

Total Net Sales

Net Sales

South Segment by Market

Twelve Months Ended

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

% Change
2016 vs 2015

% Change
2015 vs 2014

$

315,109 $

288,395 $

249,599

161,382

726,090

245,539

134,400

668,334

(14,228)

(11,784)

$

711,862 $

656,550 $

259,121

234,271

127,603

620,995
(9,295)
611,700

9.3

1.7

20.1

8.6
(20.7)
8.4

11.3

4.8

5.3

7.6
(26.8)
7.3

Net sales attributable to the South reportable segment increased by 8.4% in 2016, primarily due to an increase in sales to our retail 
and manufactured housing customers, as a result of the same factors discussed under "Gross Sales".

Earnings from operations for the South reportable segment increased in 2016 primarily due to the growth in our sales to retail and 
manufactured housing customers.  Additionally, we achieved margin improvements primarily due to improvements in our sales 

11

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

mix of more value-added products and closure of certain under-performing operations.  The overall improvement in gross profit 
was offset by a 4.7% increase in SG&A expenses from 2015 to 2016.

Net sales attributable to the South reportable segment increased by 7.3% in 2015, primarily due to an increase in sales to our retail, 
industrial, and manufactured housing customers, as a result of the same factors discussed under "Gross Sales". 

Earnings from operations for the South reportable segment increased in 2015 primarily due to our growth in sales and margin 
improvements.  Margin improvements were primarily due to a more favorable product sales mix and low lumber costs in the 
last six months of 2015 on products we sell with fixed selling prices.  The overall improvement in gross profit was offset by a 
9.5% increase in SG&A expenses from 2014 to 2015.

West

(in thousands)

Market Classification
Retail

Industrial

Construction

Total Gross Sales

Sales Allowances

Total Net Sales

Net Sales

West Segment by Market

Twelve Months Ended

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

% Change
2016 vs 2015

% Change
2015 vs 2014

$

384,666 $

322,639 $

471,055

411,810

463,908

360,353

1,267,531

1,146,900

(16,438)

(13,502)

$

1,251,093 $

1,133,398 $

313,403

384,265

378,059

1,075,727
(13,162)
1,062,565

19.2

1.5

14.3

10.5
(21.7)
10.4

2.9

20.7
(4.7)
6.6
(2.6)
6.7

Net sales of the West reportable segment increased by 10.4% in 2016, primarily due to an increase in sales to the retail and 
construction markets, as a result of the same factors discussed under "Gross Sales".  Additionally, newly acquired businesses 
contributed $11.3 million in gross sales to the retail and construction markets in 2016.

Earnings from operations for the West reportable segment increased in 2016 primarily due to growth in our sales to the retail and 
construction markets, and an improvement in margins.  Our margins increased due to an improvement in our sales mix of value-
added products.  These improvements were offset by a 14.2% increase in SG&A expenses during 2016.

Net sales of the West reportable segment increased by 6.7% in 2015, due to an increase in sales to the retail, commercial 
construction, and industrial markets.  Businesses we acquired in 2015 and at the end of 2014 contributed $92.3 million to our 
growth in sales to the industrial market.  These increases were offset by a decline in sales to manufactured housing and 
residential construction customers.

Earnings from operations for the West reportable segment increased in 2015 primarily due to the growth in our sales to the retail 
and industrial markets and an improvement in margins.  Our margins increased due to an improvement in our sales mix of value-
add  products  and  lower  lumber  prices  in  the  last  six  months  of  2015  on  products  we  sell  with  fixed  selling  prices.     These 
improvements were offset by a 9.9% increase in SG&A expenses during 2015.

idX

12

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands)

Market Classification
Industrial

Total Gross Sales

Sales Allowances

Total Net Sales

Net Sales

idX Segment by Market

Twelve Months Ended

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

% Change
2016 vs 2015

% Change
2015 vs 2014

87,262

87,262

(261)

—

—

—

$

87,001 $

— $

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

On September 16, 2016, we acquired idX Holdings, Inc. ("idX").  idX is a designer, manufacturer and installer of highly 
customized in-store environments that are used in a range of end markets.  Prior to acquisition, idX had annual sales and 
earnings from operations of approximately $300 million and $23 million, respectively.

All Other

(in thousands)

Market Classification
Retail

Industrial

Construction

Total Gross Sales

Sales Allowances

Total Net Sales

Net Sales

All Other Segment by Market

Twelve Months Ended

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

% Change
2016 vs 2015

% Change
2015 vs 2014

$

127,295 $

109,900 $

100,530

61,632

3

188,930

1,181

63,813

12

173,725

1,306

$

190,111 $

175,031 $

47,724

26

148,280
(2,493)
145,787

15.8
(3.4)
(75.0)
8.8

9.6

8.6

9.3

33.7
(53.8)
17.2

152.4

20.1

Net sales of all other segments increased 8.6% in 2016 primarily due to an increase in sales by our Alternative Materials operations, 
primarily due to an increase in market share with certain Big Box retailers.  

Earnings from operations for all other segments increased in 2016, primarily due to the sales growth and operational improvements 
of our Alternative Materials operations and to a lesser extent the performance of our captive insurance subsidiary, Ardellis.  

Net sales of all other segments increased 20.1% in 2015 primarily due to:

•  An increase in sales by our Alternative Materials operations to retail customers.  Our Alternative Materials operations 
primarily manufacture, distribute, and sell composite decking, decorative post caps and balusters, and a variety of other 
deck accessories to retail customers.

•  An increase in sales to the Industrial market by our Pinelli Universal partnership.  Pinelli Universal manufactures moulding 

and millwork products out of its plant in Durango, Mexico.

•  Our Integra Packaging partnership, acquired in 2015, which manufactures and distributes specialty packaging products.

Earnings from operations for all other segments decreased slightly in 2015, primarily due to a gain on the sale of certain real estate 
in Mexico recorded in the third quarter of 2014 totaling $2.7 million and a 28% increase in SG&A expenses in 2015, offset by 
margin improvements achieved by our Pinelli Universal partnership on its sales to industrial customers in 2015.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET COMMITMENTS AND CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

We have no significant off-balance sheet commitments other than operating leases.  The following table summarizes our contractual 
obligations as of December 31, 2016 (in thousands).

13

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Contractual Obligation

Payments Due by Period

Less than
1 Year

1 – 3
Years

3 – 5
Years

After
5 Years

Total

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations

$

2,595

$

24,348

$

41,490

$

43,260

$

111,693

Estimated interest on long-term debt and capital
lease obligations

Operating leases

Capital project purchase obligations

Total

3,548

17,664

10,075

6,954

23,014

—

6,114

10,214

—

6,296

4,974

—

22,912

55,866

10,075

$

33,882

$

54,316

$

57,818

$

54,530

$

200,546

As of December 31, 2016, we also had $25.5 million in outstanding letters of credit issued during the normal course of business, 
as required by some vendor contracts.

The table below presents, for the periods indicated, a summary of our cash flow statement (in thousands):

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash from operating activities

Cash used in investing activities

Cash from (used in) financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

172,520
(227,469)
3,211
(1,927)
(53,665)
87,756

168,796
(46,817)
(33,002)
(1,221)
87,756

0

$

34,091

$

87,756

$

73,120
(67,063)
(5,205)
(852)
—

0

—

In general, we financed our growth in the past through a combination of operating cash flows, our revolving credit facility, industrial 
development bonds (when circumstances permit), and issuance of long-term notes payable at times when interest rates are favorable.  
We have not issued equity to finance growth except in the case of a large acquisition.  We manage our capital structure by attempting 
to maintain a targeted ratio of debt to equity and debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.  We believe 
this is one of many important factors to maintaining a strong credit profile, which in turn helps ensure timely access to capital 
when needed.

Seasonality has a significant impact on our working capital due to our primary selling season which occurs during the period from 
March to August. Consequently, our working capital increases during our first and second quarter resulting in negative or modest 
cash flows from operations during those periods. Conversely, we experience a substantial decrease in working capital once we 
move beyond our peak selling season which typically results in significant cash flows from operations in our third and fourth 
quarters.

Due to the seasonality of our business and the effects of the Lumber Market, we believe our cash cycle (days of sales outstanding 
plus days supply of inventory less days payables outstanding) is a good indicator of our working capital management. As indicated 
in the table below, our cash cycle decreased to 48 days in 2016 from 53 days in 2015.

14

 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

December 31,
2016

Twelve Months Ended
December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

Days of sales outstanding
Days supply of inventory
Days payables outstanding
Days in cash cycle

$

$

31
38
(21)
48

$

31
43
(21)
53

31
41
(22)
50

Improvements in our days supply of inventory in 2016 was due, in part, to strong customer demand, particularly in our retail market 
which typically requires a greater investment in inventory than our other markets, as well as certain improvements in inventory 
management.  Additionally, during 2015 we carried higher levels of safety stock inventory due to inclement weather early in the 
year and expected industry transportation challenges.  Each of our operating segments achieved significant improvements in their 
days supply of inventory. Our North, South, and West segments improved their days supply of inventory by 9%, 22%, and 12%, 
respectively, through 2016.

Our cash flows from operating activities in 2016 was $172.5 million, which was comprised of net earnings of $105.5 million, 
$48.2 million of non-cash expenses, and a $18.8 million decrease in working capital since the end of December 2015.  Comparatively, 
cash generated from operating activities was approximately $168.8 million in 2015, which was comprised of net earnings of $85.1 
million, $41.6 million of non-cash expenses, and a $42.1 million decrease in working capital since the end of 2014. In 2015, 
working capital declined primarily due to reducing inventory to targeted levels and an increase in accrued liabilities resulting from 
a $17 million increase in accrued compensation.

Acquisitions comprised most of our cash used in investing activities during 2016 and totaled $172.9 million, which includes $92.8 
million paid to retire all of idX's debt and certain other obligations on the acquisition date.  Additionally purchases of property, 
plant, and equipment totaled $53.8 million and included approximately $16 million of investments we believe will contribute to 
future sales and profit growth.  Outstanding purchase commitments on existing capital projects totaled approximately $10.1 million 
on  December  31,  2016.   Comparatively,  capital  expenditures  were  $43.5  million  in  2015,  and  we  had  outstanding  purchase 
commitments on existing capital projects totaling approximately $3.3 million on December 26, 2015.

Cash flows from financing activities primarily consisted of net borrowings under our revolving credit facility of approximately 
$23.7 million, offset by $17.7 million in dividend payments in June at $0.42 per share and December at $0.45 per share.  In 2015, 
cash flows used in financing activities included $16.5 million of dividends paid to shareholders.  Additionally in 2015, we repaid 
the $13.9 million outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility.

On December 31, 2016, we had $23.9 million outstanding on our $295 million revolving credit facility. The revolving credit facility 
also supports letters of credit totaling approximately $9.8 million on December 31, 2016.  As a result, we have approximately $261 
million in remaining availability on our revolver.  Additionally, we have $150 million in availability under a "shelf agreement" 
for long term debt with a current lender.  Financial covenants on the unsecured revolving credit facility and unsecured notes include 
minimum interest tests and a maximum leverage ratio. The agreements also restrict the amount of additional indebtedness we may 
incur and the amount of assets which may be sold.  We were in compliance with all our covenant requirements on December 31, 
2016.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS AND REGULATIONS

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note M, “Commitments, Contingencies, and Guarantees”.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

In preparing our consolidated financial statements, we follow accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  These 
principles require us to make certain estimates and apply judgments that affect our financial position and results of operations.  
We  continually  review  our  accounting  policies  and  financial  information  disclosures.   Following  is  a  summary  of  our  more 
significant accounting policies that require the use of estimates and judgments in preparing the financial statements.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE ALLOWANCES

15

 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

We record provisions against gross revenues for estimated returns and cash discounts in the period when the related revenue is 
recorded.  These estimates are based on factors that include, but are not limited to, historical discounts taken, analysis of credit 
memorandums activity, and customer demand.  We also evaluate the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable and discounts 
based on historical collection experience and specific identification of other potential problems, including the economic climate.  
Actual collections can differ, requiring adjustments to the allowances.

LONG-LIVED ASSETS AND GOODWILL

We evaluate long-lived assets for indicators of impairment when events or circumstances indicate that this risk may be present. 
Our judgments regarding the existence of impairment are based on market conditions, operational performance and estimated 
future cash flows.  As a result of favorable factors in each of these areas combined with substantial excess equity value over carrying 
value from the prior year analysis, management has determined that the carryforward method is appropriate to use.  The discounted 
cash flow analysis, from prior years, uses the following assumption:  a business is worth today what it can generate in future cash 
flows; cash  received today  is worth  more than an equal amount of cash received in  the future; and future cash flows  can be 
reasonably estimated.  The discounted cash flow analysis is based on the present value of projected cash flows and residual values.

As of September 25, 2016, based on the carryforward method and the analysis, the fair values would exceed the carrying values 
for each of the Company's operating segments.

If the carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired, a level two analysis will be conducted and an impairment charge 
is recorded to adjust the asset to its fair value.  Changes in forecasted operations and changes in discount rates can materially affect 
these estimates.  In addition, we test goodwill annually for impairment or more frequently if changes in circumstances or the 
occurrence of other events suggest impairments exist.  The test for impairment requires us to make several estimates about fair 
value, most of which are based on projected future cash flows and market valuation multiples.  Changes in these estimates may 
result in the recognition of an impairment loss.

INSURANCE RESERVES

We are primarily self-insured for certain employee health benefits, and have self-funded retentions for general liability, automobile 
liability,  property  and  workers'  compensation.   We  are  fully  self-insured  for  environmental  liabilities.   The  general  liability, 
automobile liability, property, workers' compensation, and certain environmental liabilities are managed through a wholly-owned 
insurance company; the related assets and liabilities of which are included in the consolidated financial statements as of December 
31, 2016.  Our accounting policies with respect to the reserves are as follows:

•  General liability, automobile, and workers' compensation reserves are accrued based on third party actuarial valuations of the 

expected future liabilities.

•  Health benefits are self-insured up to our pre-determined stop loss limits.  These reserves, including incurred but not 
reported claims, are based on internal computations.  These computations consider our historical claims experience, 
independent statistics, and trends. 

•  The environmental reserve is based on known remediation activities at certain wood preservation facilities and the potential 
for undetected environmental matters at other sites. The reserve for known activities is based on expected future costs and is 
computed by in-house experts responsible for managing our monitoring and remediation activities.

In  addition  to  providing  coverage  for  the  Company,  our  wholly-owned  insurance  company  provides  Excess  Loss  Insurance 
(primarily medical and prescription drug) to certain third parties.  As of December 31, 2016, there were 26 such contracts in place.  
Reserves associated with these contracts were $2.5 million at December 31, 2016 and $2.0 million at December 26, 2015, and are 
accrued based on third party actuarial valuations of the expected future liabilities.

INCOME TAXES

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and 
liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future.  Such deferred income tax asset and liability computations 
are based on enacted tax laws and rates.  Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred income tax assets 
to the amounts expected to be realized.  Income tax expense is the tax payable or refundable for the period plus or minus the change 
during the period in deferred income tax assets and liabilities.

16

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Tax laws are complex and subject to different interpretations by taxpayers and respective government taxing authorities, which 
results in judgment in determining our tax expense and in evaluating our tax positions.  Our tax positions are reviewed quarterly 
and adjusted as new information becomes available.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenue for product sales is recognized at the time the product is shipped to the customer. Generally, title passes at the time of 
shipment.  In certain circumstances, the customer takes title when the shipment arrives at the destination.  However, our shipping 
process is typically completed the same day.

Performance on construction contracts is reflected in operations using percentage-of-completion accounting, under either the cost 
to cost or units of delivery methods, depending on the nature of the business at individual operations.  Under percentage-of-
completion using the cost to cost method, revenues and related earnings on construction contracts are measured by the relationships 
of actual costs incurred related to the total estimated costs.  Under percentage-of-completion using the units of delivery method, 
revenues and related earnings on construction contracts are measured by the relationships of actual units produced related to the 
total number of units per the contract.  Revisions in earnings estimates on the construction contracts are recorded in the accounting 
period in which the basis for such revisions becomes known.  Projected losses on individual contracts are charged to operations 
in their entirety when such losses become apparent.

Our construction contracts are generally entered into with a fixed price and completion of the projects can range from 6 to 18 
months in duration.  Therefore, our operating results are impacted by, among many other things, labor rates and commodity costs.  
During the year, we update our estimated costs to complete our projects using current labor and commodity costs and recognize 
losses to the extent that they exist.

GOALS

FORWARD OUTLOOK

The Company’s goal is to achieve sales growth that exceeds positive GDP growth by 4 percent to 6 percent. 

Our general long-term objectives also include:

•  Achieving sales growth primarily through new product introduction, international business expansion, and gaining additional 

market share, particularly in our retail, industrial and commercial construction markets;

• 

Increasing our profitability through cost reductions, productivity improvements as volume improves, and a more favorable mix 
of value-added products; and

•  Earning a return on invested capital in excess of our weighted average cost of capital.

RETAIL MARKET

The Home Improvement Research Institute (“HIRI”) anticipates growth in home improvement spending and has forecasted a 3.9% 
compounded annual growth rate through 2020.

We continue to compete for market share for certain retail customers and face intense pricing pressure from other suppliers to this 
market.  

Our long-term goal is to achieve sales growth by:

• 

Increasing our market share of value-added and preservative-treated products, particularly with independent retail customers.

•  Developing new, value-added products, such as our Eovations product line.

•  Adding new products and customers through strategic business acquisitions or alliances.

• 

Increasing  our  emphasis  on  product  innovation  and  product  differentiation  in  order  to  counter  commoditization  trends  and 
influences.

17

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

INDUSTRIAL MARKET

Our goal is to increase our sales of wood and alternative packaging products to a wide variety of industrial and OEM users.  We 
believe  the  vast  amount  of  hardwood  and  softwood  lumber  consumed  for  industrial  applications,  combined  with  the  highly 
fragmented nature of this market, provides us with growth opportunities as a result of our competitive advantages in manufacturing, 
purchasing, and material utilization.  We plan to continue to obtain market share by expanding our manufacturing capabilities and 
product offerings and increasing the size of our dedicated industrial design and sales personnel.  We also plan to pursue strategic 
acquisition opportunities.

On September 16, 2016, we acquired idX.  See Footnote C "Business Combinations" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial 
Statements.  We plan to pursue opportunities to grow this business in the future including strategic acquisition opportunities. 

CONSTRUCTION MARKET

The National Association of Home Builders forecasts an 8% decrease in manufactured home shipments in 2017 followed by a 
13% increase in 2018.  We will strive to maintain our market share of trusses produced for this market.

The Mortgage Bankers Association of America forecasts an 8% increase in national housing starts to an estimated 1.3 million starts 
in 2017.  The National Association of Home Builders forecasts starts of 1.2 million, a 7% increase from 2016.  We believe we are 
well-positioned to capture our share of any increase that may occur in housing starts in the regions we operate.  However, due to 
our conservative approach to adding capacity to serve this market and focus on managing potential channel conflicts with certain 
customers, our growth may trail the market in future years.

GROSS PROFIT

We believe the following factors may impact our gross profits and margins in 2017:

•  End market demand.

•  Our ability to maintain market share and gross margins on products sold to our largest customers.  We believe our level of 
service, geographic diversity, and quality of products provides an added value to our customers.  However, if our customers 
are unwilling to pay for these advantages, our sales and gross margins may be reduced.  Excess capacity exists for suppliers 
in certain of our markets.  As a result, we may experience pricing pressure in the future.

•  Sales mix of value-added and commodity products.

•  Fluctuations in the relative level of the Lumber Market and the trend in the market place of lumber.  (See "Impact of the Lumber 

Market on our Operating Results.")

•  Fuel and transportation costs.

•  Rising labor and benefit costs.

•  Our ability to continue to achieve productivity improvements as our unit sales increase and planned cost reductions through 

our continuous improvement and other initiatives.

SELLING, GENERAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

In recent years, selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses have increased as we have added personnel needed to take 
advantage of growth opportunities and execute our initiatives designed to increase our sales of new products and improve our sales 
mix of value-added products.  We anticipate our trend of increases in these costs will continue in 2017, but it is an objective to 
reduce these costs as a percentage of sales (assuming lumber prices remain stable) as we grow as a result of fixed costs and through 
the improved productivity of our people.  In addition, bonus and other incentive expenses for all salaried and sales employees is 
based on profitability and the effective management of our assets and will continue to fluctuate based on our results.

On a long-term basis, we expect that our SG&A expenses will primarily be impacted by:

•  Our growth in sales to the industrial market and, as industry conditions continue to improve, the residential construction market.  
Our sales to these markets require a higher ratio of SG&A costs due, in part, to product design and engineering requirements.

18

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

•  Sales of new products which generally require higher development, marketing, advertising, and other selling costs.

•  Our  incentive  compensation  programs  which  are  tied  to  gross  profits,  pre-bonus  earnings  from  operations,  and  return  on 

investment.

•  Our growth and success in achieving continuous improvement objectives designed to improve our productivity and leveraging 

our fixed costs.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our cash cycle will continue to be impacted in the future by our mix of sales by market.  Sales to the residential and commercial 
construction and industrial markets require a greater investment in working capital (inventory and accounts receivable) than our 
sales to the retail and manufactured housing markets.  Additionally, our investment in trade receivables and inventory will continue 
to be impacted by the level of lumber prices.

In 2017, management expects to spend approximately $65 million on capital expenditures, incur depreciation of approximately 
$42 million, and incur amortization and other non-cash expenses of approximately $10 million.  On December 31, 2016, we had 
outstanding purchase commitments on capital projects of approximately $10.1 million.  We intend to fund capital expenditures 
and purchase commitments through our operating cash flows and availability under our revolving credit facility which is considered 
sufficient to meet these commitments and working capital needs.

We have no present plan to change our dividend policy, which was recently increased to a semi-annual rate of $0.45 per share.  
Our dividend rates are reviewed and approved at our April and October board meetings and payments are made in June and 
December of each year.

We have a share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors, and as of December 31, 2016, we have authorization 
to buy back approximately 2.9 million shares. In the past, we have repurchased shares in order to offset the effect of issuances 
resulting from our employee benefit plans and at opportune times when our stock price falls to predetermined levels.

19

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The management of Universal Forest Products, Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over 
financial reporting.  Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to us and the Board of Directors 
regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations.  Therefore, even those systems determined 
to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. 

We assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on the framework 
in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(2013 Framework)  (“COSO”).  Based on that evaluation, management has concluded that as of December 31, 2016, our internal 
control over financial reporting was effective.

Management excluded the assessment of our effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting for idX Holdings, Inc. 
("idX"), which was acquired on September 16, 2016.  We have made the election to complete the evaluation of internal controls 
over financial reporting in 2017 for idX.  idX constitutes 14% of total assets, 3% of net sales, and less than 1% of earnings from 
operations of Universal Forest Products, Inc.'s consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016.

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an 
independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which follows our report.

Universal Forest Products, Inc.

March 1, 2017

20

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Universal Forest Products, Inc.
Grand Rapids, Michigan

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Universal Forest Products, Inc. and subsidiaries (the 
"Company") as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. As described in Management’s Annual Report on 
Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting, management excluded from its assessment the internal control over financial 
reporting at idX Holdings, Inc., which was acquired on September 16, 2016 and whose financial statements constitute 14% of 
total assets, 3% of net sales, and less than 1% of earnings from operations of the consolidated financial statement amounts as of 
and for the year ended December 31, 2016. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over financial reporting 
of idX Holdings, Inc. The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial 
reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying 
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal 
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of 
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and 
operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered 
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company's 
principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company's 
board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial 
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the 
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of 
the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that 
could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or 
improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a 
timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future 
periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2016, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016 of the Company and our report dated 
March 1, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 1, 2017

21

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Universal Forest Products, Inc.
Grand Rapids, Michigan

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Universal Forest Products, Inc. and subsidiaries (the 
"Company") as of December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of earnings and 
comprehensive income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016. 
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
these financial statements based on our audits. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial 
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and 
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates 
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Universal 
Forest Products, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015, and the results of their operations and 
their cash flows for each of the three years then in the period ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on the criteria established in Internal 
Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and 
our report dated March 1, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting. 

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 1, 2017

22

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share data)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash and cash equivalents

Investments

Restricted cash

Accounts receivable, net

Inventories:

Raw materials

Finished goods

Total inventories

Refundable  income taxes

Other current assets

TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES

OTHER ASSETS

GOODWILL

INDEFINITE-LIVED INTANGIBLE ASSETS

OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT:

Land and improvements

Building and improvements

Machinery and equipment

Furniture and fixtures

Construction in progress

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, GROSS

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

TOTAL ASSETS

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

$

34,091

$

87,756

10,348

398

282,253

198,954

198,273

397,227

11,459

20,662

756,438

1,546

8,617

198,535

2,340

26,731

124,316

204,586

332,397

22,570

15,593

6,743

586

222,964

168,548

136,370

304,918

7,784

17,481

648,232

1,312

8,298

180,990

2,340

15,357

118,701

180,066

303,081

21,682

4,515

699,462
(401,611)
297,851

628,045
(376,895)
251,150

$

1,292,058

$

1,107,679

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share data)

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Cash overdraft

Accounts payable

Accrued liabilities:

Compensation and benefits

Other

Current portion of long-term debt

TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES

LONG-TERM DEBT

DEFERRED INCOME TAXES

OTHER LIABILITIES

TOTAL LIABILITIES

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:

Controlling interest shareholders' equity:

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

$

19,761

$

124,660

92,441

32,281

2,634

271,777

109,059

20,817

29,939

431,592

—

95,041

78,877

29,112

1,145

204,175

84,750

23,838

28,507

341,270

Preferred stock, no par value; shares authorized 1,000,000; issued and outstanding, none $

— $

—

Common stock, $1 par value; shares authorized 40,000,000; issued and outstanding,
20,342,069 and 20,141,709

Additional paid-in capital

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive earnings

Total controlling interest shareholders' equity

Noncontrolling interest

TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

20,342

185,333

649,135
(5,630)
849,180

11,286

860,466

20,142

171,562

565,636
(4,585)
752,755

13,654

766,409

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

$

1,292,058

$

1,107,679

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands, except per share data)

EARNINGS FROM OPERATIONS

164,438

135,467

NET SALES

COST OF GOODS SOLD

GROSS PROFIT

SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

ANTI-DUMPING DUTY ASSESSMENTS

NET LOSS (GAIN) ON DISPOSITION OF ASSETS AND
IMPAIRMENT CHARGES

INTEREST EXPENSE

INTEREST INCOME

EQUITY IN EARNINGS OF INVESTEE

EARNINGS BEFORE INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

NET EARNINGS

LESS NET EARNINGS ATTRIBUTABLE TO NONCONTROLLING
INTEREST

NET EARNINGS ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTEREST

EARNINGS PER SHARE - BASIC

EARNINGS PER SHARE - DILUTED

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

LESS COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO
NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

Year Ended

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

$

3,240,493

$

2,887,071

$

2,660,329

2,765,903

2,487,167

2,334,987

474,590

310,152

—

—

399,904

264,265

—

172

4,575
(541)
(267)
3,767

160,671

55,174

105,497

(4,318)
101,179

4.97

4.96

$

$

$

5,133
(294)
(374)
4,465

131,002

45,870

85,132

(4,537)
80,595

3.99

3.99

$

$

$

$

$

$

325,342

229,775

1,600

(3,400)
97,367

4,267
(2,235)
(378)
1,654

95,713

34,149

61,564

(4,013)
57,551

2.87

2.86

(2,703)
102,794

(7,257)
77,875

(3,116)
58,448

(2,660)

(3,213)

(3,015)

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING
INTEREST

$

100,134

$

74,662

$

55,433

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

25

 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Controlling Interest Shareholders' Equity

Common
Stock

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehen-
sive Earnings

Employees
Stock Notes
Receivable

Noncontrolling
Interest

Total

$

19,948

$ 156,129

$ 461,812

$

3,466

$

(732) $

9,111

$ 649,734

57,551

4,013

61,564

(2,118)

(998)

(3,116)

(12,205)

16

78

49

525

1,125

13

(49)

(105)

(4,761)

319

1,919

2,515

(2)

(76)

78

199

3,650

3,650

(1,910)

(1,910)

(12,205)

541

1,216

—

(4,866)

319

1,919

2,515

—

199

$

19,984

$ 162,483

$ 502,334

$

1,348

$

(455) $

13,866

$ 699,560

Balance at December
28, 2013

Net earnings

Foreign currency
translation adjustment

Noncontrolling interest
associated with
business acquisitions
Distributions to
noncontrolling interest

Cash dividends -
$0.210 & $0.400 per
share - semiannually

Issuance of 15,639
shares under employee
stock plans

Issuance of 77,970
shares under stock
grant programs

Issuance of 49,337
shares under deferred
compensation plans

Repurchase of 105,012
shares

Tax benefits from non-
qualified stock options
exercised

Expense associated
with share-based
compensation
arrangements

Accrued expense under
deferred compensation
plans

Note receivable
adjustment

Payments received on
employee stock notes
receivable
Balance at December
27, 2014

See notes to consolidated financial statements

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Controlling Interest Shareholders' Equity

Common
Stock

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Retained
Earnings

80,595

Accumulated
Other
Comprehen-
sive Earnings

Employees
Stock Notes
Receivable

Noncontrolling
Interest

Total

4,537

85,132

(5,892)

(41)

(1,324)

(7,216)

(41)

1,019

1,019

(3,188)

(3,188)

(1,256)

(1,256)

(16,507)

(16,507)

31

76

65

(14)

1,044

1,836

(65)

370

1,846

4,048

(786)

304

151

1,075

1,912

—

(496)

370

1,846

4,048

151

$

20,142

$ 171,562

$ 565,636

$

(4,585) $

— $

13,654

$ 766,409

Net earnings

Foreign currency
translation adjustment

Unrealized gain (loss)
on investment

Noncontrolling interest
associated with
business acquisitions

Distributions to
noncontrolling interest

Purchase of
noncontrolling interest

Cash dividends -
$0.400 & $0.420 per
share - semiannually

Issuance of 30,213
shares under employee
stock plans

Issuance of 75,604
shares under stock
grant programs

Issuance of 65,054
shares under deferred
compensation plans

Repurchase of 13,613
shares

Tax benefits from non-
qualified stock options
exercised

Expense associated
with share-based
compensation
arrangements

Accrued expense under
deferred compensation
plans

Payments received on
employee stock notes
receivable
Balance at December
26, 2015

See notes to consolidated financial statements

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Controlling Interest Shareholders' Equity

Net earnings

Foreign currency translation
adjustment

Unrealized gain (loss) on
investment

Distributions to
noncontrolling interest

Net purchase and dissolution
of noncontrolling interest

Cash dividends - $0.420 &
$0.450 per share -
semiannually

Issuance of 6,813 shares
under employee stock plans

Issuance of 135,757 shares
under stock grant programs

Issuance of 57,790 shares
under deferred compensation
plans

Expense associated with
share-based compensation
arrangements

Accrued expense under
deferred compensation plans
Balance at December 31,
2016

Common
Stock

Additional Paid-
In Capital

Retained
Earnings

101,179

Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Earnings

Noncontrolling
Interest

Total

4,318

105,497

(1,316)

(1,658)

(2,974)

271

271

(3,280)

(3,280)

(1,748)

(892)

(17,680)

(17,680)

536

5,297

—

2,208

5,074

7

135

58

856

529

5,162

(58)

2,208

5,074

$

20,342

$

185,333

$ 649,135

$

(5,630) $

11,286

$ 860,466

See notes to consolidated financial statements

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net earnings

$

105,497

$

85,132

$

61,564

Year Ended

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings attributable to controlling interest to
net cash from operating activities:

Depreciation

Amortization of intangibles

Expense associated with share-based compensation arrangements

Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation arrangements

Expense associated with stock grant plans

Deferred income taxes

Equity in earnings of investee

Net loss (gain) on disposition and impairment of assets

Changes in:

Accounts receivable

Inventories

Accounts payable and cash overdraft

Accrued liabilities and other

NET CASH FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchases of property, plant and equipment

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

Acquisitions, net of cash received

Repayment of debt of acquiree

Purchase and dissolution of remaining noncontrolling interest in subsidiary

Advances on notes receivable

Collections on notes receivable

Purchases of investments

Proceeds from sale of investments

Cash restricted as to use

Other

NET CASH FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Borrowings under revolving credit facilities

Repayments under revolving credit facilities

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

Distributions to noncontrolling interest

Dividends paid to shareholders

Repurchase of common stock

Other

NET CASH FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

29

40,823

2,795

2,208

—

127

2,464
(267)
—

(5,119)
(3,245)
11,259

15,978

172,520

(53,762)
3,126
(80,077)
(92,830)
(892)
(6,012)
7,899
(5,666)
2,568

188
(2,011)
(227,469)

131,002
(107,294)
536
(3,280)
(17,680)
—
(73)
3,211
(1,927)

37,710

3,531

1,846
(33)
109
(1,369)
(374)
172

(26,007)
34,139

4,798

29,142

168,796

(43,522)
2,843
(2,505)
—
(1,256)
(6,994)
11,446
(7,858)
1,115
(181)
95
(46,817)

297,711
(311,271)
1,074
(3,188)
(16,507)
(800)
(21)
(33,002)
(1,221)

33,913

2,410

1,919
(14)
94

4,926
(378)
(3,400)

(9,710)
(49,575)
15,390

15,981

73,120

(45,305)
9,005
(34,641)
—

—
(6,201)
9,926

—

—

315
(162)
(67,063)

211,770
(197,825)
541
(1,910)
(12,205)
(4,866)
(710)
(5,205)
(852)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD

SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

Interest paid

Income taxes paid

NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Accounts receivable exchanged for notes receivable

Notes receivable exchanged for property

NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Common stock issued under deferred compensation plans

Property exchanged for notes receivable

Acquisition earnout and noncompete adjustment prior to final purchase
accounting

See notes to consolidated financial statements

$

$

$

$

(53,665)
87,756

87,756

0

34,091

$

87,756

$

4,550

$

5,118

$

57,311

42,767

— $

—

— $

389

—

—

0

4,334

38,475

2,768

3,000

4,353

$

3,461

$

2,567

—

—

300

14,195

—

—

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

A. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

OPERATIONS

We design, manufacture and market wood and wood-alternative products for large home centers and other retailers; 
structural lumber, engineered wood components, framing services, and other products for the construction market; specialty wood 
packaging, components, packing materials, and other wood-based products for various industries; and design, manufacture, and 
install customized fixtures and in-store environments for various markets.   

PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  our  accounts  and  those  of  our  wholly-owned  and  majority-owned 
subsidiaries  and  partnerships.   In  addition,  we  consolidate  any  entity  which  we  own  50%  or  more  and  exercise  control.  
Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

NONCONTROLLING INTEREST IN SUBSIDIARIES

Noncontrolling interest in results of operations of consolidated subsidiaries represents the noncontrolling shareholders' 
share of the income or loss of various consolidated subsidiaries.  The noncontrolling interest reflects the original investment by 
these noncontrolling shareholders combined with their proportional share of the earnings or losses of these subsidiaries, net of 
distributions paid.

FISCAL YEAR

Our fiscal year is a 52 or 53 week period, ending on the last Saturday of December.  Unless otherwise stated, references 
to  2016,  2015,  and  2014  relate  to  the  fiscal  years  ended  December 31,  2016,  December 26,  2015,  and  December 27,  2014, 
respectively.  Fiscal year 2016 was comprised of 53 weeks,  which contributed an additional $53 million in sales in 2016 compared 
to fiscal years 2015 and 2014, which were comprised of 52 weeks.

FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We follow ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which provides a consistent definition of fair 
value, focuses on exit price, prioritizes the use of market-based inputs over entity-specific inputs for measuring fair value and 
establishes a three-tier hierarchy for fair value measurements. This topic requires fair value measurements to be classified and 
disclosed in one of the following three categories:

•  Level 1 — Financial instruments with unadjusted, quoted prices listed on active market exchanges.

•  Level 2 — Financial instruments lacking unadjusted, quoted prices from active market exchanges, including over-the-
counter traded financial instruments. Financial instrument values are determined using prices for recently traded financial 
instruments with similar underlying terms and direct or indirect observational inputs, such as interest rates and yield curves 
at commonly quoted intervals.

•  Level 3 — Financial instruments not actively traded on a market exchange and there is little, if any, market activity. Values 

are determined using significant unobservable inputs or valuation techniques.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly-liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three 

months or less. 

Restricted cash consists of amounts required to be held for loss funding totaling $0.4 and $0.6 million as of December 31, 

2016 and December 26, 2015, respectively.

INVESTMENTS

31

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

Investments are deemed to be "available for sale" and are, accordingly, carried at fair value being the quoted market 

value.  Unrealized investment gains or losses, net of deferred taxes, are reported as a separate component of comprehensive 
income or loss until sold.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCES

We perform periodic credit evaluations of our customers and generally do not require collateral.  Accounts receivable 
are due under a range of terms we offer to our customers.  Discounts are offered, in most instances, as an incentive for early 
payment.

We base our allowances related to receivables on historical credit and collections experience, and the specific identification 
of other potential problems, including the general economic climate.  Actual collections can differ, requiring adjustments to the 
allowances.  Individual accounts receivable balances are evaluated on a monthly basis, and those balances considered uncollectible 
are charged to the allowance.

The following table presents the activity in our accounts receivable allowances (in thousands):

Beginning
Balance

Additions
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses

Deductions*

Ending 
Balance

Year Ended December 31, 2016:

Allowance for possible losses on accounts receivable

Year Ended December 26, 2015:

Allowance for possible losses on accounts receivable

Year Ended December 27, 2014:

Allowance for possible losses on accounts receivable

$

$

$

2,672

2,390

2,060

$

$

$

28,405

20,538

18,871

$

$

$

(28,232) $

2,845

(20,256) $

2,672

(18,541) $

2,390

* Includes accounts charged off, discounts given to customers and actual customer returns and allowances.

We record estimated sales returns, discounts, and other applicable adjustments as a reduction of net sales in the same 

period revenue is recognized.

Accounts receivable retainage amounts related to long term construction contracts totaled $6.0 million and $6.5 million
as of December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015, respectively.  All amounts are expected to be collected within 18 months.  
Concentration of accounts receivable related to our largest customer totaled $34.0 million and $39.1 million as of December 31, 
2016 and December 26, 2015, respectively.

NOTES RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCES

We have written agreements to receive repayment of funds borrowed from us, consisting of principal as well as any 
accrued interest, at a specified future date. If we expected a portion to be uncollectible, a valuation allowance relating to these 
agreements would be recorded. The current portion of notes receivable totaled $1.4 million and $2.0 million at December 31, 2016
and December 26, 2015, respectively and are included in “Other Current Assets”. The long-term portion of notes receivable totaled 
$0.9 million and $2.4 million at December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015, respectively and are included in “Other Assets”.  We 
had no notes receivable allowances at December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015.

INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market.  The cost of inventories includes raw materials, direct labor, and 
manufacturing overhead.  Cost is determined on a weighted average basis.  Raw materials consist primarily of unfinished wood 
products expected to be manufactured or treated prior to sale, while finished goods represent various manufactured and treated 
wood products ready for sale.  We have inventory on consignment at customer locations valued at $12.2 million as of December 31, 
2016 and $11.7 million as of December 26, 2015.  During 2015, management decided to discontinue certain product lines in our 
Gulf region which resulted in a $2.5 million inventory write-down.  This product was sold in 2016 at an amount which approximated 
it's carrying value after the write-down.

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT

Property,  plant,  and  equipment  are  stated  at  cost.   Expenditures  for  renewals  and  betterments  are  capitalized,  and 
maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.  Amortization of assets held under capital leases is included in depreciation 
and amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term.  Depreciation is computed principally by 
the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

Land improvements

Buildings and improvements

Machinery, equipment and office furniture

LONG-LIVED ASSETS

5 to 15 years

10 to 32 years

2 to 8 years

In accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment (“ASC 360”), when an indicator of potential impairment 
exists, we evaluate the recoverability of our long-lived assets by determining whether unamortized balances could be recovered 
through undiscounted future operating cash flows over the remaining lives of the assets.  If the sum of the expected future cash 
flows was less than the carrying value of the assets, an impairment loss would be recognized for the excess of the carrying value 
over the fair value.

LEASES

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 
2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (ASU 2016-02). Under ASU 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize assets and liabilities 
for the rights and obligations created by leases on the entity’s balance sheet for both finance and operating leases. For leases with 
a term of 12 months or less, an entity can elect to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities and expense the lease over a 
straight-line basis for the term of the lease. ASU 2016-02 will require new disclosures that depict the amount, timing, and uncertainty 
of cash flows pertaining to an entity’s leases. Companies are required to adopt the new standard using a modified retrospective 
approach for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption of ASU 2016-02 is permitted. The 
Company plans to evaluate the effect of the new leasing guidance in 2017, therefore the quantitative impact has not yet been 
determined.  

GOODWILL

Our annual testing date for evaluating goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment is the first day of the 
Company’s fourth fiscal quarter for all reporting units.  Additionally, the Company reviews various triggering events throughout 
the year to ensure that a mid-year impairment analysis is not required. 

FOREIGN CURRENCY

Our foreign operations use the local currency as their functional currency.  Accordingly, assets and liabilities are translated 
at exchange rates as of the balance sheet date and revenues and expenses are translated using weighted average rates, with translation 
adjustments included as a separate component of shareholders' equity. Gains and losses arising from re-measuring foreign currency 
transactions are included in earnings.

INSURANCE RESERVES

Our wholly-owned insurance company, Ardellis Insurance Ltd.(“Ardellis”), was incorporated on April 21, 2001 under 

the laws of Bermuda and is licensed as a Class 3A insurer under the Insurance Act 1978 of Bermuda.

We are primarily self-insured for certain employee health benefits, and have self-funded retentions for general liability, 
automobile liability, property and workers' compensation.  We are fully self-insured for environmental liabilities.  The general 
liability, automobile liability, property, workers' compensation, and certain environmental liabilities are managed through Ardellis; 
the  related  assets  and  liabilities of  which  are  included  in  the  consolidated  financial statements  as  of  December 31,  2016  and 
December 26, 2015.  Our policy is to accrue amounts equal to actuarially determined or internally computed liabilities.  The 
actuarial and internal valuations are based on historical information along with certain assumptions about future events.  Changes 

33

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

in assumptions for such matters as legal actions, medical cost trends, and changes in claims experience could cause these estimates 
to change in the future.

In addition to providing coverage for the Company, Ardellis provides Excess Loss Insurance (primarily medical and 
prescription drug) to certain third parties.  As of December 31, 2016, Ardellis had 26 such contracts in place.  Reserves associated 
with these contracts were $2.5 million at December 31, 2016 and $2.0 million at December 26, 2015, and are accrued based on 
third party actuarial valuations of the expected future liabilities.

INCOME TAXES

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of 
assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future.  Such deferred income tax asset and liability 
computations are based on enacted tax laws and rates.  Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred 
income tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.  Income tax expense is the tax payable or refundable for the period plus 
or minus the change during the period in deferred income tax assets and liabilities. 

DEBT

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2015-03 - Simplifying 
the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs on April 7, 2015 and effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015.  The 
ASU requires the presentation of debt issuance costs in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the recognized debt liability 
rather than as an asset and amortization of the costs is reported as interest expense.  In accordance with ASU 2015-03, the Company  
complied with this ASU during the reporting period of 2016.  There was no material retroactive impact to the 2015 Balance Sheet.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 (Accounting Standard Codification 606), Revenue from Contracts 
with Customers, which will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP. The core principle of the ASU is 
that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount that it expects to be entitled to 
receive for those goods or services. The ASU requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of 
revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments. Preliminarily, 
the Company plans to adopt the guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and apply the modified retrospective method.  The 
Company is assessing the impact of this ASU on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Revenue is recognized at the time the product is shipped to the customer. Generally, title passes at the time of shipment.  
In certain circumstances, the customer takes title when the shipment arrives at the destination.  However, our shipping process is 
typically completed the same day.

Earnings on construction contracts are reflected in operations using percentage-of-completion accounting, under either 
the cost to cost or units of delivery methods, depending on the nature of the business at individual operations.  Under percentage-
of-completion  using  the  cost  to  cost  method,  revenues  and  related  earnings  on  construction  contracts  are  measured  by  the 
relationships of actual costs incurred related to the total estimated costs.  Under percentage-of-completion using the units of delivery 
method, revenues and related earnings on construction contracts are measured by the relationships of actual units produced related 
to the total number of units.  Revisions in earnings estimates on the construction contracts are recorded in the accounting period 
in which the basis for such revisions becomes known.  Projected losses on individual contracts are charged to operations in their 
entirety when such losses become apparent.

Our construction contracts are generally entered into with a fixed price and completion of the projects can range from 6
to 18 months in duration.  Therefore, our operating results are impacted by, among many other things, labor rates and commodity 
costs.  During the year, we update our estimated costs to complete our projects using current labor and commodity costs and 
recognized losses to the extent that they exist.

The following table presents the balances of percentage-of-completion accounts on December 31, 2016 and December 26, 

2015 which are included in other current assets and other accrued liabilities, respectively (in thousands):

34

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

Cost and Earnings in Excess of Billings

Billings in Excess of Cost and Earnings

SHIPPING AND HANDLING OF PRODUCT

2016

2015

$

2,573

$

4,748

3,624

4,978

Shipping and handling costs that are charged to and reimbursed by the customer are recognized as revenue.  Costs incurred 

related to the shipment and handling of products are classified in cost of goods sold.

EARNINGS PER SHARE

The computation of earnings per share (“EPS”) is as follows (in thousands):

Numerator:

Net earnings attributable to controlling interest

Adjustment for earnings allocated to non-vested restricted common stock

Net earnings for calculating EPS

Denominator:

Weighted average shares outstanding

Adjustment for non-vested restricted common stock

Shares for calculating basic EPS

Effect of dilutive stock options

Shares for calculating diluted EPS

Net earnings per share:

Basic

Diluted

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

$

$

$

$

101,179
(1,595)
99,584

$

$

80,595
(1,059)
79,536

$

$

20,363
(321)
20,042

33

20,075

20,184
(265)
19,919

36

19,955

57,551
(718)
56,833

20,081
(250)
19,831

23

19,854

4.97

4.96

$

$

3.99

3.99

$

$

2.87

2.86

No options were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS for 2016, 2015, or 2014.

USE OF ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States 
requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent 
assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the 
reporting period.  We believe our estimates to be reasonable; however, actual results could differ from these estimates.

B. 

FAIR VALUE

We apply the provisions of ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, to assets and liabilities measured at fair 

value.  Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are as follows:

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

December 31, 2016

December 26, 2015

Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1)

Prices with 
Other 
Observable 
Inputs
(Level 2)

Total

Quoted
Prices in
Active
Markets
(Level 1)

Prices with 
Other 
Observable 
Inputs
(Level 2)

Total

$

64

1,676

5,609

760

72

235

201

1,268

178

$

242

$

78,210

— $

78,210

2,592

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,268

5,609

760

72

235

201

—

—

3,523

237

230

172

1,268

4,162

238

3,130

—

—

—

—

—

238

3,130

3,523

237

230

172

4,162

$

8,617

$

2,770

$

11,387

$

82,372

3,368

$

85,740

(in thousands)
Money market funds

Fixed income funds

Equity Securities

Mutual funds:

Domestic stock funds

International stock funds

Target funds

Bond funds

Total mutual funds

Assets at fair value

We maintain money market, mutual funds, bonds, and/or stocks in our non-qualified deferred compensation plan and our 
wholly owned licensed captive insurance company.  These funds are valued at prices quoted in an active exchange market and are 
included in "Cash and Cash Equivalents", "Investments", and "Other Assets".  We have elected not to apply the fair value option 
under ASC 825, Financial Instruments, to any of our financial instruments except for those expressly required by U.S. GAAP.

The valuations of the Level 2 assets or liabilities rely on quoted prices in markets that are not active or observable inputs 
over the full term of the asset or liability.  We do not maintain any Level 3 assets or liabilities that would be based on significant 
unobservable inputs.

In accordance with our investment policy, our wholly-owned company, Ardellis Insurance Ltd.  ("Ardellis"), maintains 
an investment portfolio, totaling $10.3 million as of December 31, 2016, consisting of mutual funds, domestic and international 
stocks, and fixed income bonds.

Ardellis' available for sale investment portfolio consists of the following:

December 31, 2016
Unrealized

December 26, 2015
Unrealized

Fixed Income

Equity

Mutual Funds

Total

Cost

Gain/Loss

Fair Value

Cost

Gain/Loss

Fair Value

$

$

4,310

$

(43) $

4,267

$

3,362

$

5,181

481

428

(9)

5,609

472

3,438

—

9,972

$

376

$

10,348

$

6,800

$

(12) $
(45)
—
(57) $

3,350

3,393

—

6,743

Our Fixed Income investments consist of short, intermediate, and long term bonds, as well as fixed blend bonds.  

Within the fixed income investments, we maintain a specific mixture of US treasury notes, US agency mortgage backed 
securities, private label mortgage backed securities, and various corporate securities.  Our equity investments consist of small, 
mid, and large cap growth and value funds, as well as international equity.  The net pre-tax unrealized gain was $376 thousand.  
Carrying amounts above are recorded in the investments line item within the balance sheet as of  December 31, 2016.  During 
2016, Ardellis reported a net realized gain of $8 thousand which was recorded in interest income on the statement of earnings.

C. 

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

We completed the following business combinations in fiscal 2016 and 2015, which were accounted for using the purchase 

method (in thousands).

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

Company
Name

Acquisition
Date

Purchase
Price

Intangible
Assets

Net
Tangible 
Assets

Operating
Segment

The UBEECO
Group Pty.
Ltd.
("Ubeeco")

November 29, 2016

$9,455
cash paid for 100%
stock purchase

$7,313

$2,142

All Other

idX Holdings,
Inc. ("idX")

September 16, 2016

$66,046
cash paid for 100%
stock purchase which
includes $11,337 in
net cash received.
Also, paid $86,294 to
retire outstanding
debt and $6,536 of
certain other
obligations.

$17,016

$49,030

idX

Seven D Truss,
L.P.

July 29, 2016

$1,246
cash paid for asset
purchase

$405

$841

North

Idaho Western,
Inc. ("IWI")

June 30, 2016

Packnet Ltd
(“Packnet”)

November 24, 2014
(majority interest)
April 15, 2016
(minority interest)

Capital
Components &
Millwork, Inc.
("CCM")

April 15, 2016

$10,787
cash paid for 100%
stock purchase plus
$500 holdback.

$7,506
November 24, 2014
cash paid for
controlling interest
and
$1,877
cash paid for
noncontrolling asset
purchase.

$1,682
cash paid for asset
purchase plus
$205
assumed liability

$6,817

$4,248

West

$7,885

$1,498

West

A supplier of industrial
packaging and services based
in Eagan, MN.  Packnet had
annual sales of $9.6 million.

$—

$1,887

North

Rapid Wood
Mfg., LLC
(“Rapid
Wood”)

February 2, 2015

$1,638
cash paid for asset
purchase

$789

$849

West

37

Business Description
A manufacturer and
distributor of a variety of
wood packaging and
alternative material products,
including boxes, crates,
pallets, skids, protective
packaging, packaging
accessories and loose lumber.
Ubeeco has annual sales of
approximately $20 million.

A designer, producer, and
installer of customized in-
store environments that are
used in a range of end
markets.  idX has annual
sales of $300 million.

A manufacturer and
distributor of roof and floor
trusses.  7D had annual sales
of approximately $4.0
million.

A supplier of products
ranging from lumber and
plywood to siding and doors.
IWI had annual sales of
approximately $21 million.

A producer of doors and trim
for customers in the greater
Washington, D.C., metro area
and Virginia.  CCM had
approximately $16.6 million
in annual sales.

A supplier of lumber
products to the region’s
manufactured housing and
recreational vehicle
industries based in Caldwell,
Idaho.  Rapid Wood had
annual sales of $3.5 million
in 2015.

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

Integra
Packaging
Proprietary,
Ltd (“Integra
Packaging”)

January 16, 2015

$1,102
cash paid for 51.94%
stock purchase

$1,406
(The
Company
portion of
Intangible
Assets $730
or 51.94%)

$715
(The
Company
portion of
Net
Tangible
Assets $372
or 51.94%)

All Other

An Australian-based
manufacturer and distributor
of industrial wood specialty
packaging products.  Integra
Packaging had annual sales
of $7.6 million in 2015.

The intangible assets for each acquisition were finalized and allocated to their respective identifiable intangible asset and 
goodwill accounts during 2016, excluding idX and Ubeeco.  Initial estimates have been made for idX's identifiable intangible and 
goodwill allocations and deferred tax, however finalization will be completed in 2017.

At December 31, 2016, the amounts assigned to major intangible classes for the business combinations mentioned 

above are as follows (in thousands):

Ubeeco

idX

7D

IWI

Rapid Wood

Integra Packaging

Non-
Compete
Agreements

Customer
Relationships

Goodwill

Goodwill -
Tax
Deductible

$

— $

— $

7,313

$

—

405

—

—

85

10,000

—

3,640

—

467

7,016

—

3,177

789

854

—

—

405

—

789

—

The business combinations mentioned above were not significant to our operating results individually or in aggregate, 

and thus pro forma results for 2016 and 2015 are not presented.  The initial estimated allocation from goodwill to an 
identifiable intangible of $10 million for idX as of December 31, 2016, has been presented above.

D. 

NET LOSS (GAIN) ON DISPOSITION OF ASSETS AND IMPAIRMENT CHARGES

The net gain on disposition and impairment of assets totaled $3.4 million in 2014.  Included within the $3.4 million 

net gain was a gain on the sale of certain real estate totaling $2.7 million completed by a 50% owned subsidiary of the 
Company.  During 2014, we also recognized a net gain on the sale of other properties and equipment totaling $1.9 million. 
These gains were offset by a $1.2 million impairment loss recorded to reduce the value of one of our vacant properties.

E. 

GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets 
of acquired businesses.  Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to  have indefinite lives are  not amortized, but are subject to 
impairment tests at least annually in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other.  We review the carrying amounts 
of goodwill and other non-amortizable intangibles by reporting unit to determine if such assets may be impaired.  As the carrying 
amount of these assets are recoverable based upon a discounted cash flow and market approach analysis, no impairment was 
recognized.

The changes in the net carrying amount of goodwill by reporting segment for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 

December 26, 2015, are as follows (in thousands):

38

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

North

South

West

idX

All Other

Total

Balance as of December 27, 2014

44,983

43,625

85,092

2015 Acquisitions

2014 Final Purchase Accounting

Foreign Exchange, Net

Balance as of December 26, 2015

2016 Acquisitions

Foreign Exchange, Net

—

—

(1,730)

43,253

—

133

—

—

—

43,625

—

—

789
(1,328)
—

84,553

3,177

—

—

—

—

—

—

7,016

—

Balance as of December 31, 2016

$ 43,386

43,625

$ 87,730

$

7,016

9,362

183,062

618

—
(421)
9,559

7,313
(94)
$ 16,778

1,407
(1,328)
(2,151)
180,990

17,506

39

$ 198,535

Indefinite-lived intangible assets totaled $2.3 million as of December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015 related to the 

Consumer Products reporting unit which is included in the All Other reportable segment.

The  following  amounts  were  included  in  other  amortizable  intangible  assets,  net  as  of  December 31,  2016  and 

December 26, 2015 (in thousands):

2016

2015

Non-compete agreements

Customer relationships

Licensing agreements

Patents

Total

Assets

Accumulated
Amortization

Assets

$

5,411

$

25,503

4,589

704

$

36,207

$

(1,954) $
(4,351)
(2,991)
(180)
(9,476) $

5,496

19,194

4,589

3,563

32,842

$

Accumulated
Amortization
(1,725)
(10,140)
(2,524)
(3,096)
(17,485)

$

Amortization is computed principally by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the intangible assets 

as follows:

Intangible Asset Type

Estimated Useful Life

Non-compete agreements

Customer relationship

Licensing agreements

5 to 15 years

5 to 15 years

10 years

Weighted Average
Amortization Period

9.6 years

13.1 years

10 years

Amortization  expense  of  intangibles  totaled  $2.8  million,  $3.5  million  and  $2.4  million  in  2016,  2015  and  2014, 
respectively.  The estimated amortization expense for intangibles for each of the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows (in 
thousands):

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter
Total

F. 

DEBT

39

$

$

3,070

2,762

2,469

2,058

1,803

14,569

26,731

 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

On December 17, 2012, we entered into an unsecured Note Purchase Agreement (the "Agreement") under which we 
issued our 3.89% Series 2012 A Senior Notes, due December 17, 2022, in the aggregate principal amount of $35 million and our 
3.98% Series 2012 B Senior Notes, due December 17, 2024, in the aggregate principal amount of $40 million.  Proceeds from the 
sale of the Series A Senior Notes and Series B Senior Notes were used to repay amounts due on our existing Series 2002-A Senior 
Notes, Tranche B totaling $40 million and our revolving credit facility.

On November 3, 2014, the Company entered into a five-year, $295 million unsecured revolving credit facility with a 
syndicate of U.S. banks led by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as syndication 
agent.  The facilities include up to $45 million which may be advanced in the form of letters of credit, and up to $100 million 
(U.S. dollar equivalent) which may be advanced in Canadian dollars, Australian dollars, pounds Sterling, Euros and such other 
foreign currencies as may subsequently be agreed upon among the parties. This facility replaced our $265 million unsecured 
revolving credit facility.  Cash borrowings are charged interest based upon an index selected by the Company, plus a margin that 
is determined based upon the index selected and upon the financial performance of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries. 
The Company is charged a facility fee on the entire amount of the lending commitment, at a per annum rate ranging from 15 to 
32.5 basis points, also determined based upon the Company's performance.  The facility fee is payable quarterly in arrears.

Outstanding letters of credit extended on our behalf on December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015 aggregated $25.5 
million and $25.4 million; respectively, which includes approximately $9.8 million related to industrial development revenue 
bonds.  As a result, we have approximately $261 million in remaining availability on our revolver.  Additionally, we have $150 
million in availability under a "shelf agreement" for long term debt with a current lender.  Letters of credit have one year terms 
and include an automatic renewal clause.  The letters of credit related to industrial development revenue bonds are charged an 
annual interest rate of 110 basis points, based upon our financial performance.  The letters of credit related to workers’ compensation 
are charged an annual interest rate of 75 basis points.

Long-term  debt  obligations  are  summarized  as  follows  on  December 31,  2016  and  December 26,  2015  (amounts  in 

thousands):

Series 2012 Senior Notes Tranche A, due on December 17, 2022, interest payable semi-
annually at 3.89%

Series 2012 Senior Notes Tranche B, due on December 17, 2024, interest payable semi-
annually at 3.98%

Revolving credit facility totaling $295 million due on November 3, 2019, interest payable
monthly at a floating rate (1.67% on December 31,2016)

Series 1999 Industrial Development Revenue Bonds, due on August 1, 2029, interest
payable monthly at a floating rate (0.52% on December 31, 2016 and 0.17% on December
26, 2015)

Series 2000 Industrial Development Revenue Bonds, due on October 1, 2020, interest
payable monthly at a floating rate (0.59% on December 31, 2016 and 0.26% on December
26, 2015)

Series 2002 Industrial Development Revenue Bonds, due on December 1, 2022, interest
payable monthly at a floating rate (0.57% on December 31, 2016 and 0.25% on December
26, 2015)

Capital leases and foreign affiliate debt

Less current portion

Less debt issuance costs

Long-term portion

2016

2015

$

35,000

$

35,000

40,000

23,860

40,000

—

3,300

3,300

2,700

2,700

3,700

3,336

111,896

2,634

203

3,700

1,195

85,895

1,145

—

$

109,059

$

84,750

Financial covenants on the unsecured revolving credit facility and unsecured notes include minimum interest coverage 
tests and a maximum leverage ratio.  The agreements also restrict the amount of additional indebtedness we may incur and the 
amount of assets which may be sold among other industry standard covenants.  We were within all of our lending requirements 
on December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015.

On  December 31,  2016,  the  principal  maturities  of  long-term  debt  and  capital  lease  obligations  are  as  follows  (in 

thousands):

40

 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Total

$

2,634

393

24,009

2,832

28

82,000

$

111,896

On December 31, 2016, the estimated fair value of our long-term debt, including the current portion, was $111.6 million, 
which was $0.3 million less than the carrying value.  The estimated fair value is based on rates anticipated to be available to us 
for debt with similar terms and maturities.  We consider the valuations of our long-term debt, including the current portion, to be  
Level 2 liabilities which rely on quoted prices in markets that are not active or observable inputs over the full term of the liability.

G. 

LEASES

We lease certain real estate under operating lease agreements with original terms ranging from one to ten years.  We are 
required to pay real estate taxes and other occupancy costs under these leases. Certain leases carry renewal options of five to fifteen
years.  We also lease motor vehicles, equipment, and an aircraft under operating lease agreements for periods of one to ten years.  
Future minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases on December 31, 2016 are as follows (in thousands):

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Total minimum lease payments

$

Operating
Leases

17,664

14,216

8,798

6,034

4,180

4,974

$

55,866

Rent expense was approximately $10.5 million, $6.3 million, and $5.2 million in 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

H. 

DEFERRED COMPENSATION

We have a program whereby certain executives irrevocably elected to defer receipt of certain compensation in 1985 
through 1988.  Deferred compensation payments to these executives will commence upon their retirement.  We purchased life 
insurance on these executives, payable to us in amounts which, if assumptions made as to mortality experience, policy dividends, 
and other factors are realized, will accumulate cash values adequate to reimburse us for all payments for insurance and deferred 
compensation obligations.  In the event cash values are not sufficient to fund such obligations, the program allows us to reduce 
benefit payments to such amounts as may be funded by accumulated cash values.  The deferred compensation liabilities and related 
cash surrender value of life insurance policies totaled $2.4 million and $2.3 million on December 31, 2016 and December 26, 
2015, respectively, and are included "Other Liabilities" and "Other Assets," respectively.

We also maintain a non-qualified deferred compensation plan (the "Plan") for the benefit of senior management employees 
who may elect to defer a portion of their annual bonus payments and salaries.  The Plan provides investment options similar to 
our 401(k) plan, including our stock.  The investment in our stock is funded by the issuance of shares to a Rabbi trust, and may 
only be distributed in kind.  Assets held by the Plan totaled approximately $0.9 million and $0.8 million on December 31, 2016
and December 26, 2015 respectively, and are included in "Other Assets."  Related liabilities totaled $17.4 million and $13.3 million
on December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015, respectively, and are included in "Other Liabilities" and "Shareholders' Equity."  
Assets associated with the Plan are recorded at fair market value.  The related liabilities are recorded at fair market value, with 
the exception of obligations associated with investments in our stock which are recorded at the market value on the date of deferral.

41

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

I. 

COMMON STOCK

In April 2002, our shareholders approved the 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("Stock Purchase Plan") to succeed 
the Employee Stock Purchase Plan originally approved in 1994.  In April 2008, our shareholders authorized additional shares to 
be allocated to the Stock Purchase Plan and extended the term of the Stock Purchase Plan to 2018.  The plan allows eligible 
employees to purchase shares of our stock at a share price equal to 85% of fair market value on the purchase date.  We have 
expensed the fair value of the compensation associated with these awards, which approximates the discount.  The amount of 
expense is nominal.

In April 1994, our shareholders approved the Directors’ Retainer Stock Plan ("Stock Retainer Plan").  In April 2007, our 
shareholders authorized additional shares to be issued pursuant to this plan.  The Stock Retainer Plan allows eligible members of 
the Board of Directors to defer their retainer fees and receive shares of our stock at the time of their retirement, disability or death.  
The number of shares to be received is equal to the amount of the retainer fee deferred multiplied by 110%, divided by the fair 
market value of a share of our stock at the time of deferral. The number of shares is increased by the amount of dividends paid on 
the Company’s common stock.  We recognized expense for this plan of $0.7 million in 2016, $0.6 million in 2015, and $0.6 million
in 2014.  Effective January 1, 2017, this plan was amended to allow directors to defer payment of the annual retainer paid in the 
form of our common stock.

On April 15, 2010, our shareholders approved an amended and restated Long Term Stock Incentive Plan (the "LTSIP”). 
The LTSIP reserves 1,000,000 shares, plus a balance of unused shares from prior plans of approximately 1.6 million shares, plus 
an annual increase of no more than 200,000 shares per year which may be added on the dates of our annual shareholder meetings.  
The LTSIP provides for the grant of stock options,  stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, performance shares and other stock-
based awards.

A summary of the transactions under the stock option plans is as follows:

Outstanding at December 28, 2013

Exercised

Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at December 27, 2014

Exercised

Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at December 26, 2015

Exercised

Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at December 31, 2016

Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2016

Exercisable at December 31, 2016

Weighted-
Average 
Exercise
Price Per
Share

Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term

Aggregate 
Intrinsic
Value

31.65

30.64

—

32.03

30.64

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1.55

1.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

$

661,674

163,830

493,304

559,510

—

—

—

—

—

—

Stock Under
Option

32,474
(8,737)
—

23,737
(23,737)
—

—

—

—

—

—

— $

There is no unrecognized compensation expense remaining for stock options in 2016, 2015, and 2014.

A summary of the nonvested restricted stock awards granted under the LTSIP is as follows:

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

Nonvested at December 28, 2013

Granted
Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 27, 2014

Granted
Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 26, 2015

Granted
Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2016

Restricted
Awards

Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

Unrecognized 
Compensation 
Expense
(in millions)

Weighted-
Average
Period to
Recognize
Expense

206,420

62,555
(9,446)
(2,443)
257,086

76,321
(121,642)
(3,849)
207,916

116,964
(60,155)
(881)
263,844

2.9

2.00 years

1.7

1.81 years

5.2

2.53 years

32.52

55.30

55.30

36.13

36.39

54.01

38.61

48.85

40.97

71.88

46.98

64.36

$

57.95

$

4.8

1.51 years

Under the Stock Purchase Plan and LTSIP, we recognized share-based compensation expense of $2.2 million, $1.8 million, 
and $1.9 million and the related total income tax benefits of $1.1 million, $0.9 million, and $0.9 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, 
respectively.

In 2016, 2015 and 2014, cash received from option exercises and share issuances under our plans was $0.5 million, $1.1 
million and $0.5 million, respectively.  The actual tax benefit realized in 2016, 2015 and 2014 for the tax deductions from option 
exercises totaled $0.0 million, $0.4 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

On November 14, 2001, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program (which succeeded a previous program) 
allowing us to repurchase up to 2.5 million shares of our common stock.  On October 14, 2010, our Board authorized an additional 
2 million shares to be repurchased under our share repurchase program.  We repurchased 0 and 13,613 shares under this program 
in 2016 and 2015, respectively.  As of December 31, 2016, the cumulative total authorized shares available for repurchase is 
approximately 2.9 million shares.

J. 

RETIREMENT PLANS

We have a profit sharing and 401(k) plan for the benefit of substantially all of our employees, excluding the employees of 
certain wholly-owned subsidiaries.  Amounts contributed to the plan are made at the discretion of the Board of Directors.  We 
matched 25% of employee contributions in 2016, 2015, and 2014, on a discretionary basis, totaling $4.4 million, $2.4 million, 
and $2.0 million respectively.  The basis for matching contributions may not exceed the lesser of 6% of the employee's annual 
compensation or the IRS limitation.

On July 14, 2011, the compensation committee of the board of directors approved a retirement plan for officers whereby 
we will pay, upon retirement, benefits totaling 150% of the officer’s highest base salary in the three years immediately preceding 
separation  from  service  plus  health  care  benefits  for  a  specified  period  of  time  if  certain  eligibility  requirements  are  met. 
Approximately $6.5 million and $5.8 million are accrued in “Other Liabilities” for this plan at December 31, 2016 and December 26, 
2015, respectively.

K. 

INCOME TAXES

Income tax provisions for the years ended December 31, 2016, December 26, 2015, and December 27, 2014 are summarized 

as follows (in thousands):

43

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

Currently Payable:

Federal

State and local

Foreign

Net Deferred:

Federal

State and local

Foreign

2016

2015

2014

$

42,397

$

34,672

$

18,664

6,341

6,143

54,881

(455)
438

310

293

$

55,174

$

6,643

5,599

46,914

(1,104)
96
(36)
(1,044)
45,870

4,852

5,619

29,135

4,128

1,079
(193)
5,014

$

34,149

The components of earnings before income taxes consist of the following:

U.S.

Foreign

Total

2016

2015

2014

$

$

140,106

20,565

160,671

$

$

115,231

15,771

131,002

$

$

79,365

16,348

95,713

The effective income tax rates are different from the statutory federal income tax rates for the following reasons:

Statutory federal income tax rate

State and local taxes (net of  federal benefits)

Effect of noncontrolling owned interest in earnings of partnerships

Manufacturing deduction

Tax credits, including foreign tax credit

Change in uncertain tax positions reserve

Other permanent differences

Other, net

Effective income tax rate

2016

2015

2014

35.0%

35.0%

35.0%

3.1
(0.2)
(2.4)
(1.4)
0.4

0.1
(0.3)
34.3%

3.6
(0.3)
(2.4)
(1.6)
0.3

0.7
(0.3)
35.0%

4.1
(0.2)
(2.0)
(1.9)
(0.2)
0.6

0.3

35.7%

Temporary  differences  which  give  rise  to  deferred  income  tax  assets  and  (liabilities)  on  December 31,  2016  and 

December 26, 2015 are as follows (in thousands):

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

Employee benefits

Net operating loss carryforwards

Foreign subsidiary capital loss carryforward

Other tax credits

Inventory

Reserves on receivables

Accrued expenses

Other, net

Gross deferred income tax assets

Valuation allowance

Deferred income tax assets

Depreciation

Intangibles

Other, net

Deferred income tax liabilities

Net deferred income tax liability

2016

2015

$

13,375

$

10,996

13,605

509

1,196

2

1,208

8,931

2,323

41,149
(5,371)
35,778
(29,971)
(25,078)
—
(55,049)
(19,271) $

1,256

478

3,518

1,264

1,213

5,311

4,728

28,764
(1,454)
27,310
(25,795)
(20,765)
(3,276)
(49,836)
(22,526)

$

As of December 31, 2016, the company had state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $1.5 million and 

state tax credit carryforwards of $0.6 million, which will expire at various dates.  As a result of the acquisition of idX, the 
company also acquired estimated federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $12.1 million and federal 
foreign tax credit carryforwards of $0.4 million. 

Because of the federal, state and certain foreign change of ownership law provisions, some of the various acquired 

NOLs and the federal foreign tax credits maybe limited.  An evaluation under these law provisions will be performed during the 
business combination measurement period for idX, and therefore the ultimate resolution of their future availability is yet 
undetermined. 

The NOL and credit carryforwards expire as follows:

Net Operating Losses

Tax Credits

U.S.

State

Foreign

U.S.

State

2016 - 2020

$

— $

396 $

2,300

$

2021 - 2025

2026 - 2030

2031 - 2035

Thereafter

—

—

7,726

16

469

689

1,204

220

117

—

202

268

253 $

180

—

—

—

Total

$

7,742 $

2,978 $

2,887

$

433 $

118

440

—

—

—

558

As of December 31, 2016, we believe that it is more likely than not that the benefit from certain state and foreign NOL 

carryforwards  as well as certain state tax credit carryforwards will not be realized.  In recognition of this risk, we have 
provided a valuation allowance against various NOL and tax credit carryforwards.  Furthermore, there is a valuation allowance 
of $0.5 million against a capital loss carryforward we have for a wholly-owned subsidiary, UFP Canada, Inc.  Based upon the 
business activity and the nature of the assets of this subsidiary, our ability to realize a future benefit from this carryforward is 
doubtful.  The capital loss has an unlimited carryforward and therefore will not expire unless there is a change in control of the 
subsidiary.

L. 

ACCOUNTING FOR UNCERTAINTY IN INCOME TAXES

45

 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

ASC 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”) clarifies the accounting for income taxes by prescribing the minimum recognition 
threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements.  ASC 740 also provides guidance 
on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, and disclosure requirements.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):

Gross unrecognized tax benefits beginning of year

$

2,209

$

1,793

$

1,923

2016

2015

2014

Increase in tax positions for prior years

Increase in tax positions due to acquisitions

Increase in tax positions for current year

Settlements with taxing authorities

Lapse in statute of limitations

Gross unrecognized tax benefits end of year

$

243

362

905
(32)
(306)
3,381

$

—

—

754

—
(338)
2,209

$

—

—

556

—
(686)
1,793

Our effective tax rate would have been affected by the unrecognized tax benefits had this amount been recognized as a 

reduction to income tax expense.

We recognized interest and penalties for unrecognized tax benefits in our provision for income taxes.  The liability for 
unrecognized  tax  benefits  included  accrued  interest  and  penalties  of  $0.6  million  at  December 31,  2016,  and  $0.2  million  at 
December 26, 2015 and December 27, 2014.

We file income tax returns in the United States and in various state, local and foreign jurisdictions.  The federal and a 
majority of state and foreign jurisdictions are no longer subject to income tax examinations for years before 2013.  A number of 
routine state and local examinations are currently ongoing.  Due to the potential for resolution of state examinations, and the 
expiration of various statutes of limitation, and new positions that may be taken, it is reasonably possible that the amounts of 
unrecognized tax benefits could change in the next twelve months is $0.7 million.

M. 

COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES, AND GUARANTEES

We are self-insured for environmental impairment liability, including certain liabilities which are insured through a wholly 

owned subsidiary, Ardellis Insurance Ltd., a licensed captive insurance company.

We  own  and  operate  a  number  of  facilities  throughout  the  United  States  that  chemically  treat  lumber  products.    In 
connection with the ownership and operation of these and other real properties, and the disposal or treatment of hazardous or toxic 
substances, we may, under various federal, state, and local environmental laws, ordinances, and regulations, be potentially liable 
for removal and remediation costs, as well as other potential costs, damages, and expenses.  Environmental reserves, calculated 
with no discount rate, have been established to cover remediation activities at wood preservation facilities in Stockertown, PA; 
Elizabeth City, NC; Auburndale, FL; and Medley, FL. In addition, a reserve was established for our facility in Thornton, CA to 
remove certain lead containing materials which existed on the property at the time of purchase. 

On  a  consolidated  basis,  we  have  reserved  approximately  $3.6  million  and  $3.5  million  on  December 31,  2016  and 
December 26, 2015, respectively, representing the estimated costs to complete future remediation efforts. These amounts have 
not been reduced by an insurance receivable.

Many of our wood treating operations utilize "Subpart W" drip pads, defined as hazardous waste management units by 
the Environmental Protection Agency.  The rules regulating drip pads require that a pad be “closed” at the point that it is no longer 
intended to be used for wood treating operations or to manage hazardous waste.  Closure involves identification and disposal of 
contaminants which are required to be removed from the facility.  The cost of closure is dependent upon a number of factors 
including, but not limited to, identification and removal of contaminants, cleanup standards that vary from state to state, and the 
time period over which the cleanup would be completed.  Based on our present knowledge of existing circumstances, it is considered 
probable that these costs will approximate $0.3 million.  As a result, this amount is recorded in other long-term liabilities on 
December 31, 2016.

In February 2014, one of our operations was served with a federal grand jury subpoena from the Southern District of 
New York.  The subpoena was issued in connection with an  investigation being conducted by the US Attorney's Office for the 

46

 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

Southern District of New York.  The subpoena requested documents relating to a developer and construction projects for which 
our operation had provided materials and labor.  Following receipt of the subpoena, the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board 
of Directors retained outside counsel to conduct an internal investigation and respond to the subpoena.  The Company cooperated 
in all respects with the US Attorney's Office, complied with this subpoena and voluntarily provided additional information.  As a 
result of the internal investigation, in April 2014, two Company employees were terminated for violating the Company’s Code of 
Conduct and Business Ethics.  In May 2015, those ex-employees were indicted by the grand jury.  In April 2016, one of the two 
former employees pled guilty to four of the charges included in the indictment.  In May 2016, the other former employee was 
found guilty by a jury on four of the charges included in the indictment.  The Company has not been named as a target and continues 
to cooperate with the US Attorney's Office in this matter; however, because of the duration and unique nature of this proceeding, 
any potential, adverse financial implications to the Company are uncertain.

In addition, on December 31, 2016, we were parties either as plaintiff or defendant to a number of lawsuits and claims 
arising through the normal course of our business. In the opinion of management, our consolidated financial statements will not 
be materially affected by the outcome of these contingencies and claims.

On December 31, 2016, we had outstanding purchase commitments on commenced capital projects of approximately 

$10.1 million.

We provide a variety of warranties for products we manufacture. Historically, warranty claims have not been material.  
We distribute products manufactured by other companies, some of which are no longer in business.  While we do not warrant 
these products, we have received claims as a distributor of these products when the manufacturer no longer exists or has the ability 
to pay.  Historically, these costs have not had a material affect on our consolidated financial statements.

As part of our operations, we supply building materials and labor to site-built construction projects or we jointly bid on 
contracts with framing companies for such projects. In some instances we are required to post payment and performance bonds 
to insure the project owner that the products and installation services are completed in accordance with our contractual obligations.  
We have agreed to indemnify the surety for claims made against the bonds.  As of December 31, 2016, we had approximately $6.1 
million in outstanding payment and performance bonds for open projects.  We had approximately $0.3 million in payment and 
performance bonds outstanding for completed projects which are still under warranty.

On December 31, 2016 we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $25.5 million, primarily related to certain insurance 

contracts and industrial development revenue bonds described further below.

In lieu of cash deposits, we provide irrevocable letters of credit in favor of our insurers to guarantee our performance 
under certain insurance contracts.  We currently have irrevocable letters of credit outstanding totaling approximately $15.7 million
for these types of insurance arrangements.  We have reserves recorded on our balance sheet, in accrued liabilities, that reflect our 
expected future liabilities under these insurance arrangements.

We are required to provide irrevocable letters of credit in favor of the bond trustees for all industrial development revenue 
bonds that have been issued.  These letters of credit guarantee principal and interest payments to the bondholders.  We currently 
have irrevocable letters of credit outstanding totaling approximately $9.8 million related to our outstanding industrial development 
revenue bonds.  These letters of credit have varying terms but may be renewed at the option of the issuing banks.

Certain wholly owned domestic subsidiaries have guaranteed the indebtedness of Universal Forest Products, Inc. in certain 
debt  agreements,  including  the  Series  2012  Senior  Notes  and  our  revolving  credit  facility.  The  maximum  exposure  of  these 
guarantees is limited to the indebtedness outstanding under these debt arrangements and this exposure will expire concurrent with 
the expiration of the debt agreements.

We did not enter into any new guarantee arrangements during 2016 which would require us to recognize a liability on 

our balance sheet.

N. 

SEGMENT REPORTING

ASC 280, Segment Reporting (“ASC 280”), defines operating segments as components of an enterprise about which 
separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to 
allocate resources and in assessing 

The Company operates manufacturing, treating and distribution facilities throughout North America, but primarily in 

the United States. The Company manages the operations of its individual locations primarily through a geographic reporting 

47

 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

structure under which each location is included in a region and regions are included in our North, South, and West divisions. 
The exceptions to this geographic reporting and management structure are (a) the Company's Alternative Materials Division, 
which offers a portfolio of non-wood products and distributes those products nation-wide, (b) the Company's distribution unit 
(referred to as UFPD) which distributes a variety of products to the manufactured housing industry and is accounted for as a 
reporting unit within the North segment, and (c) idX division, which designs, produces, and installs customized in-store 

With respect to the facilities in the north, south, and west segments, these facilities generally supply the three markets 
the Company serves nationally - Retail, Industrial, and Construction. Also, substantially all of our facilities support customers 
in the immediate geographical region surrounding the facility.  Additionally, our recently acquired idX division has been 
presented, which generally serves the Industrial 

Our Alternative Materials and International divisions have been included in the “All Other” column of the table below.  

The “Corporate” column includes unallocated administrative costs and certain incentive compensation expense.

North

South

West

idX

All
Other

Corporate

Total

2016

Net sales to outside customers

$1,000,426

$ 711,862

$1,251,093

$

87,001

$ 190,111

$

— $3,240,493

Intersegment net sales

Interest expense

Amortization  expense

Depreciation expense

Segment earnings from operations

Segment assets

Capital expenditures

57,770

38,641

1

115

8,948

59,408

307

—

6,190

47,146

88,311

387

1,858

13,326

76,875

15

50

190

1,598

627

19,307

—

204,044

93

632

2,933

16,012

3,737

—

4,575

2,795

7,828
(35,630)
305,185

40,823

164,438

1,292,058

220,148

145,451

303,607

185,813

131,854

10,902

5,571

19,648

—

6,037

11,604

53,762

North

South

West

2015

All
Other

Corporate

Total

Net sales to outside customers

$

922,092

$

656,550

$ 1,133,398

$

175,031

$

— $ 2,887,071

Intersegment net sales

Interest expense

Amortization  expense

Depreciation expense
Segment earnings from operations

Segment assets

Capital expenditures

51,796

29,940

—

267

7,901
53,879

291,614

9,622

296

9

6,255
30,740

185,818

6,138

58,412

516

2,467

13,033
70,220

369,077

13,356

13,673

52

788

3,707
3,038

98,004

6,698

—

4,269

—

6,814
(22,410)
163,166

7,708

153,821

5,133

3,531

37,710
135,467

1,107,679

43,522

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

North

South

West

2014

All
Other

Corporate

Total

Net sales to outside customers

$

840,277

$

611,700

$ 1,062,565

$

145,787

$

— $ 2,660,329

Intersegment net sales

Interest expense

Amortization  expense

Depreciation expense

Segment earnings from operations

Segment assets

Capital expenditures

37,624

20,224

—

331

7,060

32,988

303,213

10,887

323

10

5,700

24,474

201,245

8,875

47,737

39

1,358

11,029

53,575

351,557

11,984

12,783

—

711

4,082

3,155

85,661

3,879

—

3,905

—

6,042
(16,825)
82,124

9,680

118,368

4,267

2,410

33,913

97,367

1,023,800

45,305

In 2016, 2015, and 2014, 20%, 19%, and 17% of net sales, respectively, were to a single customer.

Information regarding principal geographic areas was as follows (in thousands):

United States

Foreign

Total

2016

2015

2014

Long-Lived
Tangible 
Assets

Net Sales

Long-Lived
Tangible 
Assets

Net Sales

$

$

280,362

$ 2,811,359

26,106

75,712

306,468

$ 2,887,071

$

$

244,040

$ 2,596,278

15,408

64,051

259,448

$ 2,660,329

Long-Lived
Tangible 
Assets

$

$

242,156

15,678

257,834

Net Sales

$ 3,162,331

78,162

$ 3,240,493

Sales generated in Canada and Mexico are primarily to customers in the United States of America.

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, our percentage of value-added and commodity-based sales to 

total sales.

2016

2015

2014

Value-Added

Commodity-
Based

62.6%

59.8%

58.5%

37.4%

40.2%

41.5%

Value-added product sales consist of fencing, decking, lattice, and other specialty products sold to the retail building 
materials market, specialty wood packaging, engineered wood components, and wood-alternative products.  Engineered wood 
components include roof trusses, wall panels, and floor systems.  Wood-alternative products consist primarily of composite wood 
and plastics.  Although we consider the treatment of dimensional lumber with certain chemical preservatives a value-added process, 
treated lumber is not presently included in the value-added sales totals.  Commodity-based product sales consist primarily of 
remanufactured lumber and preservative treated lumber.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, our gross sales (in thousands) by major product classification.

Years Ended

December 31,
2016

December 26,
2015

December 27,
2014

Value-Added Sales

Trusses – residential, modular and manufactured housing

$

334,956

$

299,111

$

176,668

200,004

141,474

391,610

76,503

87,262

68,517

53,279

106,284

204,732

50,556

60,753

66,048

20,713

17,412

3,449

390

149,526

177,787

129,803

374,030

67,804

—

59,804

46,496

56,846

273,605

143,252

141,121

121,434

298,335

61,970

—

73,261

43,751

51,710

200,901

191,426

47,392

57,999

45,215

17,123

13,611

5,353

281

40,943

69,622

32,323

17,265

12,071

6,042

248

$

2,060,610

$

1,749,082

$

1,578,379

469,042

479,333

238,806

30,374

12,084

458,023

423,543

253,678

31,789

10,978

454,695

389,487

232,821

33,146

9,402

$

$

$

1,229,639

3,290,249
(49,756)
3,240,493

$

$

$

1,178,011

2,927,093
(40,022)
2,887,071

$

$

$

1,119,551

2,697,930
(37,601)
2,660,329

Fencing

Decking and railing – composite,  wood and other

Turn-key framing and installed sales

Industrial packaging and components

Engineered wood products (eg. LVL; i-joist)

In-store fixtures

Manufactured brite and other lumber

Wall panels

Outdoor DIY products (eg. stakes; landscape ties)

Construction and building materials (eg. door packages; drywall)

Lattice – plastic and wood

Manufactured brite and other panels

Siding, trim and moulding

Hardware

Manufactured treated lumber

Manufactured treated panels

Other

Total Value-Added Sales

Commodity-Based Sales

Non-manufactured brite and other lumber

Non-manufactured treated lumber

Non-manufactured brite and other panels

Non-manufactured treated panels

Other

Total Commodity-Based Sales

Total Gross Sales

Sales allowances

Total Net Sales

50

 
 
 
 
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

O. 

QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

The following table sets forth selected financial information for all of the quarters, consisting of 14 and 13 weeks during 

the years ended December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015, respectively, (in thousands, except per share data):

Net sales

Gross profit

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to
controlling interest

Basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share

First

Second

Third

Fourth

2016

2015

2016

2015

2016

2015

2016

2015

$ 682,151

$ 633,025

$ 872,093

$ 838,171

$ 826,665

$ 762,275

$ 859,584

$ 653,600

102,739

20,255

79,582

10,804

131,487

112,443

118,054

110,706

122,310

34,237

26,884

28,764

26,883

22,241

97,173

20,561

19,212

10,162

33,398

25,976

27,819

25,556

20,750

18,901

0.95

0.95

0.51

0.51

1.64

1.64

1.29

1.28

1.36

1.36

1.26

1.26

1.02

1.02

0.93

0.93

P. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Subsequent to December 31, 2016, the Company has signed definitive agreements to acquire the operating assets of two businesses.  
The purchase price for these acquisitions is currently estimated to total approximately $53 million.  These acquisitions will be 
financed from expected operating cash flows and the use of the revolving credit facility.

51

 
 
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDENDS

Our common stock trades on The Nasdaq Stock Market (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol UFPI.  The following table sets forth the 
range of high and low sales prices as reported by NASDAQ.

Fiscal 2016
Fourth Quarter

Third Quarter

Second Quarter

First Quarter

High

Low

Fiscal 2015

High

Low

107.09

109.99

91.49

83.58

83.41 Fourth Quarter
84.77 Third Quarter
76.65 Second Quarter
61.04 First Quarter

77.91

64.53

58.05

54.48

57.68

50.82

52.98

49.34

There were approximately 1,300 shareholders of record as of February 6, 2017.

We paid dividends on our common stock of $0.42 and $0.45 per share in June and December 2016, respectively.  In June and 
December 2015, we paid dividends of $0.40 and $0.42 per share, respectively.  We intend to continue with our current semi-annual 
dividend policy for the foreseeable future.

52

STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The following graph depicts the cumulative total return on our common stock compared to the cumulative total return on the 
indices for The Nasdaq Stock Market (all U.S. companies) and an industry peer group we selected.  The graph assumes an investment 
of $100 on December 31, 2011, and reinvestment of dividends in all cases.

The companies included in our self-determined industry peer group are as follows:

American Woodmark Corporation

Bemis Company, Inc.

BlueLinx Holdings, Inc.

BMC Stock Holdings, Inc.

Boise Cascade, LLC

Builders FirstSource, Inc.

Gibraltar Industries, Inc.

Greif Bros. Corporation

Louisiana-Pacific Corporation

Masco Corporation

NCI Building Systems, Inc.

Simpson Manufacturing Company,Inc.

Sonoco Products Company

Trex Company, Inc.

Westrock Company

The returns of each company included in the self-determined peer group are weighted according to each respective company's 
stock market capitalization at the beginning of each period presented in the graph above.  In determining the members of our peer 
group, we considered companies who selected UFPI as a member of their peer group, and looked for similarly sized companies 
or companies that are a good fit with the markets we serve.

53

Directors and Executive Officers

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

William G. Currie
Chairman of the Board
Universal Forest Products, Inc.

Matthew J. Missad
Chief Executive Officer
Universal Forest Products, Inc.

John M. Engler

Gary F. Goode, CPA
Chairman
Titan Sales & Consulting, LLC

Thomas W. Rhodes
President and Chief Executive Officer
TWR Enterprises, Inc.

Bruce A. Merino

Mary E. Tuuk
Chief Compliance Officer
Meijer, Inc.

Brian C. Walker
Chief Executive Officer
Herman Miller, Inc.

Michael G. Wooldridge
Partner
Varnum, LLP

Matthew J. Missad
Chief Executive Officer

Patrick M. Webster
President and Chief Operating Officer

Michael R. Cole
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Allen T. Peters
President
UFP Western Division, Inc.

Patrick Benton
President
UFP Northern Division

Jonathan West
President
UFP Southern Division

Robert D. Coleman
Executive Vice President 
Manufacturing 

C. Scott Greene
Executive Vice President 
Marketing

Donald L. James
Executive Vice President
National Sales

Michael F. Mordell
Executive Vice President
International Operations

Chad C. Uhlig Eastin
Executive Vice President
Purchasing

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL MEETING

Shareholder Information

The annual meeting of Universal Forest Products, Inc. will be held at 8:30 a.m. on April 18, 2017, at 2880 East Beltline Lane NE, 
Grand Rapids, MI 49525.

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

Shares of the Company's stock are traded under the symbol UFPI on the NASDAQ Stock Market.  The Company's 10-K report, 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, will be provided free of charge to any shareholder upon written request.  For 
more information contact:

Investor Relations Department
Universal Forest Products, Inc.
2801 East Beltline NE
Grand Rapids, MI 49525
Telephone:  (616) 364-6161
Web:  www.ufpi.com

SECURITIES COUNSEL

Varnum, LLP
Grand Rapids, MI

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Deloitte & Touche LLP
Grand Rapids, MI

TRANSFER AGENT/SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES

American Stock Transfer & Trust Company serves as the transfer agent for the Corporation. Inquiries relating to stock transfers, 
changes of ownership, lost or stolen stock certificates, changes of address, and dividend payments should be addressed to:

American Stock Transfer & Trust Co.
6201 15th Ave
Brooklyn, NY 11219
Telephone:  (800) 937-5449

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS®, INC., CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS

2801 East Beltline NE
Grand Rapids, MI 49525
Telephone:  (616) 364-6161
Facsimile:  (616) 364-5558

55

Selma, AL
Shanghai, China
Shawnee, OK
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Sidney, NY
Snohomish, WA
Spring Lake, MI
Stanfield, NC
Stockertown, PA
Swindon, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
Tacoma, WA
Thornton, CA
Turlock, CA
Union City, GA
Warrens, WI
Washington, NC
Wenatchee, WA
White Bear Lake, MN
White Pigeon, MI
Windsor, CO
Woodburn, OR
Wujiang City, China
Yakima, WA
Yeerongpilly, QLD, Australia

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS®, INC., AND ITS AFFILIATES

Locations:

Ashburn, GA
Athena, OR
Auburn, NY
Auburndale, FL
Aurora, CO
Bangalore, India
Belchertown, MA
Berlin, NJ
Blanchester, OH
Bomaderry, NSW, Australia
Bridgeton, MO
Burlington, NC
Caldwell, ID
Cedar Hill, TX
Chaffee, NY
Chandler, AZ
Chesapeake, VA
Chicago, IL
Chino, CA
Church Hill, TN
Columbia, MD
Concord, Ontario, Canada
Conway, SC
Cordele, GA
Dallas, TX
Dayton, OH
Durango, Mexico
Eagan, MN
Earth City, MO
Eatonton, GA
Elizabeth City, NC
Elkhart, IN
Elkwood, VA
Embalaje, Mexico
Erskine Park, NSW, Australia
Folkston, GA
Franklinton, NC
Gilmer, TX
Gordon, PA
Grand Rapids, MI
Grandview, TX
Granger, IN
Greene, ME
Haleyville, AL
Hamilton, OH
Harrisonville, MO
Hillsboro, TX

Hudson, NY
Hutchinson, MN
Janesville, WI
Jefferson, GA
Jeffersonville, IN
Kansas City, MO
Kearneysville, WV
Kyle, TX
Lacolle, Quebec, Canada
Lafayette, CO
Liberty, NC
Locust, NC
Magna, UT
McMinnville, OR
Medley, FL
Merciditas, Puerto Rico
Mexico City, Mexico
Minneota, MN
Morristown, TN
Moultrie, GA
Muscle Shoals, AL
Nampa, ID
Naugatuck, CT
New Delhi, India
New Hartford, NY
New London, NC
New Waverly, TX
New Windsor, MD
New York, NY
Ontario, CA
Ooltewah, TN
Parker, PA
Pearisburg, VA
Peru, IL
Plainville, MA
Poulsbo, WA
Prairie du Chien, WI
Puyallup, WA
Ranson, WV
Riverside, CA
Saginaw, MI
Saginaw, TX
Salina, KS
Salisbury, NC
San Antonio, TX
Sauk Rapids, MN
Schertz, TX

56

LIST OF REGISTRANT'S SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES

EXHIBIT 21

234 Springs Rd., LLC

2875 Springs Rd., LLC

621 Hall St., LLC

Aljoma Holding Company, LLC

Aljoma Lumber, Inc.

Ardellis Insurance Ltd.

CA Truss, Inc.

Caliper Building Systems, LLC

Discount Building Products, LLC

Eovations, LLC

Gulf Coast Components, LLC

Horizon terra, Incorporated

Idaho Western, Inc.

idX Asia Fixtures Limited

idX Asia Trading Limited

idX Baltimore, Inc.

idX Chicago, LLC

idX (China) Display System Co. Ltd.

idX Corporation London Limited

idX Corporate

idX Dallas, LLC

idX Dayton, LLC

idX Holdings, Inc.

idX Impressions, LLC

idX (India) Display Privte Ltd.

idX Los Angeles, LLC

idX Mexico

idX Shanghai Trading Company Ltd.

Integra International Pty Ltd

International Wood Industries, Inc.

Landura, LLC

Maine Ornamental, LLC

Metaworld Technologies, LLC

Mid-Atlantic Framing, LLC

North Atlantic Framing, LLC

Pacific Coast Showcase, Inc.
Pinelli Universal TKT, S de R.L. de C.V.

Pinelli Universal, S de R.L. de C.V.

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Michigan

Florida

Bermuda

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Indiana

Idaho

Hong Kong

Hong Kong

Delaware

Delaware

China

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

India

UFP Gear, LLC

UFP Global Holdings Limited

Michigan

United Kingdom

UFP Gordon, LLC

UFP Grandview, LLC

UFP Granger, LLC

UFP Great Lakes, LLC

UFP Gulf, LLC

UFP Haleyville, LLC

UFP Hamilton, LLC

UFP Harrisonville, LLC

UFP Hillsboro, LLC

UFP International, LLC

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

UFP International Employment Services, LLC Michigan

UFP Janesville, LLC

UFP Kyle, LLC

UFP Lafayette, LLC

UFP Lansing, LLC

UFP Magna, LLC

UFP McMinnville, LLC

UFP Mexico Embalaje y Distribution, S. de
R.L. de C. V.

UFP Mexico Investment, LLC

UFP Mid-Atlantic, LLC

UFP Millry, LLC

UFP Minneota, LLC

UFP Morristown, LLC

Delaware

UFP Moultrie, LLC

Mexico

China

Australia

California

Texas

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Washington
Mexico

Mexico

UFP Mountain West, LLC

UFP National Enterprises II, Inc.

UFP New London, LLC

UFP New Waverly, LLC

UFP New Windsor, LLC

UFP New York, LLC

UFP North Atlantic, LLC

UFP Northeast, LLC

UFP Orlando, LLC

UFP Parker, LLC
UFP Purchasing, Inc.

UFP Ranson, LLC

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Mexico

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan
Michigan

Michigan

 
PR Distribution, LLC

Puerto Rico

UFP RE Acquisition, LLC

Shawnlee Construction, L.L.C.

Shepardville Construction, LLC

Store Fixtures Canada Holdings, Inc.

The UBEECO Group Pty Ltd

TKT Real State, S. de R.L. de C.V.

Tresstar, LLC

Triangle Systems, Inc.

U.F.P. Mexico Holdings, S. de R.L.

UFP Albuquerque, LLC

UFP Altoona, LLC

UFP Ashburn, LLC

UFP Atlantic, LLC

UFP Atlantic Division, LLC

UFP Auburndale, LLC
UFP Australia Ptd Ltd

UFP Australia Real Estate Pty Ltd

UFP Belchertown, LLC

UFP Berlin, LLC

UFP Blanchester, LLC

UFP Caldwell, LLC

UFP Canada, Inc.

UFP Central Plains, LLC

UFP Chandler, LLC

UFP Dallas, LLC

UFP de Mexico S.A. de C.V.

UFP Distribution, LLC

UFP Eagan, LLC

UFP East Central, LLC

UFP Eastern Division, Inc.

UFP Eaton LLC

UFP Eatonton, LLC

UFP Elizabeth City, LLC

UFP Elkwood, LLC

UFP Far West, LLC

UFP Folkston, LLC

UFP Franklinton, LLC

UFP Gainesville, LLC

Michigan

Michigan

Delaware

Australia

Mexico

Michigan

New York

Mexico

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan
Australia

Australia

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Canada

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Mexico

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

UFP Riverside, LLC

UFP Rockwell, LLC

UFP Saginaw, LLC

UFP Salisbury, LLC

UFP San Antonio, LLC

UFP Sauk Rapids, LLC

UFP Schertz, LLC

UFP Shawnee, LLC

UFP Southeast, LLC

UFP Southwest, LLC

UFP Stockertown, LLC

UFP Tampa, LLC

UFP Thomaston, LLC

UFP Thorndale Partnership
UFP Thornton, LLC

UFP Transportation, Inc.

UFP Union City, LLC

UFP Ventures II, Inc.

UFP Warranty Corporation

UFP Warrens, LLC

UFP Washington, LLC

UFP Western Division, Inc.

UFP White Bear Lake, LLC

UFP Windsor, LLC

UFP Woodburn, LLC

United Lumber & Reman, LLC

Universal Consumer Products, Inc.

Universal Forest Products RMS, LLC

Universal Forest Products Texas LLC

Universal Showcase ULC

Upshur Forest Products, LLC

Western Building Professionals of
California II Limited Partnership

Western Building Professionals of
California, Inc.

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Canada
Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Alabama

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Alberta

Michigan

Michigan

Michigan

Western Building Professionals, LLC

Michigan

 
Exhibit 23 - Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement No. 333-75278 on Form S-3 and Registration 
Statements on Form S-8 for various employee option and incentive stock plans (Registration Statement Nos. 33-81128, 
33-81116, 33-81450, 333-60630, 333-88056, 333-150345, and 333-156596) of our reports dated March 1, 2017, relating to the 
consolidated financial statements of Universal Forest Products, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”), and the effectiveness of 
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the 
year ended December 31, 2016.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP 

Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 1, 2017

Universal Forest Products, Inc.

Certification

 EXHIBIT 31(a)

I, Matthew J. Missad, certify that:

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Universal Forest Products, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and 
for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. 

b. 

c. 

d. 

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting to designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5. 

The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the Audit Committee of registrant's Board of Directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. 

b. 

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:

March 1, 2017

/s/ Matthew J. Missad

Matthew J. Missad

Chief Executive Officer and

Principal Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Universal Forest Products, Inc.

Certification

EXHIBIT 31(b)

I, Michael R. Cole, certify that:

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Universal Forest Products, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and 
for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. 

b. 

c. 

d. 

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting to designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5. 

The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the Audit Committee of registrant's Board of Directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. 

b. 

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:

March 1, 2017

/s/ Michael R. Cole

Michael R. Cole

Chief Financial Officer,

Principal Financial Officer and

Principal Accounting Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 32(a)

CERTIFICATE OF THE
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER OF
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350):

I, Matthew J. Missad, Chief Executive Officer of Universal Forest Products, Inc., certify, to the best of my knowledge 

and belief, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350) that:

(1) 

 The report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, which this statement accompanies, fully 

complies with requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) 

The information contained in this report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2016 fairly presents, 

in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Universal Forest Products, Inc.

Date: March 1, 2017

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.

By:

/s/ Matthew J. Missad

Matthew J. Missad

Its:

Chief Executive Officer and

Principal Executive Officer

The signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or any other document authenticating, acknowledging, or 
otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by 
Section 906, has been provided to Universal Forest Products, Inc. and will be retained by Universal Forest Products, Inc. and 
furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 32(b)

CERTIFICATE OF THE
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER OF
UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.

Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350):

I, Michael R. Cole, Chief Financial Officer of Universal Forest Products, Inc., certify, to the best of my knowledge and 

belief, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (18 U.S.C. 1350) that:

(1) 

The report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2016, which this statement accompanies, fully 

complies with requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) 

 The information contained in this report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2016 fairly presents, 

in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Universal Forest Products, Inc.

Date: March 1, 2017

UNIVERSAL FOREST PRODUCTS, INC.

By:

/s/ Michael R. Cole

Michael R. Cole

Its:

Chief Financial Officer,

Principal Financial Officer and

Principal Accounting Officer

The signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or any other document authenticating, acknowledging, or 
otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by 
Section 906, has been provided to Universal Forest Products, Inc. and will be retained by Universal Forest Products, Inc. and 
furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.