Universal Electronics
Annual Report 2016

Plain-text annual report

16ANNUAL REPORT For over 30 years, Universal Electronics has made innovative products and technologies that make home entertainment easier to watch and enjoy. From the first release of TV replacement remote controls to QuickSet, our automated setup and control system, now deployed in over 400 million devices worldwide; UEI has led the way in innovative technologies that simplify the home entertainment experience for consumers. As home entertainment electronics continue to become more complex, driven by a growing library of content and connected technologies, UEI is uniquely positioned to design, develop, and deliver control and sensing solutions to markets around the world. ADVANCED HOME ENTERTAINMENT CONTROL Finding and enjoying home entertainment content has become more challenging than ever for consumers worldwide. More titles and more delivery options, such as over the top (OTT) digital media streamers and “skinny bundle” packages, have made it increasingly necessary for consumers to find easier ways to search and view content than the traditional linear programming guide. As the leader in entertainment control, UEI leads the way in designing products and technologies to give consumers control over their entertainment systems. For seamless connectivity and control, QuickSet® customers, such as Samsung, benefit from automated setup and control of their entire entertainment system, making switching between Netflix on their OTT box and live broadcast television on their cable box simple and effortless. In the past year, voice search has risen to the top of the feature list as a must-have feature in an entertainment remote control. Leading providers such as Comcast Xfinity and SlingTV rely on Universal Electronics to build their voice remote control solutions to satisfy the customer need for navigating the vast sea of entertainment content. 16ANNUAL REPORT Netflix is currently available on 339 million connected audio-visual devices in the U.S. IHS Technology There are over 2.1 billion connected television and digital media devices in the world today. IHS Technology U.S. households receive an average of 189 channels. Nielsen 55% of U.S. broadband households find it appealing to control entertainment and smart home devices using voice commands. Parks Associates Smart TV household penetration is expected to reach, and exceed, 50% in most major global TV markets. IHS Markit Adults in the U.S. watch an average of 4.5 hours of live TV every day. Nielsen 2 Disclaimer: All trademarks appearing herein are the property of their respective owners. 3 ADVANCED HOME SENSING With the explosion in smart home technology, demand for wireless sensors; home monitoring systems; and automation is growing. Internet of Things (IoT) solutions are working their way into the product and service portfolios of traditional cable and satellite operators, a core channel for UEI. Through smart investments and organic product development, UEI has positioned itself as the leading provider of control and sensing products to original equipment manufacturers (OEM) and multiple system operators (MSO) around the world. The connected home brings together a growing list of product and technology solutions that promise to make our homes safer, more secure, and more efficient. Residential security technologies provide a reliable and scalable backbone on which to deliver many of the new value-added services, such as flood/freeze and fire/smoke sensors. 16ANNUAL REPORT The global market for smart home sensor installations is forecast to reach 4.5 billion by 2022. ABI Research Adoption of interactive services will reach 60% of professionally monitored security subscribers in the U.S. by 2021 fueling continued growth in the security industry. Parks Associates Global smart home security device shipments will grow from 262M in 2016 to 709M in 2019. Business Insider An estimated 34 billion devices will be internet-connected globally by 2020, up from 10 billion in 2015. BI Intelligence 4 5 16ANNUAL REPORT OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE For over 30 years, Universal Electronics has been building and improving its global supply chain to optimize delivery of products and services to its customers worldwide. Today, Universal Electronics’ network includes fully modernized, award-winning and automated manufacturing facilities in China; regional manufacturing centers in Brazil and Mexico; as well as a brand new EICC compliant facility in Yangzhou, China to meet the exacting demands of customers. With engineering design and development teams on three continents around the world, UEI is an industry-leading company with a global reach and a successful track record of innovation and performance. 6 7 ASCENDING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE YEAR AFTER YEAR UEI’s 2016 financial results continue to show solid performance year after year reflecting consistent growth in net sales* and diluted earnings per share* over the last 8 years. These results, strengthened by the introduction of higher performing platforms, and the expansion of our product portfolio into smart sensing technologies, confirm that UEI is poised for long-term success. *Adjusted Non-GAAP metrics. Adjusted Non-GAAP net sales and diluted earnings per share are supplemental measures of the company’s performance that are not required by, in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. Adjusted Non-GAAP net sales is defined as net sales excluding the impact of stock-based compensation for performance-based warrants. Adjusted Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share is defined as diluted earnings per share excluding stock-based compensation expense; cost of goods sold and depreciation expense related to the increase in inventories and fixed assets from cost to fair market value resulting from acquisitions; excess manufacturing overhead; acquisition related expenses; amortization of intangible assets acquired in business combinations; costs incurred for years preceding the acquisition of Enson Assets Limited; employee related restructuring costs; costs associated with moving our corporate headquarters; litigation settlement costs; changes in contingent consideration related to acquisitions; the related tax effects of the aforementioned adjustments; and the impact of adjustments to certain deferred tax assets and liabilities resulting from tax incentives, tax law changes, and a factory transition. Refer to the information under the subheading “Non-GAAP Financial Metrics”, found on pages 107-108, for an explanation of why we believe these financial measures are meaningful and for reconciliations of these measures to the most directly comparable measures under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). The bar graphic displayed here is for illustration purposes. The actual bar heights may not be an exact representation of their numeric values. NET SALES IN MILLIONS EARNINGS PER SHARE (DILUTED) 8 9 DEAR STOCKHOLDERS: Our 2016 results reflected our continued solid performance as we delivered a record $654.1 million in net sales (Adjusted Non-GAAP)1. In fact, this marked our 19th straight year of strong sales and profitability. Over the past 30 years, UEI has established itself as the supplier of choice to the world’s leading names in home entertainment worldwide. We are in the early stages of a major evolution in our industry that represents a significant long-term opportunity for us, and we believe we are better positioned than ever to expand our share of this growing market. Advanced technology and connectivity are quickly becoming the norm for today’s smart home, and consumers need smart technology that can keep their experiences positive and their entertainment enjoyable and simple. Many of our traditional customers are moving to innovative new control technologies, such as voice, to keep pace with the explosion of video content that is now available. Comcast Xfinity continues to deploy and syndicate their voice remote solution to millions of subscribers across the Americas. According to Comcast’s Voices December 2016 blog, the XR11 voice remotes in the market now manage around 200 million voice commands every month, and Xfinity servers have processed more than a billion commands since they launched the remote in early 2016. Other customers such as Echostar have introduced voice search and other features like One Touch View™ into their remote controls for the AirTV Player for SlingTV, simplifying the viewing experience for their subscribers. Expertise in design, technology integration, and manufacturing from Universal Electronics helps bring these advanced technologies and ultimately a better user experience to home entertainment. Powering our automated setup technology is QuickSet®, our software technology that enables consumers to easily set up and use entertainment devices in the home. First launched widely with DIRECTV in January 2009, QuickSet is now deployed in over 400 million televisions, stereos, set-top boxes, over-the-top players, game consoles, smartphones, tablets and other devices around the globe. In December 2016, Comcast was first to deploy QuickSet Cloud™, launching it in the X1 Entertainment Operating System and Voice Remote enabling universal remote setup and control of televisions connected to the X1 with little or no intervention from the consumer. At CES 2017, we introduced QuickSet 4.0, the latest iteration of our advanced platform, which moves beyond control with the addition of Control Plus IP Services. QuickSet 4.0 takes discovery to a whole new level by enabling the discovery of many more connected devices in the home and surfaces rich metadata on content and applications that users care about – across devices and brands. We are excited to expand our presence and capabilities in the home automation and security market. We introduced several new sensing and control products to existing and new customers in 2016, ranging from intelligent door and window sensors, to wireless temperature sensors, to automated light switches and more. Using the existing broadband architecture, many of our customers are introducing new platforms to consumers that support services and applications that weren’t possible even just one year ago. Our intelligent sensing technologies combined with our home entertainment control innovations provide customers a more complete smart home solution. The long-term opportunity this represents is large and compelling. Universal Electronics has been dedicated to making home entertainment, and now home automation and sensing, more effective, more efficient, and easier to use for every consumer. Customers from all the over the world validate this strategy by continuing to support us and trust us with their business. Our list of loyal customers includes Comcast, DIRECTV, Samsung, LG, Sony, Panasonic, Echostar, DISH, SKY, UPC, Virgin Media, Microsoft, Cox, Charter, Liberty, Vodaphone and many more. We have earned this trust through a continued focus on innovation and delivery of quality and affordable products that support their own esteemed brands. Our industry continues to undergo an evolution in how consumers interact with and enjoy their home entertainment. As consumer electronics become more complex, the devices and services used to control and interact with the home entertainment stack must be easy to set up and easy to use. Over our 30-year history of developing solutions that anticipate the changing needs of the market, we have established Universal Electronics as an invaluable partner to our customers. We are excited to continue to work with our customers to roll out these advanced technologies in the months and years ahead. My thanks go out to every highly dedicated individual at Universal Electronics that treats every request with personal pride and attention. I’d also like to thank you, our stockholders, for your ongoing support of UEI. We will continue to reach higher and farther for our customers to deliver the very best in home entertainment and smart home experiences. Sincerely, Paul Arling Chairman and CEO 1 Net Sales are “Adjusted Non-GAAP Financial Measures”. See pages 107-108 for an explanation of why we believe these financial measures are meaningful and reconciliations of these measures to the most directly comparable measures under generally accepted accounting principles. 10 11 14 22 39 40 54 57 62 103 105 107 BUSINESS RISK FACTORS SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 57 58 59 60 61 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME STATEMENTS CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES PERFORMANCE CHART NON-GAAP FINANCIAL METRICS 12 BUSINESS Business of Universal Electronics Inc. Universal Electronics Inc. ("UEI") was incorporated under the laws of Delaware in 1986 and began operations in 1987. The principal executive offices are located at 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, 8th Floor, Santa Ana, California 92707. As used herein, the terms "we", "us" and "our" refer to UEI and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates to the contrary. Additional information regarding UEI may be obtained at www.uei.com. We make our periodic and current reports, together with amendments to these reports, available on our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains the reports, proxy and other information that we file electronically with the SEC. Business Segment Overview Universal Electronics Inc. develops control and sensor technology solutions and manufactures a broad line of pre-programmed and universal remote control products, audio-video ("AV") accessories, and intelligent wireless security and automation components dedicated to redefining the home entertainment and security experience. Our offerings include the following: • • • • • • easy-to-use, pre-programmed universal infrared ("IR") and radio frequency ("RF") remote controls that are sold primarily to subscription broadcasting providers (cable, satellite and Internet Protocol television ("IPTV")), original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), retailers, and private label customers; integrated circuits, on which our software and universal device control database is embedded, sold primarily to OEMs, subscription broadcasting providers, and private label customers; capabilities. software, firmware and technology solutions that can enable devices such as TVs, set-top boxes, stereos, smart phones, tablets, gaming controllers and other consumer electronic devices to wirelessly connect and interact with home networks and interactive services to control and deliver digital entertainment and information; intellectual property which we license primarily to OEMs, software development companies, private label customers, and subscription broadcasting providers; proprietary and standards-based RF sensors designed for residential security, safety and automation applications; and AV accessories sold, directly and indirectly, to consumers. Our business is comprised of one reportable segment. Principal Products and Markets Our principal markets are the subscription broadcast, consumer and mobile electronics and residential security markets where our customers include subscription broadcasters, OEMs, international retailers, private label brands, pro-security dealers and companies in the computing industry. OEMs that manufacture televisions, digital audio and video players, streamer boxes, cable converters, satellite receivers, set- top boxes, room air conditioning equipment, game consoles, and wireless mobile phones and tablets. We continue to place significant emphasis on expanding our sales and marketing efforts to subscription broadcasters and OEMs in Asia, Latin America and Europe. Owning and operating our own factories in the People's Republic of China ("PRC") has enhanced our ability to compete in the OEM and subscription broadcasting markets. In addition, we have subsidiaries in Brazil and Mexico, which have allowed us to increase our reach and better compete in the Central and Latin American subscription broadcast market. We plan to continue to add new sales and administrative personnel to support anticipated sales growth in international markets over the next few years. We continue to pursue further penetration of the more traditional OEM consumer electronics markets as well as newer product categories in the mobile electronics markets such as smart phones, tablets and other mobile smart devices. Customers in these markets integrate our products and technology into their products to simplify and expand the universal control capabilities of home entertainment ecosystems. Growth in these markets has been driven by the increasing complexity of home entertainment, emerging digital technology, multimedia and interactive internet applications, and the increasing proliferation of connected smart devices offered by OEMs. In 2015, we acquired Ecolink Intelligent Technology, Inc. ("Ecolink"), a leading developer of smart home technology. Ecolink provides a wide range of intelligent wireless security and automation components dedicated to redefining the home security experience. Ecolink has over 20 years of wireless engineering expertise in the home security and automation market and holds more than 25 related pending and issued patents. UEI’s current subscription broadcasting customers are adding home security and automation to their list of service offerings. Our acquisition of Ecolink, a premise equipment supplier to this market, enables us to broaden our design expertise and product portfolio to add home security and automation sensors to our For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, our sales to Comcast Corporation accounted for 22.9% and 21.5% of our net sales, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, our sales to DIRECTV and its sub-contractors collectively accounted for 10.5%, 12.4%, and 10.4% of our net sales, respectively. Our One For All® brand name remote controls and accessories sold within the international retail markets accounted for 7.2%, 8.1%, and 9.2% of our total net sales for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Financial information relating to our international operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 is included in "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA - Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 15". Intellectual Property and Technology We hold a number of patents in the United States and abroad related to our products and technology, and have filed domestic and foreign applications for other patents that are pending. At the end of 2016, we had over 400 issued and pending United States patents related to remote control, home security, safety and automation as well as hundreds of foreign counterpart patents and applications in various territories around the world. We provide subscription broadcasting providers, both domestically and internationally, with our universal remote control devices and integrated circuits, on which our software and device code database library is embedded. We also sell integrated circuits, on which our software and IR device control code database is embedded, and license our IR device control database to Our patents have remaining lives ranging from one to 18 years. We have also obtained copyright registration and claim copyright protection for certain proprietary software and libraries of IR codes. Additionally, the names of many of our products are registered, or are being registered, as trademarks in the United States Patent and Trademark Office and in most of the other 14 1 2 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 14 4/12/17 2:38 PM BUSINESS Business of Universal Electronics Inc. Universal Electronics Inc. ("UEI") was incorporated under the laws of Delaware in 1986 and began operations in 1987. The principal executive offices are located at 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, 8th Floor, Santa Ana, California 92707. As used herein, the terms "we", "us" and "our" refer to UEI and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates to the contrary. Additional information regarding UEI may be obtained at www.uei.com. We make our periodic and current reports, together with amendments to these reports, available on our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains the reports, proxy and other information that we file electronically with the SEC. Business Segment Overview Universal Electronics Inc. develops control and sensor technology solutions and manufactures a broad line of pre-programmed and universal remote control products, audio-video ("AV") accessories, and intelligent wireless security and automation components dedicated to redefining the home entertainment and security experience. Our offerings include the following: • easy-to-use, pre-programmed universal infrared ("IR") and radio frequency ("RF") remote controls that are sold primarily to subscription broadcasting providers (cable, satellite and Internet Protocol television ("IPTV")), original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), retailers, and private label customers; • integrated circuits, on which our software and universal device control database is embedded, sold primarily to OEMs, subscription broadcasting providers, and private label customers; • software, firmware and technology solutions that can enable devices such as TVs, set-top boxes, stereos, smart phones, tablets, gaming controllers and other consumer electronic devices to wirelessly connect and interact with home networks and interactive services to control and deliver digital entertainment and information; • intellectual property which we license primarily to OEMs, software development companies, private label customers, and subscription broadcasting providers; • proprietary and standards-based RF sensors designed for residential security, safety and automation applications; and • AV accessories sold, directly and indirectly, to consumers. Our business is comprised of one reportable segment. Principal Products and Markets Our principal markets are the subscription broadcast, consumer and mobile electronics and residential security markets where our customers include subscription broadcasters, OEMs, international retailers, private label brands, pro-security dealers and companies in the computing industry. OEMs that manufacture televisions, digital audio and video players, streamer boxes, cable converters, satellite receivers, set- top boxes, room air conditioning equipment, game consoles, and wireless mobile phones and tablets. We continue to place significant emphasis on expanding our sales and marketing efforts to subscription broadcasters and OEMs in Asia, Latin America and Europe. Owning and operating our own factories in the People's Republic of China ("PRC") has enhanced our ability to compete in the OEM and subscription broadcasting markets. In addition, we have subsidiaries in Brazil and Mexico, which have allowed us to increase our reach and better compete in the Central and Latin American subscription broadcast market. We plan to continue to add new sales and administrative personnel to support anticipated sales growth in international markets over the next few years. We continue to pursue further penetration of the more traditional OEM consumer electronics markets as well as newer product categories in the mobile electronics markets such as smart phones, tablets and other mobile smart devices. Customers in these markets integrate our products and technology into their products to simplify and expand the universal control capabilities of home entertainment ecosystems. Growth in these markets has been driven by the increasing complexity of home entertainment, emerging digital technology, multimedia and interactive internet applications, and the increasing proliferation of connected smart devices offered by OEMs. In 2015, we acquired Ecolink Intelligent Technology, Inc. ("Ecolink"), a leading developer of smart home technology. Ecolink provides a wide range of intelligent wireless security and automation components dedicated to redefining the home security experience. Ecolink has over 20 years of wireless engineering expertise in the home security and automation market and holds more than 25 related pending and issued patents. UEI’s current subscription broadcasting customers are adding home security and automation to their list of service offerings. Our acquisition of Ecolink, a premise equipment supplier to this market, enables us to broaden our design expertise and product portfolio to add home security and automation sensors to our capabilities. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, our sales to Comcast Corporation accounted for 22.9% and 21.5% of our net sales, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, our sales to DIRECTV and its sub-contractors collectively accounted for 10.5%, 12.4%, and 10.4% of our net sales, respectively. Our One For All® brand name remote controls and accessories sold within the international retail markets accounted for 7.2%, 8.1%, and 9.2% of our total net sales for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Financial information relating to our international operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 is included in "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA - Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 15". Intellectual Property and Technology We hold a number of patents in the United States and abroad related to our products and technology, and have filed domestic and foreign applications for other patents that are pending. At the end of 2016, we had over 400 issued and pending United States patents related to remote control, home security, safety and automation as well as hundreds of foreign counterpart patents and applications in various territories around the world. We provide subscription broadcasting providers, both domestically and internationally, with our universal remote control devices and integrated circuits, on which our software and device code database library is embedded. We also sell integrated circuits, on which our software and IR device control code database is embedded, and license our IR device control database to Our patents have remaining lives ranging from one to 18 years. We have also obtained copyright registration and claim copyright protection for certain proprietary software and libraries of IR codes. Additionally, the names of many of our products are registered, or are being registered, as trademarks in the United States Patent and Trademark Office and in most of the other 1 2 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 15 15 4/12/17 2:38 PM countries in which such products are sold. These registrations are valid for terms ranging up to 20 years and may be renewed as long as the trademarks continue to be used and are deemed by management to be important to our operations. While we follow the practice of obtaining patent, copyright and trademark registrations on new developments whenever advisable, in certain cases we have elected common law trade secret protection in lieu of obtaining such other protection. A key factor in creating products and software for control of entertainment devices is the device control code database. Since our beginning in 1986, we have compiled an extensive device control code database library that covers nearly one million individual device functions and approximately 7,900 individual consumer electronic equipment brand names, including virtually all IR controlled set-top boxes, televisions, audio components, DVD players, Blu-Ray players, CD players, other remote controlled home entertainment devices and home automation control modules, and wired Consumer Electronics Control ("CEC") and wireless Internet Protocol ("IP") control protocols commonly found on many of the latest HDMI and internet connected devices. Our proprietary software automatically detects, identifies and enables the appropriate control commands for any given home entertainment, automation and air conditioning device in the home. Our library is continuously updated with device control codes used in newly introduced AV and Internet of Things ("IoT") devices. These control codes are captured directly from the remote control devices or the manufacturer's written specifications to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the database. Our proprietary software and know-how permit us to offer a device control code database that is more robust and efficient than similarly priced products of our competitors. Our goal is to provide universal control solutions that require minimal or no user set-up and deliver consistent and intuitive one-touch control of all connected content sources and devices. QuickSet® is a software application that is currently embedded in millions of devices worldwide. QuickSet may be embedded in an AV device, set-top box, or other host device, or delivered as a Cloud-based service to enable universal remote setup and control. QuickSet enables universal remote control set-up using automated and guided on-screen instructions and a wireless two-way communication link between the remote and the QuickSet enabled device. The two-way connection allows device control code data and configuration settings to be sent to the remote control from the device and greatly simplifies the universal remote control set-up process and can enable other time saving features. QuickSet utilizes data transmitted over HDMI or IP networks to automatically detect various attributes of the connected device and downloads the appropriate control codes and functions into the remote control without the need for the user to enter any additional information. The user does not need to know the brand or model number to set up the device in the remote. Any compatible new device that is connected is recognized. Consumers can quickly and easily set up their remotes to control multiple devices. Recently added features in QuickSet address common consumer challenges in universal device control, such as mode confusion and input switching. With QuickSet consumers switch easily between activities and reliably view their chosen content source with a single touch. QuickSet handles the device-specific control requirements. Licensees of QuickSet include service providers such as Comcast, DIRECTV and Echostar Technologies; smart TV manufacturers such as Sony and Samsung; leading game console manufacturer Microsoft on their Xbox One game system; and mobile and tablet device manufacturers Samsung, LG, OPPO, Huawei and LeTV on some of their mobile handset platforms. Smart devices are becoming a more prevalent part of the home entertainment experience, and UEI offers several solutions to enable entertainment device control with a smart phone, tablet or smart TV. In its smart device control solutions, UEI offers all of the elements needed for device control from the IR microcontroller to the device control database to the user interface for the touchscreen. Nevo® is a UEI-designed and developed universal control suite of applications designed for Android and iOS tablets and smart phones that UEI has released and that is currently available for download at Google Play and the Apple App Store. Methods of Distribution Our distribution methods for our remote control devices are dependent on the sales channel. We distribute remote control devices, sensors and AV accessories directly to subscription broadcasters and OEMs, both domestically and internationally. We 3 currently also distribute home security sensors to pro-security installers in the United States through a network of dealers. Outside of North America, we sell our wireless control devices and AV accessories under the One For All® and private label brand names to retailers through our international subsidiaries. We utilize third-party distributors for the retail channel in countries where we do not have subsidiaries. We have developed a broad portfolio of patented technologies and the industry's leading database of device control codes. We ship integrated circuits, on which our software and control code database are embedded, directly to manufacturers for inclusion in their products. In addition, we license our software and technology to manufacturers. Licenses are delivered upon the transfer of a product master or on a per unit basis when the software or technology is used in a customer device. We provide domestic and international consumer support to our various universal remote control marketers, including manufacturers, cable and satellite providers, retail distributors, and audio and video OEMs through our live and automated call centers. We also make available a web-based support resource, www.urcsupport.com, designed specifically for subscription broadcasters. This solution offers videos and online tools to help users easily set up their universal remote, and as a result reduce call volume at customer support centers. Additionally, the UEI Technical Support Services call center provides customer interaction management services from technical service and support to customer retention. Services include pre-repair calls, post-install surveys, and inbound calls for cable customers to provide greater bottom-line efficiencies. countries in which such products are sold. These registrations are valid for terms ranging up to 20 years and may be renewed as long as the trademarks continue to be used and are deemed by management to be important to our operations. While we follow the practice of obtaining patent, copyright and trademark registrations on new developments whenever advisable, in certain cases we have elected common law trade secret protection in lieu of obtaining such other protection. A key factor in creating products and software for control of entertainment devices is the device control code database. Since our beginning in 1986, we have compiled an extensive device control code database library that covers nearly one million individual device functions and approximately 7,900 individual consumer electronic equipment brand names, including virtually all IR controlled set-top boxes, televisions, audio components, DVD players, Blu-Ray players, CD players, other remote controlled home entertainment devices and home automation control modules, and wired Consumer Electronics Control ("CEC") and wireless Internet Protocol ("IP") control protocols commonly found on many of the latest HDMI and internet connected devices. Our proprietary software automatically detects, identifies and enables the appropriate control commands for any given home entertainment, automation and air conditioning device in the home. Our library is continuously updated with device control codes used in newly introduced AV and Internet of Things ("IoT") devices. These control codes are captured directly from the remote control devices or the manufacturer's written specifications to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the database. Our proprietary software and know-how permit us to offer a device control code database that is more robust and efficient than similarly priced products of our competitors. Our goal is to provide universal control solutions that require minimal or no user set-up and deliver consistent and intuitive one-touch control of all connected content sources and devices. QuickSet® is a software application that is currently embedded in millions of devices worldwide. QuickSet may be embedded in an AV device, set-top box, or other host device, or delivered as a Cloud-based service to enable universal remote setup and control. QuickSet enables universal remote control set-up using automated and guided on-screen instructions and a wireless two-way communication link between the remote and the QuickSet enabled device. The two-way connection allows device control code data and configuration settings to be sent to the remote control from the device and greatly simplifies the universal remote control set-up process and can enable other time saving features. QuickSet utilizes data transmitted over HDMI or IP networks to automatically detect various attributes of the connected device and downloads the appropriate control codes and functions into the remote control without the need for the user to enter any additional information. The user does not need to know the brand or model number to set up the device in the remote. Any compatible new device that is connected is recognized. Consumers can quickly and easily set up their remotes to control multiple devices. Recently added features in QuickSet address common consumer challenges in universal device control, such as mode confusion and input switching. With QuickSet consumers switch easily between activities and reliably view their chosen content source with a single touch. QuickSet handles the device-specific control requirements. Licensees of QuickSet include service providers such as Comcast, DIRECTV and Echostar Technologies; smart TV manufacturers such as Sony and Samsung; leading game console manufacturer Microsoft on their Xbox One game system; and mobile and tablet device manufacturers Samsung, LG, OPPO, Huawei and LeTV on some of their mobile handset platforms. Smart devices are becoming a more prevalent part of the home entertainment experience, and UEI offers several solutions to enable entertainment device control with a smart phone, tablet or smart TV. In its smart device control solutions, UEI offers all of the elements needed for device control from the IR microcontroller to the device control database to the user interface for the touchscreen. Nevo® is a UEI-designed and developed universal control suite of applications designed for Android and iOS tablets and smart phones that UEI has released and that is currently available for download at Google Play and the Apple App Store. Methods of Distribution 16 3 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 16 4/12/17 2:38 PM 4 countries in which such products are sold. These registrations are valid for terms ranging up to 20 years and may be renewed as long as the trademarks continue to be used and are deemed by management to be important to our operations. While we follow the practice of obtaining patent, copyright and trademark registrations on new developments whenever advisable, in certain cases we have elected common law trade secret protection in lieu of obtaining such other protection. A key factor in creating products and software for control of entertainment devices is the device control code database. Since our beginning in 1986, we have compiled an extensive device control code database library that covers nearly one million individual device functions and approximately 7,900 individual consumer electronic equipment brand names, including virtually all IR controlled set-top boxes, televisions, audio components, DVD players, Blu-Ray players, CD players, other remote controlled home entertainment devices and home automation control modules, and wired Consumer Electronics Control ("CEC") and wireless Internet Protocol ("IP") control protocols commonly found on many of the latest HDMI and internet connected devices. Our proprietary software automatically detects, identifies and enables the appropriate control commands for any given home entertainment, automation and air conditioning device in the home. Our library is continuously updated with device control codes used in newly introduced AV and Internet of Things ("IoT") devices. These control codes are captured directly from the remote control devices or the manufacturer's written specifications to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the database. Our proprietary software and know-how permit us to offer a device control code database that is more robust and efficient than similarly priced products of our competitors. Our goal is to provide universal control solutions that require minimal or no user set-up and deliver consistent and intuitive one-touch control of all connected content sources and devices. QuickSet® is a software application that is currently embedded in millions of devices worldwide. QuickSet may be embedded in an AV device, set-top box, or other host device, or delivered as a Cloud-based service to enable universal remote setup and control. QuickSet enables universal remote control set-up using automated and guided on-screen instructions and a wireless two-way communication link between the remote and the QuickSet enabled device. The two-way connection allows device control code data and configuration settings to be sent to the remote control from the device and greatly simplifies the universal remote control set-up process and can enable other time saving features. QuickSet utilizes data transmitted over HDMI or IP networks to automatically detect various attributes of the connected device and downloads the appropriate control codes and functions into the remote control without the need for the user to enter any additional information. The user does not need to know the brand or model number to set up the device in the remote. Any compatible new device that is connected is recognized. Consumers can quickly and easily set up their remotes to control multiple devices. Recently added features in QuickSet address common consumer challenges in universal device control, such as mode confusion and input switching. With QuickSet consumers switch easily between activities and reliably view their chosen content source with a single touch. QuickSet handles the device-specific control requirements. Licensees of QuickSet include service providers such as Comcast, DIRECTV and Echostar Technologies; smart TV manufacturers such as Sony and Samsung; leading game console manufacturer Microsoft on their Xbox One game system; and mobile and tablet device manufacturers Samsung, LG, OPPO, Huawei and LeTV on some of their mobile handset platforms. Smart devices are becoming a more prevalent part of the home entertainment experience, and UEI offers several solutions to enable entertainment device control with a smart phone, tablet or smart TV. In its smart device control solutions, UEI offers all of the elements needed for device control from the IR microcontroller to the device control database to the user interface for the touchscreen. Nevo® is a UEI-designed and developed universal control suite of applications designed for Android and iOS tablets and smart phones that UEI has released and that is currently available for download at Google Play and the Apple App Store. countries in which such products are sold. These registrations are valid for terms ranging up to 20 years and may be renewed as Methods of Distribution Our distribution methods for our remote control devices are dependent on the sales channel. We distribute remote control 3 devices, sensors and AV accessories directly to subscription broadcasters and OEMs, both domestically and internationally. We currently also distribute home security sensors to pro-security installers in the United States through a network of dealers. Outside of North America, we sell our wireless control devices and AV accessories under the One For All® and private label brand names to retailers through our international subsidiaries. We utilize third-party distributors for the retail channel in countries where we do not have subsidiaries. We have developed a broad portfolio of patented technologies and the industry's leading database of device control codes. We ship integrated circuits, on which our software and control code database are embedded, directly to manufacturers for inclusion in their products. In addition, we license our software and technology to manufacturers. Licenses are delivered upon the transfer of a product master or on a per unit basis when the software or technology is used in a customer device. We provide domestic and international consumer support to our various universal remote control marketers, including manufacturers, cable and satellite providers, retail distributors, and audio and video OEMs through our live and automated call centers. We also make available a web-based support resource, www.urcsupport.com, designed specifically for subscription broadcasters. This solution offers videos and online tools to help users easily set up their universal remote, and as a result reduce call volume at customer support centers. Additionally, the UEI Technical Support Services call center provides customer interaction management services from technical service and support to customer retention. Services include pre-repair calls, post-install surveys, and inbound calls for cable customers to provide greater bottom-line efficiencies. 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 17 4 17 4/12/17 2:38 PM long as the trademarks continue to be used and are deemed by management to be important to our operations. While we follow the practice of obtaining patent, copyright and trademark registrations on new developments whenever advisable, in certain cases we have elected common law trade secret protection in lieu of obtaining such other protection. A key factor in creating products and software for control of entertainment devices is the device control code database. Since our beginning in 1986, we have compiled an extensive device control code database library that covers nearly one million individual device functions and approximately 7,900 individual consumer electronic equipment brand names, including virtually all IR controlled set-top boxes, televisions, audio components, DVD players, Blu-Ray players, CD players, other remote controlled home entertainment devices and home automation control modules, and wired Consumer Electronics Control ("CEC") and wireless Internet Protocol ("IP") control protocols commonly found on many of the latest HDMI and internet connected devices. Our proprietary software automatically detects, identifies and enables the appropriate control commands for any given home entertainment, automation and air conditioning device in the home. Our library is continuously updated with device control codes used in newly introduced AV and Internet of Things ("IoT") devices. These control codes are captured directly from the remote control devices or the manufacturer's written specifications to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the database. Our proprietary software and know-how permit us to offer a device control code database that is more robust and efficient than similarly priced products of our competitors. Our goal is to provide universal control solutions that require minimal or no user set-up and deliver consistent and intuitive one-touch control of all connected content sources and devices. QuickSet® is a software application that is currently embedded in millions of devices worldwide. QuickSet may be embedded in an AV device, set-top box, or other host device, or delivered as a Cloud-based service to enable universal remote setup and control. QuickSet enables universal remote control set-up using automated and guided on-screen instructions and a wireless two-way communication link between the remote and the QuickSet enabled device. The two-way connection allows device control code data and configuration settings to be sent to the remote control from the device and greatly simplifies the universal remote control set-up process and can enable other time saving features. QuickSet utilizes data transmitted over HDMI or IP networks to automatically detect various attributes of the connected device and downloads the appropriate control codes and functions into the remote control without the need for the user to enter any additional information. The user does not need to know the brand or model number to set up the device in the remote. Any compatible new device that is connected is recognized. Consumers can quickly and easily set up their remotes to control multiple devices. Recently added features in QuickSet address common consumer challenges in universal device control, such as mode confusion and input switching. With QuickSet consumers switch easily between activities and reliably view their chosen content source with a single touch. QuickSet handles the device-specific control requirements. Licensees of QuickSet include service providers such as Comcast, DIRECTV and Echostar Technologies; smart TV manufacturers such as Sony and Samsung; leading game console manufacturer Microsoft on their Xbox One game system; and mobile and tablet device manufacturers Samsung, LG, OPPO, Huawei and LeTV on some of their mobile handset platforms. Smart devices are becoming a more prevalent part of the home entertainment experience, and UEI offers several solutions to enable entertainment device control with a smart phone, tablet or smart TV. In its smart device control solutions, UEI offers all of the elements needed for device control from the IR microcontroller to the device control database to the user interface for the touchscreen. Nevo® is a UEI-designed and developed universal control suite of applications designed for Android and iOS tablets and smart phones that UEI has released and that is currently available for download at Google Play and the Apple App Store. Methods of Distribution 3 Our 23 international subsidiaries are the following: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • C.G. Development Ltd., established in Hong Kong; CG Mexico Remote Controls, S. de R.L. de C.V., established in Mexico; Enson Assets Ltd., established in the British Virgin Islands; Gemstar Polyfirst Ltd., established in Hong Kong; Gemstar Technology (China) Co. Ltd., established in the PRC; Gemstar Technology (Qinzhou) Co. Ltd., established in the PRC; Gemstar Technology (Yangzhou) Co. Ltd., established in the PRC; Guangzhou Universal Electronics Service Co., Ltd., established in the PRC; One For All Argentina S.R.L., established in Argentina; One For All France S.A.S., established in France; One For All GmbH, established in Germany; One for All Iberia S.L., established in Spain; One For All UK Ltd., established in the United Kingdom; UE Japan Ltd., established in Japan; UE Singapore Pte. Ltd., established in Singapore; UEI Cayman Inc., established in the Cayman Islands; UEI do Brasil Controles Remotos Ltda., established in Brazil; UEI Electronics Pte. Ltd., established in India; UEI Hong Kong Pte. Ltd., established in Hong Kong; Universal Electronics B.V., established in the Netherlands; Universal Electronics Italia S.R.L., established in Italy; Universal Electronics Trading Co., Ltd., established in the PRC; and Universal Electronics Yangzhou Co. Ltd., established in the PRC; Raw Materials and Dependence on Suppliers We utilize our own manufacturing plants and third-party manufacturers and suppliers primarily located within the PRC to produce our remote control and sensor products. In 2016, Texas Instruments provided 11.7% of our total inventory purchases. In 2015, no single supplier provided more than 10% of our total inventory purchases. In 2014, Maxim Integrated Products International Limited provided 10.7% of our total inventory purchases. Even though we operate three factories in the PRC and assembly plants in Brazil and Mexico, we continue to evaluate additional contract manufacturers and sources of supply. During 2016, we utilized multiple contract manufacturers and maintained duplicate tooling for certain of our products. Where possible we utilize standard parts and components, which are available from multiple sources. During 2016, our advanced engineering efforts focused on further developing our existing products, services and technologies. We released software updates to our embedded QuickSet application, and continued development initiatives around emerging RF technologies, such as RF4CE, Bluetooth, and Bluetooth Smart. Additionally, we released several new advanced remote control products that incorporate voice search capabilities in our subscription broadcast and OEM channels. We continually seek additional sources to reduce our dependence on our integrated circuit suppliers. To further manage our integrated circuit supplier dependence, we include flash microcontroller technology in most of our products. Flash Our personnel are involved with various industry organizations and bodies, which are in the process of setting standards for IR, RF, power line, telephone and cable communications and networking in the home. Because of the nature of research and 18 5 6 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 18 4/12/17 2:38 PM microcontrollers can have shorter lead times than standard microcontrollers and may be reprogrammed, if necessary. This allows us flexibility during any unforeseen shipping delays and has the added benefit of potentially reducing excess and obsolete inventory exposure. This diversification lessens our dependence on any one supplier and allows us to negotiate more favorable terms. Seasonality Competition Historically, our business has been influenced by the retail sales cycle, with increased sales in the second half of the year. We expect this pattern to be repeated during 2017. See "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 23" for further details regarding our quarterly results. Our principal competitors in the subscription broadcasting market are Remote Solutions, Omni Remotes (formerly Philips Home Control Singapore PTE, Ltd.), SMK, and Universal Remote Control. In the international retail and private label markets for wireless controls we compete with Logitech, Omni Remotes, Ruwido and Sony, as well as various manufacturers of wireless controls in Asia. Our primary competitors in the OEM market are the original equipment manufacturers themselves and wireless control manufacturers in Asia. In home security, safety and automation, we offer universal sub-gigahertz products that are compatible with the top security panel manufacturers, such as Honeywell, GE, Tyco/DSC and 2GIG. We compete in our markets on the basis of product quality, features, price, intellectual property and customer support. We believe that we will need to continue to introduce new and innovative products and software solutions to remain competitive and to recruit and retain competent personnel to successfully accomplish our future objectives. Engineering, Research and Development During 2016, our engineering efforts focused on the following: broadening our product portfolio; • • • • • • sensing. launching new embedded software solutions designed to simplify set-up and control features; • modifying existing products and technologies to improve features and lower costs; formulating measures to protect our proprietary technology and general know-how; improving our control solutions software; updating our library of device codes to include codes for new features and devices introduced worldwide; and creating innovative products that address consumer challenges in home entertainment control and security Our 23 international subsidiaries are the following: • C.G. Development Ltd., established in Hong Kong; • CG Mexico Remote Controls, S. de R.L. de C.V., established in Mexico; • Enson Assets Ltd., established in the British Virgin Islands; • Gemstar Polyfirst Ltd., established in Hong Kong; • Gemstar Technology (China) Co. Ltd., established in the PRC; • Gemstar Technology (Qinzhou) Co. Ltd., established in the PRC; • Gemstar Technology (Yangzhou) Co. Ltd., established in the PRC; • Guangzhou Universal Electronics Service Co., Ltd., established in the PRC; • One For All Argentina S.R.L., established in Argentina; • One For All France S.A.S., established in France; • One For All GmbH, established in Germany; • One for All Iberia S.L., established in Spain; • One For All UK Ltd., established in the United Kingdom; • UE Japan Ltd., established in Japan; • UE Singapore Pte. Ltd., established in Singapore; • UEI Cayman Inc., established in the Cayman Islands; • UEI do Brasil Controles Remotos Ltda., established in Brazil; • UEI Electronics Pte. Ltd., established in India; • UEI Hong Kong Pte. Ltd., established in Hong Kong; • Universal Electronics B.V., established in the Netherlands; • Universal Electronics Italia S.R.L., established in Italy; • Universal Electronics Trading Co., Ltd., established in the PRC; and • Universal Electronics Yangzhou Co. Ltd., established in the PRC; Raw Materials and Dependence on Suppliers We utilize our own manufacturing plants and third-party manufacturers and suppliers primarily located within the PRC to produce our remote control and sensor products. In 2016, Texas Instruments provided 11.7% of our total inventory purchases. In 2015, no single supplier provided more than 10% of our total inventory purchases. In 2014, Maxim Integrated Products International Limited provided 10.7% of our total inventory purchases. microcontrollers can have shorter lead times than standard microcontrollers and may be reprogrammed, if necessary. This allows us flexibility during any unforeseen shipping delays and has the added benefit of potentially reducing excess and obsolete inventory exposure. This diversification lessens our dependence on any one supplier and allows us to negotiate more favorable terms. Seasonality Historically, our business has been influenced by the retail sales cycle, with increased sales in the second half of the year. We expect this pattern to be repeated during 2017. See "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 23" for further details regarding our quarterly results. Competition Our principal competitors in the subscription broadcasting market are Remote Solutions, Omni Remotes (formerly Philips Home Control Singapore PTE, Ltd.), SMK, and Universal Remote Control. In the international retail and private label markets for wireless controls we compete with Logitech, Omni Remotes, Ruwido and Sony, as well as various manufacturers of wireless controls in Asia. Our primary competitors in the OEM market are the original equipment manufacturers themselves and wireless control manufacturers in Asia. In home security, safety and automation, we offer universal sub-gigahertz products that are compatible with the top security panel manufacturers, such as Honeywell, GE, Tyco/DSC and 2GIG. We compete in our markets on the basis of product quality, features, price, intellectual property and customer support. We believe that we will need to continue to introduce new and innovative products and software solutions to remain competitive and to recruit and retain competent personnel to successfully accomplish our future objectives. Engineering, Research and Development During 2016, our engineering efforts focused on the following: • broadening our product portfolio; • launching new embedded software solutions designed to simplify set-up and control features; • modifying existing products and technologies to improve features and lower costs; • • formulating measures to protect our proprietary technology and general know-how; improving our control solutions software; • updating our library of device codes to include codes for new features and devices introduced worldwide; and • creating innovative products that address consumer challenges in home entertainment control and security sensing. Even though we operate three factories in the PRC and assembly plants in Brazil and Mexico, we continue to evaluate additional contract manufacturers and sources of supply. During 2016, we utilized multiple contract manufacturers and maintained duplicate tooling for certain of our products. Where possible we utilize standard parts and components, which are available from multiple sources. During 2016, our advanced engineering efforts focused on further developing our existing products, services and technologies. We released software updates to our embedded QuickSet application, and continued development initiatives around emerging RF technologies, such as RF4CE, Bluetooth, and Bluetooth Smart. Additionally, we released several new advanced remote control products that incorporate voice search capabilities in our subscription broadcast and OEM channels. We continually seek additional sources to reduce our dependence on our integrated circuit suppliers. To further manage our integrated circuit supplier dependence, we include flash microcontroller technology in most of our products. Flash Our personnel are involved with various industry organizations and bodies, which are in the process of setting standards for IR, RF, power line, telephone and cable communications and networking in the home. Because of the nature of research and 5 6 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 19 19 4/12/17 2:38 PM representative organizations are good. International Operations Financial information relating to our international operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 is incorporated by reference to "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 15". development activities, there can be no assurance that any of our research and development projects will be successfully completed or ultimately achieve commercial success. Our expenditures on engineering, research and development were: Sindicato Industrial de Trabajadores de Nuevo León adherido a la Federación Nacional de Sindicatos Independientes. Our business units are subject to various laws and regulations relating to their relationships with their employees. These laws and regulations are specific to the location of each business unit. We believe that our relationships with employees and their (In millions): Research and development Engineering (1) Total engineering, research and development 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 19.9 $ 10.5 30.4 $ 18.1 $ 9.5 27.6 $ 17.0 9.8 26.8 (1) Engineering costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Environmental Matters Many of our products are subject to various federal, state, local and international laws governing chemical substances in products, including laws regulating the manufacture and distribution of chemical substances and laws restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products. We may incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions, third-party damages or personal injury claims, if we were to violate or become liable under environmental laws or if our products become non-compliant with environmental laws. We also face increasing complexity in our product design and procurement operations as we adjust to new and future requirements relating to the materials composition of our products. We may also face significant costs and liabilities in connection with product take-back legislation. The European Union's Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive ("WEEE") makes producers of electrical goods financially responsible for specified collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of past and future covered products. Our European subsidiaries are WEEE compliant. Similar legislation has been or may be enacted in other jurisdictions, including in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the PRC and Japan. We believe that we have materially complied with all currently existing international and domestic federal, state and local statutes and regulations regarding environmental standards and occupational safety and health matters to which we are subject. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the amounts incurred in complying with federal, state and local statutes and regulations pertaining to environmental standards and occupational safety and health laws and regulations did not materially affect our earnings or financial condition. However, future events, such as changes in existing laws and regulations or enforcement policies, may give rise to additional compliance costs that may have a material adverse effect upon our capital expenditures, earnings or financial condition. Employees At December 31, 2016, we employed 3,103 employees, of which 512 worked in engineering and research and development, 106 in sales and marketing, 71 in consumer service and support, 2,096 in operations and warehousing and 318 in executive and administrative functions. In addition, our factories in the PRC and our Asian operations employed an additional 6,921 staff contracted through agency agreements. Labor unions represent approximately 13.8% of our 3,103 employees. Some unionized workers, employed in Manaus, Brazil, are represented under contract with the Sindicato dos Trabalhadores nas Industrias Metalugicas, Mecanicas e de Materiais Eletricos de Manaus. Other unionized workers, employed in Monterrey, Mexico, are represented under contract with the 20 7 8 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 20 4/12/17 2:38 PM Sindicato Industrial de Trabajadores de Nuevo León adherido a la Federación Nacional de Sindicatos Independientes. Our business units are subject to various laws and regulations relating to their relationships with their employees. These laws and regulations are specific to the location of each business unit. We believe that our relationships with employees and their representative organizations are good. International Operations Financial information relating to our international operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 is incorporated by reference to "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 15". development activities, there can be no assurance that any of our research and development projects will be successfully completed or ultimately achieve commercial success. Our expenditures on engineering, research and development were: (In millions): Research and development Engineering (1) Total engineering, research and development 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 19.9 $ 10.5 30.4 $ 18.1 $ 9.5 27.6 $ 17.0 9.8 26.8 (1) Engineering costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Environmental Matters Many of our products are subject to various federal, state, local and international laws governing chemical substances in products, including laws regulating the manufacture and distribution of chemical substances and laws restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products. We may incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines and civil or criminal sanctions, third-party damages or personal injury claims, if we were to violate or become liable under environmental laws or if our products become non-compliant with environmental laws. We also face increasing complexity in our product design and procurement operations as we adjust to new and future requirements relating to the materials composition of our products. We may also face significant costs and liabilities in connection with product take-back legislation. The European Union's Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive ("WEEE") makes producers of electrical goods financially responsible for specified collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of past and future covered products. Our European subsidiaries are WEEE compliant. Similar legislation has been or may be enacted in other jurisdictions, including in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the PRC and Japan. We believe that we have materially complied with all currently existing international and domestic federal, state and local statutes and regulations regarding environmental standards and occupational safety and health matters to which we are subject. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the amounts incurred in complying with federal, state and local statutes and regulations pertaining to environmental standards and occupational safety and health laws and regulations did not materially affect our earnings or financial condition. However, future events, such as changes in existing laws and regulations or enforcement policies, may give rise to additional compliance costs that may have a material adverse effect upon our capital expenditures, earnings or financial condition. Employees At December 31, 2016, we employed 3,103 employees, of which 512 worked in engineering and research and development, 106 in sales and marketing, 71 in consumer service and support, 2,096 in operations and warehousing and 318 in executive and administrative functions. In addition, our factories in the PRC and our Asian operations employed an additional 6,921 staff contracted through agency agreements. Labor unions represent approximately 13.8% of our 3,103 employees. Some unionized workers, employed in Manaus, Brazil, are represented under contract with the Sindicato dos Trabalhadores nas Industrias Metalugicas, Mecanicas e de Materiais Eletricos de Manaus. Other unionized workers, employed in Monterrey, Mexico, are represented under contract with the 7 8 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 21 21 4/12/17 2:38 PM RISK FACTORS Forward-Looking Statements We make forward-looking statements in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere in this report based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management and on information currently available to us. Forward-looking statements include information about our possible or assumed future results of operations, which follow under the headings "Business", "Liquidity and Capital Resources", and other statements throughout this report preceded by, followed by or that include the words "believes", "expects", "anticipates", "intends", "plans", "estimates" or similar expressions. Any number of risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those we express in our forward- looking statements, including the risks and uncertainties we describe below and other factors we describe from time to time in our periodic filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). We therefore caution you not to rely unduly on any forward-looking statement. The forward-looking statements in this report speak only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise. Risks and Uncertainties We are subject to various risks that could have a negative effect on us or on our financial condition. You should understand that these risks could cause results to differ materially from those we express in forward-looking statements contained in this report or in other Company communications. Because there is no way to determine in advance whether, or to what extent, any present uncertainty will ultimately impact our business, you should give equal weight to each of the following: Risks Related to Doing Business in the PRC We manufacture a majority of our products in our factories in the PRC. Additionally, many of our contract manufacturers are located in the PRC. Doing business in the PRC carries a number of risks including the following: Changes in the policies of the PRC government may have a significant impact upon the business we may be able to conduct in the PRC and the profitability of such business. Our business operations may be adversely affected by the current and future political environment in the PRC. The government of the PRC has exercised and continues to exercise substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy, through regulation and state ownership. Our ability to operate in the PRC may be adversely affected by changes in Chinese laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, labor and social insurance, import and export tariffs, raw materials, environmental regulations, land use rights, property and other matters. The PRC laws and regulations governing our current business operations are sometimes vague and uncertain. Any changes in such PRC laws and regulations may harm our business. There are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC laws and regulations, including but not limited to the laws and regulations governing our business, or the enforcement and performance of our arrangements with customers in the event of the imposition of statutory liens, death, bankruptcy and criminal proceedings. We cannot predict what effect the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations may have on our business. If the relevant authorities find that we are in violation of PRC laws or regulations, they would have broad discretion in dealing with such a violation, including, without limitation: levying fines; • • • • revoking our business and other licenses; requiring that we restructure our ownership or operations; and requiring that we discontinue any portion or all of our business. The fluctuation of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi may harm your investment. Under Chinese monetary policy, the Chinese Yuan Renminbi is permitted to fluctuate within a managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies and has resulted in a 16.9% appreciation of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi against the U.S. Dollar through December 31, 2016. While the international reaction to the Chinese Yuan Renminbi revaluation has been positive, there remains international pressure on the PRC government to adopt an even more flexible currency policy, which may result in a further and more significant appreciation of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi against the U.S. Dollar, which could lead to higher manufacturing costs for our products. The PRC's legal and judicial system may not adequately protect our business and operations and the rights of foreign investors. The PRC legal and judicial system may negatively impact foreign investors, with enforcement of existing laws inconsistent. In addition, the promulgation of new laws, changes to existing laws and the pre-emption of local regulations by national laws may adversely affect foreign investors. Availability of adequate workforce levels Presently, the vast majority of workers at our PRC factories are obtained from third-party employment agencies. As the labor laws, social insurance and wage levels continue to mature and grow and the workers become more sophisticated, our costs to employ these and other workers in the PRC may grow beyond that anticipated by management. In addition, as the PRC market continues to open up and grow, with the advent of more companies opening plants and businesses in the PRC, we may experience an increase in competition for the same workers, resulting in either an inability to attract and retain an adequate number of qualified workers or an increase in our employment costs to obtain and retain these workers. As our global business grows, we may decide to expand in China to meet demand. This would be dependent on our ability to locate suitable facilities to support this expansion, to obtain the necessary permits and funding, to attract and retain adequate levels of qualified workers, and to enter into a long-term land lease that is common in the PRC. Expansion in the PRC Sale of Guangzhou factory On September 26, 2016, we entered into an agreement to sell our Guangzhou manufacturing facility. The sale is expected to close in 2018. In anticipation of a successful closing of the sale, we have been transitioning manufacturing activities from this factory to our other three China factories. However, if we are unable to successfully complete this transition as anticipated or are unable to obtain necessary personnel at our other factories, this could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Additionally, if the sale does not close, we may incur unexpected costs associated with an unutilized factory, we may incur additional costs to sell the factory to another buyer, and we may be forced to sell the factory at a less favorable price. 22 9 10 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 22 4/12/17 2:38 PM RISK FACTORS Forward-Looking Statements We make forward-looking statements in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and elsewhere in this report based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management and on information currently available to us. Forward-looking statements include information about our possible or assumed future results of operations, which follow under the headings "Business", "Liquidity and Capital Resources", and other statements throughout this report preceded by, followed by or that include the words "believes", "expects", "anticipates", "intends", "plans", "estimates" or similar expressions. Any number of risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those we express in our forward- looking statements, including the risks and uncertainties we describe below and other factors we describe from time to time in our periodic filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). We therefore caution you not to rely unduly on any forward-looking statement. The forward-looking statements in this report speak only as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise. Risks and Uncertainties We are subject to various risks that could have a negative effect on us or on our financial condition. You should understand that these risks could cause results to differ materially from those we express in forward-looking statements contained in this report or in other Company communications. Because there is no way to determine in advance whether, or to what extent, any present uncertainty will ultimately impact our business, you should give equal weight to each of the following: Risks Related to Doing Business in the PRC We manufacture a majority of our products in our factories in the PRC. Additionally, many of our contract manufacturers are located in the PRC. Doing business in the PRC carries a number of risks including the following: Changes in the policies of the PRC government may have a significant impact upon the business we may be able to conduct in the PRC and the profitability of such business. Our business operations may be adversely affected by the current and future political environment in the PRC. The government of the PRC has exercised and continues to exercise substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy, through regulation and state ownership. Our ability to operate in the PRC may be adversely affected by changes in Chinese laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, labor and social insurance, import and export tariffs, raw materials, environmental regulations, land use rights, property and other matters. The PRC laws and regulations governing our current business operations are sometimes vague and uncertain. Any changes in such PRC laws and regulations may harm our business. There are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC laws and regulations, including but not limited to the laws and regulations governing our business, or the enforcement and performance of our arrangements with customers in the event of the imposition of statutory liens, death, bankruptcy and criminal proceedings. We cannot predict what effect the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations may have on our business. If the relevant authorities find that we are in violation of PRC laws or regulations, they would have broad discretion in dealing with such a violation, including, without limitation: • • • • levying fines; revoking our business and other licenses; requiring that we restructure our ownership or operations; and requiring that we discontinue any portion or all of our business. The fluctuation of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi may harm your investment. Under Chinese monetary policy, the Chinese Yuan Renminbi is permitted to fluctuate within a managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies and has resulted in a 16.9% appreciation of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi against the U.S. Dollar through December 31, 2016. While the international reaction to the Chinese Yuan Renminbi revaluation has been positive, there remains international pressure on the PRC government to adopt an even more flexible currency policy, which may result in a further and more significant appreciation of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi against the U.S. Dollar, which could lead to higher manufacturing costs for our products. The PRC's legal and judicial system may not adequately protect our business and operations and the rights of foreign investors. The PRC legal and judicial system may negatively impact foreign investors, with enforcement of existing laws inconsistent. In addition, the promulgation of new laws, changes to existing laws and the pre-emption of local regulations by national laws may adversely affect foreign investors. Availability of adequate workforce levels Presently, the vast majority of workers at our PRC factories are obtained from third-party employment agencies. As the labor laws, social insurance and wage levels continue to mature and grow and the workers become more sophisticated, our costs to employ these and other workers in the PRC may grow beyond that anticipated by management. In addition, as the PRC market continues to open up and grow, with the advent of more companies opening plants and businesses in the PRC, we may experience an increase in competition for the same workers, resulting in either an inability to attract and retain an adequate number of qualified workers or an increase in our employment costs to obtain and retain these workers. Expansion in the PRC As our global business grows, we may decide to expand in China to meet demand. This would be dependent on our ability to locate suitable facilities to support this expansion, to obtain the necessary permits and funding, to attract and retain adequate levels of qualified workers, and to enter into a long-term land lease that is common in the PRC. Sale of Guangzhou factory On September 26, 2016, we entered into an agreement to sell our Guangzhou manufacturing facility. The sale is expected to close in 2018. In anticipation of a successful closing of the sale, we have been transitioning manufacturing activities from this factory to our other three China factories. However, if we are unable to successfully complete this transition as anticipated or are unable to obtain necessary personnel at our other factories, this could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Additionally, if the sale does not close, we may incur unexpected costs associated with an unutilized factory, we may incur additional costs to sell the factory to another buyer, and we may be forced to sell the factory at a less favorable price. 9 10 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 23 23 4/12/17 2:38 PM Risks and Uncertainties Associated with Our Expansion Into and Our Operations Outside of the United States May Adversely Affect Our Results of Operations, Cash Flow, Liquidity or Financial Condition Financial Condition. Fluctuations in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates May Adversely Affect Our Results of Operations, Cash Flow, Liquidity or Net external sales of our consolidated foreign subsidiaries totaled approximately 41.0%, 43.5% and 55.2% of our total consolidated net sales in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. We expect that the international share of our total revenues will continue to make up a significant part of our current business and future strategic plans. Additionally, we operate factories in the PRC, Brazil and Mexico, as well as an engineering center in India. As a result, we are increasingly exposed to the challenges and risks of doing business outside the United States, which could reduce our revenues or profits, increase our costs, result in significant liabilities or sanctions, or otherwise disrupt our business. These challenges include: (1) compliance with complex and changing laws, regulations and policies of governments that may impact our operations, such as foreign ownership restrictions, import and export controls, tariffs, and trade restrictions; (2) compliance with U.S. and foreign laws that affect the activities of companies abroad, such as anti-corruption laws, competition laws, currency regulations, and laws affecting dealings with certain nations; (3) limitations on our ability to repatriate non-U.S. earnings in a tax effective manner; (4) the difficulties involved in managing an organization doing business in many different countries; (5) uncertainties as to the enforceability of contract and intellectual property rights under local laws; (6) rapid changes in government policy, political or civil unrest in the Middle East and elsewhere, acts of terrorism, or the threat of international boycotts or U.S. anti-boycott legislation; and (7) currency exchange rate fluctuations. We are also exposed to risks relating to U.S. policy with respect to companies doing business in foreign jurisdictions, particularly in light of the new U.S. presidential administration. Legislation or other changes in the U.S. tax laws could increase our U.S. income tax liability and adversely affect our after-tax profitability. For example, U.S. lawmakers are considering several U.S. corporate tax reform proposals, including, among others, proposals which could reduce or eliminate U.S. income tax deferrals on unrepatriated foreign earnings and eliminate tax incentives in exchange for a lower U.S. statutory tax rate. In addition, the new U.S. presidential administration has introduced greater uncertainty with respect to future tax, trade regulations and trade agreements. Changes in tax policy, trade regulations or trade agreements, such as the disallowance of tax deductions on imported merchandise or the imposition of new tariffs on imported products, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Failure by Our International Operations to Comply With Anti-Corruption Laws or Trade Sanctions Could Increase Our Costs, Reduce Our Profits, Limit Our Growth, Harm Our Reputation, or Subject us to Broader Liability We are subject to restrictions imposed by the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and anti-corruption laws and regulations of other countries applicable to our operations. Anti-corruption laws and regulations generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials or other persons in order to receive or retain business. The compliance programs, internal controls and policies we maintain and enforce to promote compliance with applicable anti- bribery and anti-corruption laws may not prevent our associates, contractors or agents from acting in ways prohibited by these laws and regulations. We are also subject to trade sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control and the U.S. Department of Commerce. Our compliance programs and internal controls also may not prevent conduct that is prohibited under these rules. The United States may impose additional sanctions at any time against any country in which or with whom we do business. Depending on the nature of the sanctions imposed, our operations in the relevant country could be restricted or otherwise adversely affected. Any violations of anti-corruption laws and regulations or trade sanctions could result in significant civil and criminal penalties, reduce our profits, disrupt our business or damage our reputation. In addition, an imposition of further restrictions in these areas could increase our cost of operations, reduce our profits or cause us to forgo development opportunities that would otherwise support growth. 24 11 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 24 4/12/17 2:38 PM Because of our international operations, we are exposed to risk associated with interest rates and value changes in foreign currencies, which may adversely affect our business. Historically, our reported net sales, earnings, cash flow and financial condition have been subjected to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Our primary exchange rate exposure is in the Argentinian Peso, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, Hong Kong Dollar, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen and Mexican Peso. While we actively manage the exposure of our foreign currency risk as part of our overall financial risk management policy, we believe we may experience losses from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, and such losses may adversely affect our sales, earnings, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition. Risks Relating to Natural or Man-made Disasters, Contagious Disease, Terrorist Activity, and War May Adversely Affect Our Business, Financial Condition and Results of Operations Our ability, including manufacturing or distribution capabilities, and that of our suppliers, business partners and contract manufacturers, to make, move and sell products is critical to our success. So called “Acts of God,” such as hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters, as well as the potential spread of contagious diseases such as MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), Zika virus, and Ebola in locations where we or they own or operate significant operations could cause a disruption in our or our third party’s production and distribution capabilities or a decline in demand for our products and services. In addition, actual or threatened war, terrorist activity, political unrest, or civil strife, such as recent events in Ukraine and Russia, the Middle East, and other geopolitical uncertainty could have a similar effect. Any one or more of these events may reduce our ability to produce or sell our products which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as require additional resources to restore our supply chain. Dependence on Foreign Manufacturing Although we own and operate factories in the PRC, Brazil and Mexico, third-party manufacturers located in Asia continue to manufacture a portion of our products. Our arrangements with these foreign manufacturers are subject to the risks of doing business abroad, such as tariffs, environmental and trade restrictions, intellectual property protection and enforcement, export license requirements, work stoppages, political and social instability, economic and labor conditions, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, changes in laws and policies (including fiscal policies), and other factors, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows. We believe that the loss of any one or more of our manufacturers would not have a long-term material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows, because numerous other manufacturers are available to fulfill our requirements; however, the loss of any of our major manufacturers may adversely affect our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows until alternative manufacturing arrangements are secured. Dependence upon Key Suppliers Most of the components used in our products are available from multiple sources. However, we purchase integrated circuits, used principally in our wireless control products, from a small number of key suppliers. To reduce our dependence on our integrated circuit suppliers we continually seek additional sources. We maintain inventories of our integrated circuits, which may be used in part to mitigate, but not eliminate, delays resulting from supply interruptions. We have identified alternative sources of supply for our integrated circuit, component parts, and finished goods needs; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to obtain these inventory purchases on a timely basis. Any extended 12 Net external sales of our consolidated foreign subsidiaries totaled approximately 41.0%, 43.5% and 55.2% of our total consolidated net sales in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. We expect that the international share of our total revenues will continue to make up a significant part of our current business and future strategic plans. Additionally, we operate factories in the PRC, Brazil and Mexico, as well as an engineering center in India. As a result, we are increasingly exposed to the challenges and risks of doing business outside the United States, which could reduce our revenues or profits, increase our costs, result in significant liabilities or sanctions, or otherwise disrupt our business. These challenges include: (1) compliance with complex and changing laws, regulations and policies of governments that may impact our operations, such as foreign ownership restrictions, import and export controls, tariffs, and trade restrictions; (2) compliance with U.S. and foreign laws that affect the activities of companies abroad, such as anti-corruption laws, competition laws, currency regulations, and laws affecting dealings with certain nations; (3) limitations on our ability to repatriate non-U.S. earnings in a tax effective manner; (4) the difficulties involved in managing an organization doing business in many different countries; (5) uncertainties as to the enforceability of contract and intellectual property rights under local laws; (6) rapid changes in government policy, political or civil unrest in the Middle East and elsewhere, acts of terrorism, or the threat of international boycotts or U.S. anti-boycott legislation; and (7) currency exchange rate fluctuations. We are also exposed to risks relating to U.S. policy with respect to companies doing business in foreign jurisdictions, particularly in light of the new U.S. presidential administration. Legislation or other changes in the U.S. tax laws could increase our U.S. income tax liability and adversely affect our after-tax profitability. For example, U.S. lawmakers are considering several U.S. corporate tax reform proposals, including, among others, proposals which could reduce or eliminate U.S. income tax deferrals on unrepatriated foreign earnings and eliminate tax incentives in exchange for a lower U.S. statutory tax rate. In addition, the new U.S. presidential administration has introduced greater uncertainty with respect to future tax, trade deductions on imported merchandise or the imposition of new tariffs on imported products, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Failure by Our International Operations to Comply With Anti-Corruption Laws or Trade Sanctions Could Increase Our Costs, Reduce Our Profits, Limit Our Growth, Harm Our Reputation, or Subject us to Broader Liability We are subject to restrictions imposed by the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and anti-corruption laws and regulations of other countries applicable to our operations. Anti-corruption laws and regulations generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials or other persons in order to receive or retain business. The compliance programs, internal controls and policies we maintain and enforce to promote compliance with applicable anti- bribery and anti-corruption laws may not prevent our associates, contractors or agents from acting in ways prohibited by these laws and regulations. We are also subject to trade sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control and the U.S. under these rules. The United States may impose additional sanctions at any time against any country in which or with whom we do business. Depending on the nature of the sanctions imposed, our operations in the relevant country could be restricted or otherwise adversely affected. Any violations of anti-corruption laws and regulations or trade sanctions could result in significant civil and criminal penalties, reduce our profits, disrupt our business or damage our reputation. In addition, an imposition of further restrictions in these areas could increase our cost of operations, reduce our profits or cause us to forgo development opportunities that would otherwise support growth. Risks and Uncertainties Associated with Our Expansion Into and Our Operations Outside of the United States May Adversely Affect Our Results of Operations, Cash Flow, Liquidity or Financial Condition Fluctuations in Foreign Currency Exchange Rates May Adversely Affect Our Results of Operations, Cash Flow, Liquidity or Financial Condition. Because of our international operations, we are exposed to risk associated with interest rates and value changes in foreign currencies, which may adversely affect our business. Historically, our reported net sales, earnings, cash flow and financial condition have been subjected to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. Our primary exchange rate exposure is in the Argentinian Peso, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, Hong Kong Dollar, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen and Mexican Peso. While we actively manage the exposure of our foreign currency risk as part of our overall financial risk management policy, we believe we may experience losses from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, and such losses may adversely affect our sales, earnings, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition. Risks Relating to Natural or Man-made Disasters, Contagious Disease, Terrorist Activity, and War May Adversely Affect Our Business, Financial Condition and Results of Operations Our ability, including manufacturing or distribution capabilities, and that of our suppliers, business partners and contract manufacturers, to make, move and sell products is critical to our success. So called “Acts of God,” such as hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters, as well as the potential spread of contagious diseases such as MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), Zika virus, and Ebola in locations where we or they own or operate significant operations could cause a disruption in our or our third party’s production and distribution capabilities or a decline in demand for our products and services. In addition, actual or threatened war, terrorist activity, political unrest, or civil strife, such as recent events in Ukraine and Russia, the Middle East, and other geopolitical uncertainty could have a similar effect. Any one or more of these events may reduce our ability to produce or sell our products which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, as well as require additional resources to restore our supply chain. regulations and trade agreements. Changes in tax policy, trade regulations or trade agreements, such as the disallowance of tax Dependence on Foreign Manufacturing Although we own and operate factories in the PRC, Brazil and Mexico, third-party manufacturers located in Asia continue to manufacture a portion of our products. Our arrangements with these foreign manufacturers are subject to the risks of doing business abroad, such as tariffs, environmental and trade restrictions, intellectual property protection and enforcement, export license requirements, work stoppages, political and social instability, economic and labor conditions, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, changes in laws and policies (including fiscal policies), and other factors, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows. We believe that the loss of any one or more of our manufacturers would not have a long-term material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows, because numerous other manufacturers are available to fulfill our requirements; however, the loss of any of our major manufacturers may adversely affect our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows until alternative manufacturing arrangements are secured. Department of Commerce. Our compliance programs and internal controls also may not prevent conduct that is prohibited Dependence upon Key Suppliers Most of the components used in our products are available from multiple sources. However, we purchase integrated circuits, used principally in our wireless control products, from a small number of key suppliers. To reduce our dependence on our integrated circuit suppliers we continually seek additional sources. We maintain inventories of our integrated circuits, which may be used in part to mitigate, but not eliminate, delays resulting from supply interruptions. We have identified alternative sources of supply for our integrated circuit, component parts, and finished goods needs; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to obtain these inventory purchases on a timely basis. Any extended 11 12 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 25 25 4/12/17 2:38 PM interruption, shortage or termination in the supply of any of the components used in our products, or a reduction in their quality or reliability, or a significant increase in prices of components, would have an adverse effect on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights The procedures by which we identify, document and file for patent, trademark, and copyright protection are based solely on engineering and management judgment, with no assurance that a specific filing will be issued, or if issued, will deliver any lasting value to us. Because of the rapid innovation of products and technologies that is characteristic of our industry, there can be no assurance that rights granted under any patent will provide competitive advantages to us or will be adequate to safeguard and maintain our proprietary rights. Moreover, the laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be manufactured or sold may not offer protection on such products and associated intellectual property to the same extent that the United States legal system may offer. In our opinion, our intellectual property holdings as well as our engineering, production, and marketing skills and the experience of our personnel are of equal importance to our market position. We further believe that our business is not materially dependent upon any single patent, copyright, trademark, or trade secret. Some of our products include or use technology and/or components of third parties. While it may be necessary in the future to seek or renew licenses relating to various aspects of such products, we believe that, based upon past experience and industry practice, such licenses may be obtained on commercially reasonable terms; however, there can be no guarantee that such licenses may be obtained on such terms or at all. Because of technological changes in the wireless and home control industry, current extensive patent coverage, and the rapid rate of issuance of new patents, it is possible certain components of our products and business methods may unknowingly infringe upon the patents of others. Potential for Litigation As is typical in our industry and for the nature and kind of business in which we are engaged, from time to time various claims, charges and litigation are asserted or commenced by third parties against us or by us against third parties, arising from or related to product liability, infringement of patent or other intellectual property rights, breach of warranty, contractual relations or employee relations. The amounts claimed may be substantial, but they may not bear any reasonable relationship to the merits of the claims or the extent of any real risk of court awards assessed against us or in our favor. Technology Changes in Wireless Control We currently derive substantial revenue from the sale of wireless remote controls based on IR and RF and other technologies. Other control technologies exist or may be developed that may compete with this technology. In addition, we develop and maintain our own database of IR and RF codes. There are competing IR and RF libraries offered by companies that we compete with in the marketplace. The advantage that we may have compared to our competitors is difficult to measure. In addition, if other wireless control technology gains acceptance and starts to be integrated into home electronics devices currently controlled through our remote controllers, demand for our products may decrease, resulting in decreased operating results, financial condition, and cash flows. Our Technology Development Activities May Experience Delays. We may experience technical, financial, resource or other difficulties or delays related to the further development of our technologies. Delays may have adverse financial effects and may allow competitors with comparable technology offerings to gain an advantage over us in the marketplace or in the standards setting arena. There can be no assurance that we will continue to have adequate staffing or that our development efforts will ultimately be successful. Moreover, certain of our technologies have not been fully tested in commercial use, and it is possible that they may not perform as expected. In such cases, our business, financial condition and operating results may be adversely affected, and our ability to secure new licensees and other business opportunities may be diminished. Change in Competition and Pricing Even with having our own factories located in the PRC, Brazil and Mexico, we will continue to rely on third-party manufacturers to build a portion of our universal wireless control products. Price is always an issue in winning and retaining business. If customers become increasingly price sensitive, new competition may arise from manufacturers who decide to go into direct competition with us or from current competitors who perform their own manufacturing. If such a trend develops, we may experience downward pressure on our pricing or lose sales, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Risks Related to Adverse Changes in General Business and Economic Conditions Adverse changes in general business and economic conditions in the United States and worldwide may reduce the demand for some of our products and adversely affect our results of operations, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition. Higher inflation rates, interest rates, tax rates and unemployment rates, higher labor and health care costs, recessions, changing governmental policies, laws and regulations, increased tariffs, and other economic factors may adversely affect our results of operations, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition. Any such changes may impact our business in a number of ways, including: Potential deferment of purchases and orders by customers and cyclical nature of portions of our business Uncertainty about current and future global economic conditions may cause consumers, businesses and governments to defer purchases in response to tighter credit, decreased cash availability and declining consumer confidence. Accordingly, future demand for our products may differ materially from our current expectations. In addition, portions of our business involve the sale of products to sectors of the economy that are cyclical in nature, particularly the retail sector. Our sales to these sectors are affected by the levels of discretionary consumer and business spending. During economic downturns, the levels of consumer and business discretionary spending in these sectors may decrease, and the recovery of these sectors may lag behind the recovery of the overall economy. This decrease in spending will likely reduce the demand for some of our products and may adversely affect our sales, earnings, cash flow or financial condition. Although many of our end markets have shown signs of stabilization and modest improvement from the recent global economic downturn, the recovery has been erratic. A worsening in these sectors may cause a reduction in the demand for some of our products and may adversely impact sales, earnings, cash flow and financial condition. Customers' inability to obtain financing to make purchases from us and/or maintain their business Some of our customers require substantial financing in order to fund their operations and make purchases from us. The inability of these customers to obtain sufficient credit to finance purchases of our products may adversely impact our financial results. In 26 13 14 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 26 4/12/17 2:38 PM or reliability, or a significant increase in prices of components, would have an adverse effect on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights The procedures by which we identify, document and file for patent, trademark, and copyright protection are based solely on engineering and management judgment, with no assurance that a specific filing will be issued, or if issued, will deliver any lasting value to us. Because of the rapid innovation of products and technologies that is characteristic of our industry, there can be no assurance that rights granted under any patent will provide competitive advantages to us or will be adequate to safeguard or sold may not offer protection on such products and associated intellectual property to the same extent that the United States legal system may offer. In our opinion, our intellectual property holdings as well as our engineering, production, and marketing skills and the experience of our personnel are of equal importance to our market position. We further believe that our business is not materially dependent upon any single patent, copyright, trademark, or trade secret. Some of our products include or use technology and/or components of third parties. While it may be necessary in the future to practice, such licenses may be obtained on commercially reasonable terms; however, there can be no guarantee that such licenses may be obtained on such terms or at all. Because of technological changes in the wireless and home control industry, current extensive patent coverage, and the rapid rate of issuance of new patents, it is possible certain components of our products and business methods may unknowingly infringe upon the patents of others. Potential for Litigation As is typical in our industry and for the nature and kind of business in which we are engaged, from time to time various claims, charges and litigation are asserted or commenced by third parties against us or by us against third parties, arising from or related to product liability, infringement of patent or other intellectual property rights, breach of warranty, contractual relations or employee relations. The amounts claimed may be substantial, but they may not bear any reasonable relationship to the merits of the claims or the extent of any real risk of court awards assessed against us or in our favor. Technology Changes in Wireless Control We currently derive substantial revenue from the sale of wireless remote controls based on IR and RF and other technologies. Other control technologies exist or may be developed that may compete with this technology. In addition, we develop and maintain our own database of IR and RF codes. There are competing IR and RF libraries offered by companies that we compete with in the marketplace. The advantage that we may have compared to our competitors is difficult to measure. In addition, if other wireless control technology gains acceptance and starts to be integrated into home electronics devices currently controlled through our remote controllers, demand for our products may decrease, resulting in decreased operating results, financial condition, and cash flows. interruption, shortage or termination in the supply of any of the components used in our products, or a reduction in their quality Our Technology Development Activities May Experience Delays. We may experience technical, financial, resource or other difficulties or delays related to the further development of our technologies. Delays may have adverse financial effects and may allow competitors with comparable technology offerings to gain an advantage over us in the marketplace or in the standards setting arena. There can be no assurance that we will continue to have adequate staffing or that our development efforts will ultimately be successful. Moreover, certain of our technologies have not been fully tested in commercial use, and it is possible that they may not perform as expected. In such cases, our business, financial condition and operating results may be adversely affected, and our ability to secure new licensees and other business opportunities may be diminished. and maintain our proprietary rights. Moreover, the laws of certain countries in which our products are or may be manufactured Change in Competition and Pricing Even with having our own factories located in the PRC, Brazil and Mexico, we will continue to rely on third-party manufacturers to build a portion of our universal wireless control products. Price is always an issue in winning and retaining business. If customers become increasingly price sensitive, new competition may arise from manufacturers who decide to go into direct competition with us or from current competitors who perform their own manufacturing. If such a trend develops, we may experience downward pressure on our pricing or lose sales, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. seek or renew licenses relating to various aspects of such products, we believe that, based upon past experience and industry Risks Related to Adverse Changes in General Business and Economic Conditions Adverse changes in general business and economic conditions in the United States and worldwide may reduce the demand for some of our products and adversely affect our results of operations, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition. Higher inflation rates, interest rates, tax rates and unemployment rates, higher labor and health care costs, recessions, changing governmental policies, laws and regulations, increased tariffs, and other economic factors may adversely affect our results of operations, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition. Any such changes may impact our business in a number of ways, including: Potential deferment of purchases and orders by customers and cyclical nature of portions of our business Uncertainty about current and future global economic conditions may cause consumers, businesses and governments to defer purchases in response to tighter credit, decreased cash availability and declining consumer confidence. Accordingly, future demand for our products may differ materially from our current expectations. In addition, portions of our business involve the sale of products to sectors of the economy that are cyclical in nature, particularly the retail sector. Our sales to these sectors are affected by the levels of discretionary consumer and business spending. During economic downturns, the levels of consumer and business discretionary spending in these sectors may decrease, and the recovery of these sectors may lag behind the recovery of the overall economy. This decrease in spending will likely reduce the demand for some of our products and may adversely affect our sales, earnings, cash flow or financial condition. Although many of our end markets have shown signs of stabilization and modest improvement from the recent global economic downturn, the recovery has been erratic. A worsening in these sectors may cause a reduction in the demand for some of our products and may adversely impact sales, earnings, cash flow and financial condition. Customers' inability to obtain financing to make purchases from us and/or maintain their business Some of our customers require substantial financing in order to fund their operations and make purchases from us. The inability of these customers to obtain sufficient credit to finance purchases of our products may adversely impact our financial results. In 13 14 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 27 27 4/12/17 2:38 PM addition, an economic downturn could result in insolvencies for our customers, which may adversely impact our financial results. Subsidiaries to Satisfy Our Cash Needs. Our Ability to Generate Cash Depends on Many Factors Beyond Our Control. We Also Depend on the Business of Our Potential impact on trade receivables Credit market conditions may slow our collection efforts as customers experience increased difficulty in obtaining requisite financing, leading to higher than normal accounts receivable balances and longer days sales outstanding. Continuation of these conditions may limit our ability to collect our accounts receivable, which may result in greater expense associated with collection efforts and increased bad debt expense. Negative impact from increased financial pressures on third-party dealers, distributors and retailers We make sales in certain regions of the world through third-party dealers, distributors and retailers. Although many of these third parties have significant operations and maintain access to available credit, others are smaller and more likely to be impacted by a significant decrease in available credit. If credit pressures or other financial difficulties result in insolvency for these third parties and we are unable to successfully transition our end customers to purchase products from other third parties or from us directly, it may adversely impact our financial results. Negative impact from increased financial pressures on key suppliers Our ability to meet customers' demands depends, in part, on our ability to obtain timely and adequate delivery of quality materials, parts and components from our suppliers. Certain of our components are available only from a single source or limited sources. If certain key suppliers were to become capacity constrained or insolvent as a result of an economic downturn, it may result in a reduction or interruption in supplies or a significant increase in the price of supplies and adversely impact our financial results. In addition, credit constraints at key suppliers may result in accelerated payment of accounts payable by us, impacting our cash flow. Potential Fluctuations in Quarterly Results We may from time to time increase our operating expenses to fund greater levels of research and development, sales and marketing activities, development of new distribution channels, improvements in our operational and financial systems and development of our customer support capabilities, and to support our efforts to comply with various government regulations. To the extent such expenses precede or are not subsequently followed by increased revenues, our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows will be adversely affected. In addition, we may experience significant fluctuations in future quarterly operating results that may be caused by many other factors, including demand for our products, introduction or enhancement of products by us and our competitors, the loss or acquisition of any significant customers, market acceptance of new products, price reductions by us or our competitors, mix of distribution channels through which our products are sold, product or supply constraints, level of product returns, mix of customers and products sold, component pricing, mix of international and domestic revenues, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and general economic conditions. In addition, as a strategic response to changes in the competitive environment, we may from time to time make certain pricing or marketing decisions or acquisitions that may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. As a result, we believe period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. Due to all of the foregoing factors, it is possible that in some future quarters our operating results will be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors. If this happens the price of our common stock may be materially adversely affected. Our historical financial results have been, and we anticipate that our future financial results will be, subject to fluctuations. Our ability to generate cash is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from our operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to make payments of our debt, fund our other liquidity needs and make planned capital expenditures. A significant portion of our operations are conducted through our subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to generate sufficient cash flow for our needs is dependent to some extent on the earnings of our subsidiaries and the payment of those earnings to us in the form of dividends, loans or advances and through repayment of loans or advances from us. Our subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities. Our subsidiaries have no obligation to pay any amounts due on our debt or to provide us with funds to meet our cash flow needs, whether in the form of dividends, distributions, loans or other payments. In addition, any payment of dividends, loans or advances by our subsidiaries may be subject to statutory or contractual restrictions. Payments to us by our subsidiaries will also be contingent upon our subsidiaries' earnings and business considerations. Our right to receive any assets of any of our subsidiaries upon their liquidation or reorganization will be effectively subordinated to the claims of that subsidiary's creditors, including trade creditors. In addition, even if we are a creditor of any of our subsidiaries, our rights as a creditor would be subordinate to any security interest in the assets of our subsidiaries and any indebtedness of our subsidiaries senior to that held by us. Further, changes in the laws of foreign jurisdictions in which we operate may adversely affect the ability of some of our foreign subsidiaries to repatriate funds to us. In addition, we may fund a portion of our seasonal working capital needs and obtain funding for other general corporate purposes through short-term borrowings backed by our revolving credit facility and other financing facilities. If any of the banks in these credit and financing facilities are unable to perform on their commitments, which may adversely affect our ability to fund seasonal working capital needs and obtain funding for other general corporate purposes, our cash flow, liquidity or financial condition may be adversely impacted. Although we currently have available credit facilities to fund our current operating needs, we cannot be certain that we will be able to replace our existing credit facilities or refinance our existing or future debt when necessary. Our cost of borrowing and ability to access the capital markets are affected not only by market conditions, but also by our debt and credit ratings assigned by the major credit rating agencies. Downgrades in these ratings will increase our cost of borrowing and may have an adverse effect on our access to the capital markets, including our access to the commercial paper market. An inability to access the capital markets may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition. The Price of Our Common Stock is Volatile and May Decline Regardless of Our Operating Performance. Historically, we have had large fluctuations in the price of our common stock, and such fluctuations may continue. From January 1, 2012 to March 6, 2017, the trading price of our common stock has ranged from a low of $11.40 per share to a high of $80.42 per share. The market price for our common stock is volatile and may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, most of which we cannot control, including: • the public's response to press releases or other public announcements by us or third parties, including our filings with the SEC and announcements relating to product and technology development, relationships with new and existing customers, litigation and other legal proceedings in which we are involved and intellectual property impacting us or our business; • announcements concerning strategic transactions, such as spin-offs, joint ventures and acquisitions or divestitures; 28 15 16 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 28 4/12/17 2:38 PM addition, an economic downturn could result in insolvencies for our customers, which may adversely impact our financial results. Potential impact on trade receivables Credit market conditions may slow our collection efforts as customers experience increased difficulty in obtaining requisite financing, leading to higher than normal accounts receivable balances and longer days sales outstanding. Continuation of these conditions may limit our ability to collect our accounts receivable, which may result in greater expense associated with collection efforts and increased bad debt expense. Negative impact from increased financial pressures on third-party dealers, distributors and retailers We make sales in certain regions of the world through third-party dealers, distributors and retailers. Although many of these third parties have significant operations and maintain access to available credit, others are smaller and more likely to be impacted by a significant decrease in available credit. If credit pressures or other financial difficulties result in insolvency for these third parties and we are unable to successfully transition our end customers to purchase products from other third parties or from us directly, it may adversely impact our financial results. Negative impact from increased financial pressures on key suppliers Our ability to meet customers' demands depends, in part, on our ability to obtain timely and adequate delivery of quality materials, parts and components from our suppliers. Certain of our components are available only from a single source or limited sources. If certain key suppliers were to become capacity constrained or insolvent as a result of an economic downturn, it may result in a reduction or interruption in supplies or a significant increase in the price of supplies and adversely impact our financial results. In addition, credit constraints at key suppliers may result in accelerated payment of accounts payable by us, impacting our cash flow. Potential Fluctuations in Quarterly Results We may from time to time increase our operating expenses to fund greater levels of research and development, sales and marketing activities, development of new distribution channels, improvements in our operational and financial systems and development of our customer support capabilities, and to support our efforts to comply with various government regulations. To the extent such expenses precede or are not subsequently followed by increased revenues, our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows will be adversely affected. In addition, we may experience significant fluctuations in future quarterly operating results that may be caused by many other acquisition of any significant customers, market acceptance of new products, price reductions by us or our competitors, mix of distribution channels through which our products are sold, product or supply constraints, level of product returns, mix of customers and products sold, component pricing, mix of international and domestic revenues, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and general economic conditions. In addition, as a strategic response to changes in the competitive environment, we may from time to time make certain pricing or marketing decisions or acquisitions that may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. As a result, we believe period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. Due to all of the foregoing factors, it is possible that in some future quarters our operating results will be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors. If this happens the price of our common stock may be materially adversely affected. Our Ability to Generate Cash Depends on Many Factors Beyond Our Control. We Also Depend on the Business of Our Subsidiaries to Satisfy Our Cash Needs. Our historical financial results have been, and we anticipate that our future financial results will be, subject to fluctuations. Our ability to generate cash is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from our operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to make payments of our debt, fund our other liquidity needs and make planned capital expenditures. A significant portion of our operations are conducted through our subsidiaries. As a result, our ability to generate sufficient cash flow for our needs is dependent to some extent on the earnings of our subsidiaries and the payment of those earnings to us in the form of dividends, loans or advances and through repayment of loans or advances from us. Our subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities. Our subsidiaries have no obligation to pay any amounts due on our debt or to provide us with funds to meet our cash flow needs, whether in the form of dividends, distributions, loans or other payments. In addition, any payment of dividends, loans or advances by our subsidiaries may be subject to statutory or contractual restrictions. Payments to us by our subsidiaries will also be contingent upon our subsidiaries' earnings and business considerations. Our right to receive any assets of any of our subsidiaries upon their liquidation or reorganization will be effectively subordinated to the claims of that subsidiary's creditors, including trade creditors. In addition, even if we are a creditor of any of our subsidiaries, our rights as a creditor would be subordinate to any security interest in the assets of our subsidiaries and any indebtedness of our subsidiaries senior to that held by us. Further, changes in the laws of foreign jurisdictions in which we operate may adversely affect the ability of some of our foreign subsidiaries to repatriate funds to us. In addition, we may fund a portion of our seasonal working capital needs and obtain funding for other general corporate purposes through short-term borrowings backed by our revolving credit facility and other financing facilities. If any of the banks in these credit and financing facilities are unable to perform on their commitments, which may adversely affect our ability to fund seasonal working capital needs and obtain funding for other general corporate purposes, our cash flow, liquidity or financial condition may be adversely impacted. Although we currently have available credit facilities to fund our current operating needs, we cannot be certain that we will be able to replace our existing credit facilities or refinance our existing or future debt when necessary. Our cost of borrowing and ability to access the capital markets are affected not only by market conditions, but also by our debt and credit ratings assigned by the major credit rating agencies. Downgrades in these ratings will increase our cost of borrowing and may have an adverse effect on our access to the capital markets, including our access to the commercial paper market. An inability to access the capital markets may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition. factors, including demand for our products, introduction or enhancement of products by us and our competitors, the loss or The Price of Our Common Stock is Volatile and May Decline Regardless of Our Operating Performance. Historically, we have had large fluctuations in the price of our common stock, and such fluctuations may continue. From January 1, 2012 to March 6, 2017, the trading price of our common stock has ranged from a low of $11.40 per share to a high of $80.42 per share. The market price for our common stock is volatile and may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, most of which we cannot control, including: • the public's response to press releases or other public announcements by us or third parties, including our filings with the SEC and announcements relating to product and technology development, relationships with new and existing customers, litigation and other legal proceedings in which we are involved and intellectual property impacting us or our business; • announcements concerning strategic transactions, such as spin-offs, joint ventures and acquisitions or divestitures; 15 16 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 29 29 4/12/17 2:38 PM • • • • • the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in these projections or our failure to meet these projections; changes in financial estimates or ratings by any securities analysts who follow our common stock, our failure to meet these estimates or failure of those analysts to initiate or maintain coverage of our common stock; investor perceptions as to the likelihood of achievement of near-term goals; changes in market share of significant customers; changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of other technology or content providing companies generally; and • market conditions or trends in our industry or the economy as a whole. In the past, stockholders have instituted securities class action litigation following periods of market volatility. If we were involved in securities litigation, we may incur substantial costs and our resources and the attention of management may be diverted from our business. In addition, our executive officers periodically sell shares of our common stock which they own, often pursuant to trading plans established under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Sales of shares by our executive officers may not be indicative of their respective opinions of our performance at the time of sale or of our potential future performance. Nonetheless, the market price of our stock may be affected by such sales of shares by our executive officers. If Securities or Industry Analysts Fail to Continue Publishing Research About Our Business, Our Stock Price and Trading Volume May Decline. The trading market for our common stock is influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, we may lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn may cause our stock price or trading volume to decline. Future Sales of Our Equity May Depress the Market Price of Our Common Stock. We have several institutional stockholders that own significant blocks of our common stock. If one or more of these stockholders were to sell large portions of their holdings in a relatively short time, for liquidity or other reasons, the prevailing market price of our common stock may be negatively affected. Additionally, in March 2016, we issued common stock purchase warrants to Comcast Corporation ("Comcast") to purchase up to 725,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $54.55 per share. The right to exercise the warrants is subject to vesting over three successive two-year periods (with the first two-year period commencing on January 1, 2016) based on the level of purchases of goods and services from us by Comcast and its affiliates, as defined in the warrants. To the extent that the warrants vest and Comcast exercises the warrants and sells any of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise, or the perception that such sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Approved Stock Repurchase Programs May Not Result in a Positive Return of Capital to Stockholders. Our board-approved stock repurchase programs may not return value to stockholders because the market price of the stock may decline significantly below the levels at which we repurchased shares of stock. Stock repurchase programs are intended to deliver stockholder value over the long term, but stock price fluctuations can reduce the effectiveness of such programs. Dependence on Consumer Preference We are susceptible to fluctuations in our business based upon consumer demand for our products. In addition, we cannot guarantee that increases in demand for our products associated with increases in the deployment of new technology will continue. We believe that our success depends on our ability to anticipate, gauge and respond to fluctuations in consumer preferences. However, it is impossible to predict with complete accuracy the occurrence and effect of fluctuations in consumer demand over a product's life cycle. Moreover, any growth in revenues that we achieve may be transitory and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. Demand for Consumer Service and Support We have continually provided domestic and international consumer service and support to our customers to add overall value and to help differentiate us from our competitors. We continually review our service and support group and are marketing our expertise in this area to other potential customers. There can be no assurance that we will be able to attract new customers in the future. In addition, certain of our products have more features and are more complex than others and therefore require more end-user technical support. In some instances, we rely on distributors or dealers to provide the initial level of technical support to the end-users. We provide the second level of technical support for bug fixes and other issues at no additional charge. Therefore, as the mix of our products includes more of these complex product lines, support costs may increase, which may have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Dependence upon New Product Introduction Our ability to remain competitive in the wireless control and AV accessory products market will depend considerably upon our ability to successfully identify new product opportunities, as well as develop and introduce these products and enhancements on a timely and cost effective basis. There can be no assurance that we will be successful at developing and marketing new products or enhancing our existing products, or that these new or enhanced products will achieve consumer acceptance and, if achieved, will sustain that acceptance. In addition, there can be no assurance that products developed by others will not render our products non-competitive or obsolete or that we will be able to obtain or maintain the rights to use proprietary technologies developed by others which are incorporated in our products. Any failure to anticipate or respond adequately to technological developments and customer requirements, or any significant delays in product development or introduction, may have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. In addition, the introduction of new products may require significant expenditures for research and development, tooling, manufacturing processes, inventory and marketing. In order to achieve high volume production of any new product, we may have to make substantial investments in inventory and expand our production capabilities. Dependence on Major Customers The economic strength and weakness of our worldwide customers affect our performance. We sell our wireless control products, AV accessory products, and proprietary technologies to subscription broadcasters, original equipment manufacturers, retailers and private label customers. We also supply our products to our wholly owned, non-U.S. subsidiaries and to independent foreign distributors, who in turn distribute our products worldwide, with Europe, Asia and Latin America currently representing our principal foreign markets. 30 17 18 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 30 4/12/17 2:38 PM these projections; • changes in financial estimates or ratings by any securities analysts who follow our common stock, our failure to meet these estimates or failure of those analysts to initiate or maintain coverage of our common stock; investor perceptions as to the likelihood of achievement of near-term goals; changes in market share of significant customers; • • • companies generally; and • market conditions or trends in our industry or the economy as a whole. changes in operating performance and stock market valuations of other technology or content providing In the past, stockholders have instituted securities class action litigation following periods of market volatility. If we were involved in securities litigation, we may incur substantial costs and our resources and the attention of management may be diverted from our business. In addition, our executive officers periodically sell shares of our common stock which they own, often pursuant to trading plans established under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Sales of shares by our executive officers may not be indicative of their respective opinions of our performance at the time of sale or of our potential future performance. Nonetheless, the market price of our stock may be affected by such sales of shares by our executive officers. Volume May Decline. The trading market for our common stock is influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, we may lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn may cause our stock price or trading volume to decline. Future Sales of Our Equity May Depress the Market Price of Our Common Stock. We have several institutional stockholders that own significant blocks of our common stock. If one or more of these stockholders were to sell large portions of their holdings in a relatively short time, for liquidity or other reasons, the prevailing market price of our common stock may be negatively affected. Additionally, in March 2016, we issued common stock purchase warrants to Comcast Corporation ("Comcast") to purchase up to 725,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $54.55 per share. The right to exercise the warrants is subject to vesting over three successive two-year periods (with the first two-year period commencing on January 1, 2016) based on the level of purchases of goods and services from us by Comcast and its affiliates, as defined in the warrants. To the extent that the warrants vest and Comcast exercises the warrants and sells any of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise, or the perception that such sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Approved Stock Repurchase Programs May Not Result in a Positive Return of Capital to Stockholders. Our board-approved stock repurchase programs may not return value to stockholders because the market price of the stock may decline significantly below the levels at which we repurchased shares of stock. Stock repurchase programs are intended to deliver stockholder value over the long term, but stock price fluctuations can reduce the effectiveness of such programs. • the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in these projections or our failure to meet Dependence on Consumer Preference We are susceptible to fluctuations in our business based upon consumer demand for our products. In addition, we cannot guarantee that increases in demand for our products associated with increases in the deployment of new technology will continue. We believe that our success depends on our ability to anticipate, gauge and respond to fluctuations in consumer preferences. However, it is impossible to predict with complete accuracy the occurrence and effect of fluctuations in consumer demand over a product's life cycle. Moreover, any growth in revenues that we achieve may be transitory and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. Demand for Consumer Service and Support We have continually provided domestic and international consumer service and support to our customers to add overall value and to help differentiate us from our competitors. We continually review our service and support group and are marketing our expertise in this area to other potential customers. There can be no assurance that we will be able to attract new customers in the future. In addition, certain of our products have more features and are more complex than others and therefore require more end-user technical support. In some instances, we rely on distributors or dealers to provide the initial level of technical support to the end-users. We provide the second level of technical support for bug fixes and other issues at no additional charge. Therefore, as the mix of our products includes more of these complex product lines, support costs may increase, which may have an adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows. If Securities or Industry Analysts Fail to Continue Publishing Research About Our Business, Our Stock Price and Trading Dependence upon New Product Introduction Our ability to remain competitive in the wireless control and AV accessory products market will depend considerably upon our ability to successfully identify new product opportunities, as well as develop and introduce these products and enhancements on a timely and cost effective basis. There can be no assurance that we will be successful at developing and marketing new products or enhancing our existing products, or that these new or enhanced products will achieve consumer acceptance and, if achieved, will sustain that acceptance. In addition, there can be no assurance that products developed by others will not render our products non-competitive or obsolete or that we will be able to obtain or maintain the rights to use proprietary technologies developed by others which are incorporated in our products. Any failure to anticipate or respond adequately to technological developments and customer requirements, or any significant delays in product development or introduction, may have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. In addition, the introduction of new products may require significant expenditures for research and development, tooling, manufacturing processes, inventory and marketing. In order to achieve high volume production of any new product, we may have to make substantial investments in inventory and expand our production capabilities. Dependence on Major Customers The economic strength and weakness of our worldwide customers affect our performance. We sell our wireless control products, AV accessory products, and proprietary technologies to subscription broadcasters, original equipment manufacturers, retailers and private label customers. We also supply our products to our wholly owned, non-U.S. subsidiaries and to independent foreign distributors, who in turn distribute our products worldwide, with Europe, Asia and Latin America currently representing our principal foreign markets. 17 18 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 31 31 4/12/17 2:38 PM During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had sales in excess of 10% of our net sales to each of Comcast and DIRECTV and its sub-contractors. During the year ended December 31, 2014, we had sales to DIRECTV and its sub- contractors that totaled in excess of 10% of our net sales. The loss of any of these customers or of any other key customer, either in the United States or abroad or our inability to maintain order volume with these customers, may have an adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Outsourced Labor We continue to use outside resources to assist us in the development of some of our products and technologies. While we believe that such outside services will continue to be available to us, if they cease to be available, the development of these products and technologies may be substantially delayed, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Disruptions Caused by Labor Disputes or Organized Labor Activities Could Materially Harm our Business and Reputation respect to such matters it is possible that these risk-mitigation provisions may be deemed not applicable or unenforceable and, Currently, approximately 400 of our Brazil and Mexico employees are represented by labor unions. Disputes with the current labor unions or new union organizing activities could lead to production slowdowns or stoppages and make it difficult or impossible for us to meet scheduled delivery times for product shipments to some of our customers, which could result in a loss of business and material damage to our reputation. In addition, union activity and compliance with international labor standards could result in higher labor costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations. Competition Competition within the wireless control industry is based primarily on product availability, price, speed of delivery, ability to tailor specific solutions to customer needs, quality, and depth of product lines. Our competition is fragmented across our products, and, accordingly, we do not compete with any one company across all product lines. We compete with a variety of entities, some of which have greater financial resources. Other competitors are smaller and may be able to offer more specialized products. Our ability to remain competitive in this industry depends in part on our ability to successfully identify new product opportunities, develop and introduce new products and enhancements on a timely and cost effective basis, as well as our ability to successfully identify and enter into strategic alliances with entities doing business within the industries we serve. Competition in any of these areas may reduce our sales and adversely affect our earnings or cash flow by resulting in decreased sales volumes, reduced prices and increased costs of manufacturing, distributing and selling our products. There can be no assurance that our product offerings will be, and/or will remain, competitive or that strategic alliances, if any, will achieve the type, extent, and amount of success or business that we expect them to achieve. The sales of our products and technology may not occur or grow in the manner we expect, and thus we may not recoup costs incurred in the research and development of these products as quickly as we expect, if at all. The home security and automation industry is highly fragmented and subject to significant competition and pricing pressures. In particular, the monitored security industry providers have highly recognized brands which may drive increased awareness of their security/automation offerings rather than ours, have access to greater capital and resources than us, and may spend significantly more on advertising, marketing and promotional resources which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to drive awareness and demand for our products and services. In addition, cable and telecommunications companies have expanded into the monitored security industry and are bundling their existing offerings with monitored security services. We also face competition from Do-It-Yourself (DIY) companies that are increasingly provided products which enable customers to self-monitor and control their environments without third-party involvement. Further, DIY providers may also 32 19 20 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 32 4/12/17 2:38 PM offer professional monitoring with the purchase of their systems and equipment or new IoT devices and services with automated features and capabilities that may be appealing to customers. Continued pricing pressure, improvements in technology and shifts in customer preferences towards self-monitoring or DIY could adversely impact our customer base and/or pricing structure and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We are Exposed to Greater Risks of Liability for Omissions or System Failures If a customer or third party believes that he or she has suffered harm to person or property due to an actual or alleged security system failure, he or she (or their insurers) may pursue legal action against us, and the cost of defending the legal action and of any judgment against us could be substantial. In particular, because our products and services are intended to help protect lives and real and personal property, we may have greater exposure to litigation risks than businesses that provide other consumer and small business products and services. While our customer contracts contain a series of risk-mitigation provisions that are aimed at limiting our liability and/or limiting a claimant’s ability to pursue legal action against us, in the event of litigation with regardless of the ultimate outcome, we may incur significant costs of defense that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Our Brand Quality and Reputation Our business depends on the quality and reputation of our brands, and any deterioration in the quality or reputation of these brands may have an adverse impact on our market share, reputation, business, financial condition or results of operations. Events that may be beyond our control may affect the reputation of one or more of our products or more generally impact the reputation of our brands. If the reputation or perceived quality of our brands declines, our market share, reputation, business, financial condition or results of operations may be affected. Unanticipated Changes in Tax and Other Laws and Regulations Our business is subject to regulation under a wide variety of laws, regulations and policies in jurisdictions around the world. In response to continued economic challenges, we anticipate that many of the jurisdictions in which we do business will continue to review tax and other revenue raising laws, regulations and policies, and any resulting changes may impose new restrictions, costs or prohibitions on our current practices and reduce our profits. In particular, governments may revise tax laws, regulations or official interpretations in ways that may have a significant impact on us, including modifications that may reduce the profits that we can effectively realize from our non-U.S. operations, or that may require costly changes to those operations, or the way in which they are structured. For example, most U.S. company effective tax rates reflect the fact that income earned and reinvested outside the United States is generally taxed at local rates, which are often much lower than U.S. tax rates. If changes in tax laws, regulations or interpretations significantly increase the tax rates on non-U.S. income, our effective tax rate may increase and our profits may be reduced. If such increases resulted from our status as a U.S. company, those changes may place us at a disadvantage to our non-U.S. competitors if those competitors remain subject to lower local tax rates. In addition, from time to time, we are subject to tax audits in various jurisdictions. Tax authorities may disagree with our intercompany charges or other matters and assess additional taxes. We assess the likely outcomes of these audits in order to determine the appropriateness of the tax provision. However, there can be no assurance that we will accurately predict the outcomes of these audits, and the actual outcomes of these audits may have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, our effective tax rate in the future may be adversely affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had sales in excess of 10% of our net sales to each of Comcast and DIRECTV and its sub-contractors. During the year ended December 31, 2014, we had sales to DIRECTV and its sub- contractors that totaled in excess of 10% of our net sales. The loss of any of these customers or of any other key customer, either in the United States or abroad or our inability to maintain order volume with these customers, may have an adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Outsourced Labor We continue to use outside resources to assist us in the development of some of our products and technologies. While we believe that such outside services will continue to be available to us, if they cease to be available, the development of these products and technologies may be substantially delayed, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Disruptions Caused by Labor Disputes or Organized Labor Activities Could Materially Harm our Business and Reputation Currently, approximately 400 of our Brazil and Mexico employees are represented by labor unions. Disputes with the current labor unions or new union organizing activities could lead to production slowdowns or stoppages and make it difficult or impossible for us to meet scheduled delivery times for product shipments to some of our customers, which could result in a loss of business and material damage to our reputation. In addition, union activity and compliance with international labor standards could result in higher labor costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of operations. Competition Competition within the wireless control industry is based primarily on product availability, price, speed of delivery, ability to tailor specific solutions to customer needs, quality, and depth of product lines. Our competition is fragmented across our products, and, accordingly, we do not compete with any one company across all product lines. We compete with a variety of entities, some of which have greater financial resources. Other competitors are smaller and may be able to offer more specialized products. Our ability to remain competitive in this industry depends in part on our ability to successfully identify new product opportunities, develop and introduce new products and enhancements on a timely and cost effective basis, as well as our ability to successfully identify and enter into strategic alliances with entities doing business within the industries we serve. Competition in any of these areas may reduce our sales and adversely affect our earnings or cash flow by resulting in decreased sales volumes, reduced prices and increased costs of manufacturing, distributing and selling our products. There can be no assurance that our product offerings will be, and/or will remain, competitive or that strategic alliances, if any, will achieve the type, extent, and amount of success or business that we expect them to achieve. The sales of our products and technology may not occur or grow in the manner we expect, and thus we may not recoup costs incurred in the research and development of these products as quickly as we expect, if at all. The home security and automation industry is highly fragmented and subject to significant competition and pricing pressures. In particular, the monitored security industry providers have highly recognized brands which may drive increased awareness of their security/automation offerings rather than ours, have access to greater capital and resources than us, and may spend significantly more on advertising, marketing and promotional resources which could have a material adverse effect on our ability to drive awareness and demand for our products and services. In addition, cable and telecommunications companies have expanded into the monitored security industry and are bundling their existing offerings with monitored security services. We also face competition from Do-It-Yourself (DIY) companies that are increasingly provided products which enable customers to self-monitor and control their environments without third-party involvement. Further, DIY providers may also offer professional monitoring with the purchase of their systems and equipment or new IoT devices and services with automated features and capabilities that may be appealing to customers. Continued pricing pressure, improvements in technology and shifts in customer preferences towards self-monitoring or DIY could adversely impact our customer base and/or pricing structure and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We are Exposed to Greater Risks of Liability for Omissions or System Failures If a customer or third party believes that he or she has suffered harm to person or property due to an actual or alleged security system failure, he or she (or their insurers) may pursue legal action against us, and the cost of defending the legal action and of any judgment against us could be substantial. In particular, because our products and services are intended to help protect lives and real and personal property, we may have greater exposure to litigation risks than businesses that provide other consumer and small business products and services. While our customer contracts contain a series of risk-mitigation provisions that are aimed at limiting our liability and/or limiting a claimant’s ability to pursue legal action against us, in the event of litigation with respect to such matters it is possible that these risk-mitigation provisions may be deemed not applicable or unenforceable and, regardless of the ultimate outcome, we may incur significant costs of defense that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Our Brand Quality and Reputation Our business depends on the quality and reputation of our brands, and any deterioration in the quality or reputation of these brands may have an adverse impact on our market share, reputation, business, financial condition or results of operations. Events that may be beyond our control may affect the reputation of one or more of our products or more generally impact the reputation of our brands. If the reputation or perceived quality of our brands declines, our market share, reputation, business, financial condition or results of operations may be affected. Unanticipated Changes in Tax and Other Laws and Regulations Our business is subject to regulation under a wide variety of laws, regulations and policies in jurisdictions around the world. In response to continued economic challenges, we anticipate that many of the jurisdictions in which we do business will continue to review tax and other revenue raising laws, regulations and policies, and any resulting changes may impose new restrictions, costs or prohibitions on our current practices and reduce our profits. In particular, governments may revise tax laws, regulations or official interpretations in ways that may have a significant impact on us, including modifications that may reduce the profits that we can effectively realize from our non-U.S. operations, or that may require costly changes to those operations, or the way in which they are structured. For example, most U.S. company effective tax rates reflect the fact that income earned and reinvested outside the United States is generally taxed at local rates, which are often much lower than U.S. tax rates. If changes in tax laws, regulations or interpretations significantly increase the tax rates on non-U.S. income, our effective tax rate may increase and our profits may be reduced. If such increases resulted from our status as a U.S. company, those changes may place us at a disadvantage to our non-U.S. competitors if those competitors remain subject to lower local tax rates. In addition, from time to time, we are subject to tax audits in various jurisdictions. Tax authorities may disagree with our intercompany charges or other matters and assess additional taxes. We assess the likely outcomes of these audits in order to determine the appropriateness of the tax provision. However, there can be no assurance that we will accurately predict the outcomes of these audits, and the actual outcomes of these audits may have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, our effective tax rate in the future may be adversely affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in 19 20 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 33 33 4/12/17 2:38 PM tax laws and the discovery of new information in the course of our tax return preparation process. Furthermore, our tax provisions may be adversely affected as a result of any new interpretative accounting guidance related to accounting for uncertain tax positions. Environmental Matters Many of our products are subject to various federal, state, local and international laws governing chemical substances in products, including laws regulating the manufacture and distribution of chemical substances and restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products. In addition, many of these laws and regulations make producers of electrical goods responsible for collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of recovered products. As a result, we may face significant costs and liabilities in complying with these laws and any future laws and regulations or enforcement policies that may have a material adverse effect upon our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows. Leased Property We lease all of the properties used in our business. We can give no assurance that we will enter into new or renewal leases, or that, if entered into, the new lease terms will be similar to the existing terms or that the terms of any such new or renewal leases will not have a significant and material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Failure to Recruit, Hire, and Retain Key Personnel Our ability to achieve growth in the future will depend, in part, on our success at recruiting, hiring, training, developing and retaining highly skilled engineering, managerial, operational, sales and marketing personnel. If our salary and benefits fail to stay competitive it may negatively impact our ability to hire and retain key personnel and we may experience low morale, inefficiency or internal control failures. The inability to recruit, hire, train, develop and retain qualified personnel, or the loss of any key personnel, may make it difficult to meet key objectives, such as timely and effective product introductions, and also limit our ability to grow and expand our business. Transportation Costs, Tariffs, and Impact of Oil Prices We ship products from our factories and foreign manufacturers via ocean and air transport. It is sometimes difficult to forecast swings in demand or delays in production and, as a result, products may be shipped via air which is more costly than ocean shipments. We typically cannot recover the increased cost of air freight from our customers. Additionally, tariffs and other export fees may be incurred to ship products from foreign manufacturers to the customer. The inability to predict swings in demand or delays in production may increase the cost of freight which may have a material adverse effect on our product margins. In addition, we have an exposure to oil prices in two forms. The first is in the prices of oil-based materials in our products, which are primarily the plastics and other components that we include in our finished products. The second is in the cost of delivery and freight, which would be passed on by the carriers that we use in the form of higher rates. We record freight-in as a cost of sales and freight-out in operating expenses. Rising oil prices may have an adverse effect on cost of sales and operating expenses. Proprietary Technologies We produce highly complex products that incorporate leading-edge technology, including hardware, firmware, and software. Firmware and software may contain bugs that may unexpectedly interfere with product operation. There can be no assurance that our testing programs will detect all defects in individual products or defects that may affect numerous shipments. The 21 presence of defects may harm customer satisfaction, reduce sales opportunities, or increase returns. An inability to cure or repair such a defect may result in the failure of a product line, temporary or permanent withdrawal from a product or market, damage to our reputation, increased inventory costs, or product re-engineering expenses, any of which may have a material impact on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Strategic Business Transactions We may, from time to time, pursue strategic alliances, joint ventures, business acquisitions, products or technologies ("strategic business transactions") that complement or expand our existing operations, including those that may be material in size and scope. Strategic business transactions involve many risks, including the diversion of management's attention away from day-to- day operations. There is also the risk that we will not be able to successfully integrate the strategic business transaction with our operations, personnel, customer base, products or technologies. Such strategic business transactions may also have adverse short-term effects on our operating results, and may result in dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt, and the loss of key employees. In addition, these strategic business transactions are subject to specific accounting guidelines that may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. Growth Projections including those involving: Management has made projections required for the preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") regarding future events and the financial performance of the company, • the benefits the company expects as a result of the development and success of products and technologies, including new products and technologies; • the benefits expected by conducting business in Asian and Brazilian markets, without which, we may not be able to recover the costs we incur to enter into such markets; • new contracts with new and existing customers and new market penetrations; • • • the expected continued adoption of the company's technologies in gaming consoles and mobile devices; the expected continued growth in digital TVs, DVRs, PVRs and overall growth in the company's industry; and the effects we may experience due to current global and regional economic conditions. Actual events or results may be unfavorable to management's projections, which may have a material adverse effect on our projected operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Additionally, we have goodwill and intangible assets recorded on our balance sheet. We periodically evaluate the recoverability of the carrying value of our goodwill and intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such value may not be recoverable. Impairment assessment involves judgment as to assumptions regarding future sales and cash flows and the impact of market conditions on those assumptions. Future events and changing market conditions may impact our assumptions and may result in changes in our estimates of future sales and cash flows that may result in us incurring substantial impairment charges, which would adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition. tax laws and the discovery of new information in the course of our tax return preparation process. Furthermore, our tax provisions may be adversely affected as a result of any new interpretative accounting guidance related to accounting for uncertain tax positions. Environmental Matters Many of our products are subject to various federal, state, local and international laws governing chemical substances in products, including laws regulating the manufacture and distribution of chemical substances and restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products. In addition, many of these laws and regulations make producers of electrical goods responsible for collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of recovered products. As a result, we may face significant costs and liabilities in complying with these laws and any future laws and regulations or enforcement policies that may have a material adverse effect upon our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows. Leased Property We lease all of the properties used in our business. We can give no assurance that we will enter into new or renewal leases, or that, if entered into, the new lease terms will be similar to the existing terms or that the terms of any such new or renewal leases will not have a significant and material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Failure to Recruit, Hire, and Retain Key Personnel Our ability to achieve growth in the future will depend, in part, on our success at recruiting, hiring, training, developing and retaining highly skilled engineering, managerial, operational, sales and marketing personnel. If our salary and benefits fail to stay competitive it may negatively impact our ability to hire and retain key personnel and we may experience low morale, inefficiency or internal control failures. The inability to recruit, hire, train, develop and retain qualified personnel, or the loss of any key personnel, may make it difficult to meet key objectives, such as timely and effective product introductions, and also limit our ability to grow and expand our business. Transportation Costs, Tariffs, and Impact of Oil Prices We ship products from our factories and foreign manufacturers via ocean and air transport. It is sometimes difficult to forecast swings in demand or delays in production and, as a result, products may be shipped via air which is more costly than ocean shipments. We typically cannot recover the increased cost of air freight from our customers. Additionally, tariffs and other export fees may be incurred to ship products from foreign manufacturers to the customer. The inability to predict swings in demand or delays in production may increase the cost of freight which may have a material adverse effect on our product margins. In addition, we have an exposure to oil prices in two forms. The first is in the prices of oil-based materials in our products, which are primarily the plastics and other components that we include in our finished products. The second is in the cost of delivery and freight, which would be passed on by the carriers that we use in the form of higher rates. We record freight-in as a cost of sales and freight-out in operating expenses. Rising oil prices may have an adverse effect on cost of sales and operating expenses. Proprietary Technologies 34 21 22 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 34 4/12/17 2:38 PM tax laws and the discovery of new information in the course of our tax return preparation process. Furthermore, our tax provisions may be adversely affected as a result of any new interpretative accounting guidance related to accounting for uncertain tax positions. Environmental Matters Many of our products are subject to various federal, state, local and international laws governing chemical substances in products, including laws regulating the manufacture and distribution of chemical substances and restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products. In addition, many of these laws and regulations make producers of electrical goods responsible for collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of recovered products. As a result, we may face significant costs and liabilities in complying with these laws and any future laws and regulations or enforcement policies that may have a material adverse effect upon our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows. Leased Property We lease all of the properties used in our business. We can give no assurance that we will enter into new or renewal leases, or that, if entered into, the new lease terms will be similar to the existing terms or that the terms of any such new or renewal leases will not have a significant and material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Failure to Recruit, Hire, and Retain Key Personnel Our ability to achieve growth in the future will depend, in part, on our success at recruiting, hiring, training, developing and retaining highly skilled engineering, managerial, operational, sales and marketing personnel. If our salary and benefits fail to stay competitive it may negatively impact our ability to hire and retain key personnel and we may experience low morale, inefficiency or internal control failures. The inability to recruit, hire, train, develop and retain qualified personnel, or the loss of any key personnel, may make it difficult to meet key objectives, such as timely and effective product introductions, and also limit our ability to grow and expand our business. Transportation Costs, Tariffs, and Impact of Oil Prices We ship products from our factories and foreign manufacturers via ocean and air transport. It is sometimes difficult to forecast swings in demand or delays in production and, as a result, products may be shipped via air which is more costly than ocean shipments. We typically cannot recover the increased cost of air freight from our customers. Additionally, tariffs and other export fees may be incurred to ship products from foreign manufacturers to the customer. The inability to predict swings in demand or delays in production may increase the cost of freight which may have a material adverse effect on our product margins. In addition, we have an exposure to oil prices in two forms. The first is in the prices of oil-based materials in our products, which are primarily the plastics and other components that we include in our finished products. The second is in the cost of delivery and freight, which would be passed on by the carriers that we use in the form of higher rates. We record freight-in as a cost of sales and freight-out in operating expenses. Rising oil prices may have an adverse effect on cost of sales and operating expenses. provisions may be adversely affected as a result of any new interpretative accounting guidance related to accounting for uncertain tax positions. Environmental Matters Many of our products are subject to various federal, state, local and international laws governing chemical substances in products, including laws regulating the manufacture and distribution of chemical substances and restricting the presence of certain substances in electronics products. In addition, many of these laws and regulations make producers of electrical goods responsible for collection, recycling, treatment and disposal of recovered products. As a result, we may face significant costs material adverse effect upon our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows. Leased Property We lease all of the properties used in our business. We can give no assurance that we will enter into new or renewal leases, or that, if entered into, the new lease terms will be similar to the existing terms or that the terms of any such new or renewal leases will not have a significant and material adverse effect on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Failure to Recruit, Hire, and Retain Key Personnel Our ability to achieve growth in the future will depend, in part, on our success at recruiting, hiring, training, developing and retaining highly skilled engineering, managerial, operational, sales and marketing personnel. If our salary and benefits fail to stay competitive it may negatively impact our ability to hire and retain key personnel and we may experience low morale, inefficiency or internal control failures. The inability to recruit, hire, train, develop and retain qualified personnel, or the loss of any key personnel, may make it difficult to meet key objectives, such as timely and effective product introductions, and also limit our ability to grow and expand our business. Transportation Costs, Tariffs, and Impact of Oil Prices We ship products from our factories and foreign manufacturers via ocean and air transport. It is sometimes difficult to forecast swings in demand or delays in production and, as a result, products may be shipped via air which is more costly than ocean shipments. We typically cannot recover the increased cost of air freight from our customers. Additionally, tariffs and other export fees may be incurred to ship products from foreign manufacturers to the customer. The inability to predict swings in demand or delays in production may increase the cost of freight which may have a material adverse effect on our product margins. In addition, we have an exposure to oil prices in two forms. The first is in the prices of oil-based materials in our products, which are primarily the plastics and other components that we include in our finished products. The second is in the cost of delivery and freight, which would be passed on by the carriers that we use in the form of higher rates. We record freight-in as a cost of sales and freight-out in operating expenses. Rising oil prices may have an adverse effect on cost of sales and operating expenses. Proprietary Technologies tax laws and the discovery of new information in the course of our tax return preparation process. Furthermore, our tax Proprietary Technologies We produce highly complex products that incorporate leading-edge technology, including hardware, firmware, and software. Firmware and software may contain bugs that may unexpectedly interfere with product operation. There can be no assurance that our testing programs will detect all defects in individual products or defects that may affect numerous shipments. The 21 presence of defects may harm customer satisfaction, reduce sales opportunities, or increase returns. An inability to cure or repair such a defect may result in the failure of a product line, temporary or permanent withdrawal from a product or market, damage to our reputation, increased inventory costs, or product re-engineering expenses, any of which may have a material impact on our operating results, financial condition and cash flows. and liabilities in complying with these laws and any future laws and regulations or enforcement policies that may have a Strategic Business Transactions We may, from time to time, pursue strategic alliances, joint ventures, business acquisitions, products or technologies ("strategic business transactions") that complement or expand our existing operations, including those that may be material in size and scope. Strategic business transactions involve many risks, including the diversion of management's attention away from day-to- day operations. There is also the risk that we will not be able to successfully integrate the strategic business transaction with our operations, personnel, customer base, products or technologies. Such strategic business transactions may also have adverse short-term effects on our operating results, and may result in dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt, and the loss of key employees. In addition, these strategic business transactions are subject to specific accounting guidelines that may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. Growth Projections Management has made projections required for the preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") regarding future events and the financial performance of the company, including those involving: • • the benefits the company expects as a result of the development and success of products and technologies, including new products and technologies; the benefits expected by conducting business in Asian and Brazilian markets, without which, we may not be able to recover the costs we incur to enter into such markets; • new contracts with new and existing customers and new market penetrations; • • • the expected continued adoption of the company's technologies in gaming consoles and mobile devices; the expected continued growth in digital TVs, DVRs, PVRs and overall growth in the company's industry; and the effects we may experience due to current global and regional economic conditions. Actual events or results may be unfavorable to management's projections, which may have a material adverse effect on our projected operating results, financial condition and cash flows. Additionally, we have goodwill and intangible assets recorded on our balance sheet. We periodically evaluate the recoverability of the carrying value of our goodwill and intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such value may not be recoverable. Impairment assessment involves judgment as to assumptions regarding future sales and cash flows and the impact of market conditions on those assumptions. Future events and changing market conditions may impact our assumptions and may result in changes in our estimates of future sales and cash flows that may result in us incurring substantial impairment charges, which would adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition. 21 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 35 22 35 4/12/17 2:38 PM Market Projections and Data are Forward-looking in Nature. Delaware Law and Our Governing Corporate Documents Contain, and Our Board of Directors May Implement, Antitakeover Our strategy is based on our own projections and on analyst, industry observer and expert projections, which are forward- looking in nature and are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties. The validity of their and our assumptions, the timing and scope of the markets within which we compete, economic conditions, customer buying patterns, the timeliness of equipment development, pricing of products, and availability of capital for infrastructure improvements may affect these predictions. In addition, market data upon which we rely is based on third party reports that may be inaccurate. The inaccuracy of any of these projections and/or market data may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition. Provisions that May Deter Takeover Attempts Under the Delaware business combination statute, a stockholder holding 15 percent or more of our outstanding voting stock may not acquire us without Board of Director consent for at least three years after the date the stockholder first held 15 percent or more of the voting stock. Our governing corporate documents also, among other things, require super-majority votes in connection with mergers and similar transactions. In addition, our Board of Directors may, without stockholder approval, implement other anti-takeover defenses, such as a stockholder's rights plan. Cybersecurity Issues: Failure to Maintain the Integrity of and Protect Internal or Customer Data May Result in Faulty Business Decisions, Operational Inefficiencies, Damage to our Reputation and/or Subject Us to Costs, Fines, or Lawsuits Regulations Related to the Use of Conflict-Free Minerals May Increase Our Costs and Expenses, and an Inability to Certify that Our Products are Conflict-Free May Adversely Affect Customer Relationships Our business requires collection and retention of large volumes of internal and customer data, including personally identifiable information of our customers in various information systems that we maintain and in those maintained by third parties with whom we contract to provide services, including in areas such as customer product servicing, human resources outsourcing, website hosting, and various forms of electronic communications. We and third parties who provide services to us also maintain personally identifiable information about our employees. The integrity and protection of that customer, employee, and company data is critical to us. If that data is inaccurate or incomplete, we may make faulty decisions. Our customers and employees also have a high expectation that we and our service providers will adequately protect their personal information. The information, security and privacy requirements imposed by governmental regulation is also increasingly demanding, in both the United States and other jurisdictions where we operate. Our systems and those of our service providers may be unable to satisfy these changing requirements and employee and customer expectations, or may require significant additional investments or time in order to do so. Efforts to hack or breach security measures, failures of systems or software to operate as designed or intended, viruses, operator error, or inadvertent releases of data may materially impact our and our service providers' information systems and records. Our reliance on computer, Internet-based and mobile systems and communications and the frequency and sophistication of efforts by hackers to gain unauthorized access to such systems have increased significantly in recent years. A significant theft, loss, or fraudulent use of customer, employee, or company data maintained by us or by a service provider could adversely impact our reputation, cause harm to our business generally, and could result in remedial and other expenses, fines, or litigation. Breaches in the security of our information systems or those of our service providers or other disruptions in data services could lead to an interruption in the operation of our systems, resulting in a loss of data, operational inefficiencies and a loss of profits. Effectiveness of Our Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to include in our Annual Report on Form 10-K our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Furthermore, our independent registered public accounting firm is required to audit our internal control over financial reporting and separately report on whether it believes we maintain, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting. Although we believe that we currently have adequate internal control procedures in place, we cannot be certain that future material changes to our internal control over financial reporting will be effective. Additionally, in 2016 we began implementing a new global ERP system which will start to impact our internal controls in 2017 as we begin the process of going live with this new system regionally in phases beginning in early 2017. If we cannot adequately maintain the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, we may be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities, such as the SEC. Any such action may adversely affect our financial results and the market price of our common stock. The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act contains provisions to improve the transparency and accountability of the use by public companies in their products of minerals mined in certain countries and to prevent the sourcing of such "conflict" minerals. As a result, the SEC enacted new annual disclosure and reporting requirements for public companies that use these minerals in their products, which apply to us. Under the final rules, we are required to conduct due diligence to determine the source of any conflict minerals used in our products and to make annual disclosures in filings with the SEC. Because our supply chain is broad-based and complex, we may not be able to easily verify the origins for all minerals used in our products. In addition, the new rules may reduce the number of suppliers who provide components and products containing conflict-free minerals and thus may increase the cost of the components used in manufacturing our products and the costs of our products to us. Any increased costs and expenses may have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Further, if we are unable to certify that our products are conflict free, we may face challenges with our customers, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage, and our reputation may be harmed. We are Subject to a Wide Variety of Complex Domestic and Foreign Laws and Regulations. We are subject to a wide variety of complex domestic and foreign laws and regulations, and legal compliance risks, including securities laws, tax laws, employment and pension-related laws, competition laws, U.S. and foreign export and trading laws, and laws governing improper business practices. We are affected by new laws and regulations, and changes to existing laws and regulations, including interpretations by courts and regulators. From time to time, our Company, our operations and the industries in which we operate are being reviewed or investigated by regulators, which may lead to enforcement actions or the assertion of private litigation claims and damages. Although we believe that we have adopted appropriate risk management and compliance programs to mitigate these risks, the global and diverse nature of our operations means that compliance risks will continue to exist. Investigations, examinations and other proceedings, the nature and outcome of which cannot be predicted, will likely arise from time to time. These investigations, examinations and other proceedings may subject us to significant liability and require us to make significant accruals or pay significant settlements, fines and penalties, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. 36 23 24 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 36 4/12/17 2:38 PM Market Projections and Data are Forward-looking in Nature. Our strategy is based on our own projections and on analyst, industry observer and expert projections, which are forward- looking in nature and are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties. The validity of their and our assumptions, the timing and scope of the markets within which we compete, economic conditions, customer buying patterns, the timeliness of equipment development, pricing of products, and availability of capital for infrastructure improvements may affect these predictions. In addition, market data upon which we rely is based on third party reports that may be inaccurate. The inaccuracy of any of these projections and/or market data may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition. Delaware Law and Our Governing Corporate Documents Contain, and Our Board of Directors May Implement, Antitakeover Provisions that May Deter Takeover Attempts Under the Delaware business combination statute, a stockholder holding 15 percent or more of our outstanding voting stock may not acquire us without Board of Director consent for at least three years after the date the stockholder first held 15 percent or more of the voting stock. Our governing corporate documents also, among other things, require super-majority votes in connection with mergers and similar transactions. In addition, our Board of Directors may, without stockholder approval, implement other anti-takeover defenses, such as a stockholder's rights plan. Cybersecurity Issues: Failure to Maintain the Integrity of and Protect Internal or Customer Data May Result in Faulty Business Decisions, Operational Inefficiencies, Damage to our Reputation and/or Subject Us to Costs, Fines, or Lawsuits Regulations Related to the Use of Conflict-Free Minerals May Increase Our Costs and Expenses, and an Inability to Certify that Our Products are Conflict-Free May Adversely Affect Customer Relationships The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act contains provisions to improve the transparency and accountability of the use by public companies in their products of minerals mined in certain countries and to prevent the sourcing of such "conflict" minerals. As a result, the SEC enacted new annual disclosure and reporting requirements for public companies that use these minerals in their products, which apply to us. Under the final rules, we are required to conduct due diligence to determine the source of any conflict minerals used in our products and to make annual disclosures in filings with the SEC. Because our supply chain is broad-based and complex, we may not be able to easily verify the origins for all minerals used in our products. In addition, the new rules may reduce the number of suppliers who provide components and products containing conflict-free minerals and thus may increase the cost of the components used in manufacturing our products and the costs of our products to us. Any increased costs and expenses may have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. Further, if we are unable to certify that our products are conflict free, we may face challenges with our customers, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage, and our reputation may be harmed. and records. Our reliance on computer, Internet-based and mobile systems and communications and the frequency and We are Subject to a Wide Variety of Complex Domestic and Foreign Laws and Regulations. We are subject to a wide variety of complex domestic and foreign laws and regulations, and legal compliance risks, including securities laws, tax laws, employment and pension-related laws, competition laws, U.S. and foreign export and trading laws, and laws governing improper business practices. We are affected by new laws and regulations, and changes to existing laws and regulations, including interpretations by courts and regulators. From time to time, our Company, our operations and the industries in which we operate are being reviewed or investigated by regulators, which may lead to enforcement actions or the assertion of private litigation claims and damages. Although we believe that we have adopted appropriate risk management and compliance programs to mitigate these risks, the global and diverse nature of our operations means that compliance risks will continue to exist. Investigations, examinations and other proceedings, the nature and outcome of which cannot be predicted, will likely arise from time to time. These investigations, examinations and other proceedings may subject us to significant liability and require us to make significant accruals or pay significant settlements, fines and penalties, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. Our business requires collection and retention of large volumes of internal and customer data, including personally identifiable information of our customers in various information systems that we maintain and in those maintained by third parties with whom we contract to provide services, including in areas such as customer product servicing, human resources outsourcing, website hosting, and various forms of electronic communications. We and third parties who provide services to us also maintain personally identifiable information about our employees. The integrity and protection of that customer, employee, and company data is critical to us. If that data is inaccurate or incomplete, we may make faulty decisions. Our customers and employees also have a high expectation that we and our service providers will adequately protect their personal information. The information, security and privacy requirements imposed by governmental regulation is also increasingly demanding, in both the United States and other jurisdictions where we operate. Our systems and those of our service providers may be unable to satisfy these changing requirements and employee and customer expectations, or may require significant additional investments or time in order to do so. Efforts to hack or breach security measures, failures of systems or software to operate as designed or intended, viruses, operator error, or inadvertent releases of data may materially impact our and our service providers' information systems sophistication of efforts by hackers to gain unauthorized access to such systems have increased significantly in recent years. A significant theft, loss, or fraudulent use of customer, employee, or company data maintained by us or by a service provider could adversely impact our reputation, cause harm to our business generally, and could result in remedial and other expenses, fines, or litigation. Breaches in the security of our information systems or those of our service providers or other disruptions in data services could lead to an interruption in the operation of our systems, resulting in a loss of data, operational inefficiencies and a loss of profits. Effectiveness of Our Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are required to include in our Annual Report on Form 10-K our assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Furthermore, our independent registered public accounting firm is required to audit our internal control over financial reporting and separately report on whether it believes we maintain, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting. Although we believe that we currently have adequate internal control procedures in place, we cannot be certain that future material changes to our internal control over financial reporting will be effective. Additionally, in 2016 we began implementing a new global ERP system which will start to impact our internal controls in 2017 as we begin the process of going live with this new system regionally in phases beginning in early 2017. If we cannot adequately maintain the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, we may be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities, such as the SEC. Any such action may adversely affect our financial results and the market price of our common stock. 23 24 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 37 37 4/12/17 2:38 PM We are Required to Comply with Numerous Complex and Increasingly Stringent Domestic and Foreign Health, Safety and Environmental Laws and Regulations, the Cost of Which is Likely to Increase. Our operations are subject to various domestic and foreign health, safety and environmental laws and regulations. These laws and regulations not only govern our current operations and products, but also impose potential liability on us for our past operations. We expect health, safety and environmental laws and regulations to impose increasingly stringent requirements upon our industry and us in the future. Our costs to comply with these laws and regulations may increase as these requirements become more stringent in the future, and these increased costs may adversely affect our results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. Changes in Financial Accounting Standards or Policies May Affect Our Reported Financial Condition or Results of Operations. From time to time the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") and the SEC change their guidance governing the form and content of our external financial statements. In addition, accounting standard setters and those who interpret GAAP, such as the FASB and the SEC may change or even reverse their previous interpretations or positions with regard to how these standards should be applied. A change in accounting principles or their interpretation can have a significant effect on our reported results. In certain cases, the company may be required to apply new or revised guidance retroactively or apply existing guidance differently. For example, in May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers", which may impact the timing of revenue recognition for new and existing contracts with customers. This and other potential changes in reporting standards may substantially change our reporting practices in a number of areas, including revenue recognition and recording of assets and liabilities, and affect our reported financial condition or results of operations. 38 25 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 38 4/12/17 2:38 PM SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA The information below is not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations and should be read in conjunction with "MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS", and the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA" in order to further understand the factors that may affect the comparability of the financial data (In thousands, except per share data) 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Year Ended December 31, $ 651,371 $ 602,833 $ 562,329 $ 529,354 $ 463,090 25,397 20,354 $ $ 35,919 29,174 $ $ 41,280 32,534 $ $ 32,154 22,963 $ $ 26,202 16,553 presented below. Net sales Operating income Basic Diluted Basic Diluted Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. $ Earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc.: $ $ $ Shares used in computing earnings per share: Cash dividends declared per common share Gross margin Selling, general, administrative, research and development expenses as a % of net sales Operating margin Net income as a % of net sales Return on average assets 1.41 1.38 $ $ 1.91 1.88 $ $ 2.06 2.01 $ $ 1.51 1.47 $ $ 1.11 1.10 14,465 14,764 — 15,248 15,542 — 15,781 16,152 — 15,248 15,601 — 14,952 15,110 — 25.2 % 27.7 % 29.7 % 28.6 % 28.8 % 21.3 % 21.8 % 22.4 % 22.5 % 23.2 % 3.9 % 3.1 % 4.0 % 5.9 % 4.8 % 6.1 % 7.3 % 5.8 % 7.3 % 6.1 % 4.3 % 5.7 % 5.6 % 3.6 % 4.4 % December 31, (In thousands, except per share data) 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Working capital Ratio of current assets to current liabilities Total assets Cash and cash equivalents Line of credit Stockholders’ equity Book value per share (1) $ 108,291 $ 100,200 $ 183,600 $ 158,548 $ 113,488 1.5 1.5 2.3 2.3 2.0 $ 521,036 $ 495,220 $ 463,070 $ 423,733 $ 379,324 50,611 49,987 $ $ 52,966 $ 112,521 50,000 $ $ $ — 76,174 — $ $ 44,593 — $ 280,510 $ 257,908 $ 315,621 $ 291,270 $ 250,650 19.28 $ 17.97 $ 19.85 $ 18.55 $ 16.74 $ $ $ Ratio of liabilities to liabilities and stockholders’ equity 46.2 % 47.9 % 31.8 % 31.3 % 33.9 % (1) Book value per share is defined as stockholders’ equity divided by common shares issued less treasury stock. The comparability of information for 2016 and 2015 compared to previous years is affected by the acquisition of the net assets of Ecolink during the third quarter of 2015. See "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 22" for further information. 26 Environmental Laws and Regulations, the Cost of Which is Likely to Increase. Our operations are subject to various domestic and foreign health, safety and environmental laws and regulations. These laws and regulations not only govern our current operations and products, but also impose potential liability on us for our past operations. We expect health, safety and environmental laws and regulations to impose increasingly stringent requirements upon our industry and us in the future. Our costs to comply with these laws and regulations may increase as these requirements become more stringent in the future, and these increased costs may adversely affect our results of operations, cash flow or financial condition. Operations. Changes in Financial Accounting Standards or Policies May Affect Our Reported Financial Condition or Results of From time to time the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") and the SEC change their guidance governing the form and content of our external financial statements. In addition, accounting standard setters and those who interpret GAAP, such as the FASB and the SEC may change or even reverse their previous interpretations or positions with regard to how these standards should be applied. A change in accounting principles or their interpretation can have a significant effect on our reported results. In certain cases, the company may be required to apply new or revised guidance retroactively or apply existing guidance differently. For example, in May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers", which may impact the timing of revenue recognition for new and existing contracts with customers. This and other potential recognition and recording of assets and liabilities, and affect our reported financial condition or results of operations. We are Required to Comply with Numerous Complex and Increasingly Stringent Domestic and Foreign Health, Safety and SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA The information below is not necessarily indicative of the results of future operations and should be read in conjunction with "MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS", in "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND and SUPPLEMENTARY DATA" in order to further understand the factors that may affect the comparability of the financial data presented below. the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes included thereto (In thousands, except per share data) Net sales Operating income Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. $ 2016 $ 651,371 25,397 $ 20,354 Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 2012 $ 602,833 35,919 $ 29,174 $ $ 562,329 41,280 $ 32,534 $ $ 529,354 32,154 $ 22,963 $ $ 463,090 26,202 $ 16,553 $ changes in reporting standards may substantially change our reporting practices in a number of areas, including revenue Cash dividends declared per common share Gross margin Selling, general, administrative, research and development expenses as a % of net sales Operating margin Net income as a % of net sales Return on average assets Earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc.: Basic Diluted Shares used in computing earnings per share: Basic Diluted $ $ 1.41 1.38 $ $ 1.91 1.88 $ $ 2.06 2.01 $ $ 1.51 1.47 $ $ 1.11 1.10 14,465 14,764 — 25.2 % 15,248 15,542 — 27.7 % 15,781 16,152 — 29.7 % 15,248 15,601 — 28.6 % 14,952 15,110 — 28.8 % 21.3 % 21.8 % 22.4 % 22.5 % 23.2 % 3.9 % 3.1 % 4.0 % 5.9 % 4.8 % 6.1 % 7.3 % 5.8 % 7.3 % 6.1 % 4.3 % 5.7 % 5.6 % 3.6 % 4.4 % (In thousands, except per share data) Working capital Ratio of current assets to current liabilities Total assets Cash and cash equivalents Line of credit Stockholders’ equity Book value per share (1) Ratio of liabilities to liabilities and stockholders’ equity December 31, 2016 $ 108,291 1.5 $ 521,036 50,611 $ 49,987 $ $ 280,510 19.28 $ 2015 2014 2013 2012 $ 100,200 1.5 $ 495,220 52,966 $ 50,000 $ $ 257,908 17.97 $ $ 183,600 2.3 $ 463,070 $ 112,521 — $ $ 315,621 19.85 $ $ 158,548 2.3 $ 423,733 76,174 $ — $ $ 291,270 18.55 $ $ 113,488 2.0 $ 379,324 44,593 $ — $ $ 250,650 16.74 $ 46.2 % 47.9 % 31.8 % 31.3 % 33.9 % (1) Book value per share is defined as stockholders’ equity divided by common shares issued less treasury stock. The comparability of information for 2016 and 2015 compared to previous years is affected by the acquisition of the net assets of Ecolink during the third quarter of 2015. See "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 22" for further information. 25 26 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 39 39 4/12/17 2:38 PM MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this document. Overview We develop and manufacture a broad line of pre-programmed universal remote control products, AV accessories, software and intelligent wireless automation components dedicated to redefining the home entertainment and automation experience. Our customers operate primarily in the consumer electronics market and include subscription broadcasters, OEMs, international retailers, private label brands, pro-security installers and companies in the computing industry. We also sell integrated circuits, on which our software and device control database is embedded, and license our device control database to OEMs that manufacture televisions, digital audio and video players, streamer boxes, cable converters, satellite receivers, set-top boxes, room air conditioning equipment, game consoles, and wireless mobile phones and tablets. Since our beginning in 1986, we have compiled an extensive device control database that covers nearly one million individual device functions and approximately 7,900 unique consumer electronic brands. QuickSet®, our proprietary software, can automatically detect, identify and enable the appropriate control commands for home entertainment, automation and appliances like air conditioners. Our library is regularly updated with new control functions captured directly from devices, remote controls and manufacturer specifications to ensure the accuracy and integrity of our database and control engine. Our universal remote control library contains device codes that are capable of controlling virtually all set-top boxes, televisions, audio components, DVD players, Blu-Ray players, and CD players, as well as most other remote controlled home entertainment devices and home automation control modules worldwide. With the wider adoption of more advanced control technologies, emerging RF technologies, such as RF4CE, Bluetooth, and Bluetooth Smart have increasingly become a focus in our development efforts. Several new recently released platforms utilize RF to effectively implement popular features like voice search. We operate as one business segment. We have 23 international subsidiaries located in Argentina, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, France, Germany, Hong Kong (3), India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, People's Republic of China (6), Singapore, Spain and the United Kingdom. To recap our results for 2016: • Net sales increased 8.1% to $651.4 million in 2016 from $602.8 million in 2015. • Our gross margin percentage decreased from 27.7% in 2015 to 25.2% in 2016. • Operating expenses, as a percent of sales, decreased from 21.8% in 2015 to 21.3% in 2016 • Operating income decreased 29.3% to $25.4 million in 2016 from $35.9 million in 2015, and our operating We recognize revenue on the sale of products when title of the goods has transferred, there is persuasive evidence of an margin percentage decreased to 3.9% in 2016, compared to 5.9% in 2015. • Our effective tax rate increased to 19.1% in 2016 from 18.9% in 2015. 40 27 28 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 40 4/12/17 2:38 PM Our strategic business objectives for 2017 include the following: • continue to develop and market the advanced remote control products and technologies our customer base is adopting; continue to broaden our home control and automation product offerings; further penetrate international subscription broadcasting markets; acquire new customers in historically strong regions; increase our share with existing customers; and • • • • • continue to seek acquisitions or strategic partners that complement and strengthen our existing business. We intend for the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations to provide information that will assist in understanding our consolidated financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements from period to period, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles, policies and estimates affect our consolidated financial statements. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, allowances for sales returns and doubtful accounts, inventory valuation, our review for impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill, business combinations, income taxes, stock-based compensation expense and performance-based common stock warrants. Actual results may differ from these judgments and estimates, and they may be adjusted as more information becomes available. Any adjustment may be significant and may have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different estimates reasonably may have been used, or if changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur may materially impact the financial statements. Management believes the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. In addition to the accounting policies mentioned below, see "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 2" for other significant accounting policies. Revenue recognition reasonably assured. arrangement (such as a purchase order from the customer), the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is A provision is recorded for estimated sales returns and allowances and is deducted from gross sales to arrive at net sales in the period the related revenue is recorded. These estimates are based on historical sales returns and allowances, analysis of credit memo data and other known factors. Actual returns and claims in any future period are inherently uncertain and thus may differ MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF Our strategic business objectives for 2017 include the following: The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes that OPERATIONS appear elsewhere in this document. Overview We develop and manufacture a broad line of pre-programmed universal remote control products, AV accessories, software and intelligent wireless automation components dedicated to redefining the home entertainment and automation experience. Our customers operate primarily in the consumer electronics market and include subscription broadcasters, OEMs, international retailers, private label brands, pro-security installers and companies in the computing industry. We also sell integrated circuits, on which our software and device control database is embedded, and license our device control database to OEMs that manufacture televisions, digital audio and video players, streamer boxes, cable converters, satellite receivers, set-top boxes, room air conditioning equipment, game consoles, and wireless mobile phones and tablets. Since our beginning in 1986, we have compiled an extensive device control database that covers nearly one million individual device functions and approximately 7,900 unique consumer electronic brands. QuickSet®, our proprietary software, can automatically detect, identify and enable the appropriate control commands for home entertainment, automation and appliances like air conditioners. Our library is regularly updated with new control functions captured directly from devices, remote controls and manufacturer specifications to ensure the accuracy and integrity of our database and control engine. Our universal remote control library contains device codes that are capable of controlling virtually all set-top boxes, televisions, audio components, DVD players, Blu-Ray players, and CD players, as well as most other remote controlled home entertainment devices and home automation control modules worldwide. With the wider adoption of more advanced control technologies, emerging RF technologies, such as RF4CE, Bluetooth, and Bluetooth Smart have increasingly become a focus in our development efforts. Several new recently released platforms utilize RF to effectively implement popular features like voice search. We operate as one business segment. We have 23 international subsidiaries located in Argentina, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, France, Germany, Hong Kong (3), India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, People's Republic of China (6), Singapore, Spain and the United Kingdom. To recap our results for 2016: • Net sales increased 8.1% to $651.4 million in 2016 from $602.8 million in 2015. • Our gross margin percentage decreased from 27.7% in 2015 to 25.2% in 2016. • • • • • • continue to develop and market the advanced remote control products and technologies our customer base is adopting; continue to broaden our home control and automation product offerings; further penetrate international subscription broadcasting markets; acquire new customers in historically strong regions; increase our share with existing customers; and continue to seek acquisitions or strategic partners that complement and strengthen our existing business. We intend for the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations to provide information that will assist in understanding our consolidated financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements from period to period, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles, policies and estimates affect our consolidated financial statements. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, allowances for sales returns and doubtful accounts, inventory valuation, our review for impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill, business combinations, income taxes, stock-based compensation expense and performance-based common stock warrants. Actual results may differ from these judgments and estimates, and they may be adjusted as more information becomes available. Any adjustment may be significant and may have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. An accounting policy is deemed to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different estimates reasonably may have been used, or if changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur may materially impact the financial statements. Management believes the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. In addition to the accounting policies mentioned below, see "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 2" for other significant accounting policies. • Operating expenses, as a percent of sales, decreased from 21.8% in 2015 to 21.3% in 2016 Revenue recognition • Operating income decreased 29.3% to $25.4 million in 2016 from $35.9 million in 2015, and our operating margin percentage decreased to 3.9% in 2016, compared to 5.9% in 2015. • Our effective tax rate increased to 19.1% in 2016 from 18.9% in 2015. We recognize revenue on the sale of products when title of the goods has transferred, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement (such as a purchase order from the customer), the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. A provision is recorded for estimated sales returns and allowances and is deducted from gross sales to arrive at net sales in the period the related revenue is recorded. These estimates are based on historical sales returns and allowances, analysis of credit memo data and other known factors. Actual returns and claims in any future period are inherently uncertain and thus may differ 27 28 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 41 41 4/12/17 2:38 PM from our estimates. If actual or expected future returns and claims are significantly greater or lower than the reserves that we have established, we will record a reduction or increase to net revenues in the period in which we make such a determination. We accrue for discounts and rebates based on historical experience and our expectations regarding future sales to our customers. These accruals are recorded as a reduction to sales in the same period as the related revenues. Changes in such accruals may be required if future rebates and incentives differ from our estimates. impact on our financial statements. Such circumstances may include, but are not limited to, the development of new competing technology that impedes the marketability of our products or the occurrence of significant price decreases in our raw material or component parts, such as integrated circuits. Each percentage point change in the ratio of excess and obsolete inventory reserve to inventory would impact cost of sales by approximately $1.3 million. Valuation of Long-Lived Assets and Intangible Assets Revenue for the sale of tooling is recognized when the related tooling has been provided, customer acceptance documentation has been obtained, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. We assess long-lived and intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors considered important which may trigger an impairment review, if significant, We generate service revenue, which is paid monthly, as a result of providing consumer support programs to some of our customers through our call centers. These service revenues are recognized when services are performed, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists (such as when a signed agreement is received from the customer), the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. We license our intellectual property including our patented technologies, trademarks, and database of control codes. When our license fees are paid on a per unit basis we record license revenue when our customers ship a product incorporating our intellectual property, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. When a fixed upfront license fee is received in exchange for the delivery of a particular database of infrared codes that represents the culmination of the earnings process, we record revenues when delivery has occurred, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue for term license fees is recognized on a straight-line basis over the effective term of the license when we cannot reliably predict in which periods, within the term of the license, the licensee will benefit from the use of our patented inventions. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make payments for products sold or services rendered. The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on a variety of factors, including credit reviews, historical experience, length of time receivables are past due, current economic trends and changes in customer payment behavior. We also record specific provisions for individual accounts when we become aware of a customer's inability to meet its financial obligations to us, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings or deterioration in the customer's operating results or financial position. Our historical reserves have been sufficient to cover losses from uncollectible accounts. However, because we cannot predict future changes in the financial stability of our customers, actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ from our estimates and may have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Inventories Our finished good, component part, and raw material inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. We write-down our inventory for the estimated difference between cost and estimated market value based upon our best estimates of future demand and market conditions. We carry inventory in amounts necessary to satisfy our customers' inventory requirements on a timely basis. We continually monitor our inventory status to control inventory levels and write-down any excess or obsolete inventories on hand. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required which may have a material include the following: • underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results; changes in the manner of use of the assets; changes in the strategy of our overall business; • negative industry or economic trends; • • • • a decline in our stock price for a sustained period; and a variance between our market capitalization relative to net book value. If the carrying value of the asset is larger than its projected undiscounted future cash flows, the asset is impaired. The impairment is measured as the difference between the net book value of the asset and the asset's estimated fair value. Fair value is estimated utilizing the asset's projected discounted future cash flows. In assessing fair value, we must make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows, the discount rate and other factors. Goodwill We evaluate the carrying value of goodwill on December 31 of each year and between annual evaluations if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. Such circumstances may include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. To evaluate whether goodwill is impaired, we conduct a two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the first step we compare the estimated fair value of our single reporting unit to the reporting unit's carrying amount, including goodwill. We estimate the fair value of our reporting unit based on income and market approaches. Under the income approach, we calculate the fair value based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate the fair value based on market multiples of enterprise value to EBITDA for comparable companies. If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then we perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill. To calculate the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill, the fair value of the reporting unit is first allocated to all of the other assets and liabilities of that unit based on their fair values. The excess of the reporting unit's fair value over the amount assigned to its other assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss would be recognized equal to the amount by which the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates and operating margins used to calculate projected future cash flows, risk-adjusted discount rates, future economic and market conditions and the determination of appropriate 42 29 30 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 42 4/12/17 2:38 PM from our estimates. If actual or expected future returns and claims are significantly greater or lower than the reserves that we have established, we will record a reduction or increase to net revenues in the period in which we make such a determination. We accrue for discounts and rebates based on historical experience and our expectations regarding future sales to our customers. These accruals are recorded as a reduction to sales in the same period as the related revenues. Changes in such accruals may be required if future rebates and incentives differ from our estimates. Revenue for the sale of tooling is recognized when the related tooling has been provided, customer acceptance documentation has been obtained, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. We generate service revenue, which is paid monthly, as a result of providing consumer support programs to some of our customers through our call centers. These service revenues are recognized when services are performed, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists (such as when a signed agreement is received from the customer), the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. We license our intellectual property including our patented technologies, trademarks, and database of control codes. When our license fees are paid on a per unit basis we record license revenue when our customers ship a product incorporating our intellectual property, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. When a fixed upfront license fee is received in exchange for the delivery of a particular database of infrared codes that represents the culmination of the earnings process, we record revenues when delivery has occurred, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue for term license fees is recognized on a straight-line basis over the effective term of the license when we cannot reliably predict in which periods, within the term of the license, the licensee will benefit from the use of our patented inventions. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make payments for products sold or services rendered. The allowance for doubtful accounts is estimated based on a variety of factors, including credit reviews, historical experience, length of time receivables are past due, current economic trends and changes in customer payment behavior. We also record specific provisions for individual accounts when we become aware of a customer's inability to meet its financial obligations to us, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings or deterioration in the customer's operating results or financial position. Our historical reserves have been sufficient to cover losses from uncollectible accounts. However, because we cannot predict future changes in the financial stability of our customers, actual future losses from uncollectible accounts may differ from our estimates and may have a material effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Inventories Our finished good, component part, and raw material inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. We write-down our inventory for the estimated difference between cost and estimated market value based upon our best estimates of future demand and market conditions. We carry inventory in amounts necessary to satisfy our customers' inventory requirements on a timely basis. We continually monitor our inventory status to control inventory levels and write-down any excess or obsolete inventories on hand. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required which may have a material impact on our financial statements. Such circumstances may include, but are not limited to, the development of new competing technology that impedes the marketability of our products or the occurrence of significant price decreases in our raw material or component parts, such as integrated circuits. Each percentage point change in the ratio of excess and obsolete inventory reserve to inventory would impact cost of sales by approximately $1.3 million. Valuation of Long-Lived Assets and Intangible Assets We assess long-lived and intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors considered important which may trigger an impairment review, if significant, include the following: • underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results; • • changes in the manner of use of the assets; changes in the strategy of our overall business; • negative industry or economic trends; • • a decline in our stock price for a sustained period; and a variance between our market capitalization relative to net book value. If the carrying value of the asset is larger than its projected undiscounted future cash flows, the asset is impaired. The impairment is measured as the difference between the net book value of the asset and the asset's estimated fair value. Fair value is estimated utilizing the asset's projected discounted future cash flows. In assessing fair value, we must make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows, the discount rate and other factors. Goodwill We evaluate the carrying value of goodwill on December 31 of each year and between annual evaluations if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. Such circumstances may include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. To evaluate whether goodwill is impaired, we conduct a two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the first step we compare the estimated fair value of our single reporting unit to the reporting unit's carrying amount, including goodwill. We estimate the fair value of our reporting unit based on income and market approaches. Under the income approach, we calculate the fair value based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate the fair value based on market multiples of enterprise value to EBITDA for comparable companies. If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then we perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill. To calculate the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill, the fair value of the reporting unit is first allocated to all of the other assets and liabilities of that unit based on their fair values. The excess of the reporting unit's fair value over the amount assigned to its other assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss would be recognized equal to the amount by which the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates and operating margins used to calculate projected future cash flows, risk-adjusted discount rates, future economic and market conditions and the determination of appropriate 29 30 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 43 43 4/12/17 2:38 PM market comparables. In addition, we make certain judgments and assumptions in determining our reporting units. We base our fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates. determination. Likewise, if we later determine that we are more likely than not to realize the net deferred tax assets, we would reverse the applicable portion of the previously provided valuation allowance. In order for us to realize our deferred tax assets we must be able to generate sufficient taxable income in the tax jurisdictions in which the deferred tax assets are located. Business Combinations We allocate the purchase price of acquired businesses to the tangible and intangible assets and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. We engage independent third-party appraisal firms to assist us in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Such valuations require management to make significant fair value estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets and contingent consideration. Management estimates the fair value of certain intangible assets and contingent consideration by utilizing the following (but not limited to): • • future cash flow from customer contracts, customer lists, distribution agreements, acquired developed technologies, trademarks, trade names and patents; expected costs to complete development of in-process technology into commercially viable products and cash flows from the products once they are completed; • brand awareness and market position as well as assumptions regarding the period of time the brand will continue to be used in our product portfolio; and • discount rates utilized in discounted cash flow models. In those circumstances where an acquisition involves a contingent consideration arrangement, we recognize a liability equal to the fair value of the contingent payments we expect to make as of the acquisition date. We re-measure this liability at each reporting period and record changes in the fair value within operating expenses. Increases or decreases in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability can result from changes in discount periods and rates, as well as changes in the timing and amount of earnings estimates or in the timing or likelihood of achieving earnings-based milestones. Our estimates are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable; however, unanticipated events or circumstances may occur which may affect the accuracy of our fair value estimates, including assumptions regarding industry economic factors and business strategies. Results of operations and cash flows of acquired businesses are included in our operating results from the date of acquisition. Income Taxes We calculate our current and deferred tax provisions based on estimates and assumptions that may differ from the actual results reflected in our income tax returns filed during the subsequent year. We record adjustments based on filed returns when we have identified and finalized them, which is in the third and fourth quarters of the subsequent year for U.S. federal and state provisions, respectively. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which we expect the differences to reverse. We record a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that we are more likely than not to realize. We have considered future market growth, forecasted earnings, future taxable income, the mix of earnings in the jurisdictions in which we operate and prudent tax planning strategies in determining the need for a valuation allowance. In the event we were to determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets in the future, we would increase the valuation allowance and make a corresponding charge to earnings in the period in which we make such Our effective tax rate includes the impact of certain undistributed foreign earnings for which we have not provided U.S. taxes because we plan to reinvest such earnings indefinitely outside the United States. The decision to reinvest our foreign earnings indefinitely outside the United States is based on our projected cash flow needs as well as the working capital and long-term investment requirements of our foreign subsidiaries and our domestic operations. Material changes in our estimates of cash, working capital and long-term investment requirements in the various jurisdictions in which we do business may impact our effective tax rate. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and foreign countries, and we are subject to routine corporate income tax audits in many of these jurisdictions. We believe that our tax return positions are fully supported, but tax authorities are likely to challenge certain positions, which may not be fully sustained. However, our income tax expense includes amounts intended to satisfy income tax assessments that result from these challenges in accordance with the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes prescribed by GAAP. Determining the income tax expense for these potential assessments and recording the related assets and liabilities requires management judgments and estimates. We maintain reserves for uncertain tax positions, including related interest and penalties. We review our reserves quarterly, and we may adjust such reserves due to proposed assessments by tax authorities, changes in facts and circumstances, issuance of new regulations or new case law, previously unavailable information obtained during the course of an examination, negotiations between tax authorities of different countries concerning our transfer prices, execution of advanced pricing agreements, resolution with respect to individual audit issues, the resolution of entire audits, or the expiration of statutes of limitations. The amounts ultimately paid upon resolution of audits may be materially different from the amounts previously included in our income tax expense and, therefore, may have a material impact on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. Stock-Based Compensation based upon historical forfeitures. shares on the date they were granted. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation awards as expense, net of estimated forfeitures, in proportion to vesting during the requisite service period, which ranges from one to four years. Estimated forfeiture rates are We determine the fair value of restricted stock awards utilizing the average of the high and low trade prices of our Company's The fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The risk-free interest rate over the expected term is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected life is computed utilizing historical exercise patterns and post-vesting behavior. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. Performance-Based Common Stock Warrants 44 31 32 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 44 4/12/17 2:38 PM market comparables. In addition, we make certain judgments and assumptions in determining our reporting units. We base our fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates. Business Combinations We allocate the purchase price of acquired businesses to the tangible and intangible assets and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. We engage independent third-party appraisal firms to assist us in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Such valuations require management to make significant fair value estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets and contingent consideration. Management estimates the fair value of certain intangible assets and contingent consideration by utilizing the following (but not limited to): • future cash flow from customer contracts, customer lists, distribution agreements, acquired developed • expected costs to complete development of in-process technology into commercially viable products and cash technologies, trademarks, trade names and patents; flows from the products once they are completed; • brand awareness and market position as well as assumptions regarding the period of time the brand will continue to be used in our product portfolio; and • discount rates utilized in discounted cash flow models. In those circumstances where an acquisition involves a contingent consideration arrangement, we recognize a liability equal to the fair value of the contingent payments we expect to make as of the acquisition date. We re-measure this liability at each reporting period and record changes in the fair value within operating expenses. Increases or decreases in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability can result from changes in discount periods and rates, as well as changes in the timing and amount of earnings estimates or in the timing or likelihood of achieving earnings-based milestones. Our estimates are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable; however, unanticipated events or circumstances may occur which may affect the accuracy of our fair value estimates, including assumptions regarding industry economic factors Results of operations and cash flows of acquired businesses are included in our operating results from the date of acquisition. We calculate our current and deferred tax provisions based on estimates and assumptions that may differ from the actual results reflected in our income tax returns filed during the subsequent year. We record adjustments based on filed returns when we have identified and finalized them, which is in the third and fourth quarters of the subsequent year for U.S. federal and state We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which we expect the differences to reverse. We record a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that we are more likely than not to realize. We have considered future market growth, forecasted earnings, future taxable income, the mix of earnings in the jurisdictions in which we operate and prudent tax planning strategies in determining the need for a valuation allowance. In the event we were to determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets in the future, we would increase the valuation allowance and make a corresponding charge to earnings in the period in which we make such and business strategies. Income Taxes provisions, respectively. determination. Likewise, if we later determine that we are more likely than not to realize the net deferred tax assets, we would reverse the applicable portion of the previously provided valuation allowance. In order for us to realize our deferred tax assets we must be able to generate sufficient taxable income in the tax jurisdictions in which the deferred tax assets are located. Our effective tax rate includes the impact of certain undistributed foreign earnings for which we have not provided U.S. taxes because we plan to reinvest such earnings indefinitely outside the United States. The decision to reinvest our foreign earnings indefinitely outside the United States is based on our projected cash flow needs as well as the working capital and long-term investment requirements of our foreign subsidiaries and our domestic operations. Material changes in our estimates of cash, working capital and long-term investment requirements in the various jurisdictions in which we do business may impact our effective tax rate. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and foreign countries, and we are subject to routine corporate income tax audits in many of these jurisdictions. We believe that our tax return positions are fully supported, but tax authorities are likely to challenge certain positions, which may not be fully sustained. However, our income tax expense includes amounts intended to satisfy income tax assessments that result from these challenges in accordance with the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes prescribed by GAAP. Determining the income tax expense for these potential assessments and recording the related assets and liabilities requires management judgments and estimates. We maintain reserves for uncertain tax positions, including related interest and penalties. We review our reserves quarterly, and we may adjust such reserves due to proposed assessments by tax authorities, changes in facts and circumstances, issuance of new regulations or new case law, previously unavailable information obtained during the course of an examination, negotiations between tax authorities of different countries concerning our transfer prices, execution of advanced pricing agreements, resolution with respect to individual audit issues, the resolution of entire audits, or the expiration of statutes of limitations. The amounts ultimately paid upon resolution of audits may be materially different from the amounts previously included in our income tax expense and, therefore, may have a material impact on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. Stock-Based Compensation We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation awards as expense, net of estimated forfeitures, in proportion to vesting during the requisite service period, which ranges from one to four years. Estimated forfeiture rates are based upon historical forfeitures. We determine the fair value of restricted stock awards utilizing the average of the high and low trade prices of our Company's shares on the date they were granted. The fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The risk-free interest rate over the expected term is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected life is computed utilizing historical exercise patterns and post-vesting behavior. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. Performance-Based Common Stock Warrants 31 32 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 45 45 4/12/17 2:38 PM determination. Likewise, if we later determine that we are more likely than not to realize the net deferred tax assets, we would reverse the applicable portion of the previously provided valuation allowance. In order for us to realize our deferred tax assets we must be able to generate sufficient taxable income in the tax jurisdictions in which the deferred tax assets are located. Our effective tax rate includes the impact of certain undistributed foreign earnings for which we have not provided U.S. taxes because we plan to reinvest such earnings indefinitely outside the United States. The decision to reinvest our foreign earnings indefinitely outside the United States is based on our projected cash flow needs as well as the working capital and long-term investment requirements of our foreign subsidiaries and our domestic operations. Material changes in our estimates of cash, working capital and long-term investment requirements in the various jurisdictions in which we do business may impact our effective tax rate. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and foreign countries, and we are subject to routine corporate income tax audits in many of these jurisdictions. We believe that our tax return positions are fully supported, but tax authorities are likely to challenge certain positions, which may not be fully sustained. However, our income tax expense includes amounts intended to satisfy income tax assessments that result from these challenges in accordance with the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes prescribed by GAAP. Determining the income tax expense for these potential assessments and recording the related assets and liabilities requires management judgments and estimates. We maintain reserves for uncertain tax positions, including related interest and penalties. We review our reserves quarterly, and we may adjust such reserves due to proposed assessments by tax authorities, changes in facts and circumstances, issuance of new regulations or new case law, previously unavailable information obtained during the course of an examination, negotiations between tax authorities of different countries concerning our transfer prices, execution of advanced pricing agreements, resolution with respect to individual audit issues, the resolution of entire audits, or the expiration of statutes of limitations. The amounts ultimately paid upon resolution of audits may be materially different from the amounts previously included in our income tax expense and, therefore, may have a material impact on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. Stock-Based Compensation based upon historical forfeitures. shares on the date they were granted. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation awards as expense, net of estimated forfeitures, in proportion to vesting during the requisite service period, which ranges from one to four years. Estimated forfeiture rates are We determine the fair value of restricted stock awards utilizing the average of the high and low trade prices of our Company's The fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The risk-free interest rate over the expected term is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected life is computed utilizing historical exercise patterns and post-vesting behavior. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. Performance-Based Common Stock Warrants Results of Operations The measurement date for performance-based common stock warrants is the date on which the warrants vest. We recognize the 32 fair value of performance-based common stock warrants as a reduction to net sales ratably as the warrants vest based on the projected number of warrants that will vest, the proportion of the performance criteria achieved by the customer within the period relative to the total performance required (aggregate purchase levels) for the warrants to vest and the then-current fair value of the related unvested warrants. If we do not have a reliable forecast of future purchases to be made by the customer by which to estimate the number of warrants that will vest, then the maximum number of potential warrants is assumed until such time that a reliable forecast of future purchases is available. To the extent that our projections change in the future as to the number of warrants that will vest, a cumulative catch-up adjustment will be recorded in the period in which our estimates change. The fair value of performance-based common stock warrants is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the price of our common stock, the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The price of our common stock is equal to the average of the high and low trade prices of our common stock on the measurement date. The risk-free interest rate over the expected life is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the warrant. Expected life is equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrant. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. 46 33 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 46 4/12/17 2:38 PM The following table sets forth our results of operations expressed as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated. Net sales Cost of sales Gross profit Research and development expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses Operating income Interest income (expense), net Other income (expense), net Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 74.8 25.2 3.0 18.3 3.9 0.1 3.8 0.7 3.1 0.0 (0.2 ) 72.3 27.7 3.1 18.7 5.9 0.0 5.9 1.1 4.8 (0.0 ) (0.0 ) 4.8 % 70.3 29.7 3.0 19.4 7.3 0.0 (0.1 ) 7.2 1.4 5.8 — 5.8 % Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. 3.1 % Year Ended December 31, 2016 ("2016") Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2015 ("2015") Net sales. Net sales for 2016 were $651.4 million, an increase of 8.1% compared to $602.8 million in 2015. Net sales by our business and consumer lines were as follows: Business Consumer Total net sales 2016 2015 $ (millions) % of total $ (millions) % of total $ $ 601.7 49.7 651.4 92.4 % $ 7.6 % 100.0 % $ 551.0 51.8 602.8 91.4 % 8.6 % 100.0 % Net sales in our Business lines (subscription broadcasting, OEM, and computing companies) were 92.4% of net sales in 2016 compared to 91.4% in 2015. Net sales in our Business lines in 2016 increased by 9.2% to $601.7 million from $551.0 million in 2015 driven by an increased demand in both the subscription broadcasting and OEM markets for our advanced products which include features such as voice control and two-way RF technologies. Net sales in our Consumer lines (One For All® retail and private label) were 7.6% of net sales in 2016 compared to 8.6% in 2015. Net sales in our Consumer lines in 2016 decreased by 4.1% to $49.7 million from $51.8 million in 2015. This decrease was driven primarily by the weakening of the British Pound compared to the U.S. Dollar, which negatively impacted sales in the current year by $2.4 million. Gross profit. Gross profit in 2016 was $164.1 million compared to $166.7 million in 2015. Gross profit as a percent of sales decreased to 25.2% in 2016 from 27.7% in 2015. The gross margin percentage was unfavorably impacted in 2016 by an 34 determination. Likewise, if we later determine that we are more likely than not to realize the net deferred tax assets, we would reverse the applicable portion of the previously provided valuation allowance. In order for us to realize our deferred tax assets we must be able to generate sufficient taxable income in the tax jurisdictions in which the deferred tax assets are located. Our effective tax rate includes the impact of certain undistributed foreign earnings for which we have not provided U.S. taxes because we plan to reinvest such earnings indefinitely outside the United States. The decision to reinvest our foreign earnings indefinitely outside the United States is based on our projected cash flow needs as well as the working capital and long-term investment requirements of our foreign subsidiaries and our domestic operations. Material changes in our estimates of cash, working capital and long-term investment requirements in the various jurisdictions in which we do business may impact our effective tax rate. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and foreign countries, and we are subject to routine corporate income tax audits in many of these jurisdictions. We believe that our tax return positions are fully supported, but tax authorities are likely to challenge certain positions, which may not be fully sustained. However, our income tax expense includes amounts intended to satisfy income tax assessments that result from these challenges in accordance with the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes prescribed by GAAP. Determining the income tax expense for these potential assessments and recording the related assets and liabilities requires management judgments and estimates. We maintain reserves for uncertain tax positions, including related interest and penalties. We review our reserves quarterly, and we may adjust such reserves due to proposed assessments by tax authorities, changes in facts and circumstances, issuance of new regulations or new case law, previously unavailable information obtained during the course of an examination, negotiations between tax authorities of different countries concerning our transfer prices, execution of advanced pricing agreements, resolution with respect to individual audit issues, the resolution of entire audits, or the expiration of statutes of limitations. The amounts ultimately paid upon resolution of audits may be materially different from the amounts previously included in our income tax expense and, therefore, may have a material impact on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. Stock-Based Compensation based upon historical forfeitures. shares on the date they were granted. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation awards as expense, net of estimated forfeitures, in proportion to vesting during the requisite service period, which ranges from one to four years. Estimated forfeiture rates are We determine the fair value of restricted stock awards utilizing the average of the high and low trade prices of our Company's The fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The risk-free interest rate over the expected term is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected life is computed utilizing historical exercise patterns and post-vesting behavior. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. change. fair value of performance-based common stock warrants as a reduction to net sales ratably as the warrants vest based on the 32 projected number of warrants that will vest, the proportion of the performance criteria achieved by the customer within the period relative to the total performance required (aggregate purchase levels) for the warrants to vest and the then-current fair value of the related unvested warrants. If we do not have a reliable forecast of future purchases to be made by the customer by which to estimate the number of warrants that will vest, then the maximum number of potential warrants is assumed until such time that a reliable forecast of future purchases is available. To the extent that our projections change in the future as to the number of warrants that will vest, a cumulative catch-up adjustment will be recorded in the period in which our estimates The fair value of performance-based common stock warrants is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the price of our common stock, the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The price of our common stock is equal to the average of the high and low trade prices of our common stock on the measurement date. The risk-free interest rate over the expected life is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the warrant. Expected life is equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrant. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. Performance-Based Common Stock Warrants Results of Operations The measurement date for performance-based common stock warrants is the date on which the warrants vest. We recognize the The following table sets forth our results of operations expressed as a percentage of net sales for the periods indicated. Net sales Cost of sales Gross profit Research and development expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses Operating income Interest income (expense), net Other income (expense), net Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 100.0 % 74.8 25.2 3.0 18.3 3.9 (0.2 ) 0.1 3.8 0.7 3.1 0.0 3.1 % 100.0 % 72.3 27.7 3.1 18.7 5.9 0.0 (0.0 ) 5.9 1.1 4.8 (0.0 ) 4.8 % 100.0 % 70.3 29.7 3.0 19.4 7.3 0.0 (0.1 ) 7.2 1.4 5.8 — 5.8 % Year Ended December 31, 2016 ("2016") Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2015 ("2015") Net sales. Net sales for 2016 were $651.4 million, an increase of 8.1% compared to $602.8 million in 2015. Net sales by our business and consumer lines were as follows: Business Consumer Total net sales 2016 2015 $ (millions) % of total $ (millions) % of total $ $ 601.7 49.7 651.4 92.4 % $ 7.6 % 100.0 % $ 551.0 51.8 602.8 91.4 % 8.6 % 100.0 % Net sales in our Business lines (subscription broadcasting, OEM, and computing companies) were 92.4% of net sales in 2016 compared to 91.4% in 2015. Net sales in our Business lines in 2016 increased by 9.2% to $601.7 million from $551.0 million in 2015 driven by an increased demand in both the subscription broadcasting and OEM markets for our advanced products which include features such as voice control and two-way RF technologies. Net sales in our Consumer lines (One For All® retail and private label) were 7.6% of net sales in 2016 compared to 8.6% in 2015. Net sales in our Consumer lines in 2016 decreased by 4.1% to $49.7 million from $51.8 million in 2015. This decrease was driven primarily by the weakening of the British Pound compared to the U.S. Dollar, which negatively impacted sales in the current year by $2.4 million. Gross profit. Gross profit in 2016 was $164.1 million compared to $166.7 million in 2015. Gross profit as a percent of sales decreased to 25.2% in 2016 from 27.7% in 2015. The gross margin percentage was unfavorably impacted in 2016 by an 33 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 47 34 47 4/12/17 2:38 PM increase in sales to certain large customers that yield a lower gross margin rate than our company average. In addition, manufacturing inefficiencies were incurred resulting from the transition of production activities from our southern-most China factory to our other three factories located in China. We expect to continue to experience manufacturing inefficiencies over the next six to nine months as we complete this transition. The impact of these unfavorable items was partially offset by the weakening of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi relative to the U.S. Dollar. Net sales in our Business lines (subscription broadcasting, OEM, and computing companies) were 91.4% of net sales in 2015 compared to 90.2% in 2014. Net sales in our Business lines in 2015 increased by 8.7% to $551.0 million from $507.1 million in 2014 driven primarily by strong demand and increased market share with North American subscription broadcasters as more customers transition from lower end platforms to higher end platforms. Partially offsetting this improvement was a decrease in net sales to consumer electronics companies in Asia. Research and development ("R&D") expenses. R&D expenses increased 9.4% to $19.9 million in 2016 from $18.1 million in 2015 as a result of increased levels of research and development in existing categories as well as new categories including home security. Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses. SG&A expenses increased 5.5% to $118.9 million in 2016 from $112.7 million in 2015. This increase was driven primarily by severance costs associated with a factory transition, increased operating costs associated with our August 2015 acquisition of Ecolink, and increased payroll costs associated with additional headcount required to support product development efforts. Severance costs were incurred related to the transition of manufacturing activities from our higher cost factory located in southern China to our lower cost factories located in other regions within China. We expect this transition and related severance costs to continue over the next six to nine months. These increases were partially offset by a lower level of patent litigation related costs as well as the weakening of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi versus the U.S. Dollar. Net sales in our Consumer lines (One For All® retail and private label) were 8.6% of net sales in 2015 compared to 9.8% in 2014. Net sales in our Consumer lines in 2015 decreased by 6.2% to $51.8 million from $55.2 million in 2014. This decrease was driven primarily by the weakening of the Euro and the British Pound compared to the U.S. Dollar, which negatively impacted sales in 2015 by $5.3 million. This unfavorable currency impact was partially offset by increased sales in the European market. Gross profit. Gross profit in 2015 was $166.7 million compared to $166.9 million in 2014. Gross profit as a percent of sales decreased to 27.7% in 2015 from 29.7% in 2014. The gross margin percentage was unfavorably impacted by an increase in sales to certain large customers that yield a lower gross margin rate than our company average, labor inflation in China where our four manufacturing facilities are located, and a decrease in royalty revenue associated with the TV and mobile device markets. The impact of these unfavorable items was partially offset by the weakening of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi relative to Interest income (expense), net. Net interest expense was $1.0 million in 2016 compared to net interest income of $63 thousand in 2015. This increase was primarily attributable to an increased level of borrowings on our line of credit. Research and development expenses. R&D expenses increased 6.9% to $18.1 million in 2015 from $17.0 million in 2014 as a result of our research and development efforts in existing categories as well as new categories such as the home security Other income (expense), net. Net other income was $0.8 million in 2016 compared to net other expense of $7 thousand in 2015. This change was driven primarily by foreign currency gains associated with fluctuations in the Chinese Yuan Renminbi exchange rate versus the U.S. Dollar. Income tax expense. Income tax expense was $4.8 million in 2016 compared to $6.8 million in 2015. Our effective tax rate was consistent at 19.1% in 2016 compared to 18.9% in 2015. Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014 ("2014") Net sales. Net sales for 2015 were $602.8 million, an increase of 7.2% compared to $562.3 million in 2014. Net sales by our business and consumer lines were as follows: Business Consumer Total net sales 2015 2014 $ (millions) % of total $ (millions) % of total $ $ 551.0 51.8 602.8 91.4 % $ 8.6 % 100.0 % $ 507.1 55.2 562.3 90.2 % 9.8 % 100.0 % the U.S. Dollar. channel. Selling, general and administrative expenses. SG&A expenses increased 3.7% to $112.7 million in 2015 from $108.6 million in 2014. This increase was attributable primarily to an unfavorable court order in a patent litigation lawsuit of $4.6 million in the third quarter of 2015 as well as increased payroll costs driven by additional headcount to support product development efforts and annual merit increases. SG&A expenses also increased due to increased delivery expenses as a result of the additional sales to North American subscription broadcasting customers in 2015 and the rerouting of certain shipments in the first quarter of 2015 due to temporary port congestion in Los Angeles, California. These increases were partially offset by the weakening of the Euro and Brazilian Real and a decrease in incentive compensation costs. Interest income (expense), net. Net interest income was $63 thousand in 2015 compared to net interest income of $11 thousand in 2014. Other income (expense), net. Net other expense was $7 thousand in 2015 compared to net other expense of $0.8 million in 2014. This change was driven primarily by a decrease in foreign currency losses associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates related to the Euro, Chinese Yuan Renminbi and British Pound. Income tax expense. Income tax expense was $6.8 million in 2015 compared to $7.9 million in 2014, and our effective tax rate was 18.9% in 2015 compared to 19.6% in 2014. The decrease in our effective tax rate was due primarily to the recording of $0.5 million in tax refunds in 2015 related to tax incentives in China for the years 2012 through 2014. 48 35 36 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 48 4/12/17 2:38 PM increase in sales to certain large customers that yield a lower gross margin rate than our company average. In addition, manufacturing inefficiencies were incurred resulting from the transition of production activities from our southern-most China factory to our other three factories located in China. We expect to continue to experience manufacturing inefficiencies over the next six to nine months as we complete this transition. The impact of these unfavorable items was partially offset by the weakening of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi relative to the U.S. Dollar. Net sales in our Business lines (subscription broadcasting, OEM, and computing companies) were 91.4% of net sales in 2015 compared to 90.2% in 2014. Net sales in our Business lines in 2015 increased by 8.7% to $551.0 million from $507.1 million in 2014 driven primarily by strong demand and increased market share with North American subscription broadcasters as more customers transition from lower end platforms to higher end platforms. Partially offsetting this improvement was a decrease in net sales to consumer electronics companies in Asia. Research and development ("R&D") expenses. R&D expenses increased 9.4% to $19.9 million in 2016 from $18.1 million in 2015 as a result of increased levels of research and development in existing categories as well as new categories including home security. Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses. SG&A expenses increased 5.5% to $118.9 million in 2016 from $112.7 million in 2015. This increase was driven primarily by severance costs associated with a factory transition, increased operating costs associated with our August 2015 acquisition of Ecolink, and increased payroll costs associated with additional headcount required to support product development efforts. Severance costs were incurred related to the transition of manufacturing activities from our higher cost factory located in southern China to our lower cost factories located in other regions within China. We expect this transition and related severance costs to continue over the next six to nine months. These increases were partially offset by a lower level of patent litigation related costs as well as the weakening of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi versus the U.S. Dollar. Interest income (expense), net. Net interest expense was $1.0 million in 2016 compared to net interest income of $63 thousand in 2015. This increase was primarily attributable to an increased level of borrowings on our line of credit. Other income (expense), net. Net other income was $0.8 million in 2016 compared to net other expense of $7 thousand in 2015. This change was driven primarily by foreign currency gains associated with fluctuations in the Chinese Yuan Renminbi exchange rate versus the U.S. Dollar. Income tax expense. Income tax expense was $4.8 million in 2016 compared to $6.8 million in 2015. Our effective tax rate was consistent at 19.1% in 2016 compared to 18.9% in 2015. Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2014 ("2014") Net sales. Net sales for 2015 were $602.8 million, an increase of 7.2% compared to $562.3 million in 2014. Net sales by our business and consumer lines were as follows: Business Consumer Total net sales 2015 2014 $ (millions) % of total $ (millions) % of total $ $ 551.0 51.8 602.8 91.4 % $ 8.6 % 100.0 % $ 507.1 55.2 562.3 90.2 % 9.8 % 100.0 % Net sales in our Consumer lines (One For All® retail and private label) were 8.6% of net sales in 2015 compared to 9.8% in 2014. Net sales in our Consumer lines in 2015 decreased by 6.2% to $51.8 million from $55.2 million in 2014. This decrease was driven primarily by the weakening of the Euro and the British Pound compared to the U.S. Dollar, which negatively impacted sales in 2015 by $5.3 million. This unfavorable currency impact was partially offset by increased sales in the European market. Gross profit. Gross profit in 2015 was $166.7 million compared to $166.9 million in 2014. Gross profit as a percent of sales decreased to 27.7% in 2015 from 29.7% in 2014. The gross margin percentage was unfavorably impacted by an increase in sales to certain large customers that yield a lower gross margin rate than our company average, labor inflation in China where our four manufacturing facilities are located, and a decrease in royalty revenue associated with the TV and mobile device markets. The impact of these unfavorable items was partially offset by the weakening of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi relative to the U.S. Dollar. Research and development expenses. R&D expenses increased 6.9% to $18.1 million in 2015 from $17.0 million in 2014 as a result of our research and development efforts in existing categories as well as new categories such as the home security channel. Selling, general and administrative expenses. SG&A expenses increased 3.7% to $112.7 million in 2015 from $108.6 million in 2014. This increase was attributable primarily to an unfavorable court order in a patent litigation lawsuit of $4.6 million in the third quarter of 2015 as well as increased payroll costs driven by additional headcount to support product development efforts and annual merit increases. SG&A expenses also increased due to increased delivery expenses as a result of the additional sales to North American subscription broadcasting customers in 2015 and the rerouting of certain shipments in the first quarter of 2015 due to temporary port congestion in Los Angeles, California. These increases were partially offset by the weakening of the Euro and Brazilian Real and a decrease in incentive compensation costs. Interest income (expense), net. Net interest income was $63 thousand in 2015 compared to net interest income of $11 thousand in 2014. Other income (expense), net. Net other expense was $7 thousand in 2015 compared to net other expense of $0.8 million in 2014. This change was driven primarily by a decrease in foreign currency losses associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates related to the Euro, Chinese Yuan Renminbi and British Pound. Income tax expense. Income tax expense was $6.8 million in 2015 compared to $7.9 million in 2014, and our effective tax rate was 18.9% in 2015 compared to 19.6% in 2014. The decrease in our effective tax rate was due primarily to the recording of $0.5 million in tax refunds in 2015 related to tax incentives in China for the years 2012 through 2014. 35 36 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 49 49 4/12/17 2:38 PM Liquidity and Capital Resources Sources and Uses of Cash (In thousands) Cash provided by operating activities Cash used for investing activities Cash provided by (used for) financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents Working capital Year Ended December 31, 2016 Increase (Decrease) Year Ended December 31, 2015 Increase (Decrease) Year Ended December 31, 2014 $ 49,543 $ (42,515 ) 23,449 $ 5,134 26,094 $ (47,649 ) (37,379 ) $ (29,230 ) 63,473 (18,419 ) (4,446 ) (4,937 ) 30,696 (2,079 ) (35,142 ) (2,858 ) (27,096 ) (2,197 ) (8,046 ) (661 ) $ (2,355 ) $ 57,200 $ (59,555 ) $ (95,902 ) $ 36,347 shares of our common stock at a cost of $12.6 million, compared to 1,816,293 and 383,978 shares at a cost of $89.4 million and December 31, 2016 Increase (Decrease) December 31, 2015 $ 50,611 $ 108,291 (2,355 ) $ 8,091 52,966 100,200 Net cash provided by operating activities increased $23.4 million in 2016 when compared to 2015, primarily due to the net impact of changes in working capital needs associated with accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable. With respect to accounts receivable, although net sales increased by 8.1% in 2016 compared to 2015, accounts receivable only increased by 2.3% due to the timing of sales in the current year period. Additionally, we experienced a greater growth in accounts receivable in 2015 as a result of us extending longer payment terms to certain significant customers. At December 31, 2016, days sales outstanding was 70 days compared to 68 days at December 31, 2015. Cash outflows associated with inventories were greater in 2015 compared to 2016 primarily due to preparation in 2015 for the manufacturing transition of certain products from our southern China factory to our other three factories located in China. The decrease in cash inflows associated with accounts payable were largely driven by the decrease in cash outflows associated with inventories. Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $37.4 million in 2015 when compared to 2014, primarily due to the net impact of changes in working capital needs associated with inventories, accounts receivable and accounts payable. In 2015 we deliberately increased our inventory levels in order to meet the strong demand for our higher end products in the subscription broadcast channel as well as prepare for the manufacturing transition of certain products from our southern China factory to our other three factories located in China. With respect to accounts receivable, we experienced a greater growth in outstanding accounts receivable in 2015 as a result of increased sales levels. Additionally, days sales outstanding increased from 64 days at December 31, 2014 to 68 days at December 31, 2015 as a result of us extending longer payment terms to a couple of significant customers. Increased cash inflows from accounts payable were largely attributable to the increase in inventories as well as an effort to extend payment terms with certain vendors. Net cash used for investing activities during 2016 was $42.5 million compared to $47.6 million and $18.4 million of net cash used during 2015 and 2014, respectively. Our 2016, 2015 and 2014 cash used for investing activities primarily included our investments in property, plant and equipment as well as internally developed patents. In 2015, cash used for investing activities also included our acquisition of the net assets of Ecolink for $12.3 million, net of cash acquired. With respect to property, plant and equipment, we have increased our investment in machinery and equipment over the past two years in order to meet the increased demand for advanced remote controls. We have also been increasing the amount of automation in our factories in an effort to mitigate the rising cost of labor in China. In addition, we are currently implementing a new global ERP system that will begin to go live in phases beginning in early 2017. As a result of these ongoing areas of investment, we anticipate that property, plant and equipment purchases in 2017 will total between $22 million and $25 million. Net cash used for financing activities was $4.4 million during 2016 compared to net cash used for financing activities of $35.1 million during 2015 and net cash used for financing activities of $8.0 million during 2014. During 2016, we purchased 197,819 $16.2 million during 2015 and 2014, respectively. Offsetting these cash outflows were net borrowings on our line of credit of $50.0 million in 2015 as well as proceeds from stock option exercises of $6.2 million, $1.7 million and $8.1 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. From time to time, our Board of Directors authorizes management to repurchase shares of our issued and outstanding common stock on the open market. Repurchases may be made to manage dilution created by shares issued under our stock incentive plans or whenever we deem a repurchase is a good use of our cash and the price to be paid is at or below a threshold approved by our Board. As of December 31, 2016, we had 370,565 shares available for repurchase on the open market under the Board's authorizations. Contractual Obligations (In thousands) Contractual obligations: Operating lease obligations Capital lease obligations Purchase obligations(1) Contingent consideration (2) The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and the effect these obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods. Payments Due by Period Total Less than 1 year 1 - 3 years 4 - 5 years After 5 years $ 12,066 $ 3,778 $ 4,619 $ 2,502 $ 1,167 13 4,418 10,500 13 4,418 — — — — — 5,208 5,292 — — — Total contractual obligations $ 26,997 $ 8,209 $ 9,827 $ 7,794 $ 1,167 (1) Purchase obligations consist of contractual payments to purchase tooling and other fixed assets. (2) Contingent consideration consists of contingent payments related to our purchase of the net assets of Ecolink. 50 37 38 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 50 4/12/17 2:38 PM Liquidity and Capital Resources Sources and Uses of Cash (In thousands) Cash provided by operating activities Cash used for investing activities Cash provided by (used for) financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Year Ended December 31, 2016 Increase (Decrease) Year Ended December 31, 2015 Increase (Decrease) Year Ended December 31, 2014 $ 49,543 $ (42,515 ) 23,449 $ 5,134 26,094 $ (37,379 ) $ (47,649 ) (29,230 ) 63,473 (18,419 ) (4,446 ) (4,937 ) 30,696 (2,079 ) (35,142 ) (2,858 ) (27,096 ) (2,197 ) (8,046 ) (661 ) $ (2,355 ) $ 57,200 $ (59,555 ) $ (95,902 ) $ 36,347 Cash and cash equivalents Working capital December 31, 2016 Increase (Decrease) December 31, 2015 $ 50,611 $ 108,291 (2,355 ) $ 8,091 52,966 100,200 Net cash provided by operating activities increased $23.4 million in 2016 when compared to 2015, primarily due to the net impact of changes in working capital needs associated with accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable. With respect to accounts receivable, although net sales increased by 8.1% in 2016 compared to 2015, accounts receivable only increased by 2.3% due to the timing of sales in the current year period. Additionally, we experienced a greater growth in accounts receivable in 2015 as a result of us extending longer payment terms to certain significant customers. At December 31, 2016, days sales outstanding was 70 days compared to 68 days at December 31, 2015. Cash outflows associated with inventories were greater in 2015 compared to 2016 primarily due to preparation in 2015 for the manufacturing transition of certain products from our southern China factory to our other three factories located in China. The decrease in cash inflows associated with accounts payable were largely driven by the decrease in cash outflows associated with inventories. Net cash used for investing activities during 2016 was $42.5 million compared to $47.6 million and $18.4 million of net cash used during 2015 and 2014, respectively. Our 2016, 2015 and 2014 cash used for investing activities primarily included our investments in property, plant and equipment as well as internally developed patents. In 2015, cash used for investing activities also included our acquisition of the net assets of Ecolink for $12.3 million, net of cash acquired. With respect to property, plant and equipment, we have increased our investment in machinery and equipment over the past two years in order to meet the increased demand for advanced remote controls. We have also been increasing the amount of automation in our factories in an effort to mitigate the rising cost of labor in China. In addition, we are currently implementing a new global ERP system that will begin to go live in phases beginning in early 2017. As a result of these ongoing areas of investment, we anticipate that property, plant and equipment purchases in 2017 will total between $22 million and $25 million. Net cash used for financing activities was $4.4 million during 2016 compared to net cash used for financing activities of $35.1 million during 2015 and net cash used for financing activities of $8.0 million during 2014. During 2016, we purchased 197,819 shares of our common stock at a cost of $12.6 million, compared to 1,816,293 and 383,978 shares at a cost of $89.4 million and $16.2 million during 2015 and 2014, respectively. Offsetting these cash outflows were net borrowings on our line of credit of $50.0 million in 2015 as well as proceeds from stock option exercises of $6.2 million, $1.7 million and $8.1 million in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. From time to time, our Board of Directors authorizes management to repurchase shares of our issued and outstanding common stock on the open market. Repurchases may be made to manage dilution created by shares issued under our stock incentive plans or whenever we deem a repurchase is a good use of our cash and the price to be paid is at or below a threshold approved by our Board. As of December 31, 2016, we had 370,565 shares available for repurchase on the open market under the Board's authorizations. Contractual Obligations The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and the effect these obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods. Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $37.4 million in 2015 when compared to 2014, primarily due to the net (In thousands) impact of changes in working capital needs associated with inventories, accounts receivable and accounts payable. In 2015 we deliberately increased our inventory levels in order to meet the strong demand for our higher end products in the subscription broadcast channel as well as prepare for the manufacturing transition of certain products from our southern China factory to our other three factories located in China. With respect to accounts receivable, we experienced a greater growth in outstanding accounts receivable in 2015 as a result of increased sales levels. Additionally, days sales outstanding increased from 64 days at December 31, 2014 to 68 days at December 31, 2015 as a result of us extending longer payment terms to a couple of significant customers. Increased cash inflows from accounts payable were largely attributable to the increase in inventories as well as an effort to extend payment terms with certain vendors. Contractual obligations: Operating lease obligations Capital lease obligations Purchase obligations(1) Contingent consideration (2) Total contractual obligations Payments Due by Period Total Less than 1 year 1 - 3 years 4 - 5 years After 5 years $ $ 12,066 $ 13 4,418 10,500 26,997 $ 3,778 $ 13 4,418 — 8,209 $ 4,619 $ — — 5,208 9,827 $ 2,502 $ — — 5,292 7,794 $ 1,167 — — — 1,167 (1) Purchase obligations consist of contractual payments to purchase tooling and other fixed assets. (2) Contingent consideration consists of contingent payments related to our purchase of the net assets of Ecolink. 37 38 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 51 51 4/12/17 2:38 PM Liquidity Historically, we have utilized cash provided from operations as our primary source of liquidity, as internally generated cash flows have been sufficient to support our business operations, capital expenditures and discretionary share repurchases. More recently we have utilized our revolving line of credit to fund an increased level of share repurchases and our acquisition of the net assets of Ecolink. We anticipate that we will continue to utilize both cash flows from operations and our revolving line of credit to support ongoing business operations, capital expenditures and future discretionary share repurchases. Our working capital needs have typically been greatest during the third and fourth quarters when accounts receivable and inventories increase in connection with the fourth quarter holiday selling season. In addition, inventory levels typically increase in anticipation of factory closures in observance of Chinese New Year. We believe our current cash balances, anticipated cash flow to be generated from operations and available borrowing resources will be sufficient to cover expected cash outlays during the next twelve months; however, because our cash is located in various jurisdictions throughout the world, we may at times need to increase our borrowing capacity on our revolving line of credit or take on additional debt until we are able to transfer cash among our various entities. Our liquidity is subject to various risks including the market risks identified in "QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK". All obligations under the Credit Line are secured by substantially all of our U.S. personal property and tangible and intangible assets as well as 65% of our ownership interest in Enson Assets Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary which controls our manufacturing factories in the PRC. Under the Amended Credit Agreement, we may elect to pay interest on the Credit Line based on LIBOR plus an applicable margin (varying from 1.25% to 1.75%) or base rate (based on the prime rate of U.S. Bank or as otherwise specified in the Amended Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin (varying from 0.00% to 0.50% ). The applicable margins are calculated quarterly and vary based on our cash flow leverage ratio as set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. The interest rate in effect at December 31, 2016 was 1.89%. There are no commitment fees or unused line fees under the Amended Credit Agreement. The Amended Credit Agreement includes financial covenants requiring a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and a maximum cash flow leverage ratio. In addition, the Amended Credit Agreement also contains other customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. As of December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with the covenants and conditions of the Amended Credit Agreement. At December 31, 2016, we had an outstanding balance of $50.0 million under the Credit Line. Cash and cash equivalents Available borrowing resources December 31, 2016 2015 $ 50,611 $ 35,000 52,966 $ 34,987 2014 112,521 54,987 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We do not participate in any off-balance sheet arrangements. Recent Accounting Pronouncements See "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 2" for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements. Our cash balances are held in numerous locations throughout the world. The majority of our cash is held outside of the United States and may be repatriated to the United States but, under current law, would be subject to United States federal income taxes, less applicable foreign tax credits. Repatriation of some foreign balances is restricted by local laws. We have not provided for the United States federal tax liability on these amounts for financial statement purposes as this cash is considered indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. Our intent is to meet our domestic liquidity needs through ongoing cash flows, external borrowings, or both. We utilize a variety of tax planning strategies in an effort to ensure that our worldwide cash is available in the locations in which it is needed. On December 31, 2016, we had $3.3 million, $22.1 million, $5.3 million, $19.6 million and $0.3 million of cash and cash equivalents in the United States, the PRC, Asia (excluding the PRC), Europe, and South America, respectively. We attempt to mitigate our exposure to liquidity, credit and other relevant risks by placing our cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions we believe are high quality. On September 19, 2016, we extended the term of our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("Amended Credit Agreement") with U.S. Bank National Association ("U.S. Bank") to November 1, 2018. The Amended Credit Agreement provides for an $85.0 million line of credit ("Credit Line") that may be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes including acquisitions, share repurchases and capital expenditures. On January 18, 2017, we entered into the Sixth Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement in which the Credit Line was temporarily increased to $105.0 million through April 15, 2017, after which the Credit Line will revert back to $85.0 million. Amounts available for borrowing under the Credit Line are reduced by the balance of any outstanding letters of credit, of which there were $13 thousand at December 31, 2016. 52 39 40 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 52 4/12/17 2:38 PM Liquidity Historically, we have utilized cash provided from operations as our primary source of liquidity, as internally generated cash flows have been sufficient to support our business operations, capital expenditures and discretionary share repurchases. More recently we have utilized our revolving line of credit to fund an increased level of share repurchases and our acquisition of the net assets of Ecolink. We anticipate that we will continue to utilize both cash flows from operations and our revolving line of credit to support ongoing business operations, capital expenditures and future discretionary share repurchases. Our working capital needs have typically been greatest during the third and fourth quarters when accounts receivable and inventories increase in connection with the fourth quarter holiday selling season. In addition, inventory levels typically increase in anticipation of factory closures in observance of Chinese New Year. We believe our current cash balances, anticipated cash flow to be generated from operations and available borrowing resources will be sufficient to cover expected cash outlays during the next twelve months; however, because our cash is located in various jurisdictions throughout the world, we may at times need to increase our borrowing capacity on our revolving line of credit or take on additional debt until we are able to transfer cash All obligations under the Credit Line are secured by substantially all of our U.S. personal property and tangible and intangible assets as well as 65% of our ownership interest in Enson Assets Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary which controls our manufacturing factories in the PRC. Under the Amended Credit Agreement, we may elect to pay interest on the Credit Line based on LIBOR plus an applicable margin (varying from 1.25% to 1.75%) or base rate (based on the prime rate of U.S. Bank or as otherwise specified in the Amended Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin (varying from 0.00% to 0.50% ). The applicable margins are calculated quarterly and vary based on our cash flow leverage ratio as set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. The interest rate in effect at December 31, 2016 was 1.89%. There are no commitment fees or unused line fees under the Amended Credit Agreement. The Amended Credit Agreement includes financial covenants requiring a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and a maximum cash flow leverage ratio. In addition, the Amended Credit Agreement also contains other customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. As of December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with the covenants and conditions of the Amended Credit Agreement. Our liquidity is subject to various risks including the market risks identified in "QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE At December 31, 2016, we had an outstanding balance of $50.0 million under the Credit Line. December 31, 2016 2015 $ 50,611 $ 35,000 52,966 $ 34,987 2014 112,521 54,987 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We do not participate in any off-balance sheet arrangements. Recent Accounting Pronouncements See "FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA — Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements — Note 2" for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements. among our various entities. DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK". Cash and cash equivalents Available borrowing resources Our cash balances are held in numerous locations throughout the world. The majority of our cash is held outside of the United States and may be repatriated to the United States but, under current law, would be subject to United States federal income taxes, less applicable foreign tax credits. Repatriation of some foreign balances is restricted by local laws. We have not provided for the United States federal tax liability on these amounts for financial statement purposes as this cash is considered indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. Our intent is to meet our domestic liquidity needs through ongoing cash flows, external borrowings, or both. We utilize a variety of tax planning strategies in an effort to ensure that our worldwide cash is available in the locations in which it is needed. On December 31, 2016, we had $3.3 million, $22.1 million, $5.3 million, $19.6 million and $0.3 million of cash and cash equivalents in the United States, the PRC, Asia (excluding the PRC), Europe, and South America, respectively. We attempt to mitigate our exposure to liquidity, credit and other relevant risks by placing our cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions we believe are high quality. On September 19, 2016, we extended the term of our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("Amended Credit Agreement") with U.S. Bank National Association ("U.S. Bank") to November 1, 2018. The Amended Credit Agreement provides for an $85.0 million line of credit ("Credit Line") that may be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes including acquisitions, share repurchases and capital expenditures. On January 18, 2017, we entered into the Sixth Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement in which the Credit Line was temporarily increased to $105.0 million through April 15, 2017, after which the Credit Line will revert back to $85.0 million. Amounts available for borrowing under the Credit Line are reduced by the balance of any outstanding letters of credit, of which there were $13 thousand at December 31, 2016. 39 40 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 53 53 4/12/17 2:38 PM It is difficult to estimate the impact of fluctuations on reported income, as it depends on the opening and closing rates, the average net balance sheet positions held in a foreign currency and the amount of income generated in local currency. We routinely forecast what these balance sheet positions and income generated in local currency may be and we take steps to minimize exposure as we deem appropriate. Alternatively, we may choose not to hedge the foreign currency risk associated with our foreign currency exposures, primarily if such exposure acts as a natural foreign currency hedge for other offsetting amounts denominated in the same currency or the currency is difficult or too expensive to hedge. We do not enter into any derivative transactions for speculative purposes. The sensitivity of earnings and cash flows to variability in exchange rates is assessed by applying an approximate range of potential rate fluctuations to our assets, obligations and projected results of operations denominated in foreign currency with all other variables held constant. The analysis covers all of our foreign currency contracts offset by the underlying exposures. Based on our overall foreign currency rate exposure at December 31, 2016, we believe that movements in foreign currency rates may have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations. We estimate that if the exchange rates for the Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, British Pound, Argentinian Peso, Mexican Peso, Brazilian Real, Indian Rupee and Japanese Yen relative to the U.S. Dollar fluctuate 10% from December 31, 2016, net income in the first quarter of 2017 would fluctuate by approximately $8.3 million. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We are exposed to various market risks, including interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. We have established policies, procedures and internal processes governing our management of these risks and the use of financial instruments to mitigate our risk exposure. Interest Rate Risk We are exposed to interest rate risk related to our debt. From time to time we borrow amounts on our Credit Line for working capital and other liquidity needs. Under the Amended Credit Agreement, we may elect to pay interest on outstanding borrowings on our Credit Line based on LIBOR or a base rate (based on the prime rate of U.S. Bank) plus an applicable margin as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement. Accordingly, changes in interest rates would impact our results of operations in future periods. A 100 basis point increase in interest rates would have an approximately $0.3 million annual impact on net income based on our outstanding Credit Line balance at December 31, 2016. We cannot make any assurances that we will not need to borrow additional amounts in the future or that funds will be extended to us under comparable terms or at all. If funding is not available to us at a time when we need to borrow, we would have to use our cash reserves, including potentially repatriating cash from foreign jurisdictions, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk At December 31, 2016, we had wholly-owned subsidiaries in Argentina, Brazil, the British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, the PRC, Singapore, Spain and the United Kingdom. We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk inherent in our sales commitments, anticipated sales, anticipated purchases, operating expenses, assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. The most significant foreign currencies to our operations are the Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, British Pound, Argentinian Peso, Mexican Peso, Brazilian Real, Indian Rupee and Japanese Yen. Our most significant foreign currency exposure is to the Chinese Yuan Renminbi as this is the functional currency of our China-based factories where the majority of our products are manufactured. If the Chinese Yuan Renminbi were to strengthen against the U.S. Dollar, our manufacturing costs would increase. We are generally a net payor of the Euro, Mexican Peso, Indian Rupee and Japanese Yen and therefore benefit from a stronger U.S. Dollar and are adversely affected by a weaker U.S. Dollar relative to the foreign currency. For the British Pound, Argentinian Peso and Brazilian Real, we are generally a net receiver of the foreign currency and therefore benefit from a weaker U.S. Dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. Dollar relative to the foreign currency. Even where we are a net receiver, a weaker U.S. Dollar may adversely affect certain expense figures taken alone. From time to time, we enter into foreign currency exchange agreements to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risks inherent in our forecasted income and cash flows denominated in foreign currencies. The terms of these foreign currency exchange agreements normally last less than nine months. We recognize the gains and losses on these foreign currency contracts in the same period as the remeasurement losses and gains of the related foreign currency-denominated exposures. 54 41 42 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 54 4/12/17 2:38 PM It is difficult to estimate the impact of fluctuations on reported income, as it depends on the opening and closing rates, the average net balance sheet positions held in a foreign currency and the amount of income generated in local currency. We routinely forecast what these balance sheet positions and income generated in local currency may be and we take steps to minimize exposure as we deem appropriate. Alternatively, we may choose not to hedge the foreign currency risk associated with our foreign currency exposures, primarily if such exposure acts as a natural foreign currency hedge for other offsetting amounts denominated in the same currency or the currency is difficult or too expensive to hedge. We do not enter into any derivative transactions for speculative purposes. The sensitivity of earnings and cash flows to variability in exchange rates is assessed by applying an approximate range of potential rate fluctuations to our assets, obligations and projected results of operations denominated in foreign currency with all other variables held constant. The analysis covers all of our foreign currency contracts offset by the underlying exposures. Based on our overall foreign currency rate exposure at December 31, 2016, we believe that movements in foreign currency rates may have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations. We estimate that if the exchange rates for the Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, British Pound, Argentinian Peso, Mexican Peso, Brazilian Real, Indian Rupee and Japanese Yen relative to the U.S. Dollar fluctuate 10% from December 31, 2016, net income in the first quarter of 2017 would fluctuate by approximately $8.3 million. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We are exposed to various market risks, including interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. We have established policies, procedures and internal processes governing our management of these risks and the use of financial instruments to mitigate our risk exposure. Interest Rate Risk We are exposed to interest rate risk related to our debt. From time to time we borrow amounts on our Credit Line for working capital and other liquidity needs. Under the Amended Credit Agreement, we may elect to pay interest on outstanding borrowings on our Credit Line based on LIBOR or a base rate (based on the prime rate of U.S. Bank) plus an applicable margin as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement. Accordingly, changes in interest rates would impact our results of operations in future periods. A 100 basis point increase in interest rates would have an approximately $0.3 million annual impact on net income based on our outstanding Credit Line balance at December 31, 2016. We cannot make any assurances that we will not need to borrow additional amounts in the future or that funds will be extended to us under comparable terms or at all. If funding is not available to us at a time when we need to borrow, we would have to use our cash reserves, including potentially repatriating cash from foreign jurisdictions, which may have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk At December 31, 2016, we had wholly-owned subsidiaries in Argentina, Brazil, the British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, the PRC, Singapore, Spain and the United Kingdom. We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk inherent in our sales commitments, anticipated sales, anticipated purchases, operating expenses, assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. The most significant foreign currencies to our operations are the Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, British Pound, Argentinian Peso, Mexican Peso, Brazilian Real, Indian Rupee and Japanese Yen. Our most significant foreign currency exposure is to the Chinese Yuan Renminbi as this is the functional currency of our China-based factories where the majority of our products are manufactured. If the Chinese Yuan Renminbi were to strengthen against the U.S. Dollar, our manufacturing costs would increase. We are generally a net payor of the Euro, Mexican Peso, Indian Rupee and Japanese Yen and therefore benefit from a stronger U.S. Dollar and are adversely affected by a weaker U.S. Dollar relative to the foreign currency. For the British Pound, Argentinian Peso and Brazilian Real, we are generally a net receiver of the foreign currency and therefore benefit from a weaker U.S. Dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger U.S. Dollar relative to the foreign currency. Even where we are a net receiver, a weaker U.S. Dollar may adversely affect certain expense figures taken alone. From time to time, we enter into foreign currency exchange agreements to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risks inherent in our forecasted income and cash flows denominated in foreign currencies. The terms of these foreign currency exchange agreements normally last less than nine months. We recognize the gains and losses on these foreign currency contracts in the same period as the remeasurement losses and gains of the related foreign currency-denominated exposures. 41 42 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 55 55 4/12/17 2:38 PM REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Stockholders Universal Electronics Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Universal Electronics Inc. (a Delaware corporation) (the "Company") as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Universal Electronics Inc. as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 9, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion. /s/ GRANT THORNTON, LLP Los Angeles, California March 9, 2017 56 43 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 56 4/12/17 2:38 PM REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Stockholders Universal Electronics Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Universal Electronics Inc. (a Delaware corporation) (the "Company") as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Universal Electronics Inc. as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 9, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion. /s/ GRANT THORNTON, LLP Los Angeles, California March 9, 2017 UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands, except share-related data) (In thousands, except share-related data) ASSETS ASSETS December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2015 Current assets: Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents Restricted cash Restricted cash Accounts receivable, net Accounts receivable, net Inventories, net Inventories, net Prepaid expenses and other current assets Prepaid expenses and other current assets Income tax receivable Income tax receivable Deferred income taxes Deferred income taxes Total current assets Total current assets Property, plant, and equipment, net Property, plant, and equipment, net Goodwill Goodwill Intangible assets, net Intangible assets, net Deferred income taxes Deferred income taxes Long-term restricted cash Long-term restricted cash Other assets Other assets Total assets Total assets Current liabilities: Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accounts payable Line of credit Line of credit Accrued compensation Accrued compensation Accrued sales discounts, rebates and royalties Accrued sales discounts, rebates and royalties Accrued income taxes Accrued income taxes Other accrued expenses Other accrued expenses Total current liabilities Total current liabilities Long-term liabilities: Long-term liabilities: Long-term contingent consideration Long-term contingent consideration Deferred income taxes Deferred income taxes Income tax payable Income tax payable Other long-term liabilities Other long-term liabilities Total liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies Commitments and contingencies Stockholders' equity: Stockholders' equity: LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding outstanding Common stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 23,575,340 and Common stock, $0.01 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 23,575,340 and 23,176,277 shares issued on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively 23,176,277 shares issued on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively Paid-in capital Paid-in capital Treasury stock, at cost, 9,022,587 and 8,824,768 shares on December 31, 2016 and Treasury stock, at cost, 9,022,587 and 8,824,768 shares on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively 2015, respectively Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Retained earnings Universal Electronics Inc. stockholders' equity Noncontrolling interest Total stockholders' equity Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 44 44 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 50,611 $ 50,611 $ 4,623 4,623 124,592 124,592 129,879 129,879 7,439 7,439 1,054 1,054 5,960 5,960 324,158 324,158 105,351 105,351 43,052 43,052 28,549 28,549 10,430 10,430 4,600 4,600 4,896 4,896 521,036 $ 521,036 $ 97,157 $ 97,157 $ 49,987 49,987 35,580 35,580 8,358 8,358 375 375 24,410 24,410 215,867 215,867 10,500 10,500 7,060 7,060 791 791 6,308 6,308 240,526 240,526 — — 236 236 250,481 250,481 (222,980 ) (222,980 ) (22,821 ) 275,594 280,510 — 280,510 521,036 $ 52,966 52,966 4,623 4,623 121,801 121,801 122,366 122,366 6,217 6,217 55 55 7,296 7,296 315,324 315,324 90,015 90,015 43,116 43,116 32,926 32,926 8,474 8,474 — — 5,365 5,365 495,220 495,220 93,843 93,843 50,000 50,000 37,452 37,452 7,618 7,618 4,745 4,745 21,466 21,466 215,124 215,124 11,751 11,751 7,891 7,891 629 629 1,917 1,917 237,312 237,312 — — 232 232 228,269 228,269 (210,333 ) (210,333 ) (15,799 ) 255,240 257,609 299 257,908 495,220 43 See Notes 5 and 11 for further information concerning our purchases from related party vendors. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 57 57 4/12/17 2:38 PM 45 UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS (In thousands, except per share amounts) Net sales Cost of sales Gross profit Research and development expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses Operating income Interest income (expense), net Other income (expense), net Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc.: Basic Diluted Shares used in computing earnings per share: Basic Diluted $ $ $ $ Year Ended December 31, 2016 651,371 $ 487,247 164,124 19,850 118,877 25,397 (1,049 ) 840 25,188 4,804 20,384 30 20,354 $ 2015 602,833 $ 436,084 166,749 18,141 112,689 35,919 63 (7 ) 35,975 6,802 29,173 (1 ) 29,174 $ 1.41 $ 1.38 $ 1.91 $ 1.88 $ 14,465 14,764 15,248 15,542 2014 562,329 395,429 166,900 16,975 108,645 41,280 11 (840 ) 40,451 7,917 32,534 — 32,534 2.06 2.01 15,781 16,152 See Notes 5 and 11 for further information concerning our purchases from related party vendors. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME STATEMENTS (In thousands) Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 20,384 $ 29,173 $ 32,534 Net income Other comprehensive income (loss): Change in foreign currency translation adjustment Total comprehensive income (loss) Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest (7,022 ) 13,362 30 (11,353 ) 17,820 (1 ) (7,428 ) 25,106 — Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. $ 13,332 $ 17,821 $ 25,106 See Notes 5 and 11 for further information concerning our purchases from related party vendors. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 58 46 47 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 58 4/12/17 2:38 PM UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS (In thousands, except per share amounts) Net sales Cost of sales Gross profit Research and development expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses Operating income Interest income (expense), net Other income (expense), net Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc.: Shares used in computing earnings per share: Basic Diluted Basic Diluted Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 651,371 $ 602,833 $ 487,247 164,124 19,850 118,877 25,397 (1,049 ) 840 25,188 4,804 20,384 30 436,084 166,749 18,141 112,689 35,919 63 (7 ) 35,975 6,802 29,173 (1 ) $ $ $ 20,354 $ 29,174 $ 1.41 $ 1.38 $ 1.91 $ 1.88 $ 14,465 14,764 15,248 15,542 562,329 395,429 166,900 16,975 108,645 41,280 11 (840 ) 40,451 7,917 32,534 — 32,534 2.06 2.01 15,781 16,152 See Notes 5 and 11 for further information concerning our purchases from related party vendors. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME STATEMENTS (In thousands) Net income Other comprehensive income (loss): Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 20,384 $ 29,173 $ 32,534 Change in foreign currency translation adjustment Total comprehensive income (loss) Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. $ (7,022 ) 13,362 30 13,332 $ (11,353 ) 17,820 (1 ) 17,821 $ (7,428 ) 25,106 — 25,106 See Notes 5 and 11 for further information concerning our purchases from related party vendors. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 46 47 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 59 59 4/12/17 2:38 PM UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (In thousands) Common Stock Issued Common Stock in Treasury Shares Amount Shares Amount Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Noncontrolling Interest Totals 22,344 $ 223 (6,639 ) $ (104,980 ) $ 199,513 $ 2,982 $ 193,532 $ 32,534 — $ — (7,428 ) 160 391 15 2 4 — (384 ) (16,168 ) 15 210 22,910 229 (7,008 ) (120,938 ) 165 71 30 2 1 — (1,817 ) (89,395 ) 845 8,118 (210 ) 6,444 214,710 866 1,711 — 7,913 3,069 (4,446 ) (11,353 ) 226,066 29,174 — (1 ) 23,176 232 (8,825 ) (210,333 ) 228,269 (15,799 ) 378 (78 ) 299 30 255,240 20,354 130 239 30 1 3 — (198 ) (12,647 ) (7,022 ) 912 6,241 — 10,324 2,007 2,728 23,575 $ 236 (9,023 ) $ (222,980 ) $ 250,481 $ (22,821 ) $ 275,594 $ (329 ) — $ 291,270 32,534 (7,428 ) 847 (16,168 ) 8,122 — 6,444 315,621 29,173 (11,353 ) 868 (89,395 ) 1,712 — 7,913 3,069 378 (78 ) 257,908 20,384 (7,022 ) 913 (12,647 ) 6,244 — 10,324 2,007 2,728 (329 ) 280,510 Balance at December 31, 2013 Net income Currency translation adjustment Shares issued for employee benefit plan and compensation Purchase of treasury shares Stock options exercised Shares issued to Directors Employee and director stock-based compensation Balance at December 31, 2014 Net income (loss) Currency translation adjustment Shares issued for employee benefit plan and compensation Purchase of treasury shares Stock options exercised Shares issued to Directors Employee and director stock-based compensation Tax benefit from exercise of non-qualified stock options and vested restricted stock Business combination Distribution to noncontrolling interest Balance at December 31, 2015 Net income Currency translation adjustment Shares issued for employee benefit plan and compensation Purchase of treasury shares Stock options exercised Shares issued to Directors Employee and director stock-based compensation Tax benefit from exercise of non-qualified stock options and vested restricted stock Performance-based common stock warrants Deconsolidation of Encore Controls LLC Balance at December 31, 2016 See Notes 5 and 11 for further information concerning our purchases from related party vendors. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 60 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 60 4/12/17 2:38 PM UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY Common Stock Issued (In thousands) Common Stock in Treasury Shares Amount Shares Amount 22,344 $ 223 (6,639 ) $ (104,980 ) $ 199,513 $ 2,982 $ Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Noncontrolling Interest Totals 193,532 $ 32,534 — $ — (7,428 ) 22,910 229 (7,008 ) (120,938 ) 214,710 (4,446 ) 226,066 29,174 — (1 ) (11,353 ) (384 ) (16,168 ) 15 210 (1,817 ) (89,395 ) 23,176 232 (8,825 ) (210,333 ) 228,269 (15,799 ) 255,240 20,354 (7,022 ) (198 ) (12,647 ) Shares issued for employee benefit plan and compensation Employee and director stock-based compensation Balance at December 31, 2013 Net income Currency translation adjustment Purchase of treasury shares Stock options exercised Shares issued to Directors Balance at December 31, 2014 Net income (loss) Currency translation adjustment Purchase of treasury shares Stock options exercised Shares issued to Directors Shares issued for employee benefit plan and compensation Employee and director stock-based compensation Tax benefit from exercise of non-qualified stock options and vested restricted stock Business combination Distribution to noncontrolling interest Balance at December 31, 2015 Net income Currency translation adjustment Purchase of treasury shares Stock options exercised Shares issued to Directors Shares issued for employee benefit plan and compensation Employee and director stock-based compensation Tax benefit from exercise of non-qualified stock options and vested restricted stock Performance-based common stock warrants Deconsolidation of Encore Controls LLC Balance at December 31, 2016 160 391 15 165 71 30 130 239 30 2 4 — 2 1 — 1 3 — 291,270 32,534 (7,428 ) 847 (16,168 ) 8,122 — 6,444 315,621 29,173 (11,353 ) 868 (89,395 ) 1,712 — 7,913 3,069 378 (78 ) 257,908 20,384 (7,022 ) 913 (12,647 ) 6,244 — 10,324 2,007 2,728 (329 ) 280,510 378 (78 ) 299 30 (329 ) — $ 845 8,118 (210 ) 6,444 866 1,711 — 7,913 3,069 912 6,241 — 10,324 2,007 2,728 23,575 $ 236 (9,023 ) $ (222,980 ) $ 250,481 $ (22,821 ) $ 275,594 $ See Notes 5 and 11 for further information concerning our purchases from related party vendors. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands) Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 Cash provided by operating activities: Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: $ 20,384 $ 29,173 $ Depreciation and amortization Provision for doubtful accounts Provision for inventory write-downs Deferred income taxes Tax benefit from exercise of stock options and vested restricted stock Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation Shares issued for employee benefit plan Employee and director stock-based compensation Performance-based common stock warrants Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Restricted cash Accounts receivable Inventories Prepaid expenses and other assets Accounts payable and accrued expenses Accrued income taxes Net cash provided by operating activities Cash used for investing activities: Acquisition of property, plant, and equipment Acquisition of intangible assets Increase in restricted cash Deposit received toward sale of Guangzhou factory Deconsolidation of Encore Controls LLC Acquisition of net assets of Ecolink Intelligent Technology, Inc., net of cash acquired Net cash used for investing activities Cash provided by (used for) financing activities: Borrowings under line of credit Repayments on line of credit Proceeds from stock options exercised Treasury stock purchased Distribution to noncontrolling interest Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of period Supplemental cash flow information: Income taxes paid Interest paid 49 $ $ $ 26,967 183 3,806 (1,637 ) 2,007 (1,970 ) 913 10,324 2,728 — (3,882 ) (14,800 ) (772 ) 10,451 (5,159 ) 49,543 (40,651 ) (1,912 ) (4,797 ) 4,797 48 — (42,515 ) 147,974 (147,987 ) 6,244 (12,647 ) — 1,970 (4,446 ) (4,937 ) (2,355 ) 52,966 50,611 $ 20,452 299 3,382 (5,348 ) 3,069 (2,619 ) 868 7,913 — (4,623 ) (29,407 ) (31,877 ) 774 33,309 729 26,094 (32,989 ) (2,395 ) — — — (12,265 ) (47,649 ) 84,500 (34,500 ) 1,712 (89,395 ) (78 ) 2,619 (35,142 ) (2,858 ) (59,555 ) 112,521 52,966 $ 32,534 18,244 249 3,473 (538 ) — — 847 6,444 — — (7,966 ) (8,161 ) (2,803 ) 19,964 1,186 63,473 (16,566 ) (1,853 ) — — — — (18,419 ) — — 8,122 (16,168 ) — — (8,046 ) (661 ) 36,347 76,174 112,521 9,891 $ 1,208 $ 7,793 $ 255 $ 7,178 — See Notes 5 and 11 for further information concerning our purchases from related party vendors. 50 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 61 61 4/12/17 2:38 PM 51 UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2016 Note 1 — Description of Business Universal Electronics Inc. ("UEI"), based in Southern California, develops and manufactures a broad line of easy-to-use, pre- programmed universal wireless control products, audio-video accessories and intelligent wireless automation components as well as software designed to enable consumers to wirelessly connect, control and interact with an increasingly complex home entertainment and automation environment. In addition, over the past 29 years, we have developed a broad portfolio of patented technologies and a database of home connectivity software that we license to our customers, including many leading Fortune 500 companies. Our primary markets include cable and satellite television service provider, original equipment manufacturer ("OEM"), retail, private label, pro-security installation and personal computing companies. We sell directly to our customers, and for retail we also sell through distributors in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the Middle East, Mexico, and selected countries in Asia and Latin America under the One For All® and Nevo® brand names. As used herein, the terms "we", "us" and "our" refer to Universal Electronics Inc. and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates to the contrary. Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly-owned subsidiaries and jointly owned entities in which we have a controlling interest. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. Estimates and Assumptions The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to revenue recognition, allowances for sales returns and doubtful accounts, inventory valuation, our review for impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill, business combinations, income taxes, stock-based compensation expense and performance-based common stock warrants. Actual results may differ from these assumptions and estimates, and they may be adjusted as more information becomes available. Any adjustment may be material. Revenue Recognition We recognize revenue on the sale of products when title of the goods has transferred, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement (such as when a purchase order is received from the customer), the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. The provision recorded for estimated sales returns is deducted from gross sales to arrive at net sales in the period the related revenue is recorded. These estimates are based on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data and other known factors. We have no obligations after delivery of our products other than the associated warranties. See Note 13 for further information concerning our warranty obligations. We accrue for discounts and rebates based on historical experience and our expectations regarding future sales to our customers. Accruals for discounts and rebates are recorded as a reduction to sales in the same period as the related revenues. Changes in such accruals may be required if future rebates and incentives differ from our estimates. Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Sales allowances are recognized as reductions of gross accounts receivable to arrive at accounts receivable, net if the sales allowances are distributed in customer account credits. See Note 4 for further information concerning our sales allowances. Revenue for the sale of tooling is recognized when the related tooling has been provided, customer acceptance documentation has been obtained, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. We generate service revenue, which is paid monthly, as a result of providing consumer support programs to some of our customers through our call centers. These service revenues are recognized when services are performed, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists (such as when a signed agreement is received from the customer), the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. We license our intellectual property including our patented technologies, trademarks, and database of control codes. When our license fees are paid on a per unit basis we record license revenue when our customers ship a product incorporating our intellectual property, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. When a fixed upfront license fee is received in exchange for the delivery of a particular database of infrared codes that represents the culmination of the earnings process, we record revenues when delivery has occurred, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue for term license fees is recognized on a straight-line basis over the effective term of the license when we cannot reliably predict in which periods, within the term of the license, the licensee will benefit from the use of our patented inventions. We present all non-income government-assessed taxes (sales, use and value added taxes) collected from our customers and remitted to governmental agencies on a net basis (excluded from revenue) in our financial statements. The government-assessed taxes are recorded in other accrued expenses until they are remitted to the government agency. Income Taxes Income tax expense includes U.S. and foreign income taxes. We account for income taxes using the liability method. We record deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities on our balance sheet for expected future tax consequences of events recognized in our financial statements in a different period than our tax return using enacted tax rates that will be in effect when these differences reverse. We record a valuation allowance to reduce net deferred tax assets if we determine that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A current tax asset or liability is recognized for the estimated taxes refundable or payable for the current year. Accounting standards prescribe a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities, or else a full reserve is established against the 62 52 53 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 62 4/12/17 2:38 PM UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2016 Note 1 — Description of Business Universal Electronics Inc. ("UEI"), based in Southern California, develops and manufactures a broad line of easy-to-use, pre- programmed universal wireless control products, audio-video accessories and intelligent wireless automation components as well as software designed to enable consumers to wirelessly connect, control and interact with an increasingly complex home entertainment and automation environment. In addition, over the past 29 years, we have developed a broad portfolio of patented technologies and a database of home connectivity software that we license to our customers, including many leading Fortune 500 companies. Our primary markets include cable and satellite television service provider, original equipment manufacturer ("OEM"), retail, private label, pro-security installation and personal computing companies. We sell directly to our customers, and for retail we also sell through distributors in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, the Middle East, Mexico, and selected countries in Asia and Latin America under the One For All® and Nevo® brand names. As used herein, the terms "we", "us" and "our" refer to Universal Electronics Inc. and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates to the contrary. Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation consolidated financial statements. Estimates and Assumptions The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly-owned subsidiaries and jointly owned entities in which we have a controlling interest. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to revenue recognition, allowances for sales returns and doubtful accounts, inventory valuation, our review for impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill, business combinations, income taxes, stock-based compensation expense and performance-based common stock warrants. Actual results may differ from these assumptions and estimates, and they may be adjusted as more information becomes available. Any adjustment may be material. Revenue Recognition We recognize revenue on the sale of products when title of the goods has transferred, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement (such as when a purchase order is received from the customer), the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. The provision recorded for estimated sales returns is deducted from gross sales to arrive at net sales in the period the related revenue is recorded. These estimates are based on historical sales returns, analysis of credit memo data and other known factors. We have no obligations after delivery of our products other than the associated warranties. See Note 13 for further information concerning our warranty obligations. We accrue for discounts and rebates based on historical experience and our expectations regarding future sales to our customers. Accruals for discounts and rebates are recorded as a reduction to sales in the same period as the related revenues. Changes in such accruals may be required if future rebates and incentives differ from our estimates. Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Sales allowances are recognized as reductions of gross accounts receivable to arrive at accounts receivable, net if the sales allowances are distributed in customer account credits. See Note 4 for further information concerning our sales allowances. Revenue for the sale of tooling is recognized when the related tooling has been provided, customer acceptance documentation has been obtained, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. We generate service revenue, which is paid monthly, as a result of providing consumer support programs to some of our customers through our call centers. These service revenues are recognized when services are performed, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists (such as when a signed agreement is received from the customer), the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. We license our intellectual property including our patented technologies, trademarks, and database of control codes. When our license fees are paid on a per unit basis we record license revenue when our customers ship a product incorporating our intellectual property, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. When a fixed upfront license fee is received in exchange for the delivery of a particular database of infrared codes that represents the culmination of the earnings process, we record revenues when delivery has occurred, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue for term license fees is recognized on a straight-line basis over the effective term of the license when we cannot reliably predict in which periods, within the term of the license, the licensee will benefit from the use of our patented inventions. We present all non-income government-assessed taxes (sales, use and value added taxes) collected from our customers and remitted to governmental agencies on a net basis (excluded from revenue) in our financial statements. The government-assessed taxes are recorded in other accrued expenses until they are remitted to the government agency. Income Taxes Income tax expense includes U.S. and foreign income taxes. We account for income taxes using the liability method. We record deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities on our balance sheet for expected future tax consequences of events recognized in our financial statements in a different period than our tax return using enacted tax rates that will be in effect when these differences reverse. We record a valuation allowance to reduce net deferred tax assets if we determine that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized. A current tax asset or liability is recognized for the estimated taxes refundable or payable for the current year. Accounting standards prescribe a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities, or else a full reserve is established against the 52 53 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 63 63 4/12/17 2:38 PM tax asset or a liability is recorded. A "more likely than not" tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. See Note 9 for further information concerning income taxes. which to estimate the number of warrants that will vest, then the maximum number of potential warrants is assumed until such time that a reliable forecast of future purchases is available. To the extent that our projections change in the future as to the number of warrants that will vest, a cumulative catch-up adjustment will be recorded in the period in which our estimates Research and Development Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of salaries, employee benefits, supplies and materials. Advertising Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense totaled $1.1 million, $1.1 million, and $1.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs We include shipping and handling fees billed to customers in net sales. Shipping and handling costs associated with in-bound freight are recorded in cost of goods sold. Other shipping and handling costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and totaled $11.6 million, $12.7 million and $11.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation awards as expense, net of estimated forfeitures, in proportion to vesting during the requisite service period, which ranges from one to four years. Estimated forfeiture rates are based upon historical forfeitures. We determine the fair value of restricted stock awards utilizing the average of the high and low trade prices of our Company's shares on the date they were granted. The fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The risk-free interest rate over the expected term is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected life is computed utilizing historical exercise patterns and post-vesting behavior. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. See Note 16 for further information regarding stock-based compensation. Performance-Based Common Stock Warrants The measurement date for performance-based common stock warrants is the date on which the warrants vest. We recognize the fair value of performance-based common stock warrants as a reduction to net sales ratably as the warrants vest based on the projected number of warrants that will vest, the proportion of the performance criteria achieved by the customer within the period relative to the total performance required (aggregate purchase levels) for the warrants to vest and the then-current fair value of the related unvested warrants. If we do not have a reliable forecast of future purchases to be made by the customer by change. The fair value of performance-based common stock warrants is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the price of our common stock, the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The price of our common stock is equal to the average of the high and low trade prices of our common stock on the measurement date. The risk-free interest rate over the expected life is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the warrant. Expected life is equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrant. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. See Note 17 for further information regarding performance-based common stock warrants. Foreign Currency Translation and Foreign Currency Transactions We use the U.S. Dollar as our functional currency for financial reporting purposes. The functional currency for most of our foreign subsidiaries is their local currency. The translation of foreign currencies into U.S. Dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates and for revenue and expense accounts using the average exchange rate during each period. The gains and losses resulting from the translation are included in the foreign currency translation adjustment account, a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders' equity, and are excluded from net income. The portions of intercompany accounts receivable and accounts payable that are intended for settlement are translated at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Our intercompany foreign investments and long- term debt that are not intended for settlement are translated using historical exchange rates. Transaction gains and losses generated by the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on recorded assets and liabilities denominated in a currency different than the functional currency of the applicable entity are recorded in other income (expense), net. See Note 18 for further information concerning transaction gains and losses. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares, including the dilutive effect of stock option and restricted stock awards, outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential common shares for all periods presented are computed utilizing the treasury stock method. In the computation of diluted earnings per common share we exclude stock options with exercise prices greater than the average market price of the underlying common stock because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Furthermore, we exclude shares of restricted stock whose combined unamortized fair value and excess tax benefits are greater than the average market price of the underlying common stock during the period, as their effect would be anti-dilutive. 64 54 55 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 64 4/12/17 2:38 PM tax asset or a liability is recorded. A "more likely than not" tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. See Note 9 for further information concerning Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and consist primarily of salaries, employee benefits, supplies and income taxes. Research and Development materials. Advertising Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising expense totaled $1.1 million, $1.1 million, and $1.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs We include shipping and handling fees billed to customers in net sales. Shipping and handling costs associated with in-bound freight are recorded in cost of goods sold. Other shipping and handling costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and totaled $11.6 million, $12.7 million and $11.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation based upon historical forfeitures. shares on the date they were granted. We recognize the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation awards as expense, net of estimated forfeitures, in proportion to vesting during the requisite service period, which ranges from one to four years. Estimated forfeiture rates are We determine the fair value of restricted stock awards utilizing the average of the high and low trade prices of our Company's The fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The risk-free interest rate over the expected term is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the stock option. Expected life is computed utilizing historical exercise patterns and post-vesting behavior. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. See Note 16 for further information regarding stock-based compensation. Performance-Based Common Stock Warrants The measurement date for performance-based common stock warrants is the date on which the warrants vest. We recognize the fair value of performance-based common stock warrants as a reduction to net sales ratably as the warrants vest based on the projected number of warrants that will vest, the proportion of the performance criteria achieved by the customer within the period relative to the total performance required (aggregate purchase levels) for the warrants to vest and the then-current fair value of the related unvested warrants. If we do not have a reliable forecast of future purchases to be made by the customer by which to estimate the number of warrants that will vest, then the maximum number of potential warrants is assumed until such time that a reliable forecast of future purchases is available. To the extent that our projections change in the future as to the number of warrants that will vest, a cumulative catch-up adjustment will be recorded in the period in which our estimates change. The fair value of performance-based common stock warrants is determined utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the price of our common stock, the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The price of our common stock is equal to the average of the high and low trade prices of our common stock on the measurement date. The risk-free interest rate over the expected life is equal to the prevailing U.S. Treasury note rate over the same period. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the warrant. Expected life is equal to the remaining contractual term of the warrant. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since we have not historically declared dividends and do not have any plans to declare dividends in the future. See Note 17 for further information regarding performance-based common stock warrants. Foreign Currency Translation and Foreign Currency Transactions We use the U.S. Dollar as our functional currency for financial reporting purposes. The functional currency for most of our foreign subsidiaries is their local currency. The translation of foreign currencies into U.S. Dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates and for revenue and expense accounts using the average exchange rate during each period. The gains and losses resulting from the translation are included in the foreign currency translation adjustment account, a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders' equity, and are excluded from net income. The portions of intercompany accounts receivable and accounts payable that are intended for settlement are translated at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Our intercompany foreign investments and long- term debt that are not intended for settlement are translated using historical exchange rates. Transaction gains and losses generated by the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on recorded assets and liabilities denominated in a currency different than the functional currency of the applicable entity are recorded in other income (expense), net. See Note 18 for further information concerning transaction gains and losses. Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares, including the dilutive effect of stock option and restricted stock awards, outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential common shares for all periods presented are computed utilizing the treasury stock method. In the computation of diluted earnings per common share we exclude stock options with exercise prices greater than the average market price of the underlying common stock because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Furthermore, we exclude shares of restricted stock whose combined unamortized fair value and excess tax benefits are greater than the average market price of the underlying common stock during the period, as their effect would be anti-dilutive. 54 55 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 65 65 4/12/17 2:38 PM Financial Instruments Property, Plant, and Equipment Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and debt. The carrying value of our financial instruments approximates fair value as a result of their short maturities. See Notes 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, and 11 for further information concerning our financial instruments. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include cash accounts and all investments purchased with initial maturities of three months or less. Domestically we generally maintain balances in excess of federally insured limits. We attempt to mitigate our exposure to liquidity, credit and other relevant risks by placing our cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions we believe are high quality. These financial institutions are located in many different geographic regions. As part of our cash and risk management processes, we perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of our financial institutions. We have not sustained credit losses from instruments held at financial institutions. See Note 3 for further information concerning cash and cash equivalents. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make payments for products sold or services rendered. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a variety of factors, including credit reviews, historical experience, length of time receivables are past due, current economic trends and changes in customer payment behavior. We also record specific provisions for individual accounts when we become aware of a customer's inability to meet its financial obligations to us, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings or deterioration in the customer's operating results or financial position. If circumstances related to a customer change, our estimates of the recoverability of the receivables would be further adjusted. See Note 4 for further information concerning our allowance for doubtful accounts. Inventories Inventories consist of remote controls, wireless sensors and audio-video accessories as well as the related component parts and raw materials. Inventoriable costs include materials, labor, freight-in and manufacturing overhead related to the purchase and production of inventories. We value our inventories at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. We attempt to carry inventories in amounts necessary to satisfy our customer requirements on a timely basis. See Note 5 for further information concerning our inventories and suppliers. Product innovations and technological advances may shorten a given product's life cycle. We continually monitor our inventories to identify any excess or obsolete items on hand. We write-down our inventories for estimated excess and obsolescence in an amount equal to the difference between the cost of the inventories and estimated market value. These estimates are based upon management's judgment about future demand and market conditions. Property, plant, and equipment are recorded at cost. The cost of property, plant, and equipment includes the purchase price of the asset and all expenditures necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use. We capitalize additions and improvements and expense maintenance and repairs as incurred. To qualify for capitalization, an asset, excluding computer equipment, must have a useful life greater than one year and a cost equal to or greater than $5,000 for individual assets or $5,000 for assets purchased in bulk. To qualify for capitalization, computer equipment, must have a useful life of greater than one year and a cost equal to or greater than $1,000 for individual assets or $5,000 for assets purchased in bulk. We capitalize certain internal and external costs incurred to acquire or create internal use software, principally related to software coding, designing system interfaces and installation and testing of the software. For financial reporting purposes, depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the appropriate accounts and any gain or loss is included as a component of depreciation expense. Estimated useful lives are as follows: Buildings Tooling and equipment Computer equipment Software Furniture and fixtures Leasehold and building improvements 25-33 Years 2-7 Years 3-5 Years 3-7 Years 5-8 Years Lesser of lease term or useful life (approximately 2 to 10 years) See Note 6 for further information concerning our property, plant, and equipment. Goodwill We record the excess purchase price of net tangible and intangible assets acquired over their estimated fair value as goodwill. We evaluate the carrying value of goodwill on December 31 of each year and between annual evaluations if events occur or circumstances change that may reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. Such circumstances may include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition, or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. To evaluate whether goodwill is impaired, we conduct a two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the first step we compare the estimated fair value of our single reporting unit to the reporting unit's carrying amount, including goodwill. We estimate the fair value of our reporting unit based on income and market approaches. Under the income approach, we calculate the fair value based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate the fair value based on market multiples of enterprise value to EBITDA for comparable companies. If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then we perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill. To calculate the implied fair value of the 66 56 57 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 66 4/12/17 2:38 PM Financial Instruments Property, Plant, and Equipment Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and debt. The carrying value of our financial instruments approximates fair value as a result of their short maturities. See Notes 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, and 11 for further information concerning our financial instruments. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include cash accounts and all investments purchased with initial maturities of three months or less. Domestically we generally maintain balances in excess of federally insured limits. We attempt to mitigate our exposure to liquidity, credit and other relevant risks by placing our cash and cash equivalents with financial institutions we believe are high quality. These financial institutions are located in many different geographic regions. As part of our cash and risk management processes, we perform periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of our financial institutions. We have not sustained credit losses from instruments held at financial institutions. See Note 3 for further information concerning cash and cash equivalents. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts payment behavior. adjusted. Inventories We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make payments for products sold or services rendered. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a variety of factors, including credit reviews, historical experience, length of time receivables are past due, current economic trends and changes in customer We also record specific provisions for individual accounts when we become aware of a customer's inability to meet its financial obligations to us, such as in the case of bankruptcy filings or deterioration in the customer's operating results or financial position. If circumstances related to a customer change, our estimates of the recoverability of the receivables would be further See Note 4 for further information concerning our allowance for doubtful accounts. Inventories consist of remote controls, wireless sensors and audio-video accessories as well as the related component parts and raw materials. Inventoriable costs include materials, labor, freight-in and manufacturing overhead related to the purchase and production of inventories. We value our inventories at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. We attempt to carry inventories in amounts necessary to satisfy our customer requirements on a timely basis. See Note 5 for further information concerning our inventories and suppliers. Product innovations and technological advances may shorten a given product's life cycle. We continually monitor our inventories to identify any excess or obsolete items on hand. We write-down our inventories for estimated excess and obsolescence in an amount equal to the difference between the cost of the inventories and estimated market value. These estimates are based upon management's judgment about future demand and market conditions. Property, plant, and equipment are recorded at cost. The cost of property, plant, and equipment includes the purchase price of the asset and all expenditures necessary to prepare the asset for its intended use. We capitalize additions and improvements and expense maintenance and repairs as incurred. To qualify for capitalization, an asset, excluding computer equipment, must have a useful life greater than one year and a cost equal to or greater than $5,000 for individual assets or $5,000 for assets purchased in bulk. To qualify for capitalization, computer equipment, must have a useful life of greater than one year and a cost equal to or greater than $1,000 for individual assets or $5,000 for assets purchased in bulk. We capitalize certain internal and external costs incurred to acquire or create internal use software, principally related to software coding, designing system interfaces and installation and testing of the software. For financial reporting purposes, depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the appropriate accounts and any gain or loss is included as a component of depreciation expense. Estimated useful lives are as follows: Buildings Tooling and equipment Computer equipment Software Furniture and fixtures Leasehold and building improvements 25-33 Years 2-7 Years 3-5 Years 3-7 Years 5-8 Years Lesser of lease term or useful life (approximately 2 to 10 years) See Note 6 for further information concerning our property, plant, and equipment. Goodwill We record the excess purchase price of net tangible and intangible assets acquired over their estimated fair value as goodwill. We evaluate the carrying value of goodwill on December 31 of each year and between annual evaluations if events occur or circumstances change that may reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount. Such circumstances may include, but are not limited to: (1) a significant adverse change in legal factors or in business climate, (2) unanticipated competition, or (3) an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. To evaluate whether goodwill is impaired, we conduct a two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. In the first step we compare the estimated fair value of our single reporting unit to the reporting unit's carrying amount, including goodwill. We estimate the fair value of our reporting unit based on income and market approaches. Under the income approach, we calculate the fair value based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Under the market approach, we estimate the fair value based on market multiples of enterprise value to EBITDA for comparable companies. If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit, then we perform the second step of the impairment test in order to determine the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill. To calculate the implied fair value of the 56 57 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 67 67 4/12/17 2:38 PM reporting unit's goodwill, the fair value of the reporting unit is first allocated to all of the other assets and liabilities of that unit based on their fair values. The excess of the reporting unit's fair value over the amount assigned to its other assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss would be recognized equal to the amount by which the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. See Note 7 for further information concerning goodwill. Long-Lived and Intangible Assets Impairment Intangible assets consist principally of distribution rights, patents, trademarks and trade names, developed and core technologies, capitalized software development costs (see also Note 2 under the caption Capitalized Software Development Costs) and customer relationships. Capitalized amounts related to patents represent external legal costs for the application, maintenance and extension of the useful life of patents. Intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated period of benefit, ranging from one to 15 years. We assess the impairment of long-lived assets and intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors considered important which may trigger an impairment review include the following: (1) significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results; (2) significant changes in the manner or use of the assets or strategy for the overall business; (3) significant negative industry or economic trends and (4) a significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period. We conduct an impairment review when we determine that the carrying value of a long-lived or intangible asset may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment. The asset is impaired if its carrying value exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. In assessing recoverability, we make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors. An impairment loss is the amount by which the carrying value of an asset exceeds its fair value. We estimate fair value utilizing the projected discounted cash flow method and a discount rate determined by our management to be commensurate with the risk inherent in our current business model. When calculating fair value, we make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows, discount rates and other factors. See Notes 6 and 15 for further information concerning long-lived assets. See Note 7 for further information concerning intangible assets. Capitalized Software Development Costs Costs incurred to develop software for resale are expensed when incurred as research and development expense until technological feasibility has been established. We have determined that technological feasibility for our products is typically established when a working prototype is complete. Once technological feasibility is established, software development costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. Capitalized software development costs are amortized on a product-by-product basis. Amortization is recorded in cost of sales and is the greater of the amounts computed using: a. the net book value at the beginning of the period multiplied by the ratio that current gross revenues for a product bear to the total of current and anticipated future gross revenues for that product; or b. the straight-line method over the remaining estimated economic life of the product including the period being reported on. The amortization of capitalized software development costs begins when the related product is available for general release to customers. The amortization period is generally two years. We compare the unamortized capitalized software development costs of a product to its net realizable value at each balance sheet date. The amount by which the unamortized capitalized software development costs exceed the product's net realizable value is written off. The net realizable value is the estimated future gross revenues of a product reduced by its estimated completion and disposal costs. Any remaining amount of capitalized software development costs are considered to be the cost for subsequent accounting periods and the amount of the write-down is not subsequently restored. See Note 7 for further information concerning capitalized software development costs. Business Combinations We allocate the purchase price of acquired businesses to the tangible and intangible assets and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. We engage independent third-party appraisal firms to assist us in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Such valuations require management to make significant fair value estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets and contingent consideration. Management estimates the fair value of certain intangible assets and contingent consideration by utilizing the following (but not limited to): • future cash flow from customer contracts, customer lists, distribution agreements, acquired developed • expected costs to complete development of in-process technology into commercially viable products and cash technologies, trademarks, trade names and patents; flows from the products once they are completed; • brand awareness and market position as well as assumptions regarding the period of time the brand will continue to be used in our product portfolio; and • discount rates utilized in discounted cash flow models. In those circumstances where an acquisition involves a contingent consideration arrangement, we recognize a liability equal to the fair value of the contingent payments we expect to make as of the acquisition date. We re-measure this liability at each reporting period and record changes in the fair value within operating expenses. Increases or decreases in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability can result from changes in discount periods and rates, as well as changes in the timing and amount of earnings estimates or in the timing or likelihood of achieving earnings-based milestones. Results of operations and cash flows of acquired businesses are included in our operating results from the date of acquisition. See Note 22 for further information concerning business combinations. 68 58 59 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 68 4/12/17 2:38 PM reporting unit's goodwill, the fair value of the reporting unit is first allocated to all of the other assets and liabilities of that unit based on their fair values. The excess of the reporting unit's fair value over the amount assigned to its other assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss would be recognized equal to the amount by which the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. See Note 7 for further information concerning goodwill. Long-Lived and Intangible Assets Impairment Intangible assets consist principally of distribution rights, patents, trademarks and trade names, developed and core technologies, capitalized software development costs (see also Note 2 under the caption Capitalized Software Development Costs) and customer relationships. Capitalized amounts related to patents represent external legal costs for the application, maintenance and extension of the useful life of patents. Intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated period of benefit, ranging from one to 15 years. We assess the impairment of long-lived assets and intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors considered important which may trigger an impairment review include the following: (1) significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results; (2) significant changes in the manner or use of the assets or strategy for the overall business; (3) significant negative industry or economic trends and (4) a significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period. We conduct an impairment review when we determine that the carrying value of a long-lived or intangible asset may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment. The asset is impaired if its carrying value exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. In assessing recoverability, we make assumptions regarding estimated future cash flows and other factors. An impairment loss is the amount by which the carrying value of an asset exceeds its fair value. We estimate fair value utilizing the projected discounted cash flow method and a discount rate determined by our management to be commensurate with the risk inherent in our current business model. When calculating fair value, we make assumptions regarding estimated future cash See Notes 6 and 15 for further information concerning long-lived assets. See Note 7 for further information concerning flows, discount rates and other factors. intangible assets. Capitalized Software Development Costs Costs incurred to develop software for resale are expensed when incurred as research and development expense until technological feasibility has been established. We have determined that technological feasibility for our products is typically established when a working prototype is complete. Once technological feasibility is established, software development costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. Capitalized software development costs are amortized on a product-by-product basis. Amortization is recorded in cost of sales and is the greater of the amounts computed using: a. b. the net book value at the beginning of the period multiplied by the ratio that current gross revenues for a product bear to the total of current and anticipated future gross revenues for that product; or the straight-line method over the remaining estimated economic life of the product including the period being reported on. The amortization of capitalized software development costs begins when the related product is available for general release to customers. The amortization period is generally two years. We compare the unamortized capitalized software development costs of a product to its net realizable value at each balance sheet date. The amount by which the unamortized capitalized software development costs exceed the product's net realizable value is written off. The net realizable value is the estimated future gross revenues of a product reduced by its estimated completion and disposal costs. Any remaining amount of capitalized software development costs are considered to be the cost for subsequent accounting periods and the amount of the write-down is not subsequently restored. See Note 7 for further information concerning capitalized software development costs. Business Combinations We allocate the purchase price of acquired businesses to the tangible and intangible assets and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. We engage independent third-party appraisal firms to assist us in determining the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Such valuations require management to make significant fair value estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets and contingent consideration. Management estimates the fair value of certain intangible assets and contingent consideration by utilizing the following (but not limited to): • • future cash flow from customer contracts, customer lists, distribution agreements, acquired developed technologies, trademarks, trade names and patents; expected costs to complete development of in-process technology into commercially viable products and cash flows from the products once they are completed; • brand awareness and market position as well as assumptions regarding the period of time the brand will continue to be used in our product portfolio; and • discount rates utilized in discounted cash flow models. In those circumstances where an acquisition involves a contingent consideration arrangement, we recognize a liability equal to the fair value of the contingent payments we expect to make as of the acquisition date. We re-measure this liability at each reporting period and record changes in the fair value within operating expenses. Increases or decreases in the fair value of the contingent consideration liability can result from changes in discount periods and rates, as well as changes in the timing and amount of earnings estimates or in the timing or likelihood of achieving earnings-based milestones. Results of operations and cash flows of acquired businesses are included in our operating results from the date of acquisition. See Note 22 for further information concerning business combinations. 58 59 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 69 69 4/12/17 2:38 PM Derivatives Our foreign currency exposures are primarily concentrated in the Argentinian Peso, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, Hong Kong Dollar, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen and Mexican Peso. We periodically enter into foreign currency exchange contracts with terms normally lasting less than nine months to protect against the adverse effects that exchange-rate fluctuations may have on our foreign currency-denominated receivables, payables, cash flows and reported income. We do not enter into financial instruments for speculation or trading purposes. The derivatives we enter into have not qualified for hedge accounting. The gains and losses on both the derivatives and the foreign currency-denominated balances are recorded as foreign exchange transaction gains or losses and are classified in other income (expense), net. Derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The estimated fair value of derivative financial instruments represents the amount required to enter into similar offsetting contracts with similar remaining maturities based on quoted market prices. See Note 20 for further information concerning derivatives. Fair-Value Measurements We measure fair value using the framework established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") for fair value measurements and disclosures. This framework requires fair value to be determined based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The valuation techniques are based upon observable and unobservable inputs. Observable or market inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable inputs require management to make certain assumptions and judgments based on the best information available. Observable inputs are the preferred data source. These two types of inputs result in the following fair value hierarchy: Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets. position or results of operations. Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3: Prices or valuations that require management inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers", which will supersede most existing U.S. GAAP revenue recognition guidance. This new standard requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, ASU 2014-09 contains expanded disclosure requirements relating to the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. ASU 2014-09 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and permits the use of either the full retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. On July 9, 2015, the FASB postponed the effective date of the new revenue standard by one year; however, early adoption is permitted as of the original effective date. We do not expect to early adopt ASU 2014-09. We are currently reviewing contract terms and assessing the impact of adopting this standard on our 70 60 61 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 70 4/12/17 2:38 PM consolidated financial statements. While we are still in the process of conducting this analysis, the impact of this new guidance may accelerate revenue recognition for certain of our contractual arrangements, and the impact could be material. We expect to complete our assessment over the next six to nine months during which time we will also select a transition method. In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-05, "Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement," which amends Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 350, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other". The amendments provide guidance as to whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, and based on that determination, how to account for such arrangements. ASU 2015-05 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and permits the use of either the prospective or retrospective transition method. The adoption of ASU 2015-05 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, "Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory", which states that inventory should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is defined as estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. ASU 2015-11 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and must be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We do not anticipate that the adoption of ASU 2015-11 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, "Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-period Adjustments." This new guidance requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize adjustments to the provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. In addition, the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization and other items as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been complete as of the acquisition date, must be recorded in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. ASU 2015-16 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and must be applied prospectively. The adoption of ASU 2015-16 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, "Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes." This new guidance requires all deferred tax assets and liabilities, along with any related valuation allowance, be classified as non-current on the balance sheet. ASU 2015-17 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and may be adopted either prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We have not yet selected a transition method and are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2015-17 will have on our consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases", which changes the accounting for leases and requires expanded disclosures about leasing activities. This new guidance will require lessees to recognize a right of use asset and a lease liability at the commencement date for all leases with terms greater than twelve months. Accounting by lessors is largely unchanged. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and must be adopted using a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-02 will have on our consolidated financial statements. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09,"Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting", which amends ASC 718, "Compensation - Stock Compensation". ASU 2016-09 is intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, Derivatives Our foreign currency exposures are primarily concentrated in the Argentinian Peso, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, Hong Kong Dollar, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen and Mexican Peso. We periodically enter into foreign currency exchange contracts with terms normally lasting less than nine months to protect against the adverse effects that exchange-rate fluctuations may have on our foreign currency-denominated receivables, payables, cash flows and reported income. We do not enter into financial instruments for speculation or trading purposes. The derivatives we enter into have not qualified for hedge accounting. The gains and losses on both the derivatives and the foreign currency-denominated balances are recorded as foreign exchange transaction gains or losses and are classified in other income (expense), net. Derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The estimated fair value of derivative financial instruments represents the amount required to enter into similar offsetting contracts with similar remaining maturities based on quoted market prices. See Note 20 for further information concerning derivatives. Fair-Value Measurements We measure fair value using the framework established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") for fair value measurements and disclosures. This framework requires fair value to be determined based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The valuation techniques are based upon observable and unobservable inputs. Observable or market inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources. Unobservable inputs require management to make certain assumptions and judgments based on the best information available. Observable inputs are the preferred data source. These two types of inputs result in the following fair value hierarchy: Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets. Level 2: Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the Level 3: Prices or valuations that require management inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and assets or liabilities. unobservable. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers", which will supersede most existing U.S. GAAP revenue recognition guidance. This new standard requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, ASU 2014-09 contains expanded disclosure requirements relating to the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. ASU 2014-09 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and permits the use of either the full retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. On July 9, 2015, the FASB postponed the effective date of the new revenue standard by one year; however, early adoption is permitted as of the original effective date. We do not expect to early adopt ASU 2014-09. We are currently reviewing contract terms and assessing the impact of adopting this standard on our consolidated financial statements. While we are still in the process of conducting this analysis, the impact of this new guidance may accelerate revenue recognition for certain of our contractual arrangements, and the impact could be material. We expect to complete our assessment over the next six to nine months during which time we will also select a transition method. In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-05, "Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement," which amends Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 350, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other". The amendments provide guidance as to whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, and based on that determination, how to account for such arrangements. ASU 2015-05 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and permits the use of either the prospective or retrospective transition method. The adoption of ASU 2015-05 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, "Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory", which states that inventory should be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is defined as estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. ASU 2015-11 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and must be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We do not anticipate that the adoption of ASU 2015-11 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-16, "Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-period Adjustments." This new guidance requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize adjustments to the provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period in the period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. In addition, the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization and other items as a result of the change to the provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been complete as of the acquisition date, must be recorded in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. ASU 2015-16 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2015 and must be applied prospectively. The adoption of ASU 2015-16 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, "Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes." This new guidance requires all deferred tax assets and liabilities, along with any related valuation allowance, be classified as non-current on the balance sheet. ASU 2015-17 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and may be adopted either prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We have not yet selected a transition method and are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2015-17 will have on our consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases", which changes the accounting for leases and requires expanded disclosures about leasing activities. This new guidance will require lessees to recognize a right of use asset and a lease liability at the commencement date for all leases with terms greater than twelve months. Accounting by lessors is largely unchanged. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and must be adopted using a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-02 will have on our consolidated financial statements. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09,"Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting", which amends ASC 718, "Compensation - Stock Compensation". ASU 2016-09 is intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, 60 61 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 71 71 4/12/17 2:38 PM and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, "Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments", which amends ASC 230, "Statement of Cash Flows". This new guidance addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and must be adopted retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted as long as all amendments are adopted in the same period. We are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-15 will have on our consolidated financial statements. In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, "Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory", which changes the accounting for income taxes consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. Current guidance prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. Under this new guidance, the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory will be recognized when the transfer occurs. ASU 2016-16 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-16 could be material depending on the size of any intra-entity transfers we may implement in future periods. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18,"Restricted Cash", which amends ASC 230, "Statement of Cash Flows". This new guidance addresses the classifications and presentation of changes in restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and must be adopted retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2016-18 will modify our current disclosures by reclassifying certain amounts within the consolidated statement of cash flows, but is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, "Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment". This guidance simplifies how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss will be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. ASU 2017-04 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 31, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Note 3 — Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents were held in the following geographic regions: December 31, 2016 2015 $ 3,277 $ 22,142 5,260 19,630 302 8,458 28,681 5,346 8,093 2,388 52,966 People's Republic of China ("PRC") Asia (excluding the PRC) (In thousands) United States Europe South America Restricted Cash Total cash and cash equivalents $ 50,611 $ In connection with the court order issued on September 4, 2015, we placed $4.6 million of cash into a collateralized surety bond. This bond has certain restrictions for liquidation and has therefore been classified as restricted cash. Refer to Note 13 for further information about this ongoing litigation. In connection with the pending sale of our Guangzhou factory in the PRC (Note 13), the buyer made a cash deposit of RMB 32 million ($4.6 million based on December 31, 2016 exchange rates) into an escrow account on September 29, 2016. Under the terms of the escrow account, these funds will not be released to us until the close of the sale. Accordingly, this deposit is presented as long-term restricted cash within our consolidated balance sheet. Note 4 — Accounts Receivable, Net and Revenue Concentrations Accounts receivable, net were as follows: (In thousands) Trade receivables, gross Allowance for doubtful accounts Allowance for sales returns Net trade receivables Other Accounts receivable, net December 31, 2016 2015 $ 120,965 $ 119,090 (904 ) (539 ) 119,522 5,070 $ 124,592 $ (822 ) (507 ) 117,761 4,040 121,801 72 62 63 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 72 4/12/17 2:38 PM financial statements. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, "Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments", which amends ASC 230, "Statement of Cash Flows". This new guidance addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and must be adopted retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted as long as all amendments are adopted in the same period. We are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-15 will have on our consolidated financial statements. accounting for income taxes consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. Current guidance prohibits the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity asset transfer until the asset has been sold to an outside party. Under this new guidance, the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory will be recognized when the transfer occurs. ASU 2016-16 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. The impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-16 could be material depending on the size of any intra-entity transfers we may implement in future periods. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18,"Restricted Cash", which amends ASC 230, "Statement of Cash Flows". This new guidance addresses the classifications and presentation of changes in restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and must be adopted retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2016-18 will modify our current disclosures by reclassifying certain amounts within the consolidated statement of cash flows, but is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, "Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment". This guidance simplifies how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss will be recognized in an amount equal to that excess, limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. ASU 2017-04 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 31, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2016-09 will have on our consolidated Note 3 — Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents were held in the following geographic regions: (In thousands) United States People's Republic of China ("PRC") In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, "Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory", which changes the Asia (excluding the PRC) Europe South America Total cash and cash equivalents Restricted Cash December 31, 2016 2015 3,277 $ 22,142 5,260 19,630 302 50,611 $ 8,458 28,681 5,346 8,093 2,388 52,966 $ $ In connection with the court order issued on September 4, 2015, we placed $4.6 million of cash into a collateralized surety bond. This bond has certain restrictions for liquidation and has therefore been classified as restricted cash. Refer to Note 13 for further information about this ongoing litigation. In connection with the pending sale of our Guangzhou factory in the PRC (Note 13), the buyer made a cash deposit of RMB 32 million ($4.6 million based on December 31, 2016 exchange rates) into an escrow account on September 29, 2016. Under the terms of the escrow account, these funds will not be released to us until the close of the sale. Accordingly, this deposit is presented as long-term restricted cash within our consolidated balance sheet. Note 4 — Accounts Receivable, Net and Revenue Concentrations Accounts receivable, net were as follows: (In thousands) Trade receivables, gross Allowance for doubtful accounts Allowance for sales returns Net trade receivables Other Accounts receivable, net December 31, 2016 2015 120,965 $ (904 ) (539 ) 119,522 5,070 124,592 $ 119,090 (822 ) (507 ) 117,761 4,040 121,801 $ $ 62 63 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 73 73 4/12/17 2:38 PM Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts were as follows: Note 5 — Inventories, Net and Significant Suppliers Inventories, net were as follows: (In thousands) Balance at beginning of period Additions to costs and expenses (Write-offs)/Foreign exchange effects Balance at end of period Sales Returns Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 822 $ 183 (101 ) 904 $ 616 $ 299 (93 ) 822 $ 478 249 (111 ) 616 The allowance for sales returns at December 31, 2016 and 2015 included reserves for items returned prior to year-end that were not completely processed, and therefore had not yet been removed from the allowance for sales returns balance. If these returns had been fully processed, the allowance for sales returns balance would have been approximately $0.4 million and $0.3 million on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The value of these returned goods was included in our inventory balance at December 31, 2016 and 2015. Significant Customers Net sales to the following customers totaled more than 10% of our net sales: 2016 2015 2014 Year Ended December 31, Comcast Corporation DIRECTV $ (thousands) $ 149,476 68,110 % of Net Sales 22.9 % 10.5 $ (thousands) $ 129,475 74,857 % of Net Sales $ (thousands) % of Net Sales 21.5 % $ 12.4 — (1) 58,622 — % (1) 10.4 (1) Net sales to this customer did not total more than 10% of our total net sales in this period. Trade receivables associated with Comcast Corporation accounted for $23.7 million, or 19.0% of our accounts receivable, net at December 31, 2016. Trade receivables associated with DIRECTV accounted for $12.9 million, or 10.3% of our accounts receivable, net at December 31, 2016. Trade receivables associated with Comcast Corporation accounted for $29.4 million, or 24.1% of our accounts receivable, net at December 31, 2015. (In thousands) Raw materials Components Work in process Finished goods Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory Inventories, net Reserve for Excess and Obsolete Inventory (In thousands) Balance at beginning of period Additions charged to costs and expenses (1) Sell through (2) Write-offs/Foreign exchange effects Balance at end of period Changes in the reserve for excess and obsolete inventory were as follows: December 31, 2016 2015 $ 33,059 $ 15,046 5,860 80,119 (4,205 ) $ 129,879 $ 29,290 12,228 5,671 78,222 (3,045 ) 122,366 Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 3,045 $ 3,464 (1,116 ) (1,188 ) 4,205 $ 2,539 $ 3,070 (1,108 ) (1,456 ) 3,045 $ 2,714 3,181 (869 ) (2,487 ) 2,539 $ $ (1) The additions charged to costs and expenses do not include inventory directly written-off that was scrapped during production totaling $0.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. These amounts are production waste and are not included in management’s reserve for excess and (2) These amounts represent the reversal of reserves associated with inventory items that were sold during the period. obsolete inventory. Significant Suppliers We purchase integrated circuits, components and finished goods from multiple sources. Texas Instruments provided $42.4 million or 11.7% of total inventory purchases during the year ended December 31, 2016. Maxim Integrated Products International Limited provided $31.2 million or 10.7% of total inventory purchases during the year ended December 31, 2014. No single supplier provided more than 10% of our total inventory purchases during the years ended December 31, 2015. 74 64 65 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 74 4/12/17 2:38 PM Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts were as follows: Note 5 — Inventories, Net and Significant Suppliers Inventories, net were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 822 $ 183 (101 ) 904 $ 616 $ 299 (93 ) 822 $ 478 249 (111 ) 616 (In thousands) Balance at beginning of period Additions to costs and expenses (Write-offs)/Foreign exchange effects Balance at end of period Sales Returns December 31, 2016 and 2015. Significant Customers The allowance for sales returns at December 31, 2016 and 2015 included reserves for items returned prior to year-end that were not completely processed, and therefore had not yet been removed from the allowance for sales returns balance. If these returns had been fully processed, the allowance for sales returns balance would have been approximately $0.4 million and $0.3 million on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The value of these returned goods was included in our inventory balance at Net sales to the following customers totaled more than 10% of our net sales: 2016 2015 2014 Year Ended December 31, Comcast Corporation DIRECTV $ (thousands) $ 149,476 68,110 % of Net Sales 22.9 % 10.5 $ (thousands) $ 129,475 74,857 % of Net Sales $ (thousands) % of Net Sales 21.5 % $ 12.4 — (1) 58,622 — % (1) 10.4 (1) Net sales to this customer did not total more than 10% of our total net sales in this period. Trade receivables associated with Comcast Corporation accounted for $23.7 million, or 19.0% of our accounts receivable, net at December 31, 2016. Trade receivables associated with DIRECTV accounted for $12.9 million, or 10.3% of our accounts receivable, net at December 31, 2016. Trade receivables associated with Comcast Corporation accounted for $29.4 million, or 24.1% of our accounts receivable, net at December 31, 2015. (In thousands) Raw materials Components Work in process Finished goods Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory Inventories, net Reserve for Excess and Obsolete Inventory December 31, 2016 2015 33,059 $ 15,046 5,860 80,119 (4,205 ) 129,879 $ 29,290 12,228 5,671 78,222 (3,045 ) 122,366 $ $ Changes in the reserve for excess and obsolete inventory were as follows: (In thousands) Balance at beginning of period Additions charged to costs and expenses (1) Sell through (2) Write-offs/Foreign exchange effects Balance at end of period Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 3,045 $ 3,464 (1,116 ) (1,188 ) 4,205 $ 2,539 $ 3,070 (1,108 ) (1,456 ) 3,045 $ 2,714 3,181 (869 ) (2,487 ) 2,539 $ $ (1) The additions charged to costs and expenses do not include inventory directly written-off that was scrapped during production totaling $0.3 million, $0.3 million, and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. These amounts are production waste and are not included in management’s reserve for excess and obsolete inventory. (2) These amounts represent the reversal of reserves associated with inventory items that were sold during the period. Significant Suppliers We purchase integrated circuits, components and finished goods from multiple sources. Texas Instruments provided $42.4 million or 11.7% of total inventory purchases during the year ended December 31, 2016. Maxim Integrated Products International Limited provided $31.2 million or 10.7% of total inventory purchases during the year ended December 31, 2014. No single supplier provided more than 10% of our total inventory purchases during the years ended December 31, 2015. 64 65 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 75 75 4/12/17 2:38 PM Related Party Supplier We purchase certain printed circuit board assemblies from a related party supplier. The supplier is considered a related party for financial reporting purposes because our Senior Vice President of Strategic Operations owns 40% of this supplier. Inventory purchases from this supplier were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ (thousands) % of Total Inventory Purchases $ (thousands) % of Total Inventory Purchases $ (thousands) % of Total Inventory Purchases Related party supplier $ 6,350 1.8 % $ 8,550 2.5 % $ 9,188 3.2 % Total accounts payable to this supplier were as follows: Related party supplier December 31, 2016 2015 $ (thousands) $ 1,690 % of Accounts Payable $ (thousands) % of Accounts Payable 1.7 % $ 2,361 2.5 % Our payable terms and pricing with this supplier are consistent with the terms offered by other suppliers in the ordinary course of business. The accounting policies that we apply to our transactions with our related party supplier are consistent with those applied in transactions with independent third parties. Corporate management routinely monitors purchases from our related party supplier to ensure these purchases remain consistent with our business objectives. Depreciation expense, including tooling depreciation which is recorded in cost of goods sold, was $20.7 million, $15.6 million and $14.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. The net book value of property, plant, and equipment located within the PRC was $90.0 million and $79.4 million on Construction in progress Total property, plant, and equipment, net $ 105,351 $ Note 6 — Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net Property, plant, and equipment, net were as follows: Leasehold and building improvements Machinery and equipment (In thousands) Buildings Tooling Software Furniture and fixtures Computer equipment Accumulated depreciation December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Construction in progress was as follows: Machinery and equipment Leasehold and building improvements (In thousands) Buildings Tooling Software Other December 31, 2016 2015 $ 48,367 $ 67,726 31,773 22,680 11,581 3,794 5,120 191,041 (101,768 ) 89,273 16,078 50,044 60,078 26,231 19,926 11,067 4,005 4,557 175,908 (96,365 ) 79,543 10,472 90,015 December 31, 2016 2015 $ 118 $ 4,625 2,219 1,335 7,674 107 105 6,620 1,265 244 1,888 350 Total construction in progress $ 16,078 $ 10,472 We expect that most of the assets under construction will be placed into service during the first six months of 2017. We will begin to depreciate the cost of these assets under construction once they are placed into service. 76 66 67 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 76 4/12/17 2:38 PM Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ (thousands) $ (thousands) $ (thousands) % of Total Inventory Purchases % of Total Inventory Purchases % of Total Inventory Purchases Related party supplier $ 6,350 1.8 % $ 8,550 2.5 % $ 9,188 3.2 % Total accounts payable to this supplier were as follows: Related party supplier December 31, 2016 2015 $ (thousands) $ 1,690 % of Accounts Payable $ (thousands) % of Accounts Payable 1.7 % $ 2,361 2.5 % Our payable terms and pricing with this supplier are consistent with the terms offered by other suppliers in the ordinary course of business. The accounting policies that we apply to our transactions with our related party supplier are consistent with those applied in transactions with independent third parties. Corporate management routinely monitors purchases from our related party supplier to ensure these purchases remain consistent with our business objectives. Related Party Supplier purchases from this supplier were as follows: We purchase certain printed circuit board assemblies from a related party supplier. The supplier is considered a related party for Note 6 — Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net financial reporting purposes because our Senior Vice President of Strategic Operations owns 40% of this supplier. Inventory Property, plant, and equipment, net were as follows: (In thousands) Buildings Machinery and equipment Tooling Leasehold and building improvements Software Furniture and fixtures Computer equipment Accumulated depreciation Construction in progress Total property, plant, and equipment, net December 31, 2016 2015 $ $ 48,367 $ 67,726 31,773 22,680 11,581 3,794 5,120 191,041 (101,768 ) 89,273 16,078 105,351 $ 50,044 60,078 26,231 19,926 11,067 4,005 4,557 175,908 (96,365 ) 79,543 10,472 90,015 Depreciation expense, including tooling depreciation which is recorded in cost of goods sold, was $20.7 million, $15.6 million and $14.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. The net book value of property, plant, and equipment located within the PRC was $90.0 million and $79.4 million on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Construction in progress was as follows: (In thousands) Buildings Machinery and equipment Tooling Leasehold and building improvements Software Other Total construction in progress December 31, 2016 2015 $ $ 118 $ 4,625 2,219 1,335 7,674 107 16,078 $ 105 6,620 1,265 244 1,888 350 10,472 We expect that most of the assets under construction will be placed into service during the first six months of 2017. We will begin to depreciate the cost of these assets under construction once they are placed into service. 66 67 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 77 77 4/12/17 2:38 PM Note 7 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net Goodwill Goodwill and changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows: (In thousands) Balance at December 31, 2014 Goodwill acquired during the period (1) Foreign exchange effects Balance at December 31, 2015 Foreign exchange effects Balance at December 31, 2016 $ $ 30,739 12,564 (187 ) 43,116 (64 ) 43,052 (1) During 2015, we recognized $12.6 million of goodwill related to the Ecolink Intelligent Technology, Inc. acquisition. Please refer to Note 22 for further information about this acquisition. We conducted annual goodwill impairment reviews on December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 utilizing significant unobservable inputs (level 3). Based on the analysis performed, we determined that our goodwill was not impaired. Intangible Assets, Net The components of intangible assets, net were as follows: December 31, 2016 2015 (In thousands) Gross (1) Accumulated Amortization (1) Net (1) Gross (1) Accumulated Amortization (1) Net (1) Distribution rights (10 years) Patents (10 years) $ 302 $ 12,038 (119 ) $ (4,775 ) 183 $ 7,263 312 $ 11,425 (96 ) $ (4,737 ) 216 6,688 Trademarks and trade names (10 years) (2) Developed and core technology (5- 15 years) (2) Capitalized software development costs (2 years) Customer relationships (10-15 years) (2) Total intangible assets, net $ 2,400 (1,310 ) 1,090 2,401 (1,053 ) 1,348 12,585 (4,068 ) 8,517 12,587 (2,144 ) 10,443 142 (5 ) 137 167 (97 ) 70 27,703 55,170 $ (16,344 ) (26,621 ) $ 11,359 28,549 $ 27,715 54,607 $ (13,554 ) (21,681 ) $ 14,161 32,926 (1) This table excludes the gross value of fully amortized intangible assets totaling $10.2 million and $9.0 million on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. (2) During the third quarter of 2015, we purchased a trade name valued at $0.4 million, which is being amortized ratably over seven years; developed technology valued at $9.1 million, which is being amortized over a weighted average period of approximately five years; and customer relationships valued at $1.3 million, which are being amortized ratably over five years. Refer to Note 22 for further information regarding our purchase of these intangible assets. Amortization expense is recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses, except amortization expense related to capitalized software development costs which is recorded in cost of sales. Amortization expense by income statement caption Estimated future amortization expense related to our intangible assets at December 31, 2016, is as follows: was as follows: (In thousands) Cost of sales Selling, general and administrative Total amortization expense (In thousands) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter Total Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 76 $ 6,198 123 $ 4,719 6,274 $ 4,842 $ 153 4,009 4,162 6,415 6,390 6,312 5,222 2,932 1,278 $ $ 28,549 The remaining weighted average amortization period of our intangible assets is 4.8 years. Note 8 — Line of Credit On September 19, 2016, we extended the term of our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("Amended Credit Agreement") with U.S. Bank National Association ("U.S. Bank") to November 1, 2018. The Amended Credit Agreement provides for an $85.0 million line of credit ("Credit Line") that may be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes including acquisitions, share repurchases and capital expenditures. On January 18, 2017, we entered into the Sixth Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement in which the Credit Line was temporarily increased to $105.0 million through April 15, 2017, after which the Credit Line will revert back to $85.0 million. Amounts available for borrowing under the Credit Line are reduced by the balance of any outstanding letters of credit, of which there were $13 thousand at December 31, 2016. All obligations under the Credit Line are secured by substantially all of our U.S. personal property and tangible and intangible assets as well as 65% of our ownership interest in Enson Assets Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary which controls our manufacturing factories in the PRC. Under the Amended Credit Agreement, we may elect to pay interest on the Credit Line based on LIBOR plus an applicable margin (varying from 1.25% to 1.75%) or base rate (based on the prime rate of U.S. Bank or as otherwise specified in the Amended Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin (varying from 0.00% to 0.50% ). The applicable margins are calculated quarterly and vary based on our cash flow leverage ratio as set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. The interest rate in effect at December 31, 2016 was 1.89%. There are no commitment fees or unused line fees under the Amended Credit Agreement. 78 68 69 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 78 4/12/17 2:39 PM Note 7 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net Goodwill Goodwill and changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows: (In thousands) Balance at December 31, 2014 Goodwill acquired during the period (1) Foreign exchange effects Balance at December 31, 2015 Foreign exchange effects Balance at December 31, 2016 $ $ 30,739 12,564 (187 ) 43,116 (64 ) 43,052 (1) During 2015, we recognized $12.6 million of goodwill related to the Ecolink Intelligent Technology, Inc. acquisition. Please refer to Note 22 for further information about this acquisition. We conducted annual goodwill impairment reviews on December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 utilizing significant unobservable inputs (level 3). Based on the analysis performed, we determined that our goodwill was not impaired. Intangible Assets, Net The components of intangible assets, net were as follows: December 31, 2016 2015 Gross (1) Accumulated Amortization (1) Net (1) Gross (1) Accumulated Amortization (1) Net (1) 302 $ 12,038 (119 ) $ (4,775 ) 183 $ 7,263 312 $ 11,425 (96 ) $ (4,737 ) 216 6,688 2,400 (1,310 ) 1,090 2,401 (1,053 ) 1,348 12,585 (4,068 ) 8,517 12,587 (2,144 ) 10,443 142 (5 ) 137 167 (97 ) 70 (In thousands) Distribution rights (10 years) $ Patents (10 years) Trademarks and trade names (10 years) (2) Developed and core technology (5- 15 years) (2) Capitalized software development costs (2 years) Customer relationships (10-15 years) (2) Total intangible assets, net $ 55,170 $ (26,621 ) $ 28,549 $ 54,607 $ (21,681 ) $ 27,703 (16,344 ) 11,359 27,715 (13,554 ) 14,161 32,926 (1) This table excludes the gross value of fully amortized intangible assets totaling $10.2 million and $9.0 million on December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. (2) During the third quarter of 2015, we purchased a trade name valued at $0.4 million, which is being amortized ratably over seven years; developed technology valued at $9.1 million, which is being amortized over a weighted average period of approximately five years; and customer relationships valued at $1.3 million, which are being amortized ratably over five years. Refer to Note 22 for further information regarding our purchase of these intangible assets. Amortization expense is recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses, except amortization expense related to capitalized software development costs which is recorded in cost of sales. Amortization expense by income statement caption was as follows: (In thousands) Cost of sales Selling, general and administrative Total amortization expense Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 76 $ 6,198 6,274 $ 123 $ 4,719 4,842 $ 153 4,009 4,162 Estimated future amortization expense related to our intangible assets at December 31, 2016, is as follows: (In thousands) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter Total $ $ 6,415 6,390 6,312 5,222 2,932 1,278 28,549 The remaining weighted average amortization period of our intangible assets is 4.8 years. Note 8 — Line of Credit On September 19, 2016, we extended the term of our Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("Amended Credit Agreement") with U.S. Bank National Association ("U.S. Bank") to November 1, 2018. The Amended Credit Agreement provides for an $85.0 million line of credit ("Credit Line") that may be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes including acquisitions, share repurchases and capital expenditures. On January 18, 2017, we entered into the Sixth Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement in which the Credit Line was temporarily increased to $105.0 million through April 15, 2017, after which the Credit Line will revert back to $85.0 million. Amounts available for borrowing under the Credit Line are reduced by the balance of any outstanding letters of credit, of which there were $13 thousand at December 31, 2016. All obligations under the Credit Line are secured by substantially all of our U.S. personal property and tangible and intangible assets as well as 65% of our ownership interest in Enson Assets Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary which controls our manufacturing factories in the PRC. Under the Amended Credit Agreement, we may elect to pay interest on the Credit Line based on LIBOR plus an applicable margin (varying from 1.25% to 1.75%) or base rate (based on the prime rate of U.S. Bank or as otherwise specified in the Amended Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin (varying from 0.00% to 0.50% ). The applicable margins are calculated quarterly and vary based on our cash flow leverage ratio as set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. The interest rate in effect at December 31, 2016 was 1.89%. There are no commitment fees or unused line fees under the Amended Credit Agreement. 68 69 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 79 79 4/12/17 2:39 PM The Amended Credit Agreement includes financial covenants requiring a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and a maximum cash flow leverage ratio. In addition, the Amended Credit Agreement also contains other customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. As of December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with the covenants and conditions of the Amended Credit Agreement. At December 31, 2016, we had $50.0 million outstanding under the Credit Line. Our total interest expense on borrowings was $1.3 million, $0.3 million and $23 thousand during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Note 9 — Income Taxes Pre-tax income (loss) was attributed to the following jurisdictions: (In thousands) Domestic operations Foreign operations Total The provision for income taxes charged to operations were as follows: (In thousands) Current tax expense: U.S. federal State and local Foreign Total current Deferred tax (benefit) expense: U.S. federal State and local Foreign Total deferred Total provision for income taxes Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 165 $ 25,023 25,188 $ (6,857 ) $ 42,832 35,975 $ (2,793 ) 43,244 40,451 Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 1,748 $ 374 4,150 6,272 (1,416 ) (356 ) 304 (1,468 ) 4,804 $ 2,726 $ 189 9,028 11,943 (4,588 ) (87 ) (466 ) (5,141 ) 6,802 $ 47 49 8,127 8,223 (687 ) 74 307 (306 ) 7,917 $ $ $ $ 80 70 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 80 4/12/17 2:39 PM Net deferred tax assets were comprised of the following: (In thousands) Deferred tax assets: Inventory reserves Capitalized research costs Capitalized inventory costs Net operating losses Acquired intangible assets Accrued liabilities Income tax credits Stock-based compensation Total deferred tax assets Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation Allowance for doubtful accounts Amortization of intangible assets Other Total deferred tax liabilities December 31, 2016 2015 $ 1,396 $ 1,228 44 704 485 136 4,739 12,509 3,376 23,389 (2,924 ) (241 ) (780 ) (1,479 ) (5,424 ) 17,965 (8,635 ) 52 926 582 148 5,194 11,251 2,064 21,445 (2,639 ) (223 ) (1,274 ) (2,752 ) (6,888 ) 14,557 (6,678 ) 7,879 (580 ) (7,150 ) 1,093 (842 ) 688 661 — 294 Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance Less: Valuation allowance Net deferred tax assets $ 9,330 $ The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income from operations as a result of the following: (In thousands) Tax provision at statutory U.S. rate Increase (decrease) in tax provision resulting from: State and local taxes, net Foreign tax rate differential Nondeductible items Federal research and development credits Change in deductibility of social insurance Valuation allowance Foreign permanent benefit Other Tax provision Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 8,554 $ 12,232 $ 13,753 (553 ) (3,244 ) 839 (710 ) 8 1,598 (2,110 ) 422 (554 ) (5,762 ) 874 (678 ) 649 621 (675 ) 95 $ 4,804 $ 6,802 $ 7,917 71 The Amended Credit Agreement includes financial covenants requiring a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and a maximum Net deferred tax assets were comprised of the following: cash flow leverage ratio. In addition, the Amended Credit Agreement also contains other customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. As of December 31, 2016, we were in compliance with the covenants and conditions of the Amended Credit Agreement. At December 31, 2016, we had $50.0 million outstanding under the Credit Line. Our total interest expense on borrowings was $1.3 million, $0.3 million and $23 thousand during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Note 9 — Income Taxes Pre-tax income (loss) was attributed to the following jurisdictions: The provision for income taxes charged to operations were as follows: (In thousands) Domestic operations Foreign operations Total (In thousands) Current tax expense: U.S. federal State and local Foreign Total current U.S. federal State and local Foreign Total deferred Deferred tax (benefit) expense: Total provision for income taxes $ Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 165 $ 25,023 25,188 $ (6,857 ) $ 42,832 35,975 $ (2,793 ) 43,244 40,451 Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 1,748 $ 2,726 $ 374 4,150 6,272 (1,416 ) (356 ) 304 (1,468 ) 4,804 $ 189 9,028 11,943 (4,588 ) (87 ) (466 ) (5,141 ) 6,802 $ 47 49 8,127 8,223 (687 ) 74 307 (306 ) 7,917 70 (In thousands) Deferred tax assets: Inventory reserves Capitalized research costs Capitalized inventory costs Net operating losses Acquired intangible assets Accrued liabilities Income tax credits Stock-based compensation Total deferred tax assets Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation Allowance for doubtful accounts Amortization of intangible assets Other Total deferred tax liabilities Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance Less: Valuation allowance Net deferred tax assets December 31, 2016 2015 1,396 $ 44 704 485 136 4,739 12,509 3,376 23,389 (2,924 ) (241 ) (780 ) (1,479 ) (5,424 ) 17,965 (8,635 ) 9,330 $ 1,228 52 926 582 148 5,194 11,251 2,064 21,445 (2,639 ) (223 ) (1,274 ) (2,752 ) (6,888 ) 14,557 (6,678 ) 7,879 $ $ The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. statutory federal income tax rate to pre-tax income from operations as a result of the following: (In thousands) Tax provision at statutory U.S. rate Increase (decrease) in tax provision resulting from: State and local taxes, net Foreign tax rate differential Nondeductible items Federal research and development credits Change in deductibility of social insurance Valuation allowance Foreign permanent benefit Other Tax provision Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 8,554 $ 12,232 $ 13,753 (553 ) (3,244 ) 839 (710 ) 8 1,598 (2,110 ) 422 4,804 $ (554 ) (5,762 ) 874 (678 ) 649 621 (675 ) 95 6,802 $ (580 ) (7,150 ) 1,093 (842 ) 688 661 — 294 7,917 $ 71 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 81 81 4/12/17 2:39 PM At December 31, 2016, we had foreign tax credit carryforwards of approximately $1.7 million, and federal and state Research and Experimentation ("R&E") income tax credit carryforwards of approximately $3.0 million and $7.6 million, respectively. The foreign tax credits begin to expire in 2024. The federal R&E credits begin to expire in 2032. The state R&E income tax credits do not have an expiration date. At December 31, 2016, we had federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $0.6 million, $2.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively. Included in our U.S. net operating loss deferred tax assets above is $3.5 million of unrealized gross deferred tax assets attributable to excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation that will impact stockholders' equity if and when such excess benefits are ultimately realized. The federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire during 2024, 2018 and 2021, respectively. Internal Revenue Code Section 382 places certain limitations on the annual amount of net operating loss carryforwards that may be utilized if certain changes to a company’s ownership occur. The annual federal limitation is approximately $0.6 million for 2016 and thereafter. At December 31, 2016, we assessed the realizability of our deferred tax assets by considering whether it is "more likely than not" some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. We considered taxable income in carry-back years, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. Due to uncertainties surrounding the realization of some of the Company’s deferred tax assets, we established a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets. This valuation allowance primarily relates to state R&E income tax credits generated during prior years and the current year. Additionally, we recorded $1.0 million of valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2016 primarily against certain deferred tax assets associated with our Guangzhou factory as a result of the pending sale of this factory and related transition of manufacturing activities (see Note 13 for further details). If and when recognized, the tax benefits relating to any reversal of valuation allowance will be recorded as a reduction of income tax expense. The total valuation allowance increased by $2.0 million and $1.0 million during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, we recognized an increase to paid-in capital and a decrease to income taxes payable of $2.0 million and $3.1 million related to the tax benefit from the exercise of non-qualified stock options and vesting of restricted stock under our stock-based incentive plans. The undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. federal and state income taxes or foreign withholding taxes has been provided on such undistributed earnings. Determination of the potential amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. income tax liability and foreign withholding taxes is not practicable because of the complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation; however, unrecognized foreign tax credits would be available to reduce some portion of the U.S. liability. During 2012, China's State Administration of Taxation issued Circular 15 which required us to reevaluate our foreign deferred tax assets relating to our Chinese subsidiaries. These subsidiaries have recorded a deferred tax asset for social insurance and housing funds with the intent of being able to deduct these expenses once such liabilities have been settled. Circular 15 stipulates that payments into the aforementioned funds must be made within five years of recording the initial accrual or the tax deduction for these expenses will be forfeited. At December 31, 2016, we evaluated fund payments made prior to the preceding five years and determined that none of our foreign deferred tax assets related to social insurance and housing would provide a future tax benefit due to the change in Chinese law. In adhering to the new law, we recorded increases to income tax expense of $0.6 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, relating to decreases in the deferred tax assets of our Chinese subsidiaries. Uncertain Tax Positions At December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $3.9 million and $3.7 million, including interest and penalties, respectively. We classify interest and penalties as components of tax expense. Interest and penalties were $0.3 million, $0.2 million, and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Interest and penalties are included in the unrecognized tax benefits. Changes to our gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows: Additions as a result of tax provisions taken during the current year Subtractions as a result of tax provisions taken during the prior year (In thousands) Balance at beginning of period Foreign currency translation Lapse in statute of limitations Settlements Other Balance at end of period Year ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 3,469 $ 3,486 $ 305 — (93 ) (67 ) — 8 463 (161 ) (79 ) (241 ) — 1 3,490 213 (150 ) (8 ) (59 ) — — $ 3,622 $ 3,469 $ 3,486 Approximately $3.6 million, $3.3 million and $3.2 million of the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, if not for the state Research and Experimentation income tax credit valuation allowance, would affect the annual effective tax rate, if recognized. We are unaware of any positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change within the next twelve months. We anticipate a decrease in gross unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $0.1 million within the next twelve months based on federal, state, and foreign statute expirations in various jurisdictions. We have classified uncertain tax positions as non-current income tax liabilities unless expected to be paid within one year. We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. At December 31, 2016, the open statutes of limitations for our significant tax jurisdictions are the following: federal are 2013 through 2015, state are 2012 through 2015 and foreign are 2010 through 2015. 82 72 73 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 82 4/12/17 2:39 PM At December 31, 2016, we had foreign tax credit carryforwards of approximately $1.7 million, and federal and state Research and Experimentation ("R&E") income tax credit carryforwards of approximately $3.0 million and $7.6 million, respectively. The foreign tax credits begin to expire in 2024. The federal R&E credits begin to expire in 2032. The state R&E income tax $0.6 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, relating to decreases in the deferred tax assets of our Chinese subsidiaries. credits do not have an expiration date. Uncertain Tax Positions At December 31, 2016, we had federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $0.6 million, $2.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively. Included in our U.S. net operating loss deferred tax assets above is $3.5 million of unrealized gross deferred tax assets attributable to excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation that will impact stockholders' equity if and when such excess benefits are ultimately realized. The federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire during 2024, 2018 and 2021, respectively. Internal Revenue Code Section 382 places certain limitations on the annual amount of net operating loss carryforwards that may be utilized if certain changes to a company’s ownership occur. The annual federal limitation is approximately $0.6 million for 2016 and thereafter. At December 31, 2016, we assessed the realizability of our deferred tax assets by considering whether it is "more likely than not" some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. We considered taxable income in carry-back years, the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning strategies and projected future taxable income in making this assessment. Due to uncertainties surrounding the realization of some of the Company’s deferred tax assets, we established a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets. This valuation allowance primarily relates to state R&E income tax credits generated during prior years and the current year. Additionally, we recorded $1.0 million of valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2016 primarily against certain deferred tax assets associated with our Guangzhou factory as a result of the pending sale of this factory and related transition of manufacturing activities (see Note 13 for further details). If and when recognized, the tax benefits relating to any reversal of valuation allowance will be recorded as a reduction of income tax expense. The total valuation allowance increased by $2.0 million and $1.0 million during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, we recognized an increase to paid-in capital and a decrease to income taxes payable of $2.0 million and $3.1 million related to the tax benefit from the exercise of non-qualified stock options and vesting of restricted stock under our stock-based incentive plans. The undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. federal and state income taxes or foreign withholding taxes has been provided on such undistributed earnings. Determination of the potential amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. income tax liability and foreign withholding taxes is not practicable because of the complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation; however, unrecognized foreign tax credits would be available to reduce some portion of the U.S. liability. During 2012, China's State Administration of Taxation issued Circular 15 which required us to reevaluate our foreign deferred tax assets relating to our Chinese subsidiaries. These subsidiaries have recorded a deferred tax asset for social insurance and housing funds with the intent of being able to deduct these expenses once such liabilities have been settled. Circular 15 stipulates that payments into the aforementioned funds must be made within five years of recording the initial accrual or the tax deduction for these expenses will be forfeited. At December 31, 2016, we evaluated fund payments made prior to the preceding five years and determined that none of our foreign deferred tax assets related to social insurance and housing would provide a future tax benefit due to the change in Chinese law. In adhering to the new law, we recorded increases to income tax expense of At December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $3.9 million and $3.7 million, including interest and penalties, respectively. We classify interest and penalties as components of tax expense. Interest and penalties were $0.3 million, $0.2 million, and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Interest and penalties are included in the unrecognized tax benefits. Changes to our gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows: (In thousands) Balance at beginning of period Additions as a result of tax provisions taken during the current year Subtractions as a result of tax provisions taken during the prior year Foreign currency translation Lapse in statute of limitations Settlements Other Balance at end of period Year ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 3,469 $ 305 — (93 ) (67 ) — 8 3,622 $ 3,486 $ 463 (161 ) (79 ) (241 ) — 1 3,469 $ 3,490 213 (150 ) (8 ) (59 ) — — 3,486 $ $ Approximately $3.6 million, $3.3 million and $3.2 million of the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, if not for the state Research and Experimentation income tax credit valuation allowance, would affect the annual effective tax rate, if recognized. We are unaware of any positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change within the next twelve months. We anticipate a decrease in gross unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $0.1 million within the next twelve months based on federal, state, and foreign statute expirations in various jurisdictions. We have classified uncertain tax positions as non-current income tax liabilities unless expected to be paid within one year. We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. At December 31, 2016, the open statutes of limitations for our significant tax jurisdictions are the following: federal are 2013 through 2015, state are 2012 through 2015 and foreign are 2010 through 2015. 72 73 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 83 83 4/12/17 2:39 PM Note 10 — Accrued Compensation The components of accrued compensation were as follows: Note 11 — Other Accrued Expenses The components of other accrued expenses were as follows: (In thousands) Accrued social insurance(1) Accrued salary/wages Accrued vacation/holiday Accrued bonus(2) Accrued commission Accrued medical insurance claims Other accrued compensation Total accrued compensation December 31, 2016 2015 19,974 $ 7,903 2,411 2,421 933 122 1,816 35,580 $ 18,923 7,549 2,227 5,914 1,084 218 1,537 37,452 $ $ (1) Effective January 1, 2008, the Chinese Labor Contract Law was enacted in the PRC. This law mandated that PRC employers remit the applicable social insurance payments to their local government. Social insurance is comprised of various components such as pension, medical insurance, job injury insurance, unemployment insurance, and a housing assistance fund, and is administered in a manner similar to social security in the United States. This amount represents our estimate of the amounts due to the PRC government for social insurance on December 31, 2016 and 2015. (2) Accrued bonus includes an accrual for an extra month of salary ("13th month salary") to be paid to employees in certain geographies where it is the customary business practice. This 13th month salary is paid to these employees if they remain employed with us through December 31st. The total accrued for the 13th month salary was $0.7 million and $0.7 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. December 31, 2016 2015 $ 213 $ 1,431 1,127 1,919 454 134 1,313 1,017 2,715 853 1,520 1,623 6,622 331 3,138 191 1,434 1,318 1,942 630 35 1,714 551 3,170 585 1,173 1,164 4,629 278 2,652 (In thousands) Advertising and marketing Deferred revenue Duties Freight and handling fees Product development Product warranty claim costs Professional fees Property, plant and equipment Sales taxes and VAT Third-party commissions Tooling (1) Related Party Vendor December 31, 2016. Note 12 — Leases through November 30, 2060. 2015 and 2014, respectively. Unrealized loss on foreign currency exchange contracts URC court order and settlement agreement (Notes 3 and 13) Utilities Other Total other accrued expenses $ 24,410 $ 21,466 (1) The tooling accrual balance relates to unearned revenue for tooling that will be sold to customers. We have obtained certain engineering support services for our India subsidiary from JAP Techno Solutions ("JAP"). The owner of JAP is the spouse of the managing director of our India operations. Total fees paid to JAP for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were $77 thousand and $39 thousand, respectively. No amounts were paid to this vendor during the year ended We lease land, office and warehouse space, and certain office equipment under operating leases that expire at various dates Rent expense for our operating leases was $4.0 million, $3.6 million and $3.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 84 74 75 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 84 4/12/17 2:39 PM Note 10 — Accrued Compensation The components of accrued compensation were as follows: Note 11 — Other Accrued Expenses The components of other accrued expenses were as follows: (In thousands) Accrued social insurance(1) Accrued salary/wages Accrued vacation/holiday Accrued bonus(2) Accrued commission Accrued medical insurance claims Other accrued compensation Total accrued compensation December 31, 2016 2015 $ 19,974 $ 18,923 7,903 2,411 2,421 933 122 1,816 7,549 2,227 5,914 1,084 218 1,537 $ 35,580 $ 37,452 (1) Effective January 1, 2008, the Chinese Labor Contract Law was enacted in the PRC. This law mandated that PRC employers remit the applicable social insurance payments to their local government. Social insurance is comprised of various components such as pension, medical insurance, job injury insurance, unemployment insurance, and a housing assistance fund, and is administered in a manner similar to social security in the United States. This amount represents our estimate of the amounts due to the PRC government for social insurance on December 31, 2016 and 2015. (2) Accrued bonus includes an accrual for an extra month of salary ("13th month salary") to be paid to employees in certain geographies where it is the customary business practice. This 13th month salary is paid to these employees if they remain employed with us through December 31st. The total accrued for the 13th month salary was $0.7 million and $0.7 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. (In thousands) Advertising and marketing Deferred revenue Duties Freight and handling fees Product development Product warranty claim costs Professional fees Property, plant and equipment Sales taxes and VAT Third-party commissions Tooling (1) Unrealized loss on foreign currency exchange contracts URC court order and settlement agreement (Notes 3 and 13) Utilities Other Total other accrued expenses December 31, 2016 2015 213 $ 1,431 1,127 1,919 454 134 1,313 1,017 2,715 853 1,520 1,623 6,622 331 3,138 24,410 $ 191 1,434 1,318 1,942 630 35 1,714 551 3,170 585 1,173 1,164 4,629 278 2,652 21,466 $ $ (1) The tooling accrual balance relates to unearned revenue for tooling that will be sold to customers. Related Party Vendor We have obtained certain engineering support services for our India subsidiary from JAP Techno Solutions ("JAP"). The owner of JAP is the spouse of the managing director of our India operations. Total fees paid to JAP for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were $77 thousand and $39 thousand, respectively. No amounts were paid to this vendor during the year ended December 31, 2016. Note 12 — Leases We lease land, office and warehouse space, and certain office equipment under operating leases that expire at various dates through November 30, 2060. Rent expense for our operating leases was $4.0 million, $3.6 million and $3.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 74 75 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 85 85 4/12/17 2:39 PM Estimated future minimum non-cancelable operating lease payments at December 31, 2016 were as follows: The remaining net book value of prepaid land leases is included within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other (In thousands) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter Total operating lease commitments Non-level Rents and Lease Incentives Amount 3,778 2,983 1,636 1,247 1,255 1,167 12,066 $ $ Some of our leases are subject to rent escalations. For these leases, we recognize rent expense for the total contractual obligation utilizing the straight-line method over the lease term, ranging from 48 months to 125 months. The related short term liability is recorded in other accrued expenses (see Note 11) and the related long term liability is recorded in other long term liabilities. The total liability related to rent escalations was $1.1 million and $1.1 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The lease agreement for our corporate headquarters contains an allowance for moving expenses and tenant improvements of $1.5 million. These moving and tenant improvement allowances are recorded within other accrued expenses and other long term liabilities, depending on the short-term or long-term nature, and are being amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the 125-month term of the lease, which began on May 15, 2012. Rental Costs During Construction Rental costs associated with operating leases incurred during a construction period are expensed. Prepaid Land Leases We operate two factories within the PRC on which the land is leased from the government as of December 31, 2016. These land leases were prepaid to the PRC government at the time our subsidiary occupied the land. We have obtained land-use right certificates for the land pertaining to these factories. The first factory is located in the city of Guangzhou in the Guangdong province. The remaining net book value of this prepaid lease was $1.1 million on December 31, 2016, and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over approximately 14 years. The buildings located on this land had a net book value of $11.2 million on December 31, 2016 and will be depreciated over a remaining weighted average period of 16 years. As further discussed in Note 13, this factory is subject to a pending sale that is expected to close in 2018. The second factory is located in the city of Yangzhou in the Jiangsu province. The remaining net book value of this prepaid lease was $2.6 million on December 31, 2016, and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of approximately 42 years. The buildings located on this land had a net book value of $20.8 million on December 31, 2016 and will be depreciated over a remaining weighted average period of 23 years. assets, depending on the short term or long term nature. Note 13 — Commitments and Contingencies Indemnifications We indemnify our directors and officers to the maximum extent permitted under the laws of the state of Delaware and we have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. In addition, we insure our individual directors and officers against certain claims and attorney’s fees and related expenses incurred in connection with the defense of such claims. The amounts and types of coverage may vary from period to period as dictated by market conditions. Management is not aware of any matters that require indemnification of its officers or directors. Fair Price Provisions and Other Anti-Takeover Measures Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, contains certain provisions restricting business combinations with interested stockholders under certain circumstances and imposing higher voting requirements for the approval of certain transactions ("fair price" provisions). Any of these provisions may delay or prevent a change in control. The "fair price" provisions require that holders of at least two-thirds of our outstanding shares of voting stock approve certain business combinations and significant transactions with interested stockholders. Product Warranties Changes in the liability for product warranty claim costs were as follows: (In thousands) Balance at beginning of period Accruals for warranties issued during the period Settlements (in cash or in kind) during the period Balance at end of period Restructuring Activities and Sale of Guangzhou Factory Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 35 $ 102 (3 ) 134 $ 353 $ 23 (341 ) 35 $ 41 1,178 (866 ) 353 In the first quarter of 2016, we implemented a plan to reduce our manufacturing costs by transitioning manufacturing activities from our southern-most China factory, located in the city of Guangzhou in the Guangdong province, to our other three China factories where labor rates are lower. As a result, we incurred severance costs of $4.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, which are included within selling, general and administrative expenses. We expect to incur additional severance costs of approximately $7 million as we continue to execute this transition over the next nine to 12 months. Because severance costs relate to involuntary terminations, we record the related liability at the communication date. At December 31, 2016, we had $2.7 million of unpaid severance costs included within accrued compensation. On September 26, 2016, we entered into an agreement to sell our Guangzhou manufacturing facility for RMB 320 million (approximately $46 million based on December 31, 2016 exchange rates). Under the terms of the agreement, we have up to 24 86 76 77 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 86 4/12/17 2:39 PM Amount $ 3,778 2,983 1,636 1,247 1,255 1,167 $ 12,066 (In thousands) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter respectively. Total operating lease commitments Non-level Rents and Lease Incentives Some of our leases are subject to rent escalations. For these leases, we recognize rent expense for the total contractual obligation utilizing the straight-line method over the lease term, ranging from 48 months to 125 months. The related short term liability is recorded in other accrued expenses (see Note 11) and the related long term liability is recorded in other long term liabilities. The total liability related to rent escalations was $1.1 million and $1.1 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, The lease agreement for our corporate headquarters contains an allowance for moving expenses and tenant improvements of $1.5 million. These moving and tenant improvement allowances are recorded within other accrued expenses and other long term liabilities, depending on the short-term or long-term nature, and are being amortized as a reduction of rent expense over the 125-month term of the lease, which began on May 15, 2012. Rental costs associated with operating leases incurred during a construction period are expensed. Rental Costs During Construction Prepaid Land Leases We operate two factories within the PRC on which the land is leased from the government as of December 31, 2016. These land The first factory is located in the city of Guangzhou in the Guangdong province. The remaining net book value of this prepaid lease was $1.1 million on December 31, 2016, and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over approximately 14 years. The buildings located on this land had a net book value of $11.2 million on December 31, 2016 and will be depreciated over a remaining weighted average period of 16 years. As further discussed in Note 13, this factory is subject to a pending sale that is expected to close in 2018. The second factory is located in the city of Yangzhou in the Jiangsu province. The remaining net book value of this prepaid lease was $2.6 million on December 31, 2016, and will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of approximately 42 years. The buildings located on this land had a net book value of $20.8 million on December 31, 2016 and will be depreciated over a remaining weighted average period of 23 years. Estimated future minimum non-cancelable operating lease payments at December 31, 2016 were as follows: The remaining net book value of prepaid land leases is included within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets, depending on the short term or long term nature. Note 13 — Commitments and Contingencies Indemnifications We indemnify our directors and officers to the maximum extent permitted under the laws of the state of Delaware and we have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers. In addition, we insure our individual directors and officers against certain claims and attorney’s fees and related expenses incurred in connection with the defense of such claims. The amounts and types of coverage may vary from period to period as dictated by market conditions. Management is not aware of any matters that require indemnification of its officers or directors. Fair Price Provisions and Other Anti-Takeover Measures Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, contains certain provisions restricting business combinations with interested stockholders under certain circumstances and imposing higher voting requirements for the approval of certain transactions ("fair price" provisions). Any of these provisions may delay or prevent a change in control. The "fair price" provisions require that holders of at least two-thirds of our outstanding shares of voting stock approve certain business combinations and significant transactions with interested stockholders. leases were prepaid to the PRC government at the time our subsidiary occupied the land. We have obtained land-use right Balance at end of period certificates for the land pertaining to these factories. Product Warranties Changes in the liability for product warranty claim costs were as follows: (In thousands) Balance at beginning of period Accruals for warranties issued during the period Settlements (in cash or in kind) during the period Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ 35 $ 102 (3 ) 134 $ 353 $ 23 (341 ) 35 $ 41 1,178 (866 ) 353 Restructuring Activities and Sale of Guangzhou Factory In the first quarter of 2016, we implemented a plan to reduce our manufacturing costs by transitioning manufacturing activities from our southern-most China factory, located in the city of Guangzhou in the Guangdong province, to our other three China factories where labor rates are lower. As a result, we incurred severance costs of $4.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, which are included within selling, general and administrative expenses. We expect to incur additional severance costs of approximately $7 million as we continue to execute this transition over the next nine to 12 months. Because severance costs relate to involuntary terminations, we record the related liability at the communication date. At December 31, 2016, we had $2.7 million of unpaid severance costs included within accrued compensation. On September 26, 2016, we entered into an agreement to sell our Guangzhou manufacturing facility for RMB 320 million (approximately $46 million based on December 31, 2016 exchange rates). Under the terms of the agreement, we have up to 24 76 77 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 87 87 4/12/17 2:39 PM months to cease all operations within the facility. The closing of the sale will be subject to customary due diligence and local regulatory approval and is expected to be completed within approximately 28 months from the execution of the agreement. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the buyer deposited 10% of the purchase price into an escrow account upon the execution of the agreement, which we have presented as long-term restricted cash in our consolidated balance sheet (also refer to Note 3). The remaining balance of the purchase price is to be placed into the escrow account prior to the closing of the sale and will be released to us upon closing. Litigation On March 2, 2012 and June 28, 2013, we filed two different lawsuits against Universal Remote Control, Inc. ("URC") alleging that URC, and in some cases its affiliated suppliers Ohsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and Ohsung Electronics USA, Inc. (collectively "Ohsung"), were infringing on certain of our patents. In September 2015, the court awarded URC $4.6 million in attorneys' fees and costs related to the first lawsuit, which we accrued within selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015 and placed an equal amount into a surety bond (described in Note 3). In December 2016, in connection with these matters, we entered into a confidential Settlement, License and Release Agreement dated September 22, 2016 with URC and Ohsung (collectively the “URC Parties”) to settle all litigation matters (including the malicious prosecution litigation described below) between us and the URC Parties. By and during the term of this agreement, we and the URC Parties have dismissed all litigation matters and appeals with prejudice. Additionally, the URC Parties have received a limited paid up license to the technologies covered by the patents in this litigation and a limited covenant not to sue with respect to certain of URC's products existing as of the settlement date. As a result of the Settlement, License and Release Agreement, we accrued $2.0 million within selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016, bringing the total liability accrued in connection with the URC matters to $6.6 million at December 31, 2016. On January 30, 2017, we paid URC $6.6 million, and on February 10, 2017, the $4.6 million surety bond was returned to us. On April 28, 2016, URC filed a malicious prosecution lawsuit against us in the Superior Court of California, County of Orange (Universal Remote Control, Inc. v. Universal Electronics Inc., 30-2016-00849239-CU-BT-CJC). This lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice by URC as part of the overall Settlement, License and Release Agreement discussed above. On or about June 10, 2015, FM Marketing GmbH ("FMH") and Ruwido Austria GmbH ("Ruwido") filed a Summons in Summary Proceedings in Belgium court against one of our subsidiaries, Universal Electronics BV ("UEBV"), and one of its customers, Telenet N.V. ("Telenet"), claiming that one of the products UEBV supplies Telenet violates two design patents and one utility patent owned by FMH and/or Ruwido. By this summons, FMH and Ruwido sought to enjoin Telenet and UEBV from continued distribution and use of the products at issue. After the September 29, 2015 hearing, the court issued its ruling in our and Telenet’s favor, rejecting FMH and Ruwido’s request entirely. On October 22, 2015, Ruwido filed its notice of appeal in this ruling. The parties have fully briefed the appeal and on February 15, 2016, the appellate court heard oral arguments. While awaiting the appellate court’s ruling, we requested and received permission to submit additional filings in support of our position. As such, the court set a new date for all new filings to be submitted and set a status conference for March 2017. In addition, in September 2015, UEBV filed an Opposition with the European Patent Office seeking to invalidate the one utility patent asserted against UEBV and Telenet by Ruwido. The hearing on this opposition has been set for July 2017. Finally, on or about February 9, 2016, Ruwido filed a writ of summons for proceeding on the merits with respect to asserted patents. UEBV and Telenet have replied, denying all of Ruwido's allegations and we intend to vigorously defend against these claims. A hearing on this matter occurred in February 2017 with the court allowing the parties to submit additional filings to further support their respective positions. A further hearing has been scheduled for early summer 2017. On January 26, 2017, OpenTV, Inc., Naga USA, Inc., Nagravision SA, and Kudelski SA (collectively, the “Kudelski Group”) filed a request with the U.S. International Trade Commission (“ITC”) to institute an investigation pursuant to Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended concerning certain remote control devices we supply Comcast Corporation (“Comcast”) to which the ITC agreed to accept this request. By this request, the Kudelski Group will seek exclusion of certain digital television set-top boxes, remote control devices, and components thereof imported into the United States by Comcast and/or various of its subsidiaries, ARRIS International plc and/or various of its subsidiaries, and us and/or certain of our subsidiaries. We deny the allegations made by the Kudelski Group against us and we intend to vigorously defend against them. There are no other material pending legal proceedings to which we or any of our subsidiaries is a party or of which our respective property is the subject. However, as is typical in our industry and to the nature and kind of business in which we are engaged, from time to time, various claims, charges and litigation are asserted or commenced by third parties against us or by us against third parties arising from or related to product liability, infringement of patent or other intellectual property rights, breach of warranty, contractual relations, or employee relations. The amounts claimed may be substantial but may not bear any reasonable relationship to the merits of the claims or the extent of any real risk of court awards assessed against us or in our favor. However, no assurances can be made as to the outcome of any of these matters, nor can we estimate the range of potential losses to us. In our opinion, final judgments, if any, which might be rendered against us in potential or pending litigation would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Moreover, we believe that our products do not infringe any third parties' patents or other intellectual property rights. We maintain directors' and officers' liability insurance which insures our individual directors and officers against certain claims, as well as attorney's fees and related expenses incurred in connection with the defense of such claims. Defined Benefit Plan Our subsidiary in India maintains a defined benefit pension plan ("India Plan") for local employees, which is consistent with local statutes and practices. The pension plan was adequately funded on December 31, 2016 based on its latest actuarial report. The India Plan has an independent external manager that advises us of the appropriate funding contribution requirements to which we comply. At December 31, 2016, approximately 47 percent of our India subsidiary employees had qualified for eligibility. An individual must be employed by our India subsidiary for a minimum of 5 years before becoming eligible. Upon the termination, resignation or retirement of an eligible employee, we are liable to pay the employee an amount equal to 15 days salary for each full year of service completed. The total amount of liability outstanding at December 31, 2016 and 2015 for the India Plan was not material. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, the net periodic benefit costs were also not material. Note 14 — Treasury Stock From time to time, our Board of Directors authorizes management to repurchase shares of our issued and outstanding common stock. Repurchases may be made to manage dilution created by shares issued under our stock incentive plans or whenever we deem a repurchase is a good use of our cash and the price to be paid is at or below a threshold approved by our Board. As of December 31, 2016, we had 370,565 shares available for repurchase under the Board's authorizations. 88 78 79 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 88 4/12/17 2:39 PM months to cease all operations within the facility. The closing of the sale will be subject to customary due diligence and local regulatory approval and is expected to be completed within approximately 28 months from the execution of the agreement. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the buyer deposited 10% of the purchase price into an escrow account upon the execution of the agreement, which we have presented as long-term restricted cash in our consolidated balance sheet (also refer to Note 3). The remaining balance of the purchase price is to be placed into the escrow account prior to the closing of the sale and will be released to us upon closing. Litigation On March 2, 2012 and June 28, 2013, we filed two different lawsuits against Universal Remote Control, Inc. ("URC") alleging that URC, and in some cases its affiliated suppliers Ohsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and Ohsung Electronics USA, Inc. (collectively "Ohsung"), were infringing on certain of our patents. In September 2015, the court awarded URC $4.6 million in attorneys' fees and costs related to the first lawsuit, which we accrued within selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015 and placed an equal amount into a surety bond (described in Note 3). In December 2016, in connection with these matters, we entered into a confidential Settlement, License and Release Agreement dated September 22, 2016 with URC and Ohsung (collectively the “URC Parties”) to settle all litigation matters (including the malicious prosecution litigation described below) between us and the URC Parties. By and during the term of this agreement, we and the URC Parties have dismissed all litigation matters and appeals with prejudice. Additionally, the URC Parties have received a limited paid up license to the technologies covered by the patents in this litigation and a limited covenant not to sue with respect to certain of URC's products existing as of the settlement date. As a result of the Settlement, License and Release Agreement, we accrued $2.0 million within selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016, bringing the total liability accrued in connection with the URC matters to $6.6 million at December 31, 2016. On January 30, 2017, we paid URC $6.6 million, and on February 10, 2017, the $4.6 million surety bond was returned to us. On April 28, 2016, URC filed a malicious prosecution lawsuit against us in the Superior Court of California, County of Orange (Universal Remote Control, Inc. v. Universal Electronics Inc., 30-2016-00849239-CU-BT-CJC). This lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice by URC as part of the overall Settlement, License and Release Agreement discussed above. On or about June 10, 2015, FM Marketing GmbH ("FMH") and Ruwido Austria GmbH ("Ruwido") filed a Summons in Summary Proceedings in Belgium court against one of our subsidiaries, Universal Electronics BV ("UEBV"), and one of its customers, Telenet N.V. ("Telenet"), claiming that one of the products UEBV supplies Telenet violates two design patents and one utility patent owned by FMH and/or Ruwido. By this summons, FMH and Ruwido sought to enjoin Telenet and UEBV from continued distribution and use of the products at issue. After the September 29, 2015 hearing, the court issued its ruling in our and Telenet’s favor, rejecting FMH and Ruwido’s request entirely. On October 22, 2015, Ruwido filed its notice of appeal in this ruling. The parties have fully briefed the appeal and on February 15, 2016, the appellate court heard oral arguments. While awaiting the appellate court’s ruling, we requested and received permission to submit additional filings in support of our position. As such, the court set a new date for all new filings to be submitted and set a status conference for March 2017. In addition, in September 2015, UEBV filed an Opposition with the European Patent Office seeking to invalidate the one utility patent asserted against UEBV and Telenet by Ruwido. The hearing on this opposition has been set for July 2017. Finally, on or about February 9, 2016, Ruwido filed a writ of summons for proceeding on the merits with respect to asserted patents. UEBV and Telenet have replied, denying all of Ruwido's allegations and we intend to vigorously defend against these claims. A hearing on this matter occurred in February 2017 with the court allowing the parties to submit additional filings to further support their respective positions. A further hearing has been scheduled for early summer 2017. On January 26, 2017, OpenTV, Inc., Naga USA, Inc., Nagravision SA, and Kudelski SA (collectively, the “Kudelski Group”) filed a request with the U.S. International Trade Commission (“ITC”) to institute an investigation pursuant to Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended concerning certain remote control devices we supply Comcast Corporation (“Comcast”) to which the ITC agreed to accept this request. By this request, the Kudelski Group will seek exclusion of certain digital television set-top boxes, remote control devices, and components thereof imported into the United States by Comcast and/or various of its subsidiaries, ARRIS International plc and/or various of its subsidiaries, and us and/or certain of our subsidiaries. We deny the allegations made by the Kudelski Group against us and we intend to vigorously defend against them. There are no other material pending legal proceedings to which we or any of our subsidiaries is a party or of which our respective property is the subject. However, as is typical in our industry and to the nature and kind of business in which we are engaged, from time to time, various claims, charges and litigation are asserted or commenced by third parties against us or by us against third parties arising from or related to product liability, infringement of patent or other intellectual property rights, breach of warranty, contractual relations, or employee relations. The amounts claimed may be substantial but may not bear any reasonable relationship to the merits of the claims or the extent of any real risk of court awards assessed against us or in our favor. However, no assurances can be made as to the outcome of any of these matters, nor can we estimate the range of potential losses to us. In our opinion, final judgments, if any, which might be rendered against us in potential or pending litigation would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. Moreover, we believe that our products do not infringe any third parties' patents or other intellectual property rights. We maintain directors' and officers' liability insurance which insures our individual directors and officers against certain claims, as well as attorney's fees and related expenses incurred in connection with the defense of such claims. Defined Benefit Plan Our subsidiary in India maintains a defined benefit pension plan ("India Plan") for local employees, which is consistent with local statutes and practices. The pension plan was adequately funded on December 31, 2016 based on its latest actuarial report. The India Plan has an independent external manager that advises us of the appropriate funding contribution requirements to which we comply. At December 31, 2016, approximately 47 percent of our India subsidiary employees had qualified for eligibility. An individual must be employed by our India subsidiary for a minimum of 5 years before becoming eligible. Upon the termination, resignation or retirement of an eligible employee, we are liable to pay the employee an amount equal to 15 days salary for each full year of service completed. The total amount of liability outstanding at December 31, 2016 and 2015 for the India Plan was not material. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, the net periodic benefit costs were also not material. Note 14 — Treasury Stock From time to time, our Board of Directors authorizes management to repurchase shares of our issued and outstanding common stock. Repurchases may be made to manage dilution created by shares issued under our stock incentive plans or whenever we deem a repurchase is a good use of our cash and the price to be paid is at or below a threshold approved by our Board. As of December 31, 2016, we had 370,565 shares available for repurchase under the Board's authorizations. 78 79 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 89 89 4/12/17 2:39 PM Repurchased shares of our common stock were as follows: Long-lived tangible assets by geographic area were as follows: (In thousands) Shares repurchased Cost of shares repurchased Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 198 12,647 $ 1,817 89,395 $ 384 16,168 $ Repurchased shares are recorded as shares held in treasury at cost. We hold these shares for future use as management and the Board of Directors deem appropriate, which has included compensating our outside directors. During the year ended December 31, 2014, we issued 15,000 shares from treasury to outside directors for services performed (see Note 16). Note 15 — Business Segment and Foreign Operations Reportable Segment An operating segment, in part, is a component of an enterprise whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance. Operating segments may be aggregated only to a limited extent. Our chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by disaggregated information about revenues for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. Accordingly, we only have a single operating and reportable segment. Foreign Operations Our net sales to external customers by geographic area were as follows: (In thousands) United States Asia (excluding PRC) People’s Republic of China Europe Latin America Other Total net sales Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 338,338 $ 89,527 77,224 74,113 47,286 24,883 651,371 $ 287,678 $ 109,960 74,475 65,579 38,985 26,156 602,833 $ 201,579 129,614 98,057 70,663 38,912 23,504 562,329 $ $ Specific identification of the customer billing location was the basis used for attributing revenues from external customers to geographic areas. Stock-based compensation expense for each employee and director is presented in the same income statement caption as their cash compensation. Stock-based compensation expense by income statement caption and the related income tax benefit were as (In thousands) United States People's Republic of China All other countries Total long-lived tangible assets Note 16 — Stock-Based Compensation follows: (In thousands) Cost of sales Income tax benefit Stock Options Research and development expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses: Employees Outside directors Total employee and director stock-based compensation expense December 31, 2016 2015 $ $ 11,948 $ 94,113 4,186 110,247 $ 7,015 83,794 4,571 95,380 Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 57 $ 541 39 $ 428 7,095 2,631 5,946 1,500 10,324 $ 7,913 $ 16 323 4,927 1,178 6,444 3,102 $ 2,366 $ 1,897 $ $ $ The assumptions we utilized in the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the resulting weighted average fair value of stock option grants were the following: Weighted average fair value of grants Risk-free interest rate Expected volatility Expected life in years Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 17.96 $ 24.47 $ 1.36 % 41.38 % 4.55 1.39 % 43.36 % 4.57 13.64 1.29 % 44.84 % 4.56 90 80 81 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 90 4/12/17 2:39 PM Repurchased shares of our common stock were as follows: Long-lived tangible assets by geographic area were as follows: (In thousands) United States People's Republic of China All other countries Total long-lived tangible assets Note 16 — Stock-Based Compensation December 31, 2016 2015 $ $ 11,948 $ 94,113 4,186 110,247 $ 7,015 83,794 4,571 95,380 Stock-based compensation expense for each employee and director is presented in the same income statement caption as their cash compensation. Stock-based compensation expense by income statement caption and the related income tax benefit were as follows: Our net sales to external customers by geographic area were as follows: Total employee and director stock-based compensation expense Income tax benefit Stock Options (In thousands) Cost of sales Research and development expenses Selling, general and administrative expenses: Employees Outside directors Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 57 $ 541 7,095 2,631 10,324 $ 39 $ 428 5,946 1,500 7,913 $ 16 323 4,927 1,178 6,444 3,102 $ 2,366 $ 1,897 $ $ $ The assumptions we utilized in the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the resulting weighted average fair value of stock option grants were the following: Weighted average fair value of grants Risk-free interest rate Expected volatility Expected life in years $ Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 17.96 1.36 % 41.38 % 4.55 $ 24.47 1.39 % 43.36 % 4.57 13.64 1.29 % 44.84 % 4.56 (In thousands) Shares repurchased Cost of shares repurchased Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 198 12,647 $ 1,817 89,395 $ 384 16,168 $ Repurchased shares are recorded as shares held in treasury at cost. We hold these shares for future use as management and the Board of Directors deem appropriate, which has included compensating our outside directors. During the year ended December 31, 2014, we issued 15,000 shares from treasury to outside directors for services performed (see Note 16). Note 15 — Business Segment and Foreign Operations Reportable Segment An operating segment, in part, is a component of an enterprise whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance. Operating segments may be aggregated only to a limited extent. Our chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by disaggregated information about revenues for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. Accordingly, we only have a single operating and reportable segment. Foreign Operations (In thousands) United States Asia (excluding PRC) People’s Republic of China Europe Latin America Other Total net sales geographic areas. Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ 338,338 $ 89,527 77,224 74,113 47,286 24,883 287,678 $ 109,960 74,475 65,579 38,985 26,156 201,579 129,614 98,057 70,663 38,912 23,504 $ 651,371 $ 602,833 $ 562,329 Specific identification of the customer billing location was the basis used for attributing revenues from external customers to 80 81 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 91 91 4/12/17 2:39 PM Stock option activity was as follows: 2016 2015 2014 Number of Options (in 000's) Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in 000's) Number of Options (in 000's) Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in 000's) Number of Options (in 000's) Weighted- Average Exercise Price Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in 000's) Outstanding at beginning of the year Granted Exercised Forfeited/canceled/expired Outstanding at end of the year (1) Vested and expected to vest at the end of the year (1) Exercisable at the end of the year (1) 648 $ 243 (239 ) — 652 $ 652 $ 363 $ 30.50 49.67 26.09 — 39.27 39.27 30.21 $ $ $ $ 9,933 16,553 16,548 12,511 4.78 4.78 3.88 650 $ 77 (71 ) (8 ) 648 $ 648 $ 493 $ 25.56 64.81 23.97 20.64 30.50 30.50 25.03 $ $ $ $ 2,193 14,556 14,551 12,979 4.85 4.85 4.51 924 $ 133 (391 ) (16 ) 650 $ 649 $ 421 $ 22.04 35.28 20.76 20.77 25.56 25.57 23.84 10,651 25,653 25,618 17,345 $ $ $ $ 5.59 5.58 4.87 (1) The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax value (the difference between our closing stock price on the last trading day of 2016, 2015, and 2014 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had they all exercised their options on December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014. This amount will change based on the fair market value of our stock. On February 8, 2017, certain executive employees were granted 91,795 stock options in connection with the 2016 annual review cycle. The options were granted as part of long-term incentive compensation to assist us in meeting our performance and retention objectives and are subject to a three-year vesting period (33.33% on February 8, 2018 and 8.33% each quarter thereafter). The total grant date fair value of these awards was $1.8 million. Restricted Stock Non-vested restricted stock award activity was as follows: Non-vested at beginning of the year Granted Vested Forfeited Non-vested at end of the year 225 $ 77 (146 ) (3 ) 153 $ 51.31 63.30 51.10 60.17 57.43 266 $ 138 (178 ) (1 ) 225 $ 39.28 53.64 35.09 63.19 51.31 2016 2015 2014 Weighted- Average Weighted- Average Shares (in 000’s) Grant Date Fair Value Shares (in 000’s) Grant Date Fair Value Shares (in 000’s) Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value 285 $ 155 (171 ) (3 ) 266 $ 24.64 51.29 25.78 37.78 39.28 During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, there were no modifications made to outstanding stock options. expense related to non-vested restricted stock awards over a weighted-average life of 1.5 years. As of December 31, 2016, we expect to recognize $7.8 million of total unrecognized pre-tax stock-based compensation Cash received from option exercises for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 was $6.2 million, $1.7 million, and $8.1 million, respectively. The actual tax benefit realized from option exercises was $2.6 million, $0.5 million and $3.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Significant option groups outstanding at December 31, 2016 and the related weighted average exercise price and life information were as follows: In February 2017, certain executives and employees were granted 96,705 restricted stock awards in connection with the 2016 annual review cycle. These awards were granted as part of long-term incentive compensation to assist us in meeting our performance and retention objectives and are subject to a three-year vesting period (28,705 of these awards vest 33.33% on February 8, 2018 and 8.33% each quarter thereafter; and 68,000 of these awards vest at a rate of 33.33% per year beginning on February 16, 2018). The total grant date fair value of these awards was $6.1 million. Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Stock Incentive Plans Range of Exercise Prices $18.25 to $21.95 26.48 to 28.08 35.28 to 48.61 51.38 to 65.54 Number Outstanding (in 000’s) Weighted-Average Remaining Years of Contractual Life Weighted- Average Exercise Price 20.15 27.45 43.49 57.49 39.27 4.44 $ 0.80 5.35 5.62 4.78 $ Number Exercisable (in 000’s) Weighted- Average Exercise Price 20.13 27.45 35.28 65.22 30.21 180 $ 56 84 43 363 $ 182 56 243 171 652 As of December 31, 2016, we expect to recognize $3.8 million of total unrecognized pre-tax stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options over a remaining weighted-average life of 1.9 years. 92 82 83 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r5.indd 92 4/13/17 1:17 PM Our active stock-based incentive plans include those adopted in 1999, 2003, 2006, 2010 and 2014 ("Stock Incentive Plans"). Under the Stock Incentive Plans, we may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, performance stock units, or any combination thereof for a period of ten years from the approval date of each respective plan, unless the plan is terminated by resolution of our Board of Directors. No stock appreciation rights or performance stock units have been awarded under our Stock Incentive Plans. Only directors and employees meeting certain employment qualifications are eligible to receive stock-based awards. The grant price of stock option and restricted stock awards granted under our Stock Incentive Plans is the average of the high and low trades of our stock on the grant date. We prohibit the re-pricing or backdating of stock options. Our stock options become exercisable in various proportions over a three- or four-year time frame. Stock options have a maximum ten-year term. Restricted stock awards vest in various proportions over a one- to three-year time period. Stock option activity was as follows: 2016 Weighted- Average 2015 Weighted- Average Number of Options (in 000's) Weighted- Average Exercise Price Remaining Contractual Aggregate Intrinsic Term (in years) Value (in 000's) Number of Options (in 000's) Weighted- Average Exercise Price Remaining Contractual Aggregate Intrinsic Term (in years) Value (in 000's) Number of Options (in 000's) Weighted- Average Exercise Price 2014 Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in 000's) Outstanding at beginning of the year Granted Exercised Forfeited/canceled/expired Outstanding at end of the year (1) Vested and expected to vest at the end of the year (1) Exercisable at the end of the year (1) 648 $ 243 (239 ) — 652 $ 652 $ 363 $ 30.50 49.67 26.09 — 39.27 39.27 30.21 $ $ $ $ 9,933 16,553 16,548 12,511 4.78 4.78 3.88 650 $ 77 (71 ) (8 ) 648 $ 648 $ 493 $ 25.56 64.81 23.97 20.64 30.50 30.50 25.03 $ $ $ $ 2,193 14,556 14,551 12,979 4.85 4.85 4.51 924 $ 133 (391 ) (16 ) 650 $ 649 $ 421 $ 22.04 35.28 20.76 20.77 25.56 25.57 23.84 10,651 25,653 25,618 17,345 $ $ $ $ 5.59 5.58 4.87 (1) The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax value (the difference between our closing stock price on the last trading day of 2016, 2015, and 2014 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, there were no modifications made to outstanding stock options. Cash received from option exercises for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 was $6.2 million, $1.7 million, and $8.1 million, respectively. The actual tax benefit realized from option exercises was $2.6 million, $0.5 million and $3.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Significant option groups outstanding at December 31, 2016 and the related weighted average exercise price and life information were as follows: Range of Exercise Prices $18.25 to $21.95 26.48 to 28.08 35.28 to 48.61 51.38 to 65.54 Number Outstanding (in 000’s) Weighted-Average Remaining Years o f Contractual Life Weighted- Average Exercise Price Number Exercisable (in 000’s) Weighted- Average Exercise Price 4.44 $ 0.80 5.35 5.62 4.78 $ 20.15 27.45 43.49 57.49 39.27 180 $ 56 84 43 363 $ 20.13 27.45 35.28 65.22 30.21 As of December 31, 2016, we expect to recognize $3.8 million of total unrecognized pre-tax stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options over a remaining weighted-average life of 1.9 years. 182 56 243 171 652 82 On February 8, 2017, certain executive employees were granted 91,795 stock options in connection with the 2016 annual review cycle. The options were granted as part of long-term incentive compensation to assist us in meeting our performance and retention objectives and are subject to a three-year vesting period (33.33% on February 8, 2018 and 8.33% each quarter thereafter). The total grant date fair value of these awards was $1.8 million. Restricted Stock Non-vested restricted stock award activity was as follows: 2016 2015 2014 that would have been received by the option holders had they all exercised their options on December 31, 2016, 2015, Non-vested at end of the year and 2014. This amount will change based on the fair market value of our stock. Non-vested at beginning of the year Granted Vested Forfeited Shares (in 000’s) Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value 51.31 63.30 51.10 60.17 57.43 225 $ 77 (146 ) (3 ) 153 $ Shares (in 000’s) Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value 39.28 53.64 35.09 63.19 51.31 266 $ 138 (178 ) (1 ) 225 $ Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value 24.64 51.29 25.78 37.78 39.28 Shares (in 000’s) 285 $ 155 (171 ) (3 ) 266 $ As of December 31, 2016, we expect to recognize $7.8 million of total unrecognized pre-tax stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock awards over a weighted-average life of 1.5 years. In February 2017, certain executives and employees were granted 96,705 restricted stock awards in connection with the 2016 annual review cycle. These awards were granted as part of long-term incentive compensation to assist us in meeting our performance and retention objectives and are subject to a three-year vesting period (28,705 of these awards vest 33.33% on February 8, 2018 and 8.33% each quarter thereafter; and 68,000 of these awards vest at a rate of 33.33% per year beginning on February 16, 2018). The total grant date fair value of these awards was $6.1 million. Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Stock Incentive Plans Our active stock-based incentive plans include those adopted in 1999, 2003, 2006, 2010 and 2014 ("Stock Incentive Plans"). Under the Stock Incentive Plans, we may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, performance stock units, or any combination thereof for a period of ten years from the approval date of each respective plan, unless the plan is terminated by resolution of our Board of Directors. No stock appreciation rights or performance stock units have been awarded under our Stock Incentive Plans. Only directors and employees meeting certain employment qualifications are eligible to receive stock-based awards. The grant price of stock option and restricted stock awards granted under our Stock Incentive Plans is the average of the high and low trades of our stock on the grant date. We prohibit the re-pricing or backdating of stock options. Our stock options become exercisable in various proportions over a three- or four-year time frame. Stock options have a maximum ten-year term. Restricted stock awards vest in various proportions over a one- to three-year time period. 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 93 83 93 4/12/17 2:39 PM Detailed information regarding our active Stock Incentive Plans was as follows at December 31, 2016: Name 1999A Stock Incentive Plan 2003 Stock Incentive Plan 2006 Stock Incentive Plan 2010 Stock Incentive Plan 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Approval Date 10/7/1999 6/18/2003 6/13/2006 6/15/2010 6/12/2014 Initial Shares Available for Grant Under the Plan Remaining Shares Available for Grant Under the Plan Outstanding Shares Granted Under the Plan 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,100,000 — — — — 517,066 517,066 7,500 37,541 118,553 222,935 418,800 805,329 Note 17 — Performance-Based Common Stock Warrants On March 9, 2016, we issued common stock purchase warrants to Comcast to purchase up to 725,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $54.55 per share. The right to exercise the warrants is subject to vesting over three successive two-year periods (with the first two-year period commencing on January 1, 2016) based on the level of purchases of goods and services from us by Comcast and its affiliates, as defined in the warrants. The table below presents the purchase levels and number of warrants that will vest in each period based upon achieving these purchase levels. Aggregate Level of Purchases by Comcast and Affiliates $260 million $300 million $340 million Maximum Potential Warrants Earned by Comcast Incremental Warrants That Will Vest January 1, 2016 - December 31, 2017 100,000 75,000 75,000 250,000 January 1, 2018 - December 31, 2019 100,000 75,000 75,000 250,000 January 1, 2020 - December 31, 2021 75,000 75,000 75,000 225,000 If total aggregate purchases by Comcast and its affiliates are below $260 million in any of the two-year periods above, no warrants will vest related to that two-year period. If total aggregate purchases of goods and services by Comcast and its affiliates exceed $340 million during either the first or second two-year period, the amount of any such excess will count toward aggregate purchases in the following two-year period. To fully vest in the rights to purchase all of the underlying shares, Comcast and its affiliates must purchase an aggregate of $1.02 billion in goods and services from us during the six-year vesting period. Any and all warrants that vest will expire on January 1, 2023. The warrants provide for certain adjustments that may be made to the exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon exercise due to customary anti-dilution provisions. Additionally, in connection with the common stock purchase warrants, we have also entered into a registration rights agreement with Comcast under which Comcast may from time to time request that we register the shares of common stock underlying vested warrants with the SEC. Because the warrants contain performance criteria under which Comcast must achieve specified aggregate purchase levels for the warrants to vest, as detailed above, the measurement date for the warrants is the date on which the warrants vest. At December 31, 2016, none of the warrants had vested. The assumptions we utilized in the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the resulting fair value of the warrants were the following: Fair value Risk-free interest rate Expected volatility Expected life in years Price of Universal Electronics Inc. common stock December 31, 2016 $30.88 $65.78 2.09 % 39.30 % 6.00 For the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded $2.7 million as a reduction to net sales in connection with common stock warrants, and the related income tax benefit was $1.0 million. At December 31, 2016, we estimated the number of warrants that will vest based on the combination of purchases already made and projected future purchases that will be made by Comcast and its affiliates. These estimates may increase or decrease based on actual future purchases. The aggregate unrecognized estimated fair value of unvested warrants at December 31, 2016 was $19.7 million. Note 18 — Other Income (Expense), Net Other income (expense), net consisted of the following: (In thousands) Net gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange contracts(1) Net gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange transactions Other income Other income (expense), net Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ (1,251 ) $ 1,911 180 840 $ 294 $ (522 ) 221 (7 ) $ (491 ) (363 ) 14 (840 ) (1) This represents the gains and (losses) incurred on foreign currency hedging derivatives (see Note 20 for further details). 94 84 85 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 94 4/12/17 2:39 PM Detailed information regarding our active Stock Incentive Plans was as follows at December 31, 2016: Name 1999A Stock Incentive Plan 2003 Stock Incentive Plan 2006 Stock Incentive Plan 2010 Stock Incentive Plan 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Approval Date 10/7/1999 6/18/2003 6/13/2006 6/15/2010 6/12/2014 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,100,000 Initial Shares Available for Grant Under the Plan Remaining Shares Available for Grant Under the Plan Outstanding Shares Granted Under the Plan — — — — 517,066 517,066 7,500 37,541 118,553 222,935 418,800 805,329 Note 17 — Performance-Based Common Stock Warrants On March 9, 2016, we issued common stock purchase warrants to Comcast to purchase up to 725,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $54.55 per share. The right to exercise the warrants is subject to vesting over three successive two-year periods (with the first two-year period commencing on January 1, 2016) based on the level of purchases of goods and services from us by Comcast and its affiliates, as defined in the warrants. The table below presents the purchase levels and number of warrants that will vest in each period based upon achieving these purchase levels. Aggregate Level of Purchases by Comcast and Affiliates $260 million $300 million $340 million Maximum Potential Warrants Earned by Comcast Incremental Warrants That Will Vest January 1, 2016 - December 31, 2017 January 1, 2018 - December 31, 2019 January 1, 2020 - December 31, 2021 100,000 75,000 75,000 250,000 100,000 75,000 75,000 250,000 75,000 75,000 75,000 225,000 If total aggregate purchases by Comcast and its affiliates are below $260 million in any of the two-year periods above, no warrants will vest related to that two-year period. If total aggregate purchases of goods and services by Comcast and its affiliates exceed $340 million during either the first or second two-year period, the amount of any such excess will count toward aggregate purchases in the following two-year period. To fully vest in the rights to purchase all of the underlying shares, Comcast and its affiliates must purchase an aggregate of $1.02 billion in goods and services from us during the six-year vesting Any and all warrants that vest will expire on January 1, 2023. The warrants provide for certain adjustments that may be made to the exercise price and the number of shares issuable upon exercise due to customary anti-dilution provisions. Additionally, in connection with the common stock purchase warrants, we have also entered into a registration rights agreement with Comcast under which Comcast may from time to time request that we register the shares of common stock underlying vested warrants period. with the SEC. Because the warrants contain performance criteria under which Comcast must achieve specified aggregate purchase levels for the warrants to vest, as detailed above, the measurement date for the warrants is the date on which the warrants vest. At December 31, 2016, none of the warrants had vested. The assumptions we utilized in the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the resulting fair value of the warrants were the following: Fair value Price of Universal Electronics Inc. common stock Risk-free interest rate Expected volatility Expected life in years December 31, 2016 $30.88 $65.78 2.09 % 39.30 % 6.00 For the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded $2.7 million as a reduction to net sales in connection with common stock warrants, and the related income tax benefit was $1.0 million. At December 31, 2016, we estimated the number of warrants that will vest based on the combination of purchases already made and projected future purchases that will be made by Comcast and its affiliates. These estimates may increase or decrease based on actual future purchases. The aggregate unrecognized estimated fair value of unvested warrants at December 31, 2016 was $19.7 million. Note 18 — Other Income (Expense), Net Other income (expense), net consisted of the following: (In thousands) Net gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange contracts(1) Net gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange transactions Other income Other income (expense), net Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ (1,251 ) $ 1,911 180 840 $ 294 $ (522 ) 221 (7 ) $ (491 ) (363 ) 14 (840 ) (1) This represents the gains and (losses) incurred on foreign currency hedging derivatives (see Note 20 for further details). 84 85 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 95 95 4/12/17 2:39 PM Note 19 — Earnings Per Share Earnings per share was calculated as follows: (In thousands, except per-share amounts) BASIC Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Weighted-average common shares outstanding Basic earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. DILUTED Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock $ $ $ Weighted-average common shares outstanding on a diluted basis Diluted earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. $ Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 derivatives: 20,354 $ 14,465 1.41 $ 20,354 $ 14,465 299 14,764 1.38 $ 29,174 $ 15,248 1.91 $ 29,174 $ 15,248 294 15,542 1.88 $ 32,534 15,781 2.06 32,534 15,781 371 16,152 2.01 The number of stock options and shares of restricted stock excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per common share were as follows: (In thousands) Stock options Restricted stock awards Note 20 — Derivatives Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 83 10 66 28 52 10 We periodically enter into foreign currency exchange contracts with terms normally lasting less than nine months to protect against the adverse effects that exchange-rate fluctuations may have on our foreign currency-denominated receivables, payables, cash flows and reported income. We are exposed to market risks from foreign currency exchange rates, which may adversely affect our operating results and financial position. Our foreign currency exposures are primarily concentrated in the Argentinian Peso, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, Hong Kong Dollar, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen and Mexican Peso. Derivative financial instruments are used to manage risk and are not used for trading or other speculative purposes. We do not use leveraged derivative financial instruments and these derivatives have not qualified for hedge accounting. Gains and losses on derivatives are recorded in other income (expense), net. Derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The estimated fair values of our derivative financial instruments represent the amount required to enter into offsetting contracts with similar remaining maturities based on quoted market prices. We have determined that the fair value of our derivatives are derived from level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. The following table sets forth the fair value of (In thousands) Foreign currency exchange contracts December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Fair Value Measurement Using Total Fair Value Measurement Using Total (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Balance (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Balance $ — $ (1,584 ) $ — $ (1,584 ) $ — $ (1,146 ) $ — $ (1,146 ) We held foreign currency exchange contracts which resulted in a net pre-tax loss of $1.3 million, a net pre-tax gain of $0.3 million, and a net pre-tax loss of $0.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Details of foreign currency exchange contracts held were as follows: Notional Value Unrealized Gain/(Loss) Recorded at Balance Sheet Date Date Held Type Position Held (in millions) Forward Rate (in thousands)(1) Settlement Date December 31, 2016 USD/Euro USD $ 18.0 1.0513 $ (61 ) January 27, 2017 December 31, 2016 Renminbi $ 25.0 6.7230 $ (974 ) January 13, 2017 Chinese Yuan Chinese Yuan Renminbi $ $ $ $ USD USD USD USD/Chinese Yuan Renminbi USD/Chinese Yuan USD/Brazilian Real Real USD/Brazilian USD/Brazilian Real Real USD/Brazilian December 31, 2016 Renminbi 10.0 6.6757 (457 ) January 13, 2017 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 2.0 3.4775 (131 ) January 13, 2017 4.0 3.2316 39 January 13, 2017 December 31, 2015 USD/Euro 7.0 1.0864 $ (7 ) January 22, 2016 USD/Chinese Yuan Chinese Yuan December 31, 2015 Renminbi Renminbi $ 22.5 6.2565 (1,100 ) January 15, 2016 December 31, 2015 Brazilian Real $ 1.0 3.7461 (57 ) January 15, 2016 December 31, 2015 USD $ 3.0 3.9503 18 January 15, 2016 (1) Gains on foreign currency exchange contracts are recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets. Losses on foreign currency exchange contracts are recorded in other accrued expenses. $ $ $ $ $ $ 96 86 87 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 96 4/12/17 2:39 PM Note 19 — Earnings Per Share Earnings per share was calculated as follows: (In thousands, except per-share amounts) BASIC Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Weighted-average common shares outstanding Basic earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. DILUTED Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Weighted-average common shares outstanding for basic Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock share were as follows: (In thousands) Stock options Restricted stock awards Note 20 — Derivatives Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 $ $ $ 20,354 $ 14,465 1.41 $ 29,174 $ 15,248 1.91 $ 20,354 $ 29,174 $ 14,465 299 14,764 15,248 294 15,542 32,534 15,781 2.06 32,534 15,781 371 16,152 2.01 Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 83 10 66 28 52 10 Weighted-average common shares outstanding on a diluted basis Diluted earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. $ 1.38 $ 1.88 $ The number of stock options and shares of restricted stock excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per common We periodically enter into foreign currency exchange contracts with terms normally lasting less than nine months to protect against the adverse effects that exchange-rate fluctuations may have on our foreign currency-denominated receivables, payables, cash flows and reported income. We are exposed to market risks from foreign currency exchange rates, which may adversely affect our operating results and financial position. Our foreign currency exposures are primarily concentrated in the Argentinian Peso, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Chinese Yuan Renminbi, Euro, Hong Kong Dollar, Indian Rupee, Japanese Yen and Mexican Peso. Derivative financial instruments are used to manage risk and are not used for trading or other speculative purposes. We do not use leveraged derivative financial instruments and these derivatives have not qualified for hedge accounting. Gains and losses on derivatives are recorded in other income (expense), net. Derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The estimated fair values of our derivative financial instruments represent the amount required to enter into offsetting contracts with similar remaining maturities based on quoted market prices. We have determined that the fair value of our derivatives are derived from level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. The following table sets forth the fair value of derivatives: December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 (In thousands) Foreign currency exchange contracts Fair Value Measurement Using (Level 2) Total (Level 3) Balance (Level 1) Fair Value Measurement Using (Level 2) Total (Level 3) Balance (Level 1) $ — $ (1,584 ) $ — $ (1,584 ) $ — $ (1,146 ) $ — $ (1,146 ) We held foreign currency exchange contracts which resulted in a net pre-tax loss of $1.3 million, a net pre-tax gain of $0.3 million, and a net pre-tax loss of $0.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Details of foreign currency exchange contracts held were as follows: Date Held Type Position Held Notional Value (in millions) Forward Rate Unrealized Gain/(Loss) Recorded at Balance Sheet Date (in thousands)(1) Settlement Date December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2015 USD/Euro USD/Chinese Yuan Renminbi USD/Chinese Yuan Renminbi USD/Brazilian Real USD/Brazilian Real USD/Euro USD/Chinese Yuan Renminbi USD/Brazilian Real USD/Brazilian Real USD Chinese Yuan Renminbi Chinese Yuan Renminbi USD USD USD Chinese Yuan Renminbi $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 18.0 1.0513 $ (61 ) January 27, 2017 25.0 6.7230 $ (974 ) January 13, 2017 10.0 6.6757 2.0 3.4775 4.0 3.2316 $ $ $ (457 ) January 13, 2017 (131 ) January 13, 2017 39 January 13, 2017 7.0 1.0864 $ (7 ) January 22, 2016 22.5 6.2565 Brazilian Real $ 1.0 3.7461 USD $ 3.0 3.9503 $ $ $ (1,100 ) January 15, 2016 (57 ) January 15, 2016 18 January 15, 2016 (1) Gains on foreign currency exchange contracts are recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets. Losses on foreign currency exchange contracts are recorded in other accrued expenses. 86 87 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 97 97 4/12/17 2:39 PM Contingent Consideration We are required to make annual earnout payments upon the achievement of certain operating income levels attributable to Ecolink over the five year period from 2016 through 2020. The amount of earnout contingent consideration has no upper limit and is calculated at the end of each calendar year based upon certain percentages of operating income target levels as defined in the APA. Ecolink's operating income will be calculated using certain revenues, costs and expenses directly attributable to Ecolink as specified in the APA. At the acquisition date, the value of earnout contingent consideration was estimated using a valuation methodology based on projections of future operating income calculated in accordance with the APA. Such projections were then discounted using an average discount rate of 15.5% to reflect the risk in achieving the projected operating income levels as well as the time value of money. The fair value measurement of the earnout contingent consideration was based primarily on significant inputs not observable in an active market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined under U.S. GAAP. At December 31, 2015 the fair value of the earnout contingent consideration was $11.8 million. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the fair value of the earnout contingent consideration decreased $1.3 million, primarily to reflect adjustments to the timing and amount of earnout payments as well as the related accretion driven by the time value of money. These adjustments were recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses. The fair value of earnout contingent consideration at December 31, 2016 was $10.5 million. The fair value of earnout contingent consideration is presented as long-term contingent consideration in our consolidated balance sheets. Note 21 — Employee Benefit Plans We maintain a retirement and profit sharing plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code for all of our domestic employees that meet certain qualifications. Participants in the plan may elect to contribute up to the maximum allowed by law. We match 50% of the participants’ contributions up to 15% of their gross salary in the form of newly issued shares of our common stock. We may also make other discretionary contributions to the plan. We recorded $0.9 million, $0.9 million and $0.8 million of expense for company contributions for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Note 22 — Business Combination On August 4, 2015, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the "APA") to acquire substantially all of the net assets of Ecolink Intelligent Technology, Inc. ("Ecolink"), a leading developer of smart home technology that designs, develops and manufactures a wide range of intelligent wireless security and home automation products. This transaction closed on August 31, 2015. The purchase price of $24.1 million was comprised of $12.9 million in cash and $11.2 million of contingent consideration. Additionally, we incurred $0.2 million in acquisition costs, consisting primarily of legal and accounting expenses, which are included within selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015. The acquisition of these assets will allow us to extend our product offerings to include home security and automation products previously marketed by Ecolink and to sell these products to our existing customers. Included in the net assets acquired from Ecolink was a 50% ownership interest in Encore Controls LLC ("Encore"), a developer of smart home technology that designs and sells intelligent wireless fire safety products for use in home security systems. At the time of acquisition, management determined that we were the primary beneficiary of Encore due to our ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Encore, and thus we consolidated the financial statements of Encore commencing on the acquisition date. The aggregate fair value of Encore’s net assets on the acquisition date was $0.7 million, of which $0.4 million was attributable to the noncontrolling interest. The fair value attributable to the noncontrolling interest was based on the noncontrolling interest's ownership percentage in the fair values of the assets and liabilities of Encore. On April 21, 2016, we sold our ownership interest in Encore to Encore's noncontrolling interest holder in exchange for full rights and ownership of Encore's patents and developed technology as well as the noncontrolling interest's portion of certain of Encore's tangible net assets. Additionally, as a condition of the sale of our ownership interest in Encore, we agreed to grant a royalty-free license to Encore for the use of Encore's developed technology and patents in connection with selling specific products to specific customers. As a result of this transaction, we no longer have any involvement with Encore other than the granting of this limited license. Upon deconsolidation, we recorded a gain of $65 thousand, based on the difference between the fair value of the net assets received and our ownership interest in Encore. This gain is presented in our consolidated income statement within other income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2016. Our consolidated income statement for the year ended December 31, 2016 includes net sales of $4.8 million and a net loss of $1.3 million attributable to Ecolink. Our consolidated income statement for the year ended December 31, 2015 includes net sales of $1.6 million and a net loss of $1.0 million attributable to Ecolink for the period commencing on August 31, 2015. 98 88 89 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 98 4/12/17 2:39 PM Contingent Consideration We are required to make annual earnout payments upon the achievement of certain operating income levels attributable to Ecolink over the five year period from 2016 through 2020. The amount of earnout contingent consideration has no upper limit and is calculated at the end of each calendar year based upon certain percentages of operating income target levels as defined in the APA. Ecolink's operating income will be calculated using certain revenues, costs and expenses directly attributable to Ecolink as specified in the APA. At the acquisition date, the value of earnout contingent consideration was estimated using a valuation methodology based on projections of future operating income calculated in accordance with the APA. Such projections were then discounted using an average discount rate of 15.5% to reflect the risk in achieving the projected operating income levels as well as the time value of money. The fair value measurement of the earnout contingent consideration was based primarily on significant inputs not observable in an active market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined under U.S. GAAP. At December 31, 2015 the fair value of the earnout contingent consideration was $11.8 million. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the fair value of the earnout contingent consideration decreased $1.3 million, primarily to reflect adjustments to the timing and amount of earnout payments as well as the related accretion driven by the time value of money. These adjustments were recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses. The fair value of earnout contingent consideration at December 31, 2016 was $10.5 million. The fair value of earnout contingent consideration is presented as long-term contingent consideration in our consolidated balance sheets. Note 21 — Employee Benefit Plans We maintain a retirement and profit sharing plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code for all of our domestic employees that meet certain qualifications. Participants in the plan may elect to contribute up to the maximum allowed by law. We match 50% of the participants’ contributions up to 15% of their gross salary in the form of newly issued shares of our common stock. We may also make other discretionary contributions to the plan. We recorded $0.9 million, $0.9 million and $0.8 million of expense for company contributions for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Note 22 — Business Combination On August 4, 2015, we entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the "APA") to acquire substantially all of the net assets of Ecolink Intelligent Technology, Inc. ("Ecolink"), a leading developer of smart home technology that designs, develops and manufactures a wide range of intelligent wireless security and home automation products. This transaction closed on August 31, 2015. The purchase price of $24.1 million was comprised of $12.9 million in cash and $11.2 million of contingent consideration. Additionally, we incurred $0.2 million in acquisition costs, consisting primarily of legal and accounting expenses, which are included within selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015. The acquisition of these assets will allow us to extend our product offerings to include home security and automation products previously marketed by Ecolink and to sell these products to our existing customers. Included in the net assets acquired from Ecolink was a 50% ownership interest in Encore Controls LLC ("Encore"), a developer of smart home technology that designs and sells intelligent wireless fire safety products for use in home security systems. At the time of acquisition, management determined that we were the primary beneficiary of Encore due to our ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Encore, and thus we consolidated the financial statements of Encore commencing on the acquisition date. The aggregate fair value of Encore’s net assets on the acquisition date was $0.7 million, of which $0.4 million was attributable to the noncontrolling interest. The fair value attributable to the noncontrolling interest was based on the noncontrolling interest's ownership percentage in the fair values of the assets and liabilities of Encore. On April 21, 2016, we sold our ownership interest in Encore to Encore's noncontrolling interest holder in exchange for full rights and ownership of Encore's patents and developed technology as well as the noncontrolling interest's portion of certain of Encore's tangible net assets. Additionally, as a condition of the sale of our ownership interest in Encore, we agreed to grant a royalty-free license to Encore for the use of Encore's developed technology and patents in connection with selling specific products to specific customers. As a result of this transaction, we no longer have any involvement with Encore other than the granting of this limited license. Upon deconsolidation, we recorded a gain of $65 thousand, based on the difference between the fair value of the net assets received and our ownership interest in Encore. This gain is presented in our consolidated income statement within other income (expense), net for the year ended December 31, 2016. Our consolidated income statement for the year ended December 31, 2016 includes net sales of $4.8 million and a net loss of $1.3 million attributable to Ecolink. Our consolidated income statement for the year ended December 31, 2015 includes net sales of $1.6 million and a net loss of $1.0 million attributable to Ecolink for the period commencing on August 31, 2015. 88 89 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 99 99 4/12/17 2:39 PM Purchase Price Allocation and reacquiring the customer base. Revenue and earnings projections were significant inputs into estimating the value of Using the acquisition method of accounting, the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred was allocated to the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Management's purchase price allocation was the following: Ecolink’s customer relationships. tax purposes. Pro Forma Results (Unaudited) The trade name, developed technology and customer relationships intangible assets are expected to be deductible for income (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Inventories Prepaid expenses and other current assets Property, plant and equipment Non-interest bearing liabilities Net tangible assets acquired Trade name Developed technology Customer relationships Goodwill Total purchase price Noncontrolling interest in Encore Net purchase price Less: Contingent consideration Cash paid Estimated Lives Fair Value 1-4 years 7 years 4-14 years 5 years $ $ 685 374 1,412 253 16 (1,557 ) 1,183 400 9,080 1,300 12,564 24,527 (378 ) 24,149 (11,200 ) 12,949 Management's determination of the fair value of intangible assets acquired was based primarily on significant inputs not observable in an active market and thus represent Level 3 fair value measurements as defined under U.S. GAAP. effects. The fair value assigned to Ecolink’s trade name intangible asset was determined utilizing a relief from royalty method. Under the relief from royalty method, the fair value of the intangible asset is estimated to be the present value of the royalties saved because the company owns the intangible asset. Revenue projections and estimated useful life were significant inputs into estimating the value of Ecolink’s trade name. The fair value assigned to Ecolink's developed technology was determined utilizing a multi-period excess earnings approach. Under the multi-period excess earnings approach, the fair value of the intangible asset is estimated to be the present value of future earnings attributable to the asset and utilizes revenue and cost projections, including an assumed contributory asset charge. The fair value assigned to Ecolink's customer relationships intangible asset was determined utilizing the with and without method. Under the with and without method, the fair value of the intangible asset is estimated based on the difference in projected earnings utilizing the existing Ecolink customer base versus projected earnings based on starting with no customers The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of our operations and the operations of Ecolink as if this transaction had occurred on January 1, 2014. This unaudited pro forma financial information is not intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations that would have been achieved had the acquisition actually been completed as of January 1, 2014, and should not be taken as a projection of the future consolidated results of our operations. Net sales Net income (In thousands, except per-share amounts) Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Basic earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Diluted earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 $ 606,872 $ 28,947 28,886 1.89 1.86 569,804 31,861 31,456 1.99 1.95 For purposes of determining pro forma net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc., adjustments were made to each period presented in the table above. The pro forma net income and net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. assumes that amortization of acquired intangible assets and of fair value adjustments related to inventories began at January 1, 2014 rather than on September 1, 2015. The result is a net increase in amortization expense of $1.3 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Additionally, acquisition costs totaling $0.2 million are excluded from pro forma net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. All adjustments have been made net of their related tax 100 90 91 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 100 4/12/17 2:39 PM Purchase Price Allocation Using the acquisition method of accounting, the acquisition date fair value of the consideration transferred was allocated to the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values on the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Management's purchase price allocation was the following: Estimated Lives Fair Value (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Inventories Prepaid expenses and other current assets Property, plant and equipment Non-interest bearing liabilities Net tangible assets acquired Trade name Developed technology Customer relationships Goodwill Total purchase price Noncontrolling interest in Encore Net purchase price Less: Contingent consideration Cash paid 1-4 years 7 years 4-14 years 5 years $ $ 685 374 1,412 253 16 1,183 400 9,080 1,300 (1,557 ) 12,564 24,527 (378 ) 24,149 (11,200 ) 12,949 Management's determination of the fair value of intangible assets acquired was based primarily on significant inputs not observable in an active market and thus represent Level 3 fair value measurements as defined under U.S. GAAP. The fair value assigned to Ecolink’s trade name intangible asset was determined utilizing a relief from royalty method. Under the relief from royalty method, the fair value of the intangible asset is estimated to be the present value of the royalties saved because the company owns the intangible asset. Revenue projections and estimated useful life were significant inputs into estimating the value of Ecolink’s trade name. The fair value assigned to Ecolink's developed technology was determined utilizing a multi-period excess earnings approach. Under the multi-period excess earnings approach, the fair value of the intangible asset is estimated to be the present value of future earnings attributable to the asset and utilizes revenue and cost projections, including an assumed contributory asset charge. The fair value assigned to Ecolink's customer relationships intangible asset was determined utilizing the with and without method. Under the with and without method, the fair value of the intangible asset is estimated based on the difference in projected earnings utilizing the existing Ecolink customer base versus projected earnings based on starting with no customers and reacquiring the customer base. Revenue and earnings projections were significant inputs into estimating the value of Ecolink’s customer relationships. The trade name, developed technology and customer relationships intangible assets are expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Pro Forma Results (Unaudited) The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of our operations and the operations of Ecolink as if this transaction had occurred on January 1, 2014. This unaudited pro forma financial information is not intended to represent or be indicative of the consolidated results of operations that would have been achieved had the acquisition actually been completed as of January 1, 2014, and should not be taken as a projection of the future consolidated results of our operations. (In thousands, except per-share amounts) Net sales Net income Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Basic earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Diluted earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. $ Year Ended December 31, 2015 606,872 $ 28,947 28,886 1.89 1.86 2014 569,804 31,861 31,456 1.99 1.95 For purposes of determining pro forma net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc., adjustments were made to each period presented in the table above. The pro forma net income and net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. assumes that amortization of acquired intangible assets and of fair value adjustments related to inventories began at January 1, 2014 rather than on September 1, 2015. The result is a net increase in amortization expense of $1.3 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Additionally, acquisition costs totaling $0.2 million are excluded from pro forma net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. All adjustments have been made net of their related tax effects. 90 91 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 101 101 4/12/17 2:39 PM Note 23 — Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) Summarized quarterly financial data is as follows: (In thousands, except per share amounts) March 31, June 30, September 30, 2016 Net sales Gross profit Operating income Net income Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. (1): Basic Diluted (In thousands, except per share amounts) Net sales Gross profit Operating income Net income Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc.(1): Basic Diluted $ $ $ $ $ $ 169,185 $ 41,785 8,121 7,807 7,807 December 31, 160,542 41,236 6,266 3,236 3,236 150,658 $ 37,647 3,041 2,743 2,721 170,986 $ 43,456 7,969 6,598 6,590 0.19 $ 0.19 $ 0.46 $ 0.45 $ 2015 132,705 $ 37,409 6,103 5,189 5,189 147,551 $ 40,280 10,400 8,375 8,375 March 31, June 30, September 30, 160,467 $ 42,809 9,033 6,274 6,271 December 31, 162,110 46,251 10,383 9,335 9,339 0.33 $ 0.32 $ 0.53 $ 0.52 $ 0.42 $ 0.41 $ 0.65 0.64 0.54 $ 0.53 $ 0.22 0.22 disclosure. (1) The earnings per common share calculations for each of the quarters were based upon the weighted average number of shares and share equivalents outstanding during each period, and the sum of the quarters may not be equal to the full year earnings per share amounts. 102 92 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 102 4/12/17 2:39 PM CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Disclosure Controls and Procedures Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(d) defines "disclosure controls and procedures" to mean controls and procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. The definition further states that disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive and principal financial officers have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of the end of the period covered by this report, to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Because of inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, we evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the 2013 Internal Control- Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO") in Internal Control Integrated Framework. Based on our evaluation under this framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2016. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016 has been audited by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its attestation report which is included herein. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There have been no changes in internal controls or in other factors that may significantly affect our internal controls during the fourth quarter of 2016. 93 94 Note 23 — Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) Summarized quarterly financial data is as follows: (In thousands, except per share amounts) Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Net sales Gross profit Operating income Net income Inc. (1): Basic Diluted Net sales Gross profit Operating income Net income Inc.(1): Basic Diluted Net income attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. Earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics 2016 March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, $ 150,658 $ 170,986 $ 169,185 $ 37,647 3,041 2,743 2,721 43,456 7,969 6,598 6,590 41,785 8,121 7,807 7,807 $ $ 0.19 $ 0.19 $ 0.54 $ 0.53 $ 0.22 0.22 0.46 $ 0.45 $ 2015 37,409 6,103 5,189 5,189 40,280 10,400 8,375 8,375 42,809 9,033 6,274 6,271 160,542 41,236 6,266 3,236 3,236 162,110 46,251 10,383 9,335 9,339 $ $ 0.33 $ 0.32 $ 0.53 $ 0.52 $ 0.42 $ 0.41 $ 0.65 0.64 (In thousands, except per share amounts) March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, $ 132,705 $ 147,551 $ 160,467 $ (1) The earnings per common share calculations for each of the quarters were based upon the weighted average number of shares and share equivalents outstanding during each period, and the sum of the quarters may not be equal to the full year earnings per share amounts. 92 CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Disclosure Controls and Procedures Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(d) defines "disclosure controls and procedures" to mean controls and procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. The definition further states that disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive and principal financial officers have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of the end of the period covered by this report, to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Because of inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, we evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the 2013 Internal Control- Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO") in Internal Control Integrated Framework. Based on our evaluation under this framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2016. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016 has been audited by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its attestation report which is included herein. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There have been no changes in internal controls or in other factors that may significantly affect our internal controls during the fourth quarter of 2016. 93 103 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 103 4/12/17 2:39 PM 94 The following graph and table compares the cumulative total stockholder return with respect to our common stock versus the cumulative total return of the Standard & Poor's Small Cap 600 (the "S&P Small Cap 600"), the NASDAQ Composite Index, and the Peer Group Index for the five year period ended December 31, 2016. The comparison assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2011 in each of our common stock, S&P Small Cap 600, the NASDAQ Composite Index, and the Peer Group Index and that all dividends were reinvested. We have not paid any dividends and, therefore, our cumulative total return calculation is based solely upon stock price appreciation and not upon reinvestment of dividends. The graph and table depicts year-end values based on actual market value increases and decreases relative to the initial investment of $100, based on information provided for each calendar year by the NASDAQ Stock Market and the New York Stock Exchange. The comparisons in the graph and table below are based on historical data and are not intended to forecast the possible future performance of our common stock. REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Performance Chart Board of Directors and Stockholders Universal Electronics Inc. We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Universal Electronics Inc. (a Delaware corporation) (the "Company") as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016, and our report dated March 9, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. /s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP Los Angeles, California March 9, 2017 104 95 96 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 104 4/12/17 2:39 PM REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Performance Chart The following graph and table compares the cumulative total stockholder return with respect to our common stock versus the cumulative total return of the Standard & Poor's Small Cap 600 (the "S&P Small Cap 600"), the NASDAQ Composite Index, and the Peer Group Index for the five year period ended December 31, 2016. The comparison assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2011 in each of our common stock, S&P Small Cap 600, the NASDAQ Composite Index, and the Peer Group Index and that all dividends were reinvested. We have not paid any dividends and, therefore, our cumulative total return calculation is based solely upon stock price appreciation and not upon reinvestment of dividends. The graph and table depicts year-end values based on actual market value increases and decreases relative to the initial investment of $100, based on information provided for each calendar year by the NASDAQ Stock Market and the New York Stock Exchange. The comparisons in the graph and table below are based on historical data and are not intended to forecast the possible future performance of our common stock. Board of Directors and Stockholders Universal Electronics Inc. We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Universal Electronics Inc. (a Delaware corporation) (the "Company") as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016, and our report dated March 9, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements. /s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP Los Angeles, California March 9, 2017 95 96 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 105 105 4/12/17 2:39 PM NON-GAAP FINANCIAL METRICS Use of Non-GAAP Financial Metrics In addition to reporting financial results in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, UEI provides Adjusted Non-GAAP information as additional information for its operating results. References to Adjusted Non-GAAP information are to non-GAAP financial measures. These measures are not required by, in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. UEI’s management uses these measures for reviewing the financial results of UEI, for budget planning purposes, and for making operational and financial decisions and believes that providing these non-GAAP financial measures to investors helps investors evaluate UEI’s operating and financial performance and business trends consistent with how management evaluates such performance and trends. Additionally, management believes these measures facilitate comparisons with the operating and financial results and business trends of competitors and other companies. Adjusted Non-GAAP net sales is defined as net sales excluding the impact of stock-based compensation for performance-based warrants. Adjusted Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share is defined as diluted earnings per share excluding stock-based compensation expense; cost of goods sold and depreciation expense related to the increase in inventories and fixed assets from cost to fair market value resulting from acquisitions; excess manufacturing overhead; acquisition related expenses; amortization of intangible assets acquired in business combinations; costs incurred for years preceding the acquisition of Enson Assets Limited; employee related restructuring costs; costs associated with moving our corporate headquarters; litigation settlement costs; changes in contingent consideration related to acquisitions; the related tax effects of the aforementioned adjustments; and the impact of adjustments to certain deferred tax assets and liabilities resulting from tax incentives, tax law changes, and a factory transition. A reconciliation of these Adjusted Non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP 12/31/2011 12/31/2012 12/31/2013 12/31/2014 12/31/2015 Universal Electronics Inc. S&P Small Cap 600 NASDAQ Composite Index Peer Group Index (1) $ $ $ $ 100 $ 100 $ 100 $ 100 $ 115 $ 115 $ 116 $ 97 $ 226 $ 160 $ 160 $ 152 $ 385 $ 167 $ 182 $ 185 $ 12/31/2016 383 202 207 198 304 $ 162 $ 192 $ 157 $ (1) Companies in the Peer Group Index are as follows: TiVo Corporation (formerly Rovi Corporation), Logitech International, Dolby Laboratories, Inc., Harman International Industries, Inc., and VOXX International Corp. DTS Inc. was previously included in the Peer Group Index but has been removed due to its acquisition in December 2016 by Tessera Holding Corporation. The information presented above is as of December 31, 2011 through December 31, 2016. This information should not be deemed to be "soliciting material" or to be "filed" with the SEC or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act nor should this information be incorporated by reference into any prior or future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that we specifically incorporate it by reference into a filing. Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol UEIC. The closing price of our common stock as reported by NASDAQ on March 6, 2017 was $68.30. Our stockholders of record on March 6, 2017 numbered 110. We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock, nor do we currently intend to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We intend to retain our earnings, if any, for the future operation and expansion of our business. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sale prices for our common stock, as reported by NASDAQ: financial measures follows. First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter 2016 2015 $ High Low High Low 65.81 $ 72.31 80.42 75.20 45.20 $ 58.97 70.02 52.90 66.75 $ 58.98 52.55 53.67 54.03 48.81 41.61 40.28 106 97 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 106 4/12/17 2:39 PM Universal Electronics Inc. S&P Small Cap 600 NASDAQ Composite Index Peer Group Index (1) 12/31/2011 12/31/2012 12/31/2013 12/31/2014 12/31/2015 12/31/2016 $ $ $ $ 100 $ 100 $ 100 $ 100 $ 115 $ 115 $ 116 $ 97 $ 226 $ 160 $ 160 $ 152 $ 385 $ 167 $ 182 $ 185 $ 304 $ 162 $ 192 $ 157 $ 383 202 207 198 (1) Companies in the Peer Group Index are as follows: TiVo Corporation (formerly Rovi Corporation), Logitech International, Dolby Laboratories, Inc., Harman International Industries, Inc., and VOXX International Corp. DTS Inc. was previously included in the Peer Group Index but has been removed due to its acquisition in December 2016 by Tessera Holding Corporation. The information presented above is as of December 31, 2011 through December 31, 2016. This information should not be deemed to be "soliciting material" or to be "filed" with the SEC or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act nor should this information be incorporated by reference into any prior or future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that we specifically incorporate it by reference into a filing. Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol UEIC. The closing price of our common stock as reported by NASDAQ on March 6, 2017 was $68.30. Our stockholders of record on March 6, 2017 numbered 110. We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock, nor do we currently intend to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We intend to retain our earnings, if any, for the future operation and expansion of our business. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sale prices for our common stock, as reported by NASDAQ: First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter 2016 2015 High Low High Low $ 65.81 $ 45.20 $ 66.75 $ 72.31 80.42 75.20 58.97 70.02 52.90 58.98 52.55 53.67 54.03 48.81 41.61 40.28 NON-GAAP FINANCIAL METRICS Use of Non-GAAP Financial Metrics In addition to reporting financial results in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, UEI provides Adjusted Non-GAAP information as additional information for its operating results. References to Adjusted Non-GAAP information are to non-GAAP financial measures. These measures are not required by, in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. UEI’s management uses these measures for reviewing the financial results of UEI, for budget planning purposes, and for making operational and financial decisions and believes that providing these non-GAAP financial measures to investors helps investors evaluate UEI’s operating and financial performance and business trends consistent with how management evaluates such performance and trends. Additionally, management believes these measures facilitate comparisons with the operating and financial results and business trends of competitors and other companies. Adjusted Non-GAAP net sales is defined as net sales excluding the impact of stock-based compensation for performance-based warrants. Adjusted Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share is defined as diluted earnings per share excluding stock-based compensation expense; cost of goods sold and depreciation expense related to the increase in inventories and fixed assets from cost to fair market value resulting from acquisitions; excess manufacturing overhead; acquisition related expenses; amortization of intangible assets acquired in business combinations; costs incurred for years preceding the acquisition of Enson Assets Limited; employee related restructuring costs; costs associated with moving our corporate headquarters; litigation settlement costs; changes in contingent consideration related to acquisitions; the related tax effects of the aforementioned adjustments; and the impact of adjustments to certain deferred tax assets and liabilities resulting from tax incentives, tax law changes, and a factory transition. A reconciliation of these Adjusted Non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures follows. 97 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 107 107 4/12/17 2:39 PM Reconciliation of Adjusted Non-GAAP Financial Results (Unaudited) (In thousands, except per share data) Net sales: Net sales – GAAP Stock-based compensation for performance-based warrants Adjusted Non-GAAP net sales Diluted earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc.: Diluted earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. – GAAP $ $ $ Stock-based compensation for performance-based warrants Depreciation of acquired fixed assets(1) Fair value adjustments to acquired inventories(2) Excess manufacturing overhead(3) Amortization of acquired intangible assets Stock-based compensation expense Employee related restructuring costs Litigation settlement costs Acquisition related costs Change in contingent consideration Income tax impact of adjustments Other income tax adjustments(4) Adjustments attributable to noncontrolling interest Year Ended December 31, 2016 2015 2014 651,371 $ 2,728 654,099 $ 602,833 $ — 602,833 $ 562,329 — 562,329 $ 1.38 0.18 0.07 0.01 0.22 0.34 0.70 0.34 0.13 — (0.09 ) (0.48 ) 0.11 (0.0 ) $ 1.88 — 0.06 0.01 — 0.23 0.51 0.07 0.30 0.01 0.04 (0.36 ) 0.04 — 2.01 — 0.06 — — 0.19 0.40 0.05 — — — (0.17 ) 0.01 — Adjusted Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share attributable to Universal Electronics Inc. $ 2.91 $ 2.79 $ 2.55 (1) (2) Depreciation related to the mark-up from cost to fair value of fixed assets acquired in business combinations. Effect of fair value adjustments to inventories acquired as part of the Ecolink Intelligent Technology, Inc. business combination and sold through during the period. (3) Excess manufacturing overhead incurred resulting from the transition of manufacturing activities from our Guangzhou factory to our other three China factories. (4) The year ended December 31, 2016 includes a $0.06 impact from a deferred tax valuation allowance adjustment related to the pending sale of our Guangzhou factory and a $0.05 impact from a deferred tax adjustment resulting from a lower statutory tax rate due to tax incentives at one of our China factories. The years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 each include adjustments with an impact of $0.04 related to the write-off of acquisition-related deferred tax assets resulting from a tax law change in China. The year ended December 31, 2014 also includes an adjustment to net deferred tax assets with an impact of $0.03 resulting from the expiration of a tax holiday at one of our factories in China. 108 38165_Guts_Part3-4_r4.indd 108 4/12/17 2:39 PM CORPORATE INFORMATION ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS CERTIFICATIONS June 5, 2017 4:00 p.m. PT Universal Electronics Inc. 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, 8th Floor Santa Ana, CA 92707 The Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as Exhibit 31 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 2016 fiscal year, certifications of its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer regarding the quality of the Company’s public disclosures. FORM 10-K Any stockholder who desires a copy of the Company’s 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission may obtain a copy (excluding exhibits) without charge by addressing a request to: Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Grant Thornton LLP Los Angeles, California Registrar & Transfer Agent Computershare 211 Quality Circle, Suite 210 College Station, TX 77845 (800) 368-5948 Investor Relations Universal Electronics Inc. 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, 8th Floor Santa Ana, CA 92707 A charge equal to the reproduction cost will be made if the exhibits are requested. Universal Electronics’ Internet address is www.uei.com. Universal Electronics makes available through its Internet website its annual report on Form 10-K. Investors may also obtain a copy of our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K, including exhibits, from the “Investor” section of our website at www.uei.com, clicking on “SEC Filings”. INTERNET USERS We invite you to learn more about UEI’s business and growth opportunities by visiting the “Investor” section of our website at www.uei.com. This section includes investor presentations, earnings conference calls, press releases, SEC filings, company history, and information about the company’s governance and Board of Directors. WORLDWIDE HEADQUARTERS ASIAN HEADQUARTERS EUROPEAN HEADQUARTERS Universal Electronics Inc. 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, 8th Floor Santa Ana, CA 92707 USA 714-918-9500 UEI Hong Kong Private Ltd. 902-908, 9th Floor One Harbourfront 18 Tak Fung Street Hung Hom, Kowloon Hong Kong, China 852-2634-1333 Universal Electronics BV Colosseum 2 7521 PT, Enschede The Netherlands 31-53-488-8000 Universal Electronics Inc. is an equal opportunity employer. INVESTOR INFORMATIONDIRECTORSOFFICERSPaul D. Arling*Chairman and Chief Executive OfficerUniversal Electronics Inc.Santa Ana, CaliforniaSatjiv S. Chahil 2, 3Innovations Advisor and Social Entrepreneur Palo Alto, CaliforniaWilliam C. Mulligan 1, 3Managing PartnerPrimus Capital FundsPrivate Equity FirmCleveland, OhioJ.C. Sparkman 2, 3Retired Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Telecommunications, Inc. (TCI)Denver, ColoradoGregory P. Stapleton 2Founder and ChairmanFalcon One EnterprisesPrivate Equity FirmWestlake Village, CaliforniaCarl E. Vogel 1Industry Advisor, KKR & Co., LPPrivate Equity FirmSenior Advisor, Dish NetworkA Leader in Multi-channel VideoCherry Hills Village, ColoradoEdward K. Zinser 1Financial Executive and Chief Financial OfficerScottsdale, ArizonaPaul D. Arling*Chairman and Chief Executive OfficerBryan M. Hackworth*Senior Vice President and Chief Financial OfficerLouis S. Hughes*Chief Operating OfficerDavid Chong*Executive Vice President - AsiaMenno V. Koopmans*Managing Director, EMEARichard A. Firehammer, Jr.*Senior Vice President,General Counsel and SecretaryRamzi S. AmmariSenior Vice President,Corporate Planning and StrategyBanley ChanSenior Vice President,Strategic OperationsGilbert Fung, Ph.D.Senior Vice President,Sales – AsiaStephen GutmanSenior Vice President,Subscription Broadcast Unit – AmericasJoseph L. HaughawoutSenior Vice President,Product DevelopmentMichael LambPresident,Ecolink Intellingent Technogy, Inc.Alexander LiewSenior Vice President,Global Supply ChainHrag G. OhannessianSenior Vice President,OEM/Satellite Business Unit – AmericasJim PoonSenior Vice President,Asia OperationsNorman G. Sheridan, Ph.D.Senior Vice President,Engineering1 Member, Audit Committee2 Member, Compensation Committee3 Member, Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee* Executive Officer as defined by the Security Exchange Act of 1934.

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