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UPS
Annual Report 2003

UPS · NYSE Industrials
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Ticker UPS
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Industry Integrated Freight & Logistics
Employees 10,000+
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FY2003 Annual Report · UPS
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We see…

55 Glenlake Parkway, NE
Atlanta, GA 30328
www.ups.com

UPS Annual Report 2003

…a world of opportunity.

We see a company with a strong vision and the agility to 

execute that vision — synchronizing global commerce. 

Letter to shareowners 
We see growth  
We see a world of opportunity 
UPS senior leadership 
Financial highlights 
Selected financial data 
Financial table of contents 
Investor information 

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Copyright © 2004 United Parcel Service of America, Inc. All rights reserved.

Vision. Execution. Growth. At UPS, we know success begins by seeing 

opportunities to grow the business. With a powerful brand, rapidly expanding 

capabilities, and a fi nely tuned network, we see a world of opportunity. 

Dear fellow shareowners,

At UPS, we see a world poised for 
strong and sustainable growth. And, 
we see a company positioned to 
capitalize on that growth.

Mike Eskew
Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer

The global economic sluggishness of the past three years 
is giving way to growing consumer optimism, greater 
business investment, decreasing inventory-to-sales 
ratios, and a renewed commitment to innovation, 
execution, and growth.

Over the past year, I’ve had the opportunity to meet 

with scores of customers and hear their stories about 
the need to rethink their business models and the way 
in which they interact with their customers, suppliers, 
partners, and employees. They talk about new tech-
nologies, emerging global markets, and supply chain 
strategies to reach those markets. I walk away from 
these meetings energized because I sense that this world 
in transition bodes extremely well for UPS. Our people, 
customers, and shareowners sense it too.

U.S. Package Business Remains Strong

Five years ago, we extended our mission beyond 
package delivery to enabling global commerce by 
creating new services that bring buyers and sellers 
closer together. At the same time, we said that our U.S. 
package delivery business would remain important to 
our future growth. It still is. In 2003, we began to 
reengineer our U.S. operations on a scale unmatched 
in the history of our industry.

We initiated a $600 million investment in new 

package flow technologies that will help us simplify the 
loading and delivery process, improve customer service, 
reduce vehicle mileage by more than 100 million miles 
each year, and save 14 million gallons of fuel annu-
ally. When fully implemented in 2007, we expect a 
$600 million savings in annual operating costs and the 
opportunity to create new services and solutions for 
our customers.

Our U.S. operations gained significant momentum 

over the course of 2003. U.S. domestic volume in-
creased 4.9 percent for the fourth quarter in contrast 
to a 1.2 percent decline in the first quarter. In 2004, we 
anticipate volume growth will be about 4 percent, 
with margins continuing to improve.

Part of that momentum was driven by the 

opportunity we gave to Mail Boxes Etc. franchisees 
in the United States to convert to The UPS Store.TM 
More than 3,000, or almost 90 percent, did so. The 
UPS Store is an important channel in our growing 
number of customer access points, which now include 
more than 125,000 points of entry through our drivers, 
customer centers, and drop boxes. 

The stores give us a platform to launch new services 

in the coming years. They are a central part of our 
retail strategy that is guided by the forces of e-commerce 
and consumer pull, the expanding ranks of entrepre-
neurs, and the growing numbers of home office and 
mobile corporate workers.

International Growth Drives Industry-Leading Profits

Five years ago, we told the world that our international 
business showed great promise as advances in tech-
nology, consumer empowerment, and deregulation 
were making it easier — and indeed imperative — 
for businesses and societies to trade more freely with 
one another.

Today, our international business has arrived. 
In fact, our international operating margin is higher 
than it’s ever been. This is due to well-established 
customer relationships that have been enhanced through 
technology and an expansive product portfolio that 
addresses local, regional, and global distribution and 
supply chain needs.

In 2003, our international segment had a record year 

with operating profit of $709 million, a 128 percent 
increase over adjusted 2002 results. In fact, over the 
past five years, international operating profits have 
grown more than 200 percent — driven by a favorable 
combination of good operations management, cost 
control, economies of scale, excellent yield manage-
ment, a strong product mix, and favorable currency 
exchange rates.

Letter to shareowners   3

Mike Eskew

Chairman and 

Chief Executive Officer

Financial highlights

IN MILLIONS 

Revenue 

Operating Expenses 

Net Income (Adjusted) 

Diluted Earnings Per Share (Adjusted) 

Assets 

Capital Expenditures 

Long-Term Debt 

Shareowners’ Equity 

2003 

33,485 

29,040 

2,772(1) 

2.44(1) 

28,909 

1,947 

3,149 

14,852 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2002 

% CHANGE 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

31,272 

27,176 

2,422(2) 

2.14(2) 

26,357 

1,658 

3,495 

12,455 

7.1%

6.9%

14.5%

14.0%

9.7%

17.4%

(9.9%)

19.2%

(1) 2003 excludes after-tax gain from sale of Mail Technologies ($14 million, $0.01 per share) and Aviation Technologies ($15 million, $0.01 per share), gain on redemption of long-term 

debt ($18 million, $0.02 per share), impairment of investments ($37 million, $0.03 per share) and credits to income tax expense for a lower effective state tax rate in the fourth quarter 
($39 million, $0.03 per share), the resolution of various tax contingencies ($55 million, $0.05 per share), and a favorable ruling on the tax treatment of jet engine maintenance costs 
($22 million, $0.02 per share).

(2) 2002 excludes after-tax impact of tax assessment reversal ($776 million, $0.68 per share), credit from vacation policy change ($121 million, $0.11 per share), restructuring charge 

and related expenses ($65 million, $0.06 per share), and charge upon adoption of FAS 142 ($72 million, $0.06 per share).

Our international network gained expanded reach 
in 2003 with the award of 12 frequencies to fl y beyond 
Hong Kong and connect to Cologne, Germany, and to 
our intra-Asia hub in the Philippines.

Asia, in particular, remains an important link in our 
international strategy. Export volume from China alone 
has doubled since the launch of air services to Beijing 
and Shanghai in 2001.

In Europe, we continue to see solid export volume 

growth, and we continue to expand our network to 
handle even more. We recently began construction on a 
$135 million, 30,000-square-meter facility at Cologne/
Bonn Airport in Germany, which will be the largest 
UPS facility outside the United States. And, we’re 
expanding our operations in the 10 countries slated to 
join the European Union.

For our customers and shareowners, partnering 
with UPS has proven to be a powerful and profitable 
way to participate in the growth of global commerce.

Synchronizing Commerce For Our Customers

Five years ago, we talked about supply chain manage-
ment mostly in conceptual terms. We talked about 
coordinating business processes to help companies 
operate more efficiently and serve their customers 
better.

Today, UPS Supply Chain Solutions is a $2 billion- 

plus business that is helping companies like IBM, 
National Semiconductor, Nikon, and others streamline 
their distribution systems, reach markets faster, serve 
customers better, and achieve their business plan goals.

4   UPS Annual Report 2003

 
 
 
 
 
 
In 2003, UPS Supply Chain Solutions successfully 
integrated more than 20 acquisitions made over the 
preceding four years. This integration, coupled with 
concentrated cross-enterprise sales efforts, has resulted 
in growth and steadily improving profit margins that 
we believe will continue to expand in 2004.

We’re encouraged by customer interest in UPS’s 
comprehensive supply chain management services, 
which include handling our customers’ air and ocean 
freight, configuring and managing their warehouses and 
distribution systems, helping them manage returns and 
service-parts replacement, and financing their inventory, 
among other services.

Ensuring Future Stakeholder Value

Globalization and technology advancements continue 
to fuel greater worldwide economic opportunity, 
mobility, spending power, entrepreneurial activity, and 
multinational business expansion. This means a bright 
future for our business segments. In fact, by 2007, we 
anticipate operating margins of more than 15 percent in 
each of our business segments.

We’re also excited by the momentum that is build-

ing through the launch of the new UPS brandmark 
— only the fourth change to our corporate identity 
since our founding in 1907. The rebranding effort is 
the largest in corporate history and has already made 
tremendous inroads in enhancing awareness of UPS’s 
expanding capabilities.

But, the success of UPS extends beyond our brand 
awareness and financial performance to our social and 
environmental responsibilities. In the fall, we unveiled 
our first Corporate Sustainability Report that analyzes 
the progress we’ve made — and the challenges that lie 
ahead — in areas of economic, social, and environ-
mental performance. Running a sustainable company 
is good for business and for the world we live in and 
has been ingrained in UPS culture since our founding in 
1907. This report shows how that philosophy is mani-
fested in our operations around the globe. 

We see every aspect of our business working cohe-
sively to synchronize commerce — helping companies 
simultaneously manage goods, information, and funds 
with speed, precision, security, and efficiency.

Customers tell us they need the strategic advantages 
gained by synchronizing every aspect of their business 
operations, from order-entry through delivery and 
returns. For UPS, this means offering new services made 
possible by our integrated global network, powerful 
technologies, intellectual capital, and the service ethic 
of some 355,000 UPS people around the globe who 
have made our company one of the world’s most 
admired businesses.

We believe the world of synchronized commerce — 

and its promise of bringing businesses, economies, 
cultures, and people closer together — will continue 
to create significant benefits for our customers, 
shareowners, and employees around the world.

As we enter 2004, we see a company with a strong 

vision and the agility to execute that vision.

 At UPS, we see a world of opportunity.

Michael L. Eskew
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Letter to shareowners   5

We see growth in all segments of our business.

2003 Highlights

International Package

Air and ground shipment of packages that cross 
countries’ borders, including packages shipped 
into and out of the United States, referred to as 
“international export.” This segment also includes 
packages shipped within the borders of a non-U.S. 
country, referred to as “international domestic.”

2003 Highlights

•  Operating margin of 12.7% was the highest 
  ever for this business
•  Adjusted operating profi t was up 128%
•  Export volume up 8.6%; Asia, Canada, and 

the Americas all up over 10%

•  Awarded 12 air rights that connect Hong Kong 
to our international hub in Cologne, Germany, 

  and to our intra-Asia hub in the Philippines
•  Began expansion of our international air hub in  
  Cologne, Germany, to double sorting capacity

2004 Outlook*
•  Export volume expected to increase 8% or more
•  Operating margin expected to continue expanding
•  Operating profi t should increase about 20%
•  Air and ground network expanding in the 10   
  countries slated to join the European Union in 2004

*  The statements made under “2004 Outlook” are forward-looking statements that involve  
  certain risks and uncertainties. Many factors may cause actual results to differ materially  
from those contained in the forward-looking statements, including the factors set forth in  
this annual report under the heading “Risk Factors.”

International Package Revenue
(in billions)

International Package Adjusted Operating Profit(1)
(in millions)

•  Adjusted earnings per share increased 14%
•  Quarterly dividend increased 32%
•  Return on equity over 20%
•  Introduced new corporate brand for the fi rst 
time in over 40 years to symbolize the broad 

  scope of UPS services and capabilities, in 
  addition to package delivery
•  Published fi rst Corporate Sustainability Report

2003 Revenue by Segment
(in billions)

$2.9

$5.6

$25.0

2003 Operating Profit by Segment
(in millions)

$464

$709

$3,272

6   UPS Annual Report 2003

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Non-Package

U.S. Domestic Package

Operations outside of the traditional delivery of 
packages. Includes UPS Capital, Mail Innovations, 
retail operations (The UPS Store and Mail Boxes Etc. 
franchises), consulting, insurance, and UPS Supply 
Chain Solutions. UPS Supply Chain Solutions is the 
largest component of the non-package segment and 
provides international management of customer 
supply chains, consisting of transportation manage-
ment, freight forwarding services, international 
customs brokerage, international trade management, 
service parts logistics, inventory fulfillment, and 
distribution services.

2003 Highlights

•  Successfully completed integration of more than 
  20 UPS Supply Chain Solutions acquisitions made  
  over the preceding four years
•  Completed restructuring of UPS Supply Chain 
  Solutions operations, resulting in more than $100 
  million profit improvement in the segment

2004 Outlook*

•  Operating profit expected to increase 
  $50 million or more
•  Supply chain revenues expected to improve 
  by more than 10%
•  Supply chain operating margin expected to increase 
  100 to 200 basis points

Air and ground shipment of packages within the 50 
states. Includes next-day delivery, deferred delivery, 
which is air with a two- to three-day delivery 
commitment, and ground delivery, which has a 
one- to five-day delivery commitment.

2003 Highlights

•  Began implementation of new package flow  

technologies, based on data- and technology-driven 
  platforms, to simplify and optimize package sorting 
  and delivery; $600 million investment in 1,000 

facilities expected to result in $600 million annual  

  savings fully realized in 2007
•  Provided opportunity for more than 3,000 Mail 
  Boxes Etc. franchisees to rebrand to The UPS Store
•  Implemented largest time-in-transit improvements in 
  seven years, slashing a day off many previous delivery
times without changing rates or pickup/delivery hours

2004 Outlook*

•  Domestic volume expected to increase about 4%
•  Domestic operating margin expected to increase 
  100 basis points

Non-Package Revenue
(in billions)

Non-Package Adjusted Operating Profit(1)
(in millions)

U.S. Domestic Package Revenue
(in billions)

U.S. Domestic Package Adjusted Operating(1) 
Profit (in billions)

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(1) 2000 Non-package operating profit excludes $49 million gain on sale of UPS Truck Leasing; 2000 U.S. Domestic package operating profit excludes $59 million charge related to arbitration ruling on 
Teamsters contract; 2002 excludes credit to operating profit from change in vacation policy for non-union employees ($175 million - U.S. Domestic, $11 million - International, $11 million - Non-package); 
2002 Non-package excludes $106 million restructuring charge and related expenses.

We see growth  7

 
 
 
 
 
 
We see $600 million in operational effi ciencies.

By investing hundreds of millions in leading-edge package fl ow 
technologies, we are improving upon what was already a highly 
effi cient U.S. package network.

8   UPS Annual Report 2003

We see $600 million in operational effi ciencies.

For nearly a century we’ve innovated, perfected, 
and invested in our network to create a system that 
runs like clockwork. Our uniquely integrated 
business model, which fl ows packages of all kinds 
through one system, and our use of technology 
differentiate UPS, allowing for optimum performance 
and the broadest capabilities. 

Most recently, we’ve begun implementing new 
operational technologies that allow us to use precise 
package information to streamline our operations. 
In addition, new routing and dispatch technologies 
are expected to reduce miles driven by more than 
100 million per year and save 14 million gallons 
of fuel annually. They are expected to save more than 
$600 million annually once fully operational in 2007.
These industry-leading technologies will allow 
UPS to be even more nimble in our responsiveness to 
individual customer needs and ultimately create the 
potential for proactive services.

Facts:

•  UPS WorldportSM processes in excess of 304,000 packages  
  per hour.

•  Our mobile radio network transmits more than 3 million    
  packets of tracking data each day.

•  Our mainframe capacity allows the transmission of more    

than 22 million instructions per second.

•  UPS shipping tools are embedded in more than 
  65,000 customer Web sites.

•  Using Global Positioning Satellite technology, we will  
  have the capability to pinpoint a package within 30 feet  
  of its location.

We see…   9

 
 
We see great opportunity in a $3 trillion industry.

Our rapidly expanding capabilities help customers manage the
complexity of global commerce and establish us as a leader in 
a vast supply chain and logistics marketplace.

10   UPS Annual Report 2003

We see great opportunity in a $3 trillion industry.

At UPS, we’re operating as an increasingly globalized 
and synchronized business that is in step with a 
changing world marketplace. UPS Supply Chain 
Solutions provides customized solutions, taking 
advantage of the full strength of our small package 
network and creating deeper relationships with         
our customers.

With more than 750 worldwide distribution centers, 
we’re simplifying complex supply chains for businesses 
through multimodal freight shipments, customs 
clearance, order and inventory management, returns, 
parts distribution, international trade support, and 
fi nancial services.

By doing so, we allow customers to focus on what 

they do best while we help increase their cash fl ow, 
improve service to their customers, differentiate their 
products from competitors, and fi nd new ways to 
reach their customers around the world with effi ciency 
and ease.

Facts:

•  UPS Supply Chain Solutions has operations in more 

than 120 countries around the world.

•  UPS Supply Chain Solutions fi les more than 

4 million customs entries in the United States, 
making it the nation’s largest broker.

•  UPS Supply Chain Solutions has hundreds of engineers 
to help remap supply chains for greater effi ciency and  
market responsiveness.

•  UPS Supply Chain Solutions was rated as the No. 1  

logistics provider in Inbound Logistics’ annual “Top 10  
3PL Excellence Award” survey.

•  UPS is ranked as the largest third-party logistics provider 

in North America by Traffi c World magazine.

We see…   11

 
 
 
We see more than 125,000 ways to connect.

Through drop boxes, retail outlets, and customer centers — even 
through our more than 70,000 drivers — we offer customers a 
broad range of access points.

12   UPS Annual Report 2003

We see more than 125,000 ways to connect.

By expanding and diversifying our customer access 
points, we not only offer customers convenience and 
accessibility, we’re also invigorating our U.S. ground 
business and increasing our brand presence.

Facts:

•  We have 4,500 retail locations worldwide — more than  

all other franchised shipping chains put together.

The UPS Store locations offer a full range of shipping 

•  In the United States and Canada, we have more 

and business services and represent a considerable 
package volume opportunity. Store locations have seen 
signifi cant increases in UPS volume from both small 
businesses and retail customers. In fact, since the 
more than 3,000 Mail Boxes Etc. centers in the United 
States opted to convert to The UPS Store in March 
2003, their UPS volume has more than doubled.

UPS also has thousands of drop boxes strategically 
located near businesses and retail areas for air express 
and expedited shipments, as well as in-store shipping 
and third-party retail pack-and-ship locations. What’s 
more, customers can give their packages to any of 
our drivers who deliver more than 13 million packages 
and documents to customer loading docks, offi ces, and 
homes every day around the world.

than 41,000 drop boxes.

•  There are 7,500 third-party retail pack-and-ship locations.

•  We operate 1,400 customer centers within our operating  

facilities worldwide.

•  We have more than 12,900 in-store shipping locations  

and commercial counters.

We see…   13  

 
 
We see 4 billion addresses.

Spanning the globe, we deliver more than 13.6 million packages 
and documents to customers in more than 200 countries and 
territories every day. 

14   UPS Annual Report 2003

We see 4 billion addresses.

As the only company in the industry with an integrated  
global network and a substantial presence in every 
major market around the world, we saw international 
operating profi t more than double in 2003. Our 
international export volume has grown at an annual 
compound rate of more than 13 percent in the last fi ve 
years, generating the best margins in the industry.

Globalization has helped spur such growth, and 
our unparalleled product portfolio offers solutions 
addressing customers’ local, regional, and global 
needs. Those solutions are possible through our use of 
sophisticated technologies, allowing us to consolidate 
shipments, speed packages through customs, and 
improve transit times.

We continue to expand our presence throughout the 
world via additional air rights and routes in Asia, and 
we’re building upon our already extensive network 
with new facilities in Vancouver, Canada and Cologne, 
Germany. We’re also set to expand our pan-European 
air and ground network in the 10 countries that are 
joining the European Union.

Facts:

•  We serve more than 850 airports around the world, 
  fl ying more than 1,800 fl ight segments each day.

•  We operate the 11th largest airline in the world.

•  Local country management people average 14 years 
  of UPS experience.

•  With expanded air rights to Hong Kong, we now offer  
  direct service to our two largest hubs in Europe and Asia    
  and enhanced service to China’s fastest growing express    
  and cargo region.

•  We have begun construction on a $135 million, 
  30,000-square-meter facility at Cologne/Bonn Airport in  
  Germany, which will be the largest UPS facility outside  

the United States.

We see…   15

 
 
 
We see margins over 15 percent.

Our integrated network, operational effi ciencies, dedicated people, 
brand equity, and broad service portfolio create the best returns 
in the industry. By 2007, we expect even more — with operating 
profi t margins expected to be above 15 percent in each of our 
business segments.

16   UPS Annual Report 2003

We see margins over 15 percent.

With a committment to employee stock ownership, 
UPS is a company run by investors for investors. UPS 
operates with the innovative qualities of a start-up 
company and the vision, discipline, and execution of 
a well-established industry leader. In fact, UPS strives 
to be the most effi cient, cost effective, environmentally 
responsible, and profi table company in the industry.
And, we see a continued, positive outlook for 

growth in our industry. As trade barriers fall, free trade 
agreements are signed, and the movement towards 
globalization redefi nes the marketplace, companies 
increasingly are outsourcing services and moving 
goods around the world.

UPS is embracing these globalization trends. The 
strength of our brand has allowed us to expand beyond 
borders and cultures and given us the opportunity to 
offer innovative solutions to our customers. We are 
becoming synonymous with world commerce, and it’s 
translating to the bottom line.

Facts:

•  We have a 96-year history of revenue growth.

•  We are one of seven companies in the United States that 
has a Triple-A credit rating from both Standard & Poor’s  
and Moody’s.

•  Our quarterly dividend increased 32 percent in 2003.

•  We delivered 3.44 billion packages in 2003, 

an average of 13.6 million per day.

•  Active and former employees and their families own  

more than 50 percent of UPS stock.

•  For the sixth straight year, FORTUNE magazine named 

UPS a “World’s Most Admired Company,” and for the 21st
consecutive year, FORTUNE named UPS “America’s Most 
Admired” company in its industry.

We see…   17

 
 
UPS 2003 Board of Directors

(left to right) John W. Thompson, James P. Kelly, Lea N. Soupata, Carol B. Tomé, Gary E. MacDougal, Victor A. Pelson, Joseph R. Moderow, Michael L. Eskew, 
Calvin Darden, Thomas H. Weidemeyer, Robert M. Teeter, Ann M. Livermore

Calvin Darden
Senior Vice President, UPS

Michael L. Eskew
Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer, UPS

James P. Kelly
Former Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer, UPS

Ann M. Livermore
Executive Vice President, 
Hewlett-Packard Company

Victor A. Pelson
Senior Advisor,
UBS Securities LLC

Gary E. MacDougal
Former Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer,
Mark Controls Corporation

Joseph R. Moderow*
Senior Vice President, UPS

Lea N. Soupata
Senior Vice President, UPS

Robert M. Teeter
President, 
Coldwater Corporation

John W. Thompson
Chairman and Chief 
Executive Officer,
Symantec Corporation

Carol B. Tomé
Chief Financial Officer,
The Home Depot

Thomas H. Weidemeyer*
Senior Vice President, UPS

*After many years of distinguished 

service and leadership, Joe Moderow 

and Tom Weidemeyer retired 

effective January 1, 2004. 

18   UPS Annual Report 2003

Management
Committee

This committee is 
responsible for the 
overall day-to-day 
management of 
our business.

David Abney
Senior Vice President and 
President, UPS International

Michael L. Eskew
Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer

Christopher D. Mahoney
Senior Vice President,
Global Transportation Services

John J. Beystehner
Senior Vice President, 
Chief Operating Officer, and 
President, UPS Airlines

Calvin Darden
Senior Vice President,
U.S. Operations

D. Scott Davis
Senior Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer, 
and Treasurer

Allen E. Hill
Senior Vice President, 
General Counsel, and 
Corporate Secretary

Kurt Kuehn 
Senior Vice President, 
Worldwide Sales and 
Marketing

Kenneth W. Lacy
Senior Vice President and
Chief Information Officer

John McDevitt
Senior Vice President, 
Strategic Integration

Joseph M. Pyne
Senior Vice President,
UPS Supply Chain Solutions

Lea N. Soupata
Senior Vice President,
Human Resources

Senior 
Operations
Management

Jovita Carranza
Air Operations

Myron A. Gray
Southwest Region

Christine M. Owens
Southeast Region

Scott. E. Corrigan
Pacific Region

Wayne C. Herring
East Central Region

Robert E. Stoffel
UPS Supply Chain Solutions

Northeast Region Manager 

Joe Farinacci, Europe Region 

Manager John Warrick, and East 

Central Region Manager Joe Zito 

recently retired after many years 

of dedicated service. 

Wolfgang Flick
Europe Region

Michael J. Kamienski
West Region

Kenneth A. Torok
Asia Pacific Region

Stephen D. Flowers
Americas Region

Robert L. Lekites
UPS Airlines

James F. Winestock
North Central Region

Alan Gershenhorn
Canada Region

Stephen R. Miele
Northeast Region

UPS senior leadership   19

Financial highlights

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Adjusted Net Income (1,2,3,4,5) 
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(1)  1999 excludes after-tax impact of tax assessment charge ($1.442 billion, $1.27 per share).
(2)  2000 excludes after-tax impact of charge from Teamsters contract arbitration ruling ($35 million, $0.03 per share), gain on sale of UPS Truck Leasing ($29 million, $0.03 per share), and investment gains ($145 million, $0.12 per share).
(3)  2001 excludes after-tax charge from adoption of FAS 133 ($26 million, $0.02 per share).
(4)  2002 excludes after-tax impact of tax assessment reversal ($776 million, $0.68 per share), credit from vacation policy change ($121 million, $0.11 per share), restructuring charge and related expenses ($65 million, $0.06 per share), 

and charge upon adoption of FAS 142 ($72 million, $0.06 per share).

(5)  2003 excludes after-tax gain from sale of Mail Technologies ($14 million, $0.01 per share) and Aviation Technologies ($15 million, $0.01 per share), gain on redemption of long-term debt ($18 million, $0.02 per share), impairment 

of investments ($37 million, $0.03 per share) and credits to income tax expense for a lower effective tax rate in the fourth quarter ($39 million, $0.03 per share), the resolution of various tax contingencies ($55 million, $0.05 per share), 
and a favorable ruling on the tax treatment of jet engine maintenance costs ($22 million, $0.02 per share). 

(6)  Excludes $5.266 billion net IPO proceeds in 1999 and 2000.
(7)  EBITDA defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.

20   UPS Annual Report 2003

 
 
 
Selected financial data

The following table sets forth selected financial data for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2003 (amounts 
in millions, except per share amounts). This financial data should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and 
the related notes, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, and other financial 
data appearing elsewhere in this report.

Selected Income Statement Data                                                                                                          Years Ended December 31, 
                                                                                                                          2003                         2002                         2001                        2000                      1999

Revenue:                                                                                                                                                                                              
     U.S. domestic package                                                          $  25,022             $   23,924             $   23,997             $   24,002           $  22,313 
     International package                                                                 5,561                    4,680                   4,245                   4,078                 3,718 
     Non-package                                                                              2,902                    2,668                   2,079                   1,418                    841 
     Total revenue                                                                            33,485                  31,272                 30,321                 29,498               26,872 
Operating expenses:                                                                                                                                                                                              
     Compensation and benefits                                                       19,328                  17,940                 17,397                 16,546               15,285 
     Other                                                                                         9,712                    9,236                   8,962                   8,440                 7,682 
     Total operating expenses                                                           29,040                  27,176                 26,359                 24,986               22,967 
Operating profit:                                                                                                                                                                                                    
     U.S. domestic package                                                                3,272                    3,576                   3,620                   3,929                 3,506 
     International package                                                                    709                       322                      125                      277                    230 
     Non-package                                                                                 464                       198                      217                      306                    169 
     Total operating profit                                                                   4,445                    4,096                   3,962                   4,512                 3,905 
Other income (expense):                                                                                                                                                                                       
     Investment income                                                                          18                         63                      159                      527                    197 
     Interest expense                                                                           (121)                    (173)                    (184)                   (205)                 (228)
     Gain on redemption of long-term debt                                              28                          —                         —                         —                       —
     Tax assessment                                                                                  —                    1,023                         —                         —                (1,786)
Income before income taxes                                                            4,370                    5,009                   3,937                   4,834                 2,088 
Income taxes                                                                                  (1,472)                 (1,755)                 (1,512)                (1,900)              (1,205)
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles                              —                        (72)                      (26)                        —                       —
Net income                                                                               $    2,898             $     3,182            $     2,399            $     2,934           $        883
Per share amounts:                                                                                                                                                                                                
     Basic earnings per share                                                       $      2.57             $       2.84             $       2.13            $       2.54           $      0.79 
     Diluted earnings per share                                                     $      2.55             $       2.81             $       2.10            $       2.50           $      0.77 
     Dividends declared per share                                                $      0.92             $       0.76             $       0.76            $       0.68           $      0.58 
Weighted average shares outstanding                                                                                                                                                                     
     Basic                                                                                          1,128                    1,120                   1,126                   1,153                 1,121 
     Diluted                                                                                       1,138                    1,134                   1,144                   1,175                 1,141 
As adjusted net income data:                                                                                                                                                                                 
     Net income                                                                          $    2,772(1)          $     2,422(2)         $     2,425(3)         $     2,795(4)        $    2,325(5) 
     Basic earnings per share                                                       $      2.46             $       2.16             $       2.15            $       2.42           $      2.07 
     Diluted earnings per share                                                     $      2.44             $       2.14             $       2.12            $       2.38           $      2.04 

Selected Balance Sheet Data                                                                                                    As of December 31, 
                                                                                                                          2003                         2002                         2001                        2000                      1999

Working capital                                                                         $    4,335             $     3,183             $     2,811            $     2,623           $    5,994 
Long-term debt                                                                         $    3,149             $     3,495             $     4,648            $     2,981           $    1,912 
Total assets                                                                               $  28,909             $   26,357             $   24,636            $   21,662           $  23,028 
Shareowners’ equity                                                                  $  14,852             $   12,455             $   10,248            $     9,735           $  12,474 

(1)  Excludes (on an after-tax basis) the gain on sale of Mail Technologies ($14 million) and Aviation Technologies ($15 million), the gain on redemption of long-term debt ($18 million), the 
loss on impairment of investments ($37 million), a reduction of income tax expense due to a lower effective tax rate from improvements in state income taxes ($39 million), a reduction 
of income tax expense due to the resolution of various tax contingency matters ($55 million), and a reduction of income tax expense from a favorable ruling on the tax treatment for jet 
engine maintenance costs ($22 million).

(2)  Excludes (on an after-tax basis) $121 million gain related to change in vacation policy, $65 million restructuring charge and related expenses, $72 million charge related to the adoption 

of FAS 142, and $776 million gain related to the settlement of a previously established tax assessment liability.

(3)  Excludes $26 million after-tax charge related to the adoption of FAS 133.
(4)  Excludes (on an after-tax basis) $145 million in investment gains, a $29 million gain on the sale of our UPS Truck Leasing subsidiary, and a $35 million charge related to an arbitration 

ruling under our 1997 contract with the Teamsters.

(5)  Excludes a $1.442 billion tax assessment charge.

Selected financial data   21

 
 
                                                                                                                                                                     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial table of contents

Independent auditors’ report                                               23
Consolidated balance sheets                                               24
Statements of consolidated income                                     25
Statements of consolidated shareowners’ equity                  26
Statements of consolidated cash flows                                 27
 Notes to consolidated financial statements                           28
 Management’s discussion and analysis                                51
Price and dividend information                                           65
 Investor information                                                           66

22 UPS Annual Report 2003

Independent auditors’ report

Board of Directors and Shareowners
United Parcel Service, Inc.
Atlanta, Georgia 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of United Parcel Service, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of 
December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareowners’ equity, and cash flows for 
each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003. These financial statements are the responsibility of the 
Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those 
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements 
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures 
in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable 
basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 
United Parcel Service, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the results of their operations and their 
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003 in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America. 

As described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting 
Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” effective January 1, 2001; Statement 
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” effective January 1, 2002; and began 
applying prospectively the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based 
Compensation,” effective January 1, 2003.

Deloitte & Touche LLP

Atlanta, Georgia
March 5, 2004

Independent auditors’ report   23

Consolidated balance sheets
As of December 31,

(in millions except per share amounts)                                                                                                                                                        2003                                2002

ASSETS                                                                                                                                                                       
Current Assets:                                                                                                                         
    Cash & cash equivalents                                                                                                                     $     2,951               $      2,211 
    Marketable securities & short-term investments                                                                                           1,001                          803
    Accounts receivable, net                                                                                                                            4,004                       3,756 
    Finance receivables, net                                                                                                                                840                          868 
    Deferred income taxes                                                                                                                                  316                          268
    Other current assets                                                                                                                                      741                          832

         Total Current Assets                                                                                                                               9,853                       8,738 
Property, Plant, and Equipment—at cost, net of accumulated depreciation                                                                
    & amortization of $13,007 and $11,749 in 2003 and 2002                                                                      13,908                     13,612 
Prepaid Pension Costs                                                                                                                                     2,922                       1,932
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net                                                                                                                1,273                       1,180
Other Assets                                                                                                                                                      953                          895 

                                                                                                                                                             $   28,909               $    26,357 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREOWNERS’ EQUITY                                                                                             
Current Liabilities:                                                                                                                                                                                   
    Current maturities of long-term debt and commercial paper                                                                 $         674               $      1,107 
    Accounts payable                                                                                                                                       2,003                       1,908  
    Accrued wages & withholdings                                                                                                                   1,166                       1,084 
    Dividends payable                                                                                                                                         282                          212 
    Other current liabilities                                                                                                                               1,393                       1,244 
         Total Current Liabilities                                                                                                                           5,518                       5,555
Long-Term Debt                                                                                                                                              3,149                       3,495 
Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation, Net                                                                                        1,335                       1,251 
Deferred Taxes, Credits & Other Liabilities                                                                                                        4,055                       3,601 
Shareowners’ Equity:                                                                                                                                                                              
    Preferred stock, no par value, authorized 200 shares, none issued                                                                      —                             — 
    Class A common stock, par value $.01 per share, authorized                                                                                                
         4,600 shares, issued 571 and 642 in 2003 and 2002                                                                                     6                             7 
    Class B common stock, par value $.01 per share, authorized                                                                                                
         5,600 shares, issued 560 and 482 in 2003 and 2002                                                                                     5                             4 
    Additional paid-in capital                                                                                                                               662                          387
    Retained earnings                                                                                                                                   14,356                     12,495
    Accumulated other comprehensive loss                                                                                                        (177)                       (438)
    Deferred compensation arrangements                                                                                                            136                           84 

                                                                                                                                                                  14,988                     12,539 
    Less: Treasury stock (2 and 1 shares in 2003 and 2002)                                                                               (136)                        (84)
                                                                                                                                                                  14,852                     12,455
                                                                                                                                                             $   28,909               $    26,357 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

24 UPS Annual Report 2003

 
                                                                                                                                                             
Statements of consolidated income
Years Ended December 31,

(in millions except per share amounts)                                                                                                                 2003                               2002                                2001

Revenue                                                                                                                $    33,485              $    31,272               $    30,321
Operating Expenses:                                                                                                                                                                               
    Compensation and benefits                                                                                       19,328                    17,940                     17,397
    Other                                                                                                                          9,712                      9,236                       8,962
                                                                                                                                    29,040                    27,176                     26,359
Operating Profit                                                                                                               4,445                      4,096                       3,962

Other Income and (Expense):
    Investment income                                                                                                          18                           63                          159
    Interest expense                                                                                                           (121)                       (173)                       (184)
    Gain on redemption of long-term debt                                                                              28                            —                             —
    Tax assessment reversal                                                                                                     —                      1,023                             —
                                                                                                                                         (75)                        913                          (25)
Income Before Income Taxes and Cumulative Effect of Changes
    in Accounting Principles                                                                                              4,370                      5,009                       3,937
Income Taxes                                                                                                                  1,472                      1,755                       1,512
Income Before Cumulative Effect of Changes in Accounting Principles                               2,898                      3,254                       2,425
Cumulative Effect of Changes in Accounting Principles, Net of Taxes                                        —                          (72)                         (26)
Net Income                                                                                                            $       2,898              $      3,182               $      2,399
Basic Earnings Per Share Before Cumulative Effect of Changes
    in Accounting Principles                                                                                     $         2.57              $        2.91               $        2.15
Basic Earnings Per Share                                                                                         $         2.57              $        2.84               $        2.13
Diluted Earnings Per Share Before Cumulative Effect of Changes
    in Accounting Principles                                                                                     $         2.55              $        2.87               $        2.12
Diluted Earnings Per Share                                                                                      $         2.55              $        2.81               $        2.10

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Consolidated financial statements   25

Statements of consolidated shareowners’ equity
Years Ended December 31, 

                                                                                                                                         2003                                          2002                                         2001 

(in millions except per share amounts)                                                        Shares            Dollars            Shares              Dollars              Shares            Dollars

Class A Common Stock
Balance at beginning of year                                                                           642         $          7                772         $           8                  936         $         9
Common stock purchases                                                                                  (5)                   —                 (10)                    —                   (26)                  —
Stock award plans                                                                                            12                    —                  11                     —                    13                   — 
Common stock issuances                                                                                    2                    —                    2                     —                      1                   — 
Conversions of Class A to Class B common stock                                               (80)                   (1)              (133)                    (1)                (152)                  (1)
Balance at end of year                                                                                    571                     6                642                      7                  772                    8
Class B Common Stock
Balance at beginning of year                                                                           482                     4                349                      3                  199                    2 
Common stock purchases                                                                                  (2)                   —                   —                     —                   (10)                  — 
Common stock issued for acquisitions                                                                  —                    —                   —                     —                      8                   — 
Conversions of Class A to Class B common stock                                                80                     1                133                      1                  152                    1
Balance at end of year                                                                                    560                     5                482                      4                  349                    3
Additional Paid-In Capital 
Balance at beginning of year                                                                                                  387                                        414                                        267 
Stock award plans                                                                                                                 545                                         477                                        521 
Common stock issued for acquisitions                                                                                         —                                           —                                        510 
Common stock purchases                                                                                                    (398)                                      (604)                                      (954)
Common stock issuances                                                                                                       128                                        100                                          70
Balance at end of year                                                                                                           662                                        387                                        414
Retained Earnings 
Balance at beginning of year                                                                                            12,495                                   10,162                                     9,684 
Net income                                                                                                                       2,898                                     3,182                                     2,399 
Dividends ($0.92, $0.76, and $0.76 in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively)                       (1,037)                                      (849)                                      (856)
Common stock purchases                                                                                                         —                                           —                                    (1,065)
Balance at end of year                                                                                                     14,356                                   12,495                                   10,162
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income 
Foreign currency translation adjustment:                                                               
     Balance at beginning of year                                                                                           (328)                                      (269)                                      (223)
     Aggregate adjustment for the year                                                                                    272                                         (59)                                        (46)
     Balance at end of year                                                                                                      (56)                                      (328)                                      (269)
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax:                                     
     Balance at beginning of year                                                                                             (34)                                        (21)                                          (4)
     Current period changes in fair value (net of tax effect of $13, $(9), and $0)                         21                                          (16)                                          (1)
     Reclassification to earnings (net of tax effect of $17, $1, and $(11))                                    27                                            3                                         (16)
     Balance at end of year                                                                                                        14                                         (34)                                        (21)
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax:                                           
     Balance at beginning of year                                                                                             (26)                                        (49)                                          — 
     FAS 133 transition adjustment                                                                                              —                                           —                                          23 
     Current period changes in fair value (net of tax effect of $(6), $6, and $(24))                       (9)                                         10                                         (39) 
     Reclassification to earnings (net of tax effect of $(21), $9, and $(21))                               (37)                                         13                                         (33) 
     Balance at end of year                                                                                                      (72)                                        (26)                                        (49) 
Additional minimum pension liability, net of tax:                                                    
     Balance at beginning of year                                                                                             (50)                                          —                                           — 
     Minimum pension liability adjustment (net of tax effect of $(6), $(31), and $0)                  (13)                                        (50)                                          — 
     Balance at end of year                                                                                                      (63)                                        (50)                                          — 
Accumulated other comprehensive income at end of year                                                     (177)                                      (438)                                      (339)
Deferred Compensation Obligations 
Balance at beginning of year                                                                                                    84                                          47                                           —
Common stock held for deferred compensation arrangements                                                   52                                          37                                          47
Balance at end of year                                                                                                           136                                          84                                          47
Treasury Stock 
Balance at beginning of year                                                                              (1)                (84)                  (1)                  (47)                    —                   — 
Common stock held for deferred compensation arrangements                             (1)                (52)                  —                   (37)                    (1)                (47)
Balance at end of year                                                                                       (2)              (136)                  (1)                  (84)                    (1)                (47)
Total Shareowners’ Equity At End Of Year                                                          $14,852                               $   12,455                                 $ 10,248

Comprehensive Income                                                                                     $   3,159                               $     3,083                                 $   2,287

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

26 UPS Annual Report 2003

Statements of consolidated cash flows
Years Ended December 31,

(in millions)                                                                                                                                                       2003                               2002                                2001

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:                                                                         
     Net income                                                                                                             $    2,898                   $   3,182                 $     2,399
         Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:             
              Depreciation and amortization                                                                                      1,549                         1,464                         1,396
              Postretirement benefits                                                                                                     84                            121                              81
              Deferred taxes, credits, and other                                                                                    317                            162                            481
              Stock award plans                                                                                                          497                            445                            495
              Loss (gain) on investments                                                                                                57                              16                                4
              Loss (gain) on impairment or disposal of assets                                                                  55                              19                              29
              Provision for losses on finance receivables                                                                         39                              26                                7
              Restructuring charge and related expenses                                                                         —                              85                               —
              Impairment of goodwill                                                                                                     —                              74                               — 
              Vacation policy change                                                                                                      —                          (121)                             —
              Tax assessment reversal                                                                                                     —                          (776)                             —
         Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions:                                 
              Accounts receivable, net                                                                                                (264)                          312                            415
              Other current assets                                                                                                          13                            403                           (142)
              Prepaid pension costs                                                                                                    (990)                          (87)                         (252)
              Accounts payable                                                                                                             66                            (56)                         (313)
              Accrued wages and withholdings                                                                                      83                            112                              27
              Dividends payable                                                                                                            70                               —                              20
              Income taxes payable                                                                                                     204                              16                              35
              Other current liabilities                                                                                                    (32)                           291                           (112)
         Net cash from operating activities                                                                                     4,646                         5,688                         4,570
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:                                   
     Capital expenditures                                                                                                           (1,947)                     (1,658)                      (2,372)
     Disposals of property, plant, and equipment                                                                              118                              89                            136
     Purchases of marketable securities and short-term investments                                            (6,074)                     (2,303)                      (3,361)
     Sales and maturities of marketable securities and short-term investments                                5,909                         2,211                         3,686
     Net (increase) decrease in finance receivables                                                                            50                          (495)                         (637)
     Cash received (paid) for business acquisitions/dispositions                                                            8                            (14)                         (466)
     Other asset receipts (payments)                                                                                                  (6)                          (24)                           (39)
         Net cash (used in) investing activities                                                                             (1,942)                     (2,194)                      (3,053)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:                                  
     Proceeds from borrowings                                                                                                        361                            419                         2,312
     Repayments of borrowings                                                                                                  (1,245)                     (1,099)                      (1,089)
     Purchases of common stock                                                                                                    (398)                        (604)                      (2,019)
     Issuances of common stock                                                                                                      154                            116                            219
     Dividends                                                                                                                           (1,026)                        (840)                         (847)
     Other transactions                                                                                                                     (26)                          (82)                           (69)
         Net cash (used in) financing activities                                                                             (2,180)                     (2,090)                      (1,493)
Effect Of Exchange Rate Changes On Cash                                                                                  216                            (51)                           (45)
Net Increase (Decrease) In Cash And Cash Equivalents                                                              740                         1,353                             (21)
Cash And Cash Equivalents:                                                                                         
     Beginning of period                                                                                                              2,211                            858                            879
     End of period                                                                                                                  $    2,951                   $    2,211                   $        858
Cash Paid During The Period For:                                                                                 
     Interest (net of amount capitalized)                                                                                 $       126                   $       190                   $        164
     Income taxes                                                                                                                  $    1,097                   $    1,416                   $     1,042

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Consolidated financial statements   27

 
Notes to consolidated financial statements

Note 1. Summary of Accounting Policies

Marketable Securities and Short-Term Investments

Basis of Financial Statements and Business Activities 

The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of 
United Parcel Service, Inc., and all of its consolidated subsidiaries 
(collectively “UPS” or the “Company”). All intercompany balances 
and transactions have been eliminated. 

UPS concentrates its operations in the field of transportation 
services, primarily domestic and international letter and package 
delivery. Through our non-package subsidiaries, we are also a 
global provider of specialized transportation, logistics, and finan-
cial services.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with 
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of 
America requires management to make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclo-
sure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial 
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses 
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from 
those estimates. 

Revenue Recognition 

U.S. Domestic and International Package Operations — Revenue 
is recognized upon delivery of a letter or package.

UPS Supply Chain Solutions — Freight forwarding revenue is rec-
ognized net of the expense related to the transportation of freight 
at the time the services are performed. Material management and 
distribution revenue is recognized upon performance of the service 
provided. Customs brokerage revenue is recognized upon com-
pleting documents necessary for customs entry purposes.

UPS Capital — Income on loans and direct finance leases is 
recognized on the interest method. Accrual of interest income is
suspended at the earlier of the time at which collection of an 
account becomes doubtful or the account becomes 90 days delin-
quent. Income on operating leases is recognized on the straight-line 
method over the terms of the underlying leases. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments 
(including investments in debt, auction rate securities, and other 
money market instruments of $2.493 and $1.780 billion at 
December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively) that are readily con-
vertible into cash. We consider securities with maturities of three 
months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. The car-
rying amount of these securities approximates fair value because 
of the short-term maturity of these instruments. 

Marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and are car-
ried at fair value, with related unrealized gains and losses reported, 
net of tax, as other comprehensive income (“OCI”), a separate 
component of shareowners’ equity. The amortized cost of debt 
securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of 
discounts to maturity. Such amortization and accretion is included 
in investment income, along with interest and dividends. The cost 
of securities sold is based on the specific identification method; 
realized gains and losses resulting from such sales are included in 
investment income.

Investment securities are reviewed for impairment in 

accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement 
No. 115 “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity 
Securities.” Impairment of investment securities results in a charge 
to income when a market decline below cost is other than temporary.

Property, Plant, and Equipment 

Property, plant, and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation 
and amortization are provided by the straight-line method over 
the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are as follows: 
Vehicles – 9 years; Aircraft – 12 to 20 years; Buildings – 20 to 40 
years; Leasehold Improvements – lives of leases; Plant Equipment 
– 5 to 8 1/3 years; Technology Equipment (including capitalized 
software) – 3 to 5 years. The costs of major airframe and engine 
overhauls, as well as routine maintenance and repairs, are charged 
to expense as incurred. 

Interest incurred during the construction period of certain prop-
erty, plant, and equipment is capitalized until the underlying assets 
are placed in service, at which time amortization of the capitalized 
interest begins, straight-line, over the estimated useful lives of the 
related assets. Capitalized interest was $25, $25, and $47 million 
for 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets 

In accordance with the provisions of FASB Statement No. 144 
“Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived 
Assets,” we review long-lived assets for impairment when cir-
cumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be 
recoverable based on the undiscounted future cash flows of the 
asset. If the carrying amount of the asset is determined not to be 
recoverable, a write-down to fair value is recorded. Fair values are 
determined based on quoted market values, discounted cash flows, 
or external appraisals, as applicable. We review long-lived assets 
for impairment at the individual asset or the asset group level for 
which the lowest level of independent cash flows can be identified.
In December 2003, we permanently removed from service a 
number of Boeing 727 and DC-8 aircraft. As a result, we conducted 
an impairment evaluation, which resulted in a $75 million impairment 

28 UPS Annual Report 2003

charge during the fourth quarter for these aircraft, $69 million        
of which impacted the U.S. domestic package segment and 
$6 million of which impacted the international package seg-
ment. This charge is classified in the caption “other expenses” 
within other operating expenses (see Note 13). UPS continues to 
operate all of its other aircraft and continues to experience positive                      
cash flow.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets 

Costs of purchased businesses in excess of net assets acquired 
(goodwill) and intangible assets are accounted for under the 
provisions of FASB Statement No. 142 “Goodwill and Other 
Intangible Assets” (“FAS 142”). The amortization of goodwill    
and indefinite-lived intangibles ceased upon the implementation    
of FAS 142 on January 1, 2002. Had the non-amortization provi-
sions of FAS 142 been applied to 2001, then our net income would 
have been increased by $59 million, or $0.05 per diluted share in 
that year.

certain limits. Insurance reserves are established for estimates of 
the loss that we will ultimately incur on reported claims, as well as 
estimates of claims that have been incurred but not yet reported. 
Recorded balances are based on reserve levels determined by 
outside actuaries, who incorporate historical loss experience and 
judgments about the present and expected levels of cost per claim.

Income Taxes 

Income taxes are accounted for under FASB Statement No. 109, 
“Accounting for Income Taxes” (“FAS 109’’). FAS 109 is an asset 
and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax 
assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of 
events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax 
returns. In estimating future tax consequences, FAS 109 generally 
considers all expected future events other than proposed changes in 
the tax law or rates. Valuation allowances are provided if it is more 
likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized.

Also upon adoption of FAS 142, we were required to test all 

Foreign Currency Translation 

existing goodwill for impairment as of that date, and at least 
annually thereafter, unless changes in circumstances indicate an 
impairment may have occurred sooner. We are required to test 
goodwill on a “reporting unit” basis. A reporting unit is the oper-
ating segment unless, for businesses within that operating segment, 
discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed 
by management, in which case such a component business is the 
reporting unit.

A fair value approach is used to test goodwill for impairment. 

An impairment charge is recognized for the amount, if any, by 
which the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its fair value. Fair 
values are established using discounted cash flows. When available 
and as appropriate, comparative market multiples were used to 
corroborate discounted cash flow results.

We recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $72 
million ($0.06 per diluted share), as of January 1, 2002, related to 
our Mail Technologies business. This charge is reported as a cumu-
lative effect of a change in accounting principle and resulted in a 
restatement of our first quarter 2002 quarterly financial statements 
(see Note 19). The primary factor resulting in the impairment 
charge was the lower than anticipated growth experienced in the 
expedited mail delivery business. In conjunction with our annual 
test of goodwill in 2002, we recorded an additional impairment 
charge of $2 million related to our Mail Technologies business, 
resulting in total goodwill impairment of $74 million for 2002. We 
sold the Mail Technologies business unit during the second quarter 
of 2003 (see Note 7). Our annual impairment test performed in 
2003 resulted in no goodwill impairment.

Self-Insurance Accruals 

We self-insure costs associated with workers’ compensation 
claims, automotive liability, and general business liabilities, up to 

We translate the results of operations of our foreign subsidiaries 
using average exchange rates during each period, whereas bal-
ance sheet accounts are translated using exchange rates at the end 
of each period. Balance sheet currency translation adjustments 
are recorded in OCI. Net currency transaction gains and losses 
included in other operating expenses were pre-tax gains of $21, 
$27, and $16 million in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation  

Effective January 1, 2003, we adopted the fair value measurement 
provisions of FASB Statement No. 123 “Accounting for Stock-Based 
Compensation” (“FAS 123”). In years prior to 2003, we used the 
intrinsic value method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board 
Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” 
(“APB 25”). Under APB 25, we did not have to recognize compensa-
tion expense for our stock option grants and our discounted stock 
purchase plan, however we did recognize compensation expense for 
our management incentive awards and certain other stock awards 
(see Note 11 for a description of these plans). 

Under the provisions of FASB Statement No. 148 “Accounting 
for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure,” we 
have elected to adopt the measurement provisions of FAS 123 using 
the prospective method. Under this approach, all stock-based com-
pensation granted subsequent to January 1, 2003 has been expensed 
to compensation and benefits over the vesting period based on 
the fair value at the date the stock-based compensation is granted. 
Stock compensation awards granted in 2003 include stock options, 
management incentive awards, restricted performance units, and 
employer matching contributions (in shares of UPS stock) for a 
defined contribution benefit plan. The adoption of the measurement 
provisions of FAS 123 reduced 2003 net income by $20 million, or 
$0.02 per diluted share.

Notes to consolidated financial statements   29

Notes to consolidated financial statements

The following provides pro forma information as to the impact on net income and earnings per share if we had used the fair 
value measurement provisions of FAS 123 to account for all stock-based compensation awards granted prior to January 1, 2003 
(in millions, except per share amounts).

                                                                                                                                                   2003                         2002                          2001

Net income                                                                                            $     2,898             $   3,182              $   2,399             
Add:      Stock-based employee compensation expense                                                         
              included in net income, net of tax effects                                           456                     391                     440             
Less:      Total pro forma stock-based employee                                                         
             compensation expense, net of tax effects                                           (507)                  (459)                   (491)            
Pro forma net income                                                                             $     2,847              $   3,114              $   2,348             
Basic earnings per share
             As reported                                                                               $       2.57             $     2.84              $     2.13
             Pro forma                                                                                  $       2.52             $     2.78              $     2.08
Diluted earnings per share                                                                      
             As reported                                                                               $       2.55             $     2.81              $     2.10
             Pro forma                                                                                  $       2.50             $     2.75              $     2.05

The fair value of each option grant is estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Compensation cost is also mea-
sured for the fair value of employees’ purchase rights under our discounted stock purchase plan using the Black-Scholes option 
pricing model. The weighted-average assumptions used, by year, and the calculated weighted-average fair value of options and 
employees’ purchase rights granted, are as follows: 

Stock options:                                                                                                                               2003                         2002                          2001

Expected yield                                                                                                1.22%                 1.10%                 1.10%           
Risk-free interest rate                                                                                      3.70%                 4.67%                 4.64%
Expected life in years                                                                                            8                         5                         5
Expected volatility                                                                                        19.55%               20.24%               32.40%
Weighted-average fair value of options granted                                        $     17.02             $   21.27              $   25.49

Discounted stock purchase plan:                                                                                                   2003                         2002                          2001

Expected yield                                                                                                1.12%                 1.10%                 1.10%           
Risk-free interest rate                                                                                      1.06%                 1.70%                 2.36%
Expected life in years                                                                                      0.25                    0.25                    0.25
Expected volatility                                                                                        19.79%               20.45%               22.85%
Weighted-average fair value of purchase rights*                                       $       8.53             $     8.20              $     7.19

* Includes the 10% discount from the market price (see Note 11).

Derivative Instruments

Effective January 1, 2001, we adopted FASB Statement No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” 
(“FAS 133”), as amended by Statements No. 137 and No. 138. FAS 133, as amended, requires all financial derivative instruments 
to be recorded on our balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives not designated as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through 
income. If a derivative is designated as a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in its fair value that are considered 
to be effective, as defined, either offset the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities, or firm commitments through 
income, or are recorded in OCI until the hedged item is recorded in income. Any portion of a change in a derivative’s fair value that 
is considered to be ineffective, or is excluded from the measurement of effectiveness, is recorded immediately in income. 

30 UPS Annual Report 2003

At January 1, 2001, our financial statements were adjusted to record cumulative effect of adopting FAS 133, as follows (in millions, 

except per share amounts):

Adjustment to fair value of derivative instruments                                                               $       (42)              $ 
Income tax effects                                                                                                                       16 
Adjustment, net of tax                                                                                                       $       (26)              $ 
Effect on diluted earnings per share (a)                        

$    (0.02)

Income 

OCI 

37
(14)
23

(a) For income effect, amount shown is net of adjustment to hedged items.

The cumulative effect on income resulted primarily from 
marking to market the time value of option contracts used in 
commodity and foreign currency cash flow hedging. The cumula-
tive effect on OCI resulted primarily from marking to market 
swap contracts used as cash flow hedges of anticipated foreign 
currency cash flows and anticipated purchases of energy products.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2002, the FASB issued Statement No. 146 “Accounting 
for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities” (“FAS 146”). 
FAS 146 provides guidance on the recognition and measurement of 
liabilities associated with exit or disposal activities and requires 
that such liabilities be recognized when incurred. This statement 
was effective for exit or disposal activities initiated on or after 
January 1, 2003.

As discussed in Note 17, we implemented a restructuring pro-
gram involving the business unit integration of our Freight Services 
and Logistics Group operations in the fourth quarter of 2002. As 
this restructuring program was initiated in 2002, we accounted for 
this restructuring program using the existing guidance in EITF 94-3 
“Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits 
and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (Including Certain Costs 
Incurred in a Restructuring).” Therefore, the adoption of FAS 146 
on January 1, 2003 had no effect on our results of operations or 
financial condition. In the fourth quarter of 2002, we recorded a 
pre-tax restructuring charge and related expenses in the amount 
of $106 million, which is classified in other operating expenses. 
In November 2002, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 45 

“Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for 
Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of 
Others” (“FIN 45”). FIN 45 requires that a liability be recognized 
at fair value at the inception of certain guarantees for the obliga-
tions undertaken by the guarantor. FIN 45 also requires additional 
disclosures for certain guarantee contracts. The disclosure provi-
sions of FIN 45 were effective for financial statements ending 
after December 15, 2002, while the recognition and initial 
measurement provisions were applicable on a prospective basis 
to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The 
adoption of FIN 45 was not material to our results of operations 
or financial condition.

In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46 

“Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” to address perceived 
weaknesses in accounting for entities commonly known as special 
purpose or off balance sheet. In addition to numerous FASB Staff 

Positions written to clarify and improve the application of FIN 46, 
the FASB recently announced a deferral for certain entities, and an 
amendment to FIN 46 entitled FASB Interpretation No. 46 (revised 
December 2003) “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” 
(“FIN 46”). 

FIN 46 provides guidance for identifying the party with a 

controlling financial interest resulting from arrangements or finan-
cial instruments rather than voting interests. FIN 46 defines the 
term “variable interest entity” and is based on the premise that 
if a business enterprise absorbs a majority of such an entity’s 
expected losses and/or receives a majority of its expected residual 
returns, that enterprise has a controlling financial interest, and 
would thus require consolidation of the variable interest entity. As 
of December 31, 2003, we have adopted FIN 46, and the effects 
of adoption were not material to our results of operations or 
financial condition. 

On July 1, 2003, we adopted FASB Statement No. 149 
“Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and 
Hedging Activities” (“FAS 149”). FAS 149 amends FAS 133 for 
certain decisions made by the FASB as part of the Derivatives 
Implementation Group process. FAS 149 also amends FAS 133 
to incorporate clarifications of the definition of a derivative. The 
adoption of FAS 149 was not material to our results of operations 
or financial condition.

On July 1, 2003, we adopted FASB Statement No. 150 

“Accounting for Certain Instruments with Characteristics of Both 
Liabilities and Equity” (“FAS 150”). FAS 150 establishes how an 
issuer measures certain freestanding financial instruments with 
characteristics of both liabilities and equity, and requires that such 
instruments be classified as liabilities. The adoption of FAS 150 
was not material to our results of operations or financial condition.
     In December 2003, the FASB revised Statement No. 132, 
“Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement 
Benefits” (“FAS 132”). The revised standard requires new disclo-
sures in addition to those required by the original standard about 
the assets, obligations, cash flows, and net periodic benefit cost of 
defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit postretire-
ment plans. As revised, FAS 132 is effective for financial statements 
with fiscal years ending after December 15, 2003, and we have 
included these disclosures in Note 5 – Employee Benefit Plans.

Changes in Presentation

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to 
the current year presentation.

Notes to consolidated financial statements   31

                                                                 
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements

NOTE 2. MARKETABLE SECURITIES AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS

The following is a summary of marketable securities and short-term investments at December 31, 2003 and 2002 (in millions):

                                                                                                                                                                             Unrealized                   Unrealized                    Estimated 
 2003                                                                                                                                             Cost                        Gains                         Losses                    Fair Value 

U.S. government & agency securities                                                      $        126             $          1              $         —             $       127
U.S. mortgage & asset-backed securities                                                           315                         1                        —                      316
U.S. corporate securities                                                                                   160                         2                         1                      161
U.S. state and local municipal securities                                                            158                        —                        —                      158
Other debt securities                                                                                            5                        —                         1                          4
   Total debt securities                                                                                     764                         4                         2                      766
Common equity securities                                                                                  66                       29                        —                        95
Preferred equity securities                                                                                149                        —                         9                      140  
                                                                                                            $        979             $        33              $        11             $    1,001  

                                                                                                                                                                            Unrealized                   Unrealized                     Estimated 
2002                                                                                                                                             Cost                        Gains                         Losses                     Fair Value 

U.S. government & agency securities                                                      $          79             $          3              $         —             $         82
U.S. mortgage & asset-backed securities                                                             72                         3                        —                        75
U.S. corporate securities                                                                                   147                         2                         1                      148
U.S. state and local municipal securities                                                              53                        —                        —                        53
Other debt securities                                                                                            4                        —                         1                          3
   Total debt securities                                                                                     355                         8                         2                      361
Common equity securities                                                                               379                         5                       62                      322
Preferred equity securities                                                                               125                        —                         5                      120
                                                                                                           $        859              $        13              $        69             $       803  

The gross realized gains on sales of marketable securities totaled $21, $11, and $34 million in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. The 

gross realized losses totaled $7, $10, and $7 million in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. Impairment losses recognized on marketable 
securities and short-term investments totaled $58, $5, and $0 million during 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.

The following table presents the age of gross unrealized losses and fair value by investment category for all securities in a loss position 

as of December 31, 2003 (in millions):

                                                                                               Less Than 12 Months                    12 Months or More                                   Total
                                                                                                                      Fair            Unrealized                       Fair            Unrealized                     Fair          Unrealized
                                                                                                                    Value                  Losses                    Value                  Losses                  Value                Losses

U.S. government & agency securities                                   $     24           $      —             $      1 
  $      —            $   25          $       — 
U.S. mortgage & asset-backed securities                                       9                   —                     1                  —                 10                  — 
U.S. corporate securities                                                             38                    1                   10                  —                 48                  1
U.S. state and local municipal securities                                     10                   —                    —                  —                 10                  —
Other debt securities                                                                  —                    1                    —                  —                  —                  1
    Total debt securities                                                              81                    2                   12                  —                 93                  2
Common equity securities                                                           —                   —                    —                  —                  —                  — 
Preferred equity securities                                                          —                   —                   91                   9                 91                  9 
                                                                                         $     81           $       2             $ 103          $       9            $ 184          $     11 

32 UPS Annual Report 2003

 
                                                                                                                                                            
The unrealized losses in the preferred equity securities relate 
to securities issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association 
(FNMA) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation 
(FHLMC), and are primarily due to changes in market interest 
rates. Due to the periodic interest rate adjustment features on 
these securities, we do not consider these losses to be other-than-
temporary. We have both the intent and ability to hold the securities 
contained in the previous table for a time necessary to recover the 
cost basis.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of marketable 
securities and short-term investments at December 31, 2003, by 
contractual maturity, are shown below (in millions). Actual maturi-
ties may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of 
the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without 
prepayment penalties.

Estimated

Fair Value

Cost 

Due in one year or less                                $      19        $       19
Due after one year through three years              150              150
Due after three years through five years               19                19
Due after five years                                           576              578
                                                                        764              766
Equity securities                                                215              235
                                                                  $    979        $ 1,001

NOTE 3. FINANCE RECEIVABLES

The following is a summary of finance receivables at 
December 31, 2003 and 2002 (in millions):

                                                                                            2003                2002

Commercial term loans                                $    438        $     523
Investment in finance leases                              270              218
Asset-based lending                                           290              381
Receivable factoring                                          468              400
Gross finance receivables                                1,466           1,522
Less: Allowance for credit losses                         (52)            (38)
Balance at December 31                             $ 1,414        $ 1,484

Outstanding receivable balances at December 31, 2003 and 
2002 are net of unearned income of $48 and $35 million, respec-
tively. When we “factor” (i.e., purchase) a customer invoice from 
a client, we record the customer receivable as an asset and also 
establish a liability for the funds due to the client, which is recorded 
in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheet.

The following is a reconciliation of receivable factoring 

balances at December 31, 2003 and 2002 (in millions):

                                                                                         2003                2002 

Customer receivable balances                   $       468     $        400 
Less: Amounts due to client                              (195)          (176)
Net funds employed                                 $       273     $        224 

Non-earning finance receivables were $67 and $41 million at 
December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The following is a roll-
forward of the allowance for credit losses on finance receivables   
(in millions):

                                                                                         2003                2002

Balance at January 1                                $         38     $         30
Provisions charged to operations                          39                26
Charge-offs, net of recoveries                             (25)            (18)
Balance at December 31                          $         52     $          38

The carrying value of finance receivables at December 31, 2003, 

by contractual maturity, is shown below (in millions). Actual 
maturities may differ from contractual maturities because some 
borrowers have the right to prepay these receivables without 
prepayment penalties.

                                                                                                     Carrying Value
Due in one year or less                                                 $       872
Due after one year through three years                                   144
Due after three years through five years                                 107
Due after five years                                                               343
                                                                                   $    1,466

Based on interest rates for financial instruments with similar 
terms and maturities, the fair value of finance receivables is approx-
imately $1.384 and $1.492 billion as of December 31, 2003 and 
2002, respectively. At December 31, 2003, we had unfunded loan 
commitments totaling $493 million, consisting of standby letters of 
credit of $68 million and other unfunded lending commitments of 
$425 million. 

Notes to consolidated financial statements   33

            
 
     
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements

NOTE 4. PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant, and equipment as of December 31 consists 
of the following (in millions):

                                                                                         2003                2002

Vehicles                                                   $    3,486     $     3,467
Aircraft (including aircraft 
    under capitalized leases)                          10,897         10,151
Land                                                                 721              704 
Buildings                                                        2,083           2,049 
Leasehold improvements                                2,219           2,159 
Plant equipment                                             4,410           4,248
Technology equipment 
    (including capitalized software)                  2,366           1,998 
Equipment under operating lease                         53                50 
Construction-in-progress                                    680              535 
                                                                   26,915         25,361 
Less: Accumulated 
    depreciation and amortization                (13,007)     (11,749)
                                                               $ 13,908     $   13,612

NOTE 5. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

We maintain the following defined benefit pension plans (the 
“Plans’’): UPS Retirement Plan, UPS Excess Coordinating 
Benefit Plan, and the UPS Pension Plan. 

The UPS Retirement Plan is noncontributory and includes 
substantially all eligible employees of participating domestic 
subsidiaries who are not members of a collective bargaining 
unit. The Plan provides for retirement benefits based on average 
compensation levels earned by employees prior to retirement. 
Benefits payable under this Plan are subject to maximum com-
pensation limits and the annual benefit limits for a tax qualified 
defined benefit plan as prescribed by the Internal Revenue Service.
The UPS Excess Coordinating Benefit Plan is a non-qualified 
plan that provides benefits to participants in the UPS Retirement 
Plan for amounts that exceed the benefit limits described above.

The UPS Pension Plan is noncontributory and includes certain 

eligible employees of participating domestic subsidiaries and 
members of collective bargaining units that elect to participate in 
the Plan. The Plan provides for retirement benefits based on service 
credits earned by employees prior to retirement.

Our funding policy is consistent with relevant federal tax 
regulations. Accordingly, our contributions are deductible for 
federal income tax purposes. Because the UPS Excess Coordinating 
Benefit Plan is non-qualified for federal income tax purposes, this 
Plan is not funded.

We also sponsor postretirement medical plans that provide 
health care benefits to our retirees who meet certain eligibility 
requirements and who are not otherwise covered by multi-
employer plans. Generally, this includes employees with at least 
10 years of service who have reached age 55 and employees who 
are eligible for postretirement medical benefits from a Company-
sponsored plan pursuant to collective bargaining agreements. We 
have the right to modify or terminate certain of these plans. In many 
cases, these benefits have been provided to retirees on a noncontribu-
tory basis; however, in certain cases, retirees are required to contribute 
toward the cost of the coverage.

Our accumulated postretirement benefit obligation and net 
periodic cost for our postretirement medical benefits do not reflect 
the effects of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and 
Modernization Act of 2003 (the “Act”). The provisions of the 
Act provide for a federal subsidy for plans that provide prescription 
drug benefits and meet certain qualifications. Specific authoritative 
guidance on the accounting for the federal subsidy is pending, and 
when that guidance is issued, it could require us to change information 
related to our actuarially determined, accumulated postretirement 
benefit obligation, and net periodic cost for our postretirement medical 
benefit plans.

34 UPS Annual Report 2003

Benefit Obligations

The following table provides a reconciliation of the changes in the plans’ benefit obligations as of September 30 (in millions):

                                                                                                                                                                                                Postretirement
                                                                                                                                                                         Pension Benefits                                  Medical Benefits 
                                                                                                                                     2003                  2002                      2003                    2002 

Net benefit obligation at October 1, prior year                                                         $    6,670       $    5,347          $   2,149         $   1,759  
Service cost                                                                                                                   282                217                    79                  63  
Interest cost                                                                                                                   465                413                  148                134
Plan participants’ contributions                                                                                           —                   —                      6                    3  
Plan amendments                                                                                                              3                100                   (22)                38  
Actuarial (gain) loss                                                                                                        876                777                  337                236  
Gross benefits paid                                                                                                        (204)            (184)               (105)               (84)
Net benefit obligation at September 30                                                                   $   8,092       $    6,670          $   2,592         $   2,149 

                                                                                                                                                                                                Postretirement
Weighted-average assumptions used to                                                                                                Pension Benefits                                  Medical Benefits 
  determine benefit obligations:                                                                                    2003                  2002                      2003                    2002 

Discount rate                                                                                                                6.25%            6.75%              6.25%            6.75% 
Rate of annual increase in future compensation levels                                                    4.00%            4.00%               N/A                  N/A  

The accumulated benefit obligation for our pension plans as 
of September 30, 2003 and 2002 was $7.325 and $5.977 billion, 
respectively. We use a measurement date of September 30 for 
our pension and postretirement benefit plans. 

Future postretirement medical benefit costs were forecasted 
assuming an initial annual increase of 9.00%, decreasing to 5.00%  
by the year 2013 and with consistent annual increases at those 
ultimate levels thereafter. 

Assumed health care cost trends have a significant effect on 
the amounts reported for the postretirement medical plans. A 
one-percent change in assumed health care cost trend rates 
would have the following effects (in millions):

                                                                                1% Increase    1% Decrease

Effect on postretirement 
    benefit obligation                                       $    78         $   (76)           

Plan Assets

Because the UPS Excess Coordinating Plan is not funded, 

the Company has recorded an additional minimum pension liability 
for this plan of $105 and $88 million at December 31, 2003 and 
2002, respectively. This liability is included in the other credits and 
non-current liabilities portion of Note 9. As of December 31, 2003 
and 2002, the Company has recorded an intangible asset of $5 
and $7 million, respectively, representing the net unrecognized 
prior service cost for this plan. A total of $63 and $50 million at
December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively, was recorded as a
reduction of other comprehensive income in Shareowners’ Equity
(net of the tax effect of $37 and $31 million, respectively). The 
unfunded accumulated benefit obligation of the UPS Excess 
Coordinating Benefit Plan was $154 and $121 million as of 
December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the changes in the plans’ assets as of September 30 (in millions):

                                                                                                                                                                                                Postretirement
                                                                                                                                                                         Pension Benefits                                  Medical Benefits 
                                                                                                                                     2003                  2002                      2003                    2002 

Fair value of plan assets at October 1, prior year                                                      $   6,494       $    6,496           $      337         $     372  
Actual return on plan assets                                                                                         1,143                  77                    47                    3   
Employer contributions                                                                                                   390                105                  124                  43  
Plan participants’ contributions                                                                                           —                   —                      6                    3  
Gross benefits paid                                                                                                        (204)            (184)               (105)               (84) 

Fair value of plan assets at September 30                                                                $   7,823       $    6,494           $      409         $     337  

Notes to consolidated financial statements   35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
Notes to consolidated financial statements

The asset allocation for our pension and other postretirement plans as of September 30, 2003 and 2002 and the target allocation for 

2004, by asset category, are as follows:

                                                                                                                                      Weighted Average                          Percentage of Plan Assets
                                                                                                                                                                         Target Allocation                                 at September 30, 
                                                                                                                                             2004                                      2003                    2002

         Equity securities                                                                                                     55% - 65%                       60.2%               60.0% 
         Fixed income securities                                                                                           20% - 30%                        28.5%               25.4%
         Real estate/other                                                                                                   10% - 15%                        11.3%               14.6% 
         Total                                                                                                                                                             100.0%             100.0% 

Equity securities include UPS Class A shares of common stock in the amounts of $392 (4.8% of total plan assets) and $384 million 

(5.6% of total plan assets), as of September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

The UPS benefit plan committees establish investment guidelines and strategies, and regularly monitor the performance of the funds 

and portfolio managers. Our investment strategy with respect to pension assets is to invest the assets in accordance with ERISA and 
fiduciary standards. The long-term primary objectives for our pension assets are to (1) provide for a reasonable amount of long-term 
growth of capital, without undue exposure to risk, and protect the assets from erosion of purchasing power, and (2) provide investment 
results that meet or exceed the plans’ actuarially assumed long-term rate of return.

Funded Status

The funded status of the plans, reconciled to the amounts on the balance sheet, is as follows (in millions):

                                                                                                                                                                                       Postretirement
                                                                                                                                                                         Pension Benefits                                  Medical Benefits 
                                                                                                                                     2003                  2002                      2003                    2002 

Fair value of plan assets at September 30                                                                $    7,823       $    6,494          $      409       $       337
Benefit obligation at September 30                                                                             (8,092)          (6,670)            (2,592)          (2,149)
Funded status at September 30                                                                                      (269)            (176)            (2,183)          (1,812)

Amounts not yet recognized:
    Unrecognized net actuarial (gain) loss                                                                      2,085             1,712                  820                516
    Unrecognized prior service cost                                                                                  331                364                    11                  35 
    Unrecognized net transition obligation                                                                           23                  31                      —                    — 
    Employer contributions                                                                                               752                    1                    17                  10 
Net asset (liability) recorded at December 31                                                          $    2,922       $    1,932          $  (1,335)     $   (1,251)

Prepaid pension cost                                                                                              $    2,970       $    1,964          $          —       $           — 
Accrued benefit cost                                                                                                      (153)            (120)            (1,335)          (1,251)
Intangible asset                                                                                                                  5                    7                      —                    — 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (pre-tax)                                                       100                  81                      —                    — 
Net asset (liability) recorded at December 31                                                          $    2,922       $    1,932          $  (1,335)     $   (1,251)

At September 30, 2003 and 2002, the projected benefit obligation, the accumulated benefit obligation, and the fair value of plan assets 
for pension plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets and for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation 
in excess of plan assets were as follows (in millions):
                                                                                                                                                                Projected Benefit Obligation               Accumulated Benefit Obligation
                                                                                                                                                                  Exceeds the Fair Value of                      Exceeds the Fair Value of
                                                                                                                                                                             Plan Assets                                          Plan Assets 
As of September 30                                                                                                           2003                  2002                      2003                    2002 

Projected benefit obligation                                                                                    $   6,772       $   5,640           $     178         $     141 
Accumulated benefit obligation                                                                               $   6,004       $    4,948           $     154         $     121 
Fair value of plan assets                                                                                          $   6,479       $    5,461           $         —         $         — 

36 UPS Annual Report 2003

                                                                                                                                                                                                           
The accumulated postretirement benefit obligation exceeds plan assets for all of our other postretirement benefit plans.

Expected Cash Flows

Information about expected cash flows for the pension and postretirement benefit plans is as follows (in millions):

Employer Contributions:                             Pension Benefits           Other Benefits

2004 (expected) to plan trusts 

        $     426 

 $     64

Net Periodic Benefit Cost

Information about net periodic benefit cost for the pension and postretirement benefit plans is as follows (in millions):

                                                                                                                                       Pension Benefits                                                          Medical Benefits
Net Periodic Cost:                                                                   2003                    2002                     2001                  2003                    2002                 2001

Service cost                                                                    $     282        $       217          $     192        $       79         $       63       $       55  
Interest cost                                                                           465                413                363                148               134              118  
Expected return on assets                                                      (669)             (654)              (616)               (29)               (33)              (42) 
Amortization of:                                                                                                                                                                                        
    Transition obligation                                                               8                    8                    8                   —                  —                  — 
    Prior service cost                                                                 37                  30                  30                    1                  (1)                (1) 
    Actuarial (gain) loss                                                             28                    4                   (7)                 15                   4                  —  
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)                                    $      151        $         18          $      (30)       $     214         $     167        $     130 

Postretirement

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net cost: 

Discount rate                                                                      6.75%            7.50%            7.75%           6.75%           7.50%           7.75%  
Rate of compensation increase                                            4.00%            4.00%            4.00%               N/A               N/A              N/A 
Expected return on plan assets                                            9.21%            9.42%            9.50%           9.25%           9.50%           9.50%

The expected return on plan assets assumption was developed using various market assumptions in combination with the plans’ asset

allocations and active investment management. These assumptions and allocations were evaluated using input from a third-party 
consultant and various pension plan asset managers, including their review of asset class return expectations and long-term inflation 
assumptions. The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield is the foundation for all other market assumptions, and various risk premiums are added 
to determine the expected return for each allocation. As of our September 30, 2003 measurement date, it was projected that the funds 
could achieve an  8.96% net return over time, using the plans’ asset allocations and active management strategy.

Assumed health care cost trends have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the postretirement medical plans. A one-percent 

change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects (in millions):

                                                                               1% Increase           1% Decrease

Effect on total of service 
    cost and interest cost                                $      6              $ 

(6)

Notes to consolidated financial statements   37

Notes to consolidated financial statements

Other Plans

We also contribute to several multi-employer pension plans for 
which the previous disclosure information is not determinable. 
Amounts charged to operations for pension contributions to these 
multi-employer plans were $1.066 and $1.028 billion, and $977 
million during 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.

We also contribute to several multi-employer health and welfare 

plans that cover both active and retired employees for which the 
previous disclosure information is not determinable. Amounts 
charged to operations for contributions to multi-employer health 
and welfare plans were $691, $604, and $553 million during 2003, 
2002, and 2001, respectively.

We also sponsor a defined contribution plan for all employees 
not covered under collective bargaining agreements. The Company 
matches, in shares of UPS common stock, a portion of the partici-
pating employees’ contributions. Matching contributions charged 
to expense were $87, $79, and $71 million for 2003, 2002, and 
2001, respectively.

In the fourth quarter of 2002, our vacation policy for 

non-union employees was amended to require that vacation pay 
be earned ratably throughout the year. Previously, an employee 
became vested in the full year of vacation pay at the beginning of 
each year. As a result of this policy change, a credit to compensation 
and benefits of $197 million was taken in the fourth quarter to 
reduce the vacation pay liability as of December 31, 2002.

NOTE 6. GOODWILL, INTANGIBLES, AND OTHER ASSETS

Other assets as of December 31 consist of the following (in millions): 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2003                                2002

Non-current finance receivables, net of allowance for credit losses                                                            $         574                $         616 
Other non-current assets                                                                                                                                    379                          279 
                                                                                                                                                              $         953               $         895 

The following table indicates the allocation of goodwill by reportable segment (in millions):

                                                                                                                        U.S. Domestic                     International
                                                                                                                                Package                           Package                  Non-Package                     Consolidated

December 31, 2001 balance                                                         $        —                  $      102                   $  1,014                 $    1,116 
    Acquired                                                                                            —                            —                            —                             — 
    Impaired                                                                                            —                            —                          (74)                         (74) 
    Currency/Other                                                                                 —                            —                           28                           28 

December 31, 2002 balance                                                                   —                         102                         968                       1,070 
    Acquired                                                                                            —                            —                           30                           30 
    Impaired                                                                                            —                            —                            —                             — 
    Currency/Other                                                                                 —                            (2)                          75                           73 
December 31, 2003 balance                                                        $        —                  $      100                   $ 1,073                  $    1,173

The goodwill added in the non-package segment resulted from the purchase of the remaining minority interest in a previously 

acquired company.

38 UPS Annual Report 2003

The following is a summary of intangible assets at December 31, 2003 and 2002 (in millions): 

December 31, 2003:                                                   
Gross carrying amount                                                                            
Accumulated amortization                                                                        
Net carrying value                                                                                  

December 31, 2002:                                                                              
Gross carrying amount                                                                            
Accumulated amortization                                                                       
Net carrying value                                                                                  

Trademarks,   
 Franchise Rights, Licenses, 
Patents, and Other 

Intangible 
Pension  
Asset 

Total
Intangible
Assets

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

118 
(23)  
95 

118  
(15)  
103 

$        5  
         —  
$        5 

$         7  
         —  
$         7 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

123 
(23) 
100

125 
(15) 
110

Amortization of intangible assets was $9, $8, and $7 million during 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Expected amortization of 

finite-lived intangibles for the next five years is as follows (in millions):  2004 - $9; 2005 - $9; 2006 - $9; 2007 - $9; 2008 - $6. 

NOTE 7. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS

We regularly explore opportunities to make acquisitions that 
would enhance our package delivery business and our various 
non-package businesses. Our acquisitions include both domestic 
and international transactions. During the three years ended 
December 31, 2003, we completed 10 acquisitions that were 
accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. In
connection with the foregoing transactions, we paid cash (net of 
cash acquired) in the aggregate amount of $30, $14, and $466 
million in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively, and issued aggregate 
UPS Class B common shares of 8.4 million in 2001. Pro forma 
results of operations have not been presented for any of the acquisi-
tions because the effects of these transactions were not material on 
either an individual or aggregate basis. The results of operations 
of each acquired company are included in our statements of con-
solidated income from the date of acquisition. The purchase price 
allocations of acquired companies can be modified up to one year 
after the date of acquisition, however we expect such adjustments 
to the purchase price allocations to be immaterial.

During 2001, we completed several acquisitions that were 
added to the non-package segment. We acquired Mail Boxes Etc., 
the world’s largest franchisor of independently owned and operated 
business, communication, and shipping centers worldwide, for 
cash of $185 million. We acquired Fritz Companies, Inc., a freight 
forwarding, customs brokerage, and logistics company, for 7.3 mil-
lion Class B common shares valued at $456 million. Additionally, 
we acquired First International Bancorp, Inc., a provider of 
structured trade finance, commercial, and government-backed 
lending products, for 1.1 million Class B common shares valued at 
$54 million. 

During the second quarter of 2003, we sold our Mail 
Technologies business unit in a transaction that increased net 
income by $14 million, or $0.01 per diluted share. The gain con-
sisted of a pre-tax loss of $24 million recorded in other operating 
expenses within the non-package segment, and a tax benefit of $38 
million recognized in conjunction with the sale. The tax benefit 
exceeded the pre-tax loss from this sale primarily because the 
goodwill impairment charge we previously recorded for the Mail 
Technologies business unit was not deductible for income tax pur-
poses. Consequently, our tax basis was greater than our book basis, 
thus producing the tax benefit described above.

During the third quarter of 2003, we sold our Aviation 

Technologies business unit and recognized a pre-tax gain of  $24 mil-
lion ($15 million after-tax, or $0.01 per diluted share), which 
is recorded in other operating expenses within the non-package 
segment. The operating results of both the Mail Technologies unit 
and the Aviation Technologies unit were previously included in 
our non-package segment, and were not material to our consoli-
dated operating results in any of the periods presented.

In January 2004, we announced the acquisition of the remaining 

49% minority interest in UPS Yamato Express Co., which is cur-
rently a joint venture with Yamato Transport Co. in Japan. UPS 
Yamato Express provides express package delivery services in Japan. 
Upon the close of the acquisition, UPS Yamato Express will become 
a wholly-owned subsidiary of UPS. The acquisition of UPS Yamato 
Express Co. will not have a material effect on our financial condition 
or results of operations.

Notes to consolidated financial statements   39

                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                           
 
 
 
 
             
  
 
 
Notes to consolidated financial statements

NOTE 8. LONG-TERM DEBT AND COMMITMENTS  

Long-term debt, as of December 31, consists of the following (in millions):  

                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2003                                2002

83/8% Debentures, due April 1, 2020 (i)                                                                                                    $         444               $         424
83/8% Debentures, due April 1, 2030 (i)                                                                                                               276                          276
Commercial paper (ii)                                                                                                                                          544                       1,036
Industrial development bonds, Philadelphia Airport facilities, due December 1, 2015 (iii)                                        100                          100
Special facilities revenue bonds, Louisville Airport facilities, due January 1, 2029 (iv)                                              149                          149
Floating rate senior notes (v)                                                                                                                                441                          341
1.75% Cash-settled convertible senior notes, due September 27, 2007 (vi)                                                               —                          323
Capitalized lease obligations (vii)                                                                                                                          451                          469
UPS Notes (viii)                                                                                                                                                    419                          568
5.50% Pound Sterling notes, due February 12, 2031                                                                                           887                          801
4.50% Singapore Dollar notes, due November 11, 2004                                                                                       59                           58
Installment notes, mortgages, and bonds at various rates                                                                                       53                           57
                                                                                                                                                                     3,823                       4,602
Less current maturities                                                                                                                                     (674)                    (1,107)
                                                                                                                                                             $     3,149               $      3,495

(i)      On January 22, 1998, we exchanged $276 million of an original $700 million in debentures for new debentures of equal principal with a maturity of April 1, 2030. The new debentures have the same interest rate 
as the 8 3/8% debentures due 2020 until April 1, 2020, and, thereafter, the interest rate will be 7.62% for the final 10 years. The 2030 debentures are redeemable in whole or in part at our option at any time. The 
redemption price is equal to the greater of 100% of the principal amount and accrued interest or the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payouts of principal and interest thereon discounted to 
the date of redemption at a benchmark treasury yield plus five basis points plus accrued interest. The remaining $424 million of 2020 debentures are not subject to redemption prior to maturity. Interest is payable
semiannually on the first of April and October for both debentures and neither debenture is subject to sinking fund requirements.

(ii)    The weighted average interest rate on the commercial paper outstanding as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, was 0.96% and 1.3%, respectively. At December 31, 2003 and 2002, the entire commercial paper 
        balance has been classified as a current liability. The amount of commercial paper outstanding in 2004 is expected to fluctuate. We are authorized to borrow up to $7.0 billion under the two commercial paper 
        programs we maintain as of December 31, 2003. 

(iii)   The industrial development bonds bear interest at a daily variable rate. The average interest rates for 2003 and 2002 were 0.9% and 1.3%, respectively.

(iv)   The special facilities revenue bonds bear interest at a daily variable rate. The average interest rates for 2003 and 2002 were 1.0% and 1.4%, respectively.

(v)    The floating rate senior notes bear interest at one-month LIBOR less 45 basis points. The average interest rates for 2003 and 2002 were 0.8% and 1.4%, respectively. These notes are callable at various times after 
        30 years at a stated percentage of par value, and putable by the note holders at various times after 10 years at a stated percentage of par value.

(vi)   The cash-settled convertible senior notes have a par value of $300 million, accrued interest at a stated rate of 1.75% and were callable after three years. The notes were exchangeable for an amount of cash that was
        indexed to the trading price of our Class B common stock. In conjunction with the debt offering, we entered into a swap transaction in which UPS paid 30 Day LIBOR less 38 basis points, and received the 1.75% cash 
        coupon plus any equity appreciation payable in cash on the notes. The average interest rate payable on the swap for 2003 and 2002 was 0.9% and 1.4%, respectively.

        In December 2003, we redeemed the cash-settled convertible senior notes at a price of 102.703, and also terminated the swap transaction associated with the notes. The redemption amount paid was lower than the 
        amount recorded for the fair value of the notes at the time of redemption, which, along with the cash settlement received on the swap, resulted in a $28 million gain recorded in 2003 results.

(vii) We have capitalized lease obligations for certain aircraft, which are included in Property, Plant, and Equipment at December 31 as follows (in millions):

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  2003                                   2002
Aircraft                                                                                                                                                                          $        1,474                 $        1,169
Accumulated amortization                                                                                                                                                          (198)                            (149)
                                                                                                                                                                                     $        1,276                 $        1,020

(viii)   The UPS Notes program involves the periodic issuance of fixed rate notes in $1,000 increments with various terms and maturities. At December 31, 2003, the coupon rates of the outstanding notes varied between 3.00% 
          and 6.25%, and the interest payments are made either monthly, quarterly, or semiannually.  The maturities of the notes range from 2006 to 2018. Substantially all of the fixed obligations associated with the notes were swapped to 
          floating rates, based on different LIBOR indices plus or minus a spread. The average interest rate payable on the swaps for 2003 and 2002 was 0.8% and 1.5%, respectively.

Based on the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for long-term debt with similar terms and maturities, the fair value
of long-term debt, including current maturities, is approximately $4.1 and $4.9 billion as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. 

We lease certain aircraft, facilities, equipment, and vehicles under operating leases, which expire at various dates through 2054. Certain 
of the leases contain escalation clauses and renewal or purchase options. Rent expense related to our operating leases was $678, $685, and 
$747 million for 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.  

40 UPS Annual Report 2003

The following table sets forth the aggregate minimum lease payments under capitalized and operating leases, the aggregate annual prin-
cipal payments due under our long-term debt, and the aggregate amounts expected to be spent for purchase commitments (in millions):

                                                                                                                                          Capitalized                    Operating                            Debt                     Purchase
Year                                                                                                                                          Leases                        Leases                      Principal              Commitments

2004                                                                                                     $        68             $       314             $        621             $      858
2005                                                                                                               96                      264                          2                     747
2006                                                                                                               69                      187                          2                     833
2007                                                                                                             119                      128                          1                     798
2008                                                                                                             128                        99                        27                     697
After 2008                                                                                                     137                      457                   2,697                     604
Total                                                                                                              617             $    1,449             $     3,350             $   4,537
Less: Imputed interest                                                                                    (166)
Present value of minimum capitalized lease payments                                     451
Less: Current portion                                                                                        (56)
Long-term capitalized lease obligations                                                   $      395 

As of December 31, 2003, we had outstanding letters of credit 
totaling approximately $1.667 billion issued in connection with 
routine business requirements. 

We maintain two credit agreements with a consortium of banks 
that provide revolving credit facilities of $1.0 billion each, with one 
expiring April 22, 2004 and the other April 24, 2008. Interest on 
any amounts we borrow under these facilities would be charged at 
90-day LIBOR plus 15 basis points. At December 31, 2003, there 
were no outstanding borrowings under these facilities. In addition, 
we maintain an extendible commercial notes program under which 
we are authorized to borrow up to $500 million. No amounts were 
outstanding under this program at December 31, 2003.

We have a $2.0 billion shelf registration statement under which 
we may issue debt securities in the United States. The debt may be 
denominated in a variety of currencies. There was approximately 
$85 million issued under this shelf registration statement at 
December 31, 2003. We also maintain a $1.0 billion European 
medium-term note program. Under this program, we may issue 
notes from time to time, denominated in a variety of currencies. At 
December 31, 2003, $1.0 billion was available under this program.

NOTE 10. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS AND CONTINGENCIES

On August 9, 1999, the U. S.Tax Court held that we were         
liable for tax on income of Overseas Partners Ltd., a Bermuda 
company that had reinsured excess value (“EV”) package insur-
ance purchased by our customers beginning in 1984, and that we 
were liable for additional tax for the 1983 and 1984 tax years. 
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) took similar positions to those 
advanced in the Tax Court decision for tax years subsequent to 
1984 through 1998. On June 20, 2001, the U. S. Court of Appeals 
for the Eleventh Circuit ruled in our favor and reversed the Tax 
Court’s decision. In January 2003, we and the IRS finalized settle-
ment of all outstanding tax issues related to EV package insurance. 
Under the terms of settlement, we agreed to adjustments that will 
result in income tax due of approximately $562 million, additions 
to tax of $60 million, and related interest. The amount due to the 
IRS as a result of the settlement is less than amounts we previously 
had accrued. As a result, we recorded income, before taxes, of 
$1.023 billion ($776 million after tax) during the fourth quarter of 
2002. The refunds and credits associated with this settlement are 
expected to occur over the next several years.

NOTE 9. DEFERRED TAXES, CREDITS, AND OTHER LIABILITIES 

Deferred taxes, credits, and other liabilities as of December 31 
consist of the following (in millions):

                                                                                              2003                 2002

Deferred federal and state income taxes        $   2,491       $   2,307 
Insurance reserves                                                923               779 
Other credits and non-current liabilities                  641               515 
                                                                    $  4,055       $   3,601 

Notes to consolidated financial statements   41

Notes to consolidated financial statements

The IRS has proposed adjustments, unrelated to the EV package 
insurance matters discussed above, regarding the allowance of 
deductions and certain losses, the characterization of expenses as 
capital rather than ordinary, the treatment of certain income, and 
our entitlement to the investment tax credit and the research tax 
credit in the 1985 through 1990 tax years. The proposed adjust-
ments would result in $10 million of additional income tax. The 
IRS has also issued a report taking a similar position with respect to 
some of these issues for each of the years from 1991 through 1994. 
That report proposes adjustments that would result in $42 million 
in additional income tax. The IRS’s proposed adjustments include 
penalties and penalty interest. We believe that the possibility that 
such penalties and penalty interest will be sustained is remote. In 
November 2002, the IRS issued a report taking a similar position 
with respect to some of these issues for each of the years 1995 
through 1998. That report proposes adjustments that would result 
in $7 million in additional income tax. For the 1985 through 
1998 tax years, unpaid interest on these adjustments through 
December 31, 2003 could aggregate up to approximately $178 
million, after the benefit of related tax deductions. We expect that 
we will prevail on substantially all of these issues. Specifically, we 
believe that our practice of expensing the items that the IRS alleges 
should have been capitalized is consistent with the practices of 
other industry participants. The IRS may take similar positions 
with respect to some of these issues for each of the years 1999 
through 2003. We believe that the eventual resolution of these 
issues will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condi-
tion, results of operations, or liquidity. 

We are named as a defendant in 23 pending lawsuits that seek 
to hold us liable for the collection of premiums for EV insurance in 
connection with package shipments since 1984. Based on state and 
federal tort, contract, and statutory claims, these cases generally 
claim that we failed to remit collected EV premiums to an indepen-
dent insurer; we failed to provide promised EV insurance; we acted 
as an insurer without complying with state insurance laws and regu-
lations; and the price for EV insurance was excessive. These actions 
were all filed after the August 9, 1999 U. S. Tax Court decision. 

These 23 cases have been consolidated for pre-trial purposes 

in a multi-district litigation proceeding (“MDL Proceeding”) 
in federal court in New York. In addition to the cases in which UPS 
is named as a defendant, there also is an action, Smith v. Mail 
Boxes Etc., against Mail Boxes Etc. and its franchisees relating to 
UPS EV insurance and related services purchased through Mail 
Boxes Etc. centers. This case also has been consolidated into the 
MDL Proceeding. 

While expressly denying any and all liability, the parties have 

obtained preliminary court approval of a global settlement 
resolving all claims and all cases in the MDL Proceeding. The 
proposed settlement requires several steps before it becomes final, 
including notice to the settlement class, and obtaining final court 
approval. If the proposed settlement becomes final, we would pro-
vide to qualifying settlement class members vouchers toward the 
purchase of specified UPS services and pay a portion of the plain-
tiffs’ attorneys’ fees, the total amount of which will be determined 
by the Court. The ultimate cost to us of the proposed settlement 
will depend on a number of factors. We do not believe that this 
proposed settlement will have a material effect on our financial 
condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

In addition, we are a defendant in various other lawsuits that 
arose in the normal course of business. We believe that the eventual 
resolution of these cases will not have a material adverse effect on 
our financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

We participate in a number of trustee-managed, multi-employer 
pension and health and welfare plans for employees covered under 
collective bargaining agreements. Several factors could result in 
higher future contributions to these plans, including unfavorable 
investment performance, changes in demographics, and increased 
benefits to participants. At this time, we are unable to determine 
the amount of additional future contributions, if any, or whether 
any material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of 
operations, or cash flows could result from our participation in 
these plans.

42 UPS Annual Report 2003

NOTE 11. CAPITAL STOCK AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Capital Stock

We maintain two classes of common stock, which are distinguished 
from each other by their respective voting rights. Class A shares of 
UPS are entitled to 10 votes per share, whereas Class B shares are 
entitled to one vote per share. Class A shares are primarily held by 
UPS employees, and these shares are fully convertible into Class B 
shares at any time. Class B shares are publicly traded on the New 
York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol “UPS.”

Incentive Compensation Plan

The UPS Incentive Compensation Plan permits the grant of non-
qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation 
rights, restricted stock, performance shares, performance units, and 
management incentive awards to eligible employees. The number 
of shares reserved for issuance under the Plan is 112 million, with 
the number of shares reserved for issuance as restricted stock lim-
ited to 34 million. As of December 31, 2003, management incentive 
awards, stock options, and restricted stock performance units had 
been granted under the Incentive Compensation Plan.

Management Incentive Awards

Persons earning the right to receive management incentive awards 
are determined annually by the Compensation Committee of the 
UPS Board of Directors. This Committee, in its sole discretion, 
determines the total award, which consists of UPS Class A common 
stock, given in any year. Amounts expensed for management incen-
tive awards were $606, $556, and $651 million during 2003, 2002, 
and 2001, respectively. 

Nonqualified Stock Options
We maintain fixed stock option plans, under which options are 
granted to purchase shares of UPS Class A common stock. Prior to 
adoption of the Incentive Compensation Plan, these options were 
granted at the current price of UPS shares as determined by the 
UPS Board of Directors on the date of option grant. Stock options 
granted in connection with the Incentive Compensation Plan must 
have an exercise price at least equal to the NYSE closing price of 
UPS Class B common stock on the date the option was granted. 
Persons earning the right to receive stock options are deter-
mined each year by the Compensation Committee and the UPS 
Board of Directors. Except in the case of death, disability, or 
retirement, options granted prior to the adoption of our Incentive 
Compensation Plan are exercisable only during a limited period 
after the expiration of five years from the date of grant, while 
options granted under the Incentive Compensation Plan are gener-
ally exercisable three to five years from the date of grant and before 
the expiration of the option 10 years after the date of grant. All 
options granted are subject to earlier cancellation or exercise under 
certain conditions.

The following is an analysis of options to purchase shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding: 

                                                                                                                                   2003                                              2002                                            2001

                                                                                                              Weighted                                         Weighted                                       Weighted                         
                                                                                                                Average                  Shares                Average                 Shares              Average                Shares 
                                                                                                                    Price       (in thousands)                   Price       (in thousands)                  Price      (in thousands)

Outstanding at beginning of year                                    $    38.73           27,745        $    29.64          29,224       $   20.57          29,312
Exercised                                                                            18.59           (7,297)             15.91           (6,434)           13.50          (5,918)
Granted                                                                              62.40             2,860              60.22            5,760            56.90            5,522
Assumed in acquisitions                                                              —                   —                    —                  —            58.41              727
Forfeited/expired                                                                44.63               (563)             46.08              (805)           19.94             (419)
Outstanding at end of year                                             $    48.02           22,745        $    38.73          27,745       $   29.64          29,224 

Notes to consolidated financial statements   43

Notes to consolidated financial statements

Options were granted to eligible employees under the 1996 Stock Option Plan in March 1999, but options will no longer be granted 
under that plan. Beginning in November 1999, options were granted under the Incentive Compensation Plan, and a limited option grant to 
certain employees under this plan occurred in 2000. Beginning in 2001 and in future years, options to eligible employees will generally be 
granted annually during the first half of each year at the discretion of the Board of Directors.

During 2001, we assumed employee stock options in connection with our acquisitions of Fritz Companies, Inc. and First International 

Bancorp, Inc. (see Note 7), which were converted into options to purchase UPS Class A common shares. Existing stock option plans at 
Fritz Companies, Inc. were assumed by UPS; however, options will no longer be granted under these plans. Existing stock option plans at First 
International Bancorp, Inc. were terminated upon the completion of the acquisition.

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2003: 

                                                                                                                                   Options Outstanding                                                            Options Exercisable 

                                                                                                                   Shares           Average Life                     Average                              Shares                      Average
Exercise Price Range                                                                         (in thousands)               (in years)            Exercise Price                  (in thousands)            Exercise Price

$13.94 - $21.50                                                                  6,197                 0.33            $    21.49                           10           $      17.85 
$34.37 - $50.63                                                                  2,796                 5.82                  49.93                      2,749                  49.93 
$56.25 - $59.45                                                                  5,265                 7.21                  56.97                         153                  59.02 
$60.22 - $60.61                                                                  5,576                 8.32                  60.22                            —                        — 
$61.88 - $143.13                                                                2,911                 9.16                  63.12                           83                  87.56 
                                                                                         22,745                 5.69            $    48.02                      2,995           $      51.34 

Restricted Performance Units

During 2003, we issued restricted performance units under the Incentive Compensation Plan. Upon vesting, restricted performance units 
result in the issuance of the equivalent number of UPS Class A common shares. Persons earning the right to receive restricted performance 
units are determined each year by the Compensation Committee and the UPS Board of Directors. Except in the case of death, disability, or 
retirement, restricted performance units vest five years after the date of grant. All restricted performance units granted are subject to earlier 
cancellation or exercise under certain conditions. During 2003, we issued 1.164 million restricted performance units with a weighted 
average fair value of $62.40.  

Discounted Employee Stock Purchase Plan

During 2001, we initiated an employee stock purchase plan for all eligible employees. Under the plan, shares of UPS Class A common stock 
may be purchased at quarterly intervals at 90% of the lower of the NYSE closing price on the first or the last day of each quarterly period. 
Employees purchased 1.9, 1.8, and 0.4 million shares at average prices of $54.08, $50.79, and $46.78 per share during 2003, 2002, and 
2001, respectively.

44 UPS Annual Report 2003

Deferred Compensation Arrangements

Segment information as of, and for the years ended December 31 

We maintain a deferred compensation plan whereby certain 
employees may elect to defer the gains on stock option exercises 
by deferring the shares received upon exercise into a rabbi trust. 
The shares held in this trust are classified as treasury stock, and 
the liability to participating employees is classified as “Deferred 
Compensation Arrangements” in the shareowners’ equity section of 
the balance sheet. The amount of shares needed to settle the liability 
for deferred compensation arrangements is included in the denomi-
nator in both the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations.

NOTE 12. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION 

We report our operations in three segments: U.S. domestic package 
operations, international package operations, and non-package 
operations. Package operations represent our most significant 
business and are broken down into regional operations around 
the world. Regional operations managers are responsible for both 
domestic and export operations within their geographic area. 

U.S. Domestic Package 

Domestic package operations include the time-definite delivery of 
letters, documents, and packages throughout the United States.

International Package 

International package operations include delivery to more than 200 
countries and territories worldwide, including shipments wholly 
outside the United States, as well as shipments with either origin or 
distribution outside the United States. Our international package 
reporting segment includes the operations of our Europe, Asia-
Pacific, Canada, and Americas operating segments.

Non-Package 

Non-package operations include UPS Supply Chain Solutions, Mail 
Boxes Etc. (the franchisor of Mail Boxes Etc. and The UPS Store), 
UPS Capital Corporation, our mail and consulting services, and 
our excess value package insurance business. UPS Supply Chain 
Solutions, which comprises our former UPS Freight Services and 
UPS Logistics Group businesses, provides supply chain design and 
management, freight forwarding, and customs brokerage services.
In evaluating financial performance, we focus on operating 
profit as a segment’s measure of profit or loss. Operating profit is 
before investment income, interest expense, and income taxes. The 
accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those 
described in the summary of accounting policies (see Note 1), with 
certain expenses allocated between the segments using activity-
based costing methods. Unallocated assets are comprised primarily 
of cash, marketable securities, and short-term investments.

is as follows (in millions):

                                                                 2003                 2002                2001 

Revenue:                                                                                                
    U.S. domestic package      $ 25,022    $   23,924     $   23,997
    International package             5,561           4,680           4,245
    Non-package                          2,902           2,668           2,079
         Consolidated                $   33,485     $  31,272     $ 30,321
Operating Profit:
    U.S. domestic package     $     3,272     $    3,576     $    3,620
    International package                709             322              125
    Non-package                             464             198              217
         Consolidated                $     4,445     $    4,096     $    3,962
Assets:                                                                                       
    U.S. domestic package     $   15,446     $  14,662     $ 16,180
    International package             4,287           3,271           2,969
    Non-package                         6,038           6,245           4,846
    Unallocated                           3,138           2,179              641
         Consolidated                $   28,909     $  26,357     $ 24,636

Non-package operating profit included $114, $112, and $113 

million for 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively, of intersegment 
profit, with a corresponding amount of operating expense, which 
reduces operating profit, included in the U.S. domestic package 
segment.

Revenue by product type for the years ended December 31 is 

as follows (in millions): 

                                                                 2003                 2002                2001 

U.S. domestic package:
    Next Day Air                    $     5,580     $    5,349     $    5,433             
    Deferred                                2,982           2,868           2,893             
    Ground                                16,460         15,707         15,671 
Total U.S. domestic package      25,022         23,924         23,997             
International package:                                                                             
    Domestic                               1,134             943              907             
    Export                                    4,001           3,276           2,931             
    Cargo                                       426             461              407 
Total International package         5,561           4,680           4,245             
Non-package:
    UPS Supply Chain Solutions    2,126           1,969           1,479             
    Other                                        776             699              600 
Total Non-package                       2,902           2,668           2,079
         Consolidated                $   33,485     $  31,272     $ 30,321

Notes to consolidated financial statements   45

Notes to consolidated financial statements

Geographic information as of, and for the years ended, 

NOTE 14. INCOME TAXES 

December 31 is as follows (in millions):

                                                                   2003                 2002                2001 

U.S.:                                                                                                      
    Revenue                           $ 26,968    $   26,284     $   26,163           
    Long-lived assets               $ 14,915    $   14,129     $   13,717           
International:                                                                                         
    Revenue                           $    6,517    $     4,988     $     4,158           
    Long-lived assets               $    3,567    $     2,874     $     3,050           
Consolidated:                                                                                        
    Revenue                           $ 33,485    $   31,272     $   30,321           
    Long-lived assets               $ 18,482    $   17,003     $   16,767 

Revenue, for geographic disclosure, is based on the location 
in which service originates. Long-lived assets include property, 
plant and equipment, prepaid pension costs, long-term 
investments, goodwill, and intangible assets.

NOTE 13. OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES 

The major components of other operating expenses for the 
years ended December 31 are as follows (in millions):

                                                                 2003                 2002                2001 

Repairs and maintenance        $   1,109    $     1,013     $    1,050             
Depreciation and amortization     1,549           1,464          1,396             
Purchased transportation            1,828           1,665          1,652             
Fuel                                           1,050             952          1,000             
Other occupancy                           576             513             524             
Restructuring charge and 
    related expenses (Note 17)             9             106                — 
Other expenses                          3,591           3,523          3,340 
                                             $   9,712    $     9,236     $    8,962 

The income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31 
consists of the following (in millions): 

                                                                 2003                 2002                2001 

Current:                                                                                                  
    Federal                             $    1,103    $     1,208     $     1,065             
    State                                        112             148              151             
    Foreign                                        87               62                38 
         Total Current                      1,302           1,418          1,254 
Deferred:                                                                                                
    Federal                                     181             323             225             
    State                                         (11)              14               33
         Total Deferred                       170             337             258
             Total                        $    1,472    $     1,755     $    1,512 

Income before income taxes includes income of foreign 
subsidiaries of $237, $16, and $8 million in 2003, 2002, and 
2001, respectively. 

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to 
the effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31 
consists of the following: 

                                                                 2003                 2002                2001 

 35.0%         35.0%

Statutory federal 
    income tax rate                        35.0% 
State income taxes 
    (net of federal benefit)                1.5               2.1              3.1 
Tax assessment reversal
    (tax portion)                                 —             (2.8)               — 
Other                                            (2.8)              0.7              0.3 
Effective income tax rate              33.7%         35.0%          38.4%

During the first quarter of 2003, we reduced deferred taxes by 
$55 million due to the favorable resolution of several outstanding 
contingency matters with the IRS. During the third quarter of 2003, 
we reduced deferred taxes by $22 million as a result of a favorable 
tax court ruling in relation to an outstanding contingency matter with 
the IRS.

After filing our 2002 state tax returns during the fourth quarter 
of 2003, we completed a review of the taxability of our operations 
in various state taxing jurisdictions and the effects of available state 
tax credits. As a result of this review, we recorded a decrease of 
$39 million in the income tax provision in the fourth quarter of 
2003. This decrease includes a reduction in our estimated state tax 
liabilities and the effect of the estimated state income tax effective 
rate applied to our temporary differences.

46 UPS Annual Report 2003

Deferred tax liabilities and assets comprise the following at 

December 31 (in millions): 

                                                                                         2003                2002 

Excess of tax over book depreciation         $    2,802     $     2,725
Pension plans                                                 1,266              835
Other                                                                473              550
Gross deferred tax liabilities                            4,541           4,110
Other postretirement benefits                             588              582
Loss carryforwards (foreign)                               117                92
Insurance reserves                                             347              348
Vacation pay accrual                                         131              179
Excess deposits and interest to be refunded        627              619 
Other                                                                673              343 
Gross deferred tax assets                                2,483           2,163 
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance            (117)             (92)
Net deferred tax assets                                   2,366           2,071 
Net deferred tax liability                                 2,175           2,039 
Current deferred tax (asset) liability                  (316)          (268)
Long-term portion — see Note 9                $    2,491     $     2,307 

The valuation allowance increased by $25 and $23, and 
decreased by $32 million during the years ended December 31, 
2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. 

We have foreign loss carryforwards of approximately $1.035 

billion as of December 31, 2003, the majority of which may be 
carried forward indefinitely. These foreign loss carryforwards have 
been fully reserved in the deferred tax assets valuation allowance 
due to the uncertainty resulting from a lack of previous foreign 
taxable income within certain foreign tax jurisdictions.

Undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries amounted 

to approximately $727 million at December 31, 2003. Those 
earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested and, accord-
ingly, no U.S. federal and state deferred income taxes have been 
provided thereon. Upon distribution of those earnings in the 
form of dividends or otherwise, we would be subject to both U.S. 
income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) 
and withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries. 
Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. 
income tax liability is not practicable because of the complexities 
associated with its hypothetical calculation.

NOTE 15. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in millions except per share amounts):

                                                                                                                                                                                                2003                      2002                    2001 

Numerator:
    Net income before the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles                             $  2,898          $    3,254        $   2,425
Denominator:
    Weighted-average shares                                                                                                              1,125               1,117             1,124
    Management incentive awards                                                                                                            1                      1                   2
    Deferred compensation arrangements                                                                                                  2                      2                   —
Denominator for basic earnings per share                                                                                          1,128               1,120             1,126
Effect of dilutive securities: 
    Management incentive awards                                                                                                            4                      4                   5
    Stock option plans                                                                                                                               6                    10                 13
Denominator for diluted earnings per share                                                                                        1,138               1,134             1,144
Basic Earnings Per Share Before Cumulative Effect of Changes in Accounting Principles                   $     2.57          $      2.91        $     2.15
Diluted Earnings Per Share Before Cumulative Effect of Changes in Accounting Principles                $     2.55          $      2.87        $     2.12

Diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002, and 2001 exclude the effect of 0.1, 0.1, and 

6.6 million shares, respectively, of common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of employee stock options because such 
effect would be antidilutive.

Notes to consolidated financial statements   47

Notes to consolidated financial statements

NOTE 16. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND RISK 
MANAGEMENT

We are exposed to market risk, primarily related to foreign 
exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices, and interest 
rates. These exposures are actively monitored by management. 
To manage the volatility relating to these exposures, we enter into 
a variety of derivative financial instruments. Our objective is to 
reduce, where it is deemed appropriate to do so, fluctuations in 
earnings and cash flows associated with changes in foreign cur-
rency rates, commodity prices, equity prices, and interest rates. It 
is our policy and practice to use derivative financial instruments 
only to the extent necessary to manage exposures. As we use price 
sensitive instruments to hedge a certain portion of our existing and 
anticipated transactions, we expect that any loss in value for those 
instruments generally would be offset by increases in the value of 
those hedged transactions. 

We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for 

trading or speculative purposes.

Commodity Price Risk Management

We are exposed to an increase in the prices of refined fuels, prin-
cipally jet-A, diesel, and unleaded gasoline. Additionally, we are 
exposed to an increase in the prices of other energy products, prin-
cipally natural gas and electricity. We use a combination of options, 
swaps, and futures contracts to provide partial protection from 
rising fuel and energy prices. The net fair value of such contracts 
subject to price risk, excluding the underlying exposures, as of 
December 31, 2003 and 2002 was an asset (liability) of approxi-
mately $30 and $34 million, respectively. We have designated and 
account for these contracts as cash flow hedges, and, therefore, the 
resulting gains and losses from these hedges are recognized as a 
component of fuel expense or other occupancy expense when the 
underlying fuel or energy product being hedged is consumed. 

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk Management

We have foreign currency risks related to our revenue, operating 
expenses, and financing transactions in currencies other than the 
local currencies in which we operate. We are exposed to currency 
risk from the potential changes in functional currency values of 
our foreign currency denominated assets, liabilities, and cash flows. 
Our most significant foreign currency exposures relate to the Euro 
and the British Pound Sterling. We use a combination of purchased 
and written options and forward contracts to hedge currency cash 
flow exposures. As of December 31, 2003 and 2002, the net fair 
value of the hedging instruments described above was an asset 
(liability) of approximately $(48) and $(3) million, respectively. 
We have designated and account for these contracts as cash flow 
hedges of anticipated foreign currency denominated revenue and, 

48 UPS Annual Report 2003

therefore, the resulting gains and losses from these hedges are 
recognized as a component of international revenue when the 
underlying sales occur.

Interest Rate Risk Management

Our indebtedness under our various financing arrangements 
creates interest rate risk. We use a combination of derivative instru-
ments, including interest rate swaps and cross-currency interest 
rate swaps, as part of our program to manage the fixed and floating 
interest rate mix of our total debt portfolio and related overall 
cost of borrowing. These swaps are entered into concurrently with 
the issuance of the debt that they are intended to modify, and the 
notional amount, interest payment, and maturity dates of the swaps 
match the terms of the associated debt. Interest rate swaps allow us 
to maintain a target range of floating rate debt. 

We have designated and account for these contracts as either 
hedges of the fair value of the associated debt instruments, or as 
hedges of the variability in expected future interest payments. 
Any periodic settlement payments are accrued monthly, as either 
a charge or credit to interest expense, and are not material to net 
income. The net fair value of our interest rate swaps at December 
31, 2003 and 2002 was an asset (liability) of approximately $(27) 
and $(62) million, respectively. 

Equity Price Risk Management

We hold investments in various available-for-sale equity securities 
that are subject to price risk. We use combinations of options to 
hedge the price risk exposure inherent in these securities. The 
fair value of such options contracts designated as hedges, as of 
December 31, 2003 and 2002, was an asset of approximately $0 
and $219 million, respectively, which is classified in marketable 
securities and short-term investments. A large investment derivative 
used to hedge equity price risk settled in 2003 (which resulted in 
UPS receiving cash of $222 million) resulting in the decline in value 
of our investment derivatives since December 31, 2002.

Credit Risk

The forward contracts, swaps, and options previously discussed 
contain an element of risk that the counterparties may be unable to 
meet the terms of the agreements. However, we minimize such risk 
exposures for these instruments by limiting the counterparties to 
large banks and financial institutions that meet established credit 
guidelines. We do not expect to incur any losses as a result 
of counterparty default.

Derivatives Not Designated As Hedges

NOTE 17. RESTRUCTURING CHARGE AND RELATED EXPENSES

In the fourth quarter of 2002, we initiated a restructuring 
program to combine UPS Freight Services and the UPS Logistics 
Group into a single business unit (“UPS Supply Chain Solutions”). 
In connection with this restructuring program, we also recorded 
certain costs related to the integration of activities between UPS 
Capital and First International Bank. The program was designed 
to facilitate business growth, streamline management decision-
making, reduce the cost structure, and provide higher levels of 
service to our customers. Costs of the program included employee 
severance costs, asset impairments, costs associated with the 
consolidation of facilities, and other costs directly related to the 
restructuring program. As of December 31, 2003, the restructuring 
program was substantially complete.

A summary of the amounts expensed under the restructuring 
program follows below. The costs incurred in connection with this 
program are classified in other operating expenses in the income 
statement (see Note 13) (amounts in millions):

                                                                                         2003                2002 

Employee severance                                       $    —           $    19             
Asset impairment                                                  1                42             
Facility consolidation                                             2                25
Other                                                                    6                20
                                                                    $     9           $ 106

Employee severance costs relate to severance packages for 
approximately 800 people. The packages are involuntary and 
are formula-driven based on salary levels and past service. Asset 
impairment charges consist primarily of capitalized software 
that is no longer used as a result of changes in business strategy 
due to the restructuring. Facility consolidation costs are associated 
with terminating operating leases on offices, warehouses, and 
other facilities. Other costs consist primarily of employee 
relocations; legal costs associated with establishing the new 
organizational structure; costs associated with moving equipment, 
records, and inventories between locations; and conforming 
accounting policies among recently acquired entities within 
UPS Supply Chain Solutions.

Derivatives not designated as hedges primarily consist of interest 
rate swaps that are used to hedge a portfolio of small debt instru-
ments. Although these instruments are effective as hedges from an 
economic perspective, they do not qualify for hedge accounting 
under FAS 133, as amended. The impact from these interest rate 
swaps on our results was immaterial. Additionally, we have a small 
portfolio of stock warrants in public and private companies that are 
held for investment purposes. These warrants are recorded at fair 
value, and the impact of these warrants on our results was immate-
rial for each of the three years ending December 31, 2003.

Income Effects of Derivatives

In the context of hedging relationships, “effectiveness” refers to 
the degree to which fair value changes in the hedging instrument 
offset corresponding changes in the hedged item. Certain elements 
of hedge positions cannot qualify for hedge accounting under FAS 
133 whether effective or not, and must therefore be marked to 
market through income. Both the effective and ineffective portions 
of gains and losses on hedges are reported in the income statement 
category related to the hedged exposure. Both the ineffective por-
tion of hedge positions and the elements excluded from the measure 
of effectiveness were immaterial for each of the three years ending 
December 31, 2003.

As of December 31, 2003, $37 million in losses related to cash 
flow hedges that are currently deferred in OCI are expected to be 
reclassified to income over the 12-month period ending December 
31, 2004. The actual amounts that will be reclassified to income 
over the next 12 months will vary from this amount as a result of 
changes in market conditions. No amounts were reclassified to 
income during 2003 in connection with forecasted transactions 
that were no longer considered probable of occurring. 

At December 31, 2003, the maximum term of derivative instru-

ments that hedge forecasted transactions, except those related to 
cross-currency interest rate swaps on existing financial instruments, 
was four years. We maintain cross-currency interest rate swaps that 
extend through 2009.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

At December 31, 2003 and 2002, our financial instruments 
included cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and 
short-term investments, accounts receivable, finance receivables, 
accounts payable, short-term and long-term borrowings, and 
commodity, interest rate, foreign currency, and equity options, 
forwards, and swaps. The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, 
accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate carrying 
values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The 
fair value of our marketable securities and short-term investments 
is disclosed in Note 2, finance receivables in Note 3, and debt 
instruments in Note 8.

Notes to consolidated financial statements   49

Notes to consolidated financial statements

NOTE 18. SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 EVENTS

In response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the FAA 
issued a federal ground stop order prohibiting all flights to, from, 
and within the United States. Due to this order, all domestic UPS 
aircraft were grounded, and international flights into the United 
States were diverted on September 11 and 12. We were able to 
transport many of our express shipments through our extensive 
ground network until the FAA order was lifted and our air opera-
tions resumed on the evening of September 13. Due to the economic 
disruption caused by these events, we sustained significant declines 
in our U.S. origin package volume during the weeks following 
the attacks.

On September 22, 2001, President George W. Bush signed into 

law the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act 
(the “Act”), a $15 billion emergency economic assistance package 

to mitigate the dramatic financial losses experienced by the nation’s 
air carriers. The Act, among other things, provides for the 
following: (1) $5 billion in compensation for direct losses incurred 
as a result of the federal ground stop order, and for incremental 
losses incurred through December 31 as a result of the attacks, 
(2) $10 billion in federal loan guarantees and credits, (3) expanded 
war risk insurance coverage for air carriers, and (4) govern-
ment assistance for short-term increases in insurance premiums. 
We submitted a claim for compensation to the Department of 
Transportation and recognized a pre-tax amount of $74 million 
related to this reimbursement as a credit to the other expenses line 
item of other operating expenses (see Note 13) in 2001 under the 
provisions of EITF 01-10 “Accounting for the Impact of Terrorist 
Attacks of September 11, 2001.” 

NOTE 19. QUARTERLY INFORMATION (unaudited)

                                                                       First Quarter                                  Second Quarter                                  Third Quarter                                 Fourth Quarter
                                                   2003         2002          2003          2002          2003          2002          2003         2002 
Revenue:                                                                                                                                                                                                
    U.S. domestic package      $ 6,020         $  5,903         $ 6,124         $  5,908          $ 6,219         $  5,889       $   6,659       $   6,224
    International package           1,302             1,054            1,371             1,144             1,370             1,184            1,518            1,298  
    Non-package                          693                622               731                630                723                681               755              735  
         Total revenue                   8,015             7,579            8,226             7,682             8,312             7,754            8,932            8,257  
Operating profit:                                                                                                                                                                                       
    U.S. domestic package            704                862               832                899                825                809               911            1,006  
    International package              134                  30               158                  62                176                  65               241              165  
    Non-package                          107                  55                 90                  67                146                  76               121                  —  
         Total operating profit           945                947            1,080             1,028             1,147                950            1,273            1,171  
Net income                           $     611         $     491         $     692         $     611          $     739         $     578       $      856       $   1,502  
Earnings per share:                                                                                                                                                                                   
    Basic                                $   0.54         $    0.44         $    0.61         $    0.55          $   0.66         $    0.52       $     0.76       $     1.34  
    Diluted                             $   0.54         $    0.43         $    0.61         $    0.54          $    0.65         $    0.51       $     0.75       $     1.32  

Fourth quarter 2002 net income was affected by the impact of the tax assessment reversal ($776 million after-tax, $0.68 per diluted 

share), the credit from our vacation policy change ($121 million after-tax, $0.11 per diluted share), and the restructuring charge and 
related expenses ($65 million after-tax, $0.06 per diluted share). First quarter 2002 net income reflects the charge upon adoption of FAS 
142 ($72 million after-tax, $0.06 per diluted share).

First quarter 2003 net income reflects a charge for an impairment of investments ($37 million after-tax, $0.03 per diluted share) and 
a credit to tax expense upon the resolution of various tax contingencies ($55 million, $0.05 per diluted share). Second quarter 2003 net 
income was impacted by the gain on the sale of Mail Technologies ($14 million after-tax, $0.01 per diluted share). Third quarter 2003 net 
income reflects the gain on sale of Aviation Technologies ($15 million after-tax, $0.01 per diluted share) and the credit to tax expense from 
a favorable ruling on the tax treatment of jet engine maintenance costs ($22 million, $0.02 per diluted share). Fourth qurater 2003 net 
income was impacted by a gain on the redemption of long-term debt ($18 million after-tax, $0.02 per diluted share) and a credit to income 
tax expense for a lower effective state tax rate ($39 million, $0.03 per diluted share).

50 UPS Annual Report 2003

 
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

Operations

The following tables set forth information showing the change in revenue, average daily package volume, and average revenue per piece, 
both in dollars or amounts and in percentage terms:

                                                                                                                     Year Ended December 31,                                               Change
                                                                                                                                              2003                             2002                              $                                  %

Revenue (in millions):                                                                                                                                                                                       
     U.S. domestic package:
         Next Day Air                                                                                  $       5,580              $       5,349                  $         231                    4.3%
         Deferred                                                                                                  2,982                       2,868                            114                    4.0 
         Ground                                                                                                 16,460                     15,707                            753                    4.8
     Total U.S. domestic package                                                                        25,022                     23,924                         1,098                    4.6
     International package:                                                                                                                                                                                       
         Domestic                                                                                                 1,134                          943                            191                  20.3
         Export                                                                                                      4,001                       3,276                            725                  22.1
         Cargo                                                                                                         426                          461                            (35)                 (7.6)
     Total International package                                                                            5,561                       4,680                            881                  18.8
     Non-package:                                                                                                                                                                                                 
         UPS Supply Chain Solutions                                                                      2,126                       1,969                            157                    8.0
         Other                                                                                                          776                          699                              77                  11.0
     Total Non-package                                                                                        2,902                       2,668                            234                    8.8
         Consolidated                                                                                  $     33,485              $     31,272                  $      2,213                    7.1%

Average Daily Package Volume (in thousands):                                                                                                                     #
     U.S. domestic package:
         Next Day Air                                                                                            1,185                       1,111                              74                    6.7%
         Deferred                                                                                                     918                          895                              23                    2.6 
         Ground                                                                                                 10,268                     10,112                            156                    1.5
     Total U.S. domestic package                                                                        12,371                     12,118                            253                    2.1
     International package:                                                                                                                                                                                     
         Domestic                                                                                                    786                          779                                7                    0.9
         Export                                                                                                         481                          443                              38                    8.6
     Total International package                                                                            1,267                       1,222                              45                    3.7
         Consolidated                                                                                          13,638                     13,340                            298                    2.2%

Operating days in period                                                                                       252                          252                                 

Average Revenue Per Piece:                                                                                                                                                $                                 
     U.S. domestic package:                                                                                                                                                           
         Next Day Air                                                                                  $       18.69              $       19.11                  $      (0.42)                 (2.2)%
         Deferred                                                                                                  12.89                       12.72                           0.17                    1.3
         Ground                                                                                                      6.36                         6.16                           0.20                    3.2
     Total U.S. domestic package                                                                            8.03                         7.83                           0.20                    2.6
     International package:                                                                                                                                                                                     
         Domestic                                                                                                   5.73                         4.80                           0.93                  19.4
         Export                                                                                                      33.01                       29.35                           3.66                  12.5
     Total International package                                                                            16.08                       13.70                           2.38                  17.4
         Consolidated                                                                                  $         8.77              $         8.37                  $        0.40                    4.8%

Management’s discussion and analysis  51

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

                                                                                                                                                  Year Ended December 31,                                               Change

                                                                                                                                               2002                             2001                               $                                %

Revenue (in millions):                                                                                                                                                                                            
     U.S. domestic package:
         Next Day Air                                                                                   $       5,349              $       5,433                  $         (84)                 (1.5)%
         Deferred                                                                                                  2,868                       2,893                            (25)                 (0.9) 
         Ground                                                                                                  15,707                     15,671                              36                    0.2  
     Total U.S. domestic package                                                                        23,924                     23,997                            (73)                 (0.3) 
     International package:                                                                                                                                                                                       
         Domestic                                                                                                    943                          907                              36                    4.0  
         Export                                                                                                      3,276                       2,931                            345                  11.8  
         Cargo                                                                                                         461                          407                              54                  13.3  
     Total International package                                                                            4,680                       4,245                            435                  10.2  
     Non-package:                                                                                                                                                                                                   
         UPS Supply Chain Solutions                                                                      1,969                       1,479                            490                  33.1  
         Other                                                                                                          699                          600                              99                  16.5  
     Total Non-package                                                                                        2,668                       2,079                            589                  28.3  
         Consolidated                                                                                   $     31,272              $     30,321                  $         951                    3.1%

Average Daily Package Volume (in thousands):                                                                                                                     #
     U.S. domestic package:                                                                                                                                                                                      
         Next Day Air                                                                                            1,111                       1,116                              (5)                 (0.4)%
         Deferred                                                                                                     895                          917                            (22)                (2.4) 
         Ground                                                                                                  10,112                     10,317                          (205)                (2.0) 
     Total U.S. domestic package                                                                        12,118                     12,350                          (232)                 (1.9) 
     International package:                                                                                                                                                                                        
         Domestic                                                                                                    779                          805                            (26)                 (3.2)
         Export                                                                                                         443                          408                              35                    8.6  
     Total International package                                                                            1,222                       1,213                                9                    0.7  
         Consolidated                                                                                          13,340                     13,563                          (223)                (1.6)%

Operating days in period                                                                                       252                          252

Average Revenue Per Piece:                                                                                                                                                $                                 
     U.S. domestic package:                                                                                                                            
         Next Day Air                                                                                   $       19.11              $       19.32                  $      (0.21)                 (1.1)%
         Deferred                                                                                                  12.72                       12.52                           0.20                    1.6 
         Ground                                                                                                      6.16                         6.03                           0.13                    2.2  
     Total U.S. domestic package                                                                            7.83                         7.71                           0.12                    1.6  
     International package:                                                                                                                                                             
         Domestic                                                                                                   4.80                         4.47                          0.33                    7.4 
         Export                                                                                                      29.35                       28.51                          0.84                    2.9 
     Total International package                                                                            13.70                       12.56                          1.14                    9.1 
         Consolidated                                                                                   $         8.37              $         8.14                  $        0.23                    2.8%

52 UPS Annual Report 2003

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
Operating Profit

The following tables set forth information showing the change in operating profit, both in dollars (in millions) and in 
percentage terms:
                                                                                                                     Year Ended December 31,                                               Change
                                                                                                                                              2003                             2002                               $                                %

U.S. domestic package                                                                             $       3,272              $       3,576                  $       (304)                 (8.5)%
International package                                                                                           709                          322                            387                120.2  
Non-package                                                                                                       464                          198                            266                134.3  
     Consolidated Operating Profit                                                              $       4,445              $       4,096                 $         349                    8.5%

                                                                                                                     Year Ended December 31,                                               Change
                                                                                                                                              2002                              2001                              $                              % 

U.S. domestic package                                                                              $        3,576              $       3,620                  $         (44)                 (1.2)%
International package                                                                                           322                          125                            197                157.6 
Non-package                                                                                                       198                          217                            (19)                 (8.8) 

     Consolidated Operating Profit                                                               $        4,096              $       3,962                 $         134 

3.4%

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In the discussion and analysis below, in “Selected Financial Data,” 
and in other parts of this report, we sometimes refer to informa-
tion extracted from consolidated financial information but not 
required by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) to 
be presented in financial statements. Certain of this information is 
considered “non-GAAP financial measures” under Securities and 
Exchange Commission rules. Specifically, we refer to operating 
profit, operating margin, net income and earnings per share on 
an “as adjusted” basis, excluding certain transactions that we 
believe are not indicative of future results. We have presented these 
measures since we believe that meaningful analysis of our financial  
performance requires an understanding of the factors underlying 
that performance and  our judgments about the likelihood that 
particular factors will repeat. When these “non-GAAP financial 
measures” have been used, we have provided reconciliations of 
these adjusted measures to the appropriate GAAP measure for 
comparability purposes.

U.S. Domestic Package Operations 

2003 compared to 2002

U.S. domestic package revenue increased $1.098 billion, or 4.6%, 
for the year, which was driven by a 2.1% increase in average daily 
package volume and a 2.6% increase in revenue per piece. Ground 
volume increased by 1.5% in 2003, reversing a 2.0% decline 
in 2002, reflecting the improving U.S. economy and the impact 
that labor negotiations had on lowering volume during portions 
of 2002. The volume for our UPS Next Day Air products increased 
by 6.7% during the year, driven by double-digit growth in over-

night letters, which was influenced by the strength in mortgage 
refinancing activity during 2003. The increase in U.S. domestic 
average daily package volume was more significant in the latter 
half of the year. In the third and fourth quarters of 2003, total 
U.S. domestic average daily package volume increased 3.2% and 
4.9%, respectively.

The overall improvement in revenue per piece was primarily 
due to the rate increase that became effective in January 2003, with 
some additional benefit from the fuel surcharge as described below. 
The decline in revenue per piece for the Next Day Air products, 
and the relatively smaller increase for the deferred products, was 
primarily due to the relatively higher growth in letter volume com-
pared with the growth in package volume for these products. 

On January 6, 2003, we increased rates for standard ground 

shipments an average of 3.9% for commercial deliveries. The 
ground residential surcharge increased $0.05 to $1.15 over the 
commercial ground rate. The additional delivery area surcharge 
added to residential deliveries in certain ZIP codes increased $0.25 
to $1.75. Rates for UPS Hundredweight increased 5.9%. In addi-
tion, we increased rates for UPS Next Day Air an average of 3.4% 
and increased rates for deferred services by 4.5%. 

Rates for international shipments originating in the United 

States (UPS Worldwide Express, UPS Worldwide Express Plus, UPS 
Worldwide Expedited, and UPS Standard service) increased an 
average of 3.9%. Rate changes for shipments originating outside 
the United States generally are made throughout the year and vary 
by geographic market. 

During 2003, the index-based fuel surcharge reset on a monthly 

basis and was based on the National U.S. Average On-Highway 
Diesel Fuel Prices as reported by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Management’s discussion and analysis   53

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

Based on published rates, the average fuel surcharge increased 
to 1.47% in 2003 from 0.78% in 2002, resulting in an increase 
in fuel surcharge revenue of $144 million. Effective in 2004, we 
have discontinued the fuel surcharge on ground service, while a 
new indexed surcharge is being applied to our Next Day Air and 
deferred products. This new fuel surcharge for the domestic air 
products is based on the U.S. Energy Department’s Gulf Coast 
spot price for a gallon of kerosene-type jet fuel. This change will 
have a negative impact on revenue for our ground products, while 
having a beneficial impact on revenue for our Next Day Air and 
deferred products.

U.S. domestic package operating profit declined $304 million, 

or 8.5%, primarily due to the slow volume and revenue growth 
combined with an increase in operating expenses (discussed further 
under the section titled “Operating Expenses and Operating 
Margin”). U.S. domestic package operating profit increased 2.0% 
in the third quarter and decreased by 9.4% in the fourth quarter. 
However, in the fourth quarter of 2002, U.S. domestic package 
operating profit benefited from a $175 million credit due to a 
change in our vacation policy for non-union employees. Without 
the vacation-related credit in the 2002 results, fourth quarter oper-
ating profit would have increased 9.6% and the decline for the year 
ending December 31, 2003 would have been $129 million, or 3.8%.

2002 compared to 2001

U.S. domestic package revenue decreased $73 million, or 0.3%, for 
the year. This decrease was driven by a 1.9% decrease in average 
daily package volume, and partially offset by a 1.6% increase in 
revenue per piece. The decline in volume was a result of the impact 
of volume diversion to competitors prior to the agreement reached 
on a new six-year contract with the International Brotherhood 
of Teamsters, combined with the continued weakness in the U.S. 
economy. The decline in volume was most pronounced in the 
period surrounding the July 31, 2002 expiration date of the 
previous contract.

On January 7, 2002, we increased rates for standard ground 

shipments an average of 3.5% for commercial deliveries. The 
ground residential charge increased $0.05 to $1.10 over the com-
mercial ground rate, and this charge also was applied to express 
deliveries in 2002. The additional delivery area surcharge added to 
residential deliveries in certain ZIP codes, remained at $1.50, and also 
was applied to express deliveries in 2002.  Rates for UPS Hundredweight 
increased 5.9%. 

We also increased rates for UPS Next Day Air, UPS Next Day 
Air Saver, UPS 2nd Day Air, and 3 Day Select an average of 4.0%. 
The surcharge for UPS Next Day Air Early A.M. increased from 
$27.50 to $28.50. Rates for international shipments originating 

in the United States (Worldwide Express, Worldwide Express 
Plus, UPS Worldwide Expedited and UPS International Standard 
service) increased an average of 3.9%. Rate changes for shipments 
originating outside the U.S. were made throughout 2002 and varied 
by geographic market. 

An index-based fuel surcharge, which began in February 2002 

and reset on a monthly basis, replaced a fixed fuel surcharge of 
1.25%. The indexed surcharge was based on the National U.S. 
Average On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices as reported by the U.S. 
Department of Energy. Based on published rates, the average fuel 
surcharge for the year ended December 31, 2002 was 0.78%. 
Approximately $251 million in revenue was recorded in 2002 as 
a result of our fuel surcharge, a decrease of $97 million from the 
prior year.

U.S. domestic package operating profit decreased $44 million, 
or 1.2%, for the year ended December 31, 2002, primarily due to 
the decrease in average daily volume discussed previously and an 
increase in operating expenses (discussed further under the section 
titled “Operating Expenses and Operating Margin”). In 2002, 
operating profit benefited from a credit to operating expense of 
$175 million that occurred related to a change in our vacation 
policy for non-union employees. In 2001, we recorded a credit 
to expense related to the Air Transportation Safety and System 
Stabilization Act, which benefited the U.S. domestic package 
segment by $28 million.

International Package Operations

2003 compared to 2002

International package revenue improved $881 million, or 18.8%, 
for the year due primarily to the 8.6% volume growth for our 
export products and strong revenue per piece improvements, 
a portion of which can be attributed to the impact of currency. 
Revenue increased $443 million during the year due to currency 
fluctuations. Export volume increased throughout the world, with 
Asia-Pacific, Canada, and the Americas showing double-digit 
export volume growth, and U.S. and European export volume 
increasing slightly over 6%. European export volume growth 
was adversely impacted by the strength of the Euro and the weak 
European economy. Domestic volume increased 0.9% for the year, 
which reversed a 3.2% decline from the previous year, and was also 
negatively affected by the weak European economy.

Export revenue per piece increased 12.5% for the year (3.3% 
currency-adjusted), due to improvements in product mix and con-
tinued focus on yield management. In total, international average 
daily package volume increased 3.7% and average revenue per 
piece increased 17.4% (6.2% currency-adjusted). The 7.6% decline 

54 UPS Annual Report 2003

in cargo revenue during the year was largely due to a reduction of 
flights in our air network in the Americas.

The improvement in operating profit for our international 
package operations was $387 million for the year, $117 million of 
which was due to favorable currency fluctuations. This increase 
in operating profit was primarily due to the strong export volume 
growth and revenue per piece increases described previously. In 
2002, international operating profit benefited from an $11 million 
credit to operating expense as a result of a change in our vacation 
policy for non-union employees.

2002 compared to 2001

For the year ended December 31, 2002, international package rev-
enue improved $435 million, or 10.2% (8.1% currency-adjusted), 
due primarily to volume growth for our export products and 
strong revenue per piece improvements. This volume growth was 
driven primarily by the Asia-Pacific region, which had an increase 
in average daily export volume of 17.1%, and the Europe region, 
which had an increase in average daily export volume of 13.6%. 
In total, international average daily package volume increased 
0.7% and average revenue per piece increased 9.1% (6.8% cur-
rency-adjusted)

The improvement in operating profit for our international pack-
age operations was $197 million for the year, $22 million of which 
was due to currency fluctuations. The increase in operating profit 
was primarily due to export volume growth of 8.6% and a strong 
increase in revenue per piece. In addition, the shutdown of the U.S. 
West Coast ports during the latter part of 2002 had a beneficial 
impact on our international package results. In 2002, operating 
profit benefited from an $11 million reduction to expense related to 
the change in vacation policy. Operating profit in 2002 benefited, 
compared with 2001, from an $11 million reduction of expense 
due to the elimination of goodwill amortization. In 2001, operating 
profit benefited from a $46 million credit to expense related to the 
Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act.

Non-Package Operations

2003 compared to 2002

Non-package revenue increased $234 million, or 8.8%, for the 
year. UPS Supply Chain Solutions, which comprises our former 
UPS Freight Services and UPS Logistics Group businesses, increased 
revenue by 8.0% during the year. This increase was due to growth 
in our supply chain management and other logistics businesses, with 
international revenues growing faster than in the United States, 
partially as a result of favorable currency fluctuations. Favorable 
currency fluctuations accounted for $74 million of the increase in

revenue. Freight forwarding revenue increased at a slower rate, 
which was influenced by global economic conditions and increased 
air revenue in 2002 as a result of the work disruption at U.S. west 
coast ports. The remainder of our non-package operations, which 
includes Mail Boxes Etc. (the franchisor of Mail Boxes Etc. and The 
UPS Store), UPS Capital Corp., our mail and consulting services, 
and our excess value package insurance business, increased revenue 
by 11.0% for the year, primarily due to increased franchise revenue 
at Mail Boxes Etc. and strong results from our Mail Innovations unit.

Non-package operating profit increased $266 million, or 
134.3%, for the year. This increase was primarily due to higher 
operating profit from our Supply Chain Solutions unit, which 
was driven by the increase in revenue as well as the cost savings 
produced by our integration and restructuring program. 
      Non-package operating profit in 2002 was reduced by the 
$106 million restructuring charge and related expenses, and was 
increased by $11 million due to the change in our vacation policy 
for non-union employees. Non-package operating profit includes 
$114 million (compared to $112 million in 2002) of intersegment 
profit, with a corresponding amount of operating expense, which 
reduces operating profit, in the U.S. domestic package segment.

During 2003, we sold our Mail Technologies business unit in a 
transaction that increased net income by $14 million, or $0.01 per 
diluted share. The gain consisted of a pre-tax loss of $24 million 
recorded in other operating expenses within the non-package seg-
ment, and a tax benefit of $38 million recognized in conjunction 
with the sale. The tax benefit exceeds the pre-tax loss from this 
sale primarily because the goodwill impairment charge we previ-
ously recorded for the Mail Technologies business unit was not 
deductible for income tax purposes. Consequently, our tax basis 
was greater than our book basis, thus producing the tax benefit 
described above.

Also during 2003, we sold our Aviation Technologies business 

unit and recognized a pre-tax gain of $24 million ($15 million 
after-tax, or $0.01 per diluted share), which is recorded in other 
operating expenses within the non-package segment. The oper-
ating results of both the Mail Technologies unit and the Aviation 
Technologies unit were previously included in our non-package 
segment, and were not material to non-package operating results 
in any of the periods presented.

2002 compared to 2001

Non-package revenue increased $589 million, or 28.3% during 
2002. Of this revenue growth, 20.4% was due to acquisitions and 
the remaining 7.9% was due to organic growth. 

Management’s discussion and analysis   55

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

UPS Supply Chain Solutions revenue was up $490 million or 
33.1% for the year, much of which was due to having a full year 
of revenue from Fritz Companies Inc., which we acquired in May 
2001, and other acquisitions. Revenue growth at UPS Supply Chain 
Solutions was hindered by the sale of the FedEx brokerage business 
in March 2002. Excluding the impact of business acquisitions and 
dispositions, UPS Supply Chain Solutions would have reported 
revenue growth of approximately 8% during 2002. 

Non-package operating profit decreased by $19 million, or 
8.8%, for the year. In 2002, operating profit was affected by a 
restructuring charge and related expenses of $106 million primarily 
related to the integration of our Freight Services and Logistics 
Group operations, and an $11 million reduction to expense related 
to a change in our vacation policy for non-union employees. 
Operating profit in 2002 benefited, compared with 2001, from a 
$61 million reduction in goodwill expense as a result of the elimi-
nation of goodwill amortization. Non-package operating profit 
includes $112 million in 2002 (compared to $113 million in 2001) 
of intersegment profit, with a corresponding amount of operating 
expense, which reduces operating profit, in the U.S. domestic 
package segment.

Operating Expenses and Operating Margin

2003 compared to 2002

Consolidated operating expenses increased by $1.864 billion, or 
6.9%, for the year, $398 million of which was due to currency fluc-
tuations in our international package and non-package segments. 
Compensation and benefits increased by $1.388 billion, or 7.7%, 
for the year, primarily due to increased health and welfare benefit 
costs and higher pension expense. Stock-based compensation 
expense totaled $724 million in 2003, a 14.0% increase over 2002, 
primarily as a result of increased Management Incentive Awards 
expense and adopting the measurement provisions of FAS 123 for 
2003 stock-based compensation awards.

Other operating expenses increased by $476 million, or 5.2%, 
for the year, largely due to a 12.3% increase in occupancy costs, a 
10.3% increase in fuel expense, and smaller increases in purchased 
transportation, repairs and maintenance, and depreciation and 
amortization. Other operating expenses in 2002 were affected by 
the $106 million restructuring charge and related expenses incurred 
in the integration of our Freight Services and Logistics Group 
operations into our UPS Supply Chain Solutions unit. The growth 
in other occupancy expense was impacted by higher rent expense 
on buildings and facilities, higher real estate taxes, and weather-
related increases in natural gas and utilities expense. The fuel 
expense increase was due to higher fuel prices in 2003, somewhat 
offset by hedging gains and lower fuel usage. 

The increase in purchased transportation expense was influenced 
by the impact of currency and growth in our international package 
and Supply Chain Solutions businesses. The growth in depreciation 
and amortization reflects the addition of new aircraft, the comple-
tion of facilities projects (including UPS Worldport), and increased 
amortization of capitalized software. The increase in repairs and 
maintenance was primarily due to higher vehicle, aircraft, and 
equipment maintenance expense. 

The increase in other expenses was due to a $75 million impair-

ment charge recorded in the fourth quarter of 2003, resulting 
from an impairment evaluation performed when we permanently 
removed a number of Boeing 727 and DC-8 aircraft from service. 
Of the total $75 million impairment charge, $69 million impacted 
the U.S. domestic package segment and $6 million impacted the 
international package segment.

Our operating margin, defined as operating profit as a per-
centage of revenue, increased to 13.3% in 2003 from 13.1% in 
2002. This increase is due to the growth in operating margin in our 
international package and non-package segments, which benefited 
from the revenue increases described previously. 

The operating margin for our three business segments was 

as follows:

                                                    Year Ended December 31, 
                                                                  Reported       Adjusted

Operating Segment 

2003  

2002 

2002 

2001

U.S. domestic package     13.1%         14.9%       14.2%          15.1%
International package       12.7%           6.9%         6.6%            2.9%
11.0%          10.4%
Non-package                   16.0%  

7.4% 

Adjusted operating margins for 2002 exclude the effects of the 
vacation change, which increased operating profit (U.S. domestic 
– $175 million, 0.7% effect on operating margin; international 
package – $11 million, 0.3%; and non-package – $11 million, 
0.4%), and the effects of the restructuring charge, which reduced 
non-package operating profit by $106 million, and operating 
margin by 4.0%.                                                                                               

2002 compared to 2001

Consolidated operating expenses increased by $817 million, or 
3.1%, for the year ended December 31, 2002. Compensation 
and benefits increased $543 million, or 3.1%, due primarily to 
increased costs associated with health and retirement benefits. In 
2002, compensation and benefits were reduced by the $197 million 
credit to expense related to the change in our vacation policy for 
non-union employees. 

56 UPS Annual Report 2003

         
 
 
 
 
 
Other operating expenses increased by $274 million, or 3.1%, 
for the year. In 2002, other operating expenses were affected by the 
$106 million restructuring charge and related expenses. In 2002, 
depreciation and amortization benefited from the absence of $72 
million of expense related to the elimination of goodwill amortiza-
tion. In 2001, other operating expenses were reduced by $74 
million for compensation under the Air Transportation Safety and 
System Stabilization Act.

The non-package segment accounted for $513 million of 
the $817 million total increase in operating expenses. This was 
principally due to acquisitions that we completed during the first 
nine months of 2001. Our consolidated operating margin, defined 
as operating profit as a percentage of revenue, remained at 13.1% 
during 2001 and 2002. 

Investment Income/Interest Expense

2003 compared to 2002

The decrease in investment income of $45 million in 2003 is pri-
marily due to a $58 million impairment charge recognized during 
the first quarter of 2003. We periodically review our investments 
for indications of other than temporary impairment considering 
many factors, including the extent and duration to which a 
security’s fair value has been less than its cost, overall economic 
and market conditions, and the financial condition and specific 
prospects for the issuer. During the first quarter of 2003, after 
considering the continued decline in the U.S. equity markets, we 
recognized an impairment charge of $58 million, primarily related 
to our investment in S&P 500 equity portfolios.

 The $52 million decline in interest expense in 2003 was pri-
marily the result of lower commercial paper balances outstanding, 
lower interest rates on variable rate debt, and lower floating rates 
on interest rate swaps.

2002 compared to 2001

The decrease in investment income of $96 million for 2002 is 
primarily due to a combination of lower interest rates and lower 
balances available for investment in 2002. 

Net Income and Earnings Per Share

2003 compared to 2002

Net income for 2003 was $2.898 billion, a decrease of $284 million 
from the $3.182 billion achieved in 2002, resulting in a decrease 
in diluted earnings per share from $2.81 in 2002 to $2.55 in 2003. 
Net income in 2002 was favorably impacted by $776 million 
after-tax ($0.68 per diluted share) resulting from the reversal of 
a portion of the previously established tax assessment liability,  
and by $121 million after-tax ($0.11 per diluted share) from the 

credit to expense as a result of the change in our vacation policy 
for non-union employees. Net income in 2002 was adversely 
impacted by $65 million after-tax ($0.06 per diluted share) due to 
the restructuring charge and related expenses and by $72 million 
after-tax ($0.06 per diluted share) due to the FAS 142 cumulative 
expense adjustment. Excluding the effect of the preceeding items, 
net income for 2002 would have been $2.422 billion, or $2.14 per 
diluted share.

Net income in 2003 benefited from the $14 million after-tax 
gain ($0.01 per diluted share) on the sale of our Mail Technologies 
unit in the second quarter of 2003, the $15 million after-tax gain 
($0.01 per diluted share) on the sale of our Aviation Technologies 
unit in the third quarter of 2003, and the $18 million after-tax gain 
($0.02 per diluted share) due to the redemption of our $300 million 
cash-settled convertible senior notes. In addition, 2003 income tax 
expense was reduced by $55 million ($0.05 per diluted share) due 
to the resolution of various tax issues with the Internal Revenue 
Service during the first quarter, by $22 million ($0.02 per diluted 
share) due to a tax contingency accrual adjustment resulting from 
a favorable ruling on the tax treatment for jet engine maintenance 
costs during the third quarter, and by $39 million ($0.03 per share) 
due to a lower effective state tax rate in the fourth quarter. Net 
income in 2003 was adversely affected by the $37 million after-tax 
($0.03 per diluted share) investment impairment charge described 
previously. Excluding the effect of the preceeding items, net income 
for 2003 would have been $2.772 billion, or $2.44 per diluted 
share. This would represent a 14.0% increase in diluted earnings 
per share over the $2.14 achieved in 2002 (after taking into account 
the items discussed previously).

2002 compared to 2001

Net income for 2002 was $3.182 billion, an increase of $783 mil-
lion from $2.399 billion in 2001, resulting in an increase in diluted 
earnings per share to $2.81 in 2002 from $2.10 in 2001. Net 
income in 2001 was adversely impacted by the FAS 133 cumulative 
expense adjustment of $26 million after-tax ($0.02 per diluted 
share), without which net income would have been $2.425 billion, 
or $2.12 per diluted share. In 2002, our results were affected by 
the fourth quarter restructuring charge and related expenses of $65 
million after-tax ($0.06 per diluted share), the FAS 142 cumulative 
expense adjustment of $72 million after-tax ($0.06 per diluted 
share), the credit to compensation and benefits resulting from the 
change in our vacation policy for non-union employees of $121 
million after-tax ($0.11 per diluted share), and the credit related 
to the reversal of a portion of the previously established tax assess-
ment liability of $776 million after-tax ($0.68 per diluted share). 
Excluding the effect of the preceeding items, net income for 2002 
would have been $2.422 billion, or $2.14 per diluted share. 

Management’s discussion and analysis   57

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Net Cash From Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $4.646, $5.688 
and $4.570 billion in 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The 
decrease in 2003  operating cash flows from 2002 was primarily 
the result of the funding of $1.1 billion into our pension plans 
during 2003. As discussed in Note 5 to the consolidated financial 
statements, projected pension contributions in 2004 are approxi-
mately $426 million.

In November 2003, we announced rate increases, which took 

effect on January 5, 2004. The overall impact is in line with 
previous years’ rate increases. We increased rates for standard 
ground shipments an average of 1.9% for commercial deliveries. 
The ground residential surcharge increased $0.25 to $1.40 over the 
commercial ground rate. An additional delivery area surcharge of 
$1.00 was implemented for commercial deliveries in certain ZIP 
codes. Rates for UPS Hundredweight increased 5.9%. In addition, 
we increased rates for UPS Next Day Air an average of 2.9% and 
increased rates for deferred services by 2.9%. Rates for inter-
national shipments originating in the United States (Worldwide 
Express, Worldwide Express Plus, UPS Worldwide Expedited, and 
UPS International Standard service) increased an average of 3.5%. 
Rate changes for shipments originating outside the U.S. were made 
throughout the past year and varied by geographic market. 

In addition, we discontinued the fuel surcharge on ground 
service, while a new index is being applied to our Next Day Air, 
deferred products, and international services. This new fuel sur-
charge for the domestic air products is based on the U.S. Energy 
Department’s Gulf Coast spot price for a gallon of kerosene-type jet 
fuel. The index for shipments originating in Europe will be based 
on the Rotterdam ARA spot price of kerosene-type jet fuel.

Net Cash Used In Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $1.942, $2.194, and 
$3.053 billion in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. The primary 
reason for these declines has been the slowing growth of our 
finance receivables portfolio, and the lack of business acquisitions 
during 2002 and 2003. Capital expenditures represent the primary 
use of cash in investing activities as follows (in millions):

                                                                 2003                 2002                2001

Buildings and facilities            $      451       $      528      $      763 
Aircraft and parts                        1,019             638              932 
Vehicles                                        161               41              303 
Information technology                  316             451              374 
                                             $   1,947      $    1,658      $   2,372 

We anticipate capital expenditures of approximately $2.2 bil-
lion in 2004. These expenditures will provide for replacement of 
existing capacity and anticipated future growth and include the 
projected cost of capitalized software. We fund our capital expendi-
tures with our cash from operations.

Net Cash Used In Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $2.180, $2.090 and 
$1.493 billion in 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Our primary 
use of cash in financing activities has been to repay long-term debt, 
repurchase stock and pay dividends. During 2003, we repaid over 
$1.2 billion in debt, primarily consisting of $492 million of com-
mercial paper, $300 million in cash-convertible notes, and $411 
million in repayments of UPS Notes. Issuances of debt primarily 
consisted of UPS Notes. We consider the overall fixed and floating 
interest rate mix of our portfolio and the related overall cost of 
borrowing when planning for future issuances and non-scheduled 
repayments of debt.

In August 2003, a total of $1.0 billion was authorized for share 

repurchases as part of our continuing share repurchase program. 
As of December 31, 2003, $858 million of this authorization was 
available for future share repurchases. We repurchased a total of 
$398 million of common stock in 2003.

We increased our cash dividends per share to $0.92 in 2003 
from $0.76 in 2002, resulting in an increase in total cash dividends 
paid to $1.026 billion from $840 million. The declaration of 
dividends is subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors and 
will depend on various factors, including our net income, financial 
condition, cash requirements, future prospects, and other relevant 
factors. We expect to continue the practice of paying regular cash 
dividends. In February 2004, the Board of Directors declared a 
$0.28 per share dividend, which represents a 12% increase over 
the $0.25 previous quarterly dividend. The dividend is payable on 
March 9, 2004 to shareowners of record on February 23, 2004.

Sources of Credit

We maintain two commercial paper programs under which we 
are authorized to borrow up to $7.0 billion. Approximately $544 
million was outstanding under these programs as of December 31, 
2003, with an average interest rate of 0.96%. The entire balance 
outstanding has been classified as a current liability on our balance 
sheet. In addition, we maintain an extendible commercial notes 
program under which we are authorized to borrow up to $500 
million. No amounts were outstanding under this program at 
December 31, 2003. 

We maintain two credit agreements with a consortium of banks. 

These agreements provide revolving credit facilities of $1.0 bil-
lion each, with one expiring on April 22, 2004 and the other on 

58 UPS Annual Report 2003

April 24, 2008. Interest on any amounts we borrow under these 
facilities would be charged at 90-day LIBOR plus 15 basis points. 
There were no borrowings under either of these agreements as of 
December 31, 2003.

We also maintain a $1.0 billion European medium-term note 
program. Under this program, we may issue notes from time to 
time, denominated in a variety of currencies. No amounts were 
outstanding under this program at December 31, 2003. 

In August 2003, we filed a $2.0 billion shelf registration state-
ment under which we may issue debt securities in the United States. 
There was approximately $85 million issued under this shelf regis-
tration statement at December 31, 2003, all of which consists 
of issuances under our UPS Notes program.

Commitments

We have contractual obligations and commitments in the form of 
operating leases, capital leases, debt obligations and purchase com-
mitments. We intend to satisfy these obligations through the use 
of cash flow from operations. The following table summarizes our 
contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2003 
(in millions):

          Capitalized              Operating                      Debt                       Purchase
Year                                 Leases                 Leases            Principal           Commitments

  $      314            $       621         $            858
2004                    $          68 
2005                                96                   264                        2                       747
2006                                69                   187                        2                       833
2007                              119                   128                        1                       798
2008                              128                     99                      27                       697
After 2008                     137                   457                  2,697                          604         

Total                          $        617           $   1,449            $   3,350             $        4,537

We believe that funds from operations and borrowing programs 

will provide adequate sources of liquidity and capital resources 
to met our expected long-term needs for the operation of our 
business, including anticipated capital expenditures such as com-
mitments for aircraft purchases, through 2009.   

Contingencies

On August 9, 1999, the U.S. Tax Court held that we were liable 
for tax on income of Overseas Partners Ltd., a Bermuda com-
pany that had reinsured excess value (“EV”) package insurance 
purchased by our customers beginning in 1984, and that we were 
liable for additional tax for the 1983 and 1984 tax years. The IRS 
took similar positions to those advanced in the Tax Court deci-
sion for tax years subsequent to 1984 through 1998. On June 20, 
2001, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit ruled in 
our favor and reversed the Tax Court’s decision. 

In January 2003, we and the IRS finalized settlement of all 
outstanding tax issues related to EV package insurance. Under the 
terms of settlement, we agreed to adjustments that will result in 
income tax due of approximately $562 million, additions to tax 
of $60 million and related interest. The amount due to the IRS as 
a result of the settlement is less than amounts we previously had 
accrued. As a result, we recorded income, before taxes, of $1.023 
billion ($776 million after tax) during the fourth quarter of 2002. 
The refunds and credits associated with this settlement are expected 
to occur over the next several years.

The IRS has proposed adjustments, unrelated to the EV package 

insurance matters discussed above, regarding the allowance of 
deductions and certain losses, the characterization of expenses as 
capital rather than ordinary, the treatment of certain income, and 
our entitlement to the investment tax credit and the research tax 
credit in the 1985 through 1990 tax years. The proposed adjust-
ments would result in $10 million of additional income tax. The 
IRS has also issued a report taking a similar position with respect to 
some of these issues for each of the years from 1991 through 1994. 
That report proposes adjustments that would result in $42 million 
in additional income tax. The IRS’s proposed adjustments include 
penalties and penalty interest. We believe that the possibility that 
such penalties and penalty interest will be sustained is remote. In 
November 2002, the IRS issued a report taking a similar position 
with respect to some of these issues for each of the years 1995 
through 1998. That report proposes adjustments that would result 
in $7 million in additional income tax. For the 1985 through 1998 
tax years, unpaid interest on these adjustments through December 
31, 2003 could aggregate up to approximately $178 million, after 
the benefit of related tax deductions. We expect that we will prevail 
on substantially all of these issues. Specifically, we believe that our 
practice of expensing the items that the IRS alleges should have 
been capitalized is consistent with the practices of other industry 
participants. The IRS may take similar positions with respect to 
some of these issues for each of the years 1999 through 2003. We 
believe that the eventual resolution of these issues will not have a 
material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of opera-
tions or liquidity. 

We are named as a defendant in 23 pending lawsuits that seek 
to hold us liable for the collection of premiums for EV insurance 
in connection with package shipments since 1984. Based on state 
and federal tort, contract and statutory claims, these cases gener-
ally claim that we failed to remit collected EV premiums to an 
independent insurer; we failed to provide promised EV insurance; 
we acted as an insurer without complying with state insurance 
laws and regulations; and the price for EV insurance was excessive. 
These actions were all filed after the August 9, 1999 United States 
Tax Court decision. 

Management’s discussion and analysis   59

    
Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

These 23 cases have been consolidated for pre-trial purposes     

in a multi-district litigation proceeding (“MDL Proceeding”) 
in federal court in New York. In addition to the cases in which 
UPS is named as a defendant, there is also an action, Smith v. Mail 
Boxes Etc., against Mail Boxes Etc. and its franchisees relating to 
UPS EV insurance and related services purchased through Mail 
Boxes Etc. centers. This case has also been consolidated into the 
MDL Proceeding. 

While expressly denying any and all liability, the parties have 

obtained preliminary court approval of a global settlement 
resolving all claims and all cases in the MDL Proceeding. The 
proposed settlement requires several steps before it becomes final, 
including notice to the settlement class, and obtaining final court 
approval. If the proposed settlement becomes final, we would pro-
vide to qualifying settlement class members vouchers toward the 
purchase of specified UPS services and pay a portion of the plain-
tiffs’ attorneys’ fees, the total amount of which will be determined 
by the Court. The ultimate cost to us of the proposed settlement 
will depend on a number of factors. We do not believe that this 
proposed settlement will have a material effect on our financial 
condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

In addition, we are a defendant in various other lawsuits that 
arose in the normal course of business. We believe that the eventual 
resolution of these cases will not have a material adverse effect on 
our financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

We participate in a number of trustee-managed multi-employer 
pension and health and welfare plans for employees covered under 
collective bargaining agreements. Several factors could result in 
higher future contributions to these plans, including unfavorable 
investment performance, changes in demographics, and increased 
benefits to participants. At this time, we are unable to determine 
the amount of additional future contributions, if any, or whether 
any material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of 
operations, or cash flows could result from our participation in 
these plans.

Due to the events of September 11, 2001, increased security 
requirements for air carriers may be forthcoming; however, we do 
not anticipate that such measures will have a material adverse effect 
on our financial condition, results of operations,  or liquidity. In 
addition, our insurance premiums have risen and we have taken 
several actions, including self-insuring certain risks, to mitigate the 
expense increase.

As of December 31, 2003, we had approximately 228,000 

employees (64% of our total employees) employed under a national 
master agreement and various supplemental agreements with local 
unions affiliated with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters 

(“Teamsters”). These agreements run through July 31, 2008. The 
majority of our pilots are employed under a collective bargaining 
agreement with the Independent Pilots Association, which became 
amendable January 1, 2004. Negotiations are ongoing with the 
assistance of the National Mediation Board. Our airline mechanics 
are covered by a collective bargaining agreement with Teamsters 
Local 2727, which becomes amendable on November 1, 2006. 
In addition, the majority of our ground mechanics who are not 
employed under agreements with the Teamsters are employed 
under collective bargaining agreements with the International 
Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers. These agree-
ments run through July 31, 2009. 

Market Risk

We are exposed to market risk from changes in certain commodity 
prices, foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates, and equity 
prices. All of these market risks arise in the normal course of busi-
ness, as we do not engage in speculative trading activities. In order 
to manage the risk arising from these exposures, we utilize a variety 
of foreign exchange, interest rate, equity and commodity forward 
contracts, options, and swaps.

The following analysis provides quantitative information 

regarding our exposure to commodity price risk, foreign currency 
exchange risk, interest rate risk, and equity price risk. We utilize val-
uation models to evaluate the sensitivity of the fair value of financial 
instruments with exposure to market risk that assume instanta-
neous, parallel shifts in exchange rates, interest rate yield curves, 
and commodity and equity prices. For options and instruments 
with non-linear returns, models appropriate to the instrument are 
utilized to determine the impact of market shifts. There are certain 
limitations inherent in the sensitivity analyses presented, primarily 
due to the assumption that exchange rates change in a parallel 
fashion and that interest rates change instantaneously. In addition, 
the analyses are unable to reflect the complex market reactions that 
normally would arise from the market shifts modeled. 

A discussion of our accounting policies for derivative instru-

ments and further disclosures are provided in Note 16 to the 
consolidated financial statements.

Commodity Price Risk 

We are exposed to an increase in the prices of refined fuels, prin-
cipally jet-A, diesel, and unleaded gasoline, which are used in the 
transportation of packages. Additionally, we are exposed to an 
increase in the prices of other energy products, primarily natural 
gas and electricity, used in our operating facilities throughout 
the world. We use a combination of options, swaps, and futures 

60 UPS Annual Report 2003

contracts to provide some protection from rising fuel and energy 
prices. These derivative instruments generally cover forecasted 
fuel and energy consumption for periods up to one year. The net 
fair value of such contracts subject to price risk, excluding the 
underlying exposures, as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 was an 
asset (liability) of $30 and $34 million, respectively. The potential 
loss in the fair value of these derivative contracts, assuming a 
hypothetical 10% change in the underlying commodity price, 
would be approximately $17 and $38 million at December 31, 
2003 and 2002, respectively. This amount excludes the offsetting 
impact of the price risk inherent in the physical purchase of the 
underlying commodities.

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk 

We have foreign currency risks related to our revenue, operating 
expenses, and financing transactions in currencies other than the 
local currencies in which we operate. We are exposed to currency 
risk from the potential changes in functional currency values of our 
foreign currency-denominated assets, liabilities, and cash flows. 
Our most significant foreign currency exposures relate to the Euro 
and the British Pound Sterling. We use a combination of purchased 
and written options and forward contracts to hedge cash flow 
currency exposures. As of December 31, 2003 and 2002, the net 
fair value of the hedging instruments described above was an asset 
(liability) of $(48) and $(3) million, respectively. The potential 
loss in fair value for such instruments from a hypothetical 10% 
adverse change in quoted foreign currency exchange rates would 
be approximately $97 and $42 million at December 31, 2003 and 
2002, respectively. This sensitivity analysis assumes a parallel shift 
in the foreign currency exchange rates. Exchange rates rarely move 
in the same direction. The assumption that exchange rates change 
in a parallel fashion may overstate the impact of changing exchange 
rates on assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency.

Interest Rate Risk 

As described in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements, we 
have issued debt instruments, including debt associated with capital 
leases, that accrue expense at fixed and floating rates of interest. 
We use a combination of derivative instruments, including interest 
rate swaps and cross-currency interest rate swaps, as part of our 
program to manage the fixed and floating interest rate mix of our 
total debt portfolio and related overall cost of borrowing. These 
swaps are generally entered into concurrently with the issuance of 
the debt that they are intended to modify, and the notional amount, 
interest payment, and maturity dates of the swaps match the terms 
of the associated debt.  

Our floating rate debt and interest rate swaps subject us to risk 

resulting from changes in short-term (primarily LIBOR) interest 
rates. The potential change in annual interest expense resulting 
from a hypothetical 100 basis point change in short-term interest 
rates applied to our floating rate debt and swap instruments at 
December 31, 2003 and 2002 would be approximately $25 and 
$28 million, respectively.

As described in Note 1 and Note 2 to the consolidated finan-

cial statements, we have certain investments in debt, auction 
rate, and preferred securities that accrue income at variable rates 
of interest. The potential change in annual investment income 
resulting from a hypothetical 100 basis point change in interest 
rates applied to our investments exposed to variable interest rates 
at December 31, 2003 and 2002 would be approximately $31 
and  $19 million, respectively.

Additionally, as described in Note 3 to the consolidated financial 

statements, we hold a portfolio of finance receivables that accrue 
income at fixed and floating rates of interest. The potential change 
in the annual income resulting from a hypothetical 100 basis point 
change in interest rates applied to our variable rate finance receiv-
ables at December 31, 2003 and 2002 would be immaterial.

This interest rate sensitivity analysis assumes interst rate changes 

are instantaneous, parallel shifts in the yield curve. In reality, 
interest rate changes are rarely instantaneous or parallel. While this 
is our best estimate of the impact of the specified interest rate sce-
narios, these estimates should not be viewed as forecasts. We adjust 
the fixed and floating interest rate mix of our interest rate sensitive 
assets and liabilities in response to changes in market conditions.

Equity Price Risk

We hold investments in various common equity securities that are 
subject to price risk, and for certain of these securities, we utilize 
options to hedge this price risk. At December 31, 2003 and 2002, 
the fair value of such investments was $95 and $322 million, 
respectively. The potential change in the fair value of such invest-
ments, assuming a 10% change in equity prices net of the offsetting 
impact of any hedges, would be approximately $10 million at both 
December 31, 2003 and 2002. 

Credit Risk

The forward contracts, swaps, and options previously discussed 
contain an element of risk that the counterparties may be unable 
to meet the terms of the agreements. However, we minimize such 
risk exposures for these instruments by limiting the counterparties 
to large banks and financial institutions that meet established 
credit guidelines. We do not expect to incur any losses as a result 
of counterparty default.

Management’s discussion and analysis   61

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

New Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2002, the FASB issued Statement No. 146 “Accounting for 
Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities” (“FAS 146”). 
FAS 146 provides guidance on the recognition and measurement 
of liabilities associated with exit or disposal activities and requires 
that such liabilities be recognized when incurred. This statement 
was effective for exit or disposal activities initiated on or after 
January 1, 2003.

As discussed in Note 17, we implemented a restructuring pro-
gram involving the business unit integration of our Freight Services 
and Logistics Group operations in the fourth quarter of 2002. As 
this restructuring program was initiated in 2002, we accounted for 
this restructuring program using the existing guidance in EITF 94-3 
“Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits 
and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (Including Certain Costs 
Incurred in a Restructuring).” Therefore, the adoption of FAS 146 
on January 1, 2003 had no effect on our results of operations or 
financial condition. In the fourth quarter of 2002, we recorded a 
pre-tax restructuring charge and related expenses in the amount of 
$106 million, which is classified in other operating expenses. 
In November 2002, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 45 

“Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for 
Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of 
Others” (“FIN 45”). FIN 45 requires that a liability be recognized 
at fair value at the inception of certain guarantees for the obliga-
tions undertaken by the guarantor. FIN 45 also requires additional 
disclosures for certain guarantee contracts. The disclosure provi-
sions of FIN 45 were effective for financial statements ending after 
December 15, 2002, while the recognition and initial measurement 
provisions were applicable on a prospective basis to guarantees 
issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The adoption 
of FIN 45 was not material to our results of operations or 
financial condition.

In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46 

“Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” to address perceived 
weaknesses in accounting for entities commonly known as special 
purpose or off balance sheet. In addition to numerous FASB Staff 
Positions written to clarify and improve the application of FIN 
46, the FASB recently announced a deferral for certain entities, 
and an amendment to FIN 46 entitled FASB Interpretation No. 
46 (revised December 2003) “Consolidation of Variable Interest 
Entities” (“FIN 46”). 

FIN 46 provides guidance for identifying the party with a 
controlling financial interest resulting from arrangements or 
financial instruments rather than voting interests. FIN 46 defines 
the term “variable interest entity” and is based on the premise 
that if a business enterprise absorbs a majority of such an entity’s 
expected losses and/or receives a majority of its expected residual 
returns, that enterprise has a controlling financial interest, and 

would thus require consolidation of the variable interest entity. 
As of December 31, 2003, we have adopted FIN 46, and the effects 
of adoption were not material to our results of operations or 
financial condition. 

On July 1, 2003, we adopted FASB Statement No. 149 
“Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and 
Hedging Activities” (“FAS 149”). FAS 149 amends FAS 133 for 
certain decisions made by the FASB as part of the Derivatives 
Implementation Group process. FAS 149 also amends FAS 133 
to incorporate clarifications of the definition of a derivative. The 
adoption of FAS 149 was not material to our results of operations 
or financial condition.

On July 1, 2003, we adopted FASB Statement No. 150 

“Accounting for Certain Instruments with Characteristics of Both 
Liabilities and Equity” (“FAS 150”). FAS 150 establishes how an 
issuer measures certain freestanding financial instruments with 
characteristics of both liabilities and equity, and requires that such 
instruments be classified as liabilities. The adoption of FAS 150 was 
not material to our results of operations or financial condition.
In December 2003, the FASB revised Statement No. 132, 

“Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement 
Benefits” (“FAS 132”). The revised standard requires new disclo-
sures in addition to those required by the original standard about 
the assets, obligations, cash flows and net periodic benefit cost of 
defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit postretire-
ment plans. As revised, FAS 132 is effective for financial statements 
with fiscal years ending after December 15, 2003, and we have 
included these disclosures in Note 5 - Employee Benefit Plans.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results 
of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, 
which are prepared in accordance with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America. As indicated in 
Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements, the amounts of 
assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses reported in our financial 
statements are affected by estimates and judgments that are neces-
sary to comply with generally accepted accounting principles. We 
base our estimates on prior experience and other assumptions that 
we consider reasonable to our circumstances. Actual results could 
differ from our estimates, which would affect the related amounts 
reported in our financial statements. While estimates and judg-
ments are applied in arriving at many reported amounts, we believe 
that the following matters may involve a higher degree of judgment 
and complexity.

Contingencies — As discussed in Note 10 to our consolidated 
financial statements, we are involved in various legal proceedings 
and contingencies. We have recorded liabilities for these matters 

62 UPS Annual Report 2003

in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards 
No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (“FAS 5”). FAS 5 requires 
a liability to be recorded based on our estimate of the probable cost 
of the resolution of a contingency. The actual resolution of these 
contingencies may differ from our estimates. If a contingency is 
settled for an amount greater than our estimate, a future charge 
to income would result. Likewise, if a contingency is settled for 
an amount that is less than our estimate, a future credit to income 
would result.

Goodwill Impairment — The Financial Accounting Standards 
Board issued Statement No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible 
Assets” (“FAS 142”) in June 2001. As a result of the issuance 
of this new standard, goodwill is no longer amortized, but is 
subjected to annual impairment testing. Goodwill impairment 
testing requires that we estimate the fair value of our goodwill and 
compare that estimate to the amount of goodwill recorded on our 
balance sheet. The estimation of fair value requires that we make 
judgments concerning future cash flows and appropriate discount 
rates. Our estimate of the fair value of goodwill could change over 
time based on a variety of factors, including the actual operating 
performance of the underlying reporting units. Upon adoption 
of FAS 142, we recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $72 
million ($0.06 per diluted share), as of January 1, 2002, related to 
our Mail Technologies business. The primary factor resulting in the 
impairment charge was the lower than anticipated growth experi-
enced in the expedited mail delivery business. In conjunction with 
our annual test of goodwill in 2002, we recorded an additional 
impairment charge of $2 million related to our Mail Technologies 
business, resulting in total goodwill impairment of $74 million for 
2002. Our annual impairment test performed in 2003 resulted in 
no goodwill impairment. As of December 31, 2003, our recorded 
goodwill was $1.173 billion.

Self-Insurance Accruals — We self-insure costs associated with 
workers’ compensation claims, automotive liability, and general 
business liabilities, up to certain limits. Insurance reserves are 
established for estimates of the loss that we will ultimately incur 
on reported claims, as well as estimates of claims that have been 
incurred but not yet reported. Recorded balances are based on 
reserve levels determined by outside actuaries, who incorporate 
historical loss experience and judgments about the present and 
expected levels of cost per claim. Trends in actual experience are a 
significant factor in the determination of such reserves. We believe 
our estimated reserves for such claims are adequate, but actual 
experience in claim frequency and/or severity could materially 
differ from our estimates and affect our results of operations.

Pension and Postretirement Medical Benefits — The Company’s 
pension and other postretirement benefit costs are calculated using 
various actuarial assumptions and methodologies as prescribed by 
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 87, “Employers’ 
Accounting for Pensions” and Statement of Financial Accounting 
Standards No. 106, “Employers’ Accounting for Postretirement 
Benefits Other than Pensions.” These assumptions include discount 
rates, health care cost trend rates, inflation, rate of compensation 
increases, expected return on plan assets, mortality rates, and 
other factors. Actual results that differ from our assumptions are 
accumulated and amortized over future periods and, therefore, 
generally affect our recognized expense and recorded obligation 
in such future periods. We believe that the assumptions utilized in 
recording the obligations under our plans are reasonable based on 
input from our outside actuaries and other advisors and informa-
tion as to historical experience and performance. Differences in 
actual experience or changes in assumptions may affect our pension 
and other postretirement obligations and future expense. The 
impact of decreasing the weighted-average expected long-term rate 
of return on plan assets to 8.96% and the decrease in the discount 
rate to 6.25%, combined with other factors, such as the additional 
fundings which occurred during 2003, will increase our pension 
plan expense by approximately $18 million in 2004.

Financial Instruments — As discussed in Notes 2, 3, 8, and 16 to 
our consolidated financial statements, and in the “Market Risk” 
section of this report, we hold and issue financial instruments 
that contain elements of market risk. Certain of these financial 
instruments are required to be recorded at fair value. Fair values 
are based on listed market prices, when such prices are available. 
To the extent that listed market prices are not available, fair value 
is determined based on other relevant factors, including dealer 
price quotations. Certain financial instruments, including over-the-
counter derivative instruments, are valued using pricing models 
that consider, among other factors, such as the additional fundings 
which occurred during 2003, contractual and market prices, 
correlations, time value, credit spreads, and yield curve volatility 
factors. Changes in the fixed income, equity, foreign exchange, and 
commodity markets will impact our estimates of fair value in the 
future, potentially affecting our results of operations. 

Depreciation, Residual Value, and Impairment of Fixed Assets — 
As of December 31, 2003, we had approximately $13.9 billion of 
net fixed assets, the most significant category of which is aircraft. In 
accounting for fixed assets, we make estimates about the expected 
useful lives and the expected residual values of the assets, and the 
potential for impairment based on the fair values of the assets and 
the cash flows generated by these assets.

Management’s discussion and analysis   63

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

In estimating the lives and expected residual values of aircraft, 
we have relied upon actual experience with the same or similar air-
craft types. Subsequent revisions to these estimates could be caused 
by changes to our maintenance program, changes in the utilization 
of the aircraft, governmental regulations on aging aircraft, and 
changing market prices of new and used aircraft of the same or 
similar types. We periodically evaluate these estimates and assump-
tions, and adjust the estimates and assumptions as necessary. 
Adjustments to the expected lives and residual values are accounted 
for on a prospective basis through depreciation expense.

When appropriate, we evaluate our fixed assets for impairment. 

Factors that would indicate potential impairment may include, 
but are not limited to, a significant change in the extent to which 
an asset is utilized, a significant decrease in the market value of an 
asset, and operating or cash flow losses associated with the use of 
the asset. 

In December 2003, we permanently removed from service a 
number of Boeing 727 and DC-8 aircraft. As a result, we conducted 
an impairment evaluation, which resulted in a $75 million impair-
ment charge during the fourth quarter for these aircraft. This 
charge is classified in the caption “other expenses” within other 
operating expenses (see Note 13). UPS continues to operate all of its 
other aircraft and continues to experience positive cash flow.

Forward-Looking Statements

“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 
and Results of Operations,” “Liquidity and Capital Resources,” 
“We see...” and other parts of this report, including statements 
under the heading “2004 Outlook” contain “forward-looking” 
statements about matters that inherently are difficult to predict. 
The words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “we see,” and 
similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking state-
ments. These statements include statements regarding our intent, 
belief and current expectations about our strategic direction, pros-
pects and future results. We have described some of the important 
factors that affect these statements as we discussed each subject. 
Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, and 
certain factors may cause actual results to differ materially from 
those contained in the forward-looking statements.

Risk Factors

The following are some of the factors that could cause our actual 
results to differ materially from the expected results described in 
our forward-looking statements:

•  The effect of general economic and other conditions in the  
    markets in which we operate, both in the United States and  
    internationally. Our operations in international markets are also  
    affected by currency exchange and inflation risks.
•   The impact of competition on a local, regional, national, and  
     international basis. Our competitors include the postal services  
     of the U.S. and other nations, various motor carriers, express  
     companies, freight forwarders, air couriers and others. Our    
     industry is undergoing rapid consolidation, and the combining  
     entities are competing aggresively for business at low rates.
•   The impact of complex and stringent aviation, transportation,  
     environment, labor, employment and other governmental laws  
     and regulations, and the impact of new laws and regulations  
     that may result from increased security concerns following  
     the events of September 11, 2001. Our failure to comply with  
     applicable laws, ordinances or regulations could result in sub 
     stantial fines or possible revocation of our authority to conduct  
     our operations.
•   Strikes, work stoppages and slowdowns by our employees. Such  
     actions may affect our ability to meet our customers needs,    
     and customers may do more business with competitors if they  
     believe that such actions may adversely affect our ability to    
     provide service. We may face permanent loss of customers if we  
     are unable to provide uninterrupted service. The terms of future  
     collective bargaining agreements also may affect our competitive  
     position and results of operations.
•   Possible disruption of supplies, or an increase in the prices,  
     of gasoline and fuel and jet fuel for our aircraft and delivery    
     vehicles as a result of war or other factors.  
     We require significant quantities of gasoline and fuel and are  
     exposed to the commodity price risk associated with variations  
     in the market price for petroleum products.
•   Cyclical and seasonal fluctuations in our operating results due to  
     decreased demand for our services.

64 UPS Annual Report 2003

 
 
 
 
Price and dividend information

Price and Dividend Information

The following is a summary of our Class B common stock price activity and dividend information for 2003 and 2002. Our Class B 
common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “UPS”.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dividends
2003:                                                                                                                                              High                             Low                           Close                 Declared

First Quarter                                                                                          $       64.48            $      53.00           $      57.00           $      0.21 
Second Quarter                                                                                     $       64.32            $      56.52           $      63.70           $      0.21 
Third Quarter                                                                                         $       64.99            $      61.17           $      63.80           $      0.25 
Fourth Quarter                                                                                       $       74.86            $      63.76           $      74.55           $      0.25 

2002:                                                                                                                                                   
First Quarter                                                                                          $       61.24            $      54.25           $      60.80           $      0.19 
Second Quarter                                                                                     $       63.00            $      57.75           $      61.75           $      0.19 
Third Quarter                                                                                         $       67.10            $      58.80           $      62.53           $      0.19 
Fourth Quarter                                                                                       $       64.50            $      58.50           $      63.08           $      0.19  

As of February 28, 2004, there were 169,751 and 14,409 record holders of Class A and Class B stock, respectively.

The policy of our board of directors is to declare dividends each year out of current earnings. The declaration of future dividends is 
subject to the discretion of the board of directors in light of all relevant facts, including earnings, general business conditions and working 
capital requirements.

On February 12, 2004, our board declared a dividend of $0.28 per share, which is payable on March 9, 2004 to shareowners of record 

on February 23, 2004.

Price and dividend information   65

                                                                                                                                                          
Investor information

Annual Meeting

Direct Stock Purchase Plan

Our annual meeting of shareowners will be held at 
8:00 a.m. on May 6, 2004, at the Hotel du Pont, 
11th and Market Streets, Wilmington, DE 19801. 
Shareowners of record as of March 8, 2004, are 
entitled to vote at the meeting.

Exchange Listing

Our Class B common stock is listed on the New York 
Stock Exchange under the symbol “UPS.”

Form 10-K

A copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K may 
be obtained without charge at www.ups.com or at 
www.sec.gov, the Web site for the Securities and Exchange 
Commission. It also is available by calling or writing to 
our Investor Relations Department.

Investor information is available in the Investor Relations 
section of the UPS Web site at www.ups.com.

The Mellon Direct Investment & Dividend Reinvestment 
Plan provides comprehensive services designed to 
make investing in UPS Class B common stock easy and 
convenient. You can participate at no charge if you 
currently own shares of UPS Class B common stock. If you 
are not currently a UPS Class B common stock shareowner, 
you can join the plan for an initial investment of $250 in 
Class B common shares. The plan also provides a dividend 
reinvestment feature for plan participants, which allows 
you to reinvest your UPS Class B common stock dividends 
in shares of UPS Class B common stock.

If you are a current UPS Class B common stock 
shareowner, you can enroll in the plan online at 
www.melloninvestor.com/isd or by calling toll-free 
800-758-4674.

If you wish to make an initial purchase of UPS Class B 
common stock online, visit www.melloninvestor.com and 
select “For Investors.” Follow the instructions provided 
to search for Direct Investment Plans and access the 
Enrollment Wizard.

66   UPS Annual Report 2003

Dividend Reinvestment Plan

Online Access to Shareowner Materials through MLinkSM

UPS provides a dividend reinvestment plan for 
shareowners of UPS Class A common stock. 
To learn more about the dividend reinvestment 
plan, Class A common shareowners can visit  
www.melloninvestor.com/isd.

UPS Shareowner Services

Convenient access 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

Class A Common Shareowners

www.melloninvestor.com
select MellonOne 
888-663-8325

Class B Common Shareowners

www.melloninvestor.com 
select Investor ServiceDirect® 
800-758-4674

Calls from outside the United States: 201-373-5334 
TDD for hearing impaired: 800-231-5469 
TDD for non-U.S. shareowners: 201-329-8354

Interested in receiving shareowner information 
electronically? Enroll in MLink, a self-service program 
that provides electronic notification and secure access 
to shareowner communications. To enroll, follow the 
MLink enrollment instructions when you access your 
UPS Class A or UPS Class B common shareowner 
account via the Web sites previously noted.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

Account information and transactions are managed by 
Mellon Investor Services LLC. Please direct notices of 
address changes or questions regarding account status, 
stock transfers, lost certificates, or dividend payments to 
the transfer agent at the address below.

United Parcel Service, Inc.
c/o Mellon Investor Services LLC
P.O. Box 3415
South Hackensack, NJ 07606-3415 

or

85 Challenger Road
Ridgefield Park, NJ 07660

Investor Relations

UPS maintains a comprehensive Web site at www.ups.com and has 
an active Investor Relations program. You can contact the Investor 

Relations Department at: 

UPS
55 Glenlake Parkway, NE 
Atlanta, GA 30328

800-877-1503 or 404-828-6059

Investor information   67

 
 
 
 
68   UPS Annual Report 2003

…a world of opportunity.

We see a company with a strong vision and the agility to 

execute that vision — synchronizing global commerce. 

Letter to shareowners 
We see growth  
We see a world of opportunity 
UPS senior leadership 
Financial highlights 
Selected financial data 
Financial table of contents 
Investor information 

2
6
8
18
20
21
22
66

Copyright © 2004 United Parcel Service of America, Inc. All rights reserved.

We see…

55 Glenlake Parkway, NE
Atlanta, GA 30328
www.ups.com

UPS Annual Report 2003