Valley National Bancorp Annual Report 2009

Plain-text annual report

2009 ANNUAL REPORT 2009 ANNUAL REPORT 198 BRANCH LOCATIONS HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA 1989 - 2009 Sussex NEW JERSEY Passaic 287 Bergen Warren 80 80 Morris Manhattan NEW YORK Essex Hudson Queens 287 Union Brooklyn Hunterdon Somerset e pik urn NJ T Year End Total Assets Net Income Diluted Earnings Per Common Share (1) Return on Average Assets Return on Average Equity Dividends Per Common Share Common Stock Splits and Dividends 2009 $14,284 $116.1 (2) $0.67 0.81% 8.64% $0.76 5/09 - 5% Stock Dividend Dollars in millions, except for share data. 2008 14,718 93.6 (2) 0.67 2007 12,749 153.2 (2) 1.15 2006 12,395 163.7 (2) 1.21 2005 12,436 163.4 2004 10,763 154.4 2003 9,873 153.4 2002 9,148 154.6 2001 8,590 135.2 2000 6,426 106.8 1999 6,360 106.3 1998 5,541 97.3 1997 5,091 85.0 1996 4,687 67.5 1995 4,586 62.6 1994 3,744 1993 3,605 1992 3,357 1991 3,055 1990 2,149 1989 1,975 59.0 56.4 43.4 31.7 28.6 36.0 1.23 1.22 1.21 1.17 0.99 0.95 0.89 0.86 0.78 0.69 0.63 0.70 0.68 0.53 0.39 0.35 0.44 0.69 1.25 1.33 1.39 1.51 1.63 1.78 1.68 1.72 1.75 1.82 1.67 1.47 1.40 1.60 1.62 1.36 1.29 1.44 1.92 8.74 16.43 17.24 19.17 22.77 24.21 23.59 19.70 20.28 18.35 18.47 18.88 17.23 16.60 20.03 21.42 19.17 15.40 14.54 19.93 0.76 0.76 0.74 0.72 0.70 0.66 0.63 0.59 0.56 0.53 0.48 0.41 0.37 0.35 0.34 0.27 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.22 5/08 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/07 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/06 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/05 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/04 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/03 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/02 - 5:4 Stock Split 5/01 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/00 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/99 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/98 - 5:4 Stock Split 5/97 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/96 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/95 - 5% Stock Dividend 5/94 - 10% Stock Dividend 4/93 - 5:4 Stock Split 4/92 - 3:2 Stock Split Middlesex Mercer N J T urn pik e Monmouth y a w k ar e P t a t en S rd a G CURRENT LOCATIONS See the complete branch listing on inside back cover. All per share amounts have been adjusted retroactively for stock splits and stock dividends during the periods presented. Data for the years prior to 2001 in the table above exclude certain prior year results for merger transactions accounted for using the pooling-of-interests method. (1) Beginning in 1997, earnings per common share is presented on a diluted basis. (2) Net income includes other-than-temporary impairment charges on investment securities totaling $4.0 million, $49.9 million, $10.4 million and $3.0 million, net of tax beneﬁ t, for 2009, 2008, 2007, and 2006, respectively. VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP 3 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP 1 forward. Banks with strong capital ratios, such as ours, will be those that can both thrive and weather difﬁ cult times in the future. The additional shares outstanding will be dilutive to our future earnings per share, but those shares and capital will strengthen Valley. As a further consequence of the economic meltdown and the failure of so many banks, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), the government agency that insures deposits, has substantially increased our cost to insure those deposits. During 2009, our cost for FDIC Insurance was $20.1 million compared with $2.0 million in 2008. A portion of that cost was a special assessment of $6.5 million, as of June 30, 2009, needed to help recapitalize the FDIC’s insurance fund. In addition, on December 31, 2009 Valley was required to prepay, without interest, to the FDIC the next three years of premiums. There may be further charges in the future, but these are not possible for us to predict at this time. The above charges negatively impacted our net income and earnings per share for the current year. Loans As a ﬁ nancial institution with long standing ties to the local communities we serve, we have a primary objective of meeting the business and consumer credit needs within our markets. In meeting these goals, we are doing more than increasing Valley’s revenue. Our lending efforts are stimulating economic growth by addressing the credit needs of our customers. During 2009, there was growth in both commercial mortgage loans and commercial loans, but no growth in our residential loans or consumer loans. While we were able to make a signiﬁ cant amount of residential mortgage loans in 2009, we chose to sell a large majority of these into the secondary market rather than keep them on our balance sheet. Consumer loan activity was also negative- ly affected by a struggling auto industry causing our portfolio to shrink. As the economic recovery continues, we believe demand will rise for these types of loans and, when it does, Valley will be ready to provide affordable lending options for our customers. Even in difﬁ cult times, we are fully prepared to service the diverse ﬁ nancial needs of our customer base. Deposits We operate in a very competitive marketplace for deposits. We have countered this aggressive competition by offering a suite of deposit products designed to offer our customers safety, convenience and added features that enhance their ﬁ nancial relationship at Valley. Our staff continues to work diligently to develop new consumer and business relationships. The Customer Experience Valley offers a unique customer experience at each one of our 198 branches by offering unparalleled customer service. Since 1927, we have offered traditional banking products in a personable, approachable manner. Our philosophy is a simple one -- our customers are more than account numbers and are fellow members of the communities we serve. In addition to our traditional lending programs, Valley offers a variety of creative lending solutions such as aviation ﬁ nancing, healthcare ﬁ nancing and equipment leasing programs. Our Wealth Management Division continues to build long-term relationships with customers by offering investment, trust, asset management, title and insurance services. The availability of these non-traditional banking services offers Valley’s customers a complete ﬁ nancial relationship with a strong, reliable partner. Our customers can be sure that their deposits at Valley are fully insured by the FDIC’s basic coverage of $250 thousand. Under the FDIC’s Transaction Account Guarantee Program of 2008, Valley can and does offer businesses and individual customers, until June 30, 2010, unlimited insurance coverage on all non-interest bearing transactional deposit and NOW accounts that earn interest of 0.5 percent or less. Valley’s decision to participate in the Transaction Account Guarantee Program cost Valley approximately $853 thousand in additional FDIC insurance premiums. Community Banking For 83 years, Valley has sustained its focus on community involvement in the communities we serve, and 2009 was no exception. Our approach to community banking is more than a tag line in a brochure. Each branch that we open strives to establish deep roots in the community by supporting local civic, charitable, cultural and other non-proﬁ t groups. We know that when residents and local businesses prosper, Valley beneﬁ ts from the community’s economic vitality. We don’t just work here, we live here too. We designated June 6, 2009 as Valley Community Service Day. Approximately 75 Valley team members volunteered in six New Jersey communities to build affordable housing, improve neighborhoods, and help several nonproﬁ t organizations. In October, more than 700 staff members, family and friends gathered at the Wayne Corporate Campus to raise money in the ﬁ ght against breast cancer for our “Valley Goes Pink!” walkathon event. The proceeds of the event beneﬁ ted the Cure Breast Cancer Foundation (CBCF), which raises money solely for research at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. After the ﬁ nal contributions were tallied, Valley and its employees raised over $70 thousand within a six-week period which enabled Memorial Sloan Kettering to hire an additional technician to further their extensive research on the theory of self-seeding in breast cancer. One of our most successful community campaigns was designed to create greener and cleaner neighborhoods. Valley’s “Go Green” sweepstakes promotion invited members of the local community to stop in and ﬁ ll out an entry card to register to win a Valley Visa® Gift Card that could be used to purchase energy efﬁ cient products. Everyone who ﬁ lled out an entry form received a free energy efﬁ cient light bulb. As always, Valley employees participated in many charity events which included a blood drive, a coat drive, a gift drive and even a drive to recycle old eye glasses for those who cannot afford new ones. A Vision for the Future As Valley continues to expand throughout New Jersey and the boroughs of New York City, our emphasis on building relationships remains foremost. We know that Valley’s long-term success depends on the strengths of customer relationships and a reputation for integrity and service. Our strong capital position has sheltered us from the ﬁ nancial storm. It has allowed us to grow and continue our expansion in Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens and Central New Jersey, with seven new branches in 2009. All of these new ofﬁ ces have been successful and often our reputation for exceptional service precedes us into new markets. One of Valley’s core strengths continues to be the conﬁ dence we have in our management and our sound business plan for growth and proﬁ tability well beyond 2010. We have appointed Chief Operating Ofﬁ cer Peter Crocitto and Chief Financial Ofﬁ cer Alan Eskow as our ﬁ rst two Senior Executive Vice Presidents. Mr. Crocitto and Mr. Eskow, both members of Valley’s Ofﬁ ce of The Chairman Committee, will play critical roles in leading Valley into the future by working side by side with the Chairman and the Board of Directors on the strategic direction and operations of Valley. As we enter 2010, we will face new challenges. However, we believe that there are opportunities for growth and proﬁ tability in these challenges. We want to thank our Board of Directors for its support and continued leadership. Finally, we want to thank you, our shareholders, for your conﬁ dence in Valley’s Board, management, and staff. Gerald H. Lipkin Chairman, President & CEO Letter to our Shareholders During 2009 Valley National Bank has remained a proﬁ table ﬁ nancial institution while operating in one of the most challenging economic environments since the Great Depression. At a time when many banks across the country posted net losses and dismal credit quality metrics, we were an exception. Many of the challenges we faced in 2009 were products of a rapidly changing and vastly unpredictable economic environment. This recent recessionary period has had a signiﬁ cant negative impact on the markets in which we operate. Despite these obstacles, we have remained committed to growing the bank in a consistent, prudent manner with a highly focused approach centered on shareholder returns. We are proud to report that regardless of these unfavorable market conditions, we were one of the few large ﬁ nancial institutions still able to maintain our cash dividend. Our historical performance speaks for itself, as we were the 26th most proﬁ table commercial bank in the country measured over the last three years. We reported net income for the year ended December 31, 2009 of $116.1 million, $0.67 per diluted common share. Diluted earnings per common share for the 2009 annual period were negatively impacted by our cost to carry preferred stock under the TARP Capital Repurchase Program, increases in the provision for credit losses, the increased and special FDIC insurance assessment, and net trading losses incurred due to non-cash mark- to-market losses on our junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value. We, like most other banking institutions, were affected by the prolonged recession and loss of jobs. As a result of our long standing conservative lending philosophy, we were less impacted than most banks. Our sound asset quality, the hallmark and focus of Valley proﬁ tability for 2009 remained strong. Our loans past due 30 days or more in our entire loan portfolio of $9.4 billion was 1.61 percent at December 31, 2009. Our commercial real estate loan portfolio had loans past due 30 days or more totaling 0.99 percent at December 31, 2009. The residential mortgage and home equity loan portfolios totaling over 22,000 individual loans had only 220 loans past due 30 days or more at December 31, 2009. The residential mortgage and home equity loan delinquencies totaled $39.2 million, or 1.56 percent of $2.5 billion in total loans within these categories at December 31, 2009. We have a longstanding lending culture that calls for the protection of our shareholders’ interests ﬁ rst and foremost. This sometimes leads to slower loan growth or other types of expansion that may cause undue or unnecessary risk. Your Board of Directors and Valley’s management has been criticized at times because other banks were growing much quicker than Valley. However, that type of growth usually comes with losses that can be substantial and, as we are seeing with weekly bank failures, difﬁ cult to recover from. During the late 1980’s and the early 1990’s, many institutions failed and were consolidated into what are now very large regional, national and international banks. At that time we were the ninth largest New Jersey Commercial Bank, and today we are the largest commercial bank remaining in New Jersey. In addition, we are the 38th largest U.S. chartered commercial bank today. We are proud of our success that has been achieved based on normal and responsible growth strategies. We serve businesses and individuals in both New Jersey and New York. We believe in lending to creditworthy businesses and individuals who have the ability to pay back the amount borrowed plus interest. We have little tolerance for losses, but understand that at times losses will occur, as a result of unforeseen circumstances, such as the current economic environment. It takes a signiﬁ cant amount of new loans to make up for just a few loans that go bad. Because of Valley’s unwavering commitment to protecting all of its shareholders, during 2008 Valley accepted $300 million in TARP funds from the federal government through its purchase of preferred stock in Valley. Even considering how strong Valley was at that time, the amount and scope of turmoil in the U.S. and global economy persuaded us to take the TARP funds as an insurance policy. The preferred stock was quite expensive, but provided us additional comfort in being one of the strongest banks in the nation. As the country moved through 2009 and Valley started to see signs of recovery, we repurchased the preferred shares from the federal government in stages. By the end of 2009, your Board of Directors and Valley’s management made the decision to repurchase the last of the $100 million in preferred shares and exit the TARP program. As stated above, the cost of this preferred stock to our shareholders was quite high at $19.5 million, or $0.14 per share. However, because of our concern for the survival of the U.S. and global ﬁ nancial system, this cost appeared reasonable as a measure to protect our institution and your valued investment. During the third and fourth quarter of 2009, Valley sold common stock in an attempt to strengthen its capital position even further. This decision was in response to the failure of so many ﬁ nancial institutions during 2008 and 2009, combined with the resulting change in the outlook for banks’ capital levels going 2 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP 3 SENIOR EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT TEAM Left to right: Peter Crocitto Senior Executive Vice President & Chief Operating Ofﬁ cer Gerald H. Lipkin Chairman of the Board, President & Chief Executive Officer Alan D. Eskow Senior Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Ofﬁ cer Sitting left to right: Robert J. Mulligan Executive Vice President & Chief Administrative Ofﬁ cer Bernadette M. Mueller Executive Vice President & Director of Sales and Client Development Robert M. Meyer Executive Vice President & Chief Commercial Lending Ofﬁ cer Standing left to right: Robert E. Farrell Executive Vice President & Chief Credit Ofﬁ cer Albert L. Engel Executive Vice President & Chief Retail Lending Ofﬁ cer James G. Lawrence Executive Vice President Left to right: Kermit R. Dyke First Senior Vice President New York Commercial Lending Peter T. Jackey First Senior Vice President Information Services Thomas Sparkes First Senior Vice President Consumer Lending Andrea T. Onorato First Senior Vice President Retail Banking Operations/Customer Service Maureen Zegler First Senior Vice President New York Divisional Manager Barbara Mohrbutter First Senior Vice President New Jersey Central Divisional Manager Russell C. Murawski First Senior Vice President Commercial Loans Dianne M. Grenz First Senior Vice President Marketing/Public Relations Richard P. Garber First Senior Vice President Commercial Mortgage Left to right: John H. Noonan First Senior Vice President Risk Management Eric W. Gould First Senior Vice President Investments Sheila M. Leary First Senior Vice President Compliance–AML/BSA Elizabeth De Laney First Senior Vice President Residential Mortgage Ira Robbins First Senior Vice President & Treasurer Anthony M. Bruno First Senior Vice President President, Wealth Management Carol B. Diesner First Senior Vice President Human Resources Marianne Potito First Senior Vice President Special Assets Wayne Fritsch First Senior Vice President Operations 4 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP 5 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Valley National Bank has been providing quality banking and financial services to retail, commercial and trust customers. We are committed to providing the same friendly service when responding to our customers’ needs 83 years later. With over $14 billion in assets, Valley currently operates 198 branch offices in 135 communities throughout 14 counties in northern and central New Jersey, Manhattan, Brooklyn and Queens. Gerald H. Lipkin Chairman of the Board President & CEO Board Member since 1986 Gerald Korde President Birch Lumber Company Board Member since 1989 Michael L. LaRusso Financial Consultant Board Member since 2004 Marc J. Lenner CEO & CFO Lester M. Entin Associates Board Member since 2007 Andrew B. Abramson President/CEO The Value Companies, Inc. Board Member since 1994 Pamela R. Bronander Vice President KMC Mechanical Inc. Board Member since 1993 Eric P. Edelstein Executive Vice President & CFO Consultant Board Member since 2003 Robinson Markel Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP Board Member since 2001 Richard S. Miller Williams, Caliri, Miller & Otley P.C. Board Member since 1999 Barnett Rukin CEO SLX Capital Management Board Member since 1991 Mary J. Steele Guilfoile Chairman MG Advisors, Inc. Board Member since 2003 Graham O. Jones Partner Jones & Jones Board Member since 1997 Walter H. Jones, III Former Chairman Hoke, Inc. Board Member since 1997 Suresh L. Sani President First Pioneer Properties, Inc. Board Member since 2007 Robert C. Soldoveri Owner Solan Management, LLC Board Member since 2008 Jack Kay Emeritus Board Member since 2005 6 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP 7 Building communities one family at a time. Valley employees volunteered to help beautify neighborhoods in Elizabeth, New Jersey. Staff members generously donated more Staff members generously donated more then 500 coats during our Holiday Coat Drive for the Salvation Army in Passaic County. Valley and its employees generously donated to the Haiti Relief Fund to assist victims of the earthquake and their families. Helping people in the communities we serve. Partnering with the American Red Cross, staff members donated blood that equaled the results of drives conducted by most mid-sized towns. During the holiday season, staff members donated gifts for The Salvation Army and Lincoln Park Jaycees, which beneﬁ t children who are less fortunate. Teams of volunteers donated their time to help the Morris Habitat for Humanity, Housing Partnership and Morris County Parks Commission. Valley National Bank recognizes breast cancer awareness month by raising over $70,000 for research. On October 25th, Valley hosted a walkathon entitled, “Valley Goes Pink!” to raise money and awareness in the ﬁ ght against breast cancer. Over 700 walkers gathered at the Wayne Corporate Campus to participate in this worthy cause. The proceeds of the event beneﬁ ts the Cure Breast Cancer Foundation (CBCF), which raises money solely for the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Center. As one of the world’s premier cancer centers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center treats more breast cancer patients than any other center in the nation. Shred-it Events are hosted to promote identity theft awareness. Residents within the community are invited to bring their personal and conﬁ dential documents, which are shredded on-site, in a truck provided by Shred-it. Teams of Valley staff members volunteered at Paterson Habitat for Humanity to help build affordable housing. Children are invited for a tour of our branches during Financial Literacy Days that are designed to teach children about banking and the value of saving. 8 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP 9 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS FINANCIAL CONDITION Valley National Bancorp & Subsidiaries (in thousands, except for share data) Assets Cash and due from banks Interest bearing deposits with banks Investment securities: Held to maturity, fair value of $1,548,006 at December 31, 2009 and $1,069,245 at December 31, 2008 Available for sale Trading securities Total investment securities Loans held for sale, at fair value Loans Less: Allowance for loan losses Net loans Premises and equipment, net Bank owned life insurance Accrued interest receivable Due from customers on acceptances outstanding Goodwill Other intangible assets, net Other assets Total Assets Liabilities Deposits: Non-interest bearing Interest bearing: Savings, NOW and money market Time Total deposits Short-term borrowings Long-term borrowings Junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts (includes fair value of $155,893 at December 31, 2009 and $140,065 at December 31, 2008 for VNB Capital Trust I) Bank acceptances outstanding Accrued expenses and other liabilities Total Liabilities Shareholders' Equity Preferred stock, no par value, authorized 30,000,000 shares; issued 300,000 shares at December 31, 2008 Common stock, no par value, authorized 200,430,392 shares; issued 154,393,107 shares at December 31, 2009 and 143,722,114 shares at December 31, 2008 Surplus Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive loss Treasury stock, at cost (1,405,204 common shares at December 31, 2009 and 1,946,882 common shares at December 31, 2008) Total Shareholders' Equity Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity December 31, $ 2009 305,678 355,659 $ 2008 237,497 343,010 1,584,388 1,352,481 32,950 2,969,819 25,492 9,370,071 (101,990) 9,268,081 266,401 304,031 56,245 6,985 296,424 24,305 405,033 $ 14,284,153 1,154,737 1,435,442 34,236 2,624,415 4,542 10,143,690 (93,244) 10,050,446 256,343 300,058 57,717 9,410 295,146 25,954 513,591 $ 14,718,129 $ 2,420,006 $ 2,118,249 4,044,912 3,082,367 9,547,285 216,147 2,946,320 181,150 6,985 133,412 13,031,299 3,493,415 3,621,259 9,232,923 640,304 3,008,753 165,390 9,410 297,740 13,354,520 --- 291,539 54,293 1,178,992 73,592 (19,816) 48,228 1,047,085 85,234 (60,931) (34,207) 1,252,854 $ 14,284,153 (47,546) 1,363,609 $ 14,718,129 INCOME Valley National Bancorp & Subsidiaries (in thousands, except for share data) Interest Income Interest and fees on loans Interest and dividends on investment securities: Taxable Tax-exempt Dividends Interest on federal funds sold and other short-term investments Total interest income Interest Expense Interest on deposits: Savings, NOW and money market Time Interest on short-term borrowings Interest on long-term borrowings and junior subordinated debentures Total interest expense Net Interest Income Provision for credit losses Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses Non-Interest Income Trust and investment services Insurance commissions Service charges on deposit accounts Gains on securities transactions, net Other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities Portion recognized in other comprehensive income (before taxes) Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings Trading (losses) gains, net Fees from loan servicing Gains on sales of loans, net Gains on sales of assets, net Bank owned life insurance Other Total non-interest income Years ended December 31, 2009 $ 561,252 2008 $ 572,918 2007 $ 560,066 131,792 9,682 8,513 945 712,184 24,894 93,403 4,026 140,547 262,870 449,314 47,992 401,322 6,906 10,224 26,778 8,005 (6,339) (13) (6,352) (10,434) 4,839 8,937 605 5,700 17,043 72,251 137,763 10,089 6,734 2,190 729,694 45,961 117,152 10,163 135,619 308,895 420,799 28,282 392,517 7,161 10,053 28,274 5,020 (84,835) – (84,835) 3,166 5,236 1,274 518 10,167 17,222 3,256 134,969 11,268 8,002 10,702 725,007 75,695 134,674 17,645 115,308 343,322 381,685 11,875 369,810 7,381 10,711 26,803 2.139 (17,949) – (17,949) 7,399 5,494 4,785 16,051 11,545 14,669 89,028 Non-Interest Expense 128,282 Salary expense 35,464 Employee beneﬁ t expense 58,974 Net occupancy and equipment expense 20,128 FDIC insurance assessment 6,887 Amortization of other intangible assets – Goodwill impairment 7,907 Professional and legal fees 3,372 Advertising 45,014 Other 306,028 Total non-interest expense 167,545 Income Before Income Taxes Income tax expense 51,484 Net Income $ 116,061 19,524 Dividends on preferred stock and accretion 96,537 Net Income Available to Common Stockholders $ 126,210 31,666 54,042 1,985 7,224 – 8,241 2,697 53,183 285,248 110,525 16,934 $ 93,591 2,090 $ 91,501 116,389 29,261 49,570 1,003 7,491 2,310 5,110 2,917 39,861 253,912 204,926 51,698 $ 153,228 --- $ 153,228 Earnings Per Common Share: Basic Diluted Cash Dividends Declared Per Common Share Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding: Basic Diluted $ 0.67 $ 0.67 0.76 $ 0.67 0.67 0.76 1.16 1.15 0.76 144,453,039 144,453,723 136,957,646 137,033,031 132,586,561 132,979,202 See the consolidated ﬁ nancial statements and accompanying notes presented in Item 8 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. See the consolidated ﬁ nancial statements and accompanying notes presented in Item 8 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. 10 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP 11 VNB ADVISORY BOARD Joseph Abergel Jomark/Satex Bernie Adler Adler Development Rand Agins Lasser Hochman, LLC JoAnn Andriola Consultant James Demetrakis, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Charles R. Hockey Shamrock Stage Coach Robert Devino B. Devino Construction Co. Morris Diamond The Diamond Agency Charles B. Hummel Hummel Machine & Tool Co. Charles Infusino Little Falls Shop-Rite, Inc. Donald N. Dinallo Terminal Construction Corporation Terry Ingram Consultant Donald Aronson Donald Aronson Consulting Group George Dominguez Sunrise House Foundation, Inc. Frederick C. Ayers Ayers Chevrolet Carl Bachstadt Bachstadt Tavern Peter Baum Baum Bros. Imports, Inc. George Bean The George Bean Co. Jeffrey Birnberg Tappan Zee Capital Corp. George Blair Retired/Shrewsbury State Bank Robin Blair Kellenyi Johnson Wagner, Architects Stanley Blum Blum & Fink, Inc. Edward Blumenfeld Blumenfeld Development Group, Ltd. Leonard Boxer Strook & Strook & Lavan, LLP Linda R. Brenner Ricciardi Family, LLC Milton Brown Accountant Peter D. Brown Falcon Management John R. Bruno Bruno Associates Gilbert Buchalter Pharmaceutical Innovations, Inc. Bernard Burkhoff The Real Estate Investment Group Albert Burlando Almetek Industries, Inc. John F. Coffey, II, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Bruce Cohen Cohen & Frankel, LLP Melvin Cohen Handi-Hut, Inc. M. Scott Coleman Contemporary Motor Cars, Inc. John Conti Shore Haven Mobile Home Park Anthony Coppola Alliance Title Agency David M. Corry Bruno, DiBello & Co., LLC Francis J. Costenbader, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Robert D’Alessandro Welco CGI Gas Tech, LLC Patrick D’Angola PMD Consultants, Inc. Terry Daverio Lincroft Inn, Inc. George E. Davey, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Bernard Dorfman, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Douglas H. Douty Lusty Lobster, Inc. Gerhardt Drechsel Eagle American Realty, Inc. Kenneth Elkin Summit Stainless Steel, LLC William T. Ferguson Retired John L. Fette Fette Ford, Kia, Infiniti Andrew Fiore, Jr. AWF Leasing Corporation George J. Fiore Real Estate Jack Forgash Tri-Realty Management Corporation Phil Forte Sandy Hill Building Supply Co. John E. Garippa, Esq. Garippa, Lotz & Giannuario Theodore E. Gast Gast & Nash, LLP Andrew Gellert Atalanta Corp. Jay Gerish J. Gerish, Inc. Alan Golub Modern Electric Co. Peter A. Goodman Goodman Sales Co., Inc. Donald Gottheimer Cosmetics Plus Stanley Lee Gottlieb The Diamond Agency Fredric H. Gould Gould Investors Judith Greenberg Heritage Management Co. Steven R. Gross Metro Insurance Services, Inc. Joseph Guttilla Chopper Express J. Roger Haftek J. R. Haftek Co., Inc. Leonard Haiken Prestige Imports, Inc. Jackie Harrison Center for Humanistic Change Willard Hedden Consultant Jacob Helfrich R. Helfrich & Son Guy T. Hembling Charles B. Hembling & Sons, Inc. Mitchell Herman Service Fabrics, Inc. Robert Israel Kentshire Galleries, Ltd. Peter Jakobson, Jr. Jakobson Properties, LLC Kenneth Jayson Jayson Oil Company Sanford Kalb Private Investor Edna Kanter Passaic-Clifton Driv-Ur-Self System, Inc. Richard Kanter Miller Construction Jack Kaplowitz Birch Lumber Company Steven Katz Sterling Properties Group Carolyn Kessler Kessler Industries, Inc. Frank Kobola Koburn Investments Jan Kokes The Kokes Organization Perry J. Koplik PFP - NJ, Inc. Joseph Kubert Joe Kubert School of Cartoon & Graphic Art, Inc. Robert Kuhl J. Kuhl Metals, Inc. Michael Kurzer The Kurzer Group, LLC Robert W. Landzettel Landzettel & Sons Joseph LaScala Bell Mill Construction Co., Inc. Stuart Lasser Subaru/Kia of Mt. Olive Herbert Lefkowitz Consolidated Simon Distributors, Inc. Steven U. Leitner Attorney-at-Law Burton Lerner Tenavision, Inc. William Lerner Imperial Parking Systems, Inc. Donald Lesser Pine Lesser & Sons Larry Levy, Esq. Marcus & Levy Stewart C. Libes Consultant Robert Lieberman All-Ways Advertising Company Seymour Litwin Prudential New Jersey Properties Joseph A. Lobosco Lobosco Insurance Group, LLC Nathan Lubow Consultant Frank Luccarelli Dearborn Farms, Inc. Gerald A. Lustig Acura of Denville & Autosport Honda Samuel A. Magarino Magarino Ford, Lincoln-Mercury LLC Richard Mandelbaum Mandelbaum & Mandelbaum Investors Anthony F. Marangi Marangi Waste Anthony J. Marino Century 21 Construction Corporation Stefano A. Masi Masi, Boyle Associates Lawrence J. Massaro Lordina Builders, Inc. Solomon Masters Real Estate Consultant Sara L. Mayes Gemini Shippers Group Anthony J. Mazzone Innovation Data Processing, Inc. John V. McGrane McGrane Mortgage Company Renee P. McGuire McGuire Auto Group, LLC Dennis R. McKenna Home Mark Homes, Inc. Warren McManus Boynton Benefits Corp. William H. McNear McNear Excavating, Inc. Joseph Melone San Carlo Restaurant Eugene Meyers Hawthorne Chevrolet, Inc. Alan Mirken Aaron Publishing Group Frank Misischia FLM Graphics Corporation Jeffrey Moll Community Healthcare Associates LLC Michael Moskowitz Catanio, Moskowitz & Gutwetter, PC Barry G. Novin Barry Novin Associates Peter Nussbaum, M.D. Associates in Ophthalmology Steven Nussbaum PF Pasbjerg Development Company Dennis C. Oberle Mahwah Sales & Service, Inc. David Oostdyk Royal Pontiac & Oldsmobile, Inc. Larry Pantirer BNE Associates Spiro Pappas Comfort Inn Hal Parnes The Parnes Company Kaiser Pathan New Horizon Management Co. Richard Pearson Fleet Equipment Corporation Ronald Petillo Petillo Enterprises, Inc. Joseph Petito Sunset Deli & Liquors Joel I. Picket Gotham Organization, Inc. James R. Poole Northmarq Capital George Poydinecz Developer Audrey Rabinowitz Plaza Research David Rabinowitz Plaza Research Joshua Rabinowitz American Dyestuff Corporation Mark Rachesky MHR Fund Management Company Vincent Raine Rubin & Raine, II, Inc. Lawrence Rappaport, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Robert Ringley Ber Plastics, Inc. Vincent Riviello Atlantic Coast Fibers, LLC Robert X. Robertazzi Liberty Lincoln-Mercury, Inc. Edward J. Rossi Rossi Chevrolet Pontiac Oldsmobile Buick GMC, Inc. Charles B. Moss, Jr. Bow-Tie Building Times Square Stacey Rudbart J.B. Hanauer Patrick Mucci, Jr. Group Advisory, Inc. John Nakashian H. H. Nakashian & Sons David Nappa Wayne Ford, Inc./Dayton Toyota Mitchell Nelson Flag Luxury Properties David Newton Newrent, Inc. Eric Nielsen Dover Chrysler Plymount, Inc. & Franklin Sussex Hyundai Vincent Russo Vincent J. Russo Realty Co. Anthony Sa Sa & Sons Construction Co., Inc. Leonard Schlussel Welbilt Equipment Corporation Robert A. Senior Three County Volkswagen Corporation Ben Sher Consultant Charles I. Silberman S. Parker Hardware Manufacturing Corp. Alan Lambiase River Terminal Development Co. Roy G. Meyer Consultant Allan Sockol Contemporary Motor Cars, Inc. Fredric F. Azrak, Esq. Azrak & Associates, LLC Lee Silva Silva & Silva, Inc. Maria Silva European Travel Agency Albert Skoglund Hiller & Skoglund, Inc. Roy Solondz Roxbury Mortgage Co., Inc. Arnold Speert William Paterson University Peter A. Spina Wayne Motors, Inc. Martin Statfeld Brown & Brown Insurance David Stavola Stavola Companies Marcia Toledano 990 AvAmericas Associates Pasquale P. Tremonte Fulton Building Co., Inc. Richard Tully Kearny Shop-Rite Richard O. Ullman Benecard, LLC John Usdan Midwood Management Corporation Salvatore Valente Bildisco Door Manufacturing Co., Inc. Marvin Van Dyk Van Dyk Health Care, Inc. William Van Ness, Sr. Van Ness Plastic Molding Co. Sanford C. Vogel Retired J. Robert Warncke Bob Warncke Associates Warren Waters River Development, LLC Arthur M. Weis Capintec, Inc. John V. Werner Werners Dodge Michael Wildstein Apache Mills Stephen Wildstein Apache Mills Eric Witmondt Woodmont Properties, LLC Rudolf F. Wobito Wobito Construction James Wolff Chiropractor Brett Woodward Woodward Construction Co. J. Scott Wright Graphic Management, Inc. Scott R. Yagoda, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Professional Group Advisory Council (PGAC–NJ) Joseph P. Acquavella, CPA ACSB & Co., LLP Rand M. Agins, Esq. Lasser Hochman, L.L.C. Robert A. Fodera, CPA Beard Miller Company LLP Kenneth Lowell Rose, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Victor R. Gerstein, Esq. Gerstein Strauss & Rinaldi, LLP Edward J. Albowicz, Esq. Wilentz, Goldman & Spitzer, PA Paul A. Fried, CPA Smolin, Lupin & Co., PA Thomas J. Angell, CPA Rothstein, Kass & Company, P.C. Michael A. Gallo, Esq. Schenck, Price, Smith & King, LLP John A. Giunco, Esq. Giordano, Halleran & Ciesla, P.C. Scott W. Goodman, Esq. Day Pitney, LLP Milton E. Kahn, CPA Amper, Politziner & Mattia, P.A. Lynne Z. Karinja, CPA Lynne Karinja & Associates, LLC Timothy J. King, CPA Bederson & Company LLP Herbert C. Klein, Esq. Nowell Amoroso Klein Bierman, PC Spiros Backos, CPA Backos & Associates, PC Khoren M. Bandazian, Esq. Carella, Byrne, Bain, Gilﬁ llan, Cecchi, Stewart & Olstein Joseph L. Basralian, Esq. Winne, Banta, Hetherington, Basralian & Kahn, P.C. Michael R. Belfer, CPA Anchin, Block & Anchin LLP Thomas J. Benedetti, Esq. Azzolini & Benedetti, LLC Michael V. Benedetto, Esq. Ansell, Zaro, Grimm & Aaron, PC Michael LaForge, CPA Sobel & Company, LLC Gary D. Bennett, Esq. Koch Koch & Bennett Saul G. Berkowitz, CPA McGladrey & Pullen LLP Robert J. Blackwell, CPA Levine Jacobs & Company, L.L.C. Marc Blumenthal Sax, Macy, Fromm & Co., PC Joseph W. Boyle, CPA Meisel, Tuteur & Lewis, P.C. Milton Brown, PA Accountant Robert Burney, Esq. Lindabury, McCormick, Estabrook, & Cooper, PC Frank A. Carlet, Esq. Carlet, Garrison, Klein & Zaretsky, L.L.P. Barry A. Cohen, Esq. Gelman Gelman Wiskow & McCarthy, LLC Frederick L. Cohen, CPA Weiser, LLP Donna M. Conroy, Esq. Frieri Conroy & Lombardo, LLC Ralph A. Contini, CPA Ralph A. Contini, CPA, LLC Nino A. Coviello, Esq. Saiber LLC Robert J. Crigler, CPA WithumSmith+Brown Roger J. Desiderio, Esq. Bendit Weinstock, P.A. Michael Dunne, Esq. Day Pitney, LLP Carol O. Egan, CPA Cowan, Gunteski & Co., PA John D. Fanburg, Esq. Brach Eichler, LLC Gary R. Feitlin, Esq. Feitlin, Youngman, Karas & Youngman, LLC W. Raymond Felton, Esq. Greenbaum, Rowe, Smith & Davis, LLP Wilfredo Fernandez, CPA Citrin Cooperman & Company, LLP Diane M. Lavenda, Esq. Sills, Cummis & Gross PC Larry Leaf, CPA Leaf, Saltzman, Manganelli, Pfeil & Tendler, LLP Bruce Levinson, CPA Hertz, Herson & Company LLP Tom Loikith, Esq. Harwood Lloyd, LLC Douglas W. Lubic, Esq. Wilentz, Goldman & Spitzer P.A. Saul Lupin, CPA Smolin, Lupin & Co., P.A. Barry R. Mandelbaum, Esq. Mandelbaum, Salsburg, Gold, Lazris, Discenza & Steinberg, P.C. Robert C. Masessa, Esq. Masessa & Cluff Michael McLafferty, CPA Amper, Politziner & Mattia, P.A. William C. McNamara, CPA Cowan, Gunteski & Co., PA Alan Merker, CPA Morris Merker & Co., L.L.C. Sheila Mints, Esq. Coughlin Duffy, LLP John M. Mortenson, CPA WithumSmith+Brown, PC Bruce Nadler, CPA Klingher Nadler, LLP Michael L. Ostrowsky, Esq. Bressler, Amery & Ross, P.C. Dilip S. Patel, CPA Dilip Patel & Company, LLP Jonathan Perelman, CPA Friedman LLP Stephen A. Ploscowe, Esq. Fox Rothschild LLP Maria Plucinsky, CPA Hunter Group Wayne J. Positan, Esq. Lum, Drasco & Positan, LLC Patrick J. Power, CPA WithumSmith+Brown Richard Puzo, CPA J.H. Cohn, LLP Mark S. Rattner, Esq. Riker Danzig, LLP Nicholas San Filippo, IV, Esq. Lowenstein Sandler, PC Theodore E. Schiller, Esq. Schiller & Pittenger, P.C. Barry D. Shapiro, CPA WithumSmith+Brown William S. Taylor, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Robert Traphagen, CPA Traphagen & Traphagen CPAs, LLP Jeffrey D. Urbach, CPA Urbach & Avraham, CPAs, LLP Richard H. Weisinger, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Roberta S. Weisinger, Esq. Attorney-at-Law Peter R. Yarem, Esq. Genova Burns Leo J. Zatta, CPA Wiss & Company, LLP Professional Group Advisory Council for New York (PGAC–NY) Howard D. Bader, Esq. BallonStollBader&Nadler, P.C. Daniel M. Bagatta, Esq. CULLEN and DYKMAN LLP Maurice Berkower, CPA ACSB & Co., LLP Frank J. Candia, CPA Holtz Rubenstein Reminick Jonathan S. Caplan, Esq. Kramer Levin Naftalis & Frankel LLP Robert H. Charron, CPA Marcum LLP Lance D. Christensen, CPA Margolin, Winer & Evens, LLP Jeffrey I. Citron, Esq. Davidoff, Malito & Hutcher, LLP Lowell A. Citron, Esq. Lowenstein Sandler, PC Michael J. Clain, Esq. Windels Marx Lane & Mittendorf, LLP Terri A. Coffel, CPA Citrin Cooperman & Co., LLP Bruce M. Cohen, Esq Cohen & Frankel, LLP Jonathan T.K. Cohen, Esq. Law Ofﬁ ces of Jonathan T.K. Cohen Robert C. Creighton, Esq. Farrell Fritz, PC Thomas P. Dobbins, CPA O’Connor Davies Munns & Dobbins, llp Mark B. Feldstein, CPA Freeman & Davis, a division of Wiss & Company, LLP Ted Felix, CPA ParenteBeard, LLP Lawrence E. Fenster, Esq. Bressler Amery & Ross, P.C. Stan L. Goldberg, Esq. Platzer Swergold Karlin Levine Goldberg & Jaslow, LLP Dennis H. Greenstein, Esq. Seyfarth Shaw, LLP Gerri A. Gregor, CPA Grassi & Co. Roy Hoffman, CPA J.H. Cohn, LLP Ronald H. Janis, Esq. Day Pitney, LLP Harvey M. Katz, Esq. Fox Rothschild, LLP David B. Kaufman, CPA Rothstein Kass & Company, P.C. Thomas Kesoglou, Esq. McCarter & English, LLP Warren D. Kissin, CPA Hertz Herson & Co., LLP Bernard Leone, CPA WithumSmith+Brown, PC Mark Levenfus, CPA Marks Paneth & Shron LLP Donald A. Lipari, CPA McGladrey & Pullen LLP H. Michael Lynch, Esq. Lynch & Associates Bruce A. Madnick, CPA Friedman, LLP Steven J. Mayer, CPA Amper, Politziner & Mattia Jonathan L. Mechanic, Esq. Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson, LLP Steven M. Merdinger, CPA Konigsberg Wolf & Co., P.C. Joseph Michaels, IV, Esq. Dunnington Bartholow & Miller LLP Stephen W. O’Connell, Esq. Hartman & Craven, LLP Douglas A. Phillips, CPA Weiser, LLP Michael Rosenbaum, CPA Berdon, LLP Frank A. Schettino, CPA Anchin Block & Anchin, LLP Mark W. Schlussel, Esq. Zeichner Ellman & Krause, LLP Alan J. Sellitti, CPA BDO Seidman, LLP Fred Shapss, CPA Rosen Seymour Shapss Martin & Co., LLP Paul H. Shur, Esq. Sills Cummis & Gross, PC Allan Starr, Esq. Starr Associates, LLP Richard L. Sussman, Esq. Rosenberg & Estis, PC Marc Taub, CPA ERE LLP Natasha Ziabkina, Esq. Riker Danzig Scherer Hyland & Perretti LLP 12 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP 13 SHAREHOLDER RELATIONS Shareholder Inquiries, Dividend Reinvestment Plan, and Registrar and Transfer Agent For information regarding share accounts of common stock or Valley’s Dividend Reinvestment Plan, please contact the Registrar and Transfer Agent or Valley National Bancorp: American Stock Transfer & Trust Company 59 Maiden Lane New York, New York 10038 Attn: Shareholder Relations Dept. (800) 937-5449 Dividend Reinvestment Plan (800) 278-4353 Valley National Bancorp Attn: Shareholder Relations Dept. (800) 522-4100, ext. 3380 (973) 305-3380 Stock Listing Valley National Bancorp common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol VLY. Annual Meeting April 14, 2010 10:00 AM Teaneck Marriott at Glenpointe 100 Frank W. Burr Boulevard Teaneck, New Jersey 07666 (201) 836-0600 Corporate Address Valley National Bancorp 1455 Valley Road Wayne, New Jersey 07470 (973) 305-8800 Form 10-K Persons may obtain a copy of Valley National Bancorp’s 2009 Annual Report or Form 10-K by submitting a request in writing to: Dianne M. Grenz First Senior Vice President Director of Marketing & Shareholder Relations Valley National Bancorp 1455 Valley Road Wayne, New Jersey 07470 dgrenz@valleynationalbank.com Financial Information Investors, security analysts and others seeking ﬁ nancial information should submit a request in writing to: Alan D. Eskow, CPA Senior Executive Vice President Chief Financial Ofﬁ cer & Corporate Secretary Valley National Bancorp 1455 Valley Road Wayne, New Jersey 07470 aeskow@valleynationalbank.com Mitchell L. Crandell, CPA Senior Vice President & Controller Principal Accounting Ofﬁ cer Valley National Bancorp 1455 Valley Road Wayne, New Jersey 07470 mcrandell@valleynationalbank.com Dianne M. Grenz First Senior Vice President Director of Marketing & Shareholder Relations Mitchell L. Crandell, CPA Senior Vice President & Controller Wilma Falduto Assistant Vice President Secretary to the Board 14 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (Mark One) Í ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 ‘ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission File Number 1-11277 VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) New Jersey (State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) 1455 Valley Road Wayne, NJ (Address of principal executive office) 22-2477875 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) 07470 (Zip code) 973-305-8800 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Name of exchange on which registered Common Stock, no par value VNB Capital Trust I 7.75% Trust Preferred Securities (and the Guarantee by Valley National Bancorp with respect thereto) Warrants to purchase Common Stock New York Stock Exchange New York Stock Exchange NASDAQ Capital Market Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes Í No ‘ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ‘ No Í Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes Í No ‘ Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.) Yes ‘ No ‘ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ‘ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one): Large accelerated filer Í Non-accelerated filer ‘ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes ‘ No Í The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $1.6 billion on June 30, Accelerated filer ‘ Smaller reporting company ‘ 2009. There were 153,140,372 shares of Common Stock outstanding at February 23, 2010. Documents incorporated by reference: Certain portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement (the “2010 Proxy Statement”) for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held April 14, 2010 will be incorporated by reference in Part III. The 2010 proxy statement will be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2009. TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Item 1. Item 1A. Item 1B. Item 2. Item 3. Item 4. Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unresolved Staff Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Item 6. Item 7. Purchases of Equity Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selected Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial Statements and Supplementary Data: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 8. Valley National Bancorp and Subsidiaries: Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Statements of Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Item 9A. Item 9B. Disclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PART III Item 10. Item 11. Item 12. Item 13. Item 14. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence . . . . . . . . . . . Principal Accountant Fees and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 3 13 22 22 22 22 23 25 27 73 74 74 75 76 78 80 146 148 148 151 151 151 151 151 151 PART IV Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 157 2 Item 1. Business PART I The disclosures set forth in this item are qualified by Item 1A—Risk Factors and the section captioned “Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” in Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this report and other cautionary statements set forth elsewhere in this report. Valley National Bancorp, headquartered in Wayne, New Jersey, is a New Jersey corporation organized in 1983 and is registered as a bank holding company with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (“Holding Company Act”). The words “Valley,” “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Valley National Bancorp and its wholly owned subsidiaries, unless we indicate otherwise. At December 31, 2009, Valley had consolidated total assets of $14.3 billion, total loans of $9.4 billion, total deposits of $9.5 billion and total shareholders’ equity of $1.3 billion. In addition to its principal subsidiary, Valley National Bank (commonly referred to as the “Bank” in this report), Valley owns all of the voting and common shares of VNB Capital Trust I and GCB Capital Trust III, through which trust preferred securities were issued. VNB Capital Trust I and GCB Capital Trust III are not consolidated subsidiaries. See Note 12 of the consolidated financial statements. Valley National Bank is a national banking association chartered in 1927 under the laws of the United States. Currently, the Bank has 197 full-service banking offices located throughout northern and central New Jersey and the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn and Queens. The Bank provides a full range of commercial and retail banking services. These services include the following: the acceptance of demand, savings and time deposits; extension of commercial, real estate and consumer loans; equipment leasing; personal and corporate trust, and pension and fiduciary services. Valley National Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiaries are all included in the consolidated financial statements of Valley (See Exhibit 21 at Part IV, Item 15 for a complete list of subsidiaries). These subsidiaries include: • • • • • • • • • a mortgage servicing company; a title insurance agency; asset management advisors which are Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) registered investment advisors; an all-line insurance agency offering property and casualty, life and health insurance; subsidiaries which hold, maintain and manage investment assets for the Bank; a subsidiary which owns and services auto loans; a subsidiary which specializes in asset-based lending; a subsidiary which offers financing for general aviation aircraft and servicing for existing commercial equipment leases; and a subsidiary which specializes in health care equipment and other commercial equipment leases. The Bank’s subsidiaries also include real estate investment trust subsidiaries (the “REIT” subsidiaries) which own real estate related investments and a REIT subsidiary which owns some of the real estate utilized by the Bank and related real estate investments. Except for Valley’s REIT subsidiaries, all subsidiaries mentioned above are directly or indirectly wholly-owned by the Bank. Because each REIT must have 100 or more shareholders to qualify as a REIT, each REIT has issued less than 20 percent of their outstanding non-voting preferred stock to individuals, most of whom are non-senior management Bank employees. The Bank owns the remaining preferred stock and all the common stock of the REITs. 3 Valley National Bank has four business segments it monitors and reports on to manage its business operations. These segments are consumer lending, commercial lending, investment management, and corporate and other adjustments. Valley’s Wealth Management Division comprised of trust, asset management and insurance services, is included in the consumer lending segment. For financial data on the four business segments see Note 19 of the consolidated financial statements. SEC Reports and Corporate Governance We make our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments thereto are available on our website at www.valleynationalbank.com without charge as soon as reasonably practicable after filing or furnishing them to the SEC. Also available on the website are Valley’s Code of Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our employees including our executive officers and directors, Valley’s Audit and Risk Committee Charter, Valley’s Compensation and Human Resources Committee Charter, Valley’s Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter, Valley’s Corporate Governance Guidelines and Valley’s Categorical Standards of Independence. Additionally, we will provide without charge, a copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K or the Code of Conduct and Ethics to any shareholder by mail. Requests should be sent to Valley National Bancorp, Attention: Shareholder Relations, 1455 Valley Road, Wayne, NJ 07470. Competition The market for banking and bank-related services is highly competitive and we face substantial competition in all phases of our operations. We compete with other providers of financial services such as other bank holding companies, commercial banks, savings institutions, credit unions, mutual funds, mortgage companies, title agencies, asset managers, insurance companies and a growing list of other local, regional and national institutions which offer financial services. De novo branching by several national financial institutions and mergers between financial institutions within New Jersey and New York City, as well as other neighboring states have heightened the competitive pressure in our primary markets. We compete by offering quality products and convenient services at competitive prices (including interest rates paid on deposits, interest rates charged on loans and fees charged for other non-interest related services). We continually review our pricing, products, locations, alternative delivery channels and various acquisition prospects and periodically engage in discussions regarding possible acquisitions to maintain and enhance our competitive position. Employees At December 31, 2009, Valley National Bank and its subsidiaries employed 2,727 full-time equivalent persons. Management considers relations with its employees to be satisfactory. 4 Executive Officers Names Gerald H. Lipkin . . . . . . . . Peter Crocitto . . . . . . . . . . Alan D. Eskow . . . . . . . . . Albert L. Engel . . . . . . . . . Robert E. Farrell . . . . . . . . James G. Lawrence . . . . . . Robert M. Meyer . . . . . . . . Bernadette M. Mueller . . . Robert J. Mulligan . . . . . . Elizabeth E. De Laney . . . Kermit R. Dyke . . . . . . . . . Richard P. Garber . . . . . . . Eric W. Gould . . . . . . . . . . Russell C. Murawski . . . . . John H. Noonan . . . . . . . . Ira D. Robbins . . . . . . . . . . Stephen P. Davey . . . . . . . Robert A. Ewing . . . . . . . . Age at December 31, 2009 Executive Officer Since Office 68 52 61 61 63 66 63 51 62 45 62 66 41 60 63 35 54 55 1975 Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of Valley and Valley National Bank 1991 Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer of Valley and Valley National Bank 1993 Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary of Valley and Valley National Bank 1998 Executive Vice President of Valley and Valley National Bank 1990 Executive Vice President of Valley and Valley National Bank 2001 Executive Vice President of Valley and Valley National Bank 1997 Executive Vice President of Valley and Valley National Bank 2009 Executive Vice President of Valley and Valley National Bank 1991 Executive Vice President of Valley and Valley National Bank 2007 2001 1992 2001 2007 2006 2009 2002 2007 First Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank First Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank First Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank First Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank First Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank First Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank First Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank Senior Vice President of Valley National Bank All officers serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. SUPERVISION AND REGULATION The Banking industry is highly regulated. Statutory and regulatory controls increase a bank holding company’s cost of doing business and limit the options of its management to deploy assets and maximize income. The following discussion is not intended to be a complete list of all the activities regulated by the banking laws or of the impact of such laws and regulations on Valley or Valley National Bank. It is intended only to briefly summarize some material provisions. Bank Holding Company Regulation Valley is a bank holding company within the meaning of the Holding Company Act. As a bank holding company, Valley is supervised by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“FRB”) and is required to file reports with the FRB and provide such additional information as the FRB may require. The Holding Company Act prohibits Valley, with certain exceptions, from acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than five percent of the voting shares of any company which is not a bank and from 5 engaging in any business other than that of banking, managing and controlling banks or furnishing services to subsidiary banks, except that it may, upon application, engage in, and may own shares of companies engaged in, certain businesses found by the FRB to be so closely related to banking “as to be a proper incident thereto.” The Holding Company Act requires prior approval by the FRB of the acquisition by Valley of more than five percent of the voting stock of any other bank. Satisfactory capital ratios and Community Reinvestment Act ratings and anti-money laundering policies are generally prerequisites to obtaining federal regulatory approval to make acquisitions. The policy of the FRB provides that a bank holding company is expected to act as a source of financial strength to its subsidiary bank and to commit resources to support the subsidiary bank in circumstances in which it might not do so absent that policy. Acquisitions through the Bank require approval of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency of the United States (“OCC”). The Holding Company Act does not place territorial restrictions on the activities of non-bank subsidiaries of bank holding companies. The Gramm-Leach- Bliley Act, discussed below, allows Valley to expand into insurance, securities, merchant banking activities, and other activities that are financial in nature if Valley elects to become a financial holding company. The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 (“Interstate Banking and Branching Act”) enables bank holding companies to acquire banks in states other than its home state, regardless of applicable state law. The Interstate Banking and Branching Act also authorizes banks to merge across state lines, thereby creating interstate banks with branches in more than one state. Under the legislation, each state had the opportunity to “opt-out” of this provision. Furthermore, a state may “opt-in” with respect to de novo branching, thereby permitting a bank to open new branches in a state in which the Bank does not already have a branch. Without de novo branching, an out-of-state commercial bank can enter the state only by acquiring an existing bank or branch. States generally have not opted out of interstate banking by merger but several states have not authorized de novo branching. New Jersey enacted legislation to authorize interstate banking and branching and the entry into New Jersey of foreign country banks. New Jersey did not authorize de novo branching into the state. However, under federal law, federal savings banks which meet certain conditions may branch de novo into a state, regardless of state law. Troubled Asset Relief Capital Purchase Program In response to the financial crises affecting the banking system and financial markets and going concern threats to investment banks and other financial institutions, on October 3, 2008, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (the “EESA”) was signed into law. Pursuant to the EESA, the U.S. Department of the Treasury was given the authority to, among other things, purchase up to $700 billion of mortgages, mortgage- backed securities and certain other financial instruments from financial institutions for the purpose of stabilizing and providing liquidity to the U.S. financial markets. On October 14, 2008, the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury announced that the U.S. Treasury will purchase equity stakes in a wide variety of banks and thrifts. Under the program, known as the Troubled Asset Relief Program Capital Purchase Program (the “TARP Capital Purchase Program”), from the $700 billion authorized by the EESA, the U.S. Treasury made $250 billion of capital available to U.S. financial institutions in the form of preferred stock. In conjunction with the purchase of preferred stock, the U.S. Treasury received, from participating financial institutions, warrants to purchase common stock with an aggregate market price equal to 15 percent of the preferred investment. Participating financial institutions were required to adopt the U.S. Treasury’s standards for executive compensation and corporate governance for the period during which the U.S. Treasury holds equity issued under the TARP Capital Purchase Program. In November 2008, we decided to enter into a Securities Purchase Agreement with the U.S. Treasury that provided for our participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program. On November 14, 2008, Valley issued and sold to the U.S. Treasury 300,000 shares of Valley Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, with a liquidation preference of $1 thousand per share, and a ten-year warrant to purchase up to 2.4 million shares of Valley’s common stock at an exercise price of $18.66 per share (adjusted for our May 2009 stock dividend). 6 Under the terms of the TARP program, the U.S. Treasury’s consent was required for any increase in our dividends paid to common stockholders or Valley’s redemption, purchase or acquisition of Valley common stock or any trust preferred securities issued by Valley capital trusts until the third anniversary of the Valley senior preferred share issuance to the U.S. Treasury. In addition, participants in the TARP Capital Purchase Program were required to accept several compensation-related limitations associated with this Program and the subsequent American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the “Stimulus Act”). The Stimulus Act modified the compensation-related limitations contained in the TARP Capital Purchase Program and created additional compensation-related limitations. On December 23, 2009, Valley repurchased from the U.S. Treasury the final 100,000 shares of its Fixed Rate Perpetual Preferred Stock, thus ending Valley’s participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program. Valley repurchased the other 200,000 additional shares of preferred stock earlier in 2009. Accordingly, Valley is no longer subject to the prohibitions against increasing dividends and redeeming its common stock and trust preferred securities, and the compensation-related limitations associated with the Capital Purchase Program. At February 26, 2010, the warrant remains outstanding to the U.S. Treasury. We have calculated an internal value for the warrant, and are currently negotiating the redemption with U.S. Treasury. However, if an agreement can not be reached with the U.S. Treasury, the warrant will be sold at public auction. We do not currently have a time frame in which the negotiations will be completed. Regulation of Bank Subsidiary Valley National Bank is subject to the supervision of, and to regular examination by, the OCC. Various laws and the regulations thereunder applicable to Valley and its bank subsidiary impose restrictions and requirements in many areas, including capital requirements, the maintenance of reserves, establishment of new offices, the making of loans and investments, consumer protection, employment practices, bank acquisitions and entry into new types of business. There are various legal limitations, including Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act, which govern the extent to which a bank subsidiary may finance or otherwise supply funds to its holding company or its holding company’s non-bank subsidiaries. Under federal law, no bank subsidiary may, subject to certain limited exceptions, make loans or extensions of credit to, or investments in the securities of, its parent or the non-bank subsidiaries of its parent (other than direct subsidiaries of such bank which are not financial subsidiaries) or take their securities as collateral for loans to any borrower. Each bank subsidiary is also subject to collateral security requirements for any loans or extensions of credit permitted by such exceptions. Dividend Limitations Valley is a legal entity separate and distinct from its subsidiaries. Valley’s revenues (on a parent company only basis) result in substantial part from dividends paid by the Bank. The Bank’s dividend payments, without prior regulatory approval, are subject to regulatory limitations. Under the National Bank Act, dividends may be declared only if, after payment thereof, capital would be unimpaired and remaining surplus would equal 100 percent of capital. Moreover, a national bank may declare, in any one year, dividends only in an amount aggregating not more than the sum of its net profits for such year and its retained net profits for the preceding two years. However, declared dividends in excess of net profits in either of the preceding two years can be offset by retained net profits in the third and fourth years preceding the current year when determining the Bank’s dividend limitation. In addition, the bank regulatory agencies have the authority to prohibit the Bank from paying dividends or otherwise supplying funds to Valley if the supervising agency determines that such payment would constitute an unsafe or unsound banking practice. Loans to Related Parties Valley National Bank’s authority to extend credit to its directors, executive officers and 10 percent stockholders, as well as to entities controlled by such persons, is currently governed by the requirements of the National Bank Act, Sarbanes-Oxley Act and Regulation O of the FRB thereunder. Among other things, these 7 provisions require that extensions of credit to insiders (i) be made on terms that are substantially the same as, and follow credit underwriting procedures that are not those prevailing for comparable transactions with unaffiliated persons and that do not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features and (ii) not exceed certain limitations on the amount of credit extended to such persons, individually and in the aggregate, which limits are based, in part, on the amount of the Bank’s capital. In addition, extensions of credit in excess of certain limits must be approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors. Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Valley and its subsidiaries, other than the Bank, may not extend or arrange for any personal loans to its directors and executive officers. less stringent than, Community Reinvestment Under the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”), as implemented by OCC regulations, a national bank has a continuing and affirmative obligation consistent with its safe and sound operation to help meet the credit needs of its entire community, including low and moderate-income neighborhoods. The CRA does not establish specific lending requirements or programs for financial institutions nor does it limit an institution’s discretion to develop the types of products and services that it believes are best suited to its particular community, consistent with the CRA. The CRA requires the OCC, in connection with its examination of a national bank, to assess the association’s record of meeting the credit needs of its community and to take such record into account in its evaluation of certain applications by such association. The CRA also requires all institutions to make public disclosure of their CRA ratings. Valley National Bank received a “satisfactory” CRA rating in its most recent examination. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 added new legal requirements for public companies affecting corporate governance, accounting and corporate reporting. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 provides for, among other things: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • a prohibition on personal loans made or arranged by the issuer to its directors and executive officers (except for loans made by a bank subject to Regulation O); independence requirements for audit committee members; independence requirements for company outside auditors; certification of financial statements within the Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q by the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer; the forfeiture by the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer of bonuses or other incentive- based compensation and profits from the sale of an issuer’s securities by such officers in the twelve month period following initial publication of any financial statements that later require restatement due to corporate misconduct; disclosure of off-balance sheet transactions; two-business day filing requirements for insiders filing on Form 4; disclosure of a code of ethics for financial officers and filing a Current Report on Form 8-K for a change in or waiver of such code; the reporting of securities violations “up the ladder” by both in-house and outside attorneys; restrictions on the use of non-GAAP financial measures in press releases and SEC filings; the creation of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”); various increased criminal penalties for violations of securities laws; an assertion by management with respect to the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; and a report by the company’s external auditor on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. 8 Each of the national stock exchanges, including the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) where Valley common securities are listed and the NASDAQ Capital Market, where certain Valley warrants are listed, have implemented corporate governance listing standards, including rules strengthening director independence requirements for boards, and requiring the adoption of charters for the nominating, corporate governance and audit committees. USA PATRIOT Act As part of the USA PATRIOT Act, Congress adopted the International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001 (the “Anti Money Laundering Act”). The Anti Money Laundering Act authorizes the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, in consultation with the heads of other government agencies, to adopt special measures applicable to financial institutions such as banks, bank holding companies, broker-dealers and insurance companies. Among its other provisions, the Anti Money Laundering Act requires each financial institution: (i) to establish an anti-money laundering program; (ii) to establish due diligence policies, procedures and controls that are reasonably designed to detect and report instances of money laundering in United States private banking accounts and correspondent accounts maintained for non-United States persons or their representatives; and (iii) to avoid establishing, maintaining, administering, or managing correspondent accounts in the United States for, or on behalf of, a foreign shell bank that does not have a physical presence in any country. In addition, the Anti Money Laundering Act expands the circumstances under which funds in a bank account may be forfeited and requires covered financial institutions to respond under certain circumstances to requests for information from federal banking agencies within 120 hours. Regulations implementing the due diligence requirements, require minimum standards to verify customer identity and maintain accurate records, encourage cooperation among financial institutions, federal banking agencies, and law enforcement authorities regarding possible money laundering or terrorist activities, prohibit the anonymous use of “concentration accounts,” and requires all covered financial institutions to have in place an anti-money laundering compliance program. The OCC, along with other banking agencies, have strictly enforced various anti-money laundering and suspicious activity reporting requirements using formal and informal enforcement tools to cause banks to comply with these provisions. The Anti Money Laundering Act amended the Bank Holding Company Act and the Bank Merger Act to require the federal banking agencies to consider the effectiveness of any financial institution involved in a proposed merger transaction in combating money laundering activities when reviewing an application under these acts. Regulatory Relief Law In late 2000, the American Home Ownership and Economic Act of 2000 instituted a number of regulatory relief provisions applicable to national banks, such as permitting national banks to have classified directors and to merge their business subsidiaries into the Bank. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Modernization Act of 1999 (“Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act”) became effective in early 2000. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act provides for the following: • allows bank holding companies meeting management, capital and Community Reinvestment Act standards to engage in a substantially broader range of non-banking activities than was previously permissible, in commercial and financial companies; including insurance underwriting and making merchant banking investments • allows insurers and other financial services companies to acquire banks; 9 • • removes various restrictions that previously applied to bank holding company ownership of securities firms and mutual fund advisory companies; and establishes the overall regulatory structure applicable to bank holding companies that also engage in insurance and securities operations. If a bank holding company elects to become a financial holding company, it files a certification, effective in 30 days, and thereafter may engage in certain financial activities without further approvals. Valley has not elected to become a financial holding company. The OCC adopted rules to allow national banks to form subsidiaries to engage in financial activities allowed for financial holding companies. Electing national banks must meet the same management and capital standards as financial holding companies but may not engage in insurance underwriting, real estate development or merchant banking. Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act apply to financial subsidiaries and the capital invested by a bank in its financial subsidiaries will be eliminated from the Bank’s capital in measuring all capital ratios. Valley National Bank sold its one wholly owned financial subsidiary, Glen Rauch Securities, Inc, on March 31, 2008. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act modified other financial laws, including laws related to financial privacy and community reinvestment. Insurance of Deposit Accounts The Bank’s deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the Deposit Insurance Fund of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The Deposit Insurance Fund is the successor to the Bank Insurance Fund and the Savings Association Insurance Fund, which were merged in 2006. Under the FDIC’s risk-based system, insured institutions are assigned to one of four risk categories based on supervisory evaluations, regulatory capital levels and certain other factors with less risky institutions paying lower assessments on their deposits. Due to losses incurred by the Deposit Insurance Fund in 2008 from failed institutions, and anticipated future losses, the FDIC, pursuant to a restoration plan to replenish the fund, adopted a substantial increase in the assessment rates applicable to insured institutions. The FDIC also has imposed on all insured institutions a special emergency assessment of 5 basis points of total assets less Tier 1 capital as of June 30, 2009 (capped at 10 basis points of the institution’s deposit assessment base on the same date) in order to cover losses to the Deposit Insurance Fund. The amount of this special assessment for the Bank was $6.5 million. Additional special assessments may be imposed by the FDIC for future quarters at the same or higher levels. No institution may pay a dividend if in default of the FDIC assessment. Due to the recent difficult economic conditions, deposit insurance per account owner has been raised to $250 thousand for all types of accounts until January 1, 2014. The FDIC has authority to further increase insurance assessments. A significant increase in insurance premiums may have an adverse effect on the operating expenses and results of operations of the Bank. Management cannot predict what insurance assessment rates will be in the future. On November 12, 2009, the FDIC issued a final rule that required insured depository institutions to prepay, on December 30, 2009, their estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for all of 2010, 2011 and 2012, together with their quarterly risk-based assessment for the third quarter 2009. Valley prepaid approximately $48.5 million, of which approximately $45.5 million was recorded as a prepaid asset, in assessments as of December 31, 2009. 10 Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program On November 21, 2008, the Board of Directors of the FDIC adopted a final rule relating to the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (“TLG Program”). Under the TLG Program (as amended on March 17, 2009) the FDIC has (i) guaranteed, through the earlier of maturity or December 31, 2012, certain newly issued senior unsecured debt issued by participating institutions on or after October 14, 2008, and before October 31, 2009 and (ii) provided full FDIC deposit insurance coverage for non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts, Negotiable Order of Withdrawal (“NOW”) accounts paying less than or equal to 0.5 percent interest per annum and Interest on Lawyers Trust Accounts held at participating FDIC-insured institutions through June 30, 2010. Coverage under the TLG Program was available for the first 30 days without charge. The fee assessment for coverage of senior unsecured debt ranges from 50 basis points to 100 basis points per annum, depending on the initial maturity of the debt. The fee assessment for deposit insurance coverage ranges from 15 to 25 basis points (based upon the Bank’s CAMELS rating by the OCC) on amounts in covered accounts exceeding $250,000. We have elected to participate in both guarantee programs. However, we have not issued debt under the TLG Program. FIRREA Under the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (“FIRREA”), a depository institution insured by the FDIC can be held liable for any loss incurred by, or reasonably expected to be incurred by, the FDIC in connection with (i) the default of a commonly controlled FDIC-insured depository institution or (ii) any assistance provided by the FDIC to a commonly controlled FDIC-insured depository institution in danger of default. These provisions have commonly been referred to as FIRREA’s “cross guarantee” provisions. Further, under FIRREA, the failure to meet capital guidelines could subject a bank to a variety of enforcement remedies available to federal regulatory authorities. FIRREA also imposes certain independent appraisal requirements upon a bank’s real estate lending activities and further imposes certain loan-to-value restrictions on a bank’s real estate lending activities. The Bank regulators have promulgated regulations in these areas. FDICIA Pursuant to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”), each federal banking agency has promulgated regulations, specifying the levels at which a financial institution would be considered “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized,” or “critically undercapitalized,” and to take certain mandatory and discretionary supervisory actions based on the capital level of the institution. To qualify to engage in financial activities under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, all depository institutions must be “well capitalized.” The financial holding company of a national bank will be put under directives to raise its capital levels or divest its activities if the depository institution falls from that level. The OCC’s regulations implementing these provisions of FDICIA provide that an institution will be classified as “well capitalized” if it (i) has a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 10.0 percent, (ii) has a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 6.0 percent, (iii) has a Tier 1 leverage ratio of at least 5.0 percent, and (iv) meets certain other requirements. An institution will be classified as “adequately capitalized” if it (i) has a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 8.0 percent, (ii) has a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 4.0 percent, (iii) has a Tier 1 leverage ratio of (a) at least 4.0 percent or (b) at least 3.0 percent if the institution was rated 1 in its most recent examination, and (iv) does not meet the definition of “well capitalized.” An institution will be classified as “undercapitalized” if it (i) has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 8.0 percent, (ii) has a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4.0 percent, or (iii) has a Tier 1 leverage ratio of (a) less than 4.0 percent or (b) less than 3.0 percent if the institution was rated 1 in its most recent examination. An institution will be classified as “significantly undercapitalized” if it (i) has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0 percent, (ii) has a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 3.0 percent, or (iii) has a Tier 1 leverage ratio of less than 3.0 percent. An institution will be classified as “critically undercapitalized” if it has a tangible equity to total assets 11 ratio that is equal to or less than 2.0 percent. An insured depository institution may be deemed to be in a lower capitalization category if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating. Similar categories apply to bank holding companies. Valley National Bank’s capital ratios were all above the minimum levels required for it to be considered a “well capitalized” financial institution at December 31, 2008. In addition, significant provisions of FDICIA required federal banking regulators to impose standards in a number of other important areas to assure bank safety and soundness, including internal controls, information systems and internal audit systems, credit underwriting, asset growth, compensation, loan documentation and interest rate exposure. Financial Regulatory Reform Proposals Recent economic and market conditions have led to numerous proposals for changes in the regulation of the financial industry in an effort to prevent future crises and reform the financial regulatory system. President Obama’s administration has released a comprehensive plan for regulatory reform in the financial industry. The Administration’s plan contains significant proposed structural reforms, including heightened powers for the Federal Reserve to regulate risk across the financial agencies, a Consumer Financial Protection Agency and a new National Bank Supervisor. The plan also calls for new substantive regulation across the financial industry, including more heightened scrutiny and regulation for any financial firm whose combination of size, leverage, and interconnectedness could pose a threat to financial stability if it failed. In furtherance of the Administration’s plan, legislation enabling the creation of the Consumer Financial Protection Agency has recently been passed by the U.S House of Representatives. The legislation would subject federally chartered financial institutions to state consumer protection laws that have historically been preempted. 12 Item 1A. Risk Factors An investment in our securities is subject to risks inherent to our business. The material risks and uncertainties that management believes affect Valley are described below. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below together with all of the other information included or incorporated by reference in this report. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing Valley. Additional risks and uncertainties that management is not aware of or that management currently believes are immaterial may also impair Valley’s business operations. The value or market price of our securities could decline due to any of these identified or other risks, and you could lose all or part of your investment. This report is qualified in its entirety by these risk factors. A Prolonged Negative Impact of Economic Downturn. The global and U.S. economic downturn has resulted in uncertainty in the financial markets in general with the possibility of a slow recovery or a fall back into recession. The Federal Reserve, in an attempt to help the overall economy, has kept interest rates low through its targeted federal funds rate and the purchase of mortgage- backed securities. If the Federal Reserve increases the federal funds rate, overall interest rates will likely rise which may negatively impact the housing markets and the U.S. economic recovery. A prolonged economic downturn or the return of negative developments in the financial services industry could negatively impact our operations by causing an increase in our provision for loan losses and a deterioration of our loan portfolio. Such a downturn may also adversely affect our ability to originate or sell loans. The occurrence of any of these events could have an adverse impact our financial performance. Allowance For Loan Losses May Be Insufficient. We maintain an allowance for loan losses based on, among other things, national and regional economic conditions, historical loss experience, and our assumptions regarding delinquency trends and future loss expectations. If our assumptions prove to be incorrect, our allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover losses inherent in our loan portfolio. Bank regulators review the classification of our loans in their examination of us and we may be required in the future to change the classification on certain of our loans, which may require us to increase our provision for loan losses or loan charge-offs. Valley’s management could also decide that the allowance for loan losses should be increased. If actual net charge-offs were to exceed Valley’s allowance, its earnings would be negatively impacted by additional provisions for loan losses. Any increase in our allowance for loan losses or loan charge-offs as required by the OCC or otherwise could have an adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. Further Increases in Our Non-performing Assets May Occur and Adversely Affect Our Results of Operations and Financial Condition. As a result of the economic downturn, particularly during 2009, we are facing increased delinquencies on our loans. Our non-performing assets (which consist of non-accrual loans, other real estate owned and other repossessed assets) increased from 0.45 percent of loans and non-performing assets at December 31, 2008 to 1.04 percent of loans and non-performing assets at December 31, 2009. Until economic and market conditions improve, we expect to continue to incur charge-offs to our allowance for loan losses and lost interest income relating to an increase in non-performing loans. Our non-performing assets adversely affect our net income in various ways. Adverse changes in the value of our non-performing assets, or the underlying collateral, or in the borrowers’ performance or financial conditions could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. There can be no assurance that we will not experience further increases in non-performing loans in the future, or that our non-performing assets will not result in lower financial returns in the future. 13 Changes in Interest Rates Can Have an Adverse Effect on Profitability. Valley’s earnings and cash flows are largely dependent upon its net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income earned on interest-earning assets, such as loans and investment securities, and interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowed funds. Interest rates are sensitive to many factors that are beyond Valley’s control, including general economic conditions, competition, and policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies and, in particular, the policies of the FRB. Changes in monetary policy, including changes in interest rates, could influence not only the interest Valley receives on loans and investment securities and the amount of interest it pays on deposits and borrowings, but such changes could also affect (i) Valley’s ability to originate loans and obtain deposits, (ii) the fair value of Valley’s financial assets and liabilities, including the held to maturity, available for sale, and trading securities portfolios, and (iii) the average duration of Valley’s interest-earning assets. This also includes the risk that interest-earning assets may be more responsive to changes in interest rates than interest-bearing liabilities, or vice versa (repricing risk), the risk that the individual interest rates or rate indices underlying various interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities may not change in the same degree over a given time period (basis risk), and the risk of changing interest rate relationships across the spectrum of interest-earning asset and interest-bearing liability maturities (yield curve risk). Although management believes it has implemented effective asset and liability management strategies to reduce the potential effects of changes in interest rates on Valley’s results of operations, any substantial, unexpected, prolonged change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on Valley’s financial condition and results of operations. A Prolonged or Worsened Downturn Affecting the Economy and/or the Real Estate Market in Our Primary Market Area Would Adversely Affect Our Loan Portfolio and Our Growth Potential. Much of Valley’s lending is in northern and central New Jersey, and Manhattan, Brooklyn and Queens, New York. As a result of this geographic concentration, a further significant broad-based deterioration in economic conditions in New Jersey and the New York City metropolitan area could have a material adverse impact on the quality of Valley’s loan portfolio, results of operations and future growth potential. A prolonged decline in economic conditions in our market area could restrict borrowers’ ability to pay outstanding principal and interest on loans when due, and, consequently, adversely affect the cash flows and results of operation of Valley’s business. Valley’s loan portfolio is largely secured by real estate collateral. A substantial portion of the real and personal property securing the loans in Valley’s portfolio is located in New Jersey and the New York City metropolitan area. Conditions in the real estate markets in which the collateral for Valley’s loans are located strongly influence the level of Valley’s non-performing loans and results of operations. A continued decline in the New Jersey and New York City metropolitan area real estate markets could adversely affect Valley’s loan portfolio. Declines in Value May Adversely Impact the Investment Portfolio. As of December 31, 2009, we had approximately $1.6 billion and $1.4 billion in held to maturity and available for sale investment securities, respectively. We may be required to record impairment charges in earnings related to credit losses on our investment securities if they suffer a decline in value that is considered other-than-temporary. Additionally, (a) if we intend to sell a security or (b) it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis, we will be required to recognize an other-than-temporary impairment charge in the statement of income equal to the full amount of the decline in fair value below amortized cost. Numerous factors, including lack of liquidity for re-sales of certain investment securities, absence of reliable pricing information for investment securities, adverse changes in business climate, adverse actions by regulators, or unanticipated changes in the competitive environment could have a negative effect on our investment portfolio and may result in other-than-temporary impairment on our investment securities in future periods. 14 Among other securities, our investment portfolio includes private label mortgage-backed securities, trust preferred securities principally issued by bank holding companies (“bank issuers”) (including three pooled securities), perpetual preferred securities issued by banks, and bank issued corporate bonds. These investments pose a risk of future impairment charges by us as a result of the current downturn in the U.S. economy and its negative effect on the performance of these bank issuers and/or the underlying mortgage loan collateral. In addition, some of the bank issuers of trust preferred securities within our investment portfolio are participants in the U.S. Treasury’s TARP Capital Purchase Program. For TARP participants, dividend payments to trust preferred security holders are currently senior to and payable before dividends can be paid on the preferred stock issued under the TARP Capital Purchase Program. Some bank trust preferred issuers may elect to defer future payments of interest on such securities either based upon recommendations by banking regulators or management decisions driven by potential liquidity needs. Such elections by issuers of securities within our investment portfolio could adversely affect securities valuations and result in future impairment charges if collection of deferred and accrued interest (or principal upon maturity) is deemed unlikely by management. If an impairment charge is significant enough it could affect the ability of the Bank to upstream dividends to us, which could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and our ability to pay dividends to shareholders and could also negatively impact our regulatory capital ratios and result in the Bank not being classified as “well- capitalized” for regulatory purposes. Currently, we own $55.0 million in trust preferred securities (with unrealized losses totaling $33.6 million at December 31, 2009) of one issuer who has elected to defer interest payments based upon the conditions of an agreement with its bank regulator. At this time, we are uncertain whether in future periods we will be required to take impairment charges with regard to these securities. An Increased Valuation of Our Junior Subordinated Debentures Issued to VNB Capital Trust I May Adversely Impact Our Net Income and Earnings Per Share. Effective January 1, 2007, we elected to carry the junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I at fair value. We measure the fair value of these junior subordinated debentures using exchange quoted prices in active markets for similar assets (Level 1 inputs as defined in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (the “FASB”) Accounting Standard Update No. 2009-05 under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, which we elected to early adopt on September 30, 2009), specifically the trust preferred securities issued by VNB Capital Trust I, which contain identical terms as our junior subordinated debentures (see Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements). As a result, any increase in the market quoted price, or fair market value, of our trust preferred securities will result in a commensurate increase in the liability required to be recorded for the junior subordinated debentures with an offsetting non-cash charge against our earnings. During 2009, we recognized a $15.8 million ($10.3 million after taxes) non-cash charge due to the change in the fair value of the junior subordinated debentures caused by an increase in the market price of the trust preferred securities. The non-cash charge against our earnings does not impact our liquidity or our regulatory capital. We cannot predict whether or to what extent we would be required to take a non-cash charge against earnings related to the change in fair value of our junior subordinated debentures in future periods. Furthermore, changes in the law and regulations or other factors could require us to redeem the junior subordinated debentures at par value. If we are carrying the junior subordinated debentures at a fair value below par value when such redemption occurs, we will be required to record a charge against earnings in the period in which the redemption occurred. Higher FDIC Deposit Insurance Premiums and Assessments Could Adversely Affect Our Financial Condition. FDIC insurance premiums have increased substantially in 2009 and we may have to pay significantly higher FDIC premiums in the future and prepay insurance premiums. Market developments during 2009 significantly depleted the insurance fund of the FDIC and reduced the ratio of reserves to insured deposits. The FDIC adopted a revised risk-based deposit insurance assessment schedule during the first quarter of 2009, which raised regular 15 deposit insurance premiums. In May 2009, the FDIC also implemented a five basis point special assessment of each insured depository institution’s total assets minus Tier 1 capital as of June 30, 2009, but no more than 10 basis points times the institution’s assessment base for the second quarter of 2009, collected by the FDIC on September 30, 2009. The amount of this special assessment for the Bank was $6.5 million. In December 2009 the FDIC required us to prepay our assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for all of 2010, 2011 and 2012, together with their quarterly risk-based assessment for the third quarter 2009. Notwithstanding this prepayment, the FDIC may impose additional special assessments for future quarters or may increase the FDIC standard assessments. We cannot provide you with any assurances that we will not be required to pay additional FDIC insurance assessments, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. We May be Adversely Affected by the Soundness of Other Financial Institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty, or other relationships. We have exposure to many different industries and counterparties, and routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, commercial banks, brokers and dealers, investment banks, and other institutional clients. Many of these transactions expose us to credit risk in the event of a default by a counterparty or client. In addition, our credit risk may be exacerbated when the collateral held by us cannot be realized or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount due to us. Any such losses could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk is the potential that Valley will be unable to meet its obligations as they come due, capitalize on growth opportunities as they arise, or pay regular dividends because of an inability to liquidate assets or obtain adequate funding in a timely basis, at a reasonable cost and within acceptable risk tolerances. Liquidity is required to fund various obligations, including credit commitments to borrowers, mortgage and other loan originations, withdrawals by depositors, repayment of borrowings, dividends to shareholders, operating expenses and capital expenditures. Liquidity is derived primarily from retail deposit growth and retention; principal and interest payments on loans; principal and interest payments on investment securities; sale, maturity and prepayment of investment securities; net cash provided from operations and access to other funding sources. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry in general. Factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity due to a prolonged economic downturn or adverse regulatory action against us. Our ability to borrow could also be impaired by factors that are not necessarily specific to us, such as a severe disruption of the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry as a whole. Our Deposit Base May Be Adversely Affected by the Loss of Lower-Cost Funding Sources. Checking and savings, NOW, and money market deposit account balances and other forms of customer deposits can decrease when customers perceive alternative investments, such as the stock market or money market or fixed income mutual funds, as providing a better risk/return tradeoff. If customers move money out of bank deposits and into other investments, Valley could lose a relatively low cost source of funds, increasing its funding costs and reducing Valley’s net interest income and net income. 16 We Are a Holding Company and Depend on Our Subsidiaries for Dividends, Distributions and Other Payments. We are a separate and distinct legal entity from our banking and non-banking subsidiaries and depend on dividends, distributions, and other payments from the Bank and its non-banking subsidiaries to fund cash dividend payments on our common stock and to fund most payments on our other obligations. Regulations relating to capital requirements affect the ability of the Bank to pay dividends and other distributions to us and to make loans to us. Additionally, if our subsidiaries’ earnings are not sufficient to make dividend payments to us while maintaining adequate capital levels, we may not be able to make dividend payments to our common shareholders or interest payments on our junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts. Furthermore, our right to participate in a distribution of assets upon a subsidiary’s liquidation or reorganization is subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary’s creditors. We May Reduce or Eliminate the Cash Dividend on Our Common Stock. Our common cash dividend pay-out per common share was greater than our earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2009, thereby causing our earnings retention to be zero for the same period. Our zero retention rate resulted from earnings being negatively impacted by dividends on our senior preferred stock and the accretion of the discount on our senior preferred stock (fully repurchased during 2009), as well as net trading losses caused primarily by to mark-to-market losses on the fair value of our junior subordinated debentures and net impairment losses on private label mortgage-backed securities. The retention ratio for the comparable year ended December 31, 2008 was also negative primarily due to other-than-temporary charges and realized losses on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred securities classified as available for sale. While our earnings retention rate may improve in the future due to the elimination of dividends and accretion due to our redemption of the senior preferred stock, other factors, including those resulting from the economic recession, may negatively impact our future earnings and ability to maintain our dividend at current levels. At this time, and subsequent to our first quarter of 2010 cash dividend payment, we have approximately $100 million in liquid assets, consisting of cash, investments and accrued interest receivable, at the holding company level available to pay dividends, which could provide for quarterly dividends up to three consecutive quarters at the current dividend rate per share based upon the number of our common shares outstanding at February 23, 2010 and projected operating expenses for 2010. Holders of our common stock are only entitled to receive such cash dividends as our Board of Directors may declare out of funds legally available for such payments. Although we have historically declared cash dividends on our common stock, we are not required to do so and may reduce or eliminate our common stock cash dividend in the future. This could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Also, as a bank holding company, our ability to declare and pay dividends is dependent on federal regulatory considerations including the guidelines of OCC and the FRB regarding capital adequacy and dividends. Competition in the Financial Services Industry. Valley faces substantial competition in all areas of its operations from a variety of different competitors, many of which are larger and may have more financial resources than Valley. Valley competes with other providers of financial services such as commercial and savings banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, money market and mutual funds, mortgage companies, insurance companies and a large list of other local, regional and national institutions which offer financial services. Mergers between financial institutions within New Jersey and in neighboring states have added competitive pressure. If Valley is unable to compete effectively, it will lose market share and its income generated from loans, deposits, and other financial products will decline. title agencies, asset managers, 17 Future Offerings of Common Stock, Debt or Other Securities May Adversely Affect the Market Price of Our Stock. In the future, we may increase our capital resources or, if our or the Bank’s capital ratios fall below the prevailing regulatory required minimums, we or the Bank could be forced to raise additional capital by making additional offerings of common stock, preferred stock, trust preferred securities and debt securities. Upon liquidation, holders of our debt securities and shares of preferred stock and lenders with respect to other borrowings will receive distributions of our available assets prior to the holders of our common stock. Additional equity offerings may dilute the holdings of our existing shareholders or reduce the market price of our common stock, or both. Holders of our common stock are not entitled to preemptive rights or other protections against dilution. Potential Acquisitions May Disrupt Valley’s Business and Dilute Shareholder Value. Valley regularly evaluates merger and acquisition opportunities, including FDIC assisted transactions, and conducts due diligence activities related to possible transactions with other financial institutions and financial services companies. As a result, merger or acquisition discussions and, in some cases, negotiations may take place and future mergers or acquisitions involving cash, debt or equity securities may occur at any time. Acquisitions typically involve the payment of a premium over book and market values, and, therefore, some dilution of Valley’s tangible book value and net income per common share may occur in connection with any future transaction. Furthermore, failure to realize the expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic or product presence, and/or other projected benefits from an acquisition could have a material adverse effect on Valley’s financial condition and results of operations. Implementation of Growth Strategies. Valley has a strategic branch expansion initiative to expand its physical presence in Brooklyn and Queens, as well as add locations within its New Jersey and Manhattan markets. We may also expand our branch network into markets outside of these areas based upon changes in management strategy and/or bank acquisition opportunities that may become available in the future. Valley has opened a combined total of 12 branch locations within Brooklyn and Queens since starting its initiative in these new markets during 2007. Valley’s ability to successfully execute in these markets depends upon a variety of factors, including its ability to attract and retain experienced personnel, the competitive responses from other financial institutions in the new market areas, and the ability to manage growth. These initiatives could cause Valley’s expenses to increase faster than revenues. Valley can provide no assurances that it will successfully implement or continue these initiatives. the continued availability of desirable business opportunities and locations, There are considerable initial and on-going costs involved in opening branches, growing loans in new markets, and attracting new deposit relationships. These expenses could negatively impact future earnings. For example, it takes time for new branches and relationships to achieve profitability. Expenses could be further increased if there are delays in the opening of new branches or if attraction strategies are more costly than expected. Delays in opening new branches can be caused by a number of factors such as the inability to find suitable locations, zoning and construction delays, and the inability to attract qualified personnel to staff the new branch. In addition, there is no assurance that a new branch will be successful even after it has been established. From time to time, Valley may implement new lines of business or offer new products and services within existing lines of business. There are substantial risks and uncertainties associated with these efforts, particularly in instances where the markets are not fully developed. Valley may invest significant time and resources to develop and market new lines of business and/or products and services. Initial timetables for the introduction and development of new lines of business and/or new products or services may not be achieved and price and profitability targets may not prove feasible. External factors, such as compliance with regulations, competitive alternatives, and shifting customer preferences, may also impact the successful implementation of a new line of 18 business or a new product or service. Additionally, any new line of business and/or new product or service could have a significant impact on the effectiveness of Valley’s system of internal controls. Failure to successfully manage these risks could have a material adverse effect on Valley’s business, results of operations and financial condition. Extensive Regulation and Supervision. Valley, primarily through its principal subsidiary and certain non-bank subsidiaries, is subject to extensive federal and state regulation and supervision. Banking regulations are primarily intended to protect depositors’ funds, federal deposit insurance funds and the banking system as a whole. Such laws are not designed to protect Valley shareholders. These regulations affect Valley’s lending practices, capital structure, investment practices, dividend policy and growth, among other things. Valley is also subject to a number of federal laws, which, among other things, require it to lend to various sectors of the economy and population, and establish and maintain comprehensive programs relating to anti-money laundering and customer identification. Congress and federal regulatory agencies continually review banking laws, regulations and policies for possible changes. Changes to statutes, regulations or regulatory policies, including changes in interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations or policies, could affect Valley in substantial and unpredictable ways. Such changes could subject Valley to additional costs, limit the types of financial services and products it may offer and/or increase the ability of non-banks to offer competing financial services and products, among other things. Failure to comply with laws, regulations or policies could result in sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil money penalties and/or reputation damage, which could have a material adverse effect on Valley’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Valley’s compliance with certain of these laws will be considered by banking regulators when reviewing bank merger and bank holding company acquisitions. Market Reform Efforts May Result in Our Businesses Becoming Subject to Extensive and Pervasive Additional Regulations. Recent economic and market conditions have led to numerous proposals for changes in the regulation of the financial industry in an effort to prevent future crises and reform the financial regulatory system. President Obama’s administration has released a comprehensive plan for regulatory reform in the financial industry. The Administration’s plan contains significant proposed structural reforms, including heightened powers for the Federal Reserve to regulate risk across the financial system; a new Financial Services Oversight Council chaired by the U.S. Treasury; and two new federal agencies, a Consumer Financial Protection Agency and a new National Bank Supervisor. The plan also calls for new substantive regulation across the financial industry, including more heightened scrutiny and regulation for any financial firm whose combination of size, leverage, and interconnectedness could pose a threat to financial stability if it failed. There can be no assurance as to whether or when any of the parts of the Administration’s plan or other proposals will be enacted into legislation, and if adopted, what the final provisions of such legislation will be. The financial services industry is highly regulated, and we are subject to regulation by several government agencies, including the OCC, the FRB and the FDIC. Legislative and regulatory changes, as well as changes in governmental economic and monetary policy, not only can affect our ability to attract deposits and make loans, but can also affect the demand for business and personal lending and for real estate mortgages. Government regulations affect virtually all areas of our operations, including our range of permissible activities, products and services, the amount of service fees or the ability to assess such fees, the geographic locations in which our services can be offered, the amount of capital required to be maintained to support operations, the right to pay dividends and the amount which we can pay to obtain deposits. New legislation and regulatory changes could require us to change certain of our business practices, impose additional costs on us, or otherwise adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. 19 Changes in Accounting Policies or Accounting Standards. Valley’s accounting policies are fundamental to understanding its financial results and condition. Some of these policies require use of estimates and assumptions that may affect the value of Valley’s assets or liabilities and financial results. Valley identified its accounting policies regarding the allowance for loan losses, security valuations, goodwill and other intangible assets, and income taxes to be critical because they require management to make difficult, subjective and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. Under each of these policies, it is possible that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions, using different assumptions, or as new information becomes available. From time to time the FASB and the SEC change their guidance governing the form and content of Valley’s external financial statements. In addition, accounting standard setters and those who interpret U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), such as the FASB, SEC, banking regulators and Valley’s outside auditors, may change or even reverse their previous interpretations or positions on how these standards should be applied. Such changes are expected to continue, and may accelerate as the FASB and International Accounting Standards Board have reaffirmed their commitment to achieving convergence between U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. Changes in U.S. GAAP and changes in current interpretations are beyond Valley’s control, can be hard to predict and could materially impact how Valley reports its financial results and condition. In certain cases, Valley could be required to apply a new or revised guidance retroactively or apply existing guidance differently (also retroactively) which may result in Valley restating prior period financial statements for material amounts. Additionally, significant changes to U.S. GAAP may require costly technology changes, additional training and personnel, and other expenses that will negatively impact our results of operations. The Price of Our Common Stock May Fluctuate. The price of our common stock on the NYSE constantly changes and recently, given the uncertainty in the financial markets, has fluctuated widely. The market price of our common stock may continue to fluctuate. Holders of our common stock will be subject to the risk of volatility and changes in prices. Our common stock price can fluctuate as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include: • • • • • • • • • quarterly fluctuations in our operating and financial results; operating results that vary from the expectations of management, securities analysts and investors; changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates by securities analysts and investors; events negatively impacting the financial services industry which result in a general decline in the market valuation of our common stock; announcements of material developments affecting our operations or our dividend policy; future sales of our equity securities; new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to our business; changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles; and general domestic economic and market conditions. In addition, recently the stock market generally has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, and industry factors and general economic and political conditions and events, such as economic slowdowns or recessions, interest rate changes or credit loss trends, could also cause our stock price to decrease regardless of our operating results. 20 Encountering Continuous Technological Change. The financial services industry is continually undergoing rapid technological change with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. The effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to better serve customers and to reduce costs. Valley’s future success depends, in part, upon its ability to address the needs of its customers by using technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands, as well as to create additional efficiencies in Valley’s operations. Many of Valley’s competitors have substantially greater resources to invest in technological improvements. Valley may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these products and services to its customers. Failure to successfully keep pace with technological change affecting the financial services industry could have a material adverse impact on Valley’s business and, in turn, Valley’s financial condition and results of operations. Operational Risk. We face the risk that the design of our controls and procedures, including those to mitigate the risk of fraud by employees or outsiders, may prove to be inadequate or are circumvented, thereby causing delays in detection of errors or inaccuracies in data and information. We regularly review and update our internal controls, disclosure controls and procedures, and corporate governance policies and procedures. Any system of controls, however well designed and operated, is based in part on certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurances that the objectives of the system are met. Any failure or circumvention of our controls and procedures or failure to comply with regulations related to controls and procedures could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. We may also be subject to disruptions of our systems arising from events that are wholly or partially beyond our control (including, for example, computer viruses or electrical or telecommunications outages), which may give rise to losses in service to customers and to financial loss or liability. We are further exposed to the risk that our external vendors may be unable to fulfill their contractual obligations (or will be subject to the same risk of fraud or operational errors by their respective employees as us) and to the risk that our (or our vendors’) business continuity and data security systems prove to be inadequate. We maintain a system of comprehensive policies and a control framework designed to monitor vendor risks including, among other things, (i) changes in the (ii) changes in the vendor’s financial condition, vendor’s organizational structure or (iii) changes in the vendor’s support for existing products and services and (iv) changes in the vendor’s strategic focus. While we believe these policies and procedures help to mitigate risk, the failure of an external vendor to perform in accordance with the contracted arrangements under service level agreements could be disruptive to our operations, which could have a material adverse impact on our business and, in turn, our financial condition and results of operations. internal controls, Our performance is largely dependent on the talents and efforts of highly skilled individuals. There is intense competition in the financial services industry for qualified employees. In addition, we face increasing competition with businesses outside the financial services industry for the most highly skilled individuals. Our business operations could be adversely affected if we are unable to attract new employees and retain and motivate our existing employees. Severe Weather, Acts of Terrorism and Other External Events Could Significantly Impact Our Business. A significant portion of our primary markets are located near coastal waters which could generate naturally occurring severe weather, or in response to climate change, that could have a significant impact on our ability to conduct business. Additionally, New York City and New Jersey remain central targets for potential acts of terrorism against the United States. Such events could affect the stability of our deposit base, impair the ability of borrowers to repay outstanding loans, impair the value of collateral securing loans, cause significant property damage, result in loss of revenue and/or cause us to incur additional expenses. Although we have established disaster recovery policies and procedures, the occurrence of any such event in the future could have a material adverse effect on our business, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. 21 We Are Subject to Environmental Liability Risk Associated With Lending Activities. A significant portion of our loan portfolio is secured by real property. During the ordinary course of business, we may foreclose on and take title to properties securing certain loans. In doing so, there is a risk that hazardous or toxic substances could be found on these properties. If hazardous or toxic substances are found, we may be liable for remediation costs, as well as for personal injury and property damage. Environmental laws may require us to incur substantial expenses and may materially reduce the affected property’s value or limit our interpretations or ability to use or sell enforcement policies with respect liability. Although we have policies and procedures to perform an environmental review prior to originating certain commercial real estate loans, as well as before initiating any foreclosure action on real property, these reviews may not be sufficient to detect all potential environmental hazards. The remediation costs and any other financial liabilities associated with an environmental hazard could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. the affected property. In addition, future laws or more stringent to existing laws may increase our exposure to environmental Claims and Litigation Pertaining to Fiduciary Responsibility. From time to time as part of Valley’s normal course of business, customers make claims and take legal action against Valley based on actions or inactions of Valley. If such claims and legal actions are not resolved in a manner favorable to Valley, they may result in financial liability and/or adversely affect the market perception of Valley and its products and services. This may also impact customer demand for Valley’s products and services. Any financial liability or reputation damage could have a material adverse effect on Valley’s business, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition and results of operations. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None. Item 2. Properties We conduct our business at 197 retail banking center locations, with 171 in northern and central New Jersey and 26 in the New York City metropolitan area. We own 93 of our banking center facilities. The other facilities are leased for various terms. Additionally, we have 7 other properties located in New Jersey and New York City that were either owned or under contract to purchase or lease. We intend to develop these properties into new retail branch locations during 2010 and 2011. Our principal business office is located at 1455 Valley Road, Wayne, New Jersey. Including our principal business office, we own four office buildings in Wayne, New Jersey and one building in Chestnut Ridge, New York which are used for various operations of Valley National Bank and its subsidiaries. The total net book value of our premises and equipment (including land, buildings, leasehold improvements and furniture and equipment) was $266.4 million at December 31, 2009. We believe that all of our properties and equipment are well maintained, in good condition and adequate for all of our present and anticipated needs. Item 3. Legal Proceedings In the normal course of business, we may be a party to various outstanding legal proceedings and claims. In the opinion of management, our consolidated statements of financial condition or results of operations should not be materially affected by the outcome of such legal proceedings and claims. Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders None. 22 PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Our common stock is traded on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “VLY”. The following table sets forth for each quarter period indicated the high and low sales prices for our common stock, as reported by the NYSE, and the cash dividends declared per common share for each quarter. The amounts shown in the table below have been adjusted for all stock dividends and stock splits. First Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Second Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Third Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fourth Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19.29 15.47 13.89 14.33 $ 8.04 10.81 10.87 11.61 $0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 $18.76 18.64 23.57 22.76 $15.02 14.84 12.98 13.33 $0.19 0.19 0.19 0.19 Year 2009 Year 2008 High Low Dividend High Low Dividend There were 8,915 shareholders of record as of December 31, 2009. Restrictions on Dividends The timing and amount of cash dividends paid depend on our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and other relevant factors. The primary source for dividends paid to our common stockholders is dividends paid to us from Valley National Bank. Federal laws and regulations contain restrictions on the ability of national banks, like Valley National Bank, to pay dividends. For more information regarding the restrictions on the Bank’s dividends, see “Item 1. Business—Supervision and Regulation—Dividend Limitations” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors—We May Reduce or Eliminate the Cash Dividend on Our Common Stock” above, and Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements contained in Item 8 of this report. In addition, under the terms of the trust preferred securities issued by VNB Capital Trust I and GCB Capital Trust III, we cannot pay dividends on our common stock if we defer payments on the junior subordinated debentures which provide the cash flow for the payments on the trust preferred securities. In November 2008, we issued 300,000 shares of senior preferred stock to the U.S. Treasury under the TARP Capital Purchase Program. We incrementally repurchased the 300,000 from the U.S. Treasury during 2009 and effectively ended our participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program on December 23, 2009. While the shares were outstanding to the U.S. Treasury, with limited exceptions, the U.S. Treasury’s consent was required for: (i) any increase in dividends paid on our common stock above a quarterly dividend of $0.19 per common share, (ii) the repurchase of our common stock in any way, or (iii) the repurchase or redemption of any trust preferred securities issued by us. 23 Performance Graph The following graph compares the cumulative total return on a hypothetical $100 investment made on December 31, 2004 in: (a) Valley’s common stock; (b) the Standard and Poor’s (“S&P”) 500 Stock Index; and (c) the Keefe, Bruyette & Woods’ KBW50 Bank Index. The graph is calculated assuming that all dividends are reinvested during the relevant periods. The graph shows how a $100 investment would increase or decrease in value over time based on dividends (stock or cash) and increases or decreases in the market price of the stock. Index of Total Returns Valley KBW 50 S&P 500 12/04 12/05 12/06 12/07 12/08 12/09 12/04 12/05 12/06 12/07 12/08 12/09 $ 100.00 $ 94.88 $ 113.30 $ 88.86 $ 103.46 $ 80.63 100.00 47.62 102.10 100.00 106.15 80.22 121.46 128.13 100.51 104.91 62.84 80.73 s r a l l o D 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 Valley KBW 50 S&P 500 Issuer Repurchase of Equity Securities There were no purchases of equity securities by the issuer or affiliated purchasers during the three months ended December 31, 2009. Equity Compensation Plan Information The information set forth in Item 12 of Part III of this Annual Report under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information” is incorporated by reference herein. 24 Item 6. Selected Financial Data The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Valley’s consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto presented herein in response to Item 8. As of or for the Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 (in thousands, except for share data) Summary of Operations: Interest income—tax equivalent basis (1) . . . . . . . . . . . $ Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717,411 $ 262,870 735,153 $ 308,895 731,188 $ 343,322 713,930 $ 316,250 Net interest income—tax equivalent basis (1) . . . . . . . Less: tax equivalent adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454,541 5,227 449,314 47,992 426,258 5,459 420,799 28,282 387,866 6,181 381,685 11,875 397,680 6,559 391,121 9,270 631,893 226,659 405,234 6,809 398,425 4,340 Net interest income after provisions for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401,322 392,517 369,810 381,851 394,085 Non-interest income: Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on sale of assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest expense: Goodwill impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDIC insurance assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends on preferred stock and accretion . . . . . . . . . (6,352) 605 77,998 72,251 — 20,128 285,900 306,028 167,545 51,484 116,061 19,524 (84,835) 518 87,573 3,256 — 1,985 283,263 285,248 110,525 16,934 93,591 2,090 (17,949) 16,051 90,926 89,028 2,310 1,003 250,599 253,912 204,926 51,698 153,228 — (4,722) 3,849 72,937 72,064 — 1,085 249,255 250,340 203,575 39,884 163,691 — Net income available to common stockholders . . . . . . . $ 96,537 $ 91,501 $ 153,228 $ 163,691 $ (835) 25 74,543 73,733 — 1,135 236,456 237,591 230,227 66,778 163,449 — 163,449 Per Common Share (2): Earnings per share: Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends declared . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Book value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tangible book value (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted average shares outstanding: 0.67 $ 0.67 0.76 8.19 6.09 0.67 $ 0.67 0.76 7.56 5.30 1.16 $ 1.15 0.76 7.18 5.63 1.21 $ 1.21 0.74 7.11 5.53 1.23 1.23 0.72 6.89 5.28 Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,453,039 136,957,646 132,586,561 134,912,276 132,428,163 Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,453,723 137,033,031 132,979,202 135,462,682 132,917,645 Ratios: Return on average assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Return on average shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . Return on average tangible shareholders’ equity (4) . . Average shareholders’ equity to average assets . . . . . . Dividend payout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risked-based capital: Tier 1 capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leverage capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial Condition: Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 14,284,153 $ 14,718,129 $ 12,748,959 $ 12,395,027 $ 12,436,102 8,055,269 9,268,081 Net loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,570,001 9,547,285 Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931,910 1,252,854 Shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.81% 8.64 11.34 9.40 113.43 0.69% 8.74 11.57 7.94 114.29 10,050,446 9,232,923 1,363,609 8,256,967 8,487,651 949,590 8,423,557 8,091,004 949,060 10.56% 12.44 8.10 10.64% 12.54 8.14 11.44% 13.18 9.10 17.24 22.26 7.72 60.71 16.43 21.17 7.58 65.35 19.17 23.61 7.25 58.00 11.35 7.62 9.55% 1.25% 1.33% 10.28% 12.16 7.82 1.39% See Notes to the Selected Financial Data that follows. 25 Notes to Selected Financial Data (1) In this report a number of amounts related to net interest income and net interest margin are presented on a tax equivalent basis using a 35 percent federal tax rate. Valley believes that this presentation provides comparability of net interest income and net interest margin arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources and is consistent with industry practice and SEC rules. (2) All per common share amounts reflect a five percent common stock dividend issued May 22, 2009, and all prior stock splits and dividends. (3) This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains supplemental financial information which has been determined by methods other than U.S. GAAP that management uses in its analysis of our performance. Management believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide information useful to investors in understanding our underlying operational performance, our business and performance trends, and facilitates comparisons with the performance of others in the financial services industry. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for or superior to financial measures calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Tangible book value per common share, which is a non-GAAP measure, is computed by dividing shareholders’ equity less goodwill and other intangible assets by common shares outstanding as follows: 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 At Years Ended December 31, Common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . 152,987,903 (in thousands, except for share data) 132,136,278 141,775,232 133,540,457 135,318,321 Shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Less: Preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Goodwill and other intangible 1,252,854 $ — 1,363,609 $ 291,539 949,060 $ — 949,590 $ — 931,910 — assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320,729 321,100 204,547 211,355 217,354 Tangible shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . $ 932,125 $ 750,970 $ 744,513 $ 738,235 $ 714,556 Tangible book value per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 6.09 $ 5.30 $ 5.63 $ 5.53 $ 5.28 (4) Return on average tangible shareholders’ equity, which is a non-GAAP measure, is computed by dividing net income by average shareholders’ equity less average goodwill and average other intangible assets, as follows: At Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 116,061 $ ($ in thousands) $153,228 93,591 $163,691 $163,449 Average shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Average goodwill and other intangible 1,342,790 1,071,358 932,637 949,613 852,834 assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319,756 262,613 208,797 214,338 160,607 Average tangible shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . $1,023,034 $ 808,745 $723,840 $735,275 $692,227 Return on average tangible shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.34% 11.57% 21.17% 22.26% 23.61% 26 Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The purpose of this analysis is to provide the reader with information relevant to understanding and assessing Valley’s results of operations for each of the past three years and financial condition for each of the past two years. In order to fully appreciate this analysis the reader is encouraged to review the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto appearing under Item 8 of this report, and statistical data presented in this document. Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements This Annual Report on Form 10-K, both in the MD&A and elsewhere, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are not historical facts and include expressions about management’s confidence and strategies and management’s expectations about new and existing programs and products, acquisitions, relationships, opportunities, taxation, technology, market conditions and economic expectations. These statements may be identified by such forward-looking terminology as “expect,” “anticipate,” “look,” “view,” “opportunities,” “allow,” “continues,” “reflects,” “believe,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “estimates” or similar statements or variations of such terms. Such forward- looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Valley assumes no obligation for updating any such forward-looking statement at any time. Factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by such forward- looking statements include, but are not limited to the factors listed under the “Risk Factor” section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • unanticipated changes in interest rates; increased or unexpected competition from banks, other financial institutions and other companies; changes in loan, investment and mortgage prepayment assumptions; insufficient allowance for credit losses; a higher level of net loan charge-offs, nonperforming assets, and delinquencies than anticipated; a continued or unexpected decline in the economy in our primary market areas, mainly in New Jersey and New York; a continued or unexpected decline in real estate values within our market areas; the occurrence of an other-than-temporary impairment to investment securities classified as available for sale or held to maturity; volatility in earnings due to certain financial assets and liabilities held at fair value; higher than expected FDIC insurance premiums; the failure of other financial institutions with whom we have trading, clearing, counterparty and other financial relationships; a reduction in dividend payments, distributions and other payments from our banking subsidiary; possible reduction or elimination of the dividend on our common stock; changes in relationships with major customers; further offerings of our equity securities may result in dilution of our common stock and a reduction in the price of our common stock; potential acquisitions may disrupt our business and dilute shareholder value; additional regulatory oversight which may require us to change our business model; 27 • • • • • • • • • • • our failure or inability to raise additional capital, if it is necessary or advisable to do so; changes in income tax rates; higher or lower cash flow levels than anticipated; inability to hire or retain qualified employees; a decline in the levels of deposits or loss of alternate funding sources; a decrease in loan origination volume; a change in legal and regulatory barriers including issues related to compliance with anti-money laundering and bank secrecy act laws; adoption, interpretation and implementation of new or pre-existing accounting pronouncements; the development of new tax strategies or the disallowance of prior tax strategies; operational risks, including the risk of fraud by employees or outsiders and unanticipated litigation pertaining to Valley’s fiduciary responsibility; and the inability to successfully implement new lines of business or new products and services. Any public statements or disclosures by Valley following this report that modify or impact any of the forward-looking statements contained in or accompanying this report will be deemed to modify or supercede such forward-looking statements in or accompanying this report. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Our accounting and reporting policies conform, in all material respects, to U.S. GAAP. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management has made estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated statements of condition and results of operations for the periods indicated. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Valley’s accounting policies are fundamental to understanding management’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations. Our significant accounting policies are presented in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. We identified our policies on the allowance for loan losses, security valuations, goodwill and other intangible assets, and income taxes to be critical as management is required to make subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and could be most subject to revision as new information becomes available. Management has reviewed the application of these policies with the Audit and Risk Committee of Valley’s Board of Directors. The judgments used by management in applying the critical accounting policies discussed below may be affected by a further and prolonged deterioration in the economic environment, which may result in changes to future financial results. Specifically, subsequent evaluations of the loan portfolio, in light of the factors then prevailing, may result in significant changes in the allowance for loan losses in future periods, and the inability to collect on outstanding loans could result in increased loan losses. In addition, the valuation of certain securities in our investment portfolio could be negatively impacted by illiquidity or dislocation in marketplaces resulting in significantly depressed market prices thus leading to further impairment losses. Allowance for Loan Losses. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of probable loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio and is the largest component of the allowance for credit losses which also includes management’s estimated reserve for unfunded commercial letters of credit. Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting estimate because it requires significant judgment and the use of estimates related to the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans based on historical loss experience, and consideration of 28 current economic trends and conditions, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. Various banking regulators, as an integral part of their examination process, also review the allowance for loan losses. Such regulators may require, based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination, that certain loan balances be charged off or require that adjustments be made to the allowance for loan losses when their credit evaluations differ from those of management. Additionally, the allowance for loan losses is determined, in part, by the composition and size of the loan portfolio which represents the largest asset type on the consolidated statement of financial condition. The allowance for loan losses consists of four elements: (1) specific reserves for individually impaired credits, (2) reserves for classified, or higher risk rated, loans, (3) reserves for non-classified loans based on historical loss factors, and (4) reserves based on general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors both internal and external the composition and concentrations of credit, new market initiatives, and the impact of competition on loan structuring and pricing. Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements describes the methodology used to determine the allowance for loan losses and a discussion of the factors driving changes in the amount of the allowance for loan losses is included in this MD&A. including changes in loan portfolio volume, to Valley, Valley considers it difficult to quantify the impact of changes in forecast on its allowance for loan losses. However, management believes the following discussion may enable investors to better understand the variables that drive the allowance for loan losses. For impaired credits, if the fair value of the loans were ten percent higher or lower, the allowance would have increased or decreased by approximately $6.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009. If classified loan balances were ten percent higher or lower, the allowance would have increased or decreased by approximately $2.8 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009. The credit rating assigned to each non-classified credit is a significant variable in determining the allowance. If each non-classified credit were rated one grade worse, the allowance would have increased by $7.7 million, while if each non-classified credit were rated one grade better there would be no change in the level of the allowance as of December 31, 2009. Additionally, if the historical loss factors used to calculate the reserve for non-classified loans were ten percent higher or lower, the allowance would have increased or decreased by $6.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009. A key variable in determining the allowance is management’s judgment in determining the size of the reserves based on general economic conditions and other qualitative risk factors. At December 31, 2009, these reserves were 6.1 percent of the total allowance. If the reserves were ten percent higher or lower, the allowance would have increased or decreased by $633 thousand, respectively, at December 31, 2009. Security Valuations and Impairments. Management utilizes various inputs to determine the fair value of its investment portfolio. To the extent they exist, unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets (level 1) or quoted prices on similar assets (level 2) are utilized to determine the fair value of each investment in the portfolio. In the absence of quoted prices and illiquid markets, valuation techniques would be used to determine fair value of any investments that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (level 3). Valuation techniques are based on various assumptions, including, but not limited to cash flows, discount rates, rate of return, adjustments for nonperformance and liquidity, and liquidation values. A significant degree of judgment is involved in valuing investments using level 3 inputs. The use of different assumptions could have a positive or negative effect on consolidated financial condition or results of operations. See Note 3 for more details on our security valuation techniques. Management must periodically evaluate if unrealized losses (as determined based on the securities valuation methodologies discussed above) on individual securities classified as held to maturity or available for sale in the investment portfolio are considered to be other-than-temporary. The analysis of other-than-temporary impairment 29 requires the use of various assumptions, including, but not limited to, the length of time an investment’s book value is greater than fair value, the severity of the investment’s decline, any credit deterioration of the investment, whether management intends to sell the security, and whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis. As a result of our adoption of new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities” on January 1, 2009, debt investment securities deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired are written down by the impairment related to the estimated credit loss and the non-credit related impairment is recognized in other comprehensive income. Prior to the adoption of the new authoritative guidance and unchanged for equity securities, if the decline in value of an investment was deemed to be other-than-temporary, the investment was written down to fair value and a non-cash impairment charge was recognized in the period of such evaluation. We recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges on securities of $6.4 million, $84.8 million, and $17.9 million in 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively, within the net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings category of the other-than-temporary total non-interest impairment charges relate mainly to estimated credit losses on private label mortgage-backed securities while the other-than-temporary impairment charges recognized in 2008 and 2007 primarily relate to perpetual preferred securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. See the “Investment Securities” section below and Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements for additional analysis of our other-than-temporary charges. income on the consolidated statements of income. For 2009, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. We record all assets, liabilities, and non-controlling interests in the acquiree in purchase acquisitions, including goodwill and other intangible assets, at fair value as of the acquisition date, and expense all acquisition related costs as incurred as required by ASC Topic 805, “Business Combination.” Goodwill totaling $296.4 million at December 31, 2009 is not amortized but is subject to annual tests for impairment or more often if events or circumstances indicate it may be impaired. Other intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives and are subject to impairment tests if events or circumstances indicate a possible inability to realize the carrying amount. The initial recording of goodwill and other intangible assets requires subjective judgments concerning estimates of the fair value of the acquired assets. The goodwill impairment test is performed in two phases. The first step compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an additional procedure must be performed. That additional procedure compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. An impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. Other intangible assets totaling $24.3 million at December 31, 2009 are evaluated for impairment if events and circumstances indicate a possible impairment. Such evaluation of other intangible assets is based on undiscounted cash flow projections. Fair value may be determined using: market prices, comparison to similar assets, market multiples, discounted cash flow analysis and other determinants. Estimated cash flows may extend far into the future and, by their nature, are difficult to determine over an extended timeframe. Factors that may significantly affect the estimates include, among others, competitive forces, customer behaviors and attrition, changes in revenue growth trends, cost structures and technology, and changes in discount rates, terminal values, and specific industry or market sector conditions. Other key judgments in accounting for intangibles include useful life and classification between goodwill and other intangible assets which require amortization. See Note 9 to consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding goodwill and other intangible assets. To assist in assessing the impact of potential goodwill or other intangible asset impairment charges at December 31, 2009, the impact of a five percent impairment charge would result in a reduction in pre-tax income of approximately $16.0 million. During the fourth quarter of 2007, Valley recognized a $2.3 million goodwill 30 impairment charge due to its decision to sell its broker-dealer subsidiary (See discussion at Note 9). No impairment was recognized on goodwill or other intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Income Taxes. The objectives of accounting for income taxes are to recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Judgment is required in assessing the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Fluctuations in the actual outcome of these future tax consequences could impact our consolidated financial condition or results of operations. In connection with determining our income tax provision, we maintain a reserve related to certain tax positions and strategies that management believes contain an element of uncertainty. Periodically, we evaluate each of our tax positions and strategies to determine whether the reserve continues to be appropriate. Notes 1 and 14 to the consolidated financial statements and the “Income Taxes” section below include additional discussion on the accounting for income taxes. New Authoritative Accounting Guidance. On July 1, 2009, the ASC became the FASB’s officially recognized source of authoritative U.S. GAAP applicable to all public and non-public non-governmental entities, superseding all existing FASB, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”), Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) and related literature. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative guidance for SEC registrants. All other accounting literature is considered non-authoritative. The issuance of the ASC affects the way companies refer to U.S. GAAP in financial statements and other disclosures. See Note 1 of the consolidated financial statements for a description of recent accounting pronouncements including the dates of adoption and the effect on the results of operations and financial condition. Executive Summary Net income for the year ended December 31, 2009 was $116.1 million compared to $93.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase was largely due to (i) a $28.5 million increase in net interest income resulting from higher average interest earning assets and a decline in our cost of funds, (ii) a $78.5 million decrease in net impairment losses on securities mainly due to other-than-temporary impairment charges in 2008 relating to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac perpetual preferred securities resulting from the government’s decision to place these issuers into conservatorship, and (iii) a $7.7 million increase in net gains on sales of loans, partially offset by (iv) a $19.7 million increase in the provision for credit losses due to higher net charge-offs and non-performing loans caused by deterioration in economic conditions, (v) a $18.1 million increase in the FDIC insurance assessment due to a $6.5 million one-time special assessment in the second quarter of 2009, depletion of our prior period credit, higher normal assessment rates in 2009 and our election to participate in the FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program in the fourth quarter of 2008, (vi) a $13.6 million increase in net trading losses mainly due to non-cash mark to market losses on our junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value during 2009, and (vii) higher federal and state income tax expense. Diluted earnings per common share was $0.67 for the year ended December 31, 2009, unchanged as compared to the same period of 2008. However, accrued preferred stock dividends and accretion of the discount on our senior preferred stock reduced net income available to common stockholders and diluted earnings per common share by $19.5 million ($0.14 per common share) and $2.1 million ($0.02 per common share) for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. All common share data is adjusted to reflect a five percent common stock dividend issued on May 22, 2009. Our commercial real estate loans grew by $176.3 million, or 5.3 percent during 2009 mainly due to our ability to find new quality lending opportunities made available by the tight credit markets, as well as some increased demand from existing customers in the fourth quarter of 2009. The majority of the other loan 31 categories experienced year over year declines contributing to a $773.6 million, or 7.6 percent decrease in our total loan portfolio during the year ended December 31, 2009. The majority of the decrease was due to declines in our automobile and residential mortgage loan portfolios caused by several factors, including our high credit standards and lower consumer demand resulting from the economic recession. Additionally, we elected to sell or hold for sale approximately $380 million in residential mortgage loan originations with low fixed interest rates during 2009. We may experience further declines in the loan portfolio during 2010 due to a slow economic recovery cycle or we maintain certain asset/liability management strategies, including the sale of new residential mortgage loan originations. See more details in the “Loan Portfolio” section below. loans increased $58.9 million to $92.0 million, or 0.98 percent of total Mindful of the poor operating environment and the higher delinquency rates reported throughout the banking industry, we believe our loan portfolio’s performance remained at an acceptable level as of December 31, 2009. Total loans past due in excess of 30 days increased 0.55 percent to 1.61 percent of our total loan portfolio of $9.4 billion as of December 31, 2009 compared to 1.06 percent of total loans at December 31, loans at 2008. Our non-accrual December 31, 2009 as compared to $33.1 million, or 0.33 percent of total loans at December 31, 2008. The increased amount of non-accrual loans was mainly due to the economic recession. Although the timing of collection is uncertain, we believe most of our non-accrual loans are well secured and, ultimately, collectible. Our lending strategy is based on underwriting standards designed to maintain high credit quality; however, due to the potential for future credit deterioration caused by a prolonged economic downturn, management cannot provide assurance that our loan portfolio will not continue to decline from the levels reported as of December 31, 2009. See “Non-performing Assets” section below for further analysis of our credit quality. Lack of loan growth and the low level of interest rates has proved challenging, from an asset and liability management perspective, for Valley and many other financial institutions during 2009. However, net interest income, the primary driver of our earnings, grew to $449.3 million, a 6.8 percent increase from the prior year. Much of the increase came from the solid foundation set by organic loan growth in 2008, a full year of interest earnings on loans acquired in the Greater Community Bancorp (“Greater Community”) merger during in the third quarter of 2008, and a 78 basis point decline in our costs of interest bearing deposits caused, in part, by the Federal Reserve’s efforts to maintain the low level of interest rates in 2009. Our net interest margin and net interest income continued to increase during each of the first three quarters of 2009 primarily due to repricing of time deposits at lower rates. However, our net interest margin began to show signs of interest rate pressures during the fourth quarter of 2009 as it declined 14 basis points to 3.47 percent (on a fully tax equivalent basis) from the third quarter of 2009, and net interest income declined $3.4 million (on a fully tax equivalent basis) during the same period. The declines were mainly due to our continued short-term positioning of the balance sheet to benefit from a potential future rise in interest rates, while attempting to mitigate the levels of credit and capital losses that could result from such an increase in interest rates. See more details in the “Net Interest Income” section below. Our non-interest income was positively impacted by a $78.5 million decrease in net impairment losses on securities, which totaled only $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to $84.8 million for the same period of 2008. The decrease was mainly due to other-than-temporary impairment charges of $69.8 million on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac perpetual preferred stocks whose market values drastically declined subsequent to the U.S. Government’s decision to place these companies into conservatorship and suspend their preferred stock dividends in the third quarter of 2008. Although our impairment charges declined substantially in 2009, our investment portfolio still contains a large amount of private label mortgage-backed securities, trust preferred securities, and other bank issued investment securities with a higher than normal risk of future impairment charges due to the current downturn in the U.S. economy and its potential negative effect on the future performance of these bank issuers and/or the underlying mortgage loan collateral. See the “Investment Securities” section below and Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements for further analysis of our investment portfolio. Our non-interest expense was negatively impacted by a $18.1 million increase in the FDIC insurance assessment during 2009. Bank failures, totaling 140 institutions in 2009, led to the depletion of the FDIC’s 32 insurance fund and resulted in a large increase in our FDIC insurance assessment expense for 2009. Additionally, the FDIC required us to prepay our quarterly assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 through 2012 during December 2009. The current economic downturn has continued to adversely influence the operating results of many financial institutions, and the FDIC has continued to report numerous additional bank failures during 2010. Notwithstanding the prepayment in 2009, the FDIC may impose additional special assessments for future quarters or may increase the FDIC standard assessments, which could adversely affect our non-interest expense in 2010 and beyond. During 2009, we continually assessed the expected impact of the recession on our operations and our ability to maintain a well-capitalized position. Based on these assessments, we incrementally repurchased all 300,000 shares of our Series A Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock from the U.S. Department of the Treasury for an aggregate purchase price of $300 million (excluding accrued and unpaid dividends paid at the date of redemption) during 2009. The repurchase eliminated the requirement to pay costly preferred dividends in the future to the U.S. Treasury and should have a positive impact on our net income available to common stockholders in future periods. While not a condition to the repurchase of our senior preferred shares, we raised net proceeds of approximately $71.6 million from an “at-the-market” common equity offering, consisting of the sale of 5.67 million shares of newly issued common stock completed in the third quarter of 2009, and net proceeds of $63.7 million through an additional registered direct offering, consisting of the sale of 5 million shares of newly issued common stock to several institutional investors in the fourth quarter of 2009. Weighing the costs, both from an earnings and public relations prospective, and restrictions that the U.S. Treasury’s TARP Capital Purchase Program had placed on our business operations, we view the equity raise as a more cost effective way to protect our stockholders’ interests in the current economic downturn. As previously noted in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” above, the global and U.S. economic downturn has resulted in uncertainty in the financial markets in general with the possibility of a slow recovery or a fall back into recession. We believe our balance sheet is well positioned to take advantage of a rise in interest rates, although an increase in interest rates may negatively impact loan demand in the housing markets and slow the speed of the U.S. economic recovery. Additionally, the financial markets are in the midst of unprecedented change due to the economic crisis, which we expect to result in regulatory and market reform that will have an impact on the way we do business in the future. However, we believe our current capital position and conservative balance sheet will afford us the chance to move quickly on market expansion opportunities as they may arise, through possible acquisitions of failed banks or other institutions within New Jersey and the New York City Metropolitan area, at a time when many of our competitors are focused on correcting problems created from their past lending practices. Net Interest Income Net interest income consists of interest income and dividends earned on interest earning assets less interest expense paid on interest bearing liabilities and represents the main source of income for Valley. The net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis is calculated by dividing tax equivalent net interest income by average interest earning assets and is a key measurement used in the banking industry to measure income from interest earning assets. The net interest margin was 3.49 percent for the year ended December 31, 2009, an increase of 5 basis points compared to the same period of 2008. For 2009, our continuous efforts to control our funding costs coupled with a low interest rate environment allowed us to decrease the interest rates paid on savings, NOW, and money market accounts, while maturing high cost certificates of deposit also repriced at lower interest rates. Additionally, $300 million in higher cost short-term FHLB advances (that were part of our short-term liquidity strategies deployed in the fourth quarter of 2008 due to the illiquid credit markets) matured in the first half of 2009 and partly contributed to a $6.1 million decline in our interest expense on short-term borrowings as compared to 2008. Higher average earning asset balances driven by mainly prior year loan growth, including loans acquired from Greater Community in the third quarter of 2008, and investment purchases in 2009, also 33 contributed to our net interest margin expansion, despite the negative impact of a 43 basis point decline in the yield on average earning assets. Both the declines in cost and yield resulted mainly from the Federal Reserve’s efforts to maintain a low level of interest rates in 2009 which began with their cut of the target federal funds rate to a historical low rate range of between zero to 0.25 percent during the fourth quarter of 2008. However, our fourth quarter net interest income and net interest margin declined significantly from the third quarter of 2009 as we actively worked to shorten the duration of interest earning assets and attempted to reduce the credit risk of our balance sheet by (i) reinvesting normal principal paydowns on higher yield investments in shorter term and lower yielding securities, including U.S. Treasury securities and residential mortgage-backed securities issued by Ginnie Mae and (ii) continued to sell most refinanced and new residential mortgage loan originations with low fixed interest rates in the secondary market. Management expects the short-term positioning of our balance sheet to enhance our ability to benefit from the economic recovery and a potential increase in future interest rates. However, management cannot guarantee that its asset/liability management strategies will prevent future declines in the net interest margin or net interest income, even if an economy recovery or a rise in interest rates were to occur. Net interest income on a tax equivalent basis increased $28.2 million to $454.5 million for 2009 compared with $426.3 million for 2008. During 2009, a 50 basis point decline in interest rates paid on average interest bearing liabilities and higher average interest earning assets positively impacted our net interest income, but were partially offset by a 32 basis point decline in the yield on average loans, a 46 basis point decline in the yield on average investments, and higher average interest bearing liabilities as compared to 2008. Market interest rates on interest bearing deposits were lower in 2009 as the average target federal funds rate decreased approximately 208 basis points as compared to 2008. Most of the decline in short-term interest rates came in the fourth quarter of 2008 due to the Federal Reserve actions previously noted, and had a positive impact on our cost of funds and net interest margin in 2009 as our higher cost time deposits matured or, if renewed, repriced at lower interest rates. Our earning asset portfolio is comprised of both fixed rate and adjustable rate loans and investments. Many of our earning assets are priced based upon the prevailing treasury rates, the Valley prime rate (set by Valley management based on various internal and external factors) or on the U.S. prime interest rate as published in The Wall Street Journal. Valley’s prime rate and the New York prime rate remained at 4.50 percent and 3.25 percent, respectively, since the fourth quarter of 2008, however, the average of each rate for the year ended December 31, 2009 declined 76 basis points and 183 basis points, respectively, as compared to the same period of 2008 negatively impacting our interest income on loans and net interest margin. On average, the 10 year treasury rate decreased from 3.64 percent in 2008 to 3.24 percent in 2009 also negatively impacting our yield on average loans as new and renewed fixed rate loans were originated at lower interest rates in 2009. Our New York prime rate based loan portfolio should have an immediate positive impact on the yield of our average earning assets if the prime rate begins to move upward in 2010, while an increase in treasury rates should also have a positive, but more gradual, effect on our interest income based on our ability to originate new and renewed fixed rate loans. We do not expect our Valley prime rate portfolio to have an immediate benefit to our interest income in a rising interest rate environment due to its current level above the New York prime rate. We also expect interest income on many of our residential mortgage-backed securities with unamortized purchase premiums to improve if interest rates were to move upward and prepayment speeds on the underlying mortgages decline. The decline in prepayments will lengthen the expected life of each security and reduce the amount of premium amortization expense recognized against interest income each period. Average loans totaling $9.7 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009 increased $318.9 million as compared to the same period for 2008 mainly due to higher loan balances in the 2009 period related to solid organic loan growth in the second half of 2008 and loans acquired in the Greater Community merger on July 1, 2008. Average investment securities increased $158.4 million, or 5.6 percent in 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Despite the higher average loan balances during 2009, interest income on a tax equivalent basis for loans decreased $11.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared with the same period in 2008 due to a 32 basis point decrease in the yield on average loans. Interest income on a tax equivalent basis for investment securities also decreased $4.8 million due to a 46 basis point decline in yield 34 caused by normal principal paydowns of higher yield securities which were mainly reinvested in shorter term and lower yield securities as we reduced our repricing risk and positioned the balance sheet to be more asset sensitive in the current low interest rate environment. The decline in yield on investment securities was partially mitigated by the increase in average investment securities during 2009 as we reallocated some of our excess liquidity from loan principal paydowns and growth in deposits to investment securities. A 93 basis point decline in the yield on average federal funds sold and other interest bearing deposits, partially offset by a $170.0 million increase in average balances within the category, resulted in a decrease of $1.2 million in interest income on such investments in 2009 compared to the same twelve month period in 2008. Average interest bearing liabilities increased $230 million to $10.6 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009 from the same period in 2008 mainly due to additional deposits generated from 17 de novo branches opened over the last 24 month period and our other existing branches (assisted by the nominal level of long-term interest rates on other investment alternatives available to customers during 2009) and deposits assumed from Greater Community in the latter half of 2008, partially offset by the maturity of $300 million in short-term FHLB advances during the first and second quarters of 2009. The cost of savings, NOW, and money market accounts, time deposits, and short-term borrowings decreased 65, 88, and 34 basis points, respectively, during 2009 due to a sharp decline in short-term interest rates since the fourth quarter of 2008, while the cost of long-term borrowing increased by 7 basis points during the 2009 period. Average savings, NOW, and money market deposits increased $300.1 million as compared to 2008 due to several factors, including new deposits from de novo branches, deposits assumed in the 2008 acquisition, some migration of customer repo balances caused by our decision to reduce collateral positions to support the repo product during the first quarter of 2009, as well as potential general increases from a higher U.S. household savings rate in 2009 caused by the economic downturn. Average time deposits increased $154.7 million mainly due to deposit initiatives during the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, as well as time deposits assumed in the Greater Community merger during 2008. Although average time deposits increased from 2008 due to the aforementioned factors, the actual time deposits balance at December 31, 2009 declined almost 15 percent as compared to December 31, 2008 as we have not actively pursued the retention of higher cost interest bearing deposits since the first quarter of 2009 due to lower loan volumes and the level of interest rates available to us on other investment alternatives for such funds. We anticipate that maturing time deposits will continue to have some benefit to our interest margin in the first quarter of 2010. Average long-term borrowings (including junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts) increased $60.0 million from 2008 due to new long-term positions in FHLB advances mainly entered into during the second quarter of 2008 that remained outstanding during 2009, as well as approximately $25 million in junior subordinated debentures assumed from Greater Community in 2008. Average short-term borrowings decreased $284.7 million mainly due to the maturity of $300 million in short-term FHLB advances in the first half of 2009 and lower customer repo balances during 2009 as the low level of interest rates reduced customers’ incentive to overnight sweep their demand deposit balance and we reduced our support of the product. The net interest margin on a tax equivalent basis was 3.49 percent for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared with 3.44 percent for the year ended December 31, 2008. The change was mainly attributable to a decrease in interest rates paid on all interest bearing liabilities and higher average loan balances, partially offset by a lower yield on average loans and higher average interest bearing liabilities. Average interest rates earned on interest earning assets decreased 43 basis points while average interest rates paid on interest bearing liabilities decreased 50 basis points causing a 5 basis point increase in the net interest margin for Valley as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. During the fourth quarter of 2009, net interest income on a tax equivalent basis decreased $3.4 million and the net interest margin declined 14 basis points when compared with the third quarter of 2009. The linked quarter decreases were partly due to a $3.4 million decline in interest income on investments, on a tax equivalent basis. The decline in interest on investments was primarily caused by normal principal paydowns of higher yield securities over the last six months of 2009 replaced by purchases of shorter term and lower yielding securities, including U.S. Treasury securities and residential mortgage-backed securities issued by Ginnie Mae. Interest income on loans, on a tax equivalent basis, also declined $3.0 million for the fourth quarter of 2009 due to a 35 $117.1 million decline in average loans and a 5 basis point decrease in the yield on average loans. The declines were due, in part, to mortgage refinancing activity at lower rates and management’s decision to sell most of its refinanced and new mortgage loan originations in the secondary market. The yield on average loans was also negatively impacted by the reversal of interest income on $18.0 million in loans classified as non-accrual during the fourth quarter of 2009. The negative impact of these items on our net interest income was partially offset by a $2.8 million decrease in interest expense mainly caused by maturing high cost time deposits during the fourth quarter of 2009. The low level of interest rates combined with the continued short-term positioning of interest earning assets is expected to put pressure on our net interest margin results during 2010. To mitigate these factors, management may deploy several asset/liability management strategies, including a reduction in the sales of mortgage loan originations, a tiered duration investment strategy to enhance the yield of our investment portfolio, or an increase the competitive pricing of certain targeted loan products without compromising our high underwriting standards. A continued decline in the average rate of our time deposits due to the maturity of higher rate certificates of deposit is also expected to have a positive impact on our net interest margin. 36 The following table reflects the components of net interest income for each of the three years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007: ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND NET INTEREST INCOME ON A TAX EQUIVALENT BASIS 2009 2008 2007 Average Balance Interest Average Rate Average Balance Interest Average Rate Average Balance Interest Average Rate ($ in thousands) Assets Interest earning assets: Loans (1)(2) Taxable investments (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax-exempt investments (1)(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal funds sold and other interest bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,705,909 $561,265 140,305 14,896 2,700,744 272,520 5.78% $ 9,386,987 $572,944 144,497 2,561,299 5.20 15,522 253,560 5.47 6.10% $ 8,261,111 $560,180 142,971 2,576,336 5.64 17,335 269,631 6.12 6.78% 5.55 6.43 deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352,473 945 Total interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,031,646 717,411 0.27 5.51 182,779 2,190 12,384,625 735,153 1.20 5.94 205,175 10,702 11,312,253 731,188 5.22 6.46 Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized losses on securities available for sale, (99,716) 249,877 1,113,420 net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (17,270) (80,436) 228,216 988,040 (31,982) (73,546) 209,939 868,575 (12,407) Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $14,277,957 $13,488,463 $12,304,814 Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity Interest bearing liabilities: Savings, NOW and money market deposits . . . . . . $ 3,836,709 $ 24,894 93,403 Time deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,325,800 0.65% $ 3,536,655 $ 45,961 117,152 3,171,057 2.81 1.30% $ 3,474,558 $ 75,695 134,674 2,954,930 3.69 2.18% 4.56 Total interest bearing deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term borrowings (4) 7,162,509 270,776 3,152,515 118,297 4,026 140,547 Total interest bearing liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,585,800 262,870 1.65 1.49 4.46 2.48 6,707,712 555,524 3,092,524 163,113 10,163 135,619 10,355,760 308,895 2.43 1.83 4.39 2.98 6,429,488 430,580 2,493,228 210,369 17,645 115,308 9,353,296 343,322 3.27 4.10 4.62 3.67 Non-interest bearing deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders' equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,251,784 97,583 1,342,790 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity . . . . . . $14,277,957 1,981,744 79,601 1,071,358 $13,488,463 1,923,785 95,096 932,637 $12,304,814 Net interest income/interest rate spread (5) . . . . . . 454,541 3.03% 426,258 2.96% 387,866 2.79% Tax equivalent adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income, as reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5,227) $449,314 (5,459) $420,799 (6,181) $381,685 Net interest margin (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax equivalent effect Net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.45% 0.04 3.49% 3.40% 0.04 3.44% 3.37% 0.06 3.43% Interest income is presented on a tax equivalent basis using a 35 percent federal tax rate. (1) (2) Loans are stated net of unearned income and include non-accrual loans. (3) The yield for securities that are classified as available for sale is based on the average historical amortized cost. (4) (5) Includes junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts which are presented separately on the consolidated statements of condition. Interest rate spread represents the difference between the average yield on interest earning assets and the average cost of interest bearing liabilities and is presented on a fully tax equivalent basis. (6) Net interest income as a percentage of total average interest earning assets. 37 The following table demonstrates the relative impact on net interest income of changes in the volume of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities and changes in rates earned and paid by Valley on such assets and liabilities. Variances resulting from a combination of changes in volume and rates are allocated to the categories in proportion to the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each category. CHANGE IN NET INTEREST INCOME ON A TAX EQUIVALENT BASIS Interest income: Years Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to 2008 2008 Compared to 2007 Change Due to Volume Change Due to Rate Total Change Change Due to Volume Change Due to Rate Total Change (in thousands) Loans* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19,064 $(30,743) $(11,679) $71,944 $(59,180) $ 12,764 1,526 Taxable investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax-exempt investments* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1,813) Federal funds sold and other interest bearing (11,805) (1,736) (4,192) (626) (838) (1,006) 2,364 (807) 7,613 1,110 deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,174 (2,419) (1,245) (1,056) (7,456) (8,512) Total increase (decrease) in interest income . . . . 28,961 (46,703) (17,742) 69,044 (65,079) 3,965 Interest expense: Savings, NOW and money market deposits . . . . Time deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term borrowings and junior subordinated 3,616 5,485 (4,495) (24,683) (29,234) (1,642) (21,067) (23,749) (6,137) 1,330 9,330 4,145 (31,064) (26,852) (11,627) (29,734) (17,522) (7,482) debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,654 2,274 4,928 26,536 (6,225) 20,311 Total increase (decrease) in interest expense . . . . 7,260 (53,285) (46,025) 41,341 (75,768) (34,427) Increase in net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $21,701 $ 6,582 $ 28,283 $27,703 $ 10,689 $ 38,392 * Interest income is presented on a fully tax equivalent basis using a 35 percent federal tax rate. 38 Non-Interest Income The following table presents the components of non-interest income for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007: NON-INTEREST INCOME Trust and investment services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service charges on deposit accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on securities transactions, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading (losses) gains, net Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FHLB advances carried at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total trading (losses) gains, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fees from loan servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on sales of loans, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on sales of assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 $ 6,906 10,224 26,778 8,005 (6,352) (in thousands) $ 7,161 10,053 28,274 5,020 (84,835) $ 7,381 10,711 26,803 2,139 (17,949) 5,394 (15,828) — (10,434) 4,839 8,937 605 5,700 17,043 (10,883) 15,243 (1,194) 3,166 5,236 1,274 518 10,167 17,222 4,651 4,107 (1,359) 7,399 5,494 4,785 16,051 11,545 14,669 Total non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 72,251 $ 3,256 $ 89,028 Non-interest income represented 9.2 percent and 0.4 percent of total interest income plus non-interest income for 2009 and 2008, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2009, non-interest income increased $69.0 million, compared with the same period in 2008, mainly due to a decrease in net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings and an increase in net gains on sales of loans, partially offset by an increase in net trading losses and a decrease in BOLI income. Service charges on deposit accounts decreased $1.5 million, or 5.3 percent to $26.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the same period of 2008 mainly due to a decrease in overdraft fees and non-sufficient funds charges. The decline in these fees resulted from better account management by customers, reflective of both a higher savings rate amongst customers due, in part, to the economic recession, as well as a lack of safe higher yield investment alternatives during 2009. However, fees on checking accounts increased approximately $1.0 million as compared to 2008 due to our de novo branch expansion activity and deposit accounts assumed in the Greater Community merger during the second half of 2008. Net gains on securities transactions increased $3.0 million to $8.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $5.0 million in the same period in 2008. The majority of the net gains in 2009 were recognized during the fourth quarter as we sold certain corporate debt and residential mortgage-backed securities classified as available for sale to reduce both the overall credit and repricing risk exposures of our investment portfolio. During 2008, gains of $10.4 million were primarily due to the sales of certain residential mortgage-backed securities issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, and gains recognized on securities called before their maturity date. These gains were partially offset by $5.4 million in realized losses on the sale of certain impaired Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred securities. See the “Investment Securities” section below and Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements for further analysis of our investment portfolio. 39 Net impairment losses on securities decreased $78.5 million to $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $84.8 million for the same period in 2008. The 2009 period includes estimated credit losses on four private label mortgage-backed securities, one pooled trust preferred security, and one equity security issued by a financial institution. The other-than-temporary impairment charges incurred during 2008 were mainly due to a decline in the value of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae perpetual preferred securities, one private label mortgage-backed security, and two pooled trust preferred securities. During the fourth quarter of 2007, we recognized impairment charges of $17.9 million on the same Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac perpetual preferred securities impaired during 2008. Net trading losses increased $13.6 million to a net loss of $10.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to a net gain of $3.2 million for the same period in 2008. The increase was mainly due to a $15.8 million non-cash loss related to the change in the fair value our junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value during the 2009 period compared to $15.2 million gain recorded on the same debentures in the comparable 2008 period. The negative impact of the change in the fair value of the junior subordinated debentures from 2008 was partially offset by a $16.3 million increase in mark to market gains on our trading securities and realized gains on sales of trading securities which had a combined total net gain of $5.4 million for 2009 as compared to a net loss of $10.9 million for 2008. The 2008 period also includes a $1.2 million loss realized on one fixed FHLB advance carried at fair value, which was redeemed prior to its contractual maturity date during the second quarter of 2008. No FHLB advances were held at fair value at December 31, 2009. Net gains on sales of loans increased $7.7 million to $8.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $1.3 million for the prior year. This increase was mainly due to the gains realized on conforming residential mortgage loans originated for sale totaling approximately $380 million during 2009, as we sold most conforming refinanced and new residential mortgage loans in the secondary market due to the historical low level of current interest rates. Under U.S. GAAP, we elect to carry all of our loans held for sale at fair value. For the year ended December 31, 2009, net gains on sales of assets mainly consisted of amortization of a deferred gain on the sale of a Manhattan office building in the first quarter of 2007. Valley sold a nine-story building for approximately $37.5 million while simultaneously entering into a long-term lease for its branch office located on the first floor of the same building. The transaction resulted in a $32.3 million pre-tax gain, of which $16.4 million was immediately recognized in earnings in 2007 pursuant to the sale-leaseback accounting rules. The remaining deferred gain of $15.9 million is being amortized into earnings over the 20 year term of the lease, of which $604 thousand, $650 thousand, and $594 thousand was amortized to net gains on sales of assets during 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. BOLI income decreased $4.5 million, or 43.9 percent for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared with the same period of 2008 primarily due to severe downturn in the financial markets during 2009 and its negative impact on the performance of the underlying investment securities of the BOLI asset. BOLI income is exempt from federal and state income taxes. The BOLI asset is invested primarily in U.S Treasury securities and residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies, and the majority of the underlying portfolio is managed by one independent investment firm. 40 Non-Interest Expense The following table presents the components of non-interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007: NON-INTEREST EXPENSE Salary expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employee benefit expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net occupancy and equipment expense . . . . . . . . . . . . FDIC insurance assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and legal fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 $128,282 35,464 58,974 20,128 6,887 — 7,907 3,372 45,014 (in thousands) $126,210 31,666 54,042 1,985 7,224 — 8,241 2,697 53,183 $116,389 29,261 49,570 1,003 7,491 2,310 5,110 2,917 39,861 Total non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $306,028 $285,248 $253,912 Non-interest expense increased $20.8 million to $306.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from $285.2 million for the same period in 2008. The increase in the 2009 period was mainly due to an $18.1 million increase in the FDIC insurance assessment. Additionally, increases in salary expense, employee benefit expense, and net occupancy and equipment expense from 2008 were partially offset by a decrease in other expense during 2009. The largest component of non-interest expense is salary and employee benefit expense which totaled $163.7 million in 2009 compared with $157.9 million in 2008. The increases in most categories from 2007 and 2008 relate mainly to de novo branch expansion and the acquisition of Greater Community on July 1, 2008. See the “Results of Operation-2008 Compared to 2007” section below for more details. Over the last several years, we have maintained a branch expansion plan which focuses on expanding our presence in the New Jersey counties and towns neighboring our current office locations, as well as in New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn and Queens. We opened 7 and 10 de novo branches during 2009 and 2008, respectively. Generally, new branches add future franchise value; however, the additional operating costs and capital requirements normally have a negative impact on non-interest expense and net income for several years until the branch operations become individually profitable. Additionally, we experienced increases in most categories of non-interest expense due to our acquisition of Greater Community on July 1, 2008. The efficiency ratio measures total non-interest expense as a percentage of net interest income plus non-interest income. Our efficiency ratio for the year ended December 31, 2009 was 58.67 percent compared to 67.27 percent for the same period of 2008. The decrease in the efficiency ratio is primarily due to higher non-interest income in 2009 compared to 2008 mainly attributable to a $78.4 million decrease in other-than- temporary impairment charges on investment securities as compared to 2008, partially offset by an increase in the FDIC insurance assessment during the 2009 period. We strive to maintain a low efficiency ratio through diligent management of our operating expenses and balance sheet. However, even exclusive of the other-than- temporary impairment losses on securities, our current and past de novo branch expansion efforts may continue to negatively impact the ratio until these new branches become profitable operations. Salary and employee benefit expense increased a combined $5.9 million, or 3.7 percent for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared with the same period in 2008. The increase from 2008 was mainly due to additional operating expenses related to the acquired branches and de novo branches opened during 2008 and 2009, including increases in payroll taxes, health care insurance, and pension costs, partially offset by a decrease in stock-based incentive compensation and lower annual bonus incentive accruals. 41 Net occupancy and equipment expense increased $4.9 million, or 9.1 percent during 2009 in comparison to 2008. This increase was also largely due to our de novo branching efforts and 16 full-service branch offices acquired from Greater Community, which caused us to incur, among other things, additional rents, real estate taxes, depreciation, cleaning and maintenance, and utilities charges in connection with investments in technology and facilities. Rent, real estate taxes, depreciation, cleaning and maintenance, and utilities expenses increased by approximately $2.7 million, $857 thousand, $671 thousand, $618 thousand, and $401 thousand, respectively, during 2009 compared with the prior year. The FDIC insurance assessment increased $18.1 million to $20.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $2.0 million for the same period in 2008 mainly due to the depletion of our prior period FDIC acquisition credits during the first quarter of 2009, higher normal assessment rates and our election to participate in the FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program starting in the latter half of the fourth quarter of 2008. Additionally, the 2009 period includes a $6.5 million special assessment which was imposed on all depository institutions (equal to 5 basis points of total assets minus tier 1 capital as on June 30, 2009) due to depletion of the Federal Deposit Insurance Fund. Other non-interest expense decreased $8.2 million, or 15.4 percent for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared with the same period in 2008 mostly due to (i) a $4.6 million loss recorded on the discovery of a check fraud scheme perpetrated by a long-time commercial customer of Valley National Bank in the fourth quarter of 2008, (ii) a $3.1 million expense which was accelerated from future periods during the fourth quarter of 2008 due to a hedging relationship terminated in November 2008 for two interest rate cap hedging relationships based on the effective federal funds rate, and (iii) a $1.2 million prepayment penalty on $25.0 million in Federal Home Loan Bank advances redeemed in the third quarter of 2008. Partially offsetting the decreases above, other real estate owned expense increased $1.0 million during 2009 due to a $1.4 million writedown of the carrying value of a repossessed aircraft at December 31, 2009. Significant components of other non-interest expense include data processing, telephone, service fees, debit card fees, postage, stationery, insurance, and title search fees. Income Taxes Income tax expense was $51.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, reflecting an effective tax rate of 30.7 percent, compared with $16.9 million for the same period of 2008, reflecting an effective tax rate of 15.3 percent. The increase was due to several factors, including the lower level of 2008 pre-tax income and a $6.5 million reduction in Valley’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance in 2008. Additionally, the effective tax rate in 2009 was negatively impacted by lower tax advantaged income and higher state and local tax expense. Management expects that our adherence to the income tax guidelines under U.S. GAAP will continue to result in increased volatility in our future quarterly and annual effective income tax rates because U.S. GAAP requires that any change in judgment or change in measurement of a tax position taken in a prior annual period be recognized as a discrete event in the period in which it occurs. Factors that could impact management’s judgment include changes in income, tax laws and regulations, and tax planning strategies. For 2010, we anticipate that our effective tax rate will approximate 31 percent. Business Segments We have four business segments that we monitor and report on to manage our business operations. These segments are consumer lending, commercial investment management, and corporate and other adjustments. Lines of business and actual structure of operations determine each segment. Each is reviewed routinely for its asset growth, contribution to income before income taxes and return on average interest earning assets and impairment (if events or circumstances indicate a possible inability to realize the carrying amount). Expenses related to the branch network, all other components of retail banking, along with the back office departments of our subsidiary bank are allocated from the corporate and other adjustments segment to each of the other three business segments. Interest expense and internal transfer expense (for general corporate expenses) are lending, 42 allocated to each business segment utilizing a “pool funding” methodology, whereas each segment is allocated a uniform funding cost based on each segments’ average earning assets outstanding for the period. The Wealth Management Division, comprised of trust, asset management, insurance services, and broker-dealer (our broker- dealer subsidiary was sold on March 31, 2008) is included in the consumer lending segment. The financial reporting for each segment contains allocations and reporting in line with our operations, which may not necessarily be comparable to any other financial institution. The accounting for each segment includes internal accounting policies designed to measure consistent and reasonable financial reporting, and may not necessarily conform to U.S. GAAP. Consumer lending. The consumer lending segment is mainly comprised of residential mortgages, home equity loans and automobile loans. The duration of the loan portfolio is subject to movements in the market level of interest rates and forecasted residential mortgage prepayment speeds. The average weighted life of the automobile loans within the portfolio is relatively unaffected by movements in the market level of interest rates. However, the average life may be impacted by the availability of credit within the automobile marketplace. Average assets for 2009 decreased year over year by $437.8 million to $3.8 billion, as U.S. auto sales remain at low levels and the bank continues to sell a large portion of newly booked residential mortgages into the secondary market. Income before income taxes decreased $7.0 million to $65.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared with the same period in 2008. The return on average interest earning assets before income taxes remained relatively flat at 1.72 percent compared with 1.71 percent for the comparable 2008 period. The lack of change was a result of proportional decreases in average assets and income before taxes. The net interest spread increased by 18 basis points to 3.77 percent as a result of a sharper decline in the bank’s cost of funds when compared to the yield on consumer lending average earning assets. Net interest income decreased $8.6 million to $142.5 million when compared to $151.1 million for the same period last year. Non-interest income increased year over year by $9 million, and increased as a percentage of average assets by 35 basis points, mainly due to the increased gains on the sale of residential mortgage loans sold into the secondary market. The provision for loan losses increased in 2009 by approximately $6 million to $21 million when compared to 2008 mainly due to higher charge-offs and delinquencies for both residential mortgage and automobile loans. Commercial lending. The commercial lending segment is mainly comprised of floating rate and adjustable rate commercial and industrial loans, as well as fixed rate owner occupied and commercial real estate loans. Due to the portfolio’s interest rate characteristics, commercial lending is Valley’s most sensitive business segment to movements in market interest rates. For the year ended December 31, 2009, income before income taxes decreased $3.8 million to $81.5 million compared with the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to an increase in the provision for credit losses of $18.8 million which mitigated an increase in the segment’s net interest spread of 12 basis points. The higher provision for credit losses is mainly attributable to the deterioration of economic conditions which began in the latter half of 2008. Commercial and industrial loan charge-offs increased $10.2 million from 2008 reflecting a higher level of partial loan charge-offs related to collateral dependent impaired loans and one fraud loan charge-off totaling $3.8 million. Construction loan charge-offs increased $1.2 million and commercial real estate loan charge-offs increased $2.6 million. In addition, the provision for credit losses includes an increase in the specific allocation for impaired loans. The return on average interest earning assets before income taxes was 1.37 percent compared with 1.65 percent for the prior year period. The increase in net interest income was primarily due to an increase in average interest earning assets by $756.8 thousand to $5.9 billion while the yield on average loans fell by 35 basis points to 5.74 percent as loans continued to reprice at the lower level of current interest rates. The decrease in the interest yield was offset by a greater decrease in the costs associated with our funding sources which lead to a gain in the margin of 12 basis points. Investment management. The investment management segment is mainly comprised of fixed rate investments, trading securities, and depending on our liquid cash position, federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks (primarily the Federal Reserve Bank of New York). The fixed rate investments are one of 43 Valley’s least sensitive assets to changes in market interest rates. However, as we continue to shift the composition of the investment portfolio to shorter-duration securities, the sensitivity to market interest rates will increase. Net gains and losses due to the change in fair value of trading securities and net impairment losses on securities are reflected in the corporate and other adjustments segment. For the year ended December 31, 2009, income before income taxes decreased $13.8 million to $55.4 million compared with the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to a 77 basis point decrease in the yield on average investments. The decline in investment yields is mainly attributable to the current interest environment, coupled with management’s desire to reduce the duration of the portfolio while simultaneously reducing the regulatory capital required for the portfolio. As a result of the new directive, coupled with the current interest rate environment, investments purchased in 2009 were typically lower yielding than investments held or purchased in 2008. The return on average interest earning assets before income taxes decreased to 1.67 percent compared with 2.31 percent for the prior year period. Average investments increased $328.1 million to $3.3 billion in 2009, mainly a result of increased liquidity. Corporate segment. The corporate and other adjustments segment represents income and expense items not directly attributable to a specific segment, including trading and securities gains (losses), and net impairment losses on securities not reported in the investment management segment above, interest expense related to the junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts, the change in fair value of Valley’s junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value, interest expense related to $100 million in subordinated notes issued in July 2005, as well as income and expense from derivative financial instruments. The loss before income taxes for the corporate segment was $34.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared with a $116.0 million loss for the year ended December 31, 2008. Net impairment losses on securities decreased $78.5 million to $6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $84.8 million for the same period in 2008, which accounted for the majority of the decline in loss before income taxes. Partially mitigating the change in impairment losses on securities was an increase in FDIC insurance assessment of $18.1 million from 2008. The FDIC insurance assessment includes a $6.5 million special assessment which was imposed on all depository institutions (equal to 5 basis points of total assets minus tier 1 capital as on June 30, 2009) due to depletion of the Federal Deposit Insurance Fund. In addition, the assessment includes the expense associated with the Bank’s participation in the FDIC’s Transaction Guarantee Program and an increase in the normal assessment rate as compared to 2008. ASSET/LIABILITY MANAGEMENT Interest Rate Sensitivity Our success is largely dependent upon our ability to manage interest rate risk. Interest rate risk can be defined as the exposure of our interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities to the movement in interest rates. Our Asset/Liability Management Committee is responsible for managing such risks and establishing policies that monitor and coordinate our sources, uses and pricing of funds. Asset/Liability management is a continuous process due to the constant change in interest rate risk factors. In assessing the appropriate interest rate risk levels for us, management weighs the potential benefit of each risk management activity within the desired parameters of liquidity, capital levels and management’s tolerance for exposure to income fluctuations. Many of the actions undertaken by management utilize fair value analysis and attempts to achieve consistent accounting and economic benefits for financial assets and their related funding sources. We have predominately focused on managing our interest rate risk by attempting to match the inherent risk of financial assets and liabilities. Specifically, management employs multiple risk management activities such as the sale of lower yielding new residential mortgage originations, change in product pricing levels, change in desired maturity levels for new originations, change in balance sheet composition levels as well as several other risk management activities. 44 We use a simulation model to analyze net interest income sensitivity to movements in interest rates. The simulation model projects net interest income based on various interest rate scenarios over a twelve and twenty- four month period. The model is based on the actual maturity and re-pricing characteristics of rate sensitive assets and liabilities. The model incorporates certain assumptions which management believes to be reasonable regarding the impact of changing interest rates, prepayment assumptions, and pricing sensitivity of certain assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2009. The model assumes changes in interest rates without any proactive change in the composition or size of the balance sheet by management. In the model, the forecasted shape of the yield curve remains static as of December 31, 2009. The impact of interest rate derivatives, such as interest rate swaps and caps, is also included in the model. Our simulation model is based on market interest rates and prepayment speeds prevalent in the market as of December 31, 2009. Although the size of Valley’s balance sheet is forecasted to remain constant as of December 31, 2009 in our model, the composition is adjusted to reflect new interest earning assets and interest bearing liability originations and rate spreads utilizing our actual originations during the fourth quarter of 2009. The model utilizes an immediate parallel shift in the market interest rates at December 31, 2009. The following table reflects management’s expectations of the change in our net interest income over a one-year period in light of the aforementioned assumptions: Immediate Changes in Levels of Interest Rates +3.00% +2.00 +1.00 (1.00) Change in Net Interest Income Over One Year Horizon At December 31, 2009 Dollar Change Percentage Change ($ in thousands) $11,617 12,323 1,354 (19,776) 2.46% 2.61 0.29 (4.19) Overall, our net interest income is affected by changes in interest rates and cash flows from our loan and investment portfolios. We actively manage these cash flows in conjunction with our liability mix, duration and rates to optimize the net interest income, while prudently structuring the balance sheet to manage changes in interest rates. Additionally, our net income is impacted by the level of competition within our marketplace. Competition can increase the cost of deposits and negatively impact the level of interest rates attainable on loans, which may result in downward pressure on our net interest margin in future periods. interest Convexity is a measure of how the duration of a financial instrument changes as market interest rates change. Potential movements in the convexity of bonds held in our investment portfolio, as well as the duration of the loan portfolio may have a positive or negative impact to our net interest income in varying interest rate environments. As a result, the increase or decrease in forecasted net interest income may not have a linear relationship to the results reflected in the table above. Management cannot provide any assurance about the actual effect of changes in interest rates on our net interest income. As noted in the table above, we are more susceptible to a decrease in interest rates under a scenario with an immediate parallel change in the level of market interest rates than an increase in interest rates under the same assumptions. However, we believe that a 100 basis point decrease in interest rates as of December 31, 2009 is unlikely given current interest rate levels. A 100 basis point immediate increase in interest is projected to increase net interest income over the next twelve months by only 0.29 percent. The lack of balance sheet sensitivity to such a move in interest rates, is due, in part, to the fact that many of our adjustable rate loans are tied to the Valley prime rate (set by management) which currently exceeds the New York prime rate by 125 basis points. Additional information regarding our use of these prime rates is located under the “Net Interest Income” section above. Other factors, including, but not limited to, the slope of the yield curve and projected cash flows will impact our net interest income results and may increase or decrease the level of asset sensitivity of our balance sheet. 45 Although, we do not expect our Valley prime rate loan portfolio to have an immediate benefit to our interest income in a rising interest rate environment, we’ve positioned a large portion of our investment portfolio in short-term securities and residential mortgage-backed securities that will allow us to benefit from a potential rise in interest rates. Specifically, we expect interest income on many of our residential mortgage-backed securities with unamortized purchase premiums to improve if interest rates were to move upward and prepayment speeds on the underlying mortgages decline. The decline in prepayments will lengthen the expected life of each security and reduce the amount of premium amortization expense recognized against interest income each period. Additionally, we have cash flow interest rate caps with a $200 million notional value, which protect us from upward increases in interest rates on certain deposits and short-term borrowings. All of these actions have expanded the expected net interest income benefits in rising interest rate environments. Our interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedging relationships, which are the majority of the derivative financial instruments entered into by Valley, are designed to protect us from upward movements in interest rates on certain deposits and short-term borrowings based on the prime and effective federal funds rates. Due to the current low level of interest rates and the strike rate of these instruments, they are expected to have little impact over the next twelve month period on our net interest income under the scenarios outlined above. As of December 31, 2009, the effect of a 300 basis point increase in interest rates on our derivative holdings would result in an annual $880 thousand positive variance in net interest income. The effect of a 100 basis point decrease in interest rates on our derivative holdings would result in an annual $499 thousand negative variance in net interest income. See Note 15—Commitments and Contingencies for further information on our derivative transactions. 46 The following table sets forth the amounts of interest earning assets and bearing liabilities, outstanding on December 31, 2009 and their associated fair values. The expected cash flows are categorized based on each financial instruments anticipated maturity or interest rate reset date. The amount of assets and liabilities shown, which reprice or mature during a particular period, were determined based on the earlier of the term to repricing or the term to repayment, inclusive of the impact of market level prepayment speeds. INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS Rate 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Thereafter Total Balance Fair Value ($ in thousands) Interest sensitive assets: Interest bearing deposits with banks . . . . . . . . . 0.25% $ 355,659 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 355,659 $ 355,659 Investment securities held to maturity . . . . . 3.84 550,296 205,120 182,610 99,293 87,124 459,945 1,584,388 1,548,006 Investment securities available for sale . . . . 4.69 Trading securities . . . . . 7.79 Loans held for sale . . . . 4.67 Loans: 286,127 — 25,492 Commercial . . . . . . 5.44 Mortgage . . . . . . . . 5.80 . . . . . . . 5.51 Consumer 1,272,927 1,803,514 995,805 Total interest sensitive 325,691 — — 214,935 876,159 331,652 224,544 — — 151,033 738,641 184,482 85,211 — — 78,110 — — 352,798 32,950 — 1,352,481 32,950 25,492 1,352,481 32,950 25,492 76,506 29,402 696,444 652,623 33,187 89,244 56,448 1,116,333 50,736 1,801,251 5,883,714 1,685,106 1,777,543 5,762,203 1,795,737 assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.20% $5,289,820 $1,953,557 $1,481,310 $1,046,698 $880,446 $ 2,069,210 $12,721,041 $12,650,071 Interest sensitive liabilities: Deposits: Savings, NOW and money market . . 0.51% $1,321,773 $ 804,825 $ 804,825 $ 371,163 $185,581 $ Time . . . . . . . . . . . 2.08 2,219,622 323,001 205,249 80,279 120,739 556,745 $ 4,044,912 $ 4,044,912 3,135,611 3,082,367 133,477 Short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . 0.64 216,147 — — — — — 216,147 206,296 Long-term borrowings . . . . . . . . 4.25 212,275 207,269 53,069 1,001 — 2,472,706 2,946,320 3,115,285 Junior subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . 7.65 — — — — — 181,150 181,150 180,639 Total interest sensitive liabilities . . . . . . . . . . 2.15% $3,969,817 $1,335,095 $1,063,143 $ 452,443 $306,320 $ 3,344,078 $10,470,896 $10,682,743 Interest sensitivity gap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,320,003 $ 618,462 $ 418,167 $ 594,255 $574,126 $(1,274,868)$ 2,250,145 $ 1,967,328 Ratio of interest sensitive assets to interest sensitive liabilities . . . . . . . . . . 1.33:1 1.46:1 1.39:1 2.31:1 2.87:1 0.62:1 1.21:1 1.18:1 Expected maturities are contractual maturities adjusted for all projected payments of principal. For investment securities, loans, long-term borrowings and junior subordinated debentures, expected maturities are based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal. The prepayment experience reflected herein is based on historical experience combined with market consensus expectations derived from independent external sources. The actual maturities of these instruments could vary substantially if future prepayments differ from historical experience or interest rate/reset date. For current market expectations. Repricing data for each instrument reflects the contractual non-maturity deposit liabilities, in accordance with standard industry practice and our historical experience, “decay factors” 47 were used to estimate deposit runoff. Our cash flow derivatives are designed to protect us from upward movement in interest rates on certain deposits and short-term borrowings. The interest rate sensitivity table reflects the sensitivity at current interest rates. As a result, the notional amount of our derivatives is not included in the table. We use various assumptions to estimate fair values. See Note 3 of the consolidated financial statements for further discussion of fair value measurements. The total gap re-pricing within one year as of December 31, 2009 was a positive $1.3 billion, representing a ratio of interest sensitive assets to interest sensitive liabilities of 1.33:1. Current market prepayment speeds and balance sheet management strategies implemented throughout 2009 have allowed us to maintain our asset sensitivity level reported in the table above comparable to December 31, 2008. The total gap re-pricing position, as reported in the table above, reflects the projected interest rate sensitivity of our principal cash flows based on market conditions as of December 31, 2009. As the market level of interest rates and associated prepayment speeds move, the total gap re-pricing position will change accordingly, but not likely in a linear relationship. Management does not view our one year gap position as of December 31, 2009 as presenting an unusually high risk potential, although no assurances can be given that we are not at risk from interest rate increases or decreases. Liquidity Bank Liquidity. Liquidity measures the ability to satisfy current and future cash flow needs as they become due. A bank’s liquidity reflects its ability to meet loan demand, to accommodate possible outflows in deposits and to take advantage of interest rate opportunities in the marketplace. Liquidity management is monitored by our Asset/Liability Management Committee and the Investment Committee of the Board of Directors of Valley National Bank, which review historical funding requirements, current liquidity position, sources and stability of funding, marketability of assets, options for attracting additional funds, and anticipated future funding needs, including the level of unfunded commitments. Valley National Bank has no required regulatory liquidity ratios to maintain; however, it adheres to an internal liquidity policy. The current policy maintains that we may not have a ratio of loans to deposits in excess of 120 percent and non-core funding (which generally includes certificates of deposits $100 thousand and over, federal funds purchased, repurchase agreements and Federal Home Loan Bank advances) greater than 50 percent of total assets. At December 31, 2009, we were in compliance with the foregoing policies. On the asset side of the balance sheet, we have numerous sources of liquid funds in the form of cash and due from banks, interest bearing deposits with banks (including the Federal Reserve Bank of New York), investment securities held to maturity maturing within one year, investment securities available for sale, trading securities, loans held for sale, and, from time to time, federal funds sold. These liquid assets totaled approximately $2.2 billion and $2.1 billion at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, representing 17.4 percent and 16.4 percent of earning assets, and 15.5 percent and 14.2 percent of total assets at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Of the $2.2 billion of liquid assets at December 31, 2009, approximately $1.1 billion of various investment securities were pledged to counter parties to support our earning asset funding strategies. Additional liquidity is derived from scheduled loan payments of principal and interest, as well as prepayments received. Loan principal payments are projected to be approximately $3.6 billion over the next twelve months. As a contingency plan for significant funding needs, liquidity could also be derived from the sale of conforming residential mortgages from our existing loan portfolio, or from the temporary curtailment of lending activities. On the liability side of the balance sheet, we utilize multiple sources of funds to meet liquidity needs. Our core deposit base, which generally excludes certificates of deposit over $100 thousand as well as brokered certificates of deposit, represents the largest of these sources. Core deposits averaged approximately $8.0 billion and $7.4 billion for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, representing 61.7 percent and 59.7 percent of average earning assets at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The level of interest bearing deposits is 48 affected by interest rates offered, which is often influenced by our need for funds and the need to match the maturities of assets and liabilities. Brokered certificates of deposit totaled $2.9 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008. In the event that additional short-term liquidity is needed, Valley National Bank has established relationships with several correspondent banks to provide short-term borrowings in the form of federal funds purchased. While, at December 31, 2009, there were no firm lending commitments in place, management believes that we could borrow approximately $1.0 billion for a short time from these banks on a collective basis. The Bank is also a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York and has the ability to borrow from them in the form of FHLB advances secured by pledges of residential mortgage-backed securities and a blanket assignment of qualifying residential mortgage loans. Additionally, funds could be borrowed overnight from the Federal Reserve Bank via the discount window as a contingency for additional liquidity. During the second quarter 2009, we expanded our ability to borrow from the discount window as we provided additional collateral loans consisting primarily of automobile loans. At December 31, 2009, our borrowing capacity under the Fed’s discount window was approximately $390 million. The following table lists, by maturity, all certificates of deposit of $100 thousand and over at December 31, 2009 (in thousands): Less than three months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Three to six months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Six to twelve months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . More than twelve months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 555,727 219,759 313,384 315,001 $1,403,871 We have access to a variety of short-term and long-term borrowing sources to support our asset base. Short- term borrowings include federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase (“repos”), treasury tax and loan accounts, and FHLB advances. Short-term borrowings decreased by $424.2 million to $216.1 million at December 31, 2009 compared to $640.3 million at December 31, 2008 primarily due to maturity of $300.0 million short-term FHLB advances and a $132.7 million decrease in short-term repos, partly offset by a $4.8 million increase in treasury tax and loan accounts. At December 31, 2009, all short-term repos represent customer deposit balances being swept into this vehicle overnight. The following table sets forth information regarding Valley’s short-term repos at the dates and for the periods indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 ($ in thousands) Securities sold under agreements to repurchase: Average balance outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maximum outstanding at any month-end during the period . . . . . . . . . . . Balance outstanding at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted average interest rate during the period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted average interest rate at the end of the period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $203,585 215,182 206,542 $418,518 437,272 335,510 $412,035 449,595 394,512 0.91% 0.67% 1.51% 0.81% 4.08% 2.92% Corporation Liquidity. Valley’s current recurring cash requirements primarily consist of dividends to common shareholders and interest expense on junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts. These cash needs are routinely satisfied by dividends collected from Valley National Bank, along with cash flows from investment securities held at the holding company. See Note 16 – Shareholders’ Equity in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report regarding restrictions to such subsidiary bank dividends. Projected cash flows from these sources are expected to be adequate to pay common 49 dividends, if declared, and interest expense payable to capital trusts, given the current capital levels and current profitable operations of the bank subsidiary. As part of our on-going asset/liability management strategies, Valley could use cash to repurchase shares of its outstanding common stock under its share repurchase program, call for early redemption all, or part, of its junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I, purchase preferred securities issued by VNB Capital Trust I (and extinguish the corresponding junior subordinated debentures), or repurchase its warrant outstanding to the U.S. Treasury (see discussion below). The cash required for these activities may be met by using Valley’s own funds, dividends received from the Bank, as well as new borrowed funds. On November 14, 2008, Valley issued $300 million in nonvoting senior preferred shares to the U.S. Treasury under its TARP Capital Purchase Program mainly to support growth in our lending operations and better position Valley for a potentially extended downturn in the U.S. economy. During 2009, we incrementally repurchased all 300,000 shares of our senior preferred shares from the U.S. Treasury for an aggregate purchase price of $300 million (excluding accrued and unpaid dividends paid at the date of redemption) during 2009. The repurchase eliminated our future requirement to pay costly preferred dividends which totaled $13.0 million in cash payments during the year ended December 31, 2009. At December 31, 2009, a ten-year warrant to purchase 2.4 million of our common shares (at $18.66 per share) remains outstanding to the U.S. Treasury. We have calculated an internal value for the warrant, and are currently negotiating the redemption with U.S. Treasury. However, if an agreement can not be reached with the U.S. Treasury, the warrant will be sold at public auction. We do not currently have a time frame in which the negotiations will be completed; however, we anticipate Valley will have adequate cash available for the repurchase based upon our internal valuation. While not a condition to the repurchase of our senior preferred shares, we raised net proceeds of approximately $71.6 million from an “at-the-market” common equity offering, consisting of the sale of 5.67 million shares of newly issued common stock completed in the third quarter of 2009, and net proceeds of $63.7 million through an additional registered direct offering, consisting of the sale of 5 million shares of newly issued common stock to several institutional investors in the fourth quarter of 2009. Valley may use the net proceeds for a variety of possible uses, including, in part, the repurchase of the warrant held by the U.S. Treasury. Investment Securities Portfolio Securities are classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost when Valley has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Securities are classified as available for sale when they might be sold before maturity, and are carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax. Securities classified as trading are held primarily for sale in the short term or as part of our balance sheet management strategies and are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included immediately in the net trading (losses) gains category of non-interest income. Valley determines the appropriate classification of securities at the time of purchase. The decision to purchase or sell securities is based upon the including the interest rate current assessment of long and short-term economic and financial conditions, environment and other statement of financial condition components. Securities with limited marketability and/or restrictions, such as Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stocks, are carried at cost in other assets. At December 31, 2009, our investment portfolio was comprised of U.S Treasury securities, tax-exempt issues of states and political subdivisions, residential mortgage-backed securities (including 20 private label mortgage-backed securities), single-issuer trust preferred securities principally issued by bank holding companies (“bank issuers”) (including three pooled securities), corporate bonds primarily issued by banks, and perpetual preferred and common equity securities issued by banks. There were no securities in the name of any one issuer exceeding 10 percent of shareholders’ equity, except for residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies, including Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae. Among other securities, our investments in the private label mortgage-backed securities, trust preferred securities, perpetual preferred securities, equity securities, and bank issued corporate bonds may pose a higher 50 risk of future impairment charges by us as a result of the current downturn in the U.S. economy and its potential negative effect on the future performance of these bank issuers and/or the underlying mortgage loan collateral. Many of the bank issuers of trust preferred securities within our investment portfolio remain participants in the U.S. Treasury’s TARP Capital Purchase Program. For TARP participants, dividend payments to trust preferred security holders are currently senior to and payable before dividends can be paid on the preferred stock issued under the TARP Capital Purchase Program. Some bank trust preferred issuers may elect to defer future payments of interest on such securities either based upon recommendations by the U.S. Government and the banking regulators or management decisions driven by potential liquidity needs. Such elections by issuers of securities within our investment portfolio could adversely affect securities valuations and result in future impairment charges if collection of deferred and accrued interest (or principal upon maturity) is deemed unlikely by management. See the “Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Analysis” section below for further details. Investment securities at December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were as follows: 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Held to maturity: U.S. government agency securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ 313,360 936,385 281,836 52,807 24,958 201,858 593,275 281,824 52,822 $ — 230,201 52,073 241,329 32,510 Total investment securities held to maturity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,584,388 $1,154,737 $ 556,113 Available for sale: U.S. Treasury securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. government agency securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 276,285 — 33,411 940,505 36,412 19,042 Total debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,305,655 46,826 $ — $ 102,564 48,191 1,215,386 29,347 5,157 1,400,645 34,797 5,133 326,086 43,828 1,049,596 64,467 20,821 1,509,931 96,479 Total investment securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,352,481 $1,435,442 $1,606,410 Trading: U.S. government agency securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — — 32,950 — — $ 224,945 2,803 — 28,959 — 66,366 34,236 399,504 — Total trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 32,950 $ 34,236 $ 722,577 Total investment securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,969,819 $2,624,415 $2,885,100 As of December 31, 2009, we had $1.4 billion of securities classified as available for sale, a decrease of $83.0 million from December 31, 2008 due, in part, to our reinvestment of normal principal paydowns into residential mortgage-backed securities primarily issued by Ginnie Mae that were classified as held to maturity during 2009. We increased our holdings of government guaranteed residential mortgage-backed securities classified as held to maturity and U.S. Treasury securities classified as available for sale during 2009 to help reduce credit risk and potential volatility in our balance sheet. As of December 31, 2009, the available for sale securities had a net unrealized loss of $2.8 million, net of deferred taxes, compared to a net unrealized loss of $32.7 million, net of deferred taxes, at December 31, 2008. Available for sale securities are not considered trading account securities, but rather are securities which may be sold on a non-routine basis. 51 Our trading securities portfolio consisted of $33.0 million in trust preferred securities at December 31, 2009. These securities were originally transferred to trading securities on January 1, 2007 upon our election to carry these securities at fair value under new authoritative guidance under U.S. GAAP. The decline in trading securities from 2007 to 2008 was mainly due to the maturity and sale of short-term investment securities and the reallocation of such proceeds to new loan originations during 2008. The following table presents the maturity distribution schedule with its corresponding weighted-average yields of held to maturity and available for sale securities at December 31, 2009: U.S. Treasury Securities Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions Residential Mortgage- Backed Securities (5) Trust Preferred Securities Corporate and Other Debt Securities Total (4) Amount (1) Yield (2) Amount (1) Yield (2)(3) Amount (1) Yield (2) Amount (1) Yield (2) Amount (1) Yield (2) Amount (1) Yield (2) ($ in thousands) Held to maturity: 0-1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 years . . . . . . . . . . . Over 10 years . . . . . . . . $ — — — — — % $136,514 47,606 — 53,614 — 75,626 — 1.98% $ — 5.97 6.20 5.94 1 23,650 912,734 — % $ — — 7.88 — 2.06 281,836 2.61 — % $ — — 6.92 100 18,449 25,276 8,982 2.33% $ 136,614 66,056 5.30 102,540 7.87 1,279,178 7.39 1.98% 5.78 5.66 3.79 Total securities . . . . . . . $ — — % $313,360 4.26% $936,385 2.60% $281,836 6.92% $52,807 6.88% $1,584,388 3.84% Available for sale: 0-1 year . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5 years . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10 years . . . . . . . . . . . Over 10 years . . . . . . . . $ — 276,285 — — — % $ 12,417 13,009 1.16 5,006 — 2,979 — 7.11% $ 6.98 6.34 6.62 328 5,760 59,169 875,248 7.89% $ — — 6.59 — 5.01 36,412 5.60 — % $ — — — 3.62 6,779 5,967 6,296 — % $ 3.80 3.35 1.51 12,745 301,833 70,142 920,935 7.13% 1.57 4.96 5.49 Total securities . . . . . . . $276,285 1.16% $ 33,411 6.90% $940,505 5.57% $ 36,412 3.62% $19,042 2.90% $1,305,655 4.57% (1) Held to maturity amounts are presented at amortized costs, stated at cost less principal reductions, if any, and adjusted for accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums. Available for sale amounts are presented at fair value. (2) Average yields are calculated on a yield-to-maturity basis. (3) Average yields on obligations of states and political subdivisions are generally tax-exempt and calculated on a tax-equivalent basis using a statutory federal income tax rate of 35 percent. (4) Excludes equity securities which have indefinite maturities. (5) Mortgage-backed securities are shown using stated final maturity. At December 31, 2009, we had $936.4 million and $940.5 million of residential mortgage-backed securities classified as held to maturity and available for sale securities, respectively. The majority of these residential mortgage-backed securities held by us are guaranteed by federal agencies. Approximately $9.2 million and $133.7 million of the residential mortgage- backed securities classified as held to maturity and available for sale securities, respectively, were private label mortgage- backed securities. The private label mortgage-backed securities classified as held to maturity and available for sale securities had gross unrealized losses of $10 thousand and $10.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009. The residential mortgage-backed securities portfolio is a significant source of our liquidity through the monthly cash flow of principal and interest. Mortgage-backed securities, like all securities, are sensitive to change in the interest rate environment, increasing and decreasing in value as interest rates fall and rise. As interest rates fall, the increase in prepayments can reduce the yield on the mortgage-backed securities portfolio, and reinvestment of the proceeds will be at lower yields. Conversely, rising interest rates will reduce cash flows from prepayments and extend anticipated duration of these assets. We monitor the changes in interest rates, cash flows and duration, in accordance with our investment policies. Management seeks out investment securities with an attractive spread over our cost of funds. Other-Than-Temporary Impairment Analysis We may be required to record impairment charges on our investment securities if they suffer a decline in value that is considered other-than-temporary. Numerous factors, including lack of liquidity for re-sales of certain investment securities, absence of reliable pricing information for investment securities, adverse changes in business climate, adverse actions by 52 regulators, or unanticipated changes in the competitive environment could have a negative effect on our investment portfolio and may result in other-than-temporary impairment on our investment securities in future periods. Effective January 1, 2009, management early adopted and now evaluates the held to maturity and available for sale investment securities portfolios quarterly for other-than-temporary impairment in accordance with new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.” Among other things, this guidance requires declines in the fair value of debt securities, considered to be other-than- temporary, to be reflected in earnings as realized losses to the extent the impairment is related to credit losses, but only if management has no intent to sell the security, and it is not more likely than not management will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. The amount of the impairment related to non-credit factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. Other-than-temporary impairment means we believe the security’s impairment is due to factors that could include its inability to pay interest or dividends, its potential for default, and/or other factors. As a result of the adoption of the new authoritative guidance, when a held to maturity or available for sale debt security is assessed for other-than-temporary impairment, we have to first consider (a) whether we intend to sell the security, and (b) whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis. If one of these circumstances applies to a security, an other-than-temporary impairment loss is recognized in the statement of income equal to the full amount of the decline in fair value below amortized cost. If neither of these circumstances applies to a security, but we do not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis, an other-than-temporary impairment loss has occurred that must be separated into two categories: (a) the amount related to credit loss, and (b) the amount related to other factors. In assessing the level of other-than- temporary impairment attributable to credit loss, we compare the present value of cash flows expected to be collected with the amortized cost basis of the security. As discussed above, the portion of the total other-than- temporary impairment related to credit loss is recognized in earnings, while the amount related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. The total other-than-temporary impairment loss is presented in the statement of income, less the portion recognized in other comprehensive income. When a debt security becomes other-than-temporarily impaired, its amortized cost basis is reduced to reflect the portion of the total impairment related to credit loss. Prior to our adoption of the new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 320 on January 1, 2009, total other-than-temporary impairment losses (i.e., both credit and non-credit losses) on debt securities were recognized through earnings with an offset to reduce the amortized cost basis of the applicable debt securities by their entire impairment amount. To determine whether a security’s impairment is other-than-temporary, we consider factors that include: • The causes of the decline in fair value, such as credit problems, interest rate fluctuations, or market volatility. • The severity and duration of the decline. • Our ability and intent to hold equity security investments until they recover in value, as well as the likelihood of such a recovery in the near term. • Our intent to sell security investments, or if it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell such securities before recovery of their individual amortized cost basis less any current-period credit loss. For debt securities, the primary consideration in determining whether impairment is other-than-temporary is whether or not it is probable that current or future contractual cash flows have or may be impaired. The investment grades in the table below reflect multiple third parties independent analysis of each security. For many securities, the rating agencies may not have performed an independent analysis of the tranches owned by us, but rather an analysis of the entire investment pool. For this and other reasons, we believe the assigned investment grades may not accurately reflect the actual credit quality of each investment and should not be viewed in isolation as a measure of the quality of our investment portfolio. 53 The following table presents the held to maturity and available for sale investment securities portfolios by investment grades at December 31, 2009: Amortized Cost December 31, 2009 Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses (in thousands) Fair Value Held to maturity: Investment grades* AAA Rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AA Rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BBB Rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-investment grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 976,641 117,811 160,459 115,259 514 213,704 $18,558 2,287 3,649 1,318 — 327 $ (441) $ 994,758 119,979 (119) 163,053 (1,055) 100,225 (16,352) 338 (176) 169,653 (44,378) Total investment securities held to maturity . . . $1,584,388 $26,139 $(62,521) $1,548,006 Available for sale: Investment grades* AAA Rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AA Rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BBB Rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-investment grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not rated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,081,442 53,823 54,383 38,345 108,256 13,416 $39,700 389 528 40 1,797 76 $ (2,790) $1,118,352 50,945 45,020 29,657 95,151 13,356 (3,267) (9,891) (8,728) (14,902) (136) Total investment securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,349,665 $42,530 $(39,714) $1,352,481 * Rated using external rating agencies (primarily S&P and Moody’s). Ratings categories include entire range. For example, “A rated” includes A+, A, and A-. Split rated securities with two ratings are categorized at the higher of the rating levels. The held to maturity portfolio includes $213.7 million in investments not rated by the rating agencies with aggregate unrealized losses of $44.4 million at December 31, 2009. The unrealized losses for this category relate to 11 single-issuer bank trust preferred securities, of which $33.6 million in unrealized losses relate to securities issued by one bank holding company with a combined amortized cost of $55.0 million. Valley privately negotiated the purchase of the $55.0 million in trust preferred securities from the bank issuer and holds all of the securities of two issuances. Typical of most trust preferred issuances, the bank issuer may defer interest payments for up to five years with interest payable on the deferred balance. Beginning in August and October of 2009, the bank issuer has elected to defer its scheduled interest payments on both of the security issuances. The bank issuer is currently operating under an agreement with its bank regulators which requires, among other things, the issuer to receive permission from the regulators prior to resuming its regularly scheduled payments on both security issuances. However, the issuer’s principal subsidiary bank reported, in its most recent regulatory filing, that it meets the regulatory minimum requirements to be considered a “well-capitalized institution” as of December 31, 2009. Based on this information, management believes that we will receive all principal and interest contractually due on both security issuances. We will continue to closely monitor the credit risk of this issuer and may be required to recognize other-than-temporary impairment on such securities in future periods. All other single-issuer bank trust preferred securities classified as held to maturity or available for sale are paying in accordance with their terms and have no deferrals of interest or defaults. Additionally, we analyze the performance of each issuer on a quarterly basis, including a review of performance data from the issuer’s most recent bank regulatory report to assess the company’s credit risk and the probability of impairment of the contractual cash flows of the applicable security. Based upon our quarterly review, all of the issuers appear to meet the regulatory minimum requirements to be considered a “well-capitalized” financial institution. 54 Although the majority of these financial institutions were performing at the end of this year, there can be no assurance that the current economic conditions or bank regulatory actions will not impair the institutions’ future ability to repay our investment in the trust preferred securities, which may result in significant other-than- temporary impairment charges to our future earnings. In this volatile environment a growing number of banking institutions have been required to defer trust preferred payments and a growing number of banking institutions have been put in receivership by the FDIC during this year. A deferral event by a bank holding company for which we hold trust preferred securities may require us to recognize an other-than-temporary impairment charge if it is determined that repayment of contractual interest or principal is unlikely, and an FDIC receivership for any single-issuer would result in a significant loss. See Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements for further details on our trust preferred securities portfolios. The available for sale portfolio includes investments with non-investment grade ratings with amortized cost and fair values totaling $108.3 million and $95.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009. The $14.9 million in unrealized losses for this category relate to nine private label mortgage-backed securities and two pooled trust preferred securities, of which approximately $12.2 million in unrealized losses relate to non-credit losses (recognized in other comprehensive income) on other-than-temporarily impaired securities at December 31, 2009. See the section below and Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements for further information on management’s assessment of potential or additional other-than-temporary impairment for these securities. Other-than-Temporarily Impaired Securities Other-than-temporary impairment is a non-cash charge and not necessarily an indicator of a permanent decline in value. Security valuations require significant estimates, judgments and assumptions by management and are considered a critical accounting policy of Valley. See the “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” section above for further discussion of this policy. The following table provides information regarding our other- than-temporary impairment charges on securities recognized in earnings for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007: 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Held to maturity: Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ 7,846 $ — Available for sale: Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,735 183 434 6,435 — 70,554 — — 17,949 Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,352 $84,835 $17,949 Within the residential mortgage-backed securities category of the available for sale portfolio, Valley owns 20 individual private label mortgage-backed securities. We estimate loss projections for each security by stressing the individual loans collateralizing the security and determining a range of expected default rates, loss severities, and prepayment speeds, in conjunction with the underlying credit enhancement (if applicable) for each security. Based on collateral and origination vintage specific assumptions, a range of possible cash flows was identified to determine whether other-than-temporary impairment existed at each quarter end during the year. Generally, the range of expected constant default rates (“CDR”), loss severity rates and constant prepayment rates (“CPR”) used in the modeling scenarios for the 20 private label mortgage-backed securities were as follows: a CDR of 0 percent to 11.9 percent, a loss severity rate of 12.9 percent to 56.6 percent, and a CPR of 0.8 percent to 26.4 percent. During 2009, 4 of the 20 private label mortgage-backed securities classified as available for sale, with an amortized cost and fair value of $41.2 million and $36.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009 were 55 deemed to have estimated credit losses totaling $5.7 million (one of the securities was originally found to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2008 resulting in an $6.4 million charge to earnings). In evaluating the range of likely future cash flows for each of the four securities, we applied security as well as market specific assumptions, based on the credit characteristics of each security to multiple cash flow models. Multiple present value cash flow analyses were utilized in determining future expected cash flows, in part due to the vast array of assumptions prevalent in the current market and used by market participants in valuing similar type securities. Under certain stress scenarios estimated future losses may arise. For the 4 securities in which we recorded an other-than-temporary impairment, the range of expected default rates, loss severities, prepayment speeds, loan-to-value ratios at origination and FICO scores used in modeling scenarios for the four impaired securities were generally the following: a CDR of 4.9 percent to 11.9 percent, a loss severity rate of 51.2 percent to 56.6 percent, a CPR of 10.2 percent to 26.4 percent, weighted average loan to value ratios at origination between 59.0 percent to 72.3 percent, and the average portfolio FICO score ranged between 713 and 727 at December 31, 2009. Each security’s cash flows were discounted at the security’s effective interest rate. Although we recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges on the securities, each security is currently performing in accordance with its contractual obligations. Within the trust preferred securities category of the available for sale portfolio, Valley owns three pooled trust preferred securities, principally collateralized by securities issued by banks, with a combined amortized cost and fair value of $25.8 million and $10.9 million, respectively. Two of the three securities were other-than- temporarily impaired at December 31, 2008, and resulted in an impairment charge of $7.8 million, as each of Valley’s tranches in the securities had projected cash flows below their future contractual principal and interest payments. After the impairment, management no longer had a positive intent to hold the pooled trust preferred securities to their maturity dates due to the significant deterioration in both issuers’ creditworthiness, and as a result, we were required to transfer these securities, with a total adjusted carrying value of $1.1 million at the time of transfer, from the held to maturity portfolio to the available for sale portfolio at December 31, 2008. Additionally, effective January 1, 2009, the amortized cost amounts for these impaired securities were increased by a total of $7.5 million (with offsetting entry to other comprehensive income) for the non-credit portion of the $7.8 million impairment charge taken during 2008 due to our early adoption of the new authoritative accounting guidance included in ASC Topic 320. For the year ended December 31, 2009, we recognized additional estimated credit losses of $183 thousand (reclassified from other comprehensive income to earnings) for one of the three pooled trust preferred securities as higher default rates decreased the expected cash flows from the security. After all impairment charges, the two pooled trust preferred securities had a combined amortized cost and fair value of $8.4 million and $705 thousand, respectively, at December 31, 2009. For the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges of $434 thousand and $70.6 million, respectively, on equity securities classified as available for sale. The 2009 impairment charge relates to one common equity security issued by a bank with an adjusted carrying value of $723 thousand at December 31, 2009. The impairment was recognized based on the length of time and the severity of the difference between the security’s book value and its observable market price and the security’s near term prospects for recovery. For the year-ended December 31, 2008, the majority of the impairment charges related to perpetual preferred equity securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac as a significant decline in market value of these securities was caused by the U.S. Government placing these entities into conservatorship and suspending their preferred stock dividends during the third quarter of 2008. We also recorded a total of $733 thousand in other-than-temporary impairment charges on three common equity securities and one preferred equity security issued by banks during 2008. 56 Loan Portfolio The following table reflects the composition of the loan portfolio for the five years ended December 31, 2009: LOAN PORTFOLIO 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 At December 31, Commercial and industrial loans . . . . . . . . . $1,801,251 $ 1,965,372 ($ in thousands) $1,563,150 $1,466,862 $1,449,919 Mortgage: Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . 440,046 1,943,249 3,500,419 510,519 2,269,935 3,324,082 402,806 2,063,242 2,370,345 526,318 2,106,306 2,309,217 471,560 2,083,004 2,234,950 Total mortgage loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer: 5,883,714 6,104,536 4,836,393 4,941,841 4,789,514 Home equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Credit card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566,303 10,025 1,029,958 78,820 607,700 9,916 1,364,343 91,823 554,830 10,077 1,447,838 83,933 571,138 8,764 1,238,145 104,935 565,960 9,044 1,221,525 94,495 Total consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,685,106 2,073,782 2,096,678 1,922,982 1,891,024 Total loans* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $9,370,071 $10,143,690 $8,496,221 $8,331,685 $8,130,457 As a percent of total loans: Commercial and industrial loans . . . . . . . . . Mortgage loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.2% 62.8 18.0 19.4% 60.2 20.4 18.4% 56.9 24.7 17.6% 59.3 23.1 17.8% 58.9 23.3 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% * Total loans are net of unearned discount and deferred loan fees totaling $8.7 million, $4.8 million, $3.5 million, $5.1 million and $6.3 million at December 31, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. During 2009, we extended approximately $1.8 billion in new and renewed credit to quality existing and new customers while maintaining our conservative underwriting standards. However, the overall loan portfolio declined $774 million, or 7.6 percent, to $9.4 billion at December 31, 2009 from $10.1 billion at December 31, 2008. The decrease was primarily due to lower volumes in most loan types, including declines due to lack of consumer demand for automobile loans, business loan contraction during the economic recession, our strict underwriting standards, approximately $382 million in conforming refinanced and new residential mortgage loan originations that were held for sale or sold in the secondary market due to the historically low level of interest rates in 2009, and competition from other financial institutions. We may experience further declines in the loan portfolio during 2010 due to a slow economic recovery cycle or we may maintain certain asset/liability management strategies, including the sale of new residential mortgage loan originations with low fixed interest rates should the yield curve not widen in the near term. Commercial and industrial loans decreased $164.1 million or 8.4 percent to approximately $1.8 billion in 2009, mainly due to a slowdown in new commercial and industrial loan activity and a moderate decline in usage of lines of credit by our commercial customers. We continue to be very selective in our underwriting of new commercial customers, as well as careful in expanding some current commercial customer relationships due to the economic downturn. Until the economy clearly signals a recovery in our primary markets, we expect nominal growth in our commercial and industrial loan portfolio. 57 Total mortgage loans, comprised of construction, residential and commercial real estate loans, decreased $220.8 million, or 3.6 percent during 2009 to $5.9 billion at December 31, 2009, mainly due to decreases in the residential mortgage and construction loan portfolios of $326.7 million and $70.5 million, respectively, partially offset by a $176.3 million increase in commercial real estate loans. The decline in the residential mortgage loan portfolio since the fourth quarter of 2008 continued throughout 2009, as expected by management, based on our secondary market sales of most refinanced loans and new loan originations with low fixed interest rates. Construction loans have also declined since the fourth quarter of 2008 due to normal paydowns on existing loans coupled with lower new loan volume caused by the slowdown in the new and existing housing markets. However, commercial real estate loans increased 5.4 percent during 2009 mainly due to our ability to find new quality lending opportunities made available by the tight credit markets, as well as an uptick in loan demand from existing customers during the fourth quarter of 2009. We believe the growth in commercial real estate loans is well controlled, in large part, due to our conservative underwriting standards which typically require a combination of strong cash flow, substantial equity on the part of the borrower, and personal guarantees. Consumer loans decreased $388.7 million to approximately $1.7 billion at December 31, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008 primarily due to the declines in the automobile and home equity loan portfolios of $334.4 million and $41.4 million, respectively. We have reported declines in our automobile loan portfolio every quarter since June 30, 2008 mainly due to low consumer demand for new and used vehicles, as well as our move to strengthen our already conservative auto loan underwriting standards in light of the weakened economy. Based on these same underwriting standards, we may choose to be more competitive on interest rates offered for auto loans during 2010 as a measure to reduce excess liquidity derived from maturities in all loan types, while maintaining an acceptable level of interest rate risk for the overall loan portfolio. The decrease in home equity loans is mainly a by-product of refinancing within our residential mortgage portfolio caused by the low level of interest rates during the year ended December 31, 2009. Home equity loans are mainly provided as a convenience to our existing residential mortgage customers and are expected to fluctuate based upon the level of loan volumes within the residential mortgage portfolio. Much of our lending is in northern and central New Jersey and New York City, with the exception of smaller auto and residential mortgage loan portfolios derived mainly from the neighboring states of Pennsylvania and Connecticut, a portion of our health care equipment leases, other commercial equipment leases and general aviation loans, and Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans which totaled only $44.0 million at December 31, 2009. However, efforts are made to maintain a diversified portfolio as to type of borrower and loan to guard against a potential downward turn in any one economic sector. As a result of our lending, this could present a geographic and credit risk if there was a significant broad based downturn of the economy within the region. Although, our primary lending markets have experienced unemployment figures slightly below the national average during 2009, its impact is reflected in our inability to grow the loan portfolio and the portfolio’s decline in performance (see the “Non-performing Assets” section below). We can provide no assurance that our markets will not deteriorate beyond their current levels in the future and cause an increase in the credit risk of our loan portfolio. The following table reflects the contractual maturity distribution of the commercial and construction loan portfolios as of December 31, 2009: One Year or Less One to Five Years Over Five Years Total Commercial—fixed rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial—adjustable rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction—fixed rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction—adjustable rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 483,439 657,874 27,078 272,479 (in thousands) $235,642 320,667 11,271 113,424 $ 43,895 59,734 1,428 14,366 $ 762,976 1,038,275 39,777 400,269 $1,440,870 $681,004 $119,423 $2,241,297 58 We may renew loans at maturity when requested by a customer. In such instances, we generally conduct a review which includes an analysis of the borrower’s financial condition and, if applicable, a review of the adequacy of collateral. A rollover of the loan at maturity may require a principal reduction or other modified terms. Non-performing Assets Non-performing assets include non-accrual loans, other real estate owned (“OREO”), and other repossessed assets which consist of automobiles, as well as one aircraft at December 31, 2009. Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when they become past due in excess of 90 days as to payment of principal or interest. Exceptions to the non-accrual policy may be permitted if the loan is sufficiently collateralized and in the process of collection. OREO is acquired through foreclosure on loans secured by land or real estate. OREO and other repossessed assets are reported at the lower of cost or fair value at the time of acquisition and at the lower of fair value, less estimated costs to sell, or cost thereafter. Mindful of the poor operating environment and the higher delinquency rates reported throughout the banking industry, we believe non-performing assets remained at acceptable levels as a percentage of the total loan portfolio as shown in the table below. Although total delinquent loans remained stable in the fourth quarter of 2009, management cannot provide assurance that the levels of non-performing assets will not continue to increase in relation to the U.S. economy. 59 The following tables set forth by loan category, non-performing assets and accruing loans on the dates indicated in conjunction with asset quality ratios for Valley: CREDIT QUALITY At December 31, 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 ($ in thousands) Accruing past due loans: 30 to 89 days past due: Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $11,949 1,834 12,462 4,539 22,835 $13,299 5,456 12,189 5,005 23,275 $ 5,839 12,047 6,486 5,233 16,210 $ 3,346 8,402 5,530 8,537 13,166 $ 2,747 15,460 8,573 3,258 11,951 Total 30 to 89 days past due . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,619 59,224 45,815 38,981 41,989 90 or more days past due: Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total 90 or more days past due . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,191 — 1,421 250 1,263 5,125 864 3,156 5,323 4,257 1,957 15,557 814 3,154 1,592 1,407 1,495 8,462 321 683 625 1,381 765 3,775 1,432 519 757 894 840 4,442 Total accruing past due loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $58,744 $74,781 $54,277 $42,756 $46,431 Non-accrual loans: Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $17,424 19,905 22,922 29,844 1,869 $10,511 877 6,195 14,895 595 $10,931 833 2,693 15,940 226 $ 8,989 — 1,727 16,198 330 $12,585 — 1,389 11,274 546 Total non-accrual loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91,964 33,073 30,623 27,244 25,794 Other real estate owned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other repossessed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,869 2,565 8,278 4,317 609 1,466 779 844 2,023 608 Total non-performing assets (“NPAs”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $98,398 $45,668 $32,698 $28,867 $28,425 Troubled debt restructured loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total non-performing loans as a % of loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total NPAs as a % of loans and NPAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total accruing past due and non-accrual loans as a % of $19,072 $ 7,628 $ 8,363 $ 0.98% 1.04% 0.33% 0.45% 0.36% 0.38% $ 713 0.33% 0.35% 821 0.32% 0.35% total loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.61% 1.06% 1.00% 0.84% 0.89% Allowance for loans losses as a % of non-performing loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110.90% 281.93% 237.29% 274.25% 291.49% Non-accrual loans increased $58.9 million to $92.0 million compared to $33.1 million at December 31, 2008. In general, the increasing trend in non-accrual loans is reflective of the current weak economic conditions. The increase in non-accrual commercial loans was partly related to the addition of five credit relationships with an aggregate total of $5.0 million. At December 31, 2009, non-accrual construction loans mainly consist of seven credit relationships with an aggregate total of $17.3 million which have been negatively impacted by the slowdown in the housing markets. The increase in non-accrual commercial real estate loans was mostly related to the addition of five credit relationships with an aggregate total of $14.8 million, or 0.85 percent of the total 60 commercial real estate portfolio. We believe our commercial real estate delinquencies (which include accruing past due loans and non-accrual loans in the table above) totaling 0.99 percent at December 31, 2009 compared to 1.05 percent at September 30, 2009 currently remain well controlled mainly due to our underwriting standards. Non-accrual residential mortgage loans increased to 1.18 percent of the residential mortgage loan portfolio at December 31, 2009 mainly due to higher unemployment caused by the economic downturn. Although the timing of collection is uncertain, management believes most of the non-accrual loans are well secured and, ultimately, collectible based on, in part, our quarterly valuation of impaired loans. See “Asset Quality and Risk Elements” section below and Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements for further analysis of the impaired loan portfolio. If interest on non-accrual loans had been accrued in accordance with the original contractual terms, such interest income would have amounted to approximately $6.5 million, $2.7 million and $2.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively; none of these amounts were included in interest income during these periods. Interest loans totaled $3 thousand, $9 thousand and $45 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. No mortgage loans classified as loans held for sale and carried at fair value were on non-accrual status at December 31, 2009. income recognized on loans once classified as non-accrual OREO decreased $4.4 million to $3.9 million at December 31, 2009 as compared to $8.3 million at December 31, 2008. The decrease was mainly due to the transfer of one office property to fixed assets during the first quarter of 2009, as Valley is currently preparing the property to be used as an additional bank lending and retail service location. Other repossessed assets decreased approximately $1.8 million to $2.6 million at December 31, 2009 from $4.3 million at December 31, 2008, mainly due to a $1.4 million write down of the carrying value of a repossessed aircraft based on our quarterly valuation analysis and the sale of another repossessed aircraft for an immaterial gain during 2009. Other repossessed assets are comprised of automobiles and one aircraft at December 31, 2009. Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing, which were not included in the non-performing category, are presented in the above table. These loans ranged from 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent of total loans for the last five years and decreased $10.4 million to $5.1 million, or 0.05 percent of total loans at December 31, 2009 compared to $15.6 million or 0.15 percent at December 31, 2008. The majority of the decrease in loans past due in excess of 90 days and still accruing as compared to December 31, 2008 was due to the migration of several commercial real estate and residential mortgage loans to non-accrual loans. Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing represent most loan types and are considered to be well secured and in the process of collection. At December 31, 2009, no mortgage loans classified loans held for sale were 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest. Troubled debt restructured loans, with modified terms and not reported as loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing or non-accrual, are presented in the table above. Restructured loans are loans on which, due to deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition, the original terms have been modified in favor of the borrower or either principal or interest has been forgiven. These restructured loans totaled $19.1 million and $7.6 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Restructured loans consist of five commercial loan relationships and two commercial lease relationships at December 31, 2009. These restructured loans are presently performing under the modified terms, but there can be no assurance that Valley will not incur a loss related to these loans in the future. There were no unfunded loan commitments related to these restructured loans at December 31, 2009. Total accruing past due loans and non-accrual loans were 1.61 percent of all loans at December 31, 2009 compared with 1.06 percent at December 31, 2008 and include matured loans in the normal process of renewal 61 totaling approximately $1.2 million and $6.9 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. We strive to keep loan delinquencies at low levels, however, there is no guarantee that our delinquency levels will not continue to increase due to the current economic conditions. Although we believe that substantially all risk elements at December 31, 2009 have been disclosed in the categories presented above, it is possible that for a variety of reasons, including economic conditions, certain borrowers may be unable to comply with the contractual repayment terms on certain real estate and commercial loans. As part of the analysis of the loan portfolio, management determined that there were approximately $56.9 million and $26.8 million in potential problem loans at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, which were not classified as non-accrual loans in the non-performing asset table above. Potential problem loans are defined as performing loans for which management has serious doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with the present loan repayment terms and which may result in a non-performing loan. Our decision to include performing loans in potential problem loans does not necessarily mean that management expects losses to occur, but that management recognizes potential problem loans carry a higher probability of default. Of the $56.9 million in potential problem loans as of December 31, 2009, approximately $21.3 million is considered at risk after collateral values and guarantees are taken into consideration. At December 31, 2009, the potential problem loans consist of various types of credits, including commercial mortgages, revolving commercial lines of credit and commercial leases. There can be no assurance that Valley has identified all of its potential problem loans at December 31, 2009. Asset Quality and Risk Elements Lending is one of the most important functions performed by Valley and, by its very nature, lending is also the most complicated, risky and profitable part of our business. For commercial loans, construction loans and commercial mortgage loans, a separate credit department is responsible for risk assessment and periodically evaluating overall creditworthiness of a borrower. Additionally, efforts are made to limit concentrations of credit so as to minimize the impact of a downturn in any one economic sector. Our loan portfolio is diversified as to type of borrower and loan. However, loans collateralized by real estate represent approximately 63 percent of total loans at December 31, 2009. Most of the loans collateralized by real estate are in northern and central New Jersey and New York City, presenting a geographical and credit risk if there was a further significant broad- based deterioration in economic conditions within the region. Residential mortgage loans are secured by 1-4 family properties generally located in counties where we have branch presence and counties contiguous thereto (including Pennsylvania). We do provide mortgage loans secured by homes beyond this primary geographic area; however, lending outside this primary area is generally made in support of existing customer relationships. Underwriting policies that are based on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac guidelines are adhered to for loan requests of conforming and non-conforming amounts. The weighted average loan-to-value ratio of all residential mortgage originations in 2009 was 51 percent while FICO® (independent objective criteria measuring the creditworthiness of a borrower) scores averaged 765. Consumer loans are comprised of home equity loans, credit card loans, automobile loans and other consumer loans. Home equity and automobile loans are secured loans and are made based on an evaluation of the collateral and the borrower’s creditworthiness. In addition to New Jersey, automobile loans are primarily originated in several other states. Due to the level of our underwriting standards applied to all loans, management believes the out of state loans generally present no more risk than those made within New Jersey. However, each loan or group of loans made outside of our primary markets poses some additional geographic risk based upon the economy of that particular region. Management realizes that some degree of risk must be expected in the normal course of lending activities. Allowances are maintained to absorb such loan losses inherent in the portfolio. The allowance for credit losses and related provision are an expression of management’s evaluation of the credit portfolio and economic climate. 62 The following table summarizes the relationship among loans, loans charged-off, loan recoveries, the provision for credit losses and the allowance for credit losses on the years indicated: Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 ($ in thousands) Average loans outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $9,705,909 $9,386,987 $8,261,111 $8,262,739 $7,637,973 Beginning balance—Allowance for credit losses . . $ 94,738 $ 74,935 $ 74,718 $ 75,188 $ 65,699 Loans charged-off: Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (16,981) (1,197) (3,488) (3,110) (17,689) (6,760) — (501) (500) (14,902) (5,808) — (103) (1,596) (7,628) (6,078) — (644) (448) (4,918) (42,465) (22,663) (15,135) (12,088) Charged-off loans recovered: Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449 — 36 75 2,830 3,390 627 — — 6 2,141 2,774 1,427 — 17 254 1,779 3,477 Net charge-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision charged for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions from acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (39,075) 47,992 — (19,889) 28,282 11,410 (11,658) 11,875 — 528 — 54 181 1,585 2,348 (9,740) 9,270 — (1,921) — (108) (307) (5,265) (7,601) 1,474 — 130 129 1,765 3,498 (4,103) 4,340 9,252 Ending balance—Allowance for credit losses . . . . . $ 103,655 $ 94,738 $ 74,935 $ 74,718 $ 75,188 Components of allowance for credit losses: Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 101,990 $ Reserve for unfunded letters of credit* . . . . . . 1,665 93,244 $ 1,494 72,664 $ 2,271 74,718 $ — 75,188 — Allowance for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 103,655 $ 94,738 $ 74,935 $ 74,718 $ 75,188 Components of provision for credit losses: Provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ Provision for unfunded letters of credit . . . . . . 47,821 $ 171 29,059 $ (777) 12,751 $ (876) 9,270 $ — Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 47,992 $ 28,282 $ 11,875 $ 9,270 $ 4,340 — 4,340 Ratio of net charge-offs during the period to average loans outstanding during the period . . . . Allowance for loan losses as a % of loans . . . . . . . . Allowance for credit losses as a % of loans . . . . . . . 0.40% 1.09% 1.11% 0.21% 0.92% 0.93% 0.14% 0.86% 0.88% 0.12% 0.90% 0.90% 0.05% 0.92% 0.92% * Effective January 1, 2007, Valley transferred $3.1 million of the allowance for loan losses related to commercial lending letters of credit to other liabilities. 63 The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded letters of credit. Management maintains the allowance for credit losses at a level estimated to absorb probable loan losses of the loan portfolio and unfunded letter of credit commitments at the balance sheet date. The allowance is based on ongoing evaluations of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Our methodology for evaluating the appropriateness of the allowance includes segmentation of the loan portfolio into its various components, tracking the historical levels of classified loans and delinquencies, applying economic outlook factors, assigning specific incremental reserves where necessary, providing specific reserves on impaired loans, and assessing the nature and trend of loan charge-offs. Additionally, the volume of non-performing loans, type, and geography, new markets, collateral adequacy, credit policies and concentration risks by size, procedures, staffing, underwriting consistency, and economic conditions are taken into consideration. The allowances established for probable losses on specific loans are based on a regular analysis and evaluation of classified loans. Loans are classified based on an internal credit risk grading process that evaluates, among other things: (i) the obligor’s ability to repay; (ii) the underlying collateral, if any; and (iii) the economic environment and industry in which the borrower operates. This analysis is performed at the relationship manager level for all commercial loans and evaluated by our Loan Review Department on a test basis. Loans with a grade that is below a predetermined grade are adversely classified. Any change in the credit risk grade of performing and/or non-performing loans affects the amount of the related allowance. Once a loan is classified, the assigned relationship manager and/or a special assets officer in conjunction with the Credit Risk Management Department analyze the loan to determine whether the loan is impaired and, if impaired, the need to specifically allocate a portion of the allowance for loan losses to the loan. Specific valuation allowances are determined by analyzing the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the relative risk grade of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things. Additionally, we individually evaluate non-accrual (non-homogeneous) loans over a specific dollar amount and all troubled debt restructured loans for impairment based on the underlying anticipated method of payment consisting of either the expected future cash flows or the related collateral. If payment is expected solely based on the underlying collateral, an appraisal is completed to assess the fair value of the collateral. As required by regulatory guidance, collateral dependent impaired loan balances are written down to the current fair value of each loan’s underlying collateral resulting in an immediate charge-off to the allowance, excluding any consideration for personal guarantees that may be pursued in our collection process. If repayment is based upon future expected cash flows, the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate is compared to the carrying value of the loan, and any shortfall is recorded as a specific valuation allowance in the allowance for credit losses. At December 31, 2009, a $7.3 million specific valuation allowance was included in the allowance for credit losses related to $46.0 million in impaired loans. See Note 5 for more details regarding impaired loans. The allowance allocations for non-classified loans are calculated by applying historical loss factors by specific loan types to the applicable outstanding loans and unfunded commitments. Loss factors are based on the Bank’s historical loss experience and may be adjusted for significant changes in the current loan portfolio quality that, in management’s judgment, affect the collectibility of the portfolio as of the evaluation date. The allowance contains reserves identified as the unallocated portion in the table below to cover inherent losses within a given loan category which have not been otherwise reviewed or measured on an individual basis. Such reserves include management’s evaluation of the national and local economy, loan portfolio volumes, the composition and concentrations of credit, credit quality and delinquency trends. These reserves reflect management’s attempt to ensure that the overall allowance reflects a margin for imprecision and the uncertainty that is inherent in estimates of probable credit losses. Net charge-off levels have remained relatively low in the last five years, but have increased to a high of 0.40 percent of average loans in 2009 from a low of 0.05 percent in 2005. The increase in net charge-offs in 2009 is related to the deterioration of economic conditions which began in 2008. The $10.2 million increase in commercial and industrial loan charge-offs during 2009 reflect a higher level of partial loan charge-offs related to 64 collateral dependent impaired loans and one fraud loan charge-off totaling $3.8 million. Consumer loan net charge-offs continued to rise during 2009 mostly due to higher automobile loan charge-offs which began to escalate in 2008 due to the financial crisis. We believe the impact of the economic recession on the automobile loan portfolio’s performance in 2009 was somewhat lessened by our move to tighten our already high credit standards in the second half of 2008. Despite these efforts, there can be no guarantee that our net charge-off levels for our generally well secured loan categories will not continue to rise during 2010 given the continued downturn in the U.S. economy, the high level of unemployment in our primary markets, and the potential effect of both on the future performance of our loan portfolio. The provision for credit losses was $48.0 million in 2009 compared to $28.3 million in 2008. The $19.7 million increase reflects the weaker economic conditions during 2009 which have resulted in, among other things, a higher level of net charge-offs and delinquencies, increased specific reserves for criticized loans, an increased historical loss allocation factor for automobile loans, and a $5.2 million increase in specific reserves for impaired credits (consisting mainly of non-accrual commercial and industrial loans and commercial real estate loans). The following table summarizes the allocation of the allowance for credit losses to specific loan categories for the past five years: Years ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 Percent of Loan Category to Total Loans Allowance Allocation Allowance Allocation Percent of Loan Category to Total Loans ($ in thousands) Percent of Loan Category to Total Loans Allowance Allocation Percent of Loan Category to Total Loans Allowance Allocation Percent of Loan Category to Total Loans Allowance Allocation Loan category: Commercial and industrial* . . . $ 50,932 30,913 15,480 6,330 Mortgage . . . . . . Consumer . . . . . Unallocated . . . . 19.2% $44,163 30,354 62.8 14,318 18.0 5,903 N/A 19.4% $31,638 23,660 60.2 10,815 20.4 8,822 N/A 18.4% $31,888 27,942 56.9 8,189 24.7 6,699 N/A 17.6% $34,828 28,200 59.3 8,174 23.1 3,986 N/A 17.8% 58.9 23.3 N/A $103,655 100.0% $94,738 100.0% $74,935 100.0% $74,718 100.0% $75,188 100.0% * Includes the reserve for unfunded letters of credit totaling $1.7 million, $1.5 million, and $2.3 million at December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. At December 31, 2009, the allowance for credit losses amounted to $103.7 million or 1.11 percent of loans, as compared to $94.7 million or 0.93 percent at December 31, 2008. The provision for credit losses and loan recoveries increase the allowance, while loan charge-offs decrease the allowance. The 18 basis point increase in the allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans from 2008 was mainly due to an increase in the allowance attributable to commercial and industrial loans due to an increase in specific reserves for impaired credits and an increase in classified loans, higher loss factors applied to the automobile loan portfolio due to an increase in historical loss rates, management’s outlook on the U.S. economy, as well as other factors identified by management. In general, the increase in classified loans during the 2009 period is reflective of the continued economic downturn which began in 2008 and has caused weakness in some borrowers’ ability to repay, as well as declines in the underlying collateral values of certain loans. Impaired loans and their related specific allocations to the allowance for loan losses totaled $74.5 million and $7.3 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009 and $22.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008. Specific reserves for impaired loans increased $5.2 million from 2008 mainly due an increase in non-accrual commercial and industrial loans and commercial real estate loans caused by the deterioration in economic conditions. The average balance of impaired loans during 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $49.8 million, $25.3 million and $23.8 million, respectively. The amount of interest that would 65 have been recorded under the original terms for impaired loans was $3.1 million for 2009, $984 thousand for 2008, and $1.3 million for 2007. Interest was not collected on these impaired loans during these periods. See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements for further analysis of the impaired loan portfolio. Management believes that the unallocated allowance is appropriate given the current weakened economic climate, the size of the loan portfolio and delinquency trends at December 31, 2009. Capital Adequacy A significant measure of the strength of a financial institution is its shareholders’ equity. At December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, shareholders’ equity totaled approximately $1.3 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively, or 8.8 percent and 9.3 percent of total assets, respectively. The decrease in total shareholders’ equity during the year ended December 31, 2009 was mainly the result of our repurchase of our senior preferred stock from the U.S. Treasury, dividends declared to common shareholders of $109.0 million, and dividends and accretion of the discount on our preferred stock of $19.5 million, partially offset by net income of $96.5 million, the sale of 10.67 million shares of newly issued common stock for net proceeds totaling $135.3 million, a $41.1 million decrease in our accumulated other comprehensive loss, and 370 thousand shares of treasury stock reissued under our dividend reinvestment plan for net proceeds totaling $4.5 million. Included in shareholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2009 was a $2.0 million net unrealized gain on investment securities available for sale, net of deferred tax compared to a $32.7 million net unrealized loss, net of deferred tax at December 31, 2008. Also, included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2009 was $19.1 million, representing the unfunded portion of Valley’s various pension obligations and a $2.7 million unrealized loss on derivatives, net of deferred tax used in cash flow hedging relationships. On November 14, 2008, Valley issued $300 million in nonvoting senior preferred shares to the U.S. Treasury under its TARP Capital Purchase Program mainly to support growth in our lending operations and better position Valley for a potentially extended downturn in the U.S. economy. During 2009, we incrementally repurchased all 300,000 shares of our senior preferred shares from the U.S. Treasury for an aggregate purchase price of $300 million (excluding accrued and unpaid dividends paid at the date of redemption) during 2009. Accordingly, Valley is no longer subject to the prohibitions against increasing dividends and redeeming its common stock and trust preferred securities, and the compensation-related limitations associated with the Capital Purchase Program. In conjunction with the purchase of our senior preferred shares, the U.S. Treasury received a ten year warrant to purchase up to approximately 2.4 million of Valley common shares with an aggregate market price equal to $45 million or 15 percent of the original senior preferred investment. Our common stock underlying the warrant represents approximately 1.6 percent of our outstanding common shares at December 31, 2009. The warrant is exercisable on a net exercise basis, and has an exercise price of $18.66 per share that was calculated based on the average of closing prices of Valley’s common stock on the 20 trading days ending on the last trading day prior to the date of the U.S. Treasury’s approval of our application under the program. At December 31, 2009, the warrant remains outstanding to the U.S. Treasury. We have calculated an internal value for the warrants, and are currently negotiating the redemption with U.S. Treasury. However, if an agreement can not be reached with the U.S. Treasury, the warrants will be sold at public auction. We do not currently have a time frame in which the negotiations will be completed. While outstanding, our senior preferred shares and the warrant issued under the TARP program qualified and were accounted for as permanent equity on our balance sheet. Of the $300 million in issuance proceeds, $291.4 million and $8.6 million were allocated to the senior preferred shares and the warrant, respectively, based upon their estimated relative fair values as of November 14, 2008. The discount of $8.6 million recorded for the senior preferred shares was being amortized to retained earnings over a five year estimated life of the securities based on the likelihood of their redemption by us within that timeframe. For the years ended December 31, 2009 66 and 2008, $8.4 million and $216 thousand, respectively, were amortized to retained earnings. At December 31, 2009, the discount was fully amortized and, as a result, will not be deducted from net income in calculating net income available to common stockholders in future periods. While not a condition to the repurchase of our senior preferred shares, we raised net proceeds of approximately $71.6 million from an “at-the-market” common equity offering, consisting of the sale of 5.67 million shares of newly issued common stock completed in the third quarter of 2009, and net proceeds of $63.7 million through an additional registered direct offering, consisting of the sale of 5 million shares of newly issued common stock to several institutional investors in the fourth quarter of 2009. Valley may use the net proceeds for a variety of possible uses, including, in part, the repurchase of the warrant held by the U.S. Treasury. Additional equity offerings, including shares issued under Valley’s dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) discussed below may dilute the holdings of our existing shareholders or reduce the market price of our common stock, or both. Such offerings may be necessary in the future due to several factors beyond management’s control, including potential increases to the regulatory minimum levels of capital required to be considered a well capitalized bank and the impact of a prolonged or worsened downturn in the economy. Effective June 29, 2009, Valley may issue up to 10.0 million authorized and previously unissued or treasury shares of Valley common stock for purchases under Valley’s DRIP. Under the DRIP, a shareholder may choose to have future cash dividends automatically invested in Valley common stock and make voluntary optional cash payments of up to $100 thousand per quarter to purchase shares of Valley common stock. Shares purchased under this plan will be issued directly from Valley or in open market transactions. During 2009, 370 thousand common shares were reissued from treasury stock under the DRIP for net proceeds totaling $4.5 million. On January 17, 2007, Valley’s Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to 4.1 million common shares. Purchases may be made from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions generally not exceeding prevailing market prices. Repurchased shares are held in treasury and are expected to be used for general corporate purposes or issued under the dividend reinvestment plan. Valley made no purchases of its outstanding shares during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Risk-based capital guidelines define a two-tier capital framework. Tier 1 capital consists of common shareholders’ equity and eligible long-term borrowing related to VNB Capital Trust I and GCB Capital Trust III, less disallowed intangibles and adjusted to exclude unrealized gains and losses, net of deferred tax. Total risk- based capital consists of Tier 1 capital, Valley National Bank’s subordinated borrowings and the allowance for credit losses up to 1.25 percent of risk-adjusted assets. Risk-adjusted assets are determined by assigning various levels of risk to different categories of assets and off-balance sheet activities. Valley’s regulatory capital position included $176.3 million of its outstanding trust preferred securities issued by capital trusts as of December 31, 2009 and 2008. In compliance with U.S. GAAP, Valley does not trusts. Including these securities, Valley’s capital position under risk-based capital consolidate its capital guidelines was $1.1 billion, or 10.6 percent of risk-weighted assets for Tier 1 capital and $1.3 billion or 12.5 percent for total risk-based capital at December 31, 2009. The comparable ratios at December 31, 2008 (including our senior preferred shares) were 11.4 percent for Tier 1 capital and 13.2 percent for total risk-based capital. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, Valley was in compliance with the leverage requirement having Tier 1 leverage ratios of 8.1 percent and 9.1 percent, respectively. The Bank’s ratios at December 31, 2009 were all above the minimum levels required for Valley to be considered “well capitalized”, which require Tier I capital to risk-adjusted assets of at least 6 percent, total risk-based capital to risk-adjusted assets of 10 percent and a minimum leverage ratio of 5 percent. In March 2005, the Federal Reserve Board issued a final rule that would continue to allow the inclusion of trust preferred securities in Tier I capital, but with stricter quantitative limits. The new quantitative limits are scheduled to become effective on March 31, 2011. The aggregate amount of trust preferred securities and certain other capital elements would be limited to 25 percent of Tier I capital elements, net of goodwill. The amount of trust preferred securities and certain other elements in excess of the limit could be included in total capital, 67 subject to restrictions. Based on the final rule, Valley included all of its outstanding trust preferred securities in Tier I capital at December 31, 2009 and 2008. See Note 12 of the consolidated financial statements for additional information. Book value per common share amounted to $8.19 at December 31, 2009 compared with $7.56 per common share at December 31, 2008. Typically, our primary source of capital growth is through retention of earnings. Our rate of earnings retention is derived by dividing undistributed earnings per common share by earnings (or net income available to common stockholders) per common share. Our common stock cash dividend pay-out per common share was greater than our earnings during the year ended December 31, 2009, thereby causing our earnings retention to be zero for the same period, as earnings were negatively impacted by preferred dividends and accretion of the discount on preferred stock, as well as net trading losses caused primarily by mark to market losses on the fair value of junior subordinated debentures and net impairment losses on securities. The retention ratio for the comparable year ended December 31, 2008 was also negative primarily due to other-than-temporary charges and realized losses on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred securities. While we expect that our rate of earnings retention will improve in future periods due to the elimination of dividends and accretion of the discount on our repurchased senior preferred stock, potential future mark to market losses on trading securities and our junior subordinated debentures, net impairment losses on securities, and other deterioration in earnings and our balance sheet resulting from the continued recessionary economic conditions may negatively impact our future earnings and ability to maintain our dividend at current levels. Cash dividends declared amounted to $0.76 per common share for both years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. The Board continued the cash dividend unchanged during 2009 but, consistent with its conservative philosophy, the Board is committed to examine and weigh relevant facts and considerations, including its commitment to shareholder value, each time it makes a cash dividend decision in this economic environment. Under Bank Interagency Guidance, the Office of the Controller of the Currency has cautioned banks to look at the dividend payout ratio to ensure that banks are able to lend to credit worthy borrowers. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements Contractual Obligations. In the ordinary course of operations, Valley enters into various financial obligations, including contractual obligations that may require future cash payments. The following table presents significant fixed and determinable contractual obligations to third parties by payment date as of December 31, 2009: Note to Financial Statements One Year or Less One to Three Years Three to Five Years Over Five Years Total Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term borrowings . . . . . . . . Junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts* . . . . . Operating leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . 10 11 12 15 $5,961,401 $2,137,900 235,931 62,761 (in thousands) $757,762 1,410 $ 690,222 $ 9,547,285 2,946,320 2,646,218 — 14,229 2,065 — 26,290 — — 26,971 — 181,150 171,614 — 181,150 239,104 2,065 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,040,456 $2,400,121 $786,143 $3,689,204 $12,915,924 * Amount presented are the contractual principal balances. The junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I are carried at fair value of $155.9 million on the consolidated statement of condition at December 31, 2009. Valley also has obligations under its pension benefit plans, not included in the above table, as further described in Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements. 68 Commitments. As a financial services provider, we routinely enter into commitments to extend credit, including loan commitments, standby and commercial letters of credit. While these contractual obligations represent our future cash requirements, a significant portion of commitments to extend credit may expire without being drawn on based upon our historical experience. Such commitments are subject to the same credit policies and approval process accorded to loans made by the Bank. For additional information, see Note 15 of the consolidated financial statements. The following table shows the amounts and expected maturities of significant commitments as of December 31, 2009: One Year or Less One to Three Years Three to Five Years Over Five Years Total (in thousands) Commitments under commercial loans and lines of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,733,306 $172,692 $19,854 585,977 — — $147,151 $2,073,003 585,977 — Home equity and other revolving lines of credit . . . . Outstanding commercial mortgage loan commitments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standby letters of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding residential mortgage loan 154,201 122,788 95,449 15,552 1,000 8,646 — 30,782 250,650 177,768 commitments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,977 — Commitments under unused lines of credit—credit card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial letters of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commitments to sell loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commitments to fund civic and community investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,460 6,547 96,611 12,495 11,516 49,040 — — — 2,422 — — — — — 769 — — — — — — 100,977 76,500 6,547 96,611 12,495 14,707 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,851,878 $335,155 $30,269 $177,933 $3,395,235 * This category primarily consists of contractual communication and technology costs. Derivative Financial Instruments. Valley is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. Valley principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. Valley manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and, from time to time, the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, Valley enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. Valley’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of Valley’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to certain variable- rate borrowings and fixed-rate loan assets. Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk Valley’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, Valley primarily uses interest rate caps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty if interest rates rise above the strike rate on the contract in exchange for an up front premium. In the second quarter of 2008, Valley purchased two interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges to protect against movements in interest rates above the caps’ strike rate based on the effective federal funds rate. 69 The interest rate caps have an aggregate notional amount of $100.0 million, strike rates of 2.50 percent and 2.75 percent, and a maturity date of May 1, 2013. Through November of 2008, the caps were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with customer repurchase agreements (included in short-term borrowings) and money market deposit accounts that had variable interest rates based on an effective federal funds rate less 25 basis points. During November of 2008, the hedging relationship was terminated since the rates paid on the customer repurchase agreements and money market deposit accounts did not trend with the effective federal funds rate (this was caused by historically unprecedented low level of the effective federal funds rate thereby causing Valley to modify the benchmark used to pay interest on these accounts). On February 20, 2009, Valley re-designated the caps to hedge the variable cash flows associated with customer repurchase agreements and money market deposit accounts products that have variable interest rates based on the federal funds rate. The change in fair value of these derivatives while not designated as hedges (from January 1, 2009 through February 20, 2009) totaled a $369 thousand gain and is included in other income for the year ended December 31, 2009. In the third quarter of 2008, Valley purchased two interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges, to reduce its exposure to movements in interest rates above the caps’ strike rate based on the U.S. prime interest rate (as published in The Wall Street Journal). The interest rate caps have an aggregate notional amount of $100.0 million, strike rates of 6.00 percent and 6.25 percent, and a maturity date of July 15, 2015. The caps are used to hedge the total change in cash flows associated with prime-rate-indexed deposits, consisting of consumer and commercial money market deposit accounts, which have variable interest rates of 2.75 percent below the prime rate. Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk Valley is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its fixed rate assets due to changes in benchmark interest rates based on one month-LIBOR. From time to time, Valley uses interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to changes in fair value. Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the receipt of variable rate payments from a counterparty in exchange for Valley making fixed rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. As of December 31, 2009, Valley had one interest rate swap with a notional amount of $9.2 million. For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. Valley includes the gain or loss on the hedged items in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the related derivatives. Non-designated Hedges. Valley does not use derivatives for speculative purposes. Derivatives not designated as hedges are used to manage Valley’s exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements under U.S. GAAP. Below is a summary of Valley’s non-designated hedge activities: • During the first quarter of 2009, Valley entered into and terminated three interest rate swaps not designated as hedges to potentially offset the change in market fair value of certain trading securities. • During the fourth quarter 2008, as previously mentioned above, two interest rate caps (due to mismatches in index) did not qualify for hedge accounting and were subsequently re-designated during February 2009. • During the second quarter of 2007, Valley executed and subsequently terminated a series of interest rate derivative transactions with a notional amount of approximately $1.0 billion. The intended purpose of the derivative transactions was to offset volatility in changes in the market value of over $800 million in trading securities consisting primarily of mortgage-backed securities transferred from the available for sale portfolio at January 1, 2007. These hedged securities were sold during the second quarter of 2007 in conjunction with the termination of the derivative transactions. 70 Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated in hedging relationships are recorded directly in earnings. As of December 31, 2009, Valley had no outstanding derivatives that were not designated in hedging relationships. Credit Risk Related Contingent Features. By using derivatives, Valley is exposed to credit risk if counterparties to the derivative contracts do not perform as expected. Management attempts to minimize counterparty credit risk through credit approvals, limits, monitoring procedures and obtaining collateral where appropriate. Credit risk exposure associated with derivative contracts is managed at Valley in conjunction with Valley’s consolidated counterparty risk management process. Valley’s counterparties and the risk limits monitored by management are periodically reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors. See Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements for more information on our derivative financial instruments. Trust Preferred Securities. In addition to the commitments and derivative financial instruments of the types described above, our off balance sheet arrangements include a $5.5 million ownership interest in the common securities of our statutory trusts to issue trust preferred securities. See “Capital Adequacy” section above in this Item 7 and Note 12 of the consolidated financial statements. Results of Operations—2008 Compared to 2007 Net income was $91.5 million or $0.67 per diluted share, return on average assets was 0.69 percent and return on average shareholders’ equity was 8.74 percent for 2008. This compares with net income of $153.2 million or $1.15 per diluted share in 2007, return on average assets of 1.25 percent and return on average shareholders’ equity of 16.43 percent in 2007. Net interest income on a tax equivalent basis increased $38.4 million to $426.3 million for 2008 compared with $387.9 million for 2007. During 2008, a 69 basis point decline in interest rates paid on average interest bearing liabilities and higher average loan balances positively impacted our net interest income, but were partially offset by a 68 basis point decline in the yield on average loans and higher average interest bearing liabilities as compared to 2007. The net interest margin on a tax equivalent basis was 3.44 percent for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared with 3.43 percent for the same period in 2007. The change was mainly attributable to the increase in average loans and a decrease in interest rates paid on all interest bearing liabilities, partially offset by a lower yield on average loans and higher average balances for all categories of interest bearing liabilities. Average interest rates earned on interest earning assets decreased 53 basis points while average interest rates paid on interest bearing liabilities decreased 69 basis points causing a 1 basis point increase in the net interest margin for Valley as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007. Average loans totaling $9.4 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008 increased $1.1 billion as compared to the same period for 2007 due to organic loan growth and loans acquired in the Greater Community merger. Average investment securities declined $31.1 million, or 1.1 percent in 2008 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007. Due to the higher loan volumes, interest income on a tax equivalent basis for loans increased $12.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007, despite a 68 basis point decrease in the yield on average loans. Interest income on a tax equivalent basis for investment securities decreased $287 thousand mainly due to the decrease in average investment securities and a 31 basis point decline in yield on non-taxable securities for the twelve months in 2008 compared to the same period in 2007, partially mitigated by better yields on taxable securities. The decrease in average investment securities was mainly due to a portion of the investment cash flows reallocated to new loans as the illiquid and volatile financial markets made it increasingly difficult to identify and reinvest in investment securities with acceptable risk profiles and yields. The loss of interest on impaired Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred securities and the reduction in dividends from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York also contributed to the decrease in interest income on investment securities from 2007. 71 Average interest bearing liabilities totaled $10.4 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008 increasing $1.0 billion from the same period in 2007 primarily due to higher long-term borrowings (mainly comprised of FHLB advances), $714.9 million in deposits assumed in the acquisition of Greater Community, and new deposit initiatives at ten de novo branches and our other existing branches. The cost of savings, NOW, and money market accounts, time deposits, short-term borrowings, and long-term borrowings decreased 88, 87, 227, and 23 basis points, respectively, from 2007 due to the sharp decline in short-term interest rates. Average long-term borrowings increased $599.3 million from 2007 as we increased our long-term positions in FHLB advances mainly during the fourth quarter of 2007 and carried the higher position for all of 2008. Average time deposits increased $216.1 million due to deposit initiatives implemented, in part, to offset fluctuations in money market and non-interest bearing account balances experienced in the fourth quarter of 2008, and time deposits totaling $216.2 million assumed in the acquisition of Greater Community on July 1, 2008. Average short-term borrowings increased $124.9 million partially due to $400 million in additional borrowings initiated near the end of the third quarter of 2008 to provide additional liquidity during a turbulent market period. These short-term borrowings, consisting of FHLB advances, were reduced to $300 million as of December 31, 2008 and had maturity dates between February and April 2009. Average savings, NOW, and money market deposits increased $62.1 million as compared to 2007 mainly due to $332.4 million in such deposits assumed from Greater Community, partially offset by some customer movement to U.S. Treasury securities during the financial crisis. Non-interest income represented 0.4 percent and 10.9 percent of total interest income plus non-interest income for 2008 and 2007, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2008, non-interest income decreased $85.8 million or 96.3 percent, compared with the same period in 2007. Service charges on deposit accounts increased $1.5 million, or 5.5 percent in 2008 compared with 2007 mainly due to an increase in checking fees and overdraft fees partially caused by additional deposits assumed in the acquisition of Greater Community. Net gains on securities transactions increased $2.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 mainly due larger gains recognized on the sales of securities classified as available for sale during the 2008 period, partially offset by $1.9 million in realized losses on the sale of certain Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac preferred securities during the 2008 period. Net trading gains decreased $4.2 million to $3.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared $7.4 million in the same period in 2007. The decrease was primarily due to a $15.5 million decrease in mark to market adjustments on our trading portfolio from a $4.7 million net gain recorded during 2007 compared to a $10.8 million net loss recorded for 2008. Partially offsetting the decrease, the change in fair value of our junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value increased $11.1 million to a gain of $15.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $4.1 million gain in the same period of 2007. Net gains on sales of loans decreased $3.5 million to $1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $4.8 million for the prior year. This decrease was primarily due to the gains realized on the sale of approximately $240 million of residential mortgage loans held for sale during 2007 that Valley elected to carry at fair value effective as of January 1, 2007. Net gains on sales of assets decreased $15.5 million to $518 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to approximately $16.1 million for the same period in 2007 mainly due to a $16.4 million immediate gain recognized on the sale of a Manhattan office building in the first quarter of 2007. Valley sold a nine-story building for approximately $37.5 million while simultaneously entering into a long-term lease for its branch office located on the first floor of the same building. The transaction resulted in a $32.3 million pre-tax gain, of which $16.4 million was immediately recognized in earnings in 2007 pursuant to the sale-leaseback accounting rules. The remaining deferred gain of $15.9 million is being amortized into earnings over the 20 year term of the lease, of which $650 thousand and $594 thousand was amortized to net gains on sales of assets during 2008 and 2007, respectively. 72 BOLI income decreased $1.4 million, or 11.9 percent for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared with the same period of 2007 primarily due to the 2008 financial market’s losses which had a negative impact on the performance of the underlying securities of the BOLI asset. Other non-interest income increased $2.6 million or 17.4 percent in the year ended December 31, 2008 compared with the same period in 2007 mainly due to a $1.6 million gain resulting from the mandatory redemption of a portion of Valley’s Class B Visa (member bank) common stock as part of Visa’s initial public offering in March of 2008 and a $417 thousand gain on the redemption of a portion of Valley’s junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I during the third quarter of 2008. The remaining increase was mainly due to general increases in other income associated with the Greater Community acquisition. Non-interest expense increased $31.3 million to $285.2 million for the year-ended December 31, 2008 from $253.9 million for the same period in 2007. Increases in salary expense, employee benefit expense, net occupancy, equipment expense, FDIC insurance assessment, professional and legal fees and other non-interest expense were partially offset with decreases in amortization of other intangible assets, goodwill impairment, and advertising expense. Valley incurred additional expenses due to de novo expansion efforts in 2008 and 2007 in its target expansion areas of northern and central New Jersey, New York City, Brooklyn and Queens. De novo expansion efforts will negatively impact non-interest expense until these new branches become profitable or breakeven, typically over a period of three years. Additionally, we experienced increases in most categories of non-interest expense due to our acquisition of Greater Community on July 1, 2008. The largest component of non-interest expense is salary and employee benefit expense which totaled $157.9 million in 2008 compared with $145.7 million in 2007. Income tax expense was $16.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, reflecting an effective tax rate of 15.3 percent, compared with $51.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, reflecting an effective tax rate of 25.2 percent. The reduction in taxes compared to 2007 was due to the lower income for the 2008 period and the reversal of the $6.5 million valuation allowance attributable to the capital loss carryforward of the prior year. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk For information regarding Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, see Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Interest Rate Sensitivity.” 73 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION Assets Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits with banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment securities: Held to maturity, fair value of $1,548,006 at December 31, 2009 and $1,069,245 at December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total investment securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale, at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 31, 2009 2008 (in thousands except for share data) $ 305,678 355,659 $ 237,497 343,010 1,584,388 1,352,481 32,950 2,969,819 25,492 9,370,071 (101,990) 9,268,081 1,154,737 1,435,442 34,236 2,624,415 4,542 10,143,690 (93,244) 10,050,446 Premises and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Due from customers on acceptances outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266,401 304,031 56,245 6,985 296,424 24,305 405,033 $14,284,153 256,343 300,058 57,717 9,410 295,146 25,954 513,591 $14,718,129 Liabilities Deposits: Non-interest bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing: Savings, NOW and money market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts (includes fair value of $155,893 at December 31, 2009 and $140,065 at December 31, 2008 for VNB Capital Trust I) . . . . . . . . . Bank acceptances outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued expenses and other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ Equity Preferred stock, no par value, authorized 30,000,000 shares; issued 300,000 shares at December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock, no par value, authorized 200,430,392 shares; issued 154,393,107 shares at December 31, 2009 and 143,722,114 shares at December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Surplus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Treasury stock, at cost (1,405,204 common shares at December 31, 2009 and 1,946,882 common shares at December 31, 2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,420,006 $ 2,118,249 4,044,912 3,082,367 9,547,285 216,147 2,946,320 3,493,415 3,621,259 9,232,923 640,304 3,008,753 181,150 6,985 133,412 13,031,299 165,390 9,410 297,740 13,354,520 — 291,539 54,293 1,178,992 73,592 (19,816) 48,228 1,047,085 85,234 (60,931) (34,207) 1,252,854 (47,546) 1,363,609 $14,284,153 $14,718,129 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 74 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME Interest Income Interest and fees on loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest and dividends on investment securities: Taxable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax-exempt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest on federal funds sold and other short-term investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest Expense Interest on deposits: Savings, NOW and money market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest on short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest on long-term borrowings and junior subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Interest Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-Interest Income Trust and investment services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insurance commissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service charges on deposit accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on securities transactions, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Portion recognized in other comprehensive income (before taxes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading (losses) gains, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fees from loan servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on sales of loans, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on sales of assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Total non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-Interest Expense Salary expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employee benefit expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net occupancy and equipment expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDIC insurance assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill impairment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional and legal fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Total non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income Before Income Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends on preferred stock and accretion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net Income Available to Common Stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Earnings Per Common Share: Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash Dividends Declared Per Common Share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding: Years ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands, except for share data) $ 561,252 $ 572,918 $ 560,066 131,792 9,682 8,513 945 712,184 24,894 93,403 4,026 140,547 262,870 449,314 47,992 401,322 6,906 10,224 26,778 8,005 (6,339) (13) (6,352) (10,434) 4,839 8,937 605 5,700 17,043 72,251 128,282 35,464 58,974 20,128 6,887 — 7,907 3,372 45,014 306,028 167,545 51,484 116,061 19,524 96,537 0.67 0.67 0.76 $ $ 137,763 10,089 6,734 2,190 729,694 45,961 117,152 10,163 135,619 308,895 420,799 28,282 392,517 7,161 10,053 28,274 5,020 (84,835) — (84,835) 3,166 5,236 1,274 518 10,167 17,222 3,256 126,210 31,666 54,042 1,985 7,224 — 8,241 2,697 53,183 285,248 110,525 16,934 93,591 2,090 91,501 0.67 0.67 0.76 $ $ 134,969 11,268 8,002 10,702 725,007 75,695 134,674 17,645 115,308 343,322 381,685 11,875 369,810 7,381 10,711 26,803 2,139 (17,949) — (17,949) 7,399 5,494 4,785 16,051 11,545 14,669 89,028 116,389 29,261 49,570 1,003 7,491 2,310 5,110 2,917 39,861 253,912 204,926 51,698 153,228 — 153,228 1.16 1.15 0.76 $ $ Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,453,039 144,453,723 136,957,646 137,033,031 132,586,561 132,979,202 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 75 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Number of Common Shares Preferred Stock Common Stock Surplus Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Treasury Stock Total Shareholders' Equity Balance—December 31, 2006 . . . . . . . . . Cumulative effect of adoption of a new accounting principle (election of fair value option) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cumulative effect of adoption of a new accounting principle (bank owned life insurance) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance—January 1, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . Comprehensive income: Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive gains, net of tax: Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, net of tax benefit of $5,043 . . Less reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income, net of tax benefit of $6,731 . . . . . . . . . Change in net actuarial loss, net of tax benefit of $573 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in prior service cost, net of tax of $340 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive gains . . . . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of stock incentive plan, net . . . . . . . Stock dividend declared . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock dividend paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of stock options granted . . . . . . Tax benefit from stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase of treasury stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance—December 31, 2007 . . . . . . . . . Comprehensive income: Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive losses, net of tax: Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, net of tax benefit of $53,603 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income, net of tax benefit of $33,084 . . . . . . . . Net change in unrealized gains and losses on derivatives, net of tax of $ 3,928 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less reclassification adjustment for derivative losses included in net income, net of tax benefit of $313 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension benefit adjustment, net of tax benefit of $7,946 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive losses . . . . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and warrant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accretion of discount on preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared on common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends accrued on preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of stock incentive plan, net Stock dividend declared . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock dividend paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock and warrants issued in acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of stock options granted . . . . . . Tax benefit from stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance—December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . 133,540 — — 133,540 — — — — — — — — 257 — — — — (1,661) 132,136 — — — — — — — — — — — — 501 — — 9,138 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 291,365 174 — — — — — — — — 41,212 (in thousands) 97,639 881,022 (30,873) (39,410) 949,590 — — (42,940) — — (42,940) — 41,212 — 881,022 (319) 54,380 — (30,873) — (39,410) — 153,228 — — — — — — — — — — — — — (30) — 2,003 — — — — — — (100,325) (3,058) (687) — (140,837) — 138,634 — 1,637 12 3 — — — 9,150 9,079 474 (812) 17,891 — — — — — — — — (319) 906,331 153,228 — — — — 17,891 171,119 (100,325) 5,853 (140,837) 140,637 1,637 123 (35,478) 949,060 — — — — — — — — 9,628 — — — — (35,478) (65,260) 43,185 879,892 104,225 (12,982) — 93,591 — — 93,591 — — — — — — — 8,635 — — — — — — — — — (174) — (104,352) — (106) — 2,097 3,052 — — (5,296) (108,124) 105,869 165,018 985 — 10 6 (1,916) (6,140) — — — — — (78,678) 46,731 (5,434) 434 (11,002) (47,949) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 17,991 — — (277) — — — — — — — (47,949) 45,642 300,000 — (104,352) (1,916) 6,449 (108,124) 107,966 167,793 985 106 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 141,775 $291,539 $48,228 $1,047,085 $ 85,234 $(60,931) $(47,546) $1,363,609 76 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY—(Continued) Balance—December 31, 2008 . . . . Cumulative effect of adoption of a new accounting principle (securities impairment) . . . . . . . . . Balance—January 1, 2009 . . . . . . . Comprehensive income: Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive gains, net of tax: Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities AFS, net of tax of $23,518 . . . . . . Less reclassification of adjustment for gains included in net income, net of tax of $3,002 . . . . . . . . . . Net change in non-credit impairment losses on securities, net of tax benefit of $1,337 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less reclassification of adjustment for credit impairment losses on securities included in net income, net of tax benefit of $2,237 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net change in unrealized gains and losses on derivatives, net of tax of $1,458 . . . . . . . . . . Less reclassification of adjustment for derivative losses included in net income, net of tax benefit of $193 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension benefits adjustment, net of tax of $2,957 . . . . . . . Other comprehensive gains . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income . . . . . . Preferred stock redemption . . . . . . . Accretion of discount on preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared on common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared on preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of stock incentive plan, net . . Common stock dividend declared . . Common stock dividend paid . . . . . Common stock issued . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of stock options granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Number of Common Shares Preferred Stock Common Stock Surplus Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Treasury Stock Total Shareholders’ Equity $141,775 $ 291,539 $48,228 $1,047,085 (in thousands) $ 85,234 $(60,931) $(47,546) $1,363,609 — 141,775 — 291,539 — 48,228 — 1,047,085 8,605 93,839 (8,605) (69,536) — (47,546) — 1,363,609 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 173 — — 11,040 — — — — 116,061 — — 116,061 — — — — — — — — — (300,000) 8,461 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (8,461) — (110,101) — (32) — 2,363 3,734 — 1,725 (101,051) 98,650 131,562 (11,063) (2,121) — — (4,562) — 1,021 — 47,351 (5,003) (2,774) 3,767 2,017 267 4,095 49,720 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 4,319 — — 9,020 — — — — — — — — 49,720 165,781 (300,000) — (110,101) (11,063) 3,891 (101,051) 101,013 139,754 1,021 54,293 1,178,992 73,592 (19,816) (34,207) 1,252,854 Balance—December 31, 2009 . . . . 152,988 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 77 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Years ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) $ 116,061 $ 93,591 $ 153,228 Cash flows from operating activities: Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on securities and borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on securities transactions, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on loans held for sale, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Originations of loans held for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gains on sales of assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net deferred income tax benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net change in: Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of borrowings carried at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest receivable and other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued expenses and other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,316 5,049 47,992 9,592 6,887 (8,005) 6,352 369,917 (8,937) (381,930) (605) (10,898) 1,286 15,828 (5,700) 93,116 (166,768) 14,662 5,531 28,282 (3,013) 7,224 (5,020) 84,835 55,598 (1,274) (55,882) (518) (33,956) 688,341 (14,049) (10,167) 82,339 (1,155) 935,369 15,287 5,138 11,875 389 7,491 (2,139) 17,949 286,299 (4,785) (34,152) (16,051) (20,338) 583,402 (2,748) (11,545) (36,384) 28,350 981,266 Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104,553 Cash flows from investing activities: Investment securities held to maturity: Purchases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maturities, calls and principal repayments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (967,904) 526,637 (574,991) 118,673 (167,372) 113,810 Investment securities available for sale: Purchases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maturities, calls and principal repayments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net change in loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net change in bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from sales of real estate property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases of real estate property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents (paid) acquired in acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (503,483) 326,096 333,041 734,544 1,727 3,713 (25,282) (285) (722,640) 262,796 456,871 (854,870) — 2,209 (29,877) 35,376 (1,006,987) 9,959 221,732 (435,166) (73,231) 41,091 (58,482) — Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428,804 (1,306,453) (1,354,646) Cash flows from financing activities: Net change in deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net change in short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advances of long-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repayments of long-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Redemption of junior subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and a warrant Redemption of preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends paid to preferred shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends paid to common shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases of common shares to treasury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax benefit from stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock issued, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314,362 (424,157) — (60,755) — — (300,000) (12,980) (109,005) — — 140,008 Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (452,527) Net change in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,830 580,507 426,977 19,735 391,001 (315,480) (7,689) 300,000 — — (102,517) — 106 1,993 714,126 343,042 237,465 (396,647) 242,539 1,185,000 (666,036) (40,000) — — — (99,956) (35,478) 123 2,151 191,696 (181,684) 419,149 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 661,337 $ 580,507 $ 237,465 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 78 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS—(Continued) Years ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash payments for: Interest on deposits and borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal and state income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $288,858 63,021 $ 305,216 46,971 $347,964 59,208 Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing activities: Transfer of investment securities held to maturity to available for sale (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfer of investment securities available for sale to trading securities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfer of investment securities held to maturity to trading securities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfer of loans to loans held for sale (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisitions: Non-cash assets acquired: Investment securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Premises and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total non-cash assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liabilities assumed: Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued expenses and other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total liabilities assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net non-cash assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — — — — — — — — — — 726 224 — 950 — — — — 665 665 285 1,059 — — — — 820,532 498,949 254,356 67,411 812,489 (11,410) 15,266 16,284 3,834 115,318 7,476 9,969 1,036,637 714,942 15,415 133,574 25,359 14,927 904,217 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — $ 132,420 $ — Cash and cash equivalents (paid) acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock issued in acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (285) $ $ 35,376 $ — $ 167,796 $ — $ — (1) Valley changed its intent to hold two pooled trust preferred securities to maturity after significant deterioration in the issuers’ creditworthiness resulting in other-than-temporary impairment charges of $7.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. (2) Classification of items changed due to Valley’s election of the fair value option upon adoption of a new accounting principle issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 79 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Note 1) Business Valley National Bancorp, a New Jersey Corporation (“Valley”), is a bank holding company whose principal wholly-owned subsidiary is Valley National Bank (the “Bank”), a national banking association providing a full range of commercial, retail and trust and investment services through its branch and ATM network throughout northern and central New Jersey, as well as in New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn and Queens. The Bank also lends to borrowers outside its branch network. The Bank is subject to intense competition from other financial services companies and is subject to the regulation of certain federal and state agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by certain regulatory authorities. Valley National Bank’s subsidiaries are all included in the consolidated financial statements of Valley. These subsidiaries include: • • • • • • • • • a mortgage servicing company; a title insurance agency; asset management advisors which are Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) registered investment advisors; an all-line insurance agency offering property and casualty, life and health insurance; subsidiaries which hold, maintain and manage investment assets for the Bank; a subsidiary which owns and services auto loans; a subsidiary which specializes in asset-based lending; a subsidiary which offers financing for general aviation aircraft and servicing for existing commercial equipment leases; and a subsidiary which specializes in health care equipment and other commercial equipment leases. The Bank’s subsidiaries also include real estate investment trust subsidiaries (the “REIT” subsidiaries) which own real estate related investments and a REIT subsidiary which owns some of the real estate utilized by the Bank and related real estate investments. Except for Valley’s REIT subsidiaries, all subsidiaries mentioned above are directly or indirectly wholly-owned by the Bank. Because each REIT must have 100 or more shareholders to qualify as a REIT, each REIT has issued less than 20 percent of their outstanding non-voting preferred stock to individuals, most of whom are non-senior management Bank employees. The Bank owns the remaining preferred stock and all the common stock of the REITs. Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements of Valley include the accounts of its commercial bank subsidiary, Valley National Bank and all of Valley’s direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated. The accounting and reporting policies of Valley conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and general practices within the financial services industry. In accordance with applicable accounting standards, Valley does not consolidate statutory trusts established for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and related trust common securities. See Note 12 below for more detail. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Valley has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 80 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management has made estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated statements of condition and results of operations for the periods indicated. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to change are the allowance for loan losses, income taxes, security valuations and the review of goodwill, loan servicing rights and investment securities for impairment. The current economic environment has increased the degree of uncertainty inherent in these material estimates. On July 1, 2009, the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) became the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (the “FASB”) officially recognized source of authoritative U.S. GAAP applicable to all public and non-public non-governmental entities, superseding all existing FASB, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (“AICPA”), Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) and related literature. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative guidance for SEC registrants. All other accounting literature is considered non-authoritative. The issuance of the ASC affects the way companies refer to U.S. GAAP in financial statements and other disclosures. See “New Authoritative Accounting Guidance” section below for a description of recent accounting pronouncements including the dates of adoption and the effect on the results of operations and financial condition. On March 31, 2008, the Bank sold its registered broker-dealer subsidiary. The divesture was not accounted for in the accompanying audited financial statements as discontinued operations due to the immaterial nature of this subsidiary’s financial position and results of operations for the periods presented in this report. See Note 2 below for additional disclosures of this transaction. Valley issued a five percent common stock dividend on May 22, 2009. All common share and per common share data presented in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes below were adjusted to reflect the dividend. Cash and Cash Equivalents For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, interest bearing deposits in other banks (including the Federal Reserve Bank of New York) and, from time to time, overnight federal funds sold. The Bank is required to maintain reserve balances in cash or on deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank based on a percentage of deposits. The total of those reserve balances was approximately $22.9 million and $30.6 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Investment Securities At the time of purchase, management elects to classify investment securities into one of three categories: held to maturity, available for sale or trading. Investment securities are classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost when management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity. Investment securities to be held for indefinite periods are classified as available for sale and carried at fair value, with unrealized holding gains and losses reported as a component of other comprehensive income, net of tax. Securities that may be sold and reinvested over short durations as part of management’s asset/liability management strategies are classified as trading and are carried at fair value, with changes in unrealized holding gains and losses included in non-interest income in the accompanying consolidated statements of income as a component of trading (losses) gains, net. Realized gains or losses on the sale of trading securities are recognized by the specific identification method and are included in trading (losses) gains, net. Investments in Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock, which have limited marketability, are carried at cost in other assets and totaled $139.9 million and $150.5 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Management noted no indicators of impairment for the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York during 2009. 81 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Quarterly, Valley evaluates its investment securities classified as held to maturity or available for sale for other-than-temporary impairment. Other-than-temporary impairment means Valley believes the security’s impairment is due to factors that could include its inability to pay interest or dividends, its potential for default, and/or other factors. As a result of Valley’s adoption of new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities” on January 1, 2009, when a held to maturity or available for sale debt security is assessed for other-than-temporary impairment, Valley has to first consider (a) whether it intends to sell the security, and (b) whether it is more likely than not that Valley will be required to sell the security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis. If one of these circumstances applies to a security, an other-than-temporary impairment loss is recognized in the statement of income equal to the full amount of the decline in fair value below amortized cost. If neither of these circumstances applies to a security, but Valley does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis, an other-than-temporary impairment loss has occurred that must be separated into two categories: (a) the amount related to credit loss, and (b) the amount related to other factors. In assessing the level of other-than-temporary impairment attributable to credit loss, Valley compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected with the amortized cost basis of the security. The portion of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to credit loss is recognized in earnings, while the amount related to other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. The total other-than-temporary impairment loss is presented in the statement of income, less the portion recognized in other comprehensive income. When a debt security becomes other-than-temporarily impaired, its amortized cost basis is reduced to reflect the portion of the total impairment related to credit loss. Prior to Valley’s adoption of the new authoritative guidance, total other- than-temporary impairment losses (i.e., both credit and non-credit losses) on debt securities were recognized through earnings with an offset to reduce the amortized cost basis of the applicable debt securities by their entire impairment amount. To determine whether a security’s impairment is other-than-temporary, Valley considers factors that include, the causes of the decline in fair value, such as credit problems, interest rate fluctuations, or market volatility, the severity and duration of the decline, its ability and intent to hold equity security investments until they recover in value (as well as the likelihood of such a recovery in the near term), Valley’s intent to sell security investments, or if it is more likely than not that Valley will be required to sell such securities before recovery of their individual amortized cost basis less any current-period credit loss. For debt securities, the primary consideration in determining whether impairment is other-than-temporary is whether or not it is probable that current or future contractual cash flows have been or may be impaired. Interest income on investments includes amortization of purchase premiums and discounts. Realized gains and losses are derived based on the amortized cost of the security sold. Loans Held for Sale Loans held for sale consist of conforming residential mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market and are carried at their estimated fair value on an instrument by instrument basis as permitted by the fair value option election under U.S. GAAP. Changes in fair value are recognized in earnings as a component of gains on sales of loans, net. Origination fees and costs related to loans held for sale are recognized as earned and as incurred. Loans held for sale are generally sold with loan servicing rights retained by Valley. Gains recognized on loan sales include the value assigned to the rights to service the loan. See “Loan Servicing Rights” section below. Loans and Loan Fees Loan origination and commitment fees, net of related costs, are deferred and amortized as an adjustment of loan yield over the estimated life of the loans approximating the effective interest method. 82 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Interest income is not accrued on loans where interest or principal is 90 days or more past due or if in management’s judgment the ultimate collectibility of the interest is doubtful. Exceptions may be made if the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, interest accruals cease and uncollected accrued interest is reversed and charged against current income. Payments received on non-accrual loans are applied against principal. A loan may only be restored to an accruing basis when it becomes well secured and in the process of collection and all past due amounts have been collected. The value of an impaired loan is measured based upon the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent and its payment is expected solely based on the underlying collateral. Smaller balance homogeneous loans that loans, are are collectively evaluated for impairment, such as residential mortgage loans and installment specifically excluded from the impaired loan portfolio, except where the loan is classified as a troubled debt restructured loan. Valley has defined the population of impaired loans to be non-accrual loans and other loans considered to be impaired as to principal and interest, consisting primarily of commercial and commercial mortgage loans, with principal amounts outstanding over a specific dollar amount. Impaired loans are individually assessed to determine that each loan’s carrying value is not in excess of the fair value of the related collateral or the present value of the expected future cash flows. Collateral dependant impaired loan balances are charged down to the underlying collateral’s fair value, if such fair value is less than the book balance of the loan at the time of the appraisal. Valley’s lending is primarily in northern and central New Jersey and New York City with the exception of out-of-state auto lending. Valley may also lend outside its primary lending area to accommodate existing customers. Allowance for Credit Losses The allowance for credit losses (the “allowance”) is increased through provisions charged against current earnings and additionally by crediting amounts of recoveries received, if any, on previously charged-off loans. The allowance is reduced by charge-offs on loans or unfunded letters of credit which are determined to be a loss, in accordance with established policies, when all efforts of collection have been exhausted. The allowance is maintained at a level estimated to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as well as other credit risk related charge-offs. The allowance is based on ongoing evaluations of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio and off balance sheet unfunded letters of credits. The Bank’s methodology for evaluating the appropriateness of the allowance includes segmentation of the loan portfolio into its various components, tracking the historical levels of classified loans and delinquencies, applying economic outlook factors, assigning specific incremental reserves where necessary, providing specific reserves on impaired loans, and assessing the nature and trend of loan charge-offs. Additionally, the volume of non-performing loans, concentration risks by size, type, and geography, new markets, collateral adequacy, credit policies and procedures, staffing, underwriting consistency, and economic conditions are taken into consideration. The allowances established for probable losses on specific loans are based on a regular analysis and evaluation of classified loans. Loans are classified based on an internal credit risk grading process that evaluates, among other things: (i) the obligor’s ability to repay; (ii) the underlying collateral, if any; and (iii) the economic environment and industry in which the borrower operates. This analysis is performed at the relationship manager level for all commercial loans and evaluated by the Loan Review Department on a test basis. Loans with a grade that is below a predetermined grade are adversely classified. Any change in the credit risk grade of performing and/or non-performing loans affects the amount of the related allowance. Once a loan is classified, the assigned relationship manager and/or a special assets officer in conjunction with the Credit Risk Management Department 83 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) analyze the loan to determine whether the loan is impaired and, if impaired, the need to specifically allocate a portion of the allowance for loan losses to the loan. Specific valuation allowances are determined by analyzing the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the relative risk grade of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things. Additionally, individually evaluates non-accrual the Credit Risk Management Department (non- homogeneous) loans over a specific dollar amount and all troubled debt restructured loans for impairment based on the underlying anticipated method of payment consisting of either the expected future cash flows or the related collateral. If payment is expected solely based on the underlying collateral, an appraisal is completed to assess the fair value of the collateral. As required by regulatory guidance, collateral dependent impaired loan balances are written down to the current fair value of each loan’s underlying collateral resulting in an immediate charge-off to the allowance, excluding any consideration for personal guarantees that may be pursued in the Bank’s collection process. If repayment is based upon future expected cash flows, the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate is compared to the carrying value of the loan, and any shortfall is recorded as a specific valuation allowance in the allowance for credit losses. The allowance also contains reserves to cover inherent losses within a given loan category which have not been otherwise reviewed or measured on an individual basis. Such reserves include management’s evaluation of national and local economic and business conditions, loan portfolio volumes, the composition and concentrations of credit, credit quality and delinquency trends. These reserves reflect management’s attempt to ensure that the overall allowance reflects a margin for imprecision and the uncertainty that is inherent in estimates of probable credit losses. Premises and Equipment, Net Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Generally, these useful lives range from three to forty years. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost less accumulated amortization computed on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease or estimated useful life of the asset, whichever is shorter. Generally, these useful lives range from seven to forty years. Major improvements are capitalized, while repairs and maintenance costs are charged to operations as incurred. Upon retirement or disposition, any gain or loss is credited or charged to operations. Bank Owned Life Insurance Valley owns bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) to help offset the cost of employee benefits. BOLI is recorded at its cash surrender value. Valley’s BOLI is invested in U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities and the majority of the underlying investment portfolio is managed by one independent investment firm. The change in the cash surrender value is included as a component of non-interest income and is exempt from federal and state income taxes as long as the policies are held until the death of the insured individuals. Other Real Estate Owned Other real estate owned (“OREO”), acquired through foreclosure on loans secured by real estate, is reported at the lower of cost or fair value, as established by a current appraisal, less estimated costs to sell, and is included in other assets. Any write-downs at the date of foreclosure are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Expenses incurred to maintain these properties, unrealized losses resulting from write-downs after the date of foreclosure, and realized gains and losses upon sale of the properties are included in other non-interest expense and other non-interest income, as appropriate. 84 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Goodwill Intangible assets resulting from acquisitions under the purchase method of accounting consist of goodwill and other intangible assets (see “Other Intangible Assets” section below). Goodwill is not amortized and is subject to an annual assessment for impairment by applying a fair value based test. Valley reviews goodwill annually, or more frequently if a triggering event indicates impairment may have occurred, to determine potential impairment by determining if the fair value of the reporting unit has fallen below the carrying value. If impairment is deemed to exist, an adjustment is posted to earnings in the current period for the difference between the fair value and the carrying amount of the goodwill. Additional fair value assessments of goodwill are required if certain indicators of potential impairment arise after the annual test date. Other Intangible Assets Other intangible assets consist of loan servicing rights, core deposits, customer lists and covenants not to compete obtained through acquisitions. Other intangible assets are amortized using various methods over their estimated lives and are periodically evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. If impairment is deemed to exist, an adjustment is recorded to earnings in the current period for the difference between the fair value and the carrying amount. Loan Servicing Rights Loan servicing rights are recorded when purchased or when originated loans are sold, with servicing rights retained. The cost of each originated loan is allocated between the servicing right and the loan (without the servicing right) based on their relative fair values. The fair value of the purchased mortgage servicing rights (“PMSRs”) and internally originated mortgage servicing rights (“OMSRs”) are determined using a method which utilizes servicing income, discount rates, prepayment speeds and default rates specifically relative to Valley’s portfolio for OMSRs. The unamortized costs associated with acquiring loan servicing rights are included in other intangible assets in the consolidated statements of financial condition and are accounted for using the amortization method. Under this method, Valley amortizes the loan servicing assets in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing revenues. On a quarterly basis, Valley stratifies its loan servicing assets into groupings based on risk characteristics and assesses each group for impairment based on fair value. Impairment charges on loan servicing rights are recognized in earnings when the book value of a stratified group of loan servicing rights exceeds its estimated fair value. Stock-Based Compensation Compensation expense for stock options and restricted stock awards (i.e., non-vested stock awards) is based on the fair value of the award on the date of the grant and is recognized ratably over the service period of the award. Under Valley’s long-term incentive compensation plans, award grantees that are eligible for retirement do not have a service period requirement. Compensation expense for these awards is recognized immediately in earnings. The fair value of each option granted is estimated using a binomial option pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock awards is generally the market price of Valley’s stock on the date of grant. For stock options granted prior to November 1, 2005, Valley estimated the fair value of each option granted on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Fair Value Measurements In general, fair values of financial instruments are based upon quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available due to inactive or illiquid markets, fair value is based upon third party 85 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) models that primarily use as inputs, observable market-based parameters. Valuations adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value, including adjustments based on internal cash flow to those incorporated by market participants. Other model projections that utilize assumptions similar adjustments may include amounts to reflect counterparty credit quality and Valley’s creditworthiness, among other things, as well as unobservable parameters. Any such valuation adjustments are applied consistently over time. See Note 3—Fair Value Measurement of Assets and Liabilities. Income Taxes Valley accounts for income taxes by recognizing the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in Valley’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income tax expense in the period that includes the enactment date. Valley maintains a reserve related to certain tax positions and strategies that management believes contain an element of uncertainty. Periodically, Valley evaluates each of its tax positions and strategies to determine whether the reserve continues to be appropriate. See Note 14 for further analysis of Valley’s accounting for income taxes. Comprehensive Income (Loss) Valley’s components of other comprehensive income, net of deferred tax, include unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale (including the non-credit portion of any other-than-temporary impairment charges relating to these securities effective January 1, 2009); unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives used in cash flow hedging relationships; and the unfunded portion of its various employee, officer and director pension plans. Valley reports comprehensive income and its components in the consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity. Earnings Per Common Share For Valley, the numerator of both the basic and diluted earnings per common share is net income available to common stockholders (which is equal to net income less dividends on preferred stock and related discount accretion). The weighted average number of common shares outstanding used in the denominator for basic earnings per common share is increased to determine the denominator used for diluted earnings per common share by the effect of potentially dilutive common stock equivalents utilizing the treasury stock method. For Valley, common stock equivalents are outstanding common stock options and warrants to purchase Valley’s common shares. 86 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The following table shows the calculation of both basic and diluted earnings per common share for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007: Years ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands, except for share data) Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends on preferred stock and accretion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income available to common stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 116,061 19,524 96,537 $ $ 93,591 2,090 91,501 $ $ 153,228 — 153,228 Basic weighted-average number of common stock outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plus: Common stock equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,453,039 684 136,957,646 75,385 132,586,561 392,641 Diluted weighted-average number of common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,453,723 137,033,031 132,979,202 Earnings per common share: Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 0.67 0.67 $ $ 0.67 0.67 $ $ 1.16 1.15 Common stock equivalents, in the table above, exclude common stock options and warrants with exercise prices that exceed the average market price of Valley’s common stock during the periods presented. Inclusion of these common stock options and warrants would be anti-dilutive to the diluted earnings per common share calculation. Anti-dilutive common stock options and warrants equaled approximately 6.5 million, 5.6 million, and 1.3 million common shares for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Preferred and Common Dividends On November 14, 2008, Valley issued 300,000 shares of fixed rate cumulative perpetual preferred stock (the “senior preferred shares”), with a liquidation preference of $1 thousand per share, to the U.S. Department of Treasury. Subsequently, Valley incrementally repurchased all 300,000 shares back from the U.S. Treasury during 2009 and effectively ended our participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program on December 23, 2009. While the senior preferred shares were outstanding to the U.S. Treasury, the shares paid dividends at a rate of five percent per annum. Valley accrued the obligation for the preferred dividends as earned over the period the senior preferred shares were outstanding. Cash dividends to common stockholders are payable and accrued when declared by Valley’s Board of Directors. Treasury Stock Treasury stock is recorded using the cost method and accordingly is presented as a reduction of shareholders’ equity. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities As part of its asset/liability management strategies and to accommodate commercial borrowers, Valley has used interest rate swaps and caps to hedge variability in future fair values or cash flows caused by changes in interest rates. Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. 87 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. Valley records all derivatives as assets or liabilities at fair value on the consolidated statements of financial condition. For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, changes in the fair value of the derivative and the hedged item related to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is initially reported in other comprehensive income (outside of earnings) and subsequently reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings, and the ineffective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative is recognized directly in earnings. On a quarterly basis, Valley assesses the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in fair value or cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in fair value or cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction. If a hedging relationship is terminated due to ineffectiveness, and the derivative instrument is not redesignated to a new hedging relationship, the change in fair value of such instrument is charged directly to earnings. New Authoritative Accounting Guidance FASB ASC Topic 320, “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.” Effectively January 1, 2009, Valley early adopted new authoritative accounting guidance issued under ASC Topic 320 that requires an entity to (a) separately present, in the financial statement where the components of accumulated other comprehensive income are reported, amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income related to held-to-maturity and available-for-sale debt securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment has been recognized and (b) recognize in earnings only the portion of the impairment related to a credit loss. This new guidance also requires that management assert (a) it does not have the intent to sell the security, and (b) if the entity does not intend to sell the security, it is not more likely than not it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Valley’s adoption of the new guidance under ASC Topic 320 resulted in an $8.6 million cumulative-effect adjustment, net of taxes to increase retained earnings with an offset to accumulated other comprehensive loss as of January 1, 2009 for the non-credit component of losses on debt securities for which other-than-temporary impairment was previously recognized. FASB ASC Topic 715, “Compensation—Retirement Benefits.” New authoritative accounting guidance issued under ASC Topic 715 provides guidance on employers’ disclosures about plan assets of a defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. The new guidance requires employers of public and nonpublic entities to disclose more information about (a) how investment allocation decisions are made, (b) major categories of plan assets, including concentrations of risk and fair-value measurements, and the fair-value techniques and (c) inputs used to measure plan assets. These new disclosure requirements under ASC Topic 715 became effective for Valley’s financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009 and are reported in Note 13 to Valley’s consolidated financial statements. FASB ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations.” New authoritative accounting guidance issued under ASC Topic 805 applies to all transactions and other events in which one entity obtains control over one or more other businesses. The new guidance requires an acquirer, upon initially obtaining control of another entity, to recognize the assets, liabilities and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date. Contingent consideration is required to be recognized and measured at fair value on the date of acquisition rather than at a later date when the amount of that consideration may be determinable beyond a reasonable doubt. This fair value approach replaces the cost-allocation process previously required whereby the cost of an acquisition was allocated to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair value. The new guidance requires acquirers to expense acquisition-related costs as incurred rather than allocating such costs to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as was previously the case. Specific requirements must be met in order to accrue for a restructuring plan in purchase accounting. Pre-acquisition contingencies are to be 88 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) recognized at fair value, unless it is a non-contractual contingency that is not likely to materialize, in which case, nothing should be recognized in purchase accounting and, instead, that contingency would be subject to the probable and estimable recognition criteria of contingencies. The new guidance is effective for all business combinations closing after January 1, 2009 and could have a significant impact on Valley’s accounting for business combinations on or after such date. Additional new authoritative accounting guidance under ASC Topic 805, requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination that arise from contingencies be recognized at fair value if fair value can be reasonably estimated. If fair value of such an asset or liability cannot be reasonably estimated, the asset or liability would generally be recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 450, “Contingencies.” This new guidance removes subsequent accounting guidance for assets and liabilities arising from contingencies and requires entities to develop a systematic and rational basis for subsequently measuring and accounting for assets and liabilities arising from contingencies. The new guidance eliminates the requirement to disclose an estimate of the range of outcomes of recognized contingencies at the acquisition date. For unrecognized contingencies, entities are required to include only the disclosures required under ASC Topic 450. The new guidance also requires that contingent consideration arrangements of an acquiree assumed by the acquirer in a business combination be treated as contingent consideration of the acquirer and should be initially and subsequently measured at fair value. ASC Topic 805 is effective for assets or liabilities arising from contingencies in business combinations after January 1, 2009. FASB ASC Topic 810, “Consolidation.” New authoritative accounting guidance under ASC Topic 810 establishes accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. The new guidance clarifies that a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary, which is sometimes referred to as minority interest, is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements. Among other requirements, the new guidance requires consolidated net income to be reported at amounts that include the amounts attributable to both the parent and the non-controlling interest. It also requires disclosure, on the face of the consolidated income statement, of the amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest. Valley’s adoption of the new consolidation guidance under ASC Topic 810 on January 1, 2009 did not have a significant impact on Valley’s financial condition or results of operations. Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-17 under ASC Topic 810 amends previously issued U.S. GAAP for is consolidation of variable interest entities to change how a company determines when an entity that insufficiently capitalized or is not controlled through voting or similar rights should be consolidated. The determination of whether a company is required to consolidate an entity is based on, among other things, an entity’s purpose and design and a company’s ability to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance. The new guidance requires additional disclosures about the reporting entity’s involvement with variable-interest entities and any significant changes in risk exposure due to that involvement as well as its effect on the entity’s financial statements. The new guidance under ASC Topic 810 is effective on January 1, 2010 and is not expected to have a significant impact on Valley’s financial statements. FASB ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” New authoritative accounting guidance under ASC Topic 815, establishes enhanced disclosure requirements about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments; (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under ASC Topic 815; and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Valley adopted the new guidance under ASC Topic 815 on January 1, 2009 and has included the applicable financial statement disclosures in Note 15 below. FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” Effective January 1, 2009, Valley early adopted new authoritative accounting guidance under ASC Topic 820 for determining fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased, and identifying transactions 89 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) that are not orderly. The new provision provides additional guidance for estimating fair value and includes additional factors for identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not in an orderly market. The model includes evaluating the significance and relevance of the factors to determine whether, based on the weight of the evidence, there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability. If the reporting entity concludes there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, further analysis of the transaction or the quoted prices is needed, and a significant adjustment to the transactions or quoted prices may be necessary to estimate fair value. The new guidance also requires an entity to disclose a change in valuation technique (and the related inputs) resulting from the application of the new provisions and to quantify its effects. See Note 3 below for discussion of the impact on valuation of certain investment securities due to the adoption of the new guidance under ASC Topic 820 and the impact to the consolidated financial statements. Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-05 under ASC Topic 820 provides clarification for circumstances in which a quoted price in an active market for the identical liability is not available. In such circumstances, a reporting entity is required to measure fair value using one or more of the following techniques: (i) a valuation technique that uses: (a) the quoted price of the identical liability when traded as an asset; or (b) quoted prices for similar liabilities or similar liabilities when traded as assets; or (ii) another valuation technique that is consistent with the principles of ASC Topic 820, such as an income approach or a market approach. The update clarifies that when estimating the fair value of a liability, a reporting entity is not required to include a separate adjustment relating to the existence of a restriction that prevents the transfer of the liability. The new authoritative accounting guidance also clarifies that the quoted price for an identical liability traded as an asset in an active market would also be a Level 1 measurement, provided that the quoted price does not need to be adjusted to reflect factors specific to the asset that do no apply to the fair value measurement of the liability. Effective September 30, 2009, Valley early adopted the new guidance and it did not have a significant impact on Valley’s consolidated financial statements. However, under the new guidance, the fair value measurement of Valley’s junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value now qualifies as a Level 1 measurement. See Notes 3 and 12 below for further information regarding the valuation technique used for the debentures carried at fair value. Accounting Standards Update No. 2010-06 under ASC Topic 820 requires new disclosures and clarifies certain existing disclosure requirements about fair value measurement. Specifically, the update requires an entity to disclose separately the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements and describe the reasons for such transfers. A reporting entity is required to present separately information about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the reconciliation for fair value measurements using Level 3 inputs. In addition, the update clarifies the following requirements of the existing disclosure: (i) for the purposes of reporting fair value measurement for each class of assets and liabilities, a reporting entity needs to use judgment in determining the appropriate classes of assets; and (ii) a reporting entity is required to include disclosures about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements. The amendments are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the separate disclosures of purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements. Those disclosures are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. The new guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on Valley’s consolidated financial statements. Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-12 under ASC Topic 820 amends Subtopic 820-10 to permit a reporting entity to measure the fair value of certain investments on the basis of net asset value per share of the investment (or its equivalent). This Update also requires new disclosure, by major category of investments, about the attributes of investments within the scope of this amendment to the Codification. The new guidance under ASC Topic 820 became effective for financial statements issued for periods ending after December 15, 2009. Valley’s adoption of this new authoritative guidance did not have a significant impact on Valley’s financial statements or its disclosures at December 31, 2009. 90 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) FASB ASC Topic 855, “Subsequent Events.” New authoritative accounting guidance under ASC Topic 855, establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or available to be issued. These new guidelines define (i) the period after the balance sheet date during which a reporting entity’s management should evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition or disclosure in the financial statements, (ii) the circumstances under which an entity should recognize events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date in its financial statements, and (iii) the disclosures an entity should make about events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date. The new guidance under ASC Topic 855 became effective for financial statements issued for periods ending after June 15, 2009 and did not have a significant impact on Valley’s financial statements. ASC Topic 860, “Transfers and Servicing.” New authoritative accounting guidance under ASC Topic 860, (i) enhances reporting about transfers of financial assets, including securitizations, where companies have continuing exposure to the risks related to transferred financial assets, (ii) eliminates the concept of a “qualifying special-purpose entity” and changes the requirements for derecognizing financial assets, and (iii) requires additional disclosures about all continuing involvements with transferred financial assets including information about gains and losses resulting from transfers during the period. The new guidance under ASC Topic 860 is effective on January 1, 2010 and is not expected to have a significant impact on Valley’s financial statements. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS AND DISPOSITIONS (Note 2) Acquisitions On November 30, 2009, Masters Coverage Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank, acquired the assets of Samuel M. Berman Company, Inc., an independent insurance agency. Samuel M. Berman Company, Inc. is a retail insurance agency offering property and casualty, and health insurance. The purchase price totaled $950 thousand, consisting of $285 thousand in cash and a $665 thousand note payable, subject to certain customer retention levels and payable over the next four years. The transaction generated approximately $726 thousand in goodwill and $224 thousand in other intangible assets. Other intangible assets consist of a customer list and covenants not to compete with a weighted average amortization period of seven years. Pro forma results of operations for Samuel M. Berman Company, Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 are excluded as the acquisition did not have a material impact on Valley’s financial statements. On July 1, 2008, Valley completed the acquisition of Greater Community Bancorp (“Greater Community”), the holding company of Greater Community Bank, a commercial bank with approximately $1.0 billion in assets and 16 full-service branches in northern New Jersey. The purchase price of $167.8 million was paid through a combination of Valley’s common stock (9.1 million shares) and warrants (described below). The transaction generated approximately $115.8 million in goodwill and $7.5 million in core deposit intangibles subject to amortization beginning July 1, 2008. Of the $115.8 million in goodwill, $485 thousand was recorded during the second quarter of 2009 relating to the valuation of certain deferred tax assets acquired from Greater Community. Greater Community Bank was merged into Valley National Bank as of the acquisition date. Valley issued approximately 964 thousand warrants to purchase Valley’s common stock at $18.10 per share which is exercisable beginning July 1, 2010 and expire on June 30, 2015. The Valley warrants, which have been determined to qualify as permanent equity, are publicly traded and listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the ticker symbol “VLYWW.” Pro forma results of operations including Greater Community for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 have not been presented, as the acquisition did not have a material impact on Valley’s operating results. 91 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Disposition On March 31, 2008, Valley sold its wholly-owned broker-dealer subsidiary, Glen Rauch Securities, Inc., for $1.9 million, consisting of cash and a note receivable. During the fourth quarter of 2007, Valley recorded a $2.3 million ($1.5 million after-taxes) goodwill impairment loss due to its decision to sell the broker-dealer subsidiary. The subsidiary’s operations and the disposition did not materially impact Valley’s consolidated financial position or results of operations during 2008 and 2007 and therefore has not been presented as discontinued operations in Valley’s consolidated financial statements. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES (Note 3) The fair value of an asset or liability is the price that would be received to sell that asset or paid to transfer that liability in an orderly transaction occurring in the principal market or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability. In estimating fair value, Valley uses valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, the income approach and /or the cost approach. Such valuations techniques are consistently applied. ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below: Level 1 Unadjusted exchange quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities, or identical liabilities traded as assets that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date; Level 2 Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly (i.e., quoted prices on similar assets), for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; Level 3 Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity). 92 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The following tables present the assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as reported on the consolidated statements of financial condition at December 31, 2009 and 2008. As required by ASC Topic 820, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) December 31, 2009 (in thousands) Assets: Investment securities: Available for Sale: U.S. Treasury securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 276,285 Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,411 940,505 36,412 19,042 46,826 Total available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets (2) 1,352,481 32,950 25,492 7,124 $276,285 $ — $ — — — 16,320 — 28,098 320,703 — — — 33,411 820,652 — 10,868 10,235 875,166 — 25,492 7,124 — 119,853 20,092 8,174 8,493 156,612 32,950 — — Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,418,047 $320,703 $907,782 $189,562 Liabilities: Junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 155,893 1,018 Other liabilities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $155,893 — Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 156,911 $155,893 $ — 1,018 $ 1,018 $ — — $ — (1) The loans held for sale had contractual unpaid principal balances totaling approximately $25.3 million at December 31, 2009. (2) Derivative financial instruments are included in this category. (3) The junior subordinated debentures had contractual unpaid principal obligations totaling $157.0 million at December 31, 2009. 93 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) December 31, 2008 (in thousands) Assets: Investment securities: Available for Sale: U.S. government agency securities . . . . . . . . .$ 102,564 Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,191 Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . . 1,215,386 29,347 Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,157 Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . . . . 34,797 Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,435,442 34,236 Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,542 Loans held for sale (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,334 Other assets (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ 102,564 $— — — — — 13,483 13,483 — — — 48,191 1,215,386 29,347 5,157 21,314 1,421,959 34,236 4,542 3,334 — — — — — — — — — Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1,477,554 $13,483 $1,464,071 $— Liabilities: Junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I (3) Other liabilities (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 140,065 2,008 Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 142,073 $ — — $ — $ 140,065 2,008 $ 142,073 $— — $— (1) The loans held for sale had contractual unpaid principal balances totaling approximately $4.47 million at December 31, 2008. (2) Derivative financial instruments are included in this category. (3) The junior subordinated debentures had contractual unpaid principal obligations totaling $157.0 million at December 31, 2008. The following valuation techniques were used to measure the fair value of financial instruments in the table above on a recurring basis during years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. All the valuation techniques described below are based upon the unpaid principal balance only for each item selected to be carried at fair value and excludes any accrued interest or dividends at the measurement date. Interest income and expense and dividend income are recorded within the consolidated statements of income depending on the nature of the instrument using the effective interest method based on acquired discount or premium. Available for sale and trading securities. Certain common and preferred equity securities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 1 inputs (exchange quoted prices). The majority of the other investment securities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The prices for these instruments are obtained through an independent pricing service or dealer market participants with whom Valley has historically transacted both purchases and sales of investment securities. Prices obtained from these sources include prices derived from market quotations and matrix pricing. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things. Management reviews the data and assumptions used in pricing the securities by its third party providers to ensure the highest level of significant inputs are derived from market observable data. For certain securities, the 94 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) inputs used by either dealer market participants or independent pricing service, may be derived from unobservable market information. In these instances, Valley evaluated the appropriateness and quality of each price. In accordance with Valley’s early adoption of the new authoritative guidance under ASC Topic 820 on January 1, 2009, Valley reviewed the volume and level of activity for all available for sale and trading securities and attempted to identify transactions which may not be orderly or reflective of a significant level of activity and volume. For securities meeting these criteria, the quoted prices received from either market participants or an independent pricing service may be adjusted, as necessary, to estimate fair value and this results in fair values based on Level 3 inputs. In determining fair value, Valley utilized unobservable inputs which reflect Valley’s own assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing each security. In developing its assertion of market participant assumptions, Valley utilized the best information that is both reasonable and available without undue cost and effort. In calculating the fair value for certain trading securities, consisting of trust preferred securities, under Level 3, Valley prepared present value cash flow models incorporating the contractual cash flow of each security adjusted, if necessary, for potential changes in the amount or timing of cash flows due to the underlying credit worthiness of each issuer. The resulting estimated future cash flows were discounted at a yield determined by reference to similarly structured securities for which observable orderly transactions occurred. For a majority of the securities valued under Level 3, the discount rate actually utilized reflected orderly transactions of similar issued securities by the same obligor. The discount rate is further adjusted to reflect a market premium which incorporates, among other variables, illiquidity premiums and variances in the instruments structure. The quoted prices received from either market participants or independent pricing services are weighted with the internal price estimate to determine the fair value of each instrument. In calculating the fair value for the available for sale securities under Level 3, Valley prepared present value cash flow models for certain trust preferred securities (including three pooled trust preferred securities), corporate debt securities, and private label mortgage-backed securities. The cash flows for the mortgage-backed securities incorporated the expected cash flow of each security adjusted for default rates, loss severities and prepayments of the individual loans collateralizing the security. The cash flows for trust preferred securities and corporate debt securities reflected the contractual cash flow, adjusted if necessary for potential changes in the amount or timing of cash flows due to the underlying credit worthiness of each issuer. For available for sale trust preferred securities and corporate debt securities, the resulting estimated future cash flows were discounted at a yield determined by reference to similarly structured securities for which observable orderly transactions occurred. The discount rate for each security was applied using a pricing matrix based on credit, security type and maturity characteristics to determine the fair value. The quoted prices received from either market participants or independent pricing services are weighted with the internal price estimate to determine the fair value of each instrument. For available for sale private label mortgage-backed securities, cash flow assumptions incorporated independent third party market participant data based on vintage year for each security. The discount rate utilized in determining the present value of cash flows for the mortgage-backed securities was arrived at by combining the yield on orderly transactions for similar maturity government sponsored mortgage-backed securities with (a) the historical average risk premium of similar structured private label securities, (b) a risk premium reflecting current market conditions, including liquidity risk and (c) if applicable, a forecasted loss premium derived from the expected cash flows of each security. The estimated cash flows for each private label mortgage-backed security were then discounted at the aforementioned effective rate to determine the fair value. The quoted prices received from either market participants or independent pricing services are weighted with the internal price estimate to determine the fair value of each instrument. Loans held for sale. These conforming residential mortgage loans are reported at fair value using Level 2 (significant other observable) inputs. The fair values were calculated utilizing quoted prices for similar assets in 95 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) active markets. To determine these fair values, the mortgages held for sale are put into multiple tranches, or pools, based on the coupon rate of each mortgage. If the mortgages held for sale are material, the market prices for each tranche are obtained from both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The market prices represent a delivery price which reflects the underlying price each institution would pay Valley for an immediate sale of an aggregate pool of mortgages. The market prices received from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are then averaged and interpolated or extrapolated, where required, to calculate the fair value of each tranche. Depending upon the time elapsed since the origination of each loan held for sale, non-performance risk and changes therein were addressed in the estimate of fair value based upon the delinquency data provided to both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac for market pricing and changes in market credit spreads. Non-performance risk did not materially impact the fair value of mortgage loans held for sale during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 based on the short duration these assets were held, and the high credit quality of these loans. Junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts. At December 31, 2009, the junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I are reported at fair value using Level 1 inputs, as clarified by the Accounting Standards Update No. 2009-5 under ASC Topic 820 (See Note 1 for more details). The fair value was estimated using quoted prices in active markets for similar assets, specifically the quoted price of the VNB Capital Trust I preferred stock traded under ticker symbol “VLYPRA” on the New York Stock Exchange. Prior to Valley’s adoption of the new authoritative accounting guidance, this valuation technique was considered to have Level 2 inputs based on pre-existing guidance under ASC Topic 820. The preferred stock and Valley’s junior subordinated debentures issued to the Trust have identical financial terms (see details at Note 12) and therefore, the preferred stock’s quoted price moves in a similar manner to the estimated fair value and current settlement price of the junior subordinated debentures. The preferred stock’s quoted price includes market considerations for Valley’s credit and non-performance risk and is deemed to represent the transfer price that would be used if the junior subordinated debenture were assumed by a third party. Valley’s potential credit risk and changes in such risk did not materially impact the fair value measurement of the junior subordinated debentures during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Derivatives. Derivatives are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The fair value of Valley’s interest rate caps and interest rate swap are determined using third party prices that are based on discounted cash flow analyses. The fair value measurement of the interest caps is calculated by discounting the future expected cash receipts that would occur if variable interest rates rise above the strike rate of the caps. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the caps are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observed market interest rate curves and volatilities. The fair value measurement of the interest rate swap is determined by netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on the expectation of future interest rates derived from observed market interest rate curves. The fair values of the derivatives incorporate credit valuation adjustments, which consider the impact of any credit enhancements to the contracts, to account for potential nonperformance risk of Valley and its counterparties. The credit valuation adjustments were not significant to the overall valuation of Valley’s derivatives at December 31, 2009 and 2008. 96 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the year ended December 31, 2009 are summarized below: Balance, beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transfers into Level 3 (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total net gains (losses) for the period included in: 2009 Trading Securities Available For Sale Securities (in thousands) $ — 34,236 $ — 156,820 Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales and settlements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,414 — (5,700) — 22,867 (23,075) Balance, end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,950 $ 156,612 Net unrealized gains (losses) included in net income for the period relating to assets held at December 31, 2009 (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,303(3) $(6,352)(4) (1) The amounts presented as transfers into Level 3 represent the fair value as of the beginning of the periods presented. Amounts represent transfers from Level 2 of trust preferred securities, corporate debt securities and private label mortgage-backed securities for which significant inputs to the valuation became unobservable, largely due to reduced levels of market liquidity. Related gains and losses for the period are included in the above table. (2) Represents net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management's estimates of (3) fair value. Included in trading (losses) gains, net within the non-interest statements of income. income category on the consolidated (4) Represents the net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings for the period. Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). The application of ASC Topic 820 also applies to certain non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, including other real estate owned and other repossessed assets (upon initial recognition or subsequent impairment), goodwill measured at fair value in the second step of a goodwill impairment test, and loan servicing rights, core deposits, other intangible assets, and other long-lived assets measured at fair value for impairment assessment. The following nonrecurring items were adjusted by such fair value measurements during the periods noted. Impaired loans. Certain impaired loans are reported at the fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral and are commonly referred to as “collateral dependent impaired loans.” Collateral values are typically estimated using Level 3 inputs, consisting of individual appraisals that are significantly adjusted based on customized discounting criteria. During the year ended December 31, 2009, collateral dependent impaired loans were individually remeasured and reported at fair value through direct loan charge-offs to the allowance for loan losses and/or a specific valuation allowance allocation based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. During 2009, impaired loans with a carrying value of $22.5 million were reduced by direct loan charge-offs totaling $4.1 million and specific valuation allowance allocations totaling $1.6 million to a reported fair value of $16.8 million based on collateral values utilizing Level 3 valuation inputs. During 2008, impaired loans with a carrying value of $973 thousand were reduced by specific valuation allowance allocations totaling $252 thousand to a reported fair value of $721 thousand based on collateral values utilizing Level 3 valuation inputs. 97 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Loan servicing rights. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, Valley recognized impairment charges on its loan servicing rights totaling $80 thousand and $532 thousand, respectively, through a valuation allowance. Impairment charges are recognized on loan servicing rights when the book value of a risk-stratified group of loan servicing rights exceeds the estimated fair value. Fair values for each group are calculated using a fair value model from a third party vendor that requires inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (Level 3). The fair value model is based on various assumptions, including but not limited to, servicing cost, prepayment speed, internal rate of return, ancillary income, float rate, tax rate, and inflation. A significant degree of judgment is involved in valuing the loan servicing rights using Level 3 inputs. The use of different assumptions could have a significant positive or negative effect on the fair value estimate. Valley’s loan servicing rights had a carrying value of $11.1 million (net of a $612 thousand valuation allowance) at December 31, 2009. See Notes 8 and 9 for further information. Foreclosed assets. During 2009, certain foreclosed assets (consisting of other real estate owned and other repossessed assets), were remeasured and reported at fair value through a charge-off to the allowance for loan losses based upon the fair value of the foreclosed assets. The fair value of a foreclosed asset, upon initial recognition, is typically estimated using Level 3 inputs, consisting of an appraisal that is significantly adjusted based on customized discounting criteria. Other real estate owned and other repossessed assets (consisting entirely of automobiles) measured at fair value upon initial recognition totaled $552 thousand and $11.9 million, respectively, (utilizing Level 3 valuation inputs) during 2009. In connection with the measurement and initial recognition of the aforementioned foreclosed assets, Valley recognized charge-offs of the allowance for loan losses totaling $436 thousand and $11.2 million, respectively. An other repossessed asset, consisting of one aircraft totaling $854 thousand at December 31, 2009, was remeasured at fair value subsequent to initial recognition during 2009. In connection with the remeasurement of the asset, Valley recognized a loss totaling $1.4 million included in non-interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2009. There were no other material fair value adjustments incurred for financial or non-financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. The following table presents the amount of gains and losses from fair value changes included in income before income taxes for financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007: Reported in Consolidated Statements of Condition at: Reported in Consolidated Statements of Income at: Gains (Losses) on Change in Fair Value Years ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Assets: Held to maturity securities Non-Interest Income: Net impairment losses on securities Available for sale securities Trading securities Loans held for sale recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . $ — $ (7,846) $ — Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . Trading (losses) gains, net (1) . . . . . Gains on sales of loans, net (2) . . . . . (6,352) 5,394 8,937 (76,989) (10,883) 1,274 (17,949) 4,651 4,378 Liabilities: Long-term borrowings (3) Junior subordinated debentures issued Non-Interest Expense: Trading (losses) gains, net (4) . . . . . — (1,194) (1,359) to capital trusts Trading (losses) gains, net (4) . . . . . (15,828) 15,243 4,107 $ (7,849) $(80,395) $ (6,172) 98 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) (1) For the year ended December 31, 2007, the gains on change in fair value of trading securities include $4.3 million in gains on the change in fair value of interest rate derivative transactions entered into and terminated during the second quarter of 2007. (2) For the year ended December 31, 2007, the gains on change in fair value of loans held for sale presented exclude net gains of $407 thousand on loans held for sale that were carried at their contractual principal balance during the first quarter of 2007 (i.e., loans excluded from the adoption of the fair value option under ASC Topic 825). At December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, all loans held for sale were carried at fair value. (3) During the second quarter of 2008, Valley prepaid one fixed rate Federal Home Loan Bank advance elected to be carried at fair value which had a $40.0 million contractual principal obligation. No long-term borrowings were carried at fair value at December 31, 2009 or 2008. (4) For the year ended December 31, 2007, the gains on change in fair value of long-term borrowings excludes $276 thousand in prepayment gains for Valley’s early redemption of two fixed rate Federal Home Loan Bank advances carried at fair value during the first quarter of 2007. The prepayment gains were recognized as a reduction in interest on long-term borrowings for the year ended December 31, 2007. ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis. The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis are discussed above. The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial instruments which were carried on the consolidated statements of financial condition at cost or amortized cost are described below. The fair value estimates below made at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were based on pertinent market data and relevant information on the financial instruments at that time. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the entire portfolio of financial instruments. Because no market exists for a portion of the financial instruments, fair value estimates may be based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates. Fair value estimates are based on existing balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. For instance, Valley has certain fee-generating business lines (e.g., its mortgage servicing operation, trust and investment management departments) that were not considered in these estimates since these activities are not financial instruments. In addition, the tax implications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in many of the estimates. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of other financial assets and financial liabilities not already discussed above: Cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits with banks: The carrying amount is considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value. Investment securities held to maturity: Fair values are based on prices obtained through an independent pricing service or dealer market participants which Valley has historically transacted both purchases and sales of investment securities. Prices obtained from these sources include prices derived from market quotations and matrix pricing. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market 99 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things. For certain securities, for which the inputs used by either dealer market participants or independent pricing service were derived from unobservable market information, Valley evaluated the appropriateness and quality of each price. In accordance with Valley’s early adoption of the new authoritative accounting guidance under ASC Topic 820, Valley reviewed the volume and level of activity for all classes of held to maturity securities and attempted to identify transactions which may not be orderly or reflective of a significant level of activity and volume. For securities meeting these criteria, the quoted prices received from either market participants or an independent pricing service may be adjusted, as necessary, to estimate fair value (fair values based on Level 3 inputs). If applicable, the adjustment to fair value was derived based on present value cash flow model projections prepared by Valley utilizing assumptions similar to those incorporated by market participants. Loans: Fair values are estimated by discounting the projected future cash flows using market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest-rate risk inherent in the loan. Projected future cash flows are calculated based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal. Fair values estimated in this manner do not fully incorporate an exit-price approach to fair value, but instead are based on a comparison to current market rates for comparable loans. Accrued interest receivable and payable: The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate their fair value. Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock: The redeemable carrying amount of these securities with limited marketability approximates their fair value. These securities are recorded in other assets on the consolidated statements of financial condition. Deposits: Current carrying amounts approximate estimated fair value of demand deposits and savings accounts. The fair value of time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows using estimated rates currently offered for alternative funding sources of similar remaining maturity. Short-term and long-term borrowings: The fair value is estimated by obtaining quoted market prices of the identical or similar financial instruments when available. The fair value of other long-term borrowings is estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using market discount rates of financial instruments with similar characteristics, terms and remaining maturity. Junior subordinated debentures issued to GCB Capital Trust III: There is no active market for the trust preferred securities issued by GCB Capital Trust III. Therefore, the fair value is estimated utilizing the income approach, whereby the expected cash flows, over the remaining estimated life of the security, are discounted using Valley’s credit spread over the current yield on a similar maturity U.S. Treasury security. Valley’s credit spread was calculated based on Valley’s trust preferred securities issued by VNB Capital Trust I, which are publicly traded in an active market. 100 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows at December 31, 2009 and 2008: Financial assets: 2009 2008 Carrying Amount Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value (in thousands) Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits with banks . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment securities held to maturity . . . . . . . . . . Investment securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . Trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loans held for sale, at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued interest receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 305,678 355,659 1,584,388 1,352,481 32,950 25,492 9,268,081 56,245 $ 305,678 355,659 1,548,006 1,352,481 32,950 25,492 9,233,493 56,245 $ 237,497 343,010 1,154,737 1,435,442 34,236 4,542 10,050,446 57,717 $ 237,497 343,010 1,069,245 1,435,442 34,236 4,542 10,169,298 57,717 139,911 7,124 139,911 7,124 150,476 3,334 150,476 3,334 Financial liabilities: Deposits without stated maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deposits with stated maturities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts (carrying amount includes fair value of $155,893 at December 31, 2009 and $140,065 at December 31, 2008 for VNB Capital Trust I) . . . Accrued interest payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other liabilities* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,464,918 3,082,367 216,147 2,946,320 6,464,918 3,135,611 206,296 3,115,285 5,611,664 3,621,259 640,304 3,008,753 5,611,664 3,681,279 635,767 3,455,381 181,150 7,081 1,018 180,639 7,081 1,018 165,390 32,802 2,008 162,936 32,802 2,008 * Derivative financial instruments are included in this category. Financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk, consisting of loan commitments and standby letters of credit, had immaterial estimated fair values at December 31, 2009 and 2008. Under ASC Topic 825, entities may choose to measure eligible financial instruments at fair value at specified election dates. On January 1, 2007, Valley early adopted the fair value measurement option under ASC Topic 825 to measure residential mortgage loans held for sale and the junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I at fair value as part of its on-going asset/liability management strategy. Valley also elected the fair value option for a small amount of FHLB advances and transferred certain investment securities classified as held to maturity and available for sale to the trading securities portfolio as part of an overall hedging strategy, which also included a series of interest rate derivative transactions totaling $1.0 billion in April 2007. The hedging strategy was terminated in the latter part of the second quarter of 2007 as the derivative transactions did not offset the volatility in the trading securities to the extent expected by Valley. During 2008 and continuing throughout 2009, significant deterioration in the financial markets, including illiquid pricing of several types of investment securities historically traded in by Valley, limited management’s use of the trading securities portfolio. 101 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The following table presents information about the eligible financial assets and liabilities for which Valley elected the fair value measurement option and for which a cumulative effect adjustment was recorded to retained earnings as of January 1, 2007: Assets: Investment securities: Held to maturity (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available for sale, cost of $842,229 (1)(2) Carrying Value Prior to Election at January 1, 2007 ASC 825 Transition Adjustment to Retained Earnings Carrying Value at Fair Value After Adoption at January 1, 2007 (in thousands) $ 498,949 820,532 $ 18,157 21,697 $ 480,792 820,532 Total investment securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,319,481 Loans (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254,356 39,854 8,684 1,301,324 245,672 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liabilities: Long-term borrowings (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I (5) . . . $1,573,837 $ 48,538 $1,546,996 $ 40,000 206,186 $ 2,145 2,391 $ 42,145 208,577 Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 246,186 $ 4,536 $ 250,722 Pre-tax cumulative effect of adoption of new accounting principle under ASC Topic 825 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net unamortized debt issuance costs and loan fees (3)(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax benefit Cumulative effect of adoption of a new accounting principle . . . . . . . $ 53,074 5,579 (15,713) $ 42,940 (1) Selected held to maturity and available for sale securities transferred to the trading securities portfolio at January 1, 2007. (2) The $21.7 million pre-tax charge to retained earnings was reclassified from unrealized losses on securities available for sale included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of a $8.3 million tax benefit at December 31, 2006. (3) Selected mortgage loans were transferred to loans held for sale, effectively, on January 1, 2007. The $8.7 million pre-tax charge to retained earnings excludes $95 thousand in unamortized loan origination fees credited to retained earnings at January 1, 2007. (4) Represents two fixed rate Federal Home Loan Bank advances redeemed on March 19, 2007. (5) The $2.4 million pre-tax charge to retained earnings excludes $5.7 million in unamortized debt issuance costs charged to retained earnings at January 1, 2007. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Note 4) As of December 31, 2009, Valley had approximately $1.6 billion and $1.4 billion in held to maturity and available for sale investment securities, respectively. Valley may be required to record impairment charges on its investment securities if they suffer a decline in value that is considered other-than-temporary. Numerous factors, including lack of liquidity for re-sales of certain investment securities, absence of reliable pricing information for investment securities, adverse changes in business climate, adverse actions by regulators, or unanticipated changes in the competitive environment could have a negative effect on Valley’s investment portfolio and may result in other-than-temporary impairment on certain investment securities in future periods. Valley’s investment portfolios include private mortgage-backed securities, trust preferred securities principally issued by banks (including three pooled securities), perpetual preferred securities issued by banks, equity securities, and bank issued corporate bonds. These investments may pose a higher risk of future impairment charges by Valley as a 102 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) result of the current downturn in the U.S. economy and its potential negative effect on the future performance of these bank issuers and/or the underlying mortgage loan collateral. In addition, many of the bank issuers of trust preferred securities within Valley’s investment portfolio remain participants in the U.S. Treasury’s TARP Capital Purchase Program. For TARP participants, dividend payments to trust preferred security holders are currently senior to and payable before dividends can be paid on the preferred stock issued under the Capital Purchase Program. Some bank trust preferred issuers may elect to defer future payments of interest on such securities either based upon recommendations by the U.S. Government and the banking regulators or management decisions driven by potential liquidity needs. Such elections by issuers of securities within Valley’s investment portfolio could adversely affect securities valuations and result in future impairment charges. Approximately $9.2 million and $133.7 million of the mortgage-backed securities classified as held to maturity and available for sale securities, respectively, were private label mortgage-backed securities at December 31, 2009, while the remainder of the mortgage-backed securities are issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies. The private mortgage-backed securities classified as held to maturity and available for sale securities had gross unrealized losses of $10 thousand and $10.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2009. Held to Maturity The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of securities held to maturity at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows: December 31, 2009 Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Amortized Cost December 31, 2008 Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Fair Value Amortized Cost (in thousands) U.S. government agency securities . . . . $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 24,958 $ 65 $ — $ 25,023 Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . Residential mortgage- 313,360 3,430 (227) 316,563 201,858 2,428 (701) 203,585 backed securities . . . . 936,385 17,970 (413) 953,942 593,275 7,076 (785) 599,566 Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . 281,836 3,832 (59,516) 226,152 281,824 229 (91,151) 190,902 Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . 52,807 907 (2,365) 51,349 52,822 2,547 (5,200) 50,169 Total investment securities held to maturity . . . . . . $1,584,388 $26,139 $(62,521) $1,548,006 $1,154,737 $12,345 $(97,837) $1,069,245 103 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The age of unrealized losses and fair value of related securities held to maturity at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows: Less than Twelve Months December 31, 2009 More than Twelve Months Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses (in thousands) Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . $ 42,507 120,101 10,702 7,206 $ (219) $ (404) (89) (338) 1,305 2,450 121,197 17,926 $ (8) $ 43,812 122,551 (9) 131,899 (59,427) 25,132 (2,027) $ (227) (413) (59,516) (2,365) Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $180,516 $ (1,050) $142,878 $(61,471) $323,394 $(62,521) Less than Twelve Months December 31, 2008 More than Twelve Months Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses (in thousands) Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . $ 27,346 36,985 89,816 29,389 $ (661) $ (785) (24,111) (4,677) 3,853 — 88,642 3,000 $ (40) $ 31,199 36,985 — 178,458 (67,040) 32,389 (523) $ (701) (785) (91,151) (5,200) Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $183,536 $(30,234) $ 95,495 $(67,603) $279,031 $(97,837) The unrealized losses on investment securities held to maturity are primarily due to changes in interest rates (including, in certain cases, changes in credit spreads) and lack of liquidity in the marketplace. The total number of security positions in the securities held to maturity portfolio in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2009 was 79 compared to 87 at December 31, 2008. At December 31, 2009, the unrealized losses reported for trust preferred securities relate to 24 single-issuer securities, mainly issued by bank holding companies. Of the 24 trust preferred securities, 12 are investment grade, 1 was non-investment grade, and 11 are not rated as of December 31, 2009. Additionally, $33.6 million of the $59.5 million in unrealized losses at December 31, 2009 relate to securities issued by one bank holding company with a combined amortized cost of $55.0 million. Valley privately negotiated the purchase of the $55.0 million in trust preferred securities from the bank issuer and holds all of the securities of the two issuances. Typical of most trust preferred issuances, the bank issuer may defer interest payments for up to five years with interest payable on the deferred balance. Beginning in August and October of 2009, the bank issuer elected to defer its scheduled interest payments on both of the security issuances. The bank issuer is currently operating under an agreement with its bank regulators which require, among other things, the issuer to receive permission from the regulators prior to resuming its regularly scheduled payments on both security issuances. However, the issuer’s principal subsidiary bank reported, in its most recent regulatory filing, that it meets the regulatory minimum requirements to be considered a “well-capitalized institution” as of December 31, 2009. Based on this information, management believes that we will receive all principal and interest contractually due on both security issuances. Valley will continue to closely monitor the credit risk of this issuer and we may be required to 104 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) recognize other-than-temporary impairment on such securities in future periods. All other single-issuer bank trust preferred securities classified as held to maturity are paying in accordance with their terms and have no deferrals of interest or defaults. Unrealized losses reported for corporate and other debt securities as of December 31, 2009 relate mainly to one investment rated bank issued corporate bond with a $9.0 million amortized cost and a $1.5 million unrealized loss. The security is paying in accordance with its terms. Additionally, management analyzes the performance of the corporate and other debt issuers on a quarterly basis, including a review of performance data from the issuer’s most recent bank regulatory filings, if applicable, to assess credit risk and the probability of impairment of the contractual cash flows of the applicable security. Based upon management’s quarterly review, all of the issuers have maintained performance levels adequate to support the contractual cash flows of the securities and, if applicable, appear to meet the regulatory minimum requirements to be considered a “well-capitalized” financial institution. Due to an illiquid and inactive market during 2009, Valley used Level 3 fair value measurements for 30 and 7 individual trust preferred securities and corporate bonds, respectively, out of a total of 40 and 12 of such instruments, respectively, classified as held to maturity at December 31, 2009. See Note 3 for further details regarding the valuation techniques used for investment securities. Management does not believe that any individual unrealized loss as of December 31, 2009 included in the table above represents an other-than-temporary impairment as management mainly attributes the declines in value to changes in interest rates and lack of liquidity in the market place, not credit quality or other factors. Based on a comparison of the present value of expected cash flows to the amortized cost, management believes there are no credit losses on these securities. Valley has no intent to sell, nor is it more likely than not that Valley will be required to sell, the securities contained in the table above before the recovery of their amortized cost basis or maturity. At December 31, 2008, Valley recorded $7.8 million of other-than-temporary impairment charges on two of the three pooled trust preferred securities owned by Valley, principally collateralized by securities issued by banks, included in trust preferred securities within the held to maturity portfolio. After the impairment, management no longer had a positive intent to hold the pooled securities to their maturity dates due to the significant deterioration in both issuers’ creditworthiness. As a result and in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we were required to transfer these securities, with a total adjusted carrying value of $1.1 million at the time of transfer, from the held to maturity portfolio to the available for sale portfolio at December 31, 2008. See the “Available for Sale” section below for further discussion of these pooled trust preferred securities. As of December 31, 2009, the fair value of investments held to maturity that were pledged to secure public deposits, repurchase agreements, lines of credit, and for other purposes required by law, was $423.2 million. The contractual maturities of investments in debt securities held to maturity at December 31, 2009 are set forth in the table below. Maturities may differ from contractual maturities in residential mortgage-backed securities because the mortgages underlying the securities may be prepaid without any penalties. Therefore, residential mortgage-backed securities are not included in the maturity categories in the following summary. December 31, 2009 Amortized Cost Fair Value (in thousands) Due in one year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Due after one year through five years . . . . . . . . . . . . . Due after five years through ten years . . . . . . . . . . . . Due after ten years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . $ 136,614 66,055 78,890 366,444 936,385 $ 136,681 66,867 80,530 309,986 953,942 Total investment securities held to maturity . . . . $1,584,388 $1,548,006 105 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Actual maturities of debt securities may differ from those presented above since certain obligations provide the issuer the right to call or prepay the obligation prior to scheduled maturity without penalty. The weighted-average remaining expected life for residential mortgage-backed securities held to maturity was 1.7 years at December 31, 2009 and 16.6 years at December 31, 2008. Available for Sale The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of securities available for sale at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows: December 31, 2009 Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost (in thousands) December 31, 2008 Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value U.S. Treasury securities . . . . . . . . . . $ 277,429 $ — $ (1,144)$ 276,285 $ — $ — $ — $ — U.S. government agency securities . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage- — — — — 101,787 785 (8) 102,564 32,724 722 (35) 33,411 47,371 930 (110) 48,191 backed securities . . . . 911,186 39,537 (10,218) 940,505 1,229,248 21,692 (35,554) 1,215,386 Trust preferred securities* . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . 56,636 117 (20,341) 36,412 49,621 25 (20,299) 29,347 22,578 49,112 198 1,956 (3,734) (4,242) 19,042 46,826 11,919 49,383 — 31 (6,762) (14,617) 5,157 34,797 Total investment securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . $1,349,665 $42,530 $(39,714)$1,352,481 $1,489,329 $23,463 $(77,350)$1,435,442 * Includes three pooled trust preferred securities, principally collateralized by securities issued by banks and insurance companies. 106 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The age of unrealized losses and fair value of related securities available for sale at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows: Less than Twelve Months December 31, 2009 More than Twelve Months Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses $276,285 (in thousands) $ (1,144) $ — $ — $276,285 $ (1,144) 395 11,318 — 1,878 — (4) (245) — (57) — 1,688 122,031 34,622 6,296 35,901 (31) (9,973) (20,341) (3,677) (4,242) 2,083 133,349 34,622 8,174 35,901 (35) (10,218) (20,341) (3,734) (4,242) U.S. Treasury securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $289,876 $ (1,450) $200,538 $(38,264) $490,414 $(39,714) Less than Twelve Months December 31, 2008 More than Twelve Months Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses $ 1,004 $ (in thousands) (8) $ — $ — $ 1,004 $ (8) 3,515 191,002 18,334 1,656 19,815 (109) (24,902) (8,159) (290) (11,092) 856 55,948 8,948 3,500 8,802 (1) (10,652) (12,140) (6,472) (3,525) 4,371 246,950 27,282 5,156 28,617 (110) (35,554) (20,299) (6,762) (14,617) U.S. government agency securities . . . . . . Obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corporate and other debt securities . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $235,326 $(44,560) $ 78,054 $(32,790) $313,380 $(77,350) The total number of security positions in the securities available for sale portfolio in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2009 was 82 compared to 190 at December 31, 2008. The unrealized losses for residential mortgage-backed securities relate primarily to 20 individual private label mortgage-backed securities. Of these securities, 11 securities had investment grade ratings and 9 had a non-investment grade rating at December 31, 2009. Four of the nine non-investment grade securities were found to be other-than-temporarily impaired during 2009 (one security was previously impaired at December 31, 2008) based on management’s impairment analysis. See discussion below for more details regarding our unrealized loss positions at December 31, 2009 and our impairment analysis. Within the residential mortgage-backed securities category of the available for sale portfolio, Valley owns a total of 20 individual private label mortgage-backed securities with a combined amortized cost of $133.7 million and unrealized losses totaling $10.0 million. Valley estimates loss projections for each security by stressing the individual loans collateralizing the security and determining a range of expected default rates, loss severities, and prepayment speeds, in conjunction with the underlying credit enhancement (if applicable) for each security. Based on collateral and origination vintage specific assumptions, a range of possible cash flows was identified to determine whether other-than-temporary impairment existed at December 31, 2009. Generally, the range of expected constant default rates (“CDR”), loss severity rates and constant prepayment rates (“CPR”) used in the modeling scenarios for the 20 private label mortgage-backed securities were as follows: a CDR of 0 percent to 11.9 percent, a loss severity rate of 12.9 percent to 56.6 percent, and a CPR of 0.8 percent to 26.4 percent. 107 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) During 2009, Valley recognized net impairment losses on securities in earnings totaling $5.7 million due to estimated credit losses for other-than-temporarily impaired private label mortgage-backed securities. The net impairment losses recorded during 2009 relate to four private label mortgage-backed securities. One of the four securities was originally found to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2008. Due to Valley’s early adoption of the new authoritative accounting guidance under ASC Topic 320 on January 1, 2009, the amortized cost for this security was increased by a total of $6.2 million at January 1, 2009 for the non-credit portion of the $6.4 million impairment charge taken during the fourth quarter of 2008. In evaluating the range of likely future cash flows for each of the four securities, Valley applied security as well as market specific assumptions, based on the credit characteristics of each security to multiple cash flow models. Multiple present value cash flow analyses were utilized in determining future expected cash flows, in part due to the vast array of assumptions prevalent in the current market and used by market participants in valuing similar type securities. Under certain stress scenarios estimated future losses may arise. For the four securities in which Valley recorded an other-than-temporary impairment, the range of expected default rates, loss severities, prepayment speeds, loan-to-value ratios at origination and FICO scores used in modeling scenarios for the four impaired securities were generally as follows: a CDR of 4.9 percent to 11.9 percent, a loss severity rate of 51.2 percent to 56.6 percent, a CPR of 10.2 percent to 26.4 percent, weighted average loan to value ratios at origination between 59.0 percent to 72.3 percent, and the average portfolio FICO score ranged between 713 and 727 at December 31, 2009. Each security’s cash flows were discounted at the security’s effective interest rate. Although Valley recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges on the securities, each security is currently performing in accordance with its contractual obligations. At December 31, 2009, the unrealized losses for trust preferred securities in the tables above relate to 16 single-issuer bank trust preferred securities and 3 pooled trust preferred securities. All the single-issuer trust preferred securities classified as available for sale had investment grade ratings at December 31, 2009. These single-issuer securities are all paying in accordance with their terms and have no deferrals of interest or defaults. Additionally, as previously noted above, management analyzes the performance of the bank issuers on a quarterly basis, including a review of performance data from the issuer’s most recent bank regulatory report to assess their credit risk and the probability of impairment of the contractual cash flows of the applicable security. Based upon management’s quarterly review, all of the issuers appear to meet the regulatory minimum requirements to be considered a “well-capitalized” financial institution and have maintained performance levels adequate to support the contractual cash flows of the securities. Valley owns three pooled trust preferred securities, collateralized by securities principally issued by banks, with a combined amortized cost and fair value of $25.8 million and $10.9 million, respectively. Two of the three securities were other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2008 (and transferred to the available for sale portfolio as previously mentioned above), and resulted in an impairment charge of $7.8 million to earnings, as each of Valley’s tranches in the two securities had projected cash flows below their future contractual principal and interest payments. Due to Valley’s early adoption of the new authoritative accounting guidance included in ASC Topic 320 on January 1, 2009, the amortized cost amounts for these securities were increased by a total of $7.5 million at January 1, 2009 for the non-credit portion of the $7.8 million impairment charge taken during the fourth quarter of 2008. At December 31, 2009, we recognized additional estimated credit losses of $183 thousand (reclassified from other comprehensive income to earnings) for one of the two previously impaired pooled trust preferred securities as higher default rates decreased the expected future cash flows from the security. This pooled trust preferred security has 66 total issuers, out of which there were 3 banks in default and 15 banks that deferred interest payments. These issuers’ securities collectively amounted to 19.9 percent of the total value of the pooled securities. An additional eight percent of the overall collateral would need to default before Valley’s tranche would experience a break in yield. The other previously impaired pooled trust preferred security has 60 total issuers, out of which there were 7 banks in default and 7 banks that deferred interest payments. These issuers’ securities collectively amounted to 16.4 percent of the total value of the pooled securities. An additional 12 percent of the overall collateral would need to default before the tranche would experience a break in yield. 108 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) After all impairment charges, the two pooled trust preferred securities had a combined amortized cost and fair value of $8.4 million and $705 thousand, respectively, at December 31, 2009. Based upon management’s assessment, the total unrealized loss of $7.7 million on the two securities at December 31, 2009 is solely attributable to factors other than credit. The one other pooled trust preferred security’s rating was downgraded from BBB- to BB- by S&P in March 2009 and from a rating equivalent of AA to A by Moody’s in August 2009 with a stable outlook. The security is performing in accordance with its contractual terms and management has no present intent to sell, nor is it more likely than not that Valley will be required to sell such security before market price recovery, which could be maturity. The overall issuance of approximately $183 million and 40 total issuers includes five banks that deferred interest payments and two banks in default of payment. These issuers’ securities collectively amounted to 14.2 percent of the total value of the pooled securities. An additional 47.5 percent of the overall collateral would need to default before the tranche would experience a break in yield. As part of its impairment analysis, management reviewed the underlying banks’ current financial performance, as well as their participation in the U.S. Treasury’s TARP Capital Purchase Program, if applicable, to assist management in applying the appropriate constant default rate to its cash flow projections for the security. At December 31, 2009, no other-than-temporary impairment was recorded for the security, as Valley’s super senior tranche of this security had projected cash flows no less than their future contractual principal and interest payments. The S&P and Moody’s downgrades to the security’s ratings in March and August 2009, respectively, did not change management’s assessment that the security is temporarily impaired. Unrealized losses reported for corporate and other debt securities relate mostly to one investment rated bank issued corporate bond with a $10.0 million amortized cost and a $3.7 million unrealized loss. The security is paying in accordance with its contractual terms. Additionally, management analyzes the performance of the corporate and other debt issuers on a quarterly basis, including a review of performance data from the issuer’s most recent bank regulatory filings, if applicable, to assess credit risk and the probability of impairment of the contractual cash flows of the applicable security. Based upon management’s quarterly review, all of the issuers have maintained performance levels adequate to support the contractual cash flows of the securities and, if applicable, appear to meet the regulatory minimum requirements to be considered a “well-capitalized” financial institution. The unrealized losses on equity securities, including those more than twelve months, are related primarily to perpetual preferred securities. As allowed under the guidance issued by the Office of the Chief Accountant of the SEC in October 2008, these hybrid investments are assessed for impairment by Valley as if they were debt securities. Therefore, Valley assessed the creditworthiness of each security issuer, as well as any potential change in the anticipated cash flows of the securities as of December 31, 2009. Based on this analysis, management believes the declines in fair value are attributable to a lack of liquidity in the marketplace and are not reflective of any deterioration in the credit worthiness of the issuers. All of the perpetual preferred securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2009 have investment grade ratings and are currently performing and paying quarterly dividends. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, Valley recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges of $434 thousand and $70.6 million, respectively, on equity securities classified as available for sale. The 2009 impairment charge relates to one common equity security issued by a bank with an adjusted carrying value of $723 thousand at December 31, 2009. The impairment was recognized based on the length of time and the severity of the difference between the security’s book value and its observable market price. For the year-ended December 31, 2008, the majority of the impairment charges related to perpetual preferred equity securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac as a significant decline in market value of these securities was caused by the U.S. government placing these entities into conservatorship and suspending their preferred stock dividends during the third quarter of 2008. We also recorded a total of $733 thousand in other-than-temporary impairment charges on three common equity securities and one preferred equity security issued by banks during 2008. 109 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Management does not believe that any individual unrealized loss as of December 31, 2009 represents an other-than-temporary impairment, except for the four private label mortgage-backed securities, one pooled trust preferred security and one equity security discussed above, as management mainly attributes the declines in value to changes in interest rates and recent market volatility, not credit quality or other factors. Based on a comparison of the present value of expected cash flows to the amortized cost, management believes there are no credit losses on these securities. Valley has no intent to sell, nor is it more likely than not that Valley will be required to sell, the securities contained in the table above before the recovery of their amortized cost basis or, if necessary, maturity. As of December 31, 2009, the fair value of securities available for sale that were pledged to secure public deposits, repurchase agreements, lines of credit, and for other purposes required by law, was $662.4 million. The contractual maturities of investments in debt securities available for sale at December 31, 2009, are set forth in the following table. Maturities may differ from contractual maturities in residential mortgage-backed securities because the mortgages underlying the securities may be prepaid without any penalties. Therefore, residential mortgage-backed securities are not included in the maturity categories in the following summary. December 31, 2009 Amortized Cost Fair Value (in thousands) Due in one year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Due after one year through five years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Due after five years through ten years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Due after ten years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 12,270 296,728 10,818 69,551 911,186 49,112 $ 12,417 296,073 10,973 45,687 940,505 46,826 Total investment securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . $1,349,665 $1,352,481 Actual maturities of debt securities may differ from those presented above since certain obligations provide the issuer the right to call or prepay the obligation prior to scheduled maturity without penalty. The weighted-average remaining expected life for residential mortgage-backed securities available for sale at December 31, 2009 and 2008 was 4.6 years and 9.1 years, respectively. Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 are set forth in the following table: 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Held to Maturity: Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ 7,846 $ — Available for sale: Residential mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,735 183 434 6,435 — 70,554 — — 17,949 Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,352 $84,835 $17,949 110 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Gross gains (losses) realized on sales, maturities and other securities transactions related to investment securities included in earnings for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were as follows: Sales transactions: Gross gains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $8,006 (36) $10,326 (5,599) $2,171 (123) 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Maturities and other securities transactions: Gross gains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $7,970 $ 4,727 $2,048 $ $ 79 (44) 35 $ $ 317 (24) 293 $ $ 91 — 91 Gains on securities transactions, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $8,005 $ 5,020 $2,139 During September of 2008, prior to the recognition of the 2008 impairment charges on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac perpetual preferred securities (discussed above), Valley sold 50 percent of its position in one of the Fannie Mae perpetual preferred stocks classified as available for sale and realized a gross loss of $5.4 million included in the table above. This security had a total book value of $9.2 million prior to the date of sale. The following table presents the changes in the credit loss component of the amortized cost of debt securities classified as either held to maturity or available for sale that Valley has written down for such loss as an other-than-temporary impairment recognized in earnings. The credit loss component of the amortized cost represents the difference between the present value of expected future cash flows and the amortized cost basis of the security prior to considering credit losses. The beginning balance represents the credit loss component for debt securities for which other-than-temporary impairment occurred prior to the period presented. Other-than- temporary impairment recognized in earnings in the year ended December 31, 2009, for credit impaired debt securities are presented as additions in two components based upon whether the current period is the first time the debt security was credit impaired (initial credit impairment) or is not the first time the debt security was credit impaired (subsequent credit impairments). The credit loss component is reduced if Valley sells, intends to sell or believes it will be required to sell previously credit impaired debt securities. Additionally, the credit loss component is reduced if (i) Valley receives the cash flows in excess of what it expected to receive over the remaining life of the credit impaired debt security, (ii) the security matures or (iii) the security is fully written down. Changes in the credit loss component of credit impaired debt securities during the year ended December 31, 2009 were as follows: Balance, beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions: 2009 (in thousands) $ 549 Initial credit impairments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subsequent credit impairments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,605 3,747 Reductions: Accretion of credit loss impairment due to an increase in expected cash flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (348) Balance, end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,553 111 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Trading Securities The fair value of trading securities at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows: Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,950 $34,236 Total trading securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $32,950 $34,236 2009 2008 (in thousands) Interest income on trading securities totaled $3.8 million, $8.3 million, and $52.8 million for years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. LOANS (Note 5) The detail of the loan portfolio as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 was as follows: 2009 2008 (in thousands) Commercial and industrial loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,801,251 $ 1,965,372 Mortgage: Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residential mortgage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440,046 1,943,249 3,500,419 Total mortgage loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,883,714 Consumer: Home equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Credit card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566,303 10,025 1,029,958 78,820 Total consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,685,106 510,519 2,269,935 3,324,082 6,104,536 607,700 9,916 1,364,343 91,823 2,073,782 Total loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $9,370,071 $10,143,690 Total loans are net of unearned discount and deferred loan fees totaling $8.7 million and $4.8 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Much of Valley’s lending activity occurs within the State of New Jersey and the New York City metropolitan area. The majority of Valley’s loan portfolio consists of commercial and industrial, commercial real estate, and residential mortgage loans. A prolonged broad-based deterioration in economic conditions within these markets, including a continued decline in real estate values, higher unemployment, and an increase in commercial property vacancies, could have a material adverse impact on the quality of Valley’s loan portfolio. Related Party Loans The Bank’s authority to extend credit to its directors and executive officers, as well as to entities controlled by such persons, is currently governed by the requirements of the National Bank Act, Sarbanes-Oxley Act and Regulation O of the FRB thereunder. Among other things, these provisions require that extensions of credit to insiders (i) be made on terms that are substantially the same as, and follow credit underwriting procedures that are not less stringent than, those prevailing for comparable transactions with unaffiliated persons and that do not 112 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features and (ii) not exceed certain limitations on the amount of credit extended to such persons, individually and in the aggregate, which limits are based, in part, on the amount of the Bank’s capital. In addition, extensions of credit in excess of certain limits must be approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors. Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Valley and its subsidiaries, other than the Bank, may not extend or arrange for any personal loans to its directors and executive officers. The following table summarizes the change in the total amounts of loans and advances to directors, executive officers, and their affiliates during the year ended December 31, 2009, adjusted for changes in directors, executive officers and their affiliates: Outstanding at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New loans and advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Repayments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales of loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 (in thousands) $133,015 55,496 (20,733) (842) Outstanding at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $166,936 All loans to related parties are performing as of December 31, 2009. Asset Quality The outstanding balances of loans that are 90 days or more past due as to principal or interest payments and still accruing, non-performing assets, and troubled debt restructured loans at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were as follows: 2009 2008 (in thousands) Loans past due in excess of 90 days and still accruing . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,125 $15,557 Non-accrual loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other real estate owned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other repossessed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $91,964 3,869 2,565 $33,073 8,278 4,317 Total non-performing assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $98,398 $45,668 Troubled debt restructured loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19,072 $ 7,628 If interest on non-accrual loans had been accrued in accordance with the original contractual terms, such interest income would have amounted to approximately $6.5 million, $2.7 million and $2.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively; none of these amounts were included in interest income during these periods. Interest income recognized on loans once classified as non-accrual loans totaled $3 thousand, $9 thousand and $45 thousand for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Information about impaired loans as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 follows: Impaired loans for which there was a specific related allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other impaired loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $45,986 28,554 $10,491 11,882 Total impaired loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $74,540 $22,373 Related allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 7,314 $ 2,104 2009 2008 (in thousands) 113 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The average balance of impaired loans during 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $49.8 million, $25.3 million and $23.8 million, respectively. The amount of interest that would have been recorded under the original terms for impaired loans was $3.1 million for 2009, $984 thousand for 2008, and $1.3 million for 2007. Interest was not collected on these impaired loans during these periods. ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Note 6) Transactions recorded in the allowance for credit losses during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were as follows: Beginning balance—Allowance for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . Less net charge-offs: Loans charged-off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charged-off loans recovered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net charge-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions from acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision charged for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 2008 2007 $ 94,738 (in thousands) $ 74,935 $ 74,718 (42,465) 3,390 (39,075) — 47,992 (22,663) 2,774 (19,889) 11,410 28,282 (15,135) 3,477 (11,658) — 11,875 Ending balance—Allowance for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . $103,655 $ 94,738 $ 74,935 Components of allowance for credit losses: Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reserve for unfunded letters of credit 101,990 1,665 93,244 1,494 72,664 2,271 Allowance for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $103,655 $ 94,738 $ 74,935 Components of provision for credit losses: Provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for unfunded letters of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,821 171 29,059 (777) 12,751 (876) Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 47,992 $ 28,282 $ 11,875 PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT, NET (Note 7) At December 31, 2009 and 2008, premises and equipment, net consisted of: 2009 2008 (in thousands) Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Furniture and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 56,304 180,609 58,215 163,109 $ 58,398 176,630 48,885 151,706 Accumulated depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458,237 (191,836) 435,619 (179,276) Total premises and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 266,401 $ 256,343 Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment included in non-interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 amounted to approximately $15.3 million, $14.7 million and $15.3 million, respectively. 114 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) LOAN SERVICING (Note 8) VNB Mortgage Services, Inc. (“MSI”), a subsidiary of the Bank, is a servicer of residential mortgage loan portfolios. MSI is compensated for loan administrative services performed for mortgage servicing rights purchased in the secondary market and loans originated and sold by the Bank. The aggregate principal balances of mortgage loans serviced by MSI for others approximated $1.3 billion, $1.2 billion and $1.3 billion at December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The outstanding balance of loans serviced for others is not included in the consolidated statements of financial condition. The Bank is a servicer of SBA loans, and is compensated for loan administrative services performed for SBA loans originated and sold by the Bank. The Bank serviced a total of $37.8 million, $47.4 million and $52.6 million of SBA loans at December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, for third-party investors. The outstanding balance of SBA loans serviced for others is not included in the consolidated statements of financial condition. The unamortized costs associated with acquiring loan servicing rights are included in other intangible assets in the consolidated statements of financial condition. The following table summarizes the change in loan servicing rights during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007: 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Loan servicing rights: Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase and origination of loan servicing rights . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,824 5,012 (3,114) $12,191 990 (3,357) $13,810 2,345 (3,964) Balance at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $11,722 $ 9,824 $12,191 Valuation allowance: Balance at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impairment adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (532) (80) $ — (532) $ — — Balance at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (612) $ (532) $ — Balance at end of year net of valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . $11,110 $ 9,292 $12,191 Loan servicing rights are accounted for using the amortization method. See the “Loan Servicing Rights” sections of Notes 1 and 3 above for further details. Based on market conditions at December 31, 2009, amortization expense related to the loan servicing rights is expected to aggregate approximately $9.1 million through 2014. 115 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Note 9) The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill as allocated to our business segments, or reporting units thereof, for goodwill impairment analysis were: Business Segment / Reporting Unit*: Wealth Management Consumer Lending Commercial Lending Investment Management Total Balance at December 31, 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill related to bank subsidiary sold . . . . . . Goodwill from business combinations . . . . . . . . Balance at December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill from business combinations . . . . . . . . $18,192 (100) 93 18,185 793 $54,537 — 39,103 93,640 165 (in thousands) $ 57,020 — 50,736 107,756 213 $50,086 — 25,479 75,565 107 $179,835 (100) 115,411 295,146 1,278 Balance at December 31, 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $18,978 $93,805 $107,969 $75,672 $296,424 * Valley’s Wealth Management Division is comprised of trust, asset management, and insurance services. This reporting unit is included in the Consumer Lending segment for financial reporting purposes. During 2009, Valley recorded $726 thousand in goodwill in connection with the acquisition of Samuel M. Berman Company, Inc by a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Bank, $485 thousand in goodwill related to a valuation adjustment of certain deferred tax assets acquired from Greater Community on July 1, 2008, and $67 thousand in goodwill from an earn-out payment resulting from an acquisition by Valley in 2006. The earn-out payment was based upon predetermined profitability targets in accordance with the merger agreement. During 2008, we recorded $115.3 million in goodwill in connection with the acquisition of Greater Community and $93 thousand in goodwill from an earn-out payment resulting from the acquisition by Valley in 2006. During 2007, Valley recorded a $2.3 million goodwill impairment charge due to its decision to sell its broker-dealer subsidiary, Glen Rauch Securities, Inc. On March 31, 2008, Valley sold the broker-dealer subsidiary resulting in $100 thousand reduction in goodwill during the first quarter of 2008. See Note 2 for further details on this transaction. No impairment losses on goodwill or intangibles, except for loan servicing rights, were incurred in the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. 116 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The following table summarizes other intangible assets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008: Gross Intangible Assets Accumulated Amortization Valuation Allowance (in thousands) Net Intangible Assets December 31, 2009 Loan servicing rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other $ 70,885 25,584 4,057 $(59,163) (13,859) (2,587) $(612) — — $11,110 11,725 1,470 Total other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $100,526 $(75,609) $(612) $24,305 December 31, 2008 Loan servicing rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Core deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other $ 66,624 38,177 5,792 $(56,800) (23,028) (4,279) $(532) — — $ 9,292 15,149 1,513 Total other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $110,593 $(84,107) $(532) $25,954 Core deposits are amortized using an accelerated method and have a weighted average amortization period of 10 years. The column labeled “Other” included in the table below consists of customer lists and covenants not to compete, which are amortized over their expected life using a straight line method and have a weighted average amortization period of 13 years. We recognized amortization expense on other intangible assets, including net impairment charges on loan servicing rights, of $6.9 million, $7.2 million, and $7.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. The following presents the estimated amortization expense of other intangible assets over the next five year period: 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loan Servicing Rights Core Deposits (in thousands) $2,985 2,544 2,104 1,663 1,223 $2,907 2,298 1,659 1,278 940 Other $303 268 251 148 84 DEPOSITS (Note 10) Included in time deposits at December 31, 2009 and 2008 are certificates of deposit over $100 thousand of $1.4 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively. Interest expense on time deposits of $100 thousand or more totaled approximately $15.3 million, $37.8 million and $57.8 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The scheduled maturities of time deposits as of December 31, 2009 are as follows (in thousands): 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thereafter $2,226,149 326,530 196,869 79,957 120,741 132,121 Total time deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $3,082,367 117 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Deposits from certain directors, executive officers and their affiliates totaled $68.9 million and $57.4 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. BORROWED FUNDS (Note 11) Short-term borrowings at December 31, 2009 and 2008 consisted of the following: Securities sold under agreements to repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FHLB advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Treasury tax and loan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $206,542 — 9,605 $335,510 300,000 4,794 Total short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $216,147 $640,304 2009 2008 (in thousands) The weighted average interest rate for short-term borrowings at December 31, 2009 and 2008 was 0.64 percent and 1.99 percent, respectively. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, long-term borrowings consisted of the following: FHLB advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Securities sold under agreements to repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subordinated debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,189,358 655,000 100,000 1,962 $2,214,784 689,000 100,000 4,969 Total long-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,946,320 $3,008,753 2009 2008 (in thousands) The FHLB advances included in long-term debt had a weighted average interest rate of 4.20 percent at December 31, 2009 and 4.21 percent at December 31, 2008. These advances are secured by pledges of FHLB stock, mortgage-backed securities and a blanket assignment of qualifying residential mortgage loans. Interest expense of $93.7 million, $92.8 million, and $69.9 million was recorded on FHLB advances during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The FHLB advances are scheduled for repayment as follows (in thousands): 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thereafter $ 62,693 122,475 28,320 1,102 102 1,974,666 Total long-term FHLB advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,189,358 The majority of the long-term FHLB advances are callable by the issuer for redemption prior to their scheduled maturity date. Advances with scheduled maturities beyond 2014 reported in the table above include $1.6 billion in advances which are callable during 2010 and have interest rates ranging from 2.27 percent to 4.99 percent. 118 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The securities sold under repurchase agreements to FHLB and other counterparties included in long-term debt totaled $655.0 million and $689.0 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The weighted average interest rate for this debt was 4.27 percent and 4.21 percent at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Interest expense of $28.9 million, $28.0 million, and $26.6 million was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The schedule for repayment is as follows (in thousands): 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — 85,000 — — — 570,000 Total long-term securities sold under agreements to repurchase . . . . . . . . . . $655,000 On July 13, 2005, the Bank issued $100 million of 5.0 percent subordinated notes due July 15, 2015 with no call dates or prepayments allowed. Interest on the subordinated notes is payable semi-annually in arrears at an annual rate of 5.0 percent on January 15 and July 15 of each year. The fair market value of securities pledged to secure public deposits, treasury tax and loan deposits, repurchase agreements, lines of credit, FHLB advances and for other purposes required by law approximated $1.1 billion and $1.4 billion at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES ISSUED TO CAPITAL TRUSTS (Note 12) Valley established VNB Capital Trust I, a statutory trust, for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and related trust common securities. The proceeds from such issuances were used by the trust to purchase an equivalent amount of junior subordinated debentures of Valley. GCB Capital Trust III was established by Greater Community prior to Valley’s acquisition of Greater Community, and the junior subordinated notes issued by Greater Community to GCB Capital Trust III were assumed by Valley upon completion of the acquisition on July 1, 2008. The junior subordinated debentures, the sole assets of the trusts, are unsecured obligations of Valley, and are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all present and future senior and subordinated indebtedness and certain other financial obligations of Valley. Valley wholly owns all of the common securities of each trust. The trust preferred securities, qualify, and are treated by Valley as Tier I regulatory capital. Valley elected to measure the junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I at fair value on January 1, 2007. Net trading gains (losses) included non-cash losses of $15.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 and non-cash gains of $15.2 million and $4.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, for the change in the fair value of the junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I. 119 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The table below summarizes the outstanding junior subordinated debentures and the related trust preferred securities issued by each trust as of December 31, 2009: Junior Subordinated Debentures: Carrying value (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contractual principal balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annual interest rate (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stated maturity date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Initial call date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust Preferred Securities: Face value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annual distribution rate (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Issuance date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distribution dates (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 31, 2009 VNB Capital Trust I GCB Capital Trust III $ $ ($ in thousands) 155,893 157,024 $ $ 7.75% 25,257 24,743 6.96% December 15, 2031 November 7, 2006 July 30, 2037 July 30, 2017 $ 152,313 $ 7.75% November 2001 Quarterly 24,000 6.96% July 2007 Quarterly (1) The carrying value for GCB Capital Trust III includes an unamortized purchase accounting premium of (2) $514 thousand. Interest on GCB Capital Trust III is fixed until July 30, 2017, then resets to 3-month LIBOR plus 1.4 percent. The annual interest rate excludes the effect of the purchase accounting adjustments. (3) All cash distributions are cumulative. The junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I and GCB Capital Trust III had total carrying values of $140.1 million and $25.3 million, respectively, and total contractual principal balances of $157.0 million and $24.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008. The trust preferred securities issued by VNB Capital Trust I and GCB Capital Trust III had total face values of $152.3 million and $24.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2008. The trusts’ ability to pay amounts due on the trust preferred securities is solely dependent upon Valley the junior making payments on the related junior subordinated debentures. Valley’s obligation under subordinated debentures and other relevant trust agreements, in aggregate, constitutes a full and unconditional guarantee by Valley of the trusts’ obligations under the trust preferred securities issued. Under the junior subordinated debenture agreements, Valley has the right to defer payment of interest on the debentures and, therefore, distributions on the trust preferred securities, for up to five years, but not beyond the stated maturity date in the table above. Currently, Valley has no intention to exercise its right to defer interest payments on the debentures. The trust preferred securities are subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, upon repayment of the junior subordinated debentures at the stated maturity date or upon an earlier call date for redemption at par. The junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I are currently callable by Valley. Valley’s Board of Directors has granted management authorization to call, from time to time, all or part of the remaining junior subordinated debentures issued to VNB Capital Trust I for redemption prior to their stated maturity date of December 15, 2031. During the third quarter of 2008, Valley purchased, transactions, approximately 307 thousand trust preferred securities issued by VNB Capital Trust I for $7.3 million at an average cost of $23.64 per share. These 307 thousand preferred securities and approximately 10 thousand of the trust’s common in open market 120 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) securities held by Valley were surrendered to and cancelled by the trust in exchange for the redemption of 317 thousand junior subordinated debentures with a total par value of $7.9 million. As a result of the redemption, Valley recognized a $417 thousand gain within the other non-interest income category of the consolidated statements of income during the third quarter of 2008. The trust preferred securities described above are included in Valley’s consolidated Tier 1 capital and total capital at December 31, 2009 and 2008. In March 2005, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System issued a final rule allowing bank holding companies to continue to include qualifying trust preferred capital securities in their Tier 1 capital for regulatory capital purposes, subject to a 25 percent limitation to all core (Tier 1) capital elements, net of goodwill less any associated deferred tax liability. The amount of trust preferred securities and certain other elements in excess of the limit could be included in total capital, subject to restrictions. The final rule originally provided a five-year transition period, ending March 31, 2009, for application of the aforementioned quantitative limitation, however, in March 2009, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Board voted to delay the effective date until March 2011. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, 100 percent of the trust preferred securities qualified as Tier I capital under the final rule adopted in March 2005. BENEFIT PLANS (Note 13) Pension Plan Valley National Bank has a non-contributory defined benefit plan (“qualified plan”) covering substantially all of its employees. The benefits are based upon years of credited service and the employee’s highest average compensation as defined. It is the Bank’s funding policy to contribute annually an amount that can be deducted for federal income tax purposes. Additionally, the Bank has a supplemental non-qualified, non-funded retirement plan (“non-qualified plan”) which is designed to supplement the pension plan for key officers. The following table sets forth the change in projected benefit obligation, the change in fair value of plan assets and the funded status and amounts recognized in Valley’s financial statements for the qualified and non-qualified plans at December 31, 2009 and 2008: Change in projected benefit obligation: Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plan amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Actuarial (gain) loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 2008 (in thousands) $ 90,429 5,216 5,059 221 (440) (2,953) $ 80,855 4,590 4,794 301 2,594 (2,705) Projected benefit obligation at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 97,532 $ 90,429 Change in fair value of plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Actual return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employer contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 60,673 11,172 5,113 (2,953) $ 69,676 (11,403) 5,105 (2,705) Fair value of plan assets at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 74,005 $ 60,673 Funded Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(23,527) $(29,756) Liability recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(23,527) $(29,756) Accumulated benefit obligation at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 86,377 $ 79,731 121 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Amounts recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of year-end that have not been recognized as a component of net periodic pension expense of Valley’s qualified and non-qualified plans are presented in the following table. Valley expects to recognize approximately $1.1 million of the net actuarial loss and $641 thousand of prior service cost reported in the following table as of December 31, 2009 as a component of net periodic pension expense during 2010. Net actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred tax benefit $ 26,176 2,981 (12,224) $ 32,608 3,399 (15,107) Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 16,933 $ 20,900 2009 2008 (in thousands) The Bank’s non-qualified plan has an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets as follows: Projected benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,090 9,702 — $9,739 9,396 — 2009 2008 (in thousands) In determining rate assumptions, management looks to current rates on fixed-income corporate debt securities that receive a rating of Aa3 or higher from Moody’s. The weighted average discount rate and rate of increase in future compensation levels used in determining the actuarial present value of benefit obligations for the qualified and non-qualified plans as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 were: Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future compensation increase rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.00% 5.75% 3.50 3.50 2009 2008 Components of net periodic pension expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 are as follows: Service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest cost Expected return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recognized prior service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recognized actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 2008 2007 $ 5,216 5,059 (6,040) 640 858 (in thousands) $ 4,590 4,794 (5,900) 597 371 $ 4,393 4,383 (5,370) 546 268 Total net periodic pension expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5,733 $ 4,452 $ 4,220 122 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income are as follows: Net actuarial (gain) loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of prior service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 2008 (in thousands) $(5,572) 221 (640) (858) $19,897 301 (597) (371) Total recognized in other comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(6,849) $19,230 Total recognized in net periodic pension expense and other comprehensive income (before tax) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(1,116) $23,682 The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid: 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 to 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 (in thousands) $ 4,179 4,580 4,963 5,207 5,841 34,209 The weighted average discount rate, expected long-term rate of return on assets and rate of compensation increase used in determining Valley’s pension expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 were: Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected long-term return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate of compensation increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.75% 6.00% 6.00% 8.50 8.00 3.75 3.50 8.50 3.75 2009 2008 2007 The expected rate of return on plan assets assumption is based on the concept that it is a long-term assumption independent of the current economic environment and changes would be made in the expected return only when long-term inflation expectations change, asset allocations change or when asset class returns are expected to change for the long-term. The 2009 expected return was adjusted downward in light of the severe negative impact of the financial crisis beginning in 2008 on the fair value of the qualified plan assets and the asset classes available for investment and the expectation of future increases in inflationary pressure. 123 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Valley’s qualified plan weighted-average asset allocations at December 31, 2009 and 2008, by asset category were as follows: Common stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Treasury securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mutual Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Money market funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. government agency securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 2008 43% 34% 17 19 10 5 4 2 19 18 8 15 4 2 Total investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100% 100% In accordance with Section 402 (c) of ERISA, the qualified plan’s investment managers are granted full discretion to buy, sell, invest and reinvest the portions of the portfolio assigned to them consistent with Valley’s Pension Committee’s policy and guidelines. The target asset allocation set for the qualified plan are in equity securities ranging from 25 percent to 65 percent and fixed income securities ranging from 35 percent to 75 percent. The absolute investment objective for the equity portion is to earn at least 7 percent cumulative annual real return, after adjustment by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), over rolling five-year periods, while the relative objective is to be above the S&P 500 Index over rolling three-year periods. For the fixed income portion, the absolute objective is to earn at least a 3 percent cumulative annual real return, after adjustment by the CPI over rolling five-year periods with a relative objective of above the Merrill Lynch Intermediate Government/ Corporate Index over rolling three-year periods. Cash equivalents will be invested in money market funds or in other high quality instruments approved by the Trustees of the qualified plan. In general, the plan assets of the qualified plan are investment securities that are well-diversified in terms of industry, capitalization and asset class. The plan assets are mostly a conservative mix of U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. government agency securities, mutual funds primarily indexed to the performance of Fortune 500 U.S. companies, high quality corporate bonds, various types of domestic and foreign common equity securities, trust preferred securities (mainly issued by VNB Capital Trust I—see Note 12), and a U.S. Treasury based money market fund. The qualified plan’s exposure to a concentration of credit risk is limited by the Bank’s Pension Committee’s diversification of the investments into various investment options with multiple asset managers. The Pension Committee engages an investment management advisory firm that regularly monitors the performance of the asset managers and ensures they are within compliance of the policies adopted by the Trustees. If the risk profile and overall return of assets managed are not in line with the risk objectives or expected return benchmarks for the qualified plan, the advisory firm may recommend the termination of an asset manager to the Pension Committee. 124 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The following table presents the qualified plan assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy under ASC Topic 820. Financial assets are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. See Note 3 for further details regarding the fair value hierarchy. Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using: Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) December 31, 2009 (in thousands) Assets: Investments: Common stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. Treasury securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mutual Funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Money market funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. government agency securities . . . . . . . . . . Trust preferred securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $31,760 12,818 13,889 7,463 3,323 3,095 1,657 Total investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $74,005 $31,760 12,818 — 7,463 3,323 — 1,657 $57,021 $ — — 13,889 — — 3,095 — $16,984 $— — — — — — — $— Common stocks, U.S. Treasury securities, mutual funds, money market funds, and trust preferred securities are reported at fair value in the table above utilizing exchange quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments (Level 1 inputs). Bond and U.S. government agency securities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The prices for these instruments are derived from market quotations and matrix pricing obtained through an independent pricing service. Such fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the U.S. Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information and the bond’s terms and conditions, among other things. The qualified plan held 62,752 shares of VNB Capital Trust I preferred securities at December 31, 2009 and 2008. These shares had fair values of approximately $1.6 million and $1.4 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Dividends received on Valley trust preferred shares were $122 thousand for each of the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Valley expects to contribute approximately $5.0 million to the qualified plan during 2010 based upon actuarial estimates. Director Plans Valley maintains a non-qualified, non-funded directors’ retirement plan. The projected benefit obligation and discount rate used to compute the obligation was approximately $1.8 million and 6.00 percent, respectively, at December 31, 2009, and $1.8 million and 5.75 percent, respectively, at December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the entire obligation was included in other liabilities and $434 thousand (net of a $234 thousand tax benefit) and $454 thousand (net of a $245 thousand tax benefit), respectively, were recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. An expense of $250 thousand, $225 thousand and $240 thousand has been recognized for the Directors’ retirement plan in the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Valley also maintains non-qualified plans for former directors of banks acquired, as well as a non-qualified plan for former senior management of Merchants Bank of New York acquired in January of 2001. Valley did not 125 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) merge these plans into its existing non-qualified plans. Collectively, at December 31, 2009 and 2008, the remaining obligations under these plans were $8.5 million and $10.3 million, respectively, of which $5.5 million and $7.1 million, respectively, were funded. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the entire obligations were included in other liabilities and $1.8 million (net of a $1.3 million tax benefit) and $1.9 million (net of a $1.3 million tax benefit), respectively, were recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The $1.8 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss will be reclassified to expense on a straight-line basis over the remaining benefit periods of these non-qualified plans. Bonus Plan Valley National Bank and its subsidiaries award incentive and merit bonuses to its officers and employees based upon a percentage of the covered employees’ compensation as determined by the achievement of certain performance objectives. Amounts charged to salary expense were $2.4 million, $6.4 million and $6.3 million during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. This Act and the regulations issued by the U.S. Treasury under the Act, among other things, prohibited the payment or accrual of any bonus, retention award or incentive compensation to any of the five highest paid executive officers of Valley named in Valley’s most recent Proxy Statement and its next 10 most highly compensated employees during the period when the U.S. Treasury owned any debt or equity securities (excluding warrants) issued by Valley under the TARP Capital Purchase Program. The prohibition exempted awards of long-term restricted stock that did not exceed one-third of the total annual compensation of the executive and were subject to certain vesting restrictions and clawback provisions. The prohibition ceased to apply to Valley on December 23, 2009 after Valley repurchased the remaining senior preferred shares issued to U.S. Treasury under the Capital Purchase Program. Savings Plan Valley National Bank maintains a KSOP defined as a 401(k) plan with an employee stock ownership feature. This plan covers eligible employees of the Bank and its subsidiaries and allows employees to contribute a percentage of their salary, with the Bank matching a certain percentage of the employee contribution in cash and invested in accordance with each participants’ investment elections. The Bank recorded $1.4 million in expense for contributions to the plan for the year ended December 31, 2009 and $1.3 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. Stock-Based Compensation Valley currently has one active employee stock option plan, the 2009 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan (the “2009 LTSIP”), adopted by Valley’s Board of Directors on November 17, 2008 and was approved by its shareholders on April 14, 2009. The 2009 LTSIP replaced the 1999 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan which expired on January 19, 2009, with approximately 1.7 million unissued shares remaining. The 2009 LTSIP is administered by the Compensation and Human Resources Committee (the “Committee”) appointed by Valley’s Board of Directors. The Committee can grant awards to officers and key employees of Valley. The purpose of the 2009 LTSIP is to provide additional incentive to officers and key employees of Valley and its subsidiaries whose substantial contributions are essential to the continued growth and success of Valley, and to attract and retain competent and dedicated officers and other key employees whose efforts will result in the continued and long-term growth of Valley’s business. Under the 2009 LTSIP, Valley may award shares to its employees for up to 6.4 million shares of common stock in the form of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights and restricted 126 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) stock awards. The essential features of each award are described in the award agreement relating to that award. The grant, exercise, vesting, settlement or payment of an award may be based upon the fair value of Valley’s common stock on the last sale price reported for Valley’s common stock on such date or on the last date proceeding such date on which a sale was reported. An incentive stock option’s maximum term to exercise is 10 years from the date of grant and is subject to a vesting schedule. Valley recorded stock-based employee compensation expense for incentive stock options and restricted stock awards of $4.9 million, $5.4 million and $5.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These expenses included $599 thousand, $1.1 million and $143 thousand, respectively, which was immediately recognized for stock awards granted to retirement eligible employees. The fair values of all the unrecognized other stock awards are expensed over the vesting period. As of December 31, 2009, amortization expense for all stock-based employee compensation totaled approximately $7.1 million and will be recognized over an average remaining vesting period of approximately 2.4 years. Stock Options. The fair value of each option granted on the date of grant is estimated using a binomial option pricing model. The results are based on assumptions for dividend yield based on the annual dividend rate; stock volatility, based on Valley’s historical and implied stock price volatility; risk free interest rates, based on the U.S. Treasury constant maturity bonds, in effect on the actual grant dates, with remaining term of approximately the same as the expected term of the options; and expected exercise term calculated based on Valley’s historical exercise experience. Stock-based employee compensation cost under the fair value method was measured using the following weighted-average assumptions for stock options granted in 2009, 2008, and 2007: 2009 2008 2007 Risk-free interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected term (in years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 - 4.0% 1.1 - 4.0% 3.4 - 5.1% 4.3% 21.0% 7.3 4.5% 24.0% 6.7 4.5% 24.0% 6.7 A summary of stock options activity as of December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and changes during the years ended on those dates is presented below: 2009 2008 2007 Stock Options Outstanding at beginning of year . . . . . . Granted* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forfeited or expired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shares 3,353,305 7,575 (5,000) (193,148) Outstanding at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . 3,162,732 Exercisable at year-end . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,574,162 Weighted-average fair value of options Weighted Average Exercise Price $19 12 12 16 20 20 Weighted Average Exercise Price $19 17 15 18 19 19 Weighted Average Exercise Price $19 18 14 20 19 18 Shares 3,828,690 274,605 (307,616) (55,536) 3,740,143 2,570,435 Shares 3,740,143 217,565 (498,640) (105,763) 3,353,305 2,396,913 granted during the year . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2.63 $ 2.63 $ 2.90 * During 2009, all stock options granted were to non-executive officers and employees. 127 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The total intrinsic values of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 were $9 thousand, $2.9 million and $2.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there was $1.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options to be amortized over an average remaining vesting period of approximately 2.2 years. Cash received from stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $61 thousand, $7.3 million and $4.3 million, respectively. Treasury stock and available authorized common shares were issued for stock options exercised. The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2009: Options Outstanding Options Exercisable Range of Exercise Prices $ 11 - 16 16 - 18 18 - 20 20 - 22 22 - 24 11 - 24 Number Outstanding 82,084 442,681 915,887 506,654 1,215,426 3,162,732 Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life in Years 1.6 4.5 3.7 5.7 5.3 4.7 Weighted Average Exercise Price $14 16 18 20 22 20 Number Exercisable 73,932 274,114 784,038 409,948 1,032,130 2,574,162 Weighted Average Exercise Price $14 16 18 20 22 20 As of December 31, 2009, the aggregate intrinsic value of options exercisable was $27 thousand, with a weighted average remaining contractual term of 4.1 years. As of December 31, 2009, the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding was $43 thousand. Restricted Stock. Restricted stock is awarded to key employees providing for the immediate award of our common stock subject to certain vesting and restrictions under the 2009 LTSIP. Compensation expense is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the shares and is amortized into salary expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The following table sets forth the changes in restricted stock awards outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007: Restricted Stock Awards Outstanding 2009 2008 2007 Outstanding at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forfeited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516,759 158,405 (184,550) (10,872) 424,985 257,419 (152,969) (12,676) 471,975 108,199 (147,248) (7,941) Outstanding at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479,742 516,759 424,985 The amount of compensation costs related to restricted stock awards included in salary expense amounted to $3.9 million, $4.0 million and $3.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there was $5.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted shares to be amortized over the weighted average remaining vesting period of approximately 2.4 years. In 2005, Valley’s shareholders approved the 2004 Director Restricted Stock Plan. The plan provides the non-employee members of the Board of Directors with the opportunity to forego some or all of their annual cash retainer and meeting fees in exchange for shares of Valley restricted stock. There were 20,479 shares, 23,072 shares, and 21,870 shares granted for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there were 103,178 shares outstanding under this plan. 128 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) INCOME TAXES (Note 14) Income tax expense consists of the following for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007: Current expense: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) $ 49,790 12,592 $ 38,876 12,014 $ 63,445 8,591 62,382 50,890 72,036 Deferred benefit: Federal and State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (10,898) (33,956) (20,338) Total income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 51,484 $ 16,934 $ 51,698 The tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to the significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows: 2009 2008 (in thousands) Deferred tax assets: Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State net operating loss carryforwards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 42,466 4,056 8,368 8,270 40,863 45,228 23,090 $ 39,070 5,455 11,560 7,606 62,296 36,573 26,533 Total deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172,341 189,093 Deferred tax liabilities: Purchase accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,562 33,300 37,862 5,774 33,164 38,938 Net deferred tax asset (included in other assets) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $134,479 $150,155 Valley’s state net operating loss carryforwards totaled approximately $773 million at December 31, 2009 and expire during the period from 2012 through 2029. Valley’s capital loss carryforwards totaled approximately $7.7 million at December 31, 2009 and expire during the period from 2010 through 2014. Based upon taxes paid and projections of future taxable income, both capital and ordinary, over the periods in which the net deferred tax assets are deductible, management believes that it is more likely than not that Valley will realize the benefits of these deductible differences and loss carryforwards. 129 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Reconciliation between the reported income tax expense and the amount computed by multiplying consolidated income before taxes by the statutory federal income tax rate of 35 percent follows: Federal income tax at expected statutory rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Decrease) increase due to: Tax-exempt interest, net of interest incurred to carry tax-exempt securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State income tax benefit, net of federal tax effect . . . . . . . . . . . Low-income housing tax credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reduction of valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other, net 2009 2008 2007 $58,641 (in thousands) $38,684 $71,724 (3,257) (1,995) (4) (2,632) — 731 (3,359) (3,558) (6,586) (2,389) (6,538) 680 (3,808) (4,041) (7,676) (2,242) — (2,259) Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $51,484 $16,934 $51,698 A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets of $6.5 million at December 31, 2007 was reduced to zero (as reflected in the table above) during the year ended December 31, 2008. The $6.5 million decrease in the valuation allowance during 2008 resulted from management’s identification of a qualifying tax-planning strategy allowing the use of Valley’s capital loss carryforwards. The qualifying tax planning strategy identified by management is 1) prudent and feasible, 2) a strategy that Valley has the intent and ability to implement, and 3) a strategy that would result in the future realization of the capital loss carryforwards. A reconciliation of Valley’s gross unrecognized tax benefits for 2009 and 2008 is presented in the table below: Beginning Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additions based on tax positions related to the current year . . . . . . . . Additions based on tax positions related to prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . Reductions due to expiration of statute of limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 2008 (In thousands) $21,261 484 762 (542) $19,256 79 2,473 (547) Ending Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $21,965 $21,261 The total amount of net unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2009 that, if recognized, would affect the tax provision and the effective income tax rate is $16 million. Valley’s policy is to report interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Valley has accrued approximately $1.4 million and $958 thousand of interest associated with Valley’s uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Valley files income tax returns in the U.S. federal and various state jurisdictions. With few exceptions, Valley is no longer subject to U.S. federal and state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2005. In 2007, the Internal Revenue Service completed an examination of the 2002 and 2003 tax years and there were no material adjustments. In addition, the statutes of limitations could expire for certain tax returns over the next 12 months, which could result in decreases to Valley’s unrecognized tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions. Such adjustments are not expected to have a material impact on Valley’s effective tax rate. 130 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 15) Lease Commitments Certain bank facilities are occupied under non-cancelable long-term operating leases which expire at various dates through 2042. Certain lease agreements provide for renewal options and increases in rental payments based upon increases in the consumer price index or the lessors’ cost of operating the facility. Minimum aggregate lease payments for the remainder of the lease terms are as follows: Year 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thereafter Gross Rents Sublease Rents Net Rents $ 15,398 14,035 13,710 13,961 13,763 172,634 (in thousands) $1,169 890 565 447 306 1,020 $ 14,229 13,145 13,145 13,514 13,457 171,614 Total lease commitments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $243,501 $4,397 $239,104 During the first quarter of 2007, Valley sold a nine-story building for approximately $37.5 million while simultaneously entering into a long-term lease for its branch office located on the first floor of the same building. The transaction resulted in a $32.3 million pre-tax gain, of which $16.4 million was immediately recognized in earnings in 2007 and $15.9 million was deferred and is being amortized into earnings over the 20 year term of the lease pursuant to the sale-leaseback accounting rules. Approximately $604 thousand, $650 thousand, and $594 thousand were amortized to net gains on sales of assets during 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The remaining minimum lease payments totaling $23.1 million for this lease are included in the table above. Net occupancy expense for years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 included net rental expense of approximately $20.0 million, $15.9 million and $12.1 million, respectively, net of rental income of $2.3 million, $2.0 million and $2.5 million, respectively, for leased bank facilities. Financial Instruments With Off-balance Sheet Risk In the ordinary course of business of meeting the financial needs of its customers, Valley, through its subsidiary Valley National Bank, is a party to various financial instruments which are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements. These financial instruments include standby and commercial letters of credit, unused portions of lines of credit and commitments to extend various types of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The commitment or contract amount of these instruments is an indicator of the Bank’s level of involvement in each type of instrument as well as the exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument. The Bank seeks to limit any exposure of credit loss by applying the same credit underwriting standards, including credit review, interest rates and collateral requirements or personal guarantees, as for on-balance sheet lending facilities. 131 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The following table provides a summary of financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk at December 31, 2009 and 2008: 2009 2008 (in thousands) Commitments under commercial loans and lines of credit . . . . . Home equity and other revolving lines of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding commercial mortgage loan commitments . . . . . . . . Standby letters of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding residential mortgage loan commitments . . . . . . . . . Commitments under unused lines of credit—credit card . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commercial letters of credit Commitments to sell loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,073,003 585,977 250,650 177,768 100,977 76,500 6,547 96,611 $2,024,625 646,482 324,961 176,601 34,703 82,487 9,918 15,750 Standby letters of credit represent the guarantee by the Bank of the obligations or performance of a customer in the event the customer is unable to meet or perform its obligations to a third party. Obligations to advance funds under commitments to extend credit, including commitments under unused lines of credit, are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have specified expiration dates, which may be extended upon request, or other termination clauses and generally require payment of a fee. These commitments do not necessarily represent future cash requirements as it is anticipated that many of these commitments will expire without being fully drawn upon. The Bank’s lending activity for outstanding loan commitments is primarily to customers within the states of New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania. Loan sale commitments represent contracts for the sale of residential mortgage loans to third parties in the ordinary course of the Bank’s business. These commitments require the Bank to deliver loans within a specific time frame to the third party. The risk to the Bank is its non-delivery of loans required by the commitment which could lead to financial penalties. The Bank has not defaulted on its loan sale commitments. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Valley is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. Valley principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. Valley manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and, from time to time, the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, Valley enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. Valley’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of Valley’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to certain variable-rate borrowings and fixed-rate loan assets. Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk. Valley’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, Valley primarily uses interest rate caps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty if interest rates rise above the strike rate on the contract in exchange for an up front premium. In the second quarter of 2008, Valley purchased two interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges to protect against movements in interest rates above the caps’ strike rate based on the effective federal funds rate. The interest rate caps have an aggregate notional amount of $100.0 million, strike rates of 2.50 percent and 132 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) 2.75 percent, and a maturity date of May 1, 2013. Through November of 2008, the caps were used to hedge the variable cash flows associated with customer repurchase agreements (included in short-term borrowings) and money market deposit accounts that had variable interest rates based on an effective federal funds rate less 25 basis points. During November of 2008, the hedging relationship was terminated since the rates paid on the customer repurchase agreements and money market deposit accounts did not trend with the effective federal funds rate (this was caused by historically unprecedented low level of the effective federal funds rate thereby causing Valley to modify the benchmark used to pay interest on these accounts). On February 20, 2009, Valley re-designated the caps to hedge the variable cash flows associated with customer repurchase agreements and money market deposit accounts products that have variable interest rates based on the federal funds rate. The change in fair value of these derivatives while not designated as hedges totaled a $369 thousand gain included in other income for the year ended December 31, 2009 and a $2.4 million loss included in other expense for the year ended December 31, 2008. In the third quarter of 2008, Valley purchased two interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges, to reduce its exposure to movements in interest rates above the caps’ strike rate based on the U.S. prime interest rate (as published in The Wall Street Journal). The interest rate caps have an aggregate notional amount of $100.0 million, strike rates of 6.00 percent and 6.25 percent, and a maturity date of July 15, 2015. The caps are used to hedge the total change in cash flows associated with prime-rate-indexed deposits, consisting of consumer and commercial money market deposit accounts, which have variable interest rates of 2.75 percent below the prime rate. Fair Value Hedge of a Fixed Rate Asset. Valley is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its fixed rate assets due to changes in benchmark interest rates based on one month-LIBOR. From time to time, Valley uses interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to changes in fair value. Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the receipt of variable rate payments from a counterparty in exchange for Valley making fixed rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. As of December 31, 2009, Valley had one interest rate swap with a notional amount of $9.2 million. For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. Valley includes the gain or loss on the hedged items in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the related derivatives. Non-designated Hedges. Valley does not use derivatives for speculative purposes. Derivatives not designated as hedges are used to manage Valley’s exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements under U.S. GAAP. Below is a summary of Valley’s non-designated hedge activities: • During the first quarter of 2009, Valley entered into and terminated three interest rate swaps not designated as hedges to potentially offset the change in market fair value of certain trading securities. • During the fourth quarter 2008, as previously mentioned above, two interest rate caps (due to mismatches in index) did not qualify for hedge accounting and were subsequently re-designated during February 2009. • During the second quarter of 2007, Valley executed and subsequently terminated a series of interest rate derivative transactions with a notional amount of approximately $1.0 billion. The intended purpose of the derivative transactions was to offset volatility in changes in the market value of over $800 million in trading securities consisting primarily of mortgage-backed securities transferred from the available for sale portfolio at January 1, 2007. These hedged securities were sold during the second quarter of 2007 in conjunction with the termination of the derivative transactions. 133 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated in hedging relationships are recorded directly in earnings. As of December 31, 2009, Valley had no outstanding derivatives that were not designated in hedging relationships. Amounts included in the consolidated statements of financial condition related to the fair value of Valley’s derivative financial instruments were as follows: Fair Value Balance Sheet Location December 31, 2009 December 31, 2008 (in thousands) Asset Derivatives Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Cash flow hedge interest rate caps on short-term borrowings and deposit accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Assets Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments . . . . . . . . . . . $7,124 $7,124 $2,090 $2,090 Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: Cash flow hedge interest rate caps on short-term borrowings and deposit accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Assets Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $1,244 $1,244 Liability Derivatives Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: Fair value hedge commercial loan interest rate swap . . . . . . . . . . . Other Liabilities Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments . . . . . . . . . . . $1,018 $1,018 $2,008 $2,008 Gains (losses) included in the consolidated statements of income and in other comprehensive income (loss), on a pre-tax basis, for the period related to interest rate derivatives designated as hedges of cash flows were as follows: For the Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Interest rate caps on short-term borrowings and deposit accounts: Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest on short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amount of loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to other non-interest expense* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) . . . $ (460) $ (105) $— — 3,475 (642) — (8,512) — * Represent accelerated amounts related to the total forecasted changes in cash flows that were deemed not probable to occur at December 31, 2008. For the year ended December 31, 2009, Valley recognized a net gain of $155 thousand in other expense for hedge ineffectiveness on the cash flow hedge interest rate caps, as compared to a net loss of $21 thousand for the same period of 2008. The accumulated net after-tax loss related to effective cash flow hedges included in accumulated other comprehensive loss totaled $2.7 million and $5.0 million at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. 134 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to cash flow interest rate derivatives are reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the hedged variable interest rate liabilities. During the next twelve months, Valley estimates that approximately $2.0 million will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense. Gains (losses) included in the consolidated statements of income related to interest rate derivatives designated as hedges of fair value were as followings: For the Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Derivative Commercial loan interest rate swap: Interest income—Interest and fees on loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 991 $(1,582) $(405) Hedged item Commercial loan: Interest income—Interest and fees on loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (991) 1,582 (405) Gains (losses) included in the consolidated statements of income related to derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments were as follows: For the Years Ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Non-designated hedge interest rate derivatives: Trading gains (losses), net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,984 369 — $ — — (2,422) $4,310 — — Credit Risk Related Contingent Features. By using derivatives, Valley is exposed to credit risk if counterparties to the derivative contracts do not perform as expected. Management attempts to minimize counterparty credit risk through credit approvals, limits, monitoring procedures and obtaining collateral where appropriate. Credit risk exposure associated with derivative contracts is managed at Valley in conjunction with Valley’s consolidated counterparty risk management process. Valley’s counterparties and the risk limits monitored by management are periodically reviewed and approved by the Board of Directors. Valley has agreements with its derivative counterparties that contain a provision where if Valley defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then Valley could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. As of December 31, 2009, Valley was in compliance with the provisions of its derivative counterparty agreements. As of December 31, 2009, the fair value of derivatives in a net liability position, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk, related to these agreements was approximately $1.1 million. Valley has derivative counterparty agreements that require minimum collateral posting thresholds for certain counterparties. At December 31, 2009, neither Valley nor its counterparties have exceeded such minimum thresholds and no collateral has been assigned or posted. Litigation In the normal course of business, Valley may be a party to various outstanding legal proceedings and claims. In the opinion of management the consolidated statements of financial condition or results of operations of Valley should not be materially affected by the outcome of such legal proceedings and claims. 135 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Note 16) Capital Requirements Valley and Valley National Bank are subject to the regulatory capital requirements administered by the Federal Reserve Bank and the OCC. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on Valley’s consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines Valley and Valley National Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of Valley’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require Valley and Valley National Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier I capital to average assets, as defined in the regulations. As of December 31, 2009, Valley exceeded all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject. At December 31, 2009, all of Valley National Bank’s ratios were above the minimum levels required for Valley to be considered “well capitalized”, which require Tier I capital to risk adjusted assets of at least 6 percent, total risk based capital to risk adjusted assets of 10 percent and a minimum leverage ratio of 5 percent. To be categorized as well capitalized, Valley and Valley National Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier I risk-based and Tier I leverage ratios as set forth in the table below. Valley’s and Valley National Bank’s actual capital positions and ratios as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 are presented in the following table: Actual Minimum Capital Requirements To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provision Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio ($ in thousands) As of December 31, 2009 Total Risk-based Capital Valley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valley National Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,341,943 1,231,429 12.5% $856,178 854,648 11.5 8.0% $ 8.0 N/A N/A% 1,068,310 10.0 Tier I Risk-based Capital Valley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valley National Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,138,288 1,027,774 10.6 9.6 Tier I Leverage Capital Valley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valley National Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,138,288 1,027,774 8.1 7.4 428,089 427,324 559,483 558,367 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 N/A N/A 6.0 640,986 N/A N/A 5.0 697,959 As of December 31, 2008 Total Risk-based Capital Valley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valley National Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,475,776 1,190,129 13.2% $895,751 894,556 10.6 8.0% $ 8.0 N/A N/A% 1,118,196 10.0 Tier I Risk-based Capital Valley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valley National Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,281,038 995,391 11.4 8.9 Tier I Leverage Capital Valley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valley National Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,281,038 995,391 9.1 7.1 447,876 447,278 563,256 562,346 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 N/A N/A 6.0 670,917 N/A N/A 5.0 702,932 N/A—not applicable 136 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Dividend Restrictions Valley National Bank, a national banking association, is subject to a limitation on the amount of dividends it may pay to Valley, the Bank’s only shareholder. The prior approval of the OCC is required to the extent that the total of all dividends to be declared by the Bank in any calendar year exceeds net profits, as defined, for that year combined with its retained net profits from the preceding two calendar years, less any transfers to capital surplus. However, declared dividends in excess of net profits in either of the preceding two years can be offset by retained net profits in the third and fourth years preceding the current year when determining the Bank’s dividend limitation. Under the foregoing dividend restrictions, and without adversely affecting the Bank’s ability to maintain ratios above the minimum levels for the Bank to be considered “well capitalized”, the Bank could pay aggregate dividends of approximately $39.2 million to Valley, without obtaining affirmative governmental approvals, at December 31, 2009. In addition to dividends received from the Bank, Valley can satisfy its cash requirements by utilizing its own funds, cash and sale of investments, as well as potential borrowed funds from outside sources. If Valley were to defer payments on the junior subordinated debentures used to fund payments on its trust preferred securities, it would be unable to pay dividends on its common stock until the deferred payments were made. Treasury Stock On January 17, 2007, Valley’s Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to 4.1 million common shares. Purchases may be made from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions generally not exceeding prevailing market prices. Repurchased shares are held in treasury and are expected to be used for general corporate purposes or issued under the dividend reinvestment plan. Valley made no purchases of its outstanding shares during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Preferred Stock On November 14, 2008, Valley issued 300,000 senior preferred shares, with a liquidation preference of $1 thousand per share, to the U.S. Department of Treasury under the TARP Capital Purchase Program. During 2009, Valley incrementally repurchased all 300,000 shares of its senior preferred shares from the U.S. Treasury for an aggregate purchase price of $300 million (excluding accrued and unpaid dividends paid at the date of redemption), and effectively ended Valley’s participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program on December 23, 2009. Accordingly, Valley is no longer subject to the terms of the Program which, among other things, required Valley to receive consent from the U.S. Treasury to increase Valley’s quarterly dividend above $0.19 per common share, and for any redemption or purchase of Valley’s common stock or trust preferred securities issued by Valley. The senior preferred shares were 100 percent allowable in Tier I Risk-based Capital for regulatory purposes and included in Valley’s capital position and ratios reported for December 31, 2008 in the table above. In conjunction with the purchase of Valley’s senior preferred shares in November 2008, the U.S. Treasury received a ten year warrant to purchase up to approximately 2.4 million of Valley common shares with an aggregate market price equal to $45 million or 15 percent of the original senior preferred investment. Valley’s common stock underlying the warrant represents approximately 1.6 percent of our outstanding common shares at December 31, 2009. The warrant is exercisable on a net exercise basis, and has an exercise price of $18.66 per share that was calculated based on the average of closing prices of Valley’s common stock on the 20 trading days ending on the last trading day prior to the date of the U.S. Treasury’s approval of Valley’s application under the program. At December 31, 2009, the warrant remains outstanding to the U.S. Treasury. Valley has calculated an internal value for the warrants, and is currently negotiating the redemption with U.S. Treasury. However, if an agreement can not be reached with the U.S. Treasury, the warrants will be sold at public auction and remain outstanding. 137 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Valley’s senior preferred shares, while outstanding, and the warrant issued under the TARP Capital Purchase Program qualified and were accounted for as permanent equity on our balance sheet. Of the $300 million in issuance proceeds, $291.4 million and $8.6 million were allocated to the senior preferred shares and the warrant, respectively, based upon their estimated relative fair values as of November 14, 2008. The discount of $8.6 million recorded for the senior preferred shares was being amortized to retained earnings over a five year estimated life of the securities based on the likelihood of their redemption by Valley within that timeframe. During 2009, the amortization of the entire unamortized discount was accelerated to retained earnings as a result of Valley’s redemption of the senior preferred shares. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, approximately $8.5 million and $174 thousand, respectively, of the discount were amortized to retained earnings. Common Stock Issuances Dividend Reinvestment Plan. Effective June 29, 2009, Valley may issue up to 10.0 million authorized and previously unissued or treasury shares of Valley common stock for purchases under Valley’s dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”). Under the DRIP, a shareholder may choose to have future cash dividends automatically invested in Valley common stock and make voluntary optional cash payments of up to $100 thousand per quarter to purchase shares of Valley common stock. Shares purchased under this plan will be issued directly from Valley or in open market transactions. During 2009, 370 thousand common shares were reissued from treasury stock under the DRIP for net proceeds totaling $4.5 million. Common Equity Offerings. Valley raised net proceeds of approximately $71.6 million from an “at-the-market” common equity offering, consisting of the sale of 5.67 million shares of newly issued common stock completed in the third quarter of 2009, and net proceeds of $63.7 million through an additional registered direct offering, consisting of the sale of 5 million shares of newly issued common stock to several institutional investors in the fourth quarter of 2009. 138 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) CONSOLIDATED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED) (Note 17) Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest income (loss): (Losses) gains on securities transactions, net Net impairment losses on securities recognized . . . in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading gains (losses), net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends on preferred stock and accretion . . . . . . . . . Net income available to common stockholders . . . . . . Earnings per common share: Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared per common share . . . . . . . . Average common shares outstanding: Quarters ended 2009 March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 (in thousands, except for share data) $ $ 183,075 73,511 109,564 9,981 $ 180,821 67,708 113,113 13,064 $ 177,281 62,213 115,068 12,722 171,007 59,438 111,569 12,225 (37) 288 (5) 7,759 (2,171) 13,219 19,974 76,946 53,622 16,238 37,384 4,224 33,160 0.23 0.23 0.19 (2,434) (18,631) 20,388 78,106 21,554 6,557 14,997 5,789 9,208 0.06 0.06 0.19 (743) (3,474) 21,300 73,892 45,532 13,950 31,582 5,983 25,599 0.18 0.18 0.19 (1,004) (1,548) 19,370 77,084 46,837 14,739 32,098 3,528 28,570 0.19 0.19 0.19 Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141,775,444 141,775,452 141,804,034 141,804,908 145,052,655 145,053,020 149,093,021 149,094,403 Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest income (loss): Gains (losses) on securities transactions, net . . . . Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading (losses) gains, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense (benefit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends on preferred stock and accretion . . . . . . . . . Net income available to common stockholders . . . . . . Earnings per common share: Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared per common share . . . . . . . . Average common shares outstanding: Quarters ended 2008 March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec 31 (in thousands, except for share data) $ $ 176,184 80,602 95,582 4,000 $ 175,899 73,321 102,578 5,800 $ 191,000 75,768 115,232 6,850 186,611 79,204 107,407 11,632 499 425 (1,907) 6,003 (354) (3,191) 22,273 67,478 43,331 11,748 31,583 — 31,583 0.24 0.24 0.19 (1,383) (301) 19,213 63,959 50,773 9,290 41,483 — 41,483 0.31 0.31 0.19 (65,549) 14,747 20,605 73,842 2,436 (1,159) 3,595 — 3,595 0.03 0.03 0.19 (17,549) (8,089) 17,814 79,969 13,985 (2,945) 16,930 2,090 14,840 0.10 0.10 0.19 Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132,185,730 132,323,016 132,252,624 132,371,581 141,568,980 141,717,842 141,720,238 141,783,649 139 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) PARENT COMPANY INFORMATION (Note 18) Condensed Statements of Financial Condition December 31, 2009 2008 (in thousands) Assets Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest bearing deposits with banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment in subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,824 125,133 6,887 1,319,683 13,394 $ 32,002 260,133 6,568 1,255,369 10,371 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,467,921 $1,564,443 Liabilities Dividends payable to shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts (includes fair value of $155,893 at December 31, 2009 and $140,065 at December 31, 2008 for VNB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital Trust I) Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 28,116 $ 28,919 181,150 5,801 215,067 165,390 6,525 200,834 Stockholders’ equity Preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Surplus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Treasury stock, at cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — 54,293 1,178,992 73,592 (19,816) (34,207) 291,539 48,228 1,047,085 85,234 (60,931) (47,546) Total shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,252,854 1,363,609 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,467,921 $1,564,443 140 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Condensed Statements of Income Years ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) Income Dividends from subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Losses) gains on securities transactions, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trading (losses) gains, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other interest and dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $120,000 2,069 (434) (15,828) 437 $110,000 1,192 (757) 15,243 429 $120,000 1,405 115 4,107 275 Expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income before income tax (benefit) expense and equity in undistributed 106,244 16,267 126,107 15,875 125,902 16,902 (over distributed) earnings of subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax (benefit) expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,977 (10,541) 110,232 14 109,000 (3,951) Income before equity in undistributed (over distributed) earnings of subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Equity in undistributed (over distributed) earnings of subsidiary . . . . . . . Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends on preferred stock and accretion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,518 15,543 116,061 19,524 110,218 (16,627) 93,591 2,090 112,951 40,277 153,228 — Net Income Available to Common Stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 96,537 $ 91,501 $153,228 141 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Condensed Statements of Cash Flows Cash flows from operating activities: Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by $ 116,061 $ 93,591 $ 153,228 Years ended December 31, 2009 2008 2007 (in thousands) operating activities: Equity in (undistributed) over distributed earnings of subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gain (losses) on securities transactions, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net impairment losses on securities recognized in earnings . . . . . Net change in: (15,543) 30 5,049 16,627 43 5,531 (40,277) 49 5,138 (54) — 434 (17) 836 (79) 4 (115) — (4,107) (139) 1,164 Fair value of borrowings carried at fair value . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,828 (3,052) (954) (15,243) 1,448 4,560 Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . 117,799 107,297 114,945 Cash flows from investing activities: Investment securities available for sale: Purchases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents acquired in acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital contributions to subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash used in by investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash flows from financing activities: Redemption of junior subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and a warrant . . . . . . . Redemption of preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends paid to preferred shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends paid to common shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchases of common shares to treasury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax benefit from stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock issued, net of cancellations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — — — — — — (300,000) (12,980) (109,005) — — 140,008 (68) 8,756 1,621 (50,000) (39,691) (7,689) 300,000 — — (102,517) — 106 1,993 (5,418) 2,543 — — (2,875) (40,000) — — — (99,956) (35,478) 123 2,151 Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities . . . . (281,977) 191,893 (173,160) Net change in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (164,178) 292,135 259,499 32,636 (61,090) 93,726 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 127,957 $ 292,135 $ 32,636 142 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) BUSINESS SEGMENTS (Note 19) lending, We have four business segments that we monitor and report on to manage our business operations. These investment management, and corporate and other segments are consumer lending, commercial adjustments. Lines of business and actual structure of operations determine each segment. Each is reviewed routinely for its asset growth, contribution to income before income taxes and return on average interest earning assets and impairment (if events or circumstances indicate a possible inability to realize the carrying amount). Expenses related to the branch network, all other components of retail banking, along with the back office departments of our subsidiary bank are allocated from the corporate and other adjustments segment to each of the other three business segments. Interest expense and internal transfer expense (for general corporate expenses) are allocated to each business segment utilizing a “pool funding” methodology, whereas each segment is allocated a uniform funding cost based on each segments’ average earning assets outstanding for the period. The Wealth Management Division, comprised of trust, asset management, insurance services, and broker-dealer (our broker- dealer subsidiary was sold on March 31, 2008) is included in the consumer lending segment. The financial reporting for each segment contains allocations and reporting in line with our operations, which may not necessarily be comparable to any other financial institution. The accounting for each segment includes internal accounting policies designed to measure consistent and reasonable financial reporting, and may not necessarily conform to U.S. GAAP. The consumer lending segment is mainly comprised of residential mortgages, home equity loans and automobile loans. The duration of the loan portfolio is subject to movements in the market level of interest rates and forecasted residential mortgage prepayment speeds. The average weighted life of the automobile loans within the portfolio is relatively unaffected by movements in the market level of interest rates. However, the average life may be impacted by the availability of credit within the automobile marketplace. The commercial lending segment is mainly comprised of floating rate and adjustable rate commercial and industrial loans, as well as fixed rate owner occupied and commercial real estate loans. Due to the portfolio’s interest rate characteristics, commercial lending is Valley’s most sensitive business segment to movements in market interest rates. The investment management segment is mainly comprised of fixed rate investments, trading securities, and, depending on our liquid cash position, federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks (primarily the Federal Reserve Bank of New York). The fixed rate investments are one of Valley’s least sensitive assets to changes in market interest rates. However, as we continue to shift the composition of the investment portfolio to shorter-duration securities, the sensitivity to market interest rate will increase. Net gains and losses on the change in fair value of trading securities and net impairment losses on securities are reflected in the corporate and other adjustments segment. The corporate and other adjustments segment represents income and expense items not directly attributable to a specific segment, including trading and securities gains (losses), and net impairment losses on securities not reported in the investment management segment above, interest expense related to the junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts, the change in fair value of Valley’s junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value, interest expense related to $100 million in subordinated notes issued in July 2005, as well as income and expense from derivative financial instruments. 143 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) The following tables represent the financial data for Valley’s four business segments for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007: Year ended December 31, 2009 Consumer Lending Commercial Lending Investment Management Corporate and Other Adjustments Total Average interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . $3,775,689 $5,930,220 ($ in thousands) $3,325,737 $ — $13,031,646 Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income (loss) after provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal expense transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213,310 70,822 142,488 21,176 121,312 48,233 47,916 56,575 340,358 111,235 229,123 26,816 202,307 7,465 40,190 88,043 162,834 62,382 100,452 — 100,452 5,699 675 50,102 (4,318) 18,431 (22,749) — (22,749) 10,854 217,247 (194,720) 712,184 262,870 449,314 47,992 401,322 72,251 306,028 — Income (loss) before income taxes . . . . . . $ 65,054 $ 81,539 $ 55,374 $ (34,422) $ 167,545 Return on average interest earning assets (pre-tax) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.72% 1.37% 1.67% 1.29% Year ended December 31, 2008 Consumer Lending Commercial Lending Investment Management Corporate and Other Adjustments Total Average interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . $4,213,524 $5,173,463 ($ in thousands) $2,997,638 $ — $12,384,625 Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income (loss) after provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal expense transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,108 99,017 151,091 15,156 135,935 39,122 45,538 57,472 315,194 121,575 193,619 8,061 185,558 7,818 38,074 70,008 170,060 70,444 99,616 — 99,616 10,270 827 39,878 (5,668) 17,859 (23,527) 5,065 (28,592) (53,954) 200,809 (167,358) 729,694 308,895 420,799 28,282 392,517 3,256 285,248 — Income (loss) before income taxes . . . . . . $ 72,047 $ 85,294 $ 69,181 $(115,997) $ 110,525 Return on average interest earning assets (pre-tax) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.71% 1.65% 2.31% 0.89% 144 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued) Year ended December 31, 2007 Consumer Lending Commercial Lending Investment Management Corporate and Other Adjustments Total Average interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . $3,868,559 $4,392,552 ($ in thousands) $3,051,142 $ — $11,312,253 Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net interest income (loss) after provision for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal expense transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236,322 110,624 125,698 6,129 119,569 41,133 48,825 52,768 315,527 125,608 189,919 5,746 184,173 9,616 29,438 59,567 179,326 87,250 92,076 — 92,076 11,544 709 40,532 (6,168) 19,840 (26,008) — (26,008) 26,735 174,940 (152,867) 725,007 343,322 381,685 11,875 369,810 89,028 253,912 — Income (loss) before income taxes . . . . . . $ 59,109 $ 104,784 $ 62,379 $ (21,346) $ 204,926 Return on average interest earning assets (pre-tax) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.53% 2.39% 2.04% 1.81% 145 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Valley National Bancorp: We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Valley National Bancorp and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Valley National Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. As discussed in Note 1 and Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of evaluating other-than-temporary impairments of debt securities due to the adoption of new accounting requirements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, as of January 1, 2009. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 26, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Short Hills, New Jersey February 26, 2010 146 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Valley National Bancorp: We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows of Valley National Bancorp and subsidiaries (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated results of Valley National Bancorp’s operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. New York, New York February 26, 2008 147 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Valley maintains “disclosure controls and procedures” which, consistent with Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is defined to mean controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that Valley files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to Valley’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Valley’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of Valley’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on such evaluation, Valley’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2009 (the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K). Valley’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, provides reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. The design of a control system reflects resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because there are inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Valley have been or will be detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events. There can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There have been no changes in Valley’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Valley’s internal control over financial reporting. 148 Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Valley’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Valley’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance to Valley’s management and Board of Directors regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. As of December 31, 2009 management assessed the effectiveness of Valley’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the Treadway Commission. Management’s assessment included an evaluation of the design of Valley’s internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operating effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting. Management reviewed the results of its assessment with the Audit and Risk Committee. Based on this assessment, management determined that, as of December 31, 2009 Valley’s internal control over financial reporting was effective to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. KPMG LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited Valley’s December 31, 2009 consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of Valley’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 The report, which expresses an opinion on the effectiveness of Valley’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 is included in this item under the heading “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.” 149 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Valley National Bancorp: We have audited Valley National Bancorp and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Management of the Company is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, Valley National Bancorp and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statement of financial condition of Valley National Bancorp and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, and our report dated February 26, 2010 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. Short Hills, New Jersey February 26, 2010 150 Item 9B. Other Information Not applicable. PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Certain information regarding executive officers is included under the section captioned “Executive Officers” in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The information set forth under the captions “Director Information”, “Corporate Governance” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the 2010 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. Item 11. Executive Compensation The information set forth under the caption “Executive Compensation” in the 2010 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters The information set forth under the captions “Equity Compensation Plan Information” and “Stock Ownership of Management and Principal Shareholders” in the 2010 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence The information set the captions “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation”, “Certain Transactions with Management” and “Corporate Governance” in the 2010 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. forth under Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services The information set forth under the caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the 2010 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. 151 Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules (a) Financial Statements and Schedules: PART IV The following Financial Statements and Supplementary Data are filed as part of this annual report: Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition Consolidated Statements of Income Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms All financial statement schedules are omitted because they are either inapplicable or not required, or because the required information is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto. (b) Exhibits (numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K): (3) Articles of Incorporation and By-laws: A. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-Q Quarterly Report filed on August 10, 2009. B. By-laws of the Registrant, as amended, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2008. (4) Instruments Defining the Rights of Security Holders: A. First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 1, 2008, by and among Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, Valley National Bancorp and Greater Community Bancorp, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on July 1, 2008. B. Warrant Agreement between Valley and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, incorporated herein by reference to Appendix B of the Registrant’s Form S-4/A Registration Statement filed on May 20, 2008. C. Form of Warrant Certificate for the purchase of Valley Common Stock, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form S-3 Registration Statement filed on July 2, 2008. D. Warrant to purchase up to 2,297,090 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on November 17, 2008. E. Junior Subordinated Indenture between Greater Community Bancorp and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee, dated July 2, 2007, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Greater Community Bancorp’s Form 10-Q Quarterly Report filed on August 9, 2007. F. Amended and Restated Trust Agreement among Greater Community Bancorp, as Depositor, Wilmington Trust Company, as Property Trustee, Wilmington Trust Company, as Delaware Trustee, and the Administrative Trustees named therein, dated July 2, 2007, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Greater Community Bancorp’s Form 10-Q Quarterly Report filed on August 9, 2007. G. Guarantee Agreement between Greater Community Bancorp, as Guarantor, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Guarantee Trustee, dated July 2, 2007, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.9 to Greater Community Bancorp’s Form 10-Q Quarterly Report filed on August 9, 2007. 152 (10) Material Contracts: A. Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreements among Valley National Bank, Valley and Gerald H. Lipkin, Peter Crocitto, Albert L. Engel, Alan D. Eskow, Robert M. Meyer, dated January 22, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on January 28, 2008.+ B. Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreements among Valley National Bank, Valley and Stephen P. Davey, Elizabeth E. DeLaney, Kermit R. Dyke, Robert A. Ewing, Richard P. Garber, Eric W. Gould, and Russell Murawski, dated February 11, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2007.+ C. D. “The Valley National Bancorp 1999 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan” dated January 19, 1999, as amended.*+ “Severance Agreement” dated January 22, 2008 between Valley, Valley National Bank and Gerald H. Lipkin, Peter Crocitto, Albert L. Engel, Alan D. Eskow, Robert M. Meyer is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on January 28, 2008.+ E. Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of VNB Capital Trust I, dated as of November 7, 2001, is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2006. F. Indenture among VNB Capital Trust I, The Bank of New York as Debenture Trustee, and Valley, dated November 7, 2001, is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2006. G. Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement among VNB Capital Trust I, The Bank of New York, as Guarantee Trustee, and Valley, dated November 7, 2001, is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2006. H. Directors Deferred Compensation Plan, dated June 1, 2004., as amended*+ I. J. Fiscal and Paying Agency Agreement between Valley National Bank and Wilmington Trust Company, as fiscal and paying agent, dated July 13, 2005 is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2005. The Valley National Bancorp, Benefit Equalization Plan, as Amended and Restated, dated January 1, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2008.+ K. Participant Agreement for the Benefit Equalization Plan are incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the quarter ended June 30, 2006.+ L. The Valley National Bancorp 2004 Director Restricted Stock Plan, as amended, incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Form 10-Q Quarterly Report filed on May 11, 2009.+ M. The Valley National Bancorp Executive Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Appendix B to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement filed on March 7, 2005.+ N. Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement used in connection with Valley National Bancorp 2004 Director Restricted Stock Plan is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report on April 12, 2005. O. Amended and Restated Trust Agreement among Greater Community Bancorp, as Depositor, Wilmington Trust Company, as Property Trustee, Wilmington Trust Company, as Delaware Trustee, and the Administrative Trustees named therein, dated July 2, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on July 1, 2008. 153 P. Guarantee Agreement between Greater Community Bancorp, as Guarantor, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Guarantee Trustee, dated July 2, 2007, is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on July 1, 2008. Q. Letter Agreement, dated November 14, 2008, including Securities Purchase Agreement— Standard Terms, between Valley National Bancorp and the United States Department of the Treasury, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on November 17, 2008. R. Amendment No. 1 to the Valley National Bank Benefit Equalization Plan dated February 20, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on February 26, 2009.+ S. Amendment to the Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreement between Valley, Valley National bank and Peter Crocitto, dated February 20, 2008, is incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on February 26, 2009.+ T. Valley National Bancorp 2009 Long-Term Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on April 24, 2009.+ U. Form of Valley National Bancorp Incentive Stock Option Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 27, 2009. V. Form of Valley National Bancorp Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 27, 2009. W. Form of Valley National Bancorp Restricted Stock Award Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 27, 2009. X. Form of Valley National Bancorp Escrow Agreement for Restricted Stock Award, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 27, 2009. Y. Equity Distribution Agreement, dated June 8, 2009, by and among Valley National Bancorp, Stifel, Nicolaus & Company and RBC Capital Markets Corporation, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on June 9, 2009. Z. Form of Purchase Agreement between Valley National Bancorp and each Purchaser, dated December 7, 2009, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on December 7, 2009. AA. Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreements among Valley National Bank, Valley and Bernadette Mueller, Robert E. Farrell and Robert J. Mulligan, dated January 20, 2010.*+ BB. Amended and Restated Change in Control Agreements among Valley National Bank, Valley and Ira D. Robbins.*+ (12) Computation of Consolidated Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges.* (16) Letter of Ernst & Young LLP regarding change in certifying accountant, dated March 7, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to the Registrant’s Form 8-K Current Report filed on March 7, 2008. 154 (21) List of Subsidiaries: Name (a) Subsidiaries of Valley: Valley National Bank VNB Capital Trust I GCB Capital Trust III (b) Subsidiaries of Valley National Bank: BNV Realty Incorporated (BNV) Greater Community Redevelopment LLC Hallmark Capital Management, Inc. Highland Capital Corp. Masters Coverage Corp. New Century Asset Management, Inc. Shrewsbury State Investment Co., Inc. Valley 747 Acquisition, LLC Valley Commercial Capital, LLC Valley National Title Services, Inc. VN Investments, Inc. (VNI) VNB Loan Services, Inc. VNB Mortgage Services, Inc. VNB Route 23 Realty, LLC 18th & 8th LLC VNB New York Corp. (c) Subsidiaries of BNV: SAR I, Inc. SAR II, Inc. (d) Subsidiaries of Masters Coverage Corp.: RISC One, Inc. Life Line Planning, Inc. (e) Subsidiary of VNI: VNB Realty, Inc. (f) Subsidiary of VNB Realty, Inc.: VNB Capital Corp. (g) Subsidiary of Shrewsbury State Investment Co., Inc.: Shrewsbury Capital Corporation GCB Realty, LLC (h) Subsidiary of Greater Community Redevelopment LLC: Thirteen Van Houten LLC (i) Subsidiary of Thirteen Van Houten LLC: Congdon Mill Realty LLC (23.1) Consent of KPMG LLP.* (23.2) Consent of Ernst & Young LLP.* 155 Jurisdiction of Incorporation United States Delaware Delaware New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey New York New Jersey New Jersey New York New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey New York New Jersey New Jersey New York New York New Jersey New Jersey New York New York New Jersey New York New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey Percentage of Voting Securities Owned by the Parent Directly or Indirectly 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 80% 25% (24) Power of Attorney of Certain Directors and Officers of Valley.* (31.1) Certification of Gerald H. Lipkin, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, pursuant to Securities Exchange Rule 13a-14(a).* (31.2) Certification of Alan D. Eskow, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, pursuant to Securities Exchange Rule 13a-14(a).* (32) Certification, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed by Gerald H. Lipkin, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Alan D. Eskow, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company.* Filed herewith * + Management contract and compensatory plan or arrangement 156 Pursuant to the requirements of section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP By: /s/ GERALD H. LIPKIN Gerald H. Lipkin, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer By: /s/ ALAN D. ESKOW Alan D. Eskow, Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Dated: February 26, 2010 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities indicated. Signature Title Date /s/ GERALD H. LIPKIN Gerald H. Lipkin /s/ ALAN D. ESKOW Alan D. Eskow Chairman of the Board, President February 26, 2010 and Chief Executive Officer and Director Senior Executive Vice President, February 26, 2010 Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), and Corporate Secretary /s/ MITCHELL L. CRANDELL Senior Vice President and February 26, 2010 Mitchell L. Crandell ANDREW B. ABRAMSON* Andrew B. Abramson PAMELA R. BRONANDER* Pamela R. Bronander ERIC P. EDELSTEIN* Eric P. Edelstein MARY J. STEELE GUILFOILE* Mary J. Steele Guilfoile GRAHAM O. JONES* Graham O. Jones WALTER H. JONES, III* Walter H. Jones, III Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) Director Director Director Director Director Director 157 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 Signature Title Date GERALD KORDE* Gerald Korde MICHAEL L. LARUSSO* Michael L. LaRusso MARC J. LENNER* Marc J. Lenner ROBINSON MARKEL* Robinson Markel RICHARD S. MILLER* Richard S. Miller BARNETT RUKIN* Barnett Rukin SURESH L. SANI* Suresh L. Sani ROBERT C. SOLDOVERI* Robert C. Soldoveri Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director * By Gerald H. Lipkin and Alan D. Eskow, as attorneys-in-fact. February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 February 26, 2010 158 Printed on Recycled Paper for a quality environment. BRANCH LOCATIONS NEW JERSEY BERGEN Bogota, 325 Palisade Avenue Edgewater, 46 Promenade, The City Place Elmwood Park, 80 Broadway Englewood, 145 South Dean Street Englewood, 80 West Street Fair Lawn, 20-24 Fair Lawn Avenue Fair Lawn, 139 Lincoln Avenue Fair Lawn, 31-00 Broadway Fort Lee, 1372 Palisade Avenue Fort Lee, 2160 Lemoine Avenue Glen Rock, 175 Rock Road Hackensack, 20 Court Street Hackensack, 111 Hackensack Avenue Hasbrouck Heights, 284 Boulevard Hillsdale, 24 Broadway Ho-Ho-Kus, 18 Sycamore Avenue Little Ferry, 100 Washington Avenue Lodi, 147 Main Street Lyndhurst, 456 Valley Brook Avenue Midland Park, 207 Franklin Avenue Montvale, 24 South Kinderkamack Road Moonachie, 199 Moonachie Road New Milford, 243 Main Street North Arlington, 629 Ridge Road Northvale, 151 Paris Avenue Oakland, 350 Ramapo Valley Road Oradell, 350 Kinderkamack Road Paramus, 80 East Ridgewood Avenue Paramus, 410 Bergen Town Center Paramus, East 58 Midland Avenue Ramsey, 10 South Franklin Turnpike Ridgeﬁ eld, 868 Broad Avenue Ridgewood, 103 Franklin Avenue River Vale, 670 Westwood Avenue Rochelle Park, 405 Rochelle Avenue Tenaﬂ y, 85 County Road Waldwick, 67 Franklin Turnpike Wallington, 100 Midland Avenue Wood Ridge, 271 Valley Boulevard Wyckoff, 356 Franklin Avenue ESSEX Belleville, 22 Bloomﬁ eld Avenue Belleville, 237 Washington Avenue Belleville, 381 Franklin Avenue Bloomﬁ eld, 548 Broad Street Bloomﬁ eld, 1422 Broad Street Caldwell, 15 Roseland Avenue Cedar Grove, 491 Pompton Avenue Fairﬁ eld, One Passaic Avenue Fairﬁ eld, 167 Fairﬁ eld Road Livingston, 66 West Mount Pleasant Avenue Livingston, 73 South Livingston Avenue Livingston, 270 South Livingston Avenue Livingston, 531 South Livingston Avenue Maplewood, 142 Maplewood Avenue Maplewood, 740 Irvington Avenue Millburn, 181 Millburn Avenue Newark, 167 Bloomﬁ eld Avenue Newark, 289 Ferry Street Newark, 784 Mount Prospect Avenue Nutley, 171 River Road Nutley, 371 Franklin Avenue South Orange, 115 Valley Street Upper Montclair, 539 Valley Road West Caldwell, 1059 Bloomﬁ eld Avenue West Orange, 637 Eagle Rock Avenue HUDSON Bayonne, 522 Broadway East Newark, 710 Frank E. Rodgers Boulevard North Harrison, 433 Harrison Avenue Hoboken, 305 River Street Jersey City, 46 Essex Street Jersey City, 311 Marin Boulevard Kearny, 72-80 Midland Avenue Kearny, 110 Central Avenue, Suite 100 Kearny, 256 Kearny Avenue North Bergen, 8901 Kennedy Boulevard Secaucus, 40 Meadowlands Parkway Union City, 4405 Bergenline Avenue West New York, 5712 Bergenline Avenue MIDDLESEX Edison, 2084 Route 27/Lincoln Highway North Brunswick, 1100 Livingston Avenue North Brunswick, 2818 Route 27 North Piscataway, 501 Stelton Road South Plainﬁ eld, 100 Durham Avenue Woodbridge, 540 Rahway Avenue MONMOUTH Atlantic Highlands, 1 Bayshore Plaza Freehold, 3495 Route 9 Highlands, 301 Shore Drive Holmdel, 2124 Highway 35 South Keansburg, 201 Main Street Keyport, 416 Main Street & Route 36 East Little Silver, 140 Markham Place Manalapan, 801 Tennent Road Middletown, 760 Highway 35 & Twinbrooks Avenue Oakhurst, 777 West Park Avenue Red Bank, 74 Broad Street Red Bank, 362 Broad Street Sea Bright, 1173 Ocean Avenue Shrewsbury, 465 Broad Street MORRIS Budd Lake, 202 Route 46 West & Mount Olive Road Butler, 1481 Route 23 South Chatham, 375 Main Street Chester, 2 Main Street Denville, 6 Bloomﬁ eld Avenue Dover, 100 East Blackwell Street East Hanover, 240 Route 10 West & Murray Road Florham Park, 30 Columbia Turnpike Florham Park, 187 Columbia Turnpike Jefferson Township, 715 Route 15 South Landing, 115 Center Street Lincoln Park, 31 Beaverbrook Road Mine Hill, 271-273 Route 46 West Morris Plains, 51 Gibraltar Drive Morristown, 10 Madison Avenue Mount Olive, 342 Route 46 Parsippany, Arlington Plaza, 800 Route 46 West Parsippany, 120 Baldwin Avenue Parsippany, 320 New Road Succasunna, 250 Route 10 West Whippany, 54 Whippany Road PASSAIC Clifton, 6 Main Avenue Clifton, 505 Allwood Road Clifton, 925 Allwood Road Clifton, 535 Getty Avenue Clifton, 1006 Route 46 West Little Falls, 171 Browertown Road Little Falls, 115 Main Street Little Falls, 126 Newark Pompton Turnpike North Haledon, 5 Sicomac Road North Haledon, 475 High Mountain Road Passaic, 128 Market Street Passaic, 211 Main Avenue Passaic, 506 Van Houten Avenue Passaic, 545 Paulison Avenue Passaic, 615 Main Avenue Paterson, 490 Chamberlain Avenue Pompton Lakes, 516 Wanaque Avenue Totowa, 100 Furler Street Totowa, 55 Union Boulevard Wayne, 64 Mountain View Boulevard Wayne, 200 Black Oak Ridge Road Wayne, 1200 Preakness Avenue Wayne, 1345 Willowbrook Mall - main entrance Wayne, 1400 Valley Road Wayne, 1445 Valley Road Wayne, 1445 Route 23 South Wayne, 1501 Hamburg Turnpike Wayne, 1504 Route 23 North SOMERSET Bound Brook, 466 West Union Avenue Green Brook, 302-306 Route 22 West Hillsborough, 323 Route 206 North North Plainﬁ eld, 1334 Route 22 East North Plainﬁ eld, 672-6 Somerset Street SUSSEX Branchville, Branchville Square, 1 Wantage Avenue Franklin, 288 Route 23 North Fredon, 410 Route 94 at Willows Road Sparta, 7 Woodport Road Tranquility, Route 517 at Kennedy Road Vernon, Vernon Plaza, 538 Route 515 UNION Clark, 76 Central Avenue Cranford, 117 South Avenue West Hillside, 1300 Liberty Avenue Mountainside, 882 Mountain Avenue Roselle Park, 1 West Westﬁ eld Avenue Scotch Plains, 1922 Westﬁ eld Avenue Springﬁ eld, 223 Mountain Avenue Union, 1432 Morris Avenue Union, 2784 Morris Avenue Westﬁ eld, 801 Central Avenue WARREN Belvidere, 540 County Route 519, Suite 9 Blairstown, 152 Route 94 South Hackettstown, 105 Mill Street NEW YORK BROOKLYN 207 Brighton Beach Avenue near Ocean Parkway 1212 Avenue M between 12th & 13th Street 1505 Avenue J at East 15th Street 1633 Sheepshead Bay Road at Jerome Avenue 61-17 18th Avenue at 61st Street 4501 13th Avenue at 45th Street 2902 Avenue U at East 29th Street, Homecrest 7726 Third Avenue at 77th Street MANHATTAN 62 West 47th Street between 5th & 6th Avenue 90 Franklin Street at Church Street 93 Canal Street between Christie & Eldridge 111 Fourth Avenue corner of 12th Street 159 Eighth Avenue at 18th Street 170 Hudson at Laight Street 275 Madison Avenue at 40th Street 295 Fifth Avenue at 30th Street 434 Broadway at Howard Street 776 Avenue of the Americas at 26th Street 924 Broadway between 21st & 22nd Street 1040 Sixth Avenue at 39th Street 1328 Second Avenue at 71st Street 1569 Third Avenue at 88th Street QUEENS 64-01 Grand Avenue at 64th Street, Maspeth 69-20 80th Street, Middle Village 76-09 Main Street, Flushing 94-05 63rd Drive at Booth Street, Rego Park 107-01 Liberty Avenue at 107th Street, Ozone Park 1455 Valley Road Wayne, NJ 07470 973-305-3380 www.valleynationalbank.com © 2010 Valley National Bank. Member FDIC. Equal Opportunity Lender.

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