Varonis Systems
Annual Report 2014

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VARONIS SYSTEMS INC FORM 10-K (Annual Report) Filed 02/19/15 for the Period Ending 12/31/14 Address Telephone CIK Symbol SIC Code Fiscal Year 1250 BROADWAY, 31ST FLOOR NEW YORK, NY 10001 877-292-8767 0001361113 VRNS 7372 - Prepackaged Software 12/31 http://www.edgar-online.com © Copyright 2015, EDGAR Online, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Distribution and use of this document restricted under EDGAR Online, Inc. Terms of Use. Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (Mark One) for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2014 or for the transition period from to Commission file number: 001-36324 VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 1250 Broadway, 31st Floor New York, NY 10001 (Address of principal executive offices including zip code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (877) 292-8767 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes (cid:1) No  Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes (cid:1) No  Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  No (cid:1)  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 (cid:1) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Delaware 57-1222280 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (Title of class) (Name of exchange on which registered) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  No (cid:1) Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. (cid:1) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes (cid:1) No  The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2014 at a closing sale price of $29.01 as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market was approximately $273.9 million. Shares of common stock held by each officer and director and by each person who owns or may be deemed to own 10% or more of the outstanding common stock have been excluded since such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes. As of February 16, 2015 , the registrant had 24,693,879 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement to be used in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the Registrant’s 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Large Accelerated Filer (cid:1) Accelerated Filer (cid:1) Non-accelerated Filer  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company (cid:1) Table of Contents Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. The statements contained in this report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements are often identified by the use of words such as, but not limited to, “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “strategy,” “target,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions or variations intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of our management based on information currently available to management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” included under Part I, Item 1A below. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements. i Table of Contents VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS ii Page PART I Item 1 Business 1 Item 1A Risk Factors 9 Item 1B Unresolved Staff Comments 28 Item 2 Properties 28 Item 3 Legal Proceedings 28 Item 4 Mine Safety Disclosures 28 PART II Item 5 Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 28 Item 6 Selected Financial Data 30 Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 31 Item 7A Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 46 Item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 47 Item 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 77 Item 9A Controls and Procedures 77 Item 9B Other Information 77 PART III Item 10 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 78 Item 11 Executive Compensation 78 Item 12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 78 Item 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 78 Item 14 Principal Accounting Fees and Services 78 PART IV Item 15 Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 79 Table of Contents PART I We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 3, 2004 and commenced operations on January 1, 2005. Our principal executive offices are located at 1250 Broadway, 31st Floor, New York, NY 10001. For convenience in this report, the terms “Company,” “Varonis,” “we” and “us” may be used to refer to Varonis Systems, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries, except where indicated otherwise. Our telephone number is (877) 292-8767. Overview We provide an innovative software platform that allows enterprises to map, analyze, manage and better utilize their unstructured data. We specialize in human-generated data, a type of unstructured data that includes an enterprise’s spreadsheets, word processing documents, presentations, audio files, video files, emails, text messages, and any other data created by employees. This data often contains an enterprise’s financial information, product plans, strategic initiatives, intellectual property and numerous other forms of vital information. Our Metadata Framework is a proprietary technology platform that extracts critical metadata, or data about data, from an enterprise’s IT infrastructure and uses this contextual information to map functional relationships among employees, data objects, content and usage. IT and business personnel deploy our software for a variety of use cases, including data governance, data security, archiving, file synchronization, enhanced mobile data accessibility and information collaboration. In today’s information-based economy, enterprises must share, protect and manage their vital information assets; however, the rapid growth in data volume and complexity is making it significantly harder for enterprises to do so. The IDC Study estimates that the amount of digital information created and replicated will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 39% from 2012 through 2020 and more than 90% of the data created in the next decade will be unstructured data. We believe that unstructured data represents a critical business asset, and enterprises are increasingly seeking ways to maximize the value of this data, while simultaneously ensuring that the data is appropriately secured and managed. Despite the importance of their digital assets, most enterprises have difficulty tracking who has access to select data, who is responsible for that data, and which employees are accessing, creating, manipulating or deleting it. The revolution in internet search occurred when search engines began to mine internet metadata, such as the links between pages, in addition to page content, thereby making the internet’s content more usable and consequently more valuable. Similarly, our Metadata Framework creates advanced searchable data structures and provides real-time intelligence about an enterprise’s massive volumes of human-generated content, to create more accessible, manageable and secure human-generated data. We believe that the technology underlying our Metadata Framework is our primary competitive advantage. The strength of our solution is driven by several proprietary technologies and methodologies that we have developed, coupled with how we have seamlessly combined them into our highly versatile Metadata Framework. Our technological advantage stems from us having developed a way to do each of the following: 1 Item 1. Business • determine which metadata to capture; • capture that metadata without imposing any strains or latencies on the enterprise’s computing infrastructure; • modify that metadata in a way which makes it comparable and analyzable despite it having originated from disparate IT systems; • create supplemental metadata, as needed, when the existing IT infrastructure’s activity logs are not sufficient; • decipher the key functional relationships of metadata, the underlying data, and its creators; • use those functional relationships to create a graphical depiction, or map, of the data which will endure as enterprises add large volumes of data to their network and storage resources on a daily basis; Table of Contents The broad applicability of our technology has resulted in our customers deploying our platform for numerous use cases. These use cases include: searchable logs of all human-generated data related activity; centralized visibility into the unstructured data of the enterprise; identification of sensitive data and monitoring its security, ownership and usage, thereby reducing potential exposures; identification of and tracking data ownership; business productivity enhancement through self-service data management; intelligent archiving and migration of data; creation of secure hybrid cloud functionalities; secure search; abnormal activity alerts and identification and security of high-risk data. We believe that the diverse functionalities offered by our platform positions us at the intersection of several powerful trends in the digital universe. The addressable markets for the functionalities delivered by our platform are many and include portions of the markets defined by IDC as storage software, collaborative applications, IT Security (including endpoint security, messaging security and securing and vulnerability management), identity and access management, enterprise search, and data integration and access software. IDC estimates that the aggregate total spend of these established markets in 2012 was approximately $47 billion. We believe that our comprehensive product offering will attract a meaningful portion of this overall spend, resulting in a multi-billion dollar total addressable market. As we continue to innovate and introduce new products, we expect that the use cases for our solutions will expand, leading to incremental growth in our addressable market opportunity. We sell the vast majority of our products and services to channel partners, including distributors and resellers, which sell to end-user customers, which we refer to in this report as our customers. We believe that our sales model, which combines the leverage of a channel sales model with our highly trained and professional sales force, has played and will continue to play a major role in our ability to grow and to successfully deliver our unique value proposition for enterprise human-generated data. We target customers of all sizes, in all industries and in all geographies. As of December 31, 2014, we had more than 3,300 customers, spanning leading firms in the financial services, public, healthcare, industrial, energy and utilities, technology, consumer and retail, education and media and entertainment sectors. Size of Our Market Opportunity We believe that the diverse functionalities offered by our platform position us at the intersection of several powerful trends in the digital enterprise data universe. We believe that the business intelligence and functionalities delivered by our platform define a new market, and we are not aware of any third party studies that accurately define our addressable market. According to industry sources, the functionality of our software platform does overlap with portions of markets defined and sized by IDC, including storage software ($15 billion), collaborative applications ($9 billion), IT Security (including endpoint security, messaging security and securing and vulnerability management—$15 billion), identity and access management ($4 billion), and data integration and access software ($4 billion). IDC estimated that the aggregate total spend within these established markets in 2012 was approximately $47 billion. We believe that our comprehensive product offering will attract a meaningful portion of this overall spend, resulting in a multi-billion dollar addressable market. As we continue to innovate and introduce new products, the use cases for our solutions will expand, leading to incremental growth in our addressable market opportunity. Our Technology Our proprietary technology extracts critical information about an enterprise’s stored human-generated data and uses this contextual information, or metadata, to create a functional map of an enterprise’s human-generated content. Our Metadata Framework technology has been architected to process large volumes of human-generated data and the related metadata at a massive scale with minimal demands on the existing IT infrastructure. All of our products, except DatAnywhere, utilize our Metadata Framework and a core single codebase, thereby streamlining our product development initiatives. 2 • analyze the data and related metadata utilizing sophisticated algorithms, including cluster analyses and machine learning; and • visualize and depict the analyses in an intuitive manner, including simulating contemplated changes and automatically execute tasks that are normally manually intensive for IT and business personnel. Table of Contents Key Benefits of Our Technology Comprehensive Solution for Human-Generated Data. Our products enable a broad range of functionality, including data governance, secure search and remote collaboration, secure BYOD implementations and intelligent retention—all from one core technology platform. Moreover, our platform is applicable across all major enterprise platforms (Windows, UNIX/Linux, Intranets and email systems). Fast Time to Value and Low Total Cost of Ownership. Our solutions do not require custom implementations or long deployment cycles. Our platform can be installed and ready for use within hours and allows customers to realize real value within days of implementation. We designed our platform to operate on commodity hardware with standard operating systems, further reducing the cost of ownership of our product. Ease of Use. While we utilize complex data structures and algorithms in our data engine, we abstract that complexity to provide a sleek, intuitive interface. Our software can be accessed through either the local client or a standard web browser and requires limited training, saving on time and cost and making it accessible to the broader set of non-technical users. Highly Scalable and Flexible Data Engine. Our metadata analysis technology is built to be highly flexible and scalable, allowing our customers to analyze vast amounts of human-generated enterprise data. Moreover, our proprietary Metadata Framework was built with a modular architecture, allowing customers to grow into the full capabilities of our solution over time. No Impact on End User Mobile Experience. Our DatAnywhere product was designed to provide enterprises enhanced control of their data while simultaneously offering employees all of the functionality, ease of use and ubiquitous accessibility they have come to expect from third party cloud storage services. Our solutions collect metadata with no impact on the collaborative file sharing and email environments. End user mobile experience is maintained while using existing access methods and improved when using file synchronization and mobile access. Our Growth Strategy Our objective is to be the primary vendor to which enterprises turn to analyze, protect and transform into actionable intelligence their human-generated data. The following are key elements of our growth strategy. Extend Our Technological Capabilities Through Innovation. We intend to maintain our high level of investment in product development in order to enhance existing products to address new use cases and deliver new products. We believe that the flexibility, sophistication and broad applicability of our Metadata Framework will allow us to use our Metadata Framework as the core of numerous future products built on our same core technology. Our ability to effectively leverage our research and development resources has enabled us to create a new product development engine that we believe can proactively identify and solve enterprise needs. Grow Our Customer Base. The unabated rise in unstructured data in enterprises and the ubiquitous reliance on digital collaboration will continue to drive demand for data collaboration, governance and retention solutions. We intend to capitalize on this demand by targeting new customers, vertical markets and use cases for our solutions. Our solutions address the needs of customers of all sizes ranging from small and medium businesses to large multinational companies with thousands of employees and petabytes of data. Increase Sales to Existing Customers. We believe significant opportunities exist to further expand relationships with existing customers. Unstructured data growth continues across all the platforms, and enterprises wish to standardize on solutions that help them manage, protect and extract more value from their data wherever it is stored. We will continue to cultivate incremental sales from our existing customers by driving increased use of our software within our installed base by expanding footprint and usage. We currently have six products, and as of December 31, 2014, approximately 42% of our customers purchased two or more products. We believe our existing 3 Table of Contents customer base serves as a strong source of incremental revenues given the broad platform of products we have and the growing volumes and complexity of human-generated data our customers have. As we innovate and expand our product offering, we will have an even broader suite of products to offer our customers. Grow Our Sales Force. Growing our salesforce will be essential to achieving our customer base expansion goals. The salesforce and our approach to introducing products to the market has been key to our successful growth in the past and will be central to our growth plan in the future. Our model focuses on targeting customers of all sizes, industries, and geographies. The ability of our sales teams to support our channel partners to efficiently identify leads, generate evaluations, and convert them to satisfied customers will continue to impact our ability to grow. We intend to expand our sales capacity by adding headcount throughout our sales and marketing department. Grow Sales from Our Recently Introduced Products. During the past three years, we have introduced three major new products— DatAnswers, DatAnywhere and Data Transport Engine. We believe these products can be a meaningful contributor to our growth and intend to devote significant resources to growing sales of these products. Establish Our Metadata Framework as The Industry Standard. We have worked with several of the leading providers of network attached storage, or NAS, hardware, including EMC, NetApp, HP and Hitachi, in order to expand our market reach and deliver enhanced functionality to our customers. We have worked with these vendors to assure compatibility with their NAS product lines. Through the use of application programming interfaces, or APIs, and other integration work, our solutions also integrate with many providers of solutions in the ecosystem. We will continue to selectively pursue such collaborations wherever they advance the strategic goals of the company, thereby expanding our reach and establishing our product user interface as the de facto industry standard when it comes to human-generated enterprise data. Continue International Expansion. We believe there is a significant opportunity for our platform in international markets, encompassing virtually any enterprise that uses file shares, intranets and email for collaboration. Revenues from outside the United States accounted for approximately 44% of our revenues in 2014. Europe represented the substantial majority of revenues outside the United States. We believe that international expansion will be a key component of our growth strategy and we will continue to market our products and services overseas. Our Products We offer six products, most of which utilize our core Metadata Framework technology to deliver features and functionality that allow enterprises to fully understand and benefit from the value of their human-generated data. This architecture easily extends through modular functionalities giving our clients the flexibility to select the features they require for their business needs and the flexibility to expand their usage simply by adding a license. 4 • DatAdvantage. DatAdvantage, our flagship product, launched in 2006, builds on our Metadata Framework and captures, aggregates, normalizes and analyzes every data access event for every user on Windows and UNIX/Linux servers, storage devices, email systems and Intranet servers, without requiring native operating system auditing functionalities or impacting performance or storage on file systems. Through an intuitive graphical interface, DatAdvantage presents insights from massive volumes of human-generated data using normal computing infrastructure. It is also our presentation layer for IT departments, which provides an interactive map of relevant user, group, and data objects, usage and content, facilitating analysis from multiple vectors. IT departments can pinpoint areas of interest starting with any metadata object, simulate changes measuring potential impact against historical access patterns, and easily execute changes on all platforms through a unified interface. • DataPrivilege. DataPrivilege, also launched in 2006 and designed for use by business unit personnel, provides a self-service web portal that allows users to request access to data necessary for their business functions, and owners to grant access without IT intervention. DataPrivilege also enables IT and business users to make access decisions based on queries, user requests and metadata analytics information, rather than static IT policies. DataPrivilege provides a presentation layer for business users to review accessibility and usage of their data assets, and grant and revoke access. Table of Contents 5 • IDU Classification Framework. As the volume of an enterprise’s information grows, enterprises struggle to find and tag different types of sensitive data, such as intellectual property, regulated content including Personally Identifiable Information, and medical records. Furthermore, content by itself does not provide adequate context to determine ownership, relevance, or protection requirements. Our IDU Classification Framework, introduced in 2009, identifies and tags data based on criteria set in multiple metadata dimensions, and provides business and IT personnel with actionable intelligence about this data, including a prioritized list of folders and files containing the most sensitive data and with the most inadequate permissions. For the identified folders and files, it also identifies who has access to that data, who is using it, who owns it, and recommendations for how to effectively limit access without disrupting workflow. Our IDU Classification Framework provides visibility into the content of data across file systems and Intranets sites and combining it with other metadata, including usage and accessibility. • Data Transport Engine. We introduced our Data Transport Engine software in 2012 to provide an execution engine that unifies the manipulation of data and metadata, translating business decisions and instructions into technical commands such as data migration or archiving. Data Transport Engine allows both IT and business personnel to standardize and streamline activities for data management and retention, from day-to-day maintenance to complex platform and domain migrations and archiving. Our Data Transport Engine ensures that data migrations automatically synchronize source and destination data with incremental copying even if the source data is still being used, translates access permissions across platforms and domains and provides reporting capabilities for data migration status. Moreover, it also provides IT personnel the flexibility to schedule recurring migrations to automatically find and move certain types of data such as sensitive or stale data, and to perform active migrations, dispositions, and archiving safely and efficiently. • DatAnywhere. With the growth of cloud-based file sharing and synchronization services, enterprises increasingly face instances where employees save confidential, proprietary or sensitive company or client data onto third-party data sharing services, either for remote working purposes or to share with external business partners. This practice leads to an enhanced end user mobile experience but creates a new, often redundant data store outside of corporate visibility, oversight or control, and poses a security and data loss threat. We introduced DatAnywhere in 2012 in response to the need by enterprises for a secure and easy-to-use alternative to consumer cloud-based file sharing solutions. DatAnywhere provides our customers’ employees a modern collaboration, hybrid-cloud experience using their existing storage infrastructure to leverage existing investments and in house platform expertise, and provides users this experience using applications on their mobile devices. DatAnywhere allows users to seamlessly collaborate with other users that still use the same traditional common internet file system shares via mapped drives or universal naming convention paths. It ensures that the shared data remains on firm file servers and retains the approved access permissions without any need for data to be moved from existing file shares or migrated to a proprietary repository. DatAnywhere also seamlessly integrates with the existing backup policies, cache devices, distributed file system, replication and existing data governance and compliance technologies, processes and policies. • DatAnswers. As employees continue to generate and store data in numerous enterprise platforms, relevant files they and their coworkers and predecessors create become harder to find. Unlike the internet, where powerful search engines make relevant web information easy to find despite rapid growth, enterprise file systems are frequently not searchable by employees or IT. Though enterprise search technologies exist, many enterprises do not own or use them to index human generated data, for several reasons, including performance (the index must be up to date to be useful, requiring continual scanning for new and changed content), security (sensitive files that are not adequately restricted become far easier for the wrong people to find), relevance (when many files contain the term or terms a searcher is looking for they are not ranked or presented in a way that they are likely to find the right files), and cost (enterprise search technologies require significant, ongoing investments in hardware and software). DatAnswers was introduced in 2014 to provide secure, relevant and timely search functionality for human generated data. Capitalizing on the Metadata Framework infrastructure and its analysis of data access events, file system and directory services metadata, DatAnswers indexes files as they are created and changed without requiring continual scanning, filters out results users shouldn’t see based on the patented recommendations engine in DatAdvantage and classification results found by the IDU Classification Framework, and ranks results using analysis of data usage. DatAnswers is used primarily for end user search and ediscovery projects. Table of Contents Our Customers Our customer base has grown from approximately 550 customers at December 31, 2009 to more than 3,300 customers in more than 60 countries as of December 31, 2014. Our customers vary greatly in size ranging from small and medium businesses to large multinational enterprises with thousands of employees and hundreds of terabytes of data. Moreover, we have customers across numerous industries and geographies. Services Maintenance and Support Our customers typically purchase one year of software maintenance and support as part of their initial purchase of our products, with an option to renew. These maintenance agreements provide customers the right to receive support and unspecified upgrades and enhancements when and if they become available during the maintenance period and access to our technical support services. We maintain a customer support organization that provides all levels of support to our customers. Our customers that purchase maintenance and support services receive guaranteed response times, direct telephonic support and access to online support portals. Our customer support organization has global capabilities with expertise in both our software and complex IT environments and associated third-party infrastructure. Professional Services While users can easily download, install and deploy our software on their own, certain enterprises use our professional service team to provide fee-based services, which include training our customers in the use of our products, providing advice on deployment planning, network design, product configuration and implementation, automating and customizing reports and tuning policies and configuration of our products for the particular characteristics of the customer’s environment. Sales and Marketing Sales We sell the vast majority of our products and services to a global network of several hundred resellers and distributors that we refer to as our channel partners. Our channel partners, in turn, sell the products they purchase from us to customers globally. In addition, we maintain a highly trained professional sales force that is responsible for overall market development, including the management of the relationships with our channel partners and supporting channel partners in winning customers through operating demonstrations and evaluations. Our channel partners identify potential sales targets, maintain relationships with customers and introduce new products to existing customers. Sales to our channel partners are generally subject to our standard, non-exclusive channel partner agreement, meaning our channel partners may offer customers the products of several different companies. These agreements are generally for a term of one year with a one year renewal term and can be terminated by us or the channel partner for any reason upon 30 days’ notice. A termination of the agreement has no effect on orders already placed. Payment to us from the channel partner is typically due within 30 – 90 calendar days of the date we issue an invoice for such sales. Marketing Our marketing strategy is focused on building our brand and product awareness, increasing customer adoption and demand, communicating advantages and business benefits and generating leads for our channel partners and sales force. We market our software as a solution for specific use cases and as a solution for human generated unstructured data. We execute our marketing strategy by leveraging a combination of internal marketing professionals, external marketing partners and a network of regional and global channel partners. Our internal 6 Table of Contents marketing organization is responsible for branding, content generation and product marketing and works with our business operations team to support channel marketing and sales support programs. We provide one on one and community education and awareness and promote the expanded use of our software. We host in-person Varonis Connect! events annually across sales regions, as well as free, online monthly or bi-weekly technical webinars in multiple regions. We focus our efforts on events, campaigns, tools and activities that can be leveraged by our channel partners worldwide to extend our marketing reach, such as sales tools, information regarding product awards and technical certifications, training, regional seminars and conferences, webinars and various other demand-generation activities. Our marketing efforts also include public relations in multiple regions, extensive content development available through our web site and content syndication, and our active blog, “The Metadata Era.” Seasonality See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Seasonality and Quarterly Trends.” Research and Development Our research and development efforts are focused primarily on improving and enhancing our existing products and services, as well as developing new products, features and functionality. Use of our products has expanded from governance into new areas such as accessibility and retention, and we anticipate that customers and innovation will drive functionality into additional areas. We regularly release new versions of our products which incorporate new features and enhancements to existing ones. We conduct substantially all of our research and development activities in Israel, and we believe this provides us with access to world class engineering talent. Our research and development expense was $28.1 million, $21.0 million and $15.0 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Intellectual Property We rely on patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect our technology and the related intellectual property. The nature and extent of legal protection of our intellectual property rights depends on, among other things, its type and the jurisdiction in which it arises. As of January 31, 2015, we had 16 issued patents and 47 pending patent applications in the United States. We also had three patents issued and 63 applications pending for examination in non-U.S. jurisdictions, and 45 pending Patent Cooperation Treaty patent applications, all of which are counterparts of our U.S. patent applications. Certain of our patents are owned by our Israel subsidiary. The claims for which we have sought patent protection relate primarily to inventions we have developed for incorporation into our products. We also license software from third parties for use in developing our products and for integration into our products, including open source software. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary technologies and intellectual property rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or obtain and use our trade secrets or other confidential information. We generally enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants, service providers, vendors and customers and generally limit internal and external access to, and distribution of, our proprietary information and proprietary technology through certain procedural safeguards. These agreements may not effectively prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our intellectual property or technology and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of our intellectual property or technology. We cannot assure you that the steps taken by us will prevent misappropriation of our trade secrets or technology or infringement of our intellectual property. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary rights to as great an extent as the laws of the United States, and many foreign countries do not enforce these laws as diligently as government agencies and private parties in the United States. Our industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of relevant patents and frequent claims and related litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights. From time to time, third-parties have asserted and may assert their patent, copyright, trademark and other intellectual property rights against us, our channel partners or customers. Successful claims of infringement or misappropriation by a third party could prevent us from distributing certain products or performing certain services or could require us to pay substantial damages (including, for example, treble damages if we are found to have willfully infringed patents and increased statutory damages if we are found to have willfully infringed copyrights), royalties or other fees. Such claims also could require us to cease making, licensing or using solutions that are alleged to infringe or misappropriate the intellectual property of others, or to expend additional development resources to attempt to redesign our products or services or otherwise to develop non-infringing technology. Even if third parties may offer a license to their technology, the 7 Table of Contents terms of any offered license may not be acceptable, and the failure to obtain a license or the costs associated with any license could cause our business, results of operations or financial condition to be materially and adversely affected. In some cases, we indemnify our customers and distributors against claims that our products infringe the intellectual property of third parties. Competition While there are some companies which offer certain features similar to those embedded in our solutions, as well as others with which we compete in certain use cases, we believe that we do not currently compete with a company that offers the same breadth of functionalities that we offer in a single integrated solution. Nevertheless, we do compete against a select group of software vendors, such as Symantec Corporation and Dell Software (formerly Quest), that provide standalone solutions, similar to those found in our comprehensive software suite, in the specific markets in which we operate. We also face direct competition with respect to certain of our products, specifically DatAnywhere, Data Transport Engine, DatAnswers and DatAdvantage for Directory Services. In the future, as customer requirements evolve and new technologies are introduced, we may experience increased competition if established or emerging companies develop solutions that address the human-generated unstructured data market. Furthermore, because we operate in a relatively new and evolving area, we anticipate that competition will increase based on customer demand for these types of products. A number of factors influence our ability to compete in the markets in which we operate, including, without limitation: the continued reliability and effectiveness of our products’ functionalities; the breadth and completeness of our solutions’ features; the scalability of our solutions; and the ease of deployment and use of our products. We believe that we generally compete favorably in each of these categories. We also believe that we distinguish ourselves from others by delivering a single, integrated solution to address our customers’ needs regarding access, governance, collaboration and retention with respect to their human-generated unstructured data. There can, however, be no assurance that we will remain unique in this capacity or that we will be able to compete favorably with other providers in the future. If a more established company were to target our market, we may face significant competition. They may have competitive advantages, such as greater name recognition, larger sales, marketing, research and acquisition resources, access to larger customer bases and channel partners, a longer operating history and lower labor and development costs, which may enable them to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements or devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do. Increased competition could result in us failing to attract customers or maintain licenses at the same rate. It could also lead to price cuts, alternative pricing structures or the introduction of products available for free or a nominal price, reduced gross margins, longer sales cycles and loss of market share. In addition, our current or prospective channel partners may establish cooperative relationships with any future competitors. These relationships may allow future competitors to rapidly gain significant market share. These developments could also limit our ability to generate revenues from existing and new customers. If we are unable to compete successfully against current and future competitors our business, results of operations and financial condition may be harmed. Employees As of December 31, 2014, we had 840 employees and independent contractors, of which 328 employees and independent contractors were in the United States, 292 were in Israel and 220 were in other countries. None of our employees is represented by a labor union with respect to his or her employment with us. Employees in certain European countries have the benefits of collective bargaining arrangements at the national level. We have not experienced any work stoppages, and we consider our relations with our employees to be good. 8 Table of Contents Available Information Our website is located at www.varonis.com, and our investor relations website is located at http://ir.varonis.com/. The information posted on our website is not incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to reports filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Exchange Act are available free of charge on our investor relations website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. You may also access all of our public filings through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Further, a copy of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is located at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risks and all other information contained herein, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, before investing in our common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, also may become important factors that affect us. If any of the following risks materialize, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially harmed. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose some or all of your investment. Risks Related to Our Business and Industry The market for software that maps, analyzes, manages and migrates human-generated unstructured data is new and unproven and may not grow. We believe our future success depends in large part on the growth of the market for software that enables enterprises to map, analyze, manage and migrate their human-generated, unstructured data. In order for us to market and sell our products, we must successfully demonstrate to enterprise IT and business personnel the potential value of their human-generated data and persuade them to devote a portion of their budgets to the single integrated solution that we offer to manage, protect and extract value from this resource. We cannot provide any assurance that enterprises will recognize the need for our products or, if they do, that they will decide that they need a solution that offers the range of functionalities that we offer. Software solutions focused on human-generated unstructured data may not yet be viewed as a necessity by enterprises, and accordingly, our sales effort is and will be focused in large part on explaining the need for, and value offered by, our solution. We can provide no assurance that the market for our solution will continue to grow at its current rate or at all. The failure of the market to develop would materially adversely impact our results of operations. Our quarterly results of operations have fluctuated and may fluctuate significantly due to variability in our revenues which could adversely impact our share price. Our revenues and other results of operations have fluctuated from quarter to quarter in the past and could continue to fluctuate in the future. Our revenues depend in part on the conversion of enterprises that have installed an evaluation license for our software into paying customers. In this regard, most of our sales are typically made during the last three weeks of every quarter. We may fail to meet market expectations for that quarter if we are unable to close the number of transactions that we expect during this short period and closings are deferred to a subsequent quarter. In addition, our sales cycle from initial contact to delivery of and payment for the software license generally becomes longer and less predictable with respect to large transactions and often involves multiple meetings or consultations at a substantial cost and time commitment to us. Although we try to minimize the potential impact of large transactions on our quarterly results of operations, the closing of a large transaction in a particular quarter may make it more difficult for us to meet market expectations in subsequent quarters and our failure to close a large transaction may adversely impact our revenues in a particular quarter. In addition, we base our current and future expense levels on our revenue forecasts and operating plans, and our expenses are relatively fixed in the short term. Accordingly, we would likely not be able to reduce our costs sufficiently to compensate for an unexpected shortfall in revenues and even a relatively small decrease in revenues could disproportionately and adversely affect our financial results for that quarter. The variability and unpredictability of these and other factors could result in our failing to meet or exceed financial expectations for a given period. The ability to attract, recruit and retain highly qualified engineers is critical to our success and growth. Our future success and growth depends, in part, on our ability to continue to recruit and retain highly skilled personnel, particularly engineers. Any of our employees may terminate their employment at any time and competition for highly skilled engineering personnel is frequently intense, especially in Israel, where we have a substantial presence and need for qualified engineers. Moreover, to the extent we hire personnel from other companies, we may be subject to allegations that they have been improperly solicited or divulged proprietary or other confidential information. If we are unable to attract or retain qualified engineers, our ability to innovate, introduce new products and compete would be adversely impacted, and our financial condition and results of operations may suffer. 9 Item 1A. Risk Factors Table of Contents A failure to hire and integrate additional sales and marketing personnel or maintain their productivity could adversely affect our results of operations and growth prospects. Our business requires intensive sales and marketing activities. Our sales and marketing personnel are essential to attracting new customers and expanding sales to existing customers, both of which are key to our future growth. We face a number of challenges in successfully expanding our sales force. We must locate and hire a significant number of qualified individuals, and competition for such individuals is intense. In addition, as we expand into new markets with which we have less familiarity, we will need to recruit individuals who are multilingual or who have skills particular to a certain geography, and it may be difficult to find candidates with those qualifications. We may be unable to achieve our hiring or integration goals due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the number of individuals we hire, challenges in finding individuals with the correct background due to increased competition for such hires and increased attrition rates among new hires. Furthermore, based on our past experience, it often can take up to 18 months before a new sales force member is trained and operating at a level that meets our expectations. We invest significant time and resources in training new members of our sales force and we may be unable to achieve our target performance levels with new sales personnel as rapidly as we have done in the past due to larger numbers of hires or lack of experience training sales personnel to operate in new jurisdictions. Our failure to hire a sufficient number of qualified individuals, or to integrate new sales force members within the time periods we have achieved historically, may materially impact our projected growth rate. If we fail to manage our rapid growth effectively, our business and results of operations will be adversely affected. We have experienced rapid growth in a relatively short period of time. Our revenues grew from $53.4 million in 2012 to $101.3 million in 2014. Our number of employees and independent contractors increased from 399 as of December 31, 2012 to 840 as of December 31, 2014. During this period, we also established and expanded our operations in a number of countries outside the United States. We intend to continue to grow our business. For example, we plan to continue to hire new employees, particularly in our sales and marketing and research and development groups. If we cannot adequately train these new employees, including our sales force, software engineers and customer support staff, our sales may not grow at the rates we project or our customers may lose confidence in the knowledge and capability of our employees. In addition, we are expanding our current operations, including in additional countries where we have not previously had a presence, and we intend to make direct and substantial investments to continue our expansion efforts. We must successfully manage our growth to achieve our objectives. Although our business has experienced significant growth in the past, we cannot provide any assurance that our business will continue to grow at the same rate, or at all. Our ability to effectively manage any significant growth of our business will depend on a number of factors, including our ability to do the following: 10 • effectively recruit, integrate, train and motivate a large number of new employees, including our sales force and engineers, while retaining existing employees, maintaining the beneficial aspects of our corporate culture and effectively executing our business plan; • satisfy existing customers and attract new customers; • effectively manage existing channel partnerships and expand to new ones; • successfully introduce new products and enhancements; • improve our key business applications and processes to support our business needs; • enhance information and communication systems to ensure that our employees and offices around the world are well-coordinated and can effectively communicate with each other and our growing customer base; • enhance our internal controls to ensure timely and accurate reporting of all of our operations and financial results; • protect and further develop our strategic assets, including our intellectual property rights; and • make sound business decisions in light of the scrutiny associated with operating as a public company. Table of Contents These activities will require significant investments and allocation of valuable management and employee resources, and our growth will continue to place significant demands on our management and our operational and financial infrastructure. There are no guarantees we will be able to grow our business in an efficient or timely manner, or at all. Moreover, if we do not effectively manage the growth of our business and operations, the quality of our software could suffer, which could negatively affect our brand, results of operations and overall business. Our failure to continually enhance and improve our human-generated unstructured data technology could adversely affect sales of our products. The market is characterized by the exponential growth in human-generated unstructured data, rapid technological advances, changes in customer requirements, including customer requirements driven by changes to legal, regulatory and self-regulatory compliance mandates, frequent new product introductions and enhancements and evolving industry standards in computer hardware and software technology. As a result, we must continually change and improve our products in response to changes in operating systems, application software, computer and communications hardware, networking software, data center architectures, programming tools and computer language technology. Moreover, the technology in our products is especially complex because it needs to effectively identify and respond to a user’s data retention, security and governance needs, while minimizing the impact on database and file system performance. Our products must also successfully interoperate with products from other vendors. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to anticipate future market needs and opportunities or be able to extend our technological expertise and develop new products or expand the functionality of our current products in a timely manner or at all. Even if we are able to anticipate, develop and introduce new products and expand the functionality of our current products, there can be no assurance that enhancements or new products will achieve widespread market acceptance. Our product enhancements or new products could fail to attain sufficient market acceptance for many reasons, including: If we fail to anticipate market requirements or stay abreast of technological changes, we may be unable to successfully introduce new products, expand the functionality of our current products or convince our customers and potential customers of the value of our solutions in light of new technologies. Accordingly, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. We are dependent on the continued services and performance of our two founders, the loss of either of whom could adversely affect our business. Our future performance depends on the continued services and continuing contributions of our two founders, Yakov Faitelson, our Chief Executive Officer and President, and Ohad Korkus, our Chief Technology Officer, to execute on our business plan and to identify and pursue new opportunities and product innovations. The loss of services of either of Mr. Faitelson or Mr. Korkus could significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our development and strategic objectives. We carry key-man insurance on Mr. Faitelson and Mr. Korkus; however, the amount of any such insurance would likely be insufficient to compensate for the impact of losing their services. 11 • failure to accurately predict market demand in terms of product functionality and to supply products that meet this demand in a timely fashion; • inability to interoperate effectively with the database technologies and file systems of prospective customers; • defects, errors or failures; • negative publicity or customer complaints about performance or effectiveness; and • poor business conditions, causing customers to delay IT purchases. Table of Contents We may face increased competition in our market. While there are some companies which offer certain features similar to those imbedded in our solutions, as well as others with whom we compete in certain tactical use cases, we believe that we do not currently compete with a company that offers the same breadth of functionalities that we offer in a single integrated solution. Nevertheless, we do compete against a select group of software vendors that provide standalone solutions, similar to those found in our comprehensive software suite, in the specific markets in which we operate. We also face direct competition with respect to certain of our products, specifically DatAnywhere, Data Transport Engine, DatAnswers and DatAdvantage for Directory Services. In the future, as customer requirements evolve and new technologies are introduced, we may experience increased competition if established or emerging companies develop solutions that address the human-generated unstructured data market. Furthermore, because we operate in a relatively new and evolving area, we anticipate that competition will increase based on customer demand for these types of products. In particular, if a more established company were to target our market, we may face significant competition. They may have competitive advantages, such as greater name recognition, larger sales, marketing, research and acquisition resources, access to larger customer bases and channel partners, a longer operating history and lower labor and development costs, which may enable them to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements or devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do. Increased competition could result in us failing to attract customers or maintain licenses at the same rate. It could also lead to price cuts, alternative pricing structures or the introduction of products available for free or a nominal price, reduced gross margins, longer sales cycles and loss of market share. In addition, our current or prospective channel partners may establish cooperative relationships with any future competitors. These relationships may allow future competitors to rapidly gain significant market share. These developments could also limit our ability to obtain revenues from existing and new customers. Our ability to compete successfully in our market will also depend on a number of factors, including ease and speed of product deployment and use, the quality and reliability of our customer service and support, total cost of ownership, return on investment and brand recognition. Any failure by us to successfully address current or future competition in any one of these or other areas may reduce the demand for our products and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. We have a history of losses, and we may not be profitable in the future. We have incurred net losses in each year since our inception, including net losses of $19.4 million, $7.5 million and $4.8 million in the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Because the market for our software is rapidly evolving and has not yet reached widespread adoption, it is difficult for us to predict our future results of operations. We expect our operating expenses to increase over the next several years as we hire additional personnel, particularly in sales and marketing and research and development groups, expand and improve the effectiveness of our distribution channels, and continue to develop features and applications for our software. We have a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to evaluate and predict our future prospects and may increase the risk that we will not be successful. We were established in 2004 and have a short history operating our business. This limited operating history, as well as the early stage of our relationships with many of our channel partners and customers, makes financial forecasting and evaluation of our business difficult. We also operate in a new and growing market that may not develop as expected. Because we depend in part on the market’s acceptance of our products, it is difficult to evaluate trends that may affect our business. If our assumptions regarding these trends and uncertainties, which we use to plan our business, are incorrect or change in reaction to changes in the market, our operating and financial results could differ materially from our expectations and our business could suffer. 12 Table of Contents Our future success will depend in large part on our ability to, among other things: If we fail to address these and other risks and difficulties, our business will be adversely affected and our business, operations and financial results will suffer. Prolonged economic uncertainties or downturns could materially adversely affect our business. Our business depends on our current and prospective customers’ ability and willingness to invest money in information technology services, which in turn is dependent upon their overall economic health. Negative conditions in the general economy both in the United States and abroad, including conditions resulting from financial and credit market fluctuations and terrorist attacks on the United States, Europe, Asia Pacific or elsewhere, could cause a decrease in corporate spending on enterprise software in general. Continuing uncertainty in the global economy, particularly in Europe, which accounted for approximately one-third of our revenues in 2014, makes it extremely difficult for our customers and us to forecast and plan future business activities accurately, and could cause our customers to reevaluate decisions to purchase our product or to delay their purchasing decisions, which could lengthen our sales cycles. We have a significant number of customers in the financial services, the public sector and the healthcare and industrial industries. A substantial downturn in any of these industries, or a reduction in public sector spending, may cause enterprises to react to worsening conditions by reducing their capital expenditures in general or by specifically reducing their spending on information technology. Customers may delay or cancel information technology projects, choose to focus on in-house development efforts or seek to lower their costs by renegotiating maintenance and support agreements. To the extent purchases of licenses for our software are perceived by customers and potential customers to be discretionary, our revenues may be disproportionately affected by delays or reductions in general information technology spending. In addition, the increased pace of consolidation in certain industries may result in reduced overall spending on our software. If the economic conditions of the general economy or industries in which we operate worsen from present levels, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. If we are unable to maintain successful relationships with our channel partners, our business could be adversely affected. We rely on channel partners, such as distribution partners and resellers, to sell licenses and support and maintenance agreements for our software. In 2014, our channel partners fulfilled the vast majority of our sales, and we expect that sales to channel partners will continue to account for a substantial portion of our revenues for the foreseeable future. Our ability to achieve revenue growth in the future will depend in part on our success in maintaining successful relationships with our channel partners. Our agreements with our channel partners are generally non-exclusive, meaning our channel partners may offer customers the products of several different companies. If our channel partners do not effectively market and sell our software, choose to use greater efforts to market and sell their own products or those of others, or fail to meet the needs of our customers, our ability to grow our business, sell our software and maintain our reputation may be adversely affected. Our contracts with our channel partners generally allow them to terminate their agreements for 13 • maintain and expand our business, including our customer base and operations, to support our growth, both domestically and internationally; • develop new products and services and bring products and services in beta to market; • renew maintenance and support agreements with, and sell additional products to, existing customers; • hire, integrate, train and retain skilled talent, including members of our sales force and software engineers; and • maintain compliance with applicable governmental regulations and other legal obligations, including those related to intellectual property, international sales and taxation. Table of Contents any reason upon 30 days’ notice. A termination of the agreement has no effect on orders already placed. The loss of a substantial number of our channel partners, our possible inability to replace them, or the failure to recruit additional channel partners could materially and adversely affect our results of operations. If we are unable to maintain our relationships with these channel partners, our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows could be adversely affected. If our technical support or professional services are not satisfactory to our customers, they may not renew their maintenance and support agreements or buy future products, which could adversely affect our future results of operations. Our business relies on our customers’ satisfaction with the technical support and professional services we provide to support our products. While substantially all of our software is sold under perpetual license agreements, all of our maintenance and support agreements are sold on a term basis. Our customers typically purchase one year of software maintenance and support as part of their initial purchase of our products, with an option to renew their maintenance agreements. In order for us to maintain and improve our results of operations, it is important that our existing customers renew their maintenance and support agreements when the contract term expires. For example, our maintenance renewal rate for each of the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was over 90%, and maintenance and service revenues have increased as a percentage of our revenues in each of such years. If we fail to provide technical support services that are responsive, satisfy our customers’ expectations and resolve issues that they encounter with our products and services, then they may elect not to purchase or renew annual maintenance and support contracts and they may choose not to purchase additional products and services from us. Accordingly, our failure to provide satisfactory technical support or professional services could lead our customers not to renew their agreements with us or renew on terms less favorable to us, and therefore have a material and adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Because we derive substantially all of our revenues and cash flows from sales of licenses for a single platform of products, failure of the products in the platform to satisfy customers or to achieve increased market acceptance would adversely affect our business. In 2014, we generated substantially all of our revenues from sales of licenses for our platform of products that encompasses four of our current products, DatAdvantage, DataPrivilege, IDU Classification Framework and Data Transport Engine. We expect to continue to derive a majority of our revenues from license sales relating to this platform in the future. As such, market acceptance of this platform of products is critical to our continued success. Demand for licenses for our platform of products is affected by a number of factors, some of which are outside of our control, including continued market acceptance of our software by referenceable accounts for existing and new use cases, technological change and growth or contraction in our market. We expect the proliferation of unstructured data to lead to an increase in the data analysis demands, and data security and retention concerns, of our customers, and our software, including the software underlying our platform of products, may not be able to scale and perform to meet those demands. If we are unable to continue to meet customer demands or to achieve more widespread market acceptance of our software, our business, operations, financial results and growth prospects will be materially and adversely affected. Failure to protect our proprietary technology and intellectual property rights could substantially harm our business. The success of our business depends on our ability to obtain, protect and enforce our trade secrets, trademarks, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property rights. We attempt to protect our intellectual property under patent, trademark, copyrights and trade secret laws, and through a combination of confidentiality procedures, contractual provisions and other methods, all of which offer only limited protection. As of January 31, 2015, we had 16 issued patents in the United States and 47 pending U.S. patent applications. We also had three patents issued and 63 applications pending for examination in non-U.S. jurisdictions, and 45 pending Patent Cooperation Treaty patent applications, all of which are counterparts of our U.S. patent applications. We may file additional patent applications in the future. The process of obtaining patent protection is expensive and time-consuming, and we may not be able to prosecute all necessary or desirable patent applications at 14 Table of Contents a reasonable cost or in a timely manner all the way through to the successful issuance of a patent. We may choose not to seek patent protection for certain innovations and may choose not to pursue patent protection in certain jurisdictions. Furthermore, it is possible that our patent applications may not issue as granted patents, that the scope of our issued patents will be insufficient or not have the coverage originally sought, that our issued patents will not provide us with any competitive advantages, and that our patents and other intellectual property rights may be challenged by others or invalidated through administrative process or litigation. In addition, issuance of a patent does not guarantee that we have an absolute right to practice the patented invention. Our policy is to require our employees (and our consultants and service providers that develop intellectual property included in our products) to execute written agreements in which they assign to us their rights in potential inventions and other intellectual property created within the scope of their employment (or, with respect to consultants and service providers, their engagement to develop such intellectual property), but we cannot assure you that we have adequately protected our rights in every such agreement or that we have executed an agreement with every such party. Finally, in order to benefit from patent and other intellectual property protection, we must monitor, detect and pursue infringement claims in certain circumstances in relevant jurisdictions, all of which is costly and time-consuming. As a result, we may not be able to obtain adequate protection or to enforce our issued patents or other intellectual property effectively. In addition to patented technology, we rely on our unpatented proprietary technology and trade secrets. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary technologies and our intellectual property rights, unauthorized parties, including our employees, consultants, service providers or customers, may attempt to copy aspects of our products or obtain and use our trade secrets or other confidential information. We generally enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants, service providers, vendors, channel partners and customers, and generally limit access to and distribution of our proprietary information and proprietary technology through certain procedural safeguards. These agreements may not effectively prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our intellectual property or technology and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of our intellectual property or technology. We cannot assure you that the steps taken by us will prevent misappropriation of our trade secrets or technology or infringement of our intellectual property. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries where we operate do not protect our proprietary rights to as great an extent as the laws of the United States, and many foreign countries do not enforce these laws as diligently as government agencies and private parties in the United States. Moreover, industries in which we operate, such as data security, data retention and data governance are characterized by the existence of a large number of relevant patents and frequent claims and related litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights. From time to time, third parties have asserted and may assert their patent, copyright, trademark and other intellectual property rights against us, our channel partners or our customers. Successful claims of infringement or misappropriation by a third party could prevent us from distributing certain products or performing certain services or could require us to pay substantial damages (including, for example, treble damages if we are found to have willfully infringed patents and increased statutory damages if we are found to have willfully infringed copyrights), royalties or other fees. Such claims also could require us to cease making, licensing or using solutions that are alleged to infringe or misappropriate the intellectual property of others or to expend additional development resources to attempt to redesign our products or services or otherwise to develop non-infringing technology. Even if third parties may offer a license to their technology, the terms of any offered license may not be acceptable, and the failure to obtain a license or the costs associated with any license could cause our business, results of operations or financial condition to be materially and adversely affected. In some cases, we indemnify our channel partners and customers against claims that our products infringe the intellectual property of third parties. Defending against claims of infringement or being deemed to be infringing the intellectual property rights of others could impair our ability to innovate, develop, distribute and sell our current and planned products and services. If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights and ensure that we are not violating the intellectual property rights of others, we may find ourselves at a competitive disadvantage to others who need not incur the additional expense, time and effort required to create the innovative products that have enabled us to be successful to date. 15 Table of Contents Interruptions or performance problems associated with our website or support website may adversely affect our business. Our continued growth depends in part on the ability of our existing and potential customers to quickly access our website and support website. Access to our support website is also imperative to our daily operations and interaction with customers, as it allows customers to download our software, fixes and patches, as well as open and respond to support tickets and register license keys for evaluation or production purposes. We have experienced, and may in the future experience, website disruptions, outages and other performance problems due to a variety of factors, including natural disasters, infrastructure changes, human or software errors, capacity constraints due to an overwhelming number of users accessing our website simultaneously and denial of service or fraud or security attacks. In some instances, we may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these website performance problems within an acceptable period of time. It may become increasingly difficult to maintain and improve the performance of our websites, especially during peak usage times and as our software becomes more complex and our user traffic increases. If our websites are unavailable or if our users are unable to download our software, patches or fixes within a reasonable amount of time or at all, we may suffer reputational harm and our business would be negatively affected. Real or perceived errors, failures or bugs in our software could adversely affect our growth prospects. Because our software uses complex technology, undetected errors, failures or bugs may occur. Our software is often installed and used in a variety of computing environments with different operating system management software, and equipment and networking configurations, which may cause errors or failures of our software or other aspects of the computing environment into which it is deployed. In addition, deployment of our software into computing environments may expose undetected errors, compatibility issues, failures or bugs in our software. Despite testing by us, errors, failures or bugs may not be found in our software until it is released to our customers. Moreover, our customers could incorrectly implement or inadvertently misuse our software, which could result in customer dissatisfaction and adversely impact the perceived utility of our products as well as our brand. Any of these real or perceived errors, compatibility issues, failures or bugs in our software could result in negative publicity, reputational harm, loss of or delay in market acceptance of our software, loss of competitive position or claims by customers for losses sustained by them. In such an event, we may be required, or may choose, for customer relations or other reasons, to expend additional resources in order to help correct the problem. If our software is perceived as not being secure, customers may reduce the use of or stop using our software, and we may incur significant liabilities. Our software involves the transmission of data between data stores, and between data stores and desktop and mobile computers, and may in the future involve the storage of data. Any security breaches with respect to such data could result in the loss of this information, litigation, indemnity obligations and other liabilities. While we have taken steps to protect the confidential information that we have access to, including confidential information we may obtain through our customer support services or customer usage of our products, we have no direct control over the substance of the content. Therefore, if customers use our software for the transmission of personally identifiable information and our security measures are breached as a result of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, our reputation could be damaged, our business may suffer and we could incur significant liability. Because techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not identified until they are launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. While we maintain insurance coverage for some of the above events, the potential liabilities associated with these events could exceed the insurance coverage we maintain. Any or all of these issues could tarnish our reputation, negatively impact our ability to attract new customers or sell additional products to our existing customers, cause existing customers to elect not to renew their maintenance and support agreements or subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines or other action or liability, thereby adversely affecting our results of operations. We are subject to federal, state and industry privacy and data security regulations, which could result in additional costs and liabilities to us or inhibit sales of our software. Although our software does not transmit our customers’ data to us, we collect and utilize demographic and other information, including personally identifiable information, from and about users (such as customers, potential customers and others) as they interact with us over the internet and otherwise provide us with information whether via our website or blog or through email or other means. Users may provide personal information to us in many 16 Table of Contents contexts, including through our direct telephonic support service, blog alert sign-up, product purchase, survey registration, or when accessing our online support portals or using other community or social networking features. Because we may collect and utilize this information, we are subject to laws and regulations regarding the collection, use and disclosure of personal information. In the United States, these include rules and regulations promulgated under the authority of the Federal Trade Commission, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, and state breach notification laws. Internationally, virtually every jurisdiction in which we operate has established its own data security and privacy legal framework with which we or our customers must comply, including the Data Protection Directive established in the European Union and the Federal Data Protection Act recently implemented in Germany. Further, the regulatory framework for privacy issues worldwide is rapidly evolving and is likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. Many federal, state and foreign government bodies and agencies have adopted or are considering adopting laws and regulations. In addition, privacy advocates and industry groups may propose new and different self-regulatory standards that either legally or contractually apply to us. Because the interpretation and application of privacy and data protection laws are still uncertain, it is possible that these laws may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent with our existing data management practices or the features of our software. If so, in addition to the possibility of fines, lawsuits and other claims, we could be required to fundamentally change our business activities and practices or modify our software, which could have an adverse effect on our business. Any inability to adequately address privacy concerns, even if unfounded, or comply with applicable privacy or data protection laws, regulations and policies, could result in additional cost and liability to us, damage our reputation, inhibit sales and adversely affect our business. Our use of open source software could negatively affect our ability to sell our software and subject us to possible litigation. We use open source software and expect to continue to use open source software in the future. Some open source software licenses require users who distribute open source software as part of their own software product to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to such software product or to make available any derivative works of the open source code on unfavorable terms or at no cost. We may face ownership claims of third parties over, or seeking to enforce the license terms applicable to, such open source software, including by demanding the release of the open source software, derivative works or our proprietary source code that was developed using such software. These claims could also result in litigation, require us to purchase a costly license or require us to devote additional research and development resources to change our software, any of which would have a negative effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, if the license terms for the open source code change, we may be forced to re-engineer our software or incur additional costs. Finally, we cannot assure you that we have incorporated open source software into our own software in a manner that conforms with our current policies and procedures. Our business is highly dependent upon our brand recognition and reputation, and the failure to maintain or enhance our brand recognition or reputation may adversely affect our business. We believe that enhancing the “Varonis” brand identity and maintaining our reputation in the information technology industry is critical to our relationships with our customers and to our ability to attract new customers. Our brand recognition and reputation is dependent upon: 17 • our ability to continue to offer high-quality, innovative and error- and bug-free products; • our ability to maintain customer satisfaction with our products; • our ability to be responsive to customer concerns and provide high quality customer support, training and professional services; • our marketing efforts; • any misuse or perceived misuse of our products; • positive or negative publicity; • interruptions, delays or attacks on our website; and • litigation or regulatory-related developments. Table of Contents We may not be able to successfully promote our brand or maintain our reputation. In addition, independent industry analysts often provide reviews of our products, as well as other products available in the market, and perception of our product in the marketplace may be significantly influenced by these reviews. If these reviews are negative, or less positive than reviews about other products available in the market, our brand may be adversely affected. Furthermore, negative publicity relating to events or activities attributed to us, our employees, our channel partners or others associated with any of these parties, may tarnish our reputation and reduce the value of our brand. Damage to our reputation and loss of brand equity may reduce demand for our products and have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Any attempts to rebuild our reputation and restore the value of our brand may be costly and time consuming, and such efforts may not ultimately be successful. Moreover, it may be difficult to enhance our brand and maintain our reputation in connection with sales to channel partners. Promoting our brand requires us to make substantial expenditures, and we anticipate that the expenditures will increase as our market becomes more competitive, as we expand into new markets and geographies and as more sales are generated to our channel partners. To the extent that these activities yield increased revenues, these revenues may not offset the increased expenses we incur. If we do not successfully enhance our brand and maintain our reputation, our business may not grow, we may have reduced pricing power relative to competitors with stronger brands, and we could lose customers, all of which would adversely affect our business, operations and financial results. Our long-term growth depends, in part, on being able to continue to expand internationally on a profitable basis, which subjects us to risks associated with conducting international operations. Historically, we have generated a majority of our revenues from customers in the United States. In 2014, approximately 56% of our total revenues were derived from sales in the United States. Nevertheless, we have operations across the globe, and we plan to continue to expand our international operations as part of our growth strategy. The further expansion of our international operations will subject us to a variety of risks and challenges, including: 18 • sales and customer service challenges associated with operating in different countries; • increased management, travel, infrastructure and legal compliance costs associated with having multiple international operations; • difficulties in receiving payments from different geographies, including difficulties associated with currency fluctuations, payment cycles, transfer of funds or collecting accounts receivable, especially in emerging markets; • variations in economic or political conditions between each country or region; • economic uncertainty around the world and adverse effects arising from economic interdependencies across countries and regions; • compliance with foreign laws and regulations and the risks and costs of non-compliance with such laws and regulations; • compliance with laws and regulations for foreign operations, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, or the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act of 2010, import and export control laws, tariffs, trade barriers, economic sanctions and other regulatory or contractual limitations on our ability to sell our software in certain foreign markets, and the risks and costs of non-compliance; • heightened risks of unfair or corrupt business practices in certain geographies and of improper or fraudulent sales arrangements that may impact financial results and result in restatements of financial statements and irregularities in financial statements; • reduced protection for intellectual property rights in certain countries and practical difficulties and costs of enforcing rights abroad; and • compliance with the laws of numerous foreign taxing jurisdictions and overlapping of different tax regimes. Table of Contents Any of these risks could adversely affect our international operations, reduce our revenues from outside the United States or increase our operating costs, adversely affecting our business, results of operations and financial condition and growth prospects. There can be no assurance that all of our employees, independent contractors and channel partners will comply with the formal policies we have and will implement, or applicable laws and regulations. Violations of laws or key control policies by our employees, independent contractors and channel partners could result in delays in revenue recognition, financial reporting misstatements, fines, penalties or the prohibition of the importation or exportation of our software and services and could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Significant changes in the contracting or fiscal policies of the public sector, or our failure to comply with certain laws or regulations, could have a material adverse effect on the business we do with the public sector. We derive a portion of our revenues from governments and government-owned or -controlled entities (such as public health care bodies, educational institutions and utilities), which we refer to as the public sector herein, and we believe that the success and growth of our business will continue to depend on our successful procurement of public sector contracts. Factors that could impede our ability to maintain or increase the amount of revenues derived from public sector contracts include: Furthermore, we must comply with laws and regulations relating to public sector contracting, which affect how we and our channel partners do business in both the United States and abroad. These laws and regulations may impose added costs on our business, and failure to comply with these or other applicable regulations and requirements, including non-compliance in the past, could lead to claims for damages from our channel partners, penalties, termination of contracts, and temporary suspension or permanent debarment from public sector contracting. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could cause public sector customers to delay or refrain from purchasing licenses of our software in the future or otherwise have an adverse effect on our business, operations and financial results. We are subject to governmental export and import controls that could subject us to liability or impair our ability to compete in international markets. We incorporate encryption technology into certain of our products and these products are subject to U.S. export control. We are also subject to Israeli export controls on encryption technology since our product development initiatives are primarily conducted by our wholly-owned Israeli subsidiary. We have obtained the required licenses to export our products outside of the United States. In addition, the current encryption means used in our products are listed in the “free means encryption items” published by the Israeli Ministry of Defense, which means we are exempt from obtaining an encryption control license. If the applicable U.S. or Israeli legal requirements regarding the export of encryption technology were to change or if we change the encryption means in our products, we may need to apply for new licenses in the United States and may no longer be able to rely on our licensing exception in Israel. There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain the required licenses under these circumstances. Furthermore, various other countries regulate the import of certain encryption technology, including import permitting and licensing requirements, and have enacted laws that could limit our ability to distribute our products or could limit our customers’ ability to implement our products in those countries. 19 • changes in public sector fiscal or contracting policies; • decreases in available public sector funding; • changes in public sector programs or applicable requirements; • the adoption of new laws or regulations or changes to existing laws or regulations; • potential delays or changes in the public sector appropriations or other funding authorization processes; and • delays in the payment of our invoices by public sector payment offices. Table of Contents We are also subject to U.S. and Israeli export control and economic sanctions laws, which prohibit the shipment of certain products to embargoed or sanctioned countries, governments and persons. Our products could be exported to these sanctioned targets by our channel partners despite the contractual undertakings they have given us and any such export could have negative consequences, including government investigations, penalties and reputational harm. Any change in export or import regulations, economic sanctions or related legislation, shift in the enforcement or scope of existing regulations, or change in the countries, governments, persons or technologies targeted by such regulations, could result in decreased use of our products by, or in our decreased ability to export or sell our products to, existing or potential customers with international operations. Any decreased use of our products or limitation on our ability to export or sell our products would likely adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our business in countries with a history of corruption and transactions with foreign governments increase the risks associated with our international activities. As we operate and sell internationally, we are subject to the FCPA and other laws that prohibit improper payments or offers of payments to foreign governments and their officials and political parties for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We have operations, deal with and make sales to governmental customers in countries known to experience corruption, particularly certain emerging countries in Eastern Europe, South and Central America, East Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Our activities in these countries create the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments by one of our employees, consultants, channel partners or sales agents that could be in violation of various anti-corruption laws, even though these parties may not be under our control. While we have implemented safeguards to prevent these practices by our employees, consultants, channel partners and sales agents, our existing safeguards and any future improvements may prove to be less than effective, and our employees, consultants, channel partners or sales agents may engage in conduct for which we might be held responsible. Violations of the FCPA may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions, including suspension or debarment from U.S. government contracting, and we may be subject to other liabilities, which could negatively affect our business, operating results and financial condition. If currency exchange rates fluctuate substantially in the future, our results of operations, which are reported in U.S. dollars, could be adversely affected. Our functional and reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, and we generate a majority of our revenues and incur a majority of our expenses in U.S. dollars. Revenues and expenses are also incurred in other currencies, primarily Euros, the Pounds Sterling, Canadian dollar and New Israeli Shekels, or NIS. Accordingly, changes in exchange rates may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. The exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies have fluctuated substantially in recent years and may continue to fluctuate substantially in the future. Furthermore, a strengthening of the U.S. dollar could increase the cost in local currency of our software to customers outside the United States, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. We incur expenses for employee compensation and other operating expenses at our non-U.S. locations in the local currencies. The weakening of the U.S. dollar against such currencies would cause the dollar equivalent of such expenses to increase. This could have a negative impact on our reported results of operations. We use forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge or mitigate the effect of changes in foreign exchange rates on our operating expenses denominated in certain foreign currencies. However, this strategy might not eliminate our exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations and involves costs and risks of its own, such as cash expenditures, ongoing management time and expertise, external costs to implement the strategy and potential accounting implications. Additionally, our hedging activities may contribute to increased losses as a result of volatility in foreign currency markets. 20 Table of Contents Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes may be limited if we undergo an “ownership change.” Our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) and other tax attributes could be limited if we undergo an “ownership change” within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). An ownership change is generally defined as a greater than 50 percentage point increase in equity ownership by 5% stockholders in any three-year period. If an ownership change occurred as a result of future equity issuances, we may not be able to fully realize the benefits of these NOLs. Also, the cash tax benefit from our NOLs is dependent upon our ability to generate sufficient taxable income. Accordingly, we may be unable to earn enough taxable income in order to fully utilize our current NOLs. Changes in our provision for income taxes or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income tax returns could adversely affect our results. We are subject to income taxation in the United States, Israel and numerous other jurisdictions. Determining our provision for income taxes requires significant management judgment. In addition, our provision for income taxes could be adversely affected by many factors, including, among other things, changes to our operating structure, changes in the amounts of earnings in jurisdictions with different statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities and changes in tax laws. We are subject to ongoing tax examinations in various jurisdictions. Tax authorities may disagree with our intercompany charges, cross-jurisdictional transfer pricing or other matters and assess additional taxes. While we regularly evaluate the likely outcomes of these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes, there can be no assurance that the outcomes of such examinations will not have a material impact on our results of operations and cash flows. In addition, we may be audited in various jurisdictions, and such jurisdictions may assess additional taxes against us. Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, the final determination of any tax audits or litigation could be materially different from our historical tax provisions and accruals, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or cash flows in the period or periods for which a determination is made. Significant judgment is required to determine the recognition and measurement attributes prescribed in Accounting Standards Codification, (“ASC 740-10-25”). In addition, ASC 740-10-25 applies to all income tax positions, including the potential recovery of previously paid taxes, which if settled unfavorably could adversely impact our provision for income taxes. Further, as a result of certain of our ongoing employment and capital investment actions and commitments, our income in certain countries is subject to reduced tax rates. Our failure to meet these commitments could adversely impact our provision for income taxes. In addition, we are subject to the continuous examination of our income tax returns by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. There can be no assurance that the outcomes from these continuous examinations will not have an adverse effect on our results of operations. The enactment of legislation changing the United States taxation of international business activities or the adoption of other tax reform policies could materially impact our financial position and results of operations. Recent changes to U.S. tax laws, including limitations on the ability of taxpayers to claim and utilize foreign tax credits and the deferral of certain tax deductions until earnings outside the United States are repatriated to the United States, as well as changes to U.S. tax laws that may be enacted in the future, could impact the tax treatment of our foreign earnings. Due to the expansion of our international business activities, any changes in the U.S. taxation of such activities may increase our worldwide effective tax rate and adversely affect our financial position and results of operations. We conduct our operations in a number of jurisdictions worldwide and report our taxable income based on our business operations in those jurisdictions. Our intercompany relationships are subject to transfer pricing regulations administered by taxing authorities in various jurisdictions. The relevant taxing authorities may disagree with our determinations as to the income and expenses attributable to specific jurisdictions. If such a disagreement were to occur, and our position were not sustained, we could be required to pay additional taxes, interest and penalties, which could result in one-time tax charges, higher effective tax rates, reduced cash flows and lower overall profitability of our operations. 21 Table of Contents We may require additional capital to support our business growth, and this capital might not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. We intend to continue to make investments to support our business growth and may require additional funds to respond to business challenges, including the need to develop new features or enhance our software, improve our operating infrastructure or acquire complementary businesses and technologies. Accordingly, we may need to engage in equity or debt financing to secure additional funds. If we raise additional funds through future issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences and privileges superior to those of holders of our common stock. Any debt financing that we may secure in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. We may not be able to obtain additional financing on terms favorable to us, if at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing on terms satisfactory to us when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be significantly impaired, and our business may be adversely affected. Our business is subject to the risks of fire, power outages, floods, earthquakes and other catastrophic events, and to interruption by manmade problems such as terrorism. A significant natural disaster, such as a fire, flood or an earthquake, or a significant power outage could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In the event our customers’ information technology systems or our channel partners’ selling or distribution abilities are hindered by any of these events, we may miss financial targets, such as revenues and sales targets, for a particular quarter. Further, if a natural disaster occurs in a region from which we derive a significant portion of our revenue, customers in that region may delay or forego purchases of our products, which may materially and adversely impact our results of operations for a particular period. In addition, acts of terrorism could cause disruptions in our business or the business of channel partners, customers or the economy as a whole. Given our typical concentration of sales at each quarter end, any disruption in the business of our channel partners or customers that impacts sales at the end of our quarter could have a significant adverse impact on our quarterly results. All of the aforementioned risks may be augmented if the disaster recovery plans for us and our channel partners prove to be inadequate. To the extent that any of the above results in delays or cancellations of customer orders, or the delay in the manufacture, deployment or shipment of our products, our business, financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected. Risks Related to our Operations in Israel Conditions in Israel may limit our ability to develop and sell our products, which could result in a decrease of our revenues. Our principal research and development facility, which also houses a portion of our support and general and administrative teams, is located in Israel. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its neighboring countries, as well as incidents of terror activities and other hostilities, and a number of state and non-state actors have publicly committed to its destruction. Political, economic and security conditions in Israel could directly affect our operations. We could be adversely affected by hostilities involving Israel, including acts of terrorism or any other hostilities involving or threatening Israel, the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its trading partners, a significant increase in inflation or a significant downturn in the economic or financial condition of Israel. Any on-going or future armed conflicts, terrorist activities, tension along the Israeli borders or with other countries in the region, including Iran, or political instability in the region could disrupt international trading activities in Israel and may materially and negatively affect our business and could harm our results of operations. Certain countries, as well as certain companies and organizations, continue to participate in a boycott of Israeli companies, companies with large Israeli operations and others doing business with Israel and Israeli companies. The boycott, restrictive laws, policies or practices directed towards Israel, Israeli businesses or Israeli citizens could, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business in the future. Some of our officers and employees in Israel are obligated to perform routine military reserve duty in the Israel Defense Forces, depending on their age and position in the armed forces. Furthermore, they have been and may in the future be called to active reserve duty at any time under emergency circumstances for extended periods of time. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence, for a significant period, of one or more of our officers or key employees due to military service, and any significant disruption in our operations could harm our business. 22 Table of Contents We may be required to pay royalties to employees who develop inventions that have been or will be commercialized by us. Under Section 134 to the Israeli Patents Law, 5727-1967 (“Section 134”), if there is no agreement that prescribes whether, to what extent and on what conditions, an employee is entitled to remuneration from commercialization of an invention developed by or with the contribution of such employee in the course of his or her employment, then such matter may, upon application by the employee, be decided by a government-appointed compensation and royalties committee established under the Patents Law (the “Committee”). In a decision issued in February 2010, the Committee ruled that an employee’s assignment of a service invention to his employer does not necessarily negate the employee’s right to receive royalties or other compensation. In a subsequent decision of the Israeli Supreme Court from August 2012 the Supreme Court stated that even if the employee has signed an express written waiver of royalties for inventions made during his employment, the employee can still bring a compensation claim before the Committee. In this respect, the Committee’s recent decision from May 2014 complements and somewhat challenges the previous decisions and asserts that an employee’s right to royalties for service inventions may be waived by contract, including by means of a general waiver, without an express reference to the right under Section 134. The Committee further held that the right to royalties for service inventions as set out in Section 134 is not a mandatory provision (although this issue remained open in the previous decisions), and it is therefore possible to waive this right in an agreement between an employer and an employee. However, it should be noted that, subsequent to this decision, a request for an appeal was filed with the Israeli Supreme Court, although under the Israeli Patents Law the Committee’s decisions cannot be appealed. No decision has yet been given in this matter, and we do not know whether the Israeli Supreme Court will allow for such an appeal to proceed. Since a significant portion of our intellectual property (including our patents) has been developed by our Israeli employees in the course of their employment for us, our policy is to require all of our employees to execute invention assignment agreements upon commencement of employment, in which they assign their rights to potential inventions and acknowledge that they will not be entitled to additional compensation or royalties from commercialization of inventions. However, given the foregoing uncertainty, although narrower than before, with respect to the enforceability of a waiver of the right to future royalties, we may be required to pay royalties to our employees who have invented intellectual property that we have commercialized, which in turn may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. The tax benefits that are available to our Israeli subsidiary require it to continue to meet various conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which could increase its taxes. Our Israeli subsidiary benefits from a status of a “Beneficiary Enterprise” under the Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 5719-1959, or the Investment Law. Based on an evaluation of the relevant factors under the Investment Law, including the level of foreign (i.e., non-Israeli) investment in our Israeli subsidiary, we have determined that the effective tax rate to be paid by our Israeli subsidiary as a “Beneficiary Enterprise” has historically been below 10%. If our Israeli subsidiary does not meet the requirements for maintaining this status, for example, if the Israeli subsidiary materially changes the nature of its business, it may no longer be eligible to enjoy this reduced tax rate. As a result, our Israeli subsidiary would be subject to Israeli corporate tax at the standard rate, which is currently set at 26.5%. Even if our Israeli subsidiary continues to meet the relevant requirements, the tax benefits that the status of “Beneficiary Enterprise” provides may not be continued in the future at their current levels or at all. If these tax benefits were reduced or eliminated, the amount of taxes that our Israeli subsidiary would pay would likely increase, as all of our Israeli operations would consequently be subject to corporate tax at the standard rate, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Additionally, if our Israeli subsidiary increases its activities outside of Israel, for example, through acquisitions, these activities may not be eligible for inclusion in Israeli tax benefit programs. The tax benefits derived from the status of “Beneficiary Enterprise” is dependent upon the ability to generate sufficient taxable income. Accordingly, our Israeli subsidiary may be unable to earn enough taxable income in order to fully utilize its tax benefits. 23 Table of Contents Risks Related to the Ownership of our Common Stock Our stock price has been and will likely continue to be volatile. The market price for our common stock has been, and is likely to continue to be, volatile for the foreseeable future. For example, since shares of our common stock were sold in our initial public offering in March 2014 at a price of $22.00 per share, our common stock’s price on The Nasdaq Global Select Market has ranged from $17.50 to $56.80 through February 18, 2015. On February 18, 2015, the closing price of our common stock was $30.40. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, most of which we cannot predict or control, including the factors listed below and other factors described in this “Risk Factors” section: In addition, the stock markets have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected and continue to affect the market prices of equity securities of many technology companies. Stock prices of many technology companies have fluctuated in a manner unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies. In the past, stockholders have instituted securities class action litigation following periods of market volatility. If we were to become involved in securities litigation, it could subject us to substantial costs, divert resources and the attention of management from our business and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or publish negative reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline. The trading market for our common stock depends in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business, our market and our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our shares or change their opinion of our shares, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline. 24 • actual or anticipated fluctuations in our results or those of our competitors; • the financial projections we may provide to the public, any changes in these projections or our failure to meet these projections; • failure of securities analysts to initiate or maintain coverage of our company, changes in financial estimates by any securities analysts who follow our company, or our failure to meet these estimates or the expectations of investors; • ratings changes by any securities analysts who follow our company; • announcements of new products, services or technologies, commercial relationships, acquisitions or other events by us or our competitors; • fluctuations in stock market prices and trading volumes of securities of similar companies; • general market conditions and overall fluctuations in U.S. equity markets; • changes in accounting principles; • sales of large blocks of our common stock, including sales by our executive officers, directors and significant stockholders; • additions or departures of any of our key personnel; • lawsuits threatened or filed against us; • changing legal or regulatory developments in the United States and other countries; and • other events or factors, including those resulting from war, incidents of terrorism or responses to these events. Table of Contents Substantial future sales of shares of our common stock could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. We have a small public float relative to the total number of shares of our common stock that are issued and outstanding, and a majority of our issued and outstanding shares are currently restricted as a result of securities laws. Some of these shares will be sold into the public market as these restrictions expire. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock into the public market, or the perception that these sales might occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We are unable to predict the effect that such sales may have on the prevailing market price of our common stock. As of December 31, 2014, we had options and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) outstanding that, if fully exercised, would result in the issuance of approximately 4.2 million shares of our common stock. All of the shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of options and RSUs have been registered for public resale under the Securities Act. Accordingly, these shares will be able to be freely sold in the public market upon issuance as permitted by any applicable vesting requirements. In addition, certain holders of our common stock have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering their shares or to include their shares in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or our other stockholders. Future sales and issuances of our capital stock or rights to purchase capital stock could result in additional dilution of the percentage ownership of our stockholders and could cause our stock price to decline. Future sales and issuances of our capital stock or rights to purchase our capital stock could result in substantial dilution to our existing stockholders. We may sell common stock, convertible securities and other equity securities in one or more transactions at prices and in a manner as we may determine from time to time. If we sell any such securities in subsequent transactions, investors may be materially diluted. New investors in such subsequent transactions could gain rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of holders of our common stock. Concentration of ownership among our existing executive officers, directors and their affiliates may delay or prevent other investors from influencing significant corporate decisions. As of December 31, 2014, our executive officers and directors and their affiliates beneficially owned, in the aggregate, approximately 60.8% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, such persons, acting together, have the ability to control our management and affairs and substantially all matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election and removal of directors and approval of any significant transaction. These persons also have the ability to control our management and business affairs. Additionally, these persons’ interests may not be, at all times, the same as those of our other stockholders, and they may vote in a way that is adverse to other stockholders’ interests. Our officers and directors are not simply passive investors but also include our executive officers, and as such their interests as executives may at times be adverse to those of our passive investors. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving us, or discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our business, even if such a transaction would benefit other stockholders. The requirements of being a public company may strain our resources, divert management’s attention and affect our ability to attract and retain executive management and qualified board members. As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the listing requirements of The Nasdaq Global Select Market and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations have increased our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and increase demand on our systems and resources, particularly after we are no longer an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). 25 Table of Contents The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and results of operations. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. In order to maintain and, if required, improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to meet this standard, significant resources and management oversight may be required. As a result, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations. We may need to hire more employees in the future or engage outside consultants to comply with these requirements, which will increase our costs and expenses. In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to their application and practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be adversely affected. However, for as long as we remain an “emerging growth company”, we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We may take advantage of these reporting exemptions until we are no longer an “emerging growth company.” We will remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years. If our non-convertible debt issued within a three year period or revenues exceeds $1 billion, or the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million on the last day of the second fiscal quarter of any given fiscal year, we would cease to be an “emerging growth company” as of the following fiscal year. We may not complete our analysis of our internal control over financial reporting in a timely manner, or these internal controls may not be determined to be effective, which may adversely affect investor confidence in our company and, as a result, the value of our common stock. As a result of becoming a public company, we are obligated to develop and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting. We will be required, pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, to furnish a report by management on, among other things, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2015. This assessment will need to include disclosure of any material weaknesses identified by our management in our internal control over financial reporting. We have commenced the costly and challenging process of compiling the system and processing documentation necessary to perform the evaluation needed to comply with Section 404. We may not be able to complete our evaluation, testing and any required remediation in a timely fashion. During the evaluation and testing process, if we identify one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, we will be unable to assert that our internal controls are effective. We are required to disclose changes made in our internal control and procedures on a quarterly basis. However, our independent registered public accounting firm will not be required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 until the later of the year following our first annual report required to be filed with the SEC, or the date we are no longer an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act if we take advantage of the exemptions contained in the JOBS Act. At such time, our independent 26 Table of Contents registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our controls are documented, designed or operating. Our remediation efforts may not enable us to avoid a material weakness in the future. To comply with the requirements of being a public company, we may need to undertake various actions, such as implementing new internal controls and procedures and hiring accounting or internal audit staff. If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal controls, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which would cause the price of our common stock to decline, and we may be subject to investigation or sanctions by the SEC. We are an “emerging growth company,” and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors. We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies.” We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile. We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock, so any returns will be limited to the value of our stock. We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain any future earnings and do not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will be dependent on a number of factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. In addition, the loan agreement for our credit facility contains a prohibition on the payment of cash dividends. Until such time that we pay a dividend, investors must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize any future gains on their investments. Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of us, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management. Provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may delay or prevent an acquisition of us or a change in our management. These provisions include: In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which limits the ability of stockholders owning in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock to merge or combine with us. Although we believe these provisions collectively provide for 27 • authorizing “blank check” preferred stock, which could be issued by the board without stockholder approval and may contain voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to our common stock, which would increase the number of outstanding shares and could thwart a takeover attempt; • a classified board of directors whose members can only be dismissed for cause; • the prohibition on actions by written consent of our stockholders; • the limitation on who may call a special meeting of stockholders; • the establishment of advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon at stockholder meetings; and • the requirement of at least 75% of the outstanding capital stock to amend any of the foregoing second through fifth provisions. Table of Contents an opportunity to obtain greater value for stockholders by requiring potential acquirers to negotiate with our board of directors, they would apply even if an offer rejected by our board were considered beneficial by some stockholders. In addition, these provisions may frustrate or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management. We do not have any unresolved comments from the SEC staff. Our corporate headquarters are located in New York City in an office consisting of approximately 46,000 square feet. This lease expires in February 2026, although we have the option to both terminate the lease in February 2023 and extend the lease for an additional five years. We also lease a second office in New York City of approximately 7,500 square feet for our professional services and marketing teams which expires on February 28, 2015. Additionally, we currently lease an office located in Herzliya, Israel, consisting of approximately 45,700 square feet, where we employ our research and development team and a portion of our support and general and administrative teams. The lease for this office expires in December 2016, although we have the option to extend the lease for an additional three years. We also lease smaller offices in North Carolina (from which we provide customer support) and in France, Germany, the United Kingdom and Portland, Oregon (which serve as regional sales offices). We believe that our facilities are sufficient to meet our needs for the foreseeable future; however, we will continue to seek additional space as needed to accommodate our growth. We are not currently a party to any material litigation. Not applicable. PART II Market for Registrant’s Common Equity Our common stock is quoted on The NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “VRNS” since February 28, 2014, the date of our initial public offering. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the range of high and low sales prices for our common stock as reported by The NASDAQ Global Select Market: 28 Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments Item 2. Properties Item 3. Legal Proceedings Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 2014 High Low First Quarter $ 56.80 $ 33.61 Second Quarter 38.30 19.69 Third Quarter 31.54 19.21 Fourth Quarter 33.40 17.50 Table of Contents Dividend Policy We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings for use in the operation of our business and do not intend to declare or pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any further determination to pay dividends on our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws, and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors considers relevant. Stockholders As of February 16, 2015, there were 23 stockholders of record of our common stock, including The Depository Trust Company, which holds shares of our common stock on behalf of an indeterminate number of beneficial owners. STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH The following shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or incorporated by reference into any of our other filings under the Exchange Act or the Securities Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing. This chart compares the cumulative total return on our common stock with that of the NASDAQ Composite Index and the NASDAQ Computer Index. The chart assumes $100 was invested at the close of market on February 28, 2014 in our common stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index and the NASDAQ Computer Index, and assumes the reinvestment of any dividends. The stock price performance on the following graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance. The closing price of our common stock on December 31, 2014, the last day of our 2014 fiscal year, was $32.83 per share. Sales of Unregistered Securities None. Use of Proceeds from Public Offerings of Common Stock On March 5, 2014, we closed our initial public offering of 5,520,000 million shares of common stock, including 5,300,436 shares of common stock sold by us (inclusive of 500,436 shares of common stock from the full exercise of the overallotment option of shares granted to the underwriters) and 219,564 shares of common stock sold by the selling stockholder at a price to the public of $22.00 per share. The offer and sale of all of the shares in the IPO were registered under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191840), which was declared effective by the SEC on February 27, 2014. The offering commenced on February 28, 2014, closed on March 5, 2014 and did not terminate before all of the shares in the IPO that were registered in the registration statement were sold. Morgan Stanley & Co. Company/Index 2/28/2014 3/31/2014 6/30/2014 9/30/2014 12/31/2014 VRNS $ 100.00 $ 162.55 $ 131.86 $ 95.91 $ 149.23 NASDAQ Composite $ 100.00 $ 97.22 $ 102.07 $ 104.04 $ 109.66 NASDAQ Computer $ 100.00 $ 98.75 $ 106.77 $ 112.07 $ 116.57 LLC, Barclays Capital Inc., Jefferies LLC, RBC Capital Markets, LLC and Needham & Company, LLC acted as the underwriters. The aggregate offering price for shares sold in the offering was approximately $121.4 million. We did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder. We raised approximately $106.1 million in net proceeds from the offering, after deducting underwriter discounts and commissions of approximately $8.2 million and other offering expenses of approximately $2.4 million. No payments were made by us to directors, officers or persons owning ten percent or more of our common stock or to their associates, or to our affiliates, other than payments in the ordinary course of business to officers for salaries. There has been no material change in the planned use of proceeds from our IPO as described in our final prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act on March 3, 2014. Pending the uses described, we have invested the net proceeds in short-term securities such as certificates of deposit and money market funds. 29 Table of Contents The following selected consolidated historical financial data are derived from our audited financial statements. The consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 and the consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes that are included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 and the consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes which are not included in this report. The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with our historical financial statements, including the notes thereto, and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” included elsewhere in this report. 30 Item 6. Selected Financial Data Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 (in thousands, except share and per share data) Consolidated Statement of Operations Data: Revenues: Licenses $ 58,420 $ 43,488 $ 31,606 $ 25,436 $ 20,235 Maintenance and services 42,928 31,128 21,804 14,343 8,630 Total revenues 101,348 74,616 53,410 39,779 28,865 Cost of revenues (1) 9,911 6,476 4,928 3,524 2,396 Gross profit 91,437 68,140 48,482 36,255 26,469 Operating costs and expenses: Research and development (1) 28,086 20,973 15,034 13,049 7,735 Sales and marketing (1) 68,787 44,131 30,036 22,095 16,608 General and administrative (1) 11,872 8,881 4,966 4,514 3,312 Total operating expenses 108,745 73,985 50,036 39,658 27,655 Operating loss (17,308 ) (5,845 ) (1,554 ) (3,403 ) (1,186 ) Financial expenses, net (1,714 ) (1,274 ) (3,045 ) (171 ) (1,449 ) Loss before income taxes (19,022 ) (7,119 ) (4,599 ) (3,574 ) (2,635 ) Income taxes (376 ) (356 ) (247 ) (224 ) (126 ) Net loss $ (19,398 ) $ (7,475 ) $ (4,846 ) $ (3,798 ) $ (2,761 ) Net loss per share of common stock, basic and diluted (2) $ (0.91 ) $ (1.93 ) $ (1.29 ) $ (1.10 ) $ (0.81 ) Weighted average shares used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted 21,242,313 3,880,761 3,756,761 3,460,612 3,427,823 (1) Includes non-cash stock-based compensation as follows: Table of Contents The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs, and involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of certain events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of several factors, including those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors” included under Part I, Item 1A and elsewhere in this Annual Report. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Annual Report. Overview We provide an innovative software platform that allows enterprises to map, analyze, manage and migrate their unstructured data. We specialize in human-generated data, a type of unstructured data that includes an enterprise’s word processing documents, spreadsheets, presentations, audio files, video files, emails, text messages and any other data created by employees. This data contains an enterprise’s financial information, product plans, strategic initiatives, intellectual property and other forms of vital information. Our proprietary Metadata Framework technology enables enterprises to gain actionable insights from their human-generated data by intelligently extracting critical metadata, or data about data, from an organization’s IT infrastructure and constructing a map of functional relationships among employees, data objects, content and usage through this contextual information. 31 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 (in thousands) Cost of revenues $ 192 $ 39 $ 41 $ 12 $ 12 Research and development 1,198 551 327 81 191 Sales and marketing 2,478 841 284 103 162 General and administrative 796 357 196 39 146 Total $ 4,664 $ 1,788 $ 848 $ 235 $ 511 (2) Basic and diluted net loss per share of common stock is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. For additional information, see Note 2.t to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. As of December 31, 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 (in thousands) Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: Cash, cash equivalents and short-term deposits $ 111,695 $ 13,977 $ 14,813 $ 13,599 $ 12,282 Working capital 99,316 3,376 7,931 9,245 11,317 Total assets 156,847 47,254 37,694 30,887 26,211 Deferred revenues, current and long-term 37,217 28,700 21,273 17,217 11,730 Warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock — 2,866 5,774 2,321 2,555 Convertible preferred stock — 43,775 37,959 37,959 35,459 Total stockholders’ equity (deficiency) 95,026 (43,008 ) (37,448 ) (33,853 ) (28,811 ) Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Table of Contents We have been a pioneer in developing a software platform that allows enterprises to realize the value of their human-generated data in ways that are not resource-intensive and are easy to implement. The revolution in internet search occurred when search engines began to mine internet metadata, such as the links between pages, in addition to page content, thereby making the internet’s content more usable and subsequently valuable. Similarly, our Metadata Framework creates advanced searchable data structures and provides real-time intelligence about an enterprise’s massive volumes of human-generated content, making human-generated data more valuable to the organization. IT and business personnel deploy our software for a variety of use cases, including data governance, data security, search, archiving, file synchronization, enhanced mobile data accessibility and information collaboration. We started operations in 2005 with a vision to make enterprise human-generated data more accessible, manageable, secure and actionable. We began offering our flagship product, DatAdvantage, which provides centralized visibility for all of an enterprise’s human-generated data, in 2006. Since then we have continued to invest in innovation and have consistently introduced new products to our customers, including DataPrivilege, which was introduced in 2006, as our self-service web portal for business users. In 2008, we enhanced our DatAdvantage offering with DatAdvantage for UNIX/Linux. In 2009, we introduced the IDU Classification Framework for sensitive data classification and DatAdvantage for SharePoint. We further enhanced our DatAdvantage offering by releasing DatAdvantage for Exchange governance in 2010 which enabled our customers to exercise control over the information being transferred through corporate e-mails. In 2011, we introduced DatAdvantage for Directory Services for increased visibility into Active Directory. In 2012, we released the Data Transport Engine for intelligent data migration and archiving and DatAnywhere for secure hybrid cloud collaboration. More recently, in May 2014, we introduced DatAnswers, a secure enterprise search solution for human generated data that delivers highly relevant and secure search results to enterprise employees, greatly improving their productivity. At the core of our technology is our ability to intelligently extract and analyze metadata from an enterprise’s vast, distributed data stores. The broad applicability of our technology has resulted in our customers deploying our platform for numerous use cases for both IT and business personnel. We currently have six products (including DatAnswers), and as of December 31, 2014, approximately 42% of our customers had purchased two or more products, one of which was DatAdvantage for all of these customers. We believe our existing customer base serves as a strong source of incremental revenues given the broad platform of products we have and the growing volumes and complexity of human-generated data our customers have. Our maintenance renewal rate each of the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 was over 90%. Our key strategies to maintain our renewal rate include focusing on the quality and reliability of our customer service and support to ensure our customers receive value from our products, providing consistent software upgrades and having more dedicated renewal sales personnel. We sell the vast majority of our products and services to channel partners, including distributors and resellers, which sell to end-user customers, which we refer to in this report as our customers. We believe that our sales model, which combines the leverage of a channel sales model with our highly trained and professional sales force, has and will continue to play a major role in our ability to grow and to successfully deliver our unique value proposition for enterprise human-generated data. We target customers of all sizes, in all industries and all geographies. As of December 31, 2014, we had more than 3,300 customers, spanning leading firms in the financial services, public, healthcare, industrial, energy and utilities, technology, consumer and retail, education and media and entertainment sectors. We believe our customer count is a key indicator of our market penetration and the value that our products bring to our customer base. We also believe our existing customers represent significant future revenue opportunities for us. The average spending per customer for each of the years 2014, 2013 and 2012 was approximately $58,000, $61,000 and $61,000, respectively. We believe there is a significant growth opportunity in both domestic and foreign markets, which could include any organization that uses file shares, intranets and email for collaboration, regardless of region. For the year ended December 31, 2014, approximately 56% of our revenues were derived from the United States, while Europe, the Middle East and Africa accounted for approximately 35% of our revenues. We expect both continued sales growth in the United States and international expansion to be key components of our growth strategy, and we will continue to market our products and services in international markets. We plan to continue to expand our international operations as part of our growth strategy. The expansion of our international operations depends in particular on our ability to hire, integrate and retain local sales and marketing personnel in these international markets, acquire new channel partners and implement an effective marketing strategy. In addition, the further expansion of our international operations will increase our sales and marketing and general and administrative expenses and will subject us to a variety of risks and challenges, including those related to economic and political conditions in each region, compliance with foreign laws and regulations, and compliance with domestic laws and regulations applicable to our international operations. 32 Table of Contents We derive revenues from license sales of our various products, various services, including initial maintenance contracts and professional services, and renewals. Substantially all of our license sales are derived from a platform of products, consisting of DatAdvantage, DataPrivilege, IDU Classification Framework and Data Transport Engine. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, 94.1%, 96.7% and 99.6% of our customers, respectively, had purchased DatAdvantage; 19.0%, 20.5% and 22.4% of our customers, respectively, had purchased DataPrivilege; 26.9%, 23.1% and 20.0% of our customers, respectively, had purchased IDU Classification Framework; and 3.2%, 1.5% and less than 0.1% of our customers, respectively, had purchased Data Transport Engine. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, 51.9%, 57.8% and 63.5% of our customers, respectively, made standalone purchases of DatAdvantage, and less than 0.5% of our customers made standalone purchases of DataPrivilege. As of December 31, 2014, our customers made no standalone purchases of IDU Classification Framework or Data Transport Engine. Licenses sales accounted for 57.6%, 58.3% and 59.2% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. We expect maintenance and services revenues to comprise a larger portion of our total revenues as our installed customer base grows. We have achieved significant growth and scale in recent periods utilizing our business model. For the year ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, our revenues were $101.3 million, $74.6 million and $53.4 million, respectively, representing year-over-year growth of 36% and 40%. For the year ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we had operating losses of $17.3 million, $5.8 million and $1.6 million and net losses of $19.4 million, $7.5 million and $4.8 million, respectively. Components of Operating Results Revenues Our revenues consist of licenses and maintenance and services revenues. Licenses Revenues. License revenues reflect the revenues recognized from sales of software licenses to new customers and additional licenses to existing customers. Substantially all of our license revenues consist of revenues from perpetual licenses, under which we generally recognize the license fee portion of the arrangement upon delivery, assuming all revenue recognition criteria are satisfied. Customers may also purchase term license agreements, under which we recognize the license fee ratably, on a straight-line basis, over the term of the underlying maintenance contract, which is typically up to one year. We are focused on acquiring new customers and increasing revenues from our existing customers. Maintenance and Services Revenues. Maintenance and services revenues consist of revenues from maintenance agreements and, to a lesser extent, professional services. Typically, when purchasing a perpetual license, a customer also purchases a one year maintenance contract for which we charge a percentage of the license fee. Customers may renew, and generally have renewed, their maintenance agreements for a fee that is based upon a percentage of the initial license fee paid. Customers with maintenance agreements are entitled to receive support and unspecified upgrades and enhancements when and if they become available during the maintenance period. We have experienced growth in maintenance revenues primarily due to increased license sales to new customers and high annual retention of existing customers. We recognize the revenues associated with maintenance ratably, on a straight-line basis, over the associated maintenance period. We measure the perpetual license maintenance renewal rate for our customers over a 12-month period, based on a dollar renewal rate for contracts expiring during that time period. Our maintenance renewal rate for each of the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 has been over 90%. We also offer professional services focused on both deployment and training our customers to fully leverage the use of our products. We recognize the revenues associated with these professional services on a time and materials basis as we deliver the services, provide the training or when the service term has expired. 33 Table of Contents The following table sets forth the percentage of our revenues that have been derived from licenses and maintenance and services revenues for the periods presented. We expect maintenance and services revenues to continue to comprise a larger portion of our total revenues as our installed customer base grows. Our products are used by a wide range of enterprises, including Fortune 500 corporations and small and medium-sized businesses. As of December 31, 2014, we had more than 3,300 customers across a broad array of company sizes and industries located in over 60 countries. Cost of Revenues, Gross Profit and Gross Margin Our cost of revenues consists of cost of maintenance and services revenues. Cost of maintenance and services revenues consists primarily of salaries and benefits, as well as commissions, bonuses and stock-based compensation for our maintenance and services employees, travel expenses and allocated overhead costs for facilities, IT and depreciation of equipment. We recognize expenses related to maintenance and services as they are incurred. We expect that our cost of maintenance and services revenues will increase in absolute dollars as we increase our headcount to support revenue growth. Gross profit is total revenues less total cost of revenues. Gross margin is gross profit expressed as a percentage of total revenues. Our gross margin has historically fluctuated slightly from period to period as a result of changes in licenses and maintenance and services mix. Operating Costs and Expenses Our operating costs and expenses are classified into three categories: research and development, sales and marketing and general and administrative. For each category, the largest component is personnel costs, which consists of salaries, employee benefits (including commissions and bonuses) and stock-based compensation. Operating costs and expenses also include allocated overhead costs for depreciation of equipment. Allocated costs for facilities primarily consist of rent and office maintenance. Operating costs and expenses are generally recognized as incurred. We expect personnel costs to continue to increase in absolute dollars as we hire new employees to continue to grow our business. Research and Development . Research and development expenses primarily consist of personnel costs attributable to our research and development personnel, as well as allocated overhead costs. We expense research and development costs as incurred. We expect that our research and development expenses will continue to increase in absolute dollars as we increase our research and development headcount to further strengthen our technology platform and invest in the development of both existing and new products. Sales and Marketing . Sales and marketing expenses are the largest component of our operating costs and expenses and consist primarily of personnel costs, as well as marketing and business development costs, travel expenses and allocated overhead costs. We expect that sales and marketing expenses will continue to increase in absolute dollars, as we plan to expand our sales and marketing efforts, both domestically and internationally. We expect sales and marketing expenses to be our largest category of operating costs and expenses as we continue to expand our business worldwide. General and Administrativ e. General and administrative expenses mostly consist of personnel and facility-related costs for our executive, finance, legal, human resources and administrative personnel. Other expenses are comprised of legal, accounting and other consultant fees and other corporate expenses and allocated overhead. We expect that general and administrative expense will increase in absolute dollars as we grow and expand our operations, including internationally, and operate as a public company, including higher legal, corporate insurance and accounting expenses, and the additional costs of achieving and maintaining compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related regulations. 34 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 (as a percentage of total revenues) Revenues: Licenses 57.6 % 58.3 % 59.2 % Maintenance and services 42.4 % 41.7 % 40.8 % Total revenues 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Table of Contents Financial Income (Expenses), Net Prior to our IPO, financial income (expenses), net consisted primarily of charges to record outstanding warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock at fair value, interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents and short-term deposits and interest expense associated with our previously outstanding debt, foreign currency forward contract gains and losses, as well as foreign currency exchange gains and losses. Following the closing of our IPO during the first quarter of 2014, our outstanding warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock automatically converted into warrants to purchase shares of common stock and, after such conversion, are no longer classified as a liability on our consolidated balance sheet or included as financial expenses in our consolidated statement of operations. Financial income (expenses), net, for the periods post IPO was primarily comprised of foreign exchange losses. Income Taxes We operate in several tax jurisdictions and are subject to taxes in each country or jurisdiction in which we conduct business. Earnings from our non-U.S. activities are subject to local country income tax and may be subject to U.S. income tax. To date, we have incurred accumulated net losses and have not recorded any U.S. federal tax provisions. Because of our history of U.S. net operating losses, we have established a full valuation allowance against potential future benefits for deferred tax assets including loss carryforwards. Our income tax provision could be significantly impacted by estimates surrounding our uncertain tax positions and changes to our valuation allowance in future periods. We reevaluate the judgments surrounding our estimates and make adjustments as appropriate each reporting period. Our Israeli subsidiary currently qualifies as a beneficiary enterprise which, upon fulfillment of certain conditions, allows it to qualify for a reduced tax rate based on the beneficiary program guidelines. In addition, we are subject to the continuous examinations of our income tax returns by different tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. Results of Operations The following tables are a summary of our consolidated statements of operations in dollars and as a percentage of our total revenues. 35 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 (in thousands) Statement of Operations Data: Revenues: Licenses $ 58,420 $ 43,488 $ 31,606 Maintenance and services 42,928 31,128 21,804 Total revenues 101,348 74,616 53,410 Cost of revenues 9,911 6,476 4,928 Gross profit 91,437 68,140 48,482 Operating costs and expenses: Research and development 28,086 20,973 15,034 Sales and marketing 68,787 44,131 30,036 General and administrative 11,872 8,881 4,966 Total operating expenses 108,745 73,985 50,036 Operating loss (17,308 ) (5,845 ) (1,554 ) Financial expenses, net (1,714 ) (1,274 ) (3,045 ) Loss before income taxes, net (19,022 ) (7,119 ) (4,599 ) Income taxes (376 ) (356 ) (247 ) Net loss $ (19,398 ) $ (7,475 ) $ (4,846 ) Table of Contents Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 Revenues 36 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 (as a percentage of total revenues) Statement of Operations Data: Revenues: Licenses 57.6 % 58.3 % 59.2 % Maintenance and services 42.4 41.7 40.8 Total revenues 100.0 100.0 100.0 Cost of revenues 9.8 8.7 9.2 Gross profit 90.2 91.3 90.8 Operating costs and expenses: Research and development 27.7 28.1 28.1 Sales and marketing 67.9 59.1 56.3 General and administrative 11.7 11.9 9.3 Total operating expenses 107.3 99.1 93.7 Operating loss (17.1 ) (7.8 ) (2.9 ) Financial expenses, net (1.7 ) (1.7 ) (5.7 ) Loss before income taxes, net (18.8 ) (9.5 ) (8.6 ) Income taxes (0.4 ) (0.5 ) (0.5 ) Net loss (19.2 )% (10.0 )% (9.1 )% Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 % Change (in thousands) Revenues: Licenses $ 58,420 $ 43,488 34.3 % Maintenance and services 42,928 31,128 37.9 % Total revenues $ 101,348 $ 74,616 35.8 % Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 (as a percentage of total revenues) Revenues: Licenses 57.6 % 58.3 % Maintenance and services 42.4 % 41.7 % Total revenues 100.0 % 100.0 % Table of Contents Total revenue growth was achieved due to increased demand for our products and services from new and existing customers, mostly in the domestic market, as well as in international markets. The increase in license revenues was driven by sales to 950 new customers compared to 728 new customers in 2013, sales to existing customers and sales of new products. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, we had more than 3,300 and approximately 2,400 customers, respectively. The substantial majority of our license revenues was attributable to sales of perpetual licenses. The increase in maintenance and services revenues was primarily due to an increase in the sale of maintenance agreements resulting from the growth of our installed customer base. In each of 2014 and 2013, our maintenance renewal rate was over 90%. Of the license and first year maintenance and services revenues recognized in the year ended December 31, 2014, 64% was attributable to revenues from new customers, and 36% was attributable to revenues from existing customers. Of the license and first year maintenance and services revenues recognized in the year ended December 31, 2013, 66% was attributable to revenues from new customers, and 34% was attributable to revenues from existing customers. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, 42% and 39%, respectively, of our customers had purchased two or more products. Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin The increase in cost of revenues was primarily related to an increase of $2.9 million in salaries and benefits expense due to increased headcount for support and professional services and a $0.2 million increase in facilities and allocated overhead costs. The increase in cost is mainly related to our investments in infrastructure and personnel to support our increased revenues and high renewal rate. Operating Costs and Expenses 37 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 % Change (in thousands) Cost of revenues $ 9,911 $ 6,476 53.0 % Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 (as a percentage of total revenues) Total gross margin 90.2 % 91.3 % Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 % Change (in thousands) Operating costs and expenses: Research and development $ 28,086 20,973 33.9 % Sales and marketing 68,787 44,131 55.9 % General and administrative 11,872 8,881 33.7 % Total operating expenses $ 108,745 73,985 47.0 % Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 (as a percentage of total revenues) Operating costs and expenses: Research and development 27.7 % 28.1 % Sales and marketing 67.9 % 59.1 % General and administrative 11.7 % 11.9 % Total operating expenses 107.3 % 99.1 % Table of Contents The increase in research and development expenses was primarily related to an increase of $5.9 million in salaries and benefits and stock based compensation resulting from increased headcount and consultants as part of our focus on enhancing and developing our existing and new products. We also had an increase of $1.0 million in allocated overhead costs. The increase in sales and marketing expenses was primarily related to a $19.2 million increase in salaries and benefits and stock based compensation due to increased headcount in all regions to expand our sales force, and commissions on increased customer orders. The remainder of the increase was attributable to a $1.8 million increase in facilities and allocated overhead costs and a $1.3 million increase in marketing related expenses. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily related to an increase of $1.8 million in salaries and benefits and stock based compensation due to increased headcount to support the overall growth of our business, an increase of $0.8 million of other expenses predominately relating to rent, insurance and IT expenses and an increase of $0.3 million in consulting and services fees. Financial Expenses, Net For the year ended December 31, 2014, financial expenses, net was primarily comprised of foreign exchange losses. For the year ended December 31, 2013, financial expenses, net was primarily comprised of revaluation of our warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock. Upon completion of our IPO, the warrants automatically converted into warrants to purchase our common stock and, as a result, are no longer evaluated at each balance sheet date. Income Taxes Income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were comprised primarily of foreign income taxes and state taxes. Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 Revenues 38 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 % Change (in thousands) Financial expenses, net $ 1,714 $ 1,274 34.5 % Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 % Change (in thousands) Income taxes $ 376 $ 356 5.6 % Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 % Change (in thousands) Revenues: Licenses $ 43,488 $ 31,606 37.6 % Maintenance and services 31,128 21,804 42.8 % Total revenues $ 74,616 $ 53,410 39.7 % Table of Contents Total revenue growth was achieved due to increased demand for our products and services from new and existing customers, mostly in the domestic market, as well as in international markets. The increase in license revenues was driven by sales to 728 new customers compared to 473 new customers in 2012, sales to existing customers and sales of new products. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, we had approximately 2,400 and over 1,700 customers, respectively. The substantial majority of our license revenues was attributable to sales of perpetual licenses. The increase in maintenance and services revenues was primarily due to an increase in the sale of maintenance agreements resulting from the growth of our installed customer base. In each of 2013 and 2012, our maintenance renewal rate was over 90%. Of the license and first year maintenance and services revenues recognized in the year ended December 31, 2013, 66% was attributable to revenues from new customers, and 34% was attributable to revenues from existing customers. Of the license and first year maintenance and services revenues recognized in the year ended December 31, 2012, 74% was attributable to revenues from new customers, and 26% was attributable to revenues from existing customers. As of December 31, 2013 and 2012, 39% and 36%, respectively, of our customers had purchased two or more products. Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin The increase in cost of revenues was primarily related to an increase of $1.1 million in salaries and benefits expense due to increased headcount for support and professional services and a $0.4 million increase in facilities and allocated overhead costs. Although cost of revenues increased in absolute dollars, it declined as a percentage of revenues, reflecting an increase in productivity, as an increased proportion of sales of new products and maintenance and services offerings was generated from existing customers. Operating Costs and Expenses 39 Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 (as a percentage of total revenues) Revenues: Licenses 58.3 % 59.2 % Maintenance and services 41.7 % 40.8 % Total revenues 100.0 % 100.0 % Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 % Change (in thousands) Cost of revenues $ 6,476 $ 4,928 31.4 % Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 (as a percentage of total revenues) Total gross margin 91.3 % 90.8 % Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 % Change (in thousands) Operating costs and expenses: Research and development $ 20,973 15,034 39.5 % Sales and marketing 44,131 30,036 46.9 % General and administrative 8,881 4,966 78.8 % Total operating expenses $ 73,985 50,036 47.9 % Table of Contents The increase in research and development expenses was primarily related to an increase of $4.8 million in salaries and benefits resulting from increased headcount and consultants as part of our focus on enhancing and developing our existing and new products. We also had an increase of $0.9 million in allocated overhead costs. The increase in sales and marketing expenses was primarily related to a $9.8 million increase in salaries and benefits due to increased headcount in all regions to expand our sales force, and commissions on increased customer orders. The remainder of the increase was attributable to a $1.6 million increase in marketing related expenses, a $1.2 million increase in facilities and allocated overhead costs and a $0.7 increase related to travel expenses. The increase in general and administrative expenses was primarily related to an increase of $1.5 million in salaries and benefits, and other related compensation, due to increased headcount to support the overall growth of our business, an increase of $1.2 million in consulting and services fees primarily in connection with becoming a public company and $0.9 million increase in facilities and allocated overhead costs. Financial Expenses, Net The substantial majority of the decrease in financial expenses, net was due to the revaluation of warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock. Income Taxes Income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 were comprised primarily of foreign income taxes and state taxes. Quarterly Results of Operations The following table sets forth our unaudited quarterly consolidated statement of operations data for each of the eight quarters ended December 31, 2014. The data presented below has been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report and, in the opinion of management, reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of this data. This information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report. The results of historical periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for a full year or any future period. 40 Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 (as a percentage of total revenues) Operating costs and expenses: Research and development 28.1 % 28.1 % Sales and marketing 59.1 % 56.3 % General and administrative 11.9 % 9.3 % Total operating expenses 99.1 % 93.7 % Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 % Change (in thousands) Financial expenses, net $ 1,274 $ 3,045 (58.2 )% Year Ended December 31, 2013 2012 % Change (in thousands) Income taxes $ 356 $ 247 44.1 % Table of Contents 41 Three Months Ended Dec. 31, 2014 Sept. 30, 2014 June 30, 2014 March 31, 2014 Dec. 31, 2013 Sept. 30, 2013 June 30, 2013 March 31, 2013 (in thousands) Revenues: Licenses $ 21,706 $ 14,239 $ 14,422 $ 8,053 $ 16,855 $ 10,256 $ 10,498 $ 5,879 Maintenance and services 12,008 11,324 10,194 9,402 8,834 8,254 7,339 6,701 Total revenues 33,714 25,563 24,616 17,455 25,689 18,510 17,837 12,580 Cost of revenues (1) 2,788 2,590 2,491 2,042 1,968 1,652 1,507 1,349 Gross profit 30,926 22,973 22,125 15,413 23,721 16,858 16,330 11,231 Operating costs and expenses: Research and development (1) 7,499 7,316 6,832 6,439 5,867 5,712 4,875 4,519 Sales and marketing (1) 19,619 17,741 17,186 14,241 13,308 11,115 10,500 9,208 General and administrative (1) 3,512 3,030 2,665 2,665 2,964 2,158 2,220 1,539 Total operating expenses 30,630 28,087 26,683 23,345 22,139 18,985 17,595 15,266 Operating income (loss) 296 (5,114 ) (4,558 ) (7,932 ) 1,582 (2,127 ) (1,265 ) (4,035 ) Financial income (expenses), net (806 ) (944 ) 74 (38 ) 116 (387 ) (324 ) (679 ) Income (loss) before income taxes (510 ) (6,058 ) (4,484 ) (7,970 ) 1,698 (2,514 ) (1,589 ) (4,714 ) Income taxes 179 (296 ) (155 ) (104 ) (182 ) (50 ) (47 ) (77 ) Net income (loss) $ (331 ) $ (6,354 ) $ (4,639 ) $ (8,074 ) $ 1,516 $ (2,564 ) $ (1,636 ) $ (4,791 ) Three Months Ended Dec. 31, 2014 Sept. 30, 2014 June 30, 2014 March 31, 2014 Dec. 31, 2013 Sept. 30, 2013 June 30, 2013 March 31, 2013 (as a percentage of total revenues) Revenues: Licenses 64.4 % 55.7 % 58.6 % 46.1 % 65.6 % 55.4 % 58.9 % 46.7 % Maintenance and services 35.6 44.3 41.4 53.9 34.4 44.6 41.1 53.3 Total revenues 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Cost of revenues 8.3 10.1 10.1 11.7 7.7 8.9 8.4 10.7 Gross profit 91.7 89.9 89.9 88.3 92.3 91.1 91.6 89.3 Operating costs and expenses: Research and development 22.2 28.6 27.8 36.9 22.8 30.9 27.3 35.9 Sales and marketing 58.2 69.4 69.8 81.5 51.8 60.0 58.9 73.2 General and administrative 10.4 11.9 10.8 15.3 11.5 11.7 12.4 12.2 Total operating expenses 90.8 109.9 108.4 133.7 86.1 102.6 98.6 121.3 Operating income (loss) 0.9 (20.0 ) (18.5 ) (45.4 ) 6.2 (11.5 ) (7.0 ) (32.0 ) Financial income (expenses), net (2.4 ) (3.7 ) 0.3 (0.3 ) 0.5 (2.1 ) (1.8 ) (5.4 ) Income (loss) before income taxes (1.5 ) (23.7 ) (18.2 ) (45.7 ) 6.7 (13.6 ) (8.8 ) (37.4 ) Income taxes 0.5 (1.2 ) (0.6 ) (0.6 ) (0.7 ) (0.3 ) (0.3 ) (0.6 ) Net income (loss) (1.0 )% (24.9 )% (18.8 )% (46.3 )% 6.0 % (13.9 )% (9.1 )% (38.0 )% Three Months Ended Dec. 31, 2014 Sept. 30, 2014 June 30, 2014 March 31, 2014 Dec. 31, 2013 Sept. 30, 2013 June 30, 2013 March 31, 2013 (in thousands) Other financial data: Non-GAAP operating income (loss) (2) $ 2,122 $ (3,900 ) $ (3,580 ) $ (7,286 ) $ 2,244 $ (1,617 ) $ (843 ) $ (3,841 ) Non-GAAP net income (loss) (3) $ 1,495 $ (5,140 ) $ (3,661 ) $ (7,428 ) $ 2,178 $ (1,149 ) $ (979 ) $ (4,229 ) (1) Includes non-cash stock-based compensation expense as follows: Table of Contents The following table reflects the reconciliation of operating loss measured in accordance with GAAP to non-GAAP operating loss: 42 Three Months Ended Dec. 31, 2014 Sept. 30, 2014 June 30, 2014 March 31, 2014 Dec. 31, 2013 Sept. 30, 2013 June 30, 2013 March 31, 2013 (in thousands) Cost of revenues $ 72 $ 55 $ 46 $ 20 $ 19 $ 9 $ 5 $ 6 Research and development 407 319 272 199 215 151 126 59 Sales and marketing 1,004 614 519 340 325 252 199 66 General and administrative 343 226 141 87 103 98 92 63 Total non-cash stock-based compensation expense related to employees and consultants $ 1,826 $ 1,214 $ 978 $ 646 $ 662 $ 510 $ 422 $ 194 (2) We define non-GAAP operating income (loss) as net operating income (loss) excluding total non-cash stock-based compensation expense. (3) We define non-GAAP net loss as net loss excluding (i) non-cash stock-based compensation expense related to employees and consultants, and (ii) financial expenses resulting from the revaluation of warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock. Three Months Ended Dec. 31, 2014 Sept. 30, 2014 June 30, 2014 March 31, 2014 Dec. 31, 2013 Sept. 30, 2013 June 30, 2013 March 31, 2013 (in thousands) Operating income (loss) $ 296 $ (5,114 ) $ (4,558 ) $ (7,932 ) $ 1,582 $ (2,127 ) $ (1,265 ) $ (4,035 ) Non-GAAP adjustments: Total non-cash stock-based compensation expense 1,826 1,214 978 646 662 510 422 194 Non-GAAP operating income (loss) $ 2,122 $ (3,900 ) $ (3,580 ) $ (7,286 ) $ 2,244 $ (1,617 ) $ (843 ) $ (3,841 ) Table of Contents Seasonality and Quarterly Trends Our quarterly results reflect seasonality in the sale of our products and services. Historically, we have experienced a pattern of increased license sales in the fourth quarter. This trend makes it difficult to achieve sequential revenue growth in the first quarter of the following year. Because of customer budget and purchasing trends, demand for our products and services is typically slowest in the first quarter has resulted in a decrease in quarterly revenues from the fourth quarter to the first quarter of the subsequent fiscal year. We expect these seasonal patterns to continue in the future. Our gross margins and operating loss have been affected by these historical trends because the majority of our expenses are relatively fixed quarter over quarter. The timing of revenues in relation to our expenses, much of which does not vary directly with revenues, has an impact on the cost of revenues, research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues in each calendar quarter during the year. The majority of our expenses is personnel-related costs, which consists of salaries, employee benefits (including commissions and bonuses) and stock-based compensation. As a result, we have not experienced significant seasonal fluctuations in the timing of expenses from period to period. Although these seasonal factors are common in the technology industry, historical patterns should not be considered a reliable indicator of our future sales activity or performance. Our revenues increased in each quarter as compared with the same quarter in the prior year due to an increase in sales of our licenses to new customers as well as incremental sales to existing customers and due to increases in our maintenance and services revenues primarily resulting from increases in our installed base of customers. Cost of revenues has increased in each quarter as compared with the same quarter in the prior year primarily due to the increased cost of providing maintenance and services to our expanding customer base. Total operating costs and expenses increased in each quarter as compared with the same quarter in the prior year, primarily due to the addition of personnel in connection with the expansion of our business. Furthermore, our commission expense has historically been the greatest towards the end of the year due to increased commission earned on customer orders entered at year end. Liquidity and Capital Resources The following table shows our cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the stated periods: In March 2014, we closed our IPO in which 5,300,436 shares of common stock were sold to the public at an offering price of $22 per share. We received proceeds of $106.1 million from the IPO, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. On December 31, 2014, our cash and cash equivalents and short-term deposits of $111.7 million were held for working capital purposes and were invested primarily in short-term deposits. We intend to increase our investment in capital expenditures in 2015, consistent with the growth in our business and operations. We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, short-term deposits and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to fund our operations and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our rate of revenue growth, the expansion of our sales and marketing activities, the timing and extent of spending to support product development efforts and expansion into new geographic locations, the timing of introductions of new software products and enhancements to existing software products and the continuing market acceptance of our software offerings. We have begun incurring costs as a public company that we had not previously incurred prior to our initial public offering, including, but not limited to, increased directors’ and officers’ insurance, consultants fees, expenses for compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules implemented by the SEC and various other costs. 43 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 (in thousands) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ (7,110 ) $ 54 $ 1,732 Net cash used in investing activities (32,822 ) (5,716 ) (642 ) Net cash provided by financing activities 106,892 825 403 Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $ 66,960 $ (4,837 ) $ 1,493 Table of Contents Operating Activities Net cash provided by operating activities is driven by sales of our products less costs and expenses, primarily payroll and related expenses. Collection of accounts receivable from the sales of our software offerings is a significant component of our cash flows from operating activities, as is the change in deferred revenues which represents unearned amounts billed to our channel partners, related to these sales. For 2014, cash outflows from our operating activities were $7.1 million, reflecting our net loss of $19.4 million, which included non-cash charges of $6.1 million. Our net loss was primarily driven by increased headcount of our sales force and R&D personnel. Net cash provided by operating activities was also impacted by two of our historically known seasonal patterns (i) most of our sales are typically made during the last three weeks of every quarter, and (ii) our highest sales of products and services occur during the fourth fiscal quarter, with a low or negative sequential revenue growth in the first quarter. While both patterns had an impact on the large amount of accounts receivable as of the end of 2014 fiscal year, the second pattern has historically caused our largest collections to occur during the first quarter, and a relatively lower collection during the second quarter. These seasonal trends also impact our operating income (loss) because the majority of our expenses are relatively fixed in the short term. For the year ended December 31, 2014, additional sources of cash outflows were from changes in our working capital, including a $9.6 million increase in accounts receivable reflecting the seasonal pattern discussed above. This is partially offset by a $8.5 million increase in deferred revenues, a $5.5 million increase in accrued compensation and accrued expenses, a $0.9 million increase in accounts payable and severance and a $0.8 million increase in other long term liabilities. Our days’ sales outstanding (“DSO”) was 77 days for the year ended December 31, 2014. For 2013, cash inflows from our operating activities were $0.1 million, reflecting our net loss of $7.5 million, which included $4.3 million of non-cash charges. Our net loss was primarily driven by increased headcount of our sales force and R&D personnel. For the year ended December 31, 2013, additional sources of cash inflows were from changes in our working capital, including a $7.4 million increase in deferred revenues, a $3.8 million increase in accrued compensation and accrued expenses and other liabilities and a $0.3 million increase in accounts payable. This is partially offset by an $8.2 million increase in accounts receivable. Our DSO was 74 days for the year ended December 31, 2013. The decrease in DSO, from 83 days in the year ended December 31, 2012, reflects stronger than usual collection of accounts receivable from sales of our software. For 2012, cash inflows from our operating activities were $1.7 million, reflecting our net loss of $4.8 million, which included non-cash charges of $4.7 million. Additional sources of cash inflows were from changes in our working capital, including a $4.4 million increase in accounts receivable due to increased sales of our software offerings and a $0.7 million increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets, partially offset by a $4.1 million increase in deferred revenues, resulting from the growth in our installed customer base combined with strong maintenance and support renewal rates from our existing customers, a $1.8 million increase in accrued compensation and accrued expense and other liabilities and a $1.1 million increase in accounts payable due to the timing of payments. Our DSO was 83 days for the year ended December 31, 2012. Investing Activities Our investing activities consist primarily of capital expenditures to purchase property and equipment, sales and purchases of short-term investments and changes in our restricted cash. In the future, we expect to continue to incur capital expenditures to support our expanding operations. During 2014, net cash used in investing activities of $32.8 million was primarily attributable to an increase of $30.8 million in short-term deposits and a $2.3 million increase in capital expenditures to support our growth during the period including hardware, software, office equipment and leasehold improvements. During 2013, net cash used in investing activities of $5.7 million was primarily attributable to an increase of $4.0 million in short-term deposits and a $1.3 million increase in capital expenditures for technology hardware to support our growth during the period including hardware, software, office equipment and leasehold improvements. 44 Table of Contents During 2012, net cash used in investing activities of $0.6 million was primarily attributable to capital expenditures for technology hardware to support our growth during the period, as well as leasehold improvements on our corporate headquarters. Financing Activities In 2014, net cash provided by financing activities of $106.9 million was primarily attributable to proceeds from our IPO, net of underwriting discounts and commissions. In 2013, net cash provided by financing activities of $0.8 million was attributable to $1.1 million of proceeds received from the exercise of warrants to purchase shares of Series D convertible preferred stock, which was partially offset by deferred equity cost payments of $0.4 million. In 2012, net cash provided by financing activities of $0.4 million was attributable to $1.0 million proceeds received from the sale of common stock and $0.2 million from the exercise of stock options, which was partially offset by payments of $0.8 million for the repurchase of common stock. Promissory Note On March 31, 2014, we entered into a promissory note and related security documents with Bank Leumi USA. We may borrow up to $7.0 million against certain of our accounts receivable outstanding amount, based on several conditions, at an annual interest rate of the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate less 0.15%. As of December 31, 2014, that rate amounted to 3.1%. This promissory note enables us to engage in foreign currency hedging transactions with Bank Leumi USA to manage our exposure to foreign currency risk without restricted cash requirements. We may borrow under the promissory note until March 31, 2015 at which time the principal sum of each such loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest payable, will become due and payable. As of December 31, 2014, we had no balance outstanding under the promissory note. As part of the transaction, we granted the lender a security interest in our personal property, excluding intellectual property and other intangible assets. The promissory note also contains customary events of default. Contractual Payment Obligations Our principal commitments primarily consist of obligations under leases for office space and motor vehicles. Aggregate minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2014 for the upcoming years were as follows: We have obligations related to unrecognized tax benefit liabilities totaling $0.6 million, which have been excluded from the table above as we do not think it is practicable to make reliable estimates of the periods in which payments for these obligations will be made. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements As of December 31, 2014, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements. 45 Payments Due by Period Total Less Than 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years More Than 5 Years (In thousands) Operating lease obligation $ 31,405 $ 2,116 $ 6,401 $ 5,469 $ 17,419 Table of Contents Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The preparation of consolidated financial statements also requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by our management. To the extent that there are differences between our estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected. We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates. Critical accounting policies and estimates are those that we consider the most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations because they require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of the matters that are inherently uncertain. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncement In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-08 (ASU 2014-08), “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity.” ASU 2014-08 raises the threshold for a disposal to qualify as a discontinued operation and requires new disclosures of both discontinued operations and certain other disposals that do not meet the definition of a discontinued operation. It is effective for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2014. Early adoption is permitted but only for disposals that have not been reported in financial statements previously issued. We do not expect the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-08 to be material to our consolidated financial statements In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, an updated standard on revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 provides enhancements to the quality and consistency of how revenue is reported while also improving comparability in the financial statements of companies reporting using IFRS and US GAAP. The core principle of the new standard is for companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration (that is, payment) to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard also will result in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provide guidance for transactions that were not previously addressed comprehensively (for example, service revenue and contract modifications) and improve guidance for multiple-element arrangements. ASU 2014-09 will be effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2017 and may be applied on a full retrospective or modified retrospective approach. We are still evaluating the impact of implementation of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily a result of fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. Foreign Currency Exchange Risk Approximately one third of our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 were earned in non-U.S. dollar denominated currencies, mainly in the Euro and Pounds Sterling. Our expenses are generally denominated in the currencies in which our operations are located, primarily the U.S. dollar and NIS, and to a lesser extent the Euro and Pounds Sterling. Our NIS-denominated expenses consist primarily of personnel and overhead costs from our operations in Israel. Our consolidated results of operations and cash flow are, therefore, subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and may be adversely affected in the future due to changes in foreign exchange rates. The effect of a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates applicable to our business would not have a material impact on our historical consolidated financial statements. 46 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Table of Contents For purposes of our consolidated financial statements, local currency assets and liabilities are translated at the rate of exchange to the U.S. dollar on the balance sheet date and local currency revenues and expenses are translated at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction or the average exchange rate dollar during the reporting period to the United States. To date, we have used derivative financial instruments, specifically foreign currency forward contracts, to manage exposure to foreign currency risks, by hedging a portion of our forecasted expenses denominated in NIS expected to occur within a year. The effect of exchange rate changes on foreign currency forward contracts is expected to offset the effect of exchange rate changes on the underlying hedged item. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. Interest Rate Risk We had cash and cash equivalents and short-term deposits of $111.7 million as of December 31, 2014. We hold our cash and cash equivalents and short-term deposits for working capital purposes. Our cash and cash equivalents are held in cash deposits and money market funds. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, we believe that we do not have any material exposure to changes in the fair value of our investment portfolio as a result of changes in interest rates. Declines in interest rates, however, would reduce our future interest income. As of December 31, 2014, we had no outstanding obligations under our line of credit. To the extent we enter into other long-term debt arrangements in the future, we would be subject to fluctuations in interest rates which could have a material impact on our future financial condition and results of operation. Inflation We do not believe that inflation had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations in the last three fiscal years. If our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 47 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Page Report of Registered Public Accounting Firm 48 Consolidated Balance Sheets 49 Consolidated Statements of Operations 51 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss 52 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficiency) 53 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 54 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 55 Table of Contents REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Varonis Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”), as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013 and the related consolidated statements of operations, statements of comprehensive loss, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014. These financial statements are the responsibility of Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, and the related consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 48 Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer 3 Aminadav St. Tel-Aviv 6706703, Israel Tel: +972-3-6232525 Fax: +972-3-5622555 ey.com Tel-Aviv, Israel /s/ KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER February 19, 2015 A Member of Ernst & Young Global Table of Contents VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except share data) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 49 December 31, 2014 2013 Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 76,593 $ 9,633 Short-term deposits 35,102 4,344 Restricted cash — 171 Trade receivables (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $ 149 and $ 139 at December 31, 2014 and at December 31, 2013, respectively) 37,869 28,268 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 2,962 1,357 Total current assets 152,526 43,773 Long-term assets: Other assets 332 1,625 Property and equipment, net 3,989 1,856 Total long-term assets 4,321 3,481 Total assets $ 156,847 $ 47,254 Table of Contents VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except share data) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 50 December 31, 2014 2013 Liabilities, convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficiency) Current liabilities: Trade payables $ 2,703 $ 2,163 Accrued expenses and other short term liabilities 16,754 11,643 Deferred revenues 33,753 26,591 Total current liabilities 53,210 40,397 Long-term liabilities: Deferred revenues 3,464 2,109 Warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock — 2,866 Severance pay 1,449 1,101 Other liabilities 3,698 14 Total long-term liabilities 8,611 6,090 Commitments and contingent liabilities Convertible preferred stock Preferred A, B, C, D and E stock of $ 0.001 par value—Authorized: no shares at December 31, 2014 and 16,986,384 shares at December 31, 2013; Issued and outstanding: no shares at December 31, 2014 and 15,082,141 shares at December 31, 2013 — 43,775 Stockholders’ equity (deficiency): Share capital Common stock of $ 0.001 par value—Authorized: 200,000,000 shares at December 31, 2014 and 26,000,000 shares at December 31, 2013; Issued and outstanding: 24,685,604 shares at December 31, 2014 and 3,953,314 shares at December 31, 2013 25 4 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (326 ) — Additional paid-in capital 162,478 4,741 Accumulated deficit (67,151 ) (47,753 ) Total stockholders’ equity (deficiency) 95,026 (43,008 ) Total liabilities, convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity (deficiency) $ 156,847 $ 47,254 Table of Contents VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (in thousands, except share and per share data) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 51 Year ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Revenues: Licenses $ 58,420 $ 43,488 $ 31,606 Maintenance and services 42,928 31,128 21,804 Total revenues 101,348 74,616 53,410 Cost of revenues 9,911 6,476 4,928 Gross profit 91,437 68,140 48,482 Operating costs and expenses: Research and development 28,086 20,973 15,034 Sales and marketing 68,787 44,131 30,036 General and administrative 11,872 8,881 4,966 Total operating expenses 108,745 73,985 50,036 Operating loss (17,308 ) (5,845 ) (1,554 ) Financial expenses, net (1,714 ) (1,274 ) (3,045 ) Loss before income taxes (19,022 ) (7,119 ) (4,599 ) Income taxes (376 ) (356 ) (247 ) Net loss $ (19,398 ) $ (7,475 ) $ (4,846 ) Net loss per share of common stock, basic and diluted $ (0.91 ) $ (1.93 ) $ (1.29 ) Weighted average number of shares used in computing net loss per share of common stock, basic and diluted 21,242,313 3,880,761 3,756,761 Table of Contents VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (in thousands) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 52 2014 2013 2012 Net loss $ (19,398 ) $ (7,475 ) $ (4,846 ) Other comprehensive loss: Unrealized losses on derivative instruments (326 ) — — Total other comprehensive loss (326 ) — — Comprehensive loss $ (19,724 ) $ (7,475 ) $ (4,846 ) Table of Contents VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIENCY) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 53 Preferred stock Common stock Additional paid-in Accumulated other comprehensive Accumulated Total stockholders’ equity Number Amount Number Amount capital loss deficit (deficiency) (in thousands, except share data) Balance as of January 1, 2012 14,856,481 $ 37,959 3,669,218 $ 4 $ 1,575 $ — $ (35,432 ) $ (33,853 ) Stock-based compensation expense — — — — 848 — — 848 Exercise of stock options — — 179,075 * ) 169 — — 169 Repurchase of common stock from employees — — (87,100 ) * ) (766 ) — — (766 ) Issuance of common stock — — 87,100 * ) 1,000 — — 1,000 Net loss — — — — — — (4,846 ) (4,846 ) Balance as of December 31, 2012 14,856,481 37,959 3,848,293 4 2,826 — (40,278 ) (37,448 ) Exercise of warrants to purchase Series D convertible preferred stock 225,660 5,816 — — — — — — Stock-based compensation expense — — — — 1,788 — — 1,788 Exercise of stock options — — 105,021 * ) 127 — — 127 Net loss — — — — — — (7,475 ) (7,475 ) Balance as of December 31, 2013 15,082,141 43,775 3,953,314 4 4,741 — (47,753 ) (43,008 ) Issuance of common stock upon initial public offering (net of issuance costs of $2,376) — — 5,300,436 5 106,066 — — 106,071 Conversion of preferred stock to common stock upon initial public offering (15,082,141 ) (43,775 ) 15,082,141 15 43,760 — — 43,775 Conversion of warrants to purchase preferred stock into warrants to purchase common stock — — — — 2,866 — — 2,866 Exercise of warrants to purchase common stock — — 107,217 * ) — — — — Stock-based compensation expense — — — — 4,664 — — 4,664 Exercise of stock options — — 238,951 * ) 381 — — 382 Exercise of restricted stock units — — 3,545 * ) — — — — Unrealized loss on derivative instruments — — — — — (326 ) — (326 ) Net loss — — — — — — (19,398 ) (19,398 ) Balance as of December 31, 2014 — $ — 24,685,604 $ 25 $ 162,478 $ (326 ) $ (67,151 ) $ 95,026 *) Represents an amount lower than $ 1. Table of Contents VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 54 Year Ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss $ (19,398 ) $ (7,475 ) $ (4,846 ) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Depreciation 1,285 796 465 Stock-based compensation 4,664 1,788 848 Capital gain (loss) from disposal of fixed assets (10 ) (5 ) 12 Amortization of deferred charges related to loan 187 200 141 Revaluation of fair value of warrants to convertible preferred stock — 1,508 3,195 Changes in assets and liabilities: Trade receivables (9,601 ) (8,233 ) (4,370 ) Prepaid expenses and other current assets 19 19 (662 ) Trade payables 540 267 1,116 Accrued expenses and other short term liabilities 5,541 3,460 1,731 Increase in severance pay, net 348 377 143 Deferred revenues 8,517 7,427 4,056 Other long term liabilities 798 (75 ) (97 ) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (7,110 ) 54 1,732 Cash flows from investing activities: Decrease (increase) in short-term deposit (30,758 ) (4,001 ) 279 Decrease (increase) in long-term deposits 39 (28 ) 9 Decrease (increase) in restricted cash 230 (338 ) (10 ) Purchase of property and equipment (2,333 ) (1,349 ) (920 ) Net cash used in investing activities (32,822 ) (5,716 ) (642 ) Cash flows from financing activities: Exercise of employee stock options 382 127 169 Exercise of warrants to purchase Series D convertible preferred stock — 1,137 — Payment of deferred equity offering cost (1,937 ) (439 ) — Repurchase of common stock — — (766 ) Net proceeds from initial public offering 108,447 — — Issuance of common stock — — 1,000 Net cash provided by financing activities 106,892 825 403 Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 66,960 (4,837 ) 1,493 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 9,633 14,470 12,977 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 76,593 $ 9,633 $ 14,470 Supplemental disclosures of non-cash flow information Deferred rent fixed asset additions $ 1,071 $ — $ — Conversion of preferred stock to common stock $ 43,775 $ — $ — Conversion of liability warrants to equity $ 2,866 $ — $ — Deferred charges related to warrants granted to credit facilitator $ — $ 263 $ 258 Exercise of warrants to purchase Series D convertible preferred stock $ — $ 4,679 $ — Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Cash paid for income taxes $ 304 $ 227 $ 169 Table of Contents VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (in thousands, except share and per share data) VSI has five wholly-owned subsidiaries: Varonis Systems Ltd. (“VSL”) incorporated under the laws of Israel on November 24, 2004; Varonis UK (“VSUK”) incorporated under the laws of England on March 14, 2007; Varonis Systems (Deutschland) GmbH (“VSG”) incorporated under the laws of Germany on July 6, 2011; Varonis France SAS (“VSF”) incorporated under the laws of France on February 22, 2012; and Varonis Systems Corp. (“VSC”) incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Canada on February 19, 2013. The Company’s software products and services allow enterprises to map, analyze, manage and migrate their unstructured data. The Company specializes in human-generated data, a type of unstructured data that includes an enterprise’s word processing documents, spreadsheets, presentations, audio files, video files, emails, text messages, and any other data created by employees. Through its products the DatAdvantage platform, DataPrivilege, IDU Classification Framework, DatAnywhere, Data Transport Engine and DatAnswers (collectively, the “Products”), the software platform allows enterprises to realize the value of their human-generated data in ways that are not resource-intensive and easy to implement. VSI markets and sells products and services mainly in the United States. VSUK, VSG, VSF and VSC resell the Company’s products and services mainly in the UK, Germany, rest of Europe and Canada, respectively. The Company primarily sells its products and services to a global network of distributors and Value Added Resellers (VARs), which sell the products to end users customers. The Company had a stockholders’ equity (deficiency) of $95,026 and ($43,008) as of December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, respectively. The stockholders’ deficiency as of December 31, 2013 resulted from its preferred stock not being classified as equity. The preferred stock was only redeemable upon contingent events that were not probable. On March 5, 2014, the preferred stock was converted into common stock and therefore classified as equity (See Note 1b). On March 5, 2014, the Company closed its initial public offering (“IPO”) whereby 5,300,436 shares of common stock were sold by the Company to the public (inclusive of 500,436 shares of common stock pursuant to the full exercise of an overallotment option granted to the underwriters). The aggregate net proceeds received by the Company from the offering were approximately $106,071, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company. Upon the closing of the IPO, all shares of the Company’s outstanding convertible preferred stock automatically converted into 15,082,141 shares of common stock, and outstanding warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock automatically converted into warrants to purchase 122,572 shares of common stock. On March 13, 2014, all such warrants were exercised, in a net share settlement, resulting in the issuance of 107,217 shares of common stock. 55 NOTE 1:- GENERAL a. Varonis Systems, Inc. (“VSI” and together with its subsidiaries, collectively, the “Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 3, 2004 and commenced operations on January 1, 2005. b. Initial Public Offering: Table of Contents The consolidated financial statements are prepared according to United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), applied on a consistent basis, as follows: The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions. The Company’s management believes that the estimates, judgments and assumptions used are reasonable based upon information available at the time they are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. On an ongoing basis, the Company’s management evaluates estimates, including those related to accounts receivable and sales allowances, fair values of stock-based awards, deferred taxes and income tax uncertainties, and contingent liabilities. Such estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Most of the revenues and costs of VSI are denominated in United States dollars (“dollars”). Some of the subsidiaries’ revenues and costs are primarily incurred in Euros, the Pound Sterling, Canadian dollars and New Israeli Shekels (“NIS”); however, the Company’s management believes that the dollar is the primary currency of the economic environment in which VSI and each of its subsidiaries operate. Thus, the dollar is the Company’s functional and reporting currency. Accordingly, transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are re-measured to the functional currency in accordance with ASC No. 830, “Foreign Currency Matters” at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction or the average exchange rate in the quarter. At the end of each reporting period, financial assets and liabilities are re-measured to the functional currency using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Non-financial assets and liabilities are re-measured at historical exchange rates. Gains and losses related to re-measurement are recorded as financial income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations as appropriate. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of VSI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, VSL, VSUK, VSG, VSF and VSC. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation. Cash equivalents are short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash with original maturities of three months or less. A short-term bank deposit is a deposit with a maturity of more than three months but less than one year. Deposits in U.S. dollars bear interest at rates ranging from 0.30%-0.70% and 0.05%-0.60%, per annum, as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Deposits in NIS bear interest at rates ranging from 0.35%-0.39% and 0.83%-1.65%, per annum, as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Short-term deposits are presented at cost which approximates market value due to their short maturities. 56 NOTE 2:- SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES a. Use of Estimates: b. Financial Statements in U.S. Dollars: c. Principles of Consolidation: d. Cash Equivalents: e. Short-Term Deposits: Table of Contents Restricted cash is primarily invested in certificates of deposit and is used mostly as security for the Company’s lease commitments. The Company had no short-term restricted cash and $171 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In 2014, the Company had a $50 guarantee related to a credit card. The Company had long-term restricted cash in the amount of $ 312 and $ 370 as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets at the following annual rates: The Company’s long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC No. 360 “Property, Plant and Equipment” whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset (or asset group) may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets (or asset group) to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, no impairment losses have been recorded. Long-term lease deposits include long-term deposits for offices. The Company generates revenues in the form of software license fees and related maintenance and services fees. Maintenance and services primarily consist of fees for maintenance services (including support and unspecified upgrades and enhancements when and if they are available) and professional services (including training) that are not essential to functionality of the Company’s software. The Company sells its products worldwide directly to a network of distributors and VARs. The Company accounts for the sale of perpetual software in accordance with ASC No. 985-605, “Software Revenue Recognition”. As required by ASC 985-605, the Company determines the value of the software component of its multiple-element arrangements using the residual method when vendor specific objective evidence (VSOE) of fair value exists for the undelivered elements of maintenance, and professional services agreements. VSOE is based on the price charged when an element is sold separately or renewed. Under the residual method, the fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred, and the remaining portion of the arrangement fee is allocated to the delivered elements and is recognized as revenue, when all ASC 985-605 criteria for revenue recognition are met. The Company determines the fair value based on the stand alone sales price charged for maintenance, and professional services. The Company has defined classes of transactions, based on the value of licensed software products purchased from the Company. The Company prices renewals for each class of transaction as a fixed percentage of the total gross value of licensed software products the customer purchased. 57 f. Restricted Cash: g. Property and Equipment: % Computer equipment 33 Office furniture and equipment 7 - 15 Leasehold improvements Over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life h. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets: i. Long-Term Lease Deposits: j. Revenue Recognition: Table of Contents Software license revenues are recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the software license has been delivered, there are no uncertainties surrounding product acceptance, there are no significant future performance obligations, the license fees are fixed or determinable and collection of the license fee is considered probable. Fees for arrangements with payment terms extending beyond customary payment terms are considered not to be fixed or determinable, in which case revenue is deferred and recognized when payments become due from the customer provided that all other revenue recognition criteria have been met. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of term license arrangements, ratably, on a straight-line basis, over the term of the underlying maintenance contract, and is typically up to one year. The Company recognizes revenues from maintenance ratably over the term of the underlying maintenance contract term. The term of the maintenance contract is usually one year. Revenues from professional services consist mostly of time and material services and, accordingly, are recognized as the services are performed or when the service term has expired. Professional services bundled with licensed software and other software related elements are not essential to the functionality of the other elements of the arrangement. Revenues allocable to the services are recognized as the services are performed, using VSOE for such services. Deferred revenues represent unrecognized fees billed or collected for maintenance and professional services. The Company does not grant a right of return to its customers, except for one of its resellers. During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, there were no returns from this reseller. Cost of revenues consists of the cost of maintenance and services, resulting from costs associated with support, and professional services. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC No. 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”. ASC No. 718 requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date of grant using an Option-Pricing Model (“OPM”). The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company recognizes compensation expenses for the value of its awards granted based on the straight-line method over the requisite service period of each of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures. ASC No. 718 requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Estimated forfeitures are based on actual historical pre-vesting forfeitures. The Company applies ASC 718 and ASC 505-50, “Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees” with respect to options issued to non-employees consultants. Accordingly, the Company uses option valuation models to measure the fair value of the options at the measurement date as defined in ASC 505-50. The Company selected the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model as the most appropriate fair value method for its stock options awards, whereas the fair value of restricted stock units is based on the market value of the underlying shares at the date of grant. The fair value of options granted to employees and non-employee directors is estimated at the date of grant using the following weighted average assumptions: 58 k. Cost of Revenues: l. Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation: Year ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Dividend yield 0% 0% 0% Expected volatility 60 - 64% 60 - 75% 60% - 75% Risk-free interest 1.97 - 2.30% 1.13 - 2.29% 1.10 - 1.24% Expected life 6.25 6.25 6.25 Table of Contents The Company used its historical volatility in accordance with ASC 718. The computation of volatility uses historical volatility derived from the Company’s exchange traded shares. Expected term of options granted is calculated based on the simplified method, in accordance with SAB 110, (i.e., as the average between the vesting period and the contractual term of the options), as adequate historical experience is not available to provide a reasonable estimate. The risk free interest rate assumption is the implied yield currently available on United States treasury zero-coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the Company’s options. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s historical experience and expectation of no future dividend payouts and may be subject to substantial change in the future. The Company has historically not paid cash dividends and has no foreseeable plans to pay cash dividends in the future. The non-cash compensation expenses related to employees and consultants for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 amounted to $4,664, $1,788 and $848, respectively. Research and development costs are charged to the statement of operations as incurred. ASC No. 985-20, “Software-Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed,” requires capitalization of certain software development costs subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility. Based on the Company’s product development process, technological feasibility is established upon the completion of a working model. The Company does not incur material costs between the completion of the working model and the point at which the product is ready for general release. Therefore, research and development costs are charged to the statement of operations as incurred. The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification No. 740, using the liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liability account balances are determined based on the differences between financial reporting and the tax basis for assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company provides a valuation allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts that are more likely-than-not to be realized. ASC 740 contains a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring a liability for uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that, on an evaluation of the technical merits, the tax position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company accrues interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its taxes on income. The Company’s primary objective for holding derivative instruments is to reduce its exposure to foreign currency rate changes. The Company reduces its exposure by entering into forward foreign exchange contracts with respect to operating expenses that are forecast to be incurred in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. A majority of the Company’s revenues and a majority of its operating expenditures are transacted in U.S. dollars. However, certain operating expenditures are incurred in or exposed to other currencies, primarily the New Israeli Shekel (“NIS”). 59 m. Research and Development Costs: n. Income Taxes: o. Derivative Instruments: Table of Contents The Company has established forecasted transaction currency risk management programs to protect against fluctuations in fair value and the volatility of future cash flows caused by changes in exchange rates. The Company’s currency risk management program includes forward foreign exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges. These forward foreign exchange contracts generally mature within 12 months. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. Derivative instruments measured at fair value and their classification on the consolidated balance sheets are presented in the following table (in thousands): As of December 31, 2013, there were no open derivative instruments arrangements. During 2014, the Company recorded operating losses due to foreign currency transactions in the amount of $864. The Company accounted for freestanding warrants to purchase shares of its convertible preferred stock as a liability on the balance sheet at fair value. The warrants to purchase convertible preferred stock were recorded as a liability until the date of the IPO because the underlying shares of convertible preferred stock were contingently redeemable (upon a deemed liquidation event) and, therefore, may have obligated the Company to transfer assets at some point in the future. The warrants were subject to re-measurement to fair value at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value is recognized as a component of financial income (expense), net, on the statements of operations. The warrants were classified into equity upon the IPO, as the underlying shares of preferred stock were converted into common stock. As of December, 31, 2014, there are no outstanding warrants. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, short-term deposits and trade receivables. The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term deposits are invested in major banks in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Israel and Canada. Such deposits in the United States may be in excess of insured limits and are not insured in other jurisdictions. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents with diverse financial institutions and monitors the amount of credit exposure to each financial institution. The Company’s trade receivables are geographically diversified and derived primarily from sales to a network of distributors and VARs mainly in the United States and Europe. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables is limited by credit limits, ongoing credit evaluation and account monitoring procedures. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its channel partners and establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon a specific review of all significant outstanding invoices. The Company writes off receivables when they are deemed uncollectible and having exhausted all collection efforts. Until December 31, 2012, VSI had a defined contribution plan (Simple IRA) available to all of its employees meeting certain service requirements. Employees were permitted to contribute up to a maximum of $11.5 of their annual compensation to the plan. VSI made a contribution to the plan in an amount equal to the employee’s contributions up to 3% of their salaries. 60 Liabilities as of December 31, 2014 (*) Notional Amount Fair Value Foreign Exchange Forward Contract Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships—included in other current liabilities $ 30,662 $ (326 ) (*) The Company had no derivative instruments as of December 31, 2013. p. Warrants to Purchase Convertible Preferred Stock: q. Concentrations of Credit Risks: r. Retirement and Severance Pay: Table of Contents Starting January 1, 2013, VSI made available to its employees a retirement plan (the “U.S. Plan”) that qualifies as a deferred salary arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Participants in the U.S. Plan may elect to defer a portion of their pre-tax earnings, up to the Internal Revenue Service annual contribution limit. VSI matches 100% of each participant’s contributions up to a maximum of 3% of the participant’s base pay and 50% of each participant’s contributions on contributions between 3% and 5% of the participant’s base pay. Each participant may contribute up to 80% of base remuneration up to the Internal Revenue Service’s annual contribution limit. Contributions to the U.S. Plan are recorded during the year contributed as an expense in the consolidated statements of income. Pursuant to Israel’s Severance Pay Law, Israeli employees are entitled to severance pay equal to one month’s salary for each year of employment, or a portion thereof. The employees of the Israeli subsidiary elected to be included under section 14 of the Severance Pay Law, 1963 (“section 14”). According to this section, these employees are entitled only to monthly deposits, at a rate of 8.33% of their monthly salary, made in their name with insurance companies. Payments in accordance with section 14 release the Company from any future severance payments (under the above Israeli Severance Pay Law) in respect of those employees; therefore, related assets and liabilities are not presented in the balance sheet. The Company’s liability for severance pay for the employees of its French subsidiary is calculated pursuant to French law, according to which French employees are entitled to an indemnity (a statutory redundancy) which is calculated as the larger of 20% of the average quarterly payroll of the employees or 33.3% of the average annual payroll. The law provides for the payment of severance payment to any employee working for the French subsidiary for at least a year. Total Company expenses related to retirement and severance pay amounted to $2,651, $1,739 and $1,250 for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. A three tier fair value hierarchy is established as a basis for considering such assumptions and for inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value: The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, short-term deposits and trade payables approximate their fair value due to the short-term maturity of such instruments. 61 s. Fair Value of Financial Instruments: • Level 1: Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. • Level 2: Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets or liabilities; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means. • Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions incorporated in valuation techniques used to determine fair value. These assumptions are required to be consistent with market participant assumptions that are reasonably available. Table of Contents Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by giving effect to all potential shares of common stock, including stock options, convertible preferred stock warrants stock, to the extent dilutive. Basic and diluted net loss per share was the same for each period presented as the inclusion of all potential shares of common stock outstanding would have been anti-dilutive. The Company accounts for its contingent liabilities in accordance with ASC No. 450 “Contingencies”. A provision is recorded when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. With respect to legal matters, provisions are reviewed and adjusted to reflect the impact of negotiations, estimated settlements, legal rulings, advice of legal counsel and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company was not a party to any ligation that could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In April 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-08 (ASU 2014-08), “Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant, and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity.” ASU 2014-08 raises the threshold for a disposal to qualify as a discontinued operation and requires new disclosures of both discontinued operations and certain other disposals that do not meet the definition of a discontinued operation. It is effective for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2014. Early adoption is permitted but only for disposals that have not been reported in financial statements previously issued. The Company does not expect the impact of the adoption of ASU 2014-08 to be material to its consolidated financial statements In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, an updated standard on revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 provides enhancements to the quality and consistency of how revenue is reported while also improving comparability in the financial statements of companies reporting using IFRS and US GAAP. The core principle of the new standard is for companies to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration (that is, payment) to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard also will result in enhanced disclosures about revenue, provide guidance for transactions that were not previously addressed comprehensively (for example, service revenue and contract modifications) and improve guidance for multiple-element arrangements. ASU 2014-09 will be effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2017 and may be applied on a full retrospective or modified retrospective approach. The Company is still evaluating the impact of implementation of this standard on its consolidated financial statements. 62 t. Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share: u. Contingent Liabilities: v. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements: Table of Contents Deferred charges relate to lease incentive, see Note 6b. Depreciation expenses for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were $1,285, $796 and $465, respectively. The Company has several liens granted to financial institutions mainly to secure various operating lease agreements in connection with its office space. The Company rents its facilities in all locations under operating leases with lease periods expiring from 2015-2026. The lease agreements of VSL include extension options. VSL leases cars for its employees under operating lease agreements expiring at various dates from 2015-2017. 63 NOTE 3:- PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS December 31, 2014 2013 Prepaid expenses $ 852 $ 839 Government institutions & other receivables 134 167 Deferred charges 1,811 187 Short-term deposits 128 104 Other 37 60 $ 2,962 $ 1,357 NOTE 4:- PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET December 31, 2014 2013 Cost: Computer equipment $ 5,306 $ 3,381 Office furniture and equipment 841 539 Leasehold improvements 1,774 597 7,921 4,517 Accumulated depreciation 3,932 2,661 Property and equipment, net $ 3,989 $ 1,856 NOTE 5:- ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER SHORT TERM LIABILITIES December 31, 2014 2013 Employees $ 7,890 $ 6,077 Accrued expenses 4,022 2,894 Government authorities and other 4,803 2,569 Other short term liabilities 39 103 $ 16,754 $ 11,643 NOTE 6:- COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES a. Liens: b. Lease Commitments: Table of Contents Aggregate minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2014 for the upcoming years were as follows: Total rent expenses for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were $2,986, $1,636 and $1,140, respectively. On June 18, 2014, the Company entered into a modification of lease agreement for its office space in New York City, which was originally leased in 2011. The modification extended the lease until February 28, 2026 and added additional premises. The Company has an option to terminate the lease on February 28, 2023 as well as the option to extend the lease for an additional five year period. For leases that contain predetermined fixed escalations of the minimum rent, the Company recognizes the related rent expense on a straight-line basis from the date of possession of the property to the end of the initial lease term. The Company records any differences between the straight-line rent amounts and amounts payable under the leases as part of deferred rent, in accrued liabilities or long-term liabilities, as appropriate. Cash or lease incentives received upon entering into certain leases (“tenant allowances”) are recognized on a straight-line basis as a reduction to rent from the date of possession of the property through the end of the initial lease term. The Company records the unamortized portion of tenant allowances as a part of deferred rent, in current liabilities or other long-term liabilities, as appropriate. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, deferred rent included $39 and $103, respectively, in current liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, and deferred rent included $3,698 and $14, respectively, in long-term liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. On March 31, 2014, the Company entered into a promissory note and related security documents with Bank Leumi USA. The Company may borrow up to $7,000 against certain of its accounts receivable outstanding amount, based on several conditions, at an annual interest rate of the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate less 0.15%. As of December 31, 2014, that rate amounted to 3.1%. This promissory note enables the Company to engage in foreign currency hedging transactions with Bank Leumi USA to manage exposure to foreign currency risk without restricted cash requirements. The Company may borrow under the promissory note until March 31, 2015 at which time the principal sum of each such loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest payable, will become due and payable. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had no balance outstanding under the promissory note. As part of the transaction, the Company granted the lender a security interest in our personal property, excluding intellectual property and other intangible assets. The promissory note also contains customary events of default. The following table sets forth the Company’s liabilities that were measured at fair value as of December 31, 2014 by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands): The following table sets forth the Company’s liabilities that were measured at fair value as of December 31, 2013 by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands): Prior to the IPO, financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis included warrants for convertible preferred stock. The warrants were classified as a liability in accordance with ASC 480-10-25 (see Note 10). These warrants were classified as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy since some of the inputs used in the valuation (the share price) were determined based on management’s assumptions. The fair value of the warrants on the issuance date and on subsequent reporting dates was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton options pricing model utilizing the assumptions noted below. The fair value of the underlying preferred stock price was determined by the board of directors considering, among others, third party Payments Due By Period 2015 $ 2,116 2016 3,507 2017 2,894 2018 2,721 2019 2,748 Thereafter 17,419 $ 31,405 NOTE 7:- FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS As of December 31, 2014 Level I Level II Level III Fair Value Financial Liabilities: Forward foreign exchange contracts — (326 ) — (326 ) Total financial liabilities $ — $ (326 ) $ — $ (326 ) As of December 31, 2013 Level I Level II Level III Fair Value Financial Liabilities: Warrants to purchase preferred shares — — $ 2,866 $ 2,866 Total financial liabilities $ — $ — $ 2,866 $ 2,866 64 Table of Contents valuations. The valuation of the Company was performed using a DCF model. The OPM method was then employed to allocate the enterprise value among the Company’s various equity classes, deriving a fully marketable value per share for the preferred stock. The expected terms of the warrants were based on the remaining contractual expiration period. The expected stock price volatility for the stock was determined by examining the historical volatilities of a group of the Company’s industry peers as there is no trading history of the Company’s stocks. The risk-free interest rate was calculated using the average of the published interest rates for U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with maturities that approximate the expected term. The dividend yield assumption was zero as there is no history of dividend payments. As of December 31, 2014, all the warrants were exercised. Prior to the IPO, the following assumptions were used to estimate the value of the Series C Preferred stock warrants: Prior to the IPO, the following assumptions were used to estimate the value of the Series D Preferred stock warrants: Prior to the IPO, the following assumptions were used to estimate the value of the Series E Preferred stock warrants: 65 December 31,2013 Expected volatility 60 % Risk-free rate 1.6 % Dividend yield 0 % Expected term (in years) 5.25 Share price 27.6 August 16, 2013(*) Expected volatility 60 % Risk-free rate 0.70 % Dividend yield 0 % Expected term (in years) 3.37 Share price $ 25.78 (*) As of December 31, 2013, all the Series D Preferred stock warrants were exercised. 2013 Expected volatility 60 % Risk-free rate 1.6% - 2.22 % Dividend yield 0 % Expected term (in years) 5.41 - 6.39 Share price 28.64 Table of Contents The change in the fair value of the preferred stock warrant liability is summarized below: a. Composition of Convertible Preferred Stock: The Company issued Series A through E Preferred stock between the years 2004 and 2011. The Company classified the convertible preferred stock outside of stockholders’ equity (deficiency) as required by ASC 480-10-S99-3A and ASR 268, since the shares possessed liquidation features which may have triggered a distribution of cash or assets that was not solely within the Company’s control. Pursuant to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation in effect prior to the IPO, a deemed liquidation event would have occurred upon the closing of the transfer of the Company’s securities to a person or a group of affiliated persons, in one or a series of related transactions, if immediately after such transaction, such person or group of affiliated persons would hold 50% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the Company. For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company did not adjust the carrying value of the convertible preferred stock to the deemed liquidation values of such shares since a deemed liquidation event was not probable at that balance sheet date. Upon closing of the IPO on March 5, 2014, all shares of the Company’s outstanding convertible preferred stock automatically converted into shares of the common stock. As of such date, no convertible preferred stock was authorized or issued and outstanding. 66 Balance at beginning of period Issuance of preferred stock warrants Exercise of preferred stock warrants Change in fair value Balance at end of period December 31, 2012 $ 2,321 $ 258 $ — $ 3,195 $ 5,774 December 31, 2013 $ 5,774 $ 263 $ (4,679 ) $ 1,508 $ 2,866 December 31, 2014 $ 2,866 $ — $ (2,866 ) $ — $ — Note 8:- CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK Authorized Issued and outstanding Number of shares Carrying amount December 31, December 31, 2013 2013 2013 Stock of $0.001 par value: Series A Preferred stock 5,035,715 5,035,715 $ 3,477 Series B Preferred stock 5,093,263 5,093,263 10,064 Series C Preferred stock 1,721,022 1,534,669 6,969 Series D Preferred stock 4,875,082 3,200,742 20,765 Series E Preferred stock 261,302 217,752 2,500 16,986,384 15,082,141 $ 43,775 Table of Contents The Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation authorizes the Company to issue 200,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share. The common stock confers upon its holders the right to participate in the general meetings of the Company, to vote at such meetings (each share represents one vote), to elect board members and to participate in any distribution of dividends or any other distribution of the Company’s property, including the distribution of surplus assets upon liquidation. On December 30, 2005, the Company’s board of directors adopted the Varonis Systems, Inc. 2005 Stock Plan (the “2005 Stock Plan”). As of December 31, 2013, the Company had reserved 4,713,319 shares of common stock available for issuance to employees, directors, officers and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The options generally vest over four years. No awards were granted under the 2005 Stock Plan subsequent to December 31, 2013, and no further awards will be granted under the 2005 Stock Plan. On November 14, 2013, the Company’s board of directors adopted the Varonis Systems, Inc. 2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2013 Plan”). As of December 31, 2014, the Company had reserved 1,904,633 shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2013 Plan to employees, directors, officers and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2013 Plan will be increased on January 1, 2016 and on each January 1 thereafter by four percent (4%) of the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding on each December 31 immediately prior to the date of increase (rounded down to the nearest whole share), but the amount of each increase will be limited to the number of shares of common stock necessary to bring the total number of shares of Common Stock available for grant and issuance under the 2013 Plan to five percent (5%) of the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding on each December 31. Options granted under the 2013 Plan generally vest over four years. Any award that is forfeited or canceled before expiration becomes available for future grants under the 2013 Plan. 67 NOTE 9:- STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIENCY) a. Composition of common stock capital: Authorized Issued and outstanding Number of shares December 31, December 31, 2014 2013 2014 2013 Stock of $0.001 par value: Common stock 200,000,000 26,000,000 24,685,604 3,953,314 b. Common stock rights: c. Stock option plans: Table of Contents A summary of employees’ stock options activities during the year ended December 31, 2014 is as follows: A summary of employees’ stock options activities during the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 is as follows: The weighted average grant date fair values of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were $14.087, $14.002 and $11.183, respectively. 68 Year ended December 31, 2014 Number Weighted average exercise price Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands) Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Options outstanding at the beginning of the year 3,233,235 $ 4.033 $ 65,723 5.700 Granted 1,111,940 $ 25.077 Exercised (213,174 ) $ 1.663 Forfeited (51,390 ) $ 19.449 Options outstanding at the end of the period 4,080,611 $ 9.697 $ 95,855 6.092 Vested and expected to vest 3,965,741 $ 9.318 $ 94,581 6.000 Options exercisable at the end of the period 2,620,454 $ 2.638 $ 79,117 4.359 Year ended December 31, 2013 Number Weighted average exercise price Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands) Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Options outstanding at the beginning of the year 2,809,923 $ 1.782 $ 43,801 5.952 Granted 541,150 $ 15.267 Exercised (105,021 ) $ 1.239 Forfeited (12,817 ) $ 13.998 Options outstanding at the end of the period 3,233,235 $ 4.033 $ 65,723 5.700 Vested and expected to vest 3,203,465 $ 3.941 $ 65,412 5.668 Options exercisable at the end of the period 2,550,694 $ 1.473 $ 58,377 4.799 Year ended December 31, 2012 Number Average exercise price Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands) Average remaining contractual life (years) Options outstanding at the beginning of the year 2,812,092 $ 1.247 $ 15,616 6.577 Options granted to consultant that became employee during the year 10,000 $ 1.256 Granted 183,929 $ 9.228 Exercised (179,075 ) $ 0.938 Forfeited (17,023 ) $ 2.382 Options outstanding at the end of the year 2,809,923 $ 1.782 $ 43,801 5.952 Vested and expected to vest 2,787,889 $ 1.742 $ 43,568 5.930 Options exercisable at the end of the year 2,488,512 $ 1.197 $ 40,247 5.610 Table of Contents The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total intrinsic value that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on the last date of the exercise period. Total intrinsic value of options exercised for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were $4,800, $2,218 and $2,420, respectively. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were $17,016 and $7,982, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the 2005 Stock Plan and 2013 Plan. This cost is expected to be recognized over a period of approximately 3.173 and 2.748 years, respectively. The options outstanding as of December 31, 2014 have been separated into ranges of exercise price as follows: The options outstanding as of December 31, 2013 have been separated into ranges of exercise price as follows: The Company’s outstanding options granted to consultants for sales and pre-marketing services as of December 31, 2014 were as follows: 69 Range of exercise price Options outstanding as of December 31, 2014 Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Weighted average exercise price Options exercisable as of December 31, 2014 Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Weighted average exercise price of options exercisable $0.070-0.901 594,591 2.504 $ 0.728 594,591 2.504 $ 0.728 $1.039-1.576 1,651,595 4.255 $ 1.261 1,651,595 4.255 $ 1.261 $6.230-8.800 174,222 6.886 $ 6.724 135,318 6.815 $ 6.739 $12.470 413,680 8.175 $ 12.470 184,504 8.152 $ 12.470 $21.00-24.23 1,039,073 9.476 $ 21.611 54,446 8.812 $ 21.764 $39.86 207,450 9.227 $ 39.860 — 0.000 $ 0.000 4,080,611 6.092 $ 9.697 2,620,454 4.359 $ 2.638 Range of exercise price Options outstanding as of December 31, 2013 Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Weighted average exercise price Options exercisable as of December 31, 2013 Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) Weighted average exercise price of options exercisable $0.070-0.901 758,047 3.367 $ 0.744 758,047 3.367 $ 0.744 $1.039-1.576 1,682,942 5.208 $ 1.260 1,656,365 5.186 $ 1.255 $6.230-8.800 185,346 7.878 $ 6.709 102,998 7.791 $ 6.801 $12.470 444,700 9.174 $ 12.470 33,284 8.896 $ 12.470 $21.14-24.23 162,200 9.686 $ 21.983 — 0.000 $ 0.000 3,233,235 5.700 $ 4.033 2,550,694 4.799 $ 1.473 d. Options issued to consultants: Issuance date Options for shares of common stock Exercise price per share Options exercisable Exercisable through (number) (number) December 2006 15,000 $ 0.901 15,000 December 2016 February 2013 4,000 $ 12.470 1,832 February 2023 August 2013 5,000 $ 21.140 1,665 August 2023 October 2013 1,250 $ 24.230 363 October 2023 March 2014 16,450 $ 39.860 — March 2024 May 2014 8,700 $ 22.010 — May 2024 August 2014 36,250 $ 21.000 — August 2024 November 2014 12,000 $ 21.660 — November 2024 98,650 18,860 Table of Contents The Company’s outstanding options granted to consultants for sales and pre-marketing services as of December 31, 2013 were as follows: The Company recognized non-cash stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands): The following provides a summary of the restricted stock unit activity for the Company for the year ended December 31, 2014: 70 Issuance date Options for shares of common stock Exercise price per share Options exercisable Exercisable through (number) (number) December 2006 40,090 $ 0.901 40,090 December 2016 May 2012 1,500 $ 6.800 656 May 2022 February 2013 4,000 $ 12.470 — February 2023 August 2013 5,000 $ 21.140 — August 2023 October 2013 1,250 $ 24.230 — October 2023 51,840 40,746 e. Stock-based compensation expense for employees and consultants: Year ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Cost of revenues $ 192 $ 39 $ 41 Research and development 1,198 551 327 Sales and marketing 2,478 841 284 General and administrative 796 357 196 Total $ 4,664 $ 1,788 $ 848 f. Restricted stock units for non-employee directors: Number of Shares Underlying Outstanding Restricted Stock Units Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Average Intrinsic Value (in thousands) Outstanding as of January 1, 2014 — $ — Granted 31,905 $ 21.00 Vested (4,435 ) $ 21.00 Forfeited — $ — Unvested as of December 31, 2014 27,470 $ 21.00 $ 325 g. On January 30, 2012, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “2012 SPA”) with one of its founders, pursuant to which the Company purchased 87,100 shares of common stock, at a price per share of $11.48, for total consideration of $1,000. Table of Contents The difference between the price per share and the fair value of the common stock at the repurchase date, multiplied by the number of shares purchased, in the amount of $234 was recorded as compensation expenses with respect to employees in accordance with ASC 718. Simultaneously with the 2012 SPA, the Company sold the 87,100 shares of common stock to several of its existing stockholders at a price per share of $11.48 for a total consideration of $1,000. 71 Note 10:- WARRANTS TO PURCHASE PREFERRED STOCK Issuance with respect to Warrants to purchase Issuance date Number of warrants Exercise price Contractual term 2007 Credit Line Agreement Preferred C 11/7/2007 69,882 $4.56 per share or the lowest price per share in the next preferred stock investment round. The longer of 7 years from the issuance date of the warrants or 5 years following an effective IPO 2007 Credit Line Agreement Preferred C 5/1/2008 23,294 $4.56 per share or the lowest price per share in the next preferred stock investment round. The longer of 7 years from the issuance date of the warrants or 5 years following an effective IPO Series D Transaction Preferred D 12/21/2009 180,312 $5.04 The longer of 6 years from issuance date of the warrants or 3 years from the date the common stock is listed for trading on a national securities exchange Series D Transaction Preferred D 12/21/2010 45,348 $5.04 The longer of 6 years from issuance date of the warrants or 3 years from the date the common stock is listed for trading on a national securities exchange 2012 Credit Line Agreement Preferred E 5/29/2012 15,242 $11.48 per share or the lowest price per share in the next preferred stock investment round (but in no event lower than $9.18 per share) The longer of 7 years from the issuance date of the warrants or 5 years following an effective IPO 2012 Credit Line Agreement—amendment Preferred E 5/21/2013 14,154 $11.48 per share or the lowest price per share in the next preferred stock investment round (but in no event lower than $9.18 per share) The longer of 7 years from the issuance date of the warrants or 5 years following an effective IPO (*) As of December 31, 2014, no warrants to purchase preferred stock were outstanding. Table of Contents a. The fair value of the Series C Preferred stock warrants on the date of issuance was $341. As of December 31, 2013, all the Series C Preferred stock warrants were outstanding. b. In conjunction with the 2012 Credit Line Agreement, the Company issued TriplePoint warrants to purchase 15,242 shares of the Company’s Series E Preferred stock. No warrants are currently outstanding. The fair value of the Series E Preferred stock warrants on the date of issuance was $258. In conjunction with the amendment of the 2012 Credit Line Agreement, the Company issued TriplePoint warrants to purchase 14,154 shares of the Company’s Series E Preferred stock. No warrants are currently outstanding. The fair value of the Series E Preferred stock warrants on the date of issuance was $263. As of December 31, 2013, all the Series E Preferred Stock warrants were outstanding. c. In conjunction with a Series D Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement entered into by the Company on December 22, 2008 (the “Series D Transaction”), the Company agreed to grant warrants to purchase a number of shares of Series D Preferred stock based on future annual revenue targets to one of the investors in the Series D Transaction, which is also one of the Company’s resellers (the “Reseller”), all pursuant to certain conditions stipulated in a management agreement between the parties. No warrants are currently outstanding. The Company is taxed in accordance with U.S. tax laws. As of December 31, 2014, the Company had accumulated tax loss carry-forward for federal and state tax purposes of approximately $20,324 and $10,814, respectively. If not utilized, these carryforwards will expire starting in 2027 and 2016 for federal and state tax purposes, respectively. Included in the above net operating loss carryforwards are $1,413 and $1,172 of federal and state net operating loss carryforwards, respectively, associated with a windfall tax benefit that will be recorded as additional paid in capital when realized. In addition, as of December 31, 2014, the Company had federal credit carryforwards of approximately $294. If not utilized, the federal tax carryforward will expire between 2016 and 2032. Utilization of U.S. net operating losses may be subject to substantial annual limitations due to the “change in ownership” provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating losses before utilization. 72 NOTE 11:- INCOME TAXES a. The Company: Table of Contents Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The Company’s deferred tax assets are derived from its U.S. net operating loss carry forwards and other temporary differences. In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Based on the Company’s history of losses in the US and Israel jurisdictions, the Company established a valuation allowance on its US and Israel deferred tax assets. 73 b. Profit (loss) before taxes on income is comprised as follows: Year ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Domestic $ (15,606 ) $ (4,501 ) $ (4,487 ) Foreign (3,416 ) (2,618 ) (112 ) $ (19,022 ) $ (7,119 ) $ (4,599 ) c. Taxes on loss are comprised as follows: Year ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Domestic: Federal $ — $ — $ — State 16 5 40 Foreign 360 351 207 $ 376 $ 356 $ 247 d. Deferred income taxes: December 31, 2014 2013 Carry forward losses and credits $ 7,947 $ 6,086 Deferred revenues 9,146 6,995 Accrued payroll, commissions, vacation 610 465 Allowance for doubtful accounts 64 142 Accrued severance pay 443 339 Other 731 318 Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance 18,941 14,345 Valuation allowance (18,941 ) (14,345 ) Net deferred tax assets $ — $ — Table of Contents A reconciliation between the theoretical tax expense, assuming all income is taxed at the statutory tax rate applicable to income of the Company, and the actual tax expense (benefit) as reported in the consolidated statements of operations is as follows: There was $577 of unrecognized income tax benefits that, if recognized, $552 would impact the effective tax rate in the period in which each of the benefits is recognized. The Company includes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for income taxes on the consolidated statements of operations. The total amount of penalties and interest is approximately $40 as of December 31, 2014. 1. Israel tax benefits under the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959 (the “Investment Law”): Conditions for entitlement to the benefits: The benefits available to a Beneficiary Enterprise relate only to taxable income attributable to the specific investment program and are conditioned upon terms stipulated in the Investment Law and the related regulations and the criteria set forth in the applicable certificate of approval (for an Beneficiary Enterprise). If VSL does not fulfill these conditions, in whole or in part, the benefits can be cancelled, and VSL may be required to refund the benefits, in an amount linked to the Israeli consumer price index plus interest. The Office of the Chief Scientist at Israel’s Ministry of Industry, Trade and Labor approved the Israeli subsidiary as an R&D-incentive enterprise for a foreign resident company in accordance with the Encouragement of Capital Investments (Consolidated Version) Law. 74 e. Reconciliation of the theoretical tax expenses: Year ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Loss before taxes, as reported in the consolidated statements of operations $ (19,022 ) $ (7,119 ) $ (4,599 ) Statutory tax rate 34 % 34 % 35 % Theoretical tax benefits on the above amount at the US statutory tax rate $ (6,468 ) $ (2,420 ) $ (1,610 ) Income tax at rate other than the U.S. statutory tax rate 993 720 (82 ) Tax advances and non-deductible expenses including equity based compensation expenses 1,296 715 810 Operating losses and other temporary differences for which valuation allowance was provided 4,596 803 990 State tax (409 ) (184 ) 40 Impact of rate change 49 537 — Tax reserve for uncertain tax positions 308 119 150 Other individually immaterial income tax items 11 66 (51 ) Actual tax expense $ 376 $ 356 $ 247 f. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits in the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 are as follows: Gross unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2013 $ 150 Increase/decrease in tax position for current year (10 ) Increase in tax position for current year 129 Gross unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2013 269 Increase/decrease in tax position for current year 4 Increase in tax position for current year 304 Gross unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2014 $ 577 g. Foreign taxation: Table of Contents If cash dividends are distributed out of tax exempt profits in a manner other than upon complete liquidation, VSL will then become liable for tax at the rate of 10%-25% (depending on the level of foreign investments in VSL) in respect of the amount distributed. 2. Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries: As of December 31, 2014, approximately $2,147 of undistributed earnings from non-U.S. operations held by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are designated as indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. Accordingly, no additional U.S. income taxes or additional foreign withholding taxes have been provided thereon. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability related to these earnings is not practicable. The Company has final tax assessments in the U.S. through 2009, VSL in Israel through 2008, VSUK in UK through 2011, VSF in France through 2011, and VSG in Germany through 2011. In 2013, the Israeli Tax Authorities (“ITA”) initiated a tax assessment audit on VSL for the years 2009- 2011. On December 30, 2013, the ITA issued an assessment for the year 2009, amounting to approximately $115 (including interest and adjustment to inflation). The Company has filed an objection letter. The Company believes it has valid arguments to support its positions and intends to defend against such tax assessment. The Company has recorded a provision with respect to its uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740. VSC does not have a final tax assessment since its inception. 3. Carryforward losses of foreign subsidiaries As of December 31, 2014, VSL had a net operating tax loss carryforward of approximately $5,187. These carryforward losses have no expiration dates and may be carried forward indefinitely. As of December 31, 2014, VSL also has credits in Israel totaling $226. These credits have no expiration date. Summary information about geographic areas: ASC 280, “Segment Reporting,” establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company manages its business on the basis of one reportable 75 h. Tax assessments: NOTE 12:- FINANCIAL EXPENSES, NET Year ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Financial income: Interest on bank deposits $ 188 $ 36 $ 97 Foreign currency transactions gains, net — 622 320 188 658 417 Financial expenses: Deferred charges 187 200 141 Revaluation of warrants — 1,508 3,195 Bank charges 109 149 40 Foreign currency transactions loss, net 1,591 75 — Interest expenses — — 86 Other 15 — — (1,902 ) (1,932 ) (3,462 ) $ (1,714 ) $ (1,274 ) $ (3,045 ) NOTE 13:- GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION AND MAJOR CUSTOMER AND PRODUCT DATA Table of Contents segment, and derives revenues from licensing of software, sale of professional services, maintenance and technical support (see Note 1 for a brief description of the Company’s business). The following is a summary of revenues within geographic areas: During the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, there were no sales to a single customer exceeding 10% of the Company’s revenues. 76 Year ended December 31, 2014 2013 2012 Revenues based on customer’s location: United States $ 56,910 $ 42,165 $ 31,062 EMEA (*) 35,809 25,986 18,690 Rest of the World 8,629 6,465 3,658 Total revenues $ 101,348 $ 74,616 $ 53,410 (*) Sales to customers in France accounted for $10,419 for the year ended December 31, 2014. In 2013 and 2012, sales in France did not exceed 10% of the Company’s revenues. December 31, 2014 2013 Long-lived assets by geographic region: United States $ 2,146 $ 777 Israel 1,648 956 Other 195 123 $ 3,989 $ 1,856 Table of Contents There have been no changes in our independent registered public accounting firm, Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of Ernst & Young Global, or disagreements with our accountants on matters of accounting and financial disclosure. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report were effective at a reasonable assurance level in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. We believe that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting This Annual Report on Form 10-K does not include a report of management’s assessment regarding internal control over financial reporting or an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm due to a transition period established by the rules of the SEC for newly public companies. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. None. 77 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Item 9B. Other Information Table of Contents PART III The information required by this item (other than the information set forth in the next paragraph in this Item 10) will be included in our definitive proxy statement with respect to our 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC and is incorporated herein by reference. We have adopted a code of business conduct and ethics that is applicable to all of our employees, officers and directors, including our chief executive and senior financial officers. The code of business conduct and ethics is available on our website at www.varonis.com. We expect that any amendment to the code, or any waivers of its requirements, will be disclosed on our website. The inclusion of our website in this Form 10-K does not include or incorporate by reference the information on our website into this Form 10-K. The information called for by this item will be included in our definitive proxy statement with respect to our 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC and is incorporated herein by reference. The information called for by this item will be included in our definitive proxy statement with respect to our 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC and is incorporated herein by reference. The information called for by this item will be included in our definitive proxy statement with respect to our 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC and is incorporated herein by reference. The information called for by this item will be included in our definitive proxy statement with respect to our 2015 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be filed with the SEC and is incorporated herein by reference. 78 Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporat e Governance Item 11. Ex ecutive Compensation Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services Table of Contents PART IV (a) Financial Statements Our consolidated financial statements are listed in the “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto. (b) Exhibits 79 Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules Exhibit Number Description of the Document 3.1(1) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation 3.2(2) Amended and Restated Bylaws 4.1(3) Third Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated as of February 24, 2011, by and among the Company and certain holders of the Company’s capital stock named therein 10.1(4)† Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and its directors and officers 10.2(5)† 2005 Stock Plan, as amended May 7, 2013 10.3(6)† 2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan 10.4(7)† Forms of Restricted Stock Unit Award Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan 10.5(8)† Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Yakov Faitelson, dated as of February 10, 2014 10.6(9)† Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Ohad Korkus, dated as of February 10, 2014 10.7(10)† Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Gili Iohan, dated as of February 10, 2014 10.8(11)† Employment Agreement by and between the Company and James O’Boyle, dated as of February 10, 2014 10.9(12) Israel Office Lease, dated as of June 17, 2013, by and between Wintegra Ltd. and Varonis Systems Ltd. 10.10(13) New York Office Lease, dated as of December 19, 2011 by and between JT MH 1250 Owner LP and the Company 10.11(14) First Modification of Lease Agreement, dated as of June 18, 2014, between JT MH 1250 Owner LP and the Company 10.12(15)* EMC Select Distributor Agreement for Software, dated January 24, 2007, by and between EMC Corporation and the Company 10.13(16)* Amendment No. 1 to the EMC Select Distributor Agreement for Software, dated July 2011, by and between EMC Corporation and the Company 21.1 List of Subsidiaries 23.1 Consent of Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of Ernst & Young Global 31.1 Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 31.2 Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.1** Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.2** Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Table of Contents 80 101 The following materials from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 , formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) related notes to these consolidated financial statements, tagged as blocks of text and in detail † Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. * Confidential treatment for portions of this exhibit has been granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. ** Document has been furnished, is not deemed filed and is not to be incorporated by reference into any of the Company’s filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in any such filing. (1) Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 8, 2014 (File No. 001-35324) (the “Company’s First Quarter 2014 Form 10-Q”) and incorporated herein by reference. (2) Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s First Quarter 2014 Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference. (3) Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File 333-191840) (the “IPO Registration Statement”) with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (4) Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (5) Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (6) Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 6, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (7) Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 6, 2014 (File No. 001-35324) (the “Company’s Third Quarter 2014 Form 10-Q”) and incorporated herein by reference. (8) Filed as Exhibit 10.8 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (9) Filed as Exhibit 10.9 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (10) Filed as Exhibit 10.10 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (11) Filed as Exhibit 10.11 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (12) Filed as Exhibit 10.12 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on November 12, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (13) Filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (14) Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Third Quarter 2014 Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference. (15) Filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (16) Filed as Exhibit 10.15 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. Table of Contents SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. February 19, 2015 By: /s/ Yakov Faitelson Yakov Faitelson Chief Executive Officer and President February 19, 2015 By: /s/ Gili Iohan Gili Iohan Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) Table of Contents POWER OF ATTORNEY Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Yakov Faitelson and Gili Iohan, and each of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution, severally, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated below. Signature Title Date /s/ Yakov Faitelson Yakov Faitelson Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer) February 18, 2015 /s/ Ohad Korkus Ohad Korkus Chief Technology Officer and Director February 18, 2015 /s/ Gili Iohan Gili Iohan Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) and Principal Accounting Officer February 18, 2015 /s/ Kevin Comolli Kevin Comolli Director February 18, 2015 /s/ John J. Gavin, Jr. John J. Gavin, Jr. Director February 18, 2015 /s/ Rona Segev-Gal Rona Segev-Gal Director February 18, 2015 /s/ Erez Shachar Erez Shachar Director February 18, 2015 /s/ Fred Van Den Bosch Fred Van Den Bosch Director February 18, 2015 Table of Contents EXHIBIT INDEX Exhibit Number Description of the Document 3.1(1) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation 3.2(2) Amended and Restated Bylaws 4.1(3) Third Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated as of February 24, 2011, by and among the Company and certain holders of the Company’s capital stock named therein 10.1(4)† Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and its directors and officers 10.2(5)† 2005 Stock Plan, as amended May 7, 2013 10.3(6)† 2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan 10.4(7)† Forms of Restricted Stock Unit Award Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2013 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan 10.5(8)† Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Yakov Faitelson, dated as of February 10, 2014 10.6(9)† Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Ohad Korkus, dated as of February 10, 2014 10.7(10)† Employment Agreement by and between the Company and Gili Iohan, dated as of February 10, 2014 10.8(11)† Employment Agreement by and between the Company and James O’Boyle, dated as of February 10, 2014 10.9(12) Israel Office Lease, dated as of June 17, 2013, by and between Wintegra Ltd. and Varonis Systems Ltd. 10.10(13) New York Office Lease, dated as of December 19, 2011 by and between JT MH 1250 Owner LP and the Company 10.11(14) First Modification of Lease Agreement, dated as of June 18, 2014, between JT MH 1250 Owner LP and the Company 10.12(15)* EMC Select Distributor Agreement for Software, dated January 24, 2007, by and between EMC Corporation and the Company 10.13(16)* Amendment No. 1 to the EMC Select Distributor Agreement for Software, dated July 2011, by and between EMC Corporation and the Company 21.1 List of Subsidiaries 23.1 Consent of Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer, a member of Ernst & Young Global 31.1 Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 31.2 Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.1** Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.2** Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 101 The following materials from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 , formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) related notes to these consolidated financial statements, tagged as blocks of text and in detail † Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. * Confidential treatment for portions of this exhibit has been granted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. ** Document has been furnished, is not deemed filed and is not to be incorporated by reference into any of the Company’s filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in any such filing. (1) Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 8, 2014 (File No. 001-35324) (the “Company’s First Quarter 2014 Form 10-Q”) and incorporated herein by reference. (2) Filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s First Quarter 2014 Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference. (3) Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File 333-191840) (the “IPO Registration Statement”) with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (4) Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (5) Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (6) Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 6, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (7) Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 6, 2014 (File No. 001-35324) (the “Company’s Third Quarter 2014 Form 10-Q”) and incorporated herein by reference. (8) Filed as Exhibit 10.8 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (9) Filed as Exhibit 10.9 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (10) Filed as Exhibit 10.10 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (11) Filed as Exhibit 10.11 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on February 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. (12) Filed as Exhibit 10.12 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on November 12, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (13) Filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (14) Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Third Quarter 2014 Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference. (15) Filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. (16) Filed as Exhibit 10.15 to the IPO Registration Statement with the SEC on October 22, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. Exhibit 21.1 VARONIS SYSTEMS, INC. SUBSIDIARIES Subsidiary State/Country of Incorporation/Formation Varonis Systems Ltd. Israel Varonis (UK) Limited England Varonis Systems (Deutschland) GmbH Germany Varonis France SAS France Varonis Systems Corp. Canada (British Columbia) Exhibit 23.1 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-194657) of our report dated February 19, 2015, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Varonis Systems, Inc., included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014. /s/ KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER A Member of Ernst & Young Global Tel-Aviv, Israel February 19, 2015 Exhibit 31.1 CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER I, Yakov Faitelson, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Varonis Systems, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 19, 2015 By: /s/ Yakov Faitelson Yakov Faitelson Chief Executive Officer and President Exhibit 31.2 CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER I, Gili Iohan, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Varonis Systems, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 19, 2015 By: /s/ Gili Iohan Gili Iohan Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) Exhibit 32.1 CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Varonis Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2014 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Yakov Faitelson, as Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: February 19, 2015 This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. By: /s/ Yakov Faitelson Yakov Faitelson Chief Executive Officer and President Exhibit 32.2 CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 In connection with the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Varonis Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) for the year ended December 31, 2014 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), Gili Iohan, as Chief Financial Officer of the Company, hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Date: February 19, 2015 This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. By: /s/ Gili Iohan Gili Iohan Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

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