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Verizon

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FY2016 Annual Report · Verizon
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Building a  
connected world

2016 Annual Report

...and a better future 
for everyone

hum evolution

XO agreement announced

5G trials

Hearst joint venture

Boston build announcement

Awesomeness TV

Frontier sale

Wired Differently campaign

New prepaid plans

VZ Messages upgrade

Telogis

New labor agreements

New Verizon Plan & My Verizon app

One Fiber build

RootMetrics® clean sweep

LTE Advanced

Fleetmatics

Sensity

Qualcomm & ThingSpace initiative

Google Pixel

4G LTE drone test

hum evolution

XO agreement announced

5G trials

Hearst joint venture

Boston build announcement

Awesomeness TV

Frontier sale

Wired Differently campaign

New prepaid plans

VZ Messages upgrade

Telogis

New labor agreements

New Verizon Plan & My Verizon app

One Fiber build

RootMetrics® clean sweep

LTE Advanced

Fleetmatics

Sensity

Qualcomm & ThingSpace initiative

Google Pixel

4G LTE drone test

 www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport     |     1

Financial and operational highlights 

as of December 31, 2016

Dividends declared per share

2016

2015

2014

$2.285

$2.23

$2.16

$3.21 reported earnings per share

1.01% wireless retail postpaid churn

$3.87 adjusted earnings per share 
(non-GAAP)

$126.0 billion in consolidated revenues

$89.2 billion in wireless revenues

92.5 million retail postpaid 4G LTE 
connections

$22.7 billion in cash flow from operations

5.7 million Fios Internet subscribers

10th consecutive year of annual  
dividend increases

114.2 million wireless retail connections

4.7 million Fios Video subscribers 

4.6% growth in Fios revenues

Note: Certain reclassifications have been made, where appropriate, to reflect comparable operating results. 

See our investor website (www.verizon.com/about/investors) for reconciliations to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for the non-GAAP financial measures included in this annual report.

Forward-looking statements 
In this report, we have made forward-looking statements. These statements are based on our estimates and assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements 
include the information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations. Forward-looking statements also include those preceded or followed by the words “anticipates,”  
“believes,” “estimates,” “hopes” or similar expressions. For those statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities 
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The following important factors, along with those discussed in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), could affect future results and 
could cause those results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements: adverse conditions in the U.S. and international economies; the effects of competition in the 
markets in which we operate; material changes in technology or technology substitution; disruption of our key suppliers’ provisioning of products or services; changes in the regulatory environment 
in which we operate, including any increase in restrictions on our ability to operate our networks; breaches of network or information technology security, natural disasters, terrorist attacks or acts 
of war or significant litigation and any resulting financial impact not covered by insurance; our high level of indebtedness; an adverse change in the ratings afforded our debt securities by nationally 
accredited ratings organizations or adverse conditions in the credit markets affecting the cost, including interest rates, and/or availability of further financing; material adverse changes in labor 
matters, including labor negotiations, and any resulting financial and/or operational impact; significant increases in benefit plan costs or lower investment returns on plan assets; changes in tax 
laws or treaties, or in their interpretation; changes in accounting assumptions that regulatory agencies, including the SEC, may require or that result from changes in the accounting rules or their 
application, which could result in an impact on earnings; the inability to implement our business strategies; and the inability to realize the expected benefits of strategic transactions.

2     |     www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

Corporate responsibility highlights
Verizon’s technology delivers environmental and societal benefits to our customers. To learn more about our 
initiatives, please review our Corporate Responsibility Supplement at www.verizon.com/about/responsibility.

Education

Through Verizon Innovative Learning, the education initiative of the Verizon Foundation, 
we are providing free technology, access and an immersive, hands-on learning curriculum 
to underserved communities across America.

Program results indicate:

Verizon Innovative 
Learning reached more 
than 200K students  
in 2016.

Teachers are 
more skilled at 
using technology 
in the classroom.

Students find 
technology 
makes STEM 
more interesting.

Students are 
more confident.

Sustainability

Verizon is working to minimize our environmental impact through energy efficiency and 
waste reduction measures.

Carbon intensity

To build on our progress, we:

In 2009, we pledged to reduce our carbon 
intensity— the carbon our business emits divided 
by the terabytes of data we transport over our 
networks— by 50 percent by 2020, even as we 
grew our business. We achieved this goal in 2016.

Verizon carbon intensity 2009–2016

2009  
baseline

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Goal

18%

29%

31%

40%

40%

48%

54%

•  Established a new goal to double our current 
green energy capacity by 2025 by adding 
24MW of green energy. 

•  Reduced Verizon’s water consumption by 
4 percent, toward our goal of a 7 percent 
reduction from the 2014 baseline by 2020. 

•  Met our goal for 75 percent of assessed 

suppliers to comply with our environmental 
standards, and set a new goal for 75 percent 
of assessed suppliers to be compliant with 
comprehensive corporate responsibility 
standards by 2020.

•  Helped our customers eliminate 5.9 to 

8.6 million metric tons of GHG emissions, 
equivalent to removing 1.2 to 1.8 million cars 
from the road for one year.

 www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport     |     3

We are united in 
our belief that 
“better matters.”

Dear Shareholders, 

Investing in superior networks 

2016 at-a-glance

In one of the most dynamic business 
environments in memory, Verizon 
delivered solid results while continuing 
to transform for the digital-first 
marketplace. Our 2016 performance 
reflects the attributes that have 
become the hallmarks of Verizon: 
leadership in wireless and fiber 
networks; a growing base of loyal, 
high-quality customers; innovation 
in mobile and digital services; 
and investment in new sources of 
growth in the digital economy. We 
remain well-positioned for long-
term profitable growth as we take 
advantage of the opportunities 
created by technology advances 
and growing demand for connected 
solutions.

The foundation of Verizon’s 
performance— in 2016, as in every 
year in our history— is our consistently 
superior network. This fact was 
confirmed by third-party studies such 
as the most recent RootMetrics® 
surveys, which ranked Verizon the 
best wireless network in the U.S. in  
all six of its categories: overall 
performance, network reliability, 
network speed, data performance, call 
performance and text performance. 
This was the seventh consecutive 
time Verizon ranked #1 in the U.S. 
We have sustained our quality edge 
amid a period of extraordinary 
growth in 4G LTE wireless network 
usage, which was up 47 percent year 
over year in 2016, driven by surging 
demand for mobile video.

•  Strong wireless demand in a 

highly penetrated market with  
increased competition

•  Customer growth, satisfaction 
and loyalty remained strong

•  Progress in building new sources 

of revenue by:

• 

• 

• 

 Investing in next-generation 
fiber and wireless networks

 Building new platforms in 
digital commerce, video and 
the Internet of Things

 Developing applications and 
content— on our own and with 
partners— to drive traffic to  
our superior networks

•  Focus on fundamental  

execution and delivering value  
to shareholders

4     |     www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
In keeping with our history of network 
innovation, we are also reinventing 
our network architecture around 
a common fiber platform that will 
support all of Verizon’s businesses. 
This new “One Fiber” architecture  
will improve our 4G LTE coverage, 
speed the deployment of 5G, 
and deliver high-speed broadband 
to homes and businesses of all 
sizes. We launched One Fiber in 
Boston in 2016 and plan to invest 
$300 million over six years to deploy 
it throughout the city. Going forward, 
we will have further opportunities for 
expansion through recently acquired 
XO Communications, which has 
fiber assets in 45 of the 50 largest 
markets across the U.S.

Through every generation of 
technology, we have used network 
innovation to create new opportunities 
for growth and deliver superior 
service to customers. We remain 
dedicated to providing the foundation 
for the connected life on which our 
customers depend.

Delivering for customers

When J.D. Power asked customers  
in 2016 to rate the quality of their 
communications services, Verizon 
ranked #1 in three out of four regions 
for residential internet service, #1 in 
six out of six regions surveyed for 
wireless, and #1 overall among U.S. 
large-business customers. These 
ratings speak to both the excellence 
of our networks and the dedication of 
our employees to delivering superior 
customer service.

These attributes also contribute to 
Verizon’s having a high-quality, loyal 
customer base. In wireless, we ended 
the year with 114.2 million retail 
connections, up 1.9 percent year over 
year. In 2016 we added 1.3 million 
postpaid smartphones and maintained 
our industry-leading retail postpaid 
phone churn of less than 0.9 percent 
for the year, showing that customers 
do indeed believe that “better matters.” 
Customers responded strongly to 

In wireless, we ended the 
year with 114.2 million retail 
connections, up 1.9% year  
over  year.  

In order to respond to our customers’ 
needs, we continue to evolve our 
network architecture to increase 
efficiency and provide the highest 
quality experience. Our superior 
4G LTE Advanced wireless network 
will be our mainstay for years to 
come. We are constantly adding 
to its capacity to handle increased 
traffic, and preparing for the future 
by deploying and recycling spectrum 
while building small cells at a 
significant reduction in cost. 

We lead the industry in the 
development of the next generation 
of wireless networks, known as 
5G, along with the ecosystem 
of products this exciting new 
technology will enable. With speeds 
more than 1 gigabyte per second— 
100 times faster than current 
wireless technology— and latency 
that is literally faster than the blink 
of an eye, 5G will open new market 
opportunities in fixed broadband 
and the Internet of Things (IoT). 5G 
technology will eventually impact 
industry sectors across the global 
economy and create an estimated 
$12.3 trillion in market opportunity 
by 2035.

To prepare for these growth 
opportunities, we have created the 
largest 5G proving ground in the 
U.S. In 2016, we conducted successful 
technical trials of 5G infrastructure 
and will follow up in 2017 with pre-
commercial pilots in 11 markets 
around the country in preparation for 
introducing fixed wireless service. 
We’re also working with partners 
across the technology industry to 
develop the ecosystem of devices 
and network components to make 
5G a reality. We believe these 
initiatives— leveraged by our strong 
spectrum and fiber assets— will give 
us crucial first-mover advantage in 
these new markets.

 www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport     |     5

Network superiority: Our One Fiber build in Boston 
We believe a better network matters. That’s why we work continually to 
evolve next-generation networks.

Areas of growth: IoT and telematics 
Verizon has become a major force in the Internet of Things marketplace, 
and we’ve dramatically transformed our telematics capabilities.

innovations such as Safety Mode and 
carryover data plans that give them 
more control over their wireless usage.

In our wireline business, we ended  
the year with 5.7 million Fios Internet 
and 4.7 million Fios Video customers.  
We’re growing by showing 
customers that our all-fiber Fios 
service is indeed “wired differently” 
and delivering a steady stream of 
innovations like 750 Mbps “Instant 
Internet” and our popular Custom TV 
packages. Fios revenue growth 
remains strong, and we see more 
opportunity to grow as we penetrate 
big urban markets like Boston, New 
York and Philadelphia. 

Our Enterprise Solutions group 
provides global clients with services 
such as advanced connectivity, 
collaboration and managed services. 
Among our customer wins in 2016 
were contracts with Target, Oracle, 
AECOM, ICICI Bank, Nanyang 
Technological University and several 
U.S. federal government agencies.  

We’re changing not only what we 
deliver to customers, but also how 
we deliver it, as we transform our 
processes and customer interactions 
around a digital model.

The most obvious driver of the trend 
toward digital commerce is the 
millennial customer: the Snapchat 
generation that will account for 
60 percent of U.S. purchasing power 
by 2020. But digital disruption 

is widespread and crosses all 
demographics. Whether it’s ordering 
a ride from Uber, shoes from Zappos 
or groceries from Amazon, frictionless 
online commerce is rapidly becoming 
the norm in the digital economy. In 
2016 Verizon made a big shift toward 
this digital-first model by introducing 
a new My Verizon app that enables 
customers to purchase Verizon 
services and manage their relationship 
with us on their mobile device. After 
its first six months, the new app was 
already serving 14.5 million customers 
and accounting for 13.4 percent of 
our digital sales. We will continue to 
simplify our products and processes 
and improve all our touch points  
with customers so that we earn their 
loyalty every day. 

With so much of daily life and 
commerce dependent on our networks, 
we take our responsibility to deliver 
the promise of the digital world to 
customers very seriously. With every 
technological advance, the potential 
for creating value— for shareholders 
and for society— gets bigger and 
more exciting. At the same time, we 
have a responsibility for spreading 
the opportunities afforded by the 
digital world as widely as possible, 
which is why we’ve made access 
to technology and tech education 
a focus of the Verizon Foundation. 
Currently, careers in science, 
technology, engineering and math 
(STEM) are growing at twice the rate 
of other jobs, yet millions of these 

openings are going unfilled because 
there are too few qualified workers 
to fill the demand. In particular, 
children in underserved communities 
lack exposure to adult role models 
in STEM jobs and, as a result, are 
underrepresented in technical fields.  

We’re tackling this issue through 
an initiative called Verizon Innovative 
Learning (VIL) that provides free 
technology, access and immersive, 
hands-on learning to students and 
teachers, particularly in underserved 
communities. Through VIL, we host 
a nationwide contest that challenges 
students to use technology to 
solve real-world problems, provide 
free summer technology camps 
on university campuses, run free 
technology workshops at select 
Verizon Wireless stores and much 
more. We’ve also launched a 
campaign called #weneedmore 
to call attention to the millions of 
students in underserved communities 
who lack advanced technology in 
schools and exposure to careers 
in science and technology. Our 
goal is to get others involved in the 
mission to expose young people to 
the opportunities the digital world 
offers and give every student an equal 
chance at success. For more details, 
visit verizon.com/about/responsibility 
and www.weneedmore.com. 

6     |     www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

With every technological 
advance, the potential for 
creating value— for shareholders 
and for society— gets bigger and 
more exciting.

Building the growth platform

To drive future growth, we are 
developing the platforms, content 
and applications that will increase 
usage on our network and monetize 
our investment in world-class 
infrastructure. For several years we 
have been building our video assets 
with the goal of creating new ways 
to reach customers who access their 
video content primarily on mobile 
devices. According to a Cisco study,  
mobile video is growing at a compound 
annual rate of 62 percent and will 
account for 75 percent of the traffic 
on wireless networks by 2020.

The centerpiece of our strategy  
in the evolving media marketplace 
is AOL, which enjoyed sequential 
revenue growth throughout 2016. 
Average daily use of our mobile-
first content engine, go90, is up to 
30 minutes per viewer as we add 
more unique programming through 
partnerships with Awesomeness TV, 
Complex Media, professional sports 
leagues and other content providers. 
In 2016, we announced our intention 
to acquire Yahoo. Together, AOL and 
Yahoo will give us some 1.3 billion 
users, and provide us with added 
scale and content to make us a 
strong competitive force in digital 
advertising, which is projected to be  
a $90 billion global market by 2020. 

Addressing social challenges through “smart city” solutions 
At Verizon, we’ve been building and advancing digital infrastructure and solutions for decades. 
Building more connected communities for all is what we do best.

We also strengthened our position 
in the IoT marketplace, particularly 
in telematics, or connected 
transportation solutions. IoT is a 
fast-growing area for Verizon; in 
the fourth quarter, organic revenue 
growth from our IoT businesses 
was 21 percent year over year, with 
annualized revenues approaching 
$1 billion. In fact, with the acquisitions 
of Fleetmatics and Telogis in 2016, 
Verizon is now the #1 telematics 
company in the U.S., and we have 
the assets and expertise to address 
the global market for connected 
fleet services, expected to grow to 
$40 billion worldwide by 2020.  

More broadly, we’re building the 
platforms and products to seamlessly 
connect people and vehicles to  
the physical environment. Our 
consumer telematics product, hum, 
is gaining subscribers, and we will 
add to its capabilities this year. Our 
IoT platform, ThingSpace, supports 
more than 13,000 developers 
who are embedding mobility into 
a wide range of products and 
applications that will connect to 
our 4G LTE wireless network. We 
also acquired two companies in the 
nascent “smart cities” marketplace, 
giving us a robust suite of services 
to offer to municipalities, campuses 
and other communities to ease traffic 
congestion, make neighborhoods 
safer, manage energy use and 
engage citizens. These kinds of 
solutions will also leverage our One 
Fiber investment in Boston and 
eventually across the country. 

 www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport     |     7

Better matters

In a marketplace where some of our  
competitors ask customers to 
compromise on network quality,  
we at Verizon are united in our belief 
that “better matters” and confident  
of the unique role we play in delivering 
all the benefits of the digital world 
to our customers. In a year marked 
by many hurricanes, floods, fires and 
other natural disasters, our employees 
proved once again that the best 
network is made up not only of glass 
and cell towers, but also of the best 
people who go the extra mile for our 
customers.

I’m grateful to our leadership team for 
their dedication and to our Board of 
Directors for their strategic guidance. 
All of us feel privileged to lead this 
great company.

Over our history, we have used periods  
of change in technology and industry 
structure to grow our company 
and move the industry forward. We’re 
excited by that challenge in 2017 
and beyond. We look forward to 
developing our capabilities, building 
our resources, and making our 
networks stronger, faster and better 
so that we continue to be the premier 
company in delivering the promise 
of the digital age.

Lowell McAdam
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Verizon Communications Inc.

Serving the digital customer: Our go90 app 
As technology changes, so do the needs of our customers. Our investments and assets position us 
uniquely in the digital world and enable us to reach customers where they are.

The goal of our digital media, IoT and 
smart cities initiatives is to create new 
growth engines for Verizon by staying 
ahead of the trends in a transforming 
marketplace. Our focus now is to 
integrate these businesses, gain 
scale and build the global franchises 
that will contribute meaningfully to 
Verizon’s growth. 

Focusing on the fundamentals

Achieving growth in a challenging 
environment remains our top priority. 
Total operating revenues for the year 
were nearly $126 billion. Adjusting 
for revenues attributable to AOL and 
divested wireline properties, total 
operating revenues (non-GAAP) were 
down 2.4 percent for the year on a 
comparable basis despite a solid 
operating performance. Adjusted 
earnings per share (non-GAAP) were 
$3.87, down 3 percent year over 
year. In wireless, revenues declined 
by 2.7 percent year over year, as 
we continued the transition to a 
new pricing model and dealt with 

the effects of a fluid competitive 
environment. Total wireline revenues 
decreased by 2.3 percent for the year, 
but Fios revenue growth was strong, 
at 4.6 percent year over year.

Throughout this rapidly changing 
business environment, our commitment 
to financial discipline is unwavering. 
Total return to shareholders in 2016 
was 20.7 percent, which includes our 
10th consecutive dividend increase. 
Our cash flows funded $17.1 billion 
of capital investment to maintain our 
network advantage and build new 
businesses, and our strong balance 
sheet gives us the financial flexibility 
to grow the business. In 2016, we 
improved our strategic position by 
divesting three telephone properties, 
continued to drive process efficiencies 
and negotiated new labor contracts 
that will yield $500 million in cash 
savings as well as other benefits 
over the life of the contracts. We 
also negotiated the sale of our data 
center assets, a transaction expected 
to close in second-quarter 2017.

Total return to shareholders in 2016 
was 20.7%, which includes our 10th 
consecutive dividend increase.  

8     |     www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

Selected Financial Data

Results of Operations

Operating revenues

Operating income

Net income attributable to Verizon

Per common share —  basic

Per common share —  diluted

Cash dividends declared per common share

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Financial Position

Total assets

Debt maturing within one year

Long-term debt

Employee benefit obligations

Noncontrolling interests

Equity attributable to Verizon

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

  $  125,980

  $  131,620

  $  127,079

  $  120,550

  $  115,846

  27,059

  13,127

  33,060

  17,879

3.22

3.21

2.285

481

4.38

4.37

2.230

496

  19,599

9,625

2.42

2.42

2.160

2,331

  31,968

  11,497

4.01

4.00

2.090

  12,050

  13,160

875

.31

.31

2.030

9,682

  $  244,180

  $  244,175

  $  232,109

  $  273,184

  $  222,720

2,645

  105,433

  26,166

1,508

6,489

  103,240

  29,957

1,414

2,735

  110,029

  33,280

1,378

  22,524

  16,428

  12,298

3,933

  89,188

  27,682

  56,580

  38,836

4,369

  47,428

  34,346

  52,376

  33,157

•  Significant events affecting our historical earnings trends in 2014 through 2016 are described in “Other Items” in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and 

Results of Operations” section.

•  2013 data includes severance, pension and benefit charges, gain on spectrum license transactions and wireless transaction costs. 2012 data includes severance, pension and benefit 

charges, early debt redemption costs and litigation settlement charges.

Stock Performance Graph
Comparison of Five-Year Total Return Among Verizon, S&P 500 Telecommunications Services Index and S&P 500 Stock Index

s
r
a

l
l

o
D

$200

$180

$160

$140

$120

$100

$80

$60

Verizon

S&P 500 Telecom Services

S&P 500

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Data Points in Dollars

Verizon

S&P 500 Telecom Services

S&P 500

2011

100.0

100.0

100.0

2012

113.2

118.3

116.0

2013

134.0

131.7

153.5

2014

133.3

135.6

174.5

2015

137.9

140.1

176.9

2016

166.5

173.0

198.0

At December 31, 

The graph compares the cumulative total returns of Verizon, the S&P 500 Telecommunications Services Index, and the S&P 500 Stock Index over a five-year period. It assumes $100 was 
invested on December 31, 2011 with dividends being reinvested.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview
Verizon Communications Inc. (Verizon, or the Company) is a holding 
company that, acting through its subsidiaries, is one of the world’s 
leading providers of communications, information and entertainment 
products and services to consumers, businesses and governmental 
agencies. With a presence around the world, we offer voice, data and 
video services and solutions on our wireless and wireline networks 
that are designed to meet customers’ demand for mobility, reliable 
network connectivity, security and control. We have two reportable 
segments, Wireless and Wireline. Our wireless business, operating 
as Verizon Wireless, provides voice and data services and equipment 
sales across the United States (U.S.) using one of the most extensive 
and reliable wireless networks. Our wireline business provides 
consumer, business and government customers with communications 
products and enhanced services, including broadband data and 
video, corporate networking solutions, data center and cloud services, 
security and managed network services and local and long distance 
voice services, and also owns and operates one of the most expansive 
end-to-end Global Internet Protocol (IP) networks. We have a highly 
skilled, diverse and dedicated workforce of approximately 160,900 
employees as of December 31, 2016.

To compete effectively in today’s dynamic marketplace, we are focused 
on transforming around the capabilities of our high- performing networks 
with a goal of future growth based on delivering what customers want 
and need in the new digital world. Our three tier strategy is to lead at 
the network connectivity level in the markets we serve, develop new 
business models through global platforms in video and the Internet of 
Things (IoT) and create certain opportunities in applications and content 
for incremental monetization. Our strategy requires significant capital 
investments primarily to acquire wireless spectrum, put the spectrum 
into service, provide additional capacity for growth in our networks, 
invest in the fiber-optic network that supports our businesses, maintain 
our networks and develop and maintain significant advanced informa-
tion technology systems and data system capabilities. We believe that 
steady and consistent investments in our networks and platforms will 
drive innovative products and services and fuel our growth. In addition, 
protecting the privacy of our customers’ information and the security 
of our systems and networks will continue to be a priority at Verizon. 
Our network leadership will continue to be the hallmark of our brand, 
and provide the fundamental strength at the connectivity, platform and 
solutions layers upon which we build our competitive advantage.

Strategic Transactions

Digital Media and Interactive Entertainment
We have been investing in technology that taps into the market shift 
to digital content and advertising. During 2015, we entered into an 
Agreement and Plan of Merger (the Merger Agreement) with AOL 
Inc. (AOL) pursuant to which we completed a tender offer to acquire 
all of the outstanding shares of common stock of AOL at a price of 
$50.00 per share, net to the seller in cash, without interest and less 
any applicable withholding taxes. The aggregate cash consideration 
paid by Verizon at the closing of these transactions was approximately 
$3.8 billion. AOL is a leader in the digital content and advertising 
platform space. AOL’s business model aligns with this approach, and 
we believe that its combination of owned and operated content prop-
erties plus a digital advertising platform enhances our ability to further 
develop future revenue streams.

On July 23, 2016, Verizon entered into a stock purchase agreement 
(the Purchase Agreement) with Yahoo! Inc. (Yahoo). Pursuant to the 
Purchase Agreement, upon the terms and subject to the conditions 
thereof, we agreed to acquire the stock of one or more subsidiaries 
of Yahoo holding all of Yahoo's operating business, for approximately 
$4.83 billion in cash, subject to certain adjustments (the Transaction). 
On February 20, 2017, Verizon and Yahoo entered into an amendment 
to the Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Transaction 
purchase price will be reduced by $350 million to approximately 
$4.48 billion in cash, subject to certain adjustments. Subject to certain 
exceptions, the parties also agreed that certain user security and data 
breaches incurred by Yahoo (and the losses arising therefrom) will 
be disregarded (1) for purposes of specified conditions to Verizon’s 
obligations to close the Transaction and (2) in determining whether a 
“Business Material Adverse Effect” under the Purchase Agreement 
has occurred.

Concurrently with the amendment of the Purchase Agreement, Yahoo 
and Yahoo Holdings, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Yahoo that 
Verizon has agreed to purchase pursuant to the Transaction, also 
entered into an amendment to a related reorganization agreement, 
pursuant to which Yahoo (which has announced that it intends to 
change its name to Altaba Inc. following the closing of the Transaction) 
will retain 50% of certain post-closing liabilities arising out of govern-
mental or third party investigations, litigations or other claims related to 
certain user security and data breaches incurred by Yahoo. In accor-
dance with the original Transaction agreements, Yahoo will continue 
to retain 100% of any liabilities arising out of any shareholder lawsuits 
(including derivative claims) and investigations and actions by the 
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). 

The Transaction remains subject to customary closing conditions, 
including the approval of Yahoo's stockholders, and is expected to 
close in the second quarter of 2017.

We believe that our acquisition of Yahoo's operating business will help 
us become a scaled distributor in mobile media. Yahoo's operations 
are expected to provide us with a valuable portfolio of online content, 
mobile applications and viewers. Additionally, our acquisition of 
Yahoo's operating business is expected to expand our analytics and 
ad tech capabilities which we expect will enhance both our compet-
itive position in the mobile media marketplace and value proposition 
to advertisers (see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for 
additional details).

IoT and Telematics
We are also building our growth capabilities in the emerging IoT market 
by developing business models to monetize usage on our network at 
the connectivity and platform layers. On July 30, 2016, we entered into 
a definitive agreement to acquire Fleetmatics Group PLC (Fleetmatics), 
a leading global provider of fleet and mobile workforce management 
solutions. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, we acquired 
Fleetmatics for $60.00 per ordinary share in cash. The aggregate 
merger consideration was approximately $2.5 billion, including cash 
acquired of $0.1 billion. We completed the acquisition on November 7, 
2016. In July 2016, we also closed on the acquisition of Telogis, Inc. 
(Telogis), a global cloud-based mobile enterprise management 
software business, for $0.9 billion of cash consideration. For the year 
ended December 31, 2016, we recognized IoT revenues, including 
revenues from businesses acquired during 2016, of approximately 
$1.0 billion, a 39% increase compared to the prior year period.

10 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Network Evolution
We are reinventing our network architecture around a common fiber 
platform that will support both our wireless and wireline technologies. 
We expect that this new “One Fiber” architecture will improve our 4G 
LTE coverage, speed the deployment of fifth-generation (5G) tech-
nology, deliver high-speed Fios broadband to homes and businesses 
and create new opportunities in the small and medium business 
market. In April 2016, we announced our One Fiber strategy for the 
city of Boston. We launched One Fiber for consumer and business 
services to customers in Boston late in 2016. We expect to have 
further opportunities for expansion with our acquisition of XO Holdings’ 
wireline business, which owns and operates one of the largest fiber-
based IP and Ethernet networks, for approximately $1.8 billion, subject 
to adjustment. We completed this acquisition on February 1, 2017.

Data Center Sale
On December 6, 2016, we entered into a definitive agreement 
with Equinix, Inc. (Equinix) pursuant to which Verizon will sell 24 
 customer- facing data center sites in the United States and Latin 
America, for approximately $3.6 billion, subject to certain adjustments. 
The sale does not affect Verizon’s data center services delivered from 
27 sites in Europe, Asia- Pacific and Canada, or its managed hosting 
and cloud offerings. The transaction is subject to customary regulatory 
approvals and closing conditions, and is expected to close during the 
first half of 2017.

Access Line Sale
On February 5, 2015, we entered into a definitive agreement with 
Frontier Communications Corporation (Frontier) pursuant to which 
Verizon agreed to sell its local exchange business and related landline 
activities in California, Florida and Texas, including Fios Internet and 
video customers, switched and special access lines and high-speed 
Internet service and long distance voice accounts in these three states, 
for approximately $10.5 billion (approximately $7.3 billion net of income 
taxes), subject to certain adjustments and including the assumption 
of $0.6 billion of indebtedness from Verizon by Frontier (Access Line 
Sale). The transaction, which included the acquisition by Frontier of the 
equity interests of Verizon’s incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs) 
in California, Florida and Texas, did not involve any assets or liabilities 
of Verizon Wireless. The transaction closed on April 1, 2016.

The transaction resulted in Frontier acquiring approximately 3.3 million 
voice connections, 1.6 million Fios Internet subscribers, 1.2 million 
Fios video subscribers and the related ILEC businesses from Verizon. 
Approximately 9,300 Verizon employees who served customers in 
California, Florida and Texas continued employment with Frontier. The 
operating results of these businesses, collectively, are excluded from 
our Wireline segment for all periods presented to reflect comparable 
segment operating results consistent with the information regularly 
reviewed by our chief operating decision maker.

Business Overview
In the sections that follow, we provide information about the important 
aspects of our operations and investments, both at the consolidated 
and segment levels, and discuss our results of operations, financial 
position and sources and uses of cash. We have two reportable 
segments, Wireless and Wireline, which we operate and manage as 
strategic business units and organize by products and services.

Wireless
Our Wireless segment, doing business as Verizon Wireless, provides 
wireless communications services and products across one of the most 
extensive wireless networks in the United States. We provide these 
services and equipment sales to consumer, business and government 
customers in the United States on a postpaid and prepaid basis. Postpaid 
connections represent individual lines of service for which a customer is 
billed in advance a monthly access charge in return for a monthly network 
service allowance, and usage beyond the allowance is billed monthly 
in arrears. Our prepaid service enables individuals to obtain wireless 
services without credit verification by paying for all services in advance.

We offer various postpaid account service plans, including shared data 
plans, single connection plans and other plans tailored to the needs 
of our customers. Our shared data plans typically feature domestic 
unlimited voice minutes, unlimited domestic and international text, 
video and picture messaging, and a single data allowance that can 
be shared among the wireless devices on a customer’s account. 
These allowances will vary from time to time as part of promotional 
offers or in response to market circumstances. On February 12, 2017, 
we announced an introductory plan, our new Verizon Unlimited plan, 
available to our consumer and small business customers, which offers 
among other things, unlimited domestic voice, data and texting. Both 
our shared data plans and the Verizon Unlimited plan include our HD 
(High Definition) Voice, Video Calling and Mobile Hotspot services on 
compatible devices.

Under the Verizon device payment program, our eligible wireless 
customers purchase wireless devices under a device payment plan 
agreement. Customers that activate service on devices purchased 
under the device payment program, or on a compatible device that 
they already own, pay lower service fees (unsubsidized service pricing) 
as compared to those under fixed-term service plans.

We are focusing our wireless capital spending on adding capacity 
and density to our  fourth- generation (4G) Long-Term Evolution (LTE) 
network, which is available to over 98% of the U.S. population in 
more than 500 markets covering approximately 314 million people, 
including those in areas served by our LTE in Rural America partners. 
Approximately 96% of our total data traffic in December 2016 was 
carried on our 4G LTE network. We are investing in the densification 
of our network by utilizing small cell technology, in- building solutions 
and distributed antenna systems. Densification enables us to add 
capacity to manage mobile video consumption and demand for IoT, 
as well as position us for future 5G technology. We are committed to 
developing and deploying 5G wireless technology. We are working with 
key partners to ensure the aggressive pace of innovation, standards 
development and appropriate requirements for this next generation 
of wireless technology. Based on the outcome of our ongoing pre- 
commercial trials, we intend to be the first company to deploy a 5G fixed 
wireless broadband network in the United States. We expect to launch a 
fixed commercial wireless service supported by this network in 2018.

Wireline
Our Wireline segment provides voice, data and video communications 
products and enhanced services, including broadband video and 
data, corporate networking solutions, data center and cloud services, 
security and managed network services and local and long distance 
voice services. We provide these products and services to consumers 
in the United States, as well as to carriers, businesses and government 
customers both in the United States and around the world.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   11

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

In our Wireline business, to compensate for the shrinking market for tra-
ditional voice service, we continue to build our Wireline segment around 
data, video and advanced business services —  areas where demand for 
reliable high-speed connections is growing. We expect our One Fiber 
initiative in Wireline will allow us to densify our 4G LTE wireless network 
as well as position us for future 5G technology. We also continue to 
seek ways to increase revenue and further realize operating and capital 
efficiencies as well as maximize profitability for our Fios services.

Corporate and Other
Corporate and other includes the results of our digital media, including 
AOL, telematics and other businesses, investments in unconsolidated 
businesses, unallocated corporate expenses, pension and other 
employee benefit related costs and lease financing. Corporate and 
other also includes the historical results of divested operations and 
other adjustments and gains and losses that are not allocated in 
assessing segment performance due to their non- operational nature. 
Although such transactions are excluded from the business segment 
results, they are included in reported consolidated earnings. Gains and 
losses that are not individually significant are included in all segment 
results as these items are included in the chief operating decision 
maker’s assessment of segment performance.

On April 1, 2016, we completed the Access Line Sale. On July 1, 2014, 
our Wireline segment sold a non- strategic business. See “Acquisitions 
and Divestitures”. The results of operations for these divestitures are 
included within Corporate and other for all periods presented to reflect 
comparable segment operating results consistent with the information 
regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision maker (See “Impact 
of Divested Operations”).

In addition, Corporate and other includes the results of our telematics 
businesses for all periods presented, which were reclassified from our 
Wireline segment effective April 1, 2016. The impact of this reclassifi-
cation was not material to our consolidated financial statements or our 
segment results of operations.

Capital Expenditures and Investments
We continue to invest in our wireless network, high-speed fiber and 
other advanced technologies to position ourselves at the center of 
growth trends for the future. During 2016, these investments included 
$17.1 billion for capital expenditures. See “Cash Flows Used in Investing 
Activities” and “Operating Environment and Trends” for additional informa-
tion. We believe that our investments aimed at expanding our portfolio 
of products and services will provide our customers with an efficient, 
reliable infrastructure for competing in the information economy.

Consolidated Results of Operations
In this section, we discuss our overall results of operations and highlight items of a non- operational nature that are not included in our segment 
results. In “Segment Results of Operations,” we review the performance of our two reportable segments in more detail.

Consolidated Revenues

Years Ended December 31,
Wireless
Wireline
Corporate and other
Eliminations
Consolidated Revenues

2016
  $  89,186
  31,345
6,943
(1,494)
  $  125,980

2015
 $  91,680
    32,094
9,018
(1,172)
 $  131,620

2014
 $  87,646
    32,793
7,731
(1,091)
 $  127,079

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

  $  (2,494)
(749)
  (2,075)
(322)
  $  (5,640)

(2.7)%   $  4,034
(699)
(2.3)
  1,287
(23.0)
(81)
27.5
  $  4,541
(4.3)

4.6%
(2.1)
16.6
7.4
3.6

Corporate and other revenues decreased $2.1 billion, or 23.0%, 
during 2016 as a result of the Access Line Sale that was completed 
on April 1, 2016. The results of operations related to these divestitures 
included within Corporate and other are discussed separately below 
under the heading “Impact of Divested Operations”. During 2016, our 
digital media business represented approximately 46% of revenues 
in Corporate and other, comprised primarily of revenues from AOL, 
which we aquired on June 23, 2015. Corporate and other also includes 
revenues from new businesses acquired during 2016 of approximately 
$0.1 billion.

2016 Compared to 2015
The decrease in consolidated revenues during 2016 was primarily due 
to a decline in revenues at our segments, Wireless and Wireline, as well 
as a decline in revenues within Corporate and other.

Wireless’ revenues decreased $2.5 billion, or 2.7%, during 2016 
primarily as a result of a decline in service revenue driven by customer 
migration to plans with unsubsidized service pricing, including our new 
price plans launched during 2016. This decline was partially offset by 
an increase in other revenue, primarily due to financing revenues from 
the Verizon device payment program, and an increase in equipment 
revenue due to an increase in device sales, primarily smartphones, 
under the Verizon device payment program.

Wireline’s revenues decreased $0.7 billion, or 2.3%, during 2016 
primarily as a result of declines in Global Enterprise and Global 
Wholesale. Wireline’s revenues were also partially impacted by a 
reduction in Fios marketing activities during the union work stoppage 
that commenced on April 13, 2016 and ended on June 1, 2016.

Revenues for our segments are discussed separately below under the 
heading “Segment Results of Operations”.

12 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

2015 Compared to 2014
The increase in consolidated revenues during 2015 was primarily due to 
higher equipment revenues in our Wireless segment, higher revenues 
as a result of the acquisition of AOL and higher Mass Markets revenues 
driven by Fios services at our Wireline segment. Partially offsetting 
these increases were lower service revenues at our Wireless segment 
and lower Global Enterprise revenues at our Wireline segment.

Wireless’ revenues increased $4.0 billion, or 4.6%, during 2015 
primarily as a result of growth in equipment revenue. Equipment 
revenue increased as a result of an increase in device sales, primarily 
smartphones, under the Verizon device payment program, partially 
offset by a decline in device sales under traditional fixed-term service 
plans. Service revenue decreased during 2015 primarily driven by 
an increase in the activation of devices purchased under the Verizon 
device payment program on plans with unsubsidized service pricing.

Wireline’s revenues decreased $0.7 billion, or 2.1%, during 2015 
primarily as a result of declines in Global Enterprise, partially offset by 
higher Mass Markets revenues driven by Fios services.

Revenues for our segments are discussed separately below under the 
heading “Segment Results of Operations”.

Corporate and other revenues increased $1.3 billion, or 16.6%, 
during 2015 primarily as a result of the acquisition of AOL, which was 
completed on June 23, 2015. Corporate and other revenues include 
the results of our local exchange business and related landline 
activities in California, Florida and Texas that was sold on April 1, 
2016. The results of operations related to these divestitures included 
within Corporate and other are discussed separately below under the 
heading “Impact of Divested Operations”.

Consolidated Operating Expenses

Years Ended December 31,
Cost of services
Wireless cost of equipment
Selling, general and administrative expense
Depreciation and amortization expense
Consolidated Operating Expenses

2016
  $  29,186
  22,238
  31,569
  15,928
  $  98,921

2015
 $  29,438
    23,119
    29,986
    16,017
 $  98,560

2014
 $  28,306
    21,625
    41,016
    16,533
 $  107,480

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

  $ 

(252)
(881)
  1,583
(89)
361

  $ 

(0.9)%   $  1,132
  1,494
(3.8)
 (11,030)
5.3
(516)
(0.6)
  $  (8,920)
0.4

4.0%
6.9
(26.9)
(3.1)
(8.3)

Consolidated operating expenses increased during 2016 primarily due to non- operational charges recorded in 2016 as compared to the 
non- operational credits recorded in 2015 (see “Other Items”). Consolidated operating expenses decreased during 2015 primarily due to non- 
operational credits recorded in 2015 as compared to non- operational charges recorded in 2014 (see “Other Items”).

Operating expenses for our segments are discussed separately below under the heading “Segment Results of Operations”.

2016 Compared to 2015
Cost of Services
Cost of services includes the following costs directly attributable to a 
service: salaries and wages, benefits, materials and supplies, content 
costs, contracted services, network access and transport costs, 
customer provisioning costs, computer systems support, and costs to 
support our outsourcing contracts and technical facilities. Aggregate 
customer care costs, which include billing and service provisioning, are 
allocated between Cost of services and Selling, general and adminis-
trative expense.

Cost of services decreased during 2016 primarily due to the comple-
tion of the Access Line Sale on April 1, 2016 (see “Impact of Divested 
Operations”), as well as a decline in net pension and postretirement 
benefit cost in our Wireline segment. Partially offsetting this decrease 
is an increase in costs as a result of the acquisition of AOL on June 23, 
2015, the launch of go90 in the third quarter of 2015, and $0.4 billion of 
incremental costs incurred as a result of the union work stoppage that 
commenced on April 13, 2016, and ended on June 1, 2016.

Wireless Cost of Equipment
Wireless cost of equipment decreased during 2016 primarily as a result 
of a 4.6% decline in the number of smartphone units sold, partially 
offset by an increase in the average cost per unit for smartphones.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Selling, general and administrative expense includes: salaries and wages 
and benefits not directly attributable to a service or product, bad debt 
charges, taxes other than income taxes, advertising and sales com-
mission costs, customer billing, call center and information technology 
costs, regulatory fees, professional service fees, and rent and utilities 
for administrative space. Also included is a portion of the aggregate 
customer care costs as discussed in “Cost of Services” above.

Selling, general and administrative expense increased during 2016 
primarily due to severance, pension and benefit charges recorded in 
2016 as compared to severance, pension and benefit credits recorded 
in 2015 (see “Other Items”), an increase in costs as a result of the 
acquisition of AOL on June 23, 2015, and the launch of go90 in the 
third quarter of 2015. These increases were partially offset by a gain on 
the Access Line Sale (see “Other Items”), a decline in costs as a result 
of the completion of the Access Line Sale on April 1, 2016 (see “Impact 
of Divested Operations”) as well as declines in sales commission 
expense at our Wireless segment and declines in employee costs at 
our Wireline segment.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased during 2016 
primarily due to a decrease in net depreciable assets at our Wireline 
segment, partially offset by an increase in depreciable assets at our 
Wireless segment.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

2015 Compared to 2014
Cost of Services
Cost of services increased during 2015 primarily due to an increase 
in costs as a result of the acquisition of AOL, higher rent expense 
as a result of an increase in wireless macro and small cell sites, 
higher wireless network costs from an increase in fiber facilities 
supporting network capacity expansion and densification, including 
the deployment of small cell technology, a  volume- driven increase 
in costs related to the wireless device protection package offered 
to our customers as well as a $0.4 billion increase in content costs 
at our Wireline segment. Partially offsetting these increases were a 
$0.4 billion decline in employee costs and a $0.3 billion decline in 
access costs at our Wireline segment. Also offsetting the increase was 
a decrease in Cost of services reflected in the results of operations 
related to a non- strategic Wireline business that was divested on 
July 1, 2014.

Wireless Cost of Equipment
Wireless cost of equipment increased during 2015 primarily as a result 
of an increase in the average cost per unit, driven by a shift to higher 
priced units in the mix of devices sold, partially offset by a decline in 
the number of units sold.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Selling, general and administrative expense decreased during 2015 
primarily due to non- operational credits, primarily severance, pension 
and benefit credits, recorded in 2015 as compared to non- operational 
charges, primarily severance, pension and benefit charges, recorded 
in 2014 (see “Other Items”). Also contributing to this decrease was a 
decline in sales commission expense at our Wireless segment, which 
was driven by an increase in activations under the Verizon device 
payment program. The decrease is partially offset by an increase in 
bad debt expense at our Wireless segment. The increase in bad debt 
expense was primarily driven by a volume increase in our installment 
receivables, as the credit quality of our customers remained consistent 
throughout the periods presented.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased during 2015 
primarily due to $0.9 billion of depreciation and amortization expense 
not being recorded on our depreciable Wireline assets in California, 
Florida and Texas which were classified as held for sale as of 
February 5, 2015, partially offset by an increase in depreciable assets 
at our Wireless segment.

We did not record depreciation and amortization expense on our 
depreciable Wireline assets in California, Florida and Texas through 
the closing of the Access Line Sale, which closed on April 1, 2016.

Non- operational Charges (Credits)
Non- operational charges (credits) included in operating expenses (see 
“Other Items”) were as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Severance, Pension and Benefit 

Charges (Credits)

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

2014

Selling, general and administrative expense  $  2,923
Gain on Access Line Sale
Selling, general and administrative expense  
Gain on Spectrum License Transactions
Selling, general and administrative expense  
Other Costs
Cost of services and sales
Selling, general and administrative expense  

 (1,007)

(142)

–
–
–

 $ (2,256)

 $  7,507

–

–

(254)

(707)

–
–
–

27
307
334

Total non- operating charges (credits) 
included in operating expenses

 $  1,774

 $ (2,510)

 $  7,134

See “Other Items” for a description of these and other non- 
operational items.

Impact of Divested Operations
On April 1, 2016, we completed the Access Line Sale. On July 1, 2014, 
our Wireline segment sold a non- strategic business. See “Acquisitions 
and Divestitures”. The results of operations related to these divestitures 
are included within Corporate and other for all periods presented to 
reflect comparable segment operating results consistent with the 
information regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision maker. 
The results of operations related to these divestitures included within 
Corporate and other are as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Impact of Divested Operations

Operating revenues
Cost of services
Selling, general and administrative 

expense

Depreciation and amortization 

expense

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

2014

 $  1,280
482

 $  5,280
  1,852

 $  5,625
  2,004

137

522

574

–

88

  1,026

14 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Other Consolidated Results

Equity in (Losses) Earnings of Unconsolidated Businesses
Equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated businesses changed unfavorably by $1.9 billion during 2015 primarily due to the gain of $1.9 billion 
recorded on the sale of our interest in Vodafone Omnitel N.V. (the Omnitel Transaction, and such interest, the Omnitel Interest) during the first 
quarter of 2014, which was part of the consideration for the acquisition of Vodafone Group Plc’s (Vodafone) indirect 45% interest in Cellco 
Partnership d/b/a Verizon Wireless (the Wireless Transaction) completed on February 21, 2014.

Other Income and (Expense), Net
Additional information relating to Other income and (expense), net is as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Interest income
Other, net
Total

nm —  not meaningful

2016
59
(1,658)
(1,599)

  $ 

  $ 

 $ 

 $ 

2015
115
71
186

2014
108
(1,302)
(1,194)

 $ 

 $ 

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

(48.7)%   $ 

  $ 

(56)
  (1,729)
  $  (1,785)

nm
nm

7
  1,373
  $  1,380

6.5%
nm
nm

The change in Other income and (expense), net during the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to the similar period in 2015 was primarily 
driven by net early debt redemption costs of $1.8 billion recorded during the second quarter of 2016. Other income and (expense), net changed 
favorably during 2015 primarily driven by net early debt redemption costs of $1.4 billion incurred in 2014 (see “Other Items”).

Interest Expense

Years Ended December 31,
Total interest costs on debt balances
Less capitalized interest costs
Total

2016
5,080
704
4,376

  $ 

  $ 

2015
5,504
584
4,920

 $ 

 $ 

2014
5,291
376
4,915

 $ 

 $ 

Average debt outstanding
Effective interest rate

  $  106,113

 $  112,838

 $  107,978

4.8%

4.9%

4.9%

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

  $ 

  $ 

(424)
120
(544)

(7.7)%   $ 
20.5
(11.1)

  $ 

213
208
5

4.0%

55.3
0.1

Total interest costs on debt balances decreased during 2016 primarily due to lower average debt balances and a lower effective interest rate. Total 
interest costs on debt balances increased during 2015 primarily due to a $4.9 billion increase in average debt (see “Consolidated Financial Condition”).

Capitalized interest costs were higher in 2016 and 2015 primarily due to an increase in wireless licenses that are currently under development, 
which was a result of our winning bid in the FCC spectrum license auction during 2015. The FCC granted us those wireless licenses on April 8, 
2015 (see Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for additional details).

Provision for Income Taxes

Years Ended December 31,
Provision for income taxes
Effective income tax rate

nm —  not meaningful

  $ 

2016
7,378

35.2%

 $ 

2015
9,865

34.9%

 $ 

2014
3,314

21.7%

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

  $  (2,487)

(25.2)%   $  6,551

nm

The effective income tax rate is calculated by dividing the provision for income taxes by income before the provision for income taxes. The 
effective income tax rate for 2016 was 35.2% compared to 34.9% for 2015. The increase in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to the 
impact of $527 million included in the provision for income taxes from goodwill not deductible for tax purposes in connection with the Access 
Line Sale on April 1, 2016. This increase was partially offset by the impact that lower income before income taxes in the current period has on 
each of the reconciling items specified in the table included in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements. The decrease in the provision for 
income taxes was primarily due to lower income before income taxes due to severance, pension and benefit charges recorded in 2016 compared 
to severance, pension and benefit credits recorded in 2015.

The effective income tax rate for 2015 was 34.9% compared to 21.7% for 2014. The increase in the effective income tax rate and provision for income 
taxes was primarily due to the impact of higher income before income taxes due to severance, pension and benefit credits recorded in 2015 
compared to severance, pension and benefit charges recorded in 2014, as well as tax benefits associated with the utilization of certain tax credits 
in 2014 in connection with the Omnitel Transaction. The 2014 effective income tax rate also included a benefit from the inclusion of income attrib-
utable to Vodafone’s noncontrolling interest in the Verizon Wireless partnership prior to the Wireless Transaction completed on February 21, 2014.

A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the effective income tax rate for each period is included in Note 11 to the consolidated 
financial statements.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests

Years Ended December 31,
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

2016
$  481

2015
$  496

2014
  $  2,331

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

2016 vs. 2015
$  (15)

(3.0)%   $  (1,835)

(78.7)%

The decrease in Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests during 2015 was primarily due to the completion of the Wireless Transaction 
on February 21, 2014. As a result, our results reflect our 55% ownership interest of Verizon Wireless through the closing of the Wireless 
Transaction and reflect our full ownership of Verizon Wireless thereafter. The noncontrolling interests that remained after the completion of the 
Wireless Transaction primarily relate to wireless partnership entities.

Consolidated Net Income, Operating Income 
and EBITDA
Consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amor-
tization expenses (Consolidated EBITDA) and Consolidated Adjusted 
EBITDA, which are presented below, are non-GAAP measures that 
we believe are useful to management, investors and other users of 
our financial information in evaluating operating profitability on a more 
variable cost basis as they exclude the depreciation and amortization 
expense related primarily to capital expenditures and acquisitions that 
occurred in prior years, as well as in evaluating operating performance 
in relation to Verizon’s competitors. Consolidated EBITDA is calculated 
by adding back interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, 
equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated businesses and other 
income and (expense), net to net income.

Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is calculated by excluding the effect 
of non- operational items and the impact of divested operations from 
the calculation of Consolidated EBITDA. We believe this measure is 
useful to management, investors and other users of our financial infor-
mation in evaluating the effectiveness of our operations and underlying 
business trends in a manner that is consistent with management’s 
evaluation of business performance. We believe Consolidated Adjusted 
EBITDA is widely used by investors to compare a company’s operating 
performance to its competitors by minimizing impacts caused by dif-
ferences in capital structure, taxes and depreciation policies. Further, 
the exclusion of non- operational items and the impact of divested 
operations enables comparability to prior period performance and trend 
analysis. Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is also used by rating agencies, 
lenders and other parties to evaluate our creditworthiness. See “Other 
Items” for additional details regarding these non- operational items.

Operating expenses include pension and other postretirement benefit 
related credits and/or charges based on actuarial assumptions, 
including projected discount rates and an estimated return on plan 
assets. Such estimates are updated at least annually at the end of the 
fiscal year to reflect actual return on plan assets and updated actuarial 
assumptions or more frequently if significant events arise which require 
an interim remeasurement. The adjustment has been recognized in the 
income statement during the fourth quarter or upon a remeasurement 
event pursuant to our accounting policy for the recognition of actuarial 

gains/losses. We believe the exclusion of these actuarial gains or 
losses enables management, investors and other users of our financial 
information to assess our performance on a more comparable basis 
and is consistent with management’s own evaluation of performance.

It is management’s intent to provide non-GAAP financial information 
to enhance the understanding of Verizon’s GAAP financial informa-
tion, and it should be considered by the reader in addition to, but not 
instead of, the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. 
Each non-GAAP financial measure is presented along with the corre-
sponding GAAP measure so as not to imply that more emphasis should 
be placed on the non-GAAP measure. We believe that non-GAAP 
measures provide relevant and useful information, which is used by 
management, investors and other users of our financial information 
as well as by our management in assessing both consolidated and 
segment performance. The non-GAAP financial information presented 
may be determined or calculated differently by other companies.

(dollars in millions)

Years Ended December 31,
Consolidated Net Income
Add (Less):

Provision for income taxes
Interest expense
Other (income) and expense, net
Equity in losses (earnings) of 
unconsolidated businesses

2016

2014
 $ 13,608  $ 18,375  $ 11,956

2015

    7,378     9,865     3,314
    4,376     4,920     4,915
    1,194
    1,599    

(186)

86     (1,780)
   27,059    33,060    19,599
Consolidated Operating Income
Add Depreciation and amortization expense    15,928    16,017    16,533
   42,987    49,077    36,132
Consolidated EBITDA
Add (Less) Non- operating charges (credits) 

98    

included in operating expenses
Less Impact of divested operations
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA

    1,774     (2,510)
(661)     (2,906)

    7,134
    (3,047)
 $ 44,100  $ 43,661  $ 40,219

The changes in Consolidated Net Income, Consolidated Operating 
Income, Consolidated EBITDA and Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA in 
the table above were primarily a result of the factors described in con-
nection with operating revenues and operating expenses.

16 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
   
   
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Segment Results of Operations
We have two reportable segments, Wireless and Wireline, which we operate and manage as strategic business units and organize by products 
and services. We measure and evaluate our reportable segments based on segment operating income. The use of segment operating income is 
consistent with the chief operating decision maker’s assessment of segment performance.

Segment earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Segment EBITDA), which is presented below, is a non-GAAP measure 
and does not purport to be an alternative to operating income as a measure of operating performance. We believe this measure is useful to man-
agement, investors and other users of our financial information in evaluating operating profitability on a more variable cost basis as it excludes the 
depreciation and amortization expenses related primarily to capital expenditures and acquisitions that occurred in prior years, as well as in evalu-
ating operating performance in relation to our competitors. Segment EBITDA is calculated by adding back depreciation and amortization expense 
to segment operating income. Segment EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing Segment EBITDA by total segment operating revenues.

You can find additional information about our segments in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements.

Wireless
On February 21, 2014, we completed the acquisition of Vodafone’s indirect 45% interest in Cellco Partnership d/b/a Verizon Wireless. Prior to the 
completion of the Wireless Transaction, Verizon owned a controlling 55% interest in Verizon Wireless and Vodafone owned the remaining 45%. 
As a result of the completion of the Wireless Transaction, Verizon acquired 100% ownership of Verizon Wireless. All financial results included in 
the tables below reflect the consolidated results of Verizon Wireless.

Operating Revenues and Selected Operating Statistics

(dollars in millions, except ARPA and I-ARPA)

Years Ended December 31,
Service
Equipment
Other
Total Operating Revenues

Connections (’000):(1)
Retail connections
Retail postpaid connections

Net additions in period (’000):(2)
Retail connections
Retail postpaid connections

Churn Rate:
Retail connections
Retail postpaid connections

Account Statistics:
Retail postpaid ARPA
Retail postpaid I-ARPA
Retail postpaid accounts (’000)(1)
Retail postpaid connections per account(1)

(1) As of end of period

(2) Excluding acquisitions and adjustments

2016
  $  66,580
  17,515
5,091
  $  89,186

2015
  $  70,396
  16,924
  4,360
  $  91,680

2014
  $  72,630
  10,959
  4,057
  $  87,646

  $ 

  $ 

2016 vs. 2015
(3,816)
591
731
(2,494)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014
(2,234)
  5,965
303
  $  4,034

(3.1)%
54.4
7.5
4.6

(5.4)%   $ 
3.5
16.8
(2.7)

  114,243
  108,796

 112,108
 106,528

 108,211
 102,079

  2,135
  2,268

1.9
2.1

  3,897
  4,449

3.6
4.4

2,155
2,288

  3,956
  4,507

  5,568
  5,482

(1,801)
(2,219)

(45.5)
(49.2)

(1,612)
(975)

(29.0)
(17.8)

1.26%  
1.01%  

1.24%  
0.96%  

1.33%
1.04%

  $  144.32
  $  167.70
  35,410
3.07

  $  152.63
  $  163.63
  35,736
2.98

  $  159.86
  $  162.17
  35,616
2.87

  $ 
  $ 

(8.31)
4.07
(326)
0.09

(5.4)
2.5
(0.9)
3.0

  $ 
  $ 

(7.23)
1.46
120
0.11

(4.5)
0.9
0.3
3.8

2016 Compared to 2015
Wireless’ total operating revenues decreased by $2.5 billion, or 2.7%, 
during 2016 compared to 2015 primarily as a result of a decline in service 
revenue partially offset by increases in equipment and other revenues.

Accounts and Connections
Retail postpaid accounts primarily represent retail customers with 
Verizon Wireless that are directly served and managed by Verizon 
Wireless and use its branded services. Accounts include shared 
data plans, such as our Verizon Plan and More Everything plans, and 
corporate accounts, as well as legacy single connection plans and 
family plans. A single account may include monthly wireless services 
for a variety of connected devices.

Retail connections represent our retail customer device connections. 
Churn is the rate at which service to connections is terminated. Retail 
connections under an account may include those from smartphones 
and basic phones (collectively, phones) as well as tablets and other 
devices connected to the Internet, including retail IoT devices. The 
U.S. wireless market has achieved a high penetration of smart phones 
which reduced the opportunity for new phone connection growth 
for the industry. Retail postpaid connection net additions decreased 
during 2016 primarily due to a decrease in retail postpaid connec-
tion gross additions as well as a higher retail postpaid connection 
churn rate.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Retail Postpaid Connections per Account
Retail postpaid connections per account is calculated by dividing the 
total number of retail postpaid connections by the number of retail 
postpaid accounts as of the end of the period. Retail postpaid connec-
tions per account increased 3.0% as of December 31, 2016 compared 
to December 31, 2015 primarily due to increases in Internet devices, 
which represented 18.3% of our retail postpaid connection base as of 
December 31, 2016, compared to 16.8% as of December 31, 2015.

Other Revenue
Other revenue includes non- service revenues such as regulatory 
fees, cost recovery surcharges, revenues associated with our device 
protection package, sublease rentals and financing revenue. Other 
revenue increased $0.7 billion, or 16.8%, during 2016 compared to 
2015 primarily due to financing revenues from our device payment 
program, cost recovery surcharges and a  volume- driven increase in 
revenues related to our device protection package.

Service Revenue
Service revenue, which does not include recurring device payment plan 
billings related to the Verizon device payment program, decreased by 
$3.8 billion, or 5.4%, during 2016 compared to 2015 primarily driven by 
lower retail postpaid service revenue. Retail postpaid service revenue 
was negatively impacted as a result of customer migration to plans with 
unsubsidized service pricing, including our new price plans launched 
during 2016 which feature safety mode and carryover data. Customer 
migration to unsubsidized service pricing is driven in part by an increase 
in the activation of devices purchased under the Verizon device payment 
program. During the fourth quarter of 2016, phone activations under the 
Verizon device payment program were 77% of retail postpaid phones 
activated. At December 31, 2016, approximately 67% of our retail postpaid 
phone connections were on unsubsidized service pricing compared 
to approximately 42% at December 31, 2015. At December 31, 2016, 
approximately 46% of our retail postpaid phone connections participated 
in the Verizon device payment program compared to approximately 29% 
at December 31, 2015. The decrease in service revenue was partially 
offset by an increase in retail postpaid connections compared to the prior 
year. Service revenue plus recurring device payment plan billings related 
to the Verizon device payment program, which represents the total value 
received from our wireless connections, increased 2.0% during 2016.

Retail postpaid ARPA (the average service revenue per account from 
retail postpaid accounts), which does not include recurring device 
payment plan billings related to the Verizon device payment program, 
was negatively impacted during 2016 as a result of customer migration 
to plans with unsubsidized service pricing, including our new price plans 
launched during 2016 which feature safety mode and carryover data. 
Retail postpaid I-ARPA (the average service revenue per account from 
retail postpaid accounts plus recurring device payment plan billings), 
which represents the monthly recurring value received on a per account 
basis from our retail postpaid accounts, increased 2.5% during 2016.

Equipment Revenue
Equipment revenue increased $0.6 billion, or 3.5%, during 2016 
compared to 2015 as a result of an increase in device sales, primarily 
smartphones, under the Verizon device payment program, partially 
offset by a decline in device sales under the traditional fixed-
term service plans, promotional activity and a decline in overall 
sales volumes.

Under the Verizon device payment program, we recognize a higher 
amount of equipment revenue at the time of sale of devices. For the year 
ended December 31, 2016, phone activations under the Verizon device 
payment program represented approximately 70% of retail postpaid 
phones activated compared to approximately 54% during 2015.

2015 Compared to 2014
Wireless’ total operating revenues increased by $4.0 billion, or 4.6%, 
during 2015 compared to 2014 primarily as a result of growth in 
equipment revenue.

Accounts and Connections
Retail postpaid connection net additions decreased during 2015 
compared to 2014 primarily due to a decrease in retail postpaid 
connection gross additions, partially offset by lower retail postpaid 
connection churn rate. The decrease in retail postpaid connection 
gross additions during 2015 was driven by a decline in gross additions 
of smartphones, tablets and other Internet devices.

Retail Postpaid Connections per Account
Retail postpaid connections per account increased as of December 31, 
2015 compared to December 31, 2014. The increase in retail postpaid 
connections per account is primarily due to increases in Internet 
devices, which represented 16.8% of our retail postpaid connection base 
as of December 31, 2015, compared to 14.1% as of December 31, 2014.

Service Revenue
Service revenue, which does not include recurring device payment 
plan billings related to the Verizon device payment program, decreased 
by $2.2 billion, or 3.1%, during 2015 compared to 2014 primarily driven 
by lower retail postpaid service revenue. Retail postpaid service 
revenue was negatively impacted as a result of an increase in the 
activation of devices purchased under the Verizon device payment 
program on plans with unsubsidized service pricing. During the fourth 
quarter of 2015, phone activations under the Verizon device payment 
program represented approximately 67% of retail postpaid phones 
activated. The increase in these activations resulted in a relative shift 
of revenue from service revenue to equipment revenue and caused 
a change in the timing of the recognition of revenue. At December 31, 
2015, approximately 29% of our retail postpaid phone connections 
participated in the Verizon device payment program compared to 
approximately 8% at December 31, 2014. At December 31, 2015, 
approximately 42% of our retail postpaid phone connections were on 
unsubsidized service pricing. The decrease in service revenue was 
partially offset by the impact of an increase in retail postpaid connec-
tions as well as the continued increase in penetration of smartphones 
and tablets through our shared data plans. Service revenue plus 
recurring device payment plan billings related to the Verizon device 
payment program increased 2.0% during 2015.

Retail postpaid ARPA, which does not include recurring device 
payment plan billings related to the Verizon device payment program, 
was negatively impacted during 2015 as a result of the increase in the 
activation of devices purchased under the Verizon device payment 
program on plans with unsubsidized service pricing. Partially offsetting 
this impact during 2015 was an increase in our retail postpaid connec-
tions per account, as discussed above. Retail postpaid I-ARPA, which 
represents the monthly recurring value received on a per account 
basis from our retail postpaid accounts, increased 0.9% during 2015.

18 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Equipment Revenue
Equipment revenue increased by $6.0 billion, or 54.4%, during 2015 
compared to 2014 as a result of an increase in device sales, primarily 
smartphones, under the Verizon device payment program, partially 
offset by a decline in device sales under traditional fixed-term service 
plans. For the year ended December 31, 2015, phone activations under 
the Verizon device payment program represented approximately 54% 
of retail postpaid phones activated compared to approximately 18% 
during 2014. The increase in these activations resulted in a relative shift 

of revenue from service revenue to equipment revenue and caused a 
change in the timing of the recognition of revenue. This shift in revenue 
was the result of recognizing a higher amount of equipment revenue at 
the time of sale of devices under the device payment program.

Other Revenue
Other revenue increased $0.3 billion, or 7.5%, during 2015 compared to 
2014 primarily due to a  volume- driven increase in revenues related to 
our device protection package.

Operating Expenses

Years Ended December 31,
Cost of services
Cost of equipment
Selling, general and administrative expense
Depreciation and amortization expense
Total Operating Expenses

2016
  $  7,988
  22,238
  19,924
  9,183
  $  59,333

2015
  $  7,803
  23,119
  21,805
  8,980
  $  61,707

2014
  $  7,200
  21,625
  23,602
  8,459
  $  60,886

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

  $ 

  $ 

185
(881)
(1,881)
203
(2,374)

2.4%   $ 
(3.8)
(8.6)
2.3
(3.8)

603
  1,494
(1,797)
521
821

  $ 

8.4%
6.9
(7.6)
6.2
1.3

Cost of Services
Cost of services increased $0.2 billion, or 2.4%, during 2016 compared 
to 2015 primarily due to higher rent expense as a result of an increase 
in macro and small cell sites supporting network capacity expansion 
and densification, as well as a  volume- driven increase in costs related 
to the device protection package offered to our customers. Partially 
offsetting these increases were decreases in network connection 
costs and cost of roaming.

Cost of services increased $0.6 billion, or 8.4%, during 2015 compared 
to 2014 primarily due to higher rent expense as a result of an increase 
in macro and small cell sites as well as higher wireless network 
costs from an increase in fiber facilities supporting network capacity 
expansion and densification, including deployment of small cell tech-
nology, to meet growing customer demand for 4G LTE data services. 
Also contributing to the increase in Cost of services during 2015 was 
a  volume- driven increase in costs related to the device protection 
package offered to our customers.

Cost of Equipment
Cost of equipment decreased $0.9 billion, or 3.8%, during 2016 
compared to 2015 primarily as a result of a 4.6% decline in the number 
of smartphone units sold, partially offset by an increase in the average 
cost per unit for smartphones.

Cost of equipment increased $1.5 billion, or 6.9%, during 2015 
compared to 2014 primarily as a result of an increase in the average 
cost per unit, driven by a shift to higher priced units in the mix of 
devices sold, partially offset by a decline in the number of units sold.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Selling, general and administrative expense decreased $1.9 billion, 
or 8.6%, during 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to a $1.2 billion 
decline in sales commission expense as well as declines in employee 
related costs, non- income taxes, bad debt expense and advertising. 
The decline in sales commission expense was driven by an overall 
decline in activations as well as an increase in the proportion of 
activations under the Verizon device payment program, which has a 
lower commission per unit than activations under traditional fixed-term 
service plans. The decline in employee related costs was a result of 
reduced headcount.

Selling, general and administrative expense decreased $1.8 billion, 
or 7.6%, during 2015 compared to 2014 primarily due to a $2.8 billion 
decline in sales commission expense. The decline in sales commission 
expense was driven by an increase in activations under the Verizon 
device payment program, which has a lower commission per unit than 
activations under traditional fixed-term service plans, partially offset 
by an increase in bad debt expense. The increase in bad debt expense 
was primarily driven by a volume increase in our device payment plan 
receivables, as the credit quality of our customers remained consistent 
throughout the periods presented.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation and amortization expense increased during 2016 and 
2015, respectively, primarily driven by an increase in net depre-
ciable assets.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Segment Operating Income and EBITDA

Years Ended December 31,
Segment Operating Income
Add Depreciation and amortization expense
Segment EBITDA

2016
  $  29,853
9,183
  $  39,036

2015
  $  29,973
  8,980
  $  38,953

2014
  $  26,760
  8,459
  $  35,219

Segment operating income margin
Segment EBITDA margin

33.5%
43.8%

32.7%
42.5%

30.5%
40.2%

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

  $ 

  $ 

(120)
203
83

(0.4)%   $  3,213
521
2.3
  $  3,734
0.2

12.0%
6.2
10.6

The changes in the table above during the periods presented were primarily a result of the factors described in connection with operating 
revenues and operating expenses.

Non- operational items excluded from our Wireless segment Operating income were as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Gain on spectrum license transactions
Severance, pension and benefit charges
Other costs

2016
  $  (142)  
43  
–  
(99)  

  $ 

(dollars in millions)

2015
(254)  
5  
–  
(249)  

$ 

$ 

2014
$  (707)
86
  109
$  (512)

Wireline
The operating results and statistics for all periods presented below exclude the results of Verizon’s local exchange business and related landline 
activities in California, Florida and Texas, which were sold to Frontier on April 1, 2016, to reflect comparable segment operating results consistent 
with the information regularly reviewed by our chief operating decision maker.

Operating Revenues and Selected Operating Statistics

Years Ended December 31,

Consumer retail
Small business

Mass Markets
Global Enterprise
Global Wholesale
Other
Total Operating Revenues

Connections (’000):(1)
Total voice connections

Total Broadband connections
Fios Internet subscribers
Fios video subscribers

(1) As of end of period

2016
  $  12,751
1,651
  14,402
  11,621
5,003
319
  $  31,345

2015
  $  12,696
  1,744
  14,440
  12,050
  5,263
341
  $  32,094

2014
  $  12,168
  1,829
  13,997
  12,814
  5,448
534
  $  32,793

  $ 

  $ 

2016 vs. 2015
55
(93)
(38)
(429)
(260)
(22)
(749)

0.4%   $ 
(5.3)
(0.3)
(3.6)
(4.9)
(6.5)
(2.3)

  $ 

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

528
(85)
443
(764)
(185)
(193)
(699)

4.3%
(4.6)
3.2
(6.0)
(3.4)
(36.1)
(2.1)

  13,939

  15,035

  16,140

(1,096)

(7.3)

(1,105)

(6.8)

7,038
5,653
4,694

  7,085
  5,418
  4,635

  7,024
  5,068
  4,453

(47)
235
59

(0.7)
4.3
1.3

61
350
182

0.9
6.9
4.1

Wireline’s revenues decreased $0.7 billion, or 2.3%, during 2016 compared to 2015 primarily as a result of declines in Global Enterprise and 
Global Wholesale. Wireline’s revenues were also partially impacted by a reduction in Fios marketing activities during the union work stoppage that 
commenced on April 13, 2016 and ended on June 1, 2016. Fios revenues were $11.2 billion during the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to 
$10.7 billion during the similar period in 2015.

20 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Mass Markets
Mass Markets operations provide broadband Internet and video 
services (including high-speed Internet, Fios Internet and Fios video 
services) and local exchange (basic service and end-user access) and 
long distance (including regional toll) voice services to residential and 
small business subscribers.

2016 Compared to 2015
Mass Markets revenues decreased 0.3%, during 2016 compared to 
2015 as the continued decline of local exchange revenues was partially 
offset by increases in Fios revenues due to subscriber growth for Fios 
services (Internet, video and voice).

The decline of local exchange revenues was primarily due to a 7.5% 
decline in Consumer retail voice connections resulting primarily from 
competition and technology substitution with wireless and competing 
voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and cable telephony services. Total 
voice connections include traditional switched access lines in service 
as well as Fios digital voice connections. There was also an 8.0% 
decline in Small business retail voice connections, reflecting compe-
tition and a shift to both IP and high-speed circuits, primarily in areas 
outside of our Fios footprint.

During 2016, we grew our subscriber base by 0.2 million Fios Internet 
subscribers and 0.1 million Fios video subscribers, while also improving 
penetration rates within our Fios service areas for Fios Internet. As of 
December 31, 2016, we achieved a penetration rate of 40.4% for Fios 
Internet compared to a penetration rate of 40.2% for Fios Internet 
as of December 31, 2015. Our Fios connection growth for 2016 was 
impacted by a reduction in Fios marketing activities during the union 
work stoppage that commenced on April 13, 2016 and ended on 
June 1, 2016. Consumer Fios revenues increased $0.4 billion, or 4.3%. 
Fios represented approximately 82% of Consumer retail revenue 
during 2016 compared to approximately 79% during 2015.

2015 Compared to 2014
Mass Markets revenues increased $0.4 billion, or 3.2%, during 2015 
compared to 2014 primarily due to the expansion of Fios services 
(voice, Internet and video), including our Fios Quantum offerings, 
as well as changes in our pricing strategies, partially offset by the 
continued decline of local exchange revenues.

During 2015, we grew our subscriber base by 0.4 million Fios Internet 
subscribers and by 0.2 million Fios video subscribers, while also 
improving the penetration rate within our Fios service areas for Fios 
Internet. As of December 31, 2015, we achieved a penetration rate of 
40.2% for Fios Internet compared to a penetration rate of 39.5% for 
Fios Internet as of December 31, 2014. During 2015, Consumer Fios 
revenue increased $0.9 billion, or 9.5%. Fios represented approx-
imately 79% of Consumer retail revenue during 2015 compared to 
approximately 75% during 2014.

The decline of local exchange revenues was primarily due to a 6.2% 
decline in Consumer retail voice connections resulting primarily from 
competition and technology substitution with wireless, competing 
VoIP and cable telephony services. Total voice connections include 
traditional switched access lines in service as well as Fios digital voice 
connections. There was also a 7.1% decline in Small business retail 
voice connections, reflecting competition and a shift to both IP and 
high-speed circuits, primarily in areas outside of our Fios footprint.

Global Enterprise
Global Enterprise offers advanced information and communication 
technology services and other traditional communications services to 
medium and large business customers, multinational corporations and 
state and federal government customers.

2016 Compared to 2015
Global Enterprise revenues decreased $0.4 billion, or 3.6%, during 
2016 compared to 2015 due to declines in traditional data and 
advanced networking solutions, cloud and IT services and voice 
communications services. Also contributing to the decrease was the 
negative impact of foreign exchange rates. Our traditional data net-
working services, which consist of traditional  circuit-based services 
such as frame relay, private line and legacy data networking services, 
our advanced networking solutions, which include Private IP, Public 
Internet, Ethernet and optical network services, and our cloud and IT 
services declined as a result of competitive price pressures.

2015 Compared to 2014
Global Enterprise revenues decreased $0.8 billion, or 6.0%, during 
2015 compared to 2014 primarily due to a decline in core voice 
services and data networking revenues, which consist of traditional 
 circuit-based services such as frame relay, private line and legacy 
voice and data services. These core services declined as a result of 
secular declines. Also contributing to the decrease were lower net-
working solutions revenues, a decline in customer premise equipment 
revenues and the negative impact of foreign exchange rates. 
Networking solutions, which include Private IP, Public Internet, Ethernet 
and optical network services, declined as a result of competitive price 
compression.

Global Wholesale
Global Wholesale provides communications services, including data, 
voice and local dial tone and broadband services primarily to local, 
long distance and other carriers that use our facilities to provide 
services to their customers.

2016 Compared to 2015
Global Wholesale revenues decreased $0.3 billion, or 4.9%, during 
2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to declines in data revenues 
and traditional voice revenues driven by the effect of technology 
substitution as well as continuing contraction of market rates due to 
competition. As a result of technology substitution, the number of core 
data circuits at December 31, 2016 decreased 16.3% compared to 
December 31, 2015. The decline in traditional voice revenue is driven 
by a 5.8% decline in domestic wholesale connections at December 31, 
2016, compared to December 31, 2015.

2015 Compared to 2014
Global Wholesale revenues decreased $0.2 billion, or 3.4%, during 
2015 compared to 2014 primarily due to declines in traditional voice 
revenues and data revenues driven by the effect of technology 
substitution as well as continuing contraction of market rates due to 
competition. The decline in traditional voice revenue was also due 
to a decrease in minutes of use. We experienced a 7.3% decline in 
domestic wholesale connections between December 31, 2015 and 
December 31, 2014. As a result of technology substitution, the number 
of core data circuits at December 31, 2015 decreased 14.7% compared 
to December 31, 2014.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   21

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Operating Expenses

Years Ended December 31,
Cost of services
Selling, general and administrative expense
Depreciation and amortization expense
Total Operating Expenses

2016
  $  18,619
6,585
6,101
  $  31,305

2015
  $  18,816
  7,256
  6,543
  $  32,615

2014
  $  19,413
  7,394
  6,817
  $  33,624

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

  $ 

  $ 

(197)
(671)
(442)
(1,310)

(1.0)%   $ 
(9.2)
(6.8)
(4.0)

  $ 

(597)
(138)
(274)
(1,009)

(3.1)%
(1.9)
(4.0)
(3.0)

Cost of Services
Cost of services decreased $0.2 billion, or 1.0%, during 2016 
compared to 2015 primarily due to a decline in net pension and post-
retirement benefit cost, a $0.3 billion decline in access costs driven 
by declines in overall wholesale long distance volumes and rates and 
employee costs as a result of reduced headcount. These decreases 
were partially offset by $0.4 billion of incremental costs incurred as a 
result of the union work stoppage that commenced on April 13, 2016 
and ended on June 1, 2016 as well as a $0.2 billion increase in content 
costs associated with continued programming license fee increases 
and continued Fios subscriber growth.

Cost of services decreased during 2015 compared to 2014 primarily 
due to a $0.4 billion decline in employee costs as a result of reduced 
headcount as well as a $0.3 billion decline in access costs driven by 
declines in overall wholesale long distance volumes. Partially offset-
ting these decreases was an increase in content costs of $0.4 billion 
associated with continued Fios subscriber growth and programming 
license fee increases.

Segment Operating Income (Loss) and EBITDA

Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Selling, general and administrative expense decreased $0.7 billion, 
or 9.2%, during 2016 compared to 2015 primarily due to declines in 
employee costs as a result of reduced headcount, a decline in net 
pension and postretirement benefit costs and decreases in non- 
income taxes.

Selling, general and administrative expense decreased during 2015 
compared to 2014 primarily due to declines in employee costs as a 
result of reduced headcount and decreased administrative expenses, 
partially offset by an increase in non- income taxes.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased during 2016 and 
2015 compared to the prior year periods primarily due to decreases in 
net depreciable assets.

Years Ended December 31,
Segment Operating Income (Loss)
Add Depreciation and amortization expense
Segment EBITDA

2016
40
6,101
6,141

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

2015
(521)
  6,543
  $  6,022

  $ 

2014
(831)
  6,817
  $  5,986

Segment operating income (loss) margin
Segment EBITDA margin

0.1%
19.6%

(1.6)%
18.8%

(2.5)%
18.3%

nm —  not meaningful

2016 vs. 2015

(dollars in millions)

Increase/(Decrease)
2015 vs. 2014

  $ 

  $ 

561
(442)
119

nm
(6.8)%  
2.0

  $ 

  $ 

310
(274)
36

(37.3)%
(4.0)
0.6

The changes in the table above were primarily a result of the factors described in connection with operating revenues and operating expenses.

Non- operational items excluded from Wireline’s Operating income (loss) were as follows:

(dollars in millions)

$ 

2015

15   $ 

2014
189
  (2,021)
137
$ (2,803)   $  (1,695)

 (2,818)  
–  

Years Ended December 31,
Severance, pension and benefit charges
Impact of divested operations
Other costs

2016

  $ 

–  
  (661)  
–  
  $  (661)  

22 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

were primarily driven by a decrease in our discount rate assumption 
used to determine the current year liabilities from a  weighted- average 
of 5.0% at December 31, 2013 to a  weighted- average of 4.2% at 
December 31, 2014 ($5.2 billion), a change in mortality assumptions 
primarily driven by the use of updated actuarial tables (RP-2014 
and MP-2014) issued by the Society of Actuaries in October 2014 
($1.8 billion) and revisions to the retirement assumptions for participants 
and other assumption adjustments, partially offset by the difference 
between our estimated return on assets of 7.25% and our actual return 
on assets of 10.5% ($0.6 billion). As part of this charge, we recorded 
severance costs of $0.5 billion under our existing separation plans.

The Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA non-GAAP measure presented 
in the Consolidated Net Income, Operating Income and EBITDA 
discussion (see “Consolidated Results of Operations”) excludes the 
severance, pension and benefit charges (credits) presented above.

Early Debt Redemption and Other Costs
During 2016, we recorded net debt redemption costs of $1.8 billion in 
connection with the early redemption of $2.2 billion aggregate principal 
amount of Verizon Communications notes called and redeemed in 
whole, as well as the early redemption pursuant to three concurrent, 
but separate, tender offers of the following: $3.0 billion aggregate 
principal amount of Verizon Communications notes included in the 
Group 1 Any and All Offer; $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of 
debentures of our operating telephone company subsidiaries included 
in the Group 2 Any and All Offer; $3.8 billion aggregate principal 
amount of Verizon Communications notes, $0.2 billion aggregate 
principal amount of Alltel Corporation debentures and $0.3 billion 
aggregate principal amount of GTE Corporation debentures included 
in the Group 3 Offer. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial state-
ments for additional details related to our early debt redemptions.

During 2014, we recorded net debt redemption costs of $1.4 billion 
in connection with the early redemption of $4.5 billion aggregate 
principal amount of Verizon Communications notes, $1.7 billion 
aggregate principal amount of Cellco Partnership and Verizon Wireless 
Capital LLC notes and $0.1 billion aggregate principal amount of Alltel 
Corporation debentures as well as the purchase of the following 
pursuant to a tender offer: $3.2 billion aggregate principal amount 
of Verizon Communications notes, $0.6 billion aggregate principal 
amount of Cellco Partnership and Verizon Wireless Capital LLC notes, 
$0.3 billion aggregate principal amount of GTE Corporation deben-
tures and $0.2 billion aggregate principal amount of Alltel Corporation 
debentures. We also recorded $0.3 billion of other costs.

We recognize early debt redemption costs in Other income and 
(expense), net on our consolidated statements of income.

Other Items

Severance, Pension and Benefit Charges (Credits)
During 2016, we recorded net pre-tax severance, pension and benefit 
charges of $2.9 billion in accordance with our accounting policy to 
recognize actuarial gains and losses in the period in which they occur. 
The pension and benefit remeasurement charges of $2.5 billion 
were primarily driven by a decrease in our discount rate assumption 
used to determine the current year liabilities of our pension and other 
postretirement benefit plans from a  weighted- average of 4.6% at 
December 31, 2015 to a  weighted- average of 4.2% at December 31, 
2016 ($2.1 billion), updated health care trend cost assumptions 
($0.9 billion), the difference between our estimated return on assets of 
7.0% and our actual return on assets of 6.0% ($0.2 billion) and other 
assumption adjustments ($0.3 billion). These charges were partially 
offset by a change in mortality assumptions primarily driven by the 
use of updated actuarial tables (MP-2016) issued by the Society of 
Actuaries ($0.5 billion) and lower negotiated prescription drug pricing 
($0.5 billion). As part of these charges, we also recorded severance 
costs of $0.4 billion under our existing separation plans.

The net pre-tax severance, pension and benefit charges during 2016 
were comprised of a net pre-tax pension remeasurement charge of 
$0.2 billion measured as of March 31, 2016 related to settlements for 
employees who received lump-sum distributions in one of our defined 
benefit pension plans, a net pre-tax pension and benefit remeasure-
ment charge of $0.8 billion measured as of April 1, 2016 related to 
curtailments in three of our defined benefit pension and one of our 
other postretirement plans, a net pre-tax pension and benefit remea-
surement charge of $2.7 billion measured as of May 31, 2016 in two 
defined benefit pension plans and three other postretirement benefit 
plans as a result of our accounting for the contractual healthcare caps 
and bargained for changes, a net pre-tax pension remeasurement 
charge of $0.1 billion measured as of May 31, 2016 related to settle-
ments for employees who received lump-sum distributions in three of 
our defined benefit pension plans, a net pre-tax pension remeasure-
ment charge of $0.6 billion measured as of August 31, 2016 related to 
settlements for employees who received lump-sum distributions in 
five of our defined benefit pension plans, and a net pre-tax pension 
and benefit credit of $1.9 billion as a result of our fourth quarter remea-
surement of our pension and other postretirement assets and liabilities 
based on updated actuarial assumptions.

During 2015, we recorded net pre-tax severance, pension and benefit 
credits of approximately $2.3 billion primarily for our pension and post-
retirement plans in accordance with our accounting policy to recognize 
actuarial gains and losses in the year in which they occur. The credits 
were primarily driven by an increase in our discount rate assumption used 
to determine the current year liabilities from a  weighted- average of 4.2% 
at December 31, 2014 to a  weighted- average of 4.6% at December 31, 
2015 ($2.5 billion), the execution of a new prescription drug contract 
during 2015 ($1.0 billion) and a change in mortality assumptions 
primarily driven by the use of updated actuarial tables (MP-2015) issued 
by the Society of Actuaries ($0.9 billion), partially offset by the differ-
ence between our estimated return on assets of 7.25% at December 31, 
2014 and our actual return on assets of 0.7% at December 31, 2015 
($1.2 billion), severance costs recorded under our existing separation 
plans ($0.6 billion) and other assumption adjustments ($0.3 billion).

During 2014, we recorded net pre-tax severance, pension and benefit 
charges of approximately $7.5 billion primarily for our pension and post-
retirement plans in accordance with our accounting policy to recognize 
actuarial gains and losses in the year in which they occur. The charges 

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 |   23

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Gain on Access Line Sale
During the second quarter of 2016, we completed the Access Line 
Sale. As a result of this transaction, we recorded a pre-tax gain 
of approximately $1.0 billion in Selling, general and administrative 
expense on our consolidated statement of income for the year ended 
December 31, 2016. The pre-tax gain included a $0.5 billion pension 
and postretirement benefit curtailment gain due to the elimination of 
the accrual of pension and other postretirement benefits for some or 
all future services of a significant number of employees covered in 
three of our defined benefit pension plans and one of our other post-
retirement benefit plans.

The Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA non-GAAP measure presented in 
the Consolidated Net Income, Operating Income and EBITDA discus-
sion (see “Consolidated Results of Operations”) excludes the gain on 
the access line sale described above.

Gain on Spectrum License Transactions
During the first quarter of 2016, we completed a license exchange 
transaction with affiliates of AT&T Inc. (AT&T) to exchange certain 
Advanced Wireless Services (AWS) and Personal Communication 
Services (PCS) spectrum licenses. As a result of this non-cash 
exchange, we received $0.4 billion of AWS and PCS spectrum 
licenses at fair value and we recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately 
$0.1 billion in Selling, general and administrative expense on our con-
solidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2016.

During the fourth quarter of 2015, we completed a license exchange 
transaction with an affiliate of T- Mobile USA Inc. (T- Mobile USA) to 
exchange certain AWS and PCS licenses. As a result of this non-cash 
exchange, we received $0.4 billion of AWS and PCS spectrum 
licenses at fair value and we recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately 
$0.3 billion in Selling, general and administrative expense on our con-
solidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2015.

During the second quarter of 2014, we completed license exchange 
transactions with T- Mobile USA to exchange certain AWS and PCS 
licenses. The exchange included a number of swaps that we expect 
will result in more efficient use of the AWS and PCS bands. As a 
result of these exchanges, we received $0.9 billion of AWS and PCS 
spectrum licenses at fair value and we recorded an immaterial gain.

During the second quarter of 2014, we completed transactions 
pursuant to two additional agreements with T- Mobile USA with 
respect to our remaining 700 MHz A block spectrum licenses. Under 
one agreement, we sold certain of these licenses to T- Mobile USA 
in exchange for cash consideration of approximately $2.4 billion, 
and under the second agreement we exchanged the remainder of 
our 700 MHz A block spectrum licenses as well as AWS and PCS 
spectrum licenses for AWS and PCS spectrum licenses. As a result, 
we received $1.6 billion of AWS and PCS spectrum licenses at fair 
value and we recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately $0.7 billion 
in Selling, general and administrative expense on our consolidated 
statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2014.

The Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA non-GAAP measure presented in 
the Consolidated Net Income, Operating Income and EBITDA discus-
sion (see “Consolidated Results of Operations”) excludes the gains on 
the spectrum license transactions described above.

Wireless Transaction Costs
As a result of the third-party indebtedness incurred to finance the 
Wireless Transaction, we incurred interest expense of $0.4 billion 
during 2014 (see “Consolidated Financial Condition”). This amount 
represents the interest expense incurred prior to the closing of the 
Wireless Transaction.

Gain on Sale of Omnitel Interest
As a result of the sale of the Omnitel Interest on February 21, 2014, 
which was part of the consideration for the Wireless Transaction, 
we recorded a gain of $1.9 billion in Equity in (losses) earnings of 
unconsolidated businesses on our consolidated statement of income 
during 2014.

Impact of Divested Operations
On April 1, 2016, we completed the Access Line Sale to Frontier.

On July 1, 2014, we sold a non- strategic Wireline business that provides 
communications solutions to a variety of government agencies.

The Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA non-GAAP measure presented in 
the Consolidated Net Income, Operating Income and EBITDA discus-
sion (see “Consolidated Results of Operations”) excludes the historical 
financial results of the divested operations described above.

Operating Environment and Trends
The industries that we operate in are highly competitive, which we 
expect to continue particularly as traditional, non- traditional and 
emerging service providers seek increased market share. We believe 
that our high- quality customer base and superior networks differ-
entiate us from our competitors and give us the ability to plan and 
manage through changing economic and competitive conditions. We 
remain focused on executing on the fundamentals of the business: 
maintaining a high- quality customer base, delivering strong financial 
and operating results and generating strong free cash flows. We will 
continue to invest for growth, which we believe is the key to creating 
value for our shareowners. We are investing in innovative technology, 
such as 5G and high-speed fiber, as well as the platforms that will 
position us to capture incremental profitable growth in new areas, like 
mobile video and IoT, to position ourselves at the center of growth 
trends of the future.

The U.S. wireless market has achieved a high penetration of smart-
phones which reduces the opportunity for new phone connection 
growth for the industry. We expect future revenue growth in the 
industry to be driven by monetization of usage through new ecosys-
tems, and penetration increases in other connected devices including 
tablets and IoT devices. Current and potential competitors in the U.S. 
wireless market include other national wireless service providers, 
various regional wireless service providers, wireless resellers as 
well as other communications and technology companies providing 
wireless products and services.

24 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Service and equipment pricing continue to play an important role in the 
wireless competitive landscape. We compete in this area by offering 
our customers services and devices that we believe they will regard as 
the best available value for the price. As the demand for wireless data 
services continues to grow, we and other wireless service providers 
are offering service plans at competitive prices that include a specific 
amount of data access in varying megabyte or gigabyte sizes or, 
in some cases, unlimited data usage subject to certain restrictions. 
These allowances will vary from time to time as part of promotional 
offers or in response to market circumstances. We and many other 
wireless service providers allow customers to carry over unused data 
allowances to the next billing period or provide access to specific data 
content free of data charges to the customer. We expect future service 
growth opportunities to arise following the migration of customers to 
unsubsidized pricing and will be dependent on expanding the pen-
etration of our services and increasing the number of ways that our 
customers can connect with our network and services.

Many wireless service providers, as well as equipment manufacturers, 
offer device payment options that distinguish service pricing from 
equipment pricing and blur the traditional boundary between prepaid 
and postpaid plans. These payment options include device payment 
plans, which provide customers with the ability to pay for their device 
over a period of time, and device leasing arrangements. Historically, 
wireless service providers offered customers wireless plans whereby, 
in exchange for the customer entering into a fixed-term service 
agreement, the wireless service providers significantly, and in some 
cases fully, subsidized the customer’s device purchase. Wireless 
providers recovered those subsidies through higher service fees as 
compared to those paid by customers on device installment plans. We 
and many other wireless providers have limited or discontinued this 
form of device subsidy. As a result, we have experienced significant 
growth in the percentage of activations on device payment plans and 
the number of customers on plans with unsubsidized service pricing. 
The increase in activations on device payment plans results in a 
relative shift of revenue from service revenue to equipment revenue 
and causes a change in the timing of the recognition of revenue. 
This shift in revenue is the result of recognizing a higher amount of 
equipment revenue at the time of sale of devices under the device 
payment program, while recognizing a lower amount of monthly 
service revenue with unsubsidized service pricing.

Current and potential competitors to our Wireline businesses include 
cable companies, wireless service providers, other domestic and 
foreign telecommunications providers, satellite television companies, 
Internet service providers and other companies that offer network 
services and managed enterprise solutions.

In addition, companies with a global presence increasingly compete 
with our Wireline businesses. A relatively small number of telecom-
munications and integrated service providers with global operations 
serve customers in the global enterprise and, to a lesser extent, the 
global wholesale markets. We compete with these full or near-full 
service providers for large contracts to provide integrated services 
to global enterprises. Many of these companies have strong market 
presence, brand recognition, and existing customer relationships, all of 
which contribute to intensifying competition that may affect our future 
revenue growth.

Despite this challenging environment, we expect that we will be able 
to grow key aspects of our Wireline segment by providing network 
reliability, offering product bundles that include broadband Internet 
access, digital television and local and long distance voice services, 
offering more robust IP products and services, and accelerating our 

IoT strategies. We will also continue to focus on cost efficiencies to 
attempt to offset adverse impacts from unfavorable economic condi-
tions and competitive pressures.

2017 Connection Trends
In our Wireless segment, we expect to continue to attract and maintain 
the loyalty of high- quality retail postpaid customers, capitalizing on 
demand for data services and bringing our customers new ways 
of using wireless services in their daily lives. We expect that future 
connection growth will be driven by smartphones, tablets and other 
connected devices. We believe these devices will attract and retain 
higher value retail postpaid connections, contribute to continued 
increases in the penetration of data services and help us remain 
competitive with other wireless carriers. We expect to manage churn 
by providing a consistent, reliable experience on our wireless network 
and focusing on improving the customer experience through simplified 
pricing and better execution in our distribution channels.

In our Wireline segment, we have experienced continuing access line 
losses as customers have disconnected both primary and secondary 
lines and switched to alternative technologies such as wireless, VoIP 
and cable for voice and data services. We expect to continue to expe-
rience access line losses as customers continue to switch to alternate 
technologies. As we seek to increase our penetration rates within our 
Fios service areas and expand our existing business through initiatives 
such as One Fiber, we expect to continue to grow our Fios Internet and 
video connections.

2017 Operating Revenue Trends
In our Wireless segment, we expect to continue to experience declines 
in service revenue as a result of our customer base migration to unsub-
sidized service pricing, the introduction of new pricing structures in 
2016 and early 2017 and the use of promotions. Equipment revenues 
are largely dependent on wireless device sales volumes, the mix of 
devices, promotions and upgrade cycles, which are subject to device 
lifecycles, iconic device launches and competition within the wireless 
industry. 

We expect growth in our Fios broadband and video subscriber base 
to positively impact our Consumer retail revenue. We also expect a 
continuing decline in Consumer retail revenue related to retail voice 
and legacy broadband connection losses. We expect a continued 
decline in revenues for our legacy wholesale and enterprise markets. 
However, we expect the acquisition of XO Holdings’ wireline business to 
mitigate these declines. In Global Enterprise, we also expect additional 
revenues from application services, such as our cloud, security and 
other  solutions-based services, and continued customer migration of 
their services to Private IP and other strategic networking services to 
partially mitigate these pressures.

We expect initiatives to develop platforms, content and applications 
in the mobile video and IoT space will have a long-term positive 
impact on revenues, drive usage on our network and monetize our 
investments.

2017 Operating Cost and Expense Trends
We expect our consolidated operating income margin and adjusted 
EBITDA margin to remain strong as we continue to undertake initia-
tives to reduce our overall cost structure by improving productivity and 
gaining efficiency in our operations throughout the business in 2017 
and beyond. Expenses related to new products and services, such as 
mobile video, and expenses related to newly acquired businesses will 
apply offsetting pressure to our margins.

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 |   25

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Cash Flow from Operations
We create value for our shareowners by investing the cash flows 
generated by our business in opportunities and transactions that 
support continued profitable growth, thereby increasing customer 
satisfaction and usage of our products and services. In addition, we 
have used our cash flows to maintain and grow our dividend payout to 
shareowners. Verizon’s Board of Directors increased the Company’s 
quarterly dividend by 2.2% during 2016, making this the tenth consecu-
tive year in which we have raised our dividend.

During 2016, we changed the method in which we monetize device 
payment plan receivables from sales of device payment plan receiv-
ables to asset- backed securitizations. While proceeds from sales of 
device payment plan receivables were reflected in our cash flows 
from operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows, 
proceeds from asset- backed securitizations are reflected in cash flows 
from financing activities. This change will result in lower cash flow 
from operations, but will not reduce the cash we have available to run 
the business.

Our goal is to use our cash to create long-term value for our share-
holders. We will continue to look for investment opportunities that will 
help us to grow the business, acquire spectrum licenses (see “Cash 
Flows from Investing Activities”), pay dividends to our shareholders 
and, when appropriate, buy back shares of our outstanding common 
stock (see “Cash Flows from Financing Activities”).

Capital Expenditures
Our 2017 capital program includes capital to fund advanced networks 
and services, including adding capacity and density to our 4G LTE 
network in order to stay ahead of our customers’ increasing data 
demands and pre- position our network for 5G, building out fiber assets 
for wireless backhaul and to deliver Fios services to customers as 
part of our One Fiber initiative, expanding our core networks, sup-
porting our  copper-based legacy voice networks and pursuing other 
opportunities to drive operating efficiencies. The level and the timing 
of the Company’s capital expenditures within these broad categories 
can vary significantly as a result of a variety of factors outside of 
our control, such as material weather events. Capital expenditures 
were $17.1 billion in 2016 and $17.8 billion in 2015. We believe that we 
have significant discretion over the amount and timing of our capital 
expenditures on a  Company-wide basis as we are not subject to any 
agreement that would require significant capital expenditures on a 
designated schedule or upon the occurrence of designated events.

Consolidated Financial Condition

Years Ended December 31,
Cash Flows Provided By (Used In)

Operating activities
Investing activities
Financing activities

Decrease In Cash and Cash 

Equivalents

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

2014

 $  22,715
   (10,983)
   (13,322)

 $  38,930
   (30,043)
   (15,015)

 $  30,631
   (15,856)
   (57,705)

 $  (1,590)

 $ 

(6,128)

 $ (42,930)

We use the net cash generated from our operations to fund network 
expansion and modernization, service and repay external financing, 
pay dividends, invest in new businesses and, when appropriate, buy 
back shares of our outstanding common stock. Our sources of funds, 
primarily from operations and, to the extent necessary, from external 
financing arrangements, are sufficient to meet ongoing operating and 
investing requirements. We expect that our capital spending require-
ments will continue to be financed primarily through internally generated 
funds. Debt or equity financing may be needed to fund additional invest-
ments or development activities or to maintain an appropriate capital 
structure to ensure our financial flexibility. Our cash and cash equivalents 
are primarily held domestically and are invested to maintain principal 
and liquidity. Accordingly, we do not have significant exposure to foreign 
currency fluctuations. See “Market Risk” for additional information 
regarding our foreign currency risk management strategies.

Our available external financing arrangements include an active 
commercial paper program, credit available under credit facilities and 
other bank lines of credit, vendor financing arrangements, issuances 
of registered debt or equity securities and  privately- placed capital 
market securities. In addition, our available arrangements to monetize 
our device payment plan agreement receivables include asset- backed 
securitizations and sales of selected receivables to relationship banks.

Cash Flows Provided By Operating Activities
Our primary source of funds continues to be cash generated from 
operations, primarily from our Wireless segment. Net cash provided 
by operating activities during 2016 decreased by $16.2 billion primarily 
due to a change in the method in which we monetize device payment 
plan receivables, as discussed below, as well as a decline in earnings, 
an increase in income taxes paid primarily as a result of the Access 
Line Sale, and $2.4 billion of cash proceeds received in 2015 as a result 
of our transaction (Tower Monetization Transaction) with American 
Tower Corporation (American Tower).

During 2016, we changed the method in which we monetize device 
payment plan receivables from sales of device payment plan receiv-
ables, which were recorded within cash flows provided by operating 
activities, to asset- backed securitization transactions, which are 
recorded in cash flows from financing activities. During 2016, we 
received cash proceeds related to sales of wireless device payment 
plan agreement receivables of $2.0 billion and collected $1.1 billion 
of deferred purchase price. During 2015, we received $7.2 billion of 
cash proceeds related to new sales of wireless device payment plan 
agreement receivables. See Note 7 to the consolidated financial state-
ments for more information. During 2016, we received proceeds from 
asset- backed securitization transactions of $5.0 billion. See Note 6 
to the consolidated financial statements and “Cash Flows Used in 
Financing Activities” for more information.

26 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

investing activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the 
year ended December 31, 2014. During the first quarter of 2015, we 
submitted an application to the FCC and paid $9.5 billion to the FCC to 
complete payment for these licenses. The cash payment of $9.5 billion 
is classified within Acquisitions of wireless licenses on our consoli-
dated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2015. 
On April 8, 2015, the FCC granted us these spectrum licenses.

On May 12, 2015, we entered into the Merger Agreement with AOL 
pursuant to which we commenced a tender offer to acquire all of the 
outstanding shares of common stock of AOL at a price of $50.00 per 
share, net to the seller in cash, without interest and less any applicable 
withholding taxes. On June 23, 2015, we completed the tender offer 
and merger, and AOL became a  wholly-owned subsidiary of Verizon. 
The aggregate cash consideration paid by Verizon at the closing of 
these transactions was approximately $3.8 billion, net of cash acquired 
of $0.5 billion. Holders of approximately 6.6 million shares exercised 
appraisal rights under Delaware law. If they had not exercised these 
rights, Verizon would have paid an additional $330 million for such 
shares at closing.

During 2016, 2015 and 2014, we acquired various other businesses and 
investments for cash consideration that was not significant.

See “Acquisitions and Divestitures” for additional information on our 
acquisitions.

Dispositions
During 2016, we received cash proceeds of $9.9 billion in connection 
with the completion of the Access Line Sale on April 1, 2016.

During 2014, we received proceeds of $2.4 billion related to spectrum 
license transactions and $0.1 billion related to the disposition of a non- 
strategic Wireline business.

See “Acquisitions and Divestitures” for additional information on our 
dispositions.

Other, net
On May 19, 2015, we consummated a sale- leaseback transaction 
with a financial services firm for the buildings and real estate at our 
Basking Ridge, New Jersey location. We received total gross proceeds 
of $0.7 billion resulting in a deferred gain of $0.4 billion, which will 
be amortized over the initial leaseback term of twenty years. The 
leaseback of the buildings and real estate is accounted for as an 
operating lease. The proceeds received as a result of this transaction 
have been classified within Other, net investing activities for the year 
ended December 31, 2015. Also in 2015, we received proceeds of 
$0.2 billion related to a sale of real estate.

Net cash provided by operating activities during 2015 increased by 
$8.3 billion primarily due to $5.9 billion of cash proceeds, net of remit-
tances, related to the sale of wireless device payment plan agreement 
receivables as well as $2.4 billion of cash proceeds received as a result 
of the Tower Monetization Transaction.

We completed the Tower Monetization Transaction in March 2015, 
pursuant to which American Tower acquired the exclusive rights to lease 
and operate approximately 11,300 of our wireless towers for an upfront 
payment of $5.0 billion, of which $2.4 billion related to a portion of the 
towers for which the right-of-use has passed to the tower operator. See 
Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for more information.

Cash Flows Used In Investing Activities

Capital Expenditures
Capital expenditures continue to relate primarily to the use of capital 
resources to facilitate the introduction of new products and services, 
enhance responsiveness to competitive challenges and increase the 
operating efficiency and productivity of our networks.

Capital expenditures, including capitalized software, were as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Wireless
Wireline
Other

(dollars in millions)

2016
  $  11,240
  4,504
  1,315
  $  17,059

2015
  $  11,725
  5,049
  1,001
  $  17,775

2014
  $  10,515
  5,750
926
  $  17,191

Total as a percentage of revenue

13.5%  

13.5%  

13.5%

Capital expenditures decreased at Wireless in 2016 primarily due 
to the timing of investments to increase the capacity of our 4G LTE 
network. Capital expenditures increased at Wireless in 2015 in order 
to increase the capacity of our 4G LTE network. Capital expendi-
tures declined at Wireline in 2016 as a result of capital expenditures 
related to the local exchange business and related landline activities 
in California, Florida and Texas that were sold to Frontier on April 1, 
2016 and reduced capital spending during the work stoppage that 
commenced April 13, 2016 and ended June 1, 2016. Capital expen-
ditures declined at Wireline in 2015 as a result of decreased legacy 
spending requirements as well as decreased Fios spending require-
ments in 2015.

Acquisitions
During 2016, 2015 and 2014, we invested $0.5 billion, $9.9 billion 
and $0.4 billion, respectively, in acquisitions of wireless licenses. 
During 2016, 2015 and 2014, we also invested $3.8 billion, $3.5 billion 
and $0.2 billion, respectively, in acquisitions of businesses, net of 
cash acquired.

In July 2016, we acquired Telogis, a global cloud-based mobile enter-
prise management business, for $0.9 billion of cash consideration.

In November 2016, we acquired Fleetmatics, a leading global provider 
of fleet and mobile workforce management solutions, for $60.00 per 
ordinary share in cash. The aggregate merger consideration was 
approximately $2.5 billion, including cash acquired of $0.1 billion.

On January 29, 2015, the FCC completed an auction of 65 MHz of 
spectrum, which it identified as the AWS-3 band. Verizon participated 
in that auction, and was the high bidder on 181 spectrum licenses, 
for which we paid cash of approximately $10.4 billion. During the 
fourth quarter of 2014, we made a deposit of $0.9 billion related to 
our participation in this auction, which is classified within Other, net 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Cash Flows Used In Financing Activities
We seek to maintain a mix of fixed and variable rate debt to lower 
borrowing costs within reasonable risk parameters. During 2016, 
2015 and 2014, net cash used in financing activities was $13.3 billion, 
$15.0 billion and $57.7 billion, respectively.

2016
During 2016, our net cash used in financing activities of $13.3 billion 
was primarily driven by:

2015
During 2015, our net cash used in financing activities of $15.0 billion 
was primarily driven by:

 • $9.3 billion used for repayments of long-term borrowings and capital 
lease obligations, including the repayment of $6.5 billion of borrow-
ings under a term loan agreement;

 • $8.5 billion used for dividend payments; and

 • $5.0 billion payment for our accelerated share repurchase  

 • $19.2 billion used for repayments of long-term borrowings and 

agreement.

capital lease obligations; and

 • $9.3 billion used for dividend payments.

These uses of cash were partially offset by proceeds from long-term 
borrowings of $18.0 billion, which included $5.0 billion of proceeds 
from our asset- backed debt transactions.

Proceeds from and Repayments of Long-Term Borrowings
At December 31, 2016, our total debt decreased to $108.1 billion as 
compared to $109.7 billion at December 31, 2015. Our effective interest 
rate was 4.8% and 4.9% during the years ended December 31, 2016 
and 2015, respectively. The substantial majority of our total debt 
portfolio consists of fixed rate indebtedness, therefore, changes in 
interest rates do not have a material effect on our interest payments. 
See also “Market Risk” and Note 6 to the consolidated financial state-
ments for additional details.

At December 31, 2016, approximately $11.6 billion or 10.7% of the 
aggregate principal amount of our total debt portfolio consisted 
of foreign denominated debt, primarily the Euro and British Pound 
Sterling. We have entered into cross currency swaps on a majority of 
our foreign denominated debt in order to fix our future interest and 
principal payments in U.S. dollars and mitigate the impact of foreign 
currency transaction gains or losses. See “Market Risk” for additional 
information.

Verizon may continue to acquire debt securities issued by Verizon and 
its affiliates in the future through open market purchases, privately 
negotiated transactions, tender offers, exchange offers, or otherwise, 
upon such terms and at such prices as Verizon may from time to time 
determine for cash or other consideration.

Other, net
Other, net financing activities during 2016, includes net early debt 
redemption costs of $1.8 billion. See “Other Items” for additional infor-
mation related to the early debt redemption costs incurred during the 
year ended December 31, 2016.

Dividends
The Verizon Board of Directors assesses the level of our dividend 
payments on a periodic basis taking into account such factors as 
long-term growth opportunities, internal cash requirements and the 
expectations of our shareholders. During the third quarter of 2016, 
the Board increased our quarterly dividend payment 2.2% to $0.5775 
from $0.565 per share in the prior period. This is the tenth consecu-
tive year that Verizon’s Board of Directors has approved a quarterly 
dividend increase.

As in prior periods, dividend payments were a significant use of capital 
resources. During 2016, we paid $9.3 billion in dividends.

These uses of cash were partially offset by proceeds from long-term 
borrowings of $6.7 billion, which included $6.5 billion of borrowings 
under a term loan agreement which was used for general corporate 
purposes, including the acquisition of spectrum licenses, as well 
as $2.7 billion of cash proceeds received related to the Tower 
Monetization Transaction attributable to the portion of the towers that 
we continue to occupy and use for network operations.

Proceeds from and Repayments of Long-Term Borrowings
At December 31, 2015, our total debt decreased to $109.7 billion as 
compared to $112.8 billion at December 31, 2014. The substantial 
majority of our total debt portfolio consists of fixed rate indebtedness, 
therefore, changes in interest rates do not have a material effect on our 
interest payments. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements 
for additional details regarding our debt activity.

At December 31, 2015, approximately $8.2 billion or 7.5% of the 
aggregate principal amount of our total debt portfolio consisted 
of foreign denominated debt, primarily the Euro and British Pound 
Sterling. We have entered into cross currency swaps in order to fix our 
future interest and principal payments in U.S. dollars and mitigate the 
impact of foreign currency transaction gains or losses. See “Market 
Risk” for additional information.

Other, net
Other, net financing activities during 2015 included $2.7 billion of cash 
proceeds received related to the Tower Monetization Transaction, 
which relates to the portion of the towers that we continue to occupy 
and use for network operations partially offset by the settlement of 
derivatives upon maturity for $0.4 billion.

Dividends
During the third quarter of 2015, the Board increased our quarterly 
dividend payment 2.7% to $0.565 per share from $0.550 per share in 
the same prior period.

As in prior periods, dividend payments were a significant use of capital 
resources. During 2015, we paid $8.5 billion in dividends.

2014
During 2014, our net cash used in financing activities of $57.7 billion 
was primarily driven by:

 • $58.9 billion used to partially fund the Wireless Transaction (see 

Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements);

 • $17.7 billion used for repayments of long-term borrowings and 

capital lease obligations; and

 • $7.8 billion used for dividend payments.

These uses of cash were partially offset by proceeds from long-term 
borrowings of $31.0 billion.

28 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Proceeds from and Repayments of Long-Term Borrowings
At December 31, 2014, our total debt increased to $112.8 billion as 
compared to $93.1 billion at December 31, 2013 primarily as a result 
of additional debt issued to finance the Wireless Transaction. Since 
the substantial majority of our total debt portfolio consists of fixed rate 
indebtedness, changes in interest rates do not have a material effect 
on our interest payments. Throughout 2014, we accessed the capital 
markets to optimize the maturity schedule of our debt portfolio and 
take advantage of lower interest rates, thereby reducing our effective 
interest rate to 4.9% from 5.2% in 2013. See Note 6 to the consolidated 
financial statements for additional details regarding our debt activity.

At December 31, 2014, approximately $9.6 billion or 8.5% of the 
aggregate principal amount of our total debt portfolio consisted 
of foreign denominated debt, primarily the Euro and British Pound 
Sterling. We have entered into cross currency swaps in order to fix our 
future interest and principal payments in U.S. dollars and mitigate the 
impact of foreign currency transaction gains or losses. See “Market 
Risk” for additional information.

See “Other Items” for additional information related to the early debt 
redemption costs incurred in 2014.

Dividends
During the third quarter of 2014, the Board increased our quarterly 
dividend payment 3.8% to $0.550 per share from $0.530 per share in 
the same period of 2013. As in prior periods, dividend payments were 
a significant use of capital resources. During 2014, we paid $7.8 billion 
in dividends.

Asset- Backed Debt
As of December 31, 2016, the carrying value of our asset- backed 
debt was $5.0 billion. Our asset- backed debt includes notes (the 
Asset- Backed Notes) issued to third-party investors (Investors) and 
loans (ABS Financing Facility) received from banks and their conduit 
facilities (collectively, the Banks). Our consolidated asset- backed 
securitization bankruptcy remote legal entities (each, an ABS Entity or 
collectively, the ABS Entities) issue the debt or are otherwise party to 
the transaction documentation in connection with our asset- backed 
debt transactions. Under the terms of our asset- backed debt, we 
transfer device payment plan agreement receivables from Cellco 
Partnership and certain other affiliates of Verizon (collectively, the 
Originators) to one of the ABS Entities, which in turn transfer such 
receivables to another ABS Entity that issues the debt. Verizon entities 
retain the equity interests in the ABS Entities, which represent the 
rights to all funds not needed to make required payments on the asset- 
backed debt and other related payments and expenses.

Our asset- backed debt is secured by the transferred device payment 
plan agreement receivables and future collections on such receiv-
ables. The device payment plan agreement receivables transferred to 
the ABS Entities and related assets, consisting primarily of restricted 
cash, will only be available for payment of asset- backed debt and 
expenses related thereto, payments to the Originators in respect of 
additional transfers of device payment plan agreement receivables, 
and other obligations arising from our asset- backed debt transactions, 
and will not be available to pay other obligations or claims of Verizon’s 
creditors until the associated asset- backed debt and other obligations 
are satisfied. The Investors or Banks, as applicable, which hold our 
asset- backed debt have legal recourse to the assets securing the debt, 
but do not have any recourse to Verizon with respect to the payment of 
principal and interest on the debt. Under a parent support agreement, 
Verizon has agreed to guarantee certain of the payment obligations of 
Cellco Partnership and the Originators to the ABS Entities.

Cash collections on the device payment plan agreement receivables 
are required at certain specified times to be placed into segregated 
accounts. Deposits to the segregated accounts are considered 
restricted cash and are included in Prepaid expenses and other and 
Other assets on our consolidated balance sheets.

Proceeds from our asset- backed debt transactions, deposits to the 
segregated accounts and payments to the Originators in respect of 
additional transfers of device payment plan agreement receivables, 
are reflected in Cash flows from financing activities in our consolidated 
statements of cash flows. Repayments of our asset- backed debt and 
related interest payments made from the segregated accounts are 
non-cash activities and therefore are not reflected within Cash flows 
from financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. 
The asset- backed debt issued and the assets securing this debt are 
included on our consolidated balance sheets.

Although the ABS Financing Facility is fully drawn as of December 31, 
2016, we have the right to prepay all or a portion thereof at any time. If 
we choose to prepay, the amount prepaid shall be available for further 
drawdowns until September 2018, except in certain circumstances.

Credit Facilities
On September 23, 2016, we amended our $8.0 billion credit facility 
to increase the availability to $9.0 billion and extend the maturity to 
September 23, 2020. As of December 31, 2016, the unused borrowing 
capacity under our $9.0 billion credit facility was approximately 
$8.9 billion. The credit facility does not require us to comply with 
financial covenants or maintain specified credit ratings, and it permits 
us to borrow even if our business has incurred a material adverse 
change. We use the credit facility for the issuance of letters of credit 
and for general corporate purposes.

In March 2016, we entered into an equipment credit facility insured 
by Eksportkreditnamnden Stockholm, Sweden (EKN), the Swedish 
export credit agency, with the ability to borrow up to $1 billion to 
finance  locally- sourced network  equipment- related purchases. The 
facility has borrowings available through June 2017, contingent upon 
the amount of  equipment- related purchases made by Verizon. As of 
December 31, 2016 we had drawn $0.5 billion on the facility and the 
unused borrowing capacity was $0.5 billion.

Common Stock
Common stock has been used from time to time to satisfy some of the 
funding requirements of employee and shareholder plans, including 
3.5 million, 22.6 million and 18.2 million common shares issued from 
Treasury stock during 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which had 
aggregate values of an immaterial amount, $0.9 billion and $0.7 billion, 
respectively.

In February 2015, the Verizon Board of Directors authorized Verizon to 
enter into an accelerated share repurchase (ASR) agreement to repur-
chase $5.0 billion of the Company’s common stock. On February 10, 
2015, in exchange for an upfront payment totaling $5.0 billion, Verizon 
received an initial delivery of 86.2 million shares having a value of 
approximately $4.25 billion. On June 5, 2015, Verizon received an addi-
tional 15.4 million shares as final settlement of the transaction under 
the ASR agreement. In total, 101.6 million shares were delivered under 
the ASR at an average repurchase price of $49.21.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

On March 7, 2014, the Verizon Board of Directors approved a share 
buyback program, which authorizes the repurchase of up to 100 million 
shares of Verizon common stock terminating no later than the close 
of business on February 28, 2017. The program permits Verizon to 
repurchase shares over time, with the amount and timing of repur-
chases depending on market conditions and corporate needs. The 
Board also determined that no additional shares were to be purchased 
under the prior program. There were no repurchases of common stock 
during 2016 and 2014. During 2015, we repurchased $0.1 billion of our 
common stock as part of our share buyback program.

As a result of the Wireless Transaction, in February 2014, Verizon 
issued approximately 1.27 billion shares of common stock.

Credit Ratings
Verizon’s credit ratings did not change in 2016, 2015 or 2014.

Securities ratings assigned by rating organizations are expressions of 
opinion and are not recommendations to buy, sell or hold securities. A 
securities rating is subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the 
assigning rating organization. Each rating should be evaluated inde-
pendently of any other rating.

Covenants
Our credit agreements contain covenants that are typical for large, 
investment grade companies. These covenants include requirements 
to pay interest and principal in a timely fashion, pay taxes, maintain 
insurance with responsible and reputable insurance companies, 
preserve our corporate existence, keep appropriate books and records 
of financial transactions, maintain our properties, provide financial and 
other reports to our lenders, limit pledging and disposition of assets and 
mergers and consolidations, and other similar covenants. Additionally, 
our term loan credit agreements require us to maintain a leverage ratio 
(as such term is defined in those agreements) not in excess of 3.50:1.00 
until our credit ratings are equal to or higher than A3 and A-.

We and our consolidated subsidiaries are in compliance with all of our 
financial and restrictive covenants.

2017 Term Loan Agreement
During January 2017, we entered into a term loan credit agreement with 
a syndicate of major financial institutions, pursuant to which we can 
borrow up to $5.5 billion for (i) the acquisition of Yahoo and (ii) general 
corporate purposes. Borrowings under the term loan credit agreement 
mature 18 months following the funding date, with a partial mandatory 
prepayment required within six months following the funding date. The 
term loan agreement contains certain negative covenants, including a 
negative pledge covenant, a merger or similar transaction covenant and 
an accounting changes covenant, affirmative covenants and events of 
default that are customary for companies maintaining an investment 
grade credit rating. In addition, the term loan credit agreement requires 
us to maintain a leverage ratio (as defined in the term loan credit 
agreement) not in excess of 3.50:1.00, until our credit ratings are equal 
to or higher than A3 and A- at Moody’s Investor Service and S&P Global 
Ratings, respectively. To date, we have not drawn on this term loan.

Change In Cash and Cash Equivalents
Our Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2016 totaled $2.9 billion, 
a $1.6 billion decrease compared to Cash and cash equivalents at 
December 31, 2015 primarily as a result of the factors discussed above. 
Our Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2015 totaled $4.5 billion, 
a $6.1 billion decrease compared to Cash and cash equivalents at 
December 31, 2014 primarily as a result of the factors discussed above.

Free Cash Flow
Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that reflects an addi-
tional way of viewing our liquidity that, when viewed with our GAAP 
results, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends 
affecting our cash flows. We believe it is a more conservative measure 
of cash flow since purchases of fixed assets are necessary for ongoing 
operations. Free cash flow has limitations due to the fact that it does 
not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expen-
ditures. For example, free cash flow does not incorporate payments 
made on capital lease obligations or cash payments for business 
acquisitions. Therefore, we believe it is important to view free cash flow 
as a complement to our entire consolidated statements of cash flows. 
Free cash flow is calculated by subtracting capital expenditures from 
net cash provided by operating activities.

The following table reconciles net cash provided by operating activities 
to Free cash flow:

Years Ended December 31,
Net cash provided by operating 

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

2014

activities

 $  22,715

 $  38,930

 $  30,631

Less Capital expenditures 

(including capitalized software)

Free cash flow

  17,059
 $  5,656

  17,775
 $  21,155

  17,191
 $  13,440

The changes in free cash flow during 2016, 2015 and 2014 were a 
result of the factors described in connection with net cash provided by 
operating activities and capital expenditures. The change in free cash 
flow during 2016 was primarily due to a change in the method in which 
we monetize device payment plan receivables, as discussed below, as 
well as a decline in earnings, an increase in income taxes paid primarily 
as a result of the Access Line Sale, and $2.4 billion of cash proceeds 
received in 2015 related to the Tower Monetization Transaction with 
American Tower.

During 2016, we changed the method in which we monetize device 
payment plan receivables from sales of device payment plan receiv-
ables, which were recorded within cash flows provided by operating 
activities, to asset- backed securitization transactions, which are 
recorded in cash flows from financing activities. During 2016, we 
received cash proceeds related to new sales of wireless device 
payment plan agreement receivables of $2.0 billion and collected 
$1.1 billion of deferred purchase price. During 2015, we received 
$7.2 billion of cash proceeds related to new sales of wireless device 
payment plan agreement receivables. See Note 7 to the consolidated 
financial statements for more information. During 2016, we received 
proceeds from asset- backed securitization transactions of $5.0 billion. 
See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements and “Cash Flows 
Used in Financing Activities” for more information.

During 2015, we received $5.9 billion of cash proceeds, net of remit-
tances, related to the sale of wireless device payment plan receivables 
as well as $2.4 billion of cash proceeds received related to the Tower 
Monetization Transaction.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Employee Benefit Plan Funded Status and 
Contributions

Employer Contributions
We operate numerous qualified and nonqualified pension plans and 
other postretirement benefit plans. These plans primarily relate to 
our domestic business units. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, contribu-
tions to our qualified pension plans were $0.8 billion, $0.7 billion and 
$1.5 billion, respectively. We also contributed $0.1 billion to our non-
qualified pension plans each year in 2016, 2015 and 2014.

In an effort to reduce the risk of our portfolio strategy and better 
align assets with liabilities, we have adopted a liability driven pension 
strategy that seeks to better match cash flows from investments 
with projected benefit payments. We expect that the strategy will 
reduce the likelihood that assets will decline at a time when liabilities 

increase (referred to as liability hedging), with the goal to reduce the 
risk of underfunding to the plan and its participants and beneficia-
ries; however, we also expect the strategy to result in lower asset 
returns. Based on this strategy and the funded status of the plans at 
December 31, 2016, we expect the minimum required qualified pension 
plan contribution in 2017 to be $0.6 billion. Nonqualified pension contri-
butions are estimated to be approximately $0.1 billion in 2017.

Contributions to our other postretirement benefit plans generally 
relate to payments for benefits on an as- incurred basis since these 
other postretirement benefit plans do not have funding requirements 
similar to the pension plans. We contributed $1.1 billion, $0.9 billion and 
$0.7 billion to our other postretirement benefit plans in 2016, 2015 and 
2014, respectively. Contributions to our other postretirement benefit 
plans are estimated to be approximately $0.8 billion in 2017.

Leasing Arrangements
See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion of leasing arrangements.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
The following table provides a summary of our contractual obligations and commercial commitments at December 31, 2016. Additional detail 
about these items is included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Contractual Obligations
Long-term debt(1)
Capital lease obligations(2)
Total long-term debt, including current 

maturities

Interest on long-term debt(1)
Operating leases(2)
Purchase obligations(3)
Other long-term liabilities(4)
Finance obligations(5)
Total contractual obligations

Payments Due By Period

Total
$  107,429
950

  108,379
  81,026
  17,875
  16,799
2,536
2,360
$  228,975

Less than  
1 year
2,142
335

$ 

2,477
4,802
2,822
6,926
1,444
266
$  18,737

1–3 years
$  12,386
391

  12,777
9,160
4,887
6,386
1,092
548
$  34,850

3–5 years
$  20,977
160

  21,137
8,169
3,442
1,258
–
570
$  34,576

(dollars in millions)

More than  
5 years
$  71,924
64

  71,988
  58,895
6,724
2,229
–
976
$  140,812

(1)  Items included in long-term debt with variable coupon rates are described in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements.

(2)  See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements.

(3)  The purchase obligations reflected above are primarily commitments to purchase programming and network services, equipment, software and marketing services, which will be 

used or sold in the ordinary course of business. These amounts do not represent our entire anticipated purchases in the future, but represent only those items that are the subject of 
contractual obligations. We also purchase products and services as needed with no firm commitment. For this reason, the amounts presented in this table alone do not provide a reliable 
indicator of our expected future cash outflows or changes in our expected cash position (see Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements).

(4)  Other long-term liabilities include estimated postretirement benefit and qualified pension plan contributions (see Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements).

(5)  Represents future minimum payments under the sublease arrangement for our tower transaction (see Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements).

We are not able to make a reliable estimate of when the unrecognized tax benefits balance of $1.9 billion and related interest and penalties will 
be settled with the respective taxing authorities until issues or examinations are further developed (see Note 11 to the consolidated financial 
statements).

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Guarantees
We guarantee the debentures of our operating telephone company 
subsidiaries as well as the debt obligations of GTE LLC, as successor 
in interest to GTE Corporation, that were issued and outstanding prior 
to July 1, 2003 (see Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements).

As a result of the closing of the Access Line Sale on April 1, 2016, 
GTE Southwest Inc., Verizon California Inc. and Verizon Florida LLC 
are no longer  wholly-owned subsidiaries of Verizon, and the guar-
antees of $0.6 billion aggregate principal amount of debentures and 
first mortgage bonds of those entities have terminated pursuant to 
their terms.

In connection with the execution of agreements for the sale of busi-
nesses and investments, Verizon ordinarily provides representations 
and warranties to the purchasers pertaining to a variety of nonfinancial 
matters, such as ownership of the securities being sold, as well as 
financial losses (see Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements).

As of December 31, 2016, letters of credit totaling approximately 
$0.4 billion, which were executed in the normal course of business 
and support several financing arrangements and payment obligations 
to third parties, were outstanding (see Note 15 to the consolidated 
financial statements).

Market Risk
We are exposed to various types of market risk in the normal course 
of business, including the impact of interest rate changes, foreign 
currency exchange rate fluctuations, changes in investment, equity 
and commodity prices and changes in corporate tax rates. We employ 
risk management strategies, which may include the use of a variety 
of derivatives including cross currency swaps, foreign currency and 
prepaid forwards and collars, interest rate swap agreements, and 
interest rate caps. We do not hold derivatives for trading purposes.

It is our general policy to enter into interest rate, foreign currency and 
other derivative transactions only to the extent necessary to achieve 
our desired objectives in optimizing exposure to various market risks. 
Our objectives include maintaining a mix of fixed and variable rate 
debt to lower borrowing costs within reasonable risk parameters 
and to protect against earnings and cash flow volatility resulting 
from changes in market conditions. We do not hedge our market risk 
exposure in a manner that would completely eliminate the effect of 
changes in interest rates and foreign exchange rates on our earnings. 
At December 31, 2016 and 2015, we posted collateral of approximately 
$0.2 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively, related to derivative contracts 
under collateral exchange arrangements. During 2015, we paid an 
immaterial amount of cash to enter into amendments to certain col-
lateral exchange arrangements. These amendments suspend cash 
collateral posting for a specified period of time by both counterparties. 
We are in the process of negotiating extensions to amendments 
expiring during 2017. While we may be exposed to credit losses due 
to the nonperformance of our counterparties, we consider the risk 
remote. As such, we do not expect that our results of operations or 
financial condition will be materially affected by these risk manage-
ment strategies.

Interest Rate Risk
We are exposed to changes in interest rates, primarily on our short-
term debt and the portion of long-term debt that carries floating 
interest rates. As of December 31, 2016, approximately 78% of the 
aggregate principal amount of our total debt portfolio consisted of 
fixed rate indebtedness, including the effect of interest rate swap 
agreements designated as hedges. The impact of a 100 basis point 
change in interest rates affecting our floating rate debt would result 
in a change in annual interest expense, including our interest rate 
swap agreements that are designated as hedges, of approximately 
$0.3 billion. The interest rates on substantially all of our existing 
long-term debt obligations are unaffected by changes to our 
credit ratings.

The table that follows summarizes the fair values of our long-term 
debt, including current maturities, and interest rate swap derivatives as 
of December 31, 2016 and 2015. The table also provides a sensitivity 
analysis of the estimated fair values of these financial instruments 
assuming 100-basis-point upward and downward shifts in the yield 
curve. Our sensitivity analysis does not include the fair values of our 
commercial paper and bank loans, if any, because they are not signifi-
cantly affected by changes in market interest rates.

Long-term debt and 
related derivatives
At December 31, 2016
At December 31, 2015

Fair Value
  $  117,580
  117,943

Fair Value 
assuming  
+ 100 basis 
point shift
  $  109,029
  108,992

(dollars in millions)

Fair Value 
assuming 
– 100 basis 
point shift
  $  128,007
  128,641

Interest Rate Swaps
We enter into interest rate swaps to achieve a targeted mix of fixed 
and variable rate debt. We principally receive fixed rates and pay 
variable rates based on the London Interbank Offered Rate, resulting 
in a net increase or decrease to Interest expense. These swaps are 
designated as fair value hedges and hedge against interest rate risk 
exposure of designated debt issuances. At December 31, 2016 and 
2015, the fair value of these contracts was $0.2 billion and $0.1 billion, 
respectively, which was primarily included within Other liabilities and 
Other assets, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. At 
December 31, 2016 and 2015, the total notional amount of the interest 
rate swaps was $13.1 billion and $7.6 billion, respectively.

Forward Interest Rate Swaps
In order to manage our exposure to future interest rate changes, we 
have entered into forward interest rate swaps. We designated these 
contracts as cash flow hedges. The fair value of these contracts, which 
was included within Other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet, 
was not material at December 31, 2015. At December 31, 2015, these 
swaps had a notional value of $0.8 billion. During 2016, we settled all 
outstanding forward interest rate swaps.

Interest Rate Caps
We also have interest rate caps which we use as an economic hedge 
but for which we have elected not to apply hedge accounting. During 
2016, we entered into interest rate caps to mitigate our interest 
exposure to interest rate increases on our ABS Financing Facility. The 
fair value of these contracts was not material at December 31, 2016. 
At December 31, 2016, the total notional value of these contracts was 
$2.5 billion.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currency for our foreign operations is primarily the local 
currency. The translation of income statement and balance sheet 
amounts of our foreign operations into U.S. dollars is recorded as 
cumulative translation adjustments, which are included in Accumulated 
other comprehensive income in our consolidated balance sheets. 
Gains and losses on foreign currency transactions are recorded in the 
consolidated statements of income in Other income and (expense), 
net. At December 31, 2016, our primary translation exposure was to the 
British Pound Sterling, Euro, Australian Dollar and Japanese Yen.

Cross Currency Swaps
We enter into cross currency swaps to exchange British Pound 
Sterling and Euro- denominated debt into U.S. dollars and to fix our 
future interest and principal payments in U.S. dollars, as well as to 
mitigate the effect of foreign currency transaction gains or losses. 
These swaps are designated as cash flow hedges. The fair value of the 
outstanding swaps, which was primarily included within Other liabilities 
on our consolidated balance sheets, was $1.8 billion and $1.6 billion 
at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. At December 31, 2016 
and 2015, the total notional amount of the cross currency swaps was 
$12.9 billion and $9.7 billion, respectively.

Net Investment Hedges
We have designated certain foreign currency instruments as net 
investment hedges to mitigate foreign exchange exposure related to 
non-U.S. dollar net investments in certain foreign subsidiaries against 
changes in foreign exchange rates. The fair value of these contracts 
was not material at December 31, 2015. At December 31, 2015, the 
total notional value of these contracts was $0.9 billion. During 2016, we 
settled these net investment hedges and designated $0.8 billion total 
notional value of Euro- denominated debt as a net investment hedge.

Critical Accounting Estimates and 
Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Critical Accounting Estimates
A summary of the critical accounting estimates used in preparing our 
financial statements is as follows:

 • Wireless licenses and Goodwill are a significant component of 

our consolidated assets. Both our wireless licenses and goodwill 
are treated as  indefinite-lived intangible assets and, therefore are 
not amortized, but rather are tested for impairment annually in the 
fourth fiscal quarter, unless there are events requiring an earlier 
assessment or changes in circumstances during an interim period 
that indicate these assets may not be recoverable. We believe our 
estimates and assumptions are reasonable and represent appro-
priate marketplace considerations as of the valuation date. Although 
we use consistent methodologies in developing the assumptions 
and estimates underlying the fair value calculations used in our 
impairment tests, these estimates and assumptions are uncertain 
by nature, may change over time and can vary from actual results. It 
is possible that in the future there may be changes in our estimates 
and assumptions, including the timing and amount of future cash 
flows, margins, growth rates, market participant assumptions, com-
parable benchmark companies and related multiples and discount 
rates, which could result in different fair value estimates. Significant 
and adverse changes to any one or more of the above noted 
estimates and assumptions could result in a goodwill impairment for 
one or more of our reporting units.

Wireless Licenses
The carrying value of our wireless licenses was approximately 
$86.7 billion as of December 31, 2016. We aggregate our wireless 
licenses into one single unit of accounting, as we utilize our wireless 
licenses on an integrated basis as part of our nationwide wireless 
network. Our wireless licenses provide us with the exclusive right 
to utilize certain radio frequency spectrum to provide wireless 
communication services. There are currently no legal, regulatory, 
contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that limit the 
useful life of our wireless licenses.

In 2016 and 2014, we performed a qualitative impairment assess-
ment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair 
value of our wireless licenses was less than the carrying amount. As 
part of our assessment we considered several qualitative factors 
including the business enterprise value of Wireless, macroeconomic 
conditions (including changes in interest rates and discount rates), 
industry and market considerations (including industry revenue and 
EBITDA margin projections), the projected financial performance 
of Wireless, as well as other factors. Based on our assessments in 
2016 and 2014, we qualitatively concluded that it was more likely 
than not that the fair value of our wireless licenses significantly 
exceeded their carrying value and, therefore, did not result in an 
impairment.

In 2015, our quantitative impairment test consisted of comparing the 
estimated fair value of our aggregate wireless licenses to the aggre-
gated carrying amount as of the test date. If the estimated fair value 
of our aggregated wireless licenses is less than the aggregated 
carrying amount of the wireless licenses then an impairment charge 
would have been recognized. Our quantitative impairment test for 
2015 indicated that the fair value significantly exceeded the carrying 
value and, therefore, did not result in an impairment.

In 2015, using a quantitative assessment, we estimated the fair 
value of our wireless licenses using the Greenfield approach. 
The Greenfield approach is an income based valuation approach 
that values the wireless licenses by calculating the cash flow 
generating potential of a hypothetical start-up company that goes 
into business with no assets except the wireless licenses to be 
valued. A discounted cash flow analysis is used to estimate what 
a marketplace participant would be willing to pay to purchase 
the aggregated wireless licenses as of the valuation date. As a 
result, we were required to make significant estimates about future 
cash flows specifically associated with our wireless licenses, an 
appropriate discount rate based on the risk associated with those 
estimated cash flows and assumed terminal value and growth rates. 
We considered current and expected future economic conditions, 
current and expected availability of wireless network technology 
and infrastructure and related equipment and the costs thereof as 
well as other relevant factors in estimating future cash flows. The 
discount rate represented our estimate of the  weighted- average 
cost of capital (WACC), or expected return, that a marketplace par-
ticipant would have required as of the valuation date. We developed 
the discount rate based on our consideration of the cost of debt 
and equity of a group of guideline companies as of the valuation 
date. Accordingly, our discount rate incorporated our estimate of 
the expected return a marketplace participant would have required 
as of the valuation date, including the risk premium associated with 
the current and expected economic conditions as of the valuation 
date. The terminal value growth rate represented our estimate of the 
marketplace’s long-term growth rate.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Goodwill
At December 31, 2016, the balance of our goodwill was approx-
imately $27.2 billion, of which $18.4 billion was in our Wireless 
reporting unit, $3.8 billion was in our Wireline reporting unit, 
$2.7 billion was in our digital media reporting unit and $2.3 billion 
was in our other reporting units. To determine if goodwill is 
potentially impaired, we have the option to perform a qualitative 
assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the 
fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If we elect 
to bypass the qualitative assessment or if indications of a potential 
impairment exist, the determination of whether an impairment has 
occurred requires the determination of fair value of each respective 
reporting unit.

In 2016, we performed a qualitative assessment for our Wireless 
reporting unit to determine whether it is more likely than not that the 
fair value of the reporting unit was less than the carrying amount. As 
part of our assessment we considered several qualitative factors, 
including the business enterprise value of Wireless from the last 
quantitative test and the excess of fair value over carrying value 
from this test, macroeconomic conditions (including changes in 
interest rates and discount rates), industry and market consider-
ations (including industry revenue and EBITDA margin projections), 
the projected financial performance of Wireless, as well as other 
factors. Based on our assessments in 2016, we qualitatively 
concluded that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the 
Wireless reporting unit significantly exceeded its carrying value and, 
therefore, did not result in an impairment.

We performed a quantitative impairment assessment for our 
Wireless reporting unit in 2015 and 2014 and for our Wireline and 
other reporting units in 2016, 2015 and 2014. For each year, our 
quantitative impairment tests indicated that the fair value of each 
of our reporting units exceeded their carrying value and therefore, 
did not result in an impairment. In the event of a 10% decline in the 
fair value of any of our reporting units, the fair value of each of our 
reporting units would have still exceeded their book value. However, 
the excess of fair value over carrying value for both our Wireline 
and digital media reporting units continues to decline such that it is 
reasonably possible that small changes to our valuation inputs, such 
as a decline in actual or projected operating results or an increase in 
discount rates, could trigger a goodwill impairment loss in the future.

Under our quantitative assessment, the fair value of the reporting 
unit is calculated using a market approach and a discounted cash 
flow method. The market approach includes the use of compar-
ative multiples to corroborate discounted cash flow results. The 
discounted cash flow method is based on the present value of 
two components —  projected cash flows and a terminal value. The 
terminal value represents the expected normalized future cash 
flows of the reporting unit beyond the cash flows from the discrete 
projection period. The fair value of the reporting unit is calculated 
based on the sum of the present value of the cash flows from the 
discrete period and the present value of the terminal value. The 
discount rate represented our estimate of the WACC, or expected 
return, that a marketplace participant would have required as of the 
valuation date.

 • We maintain benefit plans for most of our employees, including, for 
certain employees, pension and other postretirement benefit plans. 
At December 31, 2016, in the aggregate, pension plan benefit obliga-
tions exceeded the fair value of pension plan assets, which will result 
in higher future pension plan expense. Other postretirement benefit 
plans have larger benefit obligations than plan assets, resulting 
in expense. Significant benefit plan assumptions, including the 
discount rate used, the long-term rate of return on plan assets, the 
determination of the substantive plan and health care trend rates are 
periodically updated and impact the amount of benefit plan income, 
expense, assets and obligations. Changes to one or more of these 
assumptions could significantly impact our accounting for pension 
and other postretirement benefits. A sensitivity analysis of the 
impact of changes in these assumptions on the benefit obligations 
and expense (income) recorded, as well as on the funded status due 
to an increase or a decrease in the actual versus expected return on 
plan assets as of December 31, 2016 and for the year then ended 
pertaining to Verizon’s pension and postretirement benefit plans, is 
provided in the table below.

(dollars in millions)
Pension plans discount rate

Rate of return on pension plan assets

Postretirement plans discount rate

Rate of return on postretirement plan assets

Health care trend rates

Percentage 
point 
change

$ 

Increase 
(decrease) at 
December 31, 
2016*
(1,114)
  1,241
(149)
149
(1,006)
  1,113
(14)
14
609
(616)

+0.50  
–0.50  
+1.00  
–1.00  
+0.50  
–0.50  
+1.00  
–1.00  
+1.00  
–1.00  

* In determining its pension and other postretirement obligation, the Company used a 
 weighted- average discount rate of 4.2%. The rate was selected to approximate the 
composite interest rates available on a selection of high- quality bonds available in the 
market at December 31, 2016. The bonds selected had maturities that coincided with 
the time periods during which benefits payments are expected to occur, were non- 
callable and available in sufficient quantities to ensure marketability (at least $0.3 billion 
par outstanding).

The annual measurement date for both our pension and other 
postretirement benefits is December 31. Effective January 1, 2016, 
we adopted the full yield curve approach to estimate the interest 
cost component of net periodic benefit cost for pension and 
other postretirement benefits. We accounted for this change as 
a change in accounting estimate and, accordingly, accounted for 
it prospectively beginning in the first quarter of 2016. Prior to this 
change, we estimated the interest cost component utilizing a single 
 weighted- average discount rate derived from the yield curve used to 
measure the benefit obligation at the beginning of the period.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

of specific customer accounts and includes consideration of the 
credit worthiness and financial condition of those customers. We 
record an allowance to reduce the receivables to the amount that is 
reasonably believed to be collectible. We also record an allowance 
for all other receivables based on multiple factors, including histor-
ical experience with bad debts, the general economic environment 
and the aging of such receivables. If there is a deterioration of our 
customers’ financial condition or if future actual default rates on 
receivables in general differ from those currently anticipated, we 
may have to adjust our allowance for doubtful accounts, which 
would affect earnings in the period the adjustments are made.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for a discussion 
of recently issued accounting standard updates not yet adopted as of 
December 31, 2016.

Acquisitions and Divestitures

Wireless

Wireless Transaction
On February 21, 2014, we completed the Wireless Transaction for 
aggregate consideration of approximately $130 billion. The con-
sideration paid was primarily comprised of cash of approximately 
$58.89 billion, Verizon common stock with a value of approximately 
$61.3 billion and other consideration.

Omnitel Transaction
On February 21, 2014, Verizon and Vodafone also consummated the 
sale of the Omnitel Interest by a subsidiary of Verizon to a subsidiary 
of Vodafone in connection with the Wireless Transaction pursuant 
to a separate share purchase agreement. As a result, during 2014, 
we recognized a pre-tax gain of $1.9 billion on the disposal of the 
Omnitel interest.

See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for additional 
information regarding the Wireless Transaction.

Spectrum License Transactions
In January 2015, the FCC completed an auction of 65 MHz of 
spectrum in the AWS-3 band. We participated in the auction and were 
the high bidder on 181 spectrum licenses, for which we paid cash 
of approximately $10.4 billion. The FCC granted us these spectrum 
licenses in April 2015.

During the fourth quarter of 2016, we entered into a license exchange 
agreement with affiliates of AT&T to exchange certain AWS and 
PCS spectrum licenses. As a result of this agreement, $0.9 billion of 
Wireless licenses are classified as held for sale on our consolidated 
balance sheet as of December 31, 2016. This non-cash exchange was 
completed in February 2017. We expect to record a gain on this trans-
action in the first quarter of 2017.

The full yield curve approach refines our estimate of interest cost 
by applying the individual spot rates from a yield curve composed 
of the rates of return on several hundred high- quality fixed income 
corporate bonds available at the measurement date. These indi-
vidual spot rates align with the timing of each future cash outflow for 
benefit payments and therefore provide a more precise estimate of 
interest cost.

This change in accounting estimate does not affect the measure-
ment of our total benefit obligations at year end or our annual net 
periodic benefit cost as the change in the interest cost is offset 
in the actuarial gain or loss recorded at year end. Accordingly, 
this change in accounting estimate has no impact on our annual 
consolidated GAAP results. For the year ended December 31, 
2016, this change resulted in our reduction of the interest cost 
component of net periodic benefit cost of approximately $0.4 billion. 
For the year ended December 31, 2016, the impact of this change 
on our non-GAAP measures was an increase to Consolidated 
Adjusted EBITDA by approximately $0.4 billion. Our non-GAAP 
measure for Segment EBITDA is unaffected because the interest 
cost component of net periodic benefit cost is not included in our 
segment results. For additional discussion of Non-GAAP measures 
and non- operational items see “Consolidated Results of Operations”.

 • Our current and deferred income taxes and associated valuation 
allowances are impacted by events and transactions arising in 
the normal course of business as well as in connection with the 
adoption of new accounting standards, changes in tax laws and 
rates, acquisitions and dispositions of businesses and non- recurring 
items. As a global commercial enterprise, our income tax rate and 
the classification of income taxes can be affected by many factors, 
including estimates of the timing and realization of deferred income 
tax assets and the timing and amount of income tax payments. We 
account for tax benefits taken or expected to be taken in our tax 
returns in accordance with the accounting standard relating to the 
uncertainty in income taxes, which requires the use of a two-step 
approach for recognizing and measuring tax benefits taken or 
expected to be taken in a tax return. We review and adjust our 
liability for unrecognized tax benefits based on our best judgment 
given the facts, circumstances and information available at each 
reporting date. To the extent that the final outcome of these tax 
positions is different than the amounts recorded, such differences 
may impact income tax expense and actual tax payments. We 
recognize any interest and penalties accrued related to unrecog-
nized tax benefits in income tax expense. Actual tax payments may 
materially differ from estimated liabilities as a result of changes in 
tax laws as well as unanticipated transactions impacting related 
income tax balances.

 • Our Plant, property and equipment balance represents a signif-
icant component of our consolidated assets. We record Plant, 
property and equipment at cost. We depreciate Plant, property and 
equipment on a  straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 
the assets. We expect that a one-year increase in estimated useful 
lives of our Plant, property and equipment would result in a decrease 
to our 2016 depreciation expense of $2.8 billion and that a one-year 
decrease would result in an increase of approximately $5.7 billion in 
our 2016 depreciation expense.

 • We maintain allowances for uncollectible accounts receivable, 

including our device payment plan receivables, for estimated losses 
resulting from the failure or inability of our customers to make 
required payments. Our allowance for uncollectible accounts receiv-
able is based on management’s assessment of the collectability 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

From time to time, we enter into agreements to buy, sell or exchange 
spectrum licenses. We believe these spectrum license transactions 
have allowed us to continue to enhance the reliability of our network 
while also resulting in a more efficient use of spectrum. See Note 2 to 
the consolidated financial statements for additional details regarding 
our spectrum license transactions.

Tower Monetization Transaction
During March 2015, we completed a transaction with American Tower 
pursuant to which American Tower acquired the exclusive right to 
lease, acquire or otherwise operate and manage many of our wireless 
towers for an upfront payment of $5.1 billion, which also included 
payment for the sale of 162 towers. See Note 2 to the consolidated 
financial statements for additional information.

Wireline

Access Line Sale
On February 5, 2015, we entered into a definitive agreement with 
Frontier pursuant to which Verizon agreed to sell its local exchange 
business and related landline activities in California, Florida and Texas, 
including Fios Internet and video customers, switched and special 
access lines and high-speed Internet service and long distance voice 
accounts in these three states, for approximately $10.5 billion (approx-
imately $7.3 billion net of income taxes), subject to certain adjustments 
and including the assumption of $0.6 billion of indebtedness from 
Verizon by Frontier. The transaction, which included the acquisition by 
Frontier of the equity interests of Verizon’s ILECs in California, Florida 
and Texas, did not involve any assets or liabilities of Verizon Wireless. 
The transaction closed on April 1, 2016. See Note 2 to the consolidated 
financial statements for additional information.

Other
During July 2014, we sold a non- strategic Wireline business for cash 
consideration that was not significant. See Note 2 to the consolidated 
financial statements for additional information.

On February 20, 2016, we entered into a purchase agreement to 
acquire XO Holdings’ wireline business, which owns and operates one 
of the largest fiber-based IP and Ethernet networks, for approximately 
$1.8 billion, subject to adjustment. We completed the acquisition on 
February 1, 2017. Separately, we entered into an agreement to lease 
certain wireless spectrum from a  wholly-owned subsidiary of XO 
Holdings that holds its wireless spectrum. Verizon has an option, exer-
cisable under certain circumstances, to buy that subsidiary.

On December 6, 2016, we entered into a definitive agreement with 
Equinix pursuant to which Verizon will sell 24  customer- facing data 
center sites in the United States and Latin America, for approximately 
$3.6 billion, subject to certain adjustments. The sale does not affect 
Verizon’s data center services delivered from 27 sites in Europe, Asia- 
Pacific and Canada, or its managed hosting and cloud offerings. The 
transaction is subject to customary regulatory approvals and closing 
conditions, and is expected to close during the first half of 2017.

Other

Acquisition of Yahoo! Inc.’s Operating Business
On July 23, 2016, Verizon entered into a stock purchase agreement 
(the Purchase Agreement) with Yahoo. Pursuant to the Purchase 
Agreement, upon the terms and subject to the conditions thereof, 
we agreed to acquire the stock of one or more subsidiaries of 
Yahoo holding all of Yahoo’s operating business for approximately 
$4.83 billion in cash, subject to certain adjustments (the Transaction). 
Prior to the closing of the Transaction, pursuant to a related reorga-
nization agreement, Yahoo will transfer all of the assets and liabilities 
constituting Yahoo’s operating business to the subsidiaries to be 
acquired in the Transaction. The assets to be acquired will not include 
Yahoo’s cash, its ownership interests in Alibaba, Yahoo! Japan and 
certain other investments, certain undeveloped land recently divested 
by Yahoo or certain non-core intellectual property. We will receive for 
our benefit and that of our current and certain future affiliates a non-ex-
clusive, worldwide, perpetual, royalty-free license to all of Yahoo’s 
intellectual property that is not being conveyed with the business.

On February 20, 2017, Verizon and Yahoo entered into an amendment 
to the Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Transaction 
purchase price will be reduced by $350 million to approximately 
$4.48 billion in cash, subject to certain adjustments. Subject to certain 
exceptions, the parties also agreed that certain user security and data 
breaches incurred by Yahoo (and the losses arising therefrom) will 
be disregarded (1) for purposes of specified conditions to Verizon’s 
obligations to close the Transaction and (2) in determining whether a 
“Business Material Adverse Effect” under the Purchase Agreement 
has occurred.

Concurrently with the amendment of the Purchase Agreement, Yahoo 
and Yahoo Holdings, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Yahoo that 
Verizon has agreed to purchase pursuant to the Transaction, also 
entered into an amendment to the related reorganization agreement, 
pursuant to which Yahoo (which has announced that it intends to 
change its name to Altaba Inc. following the closing of the Transaction)
will retain 50% of certain post-closing liabilities arising out of govern-
mental or third party investigations, litigations or other claims related to 
certain user security and data breaches incurred by Yahoo. In accor-
dance with the original Transaction agreements, Yahoo will continue 
to retain 100% of any liabilities arising out of any shareholder lawsuits 
(including derivative claims) and investigations and actions by the SEC. 

The Transaction remains subject to customary closing conditions, 
including the approval of Yahoo's stockholders, and is expected to 
close in the second quarter of 2017.

36 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations continued

Acquisition of AOL Inc.
On May 12, 2015, we entered into the Merger Agreement with AOL 
pursuant to which we commenced a tender offer to acquire all of the 
outstanding shares of common stock of AOL at a price of $50.00 per 
share, net to the seller in cash, without interest and less any applicable 
withholding taxes. On June 23, 2015, we completed the tender offer 
and merger, and AOL became a  wholly-owned subsidiary of Verizon. 
The aggregate cash consideration paid by Verizon at the closing 
of these transactions was approximately $3.8 billion. Holders of 
approximately 6.6 million shares exercised their appraisal rights under 
Delaware law. If they had not exercised these rights, Verizon would 
have paid an additional $330 million for such shares at the closing.

AOL is a leader in the digital content and advertising platform space. 
Verizon has been investing in emerging technology that taps into the 
market shift to digital content and advertising. AOL’s business model 
aligns with this approach, and we believe that its combination of owned 
and operated content properties plus a digital advertising platform 
enhances our ability to further develop future revenue streams. 
See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements for additional 
information.

Other
On July 29, 2016, we acquired Telogis, a global cloud-based mobile 
enterprise management software business, for $0.9 billion of cash 
consideration.

On July 30, 2016, we entered into an agreement (the Transaction 
Agreement) to acquire Fleetmatics. Fleetmatics is a leading global 
provider of fleet and mobile workforce management solutions. 
Pursuant to the terms of the Transaction Agreement, we acquired 
Fleetmatics for $60.00 per ordinary share in cash. The aggregate 
merger consideration was approximately $2.5 billion, including 
cash acquired of $0.1 billion. We completed the acquisition on 
November 7, 2016.

During the fourth quarter of 2014, Redbox Instant by Verizon, a venture 
between Verizon and Redbox Automated Retail, LLC (Redbox), a 
 wholly-owned subsidiary of Outerwall Inc., ceased providing service to 
its customers. In accordance with an agreement between the parties, 
Redbox withdrew from the venture on October 20, 2014 and Verizon 
wound down and dissolved the venture during the fourth quarter 
of 2014. As a result of the termination of the venture, we recorded a 
pre-tax loss of $0.1 billion in the fourth quarter of 2014.

From time to time, we enter into strategic agreements to acquire 
various other businesses and investments. See Note 2 to the consoli-
dated financial statements for additional information.

Cautionary Statement Concerning 
 Forward- Looking Statements
In this report we have made  forward- looking statements. These state-
ments are based on our estimates and assumptions and are subject 
to risks and uncertainties.  Forward- looking statements include the 
information concerning our possible or assumed future results of oper-
ations.  Forward- looking statements also include those preceded or 
followed by the words “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “hopes” or 
similar expressions. For those statements, we claim the protection of 
the safe harbor for  forward- looking statements contained in the Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

The following important factors, along with those discussed elsewhere 
in this report and in other filings with the SEC, could affect future 
results and could cause those results to differ materially from those 
expressed in the  forward- looking statements:

 • adverse conditions in the U.S. and international economies;

 •

the effects of competition in the markets in which we operate;

 • material changes in technology or technology substitution;

 • disruption of our key suppliers’ provisioning of products or services;

 • changes in the regulatory environment in which we operate, 
including any increase in restrictions on our ability to operate 
our networks;

 • breaches of network or information technology security, natural 

disasters, terrorist attacks or acts of war or significant litigation and 
any resulting financial impact not covered by insurance;

 • our high level of indebtedness;

 • an adverse change in the ratings afforded our debt securities by 

nationally accredited ratings organizations or adverse conditions in 
the credit markets affecting the cost, including interest rates, and/or 
availability of further financing;

 • material adverse changes in labor matters, including labor negotia-

tions, and any resulting financial and/or operational impact;

 • significant increases in benefit plan costs or lower investment 

returns on plan assets;

 • changes in tax laws or treaties, or in their interpretation;

 • changes in accounting assumptions that regulatory agencies, 

including the SEC, may require or that result from changes in the 
accounting rules or their application, which could result in an impact 
on earnings;

 •

 •

the inability to implement our business strategies; and

the inability to realize the expected benefits of strategic transactions.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   37

Report of Management on Internal 
Control Over Financial Reporting

We, the management of Verizon Communications Inc., are respon-
sible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over 
financial reporting of the company. Management has evaluated internal 
control over financial reporting of the company using the criteria for 
effective internal control established in Internal Control–Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of 
the Treadway Commission in 2013.

Management has assessed the effectiveness of the company’s 
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016. 
Based on this assessment, we believe that the internal control over 
financial reporting of the company is effective as of December 31, 
2016. In connection with this assessment, there were no material 
weaknesses in the company’s internal control over financial reporting 
identified by management.

The company’s financial statements included in this Annual Report 
have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered 
public accounting firm. Ernst & Young LLP has also provided an attes-
tation report on the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Lowell C. McAdam
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Matthew D. Ellis
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Anthony T. Skiadas
Senior Vice President and Controller

Report of Independent Registered  
Public Accounting Firm on Internal 
Control Over Financial Reporting

To The Board of Directors and Shareowners of  
Verizon Communications Inc.:

We have audited Verizon Communications Inc. and subsidiaries’ 
(Verizon) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control–Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). 
Verizon’s management is responsible for maintaining effective 
internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in 
the accompanying Report of Management on Internal Control Over 
Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the 
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those 
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reason-
able assurance about whether effective internal control over financial 
reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included 
obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, 
assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evalu-
ating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based 
on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit 
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process 
designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for 
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the main-
tenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly 
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; 
(2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as 
necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with 
authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) 
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection 
of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets 
that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

38 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial 
reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the 
risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or proce-
dures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Verizon maintained, in all material respects, effective 
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based 
on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public 
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consoli-
dated balance sheets of Verizon as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, 
and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive 
income, cash flows and changes in equity for each of the three 
years in the period ended December 31, 2016 and our report dated 
February 21, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Ernst & Young LLP
New York, New York

February 21, 2017

Report of Independent Registered Public 
Accounting Firm

To The Board of Directors and Shareowners of Verizon 
Communications Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets 
of Verizon Communications Inc. and subsidiaries (Verizon) as of 
December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidated statements 
of income, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in equity 
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016. 
These financial statements are the responsibility of Verizon’s man-
agement. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial 
statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the 
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those 
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain rea-
sonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of 
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles 
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as eval-
uating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our 
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, 
in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Verizon 
at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the consolidated results of its 
operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period 
ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted 
accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public 
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Verizon’s 
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, 
based on criteria established in Internal Control–Integrated Framework 
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 21, 2017 
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Ernst & Young LLP
New York, New York

February 21, 2017

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   39

 
Consolidated Statements of Income

Years Ended December 31,
Operating Revenues

Service revenues and other
Wireless equipment revenues

Total Operating Revenues

Operating Expenses

Cost of services (exclusive of items shown below)
Wireless cost of equipment
Selling, general and administrative expense, net
Depreciation and amortization expense

Total Operating Expenses

Operating Income
Equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated businesses
Other income and (expense), net
Interest expense
Income Before Provision For Income Taxes
Provision for income taxes
Net Income

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income attributable to Verizon
Net Income

Basic Earnings Per Common Share
Net income attributable to Verizon
 Weighted- average shares outstanding (in millions)

Diluted Earnings Per Common Share
Net income attributable to Verizon
 Weighted- average shares outstanding (in millions)

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

2016

2015

2014

  $  108,468
17,512
  125,980

  $  114,696
16,924
  131,620

  $  116,122
10,957
  127,079

29,186
22,238
31,569
15,928
98,921

27,059
(98)
(1,599)
(4,376)
20,986
(7,378)
13,608

481
13,127
13,608

3.22
4,080

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

29,438
23,119
29,986
16,017
98,560

33,060
(86)
186
(4,920)
28,240
(9,865)
18,375

496
17,879
18,375

4.38
4,085

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

28,306
21,625
41,016
16,533
  107,480

19,599
1,780
(1,194)
(4,915)
15,270
(3,314)
11,956

2,331
9,625
11,956

2.42
3,974

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

3.21
4,086

  $ 

4.37
4,093

  $ 

2.42
3,981

40 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Years Ended December 31,
Net Income
Other Comprehensive Income, net of taxes
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges
Unrealized losses on marketable securities
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans

Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Verizon
Other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
Total Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Comprehensive income attributable to Verizon
Total Comprehensive Income

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2016
13,608

  $ 

2015
18,375

  $ 

(159)
198
(55)
2,139
2,123
–
15,731
481
15,250
15,731

  $ 

  $ 

(208)
(194)
(11)
(148)
(561)
–
17,814
496
17,318
17,814

  $ 

  $ 

(dollars in millions)

2014
11,956

  $ 

(1,199)
(197)
(5)
154
(1,247)
(23)
10,686
2,308
8,378
10,686

  $ 

  $ 

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets

At December 31,
Assets
Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents
Short-term investments
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $845 and $882
Inventories
Assets held for sale
Prepaid expenses and other

Total current assets

Plant, property and equipment

Less accumulated depreciation
Plant, property and equipment, net

Investments in unconsolidated businesses
Wireless licenses
Goodwill
Other intangible assets, net
Non- current assets held for sale
Other assets
Total assets

Liabilities and Equity
Current liabilities

Debt maturing within one year
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Liabilities related to assets held for sale
Other

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt
Employee benefit obligations
Deferred income taxes
Non- current liabilities related to assets held for sale
Other liabilities

Equity

Series preferred stock ($.10 par value; none issued)
Common stock ($.10 par value; 4,242,374,240 shares issued in each period)
Contributed capital
Reinvested earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Common stock in treasury, at cost
Deferred compensation —  employee stock ownership plans and other
Noncontrolling interests

Total equity
Total liabilities and equity

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

2016

2015

  $ 

2,880
–
17,513
1,202
882
3,918
26,395

  232,215
  147,464
84,751

1,110
86,673
27,205
8,897
613
8,536
  $  244,180

  $ 

4,470
350
13,457
1,252
792
2,034
22,355

  220,163
  136,622
83,541

796
86,575
25,331
7,592
10,267
7,718
  $  244,175

  $ 

2,645
19,593
24
8,078
30,340

  $ 

6,489
19,362
463
8,738
35,052

  105,433
26,166
45,964
6
12,239

  103,240
29,957
45,484
959
11,641

–
424
11,182
15,059
2,673
(7,263)
449
1,508
24,032
  $  244,180

–
424
11,196
11,246
550
(7,416)
428
1,414
17,842
  $  244,175

42 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Years Ended December 31,
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net Income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization expense
Employee retirement benefits
Deferred income taxes
Provision for uncollectible accounts
Equity in losses (earnings) of unconsolidated businesses, net of dividends received
Changes in current assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisition/disposition 

of businesses

Accounts receivable
Inventories
Other assets
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Other, net

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Capital expenditures (including capitalized software)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired
Acquisitions of wireless licenses
Proceeds from dispositions of wireless licenses
Proceeds from dispositions of businesses
Other, net

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from long-term borrowings
Proceeds from asset- backed long-term borrowings
Repayments of long-term borrowings and capital lease obligations
Decrease in short-term obligations, excluding current maturities
Dividends paid
Proceeds from sale of common stock
Purchase of common stock for treasury
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest
Other, net

Net cash used in financing activities

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2016

2015

2014

(dollars in millions)

  $ 

13,608

  $ 

18,375

  $ 

11,956

15,928
2,705
(1,063)
1,420
138

(5,067)
61
449
(1,079)
(4,385)
22,715

(17,059)
(3,765)
(534)
–
9,882
493
(10,983)

12,964
4,986
(19,159)
(149)
(9,262)
3
–
–
(2,705)
(13,322)

(1,590)
4,470
2,880

  $ 

16,017
(1,747)
3,516
1,610
127

(945)
(99)
942
2,545
(1,411)
38,930

(17,775)
(3,545)
(9,942)
–
48
1,171
(30,043)

6,667
–
(9,340)
(344)
(8,538)
40
(5,134)
–
1,634
(15,015)

(6,128)
10,598
4,470

  $ 

16,533
8,130
(92)
1,095
(1,743)

(2,745)
(132)
(695)
1,412
(3,088)
30,631

(17,191)
(182)
(354)
2,367
120
(616)
(15,856)

30,967
–
(17,669)
(475)
(7,803)
34
–
(58,886)
(3,873)
(57,705)

(42,930)
53,528
10,598

  $ 

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

(dollars in millions, except per share amounts, and shares in thousands)

Common Stock
Balance at beginning of year
Common shares issued (Note 2)
Balance at end of year

Contributed Capital
Balance at beginning of year
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest (Note 2)
Other
Balance at end of year

Reinvested Earnings
Balance at beginning of year
Net income attributable to Verizon
Dividends declared ($2.285, $2.23, $2.16) per share
Balance at end of year

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance at beginning of year attributable to Verizon
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges
Unrealized losses on marketable securities
Defined benefit pension and postretirement plans
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at end of year attributable to Verizon

Treasury Stock
Balance at beginning of year
Shares purchased
Employee plans (Note 14)
Shareowner plans (Note 14)
Other
Balance at end of year

Deferred  Compensation-ESOPs and Other
Balance at beginning of year
Restricted stock equity grant
Amortization
Balance at end of year

Noncontrolling Interests
Balance at beginning of year
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest (Note 2)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Other comprehensive loss
Total comprehensive income
Distributions and other
Balance at end of year
Total Equity

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

    4,242,374
–
    4,242,374

$ 

424
–
424

    4,242,374
–
    4,242,374

$ 

424
–
424

    2,967,610
    1,274,764
    4,242,374

$ 

297
127
424

  11,196
–
(14)
  11,182

  11,246
  13,127
(9,314)
  15,059

550
(159)
198
(55)
2,139
2,123
2,673

(7,416)
–
150
3
–
(7,263)

428
223
(202)
449

1,414
–
481
–
481
(387)
1,508
$  24,032

  11,155
–
41
  11,196

2,447
  17,879
(9,080)
  11,246

1,111
(208)
(194)
(11)
(148)
(561)
550

(3,263)
(5,134)
740
241
–
(7,416)

424
208
(204)
428

1,378
–
496
–
496
(460)
1,414
$  17,842

(87,410)
(104,402)
17,072
5,541
–
(169,199)

  37,939
  (26,898)
114
  11,155

1,782
9,625
(8,960)
2,447

2,358
(1,199)
(197)
(5)
154
(1,247)
1,111

(3,961)
–
541
157
–
(3,263)

421
166
(163)
424

  56,580
  (55,960)
2,331
(23)
2,308
(1,550)
1,378
$  13,676

(105,610)
–
14,132
4,105
(37)
(87,410)

(169,199)
–
3,439
70
–
(165,690)

44 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business
Verizon Communications Inc. (Verizon or the Company) is a holding 
company that, acting through its subsidiaries, is one of the world’s 
leading providers of communications, information and entertainment 
products and services to consumers, businesses and governmental 
agencies with a presence around the world. We have two reportable 
segments, Wireless and Wireline. For further information concerning 
our business segments, see Note 12.

The Wireless segment provides wireless communications services 
and products across one of the most extensive wireless networks in 
the United States (U.S.). We provide these services and equipment 
sales to consumer, business and government customers in the United 
States on a postpaid and prepaid basis.

The Wireline segment provides voice, data and video communications 
products and enhanced services, including broadband video and 
data, corporate networking solutions, data center and cloud services, 
security and managed network services and local and long distance 
voice services. We provide these products and services to consumers 
in the United States, as well as to carriers, businesses and government 
customers both in the United States and around the world.

Consolidation
The method of accounting applied to investments, whether consoli-
dated, equity or cost, involves an evaluation of all significant terms of 
the investments that explicitly grant or suggest evidence of control 
or influence over the operations of the investee. The consolidated 
financial statements include our controlled subsidiaries, as well as 
variable interest entities (VIE) where we are deemed to be the primary 
beneficiary. For controlled subsidiaries that are not  wholly-owned, the 
noncontrolling interests are included in Net income and Total equity. 
Investments in businesses which we do not control, but have the ability 
to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies, 
are accounted for using the equity method. Investments in which we 
do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating 
and financial policies are accounted for under the cost method. Equity 
and cost method investments are included in Investments in unconsol-
idated businesses in our consolidated balance sheets. All significant 
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Basis of Presentation
We have reclassified certain prior year amounts to conform to the 
current year presentation.

Use of Estimates
We prepare our financial statements using U.S. generally accepted 
accounting principles (GAAP), which requires management to make 
estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and disclo-
sures. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Examples of significant estimates include: the allowance for doubtful 
accounts, the recoverability of plant, property and equipment, the 
recoverability of intangible assets and other long-lived assets, fair 
values of financial instruments, unrecognized tax benefits, valuation 
allowances on tax assets, accrued expenses, pension and postre-
tirement benefit obligations, contingencies and the identification and 
valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with 
business combinations.

Revenue Recognition
Multiple Deliverable Arrangements
We offer products and services to our wireless and wireline customers 
through bundled arrangements. These arrangements involve multiple 
deliverables which may include products, services, or a combination of 
products and services.

Wireless
Our Wireless segment earns revenue primarily by providing access to 
and usage of its network as well as the sale of equipment. In general, 
access revenue is billed one month in advance and recognized when 
earned. Usage revenue is generally billed in arrears and recognized 
when service is rendered. Equipment sales revenue associated with 
the sale of wireless devices and accessories is generally recognized 
when the products are delivered to and accepted by the customer, as 
this is considered to be a separate earnings process from providing 
wireless services. For agreements involving the resale of third-party 
services in which we are considered the primary obligor in the 
arrangements, we record the revenue gross at the time of the sale.

Under the Verizon device payment program, our eligible wireless 
customers purchase wireless devices under a device payment plan 
agreement. On select devices, certain marketing promotions have 
been revocably offered to customers to upgrade to a new device 
after paying down a certain specified portion of the required device 
payment plan agreement amount as well as trading in their device in 
good working order. When a customer enters into a device payment 
plan agreement with the right to upgrade to a new device, we account 
for this trade-in right as a guarantee obligation. The full amount of 
the trade-in right’s fair value (not an allocated value) is recognized 
as a guarantee liability and the remaining allocable consideration 
is allocated to the device. The value of the guarantee liability effec-
tively results in a reduction to the revenue recognized for the sale of 
the device.

We may offer our customers certain promotions where a customer 
can trade-in his or her owned device in connection with the purchase 
of a new device. Under these types of promotions, the customer will 
receive trade-in credits that are applied to the customer’s monthly bill. 
As a result, we recognize a trade-in obligation measured at fair value 
using  weighted- average selling prices obtained in recent resales of 
devices eligible for trade-in.

In multiple element arrangements that bundle devices and monthly 
wireless service, revenue is allocated to each unit of accounting using 
a relative selling price method. At the inception of the arrangement, the 
amount allocable to the delivered units of accounting is limited to the 
amount that is not contingent upon the delivery of the monthly wireless 
service (the noncontingent amount). We effectively recognize revenue 
on the delivered device at the lesser of the amount allocated based 
on the relative selling price of the device or the noncontingent amount 
owed when the device is sold.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   45

Earnings Per Common Share
Basic earnings per common share are based on the  weighted- average 
number of shares outstanding during the period. Where appropriate, 
diluted earnings per common share include the dilutive effect of shares 
issuable under our stock-based compensation plans.

There were a total of approximately 6 million, 8 million and 7 million 
outstanding dilutive securities, primarily consisting of restricted stock 
units, included in the computation of diluted earnings per common 
share for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respec-
tively. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, 
there were no outstanding options to purchase shares that would have 
been anti- dilutive. Outstanding options to purchase shares that were 
not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share, 
because to do so would have been anti- dilutive for the period, were not 
significant for the year ended December 31, 2014.

On January 28, 2014, at a special meeting of our shareholders, we 
received shareholder approval to increase our authorized shares of 
common stock by 2 billion shares to an aggregate of 6.25 billion autho-
rized shares of common stock. On February 4, 2014, this authorization 
became effective. On February 21, 2014, we issued approximately 
1.27 billion shares of common stock upon completing the acquisition 
of Vodafone Group Plc’s (Vodafone) indirect 45% interest in Cellco 
Partnership d/b/a Verizon Wireless. See Note 2 for additional information.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of 90 days 
or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are 
stated at cost, which approximates quoted market value and include 
amounts held in money market funds.

Marketable Securities
We have investments in marketable securities, which are considered 
“ available-for-sale” under the provisions of the accounting standard 
for certain debt and equity securities and are included in the accom-
panying consolidated balance sheets in Short-term investments or 
Other assets. We continually evaluate our investments in marketable 
securities for impairment due to declines in market value considered to 
be other-than- temporary. That evaluation includes, in addition to per-
sistent, declining stock prices, general economic and  company- specific 
evaluations. In the event of a determination that a decline in market 
value is other-than- temporary, a charge to earnings is recorded for the 
loss and a new cost basis in the investment is established.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Wireline
Our Wireline segment earns revenue based upon usage of its network 
and facilities and contract fees. In general, fixed monthly fees for voice, 
video, data and certain other services are billed one month in advance 
and recognized when earned. Revenue from services that are not fixed 
in amount and are based on usage is generally billed in arrears and 
recognized when service is rendered.

We sell each of the services offered in bundled arrangements (i.e., 
voice, video and data), as well as separately; therefore each product 
or service has a standalone selling price. For these arrangements, 
revenue is allocated to each deliverable using a relative selling price 
method. Under this method, arrangement consideration is allocated 
to each separate deliverable based on our standalone selling price for 
each product or service. These services include Fios services, individ-
ually or in bundles, and high-speed Internet.

When we bundle equipment with maintenance and monitoring 
services, we recognize equipment revenue when the equipment is 
installed in accordance with contractual specifications and ready 
for the customer’s use. The maintenance and monitoring services 
are recognized monthly over the term of the contract as we provide 
the services.

 Installation- related fees, along with the associated costs up to but not 
exceeding these fees, are deferred and amortized over the estimated 
customer relationship period.

Other
Advertising revenues are generated through display advertising and 
search advertising. Display advertising revenue is generated by the 
display of graphical advertisements and other  performance-based 
advertising. Search advertising revenue is generated when a consumer 
clicks on a text-based advertisement on their screen. Agreements for 
advertising typically take the forms of  impression-based contracts, 
time-based contracts or  performance-based contracts. Advertising 
revenues derived from  impression-based contracts, in which we 
provide impressions in exchange for a fixed fee, are generally recog-
nized as the impressions are delivered. Advertising revenues derived 
from time-based contracts, in which we provide promotions over a 
specified time period for a fixed fee, are recognized on a  straight-line 
basis over the term of the contract, provided that we meet and will 
continue to meet our obligations under the contract. Advertising 
revenues derived from contracts where we are compensated based 
on certain performance criteria are recognized as we complete the 
contractually specified performance.

We report taxes imposed by governmental authorities on revenue- 
producing  transactions between us and our customers, which we pass 
through to our customers, on a net basis.

Maintenance and Repairs
We charge the cost of maintenance and repairs, including the cost of 
replacing minor items not constituting substantial betterments, princi-
pally to Cost of services as these costs are incurred.

Advertising Costs
Costs for advertising products and services as well as other pro-
motional and sponsorship costs are charged to Selling, general and 
administrative expense in the periods in which they are incurred 
(see Note 14).

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts receivable are recorded in the consolidated financial 
statements at cost net of an allowance for credit losses, with the 
exception of device payment plan agreement receivables which are 
initially recorded at fair value. We maintain allowances for uncollectible 
accounts receivable, including our device payment plan agreement 
receivables, for estimated losses resulting from the failure or inability 
of our customers to make required payments. Our allowance for 
uncollectible accounts receivable is based on management’s assess-
ment of the collectability of specific customer accounts and includes 
consideration of the credit worthiness and financial condition of 
those customers. We record an allowance to reduce the receivables 
to the amount that is reasonably believed to be collectible. We also 
record an allowance for all other receivables based on multiple factors 
including historical experience with bad debts, the general economic 
environment and the aging of such receivables. Similar to traditional 
service revenue accounting treatment, we record device payment plan 
agreement bad debt expense based on an estimate of the percentage 
of equipment revenue that will not be collected. This estimate is based 
on a number of factors including historical write-off experience, credit 
quality of the customer base and other factors such as macroeco-
nomic conditions. Due to the device payment plan agreement being 
incorporated in the standard Verizon Wireless bill, the collection and 
risk strategies continue to follow historical practices. We monitor 
the aging of our accounts with device payment plan agreement 
receivables and write-off account balances if collection efforts are 
unsuccessful and future collection is unlikely.

Inventories
Inventory consists of wireless and wireline equipment held for sale, 
which is carried at the lower of cost (determined principally on either 
an average cost or first-in, first-out basis) or market.

Plant and Depreciation
We record plant, property and equipment at cost. Plant, property and 
equipment are generally depreciated on a  straight-line basis.

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the 
estimated life of the improvement or the remaining term of the related 
lease, calculated from the time the asset was placed in service.

When depreciable assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the 
related cost and accumulated depreciation are deducted from the 
plant accounts and any gains or losses on disposition are recognized 
in income.

We capitalize and depreciate network software purchased 
or developed along with related plant assets. We also capi-
talize interest associated with the acquisition or construction of 
 network- related assets. Capitalized interest is reported as a reduction 
in interest expense and depreciated as part of the cost of the 
 network- related assets.

In connection with our ongoing review of the estimated useful lives 
of plant, property and equipment during 2016, we determined that 
the average useful lives of certain leasehold improvements would 
be increased from 5 to 7 years. This change resulted in a decrease 
to depreciation expense of $0.2 billion in 2016. We determined that 
changes were also necessary to the remaining estimated useful lives 
of certain assets as a result of technology upgrades, enhancements, 
and planned retirements. These changes resulted in an increase in 
depreciation expense of $0.3 billion, $0.4 billion and $0.6 billion in 
2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. While the timing and extent of 

current deployment plans are subject to ongoing analysis and modifi-
cation, we believe the current estimates of useful lives are reasonable.

Computer Software Costs
We capitalize the cost of  internal-use network and non- network 
software that has a useful life in excess of one year. Subsequent 
additions, modifications or upgrades to  internal-use network and 
non- network software are capitalized only to the extent that they allow 
the software to perform a task it previously did not perform. Planning, 
software maintenance and training costs are expensed in the period 
in which they are incurred. Also, we capitalize interest associated with 
the development of  internal-use network and non- network software. 
Capitalized non- network  internal-use software costs are amortized 
using the  straight-line method over a period of 3 to 8 years and are 
included in Other intangible assets, net in our consolidated balance 
sheets. For a discussion of our impairment policy for capitalized 
software costs, see “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” below. 
Also, see Note 3 for additional detail of  internal-use non- network 
software reflected in our consolidated balance sheets.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Goodwill is the excess of the acquisition cost of businesses over the 
fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Impairment testing 
for goodwill is performed annually in the fourth fiscal quarter or 
more frequently if impairment indicators are present. To determine if 
goodwill is potentially impaired, we have the option to perform a qual-
itative assessment. However, we may elect to bypass the qualitative 
assessment and perform an impairment test even if no indications of 
a potential impairment exist. The impairment test for goodwill uses a 
two-step approach, which is performed at the reporting unit level. Step 
one, performed to identify potential impairment, compares the fair 
value of the reporting unit (calculated using a market approach and/
or a discounted cash flow method) to its carrying value. If the carrying 
value exceeds the fair value, there is a potential impairment and step 
two must be performed to measure the amount of the impairment 
charge. Step two compares the carrying value of the reporting unit’s 
goodwill to its implied fair value (i.e., fair value of reporting unit less 
the fair value of the unit’s assets and liabilities, including identifiable 
intangible assets). If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the 
carrying amount of goodwill, an impairment charge is recognized. 
Our assessments in 2016, 2015 and 2014 indicated that the fair value 
of each of our reporting units exceeded their carrying value and 
therefore, did not result in an impairment.

Intangible Assets Not Subject to Amortization
A significant portion of our intangible assets are wireless licenses that 
provide our wireless operations with the exclusive right to utilize des-
ignated radio frequency spectrum to provide wireless communication 
services. While licenses are issued for only a fixed time, generally 
ten years, such licenses are subject to renewal by the Federal 
Communications Commission (FCC). License renewals have occurred 
routinely and at nominal cost. Moreover, we have determined that there 
are currently no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic 
or other factors that limit the useful life of our wireless licenses. As a 
result, we treat the wireless licenses as an  indefinite-lived intangible 
asset. We re- evaluate the useful life determination for wireless licenses 
each year to determine whether events and circumstances continue 
to support an indefinite useful life. We aggregate our wireless licenses 
into one single unit of accounting, as we utilize our wireless licenses on 
an integrated basis as part of our nationwide wireless network.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

We test our wireless licenses for potential impairment annually or more 
frequently if impairment indicators are present. We have the option 
to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is 
necessary to perform a quantitative impairment test. However, we may 
elect to bypass the qualitative assessment in any period and proceed 
directly to performing the quantitative impairment test. In 2016 and 
2014, we performed a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is 
more likely than not that the fair value of our wireless licenses was less 
than the carrying amount. As part of our assessment, we considered 
several qualitative factors including the business enterprise value of our 
Wireless segment, macroeconomic conditions (including changes in 
interest rates and discount rates), industry and market considerations 
(including industry revenue and EBITDA (Earnings before interest, 
taxes, depreciation and amortization) margin projections), the projected 
financial performance of our Wireless segment, as well as other factors. 
The most recent quantitative assessments of our wireless licenses 
occurred in 2015. Our quantitative assessment consisted of comparing 
the estimated fair value of our aggregate wireless licenses to the 
aggregated carrying amount as of the test date. Using a quantitative 
assessment, we estimated the fair value of our aggregate wireless 
licenses using the Greenfield approach. The Greenfield approach is 
an income based valuation approach that values the wireless licenses 
by calculating the cash flow generating potential of a hypothetical 
start-up company that goes into business with no assets except the 
wireless licenses to be valued. A discounted cash flow analysis is used 
to estimate what a marketplace participant would be willing to pay to 
purchase the aggregated wireless licenses as of the valuation date. 
If the estimated fair value of the aggregated wireless licenses is less 
than the aggregated carrying amount of the wireless licenses then an 
impairment charge is recognized. Our assessments in 2016, 2015 and 
2014 indicated that the fair value of our wireless licenses exceeded the 
carrying value and, therefore, did not result in an impairment. 

Interest expense incurred while qualifying activities are performed to 
ready wireless licenses for their intended use is capitalized as part of 
wireless licenses. The capitalization period ends when the develop-
ment is discontinued or substantially complete and the license is ready 
for its intended use.

Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization and Long-Lived Assets
Our intangible assets that do not have indefinite lives (primarily 
customer lists and non- network  internal-use software) are amortized 
over their estimated useful lives. All of our intangible assets subject 
to amortization and long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the 
carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. If any indica-
tions were present, we would test for recoverability by comparing the 
carrying amount of the asset group to the net undiscounted cash flows 
expected to be generated from the asset group. If those net undis-
counted cash flows do not exceed the carrying amount, we would 
perform the next step, which is to determine the fair value of the asset 
and record an impairment, if any. We re- evaluate the useful life deter-
minations for these intangible assets each year to determine whether 
events and circumstances warrant a revision to their remaining 
useful lives.

For information related to the carrying amount of goodwill, wireless 
licenses and other intangible assets, as well as the major components 
and average useful lives of our other acquired intangible assets, 
see Note 3.

Fair Value Measurements
Fair value of financial and non- financial assets and liabilities is defined 
as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to 
sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction 
between market participants. The three-tier hierarchy for inputs used 
in measuring fair value, which prioritizes the inputs used in the method-
ologies of measuring fair value for assets and liabilities, is as follows:

Level 1 —    Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or 

liabilities

Level 2 —  Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active 
markets for identical assets and liabilities

Level 3 —   No observable pricing inputs in the market

Financial assets and financial liabilities are classified in their entirety 
based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value 
measurements. Our assessment of the significance of a particular 
input to the fair value measurements requires judgment, and may 
affect the valuation of the assets and liabilities being measured and 
their categorization within the fair value hierarchy.

Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate is based on pre-tax income, statutory tax rates, 
tax laws and regulations and tax planning strategies available to us in 
the various jurisdictions in which we operate.

Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences in the 
basis between financial statement and income tax assets and liabili-
ties. Deferred income taxes are recalculated annually at tax rates then 
in effect. We record valuation allowances to reduce our deferred tax 
assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

We use a two-step approach for recognizing and measuring tax 
benefits taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The first step 
is recognition: we determine whether it is more likely than not that a 
tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution 
of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical 
merits of the position. In evaluating whether a tax position has met 
the more- likely-than-not recognition threshold, we presume that the 
position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority that has 
full knowledge of all relevant information. The second step is measure-
ment: a tax position that meets the more- likely-than-not recognition 
threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to recognize 
in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest 
amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized 
upon ultimate settlement. Differences between tax positions taken in 
a tax return and amounts recognized in the financial statements will 
generally result in one or more of the following: an increase in a liability 
for income taxes payable, a reduction of an income tax refund receiv-
able, a reduction in a deferred tax asset or an increase in a deferred 
tax liability.

Significant management judgment is required in evaluating our tax 
positions and in determining our effective tax rate.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Stock-Based Compensation
We measure and recognize compensation expense for all stock-based 
compensation awards made to employees and directors based on 
estimated fair values. See Note 9 for further details.

Foreign Currency Translation
The functional currency of our foreign operations is generally the local 
currency. For these foreign entities, we translate income statement 
amounts at average exchange rates for the period, and we translate 
assets and liabilities at end-of- period exchange rates. We record 
these translation adjustments in Accumulated other comprehensive 
income, a separate component of Equity, in our consolidated balance 
sheets. We report exchange gains and losses on intercompany 
foreign currency transactions of a long-term nature in Accumulated 
other comprehensive income. Other exchange gains and losses are 
reported in income.

Employee Benefit Plans
Pension and postretirement health care and life insurance benefits 
earned during the year as well as interest on projected benefit 
obligations are accrued currently. Prior service costs and credits 
resulting from changes in plan benefits are generally amortized over 
the average remaining service period of the employees expected to 
receive benefits. Expected return on plan assets is determined by 
applying the return on assets assumption to the actual fair value of plan 
assets. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in operating results 
in the year in which they occur. These gains and losses are measured 
annually as of December 31 or upon a remeasurement event. Verizon 
management employees no longer earn pension benefits or earn 
service towards the company retiree medical subsidy (see Note 10).

We recognize a pension or a postretirement plan’s funded status as 
either an asset or liability on the consolidated balance sheets. Also, we 
measure any unrecognized prior service costs and credits that arise 
during the period as a component of Accumulated other comprehen-
sive income, net of applicable income tax.

Derivative Instruments
We enter into derivative transactions primarily to manage our exposure 
to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. 
We employ risk management strategies, which may include the use 
of a variety of derivatives including cross currency swaps, foreign 
currency and prepaid forwards and collars, interest rate swap agree-
ments and interest rate caps. We do not hold derivatives for trading 
purposes. See Note 8.

We measure all derivatives at fair value and recognize them as 
either assets or liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets. Our 
derivative instruments are valued primarily using models based on 
readily observable market parameters for all substantial terms of our 
derivative contracts and thus are classified as Level 2. Changes in 
the fair values of derivative instruments not qualifying as hedges or 
any ineffective portion of hedges are recognized in earnings in the 
current period. Changes in the fair values of derivative instruments 
used effectively as fair value hedges are recognized in earnings, along 
with changes in the fair value of the hedged item. Changes in the fair 
value of the effective portions of cash flow hedges are reported in 
Other comprehensive income (loss) and recognized in earnings when 
the hedged item is recognized in earnings. Changes in the fair value of 
the effective portion of net investment hedges of certain of our foreign 
operations are reported in Other comprehensive income (loss) as part 
of the cumulative translation adjustment and partially offset the impact 
of foreign currency changes on the value of our net investment.

Variable Interest Entities
VIEs are entities which lack sufficient equity to permit the entity to 
finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support 
from other parties, have equity investors which do not have the ability 
to make significant decisions relating to the entity’s operations through 
voting rights, do not have the obligation to absorb the expected losses, 
or do not have the right to receive the residual returns of the entity. We 
consolidate the assets and liabilities of VIEs when we are deemed to 
be the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party which 
has the power to make the decisions that most significantly affect the 
economic performance of the VIE and has the obligation to absorb 
losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be signifi-
cant to the VIE.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
During the first quarter of 2016, we adopted the accounting 
standard update related to the simplification of the accounting 
for  measurement- period adjustments in business combina-
tions. This standard update requires an acquirer to recognize 
 measurement- period adjustments in the reporting period in which the 
adjustments are determined and to record the effects on earnings 
of any changes resulting from the change in provisional amounts, 
calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition 
date. The prospective adoption of this standard update did not have a 
significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

During the first quarter of 2016, we adopted the accounting standard 
update related to disclosures for investments in certain entities that 
calculate net asset value (NAV) per share. This standard update 
removes the requirement to categorize within the fair value hierarchy 
all investments for which fair value is measured using the NAV per 
share practical expedient. The standard update limits the required 
disclosures to investments for which the entity has elected to measure 
the fair value using the practical expedient. The retrospective adoption 
of this standard update impacted our presentation of pension and 
other postretirement benefit plan assets in the notes to the con-
solidated financial statements but did not have an impact on the 
measurement of the assets.

During the first quarter of 2016, we adopted the accounting standard 
update related to the simplification of the presentation of debt issuance 
costs. This standard update requires that debt issuance costs related 
to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a 
direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability. During 
the first quarter of 2016, we also adopted the accounting standard 
update related to the presentation and subsequent measurement of 
debt issuance costs associated with line-of- credit arrangements. This 
standard adds Securities and Exchange Commision (SEC) paragraphs 
pursuant to an SEC Staff Announcement that the SEC staff would not 
object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs asso-
ciated with a line-of- credit arrangement as an asset and subsequently 
amortizing the costs ratably over the term of the arrangement. We 
applied the amendments in these accounting standard updates ret-
rospectively to all periods presented. The adoption of these standard 
updates did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial 
statements.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

During the first quarter of 2016, we adopted the accounting standard 
update related to the accounting for share-based payments when 
the terms of an award provide that a performance target could be 
achieved after the requisite service period. The standard requires that 
a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved 
after the requisite service period be treated as a performance 
condition. The prospective adoption of this standard update did not 
have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

During the second quarter of 2016, we prospectively changed our 
method for determining the date at which we remeasure plan assets 
and obligations as a result of a significant event during an interim 
period in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 
2015-04, Compensation —  Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Practical 
Expedient for the Measurement Date of an Employer’s Defined Benefit 
Obligation and Plan Assets. As a practical expedient, we elected to 
remeasure defined benefit plan assets and obligations using the 
month-end that is closest to the date of the significant event. While 
this standard update may impact the amounts recognized in an interim 
period as the result of a remeasurement, the adoption of this standard 
update did not impact our annual consolidated financial statements 
as the employee benefit obligations are measured annually as of 
December 31.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In January 2017, the accounting standard update related to the sim-
plification of the accounting for goodwill impairment was issued. The 
amendments in this update eliminate the requirement to perform step 
two of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical 
purchase price allocation when an impairment is determined to have 
occurred. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a 
reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the 
carrying amount of goodwill. This standard update is effective as of 
the first quarter of 2020; however, early adoption is permitted for any 
interim or annual impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. 
Verizon expects to early adopt this standard as of January 1, 2017. The 
prospective adoption of this standard update is not expected to have a 
significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the accounting standard update related to the clas-
sification and presentation of changes in restricted cash was issued. 
The amendments in this update require that cash and cash equivalent 
balances in a statement of cash flows include those amounts deemed 
to be restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. This standard 
update is effective as of the first quarter of 2018; however, early 
adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that this 
standard update will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the accounting standard update related to the classi-
fication of certain cash receipts and cash payments was issued. This 
standard update addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the 
objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice for these issues. 
Among the updates, this standard update requires cash receipts from 
payments on a transferor’s beneficial interests in securitized trade 
receivables to be classified as cash inflows from investing activities. 
This standard update is effective as of the first quarter of 2018; 
however, early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the 
impact that this standard update will have on our consolidated financial 
statements. We expect the amendment relating to beneficial interests 

in securitization transactions will have an impact on our presentation 
of collections of the deferred purchase price from sales of wireless 
device payment plan agreement receivables in our consolidated 
statements of cash flows. Upon adoption of this standard update in the 
first quarter of 2018, we expect to retrospectively reclassify approxi-
mately $1.1 billion of collections of deferred purchase price related to 
collections from customers for the year ended December 31, 2016 
from Cash flows from operating activities to Cash flows from investing 
activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

In June 2016, the standard update related to the measurement of credit 
losses on financial instruments was issued. This standard update 
requires that certain financial assets be measured at amortized cost 
reflecting an allowance for estimated credit losses expected to occur 
over the life of the assets. The estimate of credit losses must be based 
on all relevant information including historical information, current 
conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the 
collectability of the amounts. This standard update is effective as of 
the first quarter of 2020; however early adoption is permitted. We are 
currently evaluating the impact that this standard update will have on 
our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the accounting standard update related to employee 
share-based payment accounting was issued. This standard update 
intends to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based 
payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classi-
fication of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the 
statement of cash flows. This standard update is effective as of the first 
quarter of 2017. The retrospective adoption of this standard update 
is not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated 
financial statements.

In February 2016, the accounting standard update related to leases 
was issued. This standard update intends to increase transparency 
and improve comparability by requiring entities to recognize assets 
and liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases, with certain excep-
tions. In addition, through improved disclosure requirements, the 
standard update will enable users of financial statements to further 
understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising 
from leases. This standard update is effective as of the first quarter of 
2019; however, early adoption is permitted. Verizon’s current operating 
lease portfolio is primarily comprised of network, real estate, and 
equipment leases. Upon adoption of this standard, we expect our 
balance sheet to include a right of use asset and liability related to 
substantially all operating lease arrangements. We have established a 
cross- functional coordinated implementation team to implement the 
standard update related to leases. We are in the process of assessing 
the impact to our systems, processes and internal controls to meet the 
standard update’s reporting and disclosure requirements.

In May 2014, the accounting standard update related to the recognition 
of revenue from contracts with customers was issued. This standard 
update along with related subsequently issued updates clarifies the 
principles for recognizing revenue and develops a common revenue 
standard for U.S. GAAP. The standard update also amends current 
guidance for the recognition of costs to obtain and fulfill contracts with 
customers such that incremental costs of obtaining and direct costs of 
fulfilling contracts with customers will be deferred and amortized con-
sistent with the transfer of the related good or service. The standard 
update intends to provide a more robust framework for addressing 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

revenue issues; improve comparability of revenue recognition 
practices across entities, industries, jurisdictions, and capital markets; 
and provide more useful information to users of financial statements 
through improved disclosure requirements. The two permitted 
transition methods under the new standard are the full retrospective 
method, in which case the standard would be applied to each prior 
reporting period presented and the cumulative effect of applying the 
standard would be recognized at the earliest period shown, or the 
modified retrospective method, in which case the standard is applied 
only to the most current period presented and the cumulative effect of 
applying the standard would be recognized at the date of initial appli-
cation. In August 2015, an accounting standard update was issued that 
delayed the effective date of this standard until the first quarter of 2018, 
at which time we plan to adopt the standard.

We are in process of evaluating the impact of the standard update. The 
ultimate impact on revenue resulting from the application of the new 
standard will be subject to assessments that are dependent on many 
variables, including, but not limited to, the terms of our contractual 
arrangements and our mix of business. Upon adoption, we expect 
that the allocation of revenue between equipment and service for our 
wireless fixed-term service plans will result in more revenue allocated 
to equipment and recognized earlier as compared with current GAAP. 
We expect the timing of recognition of our sales commission expenses 
will also be impacted, as a substantial portion of these costs (which 
are currently expensed) will be capitalized and amortized as described 
above. In 2016, total sales commission expenses were approximately 
$4.2 billion. In 2017, we expect total sales commission expenses 
to decline as our wireless customers continue to migrate from our 
fixed-term service plans to device payment plans which have lower 
commission structures. We continue to evaluate the available transi-
tion methods. Our considerations include, but are not limited to, the 
comparability of our financial statements and the comparability within 
our industry from application of the new standard to our contractual 
arrangements. We plan to select a transition method by the second 
half of 2017.

We have established a cross- functional coordinated implementation 
team to implement the standard update related to the recognition of 
revenue from contracts with customers. We have identified and are in 
the process of implementing changes to our systems, processes and 
internal controls to meet the standard update’s reporting and disclo-
sure requirements.

Note 2
Acquisitions and Divestitures

Wireless
Wireless Transaction
On September 2, 2013, Verizon entered into a stock purchase 
agreement (the Stock Purchase Agreement) with Vodafone and 
Vodafone 4 Limited (Seller), pursuant to which Verizon agreed to 
acquire Vodafone’s indirect 45% interest in Cellco Partnership d/b/a 
Verizon Wireless (the Partnership, and such interest, the Vodafone 
Interest) for aggregate consideration of approximately $130 billion.

On February 21, 2014, pursuant to the terms and subject to the con-
ditions set forth in the Stock Purchase Agreement, Verizon acquired 
(the Wireless Transaction) from Seller all of the issued and outstanding 
capital stock (the Transferred Shares) of Vodafone Americas Finance 1 
Inc., a subsidiary of Seller (VF1 Inc.), which indirectly through certain 

subsidiaries (together with VF1 Inc., the Purchased Entities) owned 
the Vodafone Interest. In consideration for the Transferred Shares, 
upon completion of the Wireless Transaction, Verizon (i) paid approx-
imately $58.89 billion in cash, (ii) issued approximately 1.27 billion 
shares of Verizon’s common stock, par value $0.10 per share, 
which was valued at approximately $61.3 billion at the closing of the 
Wireless Transaction, (iii) issued senior unsecured Verizon notes in an 
aggregate principal amount of $5.0 billion (the Verizon Notes), (iv) sold 
Verizon’s indirectly owned 23.1% interest in Vodafone Omnitel N.V. 
(Omnitel, and such interest, the Omnitel Interest), valued at $3.5 billion 
and (v) provided other consideration, which included the assumption of 
preferred stock valued at approximately $1.7 billion. The total cash paid 
to Vodafone and the other costs of the Wireless Transaction, including 
financing, legal and bank fees, were financed through the incurrence of 
third-party indebtedness.

In accordance with the accounting standard on consolidation, a 
change in a parent’s ownership interest while the parent retains a con-
trolling financial interest in its subsidiary is accounted for as an equity 
transaction and remeasurement of assets and liabilities of previously 
controlled and consolidated subsidiaries is not permitted. As a result, 
we accounted for the Wireless Transaction by adjusting the carrying 
amount of the noncontrolling interest to reflect the change in Verizon’s 
ownership interest in the Partnership. Any difference between the fair 
value of the consideration paid and the amount by which the noncon-
trolling interest is adjusted has been recognized in equity attributable 
to Verizon.

Omnitel Transaction
On February 21, 2014, Verizon and Vodafone also consummated the 
sale of the Omnitel Interest (the Omnitel Transaction) by a subsidiary 
of Verizon to a subsidiary of Vodafone in connection with the Wireless 
Transaction pursuant to a separate share purchase agreement. As a 
result, during 2014, we recognized a pre-tax gain of $1.9 billion on the 
disposal of the Omnitel interest in Equity in (losses) earnings of uncon-
solidated businesses on our consolidated statement of income.

Verizon Notes (Non-Cash Transaction)
The Verizon Notes were issued pursuant to Verizon’s existing 
indenture. The Verizon Notes were issued in two separate series, with 
$2.5 billion due February 21, 2022 (the eight-year Verizon Notes) and 
$2.5 billion due February 21, 2025 (the  eleven-year Verizon Notes). 
The Verizon Notes bear interest at a floating rate, which will be reset 
quarterly, with interest payable quarterly in arrears, beginning May 21, 
2014. The eight-year Verizon notes bear interest at a floating rate equal 
to the three-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), plus 
1.222%, and the  eleven-year Verizon notes bear interest at a floating 
rate equal to the three-month LIBOR, plus 1.372%. On December 7, 
2016, we redeemed the eight-year Verizon Notes (see Note 6 for addi-
tional details).

Other Consideration (Non-Cash Transaction)
Included in the other consideration provided to Vodafone is the 
indirect assumption of long-term obligations with respect to 5.143% 
Class D and Class E cumulative preferred stock issued by one of 
the Purchased Entities. Both the Class D shares (825,000 shares 
outstanding) and Class E shares (825,000 shares outstanding) are 
mandatorily redeemable in April 2020 at $1,000 per share plus any 
accrued and unpaid dividends. Dividends accrue at 5.143% per annum 
and will be treated as interest expense. Both the Class D and Class E 
shares have been classified as liability instruments and were recorded 
at fair value as determined at the closing of the Wireless Transaction.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Deferred Tax Liabilities
Certain deferred taxes directly attributable to the Wireless Transaction 
have been calculated based on an analysis of taxes attributable to 
the difference between the tax basis of the investment in the noncon-
trolling interest that is assumed compared to Verizon’s book basis. 
As a result, Verizon recorded a deferred tax liability of approximately 
$13.5 billion.

Spectrum License Transactions
Since 2014, we have entered into several strategic spectrum transac-
tions including:

 • During the second quarter of 2014, we completed license exchange 
transactions with T- Mobile USA, Inc. (T- Mobile USA) to exchange 
certain Advanced Wireless Services (AWS) and Personal 
Communication Services (PCS) licenses. The exchange included 
a number of swaps that we expect will result in more efficient use 
of the AWS and PCS bands. As a result of these exchanges, we 
received $0.9 billion of AWS and PCS spectrum licenses at fair 
value and we recorded an immaterial gain.

 • During the second quarter of 2014, we completed transactions 
pursuant to two additional agreements with T- Mobile USA with 
respect to our remaining 700 MHz A block spectrum licenses. 
Under one agreement, we sold certain of these licenses to 
T- Mobile USA in exchange for cash consideration of approximately 
$2.4 billion, and under the second agreement we exchanged the 
remainder of our 700 MHz A block spectrum licenses as well as 
AWS and PCS spectrum licenses for AWS and PCS spectrum 
licenses. As a result, we received $1.6 billion of AWS and PCS 
spectrum licenses at fair value and we recorded a pre-tax gain of 
approximately $0.7 billion in Selling, general and administrative 
expense on our consolidated statement of income for the year 
ended December 31, 2014.

 • During the third quarter of 2014, we entered into a license exchange 
agreement with affiliates of AT&T Inc. (AT&T) to exchange certain 
AWS and PCS spectrum licenses. This non-cash exchange was 
completed in January 2015 at which time we recorded an immate-
rial gain.

 • On January 29, 2015, the FCC completed an auction of 65 MHz 
of spectrum, which it identified as the AWS-3 band. Verizon par-
ticipated in that auction and was the high bidder on 181 spectrum 
licenses, for which we paid cash of approximately $10.4 billion. 
During the fourth quarter of 2014, we made a deposit of $0.9 billion 
related to our participation in this auction which is classified within 
Other, net investing activities on our consolidated statement of cash 
flows for the year ended December 31, 2014. During the first quarter 
of 2015, we submitted an application to the FCC and paid $9.5 billion 
to the FCC to complete payment for these licenses. The cash 
payment of $9.5 billion is classified within Acquisitions of wireless 
licenses on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the year 
ended December 31, 2015. On April 8, 2015, the FCC granted us 
these spectrum licenses.

 • During the fourth quarter of 2015, we completed a license exchange 
transaction with an affiliate of T- Mobile USA to exchange certain 
AWS and PCS spectrum licenses. As a result we received 
$0.4 billion of AWS and PCS spectrum licenses at fair value and 
recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately $0.3 billion in Selling, 
general and administrative expense on our consolidated statement 
of income for the year ended December 31, 2015.

 • During the fourth quarter of 2015, we entered into a license 

exchange agreement with affiliates of AT&T to exchange certain 
AWS and PCS spectrum licenses. This non-cash exchange was 
completed in March 2016. As a result, we received $0.4 billion 
of AWS and PCS spectrum licenses at fair value and recorded a 
pre-tax gain of $0.1 billion in Selling, general and administrative 
expense on our consolidated statement of income for the year 
ended December 31, 2016.

 • During the first quarter of 2016, we entered into a license exchange 
agreement with affiliates of Sprint Corporation, which provides for 
the exchange of certain AWS and PCS spectrum licenses. This 
non-cash exchange was completed in September 2016. As a result, 
we received $0.3 billion of AWS and PCS spectrum licenses at fair 
value and recorded an immaterial gain in Selling, general and admin-
istrative expense on our consolidated statement of income for the 
year ended December 31, 2016.

 • During the fourth quarter of 2016, we entered into a license 

exchange agreement with affiliates of AT&T to exchange certain 
AWS and PCS spectrum licenses. As a result of this agreement, 
$0.9 billion of Wireless licenses are classified as held for sale on our 
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016. This non-cash 
exchange was completed in February 2017. We expect to record a 
gain on this transaction in the first quarter of 2017.

Tower Monetization Transaction
During March 2015, we completed a transaction with American Tower 
Corporation (American Tower) pursuant to which American Tower 
acquired the exclusive rights to lease and operate approximately 
11,300 of our wireless towers for an upfront payment of $5.0 billion. 
Under the terms of the leases, American Tower has exclusive rights to 
lease and operate the towers over an average term of approximately 
28 years. As the leases expire, American Tower has fixed-price 
purchase options to acquire these towers based on their anticipated 
fair market values at the end of the lease terms. As part of this trans-
action, we also sold 162 towers for $0.1 billion. We have subleased 
capacity on the towers from American Tower for a minimum of 10 
years at current market rates, with options to renew. The upfront 
payment, including the towers sold, which is primarily included within 
Other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet, is accounted for as 
deferred rent and as a financing obligation. The $2.4 billion accounted 
for as deferred rent, which is presented within Other, net cash flows 
provided by operating activities, relates to the portion of the towers 
for which the right-of-use has passed to the tower operator. The 
$2.7 billion accounted for as a financing obligation, which is presented 
within Other, net cash flows used in financing activities, relates to the 
portion of the towers that we continue to occupy and use for network 
operations. See Note 5 for additional information.

Other
During 2016, 2015, and 2014, we acquired various other wireless 
licenses and markets for cash consideration that was not significant.

52 

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The acquisition of XO Holdings’ wireline business will be accounted for 
as a business combination. While we have commenced the appraisals 
necessary to identify the tangible and intangible assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed and the amount of goodwill to be recognized as of 
the acquisition date, the initial identification of the assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed is not yet available.

Data Center Sale
On December 6, 2016, we entered into a definitive agreement 
with Equinix, Inc. (Equinix) pursuant to which Verizon will sell 24 
 customer- facing data center sites in the United States and Latin 
America, for approximately $3.6 billion, subject to certain adjustments. 
The sale does not affect Verizon’s data center services delivered from 
27 sites in Europe, Asia- Pacific and Canada, or its managed hosting 
and cloud offerings.

We plan to account for a portion of the transaction, consisting of the 
data center buildings, land and related assets, as a sale of real estate. 
The real estate assets to be sold of $0.7 billion are currently included in 
Verizon’s continuing operations and classified as held and used within 
Plant, property and equipment, net on our consolidated balance sheet 
at December 31, 2016. The non-real estate assets and liabilities that will 
be sold are currently included in Verizon’s continuing operations and 
classified as assets held for sale and liabilities related to assets held for 
sale on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016. At 
December 31, 2016, assets to be sold classified as Non- current assets 
held for sale of $0.6 billion were principally comprised of goodwill, 
plant, property and equipment and other intangible assets. The 
transaction is subject to customary regulatory approvals and closing 
conditions, and is expected to close during the first half of 2017.

Other
On July 1, 2014, we sold a non- strategic Wireline business that provides 
communications solutions to a variety of government agencies for net 
cash proceeds of $0.1 billion and recorded an immaterial gain.

During the fourth quarter of 2015, we completed a sale of real estate 
for which we received total gross proceeds of $0.2 billion and recog-
nized an immaterial deferred gain. The proceeds received as a result 
of this transaction have been classified within Cash flows used in 
investing activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the 
year ended December 31, 2015.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Wireline
Access Line Sale
On February 5, 2015, we entered into a definitive agreement with 
Frontier Communications Corporation (Frontier) pursuant to which 
Verizon sold its local exchange business and related landline activities 
in California, Florida and Texas, including Fios Internet and video 
customers, switched and special access lines and high-speed Internet 
service and long distance voice accounts in these three states, for 
approximately $10.5 billion (approximately $7.3 billion net of income 
taxes), subject to certain adjustments and including the assumption 
of $0.6 billion of indebtedness from Verizon by Frontier (Access Line 
Sale). The transaction, which included the acquisition by Frontier of the 
equity interests of Verizon’s incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs) 
in California, Florida and Texas, did not involve any assets or liabilities 
of Verizon Wireless. The transaction closed on April 1, 2016.

The transaction resulted in Frontier acquiring approximately 3.3 million 
voice connections, 1.6 million Fios Internet subscribers, 1.2 million 
Fios video subscribers and the related ILEC businesses from Verizon. 
For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, these busi-
nesses generated revenues of approximately $1.3 billion, $5.3 billion 
and $5.4 billion, respectively, and operating income of $0.7 billion, 
$2.8 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively, for Verizon. The operating 
results of these businesses are excluded from our Wireline segment 
for all periods presented to reflect comparable segment operating 
results consistent with the information regularly reviewed by our chief 
operating decision maker.

During April 2016, Verizon used the net cash proceeds received of 
$9.9 billion to reduce its consolidated indebtedness (see Note 6). The 
assets and liabilities that were sold were included in Verizon’s con-
tinuing operations and classified as assets held for sale and liabilities 
related to assets held for sale on our consolidated balance sheets 
through the completion of the transaction on April 1, 2016. As a result 
of the closing of the transaction, we derecognized plant, property, and 
equipment of $9.0 billion, goodwill of $1.3 billion, $0.7 billion of defined 
benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plan obligations and 
$0.6 billion of indebtedness assumed by Frontier.

We recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately $1.0 billion in Selling, 
general and administrative expense on our consolidated statement 
of income for the year ended December 31, 2016. The pre-tax gain 
included a $0.5 billion pension and postretirement benefit curtailment 
gain due to the elimination of the accrual of pension and other postre-
tirement benefits for some or all future services of a significant number 
of employees covered by three of our defined benefit pension plans 
and one of our other postretirement benefit plans.

XO Holdings
On February 20, 2016, we entered into a purchase agreement to 
acquire XO Holdings’ wireline business, which owns and operates one 
of the largest fiber-based Internet Protocol (IP) and Ethernet networks, 
for approximately $1.8 billion, subject to adjustment. We completed 
the acquisition on February 1, 2017. Separately, we entered into an 
agreement to lease certain wireless spectrum from a  wholly-owned 
subsidiary of XO Holdings that holds its wireless spectrum. Verizon 
has an option, exercisable under certain circumstances, to buy that 
subsidiary.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Other
Acquisition of AOL Inc.
On May 12, 2015, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger 
(the Merger Agreement) with AOL Inc. (AOL) pursuant to which we 
commenced a tender offer to acquire all of the outstanding shares of 
common stock of AOL at a price of $50.00 per share, net to the seller 
in cash, without interest and less any applicable withholding taxes.

On June 23, 2015, we completed the tender offer and merger, and 
AOL became a  wholly-owned subsidiary of Verizon. The aggregate 
cash consideration paid by Verizon at the closing of these transactions 
was approximately $3.8 billion. Holders of approximately 6.6 million 
shares exercised appraisal rights under Delaware law. If they had 
not exercised these rights, Verizon would have paid an additional 
$330 million for such shares at the closing.

AOL is a leader in the digital content and advertising platform space. 
Verizon has been investing in emerging technology that taps into the 
market shift to digital content and advertising. AOL’s business model 
aligns with this approach, and we believe that its combination of owned 
and operated content properties plus a digital advertising platform 
enhances our ability to further develop future revenue streams.

The acquisition of AOL has been accounted for as a business 
combination. The identification of the assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed are finalized. The fair values of the assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed were determined using the income, cost and 
market approaches. The fair value measurements were primarily 
based on significant inputs that are not observable in the market 
and thus represent a Level 3 measurement as defined in Accounting 
Standards Codification (ASC) 820, other than long-term debt assumed 
in the acquisition. The income approach was primarily used to value 
the intangible assets, consisting primarily of acquired technology 
and customer relationships. The income approach indicates value 
for an asset based on the present value of cash flow projected to 
be generated by the asset. Projected cash flow is discounted at a 
required rate of return that reflects the relative risk of achieving the 
cash flow and the time value of money. The cost approach, which 
estimates value by determining the current cost of replacing an asset 
with another of equivalent economic utility, was used, as appropriate, 
for plant, property and equipment. The cost to replace a given asset 
reflects the estimated reproduction or replacement cost for the 
property, less an allowance for loss in value due to depreciation.

The following table summarizes the consideration to AOL’s share-
holders and the identification of the assets acquired, including cash 
acquired of $0.5 billion, and liabilities assumed as of the close of the 
acquisition, as well as the fair value at the acquisition date of AOL’s 
noncontrolling interests:

(dollars in millions)

Cash payment to AOL’s equity holders
Estimated liabilities to be paid(1)

Total consideration

Assets acquired:

Goodwill
Intangible assets subject to amortization
Other

Total assets acquired

Liabilities assumed:
Total liabilities assumed

Net assets acquired:

Noncontrolling interest

Total consideration

As of June 23, 2015
  $  3,764
377
  $  4,141

  $  1,938
  2,504
  1,551
  5,993

  1,851

  4,142
(1)
  $  4,141

(1)   During the year ended December 31, 2016, we made cash payments of $179 million in 

respect of  acquisition-date estimated liabilities to be paid. As of December 31, 2016, the 
remaining balance of estimated liabilities to be paid was $198 million.

Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date 
fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the 
net assets acquired. The goodwill recorded as a result of the AOL 
transaction represents future economic benefits we expect to achieve 
as a result of combining the operations of AOL and Verizon as well as 
assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately 
recognized. The goodwill related to this acquisition is included within 
Corporate and other (see Note 3 for additional details).

Acquisition of Yahoo! Inc.’s Operating Business
On July 23, 2016, Verizon entered into a stock purchase agreement 
(the Purchase Agreement) with Yahoo! Inc. (Yahoo). Pursuant to the 
Purchase Agreement, upon the terms and subject to the conditions 
thereof, we agreed to acquire the stock of one or more subsidiaries 
of Yahoo holding all of Yahoo’s operating business for approximately 
$4.83 billion in cash, subject to certain adjustments (the Transaction). 
Prior to the closing of the Transaction, pursuant to a related reorga-
nization agreement, Yahoo will transfer all of the assets and liabilities 
constituting Yahoo’s operating business to the subsidiaries to be 
acquired in the Transaction. The assets to be acquired will not include 
Yahoo’s cash, its ownership interests in Alibaba, Yahoo! Japan 
and certain other investments, certain undeveloped land recently 
divested by Yahoo or certain non-core intellectual property. We 
will receive for our benefit and that of our current and certain future 
affiliates a non-exclusive, worldwide, perpetual, royalty-free license 
to all of Yahoo’s intellectual property that is not being conveyed with 
the business.

Yahoo employees who transfer to Verizon will have any unvested 
Yahoo restricted stock units that they hold converted into cash-settle-
able Verizon restricted stock units, which will have the same vesting 
schedule as their Yahoo restricted stock units. The value of those 
outstanding restricted stock units on the date of signing was approxi-
mately $1.1 billion.

54 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

On February 20, 2017, Verizon and Yahoo entered into an amendment 
to the Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which the Transaction 
purchase price will be reduced by $350 million to approximately 
$4.48 billion in cash, subject to certain adjustments. Subject to certain 
exceptions, the parties also agreed that certain user security and data 
breaches incurred by Yahoo (and the losses arising therefrom) will 
be disregarded (1) for purposes of specified conditions to Verizon’s 
obligations to close the Transaction and (2) in determining whether a 
“Business Material Adverse Effect” under the Purchase Agreement 
has occurred.

Concurrently with the amendment of the Purchase Agreement, Yahoo 
and Yahoo Holdings, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Yahoo that 
Verizon has agreed to purchase pursuant to the Transaction, also 
entered into an amendment to the related reorganization agreement, 
pursuant to which Yahoo (which has announced that it intends to 
change its name to Altaba Inc. following the closing of the Transaction) 
will retain 50% of certain post-closing liabilities arising out of govern-
mental or third party investigations, litigations or other claims related to 
certain user security and data breaches incurred by Yahoo. In accor-
dance with the original Transaction Agreements, Yahoo will continue 
to retain 100% of any liabilities arising out of any shareholder lawsuits 
(including derivative claims) and investigations and actions by the SEC. 

The Transaction remains subject to customary closing conditions, 
including the approval of Yahoo's stockholders, and is expected to 
close in the second quarter of 2017.

Fleetmatics Group PLC
On July 30, 2016, we entered into an agreement (the Transaction 
Agreement) to acquire Fleetmatics Group PLC, a public limited 
company incorporated in Ireland (Fleetmatics). Fleetmatics is a 
leading global provider of fleet and mobile workforce management 
solutions. Pursuant to the terms of the Transaction Agreement, we 
acquired Fleetmatics for $60.00 per ordinary share in cash. The 
aggregate merger consideration was approximately $2.5 billion, 
including cash acquired of $0.1 billion. We completed the acquisition on 
November 7, 2016. As a result of the transaction, Fleetmatics became a 
 wholly-owned subsidiary of Verizon.

The consolidated financial statements include the results of 
Fleetmatics’ operations from the date the acquisition closed. Had this 
acquisition been completed on January 1, 2016 or 2015, the results of 
the acquired operations of Fleetmatics would not have had a signif-
icant impact on the consolidated net income attributable to Verizon. 
Upon closing, we recorded approximately $1.4 billion of goodwill and 
$1.1 billion of other intangibles.

The acquisition of Fleetmatics was accounted for as a business 
combination. The consideration was allocated to the assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed based on their fair values as of the close of the 
acquisition.

Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date 
fair value of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the net 
assets acquired. The goodwill recorded as a result of the Fleetmatics 
transaction represents future economic benefits we expect to achieve 
as a result of the acquisition. The goodwill related to this acquisition is 
included within Corporate and other (see Note 3 for additional details).

Other
On July 29, 2016, we acquired Telogis, Inc., a global cloud-based 
mobile enterprise management software business, for $0.9 billion of 
cash consideration. Upon closing, we recorded $0.5 billion of goodwill 
that is included within Corporate and other.

On September 12, 2016, we announced an agreement to acquire 
a leading provider of IoT solutions for smart communities for cash 
consideration that is not significant. The transaction was completed in 
October 2016.

On September 3, 2015, AOL announced an agreement to acquire an 
advertising technology business for cash consideration that was not 
significant. The transaction was completed in October 2015.

On October 7, 2014, Redbox Instant by Verizon, a venture between 
Verizon and Redbox Automated Retail, LLC (Redbox), a  wholly-owned 
subsidiary of Outerwall Inc., ceased providing service to its customers. 
In accordance with an agreement between the parties, Redbox 
withdrew from the venture on October 20, 2014 and Verizon wound 
down and dissolved the venture during the fourth quarter of 2014. As a 
result of the termination of the venture, we recorded a pre-tax loss of 
$0.1 billion in the fourth quarter of 2014.

During February 2014, we acquired a business dedicated to the devel-
opment of IP television for cash consideration that was not significant.

Real Estate Transaction
On May 19, 2015, we consummated a sale- leaseback transaction 
with a financial services firm for the buildings and real estate at our 
Basking Ridge, New Jersey location. We received total gross proceeds 
of $0.7 billion resulting in a deferred gain of $0.4 billion, which will 
be amortized over the initial leaseback term of twenty years. The 
leaseback of the buildings and real estate is accounted for as an 
operating lease. The proceeds received as a result of this transaction 
have been classified within Cash flows used in investing activities 
on our consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended 
December 31, 2015.

Note 3
Wireless Licenses, Goodwill and Other  
Intangible Assets

Wireless Licenses
Changes in the carrying amount of Wireless licenses are as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2015
Acquisitions (Note 2)
Capitalized interest on wireless licenses
Reclassifications, adjustments and other

Balance at December 31, 2015

Acquisitions (Note 2)
Capitalized interest on wireless licenses
Reclassifications, adjustments and other

Balance at December 31, 2016

(dollars in millions)
  $  75,341
  10,474
389
371
  $  86,575
28
506
(436)
  $  86,673

Reclassifications, adjustments and other includes the exchanges 
of wireless licenses in 2016 and 2015 as well as $0.9 billion and 
$0.3 billion of Wireless licenses that are classified as Assets held for 
sale on our consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2016 and 
2015, respectively. See Note 2 for additional details.

At December 31, 2016 and 2015, approximately $10.0 billion and 
$10.4 billion, respectively, of wireless licenses were under development 
for commercial service for which we were capitalizing interest costs.

The average remaining renewal period of our wireless license 
portfolio was 5.1 years as of December 31, 2016. See Note 1 for addi-
tional details.

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 |   55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of Goodwill are as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2015
Acquisitions (Note 2)
Reclassifications, adjustments and other

Balance at December 31, 2015

Acquisitions (Note 2)
Reclassifications, adjustments and other

Balance at December 31, 2016

Wireless
$  18,390
3
–
$  18,393
–
–
$  18,393

Wireline
6,249
–
(1,918)
4,331
–
(547)
3,784

$ 

$ 

$ 

Other
–
2,035
572
2,607
2,310
111
5,028

$ 

$ 

$ 

(dollars in millions)

Total
$  24,639
2,038
(1,346)
$  25,331
2,310
(436)
$  27,205

During the second quarter of 2016, we allocated $0.1 billion of Goodwill on a relative fair value basis from Wireline to Other as a result of the 
reclassification of our telematics businesses (see Note 12 for additional details). During the fourth quarter of 2016, we allocated $0.4 billion of 
Goodwill on a relative fair value basis from Wireline to Non- current assets held for sale on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 
2016 as a result of our agreement to sell 24 data center sites (see Note 2 for additional details). As a result of acquisitions completed during 2016, 
we recognized preliminary Goodwill of $2.3 billion, which is included within Other (see Note 2 for additional details).

As a result of the acquisition of AOL in the second quarter of 2015, we recognized Goodwill of $1.9 billion, which is included within Other (see 
Note 2 for additional details). We also allocated $0.6 billion of goodwill on a relative fair value basis from Wireline to Other as a result of an 
internal reorganization. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in Goodwill in Wireline primarily due to the reclassification of $1.3 billion 
of Goodwill to Non- current assets held for sale on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2015 as a result of the Access Line Sale (see 
Note 2 for additional details). The amount of Goodwill reclassified was based on a relative fair value basis.

Other Intangible Assets
The following table displays the composition of Other intangible assets, net:

At December 31, 
Customer lists (6 to 14 years)
Non- network  internal-use software (3 to 8 years)
Other (5 to 25 years)
Total

$ 

Gross 
Amount
2,884
  16,135
1,854
$  20,873

$ 

Accumulated 
Amortization
(480)
  (10,913)
(583)
$  (11,976)

2016

$ 

Net Amount
2,404
5,222
1,271
8,897

$ 

$ 

Gross Amount
4,139
  14,542
1,346
$  20,027

$ 

Accumulated 
Amortization
(2,365)
(9,620)
(450)
$  (12,435)

(dollars in millions)

2015

Net Amount
1,774
$ 
4,922
896
7,592

$ 

The amortization expense for Other intangible assets was as follows:

Years
2016
2015
2014

(dollars in millions)
  $  1,701
  1,694
  1,567

Estimated annual amortization expense for Other intangible assets is 
as follows:

Years
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021

(dollars in millions)
  $  1,749
  1,564
  1,358
  1,121
938

Note 4
Plant, Property and Equipment

The following table displays the details of Plant, property and 
equipment, which is stated at cost:

(dollars in millions)

At December 31,
Land
Buildings and equipment
Central office and other network 

Lives (years)
–
7 – 45

  $ 

2016
667   $ 

2015
709
  25,587

  27,117  

equipment

Cable, poles and conduit
Leasehold improvements
Work in progress
Furniture, vehicles and other

Less accumulated depreciation
Plant, property and equipment, net

3 – 50
7 – 50
5 – 20
–
3 – 20

  136,737  
  45,639  
7,627  
5,710  
8,718  
  232,215  
  147,464  

  129,201
  44,290
7,104
4,907
8,365
  220,163
  136,622
  $  84,751   $  83,541

56 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Note 5
Leasing Arrangements

As Lessee
We lease certain facilities and equipment for use in our operations 
under both capital and operating leases. Total rent expense under 
operating leases amounted to $3.6 billion in 2016, $3.2 billion in 2015 
and $2.7 billion in 2014.

Amortization of capital leases is included in Depreciation and amortiza-
tion expense in the consolidated statements of income. Capital lease 
amounts included in Plant, property and equipment are as follows:

At December 31,
Capital leases
Less accumulated amortization
Total

(dollars in millions)

2016
  $  1,277
(524)
753

  $ 

2015
  $  1,046
(318)
728

  $ 

The aggregate minimum rental commitments under noncancelable 
leases for the periods shown at December 31, 2016, are as follows:

(dollars in millions)

Tower Monetization Transaction
During March 2015, we completed a transaction with American Tower 
pursuant to which American Tower acquired the exclusive rights to 
lease and operate approximately 11,300 of our wireless towers for an 
upfront payment of $5.0 billion. We have subleased capacity on the 
towers from American Tower for a minimum of 10 years at current 
market rates, with options to renew. Under this agreement, total rent 
payments amounted to $0.3 billion and $0.2 billion for the years 
ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We expect to make 
minimum future lease payments of approximately $2.4 billion. We 
continue to include the towers in Plant, property and equipment, net 
in our consolidated balance sheets and depreciate them accordingly. 
At December 31, 2016 and 2015, $0.5 billion of towers related to this 
transaction were included in Plant, property and equipment, net. See 
Note 2 for additional information.

Operating 
Leases
  $  2,822
  2,583
  2,304
  1,927
  1,515
  6,724
  $ 17,875

Capital 
Leases
366
272
149
111
62
79
  1,039
89
950
335
615

  $ 

  $ 

Years
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Thereafter
Total minimum rental commitments
Less interest and executory costs
Present value of minimum lease payments
Less current installments
Long-term obligation at December 31, 2016

Note 6
Debt

Changes to debt during 2016 are as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2016

Proceeds from long-term borrowings
Proceeds from asset- backed long-term borrowings
Repayments of long-term borrowings and capital leases obligations
Decrease in short-term obligations, excluding current maturities
Reclassifications of long-term debt
Other

Balance at December 31, 2016

Debt maturing within one year is as follows:

At December 31,
Long-term debt maturing within one year
Short-term notes payable
Commercial paper and other
Total debt maturing within one year

$ 

Debt Maturing 
within One Year
6,489
120
–
(8,125)
(149)
4,088
222
2,645

$ 

Long-term  
Debt
$  103,240
  12,844
4,986
(11,034)
–
(4,088)
(515)
$  105,433

2016
2,477
168
–
2,645

$ 

$ 

(dollars in millions)

Total
$  109,729
  12,964
4,986
(19,159)
(149)
–
(293)
$  108,078

(dollars in millions)

2015
6,325
158
6
6,489

$ 

$ 

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 |   57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Credit facilities
On September 23, 2016, we amended our $8.0 billion credit facility to increase the availability to $9.0 billion and extend the maturity to 
September 23, 2020. As of December 31, 2016, the unused borrowing capacity under our $9.0 billion credit facility was approximately 
$8.9 billion. The credit facility does not require us to comply with financial covenants or maintain specified credit ratings, and it permits us to 
borrow even if our business has incurred a material adverse change. We use the credit facility for the issuance of letters of credit and for general 
corporate purposes.

In March 2016, we entered into an equipment credit facility insured by Eksportkreditnamnden Stockholm, Sweden (EKN), the Swedish export 
credit agency, with the ability to borrow up to $1 billion to finance  locally- sourced network  equipment- related purchases. The facility has borrow-
ings available through June 2017, contingent upon the amount of  equipment- related purchases made by Verizon. As of December 31, 2016 we 
had drawn $0.5 billion on the facility and the unused borrowing capacity was $0.5 billion.

Long-Term Debt
Outstanding long-term debt obligations are as follows:

At December 31,
Verizon Communications —  notes payable and other

Interest Rates %
0.50 –  3.85
4.11 –  5.50
5.85 –  6.90
7.35 –  8.95
Floating

Maturities
2017 –  2042
2018 –  2055
2018 –  2054
2018 –  2039
2017 –  2025

Verizon Wireless —  Alltel assumed notes

6.80 –  7.88

2029 –  2032

Telephone subsidiaries —  debentures

5.13 –  6.50
7.38 –  7.88
8.00 –  8.75

2028 –  2033
2022 –  2032
2022 –  2031

Other subsidiaries —  notes payable, debentures and other

6.84 –  8.75

2018 –  2028

Verizon Wireless and other subsidiaries —  asset- backed debt

1.42 –  2.36
Floating

2021
2021

Capital lease obligations (average rate of 3.5% and 3.4% in 2016 and 

2015, respectively)

Unamortized discount, net of premium
Unamortized debt issuance costs
Total long-term debt, including current maturities
Less long-term debt maturing within one year
Total long-term debt

$ 

2016
28,491
53,909
11,295
1,860
9,750

525

319
561
328

1,102

2,485
2,520

(dollars in millions)

$ 

2015
26,281
51,156
16,420
2,300
14,100

686

575
1,099
780

1,500

–
–

950
(5,716)
(469)
  107,910
2,477
$  105,433

957
(5,824)
(465)
  109,565
6,325
$  103,240

2016
April Tender Offers
On March 4, 2016, we announced the commencement of three concurrent, but separate, tender offers (the April Tender Offers) to purchase 
for cash (1) any and all of the series of notes listed below in the Group 1 Any and All Offer, (2) any and all of the series of notes listed below in the 
Group 2 Any and All Offer and (3) up to $5.5 billion aggregate purchase price, excluding accrued and unpaid interest and any fees or commis-
sions, of the series of notes listed below in the Group 3 Offer.

The April Tender Offers for each series of notes were conditioned upon the closing of the sale of our local exchange business and related 
landline activities in California, Florida and Texas to Frontier and the receipt of at least $9.5 billion of the purchase price cash at closing (the Sale 
Condition). The Sale Condition was satisfied and the April Tender Offers were settled on April 4, 2016, resulting in the notes listed below being 
repurchased and cancelled for $10.2 billion, inclusive of accrued interest of $0.1 billion.

The table below lists the series of notes included in the Group 1 Any and All Offer:

(dollars in millions, except for Purchase Price)
Verizon Communications Inc.

Interest Rate
2.50%
2.00%
6.35%

Maturity
2016
2016
2019

Principal Amount 
Outstanding
$  2,182
  1,250
  1,750

Purchase Price(1)

$  1,007.60
  1,007.20
  1,133.32

Principal Amount 
Purchased
$  1,272
731
970
$  2,973

(1) Per $1,000 principal amount of notes tendered and not withdrawn prior to early expiration

58 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

The table below lists the series of notes included in the Group 2 Any and All Offer:

(dollars in millions, except for Purchase Price)
Verizon Delaware LLC

Interest Rate
8.375%
8.625%

Maturity
2019
2031

Principal Amount 
Outstanding
15
15

$ 

Purchase Price(1)

$  1,182.11
  1,365.39

Principal Amount 
Purchased
15
5

$ 

Verizon Maryland LLC

Verizon New England Inc.

Verizon New Jersey Inc.

Verizon New York Inc.

Verizon Pennsylvania LLC

Verizon Virginia LLC

8.00%
8.30%
5.125%

7.875%

8.00%
7.85%

6.50%
7.375%

6.00%
8.35%
8.75%

7.875%
8.375%

2029
2031
2033

2029

2022
2029

2028
2032

2028
2030
2031

2022
2029

50
100
350

349

200
149

100
500

125
175
125

100
100

  1,301.32
  1,347.26
  1,012.50

  1,261.63

  1,238.65
  1,311.32

  1,151.71
  1,201.92

  1,110.47
  1,324.10
  1,356.47

  1,227.79
  1,319.78

22
76
171

176

54
63

28
256

57
127
72

43
81
$  1,246

(1) Per $1,000 principal amount of notes tendered and not withdrawn prior to early expiration

The table below lists the series of notes included in the Group 3 Offer:

(dollars in millions, except for Purchase Price)
Verizon Communications Inc.

Alltel Corporation

GTE Corporation

(1) Per $1,000 principal amount of notes

Interest Rate
8.95%
7.75%
7.35%
7.75%
6.55%
6.40%
6.90%
6.25%
6.40%
5.85%
6.00%
5.15%

7.875%
6.80%

6.94%
8.75%

Maturity
2039
2032
2039
2030
2043
2033
2038
2037
2038
2035
2041
2023

2032
2029

2028
2021

$ 

Principal Amount 
Outstanding
353
251
480
  1,206
  6,585
  2,196
477
750
866
  1,500
  1,000
  8,517

452
235

800
300

Purchase Price(1)

$  1,506.50
  1,315.19
  1,293.50
  1,377.92
  1,291.74
  1,220.28
  1,243.29
  1,167.66
  1,176.52
  1,144.68
  1,164.56
  1,152.83

  1,322.92
  1,252.93

  1,261.35
  1,307.34

$ 

Principal Amount 
Purchased
63
33
68
276
  2,340
466
92
114
116
250
–
–

115
47

237
93
$  4,310

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 |   59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

April Early Debt Redemption
On April 8, 2016, we redeemed in whole the following series of out-
standing notes which were called for redemption on April 5, 2016 
(collectively, April Early Debt Redemption): $0.9 billion aggregate 
principal amount of Verizon Communications 2.50% Notes due 2016 
at 100.8% of the principal amount of such notes, $0.5 billion aggregate 
principal amount of Verizon Communications 2.00% Notes due 2016 
at 100.8% of the principal amount of such notes, and $0.8 billion 
aggregate principal amount of Verizon Communications 6.35% Notes 
due 2019 at 113.5% of the principal amount of such notes. These notes 
were repurchased and cancelled for $2.3 billion, inclusive of an imma-
terial amount of accrued interest.

Debt Issuances and Redemptions
During August 2016, we issued $6.2 billion aggregate principal amount 
of fixed and floating rate notes. The issuance of these Notes resulted 
in cash proceeds of approximately $6.1 billion, net of discounts 
and issuance costs and after reimbursement of certain expenses. 
The issuance consisted of the following series of notes: $0.4 billion 
aggregate principal amount of Verizon Communications Floating Rate 
Notes due 2019, $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of Verizon 
Communications 1.375% Notes due 2019, $1.0 billion aggregate 
principal amount of Verizon Communications 1.750% Notes due 2021, 
$2.3 billion aggregate principal amount of Verizon Communications 
2.625% Notes due 2026, and $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount 
of Verizon Communications 4.125% Notes due 2046. The floating 
rate notes bear interest at a rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 
0.370%, which rate will be reset quarterly. The net proceeds were 
used for general corporate purposes, including to repay at maturity 
on September 15, 2016, $2.3 billion aggregate principal amount of our 
floating rate notes, plus accrued interest on the notes.

During September 2016, we issued $2.1 billion aggregate principal 
amount of 4.20% Notes due 2046. The issuance of these Notes 
resulted in cash proceeds of approximately $2.0 billion, net of 
discounts and issuance costs and after reimbursement of certain 
expenses. The net proceeds were used to redeem in whole $0.9 billion 
aggregate principal amount of Verizon Communications 4.80% Notes 
due 2044 at 100% of the principal amount of such notes, plus any 
accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption, for an imma-
terial loss. Proceeds not used for the redemption of these notes were 
used for general corporate purposes.

During October 2016, we issued the following series of notes: 
€1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of Verizon Communications 
0.500% Notes due 2022, €1.0 billion aggregate principal amount 
of Verizon Communications 0.875% Notes due 2025, €1.25 billion 
aggregate principal amount of Verizon Communications 1.375% Notes 
due 2028, and £0.45 billion aggregate principal amount of Verizon 
Communications 3.125% Notes due 2035. The issuance of these 
notes resulted in cash proceeds of approximately $4.1 billion, net of 
discounts and issuance costs and after reimbursement of certain 
expenses. The net proceeds from the sale of the notes were used for 
general corporate purposes, including the financing of our acquisition 
of Fleetmatics and the repayment of outstanding indebtedness.

During December 2016, we redeemed in whole $2.0 billion aggregate 
principal amount of Verizon Communications 1.35% Notes due 2017 at 
100.321% of the principal amount of such notes, plus any accrued and 
unpaid interest to the date of redemption, for an immaterial loss. Also 
in December 2016, we repurchased $2.5 billion aggregate principal 
amount of the eight-year Verizon Notes at 100% of the aggregate 
principal amount of such notes plus accrued and unpaid interest to the 
date of redemption.

During February 2017, we issued $1.5 billion aggregate principal 
amount of 4.95% Notes due 2047. The issuance of these Notes 
resulted in cash proceeds of approximately $1.5 billion, net of discounts 
and issuance costs and after reimbursement of certain expenses. The 
net proceeds were used for general corporate purposes.

2017 Term Loan Agreement
During January 2017, we entered into a term loan credit agreement 
with a syndicate of major financial institutions, pursuant to which 
we can borrow up to $5.5 billion for (i) the acquisition of Yahoo and 
(ii) general corporate purposes. Borrowings under the term loan 
credit agreement mature 18 months following the funding date, with 
a partial mandatory prepayment required within six months following 
the funding date. The term loan agreement contains certain negative 
covenants, including a negative pledge covenant, a merger or similar 
transaction covenant and an accounting changes covenant, affirmative 
covenants and events of default that are customary for companies 
maintaining an investment grade credit rating. In addition, the term loan 
credit agreement requires us to maintain a leverage ratio (as defined 
in the term loan credit agreement) not in excess of 3.50:1.00, until our 
credit ratings are equal to or higher than A3 and A- at Moody’s Investor 
Service and S&P Global Ratings, respectively. To date, we have not 
drawn on this term loan.

January 2017 Exchange Offers and Cash Offers
On January 25, 2017, we commenced eighteen separate private offers 
to exchange (the January 2017 Exchange Offers) specified series 
of outstanding Notes issued by Verizon Communications (the Old 
Notes) for new Notes to be issued by Verizon Communications. In 
connection with the January 2017 Exchange Offers, which expired on 
January 31, 2017 and settled on February 3, 2017, we issued $3.2 billion 
aggregate principal amount of Verizon Communications 2.946% 
Notes due 2022, $1.7 billion aggregate principal amount of Verizon 
Communications 4.812% Notes due 2039 and $4.1 billion aggregate 
principal amount of Verizon Communications 5.012% Notes due 2049 
(collectively, the New Notes) plus applicable cash of $0.6 billion (not 
including accrued and unpaid interest on the Old Notes) in exchange 
for $8.3 billion aggregate principal amount of tendered Old Notes. 
We concurrently commenced eighteen separate offers to purchase 
for cash (the January 2017 Cash Offers) the Old Notes. In connection 
with the January 2017 Cash Offers, which expired on January 31, 
2017 and settled on February 3, 2017, we repurchased $0.5 billion 
aggregate principal amount of Old Notes for $0.5 billion, exclusive of 
accrued interest.

2015
February Exchange Offers
On February 11, 2015, we announced the commencement of seven 
separate private offers to exchange (the February Exchange Offers) 
specified series of outstanding notes and debentures issued by 
Verizon and GTE Corporation (collectively, the Old Notes) for new 
Notes to be issued by Verizon (the New Notes) and, in the case of the 
6.94% debentures due 2028 of GTE Corporation, cash. The February 
Exchange Offers have been accounted for as a modification of debt. 
On March 13, 2015, Verizon issued $2.9 billion aggregate principal 
amount of 4.272% Notes due 2036 (the 2036 New Notes), $5.0 billion 
aggregate principal amount of 4.522% Notes due 2048 (the 2048 
New Notes) and $5.5 billion aggregate principal amount of 4.672% 
Notes due 2055 (the 2055 New Notes) in satisfaction of the exchange 
offer consideration on tendered Old Notes (not including accrued and 
unpaid interest on the Old Notes). The following tables list the series of 
Old Notes included in the February Exchange Offers and the principal 
amount of each such series accepted by Verizon for exchange.

60 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

The table below lists the series of Old Notes included in the February Exchange Offers for the 2036 New Notes:

(dollars in millions)
Verizon Communications Inc.

Interest Rate
5.15%

Maturity
2023

Principal Amount 
Outstanding
$  11,000

The table below lists the series of Old Notes included in the February Exchange Offers for the 2048 New Notes:

(dollars in millions)
Verizon Communications Inc.

GTE Corporation

Interest Rate
6.90%
6.40%
6.40%
6.25%
6.94%

Maturity
2038
2038
2033
2037
2028

Principal Amount 
Outstanding
$  1,250
  1,750
  4,355
750
800

The table below lists the series of Old Notes included in the February Exchange Offers for the 2055 New Notes:

(dollars in millions)
Verizon Communications Inc.

Interest Rate
6.55%

Maturity
2043

Principal Amount 
Outstanding
$  10,670

Principal Amount 
Accepted For 
Exchange
$  2,483

Principal Amount 
Accepted For 
Exchange
773
$ 
884
  2,159
–
–
$  3,816

Principal Amount 
Accepted For 
Exchange
$  4,084

Term Loan Agreement
During the first quarter of 2015, we entered into a term loan agreement 
with a major financial institution, pursuant to which we borrowed 
$6.5 billion for general corporate purposes, including the acquisition of 
spectrum licenses. Borrowings under the term loan agreement were 
to mature in March 2016, with a $4.0 billion mandatory prepayment 
required in June 2015. The term loan agreement contained certain 
negative covenants, including a negative pledge covenant, a merger 
or similar transaction covenant and an accounting changes covenant, 
affirmative covenants and events of default that are customary for 
companies maintaining an investment grade credit rating. In addition, 
the term loan agreement required us to maintain a leverage ratio 
(as defined in the term loan agreement) not in excess of 3.50:1.00, 
until our credit ratings were equal to or higher than A3 and A- at 
Moody’s Investors Service and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, 
respectively.

During March 2015, we prepaid approximately $5.0 billion of the term 
loan agreement, which satisfied the mandatory prepayment. During the 
third and fourth quarters of 2015, respectively, we made repayments of 
approximately $1.0 billion and $0.5 billion. As of December 31, 2015, no 
amounts remained outstanding under the term loan agreement.

Other
During June 2015, as part of the Merger Agreement with AOL, we 
assumed approximately $0.6 billion of debt and capital lease obliga-
tions. During 2015, approximately $0.4 billion of the assumed debt and 
capital lease obligations were repaid.

During October 2015, we executed a $0.2 billion, 1.5% loan due 
2018. Also, during March 2015, $0.5 billion of floating rate Verizon 
Communications Notes matured and were repaid. During November 
2015, $1.0 billion of 0.7% Verizon Communications Notes matured and 
were repaid.

During December 2015, we repaid $0.6 billion upon maturity for 
€0.5 billion aggregate principal amount of Cellco Partnership and 
Verizon Wireless Capital LLC 8.750% Notes due 2015, and the related 
cross currency swap was settled.

Asset- Backed Debt
As of December 31, 2016, the carrying value of our asset- backed 
debt was $5.0 billion. Our asset- backed debt includes notes (the 
Asset- Backed Notes) issued to third-party investors (Investors) and 
loans (ABS Financing Facility) received from banks and their conduit 
facilities (collectively, the Banks). Our consolidated asset- backed 
securitization bankruptcy remote legal entities (each, an ABS Entity or 
collectively, the ABS Entities) issue the debt or are otherwise party to 
the transaction documentation in connection with our asset- backed 
debt transactions. Under the terms of our asset- backed debt, we 
transfer device payment plan agreement receivables from Cellco 
Partnership and certain other affiliates of Verizon (collectively, the 
Originators) to one of the ABS Entities, which in turn transfer such 
receivables to another ABS Entity that issues the debt. Verizon entities 
retain the equity interests in the ABS Entities, which represent the 
rights to all funds not needed to make required payments on the asset- 
backed debt and other related payments and expenses.

Our asset- backed debt is secured by the transferred device payment 
plan agreement receivables and future collections on such receiv-
ables. The device payment plan agreement receivables transferred to 
the ABS Entities and related assets, consisting primarily of restricted 
cash, will only be available for payment of asset- backed debt and 
expenses related thereto, payments to the Originators in respect of 
additional transfers of device payment plan agreement receivables, 
and other obligations arising from our asset- backed debt transactions, 
and will not be available to pay other obligations or claims of Verizon’s 
creditors until the associated asset- backed debt and other obligations 
are satisfied. The Investors or Banks, as applicable, which hold our 
asset- backed debt have legal recourse to the assets securing the debt, 
but do not have any recourse to Verizon with respect to the payment of 
principal and interest on the debt. Under a parent support agreement, 
Verizon has agreed to guarantee certain of the payment obligations of 
Cellco Partnership and the Originators to the ABS Entities.

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 |   61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Cash collections on the device payment plan agreement receivables 
are required at certain specified times to be placed into segregated 
accounts. Deposits to the segregated accounts are considered 
restricted cash and are included in Prepaid expenses and other and 
Other assets on our consolidated balance sheets.

Proceeds from our asset- backed debt transactions, deposits to the 
segregated accounts and payments to the Originators in respect of 
additional transfers of device payment plan agreement receivables, 
are reflected in Cash flows from financing activities in our consolidated 
statements of cash flows. Repayments of our asset- backed debt and 
related interest payments made from the segregated accounts are 
non-cash activities and therefore are not reflected within Cash flows 
from financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. 
The asset- backed debt issued and the assets securing this debt are 
included on our consolidated balance sheets.

Asset- Backed Notes
In July 2016, we issued $1.2 billion aggregate principal amount of 
senior and junior asset- backed notes through an ABS Entity, of which 
$1.1 billion of notes were sold to Investors. The senior asset- backed 
notes have an expected  weighted- average life of about 2.5 years and 
bear interest at 1.42% per annum. The junior asset- backed notes have 
an expected  weighted- average life of about 3.2 years and bear interest 
at a  weighted- average rate of 1.53%.

In November 2016, we issued $1.4 billion aggregate principal amount 
of senior and junior asset- backed notes through an ABS Entity. The 
senior asset- backed notes have an expected  weighted- average life 
of about 2.6 years and bear interest at 1.68% per annum. The junior 
asset- backed notes have an expected  weighted- average life of about 
3.3 years and bear interest at a  weighted- average rate of 2.26%.

Under the terms of the asset- backed notes, there is a two-year 
revolving period during which we may transfer additional receivables 
to the ABS Entity.

ABS Financing Facility
During September 2016, we entered into a device payment plan 
agreement financing facility through an ABS Entity with a number of 
financial institutions. Under the terms of the ABS Financing Facility, 
such counterparties made advances under asset- backed loans 
backed by device payment plan agreement receivables for proceeds 
of $1.5 billion. We had the option of requesting an additional $1.5 billion 
of committed funding. During December 2016, we received additional 
funding of $1.0 billion under this option. These loans have an expected 
 weighted- average life of about 2.4 years and bear interest at floating 
rates. There is a two-year revolving period, which may be extended, 
during which we may transfer additional receivables to the ABS 
Entity. Subject to certain conditions, we may also remove receivables 
from the ABS Entity. We may prepay the outstanding amounts of the 
loans without penalty, but in certain cases, with breakage costs. As of 
December 31, 2016, outstanding borrowings under the ABS Financing 
Facility were $2.5 billion.

Although the ABS Financing Facility is fully drawn as of December 31, 
2016, we have the right to prepay all or a portion thereof at any time. If 
we choose to prepay, the amount prepaid shall be available for further 
drawdowns until September 2018, except in certain circumstances.

Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)
The ABS Entities meet the definition of a VIE for which we have 
determined we are the primary beneficiary as we have both the power 
to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the 
entity’s performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right 
to receive benefits of the entity. Therefore, the assets, liabilities and 
activities of the ABS Entities are consolidated in our financial results 
and are included in amounts presented on the face of our consolidated 
balance sheets.

The assets and liabilities related to our asset- backed debt arrange-
ments included on our consolidated balance sheets were as follows:

At December 31,
Assets
Account receivable, net
Prepaid expenses and other
Other Assets

Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Long-term debt

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

  $ 

  $  3,383
236
  2,383

4
  4,988

–
–
–

–
–

See Note 7 for more information on device payment plan agreement 
receivables used to secure asset- backed debt.

Early Debt Redemption and Other Costs
During 2016, we recorded net pre-tax losses on early debt redemption 
of $1.8 billion primarily in connection with the April Tender Offers and 
the April Early Debt Redemption.

We recognize early debt redemption costs in Other income and 
(expense), net on our consolidated statements of income and within 
our Net cash used in financing activities on our consolidated state-
ments of cash flows.

Additional Financing Activities (Non-Cash Transaction)
During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, we financed, 
primarily through vendor financing arrangements, the purchase of 
approximately $0.5 billion and $0.7 billion, respectively, of long-lived 
assets consisting primarily of network equipment. At December 31, 
2016, $1.1 billion relating to vendor financing arrangements, including 
those entered into in prior years, remained outstanding. These 
purchases are non-cash financing activities and therefore not reflected 
within Capital expenditures on our consolidated statements of 
cash flows.

Guarantees
We guarantee the debentures of our operating telephone company 
subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2016, $1.2 billion aggregate principal 
amount of these obligations remained outstanding. Each guarantee 
will remain in place for the life of the obligation unless terminated 
pursuant to its terms, including the operating telephone company no 
longer being a  wholly-owned subsidiary of Verizon.

As a result of the closing of the Access Line Sale on April 1, 2016, 
GTE Southwest Inc., Verizon California Inc. and Verizon Florida LLC 
are no longer  wholly-owned subsidiaries of Verizon, and the guar-
antees of $0.6 billion aggregate principal amount of debentures and 
first mortgage bonds of those entities have terminated pursuant to 
their terms.

62 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

We also guarantee the debt obligations of GTE LLC as successor in 
interest to GTE Corporation that were issued and outstanding prior to 
July 1, 2003. As of December 31, 2016, $1.1 billion aggregate principal 
amount of these obligations remain outstanding.

Debt Covenants
We and our consolidated subsidiaries are in compliance with all of our 
financial and restrictive covenants.

Maturities of Long-Term Debt
Maturities of long-term debt outstanding, excluding unamortized debt 
issuance costs, at December 31, 2016 are as follows:

Years
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Thereafter

(dollars in millions)
 $  2,477
    7,729
    5,548
    9.040
    12.097
    71,988

Note 7
Wireless Device Payment Plans

Under the Verizon device payment program, our eligible wireless 
customers purchase wireless devices under a device payment plan 
agreement. Customers that activate service on devices purchased 
under the device payment program pay lower service fees as 
compared to those under our fixed-term service plans, and their 
device payment plan charge is included on their standard wireless 
monthly bill.

Wireless Device Payment Plan Agreement Receivables
The following table displays device payment plan receivables, net, that 
continue to be recognized in our consolidated balance sheets:

At December 31,
Device payment plan agreement receivables, 

gross

Unamortized imputed interest
Device payment plan agreement receivables,  

net of unamortized imputed interest

Allowance for credit losses
Device payment plan agreement  

receivables, net

Classified on our consolidated balance 

sheets:

Accounts receivable, net
Other assets
Device payment plan agreement  

receivables, net

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

  $  11,797
(511)

  $  3,720
(142)

  11,286
(688)

  3,578
(444)

  $  10,598

  $  3,134

  $  6,140
  4,458

  $  1,979
  1,155

  $  10,598

  $  3,134

Included in our device payment plan agreement receivables, net at 
December 31, 2016 are net device payment plan agreement receiv-
ables of $5.7 billion that have been transferred to ABS Entities and 
continue to be reported in our consolidated financial statements.

We may offer our customers certain promotions where a customer 
can trade-in his or her owned device in connection with the purchase 
of a new device. Under these types of promotions, the customer will 
receive trade-in credits that are applied to the customer’s monthly bill. 
As a result, we recognize a trade-in obligation measured at fair value 
using  weighted- average selling prices obtained in recent resales of 
devices eligible for trade-in. Device payment plan agreement receiv-
ables, net does not reflect this trade-in obligation. At December 31, 
2016, the amount of trade-in obligations was not significant.

At the time of sale of a device, we impute risk adjusted interest on the 
device payment plan agreement receivables. We record the imputed 
interest as a reduction to the related accounts receivable. Interest 
income, which is included within Service revenues and other on our 
consolidated statements of income, is recognized over the financed 
device payment term.

When originating device payment plan agreements, we use internal 
and external data sources to create a credit risk score to measure 
the credit quality of a customer and to determine eligibility for the 
device payment program. If a customer is either new to Verizon 
Wireless or has less than 210 days of customer tenure with Verizon 
Wireless (a new customer), the credit decision process relies more 
heavily on external data sources. If the customer has 210 days or 
more of customer tenure with Verizon Wireless (an existing customer), 
the credit decision process relies on internal data sources. Verizon 
Wireless’ experience has been that the payment attributes of longer 
tenured customers are highly predictive when considering their ability 
to pay in the future. External data sources include obtaining a credit 
report from a national consumer credit reporting agency, if available. 
Verizon Wireless uses its internal data and/or credit data obtained 
from the credit reporting agencies to create a custom credit risk score. 
The custom credit risk score is generated automatically (except with 
respect to a small number of applications where the information needs 
manual intervention) from the applicant’s credit data using Verizon 
Wireless’ proprietary custom credit models, which are empirically 
derived, demonstrably and statistically sound. The credit risk score 
measures the likelihood that the potential customer will become 
severely delinquent and be disconnected for non- payment. For a small 
portion of new customer applications, a traditional credit report is not 
available from one of the national credit reporting agencies because 
the potential customer does not have sufficient credit history. In those 
instances, alternate credit data is used for the risk assessment.

Based on the custom credit risk score, we assign each customer 
to a credit class, each of which has a specified required down 
payment percentage and specified credit limits. Device payment plan 
agreement receivables originated from customers assigned to credit 
classes requiring no down payment represent the lowest risk. Device 
payment plan agreement receivables originated from customers 
assigned to credit classes requiring a down payment represent a 
higher risk.

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 |   63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Subsequent to origination, Verizon Wireless monitors delinquency and 
write-off experience as key credit quality indicators for its portfolio of 
device payment plan agreements and fixed-term service plans. The 
extent of our collection efforts with respect to a particular customer 
are based on the results of proprietary custom empirically derived 
internal behavioral scoring models which analyze the customer’s 
past performance to predict the likelihood of the customer falling 
further delinquent. These customer scoring models assess a number 
of variables, including origination characteristics, customer account 
history and payment patterns. Based on the score derived from these 
models, accounts are grouped by risk category to determine the 
collection strategy to be applied to such accounts. We continuously 
monitor collection performance results and the credit quality of our 
device payment plan agreement receivables based on a variety of 
metrics, including aging. Verizon Wireless considers an account to be 
delinquent and in default status if there are unpaid charges remaining 
on the account on the day after the bill’s due date.

The balance and aging of the device payment plan agreement receiv-
ables on a gross basis was as follows:

At December 31,
Unbilled
Billed:

Current
Past due

Device payment plan agreement  

receivables, gross

(dollars in millions)

2016
  $  11,089

2015
  $  3,420

557
151

227
73

  $  11,797

  $  3,720

Activity in the allowance for credit losses for the device payment plan 
agreement receivables was as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2016
Bad debt expense
Write-offs
Allowance related to receivables sold
Other
Balance at December 31, 2016

(dollars in millions)

  $ 

  $ 

444
692
(479)
28
3
688

Customers that entered into device payment plan agreements prior to 
May 31, 2015 have the right to upgrade their device, subject to certain 
conditions, including making a stated portion of the required device 
payment plan agreement payments and trading in their device in good 
working order. Generally, customers entering into device payment plan 
agreements on or after June 1, 2015 are required to repay all amounts 
due under their device payment plan agreements before being eligible 
to upgrade their device. However, on select devices, certain marketing 
promotions have been revocably offered to customers to upgrade 
to a new device after paying down a certain specified portion of the 
required device payment plan agreement amount as well as trading 
in their device in good working order. When a customer enters into 
a device payment plan agreement with the right to upgrade to a 
new device, we record a guarantee liability in accordance with our 
accounting policy.

Sales of Wireless Device Payment Plan Agreement 
Receivables
During 2015 and 2016, we established programs pursuant to a 
Receivables Purchase Agreement, or RPA, to sell from time to time, on 
an uncommitted basis, eligible device payment plan agreement receiv-
ables to a group of primarily relationship banks (Purchasers) on both 
a revolving (Revolving Program) and non- revolving (Non- Revolving 
Program) basis. The receivables sold under the RPA are no longer 
considered assets of Verizon. The outstanding portfolio of device 
payment plan agreement receivables derecognized from our consoli-
dated balance sheet, but which we continue to service, was $4.3 billion 
at December 31, 2016. As of December 31, 2016, the total portfolio of 
device payment plan agreement receivables, including derecognized 
device payment plan agreement receivables, that we are servicing was 
$16.1 billion.

Under the Non- Revolving Program, we transfer the eligible receivables 
to  wholly-owned subsidiaries that are bankruptcy remote special 
purpose entities (Sellers). The Sellers then sell the receivables to the 
Purchasers for upfront cash proceeds and additional consideration 
upon settlement of the receivables (the deferred purchase price). 
Under the Revolving Program, we sell eligible device payment plan 
agreement receivables on a revolving basis, subject to a maximum 
funding limit, to the Purchasers. Sales of eligible receivables by the 
Sellers, once initiated, generally occur and are settled on a monthly 
basis. Customer payments made towards receivables sold under the 
Revolving Program will be available to purchase additional eligible 
device payment plan agreement receivables originated during the 
revolving period. We elected to end the revolving period in July 2016.

We continue to bill and collect on the receivables in exchange for 
a monthly servicing fee, which is not material. Eligible receivables 
under the RPA excluded device payment plan agreements where a 
new customer was required to provide a down payment. The sales 
of receivables under the RPA did not have a material impact on our 
consolidated statements of income. The cash proceeds received from 
the Purchasers are recorded within Cash flows provided by operating 
activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows.

During 2016, we sold $3.3 billion of receivables, net of allowance 
and imputed interest, under the Revolving Program. We received 
cash proceeds from new transfers of $2.0 billion and cash proceeds 
from reinvested collections of $0.9 billion, and recorded a deferred 
purchase price of $0.4 billion.

During 2015, we sold $6.1 billion of receivables, net of allowances and 
imputed interest, under the Non- Revolving Program. In connection with 
this sale, we received cash proceeds from new transfers of $4.5 billion 
and recorded a deferred purchase price of $1.7 billion. During 2015, 
we also sold $3.3 billion of receivables, net of allowances and imputed 
interest, under the Revolving Program. In connection with this sale, 
we received cash proceeds from new transfers of $2.7 billion and 
recorded a deferred purchase price of $0.6 billion.

64 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Deferred Purchase Price
Under the RPA, the deferred purchase price was initially recorded at 
fair value, based on the remaining device payment amounts expected 
to be collected, adjusted, as applicable, for the time value of money 
and by the timing and estimated value of the device trade-in in con-
nection with upgrades. The estimated value of the device trade-in 
considers prices expected to be offered to us by independent third 
parties. This estimate contemplates changes in value after the launch 
of a device. The fair value measurements are considered to be Level 
3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. The collection of the 
deferred purchase price is contingent on collections from customers. 
To date, we have collected $1.1 billion which was returned as deferred 
purchase price and recorded within Cash flows provided by operating 
activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows. Collections 
which were returned as deferred purchase price and recorded within 
Cash flows provided by investing activities on our consolidated 
statements of cash flows were immaterial. At December 31, 2016, 
our deferred purchase price receivable, which is held by the Sellers, 
was comprised of $1.2 billion included within Prepaid expenses and 
other and $0.4 billion included within Other assets in our consolidated 
balance sheet. At December 31, 2015, our deferred purchase price 
receivable was $2.2 billion, which was included within Other assets in 
our consolidated balance sheet.

Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)
Under the RPA, the Sellers’ sole business consists of the acquisition 
of the receivables from Cellco Partnership and certain other affiliates 
of Verizon and the resale of the receivables to the Purchasers. The 
assets of the Sellers are not available to be used to satisfy obligations 
of any Verizon entities other than the Sellers. We determined that the 
Sellers are VIEs as they lack sufficient equity to finance their activities. 
Given that we have the power to direct the activities of the Sellers that 
most significantly impact the Sellers’ economic performance, we are 
deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the Sellers. As a result, we 
consolidate the assets and liabilities of the Sellers into our consoli-
dated financial statements.

Continuing Involvement
Verizon has continuing involvement with the sold receivables as 
it services the receivables. We continue to service the customer 
and their related receivables on behalf of the Purchasers, including 
facilitating customer payment collection, in exchange for a monthly 
servicing fee. While servicing the receivables, the same policies and 
procedures are applied to the sold receivables that apply to owned 
receivables, and we continue to maintain normal relationships with our 
customers. The credit quality of the customers we continue to service 
is consistent throughout the periods presented. To date, we have 
collected and remitted approximately $7.1 billion, net of fees. To date, 
cash proceeds received, net of remittances, were $3.0 billion. During 
2016, credit losses on receivables sold were $0.2 billion.

In addition, we have continuing involvement related to the sold receiv-
ables as we may be responsible for absorbing additional credit losses 
pursuant to the agreements. The Company’s maximum exposure to 
loss related to the involvement with the Sellers is limited to the amount 
of the outstanding deferred purchase price, which was $1.6 billion as 
of December 31, 2016. The maximum exposure to loss represents 
an estimated loss that would be incurred under severe, hypothetical 
circumstances whereby the Company would not receive the portion of 
the proceeds withheld by the Purchasers. As we believe the probability 
of these circumstances occurring is remote, the maximum exposure to 
loss is not an indication of the Company’s expected loss.

Note 8
Fair Value Measurements and Financial 
Instruments

Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The following table presents the balances of assets and liabilities 
measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2016:

Level 1(1)

Level 2(2)

Level 3(3)

Total

(dollars in millions)

Assets:
Other assets:

  $ 

Equity securities
Fixed income securities  
Interest rate swaps
Cross currency swaps
Interest rate cap

Total

Liabilities:
Other liabilities:

Interest rate swaps
Cross currency swaps

Total

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

123
10
–
–
–
133

  $ 

  $ 

–
566
71
45
10
692

  $ 

  $ 

–
–
–

  $ 

236
  1,803
  $  2,039

  $ 

  $ 

–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–

  $ 

  $ 

123
576
71
45
10
825

  $ 

236
  1,803
  $  2,039

The following table presents the balances of assets and liabilities 
measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2015:

Level 1(1)

Level 2(2)

Level 3(3)

Total

(dollars in millions)

Assets:
Short-term investments:
Equity securities
Fixed income securities  

  $ 

Other current assets:

  $ 

265
–

Fixed income securities  

250

  $ 

–
85

–

Other assets:

Fixed income securities  
Interest rate swaps
Net investment hedges
Cross currency swaps

Total

Liabilities:
Other liabilities:

Interest rate swaps
Cross currency swaps
Forward interest  
rate swaps

Total

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

–
–
–
–
515

928
128
13
1
  $  1,155

  $ 

–
–

–
–

  $ 

19
  1,638

  $ 

24
  $  1,681

  $ 

–
–

–

–
–
–
–
–

–
–

–
–

  $ 

265
85

250

928
128
13
1
  $  1,670

  $ 

19
  1,638

24
  $  1,681

(1)  quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

(2)  observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and 

liabilities

(3) no observable pricing inputs in the market

Equity securities consist of investments in common stock of domestic 
and international corporations measured using quoted prices in 
active markets.

Fixed income securities consist primarily of investments in municipal 
bonds as well as U.S. Treasury securities. We use quoted prices in 
active markets for our U.S. Treasury securities, therefore these secu-
rities are classified as Level 1. For all other fixed income securities that 

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

do not have quoted prices in active markets, we use alternative matrix 
pricing resulting in these debt securities being classified as Level 2.

pricing for fair value measurements of our derivative instruments. Our 
derivative instruments are recorded on a gross basis.

Derivative contracts are valued using models based on readily observ-
able market parameters for all substantial terms of our derivative 
contracts and thus are classified within Level 2. We use mid- market 

We recognize transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy as of 
the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers within the fair 
value hierarchy during 2016.

Fair Value of Short-term and Long-term Debt
The fair value of our debt is determined using various methods, including quoted prices for identical terms and maturities, which is a Level 1 mea-
surement, as well as quoted prices for similar terms and maturities in inactive markets and future cash flows discounted at current rates, which 
are Level 2 measurements. The fair value of our short-term and long-term debt, excluding capital leases, was as follows:

At December 31,

Short- and long-term debt, excluding capital leases

Derivative Instruments
Interest Rate Swaps
We enter into interest rate swaps to achieve a targeted mix of fixed 
and variable rate debt. We principally receive fixed rates and pay 
variable rates based on LIBOR, resulting in a net increase or decrease 
to Interest expense. These swaps are designated as fair value hedges 
and hedge against interest rate risk exposure of designated debt 
issuances. We record the interest rate swaps at fair value on our 
consolidated balance sheets as assets and liabilities. Changes in the 
fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded to Interest expense, 
which are offset by changes in the fair value of the hedged debt due to 
changes in interest rates.

During 2015, we entered into interest rate swaps with a total notional 
value of $5.8 billion. During 2016, we entered into interest rate swaps 
with a total notional value of $6.3 billion and settled $0.9 billion notional 
amount of interest rate swaps. The ineffective portion of these interest 
rate swaps was not material at December 31, 2016 and 2015.

Forward Interest Rate Swaps
In order to manage our exposure to future interest rate changes, we 
have entered into forward interest rate swaps. We designated these 
contracts as cash flow hedges. During 2015, we settled $2.0 billion 
notional amount of forward interest rate swaps for a pre-tax loss that 
was not material, and entered into forward interest rate swaps with a 
total notional value of $0.8 billion. During 2016, we entered into forward 
interest rate swaps with a total notional value of $1.3 billion and settled 
$2.0 billion notional amount of these forward interest rate swaps. 
During 2016, a pre-tax loss of $0.2 billion was recognized in Other 
comprehensive income (loss). During 2015, a pre-tax loss of $0.1 billion 
was recognized in Other comprehensive income (loss).

Cross Currency Swaps
We have entered into cross currency swaps designated as cash 
flow hedges to exchange our British Pound Sterling and Euro- 
denominated debt into U.S. dollars and to fix our future interest and 
principal payments in U.S. dollars, as well as to mitigate the impact 
of foreign currency transaction gains or losses. During 2015, we 
settled $0.6 billion of cross currency swaps on maturity. During 2016, 
we entered into cross currency swaps with a total notional value of 
$3.3 billion and settled $0.1 billion notional amount of cross currency 
swaps upon redemption of the related debt.

Carrying 
Amount
$  107,128

2016
Fair  
Value
$  117,584

Carrying  
Amount
$  108,772

(dollars in millions)

2015
Fair  
Value
$  118,216

A portion of the gains and losses recognized in Other comprehensive 
income (loss) was reclassified to Other income and (expense), net to 
offset the related pre-tax foreign currency transaction gain or loss on 
the underlying debt obligations. During 2016 and 2015, pre-tax losses 
of $0.1 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively, were recognized in Other 
comprehensive income (loss) with respect to these swaps.

Net Investment Hedges
We have designated certain foreign currency instruments as net 
investment hedges to mitigate foreign exchange exposure related 
to non-U.S. dollar net investments in certain foreign subsidiaries 
against changes in foreign exchange rates. During 2015, we entered 
into foreign currency forward contracts with a total notional value of 
$0.9 billion and designated them as net investment hedges. During 
2016, we de- designated and settled these hedges. We simultaneously 
designated $0.8 billion total notional value of Euro- denominated debt 
as a net investment hedge.

Undesignated Derivatives
We also have the following derivative which we use as an economic 
hedge but for which we have elected not to apply hedge accounting.

Interest Rate Caps
We enter into interest rate caps to mitigate our interest exposure to 
interest rate increases on our ABS Financing Facility. During 2016, we 
entered into such interest rate caps with a notional value of $2.5 billion 
and recognized an immaterial reduction in Interest expense.

The following table sets forth the notional amounts of our outstanding 
derivative instruments:

(dollars in millions)
Interest rate swaps
Forward interest rate swaps
Cross currency swaps
Net investment hedge
Interest rate caps

At December 31, 2016
Notional Amount

$  13,099  
–  
  12,890  
–  
  2,540  

At December 31, 2015
Notional Amount
$  7,620
750
  9,675
864
–

Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments that subject us to concentrations of credit risk 
consist primarily of temporary cash investments, short-term and 
long-term investments, trade receivables, including device payment 
plan agreement receivables, certain notes receivable, including 
lease receivables, and derivative contracts. Our policy is to deposit 

66 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

our temporary cash investments with major financial institutions. 
Counterparties to our derivative contracts are also major financial 
institutions with whom we have negotiated derivatives agreements 
(ISDA master agreement) and credit support annex agreements which 
provide rules for collateral exchange. We generally apply collateralized 
arrangements with our counterparties for uncleared derivatives to 
mitigate credit risk. At December 31, 2016 and 2015, we posted collat-
eral of approximately $0.2 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively, related 
to derivative contracts under collateral exchange arrangements, which 
were recorded as Prepaid expenses and other in our consolidated 
balance sheets. During the first and second quarters of 2015, we paid 
an immaterial amount of cash to enter into amendments to certain 
collateral exchange arrangements. These amendments suspend cash 
collateral posting for a specified period of time by both counterpar-
ties. We are in the process of negotiating extensions to amendments 
expiring during 2017. We may enter into swaps on an uncollateral-
ized basis in certain circumstances. While we may be exposed to 
credit losses due to the nonperformance of our counterparties, we 
consider the risk remote and do not expect the settlement of these 
transactions to have a material effect on our results of operations or 
financial condition.

Note 9
Stock-Based Compensation

Verizon Communications Long-Term Incentive Plan
The Verizon Communications Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (the 
Plan) permits the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, 
restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, perfor-
mance stock units and other awards. The maximum number of shares 
available for awards from the Plan is 119.6 million shares.

Restricted Stock Units
The Plan provides for grants of Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) that 
generally vest at the end of the third year after the grant. The RSUs 
are generally classified as equity awards because the RSUs will be 
paid in Verizon common stock upon vesting. The RSU equity awards 
are measured using the grant date fair value of Verizon common stock 
and are not remeasured at the end of each reporting period. Dividend 
equivalent units are also paid to participants at the time the RSU award 
is paid, and in the same proportion as the RSU award.

Performance Stock Units
The Plan also provides for grants of Performance Stock Units (PSUs) 
that generally vest at the end of the third year after the grant. As 
defined by the Plan, the Human Resources Committee of the Board of 
Directors determines the number of PSUs a participant earns based 
on the extent to which the corresponding performance goals have 
been achieved over the three-year performance cycle. The PSUs are 
classified as liability awards because the PSU awards are paid in cash 
upon vesting. The PSU award liability is measured at its fair value at the 
end of each reporting period and, therefore, will fluctuate based on the 
price of Verizon common stock as well as performance relative to the 
targets. Dividend equivalent units are also paid to participants at the 
time that the PSU award is determined and paid, and in the same pro-
portion as the PSU award. The granted and cancelled activity for the 
PSU award includes adjustments for the performance goals achieved.

The following table summarizes Verizon’s Restricted Stock Unit and 
Performance Stock Unit activity:

(shares in thousands)
Outstanding January 1, 2014
Granted
Payments
Cancelled/Forfeited
Outstanding December 31, 2014
Granted
Payments
Cancelled/Forfeited
Outstanding December 31, 2015
Granted
Payments
Cancelled/Forfeited
Adjustments
Outstanding December 31, 2016

Restricted 
Stock Units
16,193
5,278
(6,202)
(262)
15,007
4,958
(5,911)
(151)
13,903
4,409
(4,890)
(114)
–
13,308

Performance 
Stock Units
23,724
7,359
(9,153)
(1,964)
19,966
7,044
(6,732)
(3,075)
17,203
6,391
(4,702)
(1,143)
170
17,919

As of December 31, 2016, unrecognized compensation expense 
related to the unvested portion of Verizon’s RSUs and PSUs was 
approximately $0.3 billion and is expected to be recognized over 
approximately two years.

The RSUs granted in 2016 and 2015 have  weighted- average grant 
date fair values of $51.86 and $48.15 per unit, respectively. During 
2016, 2015 and 2014, we paid $0.4 billion, $0.4 billion and $0.6 billion, 
respectively, to settle RSUs and PSUs classified as liability awards.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense
After-tax compensation expense for stock-based compensation 
related to RSUs and PSUs described above included in Net income 
attributable to Verizon was $0.4 billion, $0.3 billion and $0.3 billion for 
2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Note 10
Employee Benefits

We maintain non- contributory defined benefit pension plans for certain 
employees. In addition, we maintain postretirement health care and 
life insurance plans for certain retirees and their dependents, which 
are both contributory and non- contributory, and include a limit on our 
share of the cost for certain recent and future retirees. In accordance 
with our accounting policy for pension and other postretirement 
benefits, operating expenses include pension and benefit related 
credits and/or charges based on actuarial assumptions, including 
projected discount rates, an estimated return on plan assets, and 
health care trend rates. These estimates are updated in the fourth 
quarter to reflect actual return on plan assets and updated actuarial 
assumptions. The adjustment is recognized in the income statement 
during the fourth quarter or upon a remeasurement event pursuant to 
our accounting policy for the recognition of actuarial gains and losses.

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Pension and other postretirement benefits for certain employees are 
subject to collective bargaining agreements. Modifications in benefits 
have been bargained from time to time, and we may also periodically 
amend the benefits in the management plans. The following tables 
summarize benefit costs, as well as the benefit obligations, plan assets, 
funded status and rate assumptions associated with pension and post-
retirement health care and life insurance benefit plans.

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 |   67

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Obligations and Funded Status

At December 31,
Change in Benefit Obligations
Beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Plan amendments
Actuarial (gain) loss, net
Benefits paid
Curtailment and termination benefits
Settlements paid
Divestiture (Note 2)
End of year

Change in Plan Assets
Beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Company contributions
Benefits paid
Settlements paid
Divestiture (Note 2)
End of year

Funded Status
End of year

2016

$  22,016
322
677
428
1,017
(938)
4
(1,270)
(1,144)
$  21,112

$  16,124
882
837
(938)
(1,270)
(972)
$  14,663

Pension
2015

$  25,320
374
969
–
(1,361)
(971)
–
(2,315)
–
$  22,016

$  18,548
118
744
(971)
(2,315)
–
$  16,124

(dollars in millions)

Health Care and Life
2015

2016

$  24,223
193
746
(5,142)
1,289
(1,349)
–
–
(310)
$  19,650

$ 

$ 

1,760
35
917
(1,349)
–
–
1,363

$  27,097
324
1,117
(45)
(2,733)
(1,370)
–
–
(167)
$  24,223

$ 

$ 

2,435
28
667
(1,370)
–
–
1,760

$ 

(6,449)

$ 

(5,892)

$  (18,287)

$  (22,463)

As a result of the Access Line Sale which closed on April 1, 2016, we derecognized $0.7 billion of defined benefit pension and other postre-
tirement benefit plan obligations, including $0.2 billion that had been reclassified to Non- current liabilities related to assets held for sale in our 
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015. See Note 2 for additional details.

At December 31,
Amounts recognized on the balance sheet

Noncurrent assets
Current liabilities
Noncurrent liabilities
Total

Amounts recognized in Accumulated Other  

Comprehensive Income (Pre-tax)
Prior Service Cost (Benefit)
Total

2016

2
(88)
(6,363)
(6,449)

443
443

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

Pension
2015

349
(93)
(6,148)
(5,892)

(dollars in millions)

Health Care and Life
2015

2016

$ 

–
(639)
  (17,648)
$  (18,287)

$ 

–
(695)
  (21,768)
$  (22,463)

(51)
(51)

$ 
$ 

(6,072)
(6,072)

$ 
$ 

(2,038)
(2,038)

The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $21.1 billion and $22.0 billion at December 31, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively.

2016 Collective Bargaining Negotiations
In the collective bargaining agreements ratified in June 2016, Verizon’s 
annual postretirement benefit obligation for retiree healthcare remains 
capped at the levels established by the previous contracts ratified in 
2012. Effective January 2016, prior to reaching these new collective 
bargaining agreements, certain retirees began to pay for the costs 
of retiree healthcare in accordance with the provisions relating to 
caps in the previous contracts. In reaching new collective bargaining 
agreements in 2016, there is a mutual understanding that the sub-
stantive postretirement benefit plans provide that Verizon’s annual 
postretirement benefit obligation for retiree healthcare is capped 

and, accordingly, we began accounting for the contractual healthcare 
caps in June 2016. We also adopted changes to our defined benefit 
pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans to reflect the 
agreed upon terms and conditions of the collective bargaining agree-
ments. The impact was a reduction in our postretirement benefit 
plan obligations of approximately $5.1 billion and an increase in our 
defined benefit pension plan obligations of approximately $0.4 billion, 
which have been recorded as a net increase to Accumulated other 
comprehensive income of $2.9 billion (net of taxes of $1.8 billion). The 
amount recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income will 
be reclassified to net periodic benefit cost on a  straight-line basis over 

68 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

the average remaining service period of the respective plans’ partic-
ipants which, on a  weighted- average basis, is 12.2 years for defined 
benefit pension plans and 7.8 years for other postretirement benefit 
plans. The above-noted reclassification resulted in a decrease to net 
periodic benefit cost and increase to pre-tax income of approximately 
$0.4 billion during 2016.

Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in 
excess of plan assets follows:

At December 31,
Projected benefit obligation
Accumulated benefit obligation
Fair value of plan assets

2016
$  21,048
  20,990
  14,596

(dollars in millions)

2015
$  21,694
  21,636
  15,452

Net Periodic Cost
The following table summarizes the benefit (income) cost related to our pension and postretirement health care and life insurance plans:

(dollars in millions)

Years Ended December 31,
Service cost
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)
Expected return on plan assets
Interest cost
Remeasurement (gain) loss, net
Net periodic benefit (income) cost
Curtailment and termination benefits
Total

$ 

2016
322
21
  (1,045)
677
  1,198
  1,173
4
$  1,177

2015
374
(5)
(1,270)
969
(209)
(141)
–
(141)

$ 

$ 

$ 

Pension
2014
327
(8)
(1,181)
  1,035
  2,380
  2,553
11
$  2,564

$ 

2016
193
(657)
(54)
746
  1,300
  1,528
–
$  1,528

$ 

$ 

Health Care and Life
2014
258
(253)
(161)
  1,107
  4,615
  5,566
–
$  5,566

2015
324
(287)
(101)
  1,117
(2,659)
(1,606)
–
(1,606)

$ 

Other pre-tax changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss are as follows:

(dollars in millions)

At December 31,
Prior service cost (benefit)
Reversal of amortization items
Prior service cost (benefit)
Amounts reclassified to net income

Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss (pre-tax)

2016
428

(21)
87
494

$ 

$ 

Pension
2015
–

$ 

5
–
5

$ 

Health Care and Life
2015
(45)

$ 

2016
$  (5,142)

657
451
$  (4,034)

287
–
242

$ 

Amounts reclassified to net income for the year ended December 31, 2016 includes the reclassification to Selling, general and administrative 
expense of a pre-tax pension and postretirement benefit curtailment gain of $0.5 billion ($0.3 billion net of taxes) due to the transfer of employees 
to Frontier, which caused the elimination of a significant amount of future service in three of our defined benefit pension plans and one of our 
other postretirement benefit plans requiring us to recognize a portion of the prior service credits. See Note 2 for additional detail.

The estimated prior service cost for the defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from Accumulated other comprehensive income into 
net periodic benefit (income) cost over the next fiscal year is not significant. The estimated prior service cost for the defined benefit postretire-
ment plans that will be amortized from Accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit (income) cost over the next fiscal year 
is ($0.9) billion.

Assumptions
The  weighted- average assumptions used in determining benefit obligations follow:

At December 31,
Discount Rate
Rate of compensation increases

2016
4.30%
3.00

Pension
2015
4.60%
3.00

Health Care and Life
2015
4.60%
N/A

2016
4.20%
N/A

The  weighted- average assumptions used in determining net periodic cost follow:

At December 31,
Discount rate in effect for determining service cost
Discount rate in effect for determining interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Rate of compensation increases

2016
4.50%
3.20
7.00
3.00

2015
4.20%
4.20
7.25
3.00

Pension
2014
5.00%
5.00
7.25
3.00

2016
4.50%
3.40
3.80
N/A

Health Care and Life
2014
5.00%
5.00
5.50
N/A

2015
4.20%
4.20
4.80
N/A

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Effective January 1, 2016, we changed the method we use to estimate 
the interest component of net periodic benefit cost for pension and 
other postretirement benefits. Historically, we estimated the interest 
cost component utilizing a single  weighted- average discount rate 
derived from the yield curve used to measure the benefit obligation 
at the beginning of the period. We have elected to utilize a full yield 
curve approach in the estimation of interest cost by applying the 
specific spot rates along the yield curve used in the determination of 
the benefit obligation to the relevant projected cash flows. We have 
made this change to provide a more precise measurement of interest 
cost by improving the correlation between projected benefit cash 
flows to the corresponding spot yield curve rates. We have accounted 
for this change as a change in accounting estimate and accordingly 
accounted for it prospectively.

For the year ended December 31, 2016, the impact of this change on 
our consolidated GAAP results was a reduction of the interest cost 
component of net periodic benefit cost by approximately $0.4 billion. 
The use of the full yield curve approach does not impact how we 
measure our total benefit obligations at year end or our annual net 
periodic benefit cost as any change in the interest cost component is 
completely offset by the actuarial gain or loss measured at year end 
which is immediately recognized in the income statement. Accordingly, 
this change in estimate did not impact our income from continuing 
operations, net income or earnings per share as measured on an 
annual basis.

In determining our pension and other postretirement benefit obliga-
tions, we used a  weighted- average discount rate of 4.2%. The rate was 
selected to approximate the composite interest rates available on a 
selection of high- quality bonds available in the market at December 31, 
2016. The bonds selected had maturities that coincided with the time 
periods during which benefits payments are expected to occur, were 
non- callable and available in sufficient quantities to ensure market-
ability (at least $0.3 billion par outstanding).

In order to project the long-term target investment return for the total 
portfolio, estimates are prepared for the total return of each major 
asset class over the subsequent 10-year period. Those estimates are 
based on a combination of factors including the current market interest 
rates and valuation levels, consensus earnings expectations and his-
torical long-term risk premiums. To determine the aggregate return for 
the pension trust, the projected return of each individual asset class is 
then weighted according to the allocation to that investment area in the 
trust’s long-term asset allocation policy.

The assumed health care cost trend rates follow:

At December 31,
Healthcare cost trend rate assumed 

for next year

Rate to which cost trend rate gradually 

Health Care and Life
2014

2015

2016

6.50%

6.00%

6.50%

declines

4.50

4.50

4.75

Year the rate reaches the level it is 
assumed to remain thereafter

2025

2024

2022

A one- percentage point change in the assumed health care cost trend 
rate would have the following effects:

Plan Assets
The company’s overall investment strategy is to achieve a mix of 
assets which allows us to meet projected benefit payments while 
taking into consideration risk and return. While target allocation 
percentages will vary over time, the current target allocation for plan 
assets is designed so that 65% of the assets have the objective of 
achieving a return in excess of the growth in liabilities (comprised of 
public equities, private equities, real estate, hedge funds and emerging 
debt) and 35% of the assets are invested as liability hedging assets 
(where cash flows from investments better match projected benefit 
payments, typically longer duration fixed income). This allocation 
will shift as funded status improves to a higher allocation of liability 
hedging assets. Target policies will be revisited periodically to 
ensure they are in line with fund objectives. Both active and passive 
management approaches are used depending on perceived market 
efficiencies and various other factors. Due to our diversification and 
risk control processes, there are no significant concentrations of risk, 
in terms of sector, industry, geography or company names.

Pension and healthcare and life plans assets do not include significant 
amounts of Verizon common stock.

Pension Plans
The fair values for the pension plans by asset category at 
December 31, 2016 are as follows:

(dollars in millions)

Asset Category
Cash and cash equivalents
Equity securities
Fixed income securities

U.S. Treasuries and agencies
Corporate bonds
International bonds

Real estate
Other

Private equity
Hedge funds

Total investments at fair value

Total

Level 1

Level 2

 $  1,228  $  1,219  $ 
    1,883     1,883    

Level 3
–
–

9  $ 
–    

    1,251    
    2,375    
713    
655    

880    
371    
152     2,126    
679    
–    

20    
–    

–
97
14
655

624    
526    

624
–    
4
–    
    9,255     4,154     3,707     1,394

–    
522    

Investments measured at NAV     5,408

Total

 $ 14,663  $  4,154  $  3,707  $  1,394

The fair values for the pension plans by asset category at 
December 31, 2015 are as follows:

(dollars in millions)

Asset Category
Cash and cash equivalents
Equity securities
Fixed income securities

U.S. Treasuries and agencies
Corporate bonds
International bonds
Other
Real estate
Other

Private equity
Hedge funds

Total investments at fair value

Total

Level 1

Level 2

 $  1,387  $  1,375  $ 
    2,237     2,234    

Level 3
–
3

12  $ 
–    

    1,265    
    2,350    
710    
2    
873    

884    
381    
192     2,030    
657    
2    
–    

33    
–    
–    

–
128
20
–
873

609    
194    

609
–    
–
–    
    9,627     4,718     3,276     1,633

–    
194    

One- Percentage Point
Effect on 2016 service and interest cost
Effect on postretirement benefit obligation as of 

Increase
$  100

Decrease
(81)
$ 

Total

December 31, 2016

  609

  (616)

 $ 16,124  $  4,718  $  3,276  $  1,633

(dollars in millions)

Investments measured at NAV     6,497

70 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of pension plan assets that are measured at fair value using significant 
unobservable inputs:

Balance at January 1, 2015
Actual gain (loss) on plan assets
Purchases and sales
Transfers in (out)
Balance at December 31, 2015
Actual gain (loss) on plan assets
Purchases and sales
Balance at December 31, 2016

$ 

Equity 
Securities
1
–
–
2
3
(1)
(2)
–

$ 

$ 

$ 

Corporate 
Bonds
100
6
18
4
128
(9)
(22)
97

$ 

$ 

$ 

International 
Bonds
18
(2)
5
(1)
20
(2)
(4)
14

$ 

$ 

Real  
Estate
692
93
(24)
112
873
169
(387)
655

$ 

$ 

$ 

Private  
Equity
624
45
(60)
–
609
12
3
624

$ 

$ 

$ 

Hedge  
Funds
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
4

$ 

$ 

$ 

(dollars in millions)

Total
$  1,435
142
(61)
117
$  1,633
169
(408)
$  1,394

Commingled funds not traded on national exchanges are priced by 
the funds’ custodian or administrator at NAV. Commingled funds held 
by third-party custodians appointed by the fund managers provide the 
fund managers with a NAV. The fund managers have the responsibility 
for providing this information to the custodian of the respective plan.

The investment manager of the entity values venture capital, corporate 
finance, and natural resource limited partnership investments. Real 
estate investments are valued at amounts based upon appraisal 
reports prepared by either independent real estate appraisers or the 
investment manager using discounted cash flows or market compa-
rable data. Loans secured by mortgages are carried at the lesser of 
the unpaid balance or appraised value of the underlying properties. 
The values assigned to these investments are based upon available 
and current market information and do not necessarily represent 
amounts which might ultimately be realized. Because of the inherent 
uncertainty of valuation, estimated fair values might differ significantly 
from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the 
securities existed. These differences could be material.

Forward currency contracts, futures, and options are valued by the 
trustee at the exchange rates and market prices prevailing on the last 
business day of the year. Both exchange rates and market prices are 
readily available from published sources. These securities are classi-
fied by the asset class of the underlying holdings.

Hedge funds are valued by the custodian at NAV based on statements 
received from the investment manager. These funds are valued in 
accordance with the terms of their corresponding offering or private 
placement memoranda.

Commingled funds, hedge funds, venture capital, corporate finance, 
natural resource and real estate limited partnership investments for 
which fair value is measured using the NAV per share as a practical 
expedient are not leveled within the fair value hierarchy and are 
included as a reconciling item to total investments.

Health Care and Life Plans
The fair values for the other postretirement benefit plans by asset 
category at December 31, 2016 are as follows:

(dollars in millions)

Asset Category
Cash and cash equivalents
Equity securities
Fixed income securities

Total
  $  131   $ 
  463  

Level 1

Level 2
1   $  130   $ 

  463  

–  

Level 3
–
–

U.S. Treasuries and agencies
Corporate bonds
International bonds

Total investments at fair value

Investments measured at NAV  

23  
  170  
60  
  847  
  516

22  
  145  
30  
  661  

1  
25  
30  
  186  

Total

  $  1,363   $  661   $  186   $ 

–
–
–
–

–

The fair values for the other postretirement benefit plans by asset 
category at December 31, 2015 are as follows:

(dollars in millions)

Asset Category
Cash and cash equivalents
Equity securities
Fixed income securities

Total
  $  162   $ 
  768  

Level 1

Level 2
–   $  162   $ 

  752  

16  

Level 3
–
–

U.S. Treasuries and agencies
Corporate bonds
International bonds

Total investments at fair value

Investments measured at NAV  

21  
  208  
79  
  1,238  
  522

19  
  133  
19  
  923  

2  
75  
60  
  315  

Total

  $  1,760   $  923   $  315   $ 

–
–
–
–

–

The following are general descriptions of asset categories, as well 
as the valuation methodologies and inputs used to determine the fair 
value of each major category of assets.

Cash and cash equivalents include short-term investment funds, 
primarily in diversified portfolios of investment grade money market 
instruments and are valued using quoted market prices or other 
valuation methods.

Investments in securities traded on national and foreign securities 
exchanges are valued by the trustee at the last reported sale prices on 
the last business day of the year or, if no sales were reported on that 
date, at the last reported bid prices. Government obligations, corporate 
bonds, international bonds and asset- backed securities are valued 
using matrix prices with input from independent third-party valuation 
sources. Over-the- counter securities are valued at the bid prices or the 
average of the bid and ask prices on the last business day of the year 
from published sources or, if not available, from other sources consid-
ered reliable such as multiple broker quotes.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Employer Contributions
In 2016, we contributed $0.8 billion to our qualified pension plans 
which included $0.2 billion of discretionary contributions, $0.1 billion 
to our nonqualified pension plans and $1.1 billion to our other post-
retirement benefit plans. We anticipate a minimum contribution of 
$0.6 billion to our qualified pension plans in 2017. Nonqualified pension 
plans contributions are estimated to be $0.1 billion and contributions to 
our other postretirement benefit plans are estimated to be $0.8 billion 
in 2017.

Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The benefit payments to retirees are expected to be paid as follows:

Year
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022–2026

Pension Benefits
$  2,356
  1,790
  1,722
  1,204
  1,189
  5,777

(dollars in millions)

Health Care and Life

$  1,259
  1,284
  1,290
  1,302
  1,327
  6,616

Savings Plan and Employee Stock Ownership Plans
We maintain four leveraged employee stock ownership plans (ESOP). 
We match a certain percentage of eligible employee contributions to 
the savings plans with shares of our common stock from this ESOP. 
At December 31, 2016, the number of allocated shares of common 
stock in this ESOP was 55 million. There were no unallocated shares 
of common stock in this ESOP at December 31, 2016. All leveraged 
ESOP shares are included in earnings per share computations.

Total savings plan costs were $0.7 billion in 2016, $0.9 billion in 2015 
and $0.9 billion in 2014.

Severance Benefits
The following table provides an analysis of our actuarially determined 
severance liability recorded in accordance with the accounting 
standard regarding employers’ accounting for postemploy-
ment benefits:

Beginning 
of Year
$  757  
  875  
  800  

Charged to 
Expense

$  531  
  551  
  417  

(dollars in millions)

Payments
$  (406)
  (619)
  (583)  

$ 

Other
(7)
(7)
22  

End  
of Year
$  875
  800
  656

Year
2014
2015
2016

Severance, Pension and Benefit Charges (Credits)
During 2016, we recorded net pre-tax severance, pension and benefit 
charges of $2.9 billion in accordance with our accounting policy to 
recognize actuarial gains and losses in the period in which they occur. 
The pension and benefit remeasurement charges of $2.5 billion 
were primarily driven by a decrease in our discount rate assumption 
used to determine the current year liabilities of our pension and other 
postretirement benefit plans from a  weighted- average of 4.6% at 
December 31, 2015 to a  weighted- average of 4.2% at December 31, 
2016 ($2.1 billion), updated health care trend cost assumptions 
($0.9 billion), the difference between our estimated return on assets of 
7.0% and our actual return on assets of 6.0% ($0.2 billion) and other 
assumption adjustments ($0.3 billion). These charges were partially 
offset by a change in mortality assumptions primarily driven by the 
use of updated actuarial tables (MP-2016) issued by the Society of 
Actuaries ($0.5 billion) and lower negotiated prescription drug pricing 

($0.5 billion). As part of these charges, we also recorded severance 
costs of $0.4 billion under our existing separation plans.

The net pre-tax severance, pension and benefit charges during 2016 
were comprised of a net pre-tax pension remeasurement charge of 
$0.2 billion measured as of March 31, 2016 related to settlements for 
employees who received lump-sum distributions in one of our defined 
benefit pension plans, a net pre-tax pension and benefit remeasure-
ment charge of $0.8 billion measured as of April 1, 2016 related to 
curtailments in three of our defined benefit pension and one of our 
other postretirement plans, a net pre-tax pension and benefit remea-
surement charge of $2.7 billion measured as of May 31, 2016 in two 
defined benefit pension plans and three other postretirement benefit 
plans as a result of our accounting for the contractual healthcare caps 
and bargained for changes, a net pre-tax pension remeasurement 
charge of $0.1 billion measured as of May 31, 2016 related to settle-
ments for employees who received lump-sum distributions in three of 
our defined benefit pension plans, a net pre-tax pension remeasure-
ment charge of $0.6 billion measured as of August 31, 2016 related to 
settlements for employees who received lump-sum distributions in 
five of our defined benefit pension plans, and a net pre-tax pension 
and benefit credit of $1.9 billion as a result of our fourth quarter remea-
surement of our pension and other postretirement assets and liabilities 
based on updated actuarial assumptions.

During 2015, we recorded net pre-tax severance, pension and benefit 
credits of approximately $2.3 billion primarily for our pension and post-
retirement plans in accordance with our accounting policy to recognize 
actuarial gains and losses in the year in which they occur. The credits 
were primarily driven by an increase in our discount rate assumption 
used to determine the current year liabilities from a  weighted- average 
of 4.2% at December 31, 2014 to a  weighted- average of 4.6% at 
December 31, 2015 ($2.5 billion), the execution of a new prescription 
drug contract during 2015 ($1.0 billion) and a change in mortality 
assumptions primarily driven by the use of updated actuarial tables 
(MP-2015) issued by the Society of Actuaries ($0.9 billion), partially 
offset by the difference between our estimated return on assets of 
7.25% at December 31, 2014 and our actual return on assets of 0.7% at 
December 31, 2015 ($1.2 billion), severance costs recorded under our 
existing separation plans ($0.6 billion) and other assumption adjust-
ments ($0.3 billion).

During 2014, we recorded net pre-tax severance, pension and benefit 
charges of approximately $7.5 billion primarily for our pension and 
postretirement plans in accordance with our accounting policy 
to recognize actuarial gains and losses in the year in which they 
occur. The charges were primarily driven by a decrease in our 
discount rate assumption used to determine the current year lia-
bilities from a  weighted- average of 5.0% at December 31, 2013 to 
a  weighted- average of 4.2% at December 31, 2014 ($5.2 billion), a 
change in mortality assumptions primarily driven by the use of updated 
actuarial tables (RP-2014 and MP-2014) issued by the Society of 
Actuaries in October 2014 ($1.8 billion) and revisions to the retirement 
assumptions for participants and other assumption adjustments, 
partially offset by the difference between our estimated return on 
assets of 7.25% and our actual return on assets of 10.5% ($0.6 billion). 
As part of this charge, we recorded severance costs of $0.5 billion 
under our existing separation plans.

72 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Note 11
Taxes

The components of income before provision for income taxes are 
as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Domestic
Foreign
Total

(dollars in millions)

2016
 $  20,047
939
 $  20,986

2015
 $  27,639
601
 $  28,240

2014
 $  12,992
  2,278
 $  15,270

The components of the provision for income taxes are as follows:

The amounts of cash taxes paid are as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Income taxes, net of amounts 

refunded

Employment taxes
Property and other taxes
Total

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

2014

 $  9,577
  1,196
  1,796
 $  12,569

  $  5,293
  1,284
  1,868
  $  8,445

  $  4,093
  1,290
  1,797
  $  7,180

The increase in cash taxes paid during 2016 compared to 2015 was 
due to a $3.2 billion increase in income taxes paid primarily as a result 
of the Access Line Sale.

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

2014

Deferred taxes arise because of differences in the book and tax bases 
of certain assets and liabilities. Significant components of deferred tax 
assets and liabilities are as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Current

Federal
Foreign
State and Local
Total
Deferred

Federal
Foreign
State and Local
Total

Total income tax provision

 $  7,451
148
842
  8,441

 $  5,476
70
803
  6,349

 $  2,657
81
668
  3,406

(933)
(2)
(128)
(1,063)
 $  7,378

  3,377
9
130
  3,516
 $  9,865

(51)
(9)
(32)
(92)
 $  3,314

The following table shows the principal reasons for the difference 
between the effective income tax rate and the statutory federal income 
tax rate:

Years Ended December 31,
Statutory federal income tax rate
State and local income tax rate, 
net of federal tax benefits

Affordable housing credit
Employee benefits including 

ESOP dividend

Disposition of Omnitel Interest
Noncontrolling interests
Non- deductible goodwill
Other, net
Effective income tax rate

2016
35.0 %   

2015
35.0 %   

2014
35.0 %

2.2
(0.7)

2.1
(0.5)

(0.5)
–
(0.6)
2.2
(2.4)
35.2 %   

(0.4)
–
(0.5)
–
(0.8)
34.9 %   

2.7
(1.0)

(0.7)
(5.9)
(5.0)
–
(3.4)
21.7 %

The effective income tax rate for 2016 was 35.2% compared to 
34.9% for 2015. The increase in the effective income tax rate was 
primarily due to the impact of $527 million included in the provision for 
income taxes from goodwill not deductible for tax purposes in con-
nection with the Access Line Sale on April 1, 2016. This increase was 
partially offset by the impact that lower income before income taxes 
in the current period has on each of the reconciling items specified in 
the table above. The decrease in the provision for income taxes was 
primarily due to lower income before income taxes due to severance, 
pension and benefit charges recorded in 2016 compared to severance, 
pension and benefit credits recorded in 2015.

The effective income tax rate for 2015 was 34.9% compared to 
21.7% for 2014. The increase in the effective income tax rate and 
provision for income taxes was primarily due to the impact of higher 
income before income taxes due to severance, pension and benefit 
credits recorded in 2015 compared to severance, pension and benefit 
charges recorded in 2014, as well as tax benefits associated with 
the utilization of certain tax credits in connection with the Omnitel 
Transaction in 2014.

At December 31,
Employee benefits
Tax loss and credit carry forwards
Other —  assets

Valuation allowances
Deferred tax assets

Spectrum and other intangible amortization
Depreciation
Other —  liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax liability

(dollars in millions)

2016
  $  10,453
  3,318
  2,632
  16,403
  (2,473)
  13,930

2015
  $  12,220
  4,099
  2,504
  18,823
(3,414)
  15,409

  31,404
  22,848
  5,642
  59,894
  $  45,964

  29,945
  24,725
  6,125
  60,795
  $  45,386

At December 31, 2016, undistributed earnings of our foreign sub-
sidiaries indefinitely invested outside the United States amounted 
to approximately $2.3 billion. The majority of Verizon’s cash flow is 
generated from domestic operations and we are not dependent on 
foreign cash or earnings to meet our funding requirements, nor do we 
intend to repatriate these undistributed foreign earnings to fund U.S. 
operations. Furthermore, a portion of these undistributed earnings 
represent amounts that legally must be kept in reserve in accordance 
with certain foreign jurisdictional requirements and are unavailable 
for distribution or repatriation. As a result, we have not provided U.S. 
deferred taxes on these undistributed earnings because we intend that 
they will remain indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States and 
therefore unavailable for use in funding U.S. operations. Determination 
of the amount of unrecognized deferred taxes related to these undis-
tributed earnings is not practicable.

At December 31, 2016, we had net after-tax loss and credit carry 
forwards for income tax purposes of approximately $3.3 billion that 
primarily relate to state and foreign tax losses. Of these net after-tax 
loss and credit carry forwards, approximately $1.9 billion will expire 
between 2017 and 2036 and approximately $1.4 billion may be carried 
forward indefinitely.

During 2016, the valuation allowance decreased approximately 
$0.9 billion. The balance of the valuation allowance at December 31, 
2016 is primarily related to state and foreign tax losses and the 2016 
activity is primarily the result of the utilization and expiration of certain 
tax attributes.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of unrecognized 
tax benefits is as follows:

Note 12
Segment Information

Balance at January 1,
Additions based on tax positions 
related to the current year

Additions for tax positions of prior 

years

Reductions for tax positions of 

prior years

Settlements
Lapses of statutes of limitations
Balance at December 31,

(dollars in millions)

2016
  $  1,635

2015
  $  1,823

2014
  $  2,130

338

188

194

330

80

627

(153)
(18)
(88)
  $  1,902

(412)
(79)
(221)
  $  1,635

(278)
(239)
(497)
  $  1,823

Included in the total unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2016, 
2015 and 2014 is $1.5 billion, $1.2 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively, 
that if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate.

We recognized the following net after-tax (expenses) benefits related 
to interest and penalties in the provision for income taxes:

Years Ended December 31,
2016
2015
2014

$ 

(dollars in millions)
(25)
  43
  92

The after-tax accruals for the payment of interest and penalties in the 
consolidated balance sheets are as follows:

At December 31,
2016
2015

(dollars in millions)
$  142
  125

Verizon and/or its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal 
jurisdiction, and various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. As a 
large taxpayer, we are under audit by the Internal Revenue Service 
(IRS) and multiple state and foreign jurisdictions for various open tax 
years. The IRS is currently examining the Company’s U.S. income 
tax returns for tax years 2013–2014, Cellco Partnership’s U.S. income 
tax return for tax year 2013, and AOL’s U.S. income tax returns for tax 
years 2011–2012. Tax controversies are ongoing for tax years as early 
as 2006. The amount of the liability for unrecognized tax benefits will 
change in the next twelve months due to the expiration of the statute 
of limitations in various jurisdictions and it is reasonably possible that 
various current tax examinations will conclude or require reevaluations 
of the Company’s tax positions during this period. An estimate of the 
range of the possible change cannot be made until these tax matters 
are further developed or resolved.

Reportable Segments
We have two reportable segments, Wireless and Wireline, which 
we operate and manage as strategic business units and organize 
by products and services. We measure and evaluate our report-
able segments based on segment operating income, consistent 
with the chief operating decision maker’s assessment of segment 
performance.

Our segments and their principal activities consist of the following:

Segment
Wireless

Wireline

Description
Wireless’ communications products and services 
include wireless voice and data services and equipment 
sales, which are provided to consumer, business and 
government customers across the United States.

Wireline’s voice, data and video communications 
products and enhanced services include broadband 
video and data, corporate networking solutions, data 
center and cloud services, security and managed network 
services and local and long distance voice services. We 
provide these products and services to consumers in 
the United States, as well as to carriers, businesses and 
government customers both in the United States and 
around the world.

Corporate and other includes the results of our digital media, including 
AOL, telematics and other businesses, investments in unconsolidated 
businesses, unallocated corporate expenses, pension and other 
employee benefit related costs and lease financing. Corporate and 
other also includes the historical results of divested operations and 
other adjustments and gains and losses that are not allocated in 
assessing segment performance due to their non- operational nature. 
Although such transactions are excluded from the business segment 
results, they are included in reported consolidated earnings. Gains and 
losses that are not individually significant are included in all segment 
results as these items are included in the chief operating decision 
maker’s assessment of segment performance.

On April 1, 2016, we completed the Access Line Sale. On July 1, 2014, 
our Wireline segment sold a non- strategic business. See Note 2. 
The results of operations for these divestitures are included within 
Corporate and other for all periods presented to reflect comparable 
segment operating results consistent with the information regularly 
reviewed by our chief operating decision maker.

In addition, Corporate and other includes the results of our telematics 
businesses for all periods presented, which were reclassified from our 
Wireline segment effective April 1, 2016. The impact of this reclassifi-
cation was not material to our consolidated financial statements or our 
segment results of operations.

The reconciliation of segment operating revenues and expenses to 
consolidated operating revenues and expenses below also includes 
those items of a non- operational nature. We exclude from segment 
results the effects of certain items that management does not consider 
in assessing segment performance, primarily because of their non- 
operational nature.

We have adjusted prior period consolidated and segment information, 
where applicable, to conform to current year presentation.

74 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

The following table provides operating financial information for our two reportable segments:

2016
External Operating Revenues

Service
Equipment
Other

Consumer retail
Small business

Mass Markets
Global Enterprise
Global Wholesale
Other

Intersegment revenues

Total operating revenues

Cost of services
Wireless cost of equipment
Selling, general and administrative expense
Depreciation and amortization expense

Total operating expenses

Operating income

Assets
Plant, property and equipment, net
Capital expenditures

2015
External Operating Revenues

Service
Equipment
Other

Consumer retail
Small business

Mass Markets
Global Enterprise
Global Wholesale
Other

Intersegment revenues

Total operating revenues

Cost of services
Wireless cost of equipment
Selling, general and administrative expense
Depreciation and amortization expense

Total operating expenses

Operating income (loss)

Assets
Plant, property and equipment, net
Capital expenditures

Wireless

Wireline

(dollars in millions)

Total Reportable 
Segments

$ 

$ 

66,362
17,511
4,915
–
–
–
–
–
–
398
89,186

7,988
22,238
19,924
9,183
59,333
29,853

$  211,345
42,898
11,240

$ 

$ 

$ 

–
–
–
12,751
1,651
14,402
11,620
4,052
320
951
31,345

18,619
–
6,585
6,101
31,305
40

66,679
40,205
4,504

$ 

66,362
17,511
4,915
12,751
1,651
14,402
11,620
4,052
320
1,349
  120,531

26,607
22,238
26,509
15,284
90,638
29,893

$ 

$  278,024
83,103
15,744

Wireless

Wireline

(dollars in millions)

Total Reportable 
Segments

$ 

$ 

70,305
16,924
4,294
–
–
–
–
–
–
157
91,680

7,803
23,119
21,805
8,980
61,707
29,973

$  185,405
40,911
11,725

$ 

$ 

$ 

–
–
–
12,696
1,744
14,440
12,048
4,301
338
967
32,094

18,816
–
7,256
6,543
32,615
(521)

78,305
41,044
5,049

$ 

70,305
16,924
4,294
12,696
1,744
14,440
12,048
4,301
338
1,124
  123,774

26,619
23,119
29,061
15,523
94,322
29,452

$ 

$  263,710
81,955
16,774

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

2014
External Operating Revenues

Service
Equipment
Other

Consumer retail
Small business

Mass Markets
Global Enterprise
Global Wholesale
Other

Intersegment revenues

Total operating revenues

Cost of services
Wireless cost of equipment
Selling, general and administrative expense
Depreciation and amortization expense

Total operating expenses

Operating income (loss)

Assets
Plant, property and equipment, net
Capital expenditures

Wireless

Wireline

(dollars in millions)

Total Reportable 
Segments

$ 

$ 

72,555
10,957
4,021
–
–
–
–
–
–
113
87,646

7,200
21,625
23,602
8,459
60,886
26,760

$  160,333
38,276
10,515

$ 

$ 

$ 

–
–
–
12,168
1,829
13,997
12,802
4,520
527
947
32,793

19,413
–
7,394
6,817
33,624
(831)

76,629
50,318
5,750

$ 

72,555
10,957
4,021
12,168
1,829
13,997
12,802
4,520
527
1,060
  120,439

26,613
21,625
30,996
15,276
94,510
25,929

$ 

$  236,962
88,594
16,265

Reconciliation to Consolidated Financial Information
A reconciliation of the reportable segment operating revenues to consolidated operating revenues is as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Operating Revenues
Total reportable segments
Corporate and other
Reconciling items:

Impact of divested operations (Note 2)
Eliminations

Consolidated operating revenues

2016

2015

$  120,531
5,663

1,280
(1,494)
$  125,980

$  123,774
3,738

5,280
(1,172)
$  131,620

(dollars in millions)

2014

$  120,439
2,106

5,625
(1,091)
$  127,079

Fios revenues are included within our Wireline segment and amounted to approximately $11.2 billion, $10.7 billion, and $9.8 billion for the years 
ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

A reconciliation of the total of the reportable segments’ operating income to consolidated Income before provision for income taxes is as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Operating Income
Total reportable segments
Corporate and other
Reconciling items:

Severance, pension and benefit credits (charges) (Note 10)
Gain on access line sale (Note 2)
Gain on spectrum license transactions (Note 2)
Impact of divested operations (Note 2)
Other costs

Consolidated operating income
Equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated businesses
Other income and (expense), net
Interest expense
Income Before Provision for Income Taxes

2016

2015

(dollars in millions)

2014

$  29,893  
(1,721)  

(2,923)  
1,007  
142  
661  
–  
  27,059  
(98)  
(1,599)  
(4,376)  
$  20,986  

$  29,452  
(1,720)

2,256  
–  
254  
2,818  
–  
  33,060  

(86)
186  

(4,920)
$  28,240  

$  25,929
(1,217)

(7,507)
–
707
2,021
(334)
  19,599
1,780
(1,194)
(4,915)
$  15,270

76 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

A reconciliation of the total of the reportable segments’ assets to consolidated assets is as follows:

At December 31,
Assets
Total reportable segments
Corporate and other
Eliminations
Total consolidated

2016

$  278,024  
  213,787  
(247,631)  
$  244,180  

(dollars in millions)

2015

$  263,710
  205,476
(225,011)
$  244,175

No single customer accounted for more than 10% of our total operating revenues during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. 
International operating revenues and long-lived assets are not significant.

Note 13
Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income consists of net income and other gains and losses affecting equity that, under U.S. GAAP, are excluded from net income. 
Significant changes in the components of Other comprehensive income, net of provision for income taxes are described below.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The changes in the balances of Accumulated other comprehensive income by component are as follows:

(dollars in millions)
Balance at January 1, 2014

Other comprehensive income (loss)
Amounts reclassified to net income
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at December 31, 2014
Other comprehensive loss
Amounts reclassified to net income

Net other comprehensive loss
Balance at December 31, 2015

Other comprehensive income (loss)
Amounts reclassified to net income
Net other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at December 31, 2016

$ 

Foreign currency 
translation 
adjustments
853
(288)
(911)
(1,199)
(346)
(208)
–
(208)
(554)
(159)
–
(159)
(713)

$ 

$ 

Unrealized  
gain (loss) 
on cash flow 
hedges
113
(89)
(108)
(197)
(84)
(1,063)
869
(194)
(278)
(225)
423
198
(80)

$ 

Unrealized 
gain (loss) on 
marketable 
securities
117
$ 
14
(19)
(5)
112
(5)
(6)
(11)
101
(13)
(42)
(55)
46

$ 

Defined benefit 
pension and 
postretirement 
plans
$  1,275
–
154
154
  1,429
–
(148)
(148)
  1,281
  2,881
(742)
  2,139
$  3,420

Total
$  2,358
(363)
(884)
(1,247)
  1,111
(1,276)
715
(561)
550
  2,484
(361)
  2,123
$  2,673

The amounts presented above in net other comprehensive income (loss) are net of taxes. The amounts reclassified to net income related to foreign 
currency translation adjustments in the table above are included in Equity in (losses) earnings of unconsolidated businesses (see Note 2 for additional 
information). The amounts reclassified to net income related to defined benefit pension and postretirement plans in the table above are included in 
Cost of services and Selling, general and administrative expense on our consolidated statements of income (see Note 10 for additional information). 
The amounts reclassified to net income related to unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities in the table above are included in Other income and 
(expense), net on our consolidated statements of income. The amounts reclassified to net income related to unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges 
in the table above are included in Other income and (expense), net and Interest expense on our consolidated statements of income (see Note 8 for 
additional information).

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Note 14
Additional Financial Information

The tables that follow provide additional financial information related to 
our consolidated financial statements:

Income Statement Information

Years Ended December 31,
Depreciation expense
Interest costs on debt balances
Capitalized interest costs
Advertising expense

2016
 $  14,227
  5,080
(704)
  2,744

2015
 $  14,323
  5,504
(584)
  2,749

2014
 $  14,966
  5,291
(376)
  2,526

(dollars in millions)

Balance Sheet Information

At December 31,
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Accrued vacation, salaries and wages
Interest payable
Taxes payable

Other Current Liabilities
Advance billings and customer deposits
Dividends payable
Other

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

 $  7,084
  5,717
  3,813
  1,463
  1,516
 $  19,593

 $  5,700
  5,659
  4,420
  1,529
  2,054
 $  19,362

 $  2,914
  2,375
  2,789
 $  8,078

 $  2,969
  2,323
  3,446
 $  8,738

Cash Flow Information

Years Ended December 31,
Cash Paid
Interest, net of amounts capitalized

Other, net Cash Flows from 

Operating Activities

Changes in device 

payment plan agreement 
 receivables-non- current

Proceeds from Tower Monetization 

Transaction

Other, net

(dollars in millions)

2016

2015

2014

 $  4,085

 $  4,491

 $  4,429

 $ 

(3,303)

 $ 

(23)

 $ 

(1,010)

–
(1,082)
(4,385)

  2,346
(3,734)
(1,411)

 $ 

 $ 

–
(2,078)
(3,088)

 $ 

During the year ended December 31, 2016, Verizon did not repurchase 
any shares of Verizon’s common stock under our authorized share 
buyback program. During the year ended December 31, 2015, Verizon 
repurchased approximately 2.8 million shares of the Company’s 
common stock under our authorized share buyback program for 
approximately $0.1 billion. At December 31, 2016, the maximum 
number of shares that could be purchased by or on behalf of Verizon 
under our share buyback program was 97.2 million.

In addition to the previously authorized three-year share buyback 
program, in 2015, the Verizon Board of Directors authorized Verizon 
to enter into an accelerated share repurchase (ASR) agreement 
to  repurchase $5.0 billion of the Company’s common stock. On 
February 10, 2015, in exchange for an up-front payment totaling 
$5.0 billion, Verizon received an initial delivery of 86.2 million shares 
having a value of approximately $4.25 billion. On June 5, 2015, 
Verizon received an additional 15.4 million shares as final settlement 
of the transaction under the ASR agreement. In total, 101.6 million 
shares were delivered under the ASR at an average repurchase price 
of $49.21.

Common stock has been used from time to time to satisfy some of 
the funding requirements of employee and shareowner plans. During 
the year ended December 31, 2016, we issued 3.5 million common 
shares from Treasury stock, which had an immaterial aggregate value. 
During the year ended December 31, 2015, we issued 22.6 million 
common shares from Treasury stock, which had an aggregate value of 
$0.9 billion.

Note 15
Commitments and Contingencies

In the ordinary course of business, Verizon is involved in various com-
mercial litigation and regulatory proceedings at the state and federal 
level. Where it is determined, in consultation with counsel based on 
litigation and settlement risks, that a loss is probable and estimable 
in a given matter, the Company establishes an accrual. In none of 
the currently pending matters is the amount of accrual material. An 
estimate of the reasonably possible loss or range of loss in excess 
of the amounts already accrued cannot be made at this time due to 
various factors typical in contested proceedings, including (1) uncertain 
damage theories and demands; (2) a less than complete factual 
record; (3) uncertainty concerning legal theories and their resolution by 
courts or regulators; and (4) the unpredictable nature of the opposing 
party and its demands. We continuously monitor these proceedings 
as they develop and adjust any accrual or disclosure as needed. We 
do not expect that the ultimate resolution of any pending regulatory or 
legal matter in future periods, including the Hicksville matter described 
below, will have a material effect on our financial condition, but it 
could have a material effect on our results of operations for a given 
reporting period.

Reserves have been established to cover environmental matters 
relating to discontinued businesses and past telecommunications 
activities. These reserves include funds to address contamination 
at the site of a former Sylvania facility in Hicksville NY, which had 
processed nuclear fuel rods in the 1950s and 1960s. In September 
2005, the Army Corps of Engineers (ACE) accepted the site into its 
Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program. As a result, the ACE 
has taken primary responsibility for addressing the contamination at 
the site. An adjustment to the reserves may be made after a cost allo-
cation is conducted with respect to the past and future expenses of all 
of the parties. Adjustments to the environmental reserve may also be 
made based upon the actual conditions found at other sites requiring 
remediation.

78 

 |   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements continued

Verizon is currently involved in approximately 35 federal district court 
actions alleging that Verizon is infringing various patents. Most of these 
cases are brought by non- practicing entities and effectively seek only 
monetary damages; a small number are brought by companies that 
have sold products and could seek injunctive relief as well. These 
cases have progressed to various stages and a small number may go 
to trial in the coming 12 months if they are not otherwise resolved.

In connection with the execution of agreements for the sales of busi-
nesses and investments, Verizon ordinarily provides representations 
and warranties to the purchasers pertaining to a variety of nonfinancial 
matters, such as ownership of the securities being sold, as well as 
indemnity from certain financial losses. From time to time, counterpar-
ties may make claims under these provisions, and Verizon will seek to 
defend against those claims and resolve them in the ordinary course 
of business.

Subsequent to the sale of Verizon Information Services Canada in 
2004, we continue to provide a guarantee to publish directories, which 
was issued when the directory business was purchased in 2001 and 
had a 30-year term (before extensions). The preexisting guarantee 
continues, without modification, despite the subsequent sale of 
Verizon Information Services Canada and the spin-off of our domestic 
print and Internet yellow pages directories business. The possible 
financial impact of the guarantee, which is not expected to be adverse, 
cannot be reasonably estimated as a variety of the potential outcomes 

Note 16
Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)

available under the guarantee result in costs and revenues or benefits 
that may offset each other. We do not believe performance under the 
guarantee is likely.

As of December 31, 2016, letters of credit totaling approximately 
$0.4 billion, which were executed in the normal course of business and 
support several financing arrangements and payment obligations to 
third parties, were outstanding.

We have several commitments primarily to purchase programming and 
network services, equipment, software and marketing services, which 
will be used or sold in the ordinary course of business, from a variety 
of suppliers totaling $16.8 billion. Of this total amount, $6.9 billion is 
attributable to 2017, $6.4 billion is attributable to 2018 through 2019, 
$1.3 billion is attributable to 2020 through 2021 and $2.2 billion is 
attributable to years thereafter. These amounts do not represent our 
entire anticipated purchases in the future, but represent only those 
items that are the subject of contractual obligations. Our commitments 
are generally determined based on the noncancelable quantities 
or termination amounts. Purchases against our commitments 
totaled approximately $8.1 billion for 2016, $10.2 billion for 2015, and 
$21.0 billion for 2014. Since the commitments to purchase program-
ming services from television networks and broadcast stations have 
no minimum volume requirement, we estimated our obligation based 
on number of subscribers at December 31, 2016, and applicable rates 
stipulated in the contracts in effect at that time. We also purchase 
products and services as needed with no firm commitment.

Quarter Ended
2016
March 31
June 30
September 30
December 31

2015
March 31
June 30
September 30
December 31

Operating 
Revenues

$  32,171
  30,532
  30,937
  32,340

$  31,984
  32,224
  33,158
  34,254

Operating  
Income

$  7,942
  4,554
  6,540
  8,023

$  7,960
  7,821
  7,535
  9,744

Net Income attributable to Verizon(1)

(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

Amount

$  4,310
702
  3,620
  4,495

$  4,219
  4,231
  4,038
  5,391

Per Share — 
Basic

Per Share — 
Diluted

$ 

$ 

1.06
.17
.89
1.10

1.03
1.04
.99
1.32

$ 

$ 

1.06
.17
.89
1.10

1.02
1.04
.99
1.32

Net Income

$  4,430
831
  3,747
  4,600

$  4,338
  4,353
  4,171
  5,513

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

 Results of operations for the first quarter of 2016 include after-tax charges attributable to Verizon of $0.1 billion related to a pension remeasurement, as well as after-tax credits attribut-
able to Verizon of $0.1 billion related to a gain on spectrum license transactions.

 Results of operations for the second quarter of 2016 include after-tax charges attributable to Verizon of $2.2 billion related to pension and benefit remeasurements and after-tax charges 
attributable to Verizon of $1.1 billion related to early debt redemption costs, as well as after-tax credits attributable to Verizon of $0.1 billion related to a gain on the Access Line Sale.

 Results of operations for the third quarter of 2016 include after-tax charges attributable to Verizon of $0.5 billion related to a pension remeasurement and severance costs.

 Results of operations for the fourth quarter of 2016 include after-tax credits attributable to Verizon of $1.0 billion related to severance, pension and benefit credits.

 Results of operations for the third quarter of 2015 include after-tax charges attributable to Verizon of $0.2 billion related to a pension remeasurement.

 Results of operations for the fourth quarter of 2015 include after-tax credits attributable to Verizon of $1.6 billion related to severance, pension and benefit credits, as well as after-tax 
credits attributable to Verizon of $0.2 billion related to a gain on spectrum license transactions.

(1) Net income attributable to Verizon per common share is computed independently for each quarter and the sum of the quarters may not equal the annual amount.

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport   Verizon Communications Inc. and Subsidiaries 

 |   79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate officers and  
executive leadership

Lowell C. McAdam
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Matthew D. Ellis
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Caroline Armour
Senior Vice President of Internal Auditing

Roy H. Chestnutt
Executive Vice President— Strategy, Development  
and Planning

James J. Gerace
Senior Vice President and Chief Communications Officer

Roger Gurnani
Executive Vice President and Chief Information and  
Technology Architect

William L. Horton, Jr.
Senior Vice President, Deputy General Counsel and  
Corporate Secretary

Scott Krohn
Senior Vice President and Treasurer

Marc C. Reed
Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer

Diego Scotti
Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer

Craig L. Silliman
Executive Vice President of Public Policy and General 
Counsel

Anthony T. Skiadas
Senior Vice President and Controller

John G. Stratton
Executive Vice President and President of Operations

Marni M. Walden
Executive Vice President and President of Product 
Innovation and New Businesses

Board of Directors

Shellye L. Archambeau
Chief Executive Officer 
MetricStream, Inc.

Mark T. Bertolini
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Aetna Inc.

Richard L. Carrión
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Popular, Inc.

Melanie L. Healey
Former Group President  
The Procter & Gamble Company

M. Frances Keeth
Retired Executive Vice President 
Royal Dutch Shell plc

Karl- Ludwig Kley
Former Chairman of the Executive Board and  
Chief Executive Officer 
Merck KGaA

Lowell C. McAdam
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Verizon Communications Inc.

Clarence Otis, Jr.
Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Darden Restaurants, Inc.

Rodney E. Slater
Partner 
Squire Patton Boggs LLP

Kathryn A. Tesija
Former Executive Vice President and 
Chief Merchandising and Supply Chain Officer  
Target Corporation

Gregory D. Wasson
Former President and Chief Executive Officer 
Walgreens Boots Alliance, Inc.

Gregory G. Weaver
Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Deloitte & Touche LLP

80 

 |   www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport

Investor information

Stock transfer agent

Questions or requests for assistance 
regarding changes to or transfers 
of your registered stock ownership 
should be directed to our Transfer 
Agent, Computershare Trust 
Company, N.A. at:

Verizon Communications Inc. 
c/o Computershare 
P.O. Box 43078 
Providence, RI 02940-3078

Phone: 800 631-2355 or  
781 575-3994

Electronic delivery: By receiving 
links to proxy, annual report and 
shareowner materials online, you can 
help Verizon reduce the amount of 
materials we print and mail. As a thank 
you for choosing electronic delivery, 
Verizon will plant a tree on your behalf. 
It’s fast and easy, and you can change 
your electronic delivery options at  
any time. 

Sign up at www.computershare.com/
verizon to take advantage of the many 
benefits electronic delivery offers, 
including:

Outside the U.S.: 866 725-6576

•  Faster access to financial 

Website:  
www.computershare.com/verizon

Email: verizon@computershare.com

Persons using a telecommunications 
device for the deaf (TDD) may call: 
800 952-9245

Shareowner services

Please contact our Transfer Agent 
regarding information about the  
following services:

Online account access:  
Registered shareowners can view  
account information online at  
www.computershare.com/verizon.

Click on “Create Log In” to register.  
For existing users, click on “Log In.”

Direct dividend deposit service:  
Verizon offers an electronic funds 
transfer service to registered 
shareowners wishing to deposit 
dividends directly into savings or 
checking accounts on dividend 
payment dates.

Direct invest stock purchase and 
share ownership plan: Verizon offers 
a direct stock purchase and share 
ownership plan. The plan allows 
current and new investors to purchase 
common stock and to reinvest their 
dividends toward the purchase 
of additional shares. For more 
information, go to www.verizon.com/
about/investors/shareowner-services.

documents

•  Email notification of document 

availability 

•  Access to your documents  

online 24/7

•  Convenience of managing your  

documents (view and print)

If your shares are held by a broker,  
bank or other nominee, you may elect 
to receive an electronic copy of the 
annual report and proxy materials 
online at www.proxyvote.com, or you 
can contact your broker.

Investor services

Investor website:  
Get company information and  
news on our investor website—  
www.verizon.com/about/investors.

Email alerts: Get the latest investor 
information delivered directly to you. 
Subscribe to email alerts on our  
investor website.

Stock market information

Shareowners of record as of  
December 31, 2016: 690,741

Verizon (ticker symbol: VZ) is listed 
on the New York Stock Exchange and 
the Nasdaq Global Select Market. 

Dividend information

At its September 2016 meeting, the 
Board of Directors increased our 
quarterly dividend 2.2 percent. On an 
annual basis, this increased Verizon’s 
dividend to $2.31 per share. Dividends 
have been paid since 1984.

Form 10-K

To receive a printed copy of the  
2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K,  
which is filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission, please 
contact Investor Relations:

Verizon Communications Inc. 
Investor Relations 
One Verizon Way 
Basking Ridge, NJ 07920 
Phone: 212 395-1525

Corporate governance

Verizon’s Bylaws, Code of Conduct,  
Corporate Governance Guidelines  
and the charters of the committees  
of its Board of Directors can be  
found on the corporate governance 
section of our website at  
www.verizon.com/ about/investors/
corporate-governance. 

If you would like to receive a printed 
copy of any of these documents, 
please contact the Assistant  
Corporate Secretary:

Verizon Communications Inc. 
Assistant Corporate Secretary 
1095 Avenue of the Americas 
New York, NY 10036

www.verizon.com/2016AnnualReport  

 |   81

Verizon Communications Inc.
1095 Avenue of the Americas 
New York, New York 10036 
212 395-1000

verizon.com/about

© 2017. Verizon. All Rights Reserved.
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