® 2011 Annual Report Profile Wabtec Corporation provides highly engineered, value-added products and services to our freight rail, passenger transit and industrial customers around the world to help them increase their safety, efficiency and productivity. Through its subsidiaries, the company manufactures a range of products for locomotives, freight cars and passenger transit vehicles; builds new commuter and switcher locomotives; and manufactures cooling systems and related equipment for the power generation and transmission industry. We strive to combine practical innovations for our customers with the best in modern manufacturing and business practices to generate above- average, long-term returns for our shareholders, and to provide our employees with a safe, challenging and dynamic work environment. This annual report contains forward-looking statements and includes assumptions about future market conditions, operations and results. These statements are based on current expectations and are subject to risks and uncertainties. They are made pursuant to safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission lists the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. In making these forward-looking statements, the company assumes no obligation to update them or advise of changes in the assumptions on which they were based. CORPORATE INFORMATION Computershare PO Box 358015 Pittsburgh, PA 15252-8015 1-888-328-5380 www.bnymellon.com/ shareowner/equityaccess Stock Exchange Listing New York Stock Exchange Ticker Symbol: WAB Independent Public Accountants Ernst & Young LLP Pittsburgh, PA 15222 Form 10-K This document includes the company’s Form 10-K annual report. Annual Meeting May 16, 2012 11:30 a.m. The Duquesne Club Pittsburgh, PA 15219 Transfer Agent and Registrar Our transfer agent is responsible for shareholder records, issuance of stock certificates, and distribution of dividends and I.R.S. form 1099. Your requests, as shareholders, concerning these matters are most efficiently answered by communicating directly with: Message from the CEO In 2011, Wabtec captured organic growth opportunities, acquired complementary companies, strengthened its management team, and set records for sales, earnings and cash flow. As a result of this performance and the company’s future outlook, our stock price increased for the 11th consecutive year – making Wabtec the only company on any U.S. stock exchange to achieve that level of consistency and performance. We’re proud of our historical performance and equally excited about the company’s future. Wabtec has built a global presence in vital and growing industries, and we have a diverse business model that is proven and sustainable. We believe the company has never been stronger financially and operationally, and it has more than adequate resources to invest in future growth. Our long-term goal remains consistent also: To generate, on average, double-digit growth in earnings per diluted share through the business cycle. To achieve this goal, we will continue to invest in balanced growth strategies and apply the principles of The Wabtec Performance System. The hallmark of our corporate culture for more than 20 years, The Wabtec Performance System drives continuous improvements in lean manufacturing, quality and new product development through regular Kaizen activities, with more than 600 held in 2011. Applied rigorously, the system provides a steady diet of improvement opportunities which lead to increased margins – up more than two percentage points in the past five years – and strong cash flow from operations – up 41 percent in 2011 compared to the prior year. With The Wabtec Performance System as our foundation, we invest in four primary growth strategies: • Expand globally and into adjacent markets • Increase our aftermarket products and services • Develop new products and technologies • Seek value-added acquisitions 2011 was another year of solid progress in each. International sales, which have grown at a compounded annual rate of 20 percent in the past five years, reached $916 million in 2011. We have benefited as developed and developing countries around the world invest in their infrastructure. Freight and passenger transport systems are a major component of that infrastructure, and Wabtec provides products and services that improve their safety and efficiency. During 2011, we grew our presence in Australia, Brazil, China, Europe and South Africa. Sales in the aftermarket also hit a record in 2011, reaching $1.1 billion. In this market segment, we have grown at a 14 percent compounded annual rate over the past five years. In the U.S. and U.K., we expanded our locomotive service capabilities, and we continued to grow our service center in Brazil. When it comes to new products and technologies, we think Wabtec is one of the few companies in our industry worldwide with the expertise and capabilities to drive major advancements. In 2011, sales from new products represented about 35 percent of total sales. In addition to our Positive Train Control (PTC) technology, we have a robust pipeline of new offerings, including Electronically Controlled Pneumatic (ECP) braking equipment, next generation End of Train devices, and a new locomotive engine kit that meets Tier 4 emission requirements. PTC, which is being deployed throughout the U.S. rail industry over the next several years, is one of our most exciting new technologies and offers significant long-term potential for Wabtec. We are the market leader for the PTC on-board locomotive solution and last year won several contracts to provide equipment and related services to customers in the U.S. and Brazil. Wabtec has also grown through acquisitions in recent years. In 2011, we acquired four businesses with revenues of about $180 million to expand our capabilities in both rail and non-rail markets. The largest, Bearward Engineering, is a leading provider of cooling systems and related equipment for power generation and other industrial markets. In addition, we acquired Brush Traction (locomotive overhauls and services in the U.K.), Fulmer (motor components) and a transit aftermarket business from GE (propulsion and control systems). We continue to look for companies that have solid financials and represent a good strategic fit with Wabtec. With our strong cash flow and balance sheet, and a new, $600 million credit facility, we have the flexibility and capacity to invest in future acquisitions to expand our capabilities and geographic reach. We believe 2012 will be another strong year, and we are confident that our four growth strategies will continue to position the company well for the future. Our confidence is based on the company’s proven track record of success, the strength and dedication of our management team and employees worldwide, and our market position within industries – freight and passenger transportation, and power generation – that are critical to the global economy and offer compelling long-term growth opportunities. To drive our long-term success, we will remain focused on the following stakeholders and core values: • Customers deserve the highest quality products, ethical business dealings, on-time delivery and lowest possible costs; we want our customers to be delighted to do business with Wabtec. • Our suppliers must also be treated in an ethical manner and should become a partner in our business, providing the highest quality product and the lowest possible price. • Employees deserve a safe, clean workplace and an opportunity to grow; in turn, we expect their best effort always. • Shareholders expect sales growth, improved profitability and good cash flow. • The communities in which we work expect us to be respectful neighbors and environmentally responsible. In closing, I want to say a special thanks to Jim Napier, who retired in 2011 after serving as a member of Wabtec’s Board of Directors since the company’s initial public offering in 1995. Throughout his tenure, Jim provided valuable input and counsel to both the board and our management team, and he represented our shareholders’ interests well. I also want to thank our more than 8,500 employees for their dedication to Wabtec, our other board members for their continued support, and our customers for their trust and loyalty. We will continue to work hard every day to make Wabtec an even stronger company for the future. Albert J. Neupaver President and Chief Executive Officer UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K È Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 OR ‘ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 1-13782 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 1001 Air Brake Avenue Wilmerding, Pennsylvania 15148 (Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) 25-1615902 (IRS Employer Identification No.) (412) 825-1000 (Registrant’s telephone number) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of Class Common Stock, par value $.01 per share Name of Exchange on which registered New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes È No ‘. Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ‘ No È. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes È No ‘. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files) Yes È No ‘. Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. È. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer È Accelerated filer ‘ Non-accelerated filer ‘ Smaller reporting company ‘ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Yes ‘ No È. The registrant estimates that as of June 30, 2011, the aggregate market value of the voting shares held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $3.0 billion based on the closing price on the New York Stock Exchange for such stock. As of February 20, 2012, 48,026,257 shares of Common Stock of the registrant were issued and outstanding. Portions of the Proxy Statement for the registrant’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 16, 2012 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 1. Item 1A. Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 2. Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 3. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Executive Officers of the Registrant PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 6. Selected Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations . . . . Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financial Statements and Supplementary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 8. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure . . . . Item 9A. Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 9B. Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 11. Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Principal Accountant Fees and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Item 14. Page 3 12 17 18 20 20 21 23 25 26 42 43 43 43 44 45 45 45 45 45 Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 PART IV 2 Item 1. BUSINESS General PART I Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation, doing business as Wabtec Corporation, is a Delaware corporation with headquarters at 1001 Air Brake Avenue in Wilmerding, Pennsylvania. Our telephone number is 412-825-1000, and our website is located at www.wabtec.com. All references to “we”, “our”, “us”, the “Company” and “Wabtec” refer to Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation and its subsidiaries. Westinghouse Air Brake Company (“WABCO”) was formed in 1990 when it acquired certain assets and operations from American Standard, Inc., now known as Trane (“Trane”). In 1999, WABCO merged with MotivePower Industries, Inc. (“MotivePower”) and adopted the name Wabtec. Today, Wabtec is one of the world’s largest providers of value-added, technology-based equipment and services for the global rail industry. We believe we hold approximately a 50% market share in North America for our primary braking-related equipment and a leading position in North America for most of our other product lines. Our highly engineered products, which are intended to enhance safety, improve productivity and reduce maintenance costs for customers, can be found on virtually all U.S. locomotives, freight cars, subway cars and buses. In 2011, the Company had sales of almost $2 billion and net income of about $170 million. In 2011 sales of aftermarket parts and services represented about 57% of total sales, while sales to customers outside of the U.S. accounted for about 47% of total sales. Industry Overview The Company primarily serves the worldwide freight rail and passenger transit industries. As such, our operating results are largely dependent on the level of activity, financial condition and capital spending plans of the global railroad and transit industries. Many factors influence these industries, including general economic conditions; rail traffic, as measured by freight tonnage and passenger ridership; government spending on public transportation; and investment in new technologies by freight rail and passenger transit systems. According to a recent study by UNIFE, the Association of the European Rail Industry, the accessible global market for railway products and services is more than $100.0 billion, and it is expected to grow at 2%-2.5% annually through 2016. The three largest markets, which represent about 80% of the total market, are Europe, Asia-Pacific and North America. In North America, railroads carry about 43% of intercity freight, as measured by ton-miles, which is more than any other mode of transportation. They are an integral part of the continent’s economy and transportation system, serving nearly every industrial, wholesale and retail sector. Through direct ownership and operating partnerships, U.S. railroads are part of an integrated network that includes railroads in Canada and Mexico, forming what is regarded as the world’s most-efficient and lowest-cost freight rail service. There are more than 500 railroads operating in North America, with the largest railroads, referred to as “Class I,” accounting for more than 90% of the industry’s revenues. Although the railroads carry a wide variety of commodities and goods, coal is the single-largest item, representing about 45% of carloadings in 2011. Intermodal traffic—the movement of trailers or containers by rail in combination with another mode of transportation—has been the railroads’ fastest- growing market segment in the past 10 years. Railroads operate in a competitive environment, especially with the trucking industry, and are always seeking ways to improve safety, cost and reliability. New technologies offered by Wabtec and others in the industry can provide some of these benefits. Demand for our freight related products and services in North America is driven by a number of factors, including: • Rail traffic. The Association of American Railroads (AAR) compiles statistics that gauge the level of activity in the freight rail industry. Two important statistics are revenue ton-miles and carloadings, 3 • • which are generally referred to as “rail traffic”. In 2011, revenue ton-miles increased 3.2%, carloadings increased 2.2%, and intermodal carloadings increased 5.4%, as rail traffic continued to rebound from the 2008-09 economic recession in the U.S. Demand for new locomotives. Currently, the active locomotive fleet for Class I railroads in North America is about 24,000. The average number of new locomotives delivered over the past 10 years was about 800 annually. In 2011, about 1,075 new, heavy-haul locomotives were delivered, compared to about 575 in 2010. Demand for new freight cars. Currently, the active freight car fleet in North America is about 1.4 million. The average number of new freight cars delivered over the past 10 years was about 45,000 annually. In 2011, about 48,000 new freight cars were delivered, compared to about 17,000 cars in 2010. In the U.S., the passenger transit industry is dependent largely on funding from federal, state and local governments, and from fare box revenues. With about 40% of the nation’s passenger transit vehicles, the New York City region is the largest passenger transit market in the U.S., but most major cities also offer either rail or bus transit services. Demand for North American passenger transit products is driven by a number of factors, including: • • Government funding. The U.S. federal government provides money to local transit authorities, primarily to fund the purchase of new equipment and infrastructure for their transit systems. Under a multi-year spending bill known as SAFETEA-LU, federal government funding increased on average by 6-8% annually from 2005-09. SAFETEA-LU expired in September 2009 but funding has been maintained at current levels until a new bill is completed. In 2012, Congress is expected to discuss a new funding bill, but there can be no assurance that future funding will increase or be maintained at current levels. The number of new transit cars delivered in 2011 was about 850, compared to about 1,100 in 2010. The number of new buses delivered in 2011 was about 4,700 compared to about 5,300 in 2010. In the past 10 years, the average number of new transit cars delivered annually is about 600, and the average number of new buses delivered annually is about 4,800. Ridership. Ridership provides fare box revenues to transit authorities, which use these funds, along with state and local money, primarily for equipment and system maintenance. Based on preliminary figures from the American Public Transportation Association, ridership on U.S. transit vehicles increased about 2% in 2011, after a 1% decrease in 2010 due to the economic recession. Prior to 2009, ridership had increased for six consecutive years. Outside of North America, many of the rail systems have historically been focused on passenger transit, rather than freight. In recent years, however, railroads in countries such as Australia, Brazil, India and China have been investing capital to expand and improve both their freight and passenger rail systems. Throughout the world, some government-owned railroads are being sold to private owners, who often look to improve the efficiency of the rail system by investing in new equipment and new technologies. According to UNIFE, emerging markets are expected to grow at above-average rates as global trade creates increases in freight volumes and urbanization leads to increased demand for efficient mass-transportation systems. As this growth occurs, Wabtec expects to have additional opportunities to provide products and services in these markets. In Europe, the majority of the rail system serves the passenger transit market, which is expected to continue growing as high fuel costs and environmental factors encourage investment in public mass transit. France, Germany, the United Kingdom and Italy are the largest transit markets, representing about two-thirds of passenger traffic in the European Union. In their most recent financial reports, SNCF (French national railway) and Deutsche Bahn (German national railway) reported increases in passenger traffic of 3.8% for the first nine months of 2011 and 1.3% for the first six months of 2011, respectively. About 75% of freight traffic in Europe is hauled by truck, while rail accounts for about 20%. The largest freight markets in Europe are Germany, Poland 4 and the United Kingdom. In the first half of 2011, Deutsche Bahn reported an 8% increase in freight-related revenues compared to the same period in 2010. According to UNIFE, the European rail market consists of about 33,000 locomotives, about 700,000 freight cars and about 150,000 passenger transit cars. In recent years, the European market purchased on average about 1,300 new locomotives, about 1,000 new freight cars and about 8,500 new passenger transit cars annually. The Asia/Pacific market is now the second-largest geographic segment, according to a recent UNIFE study. This market consists primarily of China, India and Australia. Growth has been driven by the continued urbanization of China and India, and by investment in freight rail infrastructure to serve the mining and natural resources markets in those countries, as well as in Australia. According to UNIFE, this market consists of about 34,000 locomotives and about 1 million freight cars. Wabtec estimates that rail equipment spending in China decreased in 2011, as the government continued to invest in expansion of its freight and passenger rail network, but curtailed investments in high-speed rail due to a crash in July 2011. The Indian government forecasted that in 2011 freight rail traffic increased about 12% and passenger rail traffic increased about 5%. India is expected to increase spending significantly in 2012 as it seeks to modernize its rail system. Business Segments and Products We provide our products and services through two principal business segments, the Freight Group and the Transit Group, both of which have different market characteristics and business drivers. The Freight Group primarily manufactures and services components for new and existing freight cars and locomotives, builds new switcher locomotives, rebuilds freight locomotives, supplies railway electronics, positive train control equipment, signal design and engineering services, and provides related heat exchange and cooling systems. Customers include large, publicly traded railroads, leasing companies, manufacturers of original equipment such as locomotives and freight cars, and utilities. As discussed previously, demand in the freight market is primarily driven by rail traffic, and deliveries of new locomotives and freight cars. In 2011, the Freight Group accounted for 61% of our total sales, with about 75% of its sales in North America and the remainder to international customers. In 2011, slightly more than half of the Freight Group’s sales were in aftermarket. The Transit Group primarily manufactures and services components for new and existing passenger transit vehicles, typically subway cars and buses, builds new commuter locomotives and refurbishes subway cars. Customers include public transit authorities and municipalities, leasing companies, and manufacturers of subway cars and buses around the world. As discussed previously, demand in the transit market is primarily driven by government funding at all levels and passenger ridership. In 2011, the Transit Group accounted for 39% of our total sales, with about half of its sales in North America and the remainder to international customers. About two-thirds of the Transit Group’s sales are in the aftermarket and the remainder in the original equipment market. Following is a summary of our leading product lines in both aftermarket and original equipment across both of our business segments: Specialty Products & Electronics: • • • • • Positive Train Control equipment and electronically controlled pneumatic braking products Railway electronics, including event recorders, monitoring equipment and end of train devices Signal design and engineering services Freight car truck components Draft gears, couplers and slack adjusters 5 • • • Air compressors and dryers Heat exchangers and cooling products for locomotives and power generation equipment Track and switch products Brake Products: • • Railway braking equipment and related components for Freight and Transit Applications Friction products, including brake shoes and pads Remanufacturing, Overhaul and Build: • • New commuter and switcher locomotives Transit car and locomotive overhaul and refurbishment Transit Products: • • • Rail and bus door and window assemblies Accessibility lifts and ramps for buses and subway cars Traction motors We have become a leader in the rail industry by capitalizing on the strength of our existing products, technological capabilities and new product innovation, and by our ability to harden products to protect them from severe conditions, including extreme temperatures and high-vibration environments. Supported by our technical staff of over 850 engineers and specialists, we have extensive experience in a broad range of product lines, which enables us to provide comprehensive, systems-based solutions for our customers. Over the past several years, we introduced a number of significant new products, including electronic braking equipment and train control equipment that encompasses onboard digital data and global positioning communication protocols. In 2007, for example, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) approved the use of our Electronic Train Management System®, which offers safety benefits to the rail industry. In 2008, the U.S. federal government enacted a rail safety bill that mandates the use of Positive Train Control (“PTC”) technology, which includes on-board locomotive computer and related software, on a majority of the locomotives and track in the U.S. With our Electronic Train Management System®, we are the leading supplier of this on-board train control equipment, and we are working with the U.S. Class I railroads, commuter rail authorities and other industry suppliers to implement this technology by the December 31, 2015 deadline set in the rail safety bill. As part of its new surface transportation funding bill, a House committee has proposed extending this deadline to December 31, 2020. In 2011, Wabtec recorded about $125 million of revenue from implementation of PTC projects both foreign and domestic. These projects include: A $165 million contract to design and install a train control system for MRS Logistica, the fourth-largest railroad in Brazil; a $63 million contract to provide train control equipment and services for Denver Transit Partners for three new commuter rail lines; and a $27 million contract to provide train control equipment for Metrolink, a commuter rail agency in Los Angeles. For additional information on our business segments, see Note 19 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. Competitive Strengths Our key strengths include: • Leading market positions in core products. Dating back to 1869 and George Westinghouse’s invention of the air brake, we are an established leader in the development and manufacture of pneumatic braking 6 equipment for freight and passenger transit vehicles. We have leveraged our leading position by focusing on research and engineering to expand beyond pneumatic braking components to supplying integrated parts and assemblies for the locomotive through the end of the train. We are a recognized leader in the development and production of electronic recording, measuring and communications systems, positive train control equipment, highly engineered compressors and heat exchangers for locomotives, and a leading manufacturer of freight car components, including electronic braking equipment, draft gears, trucks, brake shoes and electronic end-of-train devices. We are also the leading manufacturer of commuter locomotives and a leading provider of braking equipment, door assemblies, lifts and ramps, and couplers for passenger transit vehicles. Breadth of product offering with a stable mix of original equipment market (OEM) and aftermarket business. Our product portfolio is one of the broadest in the rail industry, as we offer a wide selection of quality parts, components and assemblies across the entire train. We provide our products in both the original equipment market and the aftermarket. Our substantial installed base of products with end-users such as the railroads and the passenger transit authorities is a significant competitive advantage for providing products and services to the aftermarket because these customers often look to purchase safety- and performance-related replacement parts from the original equipment components supplier. In addition, as OEMs and Class I railroad operators attempt to modernize fleets with new products designed to improve and maintain safety and efficiency, these products must be designed to be interoperable with existing equipment. Over the last several years, more than 50% of our total net sales have come from our aftermarket products and services business. Leading design and engineering capabilities. We believe a hallmark of our relationship with our customers has been our leading design and engineering practice, which has, in our opinion, assisted in the improvement and modernization of global railway equipment. We believe both our customers and the government authorities value our technological capabilities and commitment to innovation, as we seek not only to enhance the efficiency and profitability of our customers, but also to improve the overall safety of the railways through continuous improvement of product performance. The Company has an established record of product improvements and new product development. We have assembled a wide range of patented products, which we believe provides us with a competitive advantage. Wabtec currently owns over 1,250 active patents worldwide and over 500 U.S. patents. During the last three years, we have filed for more than 350 patents worldwide in support of our new and evolving product lines. Experience with industry regulatory requirements. The U.S. rail industry is governed by the AAR and by the FRA. These groups mandate rigorous manufacturer certification, new product testing and approval processes that we believe are difficult for new entrants to meet cost-effectively and efficiently without the scale and extensive experience we possess. Experienced management team and the Wabtec Performance System. The Company has implemented numerous initiatives that enable us to manage successfully through cycles in the rail supply market. For example, the Wabtec Performance System (WPS), an ongoing program that focuses on lean manufacturing principles and continuous improvement across all aspects of our business, has been a part of the Company’s culture for more than 20 years. As a result, our management team has improved our cost structure, operating leverage and financial flexibility, and placed the Company in an excellent position to benefit from growth opportunities. • • • • Business strategy Using WPS, we strive to generate sufficient cash to invest in our growth strategies and to build on what we consider to be a leading position as a low-cost producer in the industry while maintaining world-class product quality, technology and customer responsiveness. Through WPS and employee-directed initiatives such as Kaizen, a Japanese-developed team concept, we continuously strive to improve quality, delivery and productivity, and to reduce costs. These efforts enable us to streamline processes, improve product reliability and 7 customer satisfaction, reduce product cycle times and respond more rapidly to market developments. Over time, these lean initiatives have enabled us to increase operating margins, improve cash flow and strengthen our ability to invest in the following growth strategies: • • • • Expand globally and into new product markets. We believe that international markets represent a significant opportunity for future growth. In 2011, sales to non-U.S. customers were $916.3 million, including export sales from the Company’s U.S. operations of $410.6 million. We intend to increase our existing international sales through strategic acquisitions, direct sales of products through our existing subsidiaries and licensees, and joint ventures with railway suppliers which have a strong presence in their local markets. We are specifically targeting markets that operate significant fleets of U.S.-style locomotives and freight cars, including Australia, Brazil, China, India, Russia, South Africa, and other select areas within Europe and South America. In addition, we have opportunities to sell certain products that we currently manufacture for the rail industry into other industrial markets, such as mining, off-highway and energy. These products include heat exchangers and friction materials. Expand aftermarket sales. Historically, aftermarket sales are less cyclical than OEM sales because a certain level of aftermarket maintenance and service work must be performed, even during an industry slowdown. In 2011, Wabtec’s aftermarket sales and services represented approximately 57% of the Company’s total sales. Wabtec provides aftermarket parts and services for its components, and the Company is seeking to expand this business with new customers such as short-line and regional railroads, or with customers who currently perform the work in-house. In this way, we expect to take advantage of the rail industry trend toward outsourcing, as railroads and transit authorities focus on their core function of transporting goods and people. Accelerate new product development. We continue to emphasize research and development funding to create new and improved products. We are focusing on technological advances, especially in the areas of electronics, braking products and other on-board equipment, as a means of new product growth. We seek to provide customers with incremental technological advances that offer immediate benefits with cost-effective investments. In 2008, the U.S. federal government enacted a rail safety bill that mandates the use of PTC technology on a majority of the locomotives and track in the U.S. As the leading supplier of on-board train control equipment, Wabtec is working with the U.S. Class I railroads, commuter rail authorities and other industry suppliers to implement this technology. Seek acquisitions, joint ventures and alliances. We are exploring acquisition, joint venture and alliance opportunities using a disciplined, selective approach and rigorous financial criteria. Such acquisitions will not only be expected to meet these financial criteria but also achieve our growth strategies of global expansion, new products and expanding aftermarket sales. All of these expansion strategies will help Wabtec to grow profitably, expand geographically, and dampen the impact from potential cycles in the North American rail industry. Recent Acquisitions and Joint Ventures Wabtec has completed certain significant acquisitions in support of its growth strategies mentioned above: • • • November 2011, Wabtec acquired Fulmer Company, a leading manufacturer of motor components for rail, power generation and other industrial markets, for a net purchase price of approximately $13.6 million. November 2011, Wabtec acquired Bearward Engineering, a UK-based manufacturer of cooling systems and related equipment for power generation and other industrial markets, for a net purchase price of approximately $43.6 million. June 2011, we acquired an aftermarket transit parts business from GE Transportation, a parts supply business for propulsion and control systems for the passenger transit car aftermarket in North America, for a net purchase price of $21.1 million. 8 • • • February 2011, the Company acquired Brush Traction Group, a UK-based provider of locomotive overhauls, services and aftermarket components, for a net purchase price of approximately $30.7 million. November 2010, Wabtec acquired substantially all of the assets of Swiger Coil Systems, a manufacturer of traction motors and electric coils for the rail and power generation markets, for a net purchase price of approximately $43.0 million. August 2010, we acquired Bach-Simpson, a designer and manufacturer of electronic instrumentation devices for rail and transit markets, for a net purchase price of approximately $12.0 million, and on July 28, 2010, the Company acquired G&B, a manufacturer of railroad track and signaling products, for a net purchase price of approximately $31.8 million. • March 2010, the Company acquired Xorail, a leading provider of signal engineering and design services, for a net purchase price of $39.9 million. Backlog The Company’s backlog was about $1.55 billion at December 31, 2011. For 2011, about 57% of sales came from aftermarket orders, which typically carry lead times of less than 30 days, and are not recorded in backlog for a significant period of time. The Company’s contracts are subject to standard industry cancellation provisions, including cancellations on short notice or upon completion of designated stages. Substantial scope-of-work adjustments are common. For these and other reasons, completion of the Company’s backlog may be delayed or cancelled. The railroad industry, in general, has historically been subject to fluctuations due to overall economic conditions and the level of use of alternative modes of transportation. The backlog of firm customer orders as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and the expected year of completion are as follows: In thousands Total Backlog 12/31/11 Expected Delivery 2012 Other Years Total Backlog 12/31/10 Expected Delivery 2011 Other Years Freight Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 712,903 836,482 $ 591,405 481,721 $121,498 354,761 $ 383,556 695,064 $297,192 292,735 $ 86,364 402,329 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,549,385 $1,073,126 $476,259 $1,078,620 $589,927 $488,693 Engineering and Development To execute our strategy to develop new products, we invest in a variety of engineering and development activities. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, we invested about $37.2 million, $40.2 million and $42.4 million, respectively, on product development and improvement activities. The engineering resources of the Company are allocated between research and development activities and the execution of original equipment customer contracts. Our engineering and development program is largely focused upon train control and new braking technologies, with an emphasis on applying electronics to traditional pneumatic equipment. Electronic braking has been used in the transit industry for years, and freight railroads are conducting pilot programs to test its reliability and benefits. Freight railroads have generally been slower to accept the technology due to issues over interoperability, connectivity and durability. We are proceeding with efforts to enhance the major components for existing hard-wired braking equipment and development of new electronic technologies for the freight railroads. Sometimes we conduct specific research projects in conjunction with universities, customers and other railroad product suppliers. 9 We use our Product Development System (PDS) to develop and monitor new product programs. The system requires the product development team to follow consistent steps throughout the development process, from concept to launch, to ensure the product will meet customer expectations and internal profitability targets. Intellectual Property We have more than 1,250 active patents worldwide. We also rely on a combination of trade secrets and other intellectual property laws, nondisclosure agreements and other protective measures to establish and protect our proprietary rights in our intellectual property. Certain trademarks, among them the name WABCO®, were acquired or licensed from American Standard Inc., now known as Trane, in 1990 at the time of our acquisition of the North American operations of the Railway Products Group of Trane. Other trademarks have been developed through the normal course of business, or acquired as a part of our ongoing merger and acquisition program. We have entered into a variety of license agreements as licensor and licensee. We do not believe that any single license agreement is of material importance to our business or either of our business segments as a whole. We have issued licenses to the two sole suppliers of railway air brakes and related products in Japan, Nabtesco and Mitsubishi Electric Company. The licensees pay annual license fees to us and also assist us by acting as liaisons with key Japanese passenger transit vehicle builders for projects in North America. We believe that our relationships with these licensees have been beneficial to our core transit business and customer relationships in North America. Customers Our customers include railroads and passenger transit authorities throughout North America, as well as in the United Kingdom, Australia, Europe, Asia, South Africa and South America; manufacturers of transportation equipment, such as locomotives, freight cars, subway vehicles and buses; and lessors of such equipment. In 2011, about 47% of sales were to customers outside the U.S. and to more than 100 countries throughout the world. About 57% of sales were in the aftermarket, with a majority of our remaining sales to OEMs of locomotives, freight cars, subway vehicles and buses. Top customers can change from year to year. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, our top five customers accounted for 17% of net sales: General Electric Transportation, Eversholt (formally HSBC) Rail (UK) Ltd., CSX Transportation, Electro Motive (or CAT), and Union Pacific. No one customer represents 10% or more of consolidated sales. We believe that we have strong relationships with all of our key customers. Competition We believe that we hold approximately a 50% market share in North America for our primary braking- related equipment and a leading market position in North America for most of our other product lines. On a global basis, our market shares are smaller. We operate in a highly competitive marketplace. Price competition is strong because we have a relatively small number of customers and they are very cost-conscious. In addition to price, competition is based on product performance and technological leadership, quality, reliability of delivery, and customer service and support. Our principal competitors vary across product lines. Within North America, New York Air Brake Company, a subsidiary of the German air brake producer Knorr-Bremse AG, is our principal overall OEM competitor. Our competition for locomotive, freight and passenger transit service and repair is mostly from the railroads’ and 10 passenger transit authorities’ in-house operations, Electro-Motive Diesel, GE Transportation Systems, and New York Air Brake/Knorr. We believe our key strengths, which include leading market positions in core products, breadth of product offering with a stable mix of OEM and aftermarket business, leading design and engineering capabilities, significant barriers to entry and an experienced management team, enable us to compete effectively in this marketplace. Outside of North America, no individual company is our principal competitor in all our operating locations. Largest competitors for Brake and Transit products are Faiveley Transport and Knorr- Bremse. Employees At December 31, 2011, we had 8,648 full-time employees, approximately 25% of whom were unionized. A majority of the employees subject to collective bargaining agreements are within North America and these agreements are generally effective from 2012 through 2014. Agreements expiring at various times during 2012 cover approximately 17% of the Company’s workforce. We consider our relations with employees and union representatives to be good, but cannot assure that future contract negotiations will be favorable to us. Regulation In the course of our operations, we are subject to various regulations of agencies and other entities. In the United States, these include principally the FRA and the AAR. The FRA administers and enforces federal laws and regulations relating to railroad safety. These regulations govern equipment and safety standards for freight cars and other rail equipment used in interstate commerce. The AAR oversees a wide variety of rules and regulations governing safety and design of equipment, relationships among railroads with respect to railcars in interchange and other matters. The AAR also certifies railcar builders and component manufacturers that provide equipment for use on railroads in the United States. New products generally must undergo AAR testing and approval processes. As a result of these regulations and those stipulated in other countries in which we derive our revenues, we must maintain certain certifications as a component manufacturer and for products we sell. Effects of Seasonality Our business is not typically seasonal, although the third quarter results may be impacted by vacation and scheduled plant shutdowns at several of our major customers during this period. Environmental Matters Information on environmental matters is included in Note 18 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. Available Information We maintain an Internet site at www.wabtec.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as well as the annual report to stockholders and other information, are available free of charge on this site. The Internet site and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K. Our Corporate Governance Guidelines, the charters of our Audit, Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees, our Code of Conduct, which is applicable to all employees, and our Code of Ethics for Senior Officers, which is applicable to all of our executive officers, are also available free of charge on this site and are available in print to any shareholder who requests them. 11 Item 1A. RISK FACTORS Prolonged unfavorable economic and market conditions could adversely affect our business. Unfavorable general economic and market conditions in the United States and internationally could have a negative impact on our sales and operations. To the extent that these factors result in continued instability of capital markets, shortages of raw materials or component parts, longer sales cycles, deferral or delay of customer orders or an inability to market our products effectively, our business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. We are dependent upon key customers. We rely on several key customers who represent a significant portion of our business. Our top customers can change from year to year. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, our top five customers accounted for 17% of our net sales. While we believe our relationships with our customers are generally good, our top customers could choose to reduce or terminate their relationships with us. In addition, many of our customers place orders for products on an as-needed basis and operate in cyclical industries. As a result, their order levels have varied from period to period in the past and may vary significantly in the future. Such customer orders are dependent upon their markets and customers, and may be subject to delays and cancellations. As a result of our dependence on our key customers, we could experience a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition if we lost any one or more of our key customers or if there is a reduction in their demand for our products. Our business operates in a highly competitive industry. We operate in a competitive marketplace and face substantial competition from a limited number of established competitors in the United States and abroad, some of which may have greater financial resources than we do. Price competition is strong and, coupled with the existence of a number of cost conscious customers, has historically limited our ability to increase prices. In addition to price, competition is based on product performance and technological leadership, quality, reliability of delivery and customer service and support. There can be no assurance that competition in one or more of our markets will not adversely affect us and our results of operations. We intend to pursue acquisitions, joint ventures and alliances that involve a number of inherent risks, any of which may cause us not to realize anticipated benefits. One aspect of our business strategy is to selectively pursue acquisitions, joint ventures and alliances that we believe will improve our market position, and provide opportunities to realize operating synergies. These transactions involve inherent risks and uncertainties, any one of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition including: • • • • difficulties in achieving identified financial and operating synergies, including the integration of operations, services and products; diversion of Management’s attention from other business concerns; the assumption of unknown liabilities; and unanticipated changes in the market conditions, business and economic factors affecting such an acquisition. We cannot assure that we will be able to consummate any future acquisitions, joint ventures or other business combinations. If we are unable to identify suitable acquisition candidates or to consummate strategic acquisitions, we may be unable to fully implement our business strategy, and our business and results of operations may be adversely affected as a result. In addition, our ability to engage in strategic acquisitions will be dependent on our ability to raise substantial capital, and we may not be able to raise the funds necessary to implement our acquisition strategy on terms satisfactory to us, if at all. 12 As we introduce new products and services, a failure to predict and react to consumer demand could adversely affect our business. We have dedicated significant resources to the development, manufacturing and marketing of new products. Decisions to develop and market new transportation products are typically made without firm indications of customer acceptance. Moreover, by their nature, new products may require alteration of existing business methods or threaten to displace existing equipment in which our customers may have a substantial capital investment. There can be no assurance that any new products that we develop will gain widespread acceptance in the marketplace or that such products will be able to compete successfully with other new products or services that may be introduced by competitors. In addition, we may incur additional warranty or other costs as new products are tested and used by customers. A portion of our sales are related to delivering products and services to help our U.S. railroad and transit customers meet the Positive Train Control (PTC) mandate from the U.S. federal government, which requires the use of on-board locomotive computers and software by December 31, 2015. For the year ended December 31, 2011, we had sales of about $125 million related to PTC. As part of its new surface transportation funding bill, a House committee has proposed extending the PTC deadline to December 31, 2020, which could affect the rate of industry spending on this technology. Should the federal government change its mandate by amending the timing, scope or requirements of the safety bill, there could be an adverse impact on our revenues in future periods, and would cause us to reassess the staffing, resources and assets deployed in delivering Positive Train Control services. Our revenues are subject to cyclical variations in the railway and passenger transit markets and changes in government spending. The railway industry historically has been subject to significant fluctuations due to overall economic conditions, the use of alternate methods of transportation and the levels of federal, state and local government spending on railroad transit projects. In economic downturns, railroads have deferred, and may defer, certain expenditures in order to conserve cash in the short term. Reductions in freight traffic may reduce demand for our replacement products. The passenger transit railroad industry is also cyclical. New passenger transit car orders vary from year to year and are influenced greatly by major replacement programs and by the construction or expansion of transit systems by transit authorities. A substantial portion of our net sales have been, and we expect that a material portion of our future net sales will be, derived from contracts with metropolitan transit and commuter rail authorities and Amtrak. To the extent that future funding for proposed public projects is curtailed or withdrawn altogether as a result of changes in political, economic, fiscal or other conditions beyond our control, such projects may be delayed or cancelled, resulting in a potential loss of business for us, including transit aftermarket and new transit car orders. There can be no assurance that economic conditions will be favorable or that there will not be significant fluctuations adversely affecting the industry as a whole and, as a result, us. A growing portion of our sales may be derived from our international operations, which exposes us to certain risks inherent in doing business on an international level. In fiscal year 2011, approximately 47% of our consolidated net sales were to customers outside of the U.S. and we intend to continue to expand our international operations in the future. We currently conduct our international operations through a variety of wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries and joint ventures in Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, China, Czech Republic, France, Germany, India, Italy, Macedonia, Malaysia, Mexico, Poland, Spain, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. As a result, we are subject to various risks, any one of which could have a material adverse effect on those operations and on our business as a whole, including: • lack of complete operating control; 13 • • • • • • lack of local business experience; currency exchange fluctuations and devaluations; foreign trade restrictions and exchange controls; difficulty enforcing agreements and intellectual property rights; the potential for nationalization of enterprises; and economic, political and social instability and possible terrorist attacks against American interests. In addition, certain jurisdictions have laws that limit the ability of non-U.S. subsidiaries and their affiliates to pay dividends and repatriate cash flows. We may incur increased costs due to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. In the ordinary course of business, we are exposed to increases in interest rates that may adversely affect funding costs associated with variable-rate debt and changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We may seek to minimize these risks through the use of interest rate swap contracts and currency hedging agreements. There can be no assurance that any of these measures will be effective. Any material changes in interest or exchange rates could result in material losses to us. We may have liability arising from asbestos litigation. Claims have been filed against the Company and certain of its affiliates in various jurisdictions across the United States by persons alleging bodily injury as a result of exposure to asbestos-containing products. Most of these claims have been made against our wholly owned subsidiary, Railroad Friction Products Corporation (RFPC), and are based on a product sold by RFPC prior to the time that the Company acquired any interest in RFPC. Most of these claims, including all of the RFPC claims, are submitted to insurance carriers for defense and indemnity or to non-affiliated companies that retain the liabilities for the asbestos-containing products at issue. We cannot, however, assure that all these claims will be fully covered by insurance or that the indemnitors or insurers will remain financially viable. Our ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these claims, as is the case with other pending litigation, cannot be estimated. It is Management’s belief that the potential range of loss for asbestos-related bodily injury cases is not reasonably determinable at present due to a variety of factors, including: (1) the asbestos case settlement history of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, RFPC; (2) the unpredictable nature of personal injury litigation in general; and (3) the uncertainty of asbestos litigation in particular. Despite this uncertainty, and although the results of the Company’s operations and cash flows for any given period could be adversely affected by asbestos- related lawsuits, Management believes that the final resolution of the Company’s asbestos-related cases will not be material to the Company’s overall financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In general, this belief is based upon: (1) Wabtec’s and RFPC’s history of settlements and dismissals of asbestos-related cases to date; (2) the inability of many plaintiffs to establish any exposure or causal relationship to RFPC’s product; and (3) the inability of many plaintiffs to demonstrate any identifiable injury or compensable loss. More specifically, as to RFPC, Management’s belief that any losses due to asbestos-related cases would not be material is also based on the fact that RFPC owns insurance which provides coverage for asbestos-related bodily injury claims. To date, RFPC’s insurers have provided RFPC with defense and indemnity in these actions. The overall number of new claims being filed against RFPC has dropped significantly in recent years; however, these new claims, and all previously filed claims, may take a significant period of time to resolve. As to Wabtec and its divisions, Management’s belief that asbestos-related cases will not have a material impact is also based on 14 its position that it has no legal liability for asbestos-related bodily injury claims, and that the former owners of Wabtec’s assets retained asbestos liabilities for the products at issue. To date, Wabtec has been able to successfully defend itself on this basis, including two arbitration decisions and a judicial opinion, all of which confirmed Wabtec’s position that it did not assume any asbestos liabilities from the former owners of certain Wabtec assets. Although Wabtec has incurred defense and administrative costs in connection with asbestos bodily injury actions, these costs have not been material, and the Company has no information that would suggest these costs would become material in the foreseeable future. We are subject to a variety of environmental laws and regulations. We are subject to a variety of environmental laws and regulations governing discharges to air and water, the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous or solid waste materials and the remediation of contamination associated with releases of hazardous substances. We believe our operations currently comply in all material respects with all of the various environmental laws and regulations applicable to our business; however, there can be no assurance that environmental requirements will not change in the future or that we will not incur significant costs to comply with such requirements. Future climate change regulation could result in increased operating costs, affect the demand for our products or affect the ability of our critical suppliers to meet our needs. The Company has followed the current debate over climate change and the related policy discussion and prospective legislation. The potential challenges for the Company that climate change policy and legislation may pose have been reviewed by the Company. Any such challenges are heavily dependent on the nature and degree of climate change legislation and the extent to which it applies to our industry. At this time, the Company cannot predict the ultimate impact of climate change and climate change legislation on the Company’s operations. Further, when or if these impacts may occur cannot be assessed until scientific analysis and legislative policy are more developed and specific legislative proposals begin to take shape. Any laws or regulations that may be adopted to restrict or reduce emissions of greenhouse gas could require us to incur increased operating costs, and could have an adverse effect on demand for our products. In addition, the price and availability of certain of the raw materials that we use could vary in the future as a result of environmental laws and regulations affecting our suppliers. An increase in the price of our raw materials or a decline in their availability could adversely affect our operating margins or result in reduced demand for our products. Our manufacturer’s warranties or product liability may expose us to potentially significant claims. We warrant the workmanship and materials of many of our products. Accordingly, we are subject to a risk of product liability or warranty claims in the event that the failure of any of our products results in personal injury or death, or does not conform to our customers’ specifications. In addition, in recent years, we have introduced a number of new products for which we do not have the same level of historical warranty experience. Although we have not had any material product liability or warranty claims made against us and we currently maintain liability insurance coverage, we cannot assure that product liability claims, if made, would not exceed our insurance coverage limits or that insurance will continue to be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. The possibility exists for these types of warranty claims to result in costly product recalls, significant repair costs and damage to our reputation. Labor disputes may have a material adverse effect on our operations and profitability. We collectively bargain with labor unions that represent approximately 25% of our employees. Our current collective bargaining agreements are generally effective from 2012 through 2014. Agreements expiring at various times during 2012 cover approximately 17% of the Company’s workforce. Failure to reach an agreement could result in strikes or other labor protests which could disrupt our operations. If we were to experience a strike or work stoppage, it would be difficult for us to find a sufficient number of employees with the necessary skills 15 to replace these employees. We cannot assure that we will reach any such agreement or that we will not encounter strikes or other types of conflicts with the labor unions of our personnel. Such labor disputes could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, could cause us to lose revenues and customers and might have permanent effects on our business. From time to time we are engaged in contractual disputes with our customers. From time to time, we are engaged in contractual disputes with our customers regarding routine delivery and performance issues as well as adjustments for design changes and related extra work. These disputes are generally resolved in the ordinary course of business without having a material adverse impact on us. Our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health. At December 31, 2011, we had total debt of $395.9 million. If it becomes necessary to access our available borrowing capacity under the 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement, along with carrying the $245.0 million currently borrowed under this facility and the $150.0 million 6.875% senior notes, being indebted could have important consequences to us. For example, it could: • • • • • increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate purposes; limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industries in which we operate; place us at a disadvantage compared to competitors that have less debt; and limit our ability to borrow additional funds. The indenture for our $150 million 6.875% senior notes due in 2013 and our 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement contain various covenants that limit our Management’s discretion in the operation of our businesses. The indenture governing the notes and our credit agreement contain various covenants that limit our Management’s discretion. The 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement limits the Company’s ability to declare or pay cash dividends and prohibits the Company from declaring or making other distributions, subject to certain exceptions. The 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement contains various other covenants and restrictions including the following limitations: incurrence of additional indebtedness; mergers, consolidations and sales of assets and acquisitions; additional liens; sale and leasebacks; permissible investments, loans and advances; certain debt payments; capital expenditures; and imposes a minimum interest expense coverage ratio and a maximum debt to cash flow ratio. The indenture under which the senior notes were issued contains covenants and restrictions which limit among other things, the following: the incurrence of indebtedness, payment of dividends and certain distributions, sale of assets, change in control, mergers and consolidations and the incurrence of liens. The integration of our recently completed acquisitions may not result in anticipated improvements in market position or the realization of anticipated operating synergies or may take longer to realize than expected. In 2010 and 2011, we completed multiple acquisitions with a combined investment of $235.8 million. Although we believe that the acquisitions will improve our market position and realize positive operating results, 16 including operating synergies, operating expense reductions and overhead cost savings, we cannot be assured that these improvements will be obtained. The management and acquisition of businesses involves substantial risks, any of which may result in a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations, including: • • • • • • • • the uncertainty that an acquired business will achieve anticipated operating results; significant expenses to integrate; diversion of Management’s attention; departure of key personnel from the acquired business; effectively managing entrepreneurial spirit and decision-making; integration of different information systems; unanticipated costs and exposure to unforeseen liabilities; and impairment of assets. Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None. 17 Item 2. PROPERTIES Facilities The following table provides certain summary information about the principal facilities owned or leased by the Company as of December 31, 2011. The Company believes that its facilities and equipment are generally in good condition and that, together with scheduled capital improvements, they are adequate for its present and immediately projected needs. Leases on the facilities are long-term and generally include options to renew. The Company’s corporate headquarters are located at the Wilmerding, PA site. Location Primary Use Segment Own/Lease Approximate Square Feet Domestic Own Freight Wilmerding, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Service Own Freight Lexington, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Own Freight Jackson, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Own Freight Berwick, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Warehouse Own Freight Chicago, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Service Own Freight Greensburg, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Own Warren, OH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Freight Own Coshocton, OH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Warehouse/Office Freight Own Freight Germantown, MD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Own Freight Salem, OH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Freight Berwick, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Own Freight/Transit Own Boise, ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Freight/Transit Own Maxton, NC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Freight/Transit Own Willits, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Lease Freight Chillicothe, OH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Lease Freight Kansas City, MO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service Center Lease Pittsburgh, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Office Freight Lease Strongsville, OH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Warehouse/Office Freight Lease Bensenville, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Warehouse/Office Freight Lease Freight Jacksonville, FL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Columbia, SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service Center Lease Freight Cedar Rapids, IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight St. Joseph, MI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Warehouse Lease Freight Columbia, SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Service Lease Freight Jacksonville, FL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse Lease Freight Chesapeake, VA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Office Lease Freight Clarksburg, MD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Lease Freight Carson City, NV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service Center Lease Freight Park Ridge, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Omaha, NE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Jackson, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse Lease Freight Englewood, CO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Azle, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Oak Creek, WI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engineering/Admin Lease Freight Claremont, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Woodbury, MN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Wayne, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Merriam, KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Walnut Creek, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse 365,000(1) 170,000 150,000 145,000 123,140 113,000 102,650 83,000 80,000 20,000 5,000 326,000 105,000 70,000 104,000 95,900 90,000 80,000 58,000 46,351 40,250 37,000 33,625 31,363 30,000 24,630 22,433 22,000 15,150 7,048 6,000 5,676 5,180 5,000 4,526 3,654 3,641 2,874 1,821 18 Location Primary Use Segment Own/Lease Approximate Square Feet Lease Freight Granbury, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight Hudson, OH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Freight McKeesport, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse Freight Lease Glen Mills, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Freight/Transit Lease Boise, ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse/Office Freight/Transit Lease Boise, ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse Lease Transit Panorama City, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Lease Transit Spartanburg, SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Service Lease Buffalo Grove, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Transit Lease Cleveland, OH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Warehouse/Office Transit Lease Plattsburgh, NY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Transit Lease Cleveland, OH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Warehouse/Office Transit Lease Transit Greer, SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse Lease Transit Export, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Lease Transit Elmsford, NY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service Center Lease Transit Export, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Lease Transit Elkhart, IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse Lease Transit San Pablo, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Transit Hiram, GA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse Lease Transit New Castle, DE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sales Office Own Mountaintop, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vacant Land Available for Sale International Wallaceburg (Ontario), Canada . . . . Manufacturing San Luis Potosi, Mexico . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Service Huebei Province, China . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Skopje, Macedonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Office Doncaster, UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Service Kilmarnock, UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Avellino, Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Office St. Laurent (Quebec), Canada . . . . . Manufacturing Recklinghausen, Germany . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Northampton, UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, Own Freight Own Freight Own Freight Freight Own Freight/Transit Own Freight/Transit Owned Transit Transit Transit Freight Own Own Own Lease Freight China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Freight London (Ontario), Canada . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Freight Yanjiao, Hebei Province, China . . . Manufacturing Freight Stoney Creek (Ontario), Canada . . . Manufacturing/Service Freight Kolkata, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Freight Belo Horizonte, Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Service Freight Lachine (Quebec), Canada . . . . . . . Service Center London (Ontario), Canada . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Warehouse/Office Freight Freight Blaine, England . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warehouse Freight Rydalmere, Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Freight Sao Paulo, Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Office Freight Wallaceburg (Ontario), Canada . . . . Warehouse Freight Beijing, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Freight Huebei Province, China . . . . . . . . . . Office Freight Bangalore, India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease 1,800 800 400 300 22,826 13,028 200,000 183,600 115,570 92,609 64,000 43,283 34,000 34,000 28,000 13,000 8,000 550 400 400 N/A 126,000 73,100 59,147 20,000 330,000 107,975 132,495 106,000 86,390 300,000 290,550 103,540 64,702 47,940 36,965 33,992 25,455 19,070 18,000 14,786 10,807 10,000 4,973 3,229 3,000 19 Location Primary Use Segment Own/Lease Approximate Square Feet Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . . . . . . . . . Office Calgary (Alberta), Canada . . . . . . . . Service Center Kutna Hora, Czech Republic . . . . . . Warehouse Kirkcaldy, UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Maitland, New South Wales, Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Loganholme, Queensland, Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Loughborough, UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Kempton Park, South Africa . . . . . . Manufacturing Wetherill Park, Australia . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Istanbul, Turkey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Camisano, Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing/Office Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Sassuolo, Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manufacturing Aachen, Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Munich, Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Vierzon, France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Milan, Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Poznan, Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Barcelona, Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Office Freight Freight Freight Freight Freight Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Freight Freight/Transit Lease Freight/Transit Lease Freight/Transit Lease Freight/Transit Lease Lease Transit Transit Transit Transit Transit Transit Transit Transit Transit Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease Lease 2,655 984 532 200 194 97 225,244 156,077 70,600 753 136,465 31,032 30,000 1,615 1,135 1,076 1,000 270 110 (1) Approximately 250,000 square feet are currently used in connection with the Company’s corporate and manufacturing operations. The remainder is leased to third parties. Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Information with respect to legal proceedings is included in Note 18 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. 20 EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT The following table provides information on our executive officers. They are elected periodically by our Board of Directors and serve at its discretion. Officers Age Position Albert J. Neupaver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alvaro Garcia-Tunon . . . . . . . . . . . . Raymond T. Betler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Charles F. Kovac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R. Mark Cox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . David L. DeNinno . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patrick D. Dugan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scott E. Wahlstrom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Timothy R. Wesley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 President and Chief Executive Officer 59 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 56 Chief Operating Officer 55 Senior Vice President, Freight Group 44 Senior Vice President, Corporate Development 56 Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary 45 Senior Vice President, Finance and Corporate Controller 48 Senior Vice President, Human Resources 50 Vice President, Investor Relations and Corporate Communications Albert J. Neupaver was named President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company in February, 2006. Prior to joining Wabtec, Mr. Neupaver served in various positions at AMETEK, Inc., a leading global manufacturer of electronic instruments and electric motors. Most recently he served as President of its Electromechanical Group for nine years. Alvaro Garcia-Tunon was named Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company in February 2012. Mr. Garcia-Tunon was Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of the Company from December 2010 until February 2012, Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary of the Company from March 2003 until December 2010, Senior Vice President, Finance of the Company from November 1999 until March 2003 and Treasurer of the Company from August 1995 until November 1999. Raymond T. Betler was named Chief Operating Officer in December 2010. Mr. Betler was Vice President, Group Executive of the Company from August 2008 until December 2010. Prior to joining Wabtec, Mr. Betler served in various positions of increasing responsibility at Bombardier Transportation since 1979. Most recently, Mr. Betler served as President, Total Transit Systems from 2004 until 2008 and before that as President, London Underground Projects from 2002 to 2004. Charles F. Kovac was named Senior Vice President, Freight Group in December 2010. Mr. Kovac was Vice President, Group Executive of the Company from September 2007 until December 2010. Prior to joining Wabtec, Mr. Kovac served as General Manager of the Global Floor Care / Specialty Motors Division of AMETEK, Inc. since 2003. Prior to joining AMETEK, Inc., Mr. Kovac was Chief Operating Officer of The Teleios Group, LLC from 1999 to 2003. R. Mark Cox was named Senior Vice President, Corporate Development in January 2012, and has been with Wabtec since September 2006 as Vice President, Corporate Development. Prior to joining Wabtec, Mr. Cox served as Director of Business Development for the Electrical Group of Eaton Corporation since 2002. Prior to joining Eaton, Mr. Cox was an investment banker with UBS Warburg, Prudential and Stephens. David L. DeNinno was named Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of the Company in February 2012. Previously, Mr. DeNinno served as a partner at K&L Gates LLP since May 2011 and prior to that with Reed Smith LLP. 21 Patrick D. Dugan was named Senior Vice President, Finance and Corporate Controller in January 2012. He originally joined Wabtec in 2003 as Vice President, Corporate Controller. Prior to joining Wabtec, Mr. Dugan served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of CWI International, Inc. from December 1996 to November 2003. Prior to 1996, Mr. Dugan was a Manager with PricewaterhouseCoopers. Scott E. Wahlstrom was named Senior Vice President, Human Resources in January 2012. Mr. Wahlstrom has been Vice President, Human Resources, since November 1999. Previously, Mr. Wahlstrom was Vice President, Human Resources & Administration of MotivePower Industries, Inc. from August 1996 until November 1999. Timothy R. Wesley was named Vice President, Investor Relations and Corporate Communications in November 1999. Previously, Mr. Wesley was Vice President, Investor and Public Relations of MotivePower Industries, Inc. from August 1996 until November 1999. 22 PART II Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES The Common Stock of the Company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “WAB”. As of February 20, 2012, there were 48,026,257 shares of Common Stock outstanding held by 630 holders of record. The high and low sales price of the shares and dividends declared per share were as follows: 2011 High Low Dividends First Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Second Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Third Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fourth Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $69.13 $72.43 $71.22 $71.11 $51.02 $61.47 $51.65 $49.38 $0.01 $0.01 $0.03 $0.03 2010 High Low Dividends First Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Second Quarter Third Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fourth Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $44.54 $50.88 $48.56 $53.42 $36.16 $39.18 $38.44 $45.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 $0.01 The Company’s credit agreement restricts the ability to make dividend payments, with certain exceptions. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and see Note 8 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. At the close of business on February 17, 2012, the Company’s Common Stock traded at $70.83 per share. The following performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference to any future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended, except to the extent that Wabtec specifically incorporates it by reference into such filing. The graph below compares the total stockholder return through December 31, 2011, of Wabtec’s common stock, (i) the S&P 500, (ii) and our peer group of manufacturing companies consisting of the following publicly traded companies: The Greenbrier Companies, Inc., L.B. Foster Company, Trinity Industries and Freight Car America, Inc. Comparison of 5 Year Cumulative Total Return Assumes Initial Investment of $100 December 2011 250 200 150 100 50 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Wabtec Corporation S&P 500 Index - Total Returns Peer Group Peer Group + Wabtec Corporation 23 On May 11, 2011, the Board of Directors increased its stock repurchase authorization to $150 million of the Company’s outstanding shares. Through December 31, 2011 purchases have totaled $26.0 million, leaving $124.0 million under the authorization. The new share repurchase authorization supersedes the previous authorization of $150 million of which $39.4 million was remaining. The Company intends to purchase shares on the open market or in negotiated or block trades. No time limit was set for the completion of the programs which conform to the requirements under the 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement, 2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement, as well as the Notes currently outstanding. During the first quarter of 2011, no shares were repurchased. During the second quarter of 2011, the Company repurchased 95,000 shares at an average price of $65.14 per share. During the third quarter of 2011, the Company repurchased 308,600 shares at an average price of $57.08 per share. During the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company repurchased 35,000 shares at an average price of $63.41 per share. All purchases were on the open market. During the first quarter of 2010, the Company repurchased 75,000 shares at an average price of $41.28 per share. During the second quarter of 2010, the Company repurchased 79,600 shares at an average price of $40.40 per share. During the third quarter of 2010, the Company repurchased 51,960 shares at an average price of $39.83 per share. No additional shares were repurchased during the fourth quarter of 2010. All purchases were on the open market. 24 Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following table shows selected consolidated financial information of the Company and has been derived from audited financial statements. This financial information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified by reference to, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and the Notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Year Ended December 31, In thousands, except per share amounts 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Income Statement Data Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,967,637 570,424 (299,723) $1,507,012 449,078 (246,268) $1,401,616 393,326 (213,294) $1,574,749 427,186 (214,670) $1,360,088 369,619 (189,878) Income from operations (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 270,701 $ 202,810 $ 180,032 $ 212,516 $ 179,741 Interest expense, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other income (expense), net . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from continuing operations . . . . . . . Income (loss) from discontinued operations $ (15,007) $ (15,923) $ (16,674) $ (380) 170,149 (60) 123,099 1 115,055 (8,508) $ 292 130,554 (3,637) (3,650) 109,387 (net of tax) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — — (3) 183 Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 170,149 $ 123,099 $ 115,055 $ 130,551 $ 109,570 Diluted Earnings per Common Share Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends declared per share . . . . . . . . $ $ 3.51 0.08 $ $ 2.56 0.04 $ $ 2.39 0.04 $ $ 2.66 0.04 $ $ 2.24 0.04 Fully diluted shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . 48,329 48,005 47,977 48,847 48,873 Balance Sheet Data Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,158,953 285,615 395,873 1,047,646 $1,803,081 236,941 422,075 903,387 $1,585,835 188,659 391,780 778,913 $1,507,520 141,805 387,080 645,807 $1,158,702 234,689 150,250 617,268 (1) (2) In 2011, includes an $18.1 million charge for a court ruling. In 2009, includes $3.9 million royalty charge related to the Final Award in the arbitration proceeding between Faiveley Transport Malmo AB and Wabtec. In 2011, 2009 and 2008, tax benefits of $1.9 million, $9.7 million and $1.0 million were recognized, respectively, primarily related to resolving certain tax issues from prior years that have been closed from further regulatory examination. In 2007 a tax benefit of $3.1 million was recognized related to deferred taxes, primarily due to the reversal of previously established valuation allowances on deferred tax assets. 25 Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OVERVIEW Wabtec is one of the world’s largest providers of value-added, technology-based products and services for the global rail industry. Our products are found on virtually all U.S. locomotives, freight cars and passenger transit vehicles, as well as in more than 100 countries throughout the world. Our products enhance safety, improve productivity and reduce maintenance costs for customers, and many of our core products and services are essential in the safe and efficient operation of freight rail and passenger transit vehicles. Wabtec is a global company with operations in 18 countries. In 2011, about 47% of the Company’s revenues came from customers outside the U.S. Management Review and Future Outlook Wabtec’s long-term financial goals are to generate cash flow in excess of net income, maintain a strong credit profile while minimizing our overall cost of capital, increase margins through strict attention to cost controls and implementation of the Wabtec Performance System, and increase revenues through a focused growth strategy, including global and market expansion, new products and technologies, aftermarket products and services, and acquisitions. In addition, Management evaluates the Company’s current operational performance through measures such as quality and on-time delivery. The Company monitors a variety of factors and statistics to gauge market activity. The North America freight rail industry is largely driven by general economic conditions, which can cause fluctuations in rail traffic. Based on those fluctuations, railroads can increase or decrease purchases of new locomotives and freight cars. In 2011 U.S. freight rail traffic increased due to the improving overall economy. According to the Association of American Railroads, in 2011, revenue ton-miles increased 3.2%, carloadings increased 2.2% and intermodal loadings increased 5.4%, compared to the same period of 2010, as rail traffic rebounded from the 2008-09 economic recession. This has had a favorable effect on the Company’s Freight Group, with increased demand for new locomotives and freight cars, and for aftermarket products and services. About 15% of the Company’s revenues are directly related to deliveries of new freight cars, so the improvement in that market has had a favorable effect on the Company’s financial results. Whether demand continues to improve will depend largely on continued strength in the overall economy and in rail traffic volumes. In 2008, the U.S. government enacted rail safety legislation that requires certain freight and passenger railroads to equip certain locomotives with positive train control (“PTC”) technology by the end of 2015. This technology includes an on-board locomotive computer and related software, which are being developed by Wabtec. As the industry leader, Wabtec expects to benefit from increased sales of train control-related products and engineering services as the technology is deployed throughout the industry. PTC revenue was about 125 million in 2011. The North American transit rail industry is driven by government spending and ridership. According to the American Public Transportation Association, spending under SAFETEA-LU, the federal government’s transportation funding bill increased about 6% in 2009 and remained consistent in 2010 and 2011, while ridership decreased about 4% and 1% in 2009 and 2010, respectively, due to the recession and its impact on employment levels. Ridership increased about 2% in 2011. Although SAFETEA-LU expired in September 2009, the bill has been extended through March 2012, with funding at about 2009 levels. Spending in 2012 is expected to remain at about current levels, and Congress is now considering various multi-year funding bills. In 2011, market conditions improved in the North America freight rail market. Demand for new freight cars and locomotives was higher, due to increasing freight rail traffic. In the passenger transit market during 2011, the Company believes that existing levels of federal funding and ridership resulted in consistent demand for new equipment and aftermarket parts when compared to previous years; however, most government entities at all levels are facing budget issues, which could have a negative effect on demand for the Company’s products and services. 26 Wabtec continues to expand its presence in freight rail and passenger transit markets outside the U.S., particularly in Europe, Asia-Pacific and South America. In Europe, the majority of the rail system serves the passenger transit market, which is larger than the transit market in the U.S. Our presence in the U.K., Germany and Italy has positioned the Company to take advantage of this market. Asia-Pacific is a growth market and our various joint ventures and direct exports to China have positioned the Company to take advantage of this growth. Economic growth in Australia has been an area of expansion for the Company as commodity suppliers use our products to meet the demands of their regional customers. Recently, the Company has announced a contract and an acquisition in Brazil, allowing us to expand our presence in that market. In 2012 and beyond, general economic and market conditions in the United States and internationally could have an impact on our sales and operations. To the extent that these factors cause instability of capital markets, shortages of raw materials or component parts, longer sales cycles, deferral or delay of customer orders or an inability to market our products effectively, our business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In addition, we face risks associated with our four-point growth strategy including the level of investment that customers are willing to make in new technologies developed by the industry and the Company, and risks inherent in global expansion. When necessary, we will modify our financial and operating strategies to reflect changes in market conditions and risks. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following table shows our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years indicated. In millions Year Ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,967.6 (1,397.2) $ 1,507.0 (1,057.9) $ 1,401.6 (1,008.3) Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selling, general and administrative expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engineering expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other income (expense), net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570.4 (247.5) (37.2) (15.0) (299.7) 270.7 (15.0) (0.4) 255.3 (85.2) 449.1 (195.9) (40.2) (10.2) (246.3) 202.8 (15.9) (0.1) 186.8 (63.7) 393.3 (161.0) (42.4) (9.9) (213.3) 180.0 (16.6) — 163.4 (48.3) Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 170.1 $ 123.1 $ 115.1 The following table summarizes the results of operations for the period: 2011 COMPARED TO 2010 In thousands Freight Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . 27 For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 $1,210,059 757,578 1,967,637 271,372 $ 170,591 $ 784,504 722,508 1,507,012 202,810 $ 123,099 Percent Change 54.2% 4.9% 30.6% 33.8% 38.6% The following table shows the major components of the change in sales in 2011 from 2010: In thousands Freight Group Transit Group Total 2010 Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in Sales by Product Line: Brake Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Specialty Products & Electronics . . . . . . Remanufacturing, Overhaul & Build . . . Other Transit Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign Exchange and Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 784,504 47,614 $722,508 80,699 $1,507,012 128,313 47,726 281,487 26,606 — 22,122 (8,424) 25,149 (52,701) (26,260) 16,607 39,302 306,636 (26,095) (26,260) 38,729 2011 Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,210,059 $757,578 $1,967,637 Net sales increased by $460.6 million to $1,967.6 million in 2011 from $1,507.0 million in 2010. The increase is due to higher freight group sales of $355.8 million primarily from increased demand for freight original equipment, electronics and aftermarket products; and sales related to acquisitions of $128.3 million. Partially offsetting this increase was lower sales of $87.4 million primarily from the completion of certain transit locomotive build contracts and lower sales from certain transit original equipment contracts. The Company realized a net sales increase of $29.6 million and an income from operations increase of $4.1 million due to favorable effects of foreign exchange. Net income for 2011 was $170.1 million or $3.51 per diluted share. Net income increased due to higher sales volume and operating margins. Freight Group sales increased by $425.6 million, or 54.2%, due to higher sales of $281.5 million from specialty products and electronics, primarily resulting from increased demand for original equipment rail products, original equipment heat exchange products and aftermarket rail products; $47.7 million for brake products resulting from higher car build and increased rail traffic; $47.6 million from acquisitions and $26.6 million from demand for freight overhaul and remanufacturing services. For the Freight Group, net sales improved by $13.3 million due to favorable effects of foreign exchange. Transit Group sales increased by $35.1 million, or 4.9%, due to increased sales of $80.7 million from acquisitions and $25.1 million resulting from increased demand for electronics; partially offset by decreased sales of $87.0 million from the completion of certain transit locomotive build contracts and lower sales from certain transit original equipment contracts. For the Transit Group, net sales improved by $16.3 million due to favorable effects of foreign exchange. Cost of Sales and Gross profit Cost of Sales increased by $339.3 million to $1,397.2 million in 2011 from $1,057.9 million in 2010. In 2011, cost of sales, as a percentage of sales was 71.0% compared to 70.2% in the same period of 2010. This increase is the result of (i) increased costs in the transit segment related to certain long-term contracts, partially offset by (ii) higher margin product sales (freight and aftermarket) increased as a percentage of total sales compared to other products. During 2011, raw material costs increased as a percentage of sales to approximately 44% in 2011 from 41% in 2010. Labor costs as a percentage of sales were approximately 11% in 2011 and 2010. Overhead costs decreased as a percentage of sales to approximately 16% in 2011 from 18% in 2010. Freight Group raw material costs increased as a percentage of sales to approximately 44% in 2011 from 40% in 2010. Freight Group labor costs decreased as a percentage of sales to approximately 10% in 2011 from 11% in 2010, and overhead costs decreased as a percentage of sales to approximately 15% in 2011 from 18% in 2010. Transit Group raw material costs as a percentage of sales were approximately 43% in 2011 and 2010. Transit Group labor costs increased as a percentage of sales to approximately 12% in 2011 from 11% in 2010, and overhead costs increased as a percentage of sales to 19% in 2011 from 18% in 2010. In general, raw material costs as a percentage of sales 28 increased reflecting the higher mix of revenue generated from freight original equipment sales and aftermarket services, which has a higher raw material component as cost of sales. Overhead costs vary as a percentage of sales depending on product mix and changes in sales volume. In addition, included in costs of sales is warranty expense. The provision for warranty expense is generally established for specific losses, along with historical estimates of customer claims as a percentage of sales, which can cause variability in warranty expense between quarters. Warranty expense was $3.0 million lower in 2011 compared to 2010 because of the completion of certain transit contracts, which had required creating initial warranty reserves. Gross profit increased to $570.2 million in 2011 compared to $449.1 million in 2010, for the reasons discussed above. Accordingly, for 2011, gross profit, as a percentage of sales, was 29.0% compared to 29.8%, for 2010. Operating expenses The following table shows our operating expenses: In thousands 2011 2010 Selling, general and administrative expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engineering expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $247,534 37,193 14,996 $195,892 40,203 10,173 Percent Change 26.4% (7.5)% 47.4% Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $299,723 $246,268 21.7% For the year ended December 31, Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $51.6 million in 2011 compared to 2010 because of $19.0 million of expenses from acquisitions and other growth initiatives, an $18.1 million charge for a court ruling, $11.9 million of incentive and non-cash compensation and $4.0 million of other certain one-time charges, partially offset by a benefit of $2.4 million from a settlement related to a prior acquisition. Engineering expense decreased by $3.0 million in 2011 compared 2010 as the Company focused engineering resources on completing original equipment contracts which caused the related engineering costs to be charged to cost of sales. Amortization expense increased in 2011 compared to 2010 due to amortization of intangibles associated with acquisitions. Total operating expenses were 15.2% and 16.3% of sales for 2011 and 2010, respectively. Income from operations Income from operations totaled $270.7 million or 13.8% of sales in 2011 compared to $202.8 million or 13.5% of sales in 2010. Income from operations increased due to higher sales volume, partially offset by increased operating expenses discussed above. Interest expense, net Overall interest expense, net, decreased due to higher interest income realized on higher invested cash balances. Other expense, net The Company recorded foreign exchange losses of $2.0 million in 2011 and foreign exchange losses of $1.0 million in 2010 due to the effect of currency exchange rate changes on intercompany transactions that are non U.S. dollar denominated and charged or credited to earnings. Income taxes The effective income tax rate was 33.4% and 34.1% in 2011 and 2010, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate is primarily due to a tax benefit of approximately $1.9 million which is due primarily to the settlement of examinations in various tax jurisdictions. Net income Net income for 2011 increased $47.0 million, compared to 2010. The increase in net income is due to higher sales volume, partially offset by increased operating expenses. 29 2010 COMPARED TO 2009 The following table summarizes the results of operations for the period: In thousands Freight Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transit Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . For the year ended December 31, 2010 2009 $ 784,504 722,508 1,507,012 202,810 $ 123,099 $ 588,399 813,217 1,401,616 180,032 $ 115,055 Percent Change 33.3% (11.2)% 7.5% 12.7% 7.0% The following table shows the major components of the change in sales in 2010 from 2009: In thousands Freight Group Transit Group Total 2009 Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Change in Sales by Product Line: Brake Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Specialty Products & Electronics . . . . . . Remanufacturing, Overhaul & Build . . . Other Transit Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign Exchange and Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . $588,399 81,811 $813,217 4,281 $1,401,616 86,092 20,362 63,146 3,029 — 27,757 (38,911) — (18,938) (26,294) (10,847) (18,549) 63,146 (15,909) (26,294) 16,910 2010 Net Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $784,504 $722,508 $1,507,012 Net sales increased by $105.4 million to $1,507.0 million in 2010 from $1,401.6 million in 2009. The increase is due to higher sales of $100.2 million from increased customer demand for freight original equipment and aftermarket products, freight overhaul and remanufacturing services, and sales related to acquisitions of $86.1 million. Partially offsetting this increase was lower sales of $85.1 million, resulting from the completion of a certain transit original equipment contract, lower demand for transit car overhauls and the completion of certain transit locomotive build contracts. The Company realized a net sales increase of $4.2 million due to favorable effects of foreign exchange, but net earnings were not materially impacted by foreign exchange. Net income for 2010 was $123.1 million or $2.56 per diluted share. Net income for 2009 was $115.1 million or $2.39 per diluted share. Net income increased due to higher sales volume and operating margins, partially offset by higher income tax expense. Freight Group sales increased by $196.1 million or 33.3% due to higher sales of $81.8 million from acquisitions, $63.1 million for specialty products and electronics, primarily resulting from increased customer demand for original equipment heat exchange products and aftermarket rail products; $20.4 million for brake products, resulting from increased rail traffic and aftermarket demand for brakes and valves; $13.6 million for other freight products, primarily resulting from increased international demand; and freight overhaul and remanufacturing services increased $3.0 million. For the Freight Group, net sales improved by $14.1 million due to the favorable effects of foreign exchange. Transit Group’s sales decreased by $90.7 million or 11.2%. Sales decreased $65.2 million because of the completion of a major original equipment contract early in 2010. Sales also decreased by $19.0 million due to lower levels of transit car overhauls and the completion of certain contracts for the manufacture of locomotives in 2010. These decreases were partially offset by sales from acquisitions of $4.3 million. For the Transit Group, net sales were reduced by $9.9 million due to unfavorable effects of foreign exchange. 30 Cost of Sales and Gross profit Cost of Sales increased by $49.6 million to $1,057.9 million in 2010 compared to $1,008.3 million in 2009. In 2010, cost of sales, as a percentage of sales was 70.2% compared to 71.9% in 2009. This decrease is the result of (i) higher margin product sales (freight and aftermarket) increased as a percentage of total sales compared to other products, and (ii) decreased costs in the transit segment due to efficiencies realized on certain long-term contracts. During 2010, raw material costs decreased as a percentage of sales to approximately 41% in 2010 from 43% in 2009. Labor costs as a percentage of sales were approximately 11% in 2010 and 2009. Overhead costs as a percentage of sales were approximately 18% in 2010 and 2009. Freight group raw material costs decreased as a percentage of sales to approximately 40% in 2010 from 41% in 2009. Freight group labor costs as a percentage of sales were approximately 11% in 2010 and 2009, and overhead costs decreased as a percentage of sales to approximately 18% in 2010 from 23% in 2009. Transit group raw material costs as a percentage of sales were approximately 43% in 2010 and 2009. Transit group labor costs increased as a percentage of sales to approximately 11% in 2010 from 10% in 2009, and overhead costs increased as a percentage of sales to approximately18% in 2010 from 17% in 2009. In general, raw material costs as a percentage of sales decreased reflecting the higher mix of revenue generated from contracts delivering train control and other related services, which has a higher labor component as cost of sales. Overhead costs vary as a percentage of sales depending on product mix and changes in sales volume. In addition, included in costs of sales is warranty expense. The provision for warranty expense is generally established for specific losses, along with historical estimates of customer claims as a percentage of sales, which can cause variability in warranty expense between quarters. Warranty expense was $2.4 million higher in 2010 compared to 2009 due to increased Freight Group sales. Gross profit increased to $449.1 million in 2010 compared to $393.3 million in 2009, for the reasons discussed above. Accordingly, in 2010, gross profit, as a percentage of sales, was 29.8% compared to 28.1% in 2009. Operating expenses The following table shows our operating expenses: For the year ended December 31, In thousands 2010 2009 Selling, general and administrative expenses . . . . . . . . . Engineering expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $195,892 40,203 10,173 $160,998 42,447 9,849 Percent Change 21.7% (5.3)% 3.3% Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $246,268 $213,294 15.5% Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $34.9 million in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to $17.3 million of expenses from acquisitions, and $16.7 million of incentive and non-cash compensation. Engineering expense decreased by $2.2 million in 2010 compared to 2009 as the company focused engineering resources on completing original equipment contracts. Costs related to engineering for specific customer contracts are included in the labor element of cost of sales. Total operating expenses were 16.3% and 15.2% of sales for 2010 and 2009, respectively. Income from operations Income from operations totaled $202.8 million or 13.5% of sales in 2010 compared to $180.0 million or 12.8% of sales in 2009. Income from operations increased due to higher sales volume and operating margins. Interest expense, net Overall interest expense, net, decreased. Interest expense is higher due to increased borrowings, offset by interest income on higher invested cash balances. Other expense, net The Company recorded foreign exchange expense of $1.0 million due to the effect of currency exchange rate changes on intercompany transactions that are non U.S. dollar denominated amounts and charged or credited to earnings. This was offset by $0.9 million of other miscellaneous income. 31 Income taxes The effective income tax rate was 34.1% and 29.6% in 2010 and 2009, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily due to a benefit recorded in 2009 related to the settlement of examinations in various taxing jurisdictions. Net income Net income for 2010 increased $8.0 million, compared to 2009. The increase in net income is due to higher sales volume and operating margins, partially offset by higher income tax expense. Liquidity and Capital Resources Liquidity is provided by operating cash flow and borrowings under the Company’s unsecured credit facility with a consortium of commercial banks. The following is a summary of selected cash flow information and other relevant data: In thousands Cash provided by (used for): For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 Operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Financing activities: $ 248,626 (146,182) $ 176,136 (156,255) $ 162,300 (115,221) Proceeds from debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257,000 (283,202) (26,022) (3,849) 9,314 248,400 (218,083) (8,381) (1,914) 5,826 197,500 (193,324) (19,654) (1,917) 4,438 Operating activities. In 2011, 2010 and 2009, cash provided by operations was $248.6 million, $176.1 million and $162.3 million, respectively. In comparison to 2010, increased cash provided by operations in 2011 resulted from higher net income and higher non-cash items, partially offset by a net increase in working capital. In 2011, accounts receivable increased by $68.7 million, primarily due to higher sales and inventory increased by $79.5 million from the prior year. These increases were partially offset by an increase in accounts payable of $60.0 million. All other operating assets and liabilities, net, provided cash of $123.1 million due primarily to the payment timing of certain accrued liabilities. In comparison to 2009, increased cash provided by operations in 2010 resulted from higher net income and higher non-cash items, partially offset by a net increase in working capital. In 2010, accounts receivable increased by $34.3 million, primarily due to higher sales and inventory increased by $1.7 million from the prior year. These increases were partially offset by an increase in accounts payable of $44.3 million. All other operating assets and liabilities, net, used cash of $20.2 million due primarily to the payment timing of certain accrued liabilities. Investing activities. In 2011, 2010 and 2009, cash used in investing activities was $146.2 million, $156.3 million and $115.2 million, respectively. Net cash paid for acquisitions was $109.0 million, $138.2 million and $96.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Refer to Note 3 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information on acquisitions. In 2009, the Company sold a facility for net cash proceeds of $3.6 million to an unrelated third party. Capital expenditures were $38.0 million, $20.8 million, and $18.3 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Financing activities. In 2011, cash used in financing activities was $46.8 million, which included $257.0 million in proceeds from debt and $243.5 million of repayments of debt on the revolving credit facility, $39.7 million of debt repayments on the term loan and other debt, $3.8 million of dividend payments and $26.0 million of Wabtec stock repurchases. In 2010, cash provided by financing activities was $25.8 million, which included $248.4 million in proceeds from debt and $185.4 million of repayments of debt on the revolving credit facility, 32 $32.7 million of debt repayments on the term loan and other debt, $1.9 million of dividend payments and $8.4 million of Wabtec stock repurchases. In 2009, cash used for financing activities was $13.0 million, which included $197.5 million in proceeds from debt and $162.5 million of repayments of debt on the revolving credit facility, $30.8 million of debt repayments on the term loan and other debt, $1.9 million of dividend payments and $19.7 million of Wabtec stock repurchases. The following table shows outstanding indebtedness at December 31, 2011 and 2010. In thousands 6.875% senior notes, due 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Term Loan Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revolving Credit Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less—current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 31, 2011 2010 $150,000 — 245,000 873 395,873 68 $150,000 137,500 134,000 575 422,075 40,068 Long-term portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $395,805 $382,007 Cash balance at December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $285.6 million and $236.9 million, respectively. 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement On November 7, 2011, the Company refinanced its existing revolving credit and term loan facility with a consortium of commercial banks. This “2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement” provides the company with a $600 million, five-year revolving credit facility. The Company incurred approximately $1.9 million of deferred financing cost related to the 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement. The facility expires on November 7, 2016. The 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement borrowings bear variable interest rates indexed to the indices described below. At December 31, 2011, the Company had available bank borrowing capacity, net of $48.9 million of letters of credit, of approximately $306.1 million, subject to certain financial covenant restrictions. Under the 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement, the Company may elect a Base Rate of interest or an interest rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) of interest (“the Alternate Rate”). The Base Rate adjusts on a daily basis and is the greater of the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.5% per annum, the PNC, N.A. prime rate or the Daily LIBOR Rate plus 100 basis points, plus a margin that ranges from 0 to 75 basis points. The Alternate Rate is based on quoted LIBOR rates plus a margin that ranges from 75 to 175 basis points. Both the Base Rate and Alternate Rate margins are dependent on the Company’s consolidated total indebtedness to cash flow ratios. The initial Base Rate margin is 25 basis points and the Alternate Rate margin is 125 basis points. At December 31, 2011 the weighted average interest rate on the Company’s variable rate debt was 1.53%. To reduce the impact of interest rate changes on a portion of this variable-rate debt, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements which effectively convert a portion of the debt from a variable to a fixed-rate borrowing during the term of the swap contracts. On December 31, 2011, the notional value of the interest rate swaps outstanding was $107.0 million and effectively changed the Company’s interest rate on bank debt at December 31, 2011 from a variable rate to a fixed rate of 2.19%. The interest rate swap agreements mature on December 31, 2012. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty. However, since only the cash interest payments are exchanged, exposure is significantly less than the notional amount. The counterparty is a large financial institution with an excellent credit rating and history of performance. The Company currently believes the risk of nonperformance is negligible. On January 12, 2012, the Company entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement with a notional value of $150 million. The effective date of the interest rate swap agreement is July 31, 2013, and the 33 termination date is November 7, 2016. The impact of the interest rate swap agreement will be to convert a portion of the Company’s then outstanding debt from a variable rate to a fixed-rate borrowing. During the term of the interest rate swap agreement the interest rate on the notional value will be fixed at 1.415%. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty. However, since only the cash interest payments are exchanged, exposure is significantly less than the notional amount. The counterparty is a large financial institution with an excellent credit rating and history of performance. The Company currently believes the risk of nonperformance is negligible. The 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement limits the Company’s ability to declare or pay cash dividends and prohibits the Company from declaring or making other distributions, subject to certain exceptions. The 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement contains various other covenants and restrictions including the following limitations: incurrence of additional indebtedness; mergers, consolidations, sales of assets and acquisitions; additional liens; sale and leasebacks; permissible investments, loans and advances; certain debt payments; and imposes a minimum interest expense coverage ratio of 3.0 and a maximum debt to cash flow ratio of 3.25. The Company does not expect that these measurements will limit the Company in executing our operating activities. See Note 8 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. 2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement On November 4, 2008, the Company refinanced its then existing unsecured revolving credit agreement with a consortium of commercial banks. This “2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement” provided the company with a $300 million five-year revolving credit facility and a $200 million five-year term loan facility. The Company incurred $2.9 million of deferred financing cost related to the 2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement. Both facilities were set to expire in January 2013. Under the 2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement, the Company may have elected a Base Rate of interest or an interest rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) of interest (“the Alternate Rate”). The Base Rate adjusted on a daily basis and is the greater of the PNC, N.A. prime rate, 30-day LIBOR plus 150 basis points or the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.5% per annum, plus a margin that ranges from 25 to 50 basis points. The Alternate rate was based on quoted LIBOR rates plus a margin that ranges from 125 to 200 basis points. Both the Base Rate and Alternate Rate margins are dependent on the Company’s consolidated total indebtedness to cash flow ratios. 6.875% Senior Notes Due August 2013. In August 2003, the Company issued $150 million of Senior Notes due in 2013 (“the Notes”). The Notes were issued at par. Interest on the Notes accrues at a rate of 6.875% per annum and is payable semi-annually on January 31 and July 31 of each year. The proceeds were used to repay debt outstanding under the Company’s existing credit agreement, and for general corporate purposes. The principal balance is due in full at maturity. The Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and rank pari passu with all existing and future senior debt and senior to all our existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company. The indenture under which the Notes were issued contains covenants and restrictions which limit among other things, the following: the incurrence of indebtedness, payment of dividends and certain distributions, sale of assets, change in control, mergers and consolidations and the incurrence of liens. The Company is in compliance with these measurements and covenants and expects that these measurements will not be any type of limiting factor in executing our operating activities. Management believes that based on current levels of operations and forecasted earnings, cash flow and liquidity will be sufficient to fund working capital and capital equipment needs as well as meeting debt service requirements. If sources of funds were to fail to satisfy the Company’s cash requirements, the Company may need to refinance our existing debt or obtain additional financing. There is no assurance that such new financing alternatives would be available, and, in any case, such new financing, if available, would be expected to be more costly and burdensome than the debt agreements currently in place. 34 Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements The Company is obligated to make future payments under various contracts such as debt agreements, lease agreements and have certain contingent commitments such as debt guarantees. The Company has grouped these contractual obligations and off-balance sheet arrangements into operating activities, financing activities, and investing activities in the same manner as they are classified in the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows to provide a better understanding of the nature of the obligations and arrangements and to provide a basis for comparison to historical information. The table below provides a summary of contractual obligations and off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2011: In thousands Operating activities: Total Less than 1 year 1 – 3 years 3 – 5 years More than 5 years Purchase obligations (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating leases (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension benefit payments (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Postretirement benefit payments (4) . . . . . . . . . . . $ 88,284 73,093 — — $ 78,818 12,655 10,781 1,880 $ 9,235 21,609 21,292 3,882 $ 231 14,259 21,672 4,185 $ — 24,570 55,093 11,991 Financing activities: Interest payments (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dividends to shareholders (7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,528 395,873 — 15,781 68 — 13,645 150,667 — 6,975 245,060 — Investing activities: Capital projects (8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,123 44,123 — Other: Standby letters of credit (9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,241 28,769 20,472 — — 127 78 — — — Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $192,875 $240,802 $292,382 (1) Purchase obligations for the purposes of this disclosure have been defined as a contractual obligation that is in excess of $100,000 annually, and $200,000 in total. (2) Future minimum payments for operating leases are disclosed by year in Note 14 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. (3) Annual payments to participants are expected to continue into the foreseeable future at the amounts or ranges noted. Pension benefit payments are based on actuarial estimates using current assumptions for discount rates, expected return on long-term assets and rate of compensation increases. The Company expects to contribute about $7.1 million to pension plan investments in 2012. See further disclosure in Note 9 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. (4) Annual payments to participants are expected to continue into the foreseeable future at the amounts or ranges noted. Postretirement payments are based on actuarial estimates using current assumptions for discount rates and health care costs. See further disclosure in Note 9 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. Interest payments are payable January and July of each year at 6.875% of $150 million Senior Notes due in 2013. Interest payments for the Revolving Credit Facility and Capital Leases are based on contractual terms and the Company’s current interest rates. (5) (6) Scheduled principal repayments of outstanding loan balances are disclosed in Note 8 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. (7) Shareholder dividends are subject to approval by the Company’s Board of Directors, currently at an annual rate of approximately $5.8 million. (8) The annual capital expenditure budget is subject to approval by the Board of Directors. The 2012 budget amount was approved at the December 2011 Board of Directors meeting. (9) The Company has $48.9 million in outstanding letters of credit for performance and bid bond purposes, which expire in various dates through 2013. Amounts include interest payments based on contractual terms and the Company’s current interest rate. 35 The above table does not reflect uncertain tax positions of $8.2 million, the timing of which are uncertain except for $1.8 million that may become payable during 2012. Refer to Note 10 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information on uncertain tax positions. Obligations for operating activities. The Company has entered into $88.3 million of material long-term non-cancelable materials and supply purchase obligations. Operating leases represent multi-year obligations for rental of facilities and equipment. Estimated pension funding and post retirement benefit payments are based on actuarial estimates using current assumptions for discount rates, expected return on long-term assets, rate of compensation increases and health care cost trend rates. Benefits paid for pension obligations were $12.5 million and $13.6 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively. Benefits paid for post retirement plans were $1.9 million and $1.9 million in 2011 and in 2010, respectively. Obligations for financing activities. Cash requirements for financing activities consist primarily of long- term debt repayments, interest payments and dividend payments to shareholders. The Company has historically paid quarterly dividends to shareholders, subject to quarterly approval by our Board of Directors, currently at a rate of approximately $5.8 million annually. The Company arranges for performance bonds to be issued by third party insurance companies to support certain long term customer contracts. At December 31, 2011 initial value of performance bonds issued on the Company’s behalf is about $48.9 million. Obligations for investing activities. The Company typically spends approximately $35 million to $45 million a year for capital expenditures, primarily related to facility expansion efficiency and modernization, health and safety, and environmental control. The Company expects annual capital expenditures in the future will be within this range. Forward Looking Statements We believe that all statements other than statements of historical facts included in this report, including certain statements under “Business” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” may constitute forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. Although we believe that our assumptions made in connection with the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure that our assumptions and expectations are correct. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, including, among other things: Economic and industry conditions • • • • • • • prolonged unfavorable economic and industry conditions in the markets served by us, including North America, South America, Europe, Australia, Asia, and South Africa; decline in demand for freight cars, locomotives, passenger transit cars, buses and related products and services; reliance on major original equipment manufacturer customers; original equipment manufacturers’ program delays; demand for services in the freight and passenger rail industry; demand for our products and services; orders either being delayed, cancelled, not returning to historical levels, or reduced or any combination of the foregoing; 36 • • • • consolidations in the rail industry; continued outsourcing by our customers; industry demand for faster and more efficient braking equipment; fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates; or availability of credit; Operating factors • • • • • • • • • supply disruptions; technical difficulties; changes in operating conditions and costs; increases in raw material costs; successful introduction of new products; performance under material long-term contracts; labor relations; completion and integration of acquisitions; or the development and use of new technology; Competitive factors • the actions of competitors; Political/governmental factors • • • • • • political stability in relevant areas of the world; future regulation/deregulation of our customers and/or the rail industry; levels of governmental funding on transit projects, including for some of our customers; political developments and laws and regulations, including those related to Positive Train Control; federal and state income tax legislation; or the outcome of our existing or any future legal proceedings, including litigation involving our principal customers and any litigation with respect to environmental, asbestos-related matters and pension liabilities; and Transaction or commercial factors • the outcome of negotiations with partners, governments, suppliers, customers or others. Statements in this 10-K apply only as of the date on which such statements are made, and we undertake no obligation to update any statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Critical Accounting Policies The preparation of the financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires Management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions regarding uncertainties that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts 37 of revenues and expenses. Areas of uncertainty that require judgments, estimates and assumptions include the accounting for derivatives, environmental matters, warranty reserves, the testing of goodwill and other intangibles for impairment, pensions and other postretirement benefits, and tax matters. Management uses historical experience and all available information to make these judgments and estimates, and actual results will inevitably differ from those estimates and assumptions that are used to prepare the Company’s financial statements at any given time. Despite these inherent limitations, Management believes that Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) and the financial statements and related footnotes provide a meaningful and fair perspective of the Company. A discussion of the judgments and uncertainties associated with accounting for derivatives and environmental matters can be found in Notes 2 and 18, respectively, in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. A summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies is included in Note 2 in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report and is incorporated by reference herein. Management believes that the application of these policies on a consistent basis enables the Company to provide the users of the financial statements with useful and reliable information about the Company’s operating results and financial condition. Description Judgments and Uncertainties Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: The Company provides an allowance for doubtful accounts to cover anticipated losses on uncollectible accounts receivable. Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Inventory is reviewed to ensure that an adequate provision is recognized for excess, slow moving and obsolete inventories. The allowance for doubtful accounts receivable reflects our best estimate of probable losses inherent in our receivable portfolio determined on the basis of historical experience, specific allowances for known troubled accounts and other currently available evidence. If our estimates regarding the collectability of troubled accounts, and/or our actual losses within our receivable portfolio exceed our historical experience, we may be exposed to the expense of increasing our allowance for doubtful accounts. If the market value of our products were to decrease due to changing market conditions, the Company could be at risk of incurring the cost of additional reserves to adjust inventory value to a market value lower than stated cost. If our estimates regarding sales and backlog requirements are inaccurate, we may be exposed to the expense of increasing our reserves for slow moving and obsolete inventory. Cost is determined under the first- in, first-out (FIFO) method. Inventory costs include material, labor and overhead. The Company compares inventory components to prior year sales history and current backlog and anticipated future requirements. To the extent that inventory parts exceed estimated usage and demand, a reserve is recognized to reduce the carrying value of inventory. Also, specific reserves are established for known inventory obsolescence. 38 Description Judgments and Uncertainties Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles: Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles are required to be tested for impairment at least annually. The Company performs its annual impairment test during the fourth quarter and more frequently when indicators of impairment are present. The Company reviews goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level. The evaluation of impairment involves comparing the current fair value of the business to the recorded value (including goodwill). A number of significant assumptions and estimates are involved in the application of the impairment test, including the identification of macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, Wabtec specific events and share price trends and making the assessment on whether each relevant factor will impact the impairment test positively or negatively and the magnitude of any such amount. Management considers historical experience and all available information at the time the fair values of its reporting units are estimated. However, actual amounts realized may differ from those used to evaluate the impairment of goodwill. If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values, we may be exposed to impairment losses that could be material to our results of operations. For example, based on the last quantitative analysis performed as of October 1, 2010, a decline in the terminal growth rate greater than 50 basis points would decrease fair market value by $133.3 million, or an increase in the weighted-average cost of capital by 100 basis points would result in a decrease in fair market value by $373.4 million. Even with such changes the fair value of the reporting units would be greater than their net book values as of the valuation date of October 1, 2010, necessitating no Step 2 calculations. See Note 2 in the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report for additional discussion regarding impairment testing. Warranty Reserves: The Company provides warranty reserves to cover expected costs from repairing or replacing products with durability, quality or workmanship issues occurring during established warranty periods. In general, reserves are provided for as a percentage of sales, based on historical experience. In addition, specific reserves are established for known warranty issues and their estimable losses. If actual results are not consistent with the assumptions and judgments used to calculate our warranty liability, the Company may be at risk of realizing material gains or losses. 39 Description Judgments and Uncertainties Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions Accounting for Pensions and Postretirement Benefits: These amounts are determined using actuarial methodologies and incorporate significant assumptions, including the rate used to discount the future estimated liability, the long-term rate of return on plan assets and several assumptions relating to the employee workforce (salary increases, medical costs, retirement age and mortality). Significant judgments and estimates are used in determining the liabilities and expenses for pensions and other postretirement benefits. The rate used to discount future estimated liabilities is determined considering the rates available at year-end on debt instruments that could be used to settle the obligations of the plan. The long- term rate of return is estimated by considering historical returns and expected returns on current and projected asset allocations and is generally applied to a five-year average market value of assets. If assumptions used in determining the pension and other postretirement benefits change significantly, these costs can fluctuate materially from period to period. The key assumptions in determining the pension and other postretirement expense and obligation include the discount rate, expected return on assets and health care cost trend rate. For example, a 1% decrease or increase in the discount rate used in determining the pension and postretirement expense would increase expense $2.0 million or decrease expense $2.1 million, respectively. A 1% decrease or increase in the discount rate used in determining the pension and postretirement obligation would increase the obligation $33.6 million or decrease the obligation$28.1 million, respectively. A 1% decrease or increase in the expected return on assets used in determining the pension expense would increase or decrease expense $1.7 million, respectively. A 1% decrease or increase in the health care cost trend rate used in determining the postretirement expense would decrease expense $0.4 million or increase expense $0.3 million, respectively. A 1% decrease or increase in the health care cost trend rate used in determining the postretirement obligation would decrease the obligation $3.8 million or increase the obligation $4.5 million, respectively. 40 Description Judgments and Uncertainties Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions Income Taxes: Wabtec records an estimated liability or benefit for income and other taxes based on what it determines will likely be paid in various tax jurisdictions in which it operates in accordance with ASC 740-10 Accounting for Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes. The estimate of our tax obligations are uncertain because Management must use judgment to estimate the exposures associated with our various filing positions, as well as realization of our deferred tax assets. ASC 740-10 establishes a recognition and measurement threshold to determine the amount of tax benefit that should be recognized related to uncertain tax positions. Revenue Recognition: Revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC-605 “Revenue Recognition.” The Company recognizes revenues on long-term contracts based on the percentage of completion method of accounting. The units-of-delivery method or other input-based or output- based measures, as appropriate, are used to measure the progress toward completion of individual contracts. Contract revenues and cost estimates are reviewed and revised at a minimum quarterly and adjustments are reflected in the accounting period as such amounts are determined. Revenue is recognized when products have been shipped to the respective customers, title has passed and the price for the product has been determined. Contract accounting involves a judgmental process of estimating the total sales and costs for each contract, which results in the development of estimated profit margin percentages. For each contract with revenue recognized using the percentage of completion method, the amount reported as revenues is determined by calculating cost incurred to date as a percentage of the total expected contract costs to determine the percentage of total contract revenue to be recognized in the current period. Due to the size, duration and nature of many of our contracts, the estimation of total 41 Management uses its best judgment in the determination of these amounts. However, the liabilities ultimately realized and paid are dependent on various matters including the resolution of the tax audits in the various affected tax jurisdictions and may differ from the amounts recorded. An adjustment to the estimated liability would be recorded through income in the period in which it becomes probable that the amount of the actual liability differs from the recorded amount. A deferred tax valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Should market conditions and customer demands dictate changes to our standard shipping terms, the Company may be impacted by longer than typical revenue recognition cycles. The development of expected contract costs and contract profit margin percentages involves procedures and personnel in all areas that provide financial or production information on the status of contracts. Due to the significance of judgment in the estimation process, it is likely that materially different revenue amounts could be recorded if we used different assumptions or if the underlying circumstances were to change. Changes in underlying assumptions/estimates, supplier performance, or circumstances may adversely or positively affect financial performance in future Effect if Actual Results Differ From Assumptions periods. If the combined profit margin for all contracts recognized on the percentage of completion method during 2011 had been estimated to be higher or lower by 1%, it would have increased or decreased revenue and gross profit for the year by approximately $6.0 million. A few of our contracts are expected to be completed in a loss position. Provisions are made currently for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts. Description Judgments and Uncertainties sales and costs through completion is complicated and subject to many variables. Total contract sales estimates are based on negotiated contract prices and quantities, modified by our assumptions regarding contract options, change orders, and price adjustment clauses (such as inflation or index-based clauses). Total contract cost estimates are largely based on negotiated or estimated purchase contract terms, historical performance trends, business base and other economic projections. Factors that influence these estimates include inflationary trends, technical and schedule risk, internal and subcontractor performance trends, business volume assumptions, asset utilization, and anticipated labor agreements. For long-term contracts, revenues and cost estimates are reviewed and revised quarterly at a minimum and adjustments are reflected in the accounting period as such amounts are determined. Certain pre-production costs relating to long term production and supply contracts have been deferred and will be recognized over the life of the contracts. Pre-production costs are recognized over the expected life of the contract usually based on the Company’s progress toward the estimated number of units expected to be delivered under the production or supply contract. A charge to expense for unrecognized portions of pre- production costs could be realized if the Company’s estimate of the number of units to be delivered changes or the underlying contract is cancelled. Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Interest Rate Risk In the ordinary course of business, Wabtec is exposed to risks that increases in interest rates may adversely affect funding costs associated with its variable-rate debt. The Company’s variable rate debt represents 35% and 32% of total long-term debt at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. On an annual basis a 1% change in the interest rate for variable rate debt at December 31, 2011 would increase or decrease interest expense by about $1.4 million. To reduce the impact of interest rate changes on a portion of this variable-rate debt, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements which effectively converted a portion of the debt from a variable to a fixed- 42 rate borrowing during the term of the swap contracts. Refer to “Financial Derivatives and Hedging Activities” in Note 2 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report for additional information regarding interest rate risk. Foreign Currency Exchange Risk The Company is subject to certain risks associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates to the extent our operations are conducted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. For the year ended December 31, 2011, approximately 53% of Wabtec’s net sales were to the United States, 9% to the United Kingdom, 8% to Canada, 6% to Australia, 5% to Mexico, 2% to Germany, and 17% in other international locations. (See Note 19 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report). To reduce the impact of changes in currency exchange rates, the Company has periodically entered into foreign currency forward contracts. Refer to “Financial Derivatives and Hedging Activities” in Note 2 of “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report for more information regarding foreign currency exchange risk. Our market risk exposure is not substantially different from our exposure at December 31, 2010. Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Financial statements and supplementary data are set forth in Item 15, of Part IV hereof. Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE There have been no disagreements with our independent public accountants. Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Wabtec’s principal executive officer and its principal financial officer have evaluated the effectiveness of Wabtec’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of December 31, 2011. Based upon their evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that Wabtec’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by Wabtec in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by Wabtec in such reports is accumulated and communicated to Wabtec’s Management, including its principal executive officer and principal finance officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There was no change in Wabtec’s “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2011, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Wabtec’s internal control over financial reporting. Management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting and the attestation report of the registered public accounting firm are included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appears on page 40 and is incorporated herein by reference. 43 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Ernst & Young’s attestation report on internal control over financial reporting appears on page 42 and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. 44 Items 10 through 14. PART III In accordance with the provisions of General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K, the information required by Item 10 (Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance), Item 11 (Executive Compensation), Item 12 (Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters), Item 13 (Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence) and Item 14 (Principal Accounting Fees and Services) is incorporated herein by reference from the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 16, 2012, except for the Equity Compensation Plan Information required by Item 12, which is set forth in the table below. The definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after December 31, 2011. Information relating to the executive officers of the Company is set forth in Part I. Wabtec has adopted a Code of Ethics for Senior Officers which is applicable to all of our executive officers. As described in Item 1 of this report the Code of Ethics for Senior Officers is posted on our website at www.wabtec.com. In the event that we make any amendments to or waivers from this code, we will disclose the amendment or waiver and the reasons for such on our website. This table provides aggregate information as of December 31, 2011 concerning equity awards under Wabtec’s compensation plans and arrangements. Plan Category (a) (b) Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options warrants and rights (c) Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 862,392 Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 862,392 $34.74 — $34.74 2,461,384 — 2,461,384 45 Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES The financial statements, financial statement schedules and exhibits listed below are filed as part of this PART IV annual report: (a) (1) Financial Statements and Reports on Internal Control Management’s Reports to Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation Shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 49 50 51 52 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the three years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 56 (2) Financial Statement Schedules Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Filing Method (b) Exhibits 3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company dated January 30, 1995, as amended December 31, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company, effective February 15, 2011 . . . . . . . . 4.1(a) Indenture with the Bank of New York as Trustee dated as of August 6, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . 4.1(b) Resolutions Adopted July 23, 2003 by the Board of Directors establishing the terms of the offering of up to $150,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 6.875% Notes due 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Purchase Agreement, dated July 23, 2003, by and between the Company and the initial purchasers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 11 3 3 3 46 4.3 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 21 23.1 31.1 Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement, dated August 6, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agreement of Sale and Purchase of the North American Operations of the Railway Products Group, an operating division of American Standard Inc. (now known as Trane), dated as of 1990 between Rail Acquisition Corp. and American Standard Inc. (only provisions on indemnification are reproduced) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letter Agreement (undated) between the Company and American Standard Inc. (now known as Trane) on environmental costs and sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase Agreement dated as of June 17, 1992 among the Company, Schuller International, Inc., Manville Corporation and European Overseas Corporation (only provisions on indemnification are reproduced) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Westinghouse Air Brake Company 1995 Non-Employee Directors’ Fee and Stock Option Plan, as amended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letter Agreement dated as of January 1, 1995 between the Company and Vestar Capital Partners, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and Authorized Representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment Agreement with Albert J. Neupaver, dated February 1, 2006 * . . . . . . . . . Restricted Stock Agreement with Albert J. Neupaver, dated February 1, 2006 * . . . . . . Share Purchase Agreement dated as of June 8, 2007 among the Company, RICON Acquisition Corp., RICON Corp., CGW Southeast Partners IV, L.P. and William L. Baldwin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock Purchase Agreement, by and between the Company and Polinvest S.r.l., dated May 16, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock Purchase Agreement, by and among the Company, Standard Car Truck Company and Robclif, Inc., dated September 12, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refinancing Credit Agreement by and among the Company, the Guarantors, various lenders, PNC Bank, National Association, PNC Capital Markets LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc., RBS Greenwich Capital, JP Morgan Chase Bank, Bank of America, N.A., Citizens Bank of Pennsylvania, the Bank of Nova Scotia and First Commonwealth Bank, dated as of November 4, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Form of Employment Continuation Agreement entered into by the Company with Albert J. Neupaver, Alvaro Garcia-Tunon, Raymond T. Betler, Charles F. Kovac, R. Mark Cox, David L. DeNinno, Patrick D. Dugan, Scott E. Wahlstrom and Timothy R. Wesley* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List of subsidiaries of the Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consent of Ernst & Young LLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Filing Method 3 2 2 2 8 2 2 5 4 4 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 1 31.2 32.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 1350 Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.INS** XBRL Instance Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.SCH** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.CAL** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.DEF** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.LAB** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.PRE** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Filing Method 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Filed herewith. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-90866). Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-110600). Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended March 31, 2006. Filed as an Annex to the Company’s Schedule 14A Proxy Statement (File No. 033-90866) filed on April 13, 2006. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended June 30, 2007. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended June 30, 2008. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended September 30, 2008. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 8-K (File No. 033-90866) Dated November 7, 2011. 10 Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended June 30, 2009. 11 Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 033-90866), dated February 22, 2011. 12 Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 033-90866), dated February 25, 2011. * Management contract or compensatory plan. ** Users of this data are advised pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T that this interactive data file is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, is deemed not filed for purposes of section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections. 48 MANAGEMENT’S REPORTS TO WABTEC SHAREHOLDERS Management’s Report on Financial Statements and Practices The accompanying consolidated financial statements of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation and subsidiaries (the “Company”) were prepared by Management, which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. The statements were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and include amounts that are based on Management’s best judgments and estimates. The other financial information included in the 10-K is consistent with that in the financial statements. Management also recognizes its responsibility for conducting the Company’s affairs according to the highest standards of personal and corporate conduct. This responsibility is characterized and reflected in key policy statements issued from time to time regarding, among other things, conduct of its business activities within the laws of host countries in which the Company operates and potentially conflicting outside business interests of its employees. The Company maintains a systematic program to assess compliance with these policies. Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Management has conducted an assessment, including testing, using the criteria in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting standards. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Management has excluded Brush Traction Group (“Brush”), Bearward Engineering (“Bearward”) and Fulmer Company (“Fulmer”) from its assessment of internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011 because the Company acquired Brush effective February 25, 2011, Bearward effective November 3, 2011 and Fulmer effective November18, 2011.Brush, Bearward and Fulmer are wholly owned subsidiaries whose total assets represents 2.8%, 2.9% and 0.7%, respectively and whose total net assets represents 3.6%, 2.9% and 1.3%, respectively, and net income represents 1.8%, -0.4% and 0.0%, respectively and whose customer revenues represents 2.5%, 0.6% and 0.1%, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011. Based on its assessment, Management has concluded that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the COSO. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein. 49 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the index at Item 15(a). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s Management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by Management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 24, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania February 24, 2012 50 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation: We have audited Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. As indicated in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management’s assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of Brush Traction Group (“Brush”), Bearward Engineering (“Bearward”) and Fulmer Company (“Fulmer”), which are included in the 2011 consolidated financial statements of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation and constituted 2.8%, 2.9% and 0.7%, respectively, of total assets and 3.6%, 2.9% and 1.3%, respectively, of total net assets as of December 31, 2011, and 1.8%-0.4% and 0.0%, respectively, of net income and 2.5%, 0.6% and 0.1%, respectively, of customer revenue for the year then ended. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation also did not include an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Brush, Bearward, and Fulmer. In our opinion, Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on the COSO criteria. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011 and our report dated February 24, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania February 24, 2012 51 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS In thousands, except share and par value Assets December 31, 2011 2010 Current Assets Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 285,615 346,281 348,174 57,339 18,373 $ 236,941 258,149 253,491 39,573 13,799 Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,055,782 513,113 (291,091) 801,953 478,023 (271,798) Property, plant and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222,022 206,225 Other Assets Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other intangibles, net Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other noncurrent assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587,531 257,355 240 36,023 881,149 545,832 216,913 3,346 28,812 794,903 Total Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,158,953 $1,803,081 Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity Current Liabilities Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Customer deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current portion of long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commitments and contingencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 244,649 72,811 48,564 29,416 68 392 145,485 $ 170,504 23,810 39,870 20,510 40,068 593 53,019 Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued postretirement and pension benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Commitments and contingencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long-term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541,385 395,805 63,837 74,217 1,290 21,224 13,551 Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,111,309 348,374 382,007 60,508 76,505 900 15,003 16,397 899,694 Shareholders’ Equity Preferred stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common stock, $.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized: 66,174,767 shares issued and 47,946,360 — — and 47,954,085 outstanding at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Treasury stock, at cost, 18,228,407 and 18,220,682 shares, at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively . . . Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 662 360,914 (309,196) 1,053,706 (60,897) Total Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-controlling interest 1,045,189 2,455 Total shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,047,644 662 339,861 (290,081) 887,406 (38,077) 899,771 3,616 903,387 Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,158,953 $1,803,081 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 52 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS In thousands, except per share data Year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,967,637 (1,397,213) $ 1,507,012 (1,057,934) $ 1,401,616 (1,008,290) Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selling, general and administrative expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engineering expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other income and expenses Interest expense, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other (expense) income, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations before income taxes . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570,424 (247,534) (37,193) (14,996) (299,723) 270,701 (15,007) (380) 255,314 (85,165) 449,078 (195,892) (40,203) (10,173) (246,268) 202,810 (15,923) (60) 186,827 (63,728) 393,326 (160,998) (42,447) (9,849) (213,294) 180,032 (16,674) 1 163,359 (48,304) Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . $ 170,149 $ 123,099 $ 115,055 Earnings Per Common Share Basic Diluted Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . $ 3.54 $ 2.57 Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . $ 3.51 $ 2.56 $ $ 2.41 2.39 Weighted average shares outstanding Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,820 48,329 47,597 48,005 47,499 47,977 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 53 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS In thousands Operating Activities Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operations: Year Ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 $ 170,149 $ 123,099 $ 115,055 Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . Excess income tax benefits from exercise of stock options . . . . . . . . . . Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accrued liabilities and customer deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets and liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,849 18,646 (16,595) 1,191 (4,415) (68,697) (79,537) 59,974 31,514 43,201 48,346 38,586 11,765 16,248 777 (2,570) (34,255) (1,650) 44,294 (5,811) (10,181) (4,166) 35,519 3,620 7,391 (2,913) (1,906) 80,541 33,360 (48,238) 841 (56,203) (4,767) Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248,626 176,136 162,300 Investing Activities Purchase of property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition purchase price adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (37,971) 663 (108,994) 120 (20,843) 418 (138,198) 2,368 (18,288) 4,091 (96,283) (4,741) Net cash used for investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (146,182) (156,255) (115,221) Financing Activities Proceeds from debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Payments of debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other benefit plans . . . . . Excess income tax benefits from exercise of stock options . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends ($0.08, $0.04 and $0.04 per share for the years ended 257,000 (283,202) (26,022) 4,899 4,415 248,400 (218,083) (8,381) 3,256 2,570 197,500 (193,324) (19,654) 2,532 1,906 December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3,849) (1,914) (1,917) Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities . . . . . . . Effect of changes in currency exchange rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increase in cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (46,759) (7,011) 48,674 236,941 25,848 2,553 48,282 188,659 (12,957) 12,732 46,854 141,805 Cash, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 285,615 $ 236,941 $ 188,659 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 54 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 5 5 In thousands, except share and per share data Balance, December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends ($0.04 dividend per share) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock-based Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized (loss) on foreign exchange contracts, net of $55 tax . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized (loss) on interest rate swap contracts, net of $25 tax . . . . . . . . . . Change in pension and post retirement benefit plans, net of $2,583 tax . . . . Stock Repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance, December 31, 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends ($0.04 dividend per share) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock-based Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized (loss) on foreign exchange contracts, net of $30 tax . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized (loss) on interest rate swap contracts, net of $980 tax . . . . . . . . . Change in pension and post retirement benefit plans, net of $1,807 tax . . . . Stock Repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance, December 31, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash dividends ($0.08 dividend per share) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proceeds from treasury stock issued from the exercise of stock options and other benefit plans, net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock-based Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized gain on foreign exchange contracts, net of $70 tax . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized gain on interest rate swap contracts, net of $434 tax . . . . . . . . . . Change in pension and post retirement benefit plans, net of $5,530 tax . . . . Stock Repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total comprehensive income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comprehensive Income (Loss) Common Stock Shares Common Stock Amount Additional Paid-in Capital Treasury Stock Shares Treasury Stock Amount Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total 66,174,767 $662 $328,587 (18,267,410) $(276,421) $ 653,083 (1,917) $(60,540) $ 645,371 (1,917) (2,500) 3,620 451,038 6,938 115,055 (669,700) (19,654) 32,040 (96) (38) (1,912) 4,438 3,620 115,055 32,040 (96) (38) (1,912) (19,654) 66,174,767 $662 $329,707 (18,486,072) $(289,137) $ 766,221 (1,914) $(30,546) $ 776,907 (1,914) (1,611) 11,765 471,950 7,437 123,099 (206,560) (8,381) (2,633) (52) (1,495) (3,351) 5,826 11,765 123,099 (2,633) (52) (1,495) (3,351) (8,381) 66,174,767 $662 $339,861 (18,220,682) $(290,081) $ 887,406 (3,849) $(38,077) $ 899,771 (3,849) 2,407 18,646 430,875 6,907 170,149 (438,600) (26,022) (12,714) 122 662 (10,890) 9,314 18,646 170,149 (12,714) 122 662 (10,890) (26,022) $115,055 32,040 (96) (38) (1,912) $145,049 $123,099 (2,633) (52) (1,495) (3,351) $115,568 $170,149 (12,714) 122 662 (10,890) $147,329 Balance, December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,174,767 $662 $360,914 (18,228,407) $(309,196) $1,053,706 $(60,897) $1,045,189 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1. BUSINESS Wabtec is one of the world’s largest providers of value-added, technology-based products and services for the global rail industry. Our products are found on virtually all U.S. locomotives, freight cars and passenger transit vehicles, as well as in more than 100 countries throughout the world. Our products enhance safety, improve productivity and reduce maintenance costs for customers, and many of our core products and services are essential in the safe and efficient operation of freight rail and passenger transit vehicles. Wabtec is a global company with operations in 18 countries. In 2011, about 47% of the Company’s revenues came from customers outside the U.S. 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiaries. Such statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Sales between subsidiaries are billed at prices consistent with sales to third parties and are eliminated in consolidation. Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The allowance for doubtful accounts receivable reflects our best estimate of probable losses inherent in our receivable portfolio determined on the basis of historical experience, specific allowances for known troubled accounts and other currently available evidence. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $8.4 million and $7.5 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined under the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Inventory costs include material, labor and overhead. Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment additions are stated at cost. Expenditures for renewals and improvements are capitalized. Expenditures for ordinary maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The Company provides for book depreciation principally on the straight-line method. Accelerated depreciation methods are utilized for income tax purposes. Leasing Arrangements The Company conducts a portion of its operations from leased facilities and finances certain equipment purchases through lease agreements. In those cases in which the lease term approximates the useful life of the leased asset or the lease meets certain other prerequisites, the leasing arrangement is classified as a capital lease. The remaining arrangements are treated as operating leases. Intangible Assets Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized. Other intangibles (with definite lives) are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives. Amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when indicators of impairment are present. The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually. The Company performs its annual impairment test during the fourth quarter after the annual forecasting process is completed, and also tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Periodically, Management of the Company assesses whether or not an indicator of impairment is present that would necessitate an impairment analysis be performed. In September 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Updated (“ASU”) 2011-08 which amends the rules for testing goodwill for impairment. Under the new rules, an entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more 56 likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary. We adopted ASU 2011-08 for our 2011 annual goodwill impairment test. In assessing the qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we assess relevant events and circumstances that may impact the fair value and the carrying amount of the reporting unit. The identification of relevant events and circumstances and how these may impact a reporting unit’s fair value or carrying amount involve significant judgments and assumptions. The judgment and assumptions include the identification of macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, Wabtec specific events and share price trends and making the assessment on whether each relevant factor will impact the impairment test positively or negatively and the magnitude of any such impact. If our qualitative assessment concludes that it is probable that we have an impairment, the Company then performs a quantitative assessment. In the first step of the quantitative assessment, our assets and liabilities, including existing goodwill and other intangible assets, are assigned to the identified reporting units to determine the carrying value of the reporting units. The Company reviews goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level. The Company prepares its goodwill impairment analysis by comparing the estimated fair value of each reporting unit, using an income approach (a discounted cash flow model) as well as a market approach, with its carrying value. The income approach and the market approach are equally weighted in arriving at fair value, which the Company has applied consistently. The discounted cash flow model requires several assumptions including future sales growth, EBIT (earnings before interest and taxes) margins and capital expenditures for the reporting units. The discounted cash flow model also requires the use of a discount rate and a terminal revenue growth rate (the revenue growth rate for the period beyond the three years forecasted by the reporting units), as well as projections of future operating margins. The market approach requires several assumptions including EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) multiples for comparable companies that operate in the same markets as the Company’s reporting units. Warranty Costs Warranty costs are accrued based on Management’s estimates of repair or upgrade costs per unit and historical experience. Warranty expense was $19.9 million, $22.8 million and $20.4 million for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Accrued warranty was $50.6 million and $35.5 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws. The provision for income taxes includes federal, state and foreign income taxes. Stock-Based Compensation The Company recognizes compensation expense for stock-based compensation based on the grant date fair value amortized ratably over the requisite service period following the date of grant. Financial Derivatives and Hedging Activities The Company has entered into foreign currency forward contracts to reduce the impact of changes in currency exchange rates. Forward contracts are agreements with a counterparty to exchange two distinct currencies at a set exchange rate for delivery on a set date at some point in the future. There is no exchange of funds until the delivery date. At the delivery date the Company can either take delivery of the currency or settle on a net basis. At December 31, 2011, the Company had no forward contracts. 57 At December 31, 2010, the Company had forward contracts for the sale of South African Rand (ZAR) and the purchase of U.S. Dollars (USD). The Company concluded that these foreign currency forward contracts qualify for cash flow hedge accounting which permits the recording of the fair value of the forward contract and corresponding adjustment to other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, on the balance sheet. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had forward contracts with a notional value of 24.7million ZAR (or $3.4 million U.S.) with an average exchange rate of 7.19 ZAR per $1 USD, resulting in the recording of a current liability of $192,000 and a corresponding offset in accumulated other comprehensive income of $122,000, net of tax. To reduce the impact of interest rate changes on a portion of this variable-rate debt, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements which effectively converted a portion of the debt from a variable to a fixed- rate borrowing during the term of the swap contract. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty. However, since only the cash interest payments are exchanged, exposure is significantly less than the notional amount. The counterparty is a large financial institution with an excellent credit rating and history of performance. The Company currently believes the risk of nonperformance is negligible. The Company concluded that the interest rate swap agreements qualify for special cash flow hedge accounting which permits the recording of the fair value of the interest rate swap agreement and corresponding adjustment to other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, on the balance sheet. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had interest rate swap agreements with a notional value of $107.0 million and which effectively changed the Company’s interest rate on bank debt at December 31, 2011 from a variable rate to a fixed rate of 2.19%. The interest rate swap agreements mature on December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2011, the Company recorded a current liability of $1.4 million and a corresponding offset in accumulated other comprehensive loss of $0.9 million, net of tax. Foreign Currency Translation Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries, except for the Company’s Mexican operations whose functional currency is the U.S. Dollar, are translated at the rate of exchange in effect on the balance sheet date while income and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from transactions, and the translation of financial statements are recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements based upon the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 830, “Foreign Currency Matters.” The effects of currency exchange rate changes on intercompany transactions and balances of a long-term investment nature are accumulated and carried as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. The effects of currency exchange rate changes on intercompany transactions that are denominated in a currency other than an entity’s functional currency are charged or credited to earnings. Foreign exchange transaction losses recognized in other (expense) income, net were $2.0 million, $1.0 million and $1.3 million for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Noncontrolling Interests In accordance with ASC 810, the Company has classified noncontrolling interests as equity on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was not material. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as net income and all other non-owner changes in shareholders’ equity. The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income consists of foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency hedges, foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps, and pension and post retirement related adjustments. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized in accordance with ASC 605 “Revenue Recognition.” Revenue is recognized when products have been shipped to the respective customers, title has passed and the price for the product has been determined. In general, the Company recognizes revenues on long-term contracts based on the percentage of completion method of accounting. The units-of-delivery method or other input-based or output-based measures, as appropriate, are used to measure the progress toward completion of individual contracts. Contract revenues and 58 cost estimates are reviewed and revised quarterly at a minimum and adjustments are reflected in the accounting period as such amounts are determined. Provisions are made currently for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts. Certain pre-production costs relating to long-term production and supply contracts have been deferred and will be recognized over the life of the contracts. Deferred pre-production costs were $15.4 million and $11.9 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Significant Customers and Concentrations of Credit Risk The Company’s trade receivables are from rail and transit industry original equipment manufacturers, Class I railroads, railroad carriers and commercial companies that utilize rail cars in their operations, such as utility and chemical companies. No one customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated net sales in 2011, 2010 and 2009. Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs All fees billed to the customer for shipping and handling are classified as a component of net revenues. All costs associated with shipping and handling is classified as a component of cost of sales. Research and Development Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company incurred costs of approximately $37.2 million, $40.2 million and $42.4 million, respectively. Employees As of December 31, 2011, approximately 25% of the Company’s workforce was covered by collective bargaining agreements. These agreements are generally effective from 2012 through 2014. Agreements expiring in 2012 cover approximately 17% of the Company’s workforce. Earnings Per Share Basic and diluted earnings per common share is computed in accordance with ASC 260 “Earnings Per Share.” Unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method included in ASC 260-10-55. (See Note 11 “Earnings Per Share” included herein) Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified, where necessary, to conform to the current year presentation. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual amounts could differ from the estimates. On an ongoing basis, Management reviews its estimates based on currently available information. Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates. 3. ACQUISITIONS The Company made the following acquisitions operating as a business unit or component of a business unit in the Freight Group: • • On November 3, 2011, the Company acquired Bearward Engineering (“Bearward”), a UK-based manufacturer of cooling systems and related equipment for power generation and other industrial markets, for a net purchase price of approximately $43.6 million, net of cash, resulting in preliminary additional goodwill of $22.2 million, none of which will be deductible for tax purposes. On August 20, 2010, the Company acquired Bach-Simpson Corporation (“Bach-Simpson”), a designer and manufacturer of electronic instrumentation devices for rail and transit markets, for a net purchase price of approximately $12.0 million, resulting in additional goodwill of $3.4 million, of which $2.6 million will be deductible for tax purposes. 59 • • • On July 28, 2010, the Company acquired G&B Specialties, Inc. (“G&B”), a manufacturer of railroad track and signaling products, for a net purchase price of approximately $31.8 million, net of cash received, resulting in additional goodwill of $14.8 million, none of which will be deductible for tax purposes. On March 12, 2010, the Company acquired Xorail LLC (“Xorail”), a leading provider of signal engineering and design services. The purchase price was $39.9 million, net of cash received, resulting in additional goodwill of $29.6 million, none of which will be deductible for tax purposes. On October 1, 2009, the Company acquired Unifin International LP, and its affiliate, Cardinal Pumps and Exchangers, Inc. (“Unifin”), a manufacturer of cooling systems and related equipment for the power generation and transmission industry. The purchase price was $92.9 million, net of cash received, resulting in goodwill of $56.4 million, of which $31.3 million will be deductible for tax purposes. For the Bearward acquisition, the following table summarizes the preliminary estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition. For the Bach-Simpson, G&B, and Xorail acquisitions, the following table summarizes the final fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition. In thousands Bearward Bach-Simpson G&B Xorail November 3, 2011 August 20, 2010 July 28, 2010 March 12, 2010 Current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant & equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill and other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 15,346 4,520 42,148 16 $ 3,800 213 8,559 — $ 7,957 5,430 30,738 26 $11,147 2,905 35,545 133 Total assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total liabilities assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,030 (18,404) 12,572 (574) 44,151 (12,309) 49,730 (9,787) Net assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 43,626 $11,998 $ 31,842 $39,943 The Company made the following acquisitions operating as a business unit or component of a business unit in the Transit Group: • • • • On November 18, 2011, the Company acquired Fulmer Company (“Fulmer”), a leading manufacturer of motor components for rail, power generation and other industrial markets, for a net purchase price of $13.6 million, resulting in preliminary additional goodwill of $1.0 million, which will be deductible for tax purposes. On June 29, 2011, the Company acquired an aftermarket transit parts business (“ATP”) from GE Transportation, a parts supply business for propulsion and control systems for the passenger transit car aftermarket in North America for a net purchase price of $21.1 million, resulting in no additional goodwill, on a preliminary basis. On February 25, 2011, the Company acquired Brush Traction Group (“Brush”), a UK-based provider of locomotive overhauls, services and aftermarket components for a net purchase price of approximately $30.7 million, resulting in additional goodwill of $20.5 million, on a preliminary basis, which will be deductible for tax purposes. On November 5, 2010, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Swiger Coil Systems (“Swiger”), a manufacturer of traction motors and electric coils for the rail and power generation markets for a net purchase price of approximately $43.0 million, resulting in additional goodwill of $18.6 million, of which all will be deductible for tax purposes. 60 For the Fulmer, ATP and Brush Traction acquisitions, the following table summarizes the preliminary estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition. For the Swiger acquisition, the following table summarizes the final fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition. In thousands Fulmer ATP Brush Traction Swiger November 18, 2011 June 29, 2011 February 28, 2011 November 5, 2010 Current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant & equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goodwill and other intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total liabilities assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4,203 1,500 8,545 — 14,248 (657) $ — — 21,100 — 21,100 — $ 19,558 8,862 30,816 — 59,236 (28,559) $ 9,650 2,705 33,411 — 45,766 (2,759) Net assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $13,591 $21,100 $ 30,677 $43,007 The 2011 acquisitions listed above include escrow deposits of $6.7 million, which may be released to the Company for indemnity and other claims in accordance with the purchase and escrow agreements. Of the preliminary allocation of $7.5 million of acquired intangible assets for Fulmer, exclusive of goodwill, $5.7 million was assigned to customer relationships, $676,000 was assigned to trade names, $908,000 was assigned to non-compete agreements and $244,000 was assigned to customer backlog. The trade names are considered to have an indefinite useful life while the customer relationships’ average useful life is 20 years and the non-compete agreements average useful life is two years. Of the preliminary allocation of $19.9 million of acquired intangible assets for Bearward, exclusive of goodwill, $12.3 million was assigned to customer relationships, $6.0 million was assigned to trade names, $1.2 million was assigned to non-compete agreements and $367,000 was assigned to customer backlog. The trade names are considered to have an indefinite useful life while the customer relationships’ average useful life is 20 years and the non-compete agreements average useful life is two years. Of the preliminary allocation of $21.1 million of acquired intangible assets for ATP, $17.3 million was assigned to customer relationships, $2.1 million was assigned to a license agreement and $1.7 million was customer backlog. The customer relationships, as well the license agreement, have an average useful life of 20 years. Of the preliminary allocation of $10.3 million of acquired intangible assets for Brush Traction, exclusive of goodwill, $2.7 million was assigned to customer relationships, $5.6 million was assigned to trade names and $2.0 million was assigned to customer backlog. The trade names are considered to have an indefinite useful life while the customer relationships’ average useful life is 10 years. Of the allocation of $14.8 million of acquired intangible assets for Swiger, exclusive of goodwill, $6.2 million was assigned to customer relationships, $5.1 million was assigned to trade names, $2.4 million was assigned to long-term contracts, $560,000 was assigned to non-compete agreements and $510,000 was assigned to customer backlog. The trade names are considered to have an indefinite useful life while the customer relationships’ average useful life is 15 years, the long term contracts average useful life is four years and the non-compete agreements average useful life is two years. Of the allocation of $5.1 million of acquired intangible assets for Bach-Simpson, exclusive of goodwill, $2.9 million was assigned to customer relationships, $486,000 was assigned to long-term contracts, $914,000 was assigned to trade names and $752,000 was assigned to customer backlog. The trade names are considered to have an indefinite useful life while the customer relationships’ average useful life is 15 years and the long term contracts average useful life is two years. 61 Of the allocation of $15.9 million of acquired intangible assets for G&B, exclusive of goodwill, $12.3 million was assigned to customer relationships, $2.8 million was assigned to trade names and $850,000 was assigned to customer backlog. The trade names are considered to have an indefinite useful life while the customer relationships’ average useful life is 15 years. Of the allocation of $5.9 million of acquired intangible assets for Xorail, exclusive of goodwill, $4.3 million was assigned to customer relationships, $426,000 was assigned to intellectual property, $470,000 was assigned to non-compete agreements and $750,000 was assigned to customer backlog. The customer relationships’ average useful life is 20 years, the intellectual property’s average useful life is six years and the non-compete agreements’ average useful life is six years. The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents income statement results as if the acquisition of Xorail, G&B, Bach-Simpson, Swiger, Brush Traction, ATP, Bearward, and Fulmer had occurred January 1, 2010: In thousands, except per share Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted earnings per share For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 $2,059,009 593,510 178,575 $1,710,560 507,040 142,284 As reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pro forma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 3.51 3.68 $ $ 2.56 2.96 4. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DISCLOSURES In thousands Interest paid during the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income taxes paid during the year, net of amount refunded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business acquisitions: For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 $ 16,505 68,053 $ 16,814 46,106 $ 17,693 35,766 Fair value of assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liabilities assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $160,862 47,620 $166,048 26,280 $111,583 13,760 Cash paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less cash acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,242 4,248 139,768 1,570 97,823 1,540 Net cash paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $108,994 $138,198 $ 96,283 On May 11, 2011, the Board of Directors increased its stock repurchase authorization to $150 million of the Company’s outstanding shares. Through December 31, 2011 purchases have totaled $26.0 million, leaving $124.0 million under the authorization. The new share repurchase authorization supersedes the previous authorization of $150 million of which $39.4 million was remaining. The Company intends to purchase shares on the open market or in negotiated or block trades. No time limit was set for the completion of the programs which conform to the requirements under the 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement, 2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement, as well as the Notes currently outstanding. During the first quarter of 2011, no shares were repurchased. During the second quarter of 2011, the Company repurchased 95,000 shares at an average price of $65.14 per share. During the third quarter of 2011, the Company repurchased 308,600 shares at an average price of $57.08 per share. During the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company repurchased 35,000 shares at an average price of $63.41 per share. All purchases were on the open market. 62 During the first quarter of 2010, the Company repurchased 75,000 shares at an average price of $41.28 per share. During the second quarter of 2010, the Company repurchased 79,600 shares at an average price of $40.40 per share. During the third quarter of 2010, the Company repurchased 51,960 shares at an average price of $39.83 per share. No additional shares were repurchased during the fourth quarter of 2010. All purchases were on the open market. 5. INVENTORIES The components of inventory, net of reserves, were: In thousands December 31, 2011 2010 Raw materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Work-in-process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finished goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $154,885 110,179 83,110 $108,768 81,254 63,469 Total inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $348,174 $253,491 6. PROPERTY, PLANT & EQUIPMENT The major classes of depreciable assets are as follows: In thousands December 31, 2011 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment Buildings and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Locomotive leased fleet $ 374,942 120,200 14,396 3,575 $ 347,389 116,888 10,323 3,423 PP&E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513,113 (291,091) 478,023 (271,798) Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 222,022 $ 206,225 The estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows: Land improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buildings and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Locomotive leased fleet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Years 10 to 20 20 to 40 3 to 15 4 to 15 Depreciation expense was $29.9 million, $28.4 million, and $25.7 million for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. 7. INTANGIBLES Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized. Other intangibles (with definite lives) are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated economic lives. Goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are reviewed annually during the fourth quarter for impairment (See Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” included herein). Goodwill and indefinite live intangible assets were not impaired at December 31, 2011 and 2010. 63 Goodwill was $587.5 million and $545.8 million at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The change in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the year ended December 31, 2011 is as follows: In thousands Balance at December 31, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustment to preliminary purchase price allocation of acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign currency impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Freight Group Transit Group Total $364,604 $181,228 $545,832 2,199 21,556 (138) 238 21,570 (3,726) 2,437 43,126 (3,864) Balance at December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $388,221 $199,310 $587,531 As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company’s trademarks had a net carrying amount of $114.6 million and $103.5 million, respectively, and the Company believes these intangibles have an indefinite life. Intangible assets of the Company, other than goodwill and trademarks, consist of the following: In thousands December 31, 2011 2010 Patents, non-compete, and other intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $32,316 and $29,612 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Customer relationships, net of accumulated amortization of $21,295 and $13,614 . . . . . . . $ 14,849 127,960 $ 14,363 99,039 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $142,809 $113,402 The weighted average useful lives of patents, customer relationships and intellectual property were five years, 16 years and 17 years respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $15.0 million, $10.2 million, and $9.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. Amortization expense for the five succeeding years is as follows (in thousands): 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 13,235 $ 11,565 $ 11,008 $ 10,509 $ 10,344 8. LONG-TERM DEBT Long-term debt consisted of the following: In thousands 6.875% senior notes, due 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Term Loan Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revolving Credit Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital Leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less—current portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . December 31, 2011 2010 $150,000 — 245,000 873 395,873 68 $150,000 137,500 134,000 575 422,075 40,068 Long-term portion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $395,805 $382,007 64 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement On November 7, 2011, the Company refinanced its existing revolving credit and term loan facility with a consortium of commercial banks. This “2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement” provides the company with a $600 million, five-year revolving credit facility. The Company incurred approximately $1.9 million of deferred financing cost related to the 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement. The facility expires on November 7, 2016. The 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement borrowings bear variable interest rates indexed to the indices described below. At December 31, 2011, the Company had available bank borrowing capacity, net of $48.9 million of letters of credit, of approximately $306.1 million, subject to certain financial covenant restrictions. Under the 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement, the Company may elect a Base Rate of interest or an interest rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) of interest (“the Alternate Rate”). The Base Rate adjusts on a daily basis and is the greater of the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.5% per annum, the PNC, N.A. prime rate or the Daily LIBOR Rate plus 100 basis points plus a margin that ranges from 0 to 75 basis points. The Alternate Rate is based on quoted LIBOR rates plus a margin that ranges from 75 to 175 basis points. Both the Base Rate and Alternate Rate margins are dependent on the Company’s consolidated total indebtedness to cash flow ratios. The initial Base Rate margin is 25 basis points and the Alternate Rate margin is 125 basis points. At December 31, 2011 the weighted average interest rate on the Company’s variable rate debt was 1.53%. To reduce the impact of interest rate changes on a portion of this variable-rate debt, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements which effectively convert a portion of the debt from a variable to a fixed-rate borrowing during the term of the swap contracts. On December 31, 2011, the notional value of the interest rate swaps outstanding was $107.0 million and effectively changed the Company’s interest rate on bank debt at December 31, 2011 from a variable rate to a fixed rate of 2.19%. The interest rate swap agreements mature on December 31, 2012. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty. However, since only the cash interest payments are exchanged, exposure is significantly less than the notional amount. The counterparty is a large financial institution with an excellent credit rating and history of performance. The Company currently believes the risk of nonperformance is negligible. On January 12, 2012, the Company entered into a forward starting interest rate swap agreement with a notional value of $150 million. The effective date of the interest rate swap agreement is July 31, 2013, and the termination date is November 7, 2016. The impact of the interest rate swap agreement will be to convert a portion of the Company’s then outstanding debt from a variable rate to a fixed-rate borrowing. During the term of the interest rate swap agreement the interest rate on the notional value will be fixed at 1.415%. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty. However, since only the cash interest payments are exchanged, exposure is significantly less than the notional amount. The counterparty is a large financial institution with an excellent credit rating and history of performance. The Company currently believes the risk of nonperformance is negligible. The 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement limits the Company’s ability to declare or pay cash dividends and prohibits the Company from declaring or making other distributions, subject to certain exceptions. The 2011 Refinancing Credit Agreement contains various other covenants and restrictions including the following limitations: incurrence of additional indebtedness; mergers, consolidations, sales of assets and acquisitions; additional liens; sale and leasebacks; permissible investments, loans and advances; certain debt payments; and imposes a minimum interest expense coverage ratio of 3.0 and a maximum debt to cash flow ratio of 3.25. The Company does not expect that these measurements will limit the Company in executing our operating activities. 2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement On November 4, 2008, the Company had refinanced its existing unsecured revolving credit agreement with a consortium of commercial banks. This “2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement” provided the company with a $300 million five-year revolving credit facility and a $200 million five-year term loan facility. The Company incurred $2.9 million of deferred financing cost related to the 2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement. Both facilities were set to expire in January 2013. 65 Under the 2008 Refinancing Credit Agreement, the Company may have elected a Base Rate of interest or an interest rate based on the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) of interest (“the Alternate Rate”). The Base Rate adjusted on a daily basis and is the greater of the PNC, N.A. prime rate, 30-day LIBOR plus 150 basis points or the Federal Funds Effective Rate plus 0.5% per annum, plus a margin that ranges from 25 to 50 basis points. The Alternate rate was based on quoted LIBOR rates plus a margin that ranges from 125 to 200 basis points. Both the Base Rate and Alternate Rate margins are dependent on the Company’s consolidated total indebtedness to cash flow ratios. 6.875% Senior Notes Due August 2013 In August 2003, the Company issued $150 million of Senior Notes due in 2013 (“the Notes”). The Notes were issued at par. Interest on the Notes accrues at a rate of 6.875% per annum and is payable semi-annually on January 31 and July 31 of each year. The proceeds were used to repay debt outstanding under the Company’s existing credit agreement, and for general corporate purposes. The principal balance is due in full at maturity. The Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and rank pari passu with all existing and future senior debt and senior to all our existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company. The indenture under which the Notes were issued contains covenants and restrictions which limit among other things, the following: the incurrence of indebtedness, payment of dividends and certain distributions, sale of assets, change in control, mergers and consolidations and the incurrence of liens. Debt and Capital Leases Scheduled principal repayments of debt and capital lease balances as of December 31, 2011 are as follows: 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Future years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 68 150,637 30 30 245,030 78 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $395,873 9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS Defined Benefit Pension Plans The Company sponsors defined benefit pension plans that cover certain U.S., Canadian, German, and United Kingdom employees and which provide benefits of stated amounts for each year of service of the employee. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for the plans. 66 The following tables provide information regarding the Company’s defined benefit pension plans summarized by U.S. and international components. Obligations and Funded Status In thousands Change in projected benefit obligation Obligation at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service cost Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employee contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plan curtailments and amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expenses and premiums paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of currency rate changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. International 2011 2010 2011 2010 $(47,623) $(47,027) $(141,151) $(128,997) (2,915) (7,531) (459) (1,124) 9,864 586 (9,318) (1,257) (3,204) (7,575) (443) 1,025 8,913 651 (5,377) 2,520 (267) (2,488) — — 3,709 — (1,550) — (309) (2,428) — — 3,585 — (5,576) — Obligation at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(52,351) $(47,623) $(144,641) $(141,151) Change in plan assets Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . Actual return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employer contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employee contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expenses and premiums paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of currency rate changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 39,738 1,105 2,693 — (3,585) — — $ 34,872 3,724 4,851 — (3,709) — — $ 125,568 673 16,777 443 (8,913) (651) (2,570) $ 112,602 12,201 8,364 459 (9,864) (586) 2,392 Fair value of plan assets at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 39,951 $ 39,738 $ 131,327 $ 125,568 Funded status Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefit obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 39,951 (52,351) $ 39,738 (47,623) $ 131,327 (144,641) $ 125,568 (141,151) Funded Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(12,400) $ (7,885) $ (13,314) $ (15,583) Amounts recognized in the statement of financial position consist of: Noncurrent assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncurrent liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ — (12,400) — (7,885) 2,582 (46) (15,850) $ 3,514 (370) (18,727) Net amount recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(12,400) $ (7,885) $ (13,314) $ (15,583) Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consist of: Initial net obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior service costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ (160) (33,983) (222) (28,683) (924) $ (539) (37,244) (1,086) (1,076) (28,263) Net amount recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(34,143) $(28,905) $ (38,707) $ (30,425) 67 The aggregate accumulated benefit obligation for the U.S. pension plans was $51.7 million and $47.2 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The aggregate accumulated benefit obligation for the international pension plans was $133.9 million and $131.2 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. In thousands Information for pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: Projected benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accumulated benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Information for pension plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets: Projected benefit obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Components of Net Periodic Benefit Costs U.S. International 2011 2010 2011 2010 $(52,351) $(47,623) $(101,228) $(73,387) (67,298) (51,735) 54,865 39,951 (47,217) 39,738 (94,505) 86,199 $(52,351) $(47,623) $(110,860) $(82,368) 63,271 39,951 39,738 94,965 In thousands Service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of initial net obligation and prior service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Curtailment loss recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Settlement loss recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 U.S. 2010 International 2009 2011 2010 2009 $ 309 2,428 (3,331) $ 267 2,488 (3,205) $ 282 2,745 (3,269) $ 3,204 7,575 (8,477) $ 2,915 7,531 (7,807) $ 2,775 6,864 (6,311) 62 2,502 — — 62 1,590 — — 62 1,392 — — 380 1,665 312 712 380 1,524 1,261 1,030 467 1,418 1,528 2,311 Net periodic benefit cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,970 $ 1,202 $ 1,212 $ 5,371 $ 6,834 $ 9,052 Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income during 2011 are as follows: In thousands U.S. International Net loss arising during the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of exchange rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization, settlement, or curtailment recognition of net transition obligation . . . . . . . . Amortization or curtailment recognition of prior service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization or settlement recognition of net loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(7,802) — — 62 2,502 $(12,155) 805 164 527 2,377 Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(5,238) $ (8,282) Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . $(7,208) $(13,653) The weighted average assumptions in the following table represent the rates used to develop the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation for the year listed and also the net periodic benefit cost for the following year. Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected return on plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rate of compensation increase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.30% 5.20% 5.75% 4.96% 5.43% 6.11% 8.00% 8.00% 8.00% 6.72% 6.94% 7.34% 3.00% 3.00% 3.00% 3.21% 3.17% 3.28% 2011 U.S. 2010 International 2009 2011 2010 2009 68 The discount rate is based on settling the pension obligation with high grade, high yield corporate bonds, and the rate of compensation increase is based on actual experience. The expected return on plan assets is based on historical performance as well as expected future rates of return on plan assets considering the current investment portfolio mix and the long-term investment strategy. As of December 31, 2011 the following table represents the amounts included in other comprehensive loss that are expected to be recognized as components of periodic benefit costs in 2012. In thousands Net transition obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net actuarial loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. International $ — 62 3,165 $3,227 $ 159 157 2,353 $2,669 Pension Plan Assets The Company has established formal investment policies for the assets associated with our pension plans. Objectives include maximizing long-term return at acceptable risk levels and diversifying among asset classes. Asset allocation targets are based on periodic asset liability study results which help determine the appropriate investment strategies. The investment policies permit variances from the targets within certain parameters. The composition plan assets consist primarily of equity security funds, debt security funds, and temporary cash and cash equivalent investments. The assets held in these funds are generally passively managed and are valued at the net asset value per share multiplied by the number of shares held as of the measurement date. Generally, all plan assets are considered Level 2 based on the fair value valuation hierarchy (See Note 17 “Fair Value Measurement” included herein). Plan assets by asset category at December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows: In thousands Pension Plan Assets U.S. International 2011 2010 2011 2010 Equity security funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Debt security funds and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $19,669 19,650 632 $24,282 14,947 509 $ 76,679 53,396 1,252 $ 74,501 47,575 3,492 Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $39,951 $39,738 $131,327 $125,568 The U.S. pension plan has a target asset allocation of 50% equity securities and 50% debt securities. The international pension plans have target asset allocations of 60% equity securities and 40% debt securities. Investment policies are determined by the respective Plan’s Pension Committee and set forth in its Investment Policy. Rebalancing of the asset allocation occurs on a quarterly basis. Cash Flows The Company’s funding methods are based on governmental requirements and differ from those methods used to recognize pension expense. The Company expects to contribute $1.7 million to the U.S. plans and $5.4 million to the international plans during 2012. 69 Benefit payments expected to be paid to plan participants are as follows: In thousands Year ended December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2017 through 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. International $ 3,562 3,585 3,610 3,647 3,577 18,044 $ 7,219 6,951 7,146 7,478 6,970 37,049 Post Retirement Benefit Plans In addition to providing pension benefits, the Company has provided certain unfunded postretirement health care and life insurance benefits for a portion of North American employees. The Company is not obligated to pay health care and life insurance benefits to individuals who had retired prior to 1990. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for all post retirement plans. The following tables provide information regarding the Company’s post retirement benefit plans summarized by U.S. and international components. Obligations and Funded Status In thousands Change in projected benefit obligation Obligation at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Service cost Interest cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plan amendments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plan curtailments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Actuarial (loss) gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of currency rate changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. International 2011 2010 2011 2010 $(31,614) $(29,060) $(4,349) $(4,827) (60) (300) 71 164 332 498 (227) (31) (1,610) — — 1,614 (1,823) — (45) (1,599) 2,074 — 1,590 (4,574) — (56) (231) — — 303 241 89 Obligation at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(33,464) $(31,614) $(4,003) $(4,349) Change in plan assets Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employer contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefits paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ — $ — 332 (332) 1,614 (1,614) 1,590 (1,590) 303 (303) Fair value of plan assets at end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ — $ — Funded status Fair value of plan assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benefit obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ — $ — (33,464) (31,614) (4,003) (4,349) Funded status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(33,464) $(31,614) $(4,003) $(4,349) 70 In thousands Amounts recognized in the statement of financial position consist of: Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Noncurrent liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. International 2011 2010 2011 2010 $ (1,555) $ (1,712) $ (325) $ (355) (3,994) (31,909) (29,902) (3,678) Net amount recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(33,464) $(31,614) $(4,003) $(4,349) Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consist of: Initial net obligation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior service credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net actuarial (loss) gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ — $ — 748 973 15,271 (31,380) 17,933 (31,319) 495 1,049 Net amount recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(16,109) $(13,386) $ 1,544 $ 1,721 Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost In thousands Service cost Interest cost Amortization of initial net obligation and prior service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization of net loss (gain) Curtailment gain recognized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 U.S. 2010 International 2009 2011 2010 2009 $ 31 1,610 $ 45 1,599 $ 84 1,719 $ 56 231 $ 60 300 $ 44 240 (2,661) 1,761 — (2,563) 1,378 — (2,515) 1,246 (1,330) — (243) (142) (225) (50) — (188) (62) — Net periodic benefit (credit) cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 741 $ 459 $ (796) $ (98) $ 85 $ 34 Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income during 2011 are as follows: In thousands U.S. International Net (loss) gain arising during the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Effect of exchange rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization or curtailment recognition of prior service cost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amortization or settlement recognition of net loss (gain) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(1,823) — (2,661) 1,761 Total recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(2,723) $ 241 (33) (243) (142) $(177) Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive (loss) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(3,464) $ (79) The weighted average assumptions in the following table represent the rates used to develop the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation for the year listed and also the net periodic benefit cost for the following year. The discount rate is based on settling the pension obligation with high grade, high yield corporate bonds. Discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.30% 5.20% 5.75% 5.15% 5.50% 6.40% 2011 U.S. 2010 International 2009 2011 2010 2009 71 As of December 31, 2011 the following table represents the amounts included in other comprehensive loss that are expected to be recognized as components of periodic benefit costs in 2012. In thousands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prior service credit Net actuarial loss (gain) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U.S. International $(2,601) 1,797 $ (804) $(236) (89) $(325) The assumed health care cost trend rate for the U.S. plans grades from an initial rate of 7.4% to an ultimate rate of 4.5% by 2027 and for international plans from 8.2% to 4.5% by 2030. A 1% increase in the assumed health care cost trend rate will increase the service and interest cost components of the expense recognized for the U.S. and international postretirement plans by approximately $206,000 and $29,000, respectively, for 2012, and increase the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation by approximately $4.23 million and $269,000, respectively. A 1% decrease in the assumed health care cost trend rate will decrease the service and interest cost components of the expense recognized for the U.S. and international postretirement plans by approximately $175,000 and $24,000, respectively, for 2012, and decrease the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation by approximately $3.6 million and $233,000, respectively. Cash Flows Benefit payments expected to be paid to plan participants are as follows: In thousands U.S. International Year ended December 31, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2017 through 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,556 1,584 1,649 1,717 1,821 10,297 $ 324 323 326 323 324 1,694 Defined Contribution Plans The Company also participates in certain defined contribution plans and multiemployer pension plans. Costs recognized under these plans are summarized as follows: In thousands For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 Multi-employer pension and health & welfare plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401(k) savings and other defined contribution plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,574 11,045 $ 1,130 9,567 $1,233 8,443 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $12,619 $10,697 $9,676 The 401(k) savings plan is a participant directed defined contribution plan that holds shares of the Company’s stock as one of the investment options. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the plan held on behalf of its participants about 403,400 shares with a market value of $28.2 million, and 433,300 shares with a market value of $22.9 million, respectively. Additionally, the Company has stock option based benefit and other plans further described in Note 12. The Company contributes to several multiemployer defined benefit pension plans under collective bargaining agreements that cover certain of its union-represented employees. The risks of participating in such 72 plans are different from the risks of single-employer plans. Assets contributed to a multiemployer plan by one employer may be used to provide benefits to employees of other participating employers. If a participating employer ceases to contribute to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers. If the Company ceases to have an obligation to contribute to the multiemployer plan in which it had been a contributing employer, it may be required to pay to the plan an amount based on the underfunded status of the plan and on the history of the Company’s participation in the plan prior to the cessation of its obligation to contribute. The amount that an employer that has ceased to have an obligation to contribute to a multiemployer plan is required to pay to the plan is referred to as a withdrawal liability. The Company’s participation in multiemployer plans for the year ended December 31, 2011 is outlined in the table below. For plans that are not individually significant to the Company, the total amount of contributions is presented in the aggregate. Pension Fund EIN / PN (a) 2010 2009 Pension Protection Act Zone Status (b) FIP / RP Status Pending / Implemented (c) Contributions by the Company 2011 2010 2009 Surcharge Imposed (d) Idaho Operating Engineers– Employers Pension Trust Fund Automobile Mechanics’ Local No 701 Union and Industry Pension Plan EIN # 91- 6075538 Plan #001 EIN #36-6042061 Plan #001 Green Green No $1,269(1) $883(1) $990(1) Yellow Green Yes (2) $298 $245 $233 No No Other Plans $7 $2 $10 Total Contributions $1,574 $1,130 $1,233 Expiration Dates of Collective Bargaining Agreements 6/30/2012 12/1/2014 (1) The Company’s contribution represents more than 5% of the total contributions to the plan. (2) Adopted a Funding Improvement Plan on August 26, 2010 reducing the accrual rate from $80 to $60 for service accruing on or after January 1, 2011. New contracts will require a minimum of $15/week increase in the contribution rate during each year of the agreement. (a) The “EIN / PN” column provides the Employer Identification Number and the three-digit plan number assigned to a plan by the Internal Revenue Service. (b) The most recent Pension Protection Act Zone Status available for 2010 and 2009 is for plan years that ended in 2010 and 2009, respectively. The zone status is based on information provided to the Company and other participating employers by each plan and is certified by the plan’s actuary. A plan in the “red” zone has been determined to be in “critical status”, based on criteria established under the Internal Revenue Code (“Code”), and is generally less than 65% funded. A plan in the “yellow” zone has been determined to be in “endangered status”, based on criteria established under the Code, and is generally less than 80% funded. A plan in the “green” zone has been determined to be neither in “critical status” nor in “endangered status”, and is generally at least 80% funded. (c) The “FIP/RP Status Pending/Implemented” column indicates whether a Funding Improvement Plan, as required under the Code to be adopted by plans in the “yellow” zone, or a Rehabilitation Plan, as required under the Code to be adopted by plans in the “red” zone, is pending or has been implemented as of the end of the plan year that ended in 2011. (d) The “Surcharge Imposed” column indicates whether the Company’s contribution rate for 2011 included an amount in addition the contribution rate specified in the applicable collective bargaining agreement, as imposed by a plan in “critical status”, in accordance with the requirements of the Code. 10. INCOME TAXES The Company is responsible for filing consolidated U.S., foreign and combined, unitary or separate state income tax returns. The Company is responsible for paying the taxes relating to such returns, including any subsequent adjustments resulting from the redetermination of such tax liabilities by the applicable taxing authorities. The components of the income from operations before provision for income taxes for the Company’s domestic and foreign operations for the years ended December 31 are provided below: In thousands For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 Domestic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $161,108 94,206 $113,430 73,397 $105,122 58,237 Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $255,314 $186,827 $163,359 73 Undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries amounted to approximately $303.0 million at December 31, 2011. Those earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested; accordingly, no provision for U.S. federal and state income taxes has been provided thereon. Upon repatriation of those earnings, in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company would be subject to both U.S. income taxes (subject to an adjustment for foreign tax credits) and withholding taxes payable to the various foreign countries. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. income tax liability is not practicable due to the complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation. Withholding taxes of approximately $3.2 million would be payable upon remittance of all previously unremitted earnings at December 31, 2011. The consolidated provision for income taxes included in the Statement of Income consisted of the following: In thousands Current taxes Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Federal State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 $ 57,272 12,203 32,285 $24,570 3,671 19,239 $19,174 3,625 18,114 $101,760 $47,480 $40,913 (10,591) (2,326) (3,678) (16,595) 11,205 1,163 3,880 16,248 6,426 1,485 (520) 7,391 Total provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 85,165 $63,728 $48,304 A reconciliation of the United States federal statutory income tax rate to the effective income tax rate on operations for the years ended December 31 is provided below: In thousands U. S. federal statutory rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research and development credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other, net For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 35.0% 35.0% 35.0% 2.0 2.3 0.2 (0.5) (1.9) (2.0) (1.0) (0.9) (0.2) (0.5) 2.2 (5.1) (1.4) (0.9) (0.2) Effective rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.4% 34.1% 29.6% The effective income tax rate for 2011 included a net tax benefit of approximately $1.9 million which is due primarily to the settlement of examinations in various tax jurisdictions. Deferred income taxes result from temporary differences in the recognition of income and expense for financial and income tax reporting purposes. These deferred income taxes will be recognized as future tax benefits or costs when the temporary differences reverse. 74 Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows: In thousands Deferred income tax assets: December 31, 2011 2010 Accrued expenses and reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warranty reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred comp/employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pension and postretirement obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State net operating loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tax credit carry forwards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross deferred income tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total deferred income tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deferred income tax liabilities: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant & equipment Intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other $ 30,602 13,144 11,504 23,760 9,518 3,011 4,635 96,174 — 96,174 23,018 87,784 2,010 Total deferred income tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,812 $ 10,035 11,832 7,754 19,137 7,461 3,022 4,795 64,036 (2,471) 61,565 21,090 70,937 3,124 95,151 Net deferred income tax liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (16,638) $(33,586) A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In 2011, a $2.5 million valuation allowance for foreign tax credit carryforwards was released because the related foreign withholding taxes have been claimed as U.S. tax deductions rather than carried forward as a deferred tax asset. Federal Research and Development credits of approximately $1.5 million have been fully utilized in 2011. Other state and foreign tax credit carryforwards of approximately $4.6 million are set to expire in various periods from 2013 to 2028. State net operating loss carryforwards in the amount of $64.5 million are set to expire in various periods from 2013 to 2032. As of December 31, 2011, the liability for income taxes associated with uncertain tax positions was $8.2 million, of which $2.1 million, if recognized, would favorably affect the Company’s effective income tax rate. As of December 31, 2010, the liability for income taxes associated with uncertain tax positions was $10.0 million, of which $3.1 million, if recognized, would favorably affect the Company’s effective tax rate. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of the liability for income taxes associated with uncertain tax positions follows: In thousands Gross liability for uncertain tax positions at beginning of year . . . . . Gross increases—uncertain tax positions in prior periods . . . . . Gross decreases—uncertain tax positions in prior periods . . . . . Gross increases—current period uncertain tax positions . . . . . . Gross decreases—audit settlements during year . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross decreases—expiration of audit statute of limitations . . . . 2011 2010 2009 $ 9,974 859 — 375 (1,889) (1,115) $ 9,981 2,117 (1,564) 313 (751) (122) $17,102 655 (562) 1,661 (8,753) (122) Gross liability for uncertain tax positions at end of year . . . . . . . . . . $ 8,204 $ 9,974 $ 9,981 The Company includes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2011, the total interest and penalties accrued was approximately $2.8 million and $1.5 million, 75 respectively. As of December 31, 2010, the total interest and penalties accrued was approximately $3.1 million and $1.7 million, respectively. The Internal Revenue Service is currently auditing the 2009 and 2010 tax years. With limited exception, the Company is no longer subject to examination by various U.S. and foreign taxing authorities for years before 2008. At this time, the Company believes that it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $1.8 million may change within the next 12 months due to the expiration of statutory review periods and current examinations. 11. EARNINGS PER SHARE The computation of earnings per share from operations is as follows: In thousands, except per share Numerator Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per common share—net income For the Year Ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Less: dividends declared—common shares and non-vested restricted stock . . $170,149 (3,849) $123,099 (1,914) $115,055 (1,917) Undistributed earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percentage allocated to common shareholders (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166,300 121,185 113,138 99.5% 99.5% 99.5% Add: dividends declared—common shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165,469 3,830 120,579 1,905 112,572 1,908 Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $169,299 $122,484 $114,480 Denominator Denominator for basic earnings per common share—weighted-average shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,820 47,597 47,499 Effect of dilutive securities: Assumed conversion of dilutive stock-based compensation plans . . . . . . . . . . 509 408 478 Denominator for diluted earnings per common share—adjusted weighted- average shares and assumed conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,329 48,005 47,977 Net income per common share attributable to Wabtec shareholders Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding and non-vested $ $ 3.54 3.51 47,820 $ $ 2.57 2.56 47,597 $ $ 2.41 2.39 47,499 restricted stock expected to vest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Percentage allocated to common shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,063 47,828 47,724 99.5% 99.5% 99.5% Options to purchase approximately 25,000, 15,000, and 79,200 shares of Common Stock were outstanding in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the options’ exercise price exceeded the average market price of the common shares. 12. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS As of December 31, 2011, the Company maintains employee stock-based compensation plans for stock options, restricted stock, and incentive stock awards as governed by the 2011 Stock Incentive Compensation Plan 76 (the “2011 Plan”) and the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the 2000 Plan). The 2011 Plan was approved by stockholders of Wabtec on May 11, 2011. The Company also maintains a Non-Employee Directors’ Fee and Stock Option Plan (Directors Plan). As of December 31, 2011, the number of shares available for future grants under the 2000 Plan was 453,322 shares. No awards may be made under the 2000 Plan or the Directors Plan subsequent to October 31, 2016. The 2011 Plan has a 10 year term through March 27, 2021 and provides a maximum of 1,900,000 shares for grants or awards. Stock-based compensation expense was $18.6 million, $11.8 million and $3.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The Company recognized associated tax benefits related to the stock-based compensation plans of $5.1 million, $3.0 million and $1.6 million for the respective periods. Included in the stock-based compensation expense for 2011 above is $2.7 million of expense related to stock options, $4.4 million related to non-vested restricted stock, $10.6 million related to incentive stock awards and $900,000 related to awards issued for Directors’ fees. At December 31, 2011, unamortized compensation expense related to those stock options, non-vested restricted shares and incentive stock awards expected to vest totaled $20.9 million and will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.3 years. Stock Options Stock options are granted to eligible employees and directors at the fair market value, which is the average of the high and low Wabtec stock price on the date of grant. Under the 2011 Plan and the 2000 Plan, options become exercisable over a four year vesting period and expire 10 years from the date of grant. The Directors Plan, as amended, authorizes a total of 500,000 shares of Common Stock to be issued. Generally, options issued under the plan become exercisable over a three-year vesting period and expire ten years from the date of grant and restricted stock issued under the plan vests one year from the date of grant. In addition, as compensation for directors’ fees, a total of 13,500 shares have been awarded to non-employee directors for the year ended December 31, 2009. As compensation for directors’ fees for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company issued a total of 11,636 and 18,302 shares of restricted stock to non-employee directors. The total number of shares issued under the plan as of December 31, 2011 was 391,938 shares. The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity and related information for the 2011 Plan, the 2000 Plan and Directors Plan for the years ended December 31: Outstanding at December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding at December 31, 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding at December 31, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted Average Exercise Price $20.16 30.23 13.57 26.16 $23.89 38.21 14.02 33.30 $27.83 58.05 19.38 27.91 Options 1,054,244 313,000 (199,879) (48,112) 1,119,253 120,125 (232,289) (8,700) 998,389 126,446 (252,860) (9,583) Outstanding at December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 862,392 $34.74 Exercisable at December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456,871 $28.94 Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands) 5.5 6.1 6.2 6.5 5.9 $ 20,655 3,320 (5,450) (706) $ 16,136 1,764 (9,030) (170) $ 25,018 1,505 (12,788) (403) $ 30,362 $ 18,737 77 Options outstanding at December 31, 2011 were as follows: Range of Exercise Prices Under $13.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.00 – 20.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.00 – 25.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.00 – 30.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Over 30.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted Average Exercise Price of Options Outstanding Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life Number of Options Currently Exercisable Weighted Average Exercise Price of Options Currently Exercisable $11.10 16.88 21.15 28.95 42.66 $34.74 1.0 2.8 3.0 6.8 7.5 56,449 45,500 10,667 137,250 207,005 456,871 $11.10 16.88 21.15 28.90 36.88 $28.94 Number of Options Outstanding 56,449 45,500 10,667 265,750 484,026 862,392 The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk-free interest rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock price volatility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expected life (years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Weighted average fair value of options granted during the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .08% 3.0% 45.6 5.0 $23.20 .10% 3.2% 46.1 5.0 $15.69 .13% 2.1% 43.1 5.0 $11.30 The dividend yield is based on the Company’s dividend rate and the current market price of the underlying common stock at the date of grant. Expected life in years is determined from historical stock option exercise data. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on the 7 year U.S. Treasury bond rates for the expected life of the option. Restricted Stock and Incentive Stock Beginning in 2006 the Company adopted a restricted stock program. As provided for under the 2011 and 2000 Plans, eligible employees are granted restricted stock that generally vests over four years from the date of grant. Under the Directors Plan, restricted stock awards vest one year from the date of grant. In addition, the Company has issued incentive stock awards to eligible employees that vest upon attainment of certain cumulative three-year performance goals. The incentive stock awards included in the table below represent the number of shares that may vest if the performance targets are met. As of December 31, 2011, based on the Company’s performance, we estimate that these stock awards will vest and have recorded compensation expense accordingly. If our estimate of the number of these stock awards expected to vest changes in a future accounting period, compensation expense could be reduced and will be recognized over the remaining vesting period. 78 The following table summarizes the restricted stock activity for the 2011Plan, the 2000 Plan and the Directors Plan, and incentive stock awards activity for the 2011 Plan and the 2000 Plan with related information for the years ended December 31: Non-Vested Restricted Stock Incentive Stock Awards Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Outstanding at December 31, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding at December 31, 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outstanding at December 31, 2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279,792 89,500 (105,833) (22,175) 241,284 160,427 (114,509) (10,575) 276,627 113,582 (112,330) (3,270) 699,666 174,000 (170,334) (435,540) 267,792 158,492 (99,318) 29,361 356,327 117,150 (67,342) 240,227 Outstanding at December 31, 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274,609 646,362 $35.12 29.00 36.39 34.70 $31.65 39.17 33.36 34.94 $35.90 28.35 36.47 46.37 $44.04 Compensation expense for the non-vested restricted stock and incentive stock awards is based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and recognized over the applicable vesting period. 13. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were: In thousands Foreign currency translation (loss) gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized loss on foreign exchange contracts, net of tax of $0 and $70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unrealized loss on interest rate swap contracts, net of tax of $571 and $1,005 . . . . . . . . . . . Pension benefit plans and post retirement benefit plans, net of tax of $(29,836) and December 31, 2011 2010 $ (2,447) $ 10,267 (122) (1,533) — (871) $(24,305) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (57,579) (46,689) Total accumulated other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(60,897) $(38,077) 14. OPERATING LEASES The Company leases office and manufacturing facilities under operating leases with terms ranging from one to 15 years, excluding renewal options. Total net rental expense charged to operations in 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $13.4 million, $9.8 million and $8.5 million respectively. The amounts above are shown net of sublease rentals of $0.3 million, $0.2 million and zero for the years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. 79 Future minimum rental payments under operating leases with remaining non-cancelable terms in excess of one year are as follows: In thousands 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2017 and after Real Estate $11,469 10,668 9,660 7,936 6,289 24,570 Equipment Total $1,186 895 386 31 3 0 $12,655 11,563 10,046 7,967 6,292 24,570 15. WARRANTIES The following table reconciles the changes in the Company’s product warranty reserve as follows: In thousands For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 Balance at beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warranty expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warranty payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 35,513 19,884 12,070 (16,827) $ 29,207 22,841 215 (16,750) Balance at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 50,640 $ 35,513 16. PREFERRED STOCK The Company’s authorized capital stock includes 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock. The Board of Directors has the authority to issue the preferred stock and to fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of each such class or series, including dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, without any further vote or action by the Company’s shareholders. The rights and preferences of the preferred stock would be superior to those of the common stock. At December 31, 2011 and 2010 there was no preferred stock issued or outstanding. 17. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and explains the related disclosure requirements. ASC 820 indicates, among other things, that a fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell an asset or transfer a liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability and defines fair value based upon an exit price model. Valuation Hierarchy. ASC 820 establishes a valuation hierarchy for disclosure of the inputs to valuation used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows. Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on the Company’s assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value. A financial asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. 80 The following table provides the liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2011, which are included in other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance sheet: In thousands Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2011 Using Total Carrying Value at December 31, 2011 Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,442 $1,442 — $— 1,442 $1,442 — $— The following table provides the liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2010, which are included in other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance sheet: In thousands Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2010 Using Total Carrying Value at December 31, 2010 Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Foreign currency forward contracts . . . . . . . . Interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 192 2,538 $2,730 $— — $— $ 192 2,538 $2,730 $— — $— As a result of our global operating activities the Company is exposed to market risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates, which may adversely affect our operating results and financial position. When deemed appropriate, the Company minimizes these risks through entering into foreign currency forward contracts. The foreign currency forward contracts are valued using broker quotations, or market transactions in either the listed or over-the counter markets. As such, these derivative instruments are classified within level 2. The Company’s defined benefit pension plan assets consist primarily of equity security funds, debt security funds and temporary cash and cash equivalent investments. Generally, all plan assets are considered Level 2 based on the fair value valuation hierarchy (See Note 9 “Employee Benefit Plans” included herein). 18. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES The Company is subject to a variety of environmental laws and regulations governing discharges to air and water, the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous or solid waste materials and the remediation of contamination associated with releases of hazardous substances. The Company believes its operations currently comply in all material respects with all of the various environmental laws and regulations applicable to our business; however, there can be no assurance that environmental requirements will not change in the future or that we will not incur significant costs to comply with such requirements. Under terms of the purchase agreement and related documents for the 1990 Acquisition, American Standard, Inc., now known as Trane (“Trane”), has indemnified the Company for certain items including, among other things, certain environmental claims the Company asserted prior to 2000. If Trane was unable to honor or meet these indemnifications, the Company would be responsible for such items. In the opinion of Management, Trane currently has the ability to meet its indemnification obligations. Claims have been filed against the Company and certain of its affiliates in various jurisdictions across the United States by persons alleging bodily injury as a result of exposure to asbestos-containing products. Most of these claims have been made against our wholly owned subsidiary, Railroad Friction Products Corporation (“RFPC”), and are based on a product sold by RFPC prior to the time that the Company acquired any interest in RFPC. 81 Most of these claims, including all of the RFPC claims, are submitted to insurance carriers for defense and indemnity or to non-affiliated companies that retain the liabilities for the asbestos-containing products at issue. We cannot, however, assure that all these claims will be fully covered by insurance or that the indemnitors or insurers will remain financially viable. Our ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these claims, as is the case with other pending litigation, cannot be estimated. It is Management’s belief that the potential range of loss for asbestos-related bodily injury cases is not reasonably determinable at present due to a variety of factors, including: (1) the asbestos case settlement history of the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, RFPC; (2) the unpredictable nature of personal injury litigation in general; and (3) the uncertainty of asbestos litigation in particular. Despite this uncertainty, and although the results of the Company’s operations and cash flows for any given period could be adversely affected by asbestos- related lawsuits, Management believes that the final resolution of the Company’s asbestos-related cases will not be material to the Company’s overall financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In general, this belief is based upon: (1) Wabtec’s and RFPC’s history of settlements and dismissals of asbestos-related cases to date; (2) the inability of many plaintiffs to establish any exposure or causal relationship to RFPC’s product; and (3) the inability of many plaintiffs to demonstrate any identifiable injury or compensable loss. More specifically, as to RFPC, Management’s belief that any losses due to asbestos-related cases would not be material is also based on the fact that RFPC owns insurance which provides coverage for asbestos-related bodily injury claims. To date, RFPC’s insurers have provided RFPC with defense and indemnity in these actions. The overall number of new claims being filed against RFPC has dropped significantly in recent years; however, these new claims, and all previously filed claims, may take a significant period of time to resolve. As to Wabtec and its divisions, Management’s belief that asbestos-related cases will not have a material impact is also based on its position that it has no legal liability for asbestos-related bodily injury claims, and that the former owners of Wabtec’s assets retained asbestos liabilities for the products at issue. To date, Wabtec has been able to successfully defend itself on this basis, including two arbitration decisions and a judicial opinion, all of which confirmed Wabtec’s position that it did not assume any asbestos liabilities from the former owners of certain Wabtec assets. Although Wabtec has incurred defense and administrative costs in connection with asbestos bodily injury actions, these costs have not been material, and the Company has no information that would suggest these costs would become material in the foreseeable future. On October 18, 2007, Faiveley Transport Malmo AB (“Faiveley Malmo”) filed a request for arbitration with the International Chamber of Commerce alleging breach of contract and trade secret violations relating to the Company’s manufacture and sale of certain components. In the international arbitration proceeding, Faiveley Malmo originally alleged $128 million in damages, but later reduced its claim to $91 million in damages. An ICC International Court of Arbitration Arbitral Tribunal heard the case during the first half of 2009 and issued an award dated December 21, 2009. Pursuant to the Award, the Company was required to make a $3.9 million royalty payment to Faiveley Malmo, with respect to Faiveley Malmo’s claims against the Company alleging breach of contract and trade secret violations. On May 14, 2010, Faiveley Transport USA, Inc., Faiveley Transport Nordic AB, Faiveley Transport Amiens S.A.S, and Ellcon National, Inc. filed a complaint against Wabtec Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. That complaint was amended on June 8, 2010. The claims in the amended complaint include misappropriation of trade secrets, unfair competition, tortious interference with prospective business relations, tortious interference with prospective economic advantage, and unjust enrichment. On April 13, 2011, a judge issued an order, without an opinion, that granted the plaintiffs’ motion for partial summary judgment on three of their four claims and denied Wabtec’s motion for summary judgment. A jury trial on damages took place from June 20, 2011 to June 28, 2011, and the jury awarded the plaintiffs $18.1 million. On July 29, 2011, after considering post-trial motions on prejudgment interest and on potential adjustments to the jury’s award, the Court entered a final verdict in the amount of $18.1 million, plus interest. The Company appealed the verdict, and this appeal is pending. The Company recorded a charge in the second quarter in the amount of $18.1 million. The Company and a wholly owned subsidiary, Standard Car Truck Company (“SCTC”), were sued for patent infringement by Amsted Industries Incorporated (“Amsted”) in the U.S. District Court for the Southern 82 District of Illinois. Amsted did not allege any specific amount of damages. The Company moved to dismiss Amsted’s amended complaint. SCTC answered Amsted’s amended complaint, asserting defenses and counterclaims including non-infringement, patent invalidity, and unreasonable delays in pursuing the claim. SCTC also moved to transfer the case to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois. The parties entered into a settlement agreement resolving this matter effective February 17, 2012. The Company does not believe that the settlement will have a material effect on the Company. The Company is subject to a RCRA Part B Closure Permit (“the Permit”) issued by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare, Division of Environmental Quality relating to the monitoring and treatment of groundwater contamination on, and adjacent to, the MotivePower Inc. (Boise, Idaho) facility. In compliance with the Permit, the Company has completed an accelerated plan for the treatment of contaminated groundwater, and continues onsite and offsite monitoring for hazardous constituents. Reflected in the commitments and contingencies line of the consolidated balance sheet, the Company has accruals of approximately $501,000 at December 31, 2011, the estimated remaining costs for remediation and monitoring. The Company was in compliance with the Permit at December 31, 2011. Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation (FWEC), the seller of the Mountaintop, Pennsylvania property to the predecessor of one of the Company’s subsidiaries in 1989, agreed to indemnify the Company’s predecessor and its successors and assigns against certain identified environmental liabilities for which FWEC executed a Consent Order Agreement with the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP) and EPA. Management believes that this indemnification arrangement is enforceable for the benefit of the Company and that FWEC has the financial resources to honor its obligations under this indemnification arrangement. Young Radiator ceased manufacturing operations at its Racine, Wisconsin facility in the early 1990s. Investigations prior to the acquisition of Young revealed some levels of contamination on the Racine property. The Company has completed a comprehensive site evaluation and implemented a groundwater remediation program under Wisconsin’s voluntary remediation program. Site monitoring is being conducted to demonstrate attainment of Wisconsin’s cleanup requirements. The Company believes the regulating authority is generally in agreement with the selected remediation approach and findings presented to-date. From time to time the Company is involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations in the ordinary course of business. As of the date hereof, the Company is involved in no litigation that the Company believes will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. 19. SEGMENT INFORMATION Wabtec has two reportable segments—the Freight Group and the Transit Group. The key factors used to identify these reportable segments are the organization and alignment of the Company’s internal operations, the nature of the products and services, and customer type. The business segments are: Freight Group primarily manufactures and services components for new and existing freight cars and locomotives, builds new switcher locomotives, rebuilds freight locomotives, supplies railway electronics, positive train control equipment, signal design and engineering services, and provides related heat exchange and cooling systems. Customers include large, publicly traded railroads, leasing companies, manufacturers of original equipment such as locomotives and freight cars, and utilities. Transit Group primarily manufactures and services components for new and existing passenger transit vehicles, typically subway cars and buses, builds new commuter locomotives and refurbishes subway cars. Customers include public transit authorities and municipalities, leasing companies, and manufacturers of subway cars and buses around the world. 83 The Company evaluates its business segments’ operating results based on income from operations. Corporate activities include general corporate expenses, elimination of intersegment transactions, interest income and expense and other unallocated charges. Since certain administrative and other operating expenses and other items have not been allocated to business segments, the results in the following tables are not necessarily a measure computed in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and may not be comparable to other companies. Segment financial information for 2011 is as follows: In thousands Freight Group Transit Group Corporate Activities and Elimination Total Sales to external customers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intersegment sales/(elimination) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,210,059 16,703 $ 757,578 6,419 $ — $1,967,637 (23,122) — Total sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,226,762 $ 763,997 $ (23,122) $1,967,637 Income (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 225,282 — $ 83,760 — $ (38,341) (15,387) $ 270,701 (15,387) Income (loss) from operations before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 225,282 $ 83,760 $ (53,728) $ 255,314 Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Segment assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,216 24,118 1,799,385 14,864 11,857 1,102,370 769 1,996 (742,802) 44,849 37,971 2,158,953 Segment financial information for 2010 is as follows: In thousands Freight Group Transit Group Corporate Activities and Elimination Total Sales to external customers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intersegment sales/(elimination) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 784,504 17,740 $722,508 3,437 $ — $1,507,012 — (21,177) Total sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 802,244 $725,945 $ (21,177) $1,507,012 Income (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense and other $ 122,127 — $ 95,563 — $ (14,880) (15,983) $ 202,810 (15,983) Income (loss) from operations before income taxes . . . $ 122,127 $ 95,563 $ (30,863) $ 186,827 Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Segment assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,336 11,765 1,543,839 11,580 8,016 903,879 670 1,062 (644,637) 38,586 20,843 1,803,081 84 Segment financial information for 2009 is as follows: In thousands Freight Group Transit Group Corporate Activities and Elimination Total Sales to external customers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intersegment sales/(elimination) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 588,399 26,040 $813,217 2,442 — $1,401,616 — (28,482) Total sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 614,439 $815,659 $ (28,482) $1,401,616 Income (loss) from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest expense and other Income (loss) from operations before income taxes . . . $ $ 74,101 — $128,795 — $ (22,864) (16,673) $ 180,032 (16,673) 74,101 $128,795 $ (39,537) $ 163,359 Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Capital expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Segment assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,128 9,199 1,226,145 12,940 7,791 929,855 451 1,298 (570,165) 35,519 18,288 1,585,835 The following geographic area data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, includes net sales based on product shipment destination and long-lived assets, which consist of plant, property and equipment, net of depreciation, resident in their respective countries: In thousands United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other international . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2011 $1,051,372 182,653 157,379 106,254 104,384 70,786 50,412 35,199 20,641 33,452 155,105 Net Sales 2010 $ 815,001 130,346 172,509 76,168 45,079 15,828 41,653 14,039 30,052 29,992 136,345 Long-Lived Assets 2009 2011 2010 2009 $ 838,263 139,804 134,811 59,016 31,515 4,104 38,989 14,971 18,372 33,478 88,293 $126,837 21,046 12,982 5,075 5,281 893 21,937 15 6,248 13,211 8,497 $125,081 6,747 16,290 5,373 5,946 709 19,801 8 2,925 14,203 9,142 $121,427 6,490 17,203 5,216 6,778 — 19,798 9 269 15,242 9,275 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,967,637 $1,507,012 $1,401,616 $222,022 $206,225 $201,707 Export sales from the Company’s United States operations were $410.6 million, $327.2 million and $241.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Sales by product are as follows: In thousands 2011 2010 2009 Specialty Products & Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brake Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Remanufacturing, Overhaul & Build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Transit Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 880,030 497,968 331,787 195,251 62,601 $ 516,595 444,439 272,527 220,152 53,299 $ 359,946 466,391 285,466 247,485 42,328 Total Sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,967,637 $1,507,012 $1,401,616 85 20. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The estimated fair values and related carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows: In thousands 2011 2010 Carry Value Fair Value Carry Value Fair Value Foreign exchange contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest rate swap agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.875% senior notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $ — $ 1,442 150,000 1,442 156,400 192 2,538 150,000 $ 192 2,538 157,500 The fair value of the Company’s foreign exchange contracts and senior notes were based on dealer quotes and represent the estimated amount the Company would pay to the counterparty to terminate the agreements. 21. GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES FINANCIAL INFORMATION Effective August 2003, the Company issued $150 million of Senior Notes due in 2013 (“the Notes”). The obligations under the Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by all U.S. subsidiaries as guarantors. In accordance with positions established by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the following shows separate financial information with respect to the parent, the guarantor subsidiaries and the non-guarantor subsidiaries. The principal elimination entries eliminate investment in subsidiaries and certain intercompany balances and transactions. Balance Sheet for December 31, 2011: In thousands Parent Guarantors Non-Guarantors Elimination Consolidated Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 75,621 186 — 59,990 Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment, net Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment in Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . Other intangibles, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long term assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,797 3,655 7,980 2,675,378 — (9,946) 14,024 196,909 250,280 5,989 467,202 123,182 399,419 183,357 174,351 5,640 $195,970 149,186 97,894 9,733 452,783 95,185 180,132 — 83,004 40,569 — $ 285,615 346,281 — 348,174 — 75,712 — — — — (2,858,735) — — 1,055,782 222,022 587,531 — 257,355 36,263 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,812,864 $ 1,353,151 $851,673 $(2,858,735) $2,158,953 Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercompany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . $ 72,396 1,222,650 395,000 75,174 $ 282,671 (1,303,441) 198 33,790 Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,765,220 1,047,644 (986,782) 2,339,933 $186,318 80,791 607 65,155 332,871 518,802 — $ 541,385 — — 395,805 — 174,119 — — (2,858,735) 1,111,309 1,047,644 Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,812,864 $ 1,353,151 $851,673 $(2,858,735) $2,158,953 86 Balance Sheet for December 31, 2010: In thousands Parent Guarantors Non-Guarantors Elimination Consolidated Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ $ 42,714 371 — 41,600 Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property, plant and equipment, net Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Investment in Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . Other intangibles, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long term assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,685 2,614 7,980 2,380,766 — (5,279) 13,226 149,015 183,607 2,700 348,548 122,467 395,902 161,924 155,475 (1,928) $181,001 108,763 69,884 9,072 368,720 81,144 141,950 — 61,438 39,365 $ — $ 236,941 258,149 — 253,491 — 53,372 — — — — (2,542,690) — — 801,953 206,225 545,832 — 216,913 32,158 Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,470,766 $ 1,182,388 $692,617 $(2,542,690) $1,803,081 Current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intercompany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long-term debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other long term liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . $ 66,722 1,043,791 381,500 75,366 $ 174,188 (1,097,899) 258 33,570 Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,567,379 903,387 (889,883) 2,072,271 $107,464 54,108 249 60,377 222,198 470,419 $ — $ 348,374 — — 382,007 — 169,313 — — (2,542,690) 899,694 903,387 Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,470,766 $ 1,182,388 $692,617 $(2,542,690) $1,803,081 Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2011: In thousands Parent Guarantors Non-Guarantors Elimination (1) Consolidated Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $1,382,319 (890,532) (2,332) $ 726,414 (562,659) $(141,096) 58,310 $ 1,967,637 (1,397,213) Gross profit (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2,332) (81,491) 491,787 (142,766) 163,755 (75,466) (82,786) — 570,424 (299,723) (Expense) income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest (expense) income, net . . . . . . . . . Other (expense) income, net . . . . . . . . . . Equity earnings (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pretax income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income (loss) attributable to (83,823) (22,202) 24,247 299,719 217,941 (47,792) 349,021 4,680 (1,299) 53,247 405,649 (13,153) 88,289 2,515 (23,328) — 67,476 (24,220) (82,786) — — (352,966) (435,752) — 270,701 (15,007) (380) — 255,314 (85,165) Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . $170,149 $ 392,496 $ 43,256 $(435,752) $ 170,149 87 Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2010: In thousands Parent Guarantors Non-Guarantors Elimination (1) Consolidated Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $1,089,937 (725,704) 1,152 $ 497,851 (383,975) $ (80,776) 50,593 $ 1,507,012 (1,057,934) Gross profit (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,152 (46,891) 364,233 (135,745) 113,876 (63,632) (30,183) — 449,078 (246,268) (Expense) income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest (expense) income, net . . . . . . . . . Other (expense) income, net . . . . . . . . . . Equity earnings (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pretax income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income (loss) attributable to (45,739) (22,749) 4,928 215,042 151,482 (28,383) 228,488 5,911 1,139 34,613 270,151 (13,461) 50,244 915 (6,127) — 45,032 (21,884) (30,183) — — (249,655) (279,838) — 202,810 (15,923) (60) — 186,827 (63,728) Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . $123,099 $ 256,690 $ 23,148 $(279,838) $ 123,099 Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2009: In thousands Parent Guarantors Non-Guarantors Elimination (1) Consolidated Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ — $1,055,493 (726,375) 1,662 $ 421,762 (322,833) $ (75,639) 39,256 $ 1,401,616 (1,008,290) Gross profit (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,662 (37,045) 329,118 (118,604) 98,929 (57,645) (36,383) — 393,326 (213,294) (Expense) income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interest (expense) income, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other (expense) income, net Equity earnings (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pretax income (loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income (loss) attributable to (35,383) (23,207) 1,313 185,071 127,794 (12,739) 210,514 5,917 (9,869) 32,362 238,924 (11,880) 41,284 616 8,557 — 50,457 (23,685) (36,383) — — (217,433) (253,816) — 180,032 (16,674) 1 — 163,359 (48,304) Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . $115,055 $ 227,044 $ 26,772 $(253,816) $ 115,055 (1) Includes elimination of gross profit realized with certain intercompany transactions between Guarantor and Non-Guarantor subsidiaries. 88 Condensed Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2011: In thousands Parent Guarantors Non-Guarantors Elimination Consolidated Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . Net cash provided by (used in) financing $ 86,089 (6,125) $ 444,510 (51,156) $153,779 (88,901) $(435,752) $ 248,626 (146,182) — activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (47,057) (392,556) (42,898) 435,752 (46,759) Effect of changes in currency exchange rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Increase in cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash, beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,907 42,714 — 798 13,226 (7,011) 14,969 181,001 — — — (7,011) 48,674 236,941 Cash, end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 75,621 $ 14,024 $195,970 $ — $ 285,615 Condensed Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2010: In thousands Parent Guarantors Non-Guarantors Elimination Consolidated Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . . Net cash provided by (used in) financing $ 5,719 (1,062) $ 381,874 (124,006) $ 68,381 (31,187) $(279,838) $ 176,136 (156,255) — activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,031 (256,766) (23,255) 279,838 25,848 Effect of changes in currency exchange rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — Increase in cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash, beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,688 12,026 — 1,102 12,124 2,553 16,492 164,509 — — — 2,553 48,282 188,659 Cash, end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $42,714 $ 13,226 $181,001 $ — $ 236,941 Condensed Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2009: In thousands Parent Guarantors Non-Guarantors Elimination Consolidated Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . Net cash (used in) provided by financing $(12,484) $ 340,765 (105,839) (1,298) $ 87,835 (8,084) $(253,816) $ 162,300 (115,221) — activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (12,133) (227,074) (27,566) 253,816 (12,957) Effect of changes in currency exchange rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — (Decrease) increase in cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cash, beginning of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (25,915) 37,941 — 7,852 4,272 12,732 64,917 99,592 — — — 12,732 46,854 141,805 Cash, end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 12,026 $ 12,124 $164,509 $ — $ 188,659 89 22. OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) The components of other expense are as follows: In thousands For the year ended December 31, 2011 2010 2009 Foreign currency loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other miscellaneous income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $(2,041) $(978) $(1,262) 1,263 918 1,661 Total other (expense) income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (380) $ (60) $ 1 23. SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED) In thousands, except per share data 2011 Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic earnings from operations per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted earnings from operations per common share . . . . . . . . . . . First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter $455,259 133,195 66,377 40,952 0.85 0.85 $ $ $478,899 142,744 56,362 36,334 0.75 0.75 $ $ $498,840 147,151 75,453 46,600 0.97 0.96 $ $ $534,639 147,334 72,509 46,263 0.96 0.96 $ $ 2010 Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net income attributable to Wabtec shareholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic earnings from operations per common share . . . . . . . . . . . . Diluted earnings from operations per common share . . . . . . . . . . . $363,927 108,389 51,176 30,364 0.64 0.63 $ $ $374,137 113,464 49,652 31,211 0.65 0.65 $ $ $375,707 109,237 50,633 30,544 0.64 0.63 $ $ $393,241 117,988 51,349 30,980 0.64 0.64 $ $ The Company operates on a four-four-five week accounting quarter, and the quarters end on or about March 31, June 30 and September 30. The fiscal year ends on December 31. 90 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION Date: February 24, 2012 By: /S/ ALBERT J. NEUPAVER Albert J. Neupaver, President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature and Title Date By /S/ ALBERT J. NEUPAVER February 24, 2012 Albert J. Neupaver, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) By /S/ ALVARO GARCIA-TUNON February 24, 2012 By By By By By By By Alvaro Garcia-Tunon, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) /S/ PATRICK D. DUGAN Patrick D. Dugan, Senior Vice President, Finance and Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) /S/ WILLIAM E. KASSLING William E. Kassling, Chairman of the Board and Director /S/ ROBERT J. BROOKS Robert J. Brooks, Director /S/ EMILIO A. FERNANDEZ Emilio A. Fernandez, Director /S/ LEE B. FOSTER, II Lee B. Foster, II, Director /S/ BRIAN P. HEHIR Brian P. Hehir, Director /S/ MICHAEL W. D. HOWELL Michael W. D. Howell, Director 91 February 24, 2012 February 24, 2012 February 24, 2012 February 24, 2012 February 24, 2012 February 24, 2012 February 24, 2012 Signature and Title Date By /S/ NICKOLAS W. VANDE STEEG February 24, 2012 Nickolas W. Vande Steeg, Director By /S/ GARY C. VALADE February 24, 2012 Gary C. Valade, Director 92 WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS For each of the three years ended December 31 SCHEDULE II In thousands 2011 Warranty and overhaul reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance-taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merger and restructuring reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2010 Warranty and overhaul reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance-taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merger and restructuring reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2009 Warranty and overhaul reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowance for doubtful accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Valuation allowance-taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Merger and restructuring reserve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Balance at beginning of period Charged/ (credited) to expense Charged to other accounts (1) Deductions from reserves (2) Balance at end of period $35,513 7,503 2,471 1,070 $19,884 5,047 (2,471) 0 $12,070 — — 12 $16,827 — — 122 $50,640 8,406 — 960 $29,207 7,328 2,121 1,336 $22,841 7,540 350 — $ 215 (16) — (36) $16,750 7,349 — 230 $35,513 7,503 2,471 1,070 $30,676 4,968 138 2,152 $20,456 3,432 1,983 — $ (824) 693 — 125 $21,101 1,765 — 941 $29,207 7,328 2,121 1,336 (1) Reserves of acquired/(sold) companies; valuation allowances for state and foreign deferred tax assets; impact of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. (2) Actual disbursements and/or charges 93 EXHIBIT INDEX Filing Method Exhibits 3.1 3.2 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company dated January 30, 1995, as amended December 31, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company, effective February 15, 2011 . . . . . . 4.1(a) Indenture with the Bank of New York as Trustee dated as of August 6, 2003 . . . . . . . . 4.1(b) Resolutions Adopted July 23, 2003 by the Board of Directors establishing the terms of the offering of up to $150,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 6.875% Notes due 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 4.3 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 Purchase Agreement, dated July 23, 2003, by and between the Company and the initial purchasers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exchange and Registration Rights Agreement, dated August 6, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Agreement of Sale and Purchase of the North American Operations of the Railway Products Group, an operating division of American Standard Inc. (now known as Trane), dated as of 1990 between Rail Acquisition Corp. and American Standard Inc. (only provisions on indemnification are reproduced) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letter Agreement (undated) between the Company and American Standard Inc. (now known as Trane) on environmental costs and sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchase Agreement dated as of June 17, 1992 among the Company, Schuller International, Inc., Manville Corporation and European Overseas Corporation (only provisions on indemnification are reproduced) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Westinghouse Air Brake Company 1995 Non-Employee Directors’ Fee and Stock Option Plan, as amended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Letter Agreement dated as of January 1, 1995 between the Company and Vestar Capital Partners, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and Authorized Representatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Employment Agreement with Albert J. Neupaver, dated February 1, 2006 * . . . . . . . . . Restricted Stock Agreement with Albert J. Neupaver, dated February 1, 2006 * . . . . . . Share Purchase Agreement dated as of June 8, 2007 among the Company, RICON Acquisition Corp., RICON Corp., CGW Southeast Partners IV, L.P. and William L. Baldwin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock Purchase Agreement, by and between the Company and Polinvest S.r.l., dated May 16, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stock Purchase Agreement, by and among the Company, Standard Car Truck Company and Robclif, Inc., dated September 12, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refinancing Credit Agreement by and among the Company, the Guarantors, various lenders, PNC Bank, National Association, PNC Capital Markets LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc., RBS Greenwich Capital, JP Morgan Chase Bank, Bank of America, N.A., Citizens Bank of Pennsylvania, the Bank of Nova Scotia and First Commonwealth Bank, dated as of November 4, 2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 12 11 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 5 2 2 5 4 4 6 7 8 9 Exhibits 10.14 21 23.1 31.1 31.2 32.1 Form of Employment Continuation Agreement entered into by the Company with Albert J. Neupaver, Alvaro Garcia-Tunon, Raymond T. Betler, Charles F. Kovac, R. Mark Cox, David L. DeNinno, Patrick D. Dugan, Scott E. Wahlstrom and Timothy R. Wesley* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List of subsidiaries of the Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consent of Ernst & Young LLP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 1350 Certifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.INS** XBRL Instance Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.SCH** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.CAL** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.DEF** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.LAB** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.PRE** XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Filing Method 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Filed herewith. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-90866). Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-110600). Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended March 31, 2006. Filed as an Annex to the Company’s Schedule 14A Proxy Statement (File No. 033-90866) filed on April 13, 2006. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended June 30, 2007. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended June 30, 2008. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended September 30, 2008. Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 8-K (File No. 033-90866) dated November 7, 2011. 10 Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 033-90866) for the period ended June 30, 2009. 11 Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 033-90866), dated February 22, 2011. 12 Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 033-90866), dated February 25, 2011. * Management contract or compensatory plan. ** Users of this data are advised pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T that this interactive data file is deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, is deemed not filed for purposes of section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these sections. 95 BOARD OF DIRECTORS William E. Kassling Chairman Emilio A. Fernandez (1,3) Vice Chairman Albert J. Neupaver President and Chief Executive Officer Wabtec Corporation Robert J. Brooks (1,3) Former Chief Financial Officer Wabtec Corporation Brian P. Hehir (1,2) Former Vice Chairman Investment Banking Merrill Lynch Gary C. Valade (1) Former Executive Vice President DaimlerChrysler Lee B. Foster II (1,2) Chairman L.B. Foster Co. Michael W. D. Howell (2,3) Former Chief Executive Officer Transport Initiatives Edinburgh Limited Nickolas W. Vande Steeg (2,3) Former President Parker Hannifin Corporation (1) Audit Committee (2) Compensation Committee (3) Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT Albert J. Neupaver President and Chief Executive Officer Alvaro Garcia-Tunon Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Raymond T. Betler Chief Operating Officer Charles F. Kovac Senior Vice President, Group Executive R. Mark Cox Senior Vice President, Corporate Development David L. DeNinno Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary Patrick D. Dugan Senior Vice President, Finance and Corporate Controller OPERATING MANAGEMENT Darren J. Beatty Vice President and General Manager, Wabtec Rubber Products Christiaan D. Bezuidenhout Managing Director, Wabtec South Africa David A. Bode Vice President and General Manager, Durox Michael B. Bratcher Vice President Signal and Train Management Systems Michael J. Cassidy Vice President, Sales and Marketing Yao Cui Managing Director, Wabtec China Tapas Das Gupta Managing Director, InTrans Engineering Vittorio De Soccio Managing Director, CoFren Robert F. Dezzi Vice President and General Manager, Wabtec Passenger Transit Robert D. Dimsa Vice President, Locomotive Products Danny Dolzadelli Managing Director, Wabtec Australia Simon Dutton Managing Director, Bearward Engineering Michael E. Fetsko III Vice President and General Manager, Freight Pneumatics Robert R. Gallant Vice President and General Manager, Vapor Bus International Paul Griffin Managing Director, Brush Traction Dirk Herkrath Vice President, Sales and Marketing Keith P. Hildum Vice President and Treasurer Chris Katakouzinos Managing Director, FIP Mickey J. Korzeniowski Vice President and General Manager, Freight Car Products Kash C. Krishnarao Vice President Rail Control Systems Jeffrey S. Langer Vice President, Wabtec Performance System Gregory C. Lewis Vice President and General Manager, Unifin International Robert G. Oehler Managing Director, Wabtec Europe Mark J. Pace Vice President, Sales and Marketing Scott E. Wahlstrom Senior Vice President, Human Resources David J. Meyer Vice President, Group Executive Timothy R. Wesley Vice President, Investor Relations and Corporate Communications Jeffrey W. Stearns Vice President, Sales and Marketing Michael A. Trivisonno Vice President and General Manager, Swiger Coil Systems Mark S. Warner Vice President, MotivePower Chris J. Weatherall Managing Director, Wabtec Rail Warren J. White Regional Managing Director, Australia John D. Whiteford Vice President, Global Sourcing and Bus Components Ronald L. Witt Vice President, International Sales and Marketing Robert C. Bourg Vice President, Group Executive Karl-Heinz Colmer Vice President, Group Executive Giuseppe A. Poli Managing Director, POLI Junyi Qu Managing Director, Huaxia Janice L. Rivera Vice President and General Manager, Ricon Juergen Schroeder Managing Director, Becorit Robert M. Sehnert Vice President and General Manager, Wabtec Global Services David M. Seitz Vice President, Senior Counsel and Assistant Secretary Bruce W. Shute Vice President and General Manager, Railroad Friction Products Corp. Geoff D. Smith Vice President, Radiator and Heat Exchanger THE 2011 GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE PERFORMANCE AWARD WINNERS President’s Cup Gold: Wabtec Railway Electronics/Xorail Silver: Wabtec Australia/Wabtec Railway Electronics Bronze: MotivePower Wabtec Performance System Wabtec Rubber Products Safety Swiger Coil Systems Quality InTrans Engineering Young Touchstone Global and Market Expansion Wabtec Australia/Wabtec Railway Electronics New Products MotivePower Customer Service Wabtec Global Services Aftermarket Unifin Wabtec Rail