Westell Technologies Inc
Annual Report 2011

Plain-text annual report

Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K x Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011 or ¨ Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the transition period from to . Commission file number: 0-27266 WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 36-3154957 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 750 North Commons Drive, Aurora, Illinois 60504 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (630) 898-2500 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value Name of each exchange on which registered: NASDAQ Global Select Market Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 of Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check One): Large Accelerated Filer ¨, Non-Accelerated Filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company), Accelerated Filer x, Smaller Reporting Company ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x The estimated aggregate market value of voting and non-voting Class A Common Stock held by non-affiliates (within the meaning of the term under the applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission) as of September 30, 2010 (based upon an estimate that 67% of the shares are so owned by non-affiliates and upon the average of the high and low prices for the Class A Common Stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on that date) was approximately $88 million. Determination of stock ownership by non-affiliates was made solely for the purpose of responding to this requirement and registrant is not bound by this determination for any other purpose. As of May 13, 2011, 54,801,028 shares of the registrant’s Class A Common Stock were outstanding and 14,555,815 shares of registrant’s Class B Common Stock (which automatically converts on a one-for-one basis into shares of Class A Common Stock upon a transfer of such stock except transfers to certain permitted transferees) were outstanding. Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for the 2011 Annual Stockholders’ Meeting are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 2011 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K CONTENTS Table of Contents Item PART I Business 1. 1A. Risk Factors 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 2. 3. 4. Properties Legal Proceedings (Removed and Reserved) PART II Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Selected Financial Data Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 5. 6. 7. 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 8. 9. 9A. Controls and Procedures 9B. Other Information Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure PART III 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 11. Executive Compensation 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services PART IV 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedule Signatures Page 1 10 15 15 15 15 16 18 19 29 29 29 30 30 31 31 31 31 31 32 35 Table of Contents CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION Certain statements contained herein that are not historical facts or that contain the words “believe”, “expect”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “may”, “will”, “plan”, “should”, or derivatives thereof and other words of similar meaning are forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include, but are not limited to, product demand and market acceptance risks, need for financing, economic weakness in the United States (“U.S.”) economy and telecommunications market, the impact of competitive products or technologies, competitive pricing pressures, customer product selection decisions, product cost increases, component supply shortages, new product development, excess and obsolete inventory, commercialization and technological delays or difficulties (including delays or difficulties in developing, producing, testing and selling new products and technologies), the effect of Westell’s accounting policies, the need for additional capital, the effect of economic conditions and trade, legal, social and economic risks (such as import, licensing and trade restrictions), retention of key personnel and other risks more fully described in this Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, under Item 1A - Risk Factors. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update these forward-looking statements to reflect current events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or otherwise. Trademarks The following terms used in this filing are our trademarks: WESTELL BOXER , CellPak , CPI Conference Plus, Inc. and Design , ® ConferencePlus , Homecloud™, OS Plant Systems , WESTELL SHADE , VirtualEdge and Design and Westell . All other trademarks appearing in this filing are the property of their holders. ® ® ® ® ® ® ® PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS Westell Technologies, Inc., (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware in 1980 and is headquartered at 750 North Commons Drive, Aurora, Illinois 60504. The Company is comprised of three operating segments: Customer Networking Solutions (“CNS”) equipment, Outside Plant Systems (“OSPlant Systems” or “OSP”) equipment and ConferencePlus services segment. Segment financial information for fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009 is set forth in the footnotes to the March 31, 2011 consolidated financial statements. CNS Segment On March 17, 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell certain assets and transfer certain liabilities of the CNS segment to NETGEAR, Inc. (“NETGEAR”) for $33.5 million in cash, subject to certain post-closing adjustments. This transaction closed on April 15, 2011. The Company retained a certain major CNS customer relationship and contract, and also retained the Homecloud product development program. Since the sale closed subsequent to our fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, the discussion of CNS in this section includes the entire year results of CNS, unless the context indicates otherwise. In the CNS segment, the Company designs, distributes, markets and services a broad range of carrier-class broadband products. The CNS family of broadband products enables high-speed transport and networking of voice, data, video, and other advanced services. The products allow service providers to deliver services, content, and applications over existing copper, fiber, coax, and wireless infrastructures. Westell CNS products are typically installed in consumer residences or small businesses as a key component of a broadband service package. CNS Products. The Company’s CNS products enable residential customers, small businesses, and small office/home office (“SOHO”) users to access and share broadband services on networked computers, telephones, cell phones, televisions, media players, and other networked devices. A broad offering of networking products and technologies allows the Company to address several segments of the service provider market, distinguished by the methods used to deliver their services: wireline operators (copper and fiber), cable multi-service operators (hybrid fiber-coax), and integrated carriers that operate as combinations of the other three operators. - 1 - Table of Contents The following table sets forth a list of the Company’s principal CNS products and their applications: Product LiteLine ADSL2+ Modem ProLine ADSL2+ manageable Modem/NAT Router VersaLink Gateway UltraLine Series3 Wireless Broadband Home Router OSP Segment Description Applications Customer premises equipment that is connected to a telephone line that has been configured to provide Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL and ADSL2+) service from the telephone company. The LiteLine is a plug-and-play device that connects to the end customer through a single Ethernet or USB port. Enables residential and SOHO customers of ADSL service to connect one or more PCs and other computer networking equipment to the ADSL service for high speed Internet access with routing and security protection all in one box. Similar in all ways to the LiteLine, the ProLine provides the added benefit of allowing remote diagnostics, maintenance, software upgrades and other remotely managed services. In addition to providing the same applications as the LiteLine, the ProLine offers service providers the ability to provide customers a higher level of service and performance. A compact, versatile gateway device that combines an ADSL2+ modem along with wired Ethernet and WiFi networking features. Versions are also available without the ADSL2+ modem, for wireless and other service providers. Ultra high-speed gateways that deliver secure, high- quality, data, voice, IP video services, and advanced services and applications over a variety of network access methods and home networking technologies, including fiber optic, copper, coax, WiFi and Ethernet. Enables residential, SOHO, and small businesses to network their broadband service to multiple PCs and other networked devices with wired and wireless access. UltraLine supports a wide variety of wired and wireless broadband applications, particularly high-speed IP data video services delivered over fiber optic networks. In the OSP segment, the Company designs, distributes, markets and services a broad range of carrier-class digital transmission, remote monitoring, power distribution, next-generation outdoor equipment cabinets and service provider demarcation products. The Company’s OSP products offer next-generation outdoor cabinets, enclosures, power distribution panels, flexible edge connectors (with respect to fiber, Ethernet and coax), remote monitoring solutions, DS1 and DS3 transmission plugs, and carrier grade Ethernet solutions. These solutions are optimized for wireline backhaul of cellular traffic, service delivery to business enterprise and smart grid applications. The Company’s OSP segment also provides a value-added Customized Systems Integration (“CSI”) service, offering customers a single source for complete turnkey solutions, reducing the time-to-market and expenses incurred through third-party contractors and eliminating the need to design, assemble and test on the job site. Target OSP customers include wireline service providers, wireless service providers, multiple systems operators (“MSOs”), integrated carriers, utility providers and original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) worldwide (all known as “service providers”). The power distribution and remote monitoring products are designed and provided through the Company’s Noran Tel subsidiary located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. OSP Products. The Company’s OSP products provide service providers with products to transport, maintain and improve the reliability of services delivered over copper and fiber lines in the local access network. - 2 - Table of Contents The following table sets forth a list of the Company’s principal OSP products and their applications: Product T1 NIU-PM Description T1 Network Interface Unit with Performance Monitoring (TI NIU-PM) that stores circuit performance and maintenance information for a single T1 circuit. Applications Provides a point of demarcation between the telephone company equipment and customer’s equipment on T1 circuits. The T1 NIU-PM units provide enhanced maintenance and remote performance monitoring of T1 circuits. This functionality provides troubleshooting capability that helps the service provider to reduce maintenance costs and customer down-time, thereby improving their customer satisfaction. NIU Mountings DS3 NIU-PM VirtualEdge NIU Mountings are electronic enclosures with connectorized backplanes that house T1 NIU-PM units, and HDSL Remote Terminal cards, including those from other manufacturers such as ADTRAN, Inc. Deployed by service providers to terminate their T1 circuits as a point of demarcation at business enterprise customers and at cell sites for cellular backhaul applications. DS3 Network Interface Units with Performance Monitoring (DS3 NIU-PM) including a family of mountings. A flexible portfolio of standard 19” or 23” relay rack mount panels and wall mount enclosures designed with a “mix and match” architecture for Ethernet, fiber or coax cable. These products facilitate easy and simple splicing of optical fiber cables, and/or termination of copper-based Ethernet, and coax handoffs. Facilitates the maintenance, monitoring, extension, and demarcation of DS3 facilities. Deployed in central offices for a DS3 hand-off to alternate carriers, and also in customer premises locations. Provides a physical demarcation for Ethernet, DS1, DS3, optical fiber and coax based services at the customer premises. CellPak Outdoor passively cooled equipment enclosures. Power Distribution Products Fuse panels and battery distribution. Secondary DC power distribution products ranging from fuse and breaker panels to alarm panels. Provides a sealed “passively” cooled equipment enclosure ideally suited for cellular farm backhaul demarcation hand-offs from a wireline carrier to wireless carriers. Standard 19” or 23” rack mounting for service providers central offices, remote terminals and enclosures to provide secondary DC power distribution to operate equipment. Safely protects operating equipment in the event of fault current. - 3 - Table of Contents (Continued from prior page) Product SiteVu Family of Remote Monitoring Systems Customized Systems Integration service SmartCom Description A powerful compact and flexible monitoring family of products that provides visibility to remote site environmentals, batteries, and equipment status issues. Solutions are optimized to monitor batteries and temperature remotely with SiteVu from a user’s desk top or network operations center. A one-stop shop for complete turnkey solutions reducing time-to-market and expenses through third- party contractors and eliminating the need to design, assemble and test on the job site. Applications Applications include service provider’s central offices, remote terminals, and enclosures to provide environmental information such as temperature, air flow, humidity and smoke, battery condition, and equipment operating status. CSI service is ideal for customers needing complete integrated solutions for backhaul, smart grid and other custom applications. Highly reliable and robust integrated NEMA 4R outdoor cabinet that secures and provides intelligent back-up power for Utility Smart Grid radio systems. Powers backhaul point-to-point and point to multipoint radios. Smart grid application that enables utilities to remotely monitor power grid demands and to remotely control line capacitance for efficient power distribution without expensive and timely dispatches. BOXER family of outdoor equipment cabinets A NEMA 3R & 4R compliant extremely universal equipment cabinet with multiple cooling options, independent customer’s access and rear access panels. Ideal for broadband and cellular backhaul applications, lower cost fan cooling option or sealed heat exchanger option when needed. CNS and OSP Segment Research and Development Capabilities and Engineering Base The Company believes that its future success depends, in part, on its ability to maintain its technological leadership through enhancements of its existing products and development of new products that meet customer needs. Thus, the Company expects to continue to devote substantial resources to product development. In fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, the CNS segment incurred approximately $7.9 million, $9.0 million and $15.0 million and the OSP segment incurred approximately $3.8 million, $2.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively, of expense for research and development (“R&D”) activities. The Company’s R&D personnel are organized into product development teams. Each product development team is generally responsible for sustaining technical support of existing products plus conceiving new products in cooperation with other groups within the Company and adapting standard products or technologies to meet new customer needs. Additionally, in an effort to remain a highly valued, superior quality, long-term supplier, each product development team is charged with reducing product costs for each succeeding generation of products without compromising functionality or serviceability. The product development teams leverage the Company’s relationships with its manufacturing partners and suppliers to achieve these cost reduction objectives. As an adjunct to these internal efforts, the Company uses the talents of one outsourcing firm in India for software development and system testing in the CNS segment. The Company believes that the key to its R&D strategy is choosing an initial architecture for each product that balances innovation and time-to-market factors while enabling engineering innovations to result in future performance enhancements and cost reductions. The Company’s strategy is further enhanced by ensuring products are designed in conjunction with input from customers, procurement, and outsource manufacturing partners. The Company believes it has a quality record that is grounded in a solid interface and transference of knowledge among design and manufacturing teams. - 4 - Table of Contents The Company’s quality systems, including product development processes, are registered to ISO9001:2008 International Quality System Standard and TL9000, which is the Telecommunication Industry’s sector-specific version of the ISO9001:2008. The Company believes product quality and reliability is a critical and distinguishing factor in a customer’s selection process. Prior to the time of the sale of the majority of the CNS business, the Company continued to expand the software content of its CNS products. The majority of the CNS design engineers, including those at the contracted outsourcing firms, are software engineers. Greater software content in the CNS products not only is necessary to deliver the more sophisticated applications, but is also a key element of differentiated, value-added products and solutions. In some cases, the Company sources software technology from outside suppliers through licensing agreements which typically, though not always, give the Company the ability to modify the licensed software to meet the needs of the Company’s customers. Some software technology is obtained from the open source community. The Company also develops its own proprietary software where needed to provide the desired functionality. Software from all of these sources is typically integrated into the final product releases, and tested by the Company’s system test engineers, by outside test labs, by industry certification groups, and by the Company’s customers before going into volume production and deployment. The Company expenses software development costs until its products reach technological feasibility as defined by the software accounting rules. Technological feasibility is established when the product has passed customer lab evaluation, which is just prior to deployment, therefore no software development costs are capitalized. The following products are the primary products currently under development: Product Homecloud (CNS Segment) Description Ultra high-speed applications-capable gateways and other applications-capable devices for the home network, plus associated software for home networking devices, plus Web-based services, to enable the delivery of new services into the home networking environment. eSmartAccess Ethernet Series (OSP Segment) Ethernet connectivity products that are rugged, temperature hardened and optimized for harsh environments for utility companies and service providers for cellular backhaul. Applications Provides a new suite of services, beyond voice + video + data, into the home, for a variety of applications, including enhanced security; media and information management, sharing and delivery; home control; and network management. Ideal for utility smart grid and for service provider cellular backhaul. The Company’s products are subject to industry-wide standardization organizations which include Telcordia, the Internet Engineering Task Force, the MoCA Alliance, the Broadband Forum, CableLabs, the American National Standards Institute (“ANSI”) in the U.S. and the International Telecommunications Union (“ITU”). CNS and OSP Segment Customers The CNS and OSP segments’ principal customers historically have been major U. S. telecommunications service providers (“telephone companies”). In addition, the Company sells products to several other entities, including, independent domestic local exchange carriers, competitive local exchange carriers, inter-exchange carriers, wireless service providers, internet service providers, MSOs, integrators and distributors. CNS and OSP Marketing, Sales and Distribution The Company sells its products in the U.S. through its domestic field sales organization and selected distributors. The Company markets its products to service providers within the U.S. and Canada. Major service providers require vendor product approval before use in their networks. Evaluation can take as little as a few months for products that vary slightly from existing products and often longer for products based on new technologies and/or new service offerings. Accordingly, the Company is continually submitting successive generations of its current products, as well as new products, to its customers for approval. - 5 - Table of Contents The Company maintains telephone support and provides on-site support . The Company also provides technical consulting, research assistance and training to some of its customers with respect to the installation, operation and maintenance of its products. The CNS and OSP contracts with its major customers are primarily pricing and product specification agreements that detail the commercial terms and conditions for sales. These agreements are requirements-based and typically do not obligate the customer to a specific volume of purchases over time. The agreements may require the Company to accept returns of products within certain time limits, or indemnify such customers against certain liabilities arising out of the use of the Company’s products. If these claims or returns are significant, there could be a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and results of operations. Most of the Company’s products carry a limited warranty ranging from one to three years for CNS products and up to seven years for OSP products, which generally covers defects in materials or workmanship and failure to meet published specifications, but excludes damages caused by improper use. In the event there are material deficiencies or defects in the design or manufacture of the Company’s products, the affected products could be subject to recall. Manufacturing The Company outsources its manufacturing to two primary offshore suppliers. Reliance on third-party offshore subcontractors involves several risks. Standard commercial components available from multiple suppliers are procured by the offshore suppliers. In some cases, there are also single-sourced components and technology needed to produce products. The Company has direct relationships and purchase contracts with suppliers for these items and may maintain inventory for these items at the subcontractors’ locations. Critical components, technology shortages or business interruption at our contract manufacturers could cause production delays that may result in expediting costs or lost business. A substantial portion of the Company’s shipments in any fiscal period can relate to orders for products received in that period . Further, a significant percentage of orders in the OSP segment may require delivery within 48 hours. To meet this demand, the Company maintains inventory at its facilities and outsource suppliers. In addition, the OSP segment maintains some inventory at customers’ sites. Because of the rapid technological changes to our products, the Company faces a recurring risk that the inventory it holds may become obsolete. CNS and OSP Competition The markets for the Company’s products are intensely competitive and the Company has no reason to believe that this competitive environment will ease in the future, especially in the rapidly changing markets for broadband products. The Company’s primary competitors vary by market. The Company’s principal competitors with respect to its OSP products include Charles Industries, Ciena, Emerson, Purcell, Ruggedcom, TE Connectivity and Telect. The Company’s principal competitors with respect to its CNS broadband products are primarily Sagem, Motorola, Pace (2Wire Inc.), Cisco Systems Inc. (Linksys), D-Link Systems Inc., Actiontec Electronics Inc., Technicolor and ZyXEL Communications Co. Prior to the sale of CNS assets and transfer of liabilities to NETGEAR in April 2011, the Company believed that it was one of the leading sellers of broadband customer premises equipment (“CPE”) products for telecommunication service providers in North America. However, many of the Company’s competitors are significantly larger, with broader product lines, and have more financial resources than the Company. To compete against these competitors, the Company focuses on quality, time-to-market, and the ability to react quickly to market changes, leveraging its U.S. based product management and product development teams. The Company expects that ongoing competitive pressure from Asian-based manufacturers will continue to exert downward pressure on pricing in the CNS segment. Since the Company currently derives the majority of its total revenues from the sale of products to telephone companies, the Company faces indirect competition from alternative products optimized for other broadband networks. Telephone companies face competition from MSOs, new local access providers and broadband wireless service providers that are capable of providing high speed digital transmission to end users. OSP sells demarcation solutions including cabinets, enclosures, T1 network interface units without performance monitoring and T1 network protection devices to the cellular backhaul market. The Company believes that as the market transitions from T1 to Ethernet and as more alternative cellular backhaul solutions are deployed like DSL, HDSL, Ethernet, fiber and microwave the demand for the Company’s traditional OSP transmission T1 type products will decline. (Also, see Risk Factors in Item 1A of this report.) - 6 - Table of Contents Backlog Product shipments are generally made pursuant to standard purchase orders, which are officially acknowledged according to standard terms and conditions. CNS segment purchase orders with scheduled shipment dates within 60 days are generally firm and non-cancellable. The majority of purchase orders with shipment dates in excess of 60-90 days allow for partial or full cancellation. Shipment dates on non- cancellable purchase orders may be adjusted by some customers on request. The CNS backlog as of May 13, 2011 disclosed below, however, is non-cancellable. OSP segment purchase orders are generally received less than a month prior to shipment. As of May 13, 2011, the CNS and OSP segments had $18.5 million and $2.5 million of backlog, respectively. As of May 13, 2010, the CNS and OSP segments had $8.7 million and $4.0 million of backlog, respectively. ConferencePlus Segment Conference Plus, Inc. (“ConferencePlus” or “CP”), founded in 1988, is a full-service audio, web and video conferencing company that manages and hosts specific software and applications supporting its conferencing and meeting services. ConferencePlus is a 100% owned subsidiary of the Company and manages its conferencing and meeting services through its main operations center in Schaumburg, Illinois, and a facility in Dublin, Ireland. ConferencePlus allows multiple individuals, organizations and/or businesses to conduct conference calls using a combination of audio, web and video collaboration and presentations. ConferencePlus offers conference call services that can include a blend of audio, graphics, spreadsheets and other documents that can be carried over and archived on the Internet to enhance the traditional audio conference call. By enabling the sharing of this blend of information, ConferencePlus can help organizations increase productivity and save money by reducing travel time and costs, and making it easier for people in remote locations to work together. Conferencing and meeting service technologies also allow organizations and individuals to collect and disseminate information faster, more accurately and without the associated costs of face-to-face meetings. These technologies also help companies communicate and collaborate effectively in the face of health and safety threats and other impediments to travel and formal gatherings. ConferencePlus Customers - Diverse Distribution Channels ConferencePlus has historically acted as a provider of conferencing and meeting services on a wholesale basis, managing and hosting applications for major carriers and telecommunications resellers. About 20% of ConferencePlus’ revenues come from indirect commercial conferencing services to customers who market or use ConferencePlus services under their own brand names. Such companies choose to outsource and private label audio, web and video conferencing services to maintain continuity, save costs and focus on their core competencies. By selling to indirect or resale customers, ConferencePlus effectively increases the size of its sales organization without incurring the expense necessary with a direct sales force. ConferencePlus Sales ConferencePlus also sells its services directly to companies through its national accounts sales force and a telesales team. This area continues to be a strong part of ConferencePlus’ business and the Company expects to continue to invest resources in this area in order to maintain a diverse mix of revenue sources. The deployment of this strategy is designed to improve the recognition of the ConferencePlus brand, which has strategic long term benefits to the Company. ConferencePlus Research and Development - State-of-the-Art Network and Integrated Systems The ConferencePlus segment incurred approximately $2.5 million, $2.2 million and $2.2 million, respectively, of research and development expense activities in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. A critical part of ConferencePlus’ approach is its state-of-the-art network and integrated systems. ConferencePlus has a state-of-the-art network infrastructure that enables it to take advantage of the relationships it has with major telecommunications providers to provide quality service. ConferencePlus has deployed equipment in carrier Points-of-Presence to take advantage of the higher capacity and the lower cost structure available with such deployments. - 7 - Table of Contents The Company has also deployed equipment into customer datacenters to leverage existing investments in next-generation VoIP corporate networks. These deployments provide all of the advantages ConferencePlus provides through traditional service provider solutions while allowing these Customers to benefit from the elimination of variable telecommunication costs. ConferencePlus has built an integrated reservation, scheduling and billing system called Conference Reservation and Billing System (“CRBS”) that is a significant differentiator in the conferencing market. CRBS allows ConferencePlus to leverage its operations on a global basis. This reliable and scalable system is seamlessly integrated into the operational environment from the point of reservation through the billing process. This integration allows ConferencePlus to enjoy scale advantages and to be able to provide transparent branded services to its customers. This system is built and maintained by an in-house team of engineers, developers and technicians who continually work to improve and enhance the system based on industry trends, customer requests and strategic direction. ConferencePlus has extended certain capabilities of CRBS to a publicly available web portal where customers can sign up for service, manage their accounts and control their conferences. ConferencePlus has also tightly integrated with third-party suppliers of web conferencing services to enhance its audio services. In addition to making these services available to customers, ConferencePlus has the ability to privately brand the entire web experience to match any other brand visualization that may be required. This capability is beneficial for both indirect customers where this helps support the indirect brand as well as for customers where branding can help drive corporate adoption. ConferencePlus International Reach As customers globalize their telecommunications services, ConferencePlus has expanded its operational presence internationally to meet these needs. In addition to its main operational centers in Schaumburg, Illinois and Dublin, Ireland, ConferencePlus has conferencing bridges located in Chicago, Illinois; Oakbrook, Illinois; New York, New York; Dallas, Texas; London, England; Stockholm, Sweden and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The international market for conferencing is expected to grow as a result of deregulation and improved networks with associated reductions in end user costs. ConferencePlus Customers ConferencePlus’ indirect or private label customers and many of its other customers are significantly larger than, and are thus able to exert a high degree of influence over, ConferencePlus. ConferencePlus depends on large customers to provide a significant percent of its revenues. Although the Company has focused on broadening its customer base, a loss of one of these large customers could have a material adverse effect on ConferencePlus’ business. Prior to selling its services, ConferencePlus may be required to undergo lengthy approval and purchase processes. Evaluation can take a few months for services that vary slightly from existing services used by the prospective customer to a year or more for services based on cutting edge technologies or which represent a new strategic direction for the customer, as is the case with private labeling conference services for a large reseller. ConferencePlus Competition Competition in the conferencing business is intense and ConferencePlus expects that competition will increase due to low barriers to entry and recent entrants into the audio, web and video conferencing service market. Many of ConferencePlus’ competitors, including InterCall, AT&T, Verizon, Premiere and British Telecom, have greater name recognition, more extensive customer service and marketing capabilities and substantially greater financial, technological and personnel resources than ConferencePlus. There can be no assurance that ConferencePlus will be able to successfully compete in this market in the future or that competitive pressures will not result in price reductions that would materially adversely affect its business and results of operations. - 8 - Table of Contents Consolidated International Revenue Revenues from international customers represented approximately $9.8 million, $11.1 million and $9.1 million of the Company’s revenues in fiscal years 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, which represents approximately 5.1%, 6.1% and 4.9% of the Company’s total revenues in such years. Major Customers The Company depends, and may continue to depend, on the telephone companies and other independent local exchange carriers for the majority of its revenues. Sales to the Company’s largest customer, Verizon, accounted for 30.6% of the Company’s total revenues in fiscal year 2011. Proprietary Rights and Intellectual Property The Company’s success and future revenue growth will depend, in part, on its ability to protect trade secrets, obtain or license patents and operate without infringing on the rights of others. The Company relies on a combination of technical leadership, copyrights, patents, trademarks, trade secrets and other intellectual property laws, nondisclosure agreements and other protective measures to protect its unpatented proprietary know-how. The Company regards some of its technology as proprietary. The expiration of any of the patents held by the Company would not have a material impact on the Company. The Company expects to seek additional patents from time to time related to its research and development activities. Employees As of May 13, 2011, the Company had 365 full-time employees. The following table reflects headcount by segment and functional area: Operations Sales and marketing Research and development General and administrative Total employees Available Information CNS OSP CP Corporate Total 149 97 92 53 63 20 61 35 365 205 — — — 21 21 43 29 29 3 104 9 10 14 2 35 The SEC maintains an internet site, www.sec.gov, through which you may access the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy and other information statements, as well as amendments to these reports. In addition, the Company makes these reports available free of charge on the Company’s internet website, www.westell.com. The Company maintains a corporate governance page on the Company’s website. This website includes, among other items, the Code of Business Conduct, the Audit Committee Charter, and the Compensation and Corporate Governance Committee Charter. The corporate governance information can be found at www.westell.com under Investor Relations. - 9 - Table of Contents ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS You should carefully consider the risks described below in addition to the other information contained and incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K. If any of the following risks occurs, our business, operating results or financial condition would likely suffer, and the market price for our securities could decline. Risks Related to Our Business General economic conditions may affect our results. The global economy has been undergoing a period of unprecedented volatility, which has affected the demand for our equipment and services. A prolonged period of economic decline could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. The Company may experience a decrease in purchases or usage of our products and services if increased unemployment leads to lower utilization of telecommunications and conferencing services. Customers may stop or decrease purchasing due to efforts to reduce inventory and conserve cash. The Company may also experience business disruptions due to an inability to obtain equipment, parts and supplies from suppliers if fragile supply businesses fail. We depend on a limited number of customers who are able to exert a high degree of influence over us and loss of a major customer could adversely impact our business. We have and may continue to depend on U.S. telephone companies for the majority of our revenues in our CNS and OSP equipment segments. The telephone companies and our other customers are significantly larger than we are and are able to exert a high degree of influence over us. These customers may often be permitted to reschedule orders without penalty. Even if demand for our products is high, the telephone companies have sufficient bargaining power to demand low prices and other terms and conditions that may materially adversely affect our business and operating results. ConferencePlus’ customer base is relatively concentrated; its top twenty-five customers represent a large portion of total revenue and income. ConferencePlus’ customers continually undergo review and evaluation of their conferencing and meeting services to evaluate the merits of alternative outsourcing or of bringing those services in-house rather than outsourcing them. There can be no assurance in the future that ConferencePlus’ customers will not develop their own internal conferencing and meeting services. ConferencePlus must continually provide higher quality, lower cost services to maintain and grow its customer base. A loss of a major account could have a material adverse effect on ConferencePlus. Overall sales and product mix sold to our large customers have fluctuated in the past and could vary in the future resulting in significant fluctuations in quarterly operating results which may adversely impact our stock price. We have long-term customer pricing contracts with a limited amount of coverage by way of long-term contracts or arrangements with suppliers, which could adversely affect our ability, with certainty or economically, to purchase components and technologies used in our products. Although we have long-term customer pricing contracts, we have few long-term contracts or arrangements with our suppliers. We may not be able to obtain components at competitive prices, in sufficient quantities or under other commercially reasonable terms. If we enter into a high-volume or long-term supply arrangement and subsequently decide that we cannot use the products or services provided for in the supply arrangement then our business would also be harmed. We enter into short-term contracts with our suppliers in the form of purchase orders. Purchase orders are often non-cancellable within contractual time periods. These purchase orders are issued to vendors based on forecasted customer demand. If the forecasted demand is materially incorrect, we may find that we cannot use the products ordered, and then our business would also be harmed. Our lack of backlog may affect our ability to adjust for unexpected changes in customer demand. OSP customers often place orders for product within the month of their requested delivery date. We therefore do not have a material backlog (or known quantity) of unfilled orders, and our revenues in any quarter are substantially dependent on orders booked or orders becoming non-cancellable in that quarter. Our expense levels and inventory - 10 - Table of Contents commitments are based on anticipated customer demand and are relatively fixed in the short term. Therefore, we may be unable to cancel purchase orders with our suppliers or adjust spending in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected shortfall of orders. Accordingly, any significant shortfall of demand in relation to our expectations or any material delay of customer orders would have an immediate adverse impact on our business and operating results. Conversely, if we order too little product to meet customer demand, we may have insufficient inventory which could result in unplanned expediting costs or lost revenue opportunities, either of which could have an adverse impact on our financial results. We may experience delays in the development and deployment of new products. Many of our past sales have resulted from our ability to anticipate changes in technology, industry standards and service provider service offerings, and to develop and introduce new and enhanced products and services. Our continued ability to adapt to such changes will be a significant factor in maintaining or improving our competitive position and our prospects for growth. There can be no assurance that we will successfully introduce new products on a timely basis or achieve sales of new products in the future. In addition, there can be no assurance that we will have the financial and product design resources necessary to continue to successfully develop new products or to otherwise successfully respond to changing technology standards and service provider service offerings. If we fail to deploy new products on a timely basis, then our product sales will decrease and our competitive position and financial condition would be materially and adversely affected. Our customers have lengthy purchase cycles that affect our ability to sell our products. Prior to selling products to service providers, we must undergo lengthy approval and purchase processes. Evaluation can take as little as a few months for products that vary slightly from existing products or up to a year or more for products based on new technologies or utilized for new service offerings. Accordingly, we are continually submitting successive generations of our current products as well as new products to our customers for approval. The requirement that service providers obtain FCC or state regulatory approval for most new telecommunications and broadband services prior to their implementation has in the past delayed the approval process. Such delays in the future could have a material adverse affect on our business and operating results. While we have been successful in the past in obtaining product approvals from our customers, there is no guarantee that such approvals or that ensuing sales of such products will continue to occur. We are dependent on our independent offshore outsource manufacturing partners to manufacture, assemble and test our products. If these companies do not meet their commitments to us, it could adversely impact our ability to meet the delivery requirements of our customers, which could result in lost business. We are dependent on offshore suppliers in Asia. Although there is no unique capability with these suppliers, any failure or business disruption by these suppliers to meet delivery commitments would cause us to delay shipments and potentially lose revenue. We rely on subcontractors in Asia for assembly and testing of and to purchase raw materials used in such assemblies. The reliance on third- party subcontractors for assembly of our products involves several risks, including the unavailability of, or interruptions in access to, certain process technologies and reduced control over product quality, delivery schedules, transportation, manufacturing yields, and costs. These risks may be exacerbated by economic or political uncertainties, terrorist actions, or by natural pandemics or other disasters in countries in which our subcontractors or their subcontractors are located. Contracts with our outsource manufacturing partners are expressed in U.S. dollars, but volatility in foreign currency rates could increase our costs. ConferencePlus maintains call centers and bridging equipment in the United States, Ireland, England, Sweden and Malaysia. If any of the call centers or bridging equipment were unavailable due to natural or other disaster, then our business could be harmed. - 11 - Table of Contents Because ConferencePlus conducts a substantial amount of business via the internet, its systems can be the target of cyber-attacks or hacking for the purpose of gaining access to information or fraudulently using the services. Such attacks, if not properly detected and defended against, can result in business interruption and other harm to the business. Due to the rapid pace of technological change and volatile customer demand, our products may become obsolete and could cause us to incur charges for excess and obsolete inventory which would materially harm our business. The telecommunications industry is subject to rapid technological change and volatile customer demands, which could result in inventory obsolescence or excess inventory. As a result, we have in the past and may in the future devote disproportionate resources to a product that we ultimately may not sell or have to sell for a loss. If we incur substantial inventory impairments that we are not able to recover because of changing market conditions, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our products and services face intense competition. Our failure to compete successfully could materially affect our profitability. Because we are significantly smaller than many of our competitors, we may lack the financial, marketing, technical and other resources needed to increase our market share. Many of our competitors are much larger than we are and may be able to offer a wider array of products and services required for a service provider’s business than we do. Competitors may succeed in establishing technologically advanced products and services with more favorable pricing or may otherwise gain an advantage over our products which would result in lost business that would adversely impact our profitability. Because of intense competition, we may price our products and services at low margins in order to win or maintain business. Low margins from our sales of products and services could materially and adversely affect our profitability and ability to implement our business goals. We are dependent on third-party technology, the loss of which would harm our business. We rely on third parties for technology in our products and to deliver our services. Consequently, the Company must rely upon third parties to develop and to introduce technologies which enhance the Company’s current products and services and enable the Company, in turn, to develop its own products and provide services on a timely and cost-effective basis to meet changing customer needs and technological trends in the telecommunications industry. Were the Company to lose the ability to obtain needed technology from a supplier, or were that technology no longer available to the Company under reasonable terms and conditions, the Company’s business and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected. Potential product recalls, service failures and warranty expenses could adversely affect our profitability. Our products and services are required to meet rigorous standards imposed by our customers, and we warrant the performance of these products and services. In addition, our supply contracts with our major customers typically require us to accept returns of products within certain time frames and indemnify such customers against certain liabilities arising out of the use of our products or services. Complex products such as those offered by us may contain undetected defects or failures when first introduced or as new versions are released. Despite our testing of products and our comprehensive quality control program, there is no guarantee that our products will not suffer from defects or other deficiencies. If product defects, recalls, warranty returns, service failures, indemnification or liquidated-damage claims exceed our anticipated costs for these items, our business could be harmed. Such claims and the associated negative publicity could result in the loss of or delay in market acceptance of our products and services, and could affect our product and service sales, our customer relationships, and our profitability. - 12 - Table of Contents We are dependent on sole or limited source suppliers, the loss of which would harm our business. Components used in our products may be currently available from only one source or a limited number of suppliers. Our inabilities to obtain sufficient key components or to develop alternative sources for key components as required, could result in delays or reductions in product deliveries, and consequently severely harm our customer relationships and our business. Furthermore, additional sole-source components may be incorporated into our future products, thereby increasing our supplier risks. If any of our sole-source suppliers delay or halt production of any of their components, or fail to supply their components on commercially reasonable terms, then our business and operating results would be harmed. In the event that these suppliers discontinue the manufacture of materials used in our products, we would be forced to incur the time and expense of finding a new supplier if available or to modify our products in such a way that such materials were not necessary, which could result in increased manufacturing costs. We may be subject to litigation that could be costly to defend and could impact our profitability. Our products and services use third party and open source intellectual property. The telecommunications industry is characterized by the existence of an increasing number of patents and frequent litigation based on allegations of patent and other intellectual property infringement. From time to time we receive communications from third parties alleging infringement of exclusive patent, copyright and other intellectual property rights to technologies that are important to us. Such litigation, regardless of its outcome, could result in substantial costs and thus adversely impact our profitability. We could face securities litigation in the future that could result in the payment of substantial damages or settlement costs in excess of our insurance coverage. Any adverse outcome could harm our business. Even if we were to prevail in any such litigation, we could incur substantial legal costs and management’s attention and resources could be diverted from our business which could cause our business to suffer. We will not be able to successfully compete, develop and sell products and services if we fail to retain key personnel and hire additional key personnel. Because of our need to continually compete for customer business, our success is dependent on our ability to attract and retain qualified technical, marketing, sales and management personnel. To remain competitive, we must maintain top management talent, employees who are involved in product development and testing and employees who have developed strong customer relationships. Because of the high demand for these types of employees, it may be difficult to retain existing key employees and attract new key employees. In addition, we do not have non-compete contracts with most of our employees. Our inability to attract and retain additional key employees could harm our ability to successfully sell existing products and services, develop new products and services, and implement our business goals. Industry consolidation and divestiture and could make competing more difficult. Consolidation of companies offering competing products and services is occurring through acquisitions, joint ventures and licensing arrangements involving our competitors, our customers and our customers’ competitors. Our customers have been divesting certain territories to other telecommunication service providers. The acquiring companies often use competitor products in their legacy business. We are often required to formally bid to retain existing business or obtain new business in the acquirer’s territory. We cannot provide any assurances that we will be able to compete successfully in an increasingly consolidated telecommunications industry or retain or win business when existing customers divest portions of their business to others. Any heightened competitive pressures that we may face may have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and result of operations. - 13 - Table of Contents We may engage in future acquisitions or fund raising activity that could impact our financial results or stock price. We expect to continue to review potential acquisitions and we may acquire or make investments in businesses, products or technologies in the future. Any substantial future acquisitions or investments would present a number of risks that could harm our business including: • • • • business integration issues; disruption to our ongoing and acquired business; difficultly realizing the intended benefits of the transaction; and impairment of assets related to resulting goodwill and acquired intangibles. We expect consideration for potential acquisitions or investments to be paid in cash, common stock or a combination of both. If consideration is paid in common stock, this would dilute the ownership of our existing stockholders. Availability of our deferred tax assets could be limited by an ownership change as defined by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, or by a change in the tax code. We have significant deferred tax assets, primarily in the form of net operating losses, which are generally available to offset future taxable income. A change in ownership, as defined by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, could reduce the availability of those tax assets. In addition, some tax jurisdictions such as Illinois and Florida have suspended the use of net operating losses to offset future taxable income for a period of time. Additional federal or state tax code changes could further limit our use of deferred tax assets and harm our business and our investors. We have agreed to indemnify NETGEAR against specified losses in connection with the sale of certain assets of the CNS business. Under the terms of the Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of March 17, 2011, we have agreed to indemnify NETGEAR following the closing of the sale of certain assets of the CNS business against specified losses in connection with the CNS business and generally retain responsibility for various legal liabilities that may accrue. We have also made representations and warranties to NETGEAR about the condition of CNS, including matters relating to intellectual property, employee matters and environmental laws. Following the closing, if NETGEAR makes an indemnification claim because it has suffered a loss or a third party has commenced an action against NETGEAR, we may incur expenses to resolve NETGEAR’s claim or to defend NETGEAR and ourselves against the third party action, which expense could harm our operating results. In addition, such indemnity claims may divert management attention from our continuing business. It may also be difficult to determine whether a claim from a third party stemmed from actions taken by us or by NETGEAR and we may expend substantial resources trying to determine which party has responsibility for the claim. Our services are affected by uncertain government regulation and changes in current or future laws or regulations could restrict the way we operate our business. The telecommunications industry, including most of our customers, is subject to regulation from federal and state agencies, including the FCC and various state public utility and service commissions. While most such regulations do not affect us directly, the effects of regulations on our customers may adversely impact our business and operating results. For example, FCC regulatory policies affecting the availability of telephone company services and other terms on which telephone companies conduct their business may impede our penetration of local access markets, and/or make the markets less financially attractive. Risks Related to our Common Stock We have been and could be the subject of future investigation by the SEC or other governmental authorities that could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and the price of our common stock. In the past, the SEC conducted an investigation regarding events and circumstances surrounding trading in our securities. In August 2009, the SEC informed us that it had completed this investigation without any enforcement action. In the event that a future investigation by the SEC or other governmental authorities leads to significant legal expense or to action against the Company or its directors and officers our financial condition, results of operations and the price of our common stock may be adversely impacted. - 14 - Table of Contents Our principal stockholders can exercise significant influence that could discourage transactions involving a change of control and may affect your ability to receive a premium for Class A Common Stock that you purchase. As of May 13, 2011, as trustees of a voting trust, dated February 23, 1994 (the “Voting Trust”), containing common stock held for the benefit of the Penny family, Robert C. Penny III and Robert W. Foskett have the exclusive power to vote over 48.0% of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of our common stock. In addition, members of the Penny family who are beneficiaries under this Voting Trust are parties to a stock transfer restriction agreement which prohibits the beneficiaries from transferring any Class B Common Stock or their beneficial interests in the Voting Trust without first offering such Class B Common Stock to the other Penny family members. Certain Penny family members also own or are beneficiaries of trusts that own shares outside of the Voting Trust. As trustees of the Voting Trust and other trusts, Messrs. Penny and Foskett control 51.6% of the stock vote. Consequently, we are effectively under the control of Messrs. Penny and Foskett, as trustees, who can effectively control the election of all of the directors and determine the outcome of most corporate transactions or other matters submitted to the stockholders for approval. Such control may have the effect of discouraging transactions involving an actual or potential change of control, including transactions in which the holders of Class A Common Stock might otherwise receive a premium for their shares over the then-current market price. On May 31, 2011, the Company purchased 1,000,000 shares from the Penny family (see note 15 Subsequent Events). ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES The Company leases the following real property: Location Aurora, IL Schaumburg, IL Dublin, Ireland Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada Purpose Office and distribution Office, Conferencing Services Office, Conferencing Services Office and manufacturing Square footage 185,000 Termination year 2017 41,860 2,000 24,000 2013 2024 2012 The Aurora facility is used for its corporate headquarters , product distribution, and warranty processing. Alternative uses are currently being explored for portions of the Aurora facility that exceed the Company’s requirements. In April 2011, the Company entered into an agreement with NETGEAR to sublease a portion of the Aurora facility for a minimum period of six months. The Company has reached a preliminary agreement, subject to negotiation of specific lease terms, to extend the lease of the Regina facility. The Company does not own any real property. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS The Company is involved in various legal proceedings incidental to the Company’s business. In the ordinary course of our business, we are routinely audited and subject to inquiries by governmental and regulatory agencies. Management believes that the outcome of such proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated operations or financial condition. ITEM 4. (REMOVED AND RESERVED) - 15 - Table of Contents PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES The Company’s Class A Common Stock is quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “WSTL”. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low sale prices for the Class A Common Stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. Fiscal Year 2010 First Quarter ended June 30, 2009 Second Quarter ended September 30, 2009 Third Quarter ended December 31, 2009 Fourth Quarter ended March 31, 2010 Fiscal Year 2011 First Quarter ended June 30, 2010 Second Quarter ended September 30, 2010 Third Quarter ended December 31, 2010 Fourth Quarter ended March 31, 2011 High Low $0.64 1.57 1.88 1.52 $1.65 2.42 3.45 3.80 $0.27 0.56 0.96 1.17 $1.26 1.49 1.56 2.85 As of May 13, 2011, there were approximately 656 holders of record of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock and five holders of record of Class B Common Stock. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2011, no equity securities of the Company were sold by the Company that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Dividends The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its common stock and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. In addition, the Company’s credit facility restricts the Company’s ability to pay dividends without bank approval. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities In February 2010, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program whereby the Company may repurchase up to an aggregate of $10.0 million of its outstanding Class A Common Stock. There were no share repurchases during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2011. As of March 31, 2011, there was $9.4 million available for stock repurchases under the approved program. Performance Graph The following performance graph compares the change in the Company’s cumulative total stockholder return on its Class A Common Stock with the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Composite Index and the NASDAQ Telecommunications Index for the period commencing March 31, 2006 and ending March 31, 2011. The stock price performance shown in the performance graph may not be indicative of future stock price performance. - 16 - Table of Contents COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN* Among Westell Technologies, Inc., the NASDAQ Composite Index and the NASDAQ Telecommunications Index * $100 invested on 3/31/06 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ending March 31. Westell Technologies, Inc. NASDAQ Composite NASDAQ Telecommunications 3/06 3/07 3/08 3/09 3/10 3/11 100.00 53.32 36.86 6.88 34.89 86.00 100.00 106.44 101.14 67.88 107.06 125.30 100.00 113.49 110.41 73.00 107.96 115.65 - 17 - Table of Contents ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following selected consolidated financial data as of March 31, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and for each of the five fiscal years in the period through fiscal year 2011 have been derived from the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP. The data set forth below is qualified by reference to, and should be read in conjunction with, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes thereto and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. (in thousands, except per share data) Statement of Operations Data: Revenue Cost of equipment and services revenue Gross profit Operating expenses: 2011 Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2009 2008 2010 2007 $190,177 $181,485 $185,916 $205,729 $256,533 127,889 123,796 134,742 145,289 173,107 62,288 57,689 51,174 60,440 83,426 18,224 17,987 24,153 24,067 29,422 Sales and marketing 14,313 13,608 19,854 22,350 24,144 Research and development 14,389 15,095 20,036 21,537 17,354 General and administrative — Goodwill impairment 1,699 Intangible amortization 343 Restructuring 47,582 47,940 68,058 85,156 72,962 Total operating expenses 9,749 (16,884) (24,716) 10,464 14,706 Operating income (loss) 3,173 (16) Other income (expense), net (7) (5) Interest (expense) 9,769 (16,237) (21,019) 13,630 Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations 14,685 (5,474) 53,251 Income taxes (235) Minority interest — 7,921 Net income (loss) from continuing operations Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax of $—, $—, $0, $208 and (77) (53,495) (260) (74) 67,936 10,327 (16,388) (74,774) 9,651 1,834 5,717 1,381 1,882 752 — 656 — — 641 609 3,709 (12) 662 (15) 558 — 25 (5) $418, respectively Net income (loss) Basic net income (loss) per share : Basic net income (loss) from continuing operations Basic net income (loss) from discontinued operations Basic net income (loss) per share Average number of basic common shares outstanding Diluted net income (loss) per share Diluted net income (loss) from continuing operations Diluted net income (loss) from discontinued operations Diluted net income (loss) per share Average number of diluted common shares outstanding Balance Sheet Data (at end of period): Cash and cash equivalents Working capital (a) Total assets Total stockholders’ equity — (1,456) $ 67,936 $ 10,327 $ (16,594) $ (76,230) $ (206) — 773 8,694 1.00 $ 0.11 $ 0.15 $ 0.01 $ — $ — $ $ 0.12 0.15 $ 67,848 67,987 69,470 70,376 69,946 (1.06) $ (0.02) $ (1.08) $ (0.24) $ (0.00) $ (0.24) $ 1.00 $ 0.98 $ 0.11 $ 0.15 $ 0.01 $ — $ — $ $ 0.12 0.15 $ 69,477 68,573 69,470 70,376 71,144 (1.06) $ (0.02) $ (1.08) $ (0.24) $ (0.00) $ (0.24) $ 0.98 $ $ 86,408 $ 61,315 $ 46,058 $ 65,747 $ 70,183 16,295 17,959 19,001 13,317 18,248 201,387 121,834 115,564 134,228 207,350 $159,281 $ 87,731 $ 76,448 $ 93,495 $167,339 (a) Working capital is defined as current assets less cash and cash equivalents and current liabilities. - 18 - Table of Contents ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Overview The following discussion should be read together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes thereto and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K. All references herein to the term “fiscal year” shall mean a year ended March 31 of the year specified. The Company commenced operations in 1980 as a provider of telecommunications network transmission products that enable advanced telecommunications services over copper telephone wires. Until fiscal 1994, the Company derived substantially all of its revenues from its Outside Plant Systems (“OSPlant Systems” or “OSP”) products, particularly the sale of Network Interface Unit (“NIU”) products and related products. The Company introduced its first Customer Networking Solutions (“CNS”) products in fiscal 1993. The Company has also provided audio teleconferencing services since fiscal 1989 through its Conference Plus, Inc. subsidiary. The Company realizes the majority of its revenues from the North American market. On March 17, 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell certain assets and transfer certain liabilities of the CNS segment to NETGEAR, Inc. (“NETGEAR”) for $33.5 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. This transaction closed on April 15, 2011. As part of the asset sale, most of the CNS segment’s customer relationships, contracts and employees were transferred to NETGEAR. The Company retained one major CNS customer relationship and contract, and also retained the Homecloud product development program. Prior to the CNS asset sale to NETGEAR, the CNS segment of the Company designed, distributed, marketed and serviced a broad range of carrier-class broadband products. The CNS family of broadband products enables high-speed transport and networking of voice, data, video, and other advanced services. The products allow service providers to deliver services, content, and applications over existing copper, fiber, coax, and wireless infrastructures. Westell CNS products are typically installed in consumer residences or small businesses as a key component of a broadband service package. The Company’s CNS products enable residential customers, small businesses, and small office/home office (“SOHO”) users to access and share broadband services on networked computers, telephones, cell phones, televisions, media players, and other networked devices. A broad offering of networking products and technologies allows the Company to address several segments of the service provider market, distinguished by the methods used to deliver their services: wireline operators (copper and fiber), cable multi-service operators (hybrid fiber-coax), and integrated carriers that operate as combinations of the other three operators. After the CNS asset sale to NETGEAR, the Company retains one major CNS customer relationship and contract, and expects to sell and service traditional CNS products to that customer through the end of the contract. As of May 13, 2011, the Company had $18.5 million of non-cancellable orders from this customer and expects to complete shipment of product under this contract by December 31, 2011. The Company also retained within its CNS division the Homecloud product development program. The Homecloud product family which is under development consists of ultra-high-speed applications-capable gateways and other applications-capable devices for the home network, plus associated software for home networking devices, plus Web-based services, to enable the delivery of new services into the home networking environment. In the OSP segment, the Company designs, distributes, markets and services a broad range of carrier-class digital transmission, remote monitoring, power distribution, next-generation outdoor equipment cabinets and service provider demarcation products. The Company’s OSP products offer next-generation outdoor cabinets, enclosures, power distribution panels, flexible edge connectors (with respect to fiber, Ethernet and coax), remote monitoring solutions, DS1 and DS3 transmission plugs, and carrier grade Ethernet solutions. These solutions are optimized for wireline backhaul of cellular traffic, service delivery to business enterprise and smart grid applications. The Company’s OSP segment also provides a value-added Customized Systems Integration (“CSI”) service, offering its customers a single source for complete turnkey solutions, reducing the time-to-market and expenses incurred through third-party contractors and eliminating the need to design, assemble and test on the job site. Target OSP customers include wireline service providers, wireless service providers, multiple systems operators (“MSOs”), integrated carriers, utility providers and original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) worldwide (all known as “service providers”). The power distribution and remote monitoring products are designed and provided through the Company’s Noran Tel subsidiary located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. - 19 - Table of Contents Conference Plus, Inc. (“ConferencePlus” or “CP”), founded in 1988, is a full-service audio, web and video conferencing company that manages and hosts specific software and applications supporting its conferencing and meeting services. ConferencePlus is a 100% owned subsidiary of the Company and manages its conferencing and meeting services through its main operations center in Schaumburg, Illinois, and a facility in Dublin, Ireland. ConferencePlus allows multiple individuals, organizations and/or businesses to conduct conference calls using a combination of audio, web and video collaboration and presentations. ConferencePlus offers conference call services that can include a blend of audio, graphics, spreadsheets and other documents that can be carried over and archived on the Internet to enhance the traditional audio conference call. By enabling the sharing of this blend of information, ConferencePlus can help organizations increase productivity and save money by reducing travel time and costs, and making it easier for people in remote locations to work together. Conferencing and meeting service technologies also allow organizations and individuals to collect and disseminate information faster, more accurately and without the associated costs of face-to-face meetings. These technologies also help companies communicate and collaborate effectively in the face of health and safety threats and other impediments to travel and formal gatherings. The prices for the products within each market group vary based upon volume, customer specifications and other criteria, and are subject to change due to competition among telecommunications manufacturers and service providers. The Company’s customer base for its products is highly concentrated and comprised primarily of major U.S. telecommunications service providers (“telephone companies”), independent domestic local exchange carriers and public telephone administrations located outside the U.S. Due to the stringent quality specifications of its customers and the regulated environment in which its customers operate, the Company must undergo lengthy approval and procurement processes prior to selling its products. Accordingly, the Company must make significant up front investments in product and market development prior to actual commencement of sales of new products. To remain competitive, the Company must continue to invest in new product development and invest in targeted sales and marketing efforts to launch new product lines. Failure to increase revenues from new products, whether due to lack of market acceptance, competition, technological change or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and results of operations. The Company expects to continue to evaluate new product opportunities and engage in extensive research and development activities. In view of the Company’s current reliance on the telecommunications market for revenues and the unpredictability of orders and pricing pressures, the Company believes that period-to-period comparisons of its financial results are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. After the CNS asset sale to NETGEAR, in the CNS segment, the Company is focusing on the Homecloud product development program as well as fulfilling its contractual obligations in the retained CNS customer relationship and contract. The under development Homecloud product family provides a new suite of services, beyond voice + video + data, into the home, for a variety of applications, including enhanced security; media and information management, sharing and delivery; home control; and network management. The Company is considering sale of Homecloud products to its traditional service provider customer base as well as through new partnerships with online cloud-based service providers, and to consumers via various retail and online retail channel partners. The OSP segment has introduced products and services that focus on customer diversification and has changed from being a provider centered on service to Regional Bell Operating Companies into a provider with new sales channels including independent operating companies (“IOCs”), wireless service providers, MSOs, utility providers and OEMs worldwide. The Company continues to invest in new product areas to compliment the cellular backhaul and smart grid applications. Critical Accounting Policies The Company uses estimates and judgments in applying its accounting policies that have a significant impact on the results reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The following are the Company’s most critical accounting policies. - 20 - Table of Contents Inventory Reserves The Company reviews inventory for excess quantities and obsolescence based on its best estimates of future demand, product lifecycle status and product development plans. The Company uses historical information along with these future estimates to reserve for obsolete and potentially obsolete inventory. The Company also evaluates inventory to adjust valuations to be the lower of cost or market value. Prices anticipated for future inventory demand are compared to current and committed inventory values. Inventory Purchase Commitments In the normal course of business, the Company enters into non-cancellable commitments for the purchase of inventory and long-distance telephone services. The commitments are at market rates. Should there be a significant decline in revenues the Company may absorb excess inventory and subsequent losses as a result of these commitments. The Company establishes reserves for potential losses on at-risk commitments. Income Taxes Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, applying enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the year in which the tax differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Goodwill and Intangibles Pursuant to the requirements of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) topic 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”), the Company evaluates its goodwill for impairment on an annual basis during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year or at an interim period if indicators of impairment exist. The goodwill impairment test compares the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill of the reporting unit would be considered impaired. To measure the amount of the impairment loss, the fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill is compared to the carrying value of that goodwill. If the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner used to determine the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination. The fair value of each of the Company’s reporting units was determined using a discounted cash flow methodology and current like-company market transactions. In fiscal year 2009, impairment of $1.4 million was recorded at the Noran Tel reporting unit in the OSP segment. No impairment was recorded in fiscal years 2011 or 2010. On an ongoing basis, the Company reviews intangible assets and other long-lived assets other than goodwill for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that carrying values may not be recoverable. If such events or changes in circumstances occur, the Company will recognize an impairment loss if the fair value is less than the carrying value of the related asset. The impairment loss would adjust the asset to its fair value. Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue Revenue recognition on equipment where software is incidental to the product as a whole or where software is essential to the equipment’s functionality and falls under software accounting scope exceptions generally occurs when products are shipped, risk of loss has transferred to the customer, objective evidence exists that customer acceptance provisions have been met, no significant obligations remain, collection is reasonably assured and warranty can be estimated. Where multiple-element arrangements exist, fair value of each element is established using the relative selling price method, which requires the Company to use vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”), reliable third-party objective evidence (“TPE”) or management’s best estimate of selling price, in that order. The Company’s UltraLine Series3 products are sold primarily to a single customer with contractual provisions that include specified future software enhancements and post customer support (“PCS”) to maintain ongoing interoperability within the customer’s network. The Company was not able to establish VSOE or TPE for the specified future software enhancements and therefore relied on management’s estimates of fair value for each of the multiple elements in the arrangement. Revenue is deferred for undelivered elements and recorded when delivery occurs. - 21 - Table of Contents Stock–based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation using the provisions of ASC topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). ASC 718 requires the grant date fair value recognition of expense related to employee stock-based compensations awards over the requisite service period. Determining the fair value of equity-based options requires the Company to estimate the expected volatility of its stock, the risk-free interest rate, expected option term, expected dividend yield and expected forfeitures. Warranty Costs Most of the Company’s products carry a limited warranty ranging from one to three years for CNS segment products and up to seven years for OSP segment products. The warranty reserve is based on historical sales and cost of repair or replacement trends. New Accounting Standards Adopted In February 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2010-10, Consolidations (Topic 810): Amendments for Certain Investment Funds and in December 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-17, Consolidations (Topic 810): Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities. These ASU’s amend the variable interest entity (“VIE”) guidance of ASC 810 (see effective date below). Effective April 1, 2010, the Company adopted the new VIE guidance of ASC 810. This guidance amends ASC 810, to require the Company to perform an analysis of existing investments to determine whether variable interest or interests give the Company a controlling financial interest in a VIE. This analysis identifies the primary beneficiary of a VIE as the enterprise that has both the power to direct the activities of significant impact on a VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. It also amends ASC 810 to require ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. As a result of adoption, the Company is no longer considered the primary beneficiary of Contineo, a VIE for which the Company was considered the primary beneficiary and which required the financial performance of Contineo to be consolidated in the Company’s financial statements in fiscal years 2010 and 2009. Because the Company is no longer considered the primary beneficiary, the Company is not required to consolidate Contineo in its financial statements effective April 1, 2010. As a result of the adoption of the new VIE guidance in ASC 810, the Company recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment to increase retained earnings by $0.3 million. This adjustment represents the difference between the cumulative net losses of $2.8 million previously recorded through the consolidation of Contineo and the Company’s $2.5 million investment. The Company’s equity value of the Contineo investment recorded on the Company’s books as of March 31, 2011 is $0. Results of Operations Fiscal Years Ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 Revenue (in thousands) CNS equipment OSP equipment ConferencePlus services Consolidated revenue - 22 - Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2011 2010 2009 2011 vs. Increase (Decrease) 2010 vs. 2009 2010 $ 89,079 $ 87,248 $ 84,207 $1,831 $ 3,041 (3,990) (3,482) $190,177 $181,485 $185,916 $8,692 $(4,431) 56,506 45,203 52,516 41,721 58,770 42,328 6,254 607 Table of Contents In fiscal year 2011, consolidated revenue increased 5% compared to the prior year. CNS segment revenue increased 2%. Gateway product revenue increased 61% and modem product revenue decreased 44%. In the current year, end user demand continued to shift from modems toward wireless gateways. The ULS3 product revenue decreased 31%. Average selling prices between years decreased in all three products. OSP revenue increased 12% due primarily to strong demand for products used in cellular backhaul initiatives offset by overall weaker demand for network interface and mounting products. ConferencePlus revenue was relatively flat with an increase of 1% on higher minutes billed, offset in part by a lower rate per minute billed. In fiscal year 2010, consolidated revenue decreased 2% compared to the prior year. CNS segment revenue increased 4% with unit volume increases offset in part by a decrease in average sales price for both modem and gateway products. The ULS3 product revenue units decreased 6% with stable average selling prices between years. The 7% decrease in OSP revenue resulted from an overall weaker demand for network interface and mounting products. The 8% ConferencePlus revenue decrease was due to the weak economic environment and a loss of revenue from large customers offset in part by the addition of smaller customers which combined for a decrease in call minutes. The decrease was offset in part by $1.2 million of additional revenue related to the collection of the Federal Universal Service Fund (“FUSF”) fees. Gross profit and margin (in thousands) CNS OSP ConferencePlus Consolidated gross profit Consolidated gross margin Fiscal Year Ended March 31, Increase (Decrease) 2011 $15,885 2010 $14,348 2009 $ 8,142 2011 vs. 2010 $1,537 2010 vs. 2009 $6,206 17.8% 16.4% 9.7% 1.4 % 25,667 23,042 22,808 2,625 43.7% 43.9% 40.4% 20,736 20,299 20,224 49.0% 48.7% 44.7% (0.2)% 437 0.3 % 6.7% 234 3.5% 75 4.0% $62,288 $57,689 $51,174 $4,599 $6,515 32.8% 31.8% 27.5% 1.0 % 4.3% In fiscal year 2011, consolidated margin increased 1.0% compared to fiscal year 2010. CNS gross margin increased 1.4%. The CNS gross margin was negatively impacted by lower selling prices but benefited from a more profitable product mix, including $0.9 million of revenue from higher-margin software revenue related to customer projects, when compared to the prior year. OSP and ConferencePlus gross margins were relatively flat year over year. In fiscal year 2010, consolidated gross margin increased 4.3% compared to fiscal year 2009. CNS gross margin increased 6.7% due primarily to a favorable mix of products sold and lower material costs that resulted from cost-reduced modem and gateway products along with lower freight costs of $1.1 million. Expedited freight was incurred in fiscal year 2009 relating primarily to the ULS3 product and did not recur in fiscal year 2010. OSP gross margin increased 3.5% due to product mix and freight costs that were lower by $0.4 million. ConferencePlus gross margin was negatively impacted in fiscal year 2009 by a loss contingency reserve of $0.7 million for a contractual dispute. The ConferencePlus margin improvement to 48.7% in fiscal year 2010 resulted primarily from lower telecommunication costs caused by a change in the provider of those services and the absence of a $0.7 million loss contingency reserve that was incurred in fiscal year 2009. Sales and marketing (“S&M”) Fiscal Year Ended March 31, Increase (Decrease) (in thousands) CNS OSP ConferencePlus Consolidated S&M expense Percentage of Revenue 2011 $ 4,891 5,922 7,411 $18,224 2010 $ 5,772 4,998 7,217 $17,987 2009 $ 9,464 5,468 9,221 $24,153 10% 10% 13% 2011 vs. 2010 $ (881) 924 194 $ 237 2010 vs. 2009 $(3,692) (470) (2,004) $(6,166) In fiscal year 2011, consolidated sales and marketing expense increased 1% or $0.2 million compared to the prior year. Certain sales and marketing resources that supported the CNS segment in fiscal year 2010 were transferred to support the OSP segment in fiscal year 2011. This transfer resulted in lower CNS and higher OSP sales and - 23 - Table of Contents marketing expenses in the current year compared to the prior year. CNS sales and marketing expense declined $0.9 million. In addition to the resource transfer noted above, lower warranty and shipping expenses also impacted fiscal year 2011, but were offset by increased spending on the Homecloud initiative, which started in the second quarter of fiscal year 2011. OSP sales and marketing expenses increased 19% or $0.9 million due primarily to the resource changes noted above. In addition, compensation costs increased due to higher commission expense resulting from increased year-over-year OSP revenue. ConferencePlus sales and marketing expenses increased 3% or $0.2 million due to the addition of sales employees in the current year compared to the prior year. In fiscal year 2010, consolidated sales and marketing expense decreased 26% or $6.2 million compared to the prior year with reductions in all operating segments due primarily to reorganizations which resulted in fewer employees and lower related personnel costs. In the CNS and ConferencePlus segments, there were 15 and 16 fewer employees as of March 31, 2010 compared to March 31, 2009, respectively. The Company also placed cost controls in each division which resulted in lower spending across most expense categories. Research and development (“R&D”) Fiscal Year Ended March 31, (in thousands) CNS OSP ConferencePlus Consolidated R&D expense Percentage of Revenue 2011 $ 7,949 3,825 2,539 $14,313 2010 $ 9,024 2,339 2,245 $13,608 2009 $15,029 2,604 2,221 $19,854 8% 7% 11% Increase (Decrease) 2011 vs. 2010 2010 vs. 2009 $(1,075) $(6,005) (265) 1,486 294 24 705 $(6,246) $ In fiscal year 2011, consolidated research and development expenses increased 5% or $0.7 million compared to the prior year. In fiscal year 2011, certain engineering employees that supported the CNS segment in the prior fiscal year were transferred to support development of Ethernet solutions for the OSP segment in the current fiscal year. This personnel transfer had the effect of creating lower CNS and higher OSP research and development expense. CNS research and development expenses decreased 12% or $1.1 million. The reduction was primarily due to lower salary and related costs due to the personnel changes noted above, and a general reduction in overall expenses, including depreciation. This was offset in part by increased spending on the Homecloud initiative, which has been increasing throughout fiscal year 2011. OSP research and development expenses increased 64% or $1.5 million. The increase resulted from the personnel changes noted above, the hiring of new employees, increased prototype expense and $0.1 million of software license expense all incurred to support the development of Ethernet products. ConferencePlus research and development expenses increased 13% or $0.3 million. The increase was due primarily to shifting employee resources from an information technology support function, which is a part of general and administrative expense, to engineering. In fiscal year 2010, consolidated research and development expenses declined 31% or $6.2 million. The CNS segment made up the majority of this reduction with $6.0 million of lower expense resulting primarily from the reduction of 13 employees that caused $2.0 million of lower personnel-related expense. Additionally, CNS expense related to Contineo declined $0.8 million and new product investments made in fiscal year 2009 for software and new markets did not continue in fiscal year 2010 and resulted in lower overall research and development spending. General and administrative (“G&A”) (in thousands) CNS OSP ConferencePlus Unallocated corporate costs Consolidated G&A expense Percentage of Revenue Fiscal Year Ended March 31, Increase (Decrease) 2011 $ 3,365 2,023 5,766 3,235 $14,389 2010 $ 3,244 1,998 6,075 3,778 $15,095 2009 $ 3,977 2,558 7,885 5,616 $20,036 8% 8% 11% 2011 vs. 2010 $ 121 25 (309) (543) $ (706) 2010 vs. 2009 $ (733) (560) (1,810) (1,838) $(4,941) In fiscal year 2011, consolidated G&A expenses decreased 5% or $0.7 million compared to the prior year. CNS and OSP share certain general and administrative resources. The CNS segment received 62% and 65% of these resource costs and the OSP segment has been allocated 38% and 35% of the costs in fiscal years 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company determines allocation percentages by estimating G&A resources spent supporting each segment. - 24 - Table of Contents In fiscal year 2011, CNS general and administrative expense increased 4% or $0.1 million. The change in resource allocations noted above was offset by defense and settlement costs of a patent infringement claim of $0.8 million. OSP general and administrative expense was relatively flat year over year with the change in resource allocations noted above offset by reductions in depreciation and other expenses. ConferencePlus general and administrative expense declined 5% or $0.3 million. The decrease resulted primarily from lower bad debt expense, legal fees, employee-related costs and professional fees as well as a reallocation of employee resources from the information technology support function to engineering, which is part of research and development expenses, as noted above. Unallocated corporate general and administrative expense decreased 14% or $0.5 million. The decrease primarily resulted from $0.7 million of cumulative prior year stock-based compensation expense that was recorded in fiscal year 2010 to correct errors in stock-based compensation expense related to prior fiscal years. This reduction was offset in part by $0.5 million of expense directly attributable to the sale of CNS business to NETGEAR, which closed April 15, 2011. In fiscal year 2010, consolidated G&A expense decreased 25% or $4.9 million with the majority of the reduction in the ConferencePlus segment and in the unallocated corporate costs. The CNS and OSP segments share certain general and administrative resources. The CNS segment was allocated 65% of such shared resource costs and the OSP segment was allocated 35% of the shared costs. Fiscal year 2010 reductions in the shared CNS and OSP G&A expense compared to fiscal year 2009 resulted primarily from $0.5 million of severance recorded in fiscal year 2009, lower information technology costs and lower bank fees resulting from a change in line of credit amounts and providers. ConferencePlus segment G&A decreased by 23% due primarily to lower stock-based compensation expense and lower personnel-related costs. The reduction in unallocated corporate costs resulted primarily from legal expenses that were $1.1 million lower and from the non-recurrence of $0.9 million of stock-based compensation expense recorded in fiscal year 2009 that related to the accelerated vesting of restricted stock awards made to Mr. Thomas Mader, a former Chief Executive Officer of the Company. These reductions were offset in part by a non-cash charge of $0.7 million recorded in fiscal year 2010 to correct errors in stock-based compensation expense related to prior fiscal years. Legal expense in fiscal year 2009 included costs related to an SEC investigation, which concluded without enforcement action in fiscal year 2010. Restructuring (in thousands) CNS OSP ConferencePlus Consolidated restructuring expense Fiscal Year Ended March 31, Increase (Decrease) 2011 $ — — — $ — 2010 $ 414 46 149 $ 609 2009 $ 363 220 169 $ 752 2011 vs. 2010 $ (414) (46) (149) $ (609) $ 2010 vs. 2009 51 (174) (20) $ (143) There were no restructuring expenses in fiscal year 2011. In fiscal years 2010 and 2009, the Company had cost reduction initiatives that led to reductions in force in all operating segments that resulted in severance cost for 50 and 20 employees, respectively. Intangible amortization (in thousands) CNS OSP ConferencePlus Consolidated intangible amortization $656 $ 641 $ 1,882 $ - 25 - Fiscal Year Ended March 31, Increase (Decrease) 2011 $ 5 $ 540 111 2010 2009 1 $ — $ 1,823 59 528 112 2011 vs. 2010 2010 vs. 2009 1 4 $ (1,295) 12 (1) 53 15 $(1,241) Table of Contents Intangible assets consist primarily of product technology and of customer relationships from previous acquisitions. The reduction in OSP intangible amortization in fiscal year 2010 compared to fiscal year 2009 was due to intangibles from the Teltrend, Inc. acquisition becoming fully amortized at the end of fiscal year 2009. Goodwill impairment As of March 31, 2011, the Company had $1.1 million, $0.3 million and $0.8 million of goodwill in the ConferencePlus, ConferencePlus Global Services and Noran Tel reporting units, respectively. ConferencePlus and ConferencePlus Global Services are in the ConferencePlus operating segment while Noran Tel is part of the OSP operating segment. The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually in its fiscal fourth quarter and on an interim basis if indicators of impairment are present. A two-step approach is used to test for goodwill impairment. The first step tests for impairment by comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. The second step, which is performed only if the fair value in step one is lower than the carrying value, measures the amount of impairment by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill to the carrying value of goodwill. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology and current like-company market transactions. The key assumptions used to determine fair value include the weighted-average cost of capital as well as projections on revenue, costs and capital expenditures. No impairment was identified during fiscal years 2011 and 2010. Due to the adverse economic environment, an interim impairment test was performed on the Noran Tel reporting unit in the third quarter of fiscal year 2009 that resulted in a $1.4 million charge to adjust goodwill in the unit to its fair value. No impairment was identified in the annual test performed in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009. Other income (expense) Other income (expense), net was $(16,000), $25,000 and $662,000 for fiscal years 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. Other income (expense), net was primarily comprised of interest income earned on short-term cash investments and gains or losses on intercompany balances denominated in foreign currency. The decrease in fiscal year 2011 compared to fiscal year 2010 was due primarily to gains or losses on intercompany balances denominated in foreign currency. The decrease in fiscal year 2010 compared to fiscal year 2009 was due primarily to lower short-term interest rates and greater holdings of cash in non-interest-bearing accounts. Income taxes Income tax in fiscal years 2011 and 2010 was a benefit of $53.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, compared to expense of $0.1 million for fiscal year 2009. In fiscal year 2011, after considering both the positive and negative evidence, including improved financial performance, expected future taxable income, the exit of a three-year cumulative loss, and the sale of the majority of its CNS business for an estimated $32 million tax gain, the Company concluded that it was more likely than not that it would be able to utilize the majority of its deferred tax assets. Prior to fiscal year 2011, a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets was in place. As a result of this change in assessment of realizability of deferred tax assets and current year income, the valuation allowance decreased by $60.8 million. A reduction of valuation allowance increases the net deferred tax asset value and adds to net income. Additionally, the Company recognized an additional $0.7 million of tax benefits relating to changes or expiration of uncertain tax positions. In fiscal year 2010, the Company recorded a $0.8 million income tax benefit that was derived from a refund of alternative minimum tax credits. Additionally, the statute of limitations expired on a contingent tax reserve resulting in a $0.4 million tax benefit. The remaining tax expense in fiscal year 2010 resulted from foreign, state and federal alternative minimum tax, as the Company was able to utilize its reserved federal net operating loss carryfowards to offset taxable income. Minority interest Minority interest expense was $74,000 in fiscal year 2009. Minority interest expense represents the minority interest holder’s share of income for the then 91.5% owned subsidiary, Conference Plus, Inc. The minority interest was purchased by the Company in the third quarter of fiscal year 2009, therefore fiscal years 2011 and 2010 have no minority interest expense. Discontinued operations In the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, the Company decided to cease the operations of its Westell Limited subsidiary in the UK and closed the facility in the same year. Net loss from discontinued operations was $0.2 million in fiscal year 2009. There were no discontinued operations in fiscal years 2011 and 2010. Net income (loss) Net income was $67.9 million and $10.3 million in fiscal years 2011 and 2010, respectively, compared to a net loss of $16.6 million fiscal year 2009. The changes were due to the cumulative effects of the variances identified above. - 26 - Table of Contents Quarterly Results of Operations The Company has and may continue to experience fluctuations in quarterly results of operations. Such fluctuations in quarterly results may correspond to substantial fluctuations in the market price of the Class A Common Stock. Some factors which have had an influence on and may continue to influence the Company’s results of operations in a particular quarter include, but are not limited to, the size and timing of customer orders and subsequent shipments, customer order deferrals in anticipation of new products, timing of product introductions or enhancements by the Company or its competitors, market acceptance of new products, technological changes in the telecommunications industry, competitive pricing pressures, accuracy of customer forecasts of end-user demand, write-offs for excess or obsolete inventory, changes in the Company’s operating expenses, personnel changes, foreign currency fluctuations, changes in the mix of products sold, quality control of products sold, disruption in sources of supply, regulatory changes, capital spending, delays of payments by customers, working capital deficits and general economic conditions. Sales to the Company’s customers typically involve long approval and procurement cycles and can involve large purchase commitments. Accordingly, cancellation or deferral of orders could cause significant fluctuations in the Company’s quarterly results of operations. As a result, the Company believes that period-to-period comparisons of its results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and caution should be used when placing reliance upon such comparisons as indications of future performance. For a detailed comparison of the eight quarters ended March 31, 2011, see Note 14, Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited), in the notes to the financial statements. Liquidity and Capital Resources At March 31, 2011, the Company had $86.9 million in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, consisting of bank deposits, money market funds and certificates of deposits. At March 31, 2011, the Company had no amounts outstanding and $12.0 million available under its secured revolving credit facility. The Company does not have any significant debt nor does it have material capital expenditure requirements, balloon payments or other payments due on long term obligations. Off-balance sheet arrangements of the Company include the Enginuity note described in Note 10 of the Consolidated Financial Statements and standard operating leases. Total future obligations and commitments as of March 31, 2011 were $53.5 million. The Company believes that the existing sources of liquidity and cash from operations will satisfy cash flow requirements for the foreseeable future. The Company entered into a revolving credit agreement with The Private Bank and Trust Company dated as of March 5, 2009 (the “Credit Agreement”) and subsequently entered into amendments to its Credit Agreement to extend the maturity date to March 31, 2012 and amend certain other provisions. The Credit Agreement is an asset-based revolving credit facility in an amount up to $12.0 million based on 80% of eligible accounts receivable plus the lesser of 30% of eligible inventory or $3.0 million. The obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement are secured by a guaranty from certain direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries of the Company, and by substantially all of the assets of the Company. The revolving loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the greater of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus a spread of 2.25%, or an alternative base rate. The alternative base rate is the greater of prime rate or the Federal Funds rate (the “Base Rate”). The Company is also required to pay a non-use fee of 0.2% per annum on the unused portion of the revolving loans. These charges are waived if the Company maintains with the lender an average monthly non-interest bearing account balance of $5.0 million and an average monthly balance of $15.0 million consisting of other investments. The Company maintained such balances since entering the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement contains financial covenants that include a minimum EBITDA, a minimum tangible net worth and a limitation on capital expenditures for any fiscal year. The Company was in compliance with these covenants on March 31, 2011. - 27 - Table of Contents In addition, although the Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its common stock and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future, the Company’s credit facility restricts the Company’s ability to pay dividends without bank approval. The Company’s operating activities generated cash of $24.2 million and $17.5 million in fiscal years 2011 and 2010, respectively, and used cash of $14.7 million in fiscal year 2009. Cash generated in fiscal year 2011 resulted primarily from net income adjusted for non-cash items of $17.4 million plus changes in working capital of $6.8 million. Cash generated in fiscal year 2010 resulted primarily from net income adjusted for non-cash items of $16.1 million plus changes in working capital. Cash used in fiscal year 2009 resulted primarily from a net loss of $16.6 million offset by $10.6 million of non-cash items. The change in balance sheet accounts was a use of $8.7 million resulting primarily from increases in inventory, prepaid expenses and accounts receivable. The Company’s investing activities used $1.3 million, $0.9 million and $3.3 million in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. In fiscal year 2011, the Company used $0.8 million on capital expenditures, primarily in its ConferencePlus segment and $0.5 million in purchases of short-term investments. In fiscal year 2010, the Company used $0.9 million on capital expenditures primarily in its ConferencePlus segment for bridging equipment. In fiscal year 2009, the Company used $2.4 million on capital expenditures and $3.7 million to acquire the remaining minority interest of Conference Plus, Inc. Additionally, the Company sold $2.6 million of short-term investments to fund a deferred compensation arrangement. The ConferencePlus segment capital expenditures in fiscal year 2009 were $0.9 million. These expenditures were primarily for teleconference bridge equipment. The Company’s financing activities provided cash of $2.0 million in fiscal year 2011 and used cash of $1.5 million and $1.4 million in fiscal years 2010 and 2009, respectively. The Company purchased $0.6 million, $1.4 million and $1.6 million of treasury stock in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The Company received proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $2.6 million, $4,000 and $0.1 million in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Future obligations and commitments as of March 31, 2011 consisted of the following: (in thousands) Purchase obligations* Future minimum lease payments for operating leases Future obligations and commitments 2012 2013 Payments due by fiscal year 2015 2014 2016 Thereafter Total $32,341 $3,060 $2,249 $ — $ — $ — $37,650 15,874 2,139 $35,152 $5,708 $4,549 $2,139 $2,160 $ 3,816 $53,524 3,816 2,811 2,648 2,300 2,160 * Purchase obligations consist of materials in the CNS and OSP equipment segments and local and long distance telephone service commitments in the ConferencePlus segment that arise in the normal course of business operations. On March 17, 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell substantially all of the assets of the CNS division, other than certain retained business and Homecloud, to NETGEAR, Inc. for $33.5 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. The sale was completed on April 15, 2011. Certain purchase obligations in the amount of $12.3 million were assigned to NETGEAR upon completion of the sale. In addition, the Company entered into an agreement with NETGEAR to sublease a portion of the Aurora facility for a minimum period of six months. As of March 31, 2011, the Company had deferred tax assets of approximately $60.4 million before a valuation allowance of $0.5 million, which reduced the recorded net deferred tax asset to $59.9 million. Also, as of March 31, 2011, the Company had a $6.3 million tax contingency reserve related to uncertain tax positions. The federal net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in fiscal year 2020. Realization of deferred tax assets associated with the Company’s future deductible temporary differences, net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards is dependent upon generating sufficient taxable income prior to their expiration, among other factors. The Company uses estimates of future taxable income to assess the valuation allowance required against deferred tax assets. Management periodically evaluates the recoverability of the deferred tax assets and may adjust the valuation allowance against deferred tax assets accordingly. - 28 - Table of Contents Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements In fiscal year 2005, the Company sold its Data Station Termination product lines and specified fixed assets to Enginuity Communications Corporation (“Enginuity”). The Company provided an unconditional guarantee relating to a 10-year term note payable by Enginuity to a third-party lender that financed the transaction (the “Enginuity Note”). The Enginuity Note had an unpaid balance of $0.7 million as of March 31, 2011. Certain owners of Enginuity personally guaranteed the note and pledged assets as collateral. These personal guarantees will stay in place until the note is paid in full, as will the Company’s. Under the Company’s guarantee, the Company must pay all amounts due under the note payable upon demand from the lender; however, the Company would have recourse against the assets of Enginuity, the personal guarantees, and pledged assets. The Company evaluated ASC 810 and concluded that Enginuity is a VIE as a result of the debt guarantee. The Company is not considered the primary beneficiary of the VIE and consolidation therefore has not been and is not required. At the time of the product sale, the Company assessed its obligation under this guarantee pursuant to the provisions of FIN 45, Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, as codified in ASC topic 460, Guarantees (“ASC 460”), and recorded a $0.3 million liability for the value of the guarantee. The balance of the guarantee liability was $0.1 million as of March 31, 2011. ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK The Company is subject to certain market risks, including foreign currency rate exposures . The Company has foreign subsidiaries in Ireland and Canada that develop and sell products and services in those respective countries and in other countries. The Company is exposed to potential gains and losses from foreign currency fluctuations affecting net investments and earnings denominated in foreign currencies. The Company’s primary future exposure is to changes in exchange rates for the U.S. dollar versus the Euro and Canadian dollar. Approximately 7% of the Company’s fiscal year 2011 revenue was denominated in foreign currencies. The Company estimates market risk as the potential decrease in pretax earnings resulting from a hypothetical decrease in the ending exchange rate of 10%. If such a decrease occurred, the Company would incur approximately $25,000 in additional other expense based on the ending intercompany balance outstanding at March 31, 2011. As of March 31, 2011, the balance in the cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment account, which is a component of stockholders’ equity, was an unrealized gain of $965,000. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements required by Item 8, together with the reports thereon of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are set forth on pages 37 - 67 of this report and are incorporated by reference in this Item 8. The Consolidated Financial Statement schedule listed under Item 15(a)2, is set forth on page 68 of this report and is incorporated by referenced in this Item 8 and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements. ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. - 29 - Table of Contents ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s senior management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”). Based upon this evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded as of the Evaluation Date that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective such that the information relating to the Company, including consolidated subsidiaries, required to be disclosed in the Company’s Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) reports (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even an effective system of internal control over financial reporting can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Management, with participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011 based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) and concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of March 31, 2011. The Company’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm has issued an audit report on its assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011. This report is included on page 38. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2011 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2011, the Company implemented a new third-party stock-based compensation software solution as previously reported in the Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. - 30 - Table of Contents PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (a) Directors of the Company The information required by this Item is set forth in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held in September 2011 under the captions “Election of Directors”, “Corporate Governance – Board Committees” and “Section 16(a). Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” which information is incorporated herein by reference. (b) Executive Officers of the Company The information required by this Item is set forth in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held in September 2011 under the caption “Corporate Governance - Executive Officers,” which information is incorporated herein by reference. Code of Business Conduct We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct within the meaning of Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K. This Code of Business Conduct applies to all of our directors, officers (including the principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and any person performing similar functions) and employees. This Code of Business Conduct is publicly available in the corporate governance section on our website at http://www.westell.com. The Company intends to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K by posting on its website any amendments to, or waivers from, its Code of Business Conduct applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer and any person performing similar functions. Copies of the Code of Business Conduct will be provided free of charge upon written request directed to the Secretary of the Company at the address of the principal executive offices. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information required by this Item is set forth in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held in September 2011 under the captions “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”, “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation”, “Compensation Committee Report on Executive Compensation”, “Summary Compensation Table”, “Grants of Plan-Based Awards”, “Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End”, “Option Exercises and Stock Vested”, “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” and “Director Compensation”, which information is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The information required by this Item is set forth in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held in September 2011 under the captions “Ownership of the Capital Stock of the Company,” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” which information is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE The information required by this Item is set forth in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held in September 2011 under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions,” and “Corporate Governance – Director Independence”, which information is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES The information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the sections entitled “Fees to the Company’s Auditors” and “Approval of Services Provided by Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held in September 2011. - 31 - Table of Contents ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE (a)(1) Financial Statements The following documents are filed as part of this report: PART IV The Consolidated Financial Statements of Westell Technologies, Inc. at March 31, 2011 and 2010 and for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended March 31, 2011, together with the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, are set forth on pages 37 through 67 of this Report. The supplemental financial information listed and appearing hereafter should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the report. (2) Financial Statement Schedule The following are included in Part IV of this Report for each of the years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 as applicable: Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts - page 68 Financial statement schedules not included in this report have been omitted either because they are not applicable or because the required information is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto, included in this report. (3) Exhibits Exhibit Number 2.1 3.1 3.2 9.1 10.1(a) 10.1(b) 10.1(c) 10.1(d) Document Description Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of March 17, 2011 by and between Westell Technologies, Inc., Westell, Inc., NETGEAR, Inc., and NETGEAR Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on March 18, 2011). Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005). Amended and Restated By-laws (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 18, 2009). Voting Trust Agreement dated February 23, 1994, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 9.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended, Registration No. 33-98024). Credit Agreement, dated as of March 5, 2009, among Westell Technologies, Inc., Westell, Inc., Teltrend LLC and Conference Plus, Inc., as borrowers, and The Private Bank and Trust Company, as lender (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2009). First Amendment, dated as of March 5, 2010, to Credit Agreement dated as of March 5, 2009, by and among Westell Technologies, Inc., Westell, Inc., Teltrend LLC, Conference Plus, Inc. and The Private Bank and Trust Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on March 8, 2010). Second Amendment, dated as of March 31, 2011, to Credit Agreement dated as of March 5, 2009, by and among Westell Technologies, Inc., Westell, Inc., Teltrend LLC, Conference Plus, Inc. and The PrivateBank and Trust Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 5, 2011). Guaranty and Security Agreement, dated as of March 5, 2009, among Westell Technologies, Inc., Westell, Inc., Teltrend LLC, Conference Plus, Inc. and the other parties thereto, as guarantors and grantors, in favor of The Private Bank and Trust Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.38 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2009). - 32 - Table of Contents 10.2 10.3 *10.4 *10.5 10.6 10.7 *10.8 *10.9 *10.10(a) *10.10(b) *10.11 *10.12 *10.13 *10.14 *10.15 *10.16 *10.17 *10.18 *10.19 Stock Transfer Restriction Agreement entered into by members of the Penny family, as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibits 10.4 and 10.16 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended, Registration No. 33-98024). Form of Registration Rights Agreement among Westell Technologies, Inc. and trustees of the Voting Trust dated February 23, 1994 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended, Registration No. 33-98024). 1995 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended, Registration No. 33-98024). Employee Stock Purchase Plan (as amended) (incorporated herein by reference to the exhibit filed with the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed on July 29, 2008). Lease dated September 29, 1997 between WTI (IL) QRS 12-36, Inc.. and Westell, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 2, 1997). Settlement Agreement dated November 30, 2002 with respect to the lease dated September 29, 1997 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2008). Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Officers of the Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010). Westell Technologies, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated as of June 29, 2010 (incorporated herein by reference to Annex A to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed on July 29, 2010). Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award under the Westell Technologies, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2010). Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for awards granted to Richard S. Gilbert and Brian S. Cooper on April 4, 2011 under the Westell Technologies, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 6, 2011). Form of Stock Option Award under the Westell Technologies, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2008). Conference Plus, Inc. 2002 Nonqualified Stock Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007). Form of Conference Plus, Inc. Nonqualified Stock Option Award (for Management Level Employees) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007). Form of Conference Plus, Inc. Nonqualified Stock Option Award (for Non-Management Level Employees) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2007). Employment Agreement, dated January 18, 2011, by and among Westell Technologies, Inc., Westell, Inc. and Richard S. Gilbert (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 19, 2011). Employment Agreement, dated January 18, 2011, by and between Westell Technologies, Inc., Westell, Inc. and Brian S. Cooper (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 19, 2011). Severance Agreement dated April 15, 2009 by and between Westell Technologies, Inc., Westell, Inc. and Amy T. Forster (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 17, 2009). Westell Technologies, Inc. Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Annex B to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 2010 Annual Meeting of Stockholders filed on July 29, 2010). Summary of Director Compensation (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2010). - 33 - Table of Contents *10.20 *10.21 Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Award under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan for awards granted prior to April 2010 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2010). Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Award under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan for awards granted on or after April 1, 2010 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2010). *10.22 Form of Incentive Stock Option Award under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2010). 21.1 Subsidiaries of the Registrant. 23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP. 31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 32.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. (b) Exhibits The exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are as specified in Item 15(a)(3) herein. (c) Financial Statement Schedule The financial statement schedule filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are as specified in Item 15(a)(2) herein. - 34 - Table of Contents SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on June 2, 2011. WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. By /s/ RICHARD S. GILBERT Richard S. Gilbert President and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on June 2, 2011. Signature Title /s/ RICHARD S. GILBERT Richard S. Gilbert /s/ BRIAN S. COOPER Brian S. Cooper /s/ AMY T. FORSTER Amy T. Forster /s/ KIRK R. BRANNOCK Kirk R. Brannock /s/ ROBERT W. FOSKETT Robert W. Foskett /s/ JAMES M. FROISLAND James M. Froisland /s/ DENNIS O. HARRIS Dennis O. Harris /s/ MARTIN HERNANDEZ Martin Hernandez /s/ EILEEN A. KAMERICK Eileen A. Kamerick /s/ ROBERT C. PENNY III Robert C. Penny III President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer) Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer) Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) Director Director Director Director Director Director Director - 35 - Table of Contents INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Item Consolidated Financial Statements: Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Consolidated Balance Sheets — March 31, 2011 and 2010 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Financial Statement Schedule: Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts - 36 - Page 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 68 Table of Contents To the Board of Directors and the Stockholders of Westell Technologies, Inc. Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Westell Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2011. Our audit also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Westell Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries at March 31, 2011 and 2010, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2011, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. As discussed in Notes 1 and 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, effective April 1, 2010, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s amended accounting standards related to the consolidation of variable interest entities. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Westell Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 2, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Chicago, Illinois June 2, 2011 - 37 - Table of Contents To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Westell Technologies, Inc. Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm We have audited Westell Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Westell Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, Westell Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2011, based on the COSO criteria. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Westell Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2011 of Westell Technologies, Inc. and Subsidiaries and our report dated June 2, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Chicago, Illinois June 2, 2011 - 38 - Table of Contents Assets Current assets: WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands, except share amounts) Cash and cash equivalents Short-term investments Accounts receivable (net of allowance of $147 and $237, respectively) Inventories Prepaid expenses and other current assets Deferred income tax asset Assets held-for-sale Total current assets Property and equipment: Machinery and equipment Office, computer and research equipment Leasehold improvements Less accumulated depreciation and amortization Property and equipment, net Goodwill Intangibles, net Deferred income tax asset Other assets Total assets Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued expenses Accrued compensation Deferred revenue Liabilities held-for-sale Total current liabilities Other long-term liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Notes 1 and 5) Stockholders’ equity: Class A common stock, par $0.01, Authorized – 109,000,000 shares Issued and outstanding – 54,174,144 and 52,762,326 shares at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively Class B common stock, par $0.01, Authorized – 25,000,000 shares Issued and outstanding – 14,555,815 and 14,693,619 shares at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively Preferred stock, par $0.01, Authorized – 1,000,000 shares Issued and outstanding – none Additional paid-in capital Treasury stock at cost – 4,629,373 and 4,273,309 shares at March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively Cumulative translation adjustment Accumulated deficit Total stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity March 31, 2011 March 31, 2010 $ $ $ 86,408 490 24,252 12,955 3,156 5,048 4,781 137,090 13,024 11,769 9,381 34,174 (30,924) 3,250 2,197 3,473 55,119 258 201,387 23,664 4,320 4,883 232 1,288 34,387 7,719 42,106 $ $ $ 61,315 — 17,683 21,258 4,276 — — 104,532 15,681 12,855 9,313 37,849 (33,184) 4,665 2,162 4,063 5,985 427 121,834 15,195 4,781 4,422 860 — 25,258 8,845 34,103 541 146 528 147 — 402,337 (3,854) 965 (240,854) 159,281 201,387 $ — 398,756 (3,302) 645 (309,043) 87,731 $ 121,834 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. - 39 - Table of Contents WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (In thousands, except per share amounts) Equipment revenue Services revenue Total revenue Cost of equipment revenue Cost of services revenue Total cost of equipment and services revenue Gross profit Operating expenses: Sales and marketing Research and development General and administrative Goodwill impairment Intangible amortization Restructuring Total operating expenses Operating income (loss) Other income (expense), net Interest (expense) Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interest and discontinued operations Income taxes Minority interest Net income (loss) from continuing operations Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax of $— , $— and $0, respectively Net income (loss) Basic net income (loss) per share: Basic net income (loss) from continuing operations Basic net income (loss) from discontinued operations Basic net income (loss) per share Diluted net income (loss) per share: Diluted net income (loss) from continuing operations Diluted net income (loss) from discontinued operations Diluted net income (loss) per share Weighted-average number of shares outstanding: Basic Effect of dilutive securities: restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance stock units, and stock options 1 Diluted 2011 Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2010 $147,849 $139,764 $140,713 45,203 185,916 41,721 181,485 42,328 190,177 2009 106,297 21,592 127,889 62,288 102,374 21,422 123,796 57,689 109,763 24,979 134,742 51,174 18,224 14,313 14,389 — 656 — 47,582 14,706 17,987 13,608 15,095 — 641 609 47,940 9,749 24,153 19,854 20,036 1,381 1,882 752 68,058 (16,884) (16) (5) 14,685 53,251 — 67,936 — 662 (15) (16,237) (77) (74) (16,388) (206) $ 67,936 $ 10,327 $ (16,594) 25 (5) 9,769 558 — 10,327 — 1.00 $ $ 0.15 $ $ — $ — $ 0.15 $ $ 1.00 $ 0.98 $ $ 0.15 $ $ — $ — $ 0.15 $ $ 0.98 $ (0.24) (0.00) (0.24) (0.24) (0.00) (0.24) 67,848 67,987 69,470 1,629 69,477 586 68,573 — 69,470 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. 1 The Company had 2.4 million and 6.1 million options outstanding as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, which were not included in the computation of average diluted shares outstanding because they were anti-dilutive. - 40 - Table of Contents WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (In thousands) Balance, March 31, 2008 Net income (loss) Translation adjustment Total comprehensive (loss) Options exercised Treasury Stock Shares sold under Employee Stock Purchase Plan $ $ $ $ Stock-based compensation Balance, March 31, 2009 Net income (loss) Translation adjustment Total comprehensive income Options exercised Treasury Stock Restricted stock grant, net of forfeitures Stock-based compensation Balance, March 31, 2010 Net income (loss) Translation adjustment Total comprehensive income Class B stock converted to Class A stock Deconsolidation of Contineo Repurchase of subsidiary stock options Options exercised Treasury Stock Restricted stock grant, net of forfeitures Stock-based compensation. Balance, March 31, 2011 Comprehensive Income Common Stock Class A Common Stock Class B Additional Paid-in Capital Cumulative Translation Adjustment Accumulated Deficit Treasury Stock Total Stockholders’ Equity $ 567 $ 147 $394,930 $ — — (16,594) — — (1,132) — — (17,726) $ $ 926 $ (302,776) $ (299) $ — (1,132) (16,594) — — — 93,495 (16,594) (1,132) 1 — (29) — 98 — — — — — — (1,605) 99 (1,634) 22 0 — — — 2,192 $ 539 $ 147 $397,242 $ — — 10,327 — — 851 — — 11,178 4 0 — (19) (12) — — 1 — — — 1,529 $ 528 $ 147 $398,756 $ — — 67,936 — — 320 — — 68,256 — — — — — — (206) $ (319,370) $(1,904) $ — 851 10,327 — — — — — — (1,398) — — — — — — — — 645 $ (309,043) $(3,302) $ — 320 67,936 — — — 22 2,192 76,448 10,327 851 4 (1,429) 1 1,529 87,731 67,936 320 1 — (1) — — — (36) — — 2,601 15 — (5) (4) — — 1 — — — 1,021 $ 541 $ 146 $402,337 $ — — — — 253 253 — — (36) — — — 2,616 — — — (561) — (552) — 1 — — — — 1,021 — — 965 $ (240,854) $(3,854) $ 159,281 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. - 41 - Table of Contents WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands) Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2010 2009 2011 Cash flows from operating activities: Net income (loss) Reconciliation of net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: $ 67,936 $10,327 $(16,594) Depreciation and amortization Goodwill impairment Stock-based compensation Exchange (gain) loss (Gain) loss on sale or disposal of fixed assets Restructuring Deferred taxes Minority interest Changes in assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable Inventory Prepaid expenses and other current assets Other assets Deferred revenue Accounts payable and accrued expenses Accrued compensation Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment Proceeds from the sale of equipment Sale (purchase) of investments Acquisition of minority interest Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Borrowing (repayment) of debt and leases payable Purchase of treasury stock Proceeds from stock options exercised Repurchase of subsidiary stock options Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash Net increase (decrease) in cash Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents, end of period Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash paid for interest Cash paid for income taxes, net 2,700 — 1,021 (52) 2 — (54,200) — (6,426) 3,702 1,132 167 (705) 8,522 436 24,235 3,793 — 1,529 (160) 19 609 — — 3,349 (812) 3,249 815 (1,630) (4,308) 726 17,506 5,821 1,381 2,192 234 (63) 966 — 74 (1,780) (2,587) (4,545) (728) 2,377 4,121 (5,573) (14,704) (785) — (490) — (1,275) (948) — — — (948) (2,381) 90 2,602 (3,650) (3,339) — (561) 2,616 (36) 2,019 (43) (1,429) 4 — (1,468) 121 (1,634) 121 — (1,392) 114 25,093 61,315 (254) (19,689) 65,747 $ 86,408 $61,315 $ 46,058 167 15,257 46,058 $ $ 1 $ 874 $ 7 $ 161 $ 17 179 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. - 42 - Table of Contents Note 1. Basis of Presentation: Description of Business WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Westell Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) is a holding company. Its wholly owned subsidiary, Westell, Inc., designs and distributes telecommunications products which are sold primarily to major telephone companies. During December 2008, Conference Plus, Inc. (“ConferencePlus” or “CP”) became a wholly owned subsidiary when the Company purchased the remaining 8.5% minority interest. ConferencePlus provides audio, web and video conferencing services to various customers. Conference Plus Global Services, Ltd. (“CPGS”) is a wholly owned subsidiary of ConferencePlus that provides services similar to ConferencePlus. Noran Tel, Inc., a manufacturer of transmission, power distribution and remote monitoring products, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Westell, Inc. In the first quarter of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2009, the Company decided to cease the operations of Westell Limited, which was a wholly owned subsidiary of Westell, Inc. All employees of the subsidiary have been terminated and the facility has been closed. The results of operations of Westell Limited have been classified as discontinued operations for the year ended March 31, 2009. The fiscal year 2009 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows include discontinued operations. On March 17, 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell certain assets and transfer certain liabilities of the Customer Networking Solutions (“CNS”) segment to NETGEAR, Inc. (“NETGEAR”) for $33.5 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. As a result, the carrying value of those assets and liabilities are presented as held-for-sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2011 (see Note 15 Subsequent Events for additional information). Principles of Consolidation The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. In addition, during fiscal years 2010 and 2009, Contineo Systems, Inc. (“Contineo”) a variable interest entity (“VIE”) was also included in the Consolidated Financial Statements as the Company was then the primary beneficiary. Contineo was deconsolidated effective April 1, 2010 as a result of the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification (“ACS”) topic 810 (see the New Accounting Standards Adopted section of Note 2). The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements, and that affect revenue and expenses during the periods reported. Estimates are used when accounting for the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, net realizable value of inventory, product warranty accrued, relative selling prices, stock-based compensation, depreciation, income taxes, and contingencies, among other things. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In addition, certain reclassification adjustments have been made to historical results to achieve consistency in presentation. Business Acquisitions During December 2008, ConferencePlus became a wholly owned subsidiary when the Company purchased the remaining 8.5% minority interest consisting of 2,398,114 shares for approximately $3.7 million. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) topic 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”), the purchase price of $3.7 million was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. This resulted in a $266,000 intangible asset that will be amortized over a 5 year life and tested for impairment in accordance with ASC topic 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment (“ASC 360”). - 43 - Table of Contents Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies: Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased and include bank deposits and money market funds. Money market funds are accounted for as available-for-sale securities under the requirements of ASC topic 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC 320”). Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash equivalents, short- term investments, and trade receivables. The Company currently invests its excess cash in money market funds and in certificates of deposit that are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The Company’s U.S. bank deposits are fully insured under the FDIC. Earnings per Share The computation of basic net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share includes the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential shares had been issued. In periods with a net loss, all common stock equivalents are excluded from the per share calculation; therefore, the basic loss per share equals the diluted loss per share. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) cost or market value. The components of inventories are as follows: (in thousands) Raw material Finished goods Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory and net realizable value Total inventories Inventories held-for-sale (see Note 15) Inventories net of amounts held-for sale March 31, 2011 $ 9,035 10,127 (1,551) 17,611 (4,656) $12,955 2010 $ 8,106 14,843 (1,691) 21,258 — $21,258 Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets The Company has prepaid and current assets consisting primarily of rebate receivables from vendors, prepaid product royalty, prepaid maintenance agreements and prepaid rent. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, or for leasehold improvements, the shorter of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful life, as follows: Machinery and equipment Office, computer and research equipment 5-7 years 2-5 years Depreciation expense was $2.0 million, $3.2 million and $3.9 million for fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. In accordance with ASC 360, the Company assesses all of its long-lived assets, including intangibles, for impairment when impairment indicators are identified. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds its undiscounted cash flows, an impairment loss may be necessary. An impairment loss is calculated as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value of the asset. In fiscal year 2009, there was an impairment charge of $68,000 related to the Noran Tel reporting unit in the Outside Plant Systems (“OSP”) segment. No such impairment losses were recorded in fiscal years 2011 or 2010. - 44 - Table of Contents Goodwill and Intangibles The Company accounts for goodwill and other intangibles under ASC topic 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”). ASC 350 requires that these assets be reviewed for impairment at least annually. The Company currently has three reporting units that contain goodwill consisting of Noran Tel, Conference Plus, Inc., and Conference Plus Global Services, Ltd. A two-step approach is required to test goodwill for impairment for each reporting unit. The first step tests for impairment by applying fair value-based tests at the reporting unit level. The second step (if necessary) measures the amount of impairment by applying fair value-based tests to individual assets and liabilities within each reporting unit. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology estimating future cash flow, discount rates, growth rates and other assumptions, as well as, current like-company market transactions. The Company performs its annual impairment test in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year or when an event occurs or circumstances change between annual tests that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying value. The Company did not recognize any impairment loss on goodwill in fiscal years 2011 or 2010. During the third quarter of fiscal 2009, the Company performed an interim impairment test in accordance with ASC 350 due to the adverse economic environment at that time being a potential indicator that goodwill and/or intangibles could be impaired. As a result of the interim test, a charge of approximately $1.4 million was recorded during the quarter ended December 31, 2008 to write down goodwill and intangible assets allocated to the Noran Tel reporting unit, which is included in the OSP segment. No impairment was identified in the annual test performed in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2009. Changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill by reporting units are as follows: Gross Goodwill Accumulated Impairment Currency Translation April 1, 2009 Balance, net Additions Impairment Currency Translation March 31, 2010 Balance, net Additions Impairment Currency Translation March 31, 2011 Balance, net ConferencePlus 1,052 $ — — 1,052 — — — 1,052 — — — 1,052 $ ConferencePlus Global Services 322 $ — — 322 — — — 322 — — — 322 $ NoranTel $ 1,890 (1,381) 126 635 — — 153 788 — — 35 823 $ Westell Inc. $ 9,651 (9,651) — — — — — — — — — $ — Total $ 12,915 (11,032) 126 2,009 — — 153 2,162 — — 35 $ 2,197 On an ongoing basis, the Company reviews intangible assets and other long-lived assets other than goodwill for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that carrying values may not be recoverable. If such events or changes in circumstances occur, the Company will recognize an impairment loss if the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset are less than the carrying value of the related asset. The impairment loss would adjust the asset to its implied fair value. Goodwill decreased by $1.3 million during fiscal year 2009. This decrease was due to a $1.4 million impairment charge in the Noran Tel reporting unit in the OSP segment, noted above, and foreign currency changes. As of March 31, 2011, the Company had a total of $2.2 million of goodwill, of which $1.4 million was included in the ConferencePlus segment and $0.8 million was included in the OSP segment. The Company has finite and infinite-lived intangible assets related to its acquisitions. - 45 - Table of Contents The following table presents details of the Company’s intangibles from acquisitions: (in thousands) Gross intangible assets Accumulated amortization Foreign currency fluctuation Impairment Net March 31, 2011 $ 39,062 (12,017) 296 (23,868) $ 3,473 2010 $ 39,062 (11,361) 230 (23,868) $ 4,063 These finite-lived intangibles are being amortized over periods of 3 to 12 years. Finite-lived intangible amortization expense was $0.7 million, $0.6 million and $1.9 million in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The following is the expected future amortization by fiscal year: Intangible amortization expense Net carrying amounts of intangible assets are as follows: 2012 2014 $619 $597 $579 $543 $447 $ 2016 2013 2015 thereafter 325 (in thousands) Finite-lived intangible assets: Product technology Customer relationships Total finite-lived intangible assets, net (1) (1) Infinite-lived intangible assets: Trade Name Total intangible assets (2) (1) Change due to amortization and change in foreign currency exchange rate. (2) Change due to change in foreign currency exchange rate. Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue March 31, 2011 2010 $ 596 2,514 $3,110 $ 745 2,971 $3,716 363 $3,473 347 $4,063 Revenue recognition on equipment where software is incidental to the product as a whole or where software is essential to the equipment’s functionality and falls under software accounting scope exceptions generally occurs when products are shipped, risk of loss has transferred to the customer, objective evidence exists that customer acceptance provisions have been met, no significant obligations remain, collection is reasonably assured and warranty can be estimated. Where multiple element arrangements exist, fair value of each element is established using the relative selling price method, which requires the Company to use vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”), reliable third-party objective evidence (“TPE”) or management’s best estimate of selling price, in that order. The Company’s UltraLine Series3 products are sold primarily to a single customer with contractual provisions that include specified future software enhancements and post customer support (“PCS”) to maintain ongoing interoperability within the customer’s network. The Company was not able to establish VSOE or TPE for the specified future software enhancements and therefore relied on management’s estimates of fair value for each of the multiple elements in the arrangement. Revenue is deferred for undelivered elements and recorded when delivery occurs. The Company’s product return policy allows customers to return unused equipment for partial credit if the equipment is non-custom product, is returned within specified time limits, and is currently being manufactured and sold. Credit is not offered on returned products that are no longer manufactured and sold. The Company’s reserve for returns is not significant. - 46 - Table of Contents The Company’s ConferencePlus segment recognizes revenue for conference calls and other services upon completion of the conference call or services. The Company records revenue net of taxes in accordance with ASC topic 605, Revenue Recognition (“ASC 605”). Shipping and Handling The Company recorded costs related to shipping and handling expense of $1.0 million, $1.0 million and $1.3 million in sales and marketing expense for the fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Product Warranties Most of the Company’s products carry a limited warranty ranging from one to three years for CNS products and up to seven years for OSP products. The Company accrues for estimated warranty costs as products are shipped. See Note 6 for further discussion of the Company’s product warranties. Research and Development Costs Engineering and product research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Stock-based Compensation The Company applies ASC topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”), to account for stock-based compensation. ASC 718 requires all employee share-based payments be measured at fair value on the award’s grant date and be recognized in the financial statements over the requisite service period. See Note 8 for further discussion of the Company’s share-based compensation plans. Fair Value Measurements The Company accounts for the fair value of assets and liabilities in accordance with ASC topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). ASC 820 defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring fair value as required by other accounting pronouncements. See Note 13 for further discussion of the Company’s fair value measurements. Foreign Currency Translation The financial position and the results of operations of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are measured using local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the end of each period. Income statement accounts are translated at the average rate of exchange prevailing during the period. Translation adjustments arising from differences in exchange rates from period to period are included in the foreign currency translation adjustment account in stockholders’ equity. The Company records transaction gains (losses) for fluctuations on foreign currency rates on accounts receivable, cash and on intercompany accounts anticipated by management to be settled in the foreseeable future within the Other income (expense), net line on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of ASC topic 740, Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 requires an asset and liability based approach in accounting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recorded based on the differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, applying enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the year in which the tax differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided against deferred tax assets, which are not likely to be realized. On a regular basis, management evaluates the recoverability of deferred tax assets and the need for a valuation allowance. See Note 4 for further discussion of the Company’s income taxes. - 47 - Table of Contents New Accounting Standards Adopted In February 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2010-10, Consolidations (Topic 810): Amendments for Certain Investment Funds and in December 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-17, Consolidations (Topic 810): Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities. These ASU’s amend the VIE guidance of ASC 810 (see effective date below). Effective April 1, 2010, the Company adopted the new VIE guidance of ASC 810. This guidance amends FIN 46(R), as codified in ASC 810 to require the Company to perform an analysis of existing investments to determine whether variable interest or interests give the Company a controlling financial interest in a VIE. This analysis identifies the primary beneficiary of a VIE as the enterprise that has both the power to direct the activities of significant impact on a VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. It also amends ASC 810 to require ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. As a result of adoption, the Company is no longer considered the primary beneficiary of Contineo, a VIE for which the Company prior to adoption was considered the primary beneficiary and which required the financial performance of Contineo to be consolidated in the Company’s financial statements in fiscal years 2010 and 2009. Because the Company is no longer considered the primary beneficiary, the Company is no longer required to consolidate Contineo in its financial statements effective April 1, 2010. As a result of the adoption of the new VIE guidance in ASC 810, the Company recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment to increase retained earnings by $0.3 million. This adjustment represents the difference between the cumulative net losses of $2.8 million previously recorded through the consolidation of Contineo and the Company’s $2.5 million investment. The Company’s equity value of the Contineo investment recorded on the Company’s books as of March 31, 2011 is $0. New Accounting Pronouncements In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS. These amendments in this update generally represent clarifications of ASC 820, but also include some instances where a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or disclosing information about fair value measurements has changed. This update results in common principles and requirements for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements in accordance with U.S. GAAP and IFRS. The amendments in this update are to be applied prospectively. The amendments are effective for the Company during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company is currently evaluating this pronouncement, but does not anticipate adoption to have a material impact to the Company’s financial statements. Note 3. Revolving Credit Agreements and Debt: The Company entered into a revolving credit agreement with The Private Bank and Trust Company dated as of March 5, 2009 (the “Credit Agreement”) and subsequently entered into amendments to its Credit Agreement to extend the maturity date to March 31, 2012 and amended certain other provisions. The Credit Agreement is an asset-based revolving credit facility in an amount up to $12.0 million based on 80% of eligible accounts receivable plus the lesser of 30% of eligible inventory or $3.0 million. The obligations of the Company under the Credit Agreement are secured by a guaranty from certain direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries of the Company, and by substantially all of the assets of the Company. The revolving loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the greater of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus a spread of 2.25%, or an alternative base rate. The alternative base rate is the greater of prime rate or the Federal Funds rate (the “Base Rate”). The Company is also required to pay a non-use fee of 0.2% per annum on the unused portion of the revolving loans. These fees are waived if the Company maintains with the lender an average monthly non-interest bearing account balance of $5.0 million and an average monthly balance of $15.0 million consisting of other investments. The Company maintained such balances since entering the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement contains financial covenants that include a minimum EBITDA, a minimum tangible net worth and a limitation on capital expenditures for any fiscal year. The Company was in compliance with these covenants on March 31, 2011. As of March 31, 2011, the Company had $12.0 million available under the Credit Agreement with no borrowings. - 48 - Table of Contents In addition, although the Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its common stock and does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future, the Company’s credit facility restricts the Company’s ability to pay dividends without bank approval. Note 4. Income Taxes: The income tax expense (benefit) charged to net income are summarized as follows: (in thousands) Federal: Current Deferred State: Current Deferred Foreign: Current Deferred Total Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2011 2010 2009 848 $ (53,876) (53,028) (98) (287) (385) 199 (37) 162 $(589) — (589) (156) — (156) 187 — 187 $— — — 159 — 159 (82) — (82) $(53,251) $(558) $ 77 The statutory federal income tax rate is reconciled to the Company’s effective income tax rates below: Statutory federal income tax rate Meals and entertainment State income tax, net of federal tax effect Valuation allowance Domestic income taxes on foreign earnings Deferred tax adjustments Contingent tax reserves Other - 49 - Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2011 35.0 % 0.2 3.7 (413.5) 7.4 9.8 (3.2) (2.0) (362.6)% 2010 35.0 % 0.3 2.4 (38.9) — — (3.0) (1.5) (5.7)% 2009 35.0 % (0.3) (0.7) (33.1) — — (0.3) (1.1) (0.5)% Table of Contents Components of the net deferred income tax asset are as follows: (in thousands) Deferred income tax assets: Allowance for doubtful accounts Alternative minimum tax credit Research and development credit carryforward Compensation accruals Inventory reserves Warranty reserve Net operating loss carryforward Intangibles Other, including deferred tax liabilities Valuation allowance Net deferred income tax asset Classified in Consolidated Balance Sheet as follows: (in thousands) Deferred income tax assets Deferred income tax liability – included in other long-term liabilities Net deferred income tax asset March 31, 2011 2010 $ 44 1,453 4,150 2,156 609 281 48,921 1,079 1,724 60,417 (527) $59,890 $ 26 1,180 3,885 2,882 641 148 54,304 1,445 2,459 66,970 (61,297) $ 5,673 March 31, 2011 $60,165 (275) $59,890 2010 $5,985 (312) $5,673 In addition to the deferred tax assets listed in the table above, the Company has $238,000 of unrecorded tax benefit at March 31, 2011, primarily attributable to the difference between the amount of the financial statement expense and the allowable tax deduction for stock issued under the Company’s stock compensation plans. Although not recognized for financial reporting purposes, this unrecognized tax benefit is available to reduce future income and is incorporated into the Company’s federal and state NOL carry forwards, which are discussed below. The Company utilizes the liability method of accounting for income taxes and deferred taxes are determined based on the differences between the financial statements and tax basis of assets and liabilities given the provisions of the enacted tax laws. The Company evaluates the need for valuation allowances on the net deferred tax assets under the rules of ASC 740 Income Taxes. In assessing the realizability of the deferred tax assets, the Company considered whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized through the generation of future taxable income. In making this determination, the Company assessed all of the evidence available at the time including recent earnings, the forecasted income projections, and historical losses. In fiscal year 2011, after considering both the positive and negative evidence including improved financial performance, expected future taxable income, the exit of a three-year cumulative loss, and the anticipated sale of the majority of its CNS business for an estimated $32 million tax gain, the Company concluded that it was more likely than not that it would be able to utilize the majority of its deferred tax assets. Prior to fiscal year 2011, a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets was recorded. As a result of this change in assessment of realizability of deferred tax assets and current year income, the valuation allowance was reduced by $60.8 million. The Company has approximately $5.6 million in tax credit carryforwards and a $125.9 million federal net operating loss carryforward that is available to offset taxable income in the future. The tax credit carryforwards will begin to expire in fiscal year 2012. The federal net operating loss carryforward begins to expire in fiscal year 2020. State net operating loss carryforwards of $4.8 million have varying carryforward periods from five to twenty years. The remaining $0.5 million of valuation allowance as of March 31, 2011 relates to state operating loss carryforwards that are expected to expire prior to utilization. The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes under FASB Interpretation 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an interpretation of FASB Statement 109, as codified in ASC 740, which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. - 50 - Table of Contents A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits for fiscal years 2010 and 2011 is as follows: (amounts in thousands) Unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2009 Additions based on positions related to fiscal year 2010 Additions for tax positions of years prior to fiscal year 2010 Reductions for tax positions of years prior to fiscal year 2010 Reductions as a result of expirations of applicable statutes of limitations Settlements Unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2010 Reductions based on positions related to fiscal year 2011 Additions for tax positions of years prior to fiscal year 2011 Reductions for tax positions of years prior to fiscal year 2011 Reductions as a result of expirations of applicable statutes of limitations Settlements Unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2011 $ 7,616 88 22 — (1,054) — $ 6,672 — 265 — (598) (80) $ 6,259 The unrecognized tax benefits are presented in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. If the unrecognized tax benefit balances at March 31, 2011 and 2010 were recognized, it would affect the effective tax rate. During fiscal year 2011, $395,000 of unrecognized tax benefits was recognized as income, as the potential exposures related to these liabilities expired. In addition, a liability previously recorded as $88,000 relating to a newly identified uncertain position was recorded in fiscal year 2010 was reduced to $9,000 because it will be settled during fiscal year 2012. During fiscal year 2010, $352,000 of uncertain positions plus $51,000 of previously anticipated interest expense relating to this liability were reversed and recognized as income because the statute of limitations expired on this potential exposure. This resulted in a $592,000 reduction of unrecognized tax benefits and a $189,000 reduction of a corresponding tax receivable. Approximately $140,000 of unrecognized tax benefits and the related deferred tax asset is anticipated to expire unused in the next year. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. The Company accrued $0 and $65,000 for the potential payment of interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company files its tax returns as prescribed by the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which it operates. The major jurisdictions subject to examination by the relevant taxable authorities and open tax years are as follows: Jurisdiction U.S. Federal U.S. State Foreign Note 5. Commitments and Contingencies: Obligations Open Tax Years 2000-2011 2001-2011 2006-2011 The Company leases a 185,000 square foot corporate facility in Aurora, Illinois, to house CNS and OSP product distribution, engineering, sales, marketing and administration pursuant to a lease that originated in 1997 and runs through September 2017. The rental payments are currently $2.0 million a year and increase 2% every other year. The ConferencePlus segment leases approximately 42,000 square feet of office space in Schaumburg, Illinois, pursuant to a lease that was extended two years to run through July 2013. The Company also has commitments to lease other facilities in Canada and Ireland. All of the leases require the Company to pay utilities, insurance and real estate taxes on the facilities. Total rent expense was $3.3 million, $3.2 million and $4.5 million for fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. In addition, the Company has leases for office equipment. In fiscal year 2009, - 51 - Table of Contents the Company recorded a $925,000 non-cash charge to correct an error in the Company’s accounting treatment related to the lease of its corporate headquarters and distribution facility. In accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin 88-1, Issues Related to Accounting of Leases, as codified in ASC topic 840, Leases (“ASC 840”) the Company recorded a long-term deferred lease liability of $761,000 and $835,000 presented in other long-term liabilities and a short-term deferred lease liability of $74,000 and $55,000 presented in accrued expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, to account for uneven rental payments. Future obligations and commitments as of March 31, 2011 consisted of the following: (in thousands) Purchase obligations* Future minimum lease payments for operating leases Future obligations and commitments 2012 2013 Payments due by fiscal year 2015 2014 2016 Thereafter Total $32,341 $3,060 $2,249 $ — $ — $ — $37,650 15,874 2,139 $35,152 $5,708 $4,549 $2,139 $2,160 $ 3,816 $53,524 3,816 2,811 2,648 2,300 2,160 * Purchase obligations consist of materials in the CNS and OSP segments and local and long distance telephone service commitments in the ConferencePlus segment that arise in the normal course of business operations. On March 17, 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell substantially all of the assets and transfer certain liabilities of the CNS division, other than certain retained business and Homecloud, to NETGEAR, Inc. for $33.5 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. The sale was completed on April 15, 2011. Certain purchase obligations in the amount of $12.3 million were assigned to NETGEAR upon completion of the sale. In addition, the Company entered into an agreement with NETGEAR to sublease a portion of the Aurora facility for a minimum period of six months. (See Note 15 Subsequent Events). Litigation The Company and its subsidiaries are involved in various assertions, claims, proceedings and requests for indemnification concerning intellectual property, including patent infringement suits involving technologies that are incorporated in the Company’s products, which are being handled and defended in the ordinary course of business. These matters are in various stages of investigation and litigation, and are being vigorously defended. Although the Company does not expect that the outcome in any of these matters, individually or collectively, will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations, litigation is inherently unpredictable. Therefore, judgments could be rendered or settlements entered, that could adversely affect the Company’s operating results or cash flows in a particular period. The Company routinely assesses all of its litigation and threatened litigation as to the probability of ultimately incurring a liability, and records its best estimate of the ultimate loss in situations where it assesses the likelihood of loss as probable. The Company has not recorded any contingent liability attributable to existing litigations. Wi-LAN Inc. v. Westell Technologies, Inc. et al. In October 2007, Wi-LAN Inc. (“Wi-LAN”), a patent-holding company existing under the laws of Canada, filed two complaints against the Company, amongst other defendants, in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Marshall Division. In the complaint, Wi- LAN alleges that certain of the Company’s products infringe U.S. patent numbers 5,282,222 and RE37,802. Wi-LAN sought monetary damages and other relief. In February 2011, the Company settled the lawsuit with the plaintiff. The settlement agreement is not material to the Company and concludes the lawsuit. As a result of an ongoing vendor dispute in the ConferencePlus segment a $0.7 million loss contingency reserve was recorded in cost of services in fiscal year 2009. The Company applies ASC topic 450, Contingencies (“ASC 450”) in assessing the need for a reserve and concluded that this loss was both probable and estimable. The $0.7 million contingency reserve is classified in accrued expenses as a current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2010. In April 2010, a settlement agreement was reached for the amount recorded as of March 31, 2010 and the Company paid the entire $0.7 million as part of the settlement in the first quarter of fiscal year 2011. - 52 - Table of Contents Note 6. Product Warranties: Most of the Company’s products carry a limited warranty ranging from one to three years for CNS products and up to seven years for OSP products. The specific terms and conditions of those warranties vary depending upon the customer and the product sold. Factors that enter into the estimate of the Company’s warranty reserve include: the number of units shipped historically, anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liability and adjusts the reserve as necessary. In fiscal year 2011, the Company modified its policy of replacing CNS segment product to repairing product. The change resulted in a reduction of cost per claim previously accrued. In addition, the actual number of CNS segment units that were serviced under warranty decreased in fiscal year 2011 resulting in lower anticipated rates for future warranty claims. The impact of those changes resulted in a change in estimate and a lower warranty reserve. The change in estimate is shown as a credit in warranty expense in the table below. The current portions of the warranty reserve were $239,000 and $433,000 as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively and are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as accrued expenses. The long-term portions of the warranty reserve were $325,000 and $830,000 as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as other long-term liabilities. The following table presents the changes in our product warranty reserve: (in thousands) Total product warranty reserve at the beginning of the period Warranty expense (reversal) Utilization Total product warranty reserve at the end of the period Warranty reserve held-for-sale (see Note 15) Product warranty reserve net of amounts held-for-sale Note 7. Capital Stock and Stock Restriction Agreements: Capital Stock Activity Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2010 $1,072 899 (708) 1,263 — $1,263 2011 $1,263 (223) (282) 758 (194) $ 564 2009 $ 932 562 (422) 1,072 — $1,072 The Board of Directors has the authority to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series, without any further vote or action by stockholders. Share Repurchase Program In March 2008, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program whereby the Company may repurchase up to an aggregate of $10.0 million of its outstanding common shares. During fiscal years 2010 and 2009, 1,252,861 and 2,897,320 shares, respectively, were repurchased under this program with a weighted-average per share purchase price of $1.13 and $ 0.56, respectively. On March 3, 2010, the scheduled expiration date of this program, the unused availability of $6,903,115 expired unused. In February 2010, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program whereby the Company may repurchase up to an aggregate of $10.0 million of its outstanding Class A Common Shares. During fiscal year 2011, 356,064 shares were repurchased under this program with a weighted-average per share price of $1.56. There is $9.4 million remaining for additional treasury stock purchases under this program as of March 31, 2011. - 53 - Table of Contents Stock Restriction Agreements The members of the Penny family (principal stockholders) have a Stock Transfer Restriction Agreement which prohibits, with limited exceptions, such members from transferring their Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock acquired prior to November 30, 1995, without first offering such stock to the other members of the Penny family. If converted, Class B stock converts on a one-for-one basis into shares of Class A Common Stock upon a transfer. As of March 31, 2011, a total of 14,555,815 shares of Class B Common Stock are subject to this Stock Transfer Restriction Agreement. Voting Rights The Company’s Common Stock is divided into two classes. Class A Common Stock is entitled to one vote per share while Class B Common Stock is entitled to four votes per share. As of May 13, 2011, as trustees of a voting trust, dated February 23, 1994 (the “Voting Trust”), containing common stock held for the benefit of the Penny family, Robert C. Penny III and Robert W. Foskett have the exclusive power to vote over 48.0% of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of our common stock. Certain Penny family members also own, or are beneficiaries of trusts, that own shares outside of the Voting Trust. As trustees of the Voting Trust and other trusts, Messrs. Penny and Foskett control 51.6% of the voting power of the Company’s outstanding stock and therefore effectively control the Company. On May 31, 2011, the Company purchased 1,000,000 shares from the Penny family (see note 15 Subsequent Events for additional information). Shares Issued and Outstanding The following table summarizes Common Stock transactions for fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011: (in thousands) Balance, March 31, 2008 Options exercised Shares sold under Employee Stock Purchase Plan Purchase of Treasury Stock Restricted stock forfeiture Balance, March 31, 2009 Options exercised Purchase of Treasury Stock Restricted stock grant, net of forfeitures Balance, March 31, 2010 Options exercised Class B converted to Class A Purchase of Treasury Stock Restricted stock grant, net of forfeitures Common Shares Issued and Outstanding Class A 56,696 78 19 (2,897) (34) 53,862 15 (1,253) 138 52,762 1,540 138 (356) 90 Class B 14,694 — — — — 14,694 — — — 14,694 — (138) — — Treasury (123) — — (2,897) — (3,020) — (1,253) — (4,273) — — (356) — Balance, March 31, 2011 54,174 14,556 (4,629) Note 8. Stock-based Compensation: The Company applies ASC 718, to account for employee stock-based compensation. ASC 718 requires all employee share-based payments be measured at fair value on the award’s grant date. ASC 718 also requires the recognition of stock-based compensation in the financial statements for the number of awards that are expected to vest over the requisite service period. The estimated forfeiture rate will be reassessed in subsequent periods and may change based on new facts and circumstances. Employee Stock Incentive Plans In September 2010, stockholders approved the amended and restatement of the Westell Technologies, Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2004 SIP Plan”) that permits the issuance of restricted Class A Common Stock, nonqualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and performance stock units share awards to selected officers, employees, and non-employee directors of the Company. There are a total of 5,156,030 shares available for issuance under this plan as of March 31, 2011. - 54 - Table of Contents Stock-Based Compensation Expense Total stock-based compensation is reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations as follows: (in thousands) Cost of equipment revenues Cost of services Sales and marketing Research and development General and administrative Stock-based compensation expense Income tax benefit Total stock-based compensation expense after taxes Fiscal Year Ended March 31 $ 2011 50 20 296 103 552 1,021 398 $ 623 $ 2010 77 5 365 101 981 1,529 — $1,529 $ 2009 88 29 315 136 1,624 2,192 — $2,192 Stock Options Typically, stock options granted by the Company have an exercise price that is equal to the reported value of the Company’s stock on the grant date. Options usually vest annually from the date of grant over a period of four or five years. The Company’s options have a contractual term of 7 or 10 years. Compensation expense is recognized ratably over the vesting period. Certain options provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the 2004 SIP Plan) or when provided within individual employment contracts. The Company uses the Black-Scholes model to estimate the fair value of employee stock options on the date of grant. That model employs parameters for which the Company has made estimates according to the assumptions noted below. Expected volatilities were based on historical volatilities of the Company’s stock. The expected option lives were derived from the output of the options valuation model and represent the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding based on historical trends. The risk-free interest rates were based on the United States Treasury yield curve for the same term as the expected term in effect at the time of grant. The dividend yield was based on expected dividends at the time of grant. The Company recorded expense of $0.4 million, $1.4 million, and $0.6 million in the twelve months ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, related to stock options. During January 2010, the Company identified a $0.7 million error in the calculation of stock- based compensation expense for the prior year periods. The Company’s legacy third-party equity accounting software incorrectly calculated award forfeitures used in determining stock-based compensation expense that resulted in an understatement of stock-based compensation expense in certain periods prior to the grant’s final vesting date. The correction of the error during the third quarter of fiscal year 2010 resulted in changes to the timing of stock-based compensation expense over the vesting period of the awards during the relevant periods, but did not change the cumulative stock-based compensation expense related to those awards over time, as forfeitures are ultimately recorded to reflect the compensation expense for only those options that actually vest. Because stock-based compensation expense is a non-cash item, there was no impact to net cash provided by operations in any period. The cumulative impact of the $0.7 million prior-years error is included as additional expense in the general and administrative expense line on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations in fiscal year 2010. In fiscal year 2011, the Company implemented a new third-party equity accounting software solution. Cash received from option exercises for the years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were approximately $2.6 million, $0, and $0.1 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, was $892,000, $17,000, and $32,000, respectively. - 55 - Table of Contents Option activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2011 is as follows: Outstanding on March 31, 2010 Granted Exercised Forfeited Expired Outstanding on March 31, 2011 Vested or expected to vest as of March 31, 2011 Exercisable on March 31, 2011 Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share 3.52 1.89 1.70 2.13 8.64 2.48 2.49 3.04 Shares 6,496,510 87,000 (1,540,078) (41,540) (1,284,980) 3,716,912 3,685,773 2,348,945 Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years) 3.2 Aggregate Intrinsic Value(a) (in thousands) 948 $ 3.7 3.7 3.2 $ $ $ 5,221 5,177 2,577 (a) The intrinsic value for the stock options is calculated based on the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the average of the high and low Westell Technologies’ stock price as of the reporting date. As of March 31, 2011, there was $0.8 million of pre-tax stock option compensation expense related to non-vested awards not yet recognized, including estimated forfeitures, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.75 years. The fair value of each option was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: Input assumptions: Expected volatility Risk-free interest rate Expected life Expected dividend yield Output weighted-average-grant-date fair value The Company issues new shares of stock when stock options are exercised. Restricted Stock 2011 Fiscal Year Ended March 31 2010 2009 71% 1.6% 5 years 0.0% 1.12 $ 65% 1.8% 5 years 0.0% 0.20 $ 57% 2.8% 5 years 0.0% 0.61 $ Vesting of restricted stock is subject to continued employment with the Company. During fiscal years 2011 and 2010, non-employee directors received grants of 90,000 and 180,000 shares, respectively, that each vest 25% over four years. There were no restricted stock grants in fiscal year 2009. The Company recognizes compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods of the awards based on the market value of Westell Technologies stock on the date of grant adjusted for estimated forfeitures. - 56 - Table of Contents The following table sets forth restricted stock activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2011: Non-vested as of March 31, 2010 Granted Vested Forfeited Non-vested as of March 31, 2011 Shares 140,000 90,000 (60,000) — 170,000 Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value $ $ 0.62 1.85 0.67 — 1.25 The Company recorded $0.1 million, $0.1 million, and $1.2 million of expense in the twelve months ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, related to restricted stock. As of March 31, 2011, there was $0.2 million of pre-tax unrecognized compensation expense, including estimated forfeitures, related to non-vested restricted stock, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.2 years. The fiscal year 2009 restricted stock expense was higher than fiscal years 2011 and 2010 expense as it included stock-based compensation due to accelerating vesting of a single award in July 2008, per the terms of the original agreement, when the holder, a former CEO, was no longer employed by the Company. Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) and Performance Stock Units (“PSUs”) In April 2010, the Compensation Committee granted 620,000 RSUs and 620,000 PSUs to certain executives. The RSUs vest in equal installments over the first four anniversary dates from April 1, 2010. The PSUs are performance-based units under which 0 to 868,000 shares of Class A Common Stock could ultimately be earned, depending on actual fiscal 2011 results in relation to an established performance target. The Class A Common Stock earned from the performance-based units are also subject to further time-based vesting restrictions with 25% of the actual shares earned vesting upon determination of the fiscal year 2011 financial performance with the remaining 75% vesting in equal installments annually beginning April 1, 2012 and for each of the following two years. In accordance with ASC 718, these awards are treated as equity awards and the Company records expense for the performance units based on estimated achievement of the performance goals. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $0.5 million for RSUs and PSUs in fiscal year 2011. There was no RSU or PSU expense in fiscal years 2010 or 2009. As of March 31, 2011, there was approximately $1.5 million of pre-tax unrecognized compensation expense, including estimated forfeitures, related to the RSUs and PSUs which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.0 years. The following table sets forth the RSU activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2011: Non-vested as of March 31, 2010 Granted Vested Forfeited Non-vested as of March 31, 2011 Shares — 620,000 — (15,000) 605,000 The following table sets forth the PSU activity for the twelve months ended March 31, 2011: Non-vested as of March 31, 2010 Granted Vested Forfeited Non-vested as of March 31, 2011 Shares — 620,000 — (15,000) 605,000 - 57 - Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value $ $ — 1.43 — 1.43 1.43 Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value $ $ — 1.43 — 1.43 1.43 Table of Contents Non-qualified Non-public Subsidiary Stock Options The Company’s ConferencePlus subsidiary has a stock option plan for the purchase of ConferencePlus stock. There are 2,679,245 shares reserved for issuance under this plan. Stock options granted under this plan have an exercise price that is equal to the calculated value of ConferencePlus stock on the grant date based on a discounted cash flow valuation method and a contractual term of 10 years. Typically, options vest on the fifth anniversary of the options grant date and compensation is expensed ratably over that period. Per the original terms of the option awards, acceleration of vesting may occur due to the following events: an initial public offering, a spin off, or a change in control of ConferencePlus. There were no options granted in fiscal years 2011 or 2010. The options granted in fiscal year 2009 were to replace options that expired during the year. The fiscal year 2009 options were issued with exercise price equal to the exercise price of the expiring options and with immediate vesting. The expense for this grant was therefore recognized immediately. ConferencePlus uses the Black-Scholes model to estimate the calculated value of employee stock options on the date of grant. That model employs parameters for which the Company has made estimates according to the assumptions noted below. Because ConferencePlus stock is not traded on an exchange nor does it have an internal market for its shares, expected volatilities were based on historical stock volatilities for comparable public companies stock for a period of time comparable to the expected term of the options. The expected option lives were derived from the output of the options valuation model and represent the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding which is estimated based on historical information. The risk-free interest rates were based on the United States Treasury yield curve for the same term as the expected term in effect at the time of grant. The dividend yield was based on expected dividends at the time of grant. During fiscal year 2011, the Company initiated a cash tender offer for certain ConferencePlus employee stock options. Pursuant to the tender offer, employees tendered for purchase 732,191 options, and the Company accepted for purchase all such options. As a result, the Company paid an aggregate of $36,000 to the participating employees and incurred equity-based compensation expense of $63,000 related to the remaining unamortized equity-based compensation expense associated with the options tendered in the offer and to any amounts paid in excess of fair value. The Company recorded expense of $63,000, $15,000, and $466,000 in the twelve months ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, related to these stock options. The option activity for the year ended March 31, 2011 is as follows: Outstanding on March 31, 2010 Granted Exercised Forfeited Expired Outstanding on March 31, 2011 Vested or expected to vest as of March 31, 2011 Exercisable on March 31, 2011 Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share 1.58 — 1.78 1.70 1.73 1.31 1.31 1.30 Shares 1,293,807 — (732,191) (1,500) (26,876) 534,740 534,740 520,490 Weighted Average- Remaining Contractual Term (in years) 5.0 Aggregate Intrinsic Value(a) (in thousands) 26 $ 6.2 6.2 6.2 $ $ $ — — — (a) The intrinsic value for the stock options is calculated based on the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the estimated fair value of the CPI stock as of the reporting date. As of March 31, 2011, the Company has fully recognized the expense related to these outstanding options. There were no options grants in fiscal years 2011 and 2010 under this plan. - 58 - Table of Contents The calculated value of each option was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for fiscal year 2009. Inputs assumptions: Expected volatility Risk-free interest rate Expected life Expected dividend yield Output weighted-average-grant date fair value Fiscal Year Ended March 31 2009 58% 2.1% 7 years 0.0% 0.99 $ Note 9. Benefit Plan: The Company sponsors a 401(k) benefit plan (the “Plan”) which covers substantially all of its domestic employees. The Plan is a salary reduction plan that allows employees to defer up to 100% of wages subject to Internal Revenue Service limits. The Plan also allows for Company discretionary and matching contributions. In February 2009, the Company eliminated matching contributions. From January 2008 through January 2009, the matching contribution percentage made by the Company was 100% of participants’ contributions up to 4%. Participants were immediately vested in the matching contributions. Matching contribution expense in fiscal year 2009 was approximately $0.8 million. There was no matching contribution expense in fiscal years 2011 and 2010. Note 10. Note Payable Guarantee: In fiscal year 2005, the Company sold its Data Station Termination product lines and specified fixed assets to Enginuity Communications Corporation (“Enginuity”). The Company provided an unconditional guarantee relating to a 10-year term note payable by Enginuity to a third-party lender that financed the transaction (the “Enginuity Note”). The Enginuity Note had an unpaid balance of $0.7 million and $0.9 million as of March 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Certain owners of Enginuity personally guaranteed the note and pledged assets as collateral. These personal guarantees will stay in place until the note is paid in full, as will the Company’s. Under the Company’s guarantee, the Company must pay all amounts due under the note payable upon demand from the lender; however, the Company would have recourse against the assets of Enginuity, the personal guarantees, and pledged assets. The Company evaluated ASC 810 and concluded that Enginuity is a VIE as a result of the debt guarantee. The Company is not considered the primary beneficiary of the VIE and consolidation therefore is not required. At the time of the product sale, the Company assessed its obligation under this guarantee pursuant to the provisions of FIN 45, Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, as codified in ASC topic 460, Guarantees (“ASC 460”), and recorded a $0.3 million liability for the value of the guarantee. The Company evaluates the fair value of the liability based on Enginuity’s operating performance and the current status of the guaranteed debt obligation. The balance of the liability is $0.1 million as of March 31, 2011 and 2010. The liability is classified as a current liability in accrued expenses in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Note 11. Segment and Related Information: CNS: The Company’s CNS family of broadband products enables high-speed routing and networking of voice, data, video, and other advanced services in the home. The products allow service providers to deliver services, content, and applications over existing copper, fiber, coax, and wireless infrastructures. Westell CNS products are typically installed in consumer residences or small businesses as a key component of broadband service packages. Subsequent to the end of fiscal year 2011, the Company sold certain assets and liabilities of the CNS segment to NETGEAR (see Note 15 Subsequent Events for additional information). OSP: The Company’s OSP product family consists of next generation outdoor cabinets, enclosures, power distribution products, edge connectors (fiber, Ethernet and coax), remote monitoring devices, and DS1 and DS3 transmission plugs. These solutions are optimized for cellular backhaul, service delivery to business enterprise and - 59 - Table of Contents smart grid applications. The Company’s OSP segment also provides a value-added customized systems integration service, offering its customers a single source for complete turnkey solutions, reducing time-to-market and expenses incurred through third-party contractors and eliminating the need to design, assemble and test on the job site. Target customers include wireline service providers, wireless service providers, multi-service operators, utility providers and OEMs worldwide. The power distribution and remote monitoring products are designed and provided through the Company’s Noran Tel subsidiary located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. ConferencePlus: The Company’s subsidiary Conference Plus, Inc. provides audio, web and video conferencing services. Businesses and individuals use these services to hold audio, web and video conferences with multiple participants. ConferencePlus sells its services directly to customers, including Fortune 1000 companies, and also serves customers indirectly through its private-label reseller program. Performance of these segments is primarily evaluated utilizing revenue and segment operating income (loss). The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those for Westell Technologies, Inc. described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company defines segment operating income (loss) as gross profit less direct expenses, including direct expenses from research and development expenses, sales and marketing expenses, and general and administrative (“G&A”). Certain operating expenses are allocated between the CNS and OSP segments, including rent, information technology costs, and accounting. Segment operating income (loss) excludes certain unallocated Westell, Inc. G&A costs. Segment information for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 is set forth below: (in thousands) Revenue Gross profit Gross margin Operating expenses: Sales & marketing Research & development General & administrative Goodwill impairment Intangible amortization Restructuring Operating expenses Operating income (loss) Other income (expense), net Interest (expense) Income taxes Net income (loss) Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2011 CNS $89,079 15,885 OSP $58,770 25,667 CP $42,328 20,736 17.8% 43.7% 49.0% Unallocated $ — — — Total $190,177 62,288 32.8% 4,891 7,949 3,365 — 5 — 16,210 (325) — — — $ (325) 5,922 3,825 2,023 — 540 — 12,310 13,357 — — — $13,357 7,411 2,539 5,766 — 111 — 15,827 4,909 — — — $ 4,909 — — 3,235 — — — 3,235 (3,235) (16) (5) 53,251 $ 49,995 18,224 14,313 14,389 — 656 — 47,582 14,706 (16) (5) 53,251 $ 67,936 - 60 - Table of Contents (in thousands) Revenue Gross profit Gross margin Operating expenses: Sales & marketing Research & development General & administrative Goodwill impairment Intangible amortization Restructuring Operating expenses Operating income (loss) Other income (expense), net Interest (expense) Income taxes Net income (loss) (in thousands) Revenue Gross profit Gross margin Operating expenses: Sales & marketing Research & development General & administrative Goodwill impairment Intangible amortization Restructuring Operating expenses Operating income (loss) Other income (expense), net Interest (expense) Income taxes Minority Interest Discontinued operations Net income (loss) Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2010 Unallocated CNS $87,248 14,348 OSP $52,516 23,042 CP $41,721 20,299 16.4% 43.9% 48.7% 5,772 9,024 3,244 — 1 414 18,455 (4,107) — — — $ (4,107) 4,998 2,339 1,998 — 528 46 9,909 13,133 — — — $13,133 7,217 2,245 6,075 — 112 149 15,798 4,501 — — — $ 4,501 CNS $ 84,207 8,142 OSP $56,506 22,808 CP $45,203 20,224 9.7% 40.4% 44.7% 9,464 15,029 3,977 — — 363 28,833 (20,691) — — — — — $(20,691) 5,468 2,604 2,558 1,381 1,823 220 14,054 8,754 — — — — — $ 8,754 9,221 2,221 7,885 — 59 169 19,555 669 — — — — — 669 $ $ — — — — — 3,778 — — — 3,778 (3,778) 25 (5) 558 $ (3,200) $ — — — — — 5,616 — — — 5,616 (5,616) 662 (15) (77) (74) (206) $ (5,326) Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2009 Unallocated Total $181,485 57,689 31.8% 17,987 13,608 15,095 — 641 609 47,940 9,749 25 (5) 558 $ 10,327 Total $185,916 51,174 27.5% 24,153 19,854 20,036 1,381 1,882 752 68,058 (16,884) 662 (15) (77) (74) (206) $ (16,594) Depreciation and amortization (in thousands) CNS depreciation and amortization OSP depreciation and amortization ConferencePlus services depreciation and amortization Total depreciation and amortization - 61 - Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2011 $ 428 809 1,463 $2,700 2010 $1,280 1,023 1,490 $3,793 2009 $1,683 2,393 1,745 $5,821 Table of Contents The CNS and OSP segments use many of the same assets. For internal reporting purposes, the Company does not allocate assets between the CNS and OSP segments and therefore no asset or capital expenditure information by each of these segments is available. Combined CNS and OSP segment information is provided below. Assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents and short- term investments (in thousands) Combined CNS and OSP segments assets ConferencePlus services assets Total assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments March 31, 2011 $104,268 10,221 2010 $50,437 10,082 $114,489 $60,519 Enterprise-wide Information More than 90% of the Company’s revenues were generated in the United States in fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009. Significant Customers and Concentration of Credit The Company is dependent on certain major telephone companies that represent more than 10% of the total revenue. Sales to major customers and successor companies that exceed 10% of total revenue are as follows: Verizon AT&T Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2010 41.6% 13.4% 2011 30.6% 9.3% 2009 44.0% 12.5% Verizon is a customer to the OSP segment and the CNS segment. AT&T is a customer of all three segments. Major telephone companies comprise a significant portion of the Company’s trade receivables. Receivables from major customers that exceed 10% of total accounts receivable balance are as follows: Verizon Century Link Frontier AT&T Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2011 2010 19.8% 10.8% 11.5% 6.5% 19.2% 4.8% — % 15.3% - 62 - Table of Contents Geographic Information The Company’s financial information by geographic area was as follows for the fiscal years ended March 31: (in thousands) 2011 Revenue Operating income Total assets Revenue Operating income Total assets 2010 2009 Revenue Operating income (loss) Total assets Domestic International Total $176,426 13,006 192,457 $169,105 8,562 113,461 $174,485 (15,754) 108,383 $ $ $ 13,751 1,700 8,930 $190,177 14,706 201,387 12,380 1,187 8,373 $181,485 9,749 121,834 11,431 (1,130) 7,181 $185,916 (16,884) 115,564 International identifiable assets, revenues and operating income (loss) are related to Conference Plus Global Services, Ltd., which has locations in Dublin, Ireland and London, England and Noran Tel, Inc. which is located in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Note 12. Restructuring: There were no restructuring expenses in fiscal year 2011. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2010, the Company initiated a cost reduction action that resulted in the termination of approximately 50 employees, consisting of 30 employees primarily in the CNS segment and 20 employees in the ConferencePlus segment. The total cost of this restructuring action was $609,000, of which $414,000, $46,000 and $149,000 was recorded in the CNS, OSP and ConferencePlus segments, respectively. As of March 31, 2010, all of these costs had been paid. In the third quarter of fiscal year 2009, the Company initiated a reduction in force of 20 employees impacting all three operating segments. As a result of these actions, the Company recorded employee termination costs of $808,000 of which $399,000, $240,000 and $169,000 was recorded in the CNS, OSP and ConferencePlus segments, respectively. As of March 31, 2009 approximately $527,000 was paid leaving an unpaid balance of $281,000. As of March 31, 2010, all of these costs had been paid. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, the Company decided to cease the operations of its Westell Limited subsidiary. All employees were terminated and the facility was closed. The Company recorded $214,000 related to severance expense and $277,000 to write down assets in the quarter ended June 30, 2008. As of March 31, 2009, all of these costs had been paid in full. Westell Limited is shown as discontinued operations in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. The fiscal year 2009 restructuring expense also included a reversal of expenses of $56,000 related to a change in estimated severance and outplacement costs associated with a previous restructuring. - 63 - Table of Contents The restructuring charges and their utilization are summarized as follows: (in thousands) Liability at March 31, 2008 Charged Utilized Liability at March 31, 2009 Charged Utilized Liability at March 31, 2010 Employee- related 2,261 977 (2,960) 278 609 (887) $ — Legal, other and facility costs 123 (11) (109) 3 — (3) $ — Total 2,384 966 (3,069) 281 609 (890) $ — Note 13. Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined by ASC 820 as the price that would be received upon selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows: • • • Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Level 2 – Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument. Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. Substantially all of the Company’s financial assets are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company’s money market funds and certificates of deposits are measured using Level 1 and Level 2 inputs, respectively. The note payable guarantee described in Note 10 is measured using Level 3 inputs. The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and their related valuation inputs as of March 31, 2011: (in thousands) Assets: Money market funds Certificates of deposit Liabilities: Guarantee Total Fair Value of Asset or Liability Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Significant Other Observable Assets (Level 1) Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Balance Sheet Classification $ $ $ 30,487 490 $ 30,487 — $ — 490 — — Cash and cash equivalents Short-term investments 66 — — $ 66 Accrued expenses - 64 - Table of Contents The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and their related valuation inputs as of March 31, 2010: (in thousands) Assets: Money markets funds Liabilities: Guarantee Total Fair Value of Asset or Liability Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Significant Other Observable Assets (Level 1) Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Balance Sheet Classification $ $ 19,933 $ 19,933 — — Cash and cash equivalents 100 — — $ 100 Accrued expenses The fair value of money market funds approximates their carrying amounts due to the short-term nature of these financial assets. Note 14. Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited): The following tables present certain financial information for each of the last eight fiscal quarters. The Company believes that the unaudited information regarding each of these quarters is prepared on the same basis as the audited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, all necessary adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) have been included to present fairly the unaudited quarterly results when read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and the Notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K. These quarterly results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results for any future period. The quarterly fluctuations in revenue and gross profit are due primarily to fluctuations in the CNS segment. These fluctuations are due to product mix variances among the ULS3, modem and gateway products, quantity shipped and generally declining sales prices. The third fiscal quarter ending December 31 contains seasonality effects in both the OSP and ConferencePlus segments. The OSP segment sells equipment that is installed outdoors and the ordering of such equipment declines during and in advance of the colder months. The ConferencePlus segment revenue is impacted by the number of working days in a quarter and quarters with a higher number of holidays generally have lower revenue compared to other quarters. (in thousands, except per share amounts) Revenue Gross profit Operating expenses Income taxes Net income Net income per common share: Basic Diluted June 30, 2010 Sept. 30, 2010 Dec. 31, 2010 Mar. 31, 2011 Fiscal Year 2011 Quarter Ended $ $ $ 41,258 15,615 11,538 473 4,602 0.07 0.07 $ $ $ 51,068 16,478 11,547 (138) 4,763 $ 48,267 14,833 11,842 (26) 2,937 0.07 0.07 $ $ 0.04 0.04 $ $ $ 49,584 15,362 12,655 52,942 55,634 0.81 0.79 Operating expenses in fiscal year 2011 included the following items: the March 31, 2011 quarter included $0.5 million related to the sale of certain assets of the CNS business to NETGEAR, which closed April 15, 2011 and $0.5 million for the defense and settlement costs of a patent infringement claim. The March 31, 2011 quarter included the release of substantially all of the valuation allowance previously provided against deferred tax assets. - 65 - Table of Contents (in thousands, except per share amounts) Revenue Gross profit Operating expenses Income taxes Net income Net income per common share: Basic Diluted June 30, 2009 Sept. 30, 2009 Dec. 31, 2009 Mar. 31, 2010 Fiscal Year 2010 Quarter Ended $ $ $ 53,513 15,207 13,163 (155) 1,978 0.03 0.03 $ $ $ 47,353 14,572 11,588 (75) 2,887 $ 42,796 13,771 11,704 673 2,736 0.04 0.04 $ $ 0.04 0.04 $ $ $ 37,823 14,139 11,485 115 2,726 0.04 0.04 Operating expenses in fiscal year 2010 included the following items: the June 30, 2009 quarter included $0.6 million of restructuring costs, the December 31, 2009 quarter included a $0.7 million non-cash charge to correct errors in stock-based compensation expense related to prior fiscal years and a $0.8 million income tax benefit derived from a refund of alternative minimum tax credits. Note 15. Subsequent Events: Sale of CNS Assets On March 17, 2011, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell certain assets and transfer certain liabilities of the CNS segment to NETGEAR Inc. for $33.5 million in cash, subject to certain adjustments. As part of the agreement, the Company has agreed to indemnify NETGEAR following the closing of the sale against specified losses in connection with the CNS business and generally retain responsibility for various legal liabilities that may accrue. The Company retained a major CNS customer relationship and contract, and also retained the Homecloud product development program. This transaction closed on April 15, 2011. The assets and liabilities sold as part of the transaction are reported as held-for-sale in the March 31, 2011 balance sheet. The Company expects to record a gain of approximately $32 million on this asset disposition. In connection with the closing of this asset disposition, the Company entered into a Master Services Agreement and an Irrevocable Site License Agreement where the Company will provide transition services and sublease office space to NETGEAR. The Company may also receive transition services from NETGEAR. The components of assets and liabilities held-for-sale presented in the balance sheet of as March 31, 2011 are as follows: Assets held-for-sale (in thousands) Inventories Property and equipment, net Total assets held-for-sale Liabilities held-for-sale (in thousands) Accrued compensation Accrued expenses Total liabilities held-for-sale $4,656 125 $4,781 $ 370 918 $1,288 Stock Purchase On May 31, 2011, as part of its authorized share repurchase program described in Note 7, the Company purchased 1,000,000 shares of its Class A Common Stock, including 618,664 shares that were converted from the Company’s Class B Common Stock. The shares were purchased from the Voting Trust, of which Robert C. Penny III and Robert W. Foskett currently serve as co-trustees, as well as from beneficiaries of the Voting Trust and beneficiaries of other trusts associated with the Penny Family. The Company paid a total of $3.4 million or approximately $3.43 per share, which represented the volume weighted-average price of the Company’s Class A Common Stock for the three daily trading sessions on May 23, 24 and 25, 2011, as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. Messrs. Penny and Foskett currently serve as directors of the Company. - 66 - Table of Contents As of May 13, 2011, as trustees of the Voting Trust and other trusts, Messrs. Penny and Foskett controlled 51.6% of the stock vote. Had these transactions occurred on May 13, 2011, Messrs. Penny and Foskett would have controlled 50.7% of the stock vote following the transaction. After completion of the repurchase referenced above, the Company has $6.0 million remaining under the $10.0 million repurchase program authorized in February 2010. - 67 - Table of Contents WESTELL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES SCHEDULE II — VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (In thousands) 2011 Accounts receivable allowances Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory and net realizable value Deferred tax assets valuation allowance Reserve for returns 2010 Accounts receivable allowances Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory and net realizable value Deferred tax assets valuation allowance Reserve for returns 2009 Accounts receivable allowances Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory and net realizable value Deferred tax assets valuation allowance Reserve for returns Balance Beginning of Year $ 237 1,691 61,297 15 $ 289 1,336 65,108 10 $ 281 3,290 59,657 30 Net Additions Charged to Cost and Expenses Additions (Deductions) $ $ $ $ $ $ (34) 1,157 — 94 49 598 — 97 110 580 — 110 (2) (1) (56) (1,297) (60,770) (3) (102) (1) (101) (243) (2) (3,811) (92) (1) (2) (102) (2,534) 5,451 (130) Balance at End of Year $ 147 1,551 527 7 $ 237 1,691 61,297 15 $ 289 1,336 65,108 10 (1) Accounts written off, net of recoveries (2) (3) Reversal of valuation allowance due to change in assessment of realizability of deferred tax assets. Inventory scrapped against inventory reserves. - 68 - Subsidiary Westell, Inc. Conference Plus, Inc. Conference Plus Global Services, Ltd. TLT Merger LLC Noran Tel, Inc. SUBSIDIARIES OF REGISTRANT Jurisdiction of Incorporation Exhibit 21.1 Illinois Delaware Ireland Delaware Saskatchewan Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements (Form S-3 No. 333-79407 and No. 333-100625, and Form S-8 No. 333-155211, No.333-32646, No. 333-105926, and No. 333-119620) of Westell Technologies, Inc. and in their related Prospectuses of our reports dated June 2, 2011, with respect to the Consolidated Financial Statements and financial statement schedule of Westell Technologies, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Westell Technologies, Inc. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended March 31, 2011. Exhibit 23.1 /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Chicago, Illinois June 2, 2011 Exhibit 31.1 I, Richard S. Gilbert, certify that: (1) I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K for the period ended March 31, 2011 of the Company; CERTIFICATION (2) Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; (3) Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; (4) The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and (5) The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. Date: June 2, 2011 /s/ RICHARD S. GILBERT Richard S. Gilbert Chief Executive Officer Exhibit 31.2 I, Brian S. Cooper, certify that: (1) I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K for the period ended March 31, 2011 of the Company; CERTIFICATION (2) Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; (3) Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; (4) The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and (5) The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting. Date: June 2, 2011 /s/ BRIAN S. COOPER Brian S. Cooper Chief Financial Officer CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 Exhibit 32 In connection with the Annual Report of Westell Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal period ended March 31, 2011 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002, that based on their knowledge: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company as of and for the periods covered in the Report. /s/ RICHARD S. GILBERT Richard S. Gilbert June 2, 2011 /s/ BRIAN S. COOPER Brian S. Cooper June 2, 2011 A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request. The foregoing certification is being furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Form 10-K and shall not be considered filed as part of the Form 10-K. 

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