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Willis Towers Watson

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FY2015 Annual Report · Willis Towers Watson
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2015 Annual Report

We deliver insights and solutions  
that unlock our clients’ full potential

Our distinct, connected perspective across 
talent, assets and ideas unlocks potential for 
our clients. While many just look at mitigating 
the downside, we see how a unified approach 
to people and risk is a path to growth.  

Powered by market analytics and behavioral 
insight, our integrated teams reveal hidden 
value within the critical intersections of our 
clients’ organizations. We design and deliver 
solutions that manage risk, optimize benefits, 
cultivate talent, and expand the power of 
capital to protect and strengthen institutions 
and individuals.

A truly compelling combination

39,000 
employees
in 120+  
countries

Scale, diversity and 
financial strength  
$8.2 billion 
revenue

A deep history
 dating back 
to 1828

Willis Towers Watson colleagues can be found all around the world:

Great Britain: 16%

Western Europe: 18%

North America: 36%

International: 30%

Total: 39,000

We aim to be the leading 
global advisory, broking  
and solutions company.  
We have relationships with:

85% of the  
U.S. Fortune 1000

90% of the  
Global Fortune 500

2015 Annual Report       

Our services

Our business, when integrated, will consist of four interlocking segments:

Corporate Risk and Broking

Exchange Solutions

We know how companies can unlock 
potential through effective risk management. 
Our clients rely on us to craft strategies 
to quantify, mitigate and transfer risk, 
taking advantage of our specialist industry 
experience and unparalleled market know-
how. The result is a new way of embracing 
risk that drives superior results.  

A changing healthcare landscape creates 
new opportunities. With our combined 
understanding of regulation and risk, 
behavioral insights and technology platforms, 
we create innovative exchange-based 
services and solutions that enable people to 
navigate options with confidence, and give 
employers decision-making peace of mind. 

Human Capital and Benefits

Investment, Risk and Reinsurance

High-performing institutions cultivate and 
grow talent, carefully balancing costs 
and rewards. From employee benefits to 
executive compensation, we take a rounded 
perspective, based on leading-edge thinking, 
data, analytics and software, unearthing new 
ways to motivate people, foster well-being 
and implement solutions that work.

Our sophisticated approach to risk helps 
clients free up capital. We work in close 
concert with investors, reinsurers and 
insurers to manage the equation between risk 
and return. Blending advanced analytics with 
deep institutional knowledge, we reveal new 
opportunities to maximize performance.

 willistowerswatson.com

Our values

Many of our clients have been with us from our earliest days. Whether they first came to us for brokerage services or actuarial 
work, they were met with respect, a strong sense of advocacy and an emphasis on excellence. These values will continue to 
define our approach to business and our relationship with our clients, now and in the future.

Excellence
We strive to lead and 
sustain excellence. Most 
importantly, this means an 
unwavering commitment to 
professional development 
and personal growth for 
our people. Our colleagues 
take responsibility to 
develop their expertise, 
competencies and 
professional stature, while 
the company invests in the 
tools and opportunities 
that allow for continual 
development. In business, 
we place an unrelenting 
focus on innovation, quality 
and risk management.

Client focus
We are driven to help 
our clients succeed. In 
every interaction and with 
every solution, we act in 
our clients’ best interests 
– striving to understand 
their needs, respecting 
their perspectives 
and exceeding their 
expectations.

Teamwork
When you get one of us, 
you get all of us. We bring 
innovative solutions and 
world-class advice to our 
clients by working across 
boundaries of business, 
geography and function. 
We help each other 
succeed and create more 
value by working together.

Respect
We listen to and learn from 
each other. We support 
and celebrate differences, 
foster an inclusive 
culture and operate with 
openness, honesty and 
benefit of the doubt. We 
manage our relationships, 
inside the company and 
out, with fairness, decency 
and good citizenship.

Integrity
Our clients invest more than 
their time and money with 
us; they also invest their 
trust. We seek to earn that 
trust every day through 
professionalism, doing 
what is right and telling the 
truth. We are accountable 
to the organizations and 
people with which we 
interact – including clients, 
shareholders, regulators 
and each other for our 
actions and results.

2015 Annual Report       

Our history

A strong client focus, an emphasis on teamwork, unwavering integrity, mutual respect and a constant striving for excellence 
are the values at the core of the new Willis Towers Watson organization.

The birth of insurance broking and the actuarial profession

Henry Willis began his 
career as a merchant 
selling imported goods 
on commission in 
the UK at the Baltic 
Exchange in London.

Willis applied for membership of Lloyd’s, 
where he started to broker insurance 
for the cargoes of commodities he sold 
on commission. As his enterprise grew, 
he became involved in the hull business, 
establishing himself in marine insurance 
and founding Henry Willis & Company.

Henry Willis

1828

1841

1865

1878

1889

Predecessor actuarial consulting firm 
Fackler & Co. was founded in New York.

Lloyd’s Subscription Room

 willistowerswatson.com

Reuben Watson formed  
R. Watson & Sons, the 
world’s oldest actuarial firm, 
when the Manchester Unity 
of Oddfellows appointed 
him actuary the same year. 
Manchester Unity remains  
a client today — as do many 
other of our earliest actuarial 
and brokerage clients.

Peter Fackler helped 
create the Actuarial 
Society of America,  
a predecessor of 
today’s Society 
of Actuaries. The 
company’s consulting 
actuaries have a long 
history of involvement  
in professional 
societies, serving on 
committees and boards, 
and helping shape the 
actuarial profession. 
Today, we remain one 
of the world’s largest 
employers of actuaries.

Establishing ourselves at the forefront of our industries

Willis Faber & Company merged  
with Dumas & Wylie Limited to  
form Willis, Faber & Dumas.

Henry Willis & Co. developed a 
relationship with US-based Johnson & 
Higgins, which provided Willis access  
to the US market. 

Henry Willis & Co merged with 
Faber Brothers to form Willis, Faber 
& Co and developed a huge marine 
account, reputedly the largest 
broking portfolio in the world.

1896

1898

1910s

1920s

1928

1934

George Faber

Raymond Dumas

After the passage of the National Insurance 
act of 1911, R. Watson & Sons became  
the lead advisor to the UK government  
on national insurance programs.

Walter Forster, a founder of 
a predecessor company and 
known as the “father of pension 
planning,” sold one of the first 
major insured pension plans to 
Eastman Kodak Company.

Towers, Perrin, Forster & Crosby (TPF&C) 
was founded. It initially operated a 
reinsurance and life division, eventually 
specializing in pensions, reinsurance 
brokerage and employee benefit plans.

Reuben Watson

2015 Annual Report       

Adapting to an increasingly connected world

Willis, Faber & Dumas listed on the London Stock 
Exchange, signifying its status as the leading UK 
specialty broker.

A new Willis headquarters – 10 Trinity Square – 
was purchased and the company became publicly 
traded for the first time.

Post war, Willis’ non-marine 
and reinsurance businesses 
grew. In 1971, Willis was 
broker for the Moon Buggy.

1943

1950

1950s

1960s

1971

1976

Fackler & Co. is acquired 
by the Wyatt Company. 

TPF&C expanded its services to 
include health care, compensation 
and organizational consulting.

Birchard Wyatt forms 
the Wyatt Company,  
an actuarial consulting 
firm, in Washington D.C.

Private pensions continued to grow in popularity, leading to a boom 
in actuarial business on both sides of the Atlantic, and solidifying our 
position among the largest actuarial consulting forces in Europe and 
North America.

 willistowerswatson.com

Expanding globally and adding capabilities

Willis’ reinsurance business 
expanded and eclipsed marine 
broking for the first time. 

Willis acquired a 30% stake in 
French broker Gras Savoye.

Willis, Faber & Dumas 
entered the US as a 
retail broker through a 
merger with Corroon & 
Black, establishing it as 
the world’s fourth largest 
insurance broker.

Willis operations were 
amalgamated under one 
name: Willis Group.

1970s 
1980s

1986

1987

1990

1995

1997

1998

1999

2000

Towers, Perrin, 
Forster & Crosby  
was renamed 
Towers Perrin.

Towers, Perrin, Forster & 
Crosby acquired Atlanta-based 
Tillinghast, Nelson & Warren.

Watson Wyatt was 
listed on the New York 
Stock Exchange.

Willis Corroon was privatized by Kohlberg 
Kravis Roberts in a $1.4 billion deal.

Regulatory change and rising 
employee benefit costs in the 
US spurred a further need for 
actuarial expertise.

R. Watson & Sons and The Wyatt 
Company forged an alliance, forming 
Watson Wyatt and consolidating 
their global resources.

2015 Annual Report       

Helping our clients to succeed in a more uncertain world

Willis Group was listed on the 
New York Stock Exchange and 
experienced strong growth. 

Willis Research Network was launched as the world’s largest 
collaboration between academic institutions and the finance sector.

Willis Group’s US presence  
was doubled with a $2.1 billion 
Hilb Rogal & Hobbs acquisition. 

Willis Group exercised its right 
to acquire the remainder of 
Gras Savoye and purchased 
85% of Miller, the leading 
London Independent 
wholesale insurance broker.

2001

2006

2008

2010

2012

2015

2016

In a merger of equals, Towers Perrin 
and Watson Wyatt combined to form 
Towers Watson.

Towers Watson acquires Extend 
Health and enters the private 
health care exchange market  
in the US.

Willis Group and 
Towers Watson 
merge to become 
Willis Towers Watson.

Willis Towers Watson listed on NASDAQ

 willistowerswatson.com

Contents

i 

iii 

Letter to shareholders

Financial highlights

01  Annual Report on Form 10-K

50  Management’s discussion and analysis

93  Financial statements

94  Audit report

209  Controls and procedures

220  5-Year quarterly data

223  Board of directors and executive officers

224  Shareholder information

Non-GAAP Financial Information

This Annual Report to shareholders contains Non-GAAP financial measures.  
A reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to our GAAP results can be  
found in the Management Discussion and Analysis section from page 55. 

This Annual Report to shareholders contains forward-looking statements,  
which by their nature involve risks and uncertainties. Please refer to the  
Forward-Looking Statements on page 4 and Risk Factors from page 18,  
for a description of certain factors that may cause actual results to differ 
materially from historical results or those anticipated.

This is the first Annual Report that Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company 
(“Willis Towers Watson”) has prepared since the completion of the previously 
announced merger on January 4, 2016, between Willis Group Holdings Public Limited 
Company and Towers Watson & Co. Pursuant to applicable rules, the Annual Report 
reflects the 2015 financial information of legacy Willis Group and not combined Willis 
Towers Watson.

2015 Annual Report       

A Letter to shareholders

Dear Shareholders,

Growth drivers in 2015 

It has been a period of intense change and excitement 
for our firm. We are delighted to write to you to describe 
the performance of Willis Group Holdings PLC in 2015, 
and to offer a thought or two on a very energising period 
ahead for Willis Towers Watson. 

On January 4th 2016, Willis Group Holdings PLC and 
Towers Watson & Co. came together in a merger of 
equals to form Willis Towers Watson PLC, a global 
advisory, solutions and broking firm. Only one week 
earlier, Willis Group closed its acquisition of leading 
French insurance broker and long-term partner Gras 
Savoye & Cie Group (“Gras Savoye”). As we now work 
to combine these three businesses – all with a proud 
heritage – we are creating a company that serves over 
80% of the world’s largest companies, with more than 
39,000 colleagues in over 120 countries. Together, we 
help our clients turn risk into a path to growth. 

With this context on where the year ended, this Annual 
Report outlines the 2015 performance of the legacy  
Willis Group. 

2015 was a landmark year of strategic execution 
for Willis, as the firm pursued a path of growth that 
culminated in the completion of this historic merger. The 
firm met or exceeded all of its headline annual targets:

  generating mid-single digit organic revenue growth

 

 

 completing a number of transformative M&A 
transactions, and 

 exceeding by 40 basis points our 200 basis point 
target spread between organic revenue growth and 
organic expense growth. 

These results were achieved through the carefully-
planned combination of powerful client service, effective 
business development and operational improvement 
that is the responsibility of our leaders. 

i   willistowerswatson.com

Willis’ strategy in 2015 was unchanged from that in 2014.  
We sought to drive earnings growth by strengthening our 
existing businesses; acquiring firms that fit strategically  
with the Willis business while exiting slower growth markets; 
and by improving performance through operational change. 

Organic growth 
Our consistent growth in organic commissions and fees –  
a measure that is recognised throughout the risk management 
and insurance broking world as a core measure of performance 
– was testament to the collaborative client service model seen 
throughout the business. To have achieved organic growth 
despite challenging market conditions in many of our core 
business areas – including continued headwinds in reinsurance 
– shows the strength of our diverse portfolio of business and 
the determination of our remarkable team of professionals. 
We were particularly pleased with our performance in our 
International division, which was driven by existing teams, 
newly-integrated businesses and phenomenal growth in  
Latin America.

Acquisition strategy 
Willis Group made a number of important strategic 
acquisitions in 2015, all of which were designed to 
complement our existing business by adding geographic 
reach, industry expertise, new product offerings and analytic 
capabilities. Each of these businesses was also a strong 
cultural fit with our firm.

We told you in last year’s Willis Annual Report that we were  
in talks to purchase a majority stake in Miller, a leading 
London-based wholesale and specialty insurance broking 
business. That deal closed in June 2015. Other acquisitions 
included Carsa (Mexico), PMI Health Group (UK), Elite Risk 
Services (Taiwan) and CKA Risk Solutions (Australia).

Most significant in terms of scale, we completed the 
transaction to acquire the remaining 70 percent of Gras 
Savoye that we did not previously own on December 29, 2015. 

Operational improvement to strengthen performance 
Our operational improvement program, which began in 
April 2014 for a period of three and a half years, continued 
to produce results that met and often exceeded our 
expectations. In 2015, the program generated savings of 
approximately $112 million, ahead of our previously stated 
target for 2015 of $80 million.

Financials in 2015 

A look ahead

2015 was a year of significant financial achievement for our 
firm, despite some volatile market conditions. 

Our focus now is on realizing the full potential of the powerful 
combination of Willis and Towers Watson for our investors, 
our clients and our people. 

Reported net income attributable to Willis Group for the 
twelve months ended December 31, 2015 was $373 million, or 
$5.41 per diluted share, up 3.0% compared with $362 million, 
or $5.32 per diluted share, in the same period a year ago. 
Underlying net income was $441 million for the twelve month 
period of 2015, up 11.1% compared with $397 million in 2014.

Total reported commissions and fees were up 1.1% to $3,809 
million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 
compared to $3,767 million for the same period in 2014. 
Underlying commissions and fees were up 7.6%, while 
organic growth in commissions and fees was 3.3%  
compared to the same period a year ago.

Reported operating income and reported operating margin 
were $427 million and 11.2%, respectively, for the twelve 
months ended December 31, 2015, compared with $647 million 
and 17.0%, respectively, for the prior year. Underlying operating 
income and margin were $707 million and 18.5%, respectively, 
in 2015, compared with $657 million and 18.4%, respectively, 
in the prior year. Organic operating income and margin were 
$706 million and 19.5%, respectively, in 2015, compared 
with $632 million and 18.0%, respectively, in the prior year. 
The improved underlying and organic metrics in 2015 were 
driven by revenue growth combined with solid execution of 
cost initiatives, as already outlined in the previous section. 
Underlying EBITDA was $878 million, up 10.3% compared to 
$796 million in the prior year.  The underlying EBITDA margin 
of 22.9% was up 60 basis points from the prior year’s 22.3%.

We are early in our journey as Willis Towers Watson, but 
our opportunities as a combined company look even better 
now than when we first announced our intention to merge in 
June 2015. It is quite evident already, after the many months 
we spent on integration planning, that our aligned values, 
unwavering focus on clients and mutual drive to create a 
unique and powerful organization are adding up to more 
than we could have anticipated. Together, we can continue 
to provide the services and solutions our clients have been 
used to receiving from us, and also create new offerings that 
they cannot find elsewhere.

We look forward to sharing our future progress with you.

Jim McCann
Non-executive 
Chairman

John Haley
CEO

Dominic Casserley
President and 
Deputy CEO

2015 Annual Report   ii   

Financial highlights: Willis Group

$ millions

Revenues

Total Operating Expenses

Operating Income

Operating Margin

Net Income

Net Income Per Diluted Share1

             Reported

          Underlying

Underlying 
growth

Organic  
growth 2

2015

2014

2015

2014

3829

3802

3829

3572

3402

3155

3122

2915

427

647

707

657

11.2%

17.0% 18.5% 18.4%

373

5.41

362

5.32

441

6.39

397

5.83

7.2%

7.1%

3.3%

0.9%

Financial and strategic goals: Willis Group

2015 performance

Mid-single digit organic 
revenue growth

Organic Commissions and Fees growth
ƒ Diversified and resilient business model
ƒ Organic growth in each segment for full-year 2015

200 bps + spread of 
organic C&F over organic 
expense growth

Organic Spread
ƒ Ongoing expense management drove progress
ƒ Operational Improvement Program execution

EBITDA growth

Underlying EBITDA
ƒ EBITDA growth driven by improved underlying and organic 
revenue performance and costs management initiatives

FY

+3.3%

+240bps

+10.3%

Capital Management

Targeted Acquisitions 
ƒ Miller – Pre-eminent specialist independent broker in the London wholesale market
ƒ Gras Savoye – Largest insurance broker in France with a comprehensive network that 

spans Africa, the Middle East, Central and Eastern Europe 

Merger of Equals
ƒ  Towers Watson – Leading global professional services company

Stable dividend
ƒ Announced a 2016 quarterly cash dividend of $0.48 per share an annual rate of $1.92

Share Repurchase 
ƒ Repurchased $1.7 million of shares for $82 million

 Retroactively adjusted to reflect the 1 to 2.6490 reverse stock split effected by the Company as of January 4, 2016 upon completion of the Merger.

1 
2  Organic Revenue growth only includes organic growth in commissions and fees.
3  A reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures can be found in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis section from page 55.

iii   willistowerswatson.com
iii   willistowerswatson.com

 
 
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549  
_____________________ 
FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015
or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 001-16503
_____________________________________________

WILLIS TOWERS WATSON PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Ireland
 (Jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
c/o Willis Group Limited
51 Lime Street, London EC3M 7DQ, England
(Address of principal executive offices)

98-0352587
 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) 

(011) 44-20-3124-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Title of each Class
 Ordinary Shares, nominal value $0.000304635 per share  

Name of each exchange on which registered
 NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
____________________________________________

     No 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements 
for the past 90 days.  Yes 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to 
be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the 
Registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best 
of the Registrant’s knowledge, in definite proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this 
Form 10-K.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the 
definition of ‘large accelerated filer’, ‘accelerated filer’ and ‘smaller reporting company’ in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

     No 

     No 

     No 

Large accelerated filer 

Accelerated filer 

Non-accelerated filer 

Smaller reporting company 

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes 
The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, computed by reference to the last reported price at which the 
Registrant’s common equity was sold on June 30, 2015 (the last day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second quarter) was $8,425,866,400.
As of February 26, 2016, there were outstanding 138,172,062 ordinary shares, nominal value $0.000304635 per share, of the Registrant.

     No 

Portions of Part III will be incorporated by reference in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than April 29, 2016. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

2015 Annual Report   1   

 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Certain Definitions

The following definitions apply throughout this annual report unless the context requires otherwise:

‘We’, ‘Us’, ‘Company’, ‘Group’, ‘Willis
Towers Watson’, or ‘Our’

  Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company and its subsidiaries

‘Willis Towers Watson’ or ‘Willis Towers
Watson plc’ or ‘WTW’

Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company, a company organized under
the laws of Ireland, and its subsidiaries

‘shares’

‘HRH’

‘Legacy Willis’

‘Legacy Towers Watson’

‘Merger’

The ordinary shares of Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company,
nominal value $0.000304635 per share

Hilb Rogal & Hobbs Company, a 100 percent owned subsidiary acquired in
2008
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company and its subsidiaries,
predecessor to Willis Towers Watson, prior to the Merger
Towers Watson & Co. and its subsidiaries

Merger of Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company and Towers Watson
& Co. pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated June 29,
2015, as amended on November 19, 2015, and completed on January 4, 2016

2   willistowerswatson.com

2

 
 
 
Forward-Looking Statements 

Part I

Item 1 

Business 

Item 1A  Risk Factors 

Item 1B  Unresolved Staff Comments 

Item 2 

Properties 

Item 3 

Legal Proceedings 

Item 4  Mine Safety Disclosures 

Part II

Item 5 

 Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters  
and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 

Item 6 

Selected Financial Data 

Item 7  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

Item 7A  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 

Item 8 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 

Item 9  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 

Item 9A  Controls and Procedures 

Item 9B  Other Information 

Part III

Item 10  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 

Item 11  Executive Compensation 

Item 12  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 

Item 13  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 

Item 14  Principal Accountant Fees and Services 

Part IV

Item 15  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 

Signatures 

4

5

18

37

38

38

45

46

49

50

88

93

209

209

211

211

211

211

211

211

211

219

2015 Annual Report   3   

 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Willis Towers Watson plc

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains a number of “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  You can identify these statements and other forward-looking statements in this 
document by words such as ‘may’, ‘will’, ‘would’, ‘expect’, ‘anticipate’, ‘believe’, ‘estimate’, ‘plan’, ‘intend’, ‘continue’, or 
similar words, expressions or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. You should read these statements 
carefully because they contain projections of our future results of operations or financial condition, or state other “forward-
looking” information. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the benefits of the business combination 
transaction involving Towers Watson and Willis Group, including the combined company’s future financial and operating 
results, plans, objectives, expectations and intentions and other statements that are not historical facts. Such statements are 
based upon the current beliefs and expectations of Willis Towers Watson’s management and are subject to significant risks and 
uncertainties. Actual results may differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. All forward-looking disclosure is 
speculative by its nature.

A number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results reflected in these 
forward-looking statements are identified under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These 
statements are based on assumptions that may not come true and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. 

These risks and uncertainties relate to, among other things: changes in general economic, business and political conditions, 
including changes in the financial markets; consolidation in or conditions affecting the industries in which the company 
operates; any changes in the regulatory environment in which the company operates; the ability to successfully manage ongoing 
organizational changes; the ability of the company to successfully integrate the Towers Watson, Gras Savoye and Willis 
businesses, operations and employees, and realize anticipated growth, synergies and cost savings; the potential impact of the 
merger on relationships, including with employees, suppliers, customers and competitors; significant competition that the 
company faces and the potential for loss of market share and/or profitability; compliance with extensive government regulation; 
the company’s ability to make divestitures or acquisitions and its ability to integrate or manage such acquired businesses; 
expectations, intentions and outcomes relating to outstanding litigation; the risk that the company would be required to increase 
its financial reserve on the Stanford litigation; the risk of material adverse outcomes on existing litigation matters, including 
without limitation the Stanford litigation; the diversion of time and attention of the company’s management team while the 
merger is being integrated; the federal income tax consequences of the merger and the enactment of additional state, federal, 
and/or foreign regulatory and tax laws and regulations, including changes in tax rates; the company’s capital structure, 
including indebtedness amounts, the limitations imposed by the covenants in the documents governing such indebtedness and 
the maintenance of the financial and disclosure controls and procedures of each; the ability of the company to obtain financing 
on favorable terms or at all; adverse changes in the credit ratings of the company; the possibility that the anticipated benefits 
from the merger cannot be fully realized or may take longer to realize than expected; the ability of the company to retain and 
hire key personnel; a decline in defined benefit pension plans; various claims, government inquiries or investigations or the 
potential for regulatory action; failure to protect client data or breaches of information systems; reputational damage; disasters 
or business continuity problems; doing business internationally, including the impact of exchange rates; clients choosing to 
reduce or terminate the services provided by the company; fluctuation in revenues against the company’s relatively fixed 
expenses; management of client engagements; technological change; the inability to protect intellectual property rights, or the 
potential infringement upon the intellectual property rights of others; increases in the price, or difficulty of obtaining, insurance; 
fluctuations in the company’s pension liabilities; loss of, failure to maintain, or dependence on certain, relationships with 
insurance carriers; changes and developments in the United States healthcare system; the availability of tax-advantaged 
consumer-directed benefits to employers and employees; reliance on third party services; the company’s holding company 
structure; changes in accounting estimates and assumptions; and changes in the market price of the company’s shares. 

Although we believe that the assumptions underlying our forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of these assumptions, 
and therefore also the forward-looking statements based on these assumptions, could themselves prove to be inaccurate. In light 
of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our 
inclusion of this information is not a representation or guarantee by us that our objectives and plans will be achieved. 

Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made and we will not update these forward-looking statements unless 
the securities laws require us to do so. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events 
discussed in this document may not occur, and we caution you against unduly relying on these forward-looking statements.

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PART I

Item 1 — Business

About Willis Towers Watson

History and Development of the Company

This is the first Annual Report on Form 10-K (‘Form 10-K’) that Willis Towers Watson has filed since the completion of the 
previously announced Merger on January 4, 2016, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated June 29, 2015, as 
amended on November 19, 2015 (the ‘Merger Agreement’), between Legacy Willis, Legacy Towers Watson, and Citadel 
Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis formed for the purpose of facilitating this transaction (‘Merger Sub’). 
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into Towers Watson with Towers Watson continuing as the 
surviving corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis. 

Immediately following the Merger, Legacy Willis effected (i) a consolidation (i.e., a reverse stock split under Irish law) of 
Willis ordinary shares whereby every 2.6490 Legacy Willis ordinary shares were consolidated into one Willis Towers Watson 
ordinary share (the ‘Consolidation’) and (ii) an amendment to its Constitution and other organizational documents to change its 
name from Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company to Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company. Due to the 
closing date of the Merger, the results of operations, financial position, financial reports and Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis principally relate to Legacy Willis.  Other sections of this report refer to Legacy Towers Watson and the combined 
company, Willis Towers Watson.

We trace our history to 1828, and are a leading global advisory, broking and solutions company that helps clients around the 
world turn risk into a path for growth.

Willis Towers Watson is incorporated in Ireland.  For administrative convenience, we utilize the offices of a subsidiary 
company as our principal executive offices. The address is:

Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company

c/o Willis Group Limited

51 Lime Street

London EC3M 7DQ

England

Tel: +44 20 3124 6000

Available Information

The Company files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission (the ‘SEC’). You may read and copy any documents we file at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 
100 F Street, NE Washington, DC 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information on the Public Reference 
Room. The SEC maintains a website that contains annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information 
that issuers (including Willis Towers Watson) file electronically with the SEC. The SEC’s website is www.sec.gov.

The Company makes available, free of charge through our website, www.willistowerswatson.com, our annual report on 
Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, our proxy statement, current reports on Form 8-K and Forms 3, 4, and 5 filed 
on behalf of directors and executive officers, as well as any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the ‘Exchange Act’) as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically 
filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Unless specifically incorporated by reference, information on our website is not a part of 
this Form 10-K.

The Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, Audit & Risk Committee Charter, Compensation Committee Charter, 
Nominating & Governance Committee Charter, and our Corporate Governance Guidelines are available on our website, 
www.willistowerswatson.com, in the Investor Relations section, or upon request. Requests for copies of these documents 
should be directed in writing to the Company Secretary c/o Office of General Counsel, Willis Towers Watson Public Limited 
Company, Brookfield Place, 200 Liberty Street, New York, NY 10281.

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General

Willis Towers Watson is a leading global advisory, broking and solutions company that helps clients around the world turn risk 
into a path for growth. As of the date of this report, Willis Towers Watson has approximately 39,000 employees in more than 
120 countries. We design and deliver solutions that manage risk, optimize benefits, cultivate talent, and expand the power of 
capital to protect and strengthen institutions and individuals. Our unique perspective allows us to see the critical intersections 
between talent, assets and ideas - the dynamic formula that drives business performance.

We bring together professionals from around the world - experts in their areas of specialty - to deliver the perspectives that give 
organizations a clear path forward. We do this by offering risk management, insurance broking, consulting, technology and 
solutions and private exchanges.

In our capacity as risk advisor and insurance broker, we act as an intermediary between our clients and insurance carriers by 
advising our clients on their risk management requirements, helping clients determine the best means of managing risk, and 
negotiating and placing insurance with insurance carriers through our global distribution network. We also offer clients a broad 
range of services to help them to identify and control their risks. These services range from strategic risk consulting (including 
providing actuarial analysis), to a variety of due diligence services, to the provision of practical on-site risk control services 
(such as health and safety or property loss control consulting) as well as analytical and advisory services (such as hazard 
modeling and reinsurance optimization studies). We assist clients in planning how to manage incidents or crises when they 
occur. These services include contingency planning, security audits and product tampering plans. We are not an insurance 
company and therefore we do not underwrite insurable risks for our own account.

In our capacity as a group employee benefits advisor, we provide multiple options on a global basis for large national, regional 
and global clients to meet their needs for consistency across jurisdictions.  Through our group exchanges, unique arrangements 
with global and regional carriers and individual client assignments, Health & Benefits brings a deep understanding of client 
priorities, issues, challenges and opportunities to every client assignment and takes a balanced approach to four key drivers:  
Financial/Cost Management, Employee Appreciation, Resource Management and Global Governance and Oversight.

In our capacity as a consultant, technology and solutions and private exchange company we help our clients enhance business 
performance by improving their ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified employees. We focus on delivering consulting 
services that help organizations anticipate, identify and capitalize on emerging opportunities in human capital management as 
well as investment advice to help our clients develop disciplined and efficient strategies to meet their investment goals. We 
operate the largest private Medicare exchange in the United States. Through this exchange, we help our clients move to a more 
sustainable economic model by capping and controlling the costs associated with retiree healthcare benefits.

We derive the majority of our revenue from commissions and fees for brokerage and consulting services. We do not determine 
the insurance premiums on which our commissions are generally based. Commission levels generally follow the same trend as 
premium levels as they are derived from a percentage of the premiums paid by the insureds. Fluctuations in these premiums 
charged by the insurance carriers can therefore have a direct and potentially material impact on our results of operations. No 
single client represented a significant concentration of our consolidated revenues for any of our three most recent fiscal years. 

We and our colleagues serve a diverse base of clients ranging in size from large, major multinational corporations to middle-
market companies in a variety of industries, public institutions, and individual clients.  Many of our client relationships span 
decades. We work with major corporations, emerging growth companies, governmental agencies and not-for-profit institutions 
in a wide variety of industries.

We believe we are one of only a few global advisory, broking and solutions companies in the world possessing the global 
operating presence, broad product expertise and extensive distribution network necessary to meet effectively the global needs of 
many of our clients.

Business Strategy

Willis Towers Watson sees that a unified approach to people and risk can be a path to growth for our clients. Our integrated 
teams bring together our understanding of risk strategies, and market analytics. This helps clients around the world to achieve 
their objectives. 

We operate in attractive markets - both growing and mature - with a diversified platform across geographies, industries, 
segments and lines of business. We aim to create and become the premier advisory, broking and solutions company of choice 
globally. We design and deliver solutions that manage risk, optimize benefits, cultivate talent, and expand the power of capital 

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to protect and strengthen institutions and individuals. We will also help organizations improve performance through effective 
people, risk and financial management by focusing on providing human capital and financial consulting services.

 We believe we can achieve this by:

•  Delivering a powerful client proposition with an integrated global platform. Our highly complementary offerings 

provide comprehensive advice, analytics, specialty capabilities and solutions covering benefits, exchange solutions, 
brokerage and advisory, risk and capital management; and talent and rewards; 

•  Leveraging our combined distribution strength and global footprint to enhance market penetration and provide a 

platform for further innovation; and

•  Underpinning this growth through continuous operational improvement initiatives that help make us more effective 

and efficient and drive cost synergies. We do this by: 

continuing to modernize the way we run our business to better serve our clients, enable the skills of our staff, 
and lowering our costs of doing business; we do this through an operational improvement program that is 
making changes to our processes, our IT, our real estate and our workforce location; and

targeting and delivering identified, highly achievable cost savings as a direct consequence of the merger of 
Willis and Towers Watson. 

We care as much about how we work as we do about the impact that we make. This means commitment to our aligned cultures 
and shared values and behaviors of our legacy companies, a framework that guides how we run our business and serve clients.  

Through these strategies we aim to accelerate revenue, cash flow, EBITDA and earnings growth and generate compelling 
returns for investors, by delivering tangible revenue growth and capitalizing on the identified cost synergies.

Our Business

We are integrating Willis and Towers Watson (together, the ‘Legacy Companies’) and creating a unified platform for global 
growth, including positioning the Company to leverage our mutual distribution strength to enhance market penetration, expand 
our global footprint and create a strong platform for further innovation. The fully integrated Company will have a more 
comprehensive offering of services and solutions to provide to clients across four business segments: Corporate Risk and 
Broking; Exchange Solutions; Human Capital and Benefits; and Investment, Risk and Reinsurance.

Due to the closing date of the Merger on January 4, 2016, after the end of the fiscal year, Legacy Towers Watson results of 
operations and financial position are not presented in this Form 10-K.  The descriptions of the combined company segments are 
presented to assist the reader in understanding our ongoing integrated company. Please see Note 31 — Subsequent Events for 
additional information.

Management Structure

Until we are integrated, we will continue to manage our business through the Legacy Company platforms.  Legacy Willis has 
four reportable operating segments: Willis CWR; Willis GB; Willis North America; and Willis International. Legacy Towers 
Watson has four reportable operating segments: Benefits; Exchange Solutions; Risk and Financial Services; and Talent and 
Rewards. From April 1, 2016, we expect to manage our business across four integrated reportable operating segments: 
Corporate Risk and Broking; Exchange Solutions; Human Capital and Benefits; and Investment, Risk and Reinsurance.

Willis GB Segment

Willis GB, our Great Britain-based insurance operations, combines our Global Specialty and UK Retail businesses to create a 
market leading client proposition comprising of the following four business units: Property & Casualty, Transport, Financial 
Lines and Retail Networks. 

Our Willis GB business provides specialist brokerage and consulting services to clients worldwide for the risks arising from 
specific industrial and commercial activities. In these operations, we have extensive specialized experience handling diverse 
lines of coverage, including complex insurance programs and acting as an intermediary between retail brokers and insurers. We 
increasingly provide consulting services on risk management with the objective of assisting clients to reduce the overall cost of 
risk. 

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Property & Casualty 

Our Property and Casualty business provides property and liability insurance brokerage services across a wide range of 
industries including Natural Resources and Construction. Our Natural Resources practice encompasses the oil and gas, mining, 
power and utilities sectors and provides services including property damage, offshore construction, liability and control of well 
and pollution insurance to global clients. Our Construction practice provides risk management advice and brokerage services 
for a wide range of international construction activities. Clients of the construction practice include contractors, project owners, 
project managers, consultants and financiers. 

Transport 

Our Transport business unit provides specialist expertise to the Transportation industry served by specialist Aerospace, Marine 
and Inspace practices. Our Aerospace business provides insurance brokerage and risk management services to Aerospace clients 
worldwide, including the world’s leading airlines, aircraft manufacturers, air cargo handlers and shippers, airport managers and 
other general aviation companies. Our Marine business provides insurance brokerage services including hull, cargo, P&I and 
general marine liabilities. Our Marine clients include ship owners, ship builders, logistics operations, port authorities, traders 
and shippers. Marine insurance brokerage is our oldest line of business dating back to our establishment in 1828. The specialist 
Inspace team is also prominent in providing insurance and risk management services to the space industry. 

Financial Lines 

Our Financial Lines business specializes in political and credit risk, structured finance, project risk consulting, trade credit, 
Directors and Officers, Cyber, Warranties and Indemnities, and Terrorism insurance as well as professional indemnity for 
corporations, financial institutions and professional firms on a global basis. 

Retail Networks 

Our UK retail operations provide risk management, insurance brokerage and related risk services to a wide array of industry 
and client segments in the UK middle market.

Willis Capital, Wholesale and Reinsurance Segment

Willis Capital Wholesale and Reinsurance includes Willis Re; Willis Capital Markets & Advisory; Willis’ wholesale business 
and Willis Portfolio Underwriting Services our legacy US MGA business and start up London MGA business. 

Willis Re 

We operate this business on a global basis and provide a complete range of transactional capabilities, including, in conjunction 
with Willis Capital Markets & Advisory, a wide variety of capital markets based products to both insurance and reinsurance 
companies. Our services are underpinned by leading modeling, financial analysis and risk management advice. We bolster and 
enhance all of these services with knowledge derived from our Willis Research Network, the insurance industry’s largest 
partnership with global academic research. 

Willis Capital Markets & Advisory 

Willis Capital Markets & Advisory, with offices in New York, Hong Kong and London, provides advice to companies involved 
in the insurance and reinsurance industry on a broad array of merger and acquisition transactions as well as capital markets 
products, including acting as underwriter or agent for primary issuances, operating a secondary insurance-linked securities 
trading desk and engaging in general capital markets and strategic advisory work. 

Willis Wholesale 

Willis Wholesale includes Miller Insurance Services LLP (including Special Contingency Risks (‘SCR’), (‘Miller’)).  It also 
include Fine Art, Jewelry & Specie (‘FAJS’) and Hughes-Gibb (‘HG’).  Miller is a leading London wholesale specialist broking 
firm, of which we own an 85 percent interest. SCR specializes in people risk solutions using a combination of risk management, 
kidnap and ransom and personal accident services and products to meet the needs of corporations and private clients. FAJS 
deals specifically with the insurance of Fine Art, Jewelry and Specie risks, operating on a global basis, with specific focus in the 
UK and US. The HG unit principally services the insurance and reinsurance needs of the thoroughbred horse racing and horse 
breeding industry and of the business sector, covering livestock breeders, aquaculture & agriculture industries.

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Willis Portfolio Underwriting Services 

About Willis Towers Watson

Willis Portfolio and Underwriting Services (‘WPUS’), with operations in London and North America, brings together our 
existing set of Managing General Agent underwriting activities for purposes of accelerating their future development. Within 
WPUS we act on behalf of our insurance carrier partners and self-insured entities in product marketing and distribution, risk 
underwriting and selection, claims management and other general administrative responsibilities. 

Willis North America Segment

Our North America business provides risk management, insurance brokerage, related risk services, and employee benefits 
brokerage and consulting to a wide array of industry and client segments in the United States and Canada. With around 80 
locations, organized into seven geographical regions including Canada, Willis North America locally delivers our global and 
national resources and specialist expertise through this retail distribution network. 

In addition to being organized geographically and by specialty, our North America business focuses on four client segments: 
global, large national/middle-market, small commercial, and private client, with service, marketing and sales platform support 
for each segment. 

•  Construction — The largest industry practice group in North America is Construction, which specializes in providing 
risk management, insurance brokerage, and surety bonding services to the construction industry. Willis Construction 
provided these services to nearly 10,000 clients including approximately 20 percent of the Engineering News Record 
Top 400 contractors (a listing of the largest 400 North American contractors based on reported revenue). In addition, 
this practice group has expertise in professional liability insurance, controlled insurance programs for large projects 
and insurance for national homebuilders. 

•  Human Capital — Willis Human Capital, fully integrated into the North America platform, is the Group’s largest 

product-based practice group and provides health, welfare and human resources consulting, and brokerage services to 
all of our commercial client segments. This practice group’s value lies in helping clients control employee benefit plan 
costs, reducing the amount of time human resources professionals spend administering their companies’ benefit plans 
and educating and training employees on benefit plan issues. 

•  Executive Risks — Another industry-leading North America practice group is Willis Executive Risks, a national team 
of technical professionals who specialize in meeting the directors and officers, employment practices, fiduciary 
liability insurance risk management, and claims advocacy needs of public and private corporations and organizations. 
This practice group also has expertise in professional liability, especially cyber risks. 

•  Other industry practice groups — Other industry practice groups include Healthcare, serving the professional liability 
and other insurance and risk management needs of private and not-for-profit health systems, hospitals and physicians 
groups; Financial Institutions, serving the needs of large banks, insurers and other financial services firms; and 
Mergers & Acquisitions, providing due diligence, and risk management and insurance brokerage services to private 
equity and merchant banking firms and their portfolio companies. 

Willis International Segment

Our International business comprises our operations in Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Australasia, the 
Middle East, South Africa and Latin America. 

Our offices provide services to businesses locally in countries around the world, making use of local expertise as well as skills, 
industry knowledge and expertise available elsewhere in the Company. 

The services provided are focused according to the characteristics of each market and vary across offices, but generally include 
direct risk management and insurance brokerage, specialist and reinsurance brokerage, and employee benefits consulting. 

As part of our ongoing strategy, we continue to look for opportunities to strengthen our International market share through 
acquisitions and strategic investments. A list of significant subsidiaries is included in Exhibit 21.1 to this document. 

On December 29, 2015, we completed the transaction to acquire the remaining 70% of the outstanding share capital of Gras 
Savoye, which was previously an associate company and is now a fully consolidated entity. 

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We have also invested in associate companies; our only significant associate at December 31, 2015 was Al-Futtaim Willis Co. 
LLC, organized under the laws of Dubai (49 percent holding). In connection with many of our investments we retain the right 
to increase our ownership over time, typically to a majority or 100 percent ownership position. 

We believe the combined total revenues of our International subsidiaries and associates provide an indication of the spread and 
capability of our International network. 

Towers Watson Benefits Segment

Benefits consultants work with clients to create and manage cost-effective benefit programs that help them attract, retain and 
motivate a talented workforce while managing the costs and financial risks associated with these programs.

The lines of business within the Benefits segment are:

•  Retirement

•  Health and Group Benefits

•  Technology and Administration Solutions

• 

International Consulting

The Benefits lines of business often work closely together on client assignments, along with consultants from the Talent and 
Rewards and Risk and Financial Services segments. Examples of such client assignments include mergers and acquisitions 
(‘M&A’), total reward program design, retiree benefit strategy, benefit program de-risking, benefits administration and benefit-
related communication and change management.

Retirement

As one of the world’s leading advisors on retirement plans, we provide actuarial and consulting services for large defined 
benefit and defined contribution plans, including consulting on plan design, funding and risk management strategies. We also 
help our clients assess the costs and risks of retirement plans on cash flow, earnings and the balance sheet, the effects of 
changing workforce demographics on their retirement plans and retiree benefit adequacy and security.

Health and Group Benefits

Health and Group Benefits provides plan management consulting across the full spectrum of health and group benefit 
programs, including health, dental, disability, life and other coverage. We provide services to large and mid-size organizations. 
Our consulting relationships are generally long-term in nature, and client retention rates for this line of business are high.

Technology and Administration Solutions

Our Technology and Administration Solutions (‘TAS’) line of business provides benefits outsourcing services to hundreds of 
clients across multiple industries. Our services are supported by our robust technology platforms, including our BenefitConnect 
system in the U.S., and our dedicated, onshore benefits call centers.

International Consulting

To help multinational companies address the challenges of operating in the global marketplace, we provide expertise in dealing 
with international human capital management, as well as related benefits and compensation advice for corporate headquarters 
and their overseas subsidiaries. Multinationals increasingly need to manage and govern compensation and benefit policies and 
practices from a global perspective, and our international consultants work with the headquarters of multinationals to develop 
such strategies and implement them. Our global specialists, in cooperation with their colleagues in our local offices worldwide, 
help clients manage and ensure the success of such projects.

Towers Watson Exchange Solutions Segment

The Towers Watson Exchange Solutions segment includes two lines of business:

•  Retiree & Access Exchanges

•  Other

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We are helping to redefine the manner in which active employee and retiree health benefits are offered and delivered. Our 
solutions create cost savings for our employer clients and provide our individual customers with improved choice and control 
over their health benefits.

Retiree & Access Exchanges

The Retiree & Access Exchanges line of business provides solutions through a proprietary technology platform, which 
integrates patented call routing technology, efficient quoting and an enrollment engine, a custom-developed Customer 
Relationship Management (‘CRM’) system and comprehensive insurance carrier connectivity. 

Other

This business is comprised of three practices:

•  Active Exchanges - This business is focused on delivering group benefit exchanges serving the active employees of 

virtually any employer across the United States. 

•  Health and Welfare Administration - This business provides a complete suite of health and welfare outsourcing services 

to more than 75 clients across multiple industries. 

•  Consumer-Directed Accounts - This business uses its Software as a Service (‘SaaS’)-based technology and related 
services to deliver consumer-driven health care and reimbursement accounts, including health savings accounts 
(‘HSAs’), health reimbursement arrangements (‘HRAs’) and other consumer-directed accounts.

Towers Watson Risk and Financial Services Segment

The Towers Watson Risk and Financial Services (‘RFS’) segment includes two lines of business:

•  Risk Consulting and Software

• 

Investment

We work with chief financial officers, treasurers, chief risk officers, senior actuaries, pension plan sponsors and trustees of our 
clients’ organizations. Risk Consulting and Software has a particular focus on the insurance industry, while Investment focuses 
primarily on pension plans. The two lines of business also apply their expertise to serve broader markets.

Risk Consulting and Software

Our Risk Consulting and Software line of business serves the insurance industry as well as corporate clients with respect to 
their insurance and risk management needs. Our colleagues use strong analytical skills, proven consulting techniques and 
software solutions to help our clients improve business performance. We advise more than three-quarters of the world’s leading 
insurers and believe we are a leading provider of financial modeling software to the insurance industry. We have more actuaries 
serving the insurance industry than any other consulting firm.

Investment

Our Investment line of business helps our clients manage investment complexity, establish their risk tolerance and improve 
governance. We provide coordinated investment advice and solutions - based on our expertise in risk assessment, asset-liability 
modeling, strategic asset allocation policy setting, manager selection and investment execution - to some of the world’s largest 
pension funds and institutional investors.

Towers Watson Talent and Rewards Segment

The Towers Watson Talent and Rewards segment includes three lines of business:

•  Executive Compensation

•  Rewards, Talent and Communication

•  Data, Surveys and Technology

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Executive Compensation

We advise our clients’ management and boards of directors on all aspects of executive pay programs, including base pay, annual 
bonuses, long-term incentives, perquisites and other benefits. We help clients understand market practices in these areas. Given 
that companies in all world regions face scrutiny of executive pay from shareholders, regulators and other stakeholders, our 
focus is on aligning pay plans with the organization’s business strategy and driving desired performance. Our services include 
executive compensation philosophy and strategy development, modeling and valuation of pay plan elements, performance 
measurement selection and calibration, board of director compensation and plan design, advice on change-in-control and 
severance programs, and total compensation assessment and benchmarking. 

Rewards, Talent and Communication

This line of business offers a broad array of advisory services focused on designing and implementing Rewards and Talent 
Management programs and processes. Our solutions help companies attract and deploy talent, engage them over time, manage 
and reward their performance, develop their skills, provide them with relevant career paths, communicate with them and 
manage organizational change initiatives.

Data, Surveys and Technology

This line of business provides benchmarking data, employee surveys and HR software to help companies administer and 
manage their talent management and reward programs.

Clients

Our clients operate on a global and local scale in a multitude of businesses and industries throughout the world and generally 
range in size from large, major multinational corporations to middle-market companies. We work with major corporations, 
emerging growth companies, governmental agencies and not-for-profit institutions in a wide variety of industries.  Further, 
many of our client relationships span decades. For instance, our relationship with The Tokio Marine and Fire Insurance 
Company Limited dates back over 100 years. No one client accounted for a significant concentration of revenues for fiscal year 
2015. Additionally, we place insurance with approximately 2,500 insurance carriers, none of which individually accounted for a 
significant concentration of the total premiums we placed on behalf of our clients in 2015.

Competition

We face competition in all fields in which we operate, based on global capability, product breadth, innovation, quality of service 
and price. We compete with Marsh & McLennan and Aon, the two other major providers of global risk management services, 
as well as with numerous specialist, regional and local firms. Competition for business is intense in all of our business lines and 
in every insurance market, and in some business lines Marsh & McLennan and Aon have greater market share than we do. The 
global HR consulting industry includes other benefit and compensation firms and the human resource consulting divisions of 
diversified professional service firms, including Deloitte Consulting LLP, Accenture, Ernst & Young LLP and 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. 

Competition on premium rates has also exacerbated the pressures caused by a continuing reduction in demand in some classes 
of business. For example, rather than purchase additional insurance through brokers, some insureds have been retaining a 
greater proportion of their risk portfolios than previously. Industrial and commercial companies increasingly rely upon their 
own subsidiary insurance companies, known as captive insurance companies, self-insurance pools, risk retention groups, 
mutual insurance companies and other mechanisms for funding their risks, rather than buy insurance. Additional competitive 
pressures arise from the entry of new market participants, such as banks, accounting firms and insurance carriers themselves, 
offering risk management or transfer services.

The human capital and risk management consulting industries are highly competitive. We believe there are significant barriers 
to entry, and we have developed competitive advantages in providing HR consulting and risk management consulting services. 
We face strong competition from several sources.

Our principal competitors in the pension consulting industry are Mercer HR Consulting (a Marsh & McLennan company) and 
Aon Hewitt Consulting (an Aon company). Beyond these large players, the global HR consulting industry is highly fragmented.

Our major competitors in the insurance consulting and software industry include Milliman, Oliver Wyman (a Marsh & 
McLennan company), the big four accounting firms and SunGard. Aon Hewitt, Buck Consultants (a Xerox Company), 
Connextions (a United Healthcare company), Mercer (a Marsh & McLennan company), Automatic Data Processing and 

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Fidelity are our primary competitors in the insurance exchange industry. With the implementation of the Patient Protection and 
Affordable Care Act, we also compete with the public exchanges run by the U.S. federal and state governments. We now 
compete with providers of account-based health plans and consumer-directed benefits such as WageWorks and HealthEquity.

The market for our services is subject to change as a result of economic, regulatory and legislative changes, technological 
developments, and increased competition from established and new competitors. Regulatory and legislative actions, along with 
continuously evolving technological developments will likely have the greatest impact on the overall market for our exchange 
products. We believe the primary factors in selecting a human resources consulting or risk management services firm include 
reputation, the ability to provide measurable increases to shareholder value and return on investment, global scale, quality of 
service and the ability to tailor services to clients’ unique needs. With regard to the market for exchanges, we believe that 
clients base their decisions on a variety of factors that include the ability of the provider to deliver measurable cost savings for 
clients, a strong reputation for efficient execution, a provider’s capability in delivering a broad number of configurations to 
serve various population segments and financing options, and an innovative service delivery model and platform. For our 
traditional consulting and risk management services and the rapidly evolving exchange products, we believe we compete 
favorably with respect to these factors.

Regulation

Our business activities are subject to legal requirements and governmental and quasi-governmental regulatory supervision in all 
countries in which we operate. Also, such regulations may require individual or company licensing to conduct our business 
activities. While these requirements may vary from location to location they are generally designed to protect our clients by 
establishing minimum standards of conduct and practice, particularly regarding the provision of advice and product information 
as well as financial criteria. Our three most significant regulatory regions are described below:

United States

Our activities in connection with insurance brokerage services within the United States are subject to regulation and supervision 
by state authorities. Although the scope of regulation and form of supervision may vary from state to state, insurance laws in the 
United States are often complex and generally grant broad discretion to supervisory authorities in adopting regulations and 
supervising regulated activities. That supervision generally includes the licensing of insurance brokers and agents and the 
regulation of the handling and investment of client funds held in a fiduciary capacity. Our continuing ability to provide 
insurance brokerage in the states in which we currently operate is dependent upon our compliance with the rules and regulations 
promulgated from time to time by the regulatory authorities in each of these states.

Certain of our activities are governed by other regulatory bodies, such as investment and securities licensing authorities.  Our 
activities in connection with investment services within the United States are subject to regulation and supervision at both the 
federal and state levels. At the federal level, certain of our operating subsidiaries are regulated by the SEC through the 
Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Investment Advisers’ Act of 1940; and by the Department of Labor through the 
Employee Retirement Income Security Act, or ERISA. In connection with the SEC regulation, we are required to file certain 
reports, and are subject to various marketing restrictions, among other regulations. In connection with the ERISA regulation, we 
are restricted in actions we can take for plans for whom we serve as fiduciaries, among other matters. Our U.S. investment 
activities are also subject to certain state regulatory schemes.

Our Willis Capital Markets & Advisory business (‘Willis Capital Markets’) operates through our two wholly-owned 
subsidiaries: Willis Securities, Inc., a US-registered broker-dealer and member FINRA/SIPC, primarily in connection with 
investment banking-related services and advising on alternative risk financing transactions, and Westport HRH LLC.

Our activities in connection with Third Party Administrator (‘TPA’) services in the United States are also subject to regulation 
and supervision by many state authorities.  Licensing requirements and supervision vary from state to state.  As with insurance 
brokerage services, our continuing ability to provide these services in states that regulate our activities are dependent upon our 
compliance with the rules and regulations promulgated from time to time by the regulatory authorities in each of these states.

European Union

In 2005, the European Union Insurance Mediation Directive introduced rules to enable insurance and reinsurance 
intermediaries to operate and provide services within each member state of the European Union on a basis consistent with the 
EU single market and customer protection aims. Each EU member state in which we operate is required to ensure that the 
insurance and reinsurance intermediaries resident in their country are registered with a statutory body in that country and that 

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each intermediary meets professional requirements in relation to their competence, good repute, professional indemnity cover 
and financial capacity.

In addition, Willis Capital Markets provides advice on securities or investments in the European Union and Australia through 
our UK wholly-owned subsidiary, Willis Capital Markets & Advisory Limited, which is authorized and regulated by the FCA 
(as defined below). 

United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, our business is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (‘FCA’). The FCA has a wide range of 
rule-making, investigatory and enforcement powers, and conducts monitoring visits to assess our compliance with regulatory 
requirements.

The FCA has a sole strategic objective: to protect and enhance confidence in the UK financial system. Its operational objectives 
are to: secure an appropriate degree of protection for consumers; promote efficiency and choice in the market for financial 
services; and protect and enhance the integrity of the UK financial system. The FCA also has a duty to act in a way that 
promotes competition, and to minimize the extent to which regulated businesses may be used for a purpose connected with 
financial crime. Finally, the FCA has new powers in product intervention. For instance, it can instruct firms to withdraw or 
amend misleading financial promotions.

Other

Willis Capital Markets, through its affiliate, Willis Capital Markets & Advisory (Hong Kong) Limited, is licensed to conduct 
certain securities related activities, and is subject to regulation by the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission. Max 
Matthiesson in Sweden and IFG in Ireland which both undertake pension scheme management are both subject to MiFID 
(Markets in Financial Instruments Directive) and are authorized and regulated by the Swedish Financial Services Authority and 
the Central Bank of Ireland, respectively.

All companies carrying on similar activities in a given jurisdiction are subject to regulations which are not dissimilar to the 
requirements for our operations in the United States and United Kingdom. We do not consider that these regulatory 
requirements adversely affect our competitive position.

Our failure, or that of our employees, to satisfy the regulators that we comply with their requirements or the legal requirements 
governing our activities, can result in disciplinary action, fines, reputational damage and financial harm.

See Part I, Item 1A-Risk Factors for discussion of how actions by regulatory authorities or changes in legislation and regulation 
in the jurisdictions in which we operate may have an adverse effect on our business.

Employees

As of December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis had approximately 23,700 employees worldwide. As of the date of this filing, we 
employ approximately 39,000 employees worldwide.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

The executive officers of the Company as of February 20, 2016 were as follows:

Nicolas Aubert (age 50) - Mr. Aubert has served as the Head of Great Britain at Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 2016, 
and as the CEO of Willis Limited, the Company’s UK insurance and reinsurance broking subsidiary, since September 30, 2015. 
Prior to his appointment as the Head of Great Britain, Mr. Aubert served as CEO of Willis GB, the operating segment of Willis 
Group Holdings that included Willis’ London specialty businesses and facultative, and the retail insurance business in Great 
Britain since January 2015.  Prior to joining Willis, Mr. Aubert served as the Chief Operating Officer of American International 
Group (AIG) in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, and formerly as the Managing Director of AIG in the UK.  After joining 
AIG in June 2002 to lead AIG France, Mr. Aubert served in various other senior management positions, including Managing 
Director of Southern Europe, where he oversaw operations in 12 countries, including Israel. Prior to AIG, Mr. Aubert worked in 
various leadership positions at ACE, CIGNA, GAN and started his career at GENERALI. He holds specialized Masters 
Degrees in Insurance Law (DESS Assurances) from Pantheon-Sorbonne University of Paris and from Institut des Assurances de 
Paris (Universite Paris-Dauphine) and an M.B.A. from the French High Insurance Studies Center (CHEA). 

Anne D. Bodnar (age 59) - Ms. Bodnar has served as the Head of Human Resources at Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 
2016.  Previously, Ms. Bodnar served on Towers Watson’s Management Committee since January 2015, and as Towers 

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Watson’s Chief Administrative Officer since January 1, 2010.  Ms. Bodnar previously served as Managing Director of HR at 
Towers Perrin beginning in 2001.  From 1995 to 2000, Ms. Bodnar led Towers Perrin’s recruiting and learning and development 
efforts. Prior to that, she was a strategy consultant in Towers Perrin’s Human Capital business.  Earlier in her career, 
Ms. Bodnar held several operational and strategic planning roles at what is now JPMorgan Chase.  Additionally, Ms. Bodnar 
published a chapter entitled “HR as a Strategic Partner” in Human Resources Leadership Strategies: Fifteen Ways to Enhance 
HR Value in Your Company. She was elected to the YWCA’s Academy of Women Achievers in 1999.  Ms. Bodnar graduated 
cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa from Smith College and has an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School. 

Dominic Casserley (age 58) - Mr. Casserley has served as President, Deputy Chief Executive Officer, Head of Investment, 
Risk and Reinsurance and Director of Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 2016. Previously, Mr. Casserley served as Chief 
Executive Officer of Willis and as a Director of Willis since January 7, 2013.  Prior to joining Willis, Mr. Casserley was a senior 
partner of McKinsey & Company, which he joined in New York in 1983. During his 29 years at McKinsey, Mr. Casserley led 
the firm’s Greater China Practice and its UK and Ireland Practice. Mr. Casserley had been a member of the McKinsey 
Shareholders Council, the firm’s global Board, since 1999 and for four years served as the Chairman of the Finance Committee 
of that Board.  Mr. Casserley is a graduate of Cambridge University. 

James K. Foreman (age 57) - Mr. Foreman has served as Head of Exchange Solutions at Willis Towers Watson since January 
4, 2016. Mr. Foreman has announced his intention to retire on March 31, 2016 and will be succeeded by Mr. Gene Wickes as 
Head of Exchange Solutions. Previously, Mr. Foreman served as Managing Director of the Exchange Solutions business 
segment at Towers Watson since February 1, 2014.  Prior to that, Mr. Foreman served in several other leadership positions 
including Managing Director, The Americas of Towers Watson since April 2011 and Managing Director of the North America 
region of Towers Watson since 2010.  Prior to that, Mr. Foreman served as Managing Director of the Human Capital Group 
since 2007.  Mr. Foreman joined Towers Perrin in 1985 and worked for almost 20 years in a number of other leadership 
positions including Managing Director of Towers Perrin’s Health and Welfare practice and a member of Towers Perrin’s Board 
of Directors from 2003 to 2005 before joining Aetna Inc. in 2005 to become the Executive Vice President of its National 
Businesses division.  He rejoined Towers Perrin in June 2007. Mr. Foreman holds a bachelor’s degree in Business Economics 
from the University of California at Los Angeles.

Matthew S. Furman (age 46) - Mr. Furman has served as General Counsel at Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 2016.  
Previously, Mr. Furman served as Executive Vice President and Group General Counsel at Willis, where he was a member of 
Willis’ Operating Committee since April 2015.  From 2007 until March 2015, Mr. Furman was Senior Vice President, Group 
General Counsel-Corporate and Governance, and Corporate Secretary for The Travelers Companies, Inc.  From 2000 until 
2007, Mr. Furman was an attorney at Goldman, Sachs & Co. in New York, where he was Vice President and Associate General 
Counsel in the finance and corporate legal group. Prior to that, he was in private practice, with almost six years’ experience at 
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett in New York.  Mr. Furman also serves as a Director of the Legal Aid Society and a member of the 
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s Investor Advisory Committee. He holds a bachelor’s degree from Brown 
University and a law degree from Harvard Law School. 

Adam L. Garrard (age 50) - Mr. Garrard has served as Head of International at Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 2016.  
Previously, Mr. Garrard served as Chief Executive Officer for Willis Group Holdings in Asia since September 2012. Prior to 
that, Mr. Garrard served as Chief Executive Officer for Willis in Europe since January 2009, Chief Executive Officer for Willis 
in Australasia since May 2005 and Chief Executive Officer for Asia since January 2002.  Mr. Garrard has resided in Singapore, 
Shanghai, Sydney and London while undertaking his Chief Executive Officer roles.  After graduating from De Montfort 
University with a bachelor’s degree in Business Administration in 1992, Mr. Garrard joined SBJ Stephenson Insurance Brokers 
before joining Willis in 1994.

Julie J. Gebauer (age 54) - Ms. Gebauer has served as Head of Human Capital & Benefits at Willis Towers Watson since 
January 4, 2016.  Previously, Ms. Gebauer served as Managing Director of Towers Watson’s Talent and Rewards business 
segment since January 1, 2010.  Beginning in 2002, Ms. Gebauer served as a Managing Director of Towers Perrin and led 
Towers Perrin’s global Workforce Effectiveness Practice and the global Towers Perrin-International Survey Research 
Corporation line of business. Ms. Gebauer was a member of Towers Perrin’s Board of Directors from 2003 through 2006. She 
joined Towers Perrin in 1986 as a consultant and held several leadership positions at Towers Perrin, serving as the Managing 
Principal for the New York office from 1999 to 2001 and the U.S. East Region Leader for the Human Capital Group from 2002 
to 2006.  Ms. Gebauer graduated Phi Beta Kappa and with high distinction from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln with a 
bachelor’s degree in Mathematics, and was designated a Chancellor’s Scholar.

John J. Haley (age 66) - Mr. Haley has served as Chief Executive Officer and Director since January 4, 2016.  Previously, Mr. 
Haley served as the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Towers Watson since January 1, 2010, 

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and as President since October 3, 2011.  Prior to that, Mr. Haley served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Watson 
Wyatt beginning on January 1, 1999, as Chairman of the Board of Watson Wyatt beginning in 1999 and as a director of Watson 
Wyatt beginning in 1992. Mr. Haley joined Watson Wyatt in 1977.  Prior to becoming President and Chief Executive Officer of 
Watson Wyatt, he was the Global Director of the Benefits Group at Watson Wyatt. Mr. Haley is a Fellow of the Society of 
Actuaries, and a member of the American Academy of Actuaries and the Conference of Consulting Actuaries. He is also a co-
author of Fundamentals of Private Pensions (University of Pennsylvania Press). Mr. Haley also serves on the board of 
MAXIMUS, Inc., a provider of health and human services program management, consulting services and system solutions, and 
previously served on the board of Hudson Global, Inc., an executive search, specialty staffing and related consulting services 
firm. He has an A.B. in Mathematics from Rutgers College and studied under a Fellowship at the Graduate School of 
Mathematics at Yale University.

Carl A. Hess (age 54) - Mr. Hess has served as Co-Head of North America at Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 2016.  
Previously, Mr. Hess served as Managing Director, The Americas of Towers Watson since February 1, 2014, and prior to that, 
he served as the Managing Director of Towers Watson’s Investment business since January 1, 2010.  Prior to that, Mr. Hess 
worked in a variety of roles over 20 years at Watson Wyatt, lastly as Global Practice Director of Watson Wyatt’s Investment 
business.  Mr. Hess is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries and the Conference of Consulting Actuaries, and a Chartered 
Enterprise Risk Analyst.  He has a bachelor’s degree cum laude in Logic and Language from Yale University. 

Todd Jones (age 51) - Mr. Jones has served as Co-Head of North America at Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 2016.  
Previously, Mr. Jones served as an executive officer and Chief Executive Officer of Willis North America since July 1, 2013.  
Mr. Jones joined Willis in 2003 as the North American Practice Leader for Willis’ Executive Risks Practice and served as the 
President of Willis North America from 2010 to 2013.  Mr. Jones also served as a National Partner for the Northeast Region.  
Prior to joining Willis, Mr. Jones held various leadership roles in the insurance brokerage industry.  Before entering the 
brokerage industry, he was a financial analyst and corporate banker for a regional bank that is now part of Wells Fargo, focusing 
on the telecommunications industry.  He holds a bachelor’s degree in Business from Wake Forest University and an M.B.A. 
from the Stern School of Business at New York University. 

Roger F. Millay (age 58) - Mr. Millay has served as Chief Financial Officer at Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 2016.  
Previously, Mr. Millay served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Towers Watson since January 1, 2010, and he 
previously held the same position at Watson Wyatt since August 2008.  Prior to joining Watson Wyatt, Mr. Millay was with 
Discovery Communications LLC, a global cable TV programmer and digital media provider, where he served as Senior 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer beginning in 2006.  At Discovery, he was responsible for the global 
financial functions, including accounting, treasury, budgeting, audit and tax.  From 1999 to 2006, Mr. Millay was Senior Vice 
President and Chief Financial Officer with Airgas, Inc., an industrial gases and supplies distributor and producer.  Mr. Millay 
has over 25 years of experience in financial officer positions, including roles at Arthur Young & Company, Citigroup, and GE 
Capital.  He holds a bachelor’s degree from the University of Virginia and a master’s degree in Accounting from Georgetown 
University’s Graduate School of Business, and he is a Certified Public Accountant. 

Paul G. Morris (age 51) - Mr. Morris has served as Head of Western Europe at Willis Towers Watson since January 4, 2016.  
Previously, Mr. Morris served as Managing Director for Towers Watson in Europe, the Middle East and Africa since 
September 1, 2011.  Prior to that, Mr. Morris served as Director, Consulting Services, for Towers Watson beginning January 1, 
2010.  Mr. Morris served as a Managing Consultant of Watson Wyatt from 2005 until the consummation of the merger of 
Towers Perrin and Watson Wyatt.  He joined The Wyatt Company in 1988.  Following the establishment of the global Watson 
Wyatt Worldwide alliance in 1995, Mr. Morris served as a Senior Consultant of Watson Wyatt Partners from 1995 through 1999 
and became a partner in 1999.  Mr. Morris is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries, a Member of the Institute of Actuaries, and 
has a bachelor’s degree in Applied Mathematics from Harvard College and an M.Sc. in Applied Mathematics from Harvard 
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. 

David Shalders (age 49) - Mr. Shalders has served as Operations and Technology Director at Willis Towers Watson since 
January 4, 2016.  Previously, Mr. Shalders served as an executive officer and Group Operations & Technology Director of 
Willis since November 4, 2013.  Prior to joining Willis, Mr. Shalders spent over a decade in senior operations and IT roles at the 
Royal Bank of Scotland Group, most recently as Global COO for Global Banking and Markets.  Mr. Shalders also held roles as 
Head of London & Asia Operations and Head of Derivative Operations for NatWest at RBS.  Prior to RBS, Mr. Shalders held 
various IT and Operations leadership roles at Accenture, JP Morgan and SG Warburg. He has an M.A. in Geography from 
Cambridge University and an M.Sc. in Computer Science from The London School of Economics. 

Gene H. Wickes (age 63) - Mr. Wickes has served as an Executive Sponsor of the combined Willis Towers Watson merger 
integration team since January 4, 2016 and will become the Head of Exchange Solutions and an Executive Officer at Willis 

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Towers Watson on April 1, 2016.  Previously, he served as the Managing Director of the Benefits business segment of Towers 
Watson from January 1, 2010 until the closing of the Willis Towers Watson merger.  Previously, he served as the Global 
Director of the Benefits Practice of Watson Wyatt beginning in 2005 and as a member of Watson Wyatt’s Board of Directors 
from 2002 to 2007. Mr. Wickes was Watson Wyatt’s Global Retirement Practice Director in 2004 and the U.S. West Division’s 
Retirement Practice Leader from 1997 to 2004. Mr. Wickes joined Watson Wyatt in 1996 as a senior consultant and consulting 
actuary. Prior to joining Watson Wyatt, he spent 18 years with Towers Perrin, where he assisted organizations with welfare, 
retirement, and executive benefit issues. Mr. Wickes is a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries and a member of the Conference of 
Consulting Actuaries, and has a B.S. in Mathematics and Economics, an M.S. in Mathematics and an M.S. in Economics, all 
from Brigham Young University.

Timothy D. Wright (age 54) - Mr. Wright has served as Head of Corporate Risk & Broking at Willis Towers Watson since 
January 4, 2016.  Previously, Mr. Wright served as an executive officer at Willis Group beginning in 2008.  In 2011, he was 
appointed as CEO of Willis International, and before that served as Group Chief Operating Officer from 2008 to 2011.  Prior to 
joining the Willis Group, he was a Partner of Bain & Company where he led their Financial Services practice in London.  
Mr. Wright was previously UK Managing Partner of Booz Allen & Hamilton and led their insurance work globally.  He has 
almost 30 years of experience in the insurance and financial service industries internationally.  Mr. Wright graduated with a 
degree in Law from Manchester University and received his PhD in Public International Law from Cambridge University. 

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Item 1A - Risk Factors

In addition to the factors discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following are some of the important 
factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements. These 
risk factors should be carefully considered in evaluating our business. The descriptions below are not the only risks and 
uncertainties that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that are presently unknown to us may also impair our business 
operations, financial condition or results. If any of the risks and uncertainties below or other risks were to occur, our business 
operations, financial condition or results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted. With respect to the tax-
related consequences of acquisition, ownership and disposal of ordinary shares, you should consult with your own tax advisors. 

Risks Relating to our Business

Demand for our services could decrease for various reasons, including a general economic downturn, a decline in a 
client’s or an industry’s financial condition or prospects, or a decline in defined benefit pension plans or the purchasing 
of insurance that could materially adversely affect our results of operations.

We can give no assurance that the demand for our services will grow or that we will compete successfully with our existing 
competitors, new competitors or our clients’ internal capabilities. Client demand for our services may change based on the 
clients’ needs and financial conditions.

Our results of operations are affected directly by the level of business activity of our clients, which in turn are affected by the 
level of economic activity in the industries and markets that they serve. Economic slowdowns in some markets have caused and 
may continue to cause reduction in discretionary spending by our clients, result in longer client payment terms, an increase in 
late payments by clients and an increase in uncollectible accounts receivable, each of which may reduce the demand for our 
services, increase price competition and adversely impact our growth, profit margins and liquidity. If our clients enter 
bankruptcy or liquidate their operations (which has already occurred with respect to some of our current clients), our revenues 
could be materially adversely affected.

While it is difficult to predict the consequences of any further deterioration in global economic conditions on our business, any 
significant reduction or delay by our clients in purchasing our services or insurance or making payment of premiums could have 
a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the potential for a significant insurer 
to fail, be downgraded or withdraw from writing certain lines of insurance coverages that we offer our clients could negatively 
impact overall capacity in the industry, which could then reduce the placement of certain lines and types of insurance and 
reduce our revenues and profitability. The potential for an insurer to fail or be downgraded could also result in errors and 
omissions claims by clients.

In addition, the demand for many of our core benefit services, including compliance-related services, is affected by government 
regulation and taxation of employee benefit plans. Significant changes in tax or social welfare policy or other regulations could 
lead some employers to discontinue their employee benefit plans, including defined benefit pension plans, thereby reducing the 
demand for our services. A simplification of regulations or tax policy also could reduce the need for our services.

We could be subject to claims arising from our work, as well as government inquiries and investigations, which could 
materially adversely affect our reputation, business and financial condition.

We depend in large part on our relationships with clients and our reputation for high-quality services to secure future 
engagements. Clients that become dissatisfied with our services may terminate their business relationships with us, and clients 
and third parties that claim they suffered damages caused by our services may bring lawsuits against us. We are subject to 
various actual and potential claims, lawsuits, investigations and other proceedings relating principally to alleged errors and 
omissions in connection with the provision of our services or the placement of insurance and reinsurance in the ordinary course 
of business. Because we often assist our clients with matters, including actuarial services and the placement of insurance 
coverage and the handling of related claims, involving substantial amounts of money, errors and omissions claims against us 
may arise that allege our potential liability for all or part of the substantial amounts in question.  The nature of our work, 
particularly our actuarial services, necessarily involves the use of assumptions and the preparation of estimates relating to future 
and contingent events, the actual outcome of which we cannot know in advance. Our actuarial and brokerage services also rely 
on substantial amounts of data provided by clients, the accuracy and quality of which we cannot ensure. In addition, we could 
make computational, software programming or data management errors in connection with the services we provide to clients.

Clients may seek to hold us responsible for alleged errors or omissions related to any of the brokerage advice and services we 
provide, including when claims they submit to their insurance carriers are disputed or denied.  For example, clients may make:

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•  Claims that appropriate and necessary coverage was not obtained, leaving clients without insurance coverage for some 

or all of its losses; 

•  Claims that misrepresentations were made regarding the scope of coverage provided by their insurance policies; and

•  Claims that notice of a claim was not timely made to all involved carriers resulting in a limitation or denial of coverage 

based on late notice.

Given that many of our clients have very high insurance policy limits to cover all of their risks, alleged errors and omissions 
claims against us arising from disputed or denied claims are often significant.  Therefore, our exposure to liability on any 
particular engagement is often substantially greater than the revenue that the engagement generates for us. Moreover, in a 
number of markets and in various circumstances, our brokerage terms of business do not limit the maximum liability to which 
we may be exposed for claims involving alleged errors or omissions; and as such, we do not have limited liability for the work 
we provide to the associated clients.

Clients may seek to hold us responsible for the financial consequences of variances between assumptions and estimates and 
actual outcomes or for errors. For example, clients may make:

•  Claims that actuarial assumptions were unreasonable or that there were computational errors leading to pension plan 

underfunding or under-reserving for insurance claim liabilities;

•  Claims of failure to review adequately or detect deficiencies in data, which could lead to an underestimation of pension 

plan or insurance claim liabilities; and

•  Claims that employee benefit plan documents were misinterpreted or plan amendments were faulty, leading to 

unintended plan benefits or overpayments to beneficiaries.

Given that we frequently work with large pension funds and insurance companies, relatively small percentage errors or 
variances can create significant financial variances and result in significant claims for unintended or unfunded liabilities. The 
risks from such variances or errors could be aggravated in an environment of declining pension fund asset values and insurance 
company capital levels. In almost all cases, our exposure to liability with respect to a particular engagement is substantially 
greater than the revenue opportunity that the engagement generates for us.

In the case of liability for pension plan actuarial errors, a client’s claims might focus on the client’s alleged reliance that 
actuarial assumptions were reasonable and, based on such reliance, the client made benefit commitments the client may later 
claim are not affordable or funding decisions that result in plan underfunding if and when actual outcomes vary from actuarial 
assumptions.

We are also subject to actual and potential claims, lawsuits, investigations and proceedings outside of errors and omissions 
claims. An example of material claims for which we are subject that are outside of the error and omissions claims context relate 
to those arising out of the collapse of The Stanford Financial Group, for which we acted as brokers of record on certain lines of 
insurance. We could be required to increase our financial reserve on the Stanford litigation, which could cause a material 
adverse effect on our financial statements or reputation.

The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained and liabilities in indeterminate amounts may be imposed on us. It 
is thus possible that future results of operations or cash flows for any particular quarterly or annual period could be materially 
affected by an unfavorable resolution of these matters. In addition, these matters continue to divert management and personnel 
resources away from operating our business. Even if we do not experience significant monetary costs, there may also be 
adverse publicity associated with these matters that could result in reputational harm to the insurance brokerage industry in 
general or to us in particular that may adversely affect our business, client or employee relationships.

Lawsuits arising out of any of our services could adversely affect our financial performance and financial condition and could 
result in increased insurance costs or a reduction in the amount of available insurance coverage. In addition to defense costs and 
liability exposure, which may be significant, claims may produce negative publicity that could hurt our reputation and business 
and could require substantial amounts of management attention, which could affect management’s focus on operations.

Finally, we may be subject to inquiries and investigations by federal, state or other governmental agencies regarding aspects of 
our clients’ businesses or our own businesses, especially regulated businesses such as our broker-dealer and investment 
advisory services. Such inquiries or investigations may consume significant management time and result in regulatory 

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sanctions, fines or other actions as well as significant legal fees, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, 
results of operations and liquidity.

Our compliance systems and controls cannot guarantee that we comply with all applicable federal and state or foreign 
laws and regulations, and actions by regulatory authorities or changes in applicable laws and regulations in the 
jurisdictions in which we operate may have an adverse effect on our business.

Our activities are subject to extensive regulation under the laws of the United States, the United Kingdom, the European Union 
and its member states, and the other jurisdictions around the world in which we operate. In addition, we own an interest in a 
number of associates where we do not exercise management control. Over the last few years, regulators across the world are 
increasingly seeking to regulate brokers who operate in their jurisdictions. The foreign and U.S. laws and regulations applicable 
to our operations are complex, continually evolving and may increase the costs of regulatory compliance, limit or restrict the 
products or services we sell or subject our business to the possibility of regulatory actions or proceedings. These laws and 
regulations include insurance and financial industry regulations, economic and trade sanctions laws relating to countries such as 
Cuba, Iran, Russia, Sudan and Syria, anti-corruption laws such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act 
2010 and similar local laws prohibiting corrupt payments to governmental officials and the Foreign Account Tax Compliance 
provisions of the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act in the U.S., as well as import and export restrictions and laws 
and regulations related to data privacy and cyber security.

In most jurisdictions, governmental and regulatory authorities have the ability to interpret and amend these laws and regulations 
and impose penalties for non-compliance, including sanctions, civil remedies, monetary fines, injunctions, revocation of 
licenses or approvals, suspension of individuals, limitations on business activities or redress to clients. While we believe that we 
have substantially increased our focus on the geographic breadth of regulations to which we are subject, maintain good 
relationships with our key regulators and our current systems and controls are adequate, we cannot assure that such systems and 
controls will prevent any violations of any applicable laws and regulations. In particular, given the challenges of integrating 
operations, many of which are de-centralized, we cannot assure that our newly-acquired entities’ business systems and controls 
have prevented or will prevent any and all violations of applicable laws or regulations.

Data security breaches or improper disclosure of confidential company or personal data could result in material 
financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm or legal liability.

We depend on information technology networks and systems to process, transmit and store electronic information and to 
communicate among our locations around the world and with our alliance partners and clients. Computer viruses, hackers and 
other external hazards, as well as improper or inadvertent staff behavior could expose confidential company and personal data 
systems to security breaches. Additionally, one of our significant responsibilities is to maintain the security and privacy of our 
clients’ confidential and proprietary information and the personal data of their customers and/or employees. These increased 
risks, and expanding regulatory requirements regarding data security could expose us to data loss, monetary and reputational 
damages and significant increases in compliance costs.

With respect to our commercial arrangements with third-party vendors, we have processes designed to require third-party IT 
outsourcing, offsite storage and other vendors to agree to maintain certain standards with respect to the storage, protection and 
transfer of confidential, personal and proprietary information. However, we remain at risk of a data breach due to the intentional 
or unintentional non-compliance by a vendor’s employee or agent, the breakdown of a vendor’s data protection processes, or a 
cyber-attack on a vendor’s information systems.

We are subject to numerous U.S. and foreign jurisdiction laws and regulations designed to protect this information, such as the 
European Union Directive on Data Protection and various U.S. federal and state laws governing the protection of health or 
other individually identifiable information. If any person, including any of our colleagues, fails to comply with, disregards or 
intentionally breaches our established controls with respect to such data or otherwise mismanages or misappropriates that data, 
we could be subject to monetary damages, fines or criminal prosecution. Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential 
client or employee data, whether through systems failure, accident, employee negligence, fraud or misappropriation, could 
damage our reputation and cause us to lose clients. Similarly, unauthorized access to or through our information systems or 
those we develop for our clients, whether by our colleagues or third parties, could result in significant additional expenses 
(including expenses relating to notification of data security breaches and costs of credit monitoring services), negative publicity, 
legal liability and damage to our reputation, as well as require substantial resources and effort of management, thereby diverting 
management’s focus and resources from business operations.

We have experienced a number of data incidents, resulting from human error as well as attempts at unauthorized access to our 
systems.  We maintain policies, procedures and technological safeguards designed to protect the security and privacy of this 

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information. However, we cannot entirely eliminate the risk of data security breaches, improper access to or disclosure of 
confidential company or personally identifiable information. Our technology may fail to adequately secure the private 
information we hold and protect it from theft, computer viruses, hackers or inadvertent loss. In such circumstances, we may be 
held liable to our clients, which could result in legal liability or impairment to our reputation resulting in increased costs or loss 
of revenue. Further, data privacy, information security, identity theft, and related computer and internet issues are matters of 
growing public concern and are subject to frequently changing rules and regulations. Our failure to adhere to or successfully 
implement processes in response to changing regulatory requirements and customer expectations in this area could result in 
legal liability or impairment to our reputation.

Interruption to or loss of our information processing capabilities or failure to effectively maintain and upgrade our 
information processing hardware or systems could cause material financial loss, regulatory actions, reputational harm 
or legal liability.

Our business depends significantly on effective information systems. Our capacity to service our clients relies on effective 
storage, retrieval, processing and management of information. Our information systems also rely on the commitment of 
significant resources to maintain and enhance existing systems, develop and create new systems and products in order to keep 
pace with continuing changes in information processing technology or evolving industry and regulatory standards and to be at 
the forefront of a range of technology relevant to our business.

If the data we rely on to run our business were found to be inaccurate or unreliable or if we fail to maintain effective and 
efficient systems (including through a telecommunications failure, failure to replace or update redundant or obsolete computer 
hardware, applications or software systems or if we experience other disruptions), this could result in material financial loss, 
regulatory action, reputational harm or legal liability.

Our inability to successfully recover should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem could cause 
material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm or legal liability.

Should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem, such as an earthquake, hurricane, terrorist attack, 
pandemic, security breach, power loss, telecommunications failure or other natural or man-made disaster, our continued success 
will depend, in part, on the availability of our personnel, our office facilities, and the proper functioning of our computer, 
telecommunication and other related systems and operations. In such an event, we could experience near-term operational 
challenges with regard to particular areas of our operations.

In particular, our ability to recover from any disaster or other business continuity problem will depend on our ability to protect 
our technology infrastructure against damage from business continuity events that could have a significant disruptive effect on 
our operations. We could potentially lose client data or experience material adverse interruptions to our operations or delivery 
of services to our clients in a disaster.

We will continue to regularly assess and take steps to improve upon our business continuity plans. However, a disaster on a 
significant scale or affecting certain of our key operating areas within or across regions, or our inability to successfully recover 
should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem, could materially interrupt our business operations and 
cause material financial loss, loss of human capital, regulatory actions, reputational harm, damaged client relationships or legal 
liability.

Damage to our reputation could damage our businesses.

Maintaining a positive reputation is critical to our ability to attract and maintain relationships with clients and colleagues. 
Damage to our reputation could therefore cause significant harm to our business and prospects. Harm to our reputation can arise 
from numerous sources, including, among others, employee misconduct, litigation or regulatory action, failure to deliver 
minimum standards of service and quality, compliance failures and unethical behavior. Negative publicity, whether or not true, 
may also result in harm to our prospects.

We could also suffer significant reputational harm if we fail to properly identify and manage potential conflicts of interest. 
Identifying conflicts of interest may prove particularly difficult in the near-term while we bring together and integrate Legacy 
Willis, Legacy Towers Watson and Gras Savoye.  In addition, we may encounter more conflicts of interest than anticipated in 
connection with the Merger or the Gras Savoye acquisition and we may not be able to adequately address such conflicts of 
interest. 

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The failure or perceived failure to adequately address conflicts of interest could affect the willingness of clients to deal with us, 
or give rise to litigation or enforcement actions. There can be no assurance that conflicts of interest will not arise in the future 
that could cause material harm to us.

Our ability to successfully manage ongoing organizational changes could impact our business results.

We have recently undergone several significant business and organizational changes, including the Merger, the acquisitions of 
Gras Savoye, and Miller Insurance Services, LLP, and our ongoing multi-year operational improvement program. In addition, 
as we have experienced, competition to retain or recruit talent is heightened in a challenging rate environment or during a time 
when we are experiencing significant change. Effectively managing these organizational changes is critical to retaining talent, 
servicing clients and our business success overall. The failure to effectively manage such risks could adversely impact our 
business or financial results.

We do not control the premiums on which our commissions are based, and volatility or declines in premiums may 
seriously undermine our profitability.

We derive significant revenues from commissions for brokerage services and do not determine the insurance premiums on 
which our commissions are generally based. Commission levels generally follow the same trend as premium levels, as they are 
a percentage of the premiums paid by the insureds. Fluctuations in the premiums charged by the insurance carriers can therefore 
have a direct and potentially material impact on our results of operations. Due to the cyclical nature of the insurance market and 
the impact of other market conditions on insurance premiums, commission levels may vary widely between accounting periods. 
A period of low or declining premium rates, generally known as a ‘soft’ or ‘softening’ market, generally leads to downward 
pressure on commission revenues and can have a material adverse impact on our commission revenues and operating margin. A 
‘hard’ or ‘firming’ market, during which premium rates rise, generally has a favorable impact on our commission revenues and 
operating margin. Rates, however, vary by geography, industry and client segment. We have been and continue to be negatively 
impacted by soft market conditions across certain sectors and geographic regions. In addition, insurance carriers may seek to 
reduce their expenses by reducing the commission rates payable to insurance agents or brokers such as ourselves. The reduction 
of these commission rates, along with general volatility and/or declines in premiums, may significantly undermine our 
profitability.

We could incur substantial losses, including with respect to our own cash and fiduciary cash held on behalf of 
insurance companies and clients, if one of the financial institutions we use in our operations failed.

We maintain significant cash balances at various U.S. depository institutions that are significantly in excess of the U.S. Federal 
Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. We also maintain significant cash balances in foreign financial institutions. A 
significant portion of this cash is fiduciary cash held on behalf of insurance companies or clients. If one or more of the 
institutions in which we maintain significant cash balances were to fail, our ability to access these funds might be temporarily 
or permanently limited, and we could face a material liquidity problem and potentially material financial losses. We would also 
be liable to claims made by the insurance companies or our clients regarding the fiduciary cash held on their behalf.

Accepting market derived income (MDI) may cause regulatory or other scrutiny, which may have a material and adverse 
effect on our business.

Insurance intermediaries have traditionally been remunerated by commission or fees paid by clients. Intermediaries also obtain 
revenue from insurance carriers. This is commonly known as market derived income or ‘MDI’. MDI takes a variety of forms, 
including volume- or profit-based contingent commissions, facilities administration charges, business development agreements, 
and fees for providing certain data to carriers.

MDI creates various risks. Intermediaries have a duty to act in the best interests of their clients and payments from carriers can 
incentivize intermediaries to put carriers’ interests ahead of their clients. Accordingly, MDI may be subject to scrutiny by 
various regulators under conflict of interest, anti-trust, unfair competition, and anti-bribery laws and regulations. While 
accepting MDI is a lawful and acceptable business practice, and while we have established systems and controls to manage 
these risks, we cannot predict whether our position will result in regulatory or other scrutiny.

Investment in innovative product offerings may fail to yield sufficient return to cover their investment.

From time to time, we may enter new lines of business or offer new products and services within existing lines of business. 
There can be substantial risks and uncertainties associated with these efforts, including the investment of significant time and 
resources, the possibility that these efforts will be unprofitable, and the risk of additional liabilities associated with these efforts. 
Failure to successfully manage these risks in the development and implementation of new lines of business and new products 

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and services could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results for operations. External factors, 
such as compliance with regulations, competitive alternatives and shifting market preferences, may also impact the successful 
implementation of a new line of business. In addition, we can provide no assurance that the entry into new lines of business or 
development of new products and services will be successful.

We are continually developing and investing in new and innovative offerings that we believe will address needs that we identify 
in the market. Nevertheless, the ability of these efforts to produce meaningful value is dependent on a number of other factors, 
some of which are outside of our control. 

The ongoing uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets related to the U.S. budget deficit, the UK’s potential exit 
from the European Union, the European sovereign debt crisis and the state of the U.S. economic recovery may 
adversely affect the Company’s operating results.

Global financial markets continue to experience disruptions, including increased volatility, and diminished liquidity and credit 
availability. In particular, developments in Europe have created uncertainty with respect to the ability of certain European 
countries to continue to service their sovereign debt obligations. This debt crisis and related European financial restructuring 
efforts may cause the value of the Euro to deteriorate, reducing the purchasing power of our European clients and reducing the 
translation of Euro based revenues into U.S. dollars. For the year ended December 31, 2015, approximately 11% of Legacy 
Willis revenues were derived from countries which use the Euro as their primary currency. In the event that one or more 
countries were to replace the Euro with their legacy currency, then the Company’s sales in and to such countries, or Europe 
generally, would likely be adversely affected until stable exchange rates were established. In addition, the European crisis is 
contributing to instability in global credit markets. If global economic and market conditions, or economic and financial market 
conditions in Europe, the United States or other key markets, remain uncertain, persist, or deteriorate further, our clients may 
respond by suspending, delaying or reducing their expenditures, which may adversely affect our cash flows and results of 
operations. Finally, the UK may seek to leave the European Union (the ‘EU’) and adopt an as yet unknown relationship with the 
EU.  If this occurred, it could affect economic or market conditions in all of Europe and beyond and could contribute to 
instability in global credit markets.  Any such exit by the UK from the EU could have a material adverse affect on us and our 
operations. 

The loss of key colleagues could damage or result in the loss of client relationships and could result in such 
colleagues competing against us.

Our success depends on our ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel, including key managers and colleagues. 
In addition, our success largely depends upon our colleagues’ abilities to generate business and provide quality services. In 
particular, our colleagues’ business relationships with our clients are a critical element of obtaining and maintaining client 
engagements. If we lose colleagues who manage substantial client relationships or possess substantial experience or expertise or 
if we are unable to successfully attract new talent, it could materially adversely affect our ability to secure and complete 
engagements, which would materially adversely affect our results of operations and prospects. In addition, we have experienced 
intense competition for certain types of colleagues in the past, and if any of our key colleagues were to join a competitor or 
form a competing company or we are unable to continue to recruit key colleagues, existing and potential clients could choose to 
use the services of that competitor instead of Willis Towers Watson’s services.

Over time, the trend of employers shifting from defined benefit plans to defined contribution plans could materially 
adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our retirement consulting and actuarial business comprises a substantial portion of our revenue and profit. We provide clients 
with actuarial and consulting services relating to both defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans. Defined benefit 
pension plans generally require more actuarial services than defined contribution plans because defined benefit plans typically 
involve large asset pools, complex calculations to determine employer costs, funding requirements and sophisticated analysis to 
match liabilities and assets over long periods of time. If organizations shift to defined contribution plans more rapidly than we 
anticipate, or if we are unable to otherwise compensate for the decline in our business that results from employers moving away 
from defined benefit plans, our business operations and related results of operations will be materially adversely affected.

Our significant non-U.S. operations, particularly our London market operations, expose us to exchange rate 
fluctuations and various other risks that could impact our business.

A significant portion of our operations is conducted outside the United States. Accordingly, we are subject to legal, economic 
and market risks associated with operating in foreign countries, including devaluations and fluctuations in currency exchange 
rates; imposition of limitations on conversion of foreign currencies into pounds sterling or dollars or remittance of dividends 

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and other payments by foreign subsidiaries; hyperinflation in certain foreign countries; imposition or increase of investment and 
other restrictions by foreign governments; and the requirement of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws.

We report our operating results and financial condition in U.S. dollars. Our U.S. operations earn revenue and incur expenses 
primarily in U.S. dollars. In our London market operations, however, we earn revenue in a number of different currencies, but 
expenses are almost entirely incurred in pounds sterling. Outside the United States and our London market operations, we 
predominantly generate revenue and expenses in the local currency. The table below gives an approximate analysis of revenues 
and expenses by currency for Legacy Willis operations in 2015. 

Revenues
Expenses

US
Dollars
58%
47%

Pounds
Sterling 
9%
25%

Euros
13%
8%

Other
currencies
20%
20%

Because of devaluations and fluctuations in currency exchange rates or the imposition of limitations on conversion of foreign 
currencies into U.S. dollars, we are subject to currency translation exposure on the profits of our operations, in addition to 
economic exposure. Furthermore, the mismatch between pounds sterling revenues and expenses, together with any net sterling 
balance sheet position we hold in our U.S. dollar denominated London market operations, creates an exchange exposure.

For example, as the pound sterling strengthens, the U.S. dollars required to be translated into pounds sterling to cover the net 
sterling expenses increase, which then causes our results to be negatively impacted. However, any net sterling asset we are 
holding will be more valuable when translated into U.S. dollars. Given these facts, the strength of the pound sterling relative to 
the U.S. dollar has in the past had a material negative impact on our reported results. This risk could have a material adverse 
effect on our financial condition, cash flow and results of operations in the future. 

In conducting our businesses around the world, we are subject to political, economic, legal, cultural, market, 
nationalization, operational and other risks that are inherent in operating in many countries.

In conducting our businesses and maintaining and supporting our global operations, we are subject to political, economic, legal, 
market, nationalization, operational and other risks. Our businesses and operations continue to expand into new regions 
throughout the world, including emerging markets. The possible effects of economic and financial disruptions throughout the 
world could have an adverse impact on our businesses. These risks include:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the general economic and political conditions in foreign countries; 

the imposition of controls or limitations on the conversion of foreign currencies or remittance of dividends and other 
payments by foreign subsidiaries;

the imposition of sanctions by both the United States and foreign governments;

imposition of withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments from subsidiaries;

imposition or increase of investment and other restrictions by foreign governments;

the price of commodities, such as oil;

fluctuations in our tax rate;

difficulties in controlling operations and monitoring employees in geographically dispersed and culturally diverse 
locations;

the practical challenge and costs of complying, or monitoring compliance, with a wide variety of foreign laws (some 
of which are evolving or not as well-developed as the laws of the U.S. or UK or which may conflict with U.S. or other 
sources of law), laws and regulations applicable to insurance brokers and other business operations abroad (in more 
than 120 countries including many countries in Africa), including laws, rules and regulations relating to the conduct of 
business, trade sanctions laws administered by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control, the EU, the UK and the UN, 
and the requirements of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act as well as other anti-bribery and corruption rules and 
requirements in all of the countries in which we operate; and

• 

the practical challenge and costs of complying with local regulation for our operating subsidiaries across the globe.

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Our clients could terminate or reduce our services at any time, which could decrease associate utilization, adversely 
impacting our profitability and results of operations.

For consulting, advisory and similar engagements, our clients generally are able to terminate or reduce our engagements at any 
time. If a client reduces the scope of, or terminates the use of, our services with little or no notice, our associate utilization will 
decline. In such cases, we will need to rapidly re-deploy our colleagues to other engagements (if possible) in order to minimize 
the potential negative impact on our financial performance. In addition, because a sizeable portion of our work is project-based 
rather than recurring in nature, our associate utilization will depend on our ability to continually secure additional engagements.

Our quarterly revenues could fluctuate while our expenses are relatively fixed.

Quarterly variations in our revenues and results of operations have occurred in the past and could occur as a result of a number 
of factors, such as:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the significance of client engagements commenced and completed during a quarter;

the seasonality of certain types of services. For example, our Retirement revenues typically are more heavily weighted 
toward the first and fourth quarters of the calendar year;

the number of business days in a quarter;

colleague hiring and utilization rates;

clients’ ability to terminate engagements without penalty;

the size and scope of assignments; and

general economic conditions.

A sizeable portion of our total operating expenses is relatively fixed, encompassing the majority of administrative, occupancy, 
communications and other expenses, depreciation and amortization, and salaries and employee benefits excluding fiscal year-
end incentive bonuses. Therefore, a variation in the number of client assignments or in the timing of the initiation or the 
completion of client assignments or our inability to forecast demand can cause significant variations in quarterly operating 
results and could result in losses and volatility in our stock price.

Improper management of our engagements could hurt our financial results.

Most of our consulting services contracts are structured on a fixed-fee basis or a time-and-expense basis. The profitability of 
our fixed-fee engagements depends on our ability to correctly estimate the costs and timing required for completion of the 
engagements and our ability to control our costs and improve our efficiency. The profitability of the engagements that are 
priced on a time-and-expense basis depends on our ability to maintain competitive billing rates, as well as our ability to control 
our costs. If we do not correctly estimate the costs and manage the performance of our engagements, we may incur losses on 
individual engagements and experience lower profit margins and, as a result, our overall financial results could be materially 
adversely affected.

Our business will be negatively affected if we are not able to anticipate and keep pace with rapid changes in 
government regulations or if government regulations decrease the need for our services or increase our costs.

A material portion of our revenue is affected by statutory changes. Many areas in which we provide services are the subject of 
government regulation, which is constantly evolving. For example, our activities in connection with insurance brokerage 
services are subject to regulation and supervision by national, state or other authorities. Insurance laws in the markets in which 
we operate are often complex and generally grant broad discretion to supervisory authorities in adopting regulations and 
supervising regulated activities. That supervision generally includes the licensing of insurance brokers and agents and the 
regulation of the handling and investment of client funds held in a fiduciary capacity. Our continuing ability to provide 
insurance brokerage in the markets in which we currently operate is dependent upon our compliance with the rules and 
regulations promulgated from time to time by the regulatory authorities in each of these locations. 

Changes in government and accounting regulations in the United States and the United Kingdom, two of our principal 
geographic markets, affecting the value, use or delivery of benefits and human capital programs, including recent changes in 
regulations relating to health care (such as medical plans), defined contribution plans (such as 401(k) plans), defined benefit 
plans (such as pension plans) or executive compensation, may materially adversely affect the demand for, or the profitability of, 

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our services. In addition, more restrictive rules or interpretations of the federal Centers for Medicare Services marketing rules, 
or judicial decisions that restrict or otherwise change existing provisions of U.S. healthcare regulation, could have a material 
adverse impact on our Exchange Solutions business. Further, changes to insurance regulatory schemes, or our failure to keep 
pace with such changes, could negatively affect demand for services in our Investment, Risk and Reinsurance business 
segment. For example, our continuing ability to provide investment advisory services depends on compliance with the rules and 
regulations in each of these jurisdictions. Any failure to comply with these regulations could lead to disciplinary action, 
including compensating clients for loss, the imposition of fines or the revocation of the authorization to operate as well as 
damage to our reputation.

In addition, we have significant operations throughout the world, which further subject us to applicable laws and regulations of 
countries outside the United States and the United Kingdom. Changes in legislation or regulations and actions by regulators in 
particular countries, including changes in administration and enforcement policies, could require operational improvements or 
modifications, which may result in higher costs or hinder our ability to operate our business in those countries.

If we are unable to adapt our services to applicable laws and regulations, our ability to provide effective services in these areas 
will be substantially diminished.

Our business could be negatively affected by recently enacted or future legislative or regulatory activity concerning 
compensation consultants.

Recent legislative and regulatory activity in the United States has focused on the independence of compensation consultants 
retained to provide advice to compensation committees of publicly traded companies. In 2009, the SEC published final rules, 
which became effective in 2010, with respect to issuer disclosures on compensation consultants. Among other requirements, the 
rules require disclosure of fees paid to compensation consultants as well as a description of any additional services provided to 
the issuer by the compensation consultant and its affiliates and the aggregate fees paid for such services. Due in part to this 
regulation and continued legislative activity, some clients of Legacy Towers Watson decided to terminate their relationships 
with the respective company (either with respect to compensation consulting services or with respect to other consulting 
services) to avoid perceived or potential conflicts of interest.

In addition, in 2010, the U.S. President signed into law the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, 
which requires the SEC to issue rules directing national securities exchanges and associations to require the compensation 
committee of a listed company to consider the independence of an advisor when selecting a compensation consultant. The SEC 
was also required to identify factors affecting independence.

The final rules and NASDAQ listing standards do not require that the selected compensation consultant be independent, only 
that the compensation committee considers independence before selecting a compensation consultant. However, if companies’ 
compensation committees elect to engage compensation consultants that do not perform any other services for the company, 
then this could cause additional clients to terminate their relationships with us (either with respect to compensation consulting 
services or with respect to other consulting services) to avoid perceived or potential conflicts of interest.  The Merger could 
further exacerbate this problem for us as the combined company provides other (non-executive compensation) services to more 
clients and provides a greater aggregate amount of services to such clients.  If this happens, the future termination of such 
relationships could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, due in part to such regulation and continued legislative activity, some former Legacy Towers Watson consultants 
terminated their relationships with us, and many have begun to compete with us or have indicated that they intend to compete 
with us. Such talent migration, and any future such talent migration, could have a material adverse effect on our business, 
financial condition and results of operations.

Competition could result in loss of our market share and reduced profitability.

The markets for our principal services are highly competitive. Our competitors include other insurance brokerage, human 
capital and risk management consulting and actuarial firms, as well as the human capital and risk management divisions of 
diversified professional services, insurance, brokerage and accounting firms and specialist, regional and local firms.

Competition for business is intense in all of our business lines and in every insurance market, and Marsh & McLennan and Aon, 
for examples, have greater market share in certain lines of business than we do. Some of our competitors have greater financial, 
technical and marketing resources than us, which could enhance their ability to finance acquisitions, fund internal growth and 
respond more quickly to professional and technological changes. Some competitors have or may develop a lower cost structure, 
or have more tax-efficient operations. New competitors or alliances among competitors could emerge, creating additional 

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competition and gaining significant market share, resulting in a loss of business for us and a corresponding decline in revenues 
and profit margin. In order to respond to increased competition and pricing pressure, we may have to lower our prices, which 
would also have an adverse effect on our revenues and profit margin.

The human capital and risk management consulting industries are highly competitive. We face strong competition from several 
sources.  Our principal competitors in the pension consulting industry are Mercer HR Consulting (a Marsh & McLennan 
company) and Aon Hewitt Consulting (an Aon company). Beyond these large players, the global HR consulting industry is 
highly fragmented.  

Our competitors in the insurance consulting and software industry include Milliman, Oliver Wyman (a Marsh & McLennan 
company), the big four accounting firms and SunGard. Aon Hewitt, Buck Consultants (a Xerox Company), Connextions (a 
United Healthcare company) and Mercer (a Marsh & McLennan company) are among our competitors in the insurance 
exchange industry. With the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, we also compete with the public 
exchanges run by the U.S. federal and state governments. With the acquisition of Acclaris, we now compete with providers of 
account-based health plans and consumer-directed benefits such as WageWorks and HealthEquity.

Consolidation in the industries that we serve could materially adversely affect our business.

Companies in the industries that we serve may seek to achieve economies of scale and other synergies by combining with or 
acquiring other companies. If two or more of our clients merge or consolidate and combine their operations, we may experience 
a decrease in the amount of services we perform for these clients. If one of our clients merges or consolidates with a company 
that relies on another provider for its services, we may lose work from that client or lose the opportunity to gain additional 
work. The increased market power of larger companies could also increase pricing and competitive pressures on us. Any of 
these possible results of industry consolidation could materially adversely affect our revenues and profits.

Our growth strategy depends, in part, on our ability to make acquisitions, and if we have difficulty in acquiring, overpay 
for, or are unable to acquire other businesses, our business may be materially adversely affected.

Our growth depends in part on our ability to make acquisitions. We may not be successful in identifying appropriate acquisition 
candidates or consummating acquisitions on terms acceptable or favorable to us, on the proposed timetables, or at all. We also 
face additional risks related to acquisitions, including that we could overpay for acquired businesses and that any acquired 
business could significantly underperform relative to our expectations. If we are unable to identify and successfully make 
acquisitions, our business could be materially adversely affected.

We face risks when we acquire or divest businesses, and may have difficulty integrating or managing acquired 
businesses, or with effecting internal reorganizations, which may harm our business, financial condition, results of 
operations or reputation.

We may acquire other companies or divest certain businesses in the future. We cannot be certain that our acquisitions will be 
accretive to earnings or that our acquisitions or divestitures will otherwise meet our operational or strategic expectations. 
Acquisitions involve special risks, including the potential assumption of unanticipated liabilities and contingencies and 
difficulties in integrating acquired businesses, and acquired businesses may not achieve the levels of revenue, profit or 
productivity we anticipate or otherwise perform as we expect. In addition, if the operating performance of an acquired business 
deteriorates significantly, we may need to write down the value of the goodwill and other acquisition-related intangible assets 
recorded on our balance sheet.

We may be unable to effectively integrate an acquired business into our organization, and may not succeed in managing such 
acquired businesses or the larger company that results from such acquisitions. The process of integration of an acquired 
business may subject us to a number of risks, including:

•  Diversion of management attention;

•  Amortization of intangible assets, adversely affecting our reported results of operations;

• 

• 

• 

Inability to retain the management, key personnel and other employees of the acquired business;

Inability to establish uniform standards, controls, systems, procedures and policies;

Inability to retain the acquired company’s clients;

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•  Exposure to legal claims for activities of the acquired business prior to acquisition; and

• 

Incurrence of additional expenses in connection with the integration process.

We may also face similar challenges in effecting internal reorganizations. If acquisitions or internal reorganizations are not 
successfully integrated, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected, as 
well as our professional reputation.

We also own an interest in a number of associates where we do not exercise management control and we are therefore limited in 
our ability to direct or manage the business to realize the anticipated benefits that we can achieve if we had full ownership.

We advise or act on behalf of clients regarding investments whose results are not guaranteed, and clients that 
experience investment return shortfalls may assert claims against us.

We provide advice on both asset allocation and selection of investment managers. For some clients, we are responsible for 
making decisions on both these matters, or we may serve in a fiduciary capacity. Asset classes may experience poor absolute 
performance, and investment managers may underperform their benchmarks; in both cases the investment return shortfall can 
be significant. Clients experiencing this underperformance may assert claims against us, and such claims may be for significant 
amounts. Defending against these claims can involve potentially significant costs, including legal defense costs. Our ability to 
limit our potential liability may be limited in certain jurisdictions or in connection with claims involving breaches of fiduciary 
duties or other alleged errors or omissions.

Our investment activities may require specialized operational competencies, and if we fail to properly execute our role 
in cash and investment management, our clients or third parties may assert claims against us.

For certain clients, we are responsible for some portions of cash and investment management, including rebalancing of 
investment portfolios and guidance to third parties on structure of derivatives and securities transactions. Our failure to properly 
execute our role can cause monetary damage to our clients or such third parties for which we might be found liable, and such 
claims may be for significant amounts. Defending against these claims can involve potentially significant costs, including legal 
defense costs. Our ability to limit our potential liability may be constrained in certain jurisdictions.

New product or service offerings may carry greater risk of liability and regulatory action than existing or historical 
product or service offerings.

We continue to grow the business of providing products and services to institutional investors, financial services companies and 
other clients. The risk of claims from these lines of business and related products and services may be greater than from our 
core businesses, and such claims may be for significant amounts. For example, we may assist a pension plan to hedge its 
exposure to changes in interest rates. If the hedge does not perform as expected, we could be exposed to claims. Contractual 
provisions intended to mitigate risk may not be enforceable. Other examples of recently implemented ventures that may 
increase our exposure to client and regulator claims include pooled investment solutions in various jurisdictions in our 
Investment line of business; new licensed work and expansion into new jurisdictions in our Health and Group Benefits line of 
business; and in our Retirement line of business, establishing and servicing structures to facilitate the funding of our clients’ 
employee benefit plans.  In addition, with respect to some of these new ventures, we may enter into arrangements that need to 
be examined to determine whether they fall under the variable interest entity (VIE) accounting guidance. The structure of such 
arrangements could require us to consolidate assets or liabilities on which we do not have risk of loss.

Our business performance and growth plans could be negatively affected if we are not able to effectively apply 
technology to drive value for our clients through technology-based solutions or gain internal efficiencies through the 
effective application of technology and related tools.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to develop and implement technology solutions that anticipate and keep pace with 
rapid and continuing changes in technology, industry standards and client preferences. We may not be successful in anticipating 
or responding to these developments in a timely and cost-effective manner, and our ideas may not be accepted in the 
marketplace. Additionally, the effort to gain technological expertise and develop new technologies in our business requires us to 
incur significant cost. Our competitors are seeking to develop competing technologies, and their success in this space may 
impact our ability to differentiate our services to our clients through the use of unique technological solutions. If we cannot 
offer new technologies as quickly or effectively as our competitors or if our competitors develop more cost-effective 
technologies, it could have a material adverse effect on our ability to obtain and complete client engagements.

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Limited protection of our intellectual property could harm our business, and we face the risk that our services or 
products may infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others.

We cannot guarantee that trade secret, trademark and copyright law protections are adequate to deter misappropriation of our 
intellectual property (including our software, which may become an increasingly important part of our business). Existing laws 
of some countries in which we provide services or products may offer only limited protection of our intellectual property rights. 
Redressing infringements may consume significant management time and financial resources. Also, we may be unable to detect 
the unauthorized use of our intellectual property and take the necessary steps to enforce our rights, which may have a material 
adverse impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We cannot be sure that our services and products, 
or the products of others that we offer to our clients, do not infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties, and we 
may have infringement claims asserted against us or our clients. These claims may harm our reputation, result in financial 
liability and prevent us from offering some services or products.

Insurance may become more difficult or expensive to obtain.

The availability, terms and price of insurance are subject to many variables, including general insurance market conditions, loss 
experience in related industries and in the actuarial and benefits consulting industry, and the specific claims experience of an 
individual firm. We are subject to various regulatory requirements relating to insurance as well as client requirements. There 
can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain insurance at cost-effective rates or with reasonable retentions. Increases in the 
cost of insurance could affect our profitability and the unavailability of insurance to cover certain risks could have a material 
adverse effect on our financial condition or our ability to transact business in certain geographic areas, particularly in any 
specific period.

We have material pension liabilities that can fluctuate significantly.

We have material pension liabilities, some of which represented unfunded and underfunded pension and postretirement 
liabilities. Movements in the interest rate environment, inflation or changes in other assumptions that are used for the estimates 
of our benefit obligations and other factors could have a material effect on the level of liabilities in these plans at any given 
time. These pension plans have minimum funding requirements that may require material amounts of periodic additional 
funding. The need to make additional cash contributions may reduce our financial flexibility and increase liquidity risk by 
reducing the cash available to meet our other obligations, including the payment obligations under our credit facilities and other 
long-term debt, or other needs of our business.

Our Exchange Solutions business may be harmed if we lose our relationships with insurance carriers, fail to maintain 
good relationships with insurance carriers, become dependent upon a limited number of insurance carriers or fail to 
develop new carrier relationships.

Our Exchange Solutions business typically enters into contractual agency relationships with insurance carriers that are non-
exclusive and terminable on short notice by either party for any reason. In many cases, insurance carriers also have the ability to 
amend the terms of our agreements unilaterally on short notice. Insurance carriers may be unwilling to allow us to sell their 
existing or new health insurance plans or may amend our agreements with them, for a variety of reasons, including for 
competitive or regulatory reasons or because of a reluctance to distribute their products through our exchange platform. 
Insurance carriers may decide to rely on their own internal distribution channels, including traditional in-house agents, carrier 
websites or other sales channels, or to market their own plans, and, in turn, could limit or prohibit us from marketing their 
plans. For example, in August 2011, one of Exchange Solutions’ largest insurance carrier partners discontinued the indirect 
distribution of Medicare supplement policies through all of their distribution vendors. As a result, our new Medicare 
supplement enrollments shifted to other insurance carriers that pay us lower commission rates on average. Insurance carriers 
may also choose to exclude us from their most profitable or popular plans or may determine not to distribute insurance plans in 
individual markets in certain geographies or altogether. Additionally, if one of the insurance carriers with which we are 
associated violates the law or comes under scrutiny by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (‘CMS’), CMS may 
impose sanctions on such carriers, resulting in a loss of supply of insurance plans that we are able to sell. The termination or 
amendment of our relationship with an insurance carrier could reduce the variety of health insurance plans we offer. We also 
could lose a source of, or be paid reduced commissions for, future sales and could lose renewal commissions for past sales. Our 
business could also be harmed if we fail to develop new carrier relationships or are unable to offer customers a wide variety of 
health insurance plans.

The private health insurance industry in the United States has experienced a substantial amount of consolidation over the past 
several years, resulting in a decrease in the number of insurance carriers. In the future, it may become necessary for us to offer 
insurance plans from a reduced number of insurance carriers or to derive a greater portion of our revenue from a more 

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concentrated number of carriers as our business and the health insurance industry evolve. For example, in the period from July 
1, 2014 to June 30, 2015, the top five carriers accounted for an aggregate of approximately 72% of our commission revenue in 
our Retiree & Access Exchanges business. Each of these insurance carriers may terminate our agreements with them, and, in 
some cases, as a result of the termination we may lose our right to receive future commissions for policies we have sold. Should 
our dependence on a smaller number of insurance carriers increase, whether as a result of the termination of carrier 
relationships, further insurance carrier consolidation or otherwise, we may become more vulnerable to adverse changes in our 
relationships with our carriers, particularly in states where we offer health insurance plans from a relatively small number of 
carriers or where a small number of insurance carriers dominate the market. The termination, amendment or consolidation of 
our relationship with our insurance carriers could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Changes and developments in the health insurance system in the United States could harm our Exchange Solutions 
business.

In 2010, the Federal government enacted significant reforms to healthcare legislation through the Patient Protection and 
Affordable Care Act (‘PPACA’), and the Healthcare and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, (‘HCERA’), which we refer to 
collectively as (‘Healthcare Reform’). Our Exchange Solutions business depends upon the private sector of the United States 
insurance system, its role in financing health care delivery, and insurance carriers’ use of, and payment of commissions to, 
agents, brokers and other organizations to market and sell individual and family health insurance plans. Healthcare Reform 
contains provisions that have changed and will continue to change the industry in which we operate in substantial ways.

Many aspects of Healthcare Reform are not yet in effect or have only recently gone into effect. In addition, state governments 
have adopted, and will continue to adopt, changes to their existing laws and regulations in light of Healthcare Reform and 
related regulations. Future postponements of or changes to Healthcare Reform may not be beneficial to us.

Certain key members of Congress have expressed a desire to withhold the funding necessary to implement Healthcare Reform 
as well as the desire to replace or amend all or a portion of Healthcare Reform. Any partial or complete repeal or amendment or 
implementation difficulties, or uncertainty regarding such events, could increase our costs of compliance, prevent or delay 
future adoption of our exchange platform, and adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition. The 
implementation of Healthcare Reform could have negative effects on us, including:

• 

Increase our competition;

•  Reduce or eliminate the need for health insurance agents and brokers or demand for the health insurance that we sell;

•  Decrease the number of types of health insurance plans that we sell, as well as the number of insurance carriers offering 

such plans;

•  Cause insurance carriers to change the benefits and/or premiums for the plans they sell; 

•  Cause insurance carriers to reduce the amount they pay for our services or change our relationship with them in other 

ways; or

•  Materially restrict our call center operations.

Any of these effects could materially harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. For example, the manner 
in which the Federal government and the states implement health insurance exchanges and the process for receiving subsidies 
and cost-sharing credits could substantially increase our competition and member turnover and substantially reduce the number 
of individuals who purchase insurance through us. Various aspects of Healthcare Reform could cause insurance carriers to limit 
the type of health insurance plans we are able to sell and the geographies in which we are able to sell them. In addition, the U.S. 
Congress has been charged with finding spending cuts, and such cuts are expected to include Medicare. If cuts are made to 
Medicare, there may be substantial changes in the types of health insurance plans we are able to sell. Changes in the law could 
also cause insurance carriers to exit the business of selling insurance plans in a particular jurisdiction, to eliminate certain 
categories of products or to attempt to move members into new plans for which we receive lower commissions. If insurance 
carriers decide to limit our ability to sell their plans or determine not to sell individual health insurance plans altogether, our 
business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially harmed.

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Risk factors

Our Exchange Solutions’ business may not grow as quickly as expected or its growth may occur faster than expected 
and we may not have the resources required to support it.

If clients do not select private healthcare exchanges, do not select our healthcare exchange business or if clients move to 
exchanges more slowly than we have anticipated, then our Exchange Solutions’ business and operating results may be 
materially adversely affected.  If, conversely, revenue from our Exchange Solutions’ business does grow significantly, there is 
the risk that we do not have the resources required to support such revenue growth.  

Our Consumer-Directed Accounts business is dependent upon the availability of tax-advantaged consumer-directed 
benefits to employers and employees and any diminution in, elimination of, or change in the availability of these 
benefits would materially adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, business and prospects.

Our Consumer-Directed Accounts business fundamentally depends on employer and employee demand for tax-advantaged 
Consumer-Directed Benefits, or CDBs. Any diminution in or elimination of the availability of CDBs for employees would 
materially adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, business and prospects. In addition, incentives for 
employers to offer CDBs may also be reduced or eliminated by changes in laws that result in employers no longer realizing 
financial gain from the implementation of these benefits. If employers cease to offer CDB programs or reduce the number of 
programs they offer to their employees, the results of operations, financial condition, business and prospects of our Consumer-
Directed Accounts business would also be materially adversely affected.

In addition, if the payroll tax savings employers currently realize from their employees’ utilization of CDBs become reduced or 
unavailable, employers may be less inclined to offer these programs to their employees. If the tax savings currently realized by 
employee participants by utilizing CDBs were reduced or unavailable, we expect employees would correspondingly reduce or 
eliminate their participation in such CDB plans. Any such reduction in employer or employee incentives would materially 
adversely affect the results of operations, financial condition, business and prospects of our Consumer-Directed Accounts 
business.

If our goodwill becomes impaired, we may be required to record significant charges to earnings, which could have a 
significant adverse impact on our reported earnings.

We have a substantial amount of goodwill on our balance sheet as a result of acquisitions we have completed, and we expect to 
significantly increase goodwill as a result of the Merger. We review goodwill for impairment annually or whenever events or 
circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. Application of the impairment test requires judgment, including the 
identification of reporting units, assignment of assets, liabilities and goodwill to reporting units and determination of fair value 
of each reporting unit. A significant deterioration in a key estimate or assumption or a less significant deterioration to a 
combination of assumptions or the sale of a part of a reporting unit could result in an impairment charge in the future, which 
could have a significant adverse impact on our reported earnings.

Our outstanding debt could adversely affect our cash flows and financial flexibility.

Legacy Willis had total consolidated debt outstanding of approximately $3.3 billion as of December 31, 2015 and Legacy 
Willis’ 2015 interest expense was $142 million. Legacy Towers Watson had total consolidated debt outstanding of 
approximately $740 million as of December 31, 2015 and Legacy Towers Watson’s interest expense was $10 million for the 
twelve months ended December 31, 2015.

Although management believes that our cash flows will be sufficient to service this debt, there may be circumstances in which 
required payments of principal and/or interest on this debt could adversely affect our cash flows and this level of indebtedness 
may:

• 

• 

• 

• 

require us to dedicate a significant portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing 
the availability of cash flow to fund capital expenditures, to pursue other acquisitions or investments, to pay dividends 
and for general corporate purposes;

increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic conditions, including if we borrow at variable interest rates, 
which makes us vulnerable to increases in interest rates generally;

limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes or challenges relating to our business and industry; and

put us at a competitive disadvantage against competitors who have less indebtedness or are in a more favorable 
position to access additional capital resources.

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The terms of our current financings also include certain limitations. For example, the agreements relating to the debt 
arrangements and credit facilities contain numerous operating and financial covenants, including requirements to maintain 
minimum ratios of consolidated EBITDA to consolidated cash interest expense and maximum levels of consolidated funded 
indebtedness in relation to consolidated EBITDA, in each case subject to certain adjustments.  The operating restrictions and 
financial covenants in our credit facilities do, and any future financing agreements may, limit our ability to finance future 
operations or capital needs or to engage in other business activities.

A failure to comply with the restrictions under our credit facilities and outstanding notes could result in a default under the 
financing obligations or could require us to obtain waivers from our lenders for failure to comply with these restrictions. The 
occurrence of a default that remains uncured or the inability to secure a necessary consent or waiver could cause our obligations 
with respect to our debt to be accelerated and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of 
operations.

We may not be able to obtain financing on favorable terms or at all.

The maintenance and growth of our business depends on our access to capital, which will depend in large part on cash flow 
generated by our business and the availability of equity and debt financing. There can be no assurance that our operations will 
generate sufficient positive cash flow to finance all of our capital needs or that we will be able to obtain equity or debt financing 
on favorable terms or at all. In addition, approximately $988 million of our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2015 and an 
additional $400 million drawn related to the Merger will mature in 2016.  We may be unable to refinance this maturing 
indebtedness on favorable terms or at all, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

A downgrade to our corporate credit rating and the credit ratings of our outstanding debt may adversely affect our 
borrowing costs and financial flexibility and, under certain circumstances, may require us to offer to buy back some of 
our outstanding debt.

A downgrade in our corporate credit rating or the credit ratings of our debt would increase our borrowing costs including those 
under our credit facilities, and reduce our financial flexibility. In addition, certain downgrades would trigger a step-up in 
interest rates under the indentures for our 6.200% senior notes due 2017 and our 7.000% senior notes due 2019, which would 
increase our interest expense. If we need to raise capital in the future, any credit rating downgrade could negatively affect our 
financing costs or access to financing sources. 

In addition, under the indenture for our 4.625% senior notes due 2023 and our 6.125% senior notes due 2043, if we experience 
a ratings decline together with a change of control event, we would be required to offer to purchase our 4.625% senior notes 
due 2023 and our 6.125% senior notes due 2043 from holders unless we had previously redeemed those notes. We may not 
have sufficient funds available or access to funding to repurchase tendered notes in that event, which could result in a default 
under the notes. Any future debt that we incur may contain covenants regarding repurchases in the event of a change of control 
triggering event.

We rely on third parties to provide services and their failure to perform the services could harm our business.

As part of providing services to clients and managing our business, we rely on a number of third-party service providers. Our 
ability to perform effectively depends in part on the ability of these service providers to meet their obligations, as well as on our 
effective oversight of their performance. The quality of our services could suffer or we could be required to incur unanticipated 
costs if our third-party service providers do not perform as expected or their services are disrupted. This could have a material 
adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

We are a holding company and, therefore, may not be able to receive dividends or other distributions in needed 
amounts from our subsidiaries.

The Company is organized as a holding company, a legal entity separate and distinct from our operating subsidiaries. As a 
holding company without significant operations of our own, we are dependent upon dividends and other payments from our 
operating subsidiaries to meet our obligations for paying principal and interest on outstanding debt obligations, for paying 
dividends to shareholders and for corporate expenses.  Legal and regulatory restrictions, foreign exchange controls, as well as 
operating requirements of our subsidiaries, may limit our ability to obtain cash from these subsidiaries. For example, Willis 
Limited, our UK brokerage subsidiary regulated by the FCA, is currently required to maintain $126 million in unencumbered 
and available funds, of which at least $79 million must be in cash, for regulatory purposes. In the event our operating 
subsidiaries are unable to pay dividends and other payments to the Company, we may not be able to service debt, pay 
obligations or pay dividends on common stock.

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Further, the Company derives a significant portion of its revenue and operating profit from operating subsidiaries located 
outside the U.S. Since the majority of financing obligations as well as dividends to stockholders are made from the U.S., it is 
important to be able to access cash generated outside the U.S. Funds from the Company’s operating subsidiaries outside of the 
U.S. are periodically repatriated to the U.S. via shareholder distributions and repayment of intercompany financing. A number 
of factors may arise that could limit our ability to repatriate funds or make repatriation cost prohibitive, including, but not 
limited to, foreign exchange rates and tax-related costs.

In the event we are unable to generate cash from our operating subsidiaries for any of the reasons discussed above, our overall 
liquidity could deteriorate.

Changes in our accounting estimates and assumptions could negatively affect our financial position and results of 
operations.

We prepare our financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.  These accounting principles require us to make estimates 
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities 
at the date of our financial statements. We are also required to make certain judgments that affect the reported amounts of 
revenues and expenses during each reporting period. We periodically evaluate our estimates and assumptions including those 
relating to revenue recognition, valuation of billed and unbilled receivables from clients, discretionary compensation, incurred 
but not reported liabilities, restructuring, pensions, goodwill and other intangible assets, contingencies, share-based payments 
and income taxes. We base our estimates on historical experience and various assumptions that we believe to be reasonable 
based on specific circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates, and changes in accounting standards could 
have an adverse impact on our future financial position and results of operations.

Our accounting for our long-term outsourcing contracts requires using estimates and projections that may change over 
time. These changes may have a significant or adverse effect on our reported results of operations or financial 
condition.

Projecting contract profitability on our long-term outsourcing contracts requires us to make assumptions and estimates of future 
contract results. All estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to change. In an effort to maintain appropriate estimates, we 
review each of our long-term outsourcing contracts, the related contract reserves and intangible assets on a regular basis. If we 
determine that we need to change our estimates for a contract, we will change the estimates in the period in which the 
determination is made. These assumptions and estimates involve the exercise of judgment and discretion, which may also 
evolve over time in light of operational experience, regulatory direction, developments in accounting principles and other 
factors. Further, changes in assumptions, estimates or developments in the business or the application of accounting principles 
related to long-term outsourcing contracts may change our initial estimates of future contract results. Application of, and 
changes in, assumptions, estimates and policies may adversely affect our financial results.

Risks Relating to Integration Following the Merger and the Gras Savoye Acquisition

We may fail to realize all of the anticipated benefits of the Merger or the Gras Savoye acquisition or those benefits may 
take longer to realize than expected. We may also encounter significant difficulties in integrating the businesses.

Our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of the Merger and the Gras Savoye acquisition will depend, to a large extent, on 
our ability to integrate the businesses. The combination of independent businesses is a complex, costly and time-consuming 
process. As a result, we will be required to devote significant management attention and resources to integration activities. The 
integration process may disrupt the businesses and, if implemented ineffectively, could restrict the realization of the full-
expected benefits. The failure to meet the challenges involved in integrating the businesses and to realize the anticipated 
benefits of the transactions could cause an interruption of or a loss of momentum in our activities and could adversely affect our 
results of operations.

In addition, the overall integration may result in material unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities, competitive responses, 
loss of client relationships, and diversion of management’s attention. The difficulties of combining the operations of the 
companies include, among others:

• 

• 

the diversion of management’s attention to integration matters; 

difficulties in achieving anticipated cost savings, synergies, business opportunities and growth prospects from the 
combinations; 

• 

difficulties in the integration of operations and systems; 

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• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

conforming standards, controls, procedures and accounting and other policies, business cultures and compensation 
structures between the companies; 

difficulties in the assimilation of employees; 

difficulties in managing the expanded operations of a significantly larger and more complex company; 

difficulties in establishing effective uniform controls, systems, procedures and policies for the combined company; 

challenges in keeping existing clients and obtaining new clients; 

challenges in attracting and retaining key personnel; and 

coordinating a geographically dispersed organization.

Many of these factors will be outside of our control and any one of them could result in increased costs, decreases in the 
amount of expected revenues and diversion of management’s time and energy, which could materially impact our business, 
financial condition and results of operations. In addition, even if our operations are integrated successfully, the full benefits of 
the transactions may not be realized, including the synergies, cost savings or sales or growth opportunities that are expected. 
These benefits may not be achieved within the anticipated time frame, or at all. Further, additional unanticipated costs may be 
incurred in the integrations. All of these factors could cause dilution to our earnings per share, decrease or delay the expected 
benefits of the Merger or the Gras Savoye acquisition and negatively impact the price of our ordinary shares. As a result, we 
cannot assure you that the Merger or the Gras Savoye acquisition will result in the realization of the full benefits anticipated.

Certain business uncertainties arising from the Merger or the Gras Savoye acquisition could adversely affect our 
businesses and operations.

Uncertainties about the effect of the Merger and the Gras Savoye acquisition on employees, customers, suppliers, business 
partners and other persons with whom we have a business relationship may have an adverse effect on us. During times of 
significant change and uncertainty such as the period following the Merger and the Gras Savoye acquisition, customers, 
suppliers, business partners and other persons with whom we have a business relationship may delay or defer business 
decisions, decide to terminate, modify or renegotiate their relationships with us, or take other actions as a result of the Merger 
or the Gras Savoye acquisition that could negatively affect our revenues, earnings and cash flows, as well as the market price of 
our securities. Our ability to raise additional capital through the debt markets, and the associated borrowing costs, may also be 
negatively impacted. Any such effects could limit our ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of the Merger or the Gras 
Savoye acquisition.

These uncertainties about the effect of the Merger and the Gras Savoye acquisition may also impair our ability to attract, retain 
and motivate key personnel. Employee retention may be challenging, as certain employees may experience uncertainty about 
their future roles or may be dissatisfied with their new roles.  If key employees depart, our business could be materially harmed. 
If key employees join a competitor or form a new competitor, existing and potential clients could choose to use the services of 
that competitor instead of our services.

 We have incurred and will incur direct and indirect costs as a result of the Merger and the Gras Savoye acquisition.

We have incurred substantial expenses in connection with completing the Merger and the Gras Savoye acquisition, and expect 
to incur substantial expenses in connection with coordinating and integrating the businesses, operations, policies and procedures 
of the combined companies.  While we have assumed that a certain level of transaction and coordination expenses will be 
incurred, there are a number of factors beyond our control that could affect the total amount or the timing of these transaction 
and coordination expenses. Many of the expenses that will be incurred, by their nature, are difficult to estimate accurately. 
These expenses may exceed the costs historically borne by us. These costs could adversely affect our financial condition and 
results of operation.

Risks Related to Our Jurisdiction of Incorporation

Our status as a foreign corporation for U.S. federal tax purposes could be affected by a change in law.

We believe that, under current law, we are treated as a foreign corporation for U.S. federal tax purposes. However, changes to 
the inversion rules in Code Section 7874 or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder or other IRS guidance could 
adversely affect our status as a foreign corporation for U.S. federal tax purposes, and any such changes could have prospective 

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or retroactive application to us, our shareholders and/or our affiliates. In addition, recent legislative proposals have aimed to 
expand the scope of U.S. corporate tax residence, and such legislation, if passed, could have an adverse effect on us. For 
example, in February 2016, the President of the United States proposed legislation which would amend the anti-inversion rules 
to apply to a broader range of transactions. Although its application is limited to transactions closing after 2016, no assurance 
can be given that such proposal would not be changed in the legislative process and be enacted to apply to prior transactions. In 
addition, certain members of Congress have introduced similar legislation that would apply retroactively to transactions, 
including the Merger, closing in May 2014 or later. If such legislation were enacted, it could cause Willis Towers Watson to be 
treated as a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes as of or after the Merger. Furthermore, in September 
2014 and November 2015, the U.S. Treasury Department and the IRS issued additional guidance stating that they intend to 
issue additional regulations under Section 7874. The application of such regulations to the Merger is not clear and no assurance 
can be given that such regulations would not cause us to be treated as a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax 
purposes or have other negative implications for our business. It is possible that legislation or regulation enacted now or in the 
future could apply retroactively to cause us to be treated as a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes as of or 
after the Merger.

Legislative or regulatory action in the U.S. could materially adversely affect us.

Legislative action may be taken by the U.S. Congress which, if ultimately enacted, could limit the availability of tax benefits or 
deductions that we currently claim, override tax treaties upon which we rely, or otherwise affect the taxes that the United States 
imposes on our worldwide operations. Regulations or administrative guidance from the U.S. Treasury Department could have 
similar consequences. Such changes could materially adversely affect our effective tax rate and/or require us to take further 
action, at potentially significant expense, to seek to preserve our effective tax rate. In addition, if proposals were enacted that 
had the effect of limiting our ability as an Irish company to take advantage of tax treaties with the United States, we could incur 
additional tax expense and/or otherwise incur business detriment.

Future changes to U.S. and foreign tax laws could adversely affect us.

The U.S. Congress, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and other government agencies in 
jurisdictions where we and our affiliates do business have had an extended focus on issues related to the taxation of 
multinational corporations.  One example is in the area of “base erosion and profit shifting,” where payments are made between 
affiliates from a jurisdiction with high tax rates to a jurisdiction with lower tax rates. In October 2015, the Organisation for 
Economic Co-operation and Development released final reports addressing fifteen specific actions as part of a comprehensive 
plan to create an agreed set of international rules for fighting base erosion and profit shifting. As a result, the tax laws in the 
United States, Ireland, and other countries in which we and our affiliates do business could change on a prospective or 
retroactive basis, and any such changes could adversely affect us and our affiliates.

 We may not be able to maintain a competitive worldwide effective corporate tax rate.

We cannot give any assurance as to what our effective tax rate will be in the future, because of, among other things, uncertainty 
regarding the tax policies of the jurisdictions where we operate.  Our actual effective tax rate may vary from expectations and 
that variance may be material. Additionally, the tax laws of Ireland and other jurisdictions could change in the future, and such 
changes could cause a material change in our effective tax rate.

The laws of Ireland differ from the laws in effect in the United States and may afford less protection to holders of our 
securities.

It may not be possible to enforce court judgments obtained in the United States against us in Ireland, based on the civil liability 
provisions of the U.S. federal or state securities laws. In addition, there is some uncertainty as to whether the courts of Ireland 
would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers based on the civil liabilities 
provisions of the U.S. federal or state securities laws or hear actions against us or those persons based on those laws. We have 
been advised that the United States currently does not have a treaty with Ireland providing for the reciprocal recognition and 
enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. Therefore, a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by 
any U.S. federal or state court based on civil liability, whether or not based solely on U.S. federal or state securities laws, would 
not automatically be enforceable in Ireland.

A judgment obtained against us will be enforced by the courts of Ireland if the following general requirements are met: (i) U.S. 
courts must have had jurisdiction in relation to the particular defendant according to Irish conflict of law rules (the submission 
to jurisdiction by the defendant would satisfy this rule) and (ii) the judgment must be final and conclusive and the decree must 
be final and unalterable in the court which pronounces it. A judgment can be final and conclusive even if it is subject to appeal 

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or even if an appeal is pending. Where however the effect of lodging an appeal under the applicable law is to stay execution of 
the judgment, it is possible that in the meantime the judgment may not be actionable in Ireland. It remains to be determined 
whether final judgment given in default of appearance is final and conclusive. However, Irish courts may refuse to enforce a 
judgment of the U.S. courts which meets the above requirements for one of the following reasons: (i) if the judgment is not for 
a definite sum of money; (ii) if the judgment was obtained by fraud; (iii) the enforcement of the judgment in Ireland would be 
contrary to natural or constitutional justice; (iv) the judgment is contrary to Irish public policy or involves certain U.S. laws 
which will not be enforced in Ireland; or (v) jurisdiction cannot be obtained by the Irish courts over the judgment debtors in the 
enforcement proceedings by personal service Ireland or outside Ireland under Order 11 of the Ireland Superior Courts Rules.

As an Irish company, we are governed by the Irish Companies Act, which differs in some material respects from laws generally 
applicable to U.S. corporations and shareholders, including, among others, differences relating to interested director and officer 
transactions and shareholder lawsuits. Likewise, the duties of directors and officers of an Irish company generally are owed to 
the company only. Shareholders of Irish companies generally do not have a personal right of action against directors or officers 
of the company and may exercise such rights of action on behalf of the company only in limited circumstances. Accordingly, 
holders of our securities may have more difficulty protecting their interests than would holders of securities of a corporation 
incorporated in a jurisdiction of the United States.

Risks Relating to our Ordinary Shares

The stock price of our ordinary shares may be volatile.

The stock price of our ordinary shares may in the future be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading 
volume of our ordinary shares may in the future fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. Some of the factors 
that could cause fluctuations in the stock price or trading volume of our ordinary shares include:

•  General market and economic conditions, including market conditions in the human capital and risk and financial 
management consulting industries and regulatory developments in the United States, foreign countries or both;

•  Actual or expected variations in our quarterly results of operations and in the quarterly results of operations of 

companies perceived to be similar to us;

•  Differences between actual results of operations and those expected by investors and analysts;

•  Changes in recommendations by securities analysts;

•  Operations and stock performance of competitors;

•  Accounting charges, including charges relating to the impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets;

• 

• 

• 

Significant acquisitions, dispositions or strategic alliances by us or by competitors;

Sales of our ordinary shares, including sales by our directors and officers or significant investors;

Incurrence of additional debt;

•  Dilutive issuance of equity;

•  Recruitment or departure of key personnel;

•  Loss or gain of key clients;

•  Litigation involving us, our general industry or both; and

•  Changes in reserves for professional liability claims.

There can be no assurance that the stock price of the ordinary shares will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. In 
addition, the stock market in general can experience considerable price and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to our 
performance.

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Risk factors

Transfers of our ordinary shares, other than by means of the transfer of book-entry interests in the Depository Trust 
Company (‘DTC’), may be subject to Irish stamp duty.

It is expected that for the majority of transfers of our ordinary shares, there will not be any stamp duty. Transfers of our ordinary 
shares effected by means of the transfer of book entry interests in DTC are not subject to Irish stamp duty. However, if you hold 
our ordinary shares directly rather than beneficially through DTC, any transfer of our ordinary shares could be subject to Irish 
stamp duty (currently at the rate of 1% of the higher of the price paid or the market value of the shares acquired). A shareholder 
who directly holds shares may transfer those shares into his or her own broker account to be held through DTC (or vice versa) 
without giving rise to Irish stamp duty provided that there is no change in the beneficial ownership of the shares as a result of 
the transfer and the transfer is not in contemplation of a sale of the shares by a beneficial owner to a third party. We intend (but 
have no obligation) to pay stamp duty in certain circumstances.

Payment of Irish stamp duty is generally a legal obligation of the transferee. The potential for stamp duty could adversely affect 
the price of our ordinary shares.

In certain limited circumstances, dividends paid by us may be subject to Irish dividend withholding tax.

In certain limited circumstances, Irish dividend withholding tax (‘DWT’) (currently at a rate of 20%) may arise in respect of 
dividends, if any, paid on our ordinary shares. A number of exemptions from DWT exist, including exemptions pursuant to 
which shareholders resident in the U.S. and shareholders resident in certain other countries may be entitled to exemptions from 
DWT.

Ordinary shares received by means of a gift or inheritance could be subject to Irish capital acquisitions tax.

Irish capital acquisitions tax (‘CAT’) (currently levied at a rate of 33% above certain tax-free thresholds) could apply to a gift or 
inheritance of our ordinary shares irrespective of the place of residence, ordinary residence or domicile of the parties. This is 
because our ordinary shares will be regarded as property situated in Ireland for Irish CAT purposes. The person who receives 
the gift or inheritance has primary liability for CAT.

Item 1B — Unresolved Staff Comments

The Company had no unresolved comments from the SEC’s staff.

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Item 2 — Properties

As of December 31, 2015, we operated offices in more than 120 countries throughout the world and believe that our properties 
are generally suitable and adequate for the purposes for which they are used. The principal properties are located in the United 
Kingdom and the United States. Operations of each of our segments are carried out in owned or leased offices under operating 
leases that typically do not exceed 10 years in length except for certain properties in key locations. We do not anticipate 
difficulty in meeting our space needs at lease expiration.  

The fixed assets owned by Legacy Willis represented approximately 3% of total assets as of December 31, 2015 and consisted 
primarily of computer equipment and software, office furniture and leasehold improvements.

Item 3 — Legal Proceedings

Claims, Lawsuits and Other Proceedings

In the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to various actual and potential claims, lawsuits, and other 
proceedings. Some of the claims, lawsuits and other proceedings seek damages in amounts which could, if assessed, be 
significant.  We do not expect the impact of claims or demands not described below to be material to the Company’s financial 
statements.  The Company also receives subpoenas in the ordinary course of business and, from time to time, receives requests 
for information in connection with governmental investigations.

Errors and omissions claims, lawsuits, and other proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business are covered in part by 
professional indemnity or other appropriate insurance. The terms of this insurance vary by policy year. Regarding self-insured 
risks, the Company has established provisions which are believed to be adequate in the light of current information and legal 
advice, or, in certain cases, where a range of loss exists, the Company accrues the minimum amount in the range if no amount 
within the range is a better estimate than any other amount.  The Company adjusts such provisions from time to time according 
to developments.

On the basis of current information, the Company does not expect that the actual claims, lawsuits and other proceedings to 
which the Company is subject, or potential claims, lawsuits, and other proceedings relating to matters of which it is aware, will 
ultimately have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.  Nonetheless, 
given the large or indeterminate amounts sought in certain of these actions, and the inherent unpredictability of litigation and 
disputes with insurance companies, it is possible that an adverse outcome or settlement in certain matters could, from time to 
time, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or annual 
periods.

The Company provides for contingent liabilities based on ASC 450, Contingencies, when it is determined that a liability, 
inclusive of defense costs, is probable and reasonably estimable. The contingent liabilities recorded are primarily developed 
actuarially. Litigation is subject to many factors which are difficult to predict so there can be no assurance that in the event of a 
material unfavorable result in one or more claims, we will not incur material costs.

In re Towers Watson & Co. Stockholders Litigation

Five putative class action complaints challenging the Merger were filed in the Court of Chancery for the State of Delaware, 
captioned New Jersey Building Laborers’ Statewide Annuity Fund v. Towers Watson & Co., et al., C.A. No. 11270-CB (filed on 
July 9, 2015), Stein v. Towers Watson & Co., et al., C.A. No. 11271-CB (filed on July 9, 2015), City of Atlanta Firefighters’ 
Pension Fund v. Ganzi, et al., C.A. No. 11275-CB (filed on July 10, 2015), Cordell v. Haley, et al., C.A. No. 11358-CB (filed on 
July 31, 2015), and Mills v. Towers Watson & Co., et al., C.A. No. 11423-CB (filed on August 24, 2015).  The Stein action was 
voluntarily dismissed on July 28, 2015.  These complaints were filed by purported stockholders of Towers Watson on behalf of 
a putative class comprised of all Towers Watson stockholders. The complaints sought, among other things, to enjoin the Merger, 
and generally alleged that Towers Watson’s directors breached their fiduciary duties to Towers Watson stockholders by agreeing 
to merge Towers Watson with Willis through an inadequate and unfair process, which led to inadequate and unfair 
consideration, and by agreeing to unfair deal protection devices.  The complaints also alleged that Willis and the Merger Sub 
formed for purposes of consummating the Merger aided and abetted the alleged breaches of fiduciary duties by Towers Watson 
directors.  On August 17, 2015, the court consolidated the New Jersey Building Laborers’ Statewide Annuity Fund, City of 
Atlanta Firefighters’ Pension Fund, and Cordell actions (the Mills action had not yet been filed) and any other actions then 

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pending or thereafter filed arising out of the same issues of fact under the caption In re Towers Watson & Co. Stockholders 
Litigation, Consolidated C.A. No. 11270-CB.  On September 9, 2015, the plaintiffs in the consolidated action and in Mills filed 
a consolidated amended complaint, which, among other things, added claims for alleged misstatements and omissions from a 
preliminary proxy statement and prospectus for the Merger dated August 27, 2015.  On September 17, 2015, plaintiffs filed a 
motion for expedited proceedings and a motion for a preliminary injunction, which motions plaintiffs voluntarily withdrew on 
October 19, 2015.  On December 14, 2015, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint. Based 
on all of the information to date, the Company is currently unable to provide an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or 
range of loss.  The defendants intend to vigorously defend the lawsuit.

Merger-related Appraisal demands

Between November 12, 2015 and December 10, 2015, in connection with the then-proposed Merger, Towers Watson received 
demands for appraisal under Section 262 of the Delaware General Corporation Law on behalf of ten purported beneficial 
owners of an aggregate of approximately 2.4% of the shares of Towers Watson common stock outstanding at the time of the 
Merger. As of February 25, 2016, demands for appraisal purportedly relating to approximately 2% of the shares of Towers 
Watson common stock that were outstanding at the time of the Merger remain outstanding and have not been withdrawn.  
Based on all of the information to date, the Company is currently unable to provide an estimate of the reasonably possible loss 
or range of loss. The Company intends to vigorously defend against any appraisal proceedings that may be filed.

Stanford Financial Group 

The Company has been named as a defendant in 13 similar lawsuits relating to the collapse of The Stanford Financial Group 
(‘Stanford’), for which Willis of Colorado, Inc. acted as broker of record on certain lines of insurance. The complaints in these 
actions generally allege that the defendants actively and materially aided Stanford’s alleged fraud by providing Stanford with 
certain letters regarding coverage that they knew would be used to help retain or attract actual or prospective Stanford client 
investors. The complaints further allege that these letters, which contain statements about Stanford and the insurance policies 
that the defendants placed for Stanford, contained untruths and omitted material facts and were drafted in this manner to help 
Stanford promote and sell its allegedly fraudulent certificates of deposit.

The 13 actions are as follows:

• 

Troice, et al. v. Willis of Colorado, Inc., et al., C.A. No. 3:9-CV-1274-N, was filed on July 2, 2009 in the U.S. District 
Court for the Northern District of Texas against Willis Group Holdings plc, Willis of Colorado, Inc. and a Willis 
associate, among others. On April 1, 2011, plaintiffs filed the operative Third Amended Class Action Complaint 
individually and on behalf of a putative, worldwide class of Stanford investors, adding Willis Limited as a defendant 
and alleging claims under Texas statutory and common law and seeking damages in excess of $1 billion, punitive 
damages and costs. On May 2, 2011, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the Third Amended Class Action 
Complaint, arguing, inter alia, that the plaintiffs’ claims are precluded by the Securities Litigation Uniform Standards 
Act of 1998 (‘SLUSA’).  

On May 10, 2011, the court presiding over the Stanford-related actions in the Northern District of Texas entered an 
order providing that it would consider the applicability of SLUSA to the Stanford-related actions based on the decision 
in a separate Stanford action not involving a Willis entity, Roland v. Green, Civil Action No. 3:10-CV-0224-N. On 
August 31, 2011, the court issued its decision in Roland, dismissing that action with prejudice under SLUSA. 

On October 27, 2011, the court in Troice entered an order (i) dismissing with prejudice those claims asserted in the 
Third Amended Class Action Complaint on a class basis on the grounds set forth in the Roland decision discussed 
above and (ii) dismissing without prejudice those claims asserted in the Third Amended Class Action Complaint on an 
individual basis. Also on October 27, 2011, the court entered a final judgment in the action. 

On October 28, 2011, the plaintiffs in Troice filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. 
Subsequently, Troice, Roland and a third action captioned Troice, et al. v. Proskauer Rose LLP, Civil Action No. 3:09-
CV-01600-N, which also was dismissed on the grounds set forth in the Roland decision discussed above and on appeal 
to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, were consolidated for purposes of briefing and oral argument. 
Following the completion of briefing and oral argument, on March 19, 2012, the Fifth Circuit reversed and remanded 
the actions. On April 2, 2012, the defendants-appellees filed petitions for rehearing en banc. On April 19, 2012, the 
petitions for rehearing en banc were denied. On July 18, 2012, defendants-appellees filed a petition for writ of 
certiorari with the United States Supreme Court regarding the Fifth Circuit’s reversal in Troice. On January 18, 2013, 

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the Supreme Court granted our petition. Opening briefs were filed on May 3, 2013 and the Supreme Court heard oral 
argument on October 7, 2013. On February 26, 2014, the Supreme Court affirmed the Fifth Circuit’s decision.  

On March 19, 2014, the plaintiffs in Troice filed a Motion to Defer Resolution of Motions to Dismiss, to Compel Rule 
26(f) Conference and For Entry of Scheduling Order.  

On March 25, 2014, the parties in Troice and the Janvey, et al. v. Willis of Colorado, Inc., et al. action discussed below 
stipulated to the consolidation of the two actions for pre-trial purposes under Rule 42(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil 
Procedure. On March 28, 2014, the Court ‘so ordered’ that stipulation and, thus, consolidated Troice and Janvey for 
pre-trial purposes under Rule 42(a).  

On September 16, 2014, the court (a) denied the plaintiffs’ request to defer resolution of the defendants’ motions to 
dismiss, but granted the plaintiffs’ request to enter a scheduling order; (b) requested the submission of supplemental 
briefing by all parties on the defendants’ motions to dismiss, which the parties submitted on September 30, 2014; and 
(c) entered an order setting a schedule for briefing and discovery regarding plaintiffs’ motion for class certification, 
which schedule, among other things, provided for the submission of the plaintiffs’ motion for class certification 
(following the completion of briefing and discovery) on April 20, 2015.  

On December 15, 2014, the court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motions to dismiss. On January 30, 
2015, the defendants except Willis Group Holdings plc answered the Third Amended Class Action Complaint.  

On April 20, 2015, the plaintiffs filed their motion for class certification, the defendants filed their opposition to 
plaintiffs’ motion, and the plaintiffs filed their reply in further support of the motion. Pursuant to an agreed stipulation 
also filed with the court on April 20, 2015, the defendants on June 4, 2015 filed sur-replies in further opposition to the 
motion. The Court has not yet scheduled a hearing on the motion.  

On June 19, 2015, Willis Group Holdings plc filed a motion to dismiss the complaint for lack of personal jurisdiction.  
On November 17, 2015, Willis Group Holdings plc withdrew the motion.

•  Ranni v. Willis of Colorado, Inc., et al., C.A. No. 9-22085, was filed on July 17, 2009 against Willis Group Holdings 

plc and Willis of Colorado, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. The complaint was filed 
on behalf of a putative class of Venezuelan and other South American Stanford investors and alleges claims under 
Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and Rule 10b-5 thereunder) and Florida statutory and common 
law and seeks damages in an amount to be determined at trial. On October 6, 2009, Ranni was transferred, for 
consolidation or coordination with other Stanford-related actions (including Troice), to the Northern District of Texas 
by the U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation (the ‘JPML’). The defendants have not yet responded to the 
complaint in Ranni. On August 26, 2014, the plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary dismissal of the action without 
prejudice.

•  Canabal, et al. v. Willis of Colorado, Inc., et al., C.A. No. 3:9-CV-1474-D, was filed on August 6, 2009 against Willis 
Group Holdings plc, Willis of Colorado, Inc. and the same Willis associate named as a defendant in Troice, among 
others, also in the Northern District of Texas. The complaint was filed individually and on behalf of a putative class of 
Venezuelan Stanford investors, alleged claims under Texas statutory and common law and sought damages in excess 
of $1 billion, punitive damages, attorneys’ fees and costs. On December 18, 2009, the parties in Troice and Canabal 
stipulated to the consolidation of those actions (under the Troice civil action number), and, on December 31, 2009, the 
plaintiffs in Canabal filed a notice of dismissal, dismissing the action without prejudice.

•  Rupert, et al. v. Winter, et al., Case No. 2009C115137, was filed on September 14, 2009 on behalf of 97 Stanford 

investors against Willis Group Holdings plc, Willis of Colorado, Inc. and the same Willis associate, among others, in 
Texas state court (Bexar County). The complaint alleges claims under the Securities Act of 1933, Texas and Colorado 
statutory law and Texas common law and seeks special, consequential and treble damages of more than $300 million, 
attorneys’ fees and costs. On October 20, 2009, certain defendants, including Willis of Colorado, Inc., (i) removed 
Rupert to the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas, (ii) notified the JPML of the pendency of this 
related action and (iii) moved to stay the action pending a determination by the JPML as to whether it should be 
transferred to the Northern District of Texas for consolidation or coordination with the other Stanford-related actions. 
On April 1, 2010, the JPML issued a final transfer order for the transfer of Rupert to the Northern District of Texas. On 
January 24, 2012, the court remanded Rupert to Texas state court (Bexar County), but stayed the action until further 
order of the court. On August 13, 2012, the plaintiffs filed a motion to lift the stay, which motion was denied by the 
court on September 16, 2014. On October 10, 2014, the plaintiffs appealed the court’s denial of their motion to lift the 

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stay to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. On January 5, 2015, the Fifth Circuit consolidated the appeal 
with the appeal in the Rishmague, et ano. v. Winter, et al. action discussed below, and the consolidated appeal, was 
fully briefed as of March 24, 2015. Oral argument on the consolidated appeal was held on September 2, 2015. On 
September 16, 2015, the Fifth Circuit affirmed. The defendants have not yet responded to the complaint in Rupert.

•  Casanova, et al. v. Willis of Colorado, Inc., et al., C.A. No. 3:10-CV-1862-O, was filed on September 16, 2010 on 

behalf of seven Stanford investors against Willis Group Holdings plc, Willis Limited, Willis of Colorado, Inc. and the 
same Willis associate, among others, also in the Northern District of Texas. The complaint alleges claims under Texas 
statutory and common law and seeks actual damages in excess of $5 million, punitive damages, attorneys’ fees and 
costs. On February 13, 2015, the parties filed an Agreed Motion for Partial Dismissal pursuant to which they agreed to 
the dismissal of certain claims pursuant to the motion to dismiss decisions in the Troice action discussed above and the 
Janvey action discussed below. Also on February 13, 2015, the defendants except Willis Group Holdings plc answered 
the complaint in the Casanova action. On June 19, 2015, Willis Group Holdings plc filed a motion to dismiss the 
complaint for lack of personal jurisdiction. Plaintiffs have not opposed the motion.

•  Rishmague, et ano. v. Winter, et al., Case No. 2011CI2585, was filed on March 11, 2011 on behalf of two Stanford 

investors, individually and as representatives of certain trusts, against Willis Group Holdings plc, Willis of Colorado, 
Inc., Willis of Texas, Inc. and the same Willis associate, among others, in Texas state court (Bexar County). The 
complaint alleges claims under Texas and Colorado statutory law and Texas common law and seeks special, 
consequential and treble damages of more than $37 million and attorneys’ fees and costs. On April 11, 2011, certain 
defendants, including Willis of Colorado, Inc., (i) removed Rishmague to the Western District of Texas, (ii) notified the 
JPML of the pendency of this related action and (iii) moved to stay the action pending a determination by the JPML as 
to whether it should be transferred to the Northern District of Texas for consolidation or coordination with the other 
Stanford-related actions. On August 8, 2011, the JPML issued a final transfer order for the transfer of Rishmague to the 
Northern District of Texas, where it is currently pending. On August 13, 2012, the plaintiffs joined with the plaintiffs 
in the Rupert action in their motion to lift the court’s stay of the Rupert action. On September 9, 2014, the court 
remanded Rishmague to Texas state court (Bexar County), but stayed the action until further order of the court and 
denied the plaintiffs’ motion to lift the stay. On October 10, 2014, the plaintiffs appealed the court’s denial of their 
motion to lift the stay to the Fifth Circuit. On January 5, 2015, the Fifth Circuit consolidated the appeal with the appeal 
in the Rupert action, and the consolidated appeal was fully briefed as of March 24, 2015. Oral argument on the 
consolidated appeal was held on September 2, 2015. On September 16, 2015, the Fifth Circuit affirmed. The 
defendants have not yet responded to the complaint in Rishmague.

•  MacArthur v. Winter, et al., Case No. 2013-07840, was filed on February 8, 2013 on behalf of two Stanford investors 

against Willis Group Holdings plc, Willis of Colorado, Inc., Willis of Texas, Inc. and the same Willis associate, among 
others, in Texas state court (Harris County). The complaint alleges claims under Texas and Colorado statutory law and 
Texas common law and seeks actual, special, consequential and treble damages of approximately $4 million and 
attorneys’ fees and costs. On March 29, 2013, Willis of Colorado, Inc. and Willis of Texas, Inc. (i) removed MacArthur 
to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas and (ii) notified the JPML of the pendency of this related 
action. On April 2, 2013, Willis of Colorado, Inc. and Willis of Texas, Inc. filed a motion in the Southern District of 
Texas to stay the action pending a determination by the JPML as to whether it should be transferred to the Northern 
District of Texas for consolidation or coordination with the other Stanford-related actions. Also on April 2, 2013, the 
court presiding over MacArthur in the Southern District of Texas transferred the action to the Northern District of 
Texas for consolidation or coordination with the other Stanford-related actions. On September 29, 2014, the parties 
stipulated to the remand (to Texas state court (Harris County)) and stay of MacArthur until further order of the court 
(in accordance with the court’s September 9, 2014 decision in Rishmague (discussed above)), which stipulation was 
‘so ordered’ by the court on October 14, 2014. The defendants have not yet responded to the complaint in MacArthur.

•  Florida suits: On February 14, 2013, five lawsuits were filed against Willis Group Holdings plc, Willis Limited and 
Willis of Colorado, Inc. in Florida state court (Miami-Dade County) alleging violations of Florida common law. The 
five suits are: (1) Barbar, et al. v. Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, et al., Case No. 13-05666CA27, 
filed on behalf of 35 Stanford investors seeking compensatory damages in excess of $30 million; (2) de Gadala-
Maria, et al. v. Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, et al., Case No. 13-05669CA30, filed on behalf of 64 
Stanford investors seeking compensatory damages in excess of $83.5 million; (3) Ranni, et ano. v. Willis Group 
Holdings Public Limited Company, et al., Case No. 13-05673CA06, filed on behalf of two Stanford investors seeking 
compensatory damages in excess of $3 million; (4) Tisminesky, et al. v. Willis Group Holdings Public Limited 
Company, et al., Case No. 13-05676CA09, filed on behalf of 11 Stanford investors seeking compensatory damages in 

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excess of $6.5 million; and (5) Zacarias, et al. v. Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, et al., Case No. 
13-05678CA11, filed on behalf of 10 Stanford investors seeking compensatory damages in excess of $12.5 million. On 
June 3, 2013, Willis of Colorado, Inc. removed all five cases to the Southern District of Florida and, on June 4, 2013, 
notified the JPML of the pendency of these related actions. On June 10, 2013, the court in Tisminesky issued an order 
sua sponte staying and administratively closing that action pending a determination by the JPML as to whether it 
should be transferred to the Northern District of Texas for consolidation and coordination with the other Stanford-
related actions. On June 11, 2013, Willis of Colorado, Inc. moved to stay the other four actions pending the JPML’s 
transfer decision. On June 20, 2013, the JPML issued a conditional transfer order for the transfer of the five actions to 
the Northern District of Texas, the transmittal of which was stayed for seven days to allow for any opposition to be 
filed. On June 28, 2013, with no opposition having been filed, the JPML lifted the stay, enabling the transfer to go 
forward.  

On September 30, 2014, the court denied the plaintiffs’ motion to remand in Zacarias, and, on October 3, 2014, the 
court denied the plaintiffs’ motions to remand in Tisminesky and de Gadala Maria. On December 3, 2014 and March 
3, 2015, the court granted the plaintiffs’ motions to remand in Barbar and Ranni, respectively, remanded both actions 
to Florida state court (Miami-Dade County) and stayed both actions until further order of the court. On January 2, 
2015 and April 1, 2015, the plaintiffs in Barbar and Ranni, respectively, appealed the court’s December 3, 2014 and 
March 3, 2015 decisions to the Fifth Circuit. On April 22, 2015 and July 22, 2015, respectively, the Fifth Circuit 
dismissed the Barbar and Ranni appeals sua sponte for lack of jurisdiction. We believe the dismissals were in error 
and that appeals are likely to be reinstated. The defendants have not yet responded to the complaints in Ranni or 
Barbar.

On April 1, 2015, the defendants except Willis Group Holdings plc filed motions to dismiss the complaints in 
Zacarias, Tisminesky and de Gadala-Maria. On June 19, 2015, Willis Group Holdings plc filed motions to dismiss the 
complaints in Zacarias, Tisminesky and de Gadala-Maria for lack of personal jurisdiction. On July 15, 2015, the court 
dismissed the complaint in Zacarias in its entirety with leave to replead within 21 days. On July 21, 2015, the court 
dismissed the complaints in Tisminesky and de Gadala-Maria in their entirety with leave to replead within 21 days. On 
August 6, 2015, the plaintiffs in Zacarias, Tisminesky and de Gadala-Maria filed amended complaints (in which, 
among other things, Willis Group Holdings plc was no longer named as a defendant). On September 11, 2015, the 
defendants filed motions to dismiss the amended complaints. The motions await disposition by the court. 

• 

Janvey, et al. v. Willis of Colorado, Inc., et al., Case No. 3:13-CV-03980-D, was filed on October 1, 2013 also in the 
Northern District of Texas against Willis Group Holdings plc, Willis Limited, Willis North America Inc., Willis of 
Colorado, Inc. and the same Willis associate. The complaint was filed (i) by Ralph S. Janvey, in his capacity as Court-
Appointed Receiver for the Stanford Receivership Estate, and the Official Stanford Investors Committee (the ‘OSIC’) 
against all defendants and (ii) on behalf of a putative, worldwide class of Stanford investors against Willis North 
America Inc. Plaintiffs Janvey and the OSIC allege claims under Texas common law and the court’s Amended Order 
Appointing Receiver, and the putative class plaintiffs allege claims under Texas statutory and common law. Plaintiffs 
seek actual damages in excess of $1 billion, punitive damages and costs. As alleged by the Stanford Receiver, the total 
amount of collective losses allegedly sustained by all investors in Stanford certificates of deposit is approximately $4.6 
billion. 

On November 15, 2013, plaintiffs in Janvey filed the operative First Amended Complaint, which added certain 
defendants unaffiliated with Willis. On February 28, 2014, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the First Amended 
Complaint, which motions, other than with respect to Willis Group Holding plc’s motion to dismiss for lack of 
personal jurisdiction, were granted in part and denied in part by the court on December 5, 2014. On December 22, 
2014, Willis filed a motion to amend the court’s December 5 order to certify an interlocutory appeal to the Fifth 
Circuit, and, on December 23, 2014, Willis filed a motion to amend and, to the extent necessary, reconsider the court’s 
December 5 order. On January 16, 2015, the defendants answered the First Amended Complaint. On January 28, 2015, 
the court denied Willis’s motion to amend the court’s December 5 order to certify an interlocutory appeal to the Fifth 
Circuit. On February 4, 2015, the court granted Willis’s motion to amend and, to the extent necessary, reconsider the 
December 5 order.  

As discussed above, on March 25, 2014, the parties in Troice and Janvey stipulated to the consolidation of the two 
actions for pre-trial purposes under Rule 42(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. On March 28, 2014, the Court 
‘so ordered’ that stipulation and, thus, consolidated Troice and Janvey for pre-trial purposes under Rule 42(a).  

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On January 26, 2015, the court entered an order setting a schedule for briefing and discovery regarding the plaintiffs’ 
motion for class certification, which schedule, among other things, provided for the submission of the plaintiffs’ 
motion for class certification (following the completion of briefing and discovery) on July 20, 2015. By letter dated 
March 4, 2015, the parties requested that the court consolidate the scheduling orders entered in Troice and Janvey to 
provide for a class certification submission date of April 20, 2015 in both cases. On March 6, 2015, the court entered 
an order consolidating the scheduling orders in Troice and Janvey, providing for a class certification submission date 
of April 20, 2015 in both cases, and vacating the July 20, 2015 class certification submission date in the original 
Janvey scheduling order.

On November 17, 2015, Willis Group Holdings plc withdrew its motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction.

The plaintiffs in Janvey and Troice and the other actions above seek overlapping damages, representing either the entirety or a 
portion of the total alleged collective losses incurred by investors in Stanford certificates of deposit, notwithstanding the fact 
that Legacy Willis acted as broker of record for only a portion of time that Stanford issued certificates of deposit. Additional 
actions could be brought in the future by other investors in certificates of deposit issued by Stanford and its affiliates seeking 
some or all of the same alleged losses. Given the stage of the proceedings, and notwithstanding the broadest allegation of some 
plantiffs, the Company is currently unable to provide an estimate of the reasonably possible maximum loss or range of loss.  In 
the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company recognised a $70 million litigation provision for loss contingencies relating to the 
Stanford matters based on its ongoing review of a variety of factors as required by accounting standards. The ultimate 
resolution of these matters may differ from the amount provided for. The Company continues to dispute the allegations and to 
defend the lawsuits vigorously.  

City of Houston

On August 1, 2014, the City of Houston (‘plaintiff’) filed suit against Legacy Towers Watson in the United States District Court 
for the Southern District of Texas, Houston Division. 

In the complaint, plaintiff alleges various deficiencies in pension actuarial work-product and advice stated to have been 
provided by Legacy Towers Watson’s predecessor firm, Towers Perrin, in its capacity as principal actuary to the Houston 
Firefighters’ Relief and Retirement Fund (the ‘Fund’). Towers Perrin is stated to have acted in this capacity between “the early 
1980s until 2002”.

In particular, the complaint is critical of two reports allegedly issued by Towers Perrin - one in February 2000 and the other in 
April 2000 - containing actuarial valuations upon which plaintiff claims to have relied. Plaintiff claims that the reports indicated 
that the City’s minimum contribution percentages to the Fund would remain in place through at least 2018; and that existing 
benefits under the Fund could be increased, and new benefits could be added, without increasing plaintiff’s financial burden, 
and without increasing plaintiff’s rate of annual contributions to the Fund. The complaint alleges that plaintiff relied on these 
reports when supporting a new benefit package for the Fund.  These reports, and other advice, are alleged, among other things, 
to have been negligent, to have misrepresented the present and future financial condition of the Fund and the contributions 
required to be made by plaintiff to support those benefits. Plaintiff asserts that, but for Towers Perrin’s alleged negligence and 
misrepresentations, plaintiff would not have supported the benefit increase, and that such increased benefits would not and 
could not have been approved or enacted.  It is further asserted that Towers Perrin’s alleged “negligence and misrepresentations 
damaged the City to the tune of tens of millions of dollars in annual contributions.” 

Plaintiff seeks the award of actual damages, exemplary damages, special damages, attorney’s fees and expenses, costs of suit, 
pre- and post- judgment interest at the maximum legal rate, and other unspecified legal and equitable relief.  Plaintiff has not 
yet quantified fully its asserted damages.  

On October 10, 2014, Legacy Towers Watson filed a motion to dismiss plaintiff’s entire complaint on the basis that the 
complaint fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. On November 21, 2014, the City filed its response in 
opposition to Legacy Towers Watson’s motion to dismiss. On September 23, 2015, Legacy Towers Watson’s motion to dismiss 
was denied by the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Houston Division. 

Given the stage of the proceedings, the Company is currently unable to provide an estimate of the reasonably possible loss or 
range of loss. The Company disputes the allegations, and intends to defend the lawsuit vigorously.

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British Coal Staff Superannuation Scheme

On September 4, 2014, Towers Watson Limited (‘TWL’), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legacy Towers Watson, received a 
Letter of Claim (the ‘Demand Letter’) on behalf of Coal Staff Superannuation Scheme Trustees Limited (the ‘Trustee’), trustee 
of the British Coal Staff Superannuation Scheme (the ‘Scheme’).  The Demand Letter was sent under the Professional 
Negligence Pre-Action Protocol, a pre-action dispute resolution procedure which applies in England and Wales.

In the Demand Letter, it is asserted that the Trustee has a claim against TWL in respect of allegedly negligent investment 
consulting advice provided to it by Watson Wyatt Limited, in the United Kingdom, in particular with regard to a currency hedge 
that was implemented in connection with the Scheme’s investment of £250 million in a Bluebay local currency emerging 
market debt fund in August 2008 (the ‘Investment’).  It is alleged that the currency hedge has caused a substantial loss to the 
Scheme, compensatory damages for which losses are quantified at £47.5 million, for the period August 2008 to October 2012.  

TWL sent a Letter of Response on December 23, 2014.

On November 11, 2015, the Trustee issued a Claim Form in the English High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Division, 
Commercial Court, in which TWL is named defendant.  The Trustee asserts that, in breach of retainer, or of a duty of care 
alleged to have been owed under contract or at common law, TWL acted negligently and/or provided negligent advice in 
connection with the Investment and/or in relation to the monitoring of the performance of the Investment.    The Trustee asserts 
that, but for the alleged breaches, the Scheme would have achieved a return on the Investment that was approximately £47.5 
million greater than the return on the Investment which it ultimately achieved, in the period between August 2008 and 28 
September 2012. To date, TWL has not been served with the Claim Form.  

Based on all of the information to date, and given the stage of the matter, TWL is currently unable to provide an estimate of the 
reasonably possible loss or range of loss.  TWL disputes the allegations, and intends to defend the matter vigorously.  

Meriter Health Services

On January 12, 2015, Towers Watson Delaware Inc. (‘TWDE’), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was served with a 
Summons and Complaint (the ‘Complaint’) on behalf of Meriter Health Services, Inc. (‘Meriter’), plan sponsor of the Meriter 
Health Services Employee Retirement Plan (the ‘Plan’). The Complaint was filed in Wisconsin State Court in Dane County; on 
February 12, 2015, the Complaint was removed to the United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin. On 
March 10, 2015, Meriter filed a Motion to Remand, seeking to transfer the Complaint back to Wisconsin State Court in Dane 
County. On November 20, 2015, the district court granted Meriter’s motion and remanded the case back to the Circuit Court of 
Dane County, Wisconsin. 

On July 24, 2015, Meriter filed an Amended Complaint, to which TWDE and other defendants filed answers on August 10, 
2015.  Meriter filed a Second Amended Complaint on December 29, 2015, and has stated an intent to file a third amended 
complaint on or before March 1, 2016.  

In the Second Amended Complaint, Meriter alleges that Towers, Perrin, Forster & Crosby, Inc. (‘TPFC’) and Davis, Conder, 
Enderle & Sloan, Inc. (‘DCES’), and other entities and individuals, acted negligently concerning the benefits consulting advice 
provided to Meriter, including TPFC’s involvement in the Plan design and drafting of the Plan document in 1987, and DCES’ 
Plan review in 2001, Plan redesign, Plan amendment, and drafting of ERISA section 204(h) notices. Additionally, Meriter 
asserts that TPFC and DCES, and other entities and individuals, breached alleged fiduciary duties to advise Meriter regarding 
the competency of Meriter’s then ERISA counsel.  Meriter also has asserted causes of action for contribution, indemnity, and 
equitable subrogation related to amounts paid to settle a class action lawsuit related to the Plan that was filed by Plan 
participants against Meriter in 2010, alleging a number of ERISA violations and related claims. Meriter settled that lawsuit in 
2015 for $82 million. In its initial disclosures, Meriter indicated that it seeks damages in the amount of $135 million, which 
include amounts it claims to have paid to settle and defend the class action litigation, and amounts it claims to have incurred as 
a result of ‘improper plan design’.  Meriter seeks to recover these alleged damages from TWDE.

On January 12, 2016, TWDE and the other defendants filed a motion for summary judgment seeking dismissal of Meriter’s 
negligence and breach of fiduciary duty claims.

Based on all of the information to date, and given the stage of the matter, TWDE is currently unable to provide an estimate of 
the reasonably possible  loss or range of loss. TWDE disputes the allegations, and intends to defend the matter vigorously. 

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Item 4 — Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Legal proceedings

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Part II

Item 5 — Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 

Purchases of Equity Securities

Share Data

Legacy Willis’ shares were traded on the New York Stock Exchange (‘NYSE’) under the symbol ‘WSH’ from June 11, 2001 
through January 4, 2016. On January 4, 2016, upon completion of the merger with Towers Watson, the Company effected a 1 to 
2.6490 reverse stock split to shareholders of record as of January 4, 2016. All share and per share information has been 
retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split.  Our shares began trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under 
the symbol ‘WLTW’ on January 5, 2016.  

The high and low sale prices of our shares, as reported by the NYSE or the NASDAQ, are set forth below for the periods 
indicated.

2014:
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter
2015:
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter
2016:
Through February 26, 2016

Price Range
of Shares

High

Low

$ 120.21
$ 117.85
$ 118.12
$ 120.95

$ 131.42
$ 132.34
$ 125.91
$ 130.97

$ 107.87
$ 107.21
$ 105.46
$ 103.60

$ 113.40
$ 119.95
$ 106.57
$ 107.21

$ 127.44

$ 104.11

On February 26, 2016, the last reported sale price of our shares as reported by the NASDAQ was $112.75 per share. As of 
February 26, 2016, there were approximately 1,509 shareholders on the record of our shares.

Dividends

We normally pay dividends on a quarterly basis to shareholders of record on March 31, June 30, September 30 and 
December 31. The dividend paid on December 2, 2015 was to shareholders of record on November 18, 2015. The dividend 
payment dates and amounts are as follows:

Payment Date

January 15, 2014

April 15, 2014

July 15, 2014

October 15, 2014

January 15, 2015

April 15, 2015

July 15, 2015

October 15, 2015

December 2, 2015

$ Per Share

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.742

0.795

0.795

0.795

0.795

0.821

0.821

0.821

0.821

There are no governmental laws, decrees or regulations in Ireland that restrict the remittance of dividends or other payments to 
non-resident holders of the Company’s shares.

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Share data and dividends

In circumstances where one of Ireland’s many exemptions from dividend withholding tax (‘DWT’) does not apply, dividends 
paid by the Company will be subject to Irish DWT (currently 20 percent). Residents of the United States should be exempt 
from Irish DWT provided relevant documentation supporting the exemption has been put in place. While the US-Ireland 
Double Tax Treaty contains provisions reducing the rate of Irish DWT in prescribed circumstances, it should generally be 
unnecessary for US residents to rely on the provisions of this treaty due to the wide scope of exemptions from Irish DWT 
available under Irish domestic law. Irish income tax may also arise in respect of dividends paid by the Company. However, US 
residents entitled to an exemption from Irish DWT generally have no Irish income tax liability on dividends. 

With respect to non-corporate US shareholders, certain dividends from a qualified foreign corporation may be subject to 
reduced rates of taxation. A foreign corporation is treated as a qualified foreign corporation with respect to dividends received 
from that corporation on shares that are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, such as our 
shares. Non-corporate US shareholders that do not meet a minimum holding period requirement for our shares during which 
they are not protected from the risk of loss or that elect to treat the dividend income as ‘investment income’ pursuant to 
section 163(d)(4) of the Code will not be eligible for the reduced rates of taxation regardless of our status as a qualified foreign 
corporation. In addition, the rate reduction will not apply to dividends if the recipient of a dividend is obligated to make related 
payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. This disallowance applies even if the minimum 
holding period has been met. US shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of these rules 
given their particular circumstances. 

Total Shareholder Return

The following graph demonstrates a five-year comparison of cumulative total returns for Legacy Willis, Legacy Towers 
Watson, the S&P 500, Legacy Willis’ old peer group from prior to completion of the Merger comprised of Legacy Willis, Aon 
plc, Arthur J. Gallagher & Co., Brown & Brown Inc. and Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and a new peer group for Willis 
Towers Watson comprised of Accenture plc, Aon plc, Arthur J. Gallagher & Co., Brown & Brown Inc., Cognizant Technology 
Solutions Corporation, Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Robert Half International Inc. The comparison charts the 
performance of $100 invested on December 31, 2010, assuming full dividend reinvestment. 

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Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

During the quarter ended December 31, 2015, no shares were issued by the Company without registration under the Securities 
Act of 1933, as amended. 

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

Legacy Willis suspended its previously authorized buyback program on June 30, 2015, pending the completion of the Merger. 
During 2015, the Company bought back approximately 1,710,000 shares for a total cost of $82 million of its intended $175 
million 2015 buyback program to offset the increase in shares outstanding resulting from the exercise of employee stock 
options.

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Item 6 — Selected Financial Data

Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data

Selected Financial Data

The selected consolidated financial data presented below should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial 
statements of the Company and the related notes and Item 7 — ‘Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 
and Results of Operations’ included elsewhere in this report.

The selected historical consolidated financial data presented below as of and for each of the five years ended December 31, 
2015 have been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements of ‘Legacy Willis’, which have been prepared in 
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (‘US GAAP’).

Statement of Operations Data
Total revenues
Goodwill impairment charge
Operating income (loss)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and interest

in earnings of associates

Income (loss) from continuing operations
Discontinued operations, net of tax
Net income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson
Earnings per share on continuing operations — basic
Earnings per share on continuing operations — diluted
Average number of shares outstanding
— basic
— diluted
Balance Sheet Data (as of year end)
Goodwill
Other intangible assets, net
Total assets (i) (ii)
Total equity
Long-term debt (ii)
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt (ii)
Shares and additional paid-in capital
Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity
Other Financial Data
Capital expenditures (excluding capital leases)
Cash dividends declared per share

Year ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

(millions, except per share data)

$ 3,829
—
427

$ 3,802
—
647

$ 3,655
—
663

$ 3,480
(492)
(225)

$ 3,447
—
571

$

340
384
—
373
5.49
5.41

68
69

$

518
373
—
362
5.40
5.32

67
68

$

499
377
—
365
5.53
5.37

66
68

$ 3,737
1,115
18,839
2,360
2,278
988
1,672
2,229

$ 2,937
450
15,421
2,007
2,130
167
1,524
1,985

$ 2,838
353
14,785
2,243
2,297
14
1,316
2,215

(337)
(433)
—
$ (446) $
(6.86)
(6.86)

65
65

$ 2,827
385
15,099
1,725
2,325
15
1,125
1,699

239
219
1
204
3.14
3.09

65
66

$ 3,295
420
15,713
2,517
2,339
15
1,073
2,486

146
$
$ 3.28

110
$
$ 3.18

105
$
$ 2.97

133
$
$ 2.86

111
$
$ 2.75

_________________
(i) 

‘Legacy Willis’ collects premiums from insureds and, after deducting its commissions, remits the premiums to the respective insurers; the Company also 
collects claims or refunds from insurers which it then remits to insureds. Uncollected premiums from insureds and uncollected claims or refunds from 
insurers (‘fiduciary receivables’) are recorded as fiduciary assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. Unremitted insurance premiums, claims or 
refunds (‘fiduciary funds’) are also recorded within fiduciary assets.

(ii) 

‘Legacy Willis’ has early-adopted FASB-issued ASU No. 2015-03 ‘Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs’ and FASB-issued ASU No. 
2015-17 ‘Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes’. 2014, 2013, 2012 and 2011 balances have been reclassified accordingly. See Note 2 of the 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

(iii)  As set out in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, ‘Legacy Willis’ acquired Gras Savoye on December 29, 2015.
(iv)  As set out in Note 31 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, on January 4, 2016, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated 
June 29, 2015, as amended on November 19, 2015, between Willis, Towers Watson, and Citadel Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis 
formed for the purpose of facilitating this transaction (‘Merger Sub’), Merger Sub merged with and into Towers Watson, with Towers Watson continuing 
as the surviving corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis. 

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Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results

of Operations

This discussion includes references to non-GAAP financial measures as defined in the rules of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission (‘SEC’). We present such non-GAAP financial measures, specifically underlying and organic non-GAAP financial 
measures, as we believe such information is of interest to the investment community because it provides additional meaningful 
methods of evaluating certain aspects of the Company’s operating performance from period to period on a basis that may not 
be otherwise apparent on a GAAP basis, and these provide a measure against which our businesses may be assessed in the 
future.

Underlying  total  revenues,  underlying  total  expenses,  underlying  salaries  and  benefits,  underlying  other  operating  expenses, 
underlying operating income, underlying operating margin, underlying EBITDA, underlying net income and underlying earnings 
per diluted share (hereinafter referred to collectively as the ‘underlying measures’) are calculated by excluding the impact of 
certain items and period over period movements in foreign currency, from the most directly comparable GAAP measures. 

Organic commissions and fees, total revenues, organic total expenses, organic salaries and benefits, organic other operating 
expenses, organic operating income, organic operating margin and organic EBITDA (hereinafter referred to collectively as the 
‘organic measures’) further adjust underlying measures to exclude the twelve month impact from acquisitions and disposals 
from the most directly comparable GAAP measures.

Our methods of calculating these measures may differ from those used by other companies and therefore comparability may be 
limited. These financial measures should be viewed in addition to, not in lieu of, the consolidated financial statements for the 
year ended December 31, 2015.

This discussion includes forward-looking statements, including under the headings ‘Executive Summary’, ‘Review of 
consolidated results’, ‘Liquidity and Capital Resources’, and ‘Critical Accounting Estimates’. Please see ‘Forward-Looking 
Statements’ for certain cautionary information regarding forward-looking statements and a list of factors that could cause 
actual results to differ materially from those predicted in those statements.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Business Overview

Willis Towers Watson is a leading global advisory, broking and solutions company that helps clients around the world turn risk 
into a path for growth. With roots dating to 1828, Willis Towers Watson has approximately 39,000 employees in more than 120 
countries. We design and deliver solutions that manage risk, optimize benefits, cultivate talent, and expand the power of capital 
to protect and strengthen institutions and individuals. Our unique perspective allows us to see the critical intersections between 
talent, assets and ideas - the dynamic formula that drives business performance.

We bring together professionals from around the world - experts in their areas of specialty - to deliver the perspectives that give 
organizations a clear path forward. We do this by offering risk management, insurance broking, consulting, technology and 
solutions and private exchanges.

In our capacity as a consultant, technology and solutions, and private exchange company we help our clients enhance business 
performance by improving their ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified employees. We focus on delivering consulting 
services that help organizations anticipate, identify and capitalize on emerging opportunities in human capital management as 
well as investment advice to help our clients develop disciplined and efficient strategies to meet their investment goals. We 
operate the largest private Medicare exchange in the United States. Through this exchange, we help our clients move to a more 
sustainable economic model by capping and controlling the costs associated with retiree healthcare benefits.

In our capacity as risk advisor and insurance broker, we act as an intermediary between our clients and insurance carriers by 
advising our clients on their risk management requirements, helping clients determine the best means of managing risk, and 
negotiating and placing insurance with insurance carriers through our global distribution network. We also offer clients a broad 
range of services to help them to identify and control their risks. These services range from strategic risk consulting (including 
providing actuarial analysis), to a variety of due diligence services, to the provision of practical on-site risk control services 
(such as health and safety or property loss control consulting) as well as analytical and advisory services (such as hazard 
modeling and reinsurance optimization studies). We assist clients in planning how to manage incidents or crises when they 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

occur. These services include contingency planning, security audits and product tampering plans. We are not an insurance 
company and therefore we do not underwrite insurable risks for our own account.

For additional information regarding our business, see the more detailed discussion under Part I, Item 1 - ‘Business’ of this 
Form 10-K. 

Towers Watson Merger

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into Towers Watson & Co. with Towers Watson & Co. 
continuing as the surviving corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis on January 4, 2016. 

Immediately following the Merger, Willis effected (i) a consolidation (i.e., a reverse stock split under Irish law) of Willis 
ordinary shares whereby every 2.6490 Willis ordinary shares were consolidated into one Willis ordinary share (the 
‘Consolidation’) and (ii) an amendment to its Constitution and other organizational documents to change its name from Willis 
Group Holdings Public Limited Company to Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company. 

We are integrating Legacy Willis and Legacy Towers Watson (‘Legacy Companies’, collectively) and creating a unified 
platform for global growth, including positioning the Company to leverage our mutual distribution strength to enhance market 
penetration, expand our global footprint and create a strong platform for further innovation. The fully integrated Company will 
have a more comprehensive offering of services and solutions to provide to clients across four business segments: Corporate 
Risk and Broking; Exchange Solutions; Human Capital and Benefits; and Investment, Risk and Reinsurance.

Due to the closing date of the Merger on January 4, 2016, after the end of the fiscal year, Legacy Towers Watson results of 
operations and financial position are not presented in this Form 10-K. Please see Note 31 — Subsequent Events for additional 
information.

Until we are integrated, we will continue to manage our business through the Legacy Company platforms. Legacy Willis has 
four reportable operating segments: Willis GB; Willis Capital, Wholesale & Reinsurance (‘Willis CWR’); Willis North 
America; and Willis International. Legacy Towers Watson has four reportable operating segments: Benefits; Exchange 
Solutions; Risk and Financial Services; and Talent and Rewards. From April 1, 2016, we expect to manage our business across 
four integrated reportable operating segments: Corporate Risk and Broking; Exchange Solutions; Human Capital and Benefits; 
and Investment, Risk and Reinsurance.

Market Conditions

The following describes market conditions impacting Legacy Willis operations in the periods ended December 31, 2015 and 
2014.  

Due to the cyclical nature of the insurance market and the impact of other market conditions on insurance premiums, 
commission revenues may vary widely between accounting periods. A period of low or declining premium rates, generally 
known as a ‘soft’ or ‘softening’ market, generally leads to downward pressure on commission revenues and can have a material 
adverse impact on our commission revenues and operating margin. A ‘hard’ or ‘firming’ market, during which premium rates 
rise, generally has a favorable impact on our commission revenues and operating margin. Rates, however, vary by geography, 
industry and client segment. As a result, and due to the global and diverse nature of our business, we view rates in the 
aggregate.

Market conditions in our industry are generally defined by factors such as the strength of the economies in the various 
geographic regions in which we serve around the world, insurance rate movements, and insurance and reinsurance buying 
patterns of our clients.

In 2014 we noted a continuation of the trend of growing complexity in the reinsurance market and a softening of prices, and 
signs of acceleration towards softening reinsurance rates across almost all classes of business and geographies as positive 2013 
results for traditional reinsurers exacerbated the growing supply of capital from third-party investors. In addition, for primary 
insurance companies, the ability to recognize primary rate increases may be coming to an end and, consequently, rate flattening 
and even rate reductions are seen in many territories on primary insurance classes.

In 2015 we saw an easing of both reinsurance and primary insurance rates across most lines of business, although the rate of 
decline varies significantly by market and geography, and the marketplace continues to both favor and offer opportunities for 
the buyers of (re)insurance. Markets clearly continue to face significant over-capacity and competitive pricing conditions, and 

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overall underwriting margins remain under substantial pressure. Although we are beginning to see the return of more normal 
market conditions, these challenging and uneven market conditions may result in quarterly volatility in actual financial 
performance in comparison to our 2015 strategic and financial goals.

In the face of this challenging economic environment, we have adopted a strategy to (1) invest selectively in growth areas, 
defined by geography, industry sector, and client segment and (2) better coordinate our segments so as to bring our clients 
greater access to the Company’s specialty areas and analytical capabilities. Our growth strategy also involves increasing our 
investment in, and deployment of, our analytical capabilities.

With respect to the Legacy Towers Watson operations, the market for our services is subject to change as a result of economic, 
regulatory and legislative changes, technological developments, and increased competition from established and new 
competitors. Regulatory and legislative actions, along with continuously evolving technological developments, will likely have 
the greatest impact on the overall market for our exchange products. We believe the primary factors in selecting a human 
resources or risk management consulting firm include reputation, the ability to provide measurable increases to stockholder 
value and return on investment, global scale, quality of service and the ability to tailor services to clients’ unique needs. With 
regard to the market for exchanges, we believe that clients base their decisions on a variety of factors that include the ability of 
the provider to deliver measurable cost savings for clients, a strong reputation for efficient execution, a provider's capability in 
delivering a broad number of configurations to serve various population segments and financing options, and an innovative 
service delivery model and platform. For our traditional consulting and risk management services and the rapidly evolving 
exchange products, we believe we compete favorably with respect to these factors.

Financial Performance

The following is a summary of Legacy Willis’ 2015 GAAP financial results: 

•  Total revenues of $3,829 million increased by $27 million, or 0.7 percent over the prior year. This growth comprised 

$115 million organic growth in commissions and fees, led by our International segment which reported high single 
digit growth, and a net $157 million increase from the impact of acquisitions and disposals, partially offset by $15 
million organic decline in other revenues and $230 million adverse foreign currency movements. 

•  Total operating expenses of $3,402 million increased by $247 million, or 7.8 percent over the prior year. This growth 
included a $90 million increase in restructuring costs related to the Operational Improvement Program, a $77 million 
increase in M&A related-transaction costs, a $70 litigation provision, a $181 million net increase in expenses from 
acquisitions and disposals, partially offset by $197 million favorable foreign currency movements. 

•  Operating margin decreased 580 basis points to 11.2 percent from 17.0 percent in the prior year, as the increase in total 
operating expenses exceeded the increase in total revenues, primarily due to the $90 million increase in restructuring 
costs related to the Operational Improvement Program, the $70 million litigation provision referred to above, and the  
increase in expenses due to the mid-year acquisition of Miller initially exceeding the increase in revenues generated by 
the acquisition, due the seasonal profile of the business.

•  Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson was $373 million, or $5.41 per diluted share, an increase of $11 

million, or 3.0 percent, from $362 million, or $5.32 per diluted share, in 2014.

•  Cash flows from operating activities were $243 million in 2015, a decrease of $234 million, or 49.1 percent from $477 
million in 2014. The $234 decrease was largely due to the following: higher cash outflow for restructuring costs and 
M&A transaction-related costs; higher cash outflow for incentives; and increase in accounts receivable from growth in 
the business and the timing of cash collections.

Our non-GAAP financial measures were as follows:

•  Underlying total revenues of $3,829 million increased $257 million, or 7.2 percent, over the prior year. Excluding the 
net $157 million increase from acquisitions and disposals, organic total revenues increased $100 million, or 2.8 
percent over the prior year. This growth was driven by high commissions and fees growth in our International segment, 
supported by growth in Willis North America; partially offset by an $11 million decrease in other income due to the 
non-recurrence of a settlement related to a specialty book of business within Willis CWR.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

•  Underlying total expenses of $3,122 million increased $207 million, or 7.1 percent, over the prior year. Excluding the 

net $181 million increase from acquisitions and disposals, organic total operating expenses of $2,912 million increased 
$26 million, or 0.9 percent, over the prior year. 

•  The resultant organic operating margin increased by 150 basis points to 19.5 percent from 18.0 percent in the prior 

year.

Acquisitions and Disposals

Legacy Willis continued to successfully deliver on its measured acquisition strategy, which has been focused on high quality, 
specialized firms with leading market positions, and has continued to contribute to the Company’s overall growth rate.

Revenues from the twelve-month impact of acquisitions (net of disposals) have increased total revenues by $157 million more 
in 2015 than in 2014. Additionally, the twelve-month impact of acquisitions (net of disposals) has contributed approximately 
$12 million more to EBITDA compared with 2014.

The following are the key Legacy Willis acquisitions completed during 2015:

•  On May 31, 2015, Legacy Willis acquired an 85 percent interest in Miller Insurance Services LLP and its subsidiaries, 

a leading London wholesale specialist insurance broking firm.

•  On December 29, 2015, Legacy Willis acquired substantially all of the remaining share capital of GS & Cie Group 
(‘Gras Savoye’), the leading insurance broker in France. Gras Savoye has access to high-growth markets through a 
comprehensive network that spans Central and Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East.

During 2015, Legacy Willis also acquired:

•  Carsa Consultores, Agente de Seguros y de Fianzas de CV and its group companies, a leading insurance broker in 

Mexico;

• 

the trade and assets of Evolution Benefits Consulting, Inc., a human capital practice in Pennsylvania;

•  Elite Risk Services, Taiwan;

•  CKA Risk Solutions, Australia; 

• 

• 

• 

Sparsam, Sweden; 

PMI Group, UK (Private Medicine Intermediaries); and

the remaining interest in Miller do Brasil.

Operational improvement program

In April 2014, Legacy Willis announced an operational improvement program that would allow it to continue to strengthen its 
client service, realize operational efficiencies, and invest in new capabilities for growth. 

The main elements of the program include the following:

•  movement of more than 3,500 support roles from higher cost locations to Willis facilities in lower cost locations, 

bringing the ratio of employees in higher cost versus lower cost near-shore and off-shore centers from approximately 
80:20 to approximately 60:40;

• 

• 

net workforce reductions in support positions;

lease consolidation in real estate and reductions in ratios of seats per employee and square footage of floor space per 
employee; and

• 

information technology systems simplification and rationalization.

The program began in the second quarter of 2014 and is expected to be complete by the end of 2017. The program was 
expecting to deliver cumulative cost savings of at least $420 million through 2017 and annual cost savings of approximately 
$300 million starting in 2018. However, due to strong execution against the overall strategy to date, the Company has increased 

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its expectations for cost savings from the program. The annual cost savings expected to be generated by the end of 2017 are 
now expected to be $325 million and the cumulative savings are now expected to be in excess of $490 million through the end 
of the program. The program cumulative expected savings exclude merger-related savings.

Actual cost savings of approximately $123 million were achieved in 2014 and 2015, taken together, and the estimated phasing 
of future cost savings is as follows: up to approximately $150 million in 2016, and up to approximately $250 million in 2017. 
The estimated cost savings are before any potential reinvestment for future growth. 

To achieve these savings, the Company now expects to incur restructuring charges amounting up to approximately $440 million 
through the end of 2017. Program spend in 2014 and 2015, taken together, was $162 million, with approximately $140 million 
expected for 2016 and the balance of approximately $125 million expected to be incurred in 2017.

Total spend, actual savings, and timing may vary positively or negatively from these estimates due to changes in the scope, 
underlying assumptions, or execution risk of the restructuring plan throughout its duration.

The Company expects that about 75 percent of the annualized 2018 savings would come from role relocation and reduction, 
and about 25 percent of the savings from real estate, information technology and other areas.

Relevant Legacy Willis metrics are:

• 

• 

• 

ratio of full time employees (FTEs) in higher cost geographies to lower cost near-shore and off-shore centers as at 
December 31, 2015 was 75:25 (December 31, 2014 ratio was 78:22; March 31, 2014 ratio was 80:20);

indexed ratio of square footage of real estate per FTE as at December 31, 2015 was 95 (December 31, 2014 ratio was 
98; March 31, 2014 ratio was 100); and 

indexed ratio of desks per FTE as at December 31, 2015 was 101 (December 31, 2014 ratio was 99 (March 31, 2014 
ratio was 100). 

By releasing 93,000 square feet of space since March 2014, we have been able to have more employees occupy a smaller area. 
We are still adding employees to our new office in Tampa, Florida, completed in the fourth quarter of 2015, which has impacted 
the desk per FTE ratio, as have the additional desks required throughout the business for contractors and consultants not 
included in the FTE headcount.

The restructuring costs of $126 million related to the Operational Improvement Program incurred in 2015 were:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

$31 million in the Willis North America, comprising $8 million termination benefits and $23 million professional services 
and other program costs; 

$27 million in Willis GB, comprising $10 million termination benefits and $17 million professional services and other 
program costs; 

$26 million in Willis International, comprising $8 million termination benefits and $18 million professional services and 
other program costs; 

$9 million in Willis CWR, comprising $7 million termination benefits and $2 million professional services and other 
program costs; and

$33 million in Corporate and other, comprising $3 million termination benefits and $30 million professional services and 
other program costs.

UK Defined Benefit Pension Scheme

Salary freeze

On March 6, 2015, Legacy Willis announced to members of the UK defined benefit pension plan that, with effect from June 30, 
2015, future salary increases would not be pensionable (the ‘salary freeze’). The Company has recognized the salary freeze as a 
plan amendment at the announcement date. The impact of the salary freeze is to reduce the plan’s projected benefit obligation 
by approximately $215 million and create a prior service credit which is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) and 
then amortized to the Statement of Operations over the remaining expected service life of active employees.

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Schedule of contributions

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

On December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis agreed to a revised schedule of contributions towards on-going accrual of benefits and 
deficit funding contributions the Company will make to the UK Plan to the end of 2024. The revised schedule of contributions 
replaces the previous agreement and therefore eliminates the clauses over profit share contributions and exceptional return 
contributions that became payable in certain circumstances.  

Based on the revised agreement, contributions in 2016 will total approximately $83 million being deficit funding contributions 
of approximately $53 million, on-going contributions of approximately $22 million and the final contingent contribution of 
approximately $8 million following the share buybacks made in 2015.

Annual deficit funding contributions will reduce to approximately $22 million for 2017 through 2020 although additional 
‘funding level’ contributions may become payable based on funding level assessments made between December 31, 2017 and 
2024.  Such annual funding level contributions are capped at approximately $15 million.  From 2021 annual deficit funding 
contributions may be ceased, and instead paid into escrow, if the Scheme is ahead of its funding plan.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

Legacy Willis non-GAAP financial measures for 2015

We believe that the understanding of the Company’s performance and comparative analysis of our results is enhanced by our 
disclosure of the following non-GAAP financial measures. We use these and other measures to establish Group performance 
targets and evaluate the performance of our operations. 

Our method for calculating these measures may differ from those used by other companies and therefore comparability may be 
limited. Our calculation methods are:

•  Underlying measures

Our underlying non-GAAP measures are calculated by excluding restructuring costs relating to the Operational 
Improvement Program, the impact of the Venezuelan Bolivar devaluation, certain litigation provisions, gains (losses) 
on disposal of operations, remeasurement of previously held equity interests, non-recurring changes in deferred tax 
valuation allowances and, from the second quarter of 2015, merger and acquisition (‘M&A’) transaction-related costs, 
as relevant, from total revenues, total expenses, salaries and benefits, other operating expenses, operating income, net 
income, and diluted earnings per share, the most directly comparable GAAP measures. As a result of excluding merger 
and acquisition transaction-related costs from the second quarter of 2015, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 
have been restated.

Additionally, prior year total revenues, total expenses, net income and diluted earnings per share have been rebased to 
current period exchange rates to eliminate the impact of year-over-year foreign exchange movements.

•  Organic measures

Our organic non-GAAP measures are calculated by further excluding the twelve-month impact from acquisitions and 
disposals from our underlying measures.

As set out in the tables below, underlying operating income increased $50 million, or 7.6 percent, to $707 million in 2015 
compared with $657 million in 2014. Underlying operating margin at 18.5 percent in 2015 was up 10 basis points compared 
with 2014, while 2015 underlying net income was $441 million, $44 million higher than in 2014. Underlying earnings per 
diluted share were $6.39 in 2015, compared with $5.83 in 2014.

As set out in the tables below, organic operating income increased $74 million, or 11.7 percent, to $706 million in 2015 
compared with $632 million in 2014. Organic operating margin at 19.5 percent in 2015 was up 150 basis points compared with 
2014.

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A reconciliation of reported total expenses, salaries and benefits and other operating expense, the most directly comparable 
GAAP measures, to underlying and organic total expenses, underlying and organic salaries and benefits and underlying and 
organic other operating expenses is as follows (in millions, except percentages):

2015 compared to 2014

Expenses, GAAP basis

Excluding:

Restructuring costs
M&A transaction-related costs (a)
Litigation provision (b)
Foreign currency movements (c)
Underlying expenses

Less: net expenses from acquisitions and

disposals
Organic expenses

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Total expenses

2015

2014

2015

2014

2015

2014

$

2,306

$

2,314

$

799

$

659

$

3,402

$

3,155

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

148

—

81

70

—

—

7

—

42

126

84

70

—

36

7

—

197

2,303

$

2,166

$

648

$

610

$

3,122

$

2,915

134

25

40

4

210

29

2,169

$

2,141

$

608

$

606

$

2,912

$

2,886

$

$

_________________________________
(a) As a result of excluding merger and acquisition transaction-related costs from underlying expenses, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 have been 
restated.
(b) In light of our review of facts and circumstances relating to the Stanford Financial Group litigation matters discussed under ‘Legal Proceedings’ in this 10-K 
report (which are non-ordinary course litigation matters), we added $70 million to our provisions for loss contingencies relating to the Stanford litigation.  In 
conducting such a review, we take into account a variety of factors in accordance with applicable accounting standards. The ultimate resolution of these matters 
may differ from the amount provided for.
(c) For prior periods, underlying measures have been rebased to current period exchange rates to remove the impact of foreign currency movements when 
comparing periods.

A reconciliation of reported total expenses, salaries and benefits and other operating expense, the most directly comparable 
GAAP measures, to underlying and organic total expenses, underlying and organic salaries and benefits and underlying and 
organic other operating expenses is as follows (in millions, except percentages):

2014 compared to 2013

Expenses, GAAP basis

Excluding:

Restructuring costs
M&A transaction-related costs (a)
Expense reduction initiative

Fee related to the extinguishment of debt
Foreign currency movements (b)
Underlying expenses

Less: net expenses from acquisitions and

disposals
Organic expenses

$

$

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Total expenses

2014

2013

2014

2013

2014

2013

$

2,314

$

2,207

$

659

$

636

$

3,155

$

2,992

—

—

—

—

—

2,314

$

—

—

29

—
(3)
2,181

—

7

—

—

—

$

652

$

33

13

4

—

—

12

1
(2)
625

3

36

7

—

—

—

$

3,112

$

—

—

46

1
(6)
2,951

29

19

2,281

$

2,168

$

648

$

622

$

3,083

$

2,932

_________________________________
(a) As a result of excluding merger and acquisition transaction-related costs from underlying expenses, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 have been 
restated.
(b) For prior periods, underlying measures have been rebased to current period exchange rates to remove the impact of foreign currency movements when 
comparing periods.

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A reconciliation of reported total revenues and operating income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, to underlying 
and organic total revenues, and underlying and organic operating income, is as follows (in millions, except percentages):

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

2015 compared to 2014

Total revenues, GAAP basis

Excluding:
Foreign currency movements (c)
Underlying total revenue

Less: net revenue from acquisitions and disposals

Organic total revenue

Operating income, GAAP basis

Excluding:

Restructuring costs
M&A transaction-related costs (a)
Litigation provision (b)
Foreign currency movements (c)
Underlying operating income

Less: net operating income from acquisitions and disposals

Organic operating income

Operating margin, GAAP basis, or operating income as a percentage of total

revenues

Underlying operating margin, or underlying operating income as a percentage of

underlying total revenues

Organic operating margin, or organic operating income as a percentage of organic

total revenues

_________________________________

$

$

$

$

$

$

2015

2014

3,829

$

3,802

$

$

$

$

$

—

3,829

211

3,618

427

126

84

70

—

707

1

706

11.2%

18.5%

19.5%

230

3,572

54

3,518

647

36

7

—
(33)
657

25

632

17.0%

18.4%

18.0%

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

As a result of excluding merger and acquisition transaction-related costs from underlying expenses, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 have 
been restated.

In light of our review of facts and circumstances relating to the Stanford Financial Group litigation matters discussed under ‘Legal Proceedings’ in 
this 10-K report (which are non-ordinary course litigation matters), we added $70 million to our provisions for loss contingencies relating to the 
Stanford litigation.  In conducting such a review, we take into account a variety of factors in accordance with applicable accounting standards. The 
ultimate resolution of these matters may differ from the amount provided for.

For prior periods, underlying measures have been rebased to current period exchange rates to remove the impact of foreign currency movements 
when comparing periods.

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A reconciliation of reported total revenues and operating income, the most directly comparable GAAP measure, to underlying 
and organic revenues, and underlying and organic operating income, is as follows (in millions, except percentages):

2014 compared to 2013

Total revenues, GAAP basis

Excluding:
Foreign currency movements (b)
Underlying total revenue

Less: net revenue from acquisitions and disposals

Organic total revenue

Operating income (loss), GAAP basis

Excluding:

Restructuring costs
M&A transaction-related costs (a)
Expense reduction initiative

Fee related to the extinguishment of debt
Foreign currency movements (b)
Underlying operating income

Less: net operating income from acquisitions and disposals

Organic operating income

Operating margin, GAAP basis, or operating income as a percentage of total

revenues

Underlying operating margin, or underlying operating income as a percentage of

underlying total revenues

Organic operating margin, or organic operating income as a percentage of organic

total revenues

_________________________________

$

$

$

$

$

$

2014

2013

$

$

$

$

3,802

—

3,802

56

3,746

647

36

7

—

—

—

690

3

687

17.0%

18.1%

18.3%

3,655

30

3,625

30

3,595

663

—

—

46

1
(36)
674

11

663

18.1%

18.6%

18.4%

(a) 

(b) 

As a result of excluding merger and acquisition transaction-related costs from underlying expenses, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 have 
been restated.

For prior periods, underlying measures have been rebased to current period exchange rates to remove the impact of foreign currency movements 
when comparing periods.

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A reconciliation of reported net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson, the most directly comparable GAAP measures, to 
underlying and organic EBITDA, is as follows (in millions):

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

2015 compared to 2014

Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson, GAAP basis

$

373

$

2015

2014

Excluding:

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Income taxes

Interest expense

Other income, net

Depreciation

Amortization

Restructuring costs
M&A transaction-related costs (a)
Litigation provision (b)
Foreign currency movements (c)
Underlying EBITDA

Less: EBITDA from acquisitions and disposals

Organic EBITDA

_________________________________

11
(11)
(33)
142
(55)
95

76

126

84

70

—

878
(37)
841

$

$

$

$

362

11
(14)
159

135
(6)
92

54

36

7

—
(40)
796
(25)
771

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

As a result of excluding merger and acquisition transaction-related costs from underlying expenses, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 have 
been restated.

In light of our review of facts and circumstances relating to the Stanford Financial Group litigation matters discussed under ‘Legal Proceedings’ in 
this 10-K report (which are non-ordinary course litigation matters), we added $70 million to our provisions for loss contingencies relating to the 
Stanford litigation.  In conducting such a review, we take into account a variety of factors in accordance with applicable accounting standards. The 
ultimate resolution of these matters may differ from the amount provided for.

For prior periods, underlying measures have been rebased to current period exchange rates to remove the impact of foreign currency movements 
when comparing periods.

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A reconciliation of reported net income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson, the most directly comparable GAAP 
measures, to underlying and organic EBITDA, is as follows (in millions):

2014 compared to 2013

2014

2013

Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson, GAAP basis

$

Excluding:

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Income taxes

Interest expense

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Other income, net

Depreciation

Amortization

Restructuring costs

Expense reduction initiative

Fees relating to the extinguishment of debt
M&A transaction-related costs (a) 
Foreign currency movements (b)
Underlying EBITDA

Less: EBITDA from acquisitions and disposals

Organic EBITDA

_________________________________

362

11
(14)
159

135

—
(6)
92

54

36

—

—

7

—

$

$

836

11

825

$

$

365

12

—

122

126

60
(22)
94

55

—

41

1

—
(35)
819

11

808

(a) 

(b) 

As a result of excluding merger and acquisition transaction-related costs from underlying expenses, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 have 
been restated.

For prior periods, underlying measures have been rebased to current period exchange rates to remove the impact of foreign currency movements 
when comparing periods.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

A reconciliation of reported net income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson and reported earnings per diluted share, the 
most directly comparable GAAP measures, to underlying net income and underlying earnings per diluted share, is as follows (in 
millions, except earnings per share data):

2015 compared to 2014

Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson, GAAP basis

$

373

$

362

$

5.41

$

5.32

2015

2014

2015

2014

Per diluted share

Excluding:

Restructuring costs, net of tax
M&A transaction-related costs, net of tax (a)
Litigation provision, net of tax (b)
Venezuela currency devaluation, net of tax

Deferred tax valuation allowance

Gain on remeasurement of equity interests, net of tax

Net gain on disposal of operations, net of tax
Foreign currency movements (c)
Underlying net income

_______________________________

98

74

42

30
(96)
(59)
(21)
—

$

441

$

28

7

—

13

21

—
(2)
(32)
397

1.42

1.07

0.61

0.44
(1.40)
(0.85)
(0.31)
—

$

6.39

$

0.41

0.10

—

0.19

0.31

—
(0.03)
(0.47)
5.83

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

As a result of excluding merger and acquisition transaction-related costs from underlying expenses, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 have 
been restated.

In light of our review of facts and circumstances relating to the Stanford Financial Group litigation matters discussed under ‘Legal Proceedings’ in 
this 10-K report (which are non-ordinary course litigation matters), we added $70 million to our provisions for loss contingencies relating to the 
Stanford litigation.  In conducting such a review, we take into account a variety of factors in accordance with applicable accounting standards. The 
ultimate resolution of these matters may differ from the amount provided for.

For prior periods, underlying measures have been rebased to current period exchange rates to remove the impact of foreign currency movements 
when comparing periods.

2014 compared to 2013

2014

2013

2014

2013

Per diluted share

Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson, GAAP basis

$

362

$

365

$

5.32

$

5.37

Excluding:

Restructuring costs, net of tax
M&A transaction-related costs, net of tax (a)
Venezuela currency devaluation, net of tax

Expense reduction initiative

Fee relating to the extinguishment of debt

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Deferred tax valuation allowance

Net gain on disposal of operations, net of tax
Foreign currency movements (b)
Underlying net income

_______________________________

28

7

13

—

—

—

21
(2)
—

$

429

$

—

—

—

38

1

60

9
(1)
(34)
438

0.41

0.10

0.19

—

—

—

0.31
(0.03)
—

$

6.30

$

—

—

—

0.56

0.01

0.88

0.13
(0.01)
(0.50)
6.44

(a) 

(b) 

As a result of excluding merger and acquisition transaction-related costs from underlying expenses, underlying non-GAAP measures for 2014 have 
been restated.

For prior periods, underlying measures have been rebased to current period exchange rates to remove the impact of foreign currency movements 
when comparing periods.

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REVIEW OF CONSOLIDATED RESULTS

The following table is a summary of our revenues, operating income, operating margin, net income and diluted earnings per 
share (in millions, except earnings per share data and percentages):

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Restructuring costs

Total expenses

OPERATING INCOME

Other income (expense), net

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Interest expense

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND INTEREST IN EARNINGS

OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

NET INCOME

Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Year Ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$

3,809

$

3,767

$

3,633

12

8

3,829

(2,306)
(799)
(95)
(76)
(126)
(3,402)
427

55

—
(142)

340

33

373

11

384
(11)

16

19

3,802

(2,314)
(659)
(92)
(54)
(36)
(3,155)
647

6

—
(135)

518
(159)

359

14

373
(11)

15

7

3,655

(2,207)
(636)
(94)
(55)
—
(2,992)
663

22
(60)
(126)

499
(122)

377

—

377
(12)

365

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS WATSON

$

373

$

362

$

Salaries and benefits as a percentage of total revenues

Other operating expenses as a percentage of total revenues

Operating margin (operating income as a percentage of total revenues)

Diluted earnings per share

Average diluted number of shares outstanding

60.2%

20.9%

11.2%

5.41

$

69

60.9%

17.3%

17.0%

5.32

$

68

60.4%

17.4%

18.1%

5.37

68

$

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Consolidated Results for 2015 compared to 2014 

Revenues

Total revenues by segment for 2015 and 2014 are shown below (millions, except percentages):

Year ended December 31,
Willis GB
Willis Capital, Wholesale &
Reinsurance
Willis North America
Willis International
  Commissions and fees
Investment income
Other income
  Total revenues

_________________

2015

2014

$

637

$

662

% Change
(3.8)%

811
1,298
1,063
3,809
12
8
3,829

$

$

749
1,318
1,038
3,767
16
19
3,802

$

$

8.3 %
(1.5)%
2.4 %
1.1 %
(25.0)%
(57.9)%
0.7 %

Change attributable to:

Foreign
currency
movements

Underlying
commissions
and fees
growth

Acquisitions
and
disposals

Organic
commissions 
and fees 
growth(a)

(5.4)%

1.6 %

(0.2)%

(4.2)%
(0.4)%
(18.7)%
(6.5)%

12.5 %
(1.1)%
21.1 %
7.6 %

11.5 %
(3.5)%
13.5 %
4.3 %

1.8%

1.0%
2.4%
7.6%
3.3%

(a)  Organic commissions and fees growth excludes: (i) the impact of foreign currency translation; (ii) the first twelve months of net commission and fee 
revenues generated from acquisitions; and (iii) the net commission and fee revenues related to operations disposed of in each period presented. Our 
methods of calculating these measures may differ from those used by other companies and therefore comparability may be limited.

Total revenues of $3,829 million increased by $27 million, or 0.7 percent, in 2015 compared to 2014. This was primarily due to 
1.1 percent growth in commissions and fees.

Total commissions and fees in 2015 were $3,809 million, up $42 million, or 1.1 percent, from $3,767 million in 2014. This 
increase was comprised of organic growth of $115 million, or 3.3 percent, and growth through acquisitions and disposals of 
$155 million, or 4.3 percent, partially offset by negative foreign currency movements of $228 million or 6.5 percent. 

The foreign currency impact was as a result of the strengthening of the US dollar against a number of currencies, most 
significantly the Euro and the Pound Sterling. 

Willis GB reported a 3.8 percent reduction in commissions and fees as organic growth of 1.8 percent was offset by a 5.4 percent 
negative impact from foreign currency translation and a net 0.2 percent decline from acquisitions and disposals primarily due to 
the disposal of our niche classic car business and Preston and Dundee retail operations, partially offset by the acquisition of 
PMI and certain Miller businesses.

Organic commissions and fees growth of 1.8 percent was primarily due to growth in Financial Lines, Property & Casualty and 
Aerospace.

Willis Capital, Wholesale & Reinsurance reported 8.3 percent growth in commissions and fees, comprising 1.0 percent organic 
growth and an 11.5 percent positive impact from acquisitions and disposals primarily driven by the acquisition of Miller 
Insurance Services in the first half of 2015.  This growth was partially offset by a 4.2 percent negative impact from foreign 
currency translation.

Organic commissions and fees growth of 1.0 percent was primarily due to growth in Reinsurance and new business wins in 
Willis Capital Markets & Advisory.

Willis North America reported 1.5 percent decline in commissions and fees compared to 2014 including organic growth of 2.4 
percent partially offset by 3.5 percent negative impact from the disposal of non-strategic low growth offices, and a negative 0.4 
percent impact from foreign currency translation. 

Willis International reported growth of 2.4 percent in commissions and fees compared with 2014, comprising 7.6 percent 
organic growth and 13.5 percent positive acquisitions impact, largely from the acquisition of Max Matthiessen. This was 
partially offset by an 18.7 percent negative impact from foreign currency translation. 

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Organic commissions and fees growth by segment is discussed further in ‘Review of Segmental Results’, below.

Other income reported a decrease of $11 million compared with 2014. This decrease was due to a $15 million decrease in 
settlements, partially offset by a $4 million increase in income from sales of US books of business.

Salaries and Benefits

Salaries and benefits were $2,306 million, or 0.3 percent, lower in 2015 compared with 2014 and include a net $109 million 
increase from acquisitions and disposals offset by $148 million of favorable foreign currency movements. The remaining 
increase of $31 million was driven by increased headcount, pay reviews, and higher incentives, partially offset by lower 
benefits.

Other Expenses

Other operating expenses were $140 million, or 21.2 percent, higher in 2015 compared with 2014. This growth included a net 
increase of $2 million in organic other operating costs, a net $36 million increase from acquisitions and disposals, a $70 million 
increase relating to litigation provisions and a $74 million increase in M&A transaction-related costs.  Growth was partially 
offset by $42 million of favorable foreign currency movements. 

Depreciation expense was $95 million in 2015, compared with $92 million in 2014. The increase of $3 million included an 
organic increase of $4 million and a net $4 million increase from acquisitions and disposals, partially offset by $5 million of 
favorable foreign currency movements.                

Amortization of intangible assets was $76 million in 2015, an increase of $22 million compared to 2014. The increase 
primarily reflects the increased charge relating to recent acquisitions including Charles Monat and Max Matthiessen, partially 
offset by the ongoing reduction in the HRH acquisition amortization 

Restructuring costs related to our operational improvement program were $126 million in 2015, compared with $36 million in 
2014. This is discussed in further detail in the ‘Operational improvement program’ section in the Executive Summary section 
above. 

Other Income (Expense), net 

Other income (expense), net increased by $49 million compared to 2014. This increase was primarily due to a $59 million gain 
on the remeasurement of the previously equity accounted investment in Gras Savoye and increased gains on disposals of 
operations partially offset by an increase in the foreign currency loss in Venezuela.

Income Taxes 

The tax rate for 2015 was (10) percent, compared with 31 percent for 2014. The decrease in tax rate over the prior year is 
mainly attributable to the partial release of the valuation allowance in the US.

After adjusting for certain items, as listed below, the tax rate for 2015 was 22 percent: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a tax benefit of $nil associated with the $30 million pre-tax expense arising in relation to the Venezuela currency 
devaluation;

a tax benefit of $28 million associated with charges of $126 million incurred in relation to the Operational 
Improvement Program; 

a tax expense of $4 million associated with pre-tax gains of $25 million related to business disposals;

a tax benefit of $96 million relating to a partial release of the US valuation allowance;

a tax benefit of $10 million associated with M&A transaction-related costs of $84 million; 

a tax benefit of $28 million associated with a $70 million litigation provision; and

a tax expense of $nil associated with the $59 million gain on remeasurement of equity interests.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Interest in Earnings of Associates, net of Tax

The majority of our interest in earnings of associates relates to our share of ownership of Gras Savoye, the leading broker in 
France. Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax, in 2015 was $11 million compared with $14 million in 2014. Following the 
acquisition of substantially all of the remaining share capital of Gras Savoye on December 29, 2015, interest in earnings of 
associates from that date no longer includes earnings from Gras Savoye, as we now consolidate Gras Savoye.

Consolidated Results for 2014 compared to 2013 

Revenues

Total revenues by segment for 2014 and 2013 are shown below (millions, except percentages):

Year ended December 31,

2014

2013

% Change

Willis GB
Willis Capital, Wholesale & Reinsurance

Willis North America
Willis International
  Commissions and fees
Investment income
Other income
  Total revenues
_________________

$

$

$

662
749

1,318
1,038
3,767
16
19
3,802

$

$

$

665
716

1,304
948
3,633
15
7
3,655

(0.5)%
4.6 %

1.1 %
9.5 %
3.7 %
6.7 %
171.4 %
4.0 %

Change attributable to:

Foreign
currency
translation

Acquisitions
and
disposals

Organic
commissions 
and fees 
growth(a)

1.4 %
0.1 %

— %
(4.9)%
(0.9)%

(0.4)%
0.2 %

(1.6)%
5.6 %
0.8 %

(1.5)%
4.3 %

2.7 %
8.8 %
3.8 %

(a)  Organic commissions and fees growth excludes: (i) the impact of foreign currency translation; (ii) the first twelve months of net commission and fee 
revenues generated from acquisitions; and (iii) the net commission and fee revenues related to operations disposed of in each period presented. Our 
methods of calculating these measures may differ from those used by other companies and therefore comparability may be limited.

Total revenues of $3,802 million increased by $147 million, or 4.0 percent, in 2014 compared to 2013. This was primarily due 
to 3.7 percent growth in commissions and fees.

Total commissions and fees in 2014 were $3,767 million, up $134 million, or 3.7 percent, from $3,633 million in 2013. This 
increase comprised organic growth of $134 million, or 3.8 percent, and growth through acquisitions and disposals of $28 
million, or 0.8 percent, partially offset by negative foreign currency movements of $30 million or 0.9 percent. 

The foreign currency impact was as a result of the strengthening of the US dollar against a number of currencies that our 
commissions and fees are earned in, most significantly the Euro, Australian dollar and Brazilian real, partially offset by the 
year-on-year weakening of the US dollar against the Pound Sterling. 

The Willis GB segment reported 0.5 percent decline in commissions and fees, as negative 1.5 percent organic growth and 0.4
adverse impact from acquisitions and disposals, primarily due to a disposal in second quarter 2013, was partially offset by a 1.4
percent favorable impact from foreign exchange.

Willis CWR reported 4.6 percent growth in commissions and fees, which includes organic growth of 4.3 percent, 0.2 percent
positive impact from acquisitions and 0.1 percent favorable movement from foreign currency movements.

Willis North America segment reported 1.1 percent growth in commissions and fees compared to 2013 including organic
growth of 2.7 percent which was partially offset by 1.6 percent negative impact from the disposal of non-strategic low growth
offices. Foreign currency movements had no impact on commissions and fees.

Willis International segment reported 9.5 percent growth in commissions and fees compared with 2013, comprising 8.8 percent
organic growth and 5.6 percent positive impact from the acquisitions of Max Matthiessen and Charles Monat during 2014. This
was partially offset by a 4.9 percent negative impact from foreign currency movements.

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Organic commissions and fees growth by segment is discussed further in ‘Review of Segmental Results’, below.

Other income reported an increase of $12 million compared to 2013. This increase was primarily due to a $12 million
settlement related to a specialty book of business within the Willis CWR segment.

Salaries and Benefits

Salaries and benefits were $107 million, or 4.8 percent, higher in 2014 compared with 2013 and include a net $20 million 
increase from acquisitions and disposals and $3 million of adverse foreign currency movements, offset by a $29 million benefit 
from the non-recurrence of 2013 expense reduction initiative costs. The remaining increase of $113 million was driven by 
increased headcount, pay reviews, and higher incentives. 

Other Expenses

Other operating expenses were $23 million, or 3.6 percent, higher in 2014 compared with 2013. This growth included a net $9 
million increase from acquisitions and disposals and $2 million of adverse foreign currency movements, offset by a $12 million 
benefit from the non-recurrence of 2013 expense reduction initiative costs and marketing costs. The remaining increase of $25 
million was primarily due to higher travel, accommodation and entertainment expenses, along with increased systems costs.

Depreciation expense was $92 million in 2014, compared with $94 million in 2013. The decrease of $2 million included $5 
million benefit from non-recurrence of 2013 expense reduction initiative costs offset by $1 million of adverse foreign currency 
movements.

Amortization of intangible assets was $54 million in 2014, a reduction of $1 million compared to 2013. The decrease 
primarily reflects the ongoing reduction in the HRH acquisition amortization partially offset by the increased charge relating to 
the acquisition of Charles Monat and Max Matthiessen. 

Restructuring costs related to our operational improvement program were $36 million in 2014, compared with $nil in 2013. 
This is discussed in further detail in the ‘Operational improvement program’ section in the executive summary section above. 

Income Taxes 

The tax rate for 2014 was 31 percent, compared with 24 percent for 2013. Both years were impacted by certain items and the 
continuing requirement to retain a valuation allowance against our US deferred tax assets. The increase in tax rate over the prior 
year is partly attributable to the US returning to a tax paying position for the 2014 tax year.

After adjusting for certain items, as listed below, the tax rate for 2014 was 25 percent: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a tax benefit of $1 million associated with the $14 million pre-tax expense arising in relation to the Venezuela currency 
devaluation;

a tax benefit of $9 million associated with charges incurred in relation to the Operational Improvement Program; 

a tax expense of $10 million associated with pre-tax gains of $12 million related to business disposals;

an expense of $21 million relating to an increase in US valuation allowance. The increase is attributable to a change in 
the US deferred tax position following resolution of uncertain tax positions from prior periods.

Interest in Earnings of Associates, net of Tax

The majority of our interest in earnings of associates relates to our share of ownership of Gras Savoye, the leading broker in 
France. Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax, in 2014 was $14 million compared to $nil in 2013. The increase was 
primarily due to the non-recurrence of charges relating to the 2013 reorganization program and other non-recurring items, with 
improved underlying financial performance, in Gras Savoye.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The Merger with Towers Watson did not have any impact on Legacy Willis’ liquidity (ability to generate adequate amounts of 
cash to meet needs for cash), due to the share-for-share nature of the Merger, except for: the acceleration of the dividend paid in 
December 2015, which would otherwise have been paid in January 2016; and the $400 million tranche drawn on January 4, 
2016 under the Legacy Willis 1-year term loan facility, which was used to re-finance debt held by Legacy Towers Watson 
which became due on acquisition.

Legacy Willis funded the cash consideration for the acquisition of Gras Savoye with a 1-year term loan. 

Legacy Willis’ principal sources of liquidity are funds generated by operating activities, available cash and cash equivalents and 
amounts available under revolving credit facilities. Legacy Towers Watson’s principal sources of liquidity are funds generated 
by operating activities, available cash and cash equivalents, and amounts available under a revolving credit facility. 

Based on our combined balance sheets, combined cash flows, current market conditions and information available to us at this 
time, including a potential refinancing of our debt financing in 2016, we believe that Willis Towers Watson has sufficient 
liquidity, which includes our undrawn revolving credit facilities, to  meet our cash needs for the next twelve months, including 
investing in the business for growth, creating value through the integration of Willis, Towers Watson and Gras Savoye, making 
scheduled debt repayments, and making contemplated dividend payments. 

Consistent with our liquidity position, management considers various alternative strategic uses of cash reserves. As part of the 
integration of Willis, Towers Watson and Gras Savoye, the Company is considering restructuring its debt financing in 2016, 
dependent on market and other conditions at the time. The Company will also consider buying back shares in the open market 
or through privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions. 

Legacy Willis

Legacy Willis’ principal sources of liquidity are cash from operations, available cash and cash equivalents and amounts 
available under our revolving credit facilities, excluding the UK facility which is solely for use by our main regulated UK entity 
in certain exceptional circumstances, and the Willis Securities facility, which is solely used for regulatory capital and securities 
underwriting purposes only. 

Legacy Willis’ principal short-term uses of liquidity and capital resources are operating expenses, capital expenditures, 
dividends, funding defined benefit pension plans, and servicing of debt, including redemption of senior notes and repayment of 
borrowings under our 1-year term loan facility.

Legacy Willis’ long-term liquidity requirements, as of December 31, 2015, consisted of the repayment of the principal amount 
of outstanding notes; borrowings under our term loan facility expiring in 2018 and under our $800 million revolving credit 
facility; and funding defined benefit pension plans as discussed below.

As at December 31, 2015 cash and cash equivalents were $532 million, a decrease of $103 million compared to December 31, 
2014. 

Included within cash and cash equivalents as at December 31, 2015 is a proportion held for regulatory capital adequacy 
requirements, including $82 million held within our regulated UK entities for regulatory capital adequacy requirements. 

Cash flows from operating activities fell to $243 million in 2015 from $477 million in 2014. In addition, $13 million was 
provided from the disposal of fixed and intangible assets (2014: $6 million), $124 million proceeds from the issue of shares 
(2014: $134 million), and $44 million proceeds from the disposal of operations (2014: $86 million). 

As at December 31, 2015 there was $467 million drawn down on our revolving credit facilities (2014: $nil). During the year 
ended December 31, 2015, we made 17 drawings totaling $1,120 million and 14 repayments totaling $651 million on the $800 
million Trinity Acquisition facility and 2 drawings totaling $704 million and 3 repayments totaling $704 million on the $400 
million Willis Securities facility. In the fourth quarter of 2015, Legacy Willis took out a $592 million 1-year term loan to fund 
the acquisition of Gras Savoye.

The primary uses of funds during 2015 included: $857 million payments of consideration for acquisitions (of operations and 
intangible assets), primarily Gras Savoye and Miller; $439 million cash payments of incentive awards, primarily relating to 

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2014; $277 million dividend payments; $166 million repayments of debt; $146 million capital expenditure related to leasehold 
improvements and furniture and equipment, including in relation to information technology projects; and $118 million cash 
contributions, including employees’ salary sacrifice contributions, to our defined benefit pension schemes.

Legacy Willis suspended its previously authorized share buyback program on June 30, 2015, pending the completion of the 
Merger with Towers Watson. During 2015, Legacy Willis bought back approximately 1,710,000 shares for a total cost of $82 
million, of its intended $175 million 2015 buyback program, to offset the increase in shares outstanding resulting from the 
exercise of employee stock options.

The impact of movements in liquidity, debt and EBITDA in 2015 had a positive impact on the interest coverage ratio and a 
negative impact on the leverage ratio. On December 29, 2015, we exercised our right to request that the leverage ratio be 
automatically increased as a result of acquisitions, including the acquisition of Gras Savoye. Both these Legacy Willis ratios 
remain within the requirements of the relevant debt covenants.

Debt

Legacy Willis total debt, total equity and the capitalization ratio at December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows (in millions, 
except percentages):

Long-term debt
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt
Total debt
Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity
Capitalization ratio

December 31,
2015

December 31, 
2014 (i)

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

2,278
988
3,266
2,229
59.4%

2,130
167
2,297
1,985
53.6%

_________________________________
(i)  As described in Note 2, following retrospective application of ASU 2015-03, ‘Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs’, debt issuance costs 
related to a note are now reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the face amount of that note. 2014 balances have been reclassified accordingly.

At December 31, 2015 the only mandatory Legacy Willis debt repayments of principal falling due over the next 12 months are 
$300 million outstanding on our 4.125% senior notes, $592 million outstanding on the 1-year term loan taken out in the fourth 
quarter of 2015 to fund the acquisition of Gras Savoye, $23 million outstanding under the term loan expiring in 2018, and $79 
million outstanding under a bank overdraft arrangement (repaid on January 11, 2016).

As part of the integration of Willis, Towers Watson and Gras Savoye, the Company is considering restructuring its debt 
financing in the near term to both extend maturities and refinance certain items as they fall due during 2016. We anticipate this 
restructuring will include raising market finance of $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion. Any such restructuring is dependent on market 
and other conditions at the time. 

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Cash flow

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Summary Legacy Willis consolidated cash flow information (in millions):

Cash provided by operating activities

Total net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities

Total net cash used in continuing investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Total net cash provided by (used in) continuing financing activities

(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

Year Ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

$

243

$

477

$

561

(943)

641
(59)
(44)
635
532

$

(276)

(323)
(122)
(39)
796
635

$

(120)

(137)
304
(8)
500
796

$

This summary consolidated cash flow should be viewed in addition to, not in lieu of, the Company’s consolidated financial 
statements.

Consolidated Legacy Willis Cash Flow for 2015 compared to 2014 

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities in 2015 decreased by $234 million to $243 million compared with 2014.

The $243 million cash from operations comprises net income of $384 million, adjusted for $38 million of non-cash adjustments 
to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities net of $179 million of negative working capital movements. 

The non-cash adjustments included a net gain on disposals, depreciation, amortization of intangible assets, net defined benefit 
pension costs, share-based compensation, provisions for deferred income taxes and the effect of exchange rate changes.

The $179 million negative movement in working capital included $439 million of incentive payments and $118 million cash 
contributions (including $9 million for employees’ salary sacrifice and $21 million contingent contributions) to our defined 
benefit pension schemes. Additionally, there was a $155 million increase in accounts receivable, as revenue recognized in 2015 
was greater than cash collection, and $495 million positive movement in other liabilities which includes incentives accrued 
during 2015 that will be paid in 2016.

The $234 million decrease in cash provided by operating activities in 2015 compared to 2014 was largely due to the following: 
higher cash outflow for restructuring costs and M&A transaction-related transaction costs; higher cash outflow for incentives; 
increase in accounts receivable from growth in the business; and the timing of cash collections.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities in 2015 was $943 million. This included cash used to purchase subsidiaries and intangible 
assets of $857 million and capital expenditure of $146 million, partly offset by $44 million of proceeds from the disposal of 
operations and $13 million cash received from the sale of fixed and intangible assets.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities in 2015 was $641 million, primarily due to $469 million drawings on our $800 
million revolving credit facility, a new $592 million term loan drawn down in the fourth quarter of 2015 to fund the acquisition 
of Gras Savoye and $124 million proceeds from the issue of shares, partly offset by dividends paid, including to noncontrolling 
interests, of $293 million, $82 million to repurchase approximately 1,710,000 shares and $166 million of debt repayments.

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Consolidated Legacy Willis Cash Flow for 2014 compared to 2013 

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities in 2014 decreased by $84 million to $477 million compared with 2013.

The $477 million cash from operations comprises net income of $373 million, net $257 million of non-cash adjustments to 
reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities and $153 million of negative working capital movements. 

The non-cash adjustments included depreciation, amortization of intangible assets, share-based compensation and provisions 
for deferred income taxes.

Movements in working capital included $401 million of incentive payments and $122 million cash contributions (including $10 
million for employees’ salary sacrifice) to our defined benefit pension schemes. Additionally, there was a $66 million increase 
in accounts receivable, as revenue recognized in 2014 was greater than cash collection, and $432 million positive movement in 
other liabilities which included incentives accrued during 2014 that will be paid in 2015.

The $84 million decrease in cash provided by operating activities in 2014 compared to 2013 was primarily driven by lower 
reported operating income, the non-recurrence of closed-out derivative contracts in the prior year, increased working capital and 
higher cash taxes paid.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities in 2014 was $276 million. This included capital expenditure of $113 million, cash used to 
purchase subsidiaries, intangible assets and other investments of $255 million partly offset by $6 million cash received from the 
sale of fixed and intangible assets and $86 million of proceeds from the disposal of operations.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities in 2014 was $323 million primarily due to dividends paid, including to noncontrolling 
interests, of $227 million, $213 million to repurchase approximately five million shares and $15 million of mandatory 
repayments against the term loan offset by cash receipts of $134 million from the issue of shares. 

Own funds

As of December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis had cash and cash equivalents of $532 million, compared with $635 million at 
December 31, 2014. Additionally, $755 million was available to draw under Legacy Willis revolving credit facilities at 
December 31, 2015, compared with $1,222 million at December 31, 2014, and $400 million was available to draw under 
Legacy Willis’ 1-year term loan facility at December 31, 2015. The $400 million available under the the 1-year term loan 
facility was subsequently drawn, on January 4, 2016, in connection with the Merger.

Fiduciary funds

As an intermediary, Legacy Willis holds funds generally in a fiduciary capacity for the account of third parties, typically as the 
result of premiums received from clients that are in transit to insurers and claims due to clients that are in transit from insurers. 
We report premiums, which are held on account of, or due from, clients as assets with a corresponding liability due to the 
insurers. Claims held by, or due to, us which are due to clients are also shown as both assets and liabilities. 

Fiduciary funds are generally required to be kept in certain regulated bank accounts subject to guidelines which emphasize 
capital preservation and liquidity; such funds are not available to service the Company’s debt or for other corporate purposes. 
Notwithstanding the legal relationships with clients and insurers, the Company is entitled to retain investment income earned on 
fiduciary funds in accordance with industry custom and practice and, in some cases, as supported by agreements with insureds.

As of December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis had fiduciary funds of $2.3 billion, compared with $1.9 billion at December 31, 2014.

Share buybacks

Legacy Willis suspended its previously authorized share buyback program on June 30, 2015, pending the completion of the 
Merger. During 2015, the Company bought back approximately 1,710,000 shares for a total cost of $82 million, of its intended 
$175 million 2015 buyback program, to offset the increase in shares outstanding resulting from the exercise of employee stock 
options. 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The Company will also consider buying back shares in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, depending 
on market conditions. The maximum number of shares that may be purchased under the existing share buyback program based 
on the Company’s closing stock price on December 31, 2015 of $128.66 was 4,111,475.  

Dividends

Cash dividends paid by Legacy Willis in 2015 were $277 million compared with $210 million in 2014 and $193 million in 
2013. In February 2016, Willis Towers Watson declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.48 per share, an annual rate of $1.92 
per share.  

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REVIEW OF SEGMENTAL RESULTS

We are integrating the Legacy Companies of Willis and Towers Watson and creating a unified platform for global growth, 
including positioning the Company to leverage our mutual distribution strength to enhance market penetration, expand our 
global footprint and create a strong platform for further innovation. The fully integrated Company will have a more 
comprehensive offering of services and solutions to provide to clients across four business segments: Corporate Risk and 
Broking; Exchange Solutions; Human Capital and Benefits; and Investment, Risk and Reinsurance.

Until we are integrated, we will continue to manage our business through the Legacy Company platforms. Legacy Willis had 
four reportable operating segments: Willis GB; Willis Capital, Wholesale & Reinsurance; Willis North America; and Willis 
International. Legacy Towers Watson had four reportable operating segments: Benefits; Exchange Solutions; Risk and Financial 
Services; and Talent and Rewards. From April 1, 2016, we expect to manage our business across four integrated reportable 
operating segments: Corporate Risk and Broking; Exchange Solutions; Human Capital and Benefits; and Investment, Risk and 
Reinsurance.

Due to the closing date of the Merger on January 4, 2016, after the end of the fiscal year, Legacy Towers Watson results of 
operations and financial position are not presented in this Form 10-K. Please see Note 31 — Subsequent Events for additional 
information.

The following table is a summary of our operating results by segment for the three years ended December 31, 2015 (in millions 
except percentages):

Willis GB
Willis Capital, Wholesale &
Reinsurance

Willis North America

Willis International

Total Segments

Corporate & Other

Total Consolidated

2015

Operating
Income
(Loss)

Revenues

Operating
Margin

Revenues

2014

Operating
Income 
(Loss)

2013

Operating
Margin

Revenues

Operating
Income
(Loss)

Operating
Margin

$

641

$

143

22.3% $

669

$

148

22.1% $

666

$

180

27.0%

815

1,305

1,068

3,829

—

158

187

165

653

(226)

19.4%

14.3%

15.4%

17.1%

n/a

766

1,323

1,044

3,802

—

224

232

195

799

(152)

29.2%

17.5%

18.7%

21.0%

n/a

721

1,313

955

3,655

—

221

205

181

787

(124)

30.7%

15.6%

19.0%

21.5%

n/a

$ 3,829

$

427

11.2% $ 3,802

$

647

17.0% $ 3,655

$

663

18.1%

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Willis GB

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Willis GB, our Great Britain-based specialty and retail business, comprised the following business units: Property & Casualty; 
Financial Lines; Transport; and Retail Networks.

The following table sets out the components of Willis GB’s revenues, and its organic commissions and fees growth, operating 
income and margin for the three years ended December 31, 2015 (in millions, except percentages):

Commissions and fees
Investment income
Other income (a)
Total revenues
Operating income
Revenue growth
Organic commissions and fees growth (b)
Operating margin (c)
_________________
(a) 

2015

2014

2013

$

$
$

$

$
$

637
4
—
641
143
(4.2)%
1.8 %
22.3 %

$

$
$

662
4
3
669
148
(0.5)%
(1.5)%
22.1 %

665
1
—
666
180
5.9%
3.0%
27.0%

Other income comprises gains on disposal of intangible assets, which primarily arise from settlements through enforcing non-compete agreements in the 
event of losing accounts through producer defection or the disposal of books of business.

(b) 

(c) 

Organic commissions and fees growth excludes: (i) the impact of foreign currency translation; (ii) the first twelve months of net commission and fee 
revenues generated from acquisitions; and (iii) the net commission and fee revenues related to operations disposed of in each period presented.

Percentages may differ due to rounding.

2015 compared to 2014 

Revenues

Commissions and fees of $637 million were $25 million, or 3.8 percent, lower in 2015 compared with 2014. 

Organic commissions and fees growth, which excludes an adverse 5.4 percent impact from foreign currency movements and a 
net 0.2 percent decline due to acquisitions and disposals, was 1.8 percent compared with 2014.

The 1.8 percent organic growth in commissions and fees was primarily due to growth in Financial Lines, Property & Casualty 
and Aerospace. 

The 0.2 percent decline from acquisitions and disposals was related to the disposal of our niche classic car business and
Preston and Dundee retail operations, partially offset by the acquisition of PMI and certain Miller businesses. 

The turnaround efforts in this segment are starting to come to fruition as management continues to re-engineer the cost base 
while reinvesting in growth. 

The adverse foreign currency movements were primarily due to the weakening of the Euro and Pound sterling against the US 
dollar.

Expenses

Total operating expenses of $498 million were $23 million, or 4.4 percent, lower for 2015 compared with 2014. 

Underlying total expenses, which exclude $29 million of favorable foreign currency movements, partially offset by a $17 
million increase in restructuring costs related to the Operational Improvement Program and a $2 million increase in M&A 
transaction-related costs, decreased $13 million, or 2.7 percent, compared with 2014.

The $13 million, or 2.7 percent, decrease in underlying total expenses was primarily due to lower salaries and benefits, as a 
result of efficiency savings from the Operational Improvement Program, and lower other operating expenses as a consequence 
of cost management initiatives.

Organic expenses, which exclude the impact from foreign currency movements, acquisitions and disposals, restructuring costs 
and M&A transaction-related costs, decreased by $14 million, or 2.9 percent, compared with 2014, again driven by lower 
salaries and benefits as a result of efficiency savings from the Operational Improvement Program, and lower other operating 
expenses as a result of cost management initiatives. 

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The favorable foreign currency movements were primarily due to the weakening of the Euro and Pound sterling against the US 
dollar.

See the ‘Operational Improvement Program’ section above for further details of the restructuring costs.

Operating margin

Operating margin was 22.3 percent in 2015, up 20 basis points from 22.1 percent in 2014, reflecting the underlying 
improvement from organic revenue growth and expense reduction, partially offset primarily by net adverse foreign exchange 
movements and the restructuring costs of the Operational Improvement Program. 

2014 compared to 2013 

Revenues

Commissions and fees of $662 million were $3 million, or 0.5 percent, lower in 2014 compared with 2013. The decrease 
includes negative organic growth of 1.5 percent and a 0.4 percent adverse impact from acquisitions and disposals partially 
offset by 1.4 percent positive impact from foreign currency movements.

The 1.5 percent negative organic growth in commissions and fees was driven by the negative impact of rates and the non-
recurrence of significant construction projects in 2014. The low single-digit decline was primarily due to poor performance in 
the Insolvency and Willis Commercial Network businesses of Retail Networks and Property & Casualty partially offset by mid-
single digit growth in Financial Lines.

The 0.4 percent decline from acquisitions and disposals was related to the disposal of a small commercial business from the UK 
Retail division during 2013 partially offset by the acquisition of Prime Professions in second quarter 2013.

Other income of $3 million included a legal settlement related to the departure of an Aerospace producer.

Expenses

Total operating expenses of $521 million were $36 million, or 7.4 percent, higher for 2014 compared with 2013. 

The $36 million growth in expenses was due to adverse foreign currency movements and higher salaries and benefits as a result 
of the increase in headcount relative to the prior year and annual salary reviews. This increase was offset by the decline in Other 
operating expenses primarily due to lower allocation of corporate costs and an E&O provision release partially offset by higher 
systems and premises costs.

In addition, the year-on-year growth included $10 million restructuring costs relating the Operational Improvement Program.

Operating margin

Full year operating margin was 22.1 percent in 2014 and 27.0 percent in 2013. The decline was driven by expense growth of 7.4 
percent, which includes significant investment in specialist and client advocacy capability, exceeding the 0.5 percent total 
revenue growth. 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Willis Capital, Wholesale & Reinsurance

Willis CWR operations comprised Willis Re, Willis Capital Markets & Advisory, our Wholesale business; and Portfolio and 
Underwriting Services. 

The following table sets out the components of Willis CWR’s revenues, and its organic commissions and fees growth, operating 
income and margin for the three years ended December 31, 2015 (in millions, except percentages):

Commissions and fees
Investment income
Other income (a)
Total revenues
Operating income
Revenue growth
Organic commissions and fees growth (b)
Operating margin (c)
_________________
(a) 

$

$
$

2015

2014

2013

$

$
$

811
3
1
815
158
6.4%
1.0%
19.4%

$

$
$

749
5
12
766
224
6.2%
4.3%
29.2%

716
5
—
721
221
3.3%
6.5%
30.7%

Other income comprises gains on disposal of intangible assets, which primarily arise from settlements through enforcing non-compete agreements in the 
event of losing accounts through producer defection or the disposal of books of business.

(b) 

(c) 

Organic commissions and fees growth excludes: (i) the impact of foreign currency translation; (ii) the first twelve months of net commission and fee 
revenues generated from acquisitions; and (iii) the net commission and fee revenues related to operations disposed of in each period presented.

Percentages may differ due to rounding.

2015 compared to 2014 

Revenues

Commissions and fees of $811 million were $62 million, or 8.3 percent, higher in 2015 compared with 2014. 

Organic commissions and fees growth, which excludes a net 11.5 percent favorable impact from acquisitions and disposals,  
partially offset by an adverse 4.2 percent impact from foreign currency movements, was 1.0 percent.

The 1.0 percent organic growth in commissions and fees was primarily due to growth in Reinsurance and new business wins in 
Willis Capital Markets & Advisory. 

The 11.5 percent increase from acquisitions and disposals was primarily due to the acquisition of Miller Insurance Services LLP 
in the second quarter of 2015. 

The $11 million decrease in other income was primarily due to a $12 million settlement received in 2014 relating to a specialty 
book of business.

The adverse foreign currency movements were primarily due to the weakening of the Euro and Pound sterling against the US 
dollar.

Expenses

Total operating expenses of $657 million were $115 million, or 21.2 percent, higher for 2015 compared with 2014. 

Organic total expenses, which exclude a $97 million increase due to acquisitions and disposals, an $8 million increase in 
restructuring costs related to the Operational Improvement Program and a $7 million increase in M&A transaction-related costs, 
partially offset by $20 million of favorable foreign currency movements, increased $23 million, or 4.5 percent, compared with 
2014.

The $23 million, or 4.5 percent, increase in organic total expenses was due to a higher salaries and benefits expense due to 
annual pay increases and higher charges for incentives, and higher business development costs. 

See the ‘Operational Improvement Program’ section above for further details of the restructuring costs.

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Operating margin

Operating margin was 19.4 percent in 2015, down 980 basis points from 29.2 percent in 2014. The decline was due to: the 
impact of acquisitions and disposals, including the effects of acquiring Miller part way through the year (388 basis points); 
business unit performance, mainly related to organic wholesale business, and increases in staff compensation (233 basis points);  
decrease arising from one-off investments as part of the Operational Improvement Program and from M&A transaction-related 
costs (228 basis points); and net adverse foreign currency movements during the year (131 basis points).

2014 compared to 2013 

Revenues

Commissions and fees of $749 million were $33 million, or 4.6 percent, higher in 2014 compared with 2013. The increase 
includes organic growth of 4.3 percent, a positive 0.1 percent impact from foreign currency movements and a 0.2 percent 
increase due to acquisitions and disposals.

The 4.3 percent organic growth in commissions and fees was driven by strong new business growth and higher client retention 
levels compared with the year ago period.

Reinsurance reported mid single-digit organic commissions and fees growth, with its North America business again leading the 
way with high single-digit growth. New business was strong across all three divisions and we reported increased client retention 
levels compared to the prior year. Growth however was tempered by the negative impact of premium rate movements. 

Willis Capital Markets & Advisory performed solidly in the year and reported significant growth on last year as a result of 
significant new business wins. 

Other income of $12 million related to a settlement for a specialty book of business.

Expenses

Total operating expenses of $542 million were $42 million, or 8.4 percent, higher for 2014 compared with 2013. 

The $42 million growth in expenses was due to adverse foreign currency movements and higher salaries and benefits as a result 
of the increase in headcount relative to the prior year, annual salary reviews and higher incentives which were linked to 
commissions and fees performance, and a legal claim settlement. 

In addition, the year-on-year growth included $1 million restructuring costs relating to the Operational Improvement Program.

Operating margin

Full year operating margin was 29.2 percent in 2014 and 30.7 percent in 2013. The decline was driven by expense growth of 8.4 
percent exceeding the 6.2 percent total revenue growth. 

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Willis North America

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Our North America business provided risk management, insurance brokerage, related risk services and employee benefits 
brokerage and consulting to a wide array of industry and client segments in the United States and Canada. 

The following table sets out revenues, operating income, organic commissions and fees growth and operating margin for the 
three years ended December 31, 2015 (in millions, except percentages):

Commissions and fees (a)
Investment income
Other income (b)
Total revenues
Operating income
Revenue growth
Organic commissions and fees growth (c) 
Operating margin (d)
_________________

2015

2014

2013

$

$
$

$

$
$

1,298
1
6
1,305
187
(1.4)%
2.4 %
14.3 %

$

$
$

1,318
1
4
1,323
232
0.8%
2.7%
17.5%

1,304
2
7
1,313
205
5.0%
4.7%
15.6%

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

Commissions and fees in 2013 included a positive $5 million adjustment to align the recognition of revenue in the North America Personal Lines business 
with the rest of the Group.

Other income comprises gains on disposal of intangible assets, which primarily arise from settlements through enforcing non-compete agreements in the 
event of losing accounts through producer defection or the disposal of books of business.

Organic commissions and fees growth excludes: (i) the impact of foreign currency translation; (ii) the first twelve months of net commission and fee 
revenues generated from acquisitions; and (iii) the net commission and fee revenues related to operations disposed of in each period presented. 

Percentages may differ due to rounding.

2015 compared to 2014 

Revenues

Commissions and fees of $1,298 million were $20 million, or 1.5 percent, lower in 2015 compared with 2014. 

Organic commissions and fees growth, which excludes a 3.5 percent adverse net impact from acquisitions and disposals and a 
0.4 percent adverse impact from foreign currency movements, was 2.4 percent. 

The 2.4 percent organic growth in commissions and fees included growth in the Construction business. 

The 3.5 percent adverse impact from acquisitions and disposals was primarily due to the disposal of non-strategic low growth 
offices.

Expenses

Total operating expenses of $1,118 million were $27 million, or 2.5 percent, higher for 2015 compared with 2014.

Underlying total expenses, which exclude a $28 million increase in restructuring costs related to the Operational Improvement 
Program, partially offset by $5 million of favorable foreign currency movements, increased $4 million, or 0.4 percent, 
compared with 2014.

See the ‘Operational Improvement Program’ section above for further details of the restructuring costs.

Operating margin

Operating margin was 14.3 percent in 2015, down 320 basis points from 17.5 percent in 2014. Divestiture and restructuring 
costs were large contributors to the decline.

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2014 compared to 2013 

Revenues

Commissions and fees of $1,318 million were $14 million, or 1.1 percent, higher in 2014 compared with 2013. 

This increase was primarily due to organic growth of 2.7 percent partially offset by a 1.6 percent negative impact from 
acquisitions and disposals. 

The acquisitions and disposals impact was primarily due to the disposal of non-strategic low growth offices in the second and 
fourth quarters of 2014 partially offset by the acquisition of the employee benefits consulting division of Capital Strategies in 
fourth quarter 2013.

The 2.7 percent organic growth in commissions and fees was driven by strong new business growth compared with the year ago 
period, partially offset by lost business and the non-recurrence of a positive $5 million adjustment in 2013 to align the 
recognition of revenue in the North America Personal Lines business with the rest of the Group. Rates had a small negative 
impact on the full year’s commissions and fees.

Growth was achieved across most of our North America regions, led by the South, Atlantic and Northeast regions as a result of 
new business growth. 

Similarly, most of the major practice groups recorded positive growth. Our two largest practices, Human Capital and 
Construction, recorded mid single and low single-digit growth respectively. In our other practices we recorded double-digit 
growth in Mergers & Acquisitions, Financial & Executive Risks and Service Industry. 

Expenses

Total operating expenses of $1,091 million were $17 million or 1.5 percent, lower for 2014 compared to 2013.

The $17 million reduction in expenses was due to lower incentives as a result of one-off adjustments, the reduction to the 
amortization of intangible assets and the disposal of certain non-strategic low growth locations partially offset by higher 
salaries, due to annual salary reviews, and higher business development expenses.

In addition, full year 2014 operating expenses included $3 million restructuring costs relating to the Operational Improvement 
Program.

Operating margin

Operating margin in North America was 17.5 percent in 2014 compared with 15.6 percent in 2013 driven by solid commissions 
and fees growth and expense reduction discussed above.

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Willis International

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Our International business comprised our retail operations in Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Australasia, 
the Middle East, South Africa and Latin America. The services provided are focused according to the characteristics of each 
market and vary across offices, but generally include direct risk management and insurance brokerage and employee benefits 
consulting.

The following table sets out revenues, operating income, organic commissions and fees growth and operating margin for the 
three years ended December 31, 2015 (in millions, except percentages):

Commissions and fees (a)
Investment income
Other income (a)
Total revenues
Operating income
Revenue growth
Organic commissions and fees growth (b)
Operating margin (c)
________________

2015

2014

2013

$

$

$

$

1,063
4
1
1,068
165
2.3%
7.6%
15.4%

$

$

1,038
6
—
1,044
195
9.3%
8.8%
18.7%

948
7
—
955
181
5.9%
5.4%
19.0%

(a) 

(b) 

Commissions and fees in 2013 included a negative $15 million adjustment to align the recognition of revenue in China with the rest of the Group.

Organic commissions and fees growth excludes: (i) the impact of foreign currency translation; (ii) the first twelve months of net commission and fee 
revenues generated from acquisitions; and (iii) the net commission and fee revenues related to operations disposed of in each period presented.

(c)

   Percentages may differ due to rounding.

2015 compared to 2014 

Revenues

Commissions and fees of $1,063 million were $25 million, or 2.4 percent, higher in 2015 compared with 2014. 

Organic commissions and fees growth, which excludes a 13.5 percent net favorable impact from acquisitions and disposals, 
partially offset by an 18.7 percent adverse impact from foreign currency movements, was 7.6 percent.

The 7.6 percent organic growth in commissions and fees included strong double-digit growth in Latin America, mid-single digit 
growth in Western Europe and strong single-digit growth in Asia.

The 13.5 percent favorable impact from acquisitions and disposals was primarily due to the acquisition of Max Matthiessen in 
the fourth quarter of 2014. 

The 18.7 percent adverse impact from foreign currency movements was due to the weakening of a number of currencies versus 
the US dollar.

Expenses

Total expenses of $903 million were $54 million, or 6.4 percent, higher for 2015 compared with 2014. 

Organic total expenses, which exclude a $105 million increase due to acquisitions and disposals, a $21 million increase in 
restructuring costs related to the Operational Improvement Program and a $10 million increase in M&A transaction-related 
costs, primarily due to the acquisition of Gras Savoye, partially offset by $127 million of favorable foreign currency 
movements, increased $45 million, or 6.3 percent, compared with 2014.

The $45 million, or 6.3 percent, increase in organic total expenses was due to investments in growth businesses and increased 
salaries and benefits from annual pay reviews, including mandatory pay rises in many Latin American countries.

The favorable foreign currency movements were primarily due to the weakening of multiple currencies against the US dollar.

See the ‘Operational Improvement Program’ section above for further details of the restructuring costs.

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Operating margin

Operating margin was 15.4 percent in 2015, down 330 basis points from 18.7 percent in 2014. Excluding the impact of foreign 
exchange movements, and restructuring expenses incurred under the Operational Improvement Program, the International 
division achieved strong operating income growth and margin improvement.

2014 compared to 2013 

Revenues

Commissions and fees of $1,038 million were $90 million, or 9.5 percent, higher in 2014 compared with 2013. 

Organic commissions and fees growth was 8.8 percent and there was a 5.6 percent positive impact from the acquisition of 
Charles Monat in second quarter 2014, and Max Matthiessen in fourth quarter 2014. This was partially offset by a 4.9 percent 
negative impact from foreign currency movements which was driven by the weakening of a basket of currencies versus the US 
dollar.

Organic growth included double-digit new business growth and a positive impact from rates, partly offset by lost business. 
Growth was positively impacted by the non-recurrence of an adjustment recorded in 2013 to align the recognition of revenue in 
China with the rest of the Group.

Western Europe reported mid single-digit growth driven by Iberia, Germany, Denmark and Ireland. 

Latin America reported double-digit growth arising primarily from Brazil and Venezuela which was partially offset by decline 
in Colombia.

Double digit growth in Asia was primarily due to the non-recurrence of an adjustment recorded in 2013 to align the recognition 
of revenue in China with the rest of the Group. 

Eastern Europe reported low double digit growth arising primarily from Russia and Poland.

Expenses

Total expenses of $849 million were $75 million, or 9.7 percent, higher for 2014 compared with 2013. Foreign currency 
movements favorably impacted expenses by $28 million or 4.1 percent; excluding the impact of foreign currency movements 
total expenses increased $103 million or 13.8 percent. 

The $103 million increase in total expenses included $44 million year-over-year net increase from acquisitions, increased 
growth in Salaries and benefits due to higher headcount numbers relative to the prior year, and pay reviews which included the 
mandated pay reviews in Latin America. The segment also reported an increase in travel, accommodation and entertaining, 
professional fees and irrecoverable VAT. This was partially offset by the $3 million gain on disposal of fixed assets and an E&O 
provision release. 

The amortization of intangible assets increased following the acquisition of Charles Monat and Max Matthiessen. 

In addition, the year-on-year growth included $5 million restructuring costs relating the Operational Improvement Program.

Operating margin

Operating margin in International was 18.7 percent in 2014, compared with 19.0 percent in 2013. The decrease was driven by 
the increase in expenses discussed above partially offset by solid commissions and fees growth.

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Corporate and Other

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The Company evaluates the performance of its segments based on organic commissions and fees growth and operating income. 
For internal reporting and segmental reporting, items for which segmental management are not held responsible for are held 
within ‘Corporate and Other’.

Corporate and Other comprises the following (in millions):

Costs of the holding company
Merger and acquisition transaction-related costs
Costs related to Group functions, leadership and projects
Non-servicing elements of defined benefit pensions
Restructuring costs relating to the Operational Improvement Program (a)
Litigation provision
Expense Reduction Initiative
Other
Total Corporate and Other

$

$

2015

2014

2013

(8) $
(58)
(167)
110
(33)
(70)
—
—
(226) $

(13) $
—
(171)
53
(17)
—
—
(4)
(152) $

(10)
—
(102)
42
—
—
(46)
(8)
(124)

________________
(a) 

See ‘Operational Improvement Program’ section above.

2015 compared to 2014 

Expenses

Corporate and Other expenses of $226 million were $74 million higher in 2015 compared with 2014.

The $74 million growth included a $70 million increase in litigation provision, for loss contingencies relating to the Stanford 
litigation, and a $58 million increase in M&A transaction-related costs, primarily due to the merger with Towers Watson, 
partially offset by a $57 million increase in the gain from non-servicing elements of defined benefit pensions, including the 
effect of the UK defined benefit pension plan salary freeze.

2014 compared to 2013 

Expenses

Corporate and Other expenses of $152 million were $28 million higher in 2014 compared with 2013.

The $28 million growth included a $69 million increase due to higher costs of group functions including projects, leadership 
and increased professional fees and the adverse impact of changes to the methodology used to allocate Corporate function costs 
to Willis GB, Willis CWR, Willis North America and Willis International. In addition to this, Corporate recognized $17 million 
of restructuring costs related to the Operational Improvement Program. 

These increases were partially offset by the non-recurrence of 2013 Expense Reduction Initiative costs of $46 million, $1 
million of fees related to the extinguishment of debt and $4 million of favorable foreign exchange movements. 

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Our Legacy Willis accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Management considers 
that the following accounting estimates or assumptions are the most important to the presentation of our financial condition or 
operating performance:

• 

• 

• 

• 

pension expense (discount rates, expected asset returns and mortality);

intangible assets and goodwill impairment (determination of reporting units, fair value of reporting units and annual 
goodwill impairment analysis);

income taxes; and

commitments, contingencies and accrued liabilities.

Management has discussed its critical accounting estimates and associated disclosures with our Audit Committee.

Legacy Willis pension expense

We maintain defined benefit pension plans for employees in the US and UK. Both of these plans are now closed to new entrants 
and, with effect from May 15, 2009 we closed our US defined benefit plan to future accrual. New employees in the UK are 
offered the opportunity to join a defined contribution plan and in the US are offered the opportunity to join a 401(k) plan. On 
June 30, 2015, we implemented a salary freeze for our UK defined benefit pension plan.  We also have several smaller defined 
benefit pension plans in certain other countries in which we operate, including a non-qualified plan in the US and an unfunded 
plan in the UK.  These smaller defined benefit plans have combined total assets of $342 million and a combined net liability for 
pension benefits of $60 million as of December 31, 2015. Elsewhere, pension benefits are typically provided through defined 
contribution plans.

We recorded a $75 million and a $6 million net periodic benefit income on our UK and US defined benefit pension schemes 
respectively in 2015, compared with a net periodic benefit income of $13 million on the UK scheme and a net periodic benefit 
income of $8 million on the US scheme in 2014. On our international defined benefit pension plans, US non-qualified plan and 
UK unfunded plan, we recorded a net periodic benefit cost of $3 million in 2015, compared with $4 million in 2014.

Based on December 31, 2015 assumptions, as updated for the ‘spot rate’ approach to determining service cost and interest cost 
with effect from January 1, 2016, we expect the net pension credit in 2016 will remain broadly flat for the UK plan despite the 
benefit from adopting the spot rate approach of approximately $12 million. The net pension credit will increase by $2 million 
for the US plan despite the approximate $6 million benefit from adopting the spot rate approach and the net pension charge will 
remain unchanged at $3 million for the other plans.  

We make a number of assumptions when determining our pension liabilities and pension expense which are reviewed annually 
by senior management and changed where appropriate. The discount rate will be changed annually if underlying rates have 
moved whereas the expected long-term return on assets will be changed less frequently as longer term trends in asset returns 
emerge or long term target asset allocations are revised. Other material assumptions include rates of participant mortality, the 
expected long-term rate of compensation and pension increases and rates of employee termination. Our approach to 
determining appropriate assumptions for our UK and US pension plans is set out below.

Legacy Willis UK plan

As disclosed
using
December 31,
2015
assumptions

Impact of a
0.50 percentage
point increase
in the expected
rate of return
on assets(a)

Impact of a
0.50 percentage
point increase
in the discount
rate(a)

One year
increase in
mortality
assumption(b)

Estimated 2016 (income) / expense

Projected benefit obligation at December 31, 2015

$

$

(74) $

2,677

(millions)

(17) $
$
n/a

(28) $
(265) $

8

54

_________________
(a)  With all other assumptions held constant.
(b)  Assumes all plan participants are one year younger.

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Discount rate

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

During 2015 we continued to use a duration-based approach, which more closely matches the actual timing of expected cash 
flows to the applicable discount rate. The selected rate used to discount UK plan liabilities in 2015 was 3.80%, an increase of 
20 basis points from the discount rate of 3.60% used at December 31, 2014. During 2015, sterling high-quality corporate bond 
yields rose slightly at almost all durations. Consequently, the rate consistent with the expected maturity of the plan’s liabilities 
has also increased.

Expected and actual asset returns

Expected long-term rates of return on plan assets are developed from the expected future returns of the various asset classes 
using the target asset allocations. As part of the salary freeze negotiations with the Scheme Trustee, we agreed to the Trustee’s 
de-risking strategy which will lead to a strategic target asset allocation with a greater weighting to fixed income assets.  
Consequently, with effect from March 6, 2015, the expected return on assets assumption was reduced by 50 basis points from 
7.00% to 6.50%.  The expected long-term rate of return used for determining the net UK pension expense was equivalent to an 
expected return in 2015 of $222 million (2014: $213 million). 

 There have been no further changes to the strategic target asset allocation therefore, management considers that 6.50% 
continues to be an appropriate long-term rate of return assumption.

The expected and actual returns on UK plan assets for the three years ended December 31, 2015 were as follows:

2015

2014

2013

Mortality

Expected
return on
plan assets

Actual
return
on plan
assets

$

$

$

(millions)

222

213

191

$

$

$

82

520

255

The mortality assumption chosen should reflect the long term life expectancy of pension scheme members and represent the 
best estimate assumptions used as opposed to more prudent assumption used by pension scheme trustees for funding purposes.

At December 31, 2014, the Company updated the mortality assumption based on analysis carried out by the Scheme Actuary 
for the December 31, 2013 funding valuation.  However, to reflect Scheme experience, we adjusted the base tables such that 
there is no change in the overall strength of the assumption.  For 2015, we have continued with the same assumption and, as a 
result, the liabilities are unchanged. 

As an indication of the longevity assumed, our calculations assume that a UK male retiree aged 65 at December 31, 2015 would 
have a life expectancy of 24 years.

Legacy Willis US plan

Estimated 2016 (income) / expense
Projected benefit obligation at December 31, 2015
_________________
(a)  With all other assumptions held constant.
(b)  Assumes all plan participants are one year younger.

As disclosed
using
December 31, 
2015
assumptions

Impact of a
0.50 percentage
point increase
in the expected
rate of return
on assets(a)

Impact of a
0.50 percentage
point increase
in the discount
rate(a)

One year
increase in
mortality
assumption(b)

$
$

(8) $

962

(millions)
(4) $
$
n/a

— $
(55) $

2
25

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Discount rate

The discount rate at December 31, 2015 was 4.19%, an increase of 29 basis points from the discount rate of 3.90% at December 
31, 2014. The increase in the discount rate reflects the modest increase in high-quality corporate bond yields during 2015. 

Expected and actual asset returns

The expected long-term rate of return used for determining the net US pension scheme expense in 2015 was 7.25% (2014: 
7.25%) 

The expected and actual returns on US plan assets for the three years ended December 31, 2015 were as follows:

2015

2014

2013

Mortality

Expected
return on
plan assets

Actual
return
on plan
assets

$

$

$

(millions)

57

54

51

$

$

$

(19)
65

60

At December 31, 2015, the mortality table was changed from the RP-2014 Mortality table projected using MP-2014 
improvement scale on a fully generational basis (which was used at December 31, 2014) to the RP-2014 Mortality table (rolled 
back to 2006 using MP-2014) projected using Towers Watson BB-2D adjusted improvement scale on a fully generational basis. 

The impact of this change decreased the projected benefit obligation by approximately $55 million. 

As an indication of the longevity assumed, our calculations assume that a US male retiree aged 65 at December 31, 2015, 
would have a life expectancy of 20 years.

Legacy Willis goodwill impairment review

We test goodwill for impairment annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred.

Application of the impairment test involves the use of discounted cash flow models and requires significant judgment, 
including: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the identification of reporting units; 

projections of commission and fee and expense growth rates;

discount and terminal growth rates;

assignment of assets, liabilities and goodwill to reporting units; and 

determination of fair value of each reporting unit.

We use comparable market earnings multiple data and our Company’s market capitalization to corroborate our reporting unit 
valuations.

Our annual goodwill impairment analysis is performed each year at October 1. At October 1, 2015 our analysis showed the 
estimated fair value of each reporting unit was significantly in excess of carrying value, and therefore did not result in an 
impairment charge (2014: $nil; 2013: $nil).

Legacy Willis income taxes

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the estimated future tax consequences of events attributable to differences 
between the financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating 
and capital loss and tax credit carry-forwards. We estimate deferred tax assets and liabilities and assess the need for any 
valuation allowances using tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to be recovered or settled taking 
into account our business plans and tax planning strategies.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

At December 31, 2015, we had gross deferred tax assets of $486 million (2014: $426 million) against which a valuation 
allowance of $187 million (2014: $280 million) had been recognized. To the extent that:

• 

• 

• 

the actual amount or character of future taxable income differs from our current projections in the periods;

identified prudent and feasible tax planning strategies fail to materialize;

new tax planning strategies are developed; or

•  material changes occur in actual tax rates or loss carry-forward time limits,

we may adjust the deferred tax asset considered realizable in future periods. Such adjustments could result in a significant 
increase or decrease in the effective tax rate and have a material impact on our net income.

Considering our recent US earnings experience and projections of future income, a possibility exists that we may release a 
portion of the valuation allowance against our US deferred tax assets in the next twelve months. Release of the US valuation 
allowance would result in the recognition of deferred tax assets and a decrease to income tax expense for the period the release 
is recorded. Our US valuation allowance, excluding that related to state separate taxes, is $69 million as at December 31, 2015. 
The exact timing and amount of future valuation release is subject to change on the basis of the level of profitability we are able 
to achieve.

Positions taken in our tax returns may be subject to challenge by the taxing authorities upon examination. We recognize the 
benefit of uncertain tax positions in the financial statements when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on 
examination by the tax authorities. The benefit recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% 
likelihood of being realized on settlement with the tax authority, assuming full knowledge of the position and all relevant facts. 

The Company adjusts its recognition of these uncertain tax benefits in the period in which new information is available 
impacting either the recognition or measurement of its uncertain tax positions. In 2015, there was a net increase in unrecognized 
tax benefits of $3 million compared to a net decrease of $22 million in 2014. The Company recognizes interest relating to 
unrecognized tax benefits and penalties within income taxes. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax 
liability line in the consolidated balance sheet.

Legacy Willis commitments, contingencies and accrued liabilities

We have established provisions against various actual and potential claims, lawsuits and other proceedings relating principally 
to alleged errors and omissions in connection with the placement of insurance and reinsurance in the ordinary course of 
business. Such provisions cover claims that have been reported but not paid and also claims that have been incurred but not 
reported. These provisions are established based on actuarial estimates together with individual case reviews and are believed to 
be adequate in the light of current information and legal advice.  In certain cases, where a range of loss exists, we accrue the 
minimum amount in the range if no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount.

In addition, the accounting standards require us to take into account a variety of factors with respect to loss contingencies. As a 
result, in the fourth quarter of 2015, we accrued $70 million, before tax, in connection with the litigation related to the Stanford 
Financial Group. We continue to dispute the allegations and to defend ourselves vigorously. See Part I, Item 3 - ‘Legal 
Proceedings’ of this Form 10-K.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The Company’s contractual obligations as at December 31, 2015 are presented below:

Payments due by

Obligations 

Total

2016

2017-2018

2019-2020

After 2020

7-year term loan facility expires 2018
1-year term loan facility expires 2016
Interest on term loan
Revolving $800 million credit facility and commitment fees
Revolving $400 million credit facility commitment fees
4.125% senior notes due 2016
6.200% senior notes due 2017
7.000% senior notes due 2019
5.750% senior notes due 2021
4.625% senior notes due 2023
6.125% senior notes due 2043
Interest on senior notes

Total debt and related interest
Operating leases (a)
Pensions (b)
Acquisition liabilities (c)
Other contractual obligations (d)
Total contractual obligations (e) (f)
__________________

$

$

242
592
18
472
1
300
394
187
500
250
275
784
4,015
1,324
273
224
174
6,010

$

$

(millions)
219
$
—
6
470
—
—
394
—
—
—
—
146
1,235
250
88
150
88
1,811

$

$

$

23
592
12
2
1
300
—
—
—
—
—
97
1,027
141
97
70
19
1,354

— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
187
—
—
—
124
311
220
88
4
14
637

$

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
500
250
275
417
1,442
713
—
—
53
2,208

(a) 

(b) 

Presented gross of sublease income.

Excludes any potential ‘funding level’ contributions given these are dependent on future funding level assessments.

(c)  Acquisition liabilities includes deferred and contingent consideration of $153 million payable in relation to the acquisition of Miller Insurance Services 

LLP in May 2015. 

(d)  Other contractual obligations include capital lease commitments, put option obligations and investment fund capital call obligations, the timing of which 

are included at the earliest point they may fall due.

(e) 

(f) 

The above excludes $22 million for liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits as we are unable to reasonably predict the timing of settlement of these 
liabilities.

The above excludes $79 million short-term borrowings incurred by Gras Savoye in the ordinary course of business. These borrowings were repaid on 
January 11, 2016.

Debt obligations and facilities

The Company’s debt and related interest obligations at December 31, 2015 are shown in the above table.

Mandatory repayments of debt over the next 12 months include expiration of the 1-year term loan facility expiring 2016, 
maturity of the 4.125% senior notes due 2016 and the scheduled repayment of the current portion of the Company’s 7-year term 
loan. The Company also has the right, at its option, to prepay indebtedness under the credit facility without further penalty and 
to redeem the senior notes by paying a ‘make-whole’ premium as provided under the applicable debt instrument.

Operating leases

The Company leases certain land, buildings and equipment under various operating lease arrangements. Original non-
cancellable lease terms typically are between 10 and 20 years and may contain escalation clauses, along with options that 
permit early withdrawal. The total amount of the minimum rent is expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Information regarding these operating leases and their impact on the financial statements is set forth in Note 20 - ‘Commitments 
and Contingencies’ to the Consolidated Financial Statements appearing under Part II, Item 8 of this report and incorporated 
herein by reference.

Pensions

Contractual obligations for the Company’s pension plans reflect the contributions the Company expects to make over the next 
five years into the Legacy Willis US, UK and Other defined benefit plans. These contributions are based on current funding 
positions and may increase or decrease dependent on the future performance of the plans.

Total contributions made in 2015 and 2014, and the contributions we expect to make in 2016, in respect of the Legacy Willis 
UK, US and Other defined benefit pension schemes are as follows:

Defined benefit pension plans:
UK 
US
Other
Total

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

December 31,
2014

Expected

Actual

Actual

$

$

83
—
14
97

$

$

94
—
15
109

$

$

81
20
11
112

Included in the Legacy Willis UK plan contributions, above, are deficit funding contributions expected in 2016 of $53 million 
(2015: $54 million and 2014: $59 million), on-going contributions of approximately $22 million (2015: $19 million and 2014: 
$22 million) and contingent contributions of approximately $8 million following share buybacks made (2015: $21 million and 
2014: $nil).

Additionally, during 2015 $9 million (2014: $10 million) was paid into the Legacy Willis UK plan in respect of employees’ 
salary sacrifice contributions.

UK plan

On December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis agreed a revised schedule of contributions towards on-going accrual of benefits and 
deficit funding contributions the Company will make to the UK Plan to the end of 2024.  Based on this agreement, deficit 
funding contributions in 2016 will total approximately $53 million. 

Annual deficit funding contributions will reduce to approximately $22 million for 2017 through 2020 although additional 
‘funding level’ contributions may become payable based on funding level assessments made between December 31, 2017 and 
2024.  Such annual funding level contributions are capped at approximately $15 million. From 2021 annual deficit funding 
contributions may be ceased, and instead paid into escrow, if the Scheme is ahead of its funding plan.

Guarantees, Acquisition Liabilities and Other Contractual Obligations

Information regarding guarantees and other contractual obligations and their impact on the financial statements is set forth in 
Note 20 - ‘Commitments and Contingencies’ to the Consolidated Financial Statements appearing under Part II, Item 8 of this 
report and incorporated herein by reference.

Claims, Lawsuits and Other Proceedings, including Stanford Financial Group Litigation

Information regarding claims, lawsuits and other proceedings, including Stanford Financial Group litigation, and their impact 
on the financial statements is set forth in Note 20 - ‘Commitments and Contingencies’ to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
appearing under Part II, Item 8 of this report and incorporated herein by reference.

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NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Information regarding new accounting standards and their impact on the financial statements is set forth in Note 2 - ‘Basis of 
Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies’ to the Consolidated Financial Statements appearing under Part II, Item 8 of 
this report and incorporated herein by reference.

OFF BALANCE SHEET TRANSACTIONS

Apart from commitments, guarantees and contingencies, as disclosed in Note 20 - ‘Commitments and Contingencies’ to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements appearing under Part II, Item 8 of this report and incorporated herein by reference, as of 
December 31, 2015 the Company had no off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a current or 
future material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

Item 7A — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The information in this section is provided as of December 31, 2015, and thus includes information on Legacy Willis only.

Legacy Willis Financial Risk Management

We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. In order to manage the risk 
arising from these exposures, we enter into a variety of interest rate and foreign currency derivatives. We do not hold financial 
or derivative instruments for trading purposes.

A discussion of our accounting policies for financial and derivative instruments is included in Note 2 — ‘Basis of Presentation 
and Significant Accounting Policies’ of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and further disclosure is provided in 
Note 24 — ‘Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities’.

Legacy Willis Foreign Exchange Risk 

Because of the large number of countries and currencies we operate in, movements in currency exchange rates may affect our 
results.

We report our operating results and financial condition in US dollars. Our US operations earn revenue and incur expenses 
primarily in US dollars. Outside the United States, we predominantly generate revenues and expenses in the local currency with 
the exception of our London market operations which earns revenues in several currencies but incurs expenses predominantly 
in pounds sterling.

The table below gives an approximate analysis of revenues and expenses by currency in 2015.

Revenues

Expenses

Our principal Legacy Willis exposures to foreign exchange risk arise from:

• 

• 

our London market operations; and

translation.

London market operations

US
Dollars

Pounds
Sterling

Euros

Other
currencies

58%

47%

9%

25%

13%

8%

20%

20%

The Company’s primary foreign exchange risks in its London market operations arise from changes in the exchange rate 
between US dollars and Pounds sterling as its London market operations earn the majority of their revenues in US dollars and 
incur expenses predominantly in Pounds sterling, and may also hold a significant net sterling asset or liability position on the 
balance sheet. In addition, the London market operations earn significant revenues in Euros and Japanese yen.

The foreign exchange risks in its London market operations are hedged to the extent that:

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Market risk

• 

• 

forecast Pound sterling expenses exceed Pound sterling revenues, the Company limits its exposure to this exchange rate 
risk by the use of forward contracts matched to specific, clearly identified cash outflows arising in the ordinary course of 
business; 

the UK operations earn significant revenues in Euros and Japanese yen, the Company limits its exposure to changes in the 
exchange rate between the US dollar and these currencies by the use of forward contracts matched to a percentage of 
forecast cash inflows in specific currencies and periods. In addition, we are also exposed to foreign exchange risk on any 
net sterling asset or liability position in our London market operations; and

•  Miller Insurance Services LLP, which is a sterling functional entity, earns significant non-functional currency revenues, the 
Company limits its exposure to exchange rate changes by the use of forward contracts matched to a percentage of forecast 
cash inflows in specific currencies and periods.

However, where the foreign exchange risk relates to any sterling pension assets benefit or liability for pensions benefit, we do 
not hedge the risk. Consequently, if our London market operations have a significant pension asset or liability, we may be 
exposed to accounting gains and losses if the US dollar and pounds sterling exchange rate changes. We do, however, hedge the 
pounds sterling contributions into the pension plan.

Translation risk

Outside our US and London market operations, we predominantly earn revenues and incur expenses in the local currency. 
When we translate the results and net assets of these operations into US dollars for reporting purposes, movements in exchange 
rates will affect reported results and net assets. For example, if the US dollar strengthens against the Euro, the reported results 
of our Eurozone operations in US dollar terms will be lower.

With the exception of foreign currency hedges for certain intercompany loans that are not designated as hedging instruments, 
we do not hedge translation risk.

The table below provides information about our foreign currency forward exchange contracts, which are sensitive to exchange 
rate risk. The table summarizes the US dollar equivalent amounts of each currency bought and sold forward and the weighted 
average contractual exchange rates. All forward exchange contracts mature within three years.

December 31, 2015

2016

Average contractual
exchange rate

Contract
amount

(millions)

Foreign currency sold

US dollars sold for sterling

$

Euro sold for US dollars
Japanese yen sold for US
dollars
Euro sold for sterling

Total
Fair Value (i)
_________________
(i) 

$1.57 = £1

€1 = $1.26

¥111.41= $1

€1 = £1.22

485

87

26

15

613

(13)

$

$

Settlement date before December 31,

2017
Average contractual
exchange rate

$1.54 = £1

€1 = $1.30

¥113.49 = $1

€1 = £1.24

Contract
amount

(millions)

$

$

$

363

63

18

5

449
(11)

Contract
amount

(millions)

$

$

$

175

29

7

3

214
(7)

2018
Average contractual
exchange rate

$1.55 = £1

€1 = $1.15

¥116.17 = $1

€1 = £1.38

Represents the difference between the contract amount and the cash flow in US dollars which would have been receivable had the foreign currency 
forward exchange contracts been entered into on December 31, 2015 at the forward exchange rates prevailing at that date.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

December 31, 2014

2015

Average contractual
exchange rate

Contract
amount

(millions)

Foreign currency sold

US dollars sold for sterling

$

349

Euro sold for US dollars

Japanese yen sold for US dollars

$1.60 = £1

€1 = $1.36

¥100.84=$1

98

28

475

4

$

$

Total
Fair Value (i)
_________________
(i) 

Settlement date before December 31,

2016

Average contractual
exchange rate

Contract
amount

(millions)

$

245

62

17

324

—  

$

$

$1.61 = £1

€1 = $1.36

¥101.50 = $1

2017

Average contractual
exchange rate

$1.58 = £1

€1 = $1.32

¥106.33 = $1

Contract
amount

(millions)

$

$

$

84

26

6

116

1

Represents the difference between the contract amount and the cash flow in US dollars which would have been receivable had the foreign currency 
forward exchange contracts been entered into on December 31, 2014 at the forward exchange rates prevailing at that date.

Income earned within foreign subsidiaries outside of the United Kingdom is generally offset by expenses in the same local 
currency but the Company does have exposure to foreign exchange movements on the net income of these entities. 

Legacy Willis Interest Rate Risk 

Our operations are financed principally by $1,906 million fixed rate senior notes issued by Legacy Willis maturing through 
2043 (shown gross of debt issuance costs) and $240 million under a 7-year term loan facility.  Of the fixed rate senior notes, 
$300 million are due 2016, $394 million are due 2017, $187 million are due 2019, $500 million are due 2021, $250 million are 
due 2023, and $275 million are due 2043. The 7-year term loan facility is repayable in quarterly installments and a final 
repayment of $186 million is due in the third quarter of 2018. 

The Company has access to (i) $800 million under a revolving credit facility expiring July 23, 2018, (ii) $400 million under a 
revolving credit facility expiring April 28, 2016 and a repayment date of April 28, 2017, which will be available for regulatory 
capital purposes related to securities underwriting only, and (iii) $22 million under two further revolving credit facilities, of 
which $20 million is also only available for specific regulatory purposes. As of December 31, 2015 $467 million (2014: $nil) 
was drawn on these facilities. Additionally, the Company has access to a 1-year term loan in two tranches of  €550 million 
($598 million) and $400 million to be used for the specific purposes of the acquisitions of Gras Savoye and Towers Watson, 
respectively.  As of December 31, 2015 the equivalent of $592 million was drawn on the €550 million tranche and $nil on the 
$400 million tranche.  The interest rate applicable to the bank borrowing is variable according to the period of each individual 
drawdown.

On December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis consolidated $79 million under a bank overdraft arrangement undertaken by Gras 
Savoye. This borrowing had been entered into by Gras Savoye in the ordinary course of its insurance broking operations and 
was repaid on January 11, 2016.

We are also subject to market risk from exposure to changes in interest rates based on our investing activities where our primary 
interest rate risk arises from changes in short-term interest rates in both US dollars and pounds sterling.

As a result of our operating activities, we receive cash for premiums and claims which we deposit in short-term investments 
denominated in US dollars and other currencies. We earn interest on these funds, which is included in our consolidated financial 
statements as investment income. These funds are regulated in terms of access and the instruments in which they may be 
invested, most of which are short-term in maturity. 

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company, in order to manage interest rate risk arising from these financial 
assets, entered into interest rate swaps to receive a fixed rate of interest and pay a variable rate of interest.  The use of interest 
rate contracts essentially converted groups of short-term variable rate investments to fixed rates.  These derivatives were 
designated as hedging instruments and were for a total notional amount of $300 million.

The table below provides information about our derivative instruments and other financial instruments that are sensitive to 
changes in interest rates. For interest rate swaps, the table presents notional principal amounts and average interest rates 
analyzed by expected maturity dates. Notional principal amounts are used to calculate the contractual payments to be 
exchanged under the contracts. The duration of the interest rate swaps was three years, with re-fixing periods of three months. 

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Market risk

Average fixed and variable rates are, respectively, the weighted-average actual and market rates for the interest rate hedges in 
place. Market rates are the rates prevailing at December 31, 2015 or 2014, as appropriate.

December 31, 2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Thereafter

Total

Fair Value(i)

($ millions, except percentages)

Expected to mature before December 31,

Fixed rate debt
  Principal ($)
  Fixed rate payable
Floating rate debt
  Principal ($)
  Variable rate payable (ii) 
Derivatives - interest rate swaps
  Notional principal ($)
  Fixed rate receivable
  Variable rate payable

300
4.125%

394
6.200%

—
—

187
7.000%

694
1.647%

22
2.323%

664
2.451%

—
—
—

—
—
—

300
1.167%
0.900%

—
—

—
—
—

Expected to mature before December 31,

—
—

—
—

—
—
—

1,025
5.576%

1,906
5.616%

—

—
—
—

1,380
2.045%

300
1.167%
0.900%

2,012

1,380

—

December 31, 2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

Thereafter

Total

Fair Value (i)

($ millions, except percentages)

Fixed rate debt
  Principal ($)
  Fixed rate payable
Floating rate debt
  Principal ($)
  Variable rate payable (ii) 

148
5.625%

300
4.125%

394
6.200%

—
—

187
7.000%

1,025
5.576%

2,054
5.617%

17
2.26%

23
3.00%

22
3.43%

197
3.45%

—
—

—
—

259
3.40%

2,237

259

_________________
(i) 

Represents the net present value of the expected cash flows discounted at current market rates of interest or quoted market rates as appropriate.

(ii) 

Represents the estimated interest rate payable.

Legacy Willis Liquidity Risk 

Our objective is to ensure we have the ability to generate sufficient cash either from internal or external sources, in a timely and 
cost-effective manner, to meet our commitments as they fall due. Our management of liquidity risk is embedded within our 
overall risk management framework. Scenario analysis is continually undertaken to ensure that our resources can meet our 
liquidity requirements. These resources are supplemented by access to $1,222 million under four revolving credit facilities, of 
which $355 million is available (and undrawn) for general corporate purposes. We undertake short-term foreign exchange 
swaps for liquidity purposes.

See ‘Liquidity and Capital Resources’ section under Item 7, ‘Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 
and Results of Operations’.

Legacy Willis Credit Risk and Concentrations of Credit Risk

Credit risk represents the loss that would be recognized at the reporting date if counterparties failed to perform as contracted 
and from movements in interest rates and foreign exchange rates. The Company currently does not anticipate non-performance 
by its counterparties. The Company generally does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments with 
credit risk.

Concentrations of credit risk that arise from financial instruments exist for groups of customers or counterparties when they 
have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by 
changes in economic or other conditions. Financial instruments on the balance sheet that potentially subject the Company to 
concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, fiduciary funds, accounts receivable and derivatives 
which are recorded at fair value.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

The Company maintains a policy providing for the diversification of cash and cash equivalent investments and places such 
investments in an extensive number of financial institutions to limit the amount of credit risk exposure. These financial 
institutions are monitored on an ongoing basis for credit quality predominantly using information provided by credit agencies.
Concentrations of credit risk with respect to receivables are limited due to the large number of clients and markets in which the 
Company does business, as well as the dispersion across many geographic areas. Management does not believe significant risk 
exists in connection with the Company’s concentrations of credit as of December 31, 2015.

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Financial statements

Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for each of the three years in the period ended December 
31, 2015
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015
Consolidated Statements of Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

  Page

94
95

96
97
99
101
102

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company
Dublin, Ireland

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company and 
subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, 
comprehensive income (loss), changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 
2015. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to 
express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial 
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and 
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates 
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Willis 
Towers Watson Public Limited Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of their operations 
and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on the criteria established in Internal 
Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
and our report dated February 29, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting.

/s/ Deloitte LLP
London, United Kingdom
February 29, 2016 

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets
Restructuring costs

Total expenses

OPERATING INCOME

Other income (expense), net

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Interest expense

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF

ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

NET INCOME

Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS WATSON

EARNINGS PER SHARE — BASIC AND DILUTED (i)

— Basic earnings per share

— Diluted earnings per share

Financial statements

Years ended December 31,

Note

2015

2014

2013

(millions, except per share data)

  $

3,809

$

3,767

$

3,633

12

8

16

19

15

7

3,829

3,802

3,655

3

11

13
5

7

18

18

8

  $

9

  $

  $

(2,306)
(799)
(95)
(76)
(126)
(3,402)
427

55

—
(142)

340

33

373

11

384
(11)
373

5.49

5.41

(2,314)
(659)
(92)
(54)
(36)
(3,155)
647

(2,207)
(636)
(94)
(55)
—
(2,992)
663

6

—
(135)

518
(159)

359

14

373
(11)
362

5.40

5.32

3.18

$

$

$

$

22
(60)
(126)

499
(122)

377

—

377
(12)
365

5.53

5.37

2.97

$

$

$

$

CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER SHARE (i)

  $

3.28

(i)

 Basic and diluted earnings per share, and cash dividends declared per share, have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split on January 4, 
2016. See Note 31 - Subsequent Events for further details.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Years ended December 31,

Note

2015

2014

2013

(millions)

$

384

$

373

$

377

(133)

(183)

20

33
(32)
172

36
(14)
(15)
180

—
(31)
3

—

—
(28)
19

403
(1)
402

37
(255)
—

40
(3)
2
(179)

(4)
(25)
13

—
(1)
(17)
(379)
(6)
(5)
(11) $

$

(10)
85

—

46
(4)
—

117

(4)
8

1

15

—

20

157

534
(12)
522

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Pension funding adjustment:

Foreign currency translation on pension funding adjustment

Net actuarial (loss) gain

Prior service gain

Amortization of unrecognized actuarial loss

Amortization of unrecognized prior service gain
Curtailment (loss) gain

Derivative instruments:

Interest rate swap reclassification adjustment

(Loss) gain on forward exchange contracts (effective element)

Forward exchange contracts reclassification adjustment

Gain on treasury lock (effective element)

Treasury lock reclassification adjustment

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

Comprehensive income (loss)

21

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson

$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Fiduciary assets

Other current assets

Total current assets

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Fixed assets, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Investments in associates

Deferred tax assets

Pension benefits asset

Other non-current assets

Total non-current assets

TOTAL ASSETS
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES

Fiduciary liabilities

Deferred revenue and accrued expenses

Income taxes payable

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt

Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Long-term debt

Liability for pension benefits

Deferred tax liabilities

Provisions for liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Financial statements

December 31,

Note

2015

2014

(millions, except share data)

  $

532

$

635

1,258

10,458

255

1,044

8,948

212

12,503

10,839

563

3,737

1,115

13

76

623

209

483

2,937

450

169

19

314

210

6,336

4,582

  $ 18,839

$ 15,421

  $ 10,458

$

8,948

752

45

988

558

619

33

167

444

12,801

10,211

2,278

2,130

279

240

295

533

284

147

194

389

3,625

16,426

3,144

13,355

14

11

12

13

8

17

14

18

15

18

17

8

19

15

(Continued on next page)

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Willis Towers Watson plc

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Continued)

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

EQUITY

Ordinary shares, $0.000304635 nominal value; Authorized: 1,510,003,775; Issued 68,624,892 

shares in 2015 and 67,459,977 shares in 2014 (i)

Ordinary shares, €1 nominal value; Authorized: 40,000; Issued 40,000 shares in 2015 and

2014

Preference shares, $0.000115 nominal value; Authorized: 1,000,000,000; Issued nil shares in

2015 and 2014

Additional paid-in capital

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax

Treasury shares, at cost, 17,519 shares in 2015 and 2014, and 40,000 shares, €1 nominal

value, in 2015 and 2014

Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

December 31,

Note

2015

2014

(millions, except share data)

20

21

—

53

—

—

—

—

59

—

—

—

1,672

1,597
(1,037)

(3)
2,229

131

2,360

1,524

1,530
(1,066)

(3)
1,985

22

2,007

  $ 18,839

$ 15,421

(i)

 The nominal value of ordinary shares and number of ordinary shares issued in 2015 and 2014 have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock 
split on January 4, 2016. See Note 31 - Subsequent Events for further details.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to total net cash provided by operating activities:

Net gain on disposal of operations, fixed and intangible assets and gain on
remeasurement of previously held equity interest

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Amortization of cash retention awards

Net periodic benefit of defined benefit pension plans

Provision for doubtful accounts

Provision for deferred income taxes

Gain on derivative instruments

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

Share-based compensation

Tender premium included in loss on extinguishment of debt

Undistributed earnings of associates

Effect of exchange rate changes on net income

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from purchase of subsidiaries:

Accounts receivable

Fiduciary assets

Fiduciary liabilities

Cash incentives paid

Funding of defined benefit pension plans

Other assets

Other liabilities

Movement on provisions

Total net cash provided by operating activities

Financial statements

Years ended December 31,

Note

2015

2014

2013

(millions)

  $

384

$

373

$

377

11

13

17

16

4

17

(90)

95

76

11

(78)

5

(99)

(6)

(7)

64

—

(6)

73

(155)

(508)

508

(439)

(118)

(5)

495

43

243

(17)

92

54

10

(17)

4

66

(12)

(5)

52

—

(9)

39

(66)

(887)

887

(401)

(122)

16

432

(12)

477

(7)

94

55

6

(4)

3

39

18

(2)

42

65

8

(4)

(116)

804

(804)

(346)

(150)

14

445

24

561

(Continued on next page)

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Willis Towers Watson plc

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangible assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Payments to acquire (proceeds from sale of) other investments, net of distributions
received

Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Net cash used in investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from drawdown of revolving credit facility

Senior notes issued

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt

Tender premium on extinguishment of senior notes

Proceeds from issue of other debt

Repurchase of shares

Proceeds from issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

(DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR

Years ended December 31,

Note

2015

2014

2013

(millions)

18

18

18

18

18

13

(146)

(12)

(845)

3

44

(943)

469

—

(5)

(166)

—

592

(82)

124

7

(277)

(5)

(16)

641

(59)

(44)

635

532

$

6

(113)

(4)

(241)

(10)

86

(276)

—

—

(3)

(15)

—

—

(213)

134

5

(210)

(4)

(17)

(323)

(122)

(39)

796

635

$

12

(112)

(7)

(30)

(3)

20

(120)

—

522

(8)

(536)

(65)

—

—

155

2

(193)

(4)

(10)

(137)

304

(8)

500

796

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

  $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

Financial statements

Shares 
outstanding(iv)

(thousands)

Ordinary
shares and
APIC (i)

Retained
Earnings

Treasury
Stock

AOCL (ii)

Total WTW
shareholders’
equity

(millions)

Noncontrolling
Interests

Total
Equity

Redeemable
Noncontrolling
interests (iii)

Total

$ 1,725

$

—

Balance at January 1, 2013

65,375

$ 1,125

$ 1,427

$

(3) $ (850) $

1,699

$

Net income

Dividends

Other comprehensive income

Issue of shares under employee stock
compensation plans and related tax
benefits

Share-based compensation

Purchase of subsidiary shares from
noncontrolling interests, net

—

—

—

2,145

—

—

—

—

—

153

42

(4)

365

(197)

—

—

—

—

Balance, December 31, 2013

67,520

1,316

1,595

Shares repurchased

Net income

Dividends

Other comprehensive loss

Issue of shares under employee stock
compensation plans and related tax
benefits

Issue of shares for acquisitions

Share-based compensation

Additional noncontrolling interests

Foreign currency translation

(1,906)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1,832

146

14

—

—

—

1

52

—

9

(213)

362

(214)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(3)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

157

—

—

—

365

(197)

157

153

42

(4)

(693)

2,215

—

—

—

(373)

—

—

—

—

—

(213)

362

(214)

(373)

146

1

52

—

9

Balance at December 31, 2014

67,460

1,524

1,530

(3)

(1,066)

1,985

Shares repurchased

Net income

Dividends

Other comprehensive income

Issue of shares under employee stock
compensation plans and related tax
benefits

Share-based compensation
Additional noncontrolling interests(v)

Foreign currency translation

Balance at December 31, 2015

_________________________________

(646)

—

—

—

1,811

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

128

64

(53)

9

(82)

373

(224)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

29

—

—

—

—

(82)

373

(224)

29

128

64

(53)

9

26

12

(10)

—

—

—

—

28

—

11

(17)

(2)

—

—

—

2

—

22

—

8

(11)

(6)

—

—

118

—

377

(207)

157

153

42

(4)

2,243

(213)

373

(231)

(375)

146

1

52

2

9

2,007

(82)

381

(235)

23

128

64

65

9

68,625

$ 1,672

$ 1,597

$

(3) $ (1,037) $

2,229

$

131

$ 2,360

$

— $ 377

—

— $ 157

—

—

—

—

—

— $ 373

—

(4) $ (379)

—

—

—

63

—

59

—

3

$ 384

(5)

(4) $

19

—

—

—

—

53

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

(v) 

APIC means Additional Paid-In Capital.
AOCL means Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax.
In accordance with the requirements of Accounting Standards Codification 480-10-S99-3A we have determined that the noncontrolling interest in 
Max Matthiessen Holding AB should be disclosed as a redeemable noncontrolling interest and presented within mezzanine or temporary equity.
The nominal value of ordinary shares and number of ordinary shares issued in 2015 and 2014 have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse 
stock split on January 4, 2016. See note 31 - Subsequent Events for further details.
As a result of the acquisition of Gras Savoye, we acquired the remaining noncontrolling interest in Willis Iberia Correduria de Seguros y Reaseguros 
SA, resulting in an approximate $50 million adjustment to APIC.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND MERGER

Nature of Operations

This is the first Annual Report on Form 10-K that Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company has filed since the 
completion of the merger between Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company and Towers Watson and Company on 
January 4, 2016. Due to the closing date of the merger on January 4, 2016 and after the end of the fiscal year, Legacy Towers 
Watson results of operations and financial position are not presented in this 10-K and therefore are not reflected in the 
consolidated financial statements or those notes to the financial statements.

Willis Towers Watson is a leading global advisory, broking and solutions company that helps clients around the world turn risk 
into a path for growth.  The Company provides both specialized risk management advisory and consulting services on a global 
basis to clients engaged in specific industrial and commercial activities, and services to small, medium and large corporations 
through its retail operations. We design and deliver solutions that manage risk, optimize benefits, cultivate talent, and expand 
the power of capital to protect and strengthen institutions and individuals. We help organizations improve performance through 
effective people, risk and financial management by focusing on providing human capital and financial consulting services.

In its capacity as an advisor, insurance and reinsurance broker, the Company acts as an intermediary between clients and 
insurance carriers by advising clients on risk management requirements, helping clients determine the best means of managing 
risk, and negotiating and placing insurance risk with insurance carriers through the Company’s global distribution network.

In our capacity as a consultant, technology and solutions and private exchange company we help our clients enhance business 
performance by improving their ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified employees. We focus on delivering consulting 
services that help organizations anticipate, identify and capitalize on emerging opportunities in human capital management as 
well as investment advice to help our clients develop disciplined and efficient strategies to meet their investment goals. We 
operate the largest private Medicare exchange in the United States. Through this exchange, we help our clients move to a more 
sustainable economic model by capping and controlling the costs associated with retiree healthcare benefits.

Our unique perspective allows us to see the critical intersections between talent, assets and ideas - the dynamic formula that 
drives business performance.

Merger

The Merger was consummated on January 4, 2016, pursuant to the previously announced Agreement and Plan of Merger. 
Immediately following the Merger, the Company effected an amendment to its Constitution and other organizational documents 
to change its name from Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company to Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company.

Due to the closing date of the Merger on January 4, 2016, and after the end of the fiscal year, Legacy Towers Watson results of 
operations and financial position are not presented in this Form 10-K. Please see Note 31 — Subsequent Events for additional 
information.

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Recent Accounting Pronouncements to be Adopted in Future Periods

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (‘FASB’) issued Accounting Standard Update (‘ASU’) No. 2014-09, 
‘Revenue From Contracts With Customers’. The new standard supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance and 
eliminates industry-specific guidance. The ASU is based on the principle that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the 
transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled 
in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and 
uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in 
judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to fulfill a contract. The ASU was originally scheduled to become 
effective for the Company at the beginning of its 2017 fiscal year; early adoption was not initially permitted. However, in 
August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14 ‘Revenue from Contracts from Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date’ 
deferring the effective date but permitting early adoption at the original effective date. Consequently, the guidance will now 
become mandatorily effective for the Company at the beginning of its 2018 fiscal year. Entities have the option of using either a 

102   willistowerswatson.com

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Notes to the financial statements

2.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)  

full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach for the adoption of the new standard. The Company is currently 
assessing the impact that this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements. 

In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-12, ‘Stock Compensation’, which sets out the guidance where share-based 
payment awards granted to employees required specific performance targets to be achieved in order for employees to become 
eligible to vest in the awards and such performance targets could be achieved after an employee completes the requisite service 
period. The amendment in this update requires a performance target that affects vesting and that could be achieved after the 
requisite service period to be treated as a performance condition. The guidance is applicable to the Company for interim and 
annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, although earlier adoption is permitted. Adoption of this update is 
not expected to materially affect the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, ‘Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments’ in 
relation to business combinations, which requires that an acquirer recognize adjustments to provisional amounts that are 
identified in the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. The ASU 
becomes effective for the Company at the beginning of the 2016 fiscal year; early adoption is permitted. The Company is 
required to apply the new guidance prospectively.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01 ‘Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial 
Liabilities’, which, among other things, amends the classification and measurement requirements for investments in equity 
securities and amends the presentation requirements for certain fair value changes for certain financial liabilities measured at 
fair value. The ASU becomes effective for the Company at the beginning of the 2018 fiscal year; only partial early adoption is 
permitted. The Company is required to apply a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the 
fiscal year of adoption. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on its consolidated financial 
statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02 ‘Leases’, which requires a lessee to recognize in the statement of 
financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the 
underlying asset for the lease term. The ASU becomes effective for the Company at the beginning of the 2019 fiscal year; early 
adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on its consolidated financial 
statements.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Period

Debt Issuance Costs

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03 ‘Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs’, which requires that 
debt issuance costs related to a note shall be reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the face amount of that 
note and that amortization of debt issuance costs shall be reported as interest expense. The Company has opted to early-adopt 
this update, which it has applied retrospectively, as of December 31, 2015. This has resulted in ‘Other assets’ and ‘Debt’ each 
being reported, after reclassifications, as $12 million lower as of December 31, 2014 than they were originally reported and as 
$16 million lower as of December 31, 2015 than they would otherwise have been reported. There was no effect on the 
consolidated results of operations, consolidated cash flows or consolidated equity for the year ended December 31, 2015 or any 
earlier year. 

In addition, in August 2015, the FASB issued the related ASU No. 2015-15 ‘Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt 
Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements’, which states that the Securities and Exchange Commission 
(‘SEC’) staff would not object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs related to a line-of-credit arrangement 
as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement. 
The Company has opted to continue to defer and present debt issuance costs related to a line-of-credit arrangement as an asset, 
subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement. 

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Willis Towers Watson plc  

2.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)  

Deferred Taxes

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17 ‘Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes’, which requires that 
deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as non-current in the balance sheet, which simplifies the presentation. This 
standard is mandatorily effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and early adoption is permitted. The 
Company has opted to early-adopt this update and to apply it retrospectively to all prior periods. 

The effects of the accounting change on the prior year are shown below:

Balance sheet classifications:
Current:

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Net current deferred tax liabilities

Non-current:

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Net non-current deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liabilities

December 31,

2014

As originally
reported

Reclassifications

As adjusted

(millions)

$

$

$

$

$

12
(21)
(9) $

9
(128)
(119) $
(128) $

(12) $
21

9

$

10
(19)
(9) $
— $

—

—

—

19
(147)
(128)
(128)

There was no effect on the consolidated results of operations, consolidated cash flows or consolidated equity for the year ended 
December 31, 2015 or any earlier year.

Significant Accounting Policies

These consolidated financial statements conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America 
(‘US GAAP’). Presented below are summaries of significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of the consolidated 
financial statements.

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts to conform to current year presentation. 

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Willis Towers Watson and its subsidiaries, which 
are controlled through the ownership of a majority voting interest. Intercompany balances and transactions have been 
eliminated on consolidation.

Common Shares Split 

On January 4, 2016, the Company effected a 1 to 2.6490 reverse stock split to shareholders of record as of January 4, 2016. All 
share and per share information has been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split and show the new number of 
shares. 

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Notes to the financial statements

2.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)  

Foreign Currency Translation

Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency of the entity are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the 
date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities in currencies other than the functional currency are translated at the rates 
of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date and the related transaction gains and losses are reported in the statements of 
operations. Certain intercompany loans are determined to be of a long-term investment nature. The Company records 
transaction gains and losses from remeasuring such loans as a component of other comprehensive income.

Upon consolidation, the results of operations of subsidiaries and associates whose functional currency is other than the US 
dollar are translated into US dollars at the average exchange rate and assets and liabilities are translated at year-end exchange 
rates. Translation adjustments are presented as a separate component of other comprehensive income in the financial statements 
and are included in net income only upon sale or liquidation of the underlying foreign subsidiary or associated company.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the dates of the 
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the year. In the preparation of these 
consolidated financial statements, estimates and assumptions have been made by management concerning: the valuation of 
intangible assets and goodwill (including those acquired through business combinations); the selection of useful lives of fixed 
and intangible assets; impairment testing; provisions necessary for accounts receivable, commitments and contingencies and 
accrued liabilities; long-term asset returns, discount rates and mortality rates in order to estimate pension liabilities and pension 
expense; income tax valuation allowances; and other similar evaluations. Actual results could differ from the estimates 
underlying these consolidated financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents primarily consist of time deposits with original maturities of 90 days or less.  Willis Limited, our UK 
brokerage subsidiary regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority, is currently required to maintain $126 million in 
unencumbered and available funds, of which at least $79 million must be in cash, for regulatory purposes. 

Fiduciary Assets and Fiduciary Liabilities

In its capacity as an insurance agent or broker, the Company collects premiums from insureds and, after deducting its 
commissions, remits the premiums to the respective insurers; the Company also collects claims or refunds from insurers which 
it then remits to insureds.

Fiduciary Assets

Fiduciary assets comprise Fiduciary Receivables and Fiduciary Funds.

Fiduciary Receivables

Fiduciary receivables represent uncollected premiums from insureds and uncollected claims or refunds from insurers.

Fiduciary Funds

Fiduciary funds represent unremitted premiums received from insureds and unremitted claims or refunds received from 
insurers. Fiduciary funds are generally required to be kept in certain regulated bank accounts subject to guidelines which 
emphasize capital preservation and liquidity. Such funds are not available to service the Company’s debt or for other corporate 
purposes. Notwithstanding the legal relationships with insureds and insurers, the Company is entitled to retain investment 
income earned on fiduciary funds in accordance with industry custom and practice and, in some cases, as supported by 
agreements with insureds.

The period for which the Company holds such funds is dependent upon the date the insured remits the payment of the premium 
to the Company, or the date the Company receives refunds from the insurers, and the date the Company is required to forward 
such payment to the insurer, or insured, respectively. 

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Willis Towers Watson plc  

2.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)  

In certain instances, the Company advances premiums, refunds or claims to insurance underwriters or insureds prior to 
collection. Such advances are made from fiduciary funds and are reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as 
fiduciary assets.

Fiduciary Liabilities

Fiduciary liabilities represent the obligations to remit fiduciary funds and fiduciary receivables to insurers or insureds. 

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are stated at estimated net realizable values. Allowances are recorded, when necessary, in an amount 
considered by management to be sufficient to meet probable future losses related to uncollectible accounts.

Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for improvements are capitalized; repairs and 
maintenance are charged to expenses as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the 
estimated useful lives of assets.

Depreciation on buildings and long leaseholds is calculated over the lesser of 50 years or the lease term. Depreciation on 
leasehold improvements is calculated over the lesser of the useful life of the assets or the remaining lease term. Depreciation on 
furniture and equipment is calculated based on a range of 3 to 10 years. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Recoverability of Fixed Assets

Long-lived assets are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstance indicate that their carrying amounts 
may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable and 
exceeds its fair value. Recoverability is determined based on the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and 
eventual disposition of the asset or asset group. Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets to be disposed of are 
reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.

Operating Leases

Rentals payable on operating leases are charged straight line to expenses over the lease term as the rentals become payable.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of businesses acquired over the fair value of identifiable net assets at the dates of 
acquisition. The Company reviews goodwill for impairment annually and whenever facts or circumstances indicate that the 
carrying amounts may not be recoverable. In testing for impairment, the fair value of each reporting unit is compared with its 
carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the amount of an 
impairment loss, if any, is calculated by comparing the implied fair value of reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of 
that goodwill. 

Acquired intangible assets are amortized over the following periods:

Client relationships

Management contracts

Other intangible assets

Amortization basis

In line with underlying cashflows

Straight line

Straight line

Expected

life (years)

5 to 20

18

3 to 14

Amortizable intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their 
carrying amounts may not be recoverable.

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Notes to the financial statements

2.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)  

Investments in Associates

Investments are accounted for using the equity method of accounting if the Company has the ability to exercise significant 
influence, but not control, over the investee. Significant influence is generally deemed to exist if the Company has an equity 
ownership in the voting stock of the investee between 20 and 50 percent, although other factors, such as representation on the 
Board of Directors and the impact of commercial arrangements, are considered in determining whether the equity method of 
accounting is appropriate. Under the equity method of accounting the investment is carried at cost of acquisition, plus the 
Company’s equity in undistributed net income since acquisition, less any dividends received since acquisition.

The Company periodically reviews its investments in associates for which fair value is less than cost to determine if the decline 
in value is other than temporary. If the decline in value is judged to be other than temporary, the cost basis of the investment is 
written down to fair value. The amount of any write-down is included in the statements of operations as a realized loss.

All other equity investments where the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence are accounted for by 
the cost method. Such investments are not publicly traded.

GS & Cie Groupe (‘Gras Savoye’), was the principal associate of the Company. It is France’s leading insurance broker. On 
April 22, 2015, the Company exercised its call option to purchase 100 percent of the capital of Gras Savoye. The Company 
entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with Gras Savoye’s other shareholders dated June 25, 2015. The transaction closed on 
December 29, 2015. See Note 10 - Acquisitions, for further details.

The carrying amounts of the Gras Savoye investment as of December 31, 2014 for the interest bearing vendor loans and 
convertible bonds issued by Gras Savoye were $41 million and $106 million, respectively.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses derivative financial instruments for other than trading purposes to alter the risk profile of an existing 
underlying exposure. Interest rate swaps have been used to manage interest risk exposures. Forward foreign currency exchange 
contracts are used to manage currency exposures arising from future income and expenses. The fair values of derivative 
contracts are recorded in other assets and other liabilities. The effective portions of changes in the fair value of derivatives that 
qualify for hedge accounting as cash flow hedges are recorded in other comprehensive income. Amounts are reclassified from 
other comprehensive income into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings. If the derivative is designated as, and 
qualifies as, an effective fair value hedge, the changes in the fair value of the derivative and of the hedged item attributable to 
the hedged risk are both recognized in earnings. The amount of hedge ineffectiveness recognized in earnings is based on the 
extent to which an offset between the fair value of the derivative and hedged item is not achieved. Changes in fair value of 
derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting, together with any hedge ineffectiveness on those that do qualify, are 
recorded in other operating expenses or interest expense as appropriate.

The Company evaluates whether its contracts include clauses or conditions which would be required to be separately accounted 
for at fair value as embedded derivatives.

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the estimated future tax consequences of events attributable to 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and 
operating and capital loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted rates in 
effect for the year in which the differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and 
liabilities of changes in tax rates is recognized in the statement of operations in the period in which the change is enacted. 
Deferred tax assets are reduced through the establishment of a valuation allowance at such time as, based on available evidence, 
it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company adjusts valuation allowances to measure 
deferred tax assets at the amount considered realizable in future periods if the Company’s facts and assumptions change. In 
making such determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including future reversals of 
existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and the results of recent 
financial operations.

Positions taken in the Company’s tax returns may be subject to challenge by the taxing authorities upon examination. The 
Company recognizes the benefit of uncertain tax positions in the financial statements when it is more likely than not that the 
position will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position assuming the tax authorities have full knowledge of 

107

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Willis Towers Watson plc  

2.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)  

the position and all relevant facts. Recognition also occurs upon either the lapse of the relevant statute of limitations, or when 
positions are effectively settled. The benefit recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely 
to be realized on settlement with the tax authority. The Company adjusts its recognition of uncertain tax benefits in the period in 
which new information is available impacting either the recognition or measurement of its uncertain tax positions. Such 
adjustments are reflected as increases or decreases to income taxes in the period in which they are determined.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties relating to unrecognized tax benefits within income taxes.

Provisions for Liabilities

The Company is subject to various actual and potential claims, lawsuits and other proceedings. The Company records liabilities 
for such contingencies including legal costs when it is probable that a liability has been incurred before the balance sheet date 
and the amount can be reasonably estimated, or, in certain cases, where a range of loss exists, the Company accrues the 
minimum amount in the range if no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount. To the extent such 
losses can be recovered under the Company’s insurance programs, estimated recoveries are recorded when losses for insured 
events are realized. Significant management judgment is required to estimate the amounts of such contingent liabilities and the 
related insurance recoveries. The Company analyzes its litigation exposure based on available information, including 
consultation with outside counsel handling the defense of these matters, to assess its potential liability. Contingent liabilities are 
not discounted.

Pensions

The Company has two principal defined benefit pension plans which cover approximately one third of employees in the United 
States and United Kingdom. Both these plans are now closed to new entrants. New employees in the United Kingdom are 
offered the opportunity to join a defined contribution plan and in the United States are offered the opportunity to join a 401(k) 
plan. In addition to the Company’s UK and US defined benefit pension plans, the Company has several smaller defined benefit 
pension plans in certain other countries in which it operates including a US non-qualified plan and an unfunded plan in the UK. 
Elsewhere, pension benefits are typically provided through defined contribution plans.

Defined benefit plans

The net periodic cost of the Company’s defined benefit plans are measured on an actuarial basis using the projected unit credit 
method and several actuarial assumptions the most significant of which are the discount rate and the expected long-term rate of 
return on plan assets. Other material assumptions include rates of participant mortality, the expected long-term rate of 
compensation and pension increases and rates of employee termination. Gains and losses occur when actual experience differs 
from actuarial assumptions. If such gains or losses exceed ten percent of the greater of plan assets or plan liabilities the 
Company amortizes those gains or losses over the average remaining service period or average remaining life expectancy as 
appropriate of the plan participants.

In accordance with US GAAP the Company records on the balance sheet the funded status of its pension plans based on the 
projected benefit obligation.

Defined contribution plans

Contributions to the Company’s defined contribution plans are recognized as they fall due. Differences between contributions 
payable in the year and contributions actually paid are shown as either other assets or other liabilities in the consolidated 
balance sheets.

Share-Based Compensation

The Company has equity-based compensation plans that provide for grants of restricted stock units and stock options 
to employees and non-employee directors of the Company who perform services for the Company.

The Company expenses all equity-based compensation on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period based upon the 
fair value of the award on the date of grant, the estimated achievement of any performance targets and anticipated staff 
retention. The awards under equity-based compensation are classified as equity and included as a component of equity on the 

108   willistowerswatson.com

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Notes to the financial statements

2.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)  

Company’s consolidated balance sheets, as the ultimate payment of such awards will not be achieved through use of the 
Company’s cash or other assets.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue includes insurance commissions, fees for services rendered, certain commissions receivable from insurance carriers, 
investment income and other income.

Brokerage income and fees negotiated in lieu of brokerage are recognized at the later of the policy inception date or when the 
policy placement is complete. Commissions on additional premiums and adjustments are recognized when approved by or 
agreed between the parties and collectability is reasonably assured.

Fees for risk management and other services are recognized as the services are provided. Consideration for negotiated fee 
arrangements for an agreed period covering multiple insurance placements, the provision of risk management and/or other 
services are allocated to all deliverables on the basis of their relative selling prices. The Company establishes contract 
cancellation reserves where appropriate.  At December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, such amounts were not material.

Investment income is recognized as earned.

Other income comprises gains on disposal of intangible assets, which primarily arise from settlements through enforcing non-
compete agreements in the event of losing accounts through producer defection or the disposal of books of business. 

3.

EMPLOYEES

The average number of persons, including Executive Directors, employed by Legacy Willis is as follows:

Total average number of employees for the year

Salaries and benefits expense comprises the following:

Salaries and other compensation

Share-based compensation

Severance costs

Social security costs

Retirement benefits — defined benefit plan income

Retirement benefits — defined contribution plan expense

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

19,300

18,200

17,900

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

$

2,101

$

2,069

$

1,953

64

7

150
(78)
62

52

8

147
(17)
55

42

32

135
(4)
49

Total salaries and benefits expense

$

2,306

$

2,314

$

2,207

Severance Costs

Severance costs that have arisen in the normal course of business amounted to $7 million in the year ended December 31, 2015 
(2014: $8 million; 2013: $4 million). 

During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company incurred additional salaries and benefits costs of $29 million of which 
$28 million related to severance costs, in relation to an Expense Reduction Initiative in the first quarter. These costs related to 
207 positions that were eliminated.

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4.

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

On December 31, 2015, the Company had a number of open share-based compensation plans, which provide for the grant of 
time-based options and performance-based options, time-based restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock 
units, and various other share-based grants to employees. All of the Company’s share-based compensation plans under which 
any options, restricted stock units or other share-based grants are outstanding as at December 31, 2015 are described below. The 
compensation cost that has been recognized for those plans for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $64 million (2014: $52 
million; 2013: $42 million). The total income tax benefit recognized in the statement of operations for share-based 
compensation arrangements for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $15 million (2014: $12 million; 2013: $9 million).

2012 Equity Incentive Plan

This plan, which was established on April 25, 2012, provides for the granting of incentive stock options, time-based or performance-
based non-statutory stock options, share appreciation rights, restricted shares, time-based or performance-based restricted share 
units (‘RSUs’), performance-based awards and other share-based grants or any combination thereof (collectively referred to as 
‘Awards’) to employees, officers, directors and consultants (‘Eligible Individuals’) of the Company. The Board of Directors also 
adopted a sub-plan under the 2012 plan to provide an employee sharesave scheme in the United Kingdom.

There were approximately 23 million shares available for grant under this plan. Options are exercisable on a variety of dates, 
including from the second, third, fourth or fifth anniversary of grant. Unless terminated sooner by the Board of Directors, the 
2012 Plan will expire 10 years after the date of its adoption. That termination will not affect the validity of any grants 
outstanding at that date.

2008 Share Purchase and Option Plan

This plan, which was established on April 23, 2008, provides for the granting of time and performance-based options, restricted 
stock units and various other share-based grants at fair market value to employees of the Company. The 2008 plan was 
terminated as at April 25, 2012 and no further grants will be made under this plan. Any shares available for grant under the 
2008 plan were included in the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan availability.

Options are exercisable on a variety of dates, including from the third, fourth or fifth anniversary of grant. 

Employee Stock Purchase Plans

The Company adopted the Willis Group Holdings 2001 North America Employee Share Purchase Plan, which expired on 
May 31, 2011 and the Willis Group Holdings 2010 North America Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which expires on May 31, 
2020. These plans provide certain eligible employees in the United States and Canada the ability to contribute payroll 
deductions to the purchase of Willis Group Holdings plc shares at the end of each offering period.

Option Valuation Assumptions

The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model that uses the 
assumptions noted in the following table. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The 
Company uses the simplified method set out in Accounting Standard Codification (‘ASC’) 718-10-S99 to derive the expected 
term of options granted as it does not have sufficient historical exercise data to provide a reasonable basis upon which to 
estimate the expected term. The risk-free rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the US Treasury 
yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

Expected volatility

Expected dividends

Expected life (years)

Risk-free interest rate

110   willistowerswatson.com

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

17.4%

2.7%

4

1.5%

18.7%

2.8%

4

1.3%

24.7%

2.6%

4

1.5%

110

 
 
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4.    SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued)  

Notes to the financial statements

A summary of option activity under the plans at December 31, 2015, and changes during the year then ended is presented 
below:

(Options in thousands)

Time-based stock options

Balance, beginning of year

Granted

Exercised

Forfeited

Expired

Balance, end of year

Options vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2015

Options exercisable at December 31, 2015

Performance-based stock options

Balance, beginning of year

Exercised

Forfeited

Balance, end of year

Options vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2015

Options exercisable at December 31, 2015

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price(i)

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual

Term

Options (ii)

Aggregate
Intrinsic

Value

(millions)

2,145

299

$

$

(623) $

(178) $

(45) $

1,598

1,476

935

1,384

$

$

$

$

(717) $

(50) $

617

617

615

$

$

$

99.19

116.85

95.13

105.59

87.78

103.62

103.18

97.45

89.49

89.94

91.67

88.65

88.64

88.58

6 years

6 years

6 years

4 years

4 years

4 years

$

$

$

$

$

$

40

38

29

25

25

25

_________________________________
(i) 

Certain options are exercisable in pounds sterling and are converted to dollars using the exchange rate at December 31, 2015.

(ii)  The number of options outstanding and other per share data have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split on January 4, 2016. See Note 

31 - Subsequent Events for further details.

The weighted average grant-date fair value of time-based options granted during the year ended December 31, 2015 was $14.77 
(2014: $14.12; 2013: $20.50). The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2015 was $17 
million (2014: $22 million; 2013: $32 million). At December 31, 2015 there was $8 million of total unrecognized compensation 
cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements under time-based stock option plans; that cost is expected to 
be recognized over a weighted average period of 2 years.

There were no performance-based options granted during the three years ended December 31, 2015, December 31, 2014 or 
December 31, 2013. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2015 was $25 million 
(2014: $15 million; 2013: $14 million). At December 31, 2015 there was less than $1 million of total unrecognized 
compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation arrangements under performance-based stock option plans; 
that cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1 year.

111

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Willis Towers Watson plc

  4.    SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) 

A summary of restricted stock unit activity under the Plans at December 31, 2015, and changes during the year then ended is 
presented below:

(Units awarded in thousands)

Nonvested shares (restricted stock units)

Balance, beginning of year

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Balance, end of year

Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

Shares (i)

1,319

$

628

(471)

(148)

1,328

$

109.54

118.63

102.40

110.00

116.32

_________________________________
(i)  The number of nonvested shares outstanding and other per share data have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split on January 4, 2016. 

See Note 31 - Subsequent Events for further details.

The total number of restricted stock units vested during the year ended December 31, 2015 was 471,212 shares at an average 
share price of $117.74 (2014: 323,746 shares at an average share price of $116.79; 2013: 329,811 shares at an average price of 
$108.87). At December 31, 2015 there was $111 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-
based compensation arrangements under the plan; that cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2 
years.

Cash received from option exercises under all share-based payment arrangements for the year ended December 31, 2015 was 
$124 million (2014: $134 million; 2013: $155 million). The actual tax benefit recognized for the tax deductions from option 
exercises of the share-based payment arrangements totaled $25 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 (2014: $20 
million; 2013: $28 million).

5. RESTRUCTURING COSTS

In April 2014, the Company announced a multi-year operational improvement program designed to strengthen the Company’s 
client service capabilities and to deliver future cost savings (hereinafter referred to as the Operational Improvement Program). 
The main elements of the program, which is expected to be completed by the end of 2017, include the following:

•  movement of more than 3,500 Legacy Willis support roles from higher cost locations to Legacy Willis facilities in 

lower cost locations, bringing the ratio of employees in higher cost versus lower cost near-shore and off-shore centers 
from approximately 80:20 to approximately 60:40;

• 

• 

net workforce reductions in support positions;

lease consolidation in real estate and reductions in ratios of seats per employee and square footage of floor space per 
employee; and

• 

information technology systems simplification and rationalization.

The Company recognized restructuring costs of $126 million in the year ended December 31, 2015, related to its Operational 
Improvement Program (2014: $36 million).

112   willistowerswatson.com

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5.    RESTRUCTURING COSTS (Continued) 

An analysis of the cost for restructuring recognized in the statement of operations in the year ended December 31, 2015 and 
December 31, 2014, by segment, are as follows:

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis North
America

Willis
International

Willis GB

Willis Capital,
Wholesale &
Reinsurance

Corporate &
other

Total

Termination benefits

Professional services and other

Total

$

$

8

23

31

$

$

8

18

26

$

$

(millions)

10

17

27

$

$

7

2

9

$

$

3

30

33

$

$

36

90

126

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis North
America

Willis
International

Willis GB

Willis Capital,
Wholesale &
Reinsurance

Corporate &
other

Total

Termination benefits

Professional services and other

Total

$

$

3

—

3

$

$

3

2

5

$

$

(millions)

9

1

10

$

$

1

—

1

$

$

— $

17

17

$

16

20

36

An analysis of the total cumulative restructuring costs recognized for the Operational Improvement Program from 
commencement to December 31, 2015 by segment is as follows:

Willis North
America

Willis
International

Willis GB

Willis Capital,
Wholesale &
Reinsurance

Corporate &
other

Total

2014

Termination benefits

Professional services and other

2015

Termination benefits

Professional services and other

Total

Termination benefits

Professional services and other

Total

$

$

$

$

3

—

8

23

11

23

34

$

$

$

$

3

2

8

18

11

20

31

$

$

$

$

(millions)

9

1

10

17

19

18

37

$

$

$

$

1

—

7

2

8

2

10

$

$

$

$

— $

17

3

30

3

47

50

$

$

$

16

20

36

90

52

110

162

113

2015 Annual Report   113   

 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

5.    RESTRUCTURING COSTS (Continued) 

At December 31, 2015, the Company’s liability under the Operational Improvement Program is as follows:

Balance at January 1, 2014

Charges incurred

Cash payments

Balance at December 31, 2014

Charges incurred

Cash payments

Balance at December 31, 2015

6. AUDITORS’ REMUNERATION

An analysis of auditors’ remuneration is as follows:

Audit of group consolidated financial statements
Other assurance services
Other non-audit services

Total auditors’ remuneration

7. OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET

Other income (expense), net consists of the following:

Gain on disposal of operations
Gain on remeasurement of interest in associates (i)
Impact of Venezuelan currency devaluation (ii)
Foreign exchange gain

Other income (expense), net

Termination
Benefits

Professional
Services and
other

(millions)

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

— $

— $

16
(11)
5

36
(26)
15

$

$

20
(14)
6

90
(85)
11

$

$

—

36
(25)
11

126
(111)
26

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

6
3
1
10

$

$

5
2
1
8

$

$

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

25

$

12

$

59
(30)
1

—
(14)
8

55

$

6

$

4
3
1
8

2

—

—

20

22

(i) 

Prior to the acquisition date, the Company accounted for its 30% interest in Gras Savoye as an equity-method investment. The acquisition-date fair value 
of the previously held equity interest was $158 million and is included in the measurement of the consideration transferred. The Company recognized a 
gain of $59 million as a result of remeasuring its prior equity interest in Gras Savoye held before the business combination. 

(ii)  On December 31,  2015 the Company began using the SIMADI rate for the Venezuelan Bolivar (approximately Venezuelan bolivars 198.7 = US dollar 

1)  instead of the SICAD I auction rate (approximately Venezuelan bolivars 13.5 = US dollar 1) to translate on Venezuelan retail operations.

114   willistowerswatson.com

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8.

INCOME TAXES

Notes to the financial statements

An analysis of income before income taxes and interest in earnings of associates by location of the taxing jurisdiction is as 
follows:

Ireland

United States

United Kingdom

Other jurisdictions

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

$

(61) $
(67)
65

403

(65) $
92

154

337

(52)
(11)
282

280

Income before income taxes and interest in earnings of associates

$

340

$

518

$

499

The provision for income taxes by location of the taxing jurisdiction consisted of the following:

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

Current income taxes:

US federal tax

US state and local taxes

UK corporation tax

Other jurisdictions

Total current taxes

Deferred taxes:

US federal tax

US state and local taxes

Effect of US valuation allowance

UK corporation tax

Other jurisdictions

Total deferred taxes

Total income taxes

$

$

14

1

—

51

66

(22)
(3)
(91)
14

3
(99)
(33) $

$

(16) $
7

29

73

93

30

10

5

24
(3)
66

7

3

28

45

83

10

1

2

17

9

39

159

$

122

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Willis Towers Watson plc

8. INCOME TAXES (Continued)

The reconciliation between US federal income taxes at the statutory rate and the Company’s provision for income taxes is as 
follows:

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

(millions, except percentages)

Income before income taxes and interest in earnings of associates

$

340

$

518

$

499

US federal statutory income tax rate

Income tax expense at US federal tax rate

Adjustments to derive effective rate:

Non-deductible expenditure

Non-deductible acquisition costs

Tax impact of internal restructurings

Movement in provision for unrecognized tax benefits

Disposal of non-qualifying goodwill

Gain on remeasurement of equity interests

Impact of change in tax rate on deferred tax balances

Adjustment in respect of prior periods

Non-deductible Venezuelan foreign exchange loss

Effect of foreign exchange and other differences

Changes in valuation allowances applied to deferred tax assets

Adjustments to eliminate the net tax effect of intra-group items

Tax differentials of foreign earnings and US state taxes:

Foreign jurisdictions

US state taxes and local taxes

Income tax (benefit) expense

35%

119

35%

181

35%

175

32

9

—
(3)
3
(20)
(5)
(1)
11
(1)
(104)
(30)

(42)
(1)
(33)

$

21

—

—

1

11

—

—
(2)
5
(4)
7
(30)

(48)
17

$

159

$

19

—

11
(1)
—

—
(4)
1

—

1

—
(30)

(54)
4

122

Willis Towers Watson plc is a non-trading holding company tax resident in Ireland where it is taxed at the statutory rate of 25%. 
The provision for income tax on continuing operations has been reconciled above to the US federal statutory tax rate of 35% 
due to significant operations in the US. 

116   willistowerswatson.com

116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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8. INCOME TAXES (Continued)

Notes to the financial statements

The significant components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities and their balance sheet classifications are as follows:

Deferred tax assets:

Accrued expenses not currently deductible

US state net operating losses

UK net operating losses

Other net operating losses

UK capital losses

Accrued retirement benefits

Deferred compensation

Stock options

Financial derivative transactions

Gross deferred tax assets

Less: valuation allowance

Net deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Cost of intangible assets, net of related amortization

Cost of tangible assets, net of related amortization

Prepaid retirement benefits

Accrued revenue not currently taxable

Deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liabilities

Balance sheet classifications:

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Net non-current deferred tax liabilities (i)

Net deferred tax liabilities

December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

$

175

$

133

82

5

28

33

109

34

16

4

486
(187)
299

289

32

111

31

$

$

463
(164) $

76

1

12

39

109

34

22

—

426
(280)
146

149

38

62

25

274
(128)

December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

$

76
(240)
(164)
(164) $

19
(147)
(128)
(128)

$

$

$

$

$

_________________________________
(i)  As described in Note 2, following retrospective application of ASU 2015-17 ‘Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes’, all deferred tax liabilities and assets are now classified as non-

current in the balance sheet. 2014 balances within ‘Net deferred tax liabilities’ have been reclassified accordingly.

At December 31, 2015, the Company had valuation allowances of $187 million (2014: $280 million) to reduce its deferred tax 
assets to estimated realizable value. The valuation allowances at December 31, 2015, relate to deferred tax assets arising from 
UK capital loss carryforwards ($33 million) and other net operating losses ($6 million), which have no expiration date, and to 
the deferred tax assets in the United States ($148 million). 

Included within US deferred tax assets are assets of $82 million in respect of US state net operating losses. These losses will 
expire as follows: $13 million from 2016 to 2019, $15 million from 2020 to 2024 and $54 million from 2025 to 2035. Capital 
loss carryforwards can only be offset against future UK capital gains.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

8. INCOME TAXES (Continued)

Description

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Balance at
beginning of 
year

Additions/
(releases)
charged to
costs and 
expenses

Other
movements

(millions)

Foreign
exchange 
differences

Balance
at
end of year

Deferred tax valuation allowance

$

280

$

(95) $

2

$

— $

187

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Deferred tax valuation allowance

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Deferred tax valuation allowance

196

221

17

15

67

(40)

—

—

280

196

The amount charged to tax expense in the table above differs from the effect of $(104) million disclosed in the rate 
reconciliation primarily because the movement in this table includes effects of state taxes, which are disclosed separately in the 
rate reconciliation. The impact of Other movements is primarily recorded in other comprehensive income. 

At December 31, 2015 the Company had deferred tax assets of $299 million (2014: $146 million), net of the valuation 
allowance. Management believes, based upon the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income, it 
is more likely than not that the Company will realize the benefits of these deductible differences, net of the valuation allowance. 
However, the amount of the deferred tax asset considered realizable could be adjusted in the future if estimates of taxable 
income are revised.

The Company recognizes deferred tax balances related to the undistributed earnings of subsidiaries when the Company expects 
that it will recover those undistributed earnings in a taxable manner, such as through receipt of dividends or sale of the 
investments. The Company does not, however, provide for income taxes on the unremitted earnings of certain other subsidiaries 
where, in management’s opinion, such earnings have been indefinitely reinvested in those operations, or will be remitted either 
in a tax free liquidation or as dividends with taxes substantially offset by foreign tax credits. It is not practical to determine the 
amount of unrecognized deferred tax liabilities for temporary differences related to these investments.

Unrecognized tax benefits

Total unrecognized tax benefits as at December 31, 2015, totaled $22 million. During the next 12 months the Company does not 
expect a significant increase or decrease to the unrecognized tax benefits due to either settlement through negotiation or closure 
of the statute of limitations on assessment.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

Balance at January 1

Reductions due to a lapse of the applicable statute of limitation
Increases for positions taken in current period
Decreases for positions taken in prior periods
Other movements
Balance at December 31

2015

2014
(millions)

2013

$

$

19
—
3
(6)
6
22

$

$

41
—
5
(26)
(1)
19

$

$

37
(5)
9
—
—
41

$22 million of the unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2015 would, if recognized, favorably affect the effective tax rate 
in future periods.

The Company files tax returns in the various tax jurisdictions in which it operates. US tax returns have been filed timely. 
Although tax years 2008 and 2009 are closed, the IRS could make adjustments (but not assess additional tax) up to the amount 
of the net operating losses carried forward from those years. 

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8. INCOME TAXES (Continued)

Notes to the financial statements

All UK tax returns have been filed timely and are in the normal process of being reviewed, by HM Revenue & Customs. There 
are no material ongoing inquiries in relation to filed UK returns. In other tax jurisdictions the Company is currently not subject 
to any examinations for any year prior to 2004.

9.

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson by the average 
number of shares outstanding during each period. The computation of diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution 
that could occur if dilutive securities and other contracts to issue shares were exercised or converted into shares or resulted in 
the issue of shares that then shared in the net income of the Company.

In periods where losses are reported the weighted average shares outstanding excludes potentially issuable shares described 
above, because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, time-based and performance-based options to purchase 1.6 million and 0.6 million 
shares (2014: 2.1 million and 1.4 million; 2013: 3.0 million and 2.0 million), respectively, and 1.3 million restricted stock units 
(2014: 1.3 million; 2013: 1.1 million) were outstanding.

Basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

(millions, except per share data)

$

$

373

Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson
Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding (i)
Dilutive effect of potentially issuable shares (i)
Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding (i)
Basic earnings per share:
Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson shareholders (i)
Dilutive effect of potentially issuable shares (i)
Diluted earnings per share:
Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson shareholders (i)
_________________________________
(i)  The number of shares outstanding and per share data have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split on January 4, 2016. See Note 31 - 

5.40
(0.08)

5.49
(0.08)

5.41

5.32

362

68

68

69

67

$

1

$

$

$

$

1

$

$

365

66

2

68

5.37

5.53
(0.16)

Subsequent Events for further details.

Options to purchase 0.6 million shares and 0.5 million restricted stock units for the year ended December 31, 2015, were not 
included in the computation of the dilutive effect of stock options because the effect was antidilutive (2014: 0.9 million shares 
and 0.6 million restricted stock units; 2013: 0.8 million shares and 0.5 million restricted stock units).

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10. ACQUISITIONS

During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 we made the following acquisitions in line with our strategy to invest in 
targeted acquisitions with a focus on earnings accretion, competitive position, and fit.

Gras Savoye

On December 29, 2015, the Company completed the transaction to acquire the remaining 70% of the outstanding share capital 
of Gras Savoye, the leading insurance broker in France, for total consideration of €544 million ($592 million) of which, $582 
million was paid in cash.  Additionally, the previously held equity interest in Gras Savoye was remeasured to a fair value of 
€221 million ($241 million) giving a total fair value on a 100% basis of €765 million ($833 million). The resulting 
remeasurement gain on the previously held equity interest was €54 million ($59 million) and has been recorded in Other 
income (expense), net, in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

The union combines the Company’s global insurance broking footprint with Gras Savoye’s particularly strong presence in 
France, Central and Eastern Europe, and across Africa. Gras Savoye’s expertise in high-growth markets and industry sectors 
complements the Company’s global strengths, creating value for clients and carriers.

The Company funded the cash consideration with a one year term loan. The amount outstanding as of December 31, 2015 was 
$592 million and is included in the line item Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt on the consolidated balance 
sheets.

Deferred consideration is payable on the first and second anniversary of the acquisition. The discounted fair value of the 
deferred consideration is $10 million.  None of the goodwill recognized on the transaction is tax deductible.   

The following table presents the Company’s preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed based on their fair values:

Cash and cash equivalents

Fiduciary assets

Accounts receivable, net

Goodwill

Intangible assets

Other assets

Fiduciary liabilities

Deferred revenue and accrued expenses

Short and long-term debt

Net deferred tax liabilities

Other liabilities

Net assets acquired

Decrease in paid in capital for purchase of non controlling interest

Non controlling interest acquired

Preliminary purchase price allocation

$

December 29, 2015

(millions)

88

625

95

573

445

55
(625)
(76)
(80)
(89)
(188)
823

50
(40)
833

The purchase price allocation as of the date of acquisition was based on a preliminary valuation and is subject to revision within 
the purchase price allocation period as more detailed analysis is completed and additional information about the value of assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed become available.  Given the short time-frame between the acquisition date and balance sheet 
date, all aspects of the initial purchase price allocation may be subject to revision within the purchase price allocation period.

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Notes to the financial statements

10.    ACQUISITIONS (Continued)  

The acquired intangible assets are attributable to the following categories:

Customer relationships

Software and other intangibles

Trade name

In line with underlying cashflows

Straight line basis

Straight line basis

$

$

332

79

34

445

Amortization basis

millions

Expected
life (years)

20

5

14

Supplemental Disclosure of Pro Forma Information

The following unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations have been prepared as if the acquisition of Gras Savoye 
occurred at January 1, 2014:

Revenues

Operating income

Income before income taxes and interest in earnings of associates

Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson

Earnings per share - Basic

Earnings per share - Diluted

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

$

$

$

$

$

$

4,264

459

362

371

5.46

5.38

$

$

$

$

$

$

4,308

659

520

339

5.06

4.99

The unaudited pro forma financial information above reflects certain pro forma adjustments.  Significant adjustments are as 
follows:

i.  Amortization of intangible assets is based on the fair value of intangibles determined on acquisition, assuming the 

transaction had closed on January 1, 2014 .

ii. 

Interest costs on debt positions which were repaid on acquisition have been removed and replaced with an estimated 
incremental annual cost of borrowings taken to finance the acquisition.

iii.  Rent costs are adjusted to fair value at the acquisition date and adjustments made for existing lease commitments.

iv.  An estimated adjustment was made to the income tax expense reflective of other adjustments made.

The pro forma information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that 
actually would have been consummated as of that time, nor is it intended to be indicative of future results.

Miller Insurance Services LLP

On May 31, 2015, the Company completed the transaction to acquire an 85 percent interest in Miller Insurance Services LLP 
and its subsidiaries (‘Miller’), a leading London wholesale specialist insurance broking firm, for total consideration of $401 
million including cash consideration of $232 million.

Deferred consideration is payable at the end of the first, second and third anniversary of the acquisition. Contingent 
consideration is payable at the end of the third anniversary of the acquisition and is contingent on meeting EBITDA 
performance targets. The discounted fair value of the deferred and contingent consideration, based on best estimates, is $124 
million and $29 million respectively.  

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10.    ACQUISITIONS (Continued)  

As part of the transaction, selected broking activities were transferred between existing Willis Towers Watson businesses and 
Miller and vice-versa. The transaction combined businesses of both WTW and Miller creating a platform for future growth and 
added further strength and depth to the Company’s client proposition.

The Company recognized assets and liabilities acquired of $1,122 million and $844 million respectively. Included within the 
acquired assets are intangible assets of $231 million of which $217 million relates to client relationships with a weighted 
average useful economic life of 14 years and $14 million relates to trade names with a useful economic life of 15 years.  

Goodwill of $184 million was recognized on the transaction and is not included in the assets acquired figure above. The amount 
of goodwill that was tax deductible was $22 million.

The purchase price allocation as of the date of acquisition was based on a preliminary valuation and is subject to revision as 
more detailed analysis is completed and additional information about the value of assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and 
contingent consideration become available.

Other acquisitions

On April 1, 2015, the Company acquired 100 percent of the share capital of Carsa Consultores, Agente de Seguros y de Fianzas 
de CV and its group companies (‘Carsa’), a leading insurance broker in Mexico.  The Company paid initial cash consideration 
on closing and additional contingent consideration is payable after three years depending on future revenue achieved from the 
acquired businesses.

On May 31, 2015, the Company acquired the trade and assets of Evolution Benefits Consulting, Inc. (‘Evolution’), a human 
capital practice in Pennsylvania. The Company paid initial cash consideration on closing and additional contingent 
consideration is payable in three years and is contingent on the future revenue growth of the acquired business.

On August 7, 2015, the Company completed the transaction to acquire 100 percent interest in Elite Risk Services, Taiwan for 
cash consideration paid on closing.

On August 19, 2015, the Company completed the transaction to acquire 100 percent interest in CKA Risk Solutions, Australia.  
The Company paid initial cash consideration on closing.  Further deferred consideration is payable at the end of the first, 
second and third anniversary of the acquisition. Contingent consideration is payable at the end of the third anniversary of the 
acquisition and is contingent on specified performance targets for revenue growth over the three years prior.

On October 1, 2015, the Company completed the transaction to acquire 100 percent interest in Sparsam, Sweden. The Company 
paid initial cash consideration on closing. Further contingent consideration is payable at the end of the third anniversary of the 
acquisition and is contingent on specified performance targets for revenue growth over the three years prior to October 2018.

On October 7, 2015, the Company completed the transaction to acquire 100 percent interest in PMI Group, UK (Private 
Medicine Intermediaries). Cash consideration was paid on closing. There is no deferred or contingent consideration.

On October 29, 2015 the Company completed the transaction to acquire the remaining percentage of Miller do Brasil, bringing 
its ownership to 100%. The Company paid initial cash consideration on closing and deferred consideration is due after 18 
months.

In aggregate, total consideration for these other acquisitions was approximately $188 million representing:

• 

• 

initial cash and other consideration paid on closing of $163 million; and

discounted deferred and contingent consideration, based on best estimates, of $25 million.

In aggregate, the Company recognized assets and liabilities acquired of $115 million and $35 million, respectively.  Included 
within the acquired assets are intangible assets relating to client relationships and other intangibles of $82 million with a 
weighted average useful economic life of 14 years.

Goodwill in aggregate of $108 million was recognized on these other transactions based on the preliminary purchase price 
allocations. 

122   willistowerswatson.com

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Notes to the financial statements

10.    ACQUISITIONS (Continued)  

The aggregate costs incurred and recognized within other operating expenses relating to all acquisitions for the year ended 
December 31, 2015 and 2014 were $84 million (2014: $7 million).

The amount of revenue and earnings, for all the acquisitions discussed above, included in the Company’s consolidated income 
statement for the year ended December 31, 2015, was $99 million and $3 million respectively.

Supplemental pro forma results of operations have not been presented for Miller individually, or for all of the other acquisitions 
described above in aggregate, because the effects were not material to consolidated results of operations.

2014 acquisitions

On May 26, 2014, the Company acquired 100 percent of Charles Monat Limited and its subsidiaries, a life insurance solutions 
adviser to high net worth clients based in Hong Kong, for cash consideration of $59 million.

Additional consideration estimated at $29 million is payable in annual installments over the next 5 years, based on a multiple of 
EBITDA of the entities acquired, during the period from May 25, 2014 until September 2, 2019. This consideration was 
assessed to have a fair value of $12 million at the date of acquisition.

On acquisition the Company recognized acquired intangible assets of $35 million of which $27 million was in respect of client 
relationships, which are being amortized over an expected life of 11 years. The remaining $8 million of intangible assets relate 
to carrier relationships and trade names and are both being amortized over 5 years.

Goodwill of $31 million was recognized on the transaction.

On October 8, 2014, the Company acquired 75.8 percent of Max Matthiessen Holding AB and subsidiaries, a leading employee 
benefits adviser in Sweden, for cash consideration of $204 million. There is no deferred or contingent consideration.

On acquisition the Company recognized acquired intangible assets of $134 million of which $56 million was in relation to 
client relationships and $76 million was in relation to fund management contracts, which are being amortized over 12 years and 
18 years respectively. The remaining $2 million of intangible assets relate to the Max Matthiessen trade name and is being 
amortized over 4 years.

Goodwill of $139 million was recognized on the transaction.

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11. FIXED ASSETS, NET

An analysis of fixed asset activity for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

Land and
buildings (i)

Leasehold
improvements

Furniture and
equipment

Total

Cost: at January 1, 2014

Additions
Disposals
Foreign exchange

Cost: at December 31, 2014

Additions
Acquisitions
Disposals
Foreign exchange

Cost: at December 31, 2015

Depreciation: at January 1, 2014

Depreciation expense provided
Disposals
Foreign exchange

Depreciation: at December 31, 2014
Depreciation expense provided
Disposals
Foreign exchange

Depreciation: at December 31, 2015
Net book value:
At December 31, 2014

At December 31, 2015

$

$

$

$

$

$

89
7
—
(3)
93
—
5
—
(3)
95

$

$

(36) $
(4)
—
2
(38)
(4)
—
1
(41) $

55

54

$

$

$

(millions)
242
25
(12)
(10)
245
27
26
(16)
(10)
272

$

(87) $
(20)
10
4
(93)
(19)
14
4
(94) $

152

178

$

$

618
84
(29)
(31)
642
119
26
(31)
(32)
724

$

$

(345) $
(68)
28
19
(366)
(72)
28
17
(393) $

276

331

$

$

949
116
(41)
(44)
980
146
57
(47)
(45)
1,091

(468)
(92)
38
25
(497)
(95)
42
22
(528)

483

563

_________________________________
(i) 

Included within land and buildings are assets held under capital leases: At December 31, 2015, cost and accumulated depreciation were $32 million and 
$10 million respectively (2014: $32 million and $8 million, respectively; 2013: $31 million and $6 million respectively). Depreciation in the year ended 
December 31, 2015 was $2 million (2014: $2 million; 2013: $2 million).

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12. GOODWILL

Notes to the financial statements

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of businesses acquired over the fair value of identifiable net assets at the dates of 
acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized but is subject to impairment testing annually and whenever facts or circumstances 
indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable.

At December 31, 2015, the Company was organized into four reporting units which are consistent with its operating segments: 
Willis GB, Willis CWR, Willis North America and Willis International - see Note 26 - ‘Segment Information’ for detailed 
descriptions of the segments. Goodwill is allocated to these reporting units based on the original purchase price allocation for 
acquisitions within the reporting units. When a business entity is sold, goodwill is allocated to the entity disposed of based on 
the relative fair value of that entity compared with the fair value of the reporting unit in which it is included. 

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, are as 
follows:

Balance at January 1, 2014

Goodwill, gross
Accumulated impairment losses
Goodwill, net

Purchase price allocation adjustments
Goodwill acquired during the year
Goodwill disposed of during the year
Foreign exchange
Balance at December 31, 2014

Goodwill, gross
Accumulated impairment losses
Goodwill, net

Purchase price allocation adjustments
Goodwill acquired during the year
Goodwill disposed of during the year
Foreign exchange
Balance at December 31, 2015

Goodwill, gross
Accumulated impairment losses
Goodwill, net

Impairment Review

Willis GB

Willis CWR

Willis North
America

Willis
International

Total

(millions)

$

$

$

555
—
555
3
—
—
(3)

555
—
555
—
25
(2)
(6)

572
—
572

$

$

$

851
—
851
—
5
—
(4)

852
—
852
—
184
(1)
(10)

1,025
—
1,025

$

$

$

$

$

1,557
(492)
1,065
3
—
(48)
—

1,512
(492)
1,020
—
11
(10)
(1)

367
—
367
7
179
—
(43)

510
—
510
1
645
—
(36)

1,512
(492)
1,020

$

1,120
—
1,120

$

$

$

3,330
(492)
2,838
13
184
(48)
(50)

3,429
(492)
2,937
1
865
(13)
(53)

4,229
(492)
3,737

The Company reviews goodwill for impairment annually, or whenever events of circumstances indicate impairment may have 
occurred. In the first step of the impairment test, the fair value of each reporting unit is compared with its carrying value, 
including goodwill. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the amount of an impairment loss, if any, is 
calculated in the second step of the impairment test by comparing the implied fair value of reporting unit goodwill with the 
carrying amount of that goodwill. The Company’s goodwill impairment test for 2015 has not resulted in an impairment charge.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

13. OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Other intangible assets are classified into the following categories:

•  Client relationships
•  Management contracts
•  Other, including:
• 
• 
• 

non-compete agreements
trade names
contract based, technology and other

The major classes of amortizable intangible assets are as follows:

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Gross 
carrying
amount

Accumulated
amortization

Net carrying
amount

Gross 
carrying
amount

Accumulated
amortization

Net carrying
amount

Client relationships

Management contracts

Other

Total amortizable intangible assets

Unfavorable leases agreements

$

$

Total amortizable intangible liabilities $

1,293

$

67

139

1,499

23

23

$

$

(373) $
(5)
(6)
(384) $
—

— $

(millions)

920

$

62

133

1,115

23

23

$

$

689

$

71

11

771

$

—

— $

(316) $
(1)
(4)
(321) $
—

— $

373

70

7

450

—

—

The aggregate amortization of intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $76 million (2014: $54 million; 
2013: $55 million). The estimated aggregate amortization of intangible assets for each of the next five years ended December 
31 and thereafter is as follows:

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Thereafter

Total

(millions)

119

111

105

98

92

590

1,115

$

$

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14. OTHER ASSETS

An analysis of other assets is as follows:

Other current assets

Prepayments and accrued income

Income taxes receivable
Other receivables (i)
Total other current assets

Other non-current assets

Prepayments and accrued income

Deferred compensation plan assets

Accounts receivable, net

Other investments
Other receivables (i)

Total other non-current assets

Total other assets

Notes to the financial statements

December 31,

2015

2014 (i)

(millions)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

86

64

105

255

23

102

30

29

25

209

464

$

$

81

30

101

212

14

92

29

29

46

210

422

_________________________________
(i)  As described in Note 2, following retrospective application of ASU 2015-03, ‘Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs’, debt issuance costs 

related to a recognised debt liability are now reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the face amount of that liability. 2014 balances have 
been reclassified accordingly.

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15. OTHER LIABILITIES

An analysis of other liabilities is as follows:

Other current liabilities

Accounts payable

Other taxes payable
Incentives from lessors (i)
Contingent or deferred consideration on acquisition

Derivative liability

Other payables

Total other current liabilities

Other non-current liabilities
Incentives from lessors (ii)
Deferred compensation plan liability

Contingent or deferred consideration on acquisition

Income taxes payable

Derivative liability

Other payables

Total other non-current liabilities

Total other liabilities

December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

$

180

$

131

59

20

68

31

200

558

175

102

156

20

27

53

$

$

533

1,091

$

$

$

$

$

$

44

13

8

12

236

444

171

92

26

15

9

76

389

833

_________________________________
(i)  Current portion of Incentives from lessors line includes $3 million of Unfavorable leases acquired as part of the Gras Savoye acquisition which has been 

disclosed in the Other intangible assets, net note. 

(ii)  Non-current portion of Incentives from lessors line includes $20 million of Unfavorable leases acquired as part of the Gras Savoye acquisition which has 

been disclosed in the Other intangible assets, net note.   

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Notes to the financial statements

16. ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS

Accounts receivable are stated at estimated net realizable values. The allowances shown below as at the end of each period, are 
recorded as the amounts considered by management to be sufficient to meet probable future losses related to uncollectible 
accounts.

Description

Balance at
beginning of 
year

Additions
charged to
costs and 
expenses

Charges to
other
accounts -
Acquisitions

Deductions
/ Other 
movements

Foreign
exchange 
differences

Balance at
end of year

(millions)

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Allowance for doubtful accounts

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Allowance for doubtful accounts

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Allowance for doubtful accounts

$

$

$

17. PENSION PLANS

12

13

14

$

$

$

5

4

3

$

$

$

11

$

(7) $

— $

(6) $

1

1

$

$

— $

(4) $

— $

22

12

13

At December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis maintained two principal defined benefit pension plans that covered approximately one 
third of the Legacy Willis employees in the United States and United Kingdom. Both of these plans are now closed to new 
entrants and with effect from May 15, 2009, the US defined benefit plan was closed to future accrual. New employees in the 
United Kingdom are offered the opportunity to join a defined contribution plan and in the United States are offered the 
opportunity to join a 401(k) plan. In addition to the Legacy Willis UK and US defined benefit pension plans, Legacy Willis has 
several smaller defined benefit pension plans in certain other countries in which it operates including a US non-qualified plan 
and an unfunded plan in the UK. Elsewhere, pension benefits are typically provided through defined contribution plans. It is the 
Legacy Willis’s policy to fund pension costs as required by applicable laws and regulations.

At December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis recorded, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, the following:

• 

a pension benefit asset of $623 million (2014: $314 million) representing:

• 

• 

$617 million (2014: $314 million) in respect of the UK defined benefit pension plan; and 

$6 million (2014: $nil) in respect of international defined benefit pension plans.

• 

a total liability for pension benefits of $279 million (2014: $284 million) representing:

• 

• 

$213 million (2014: $245 million) in respect of the US defined benefit pension plan; and

$66 million (2014: $39 million) in respect of the international, US non-qualified and UK unfunded defined 
benefit pension plans.

129

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Willis Towers Watson plc

17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

UK and US defined benefit plans

The following schedules provide information concerning the Legacy Willis UK and US defined benefit pension plans as of and 
for the years ended December 31:

UK Pension Benefits

US Pension Benefits

2015

2014

2015

2014

(millions)

Change in benefit obligation:

Benefit obligation, beginning of year

$

3,084

$

2,785

$

1,051

$

Service cost

Interest cost

Employee contributions

Actuarial (gain) loss

Curtailment loss (gain)

Benefits paid

Foreign currency changes

Plan amendments

Benefit obligations, end of year

Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year

Actual return on plan assets

Employee contributions

Employer contributions

Benefits paid

Foreign currency changes

Fair value of plan assets, end of year

Funded status at end of year

Components on the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Pension benefits asset

Liability for pension benefits

$

$

32

102

1
(77)
13
(98)
(165)
(215)
2,677

3,398

82

1

103
(98)
(192)
3,294

617

617

—

$

$

41

121

2

390
(2)
(85)
(168)
—

3,084

3,061

520

2

91
(85)
(191)
3,398

314

314

—

—

40

—
(91)
—
(38)
—

—

962

806
(19)
—

—
(38)
—

$

$

749
(213) $

— $

(213)

864

—

40

—

183

—
(36)
—

—

1,051

757

65

—

20
(36)
—

806
(245)

—
(245)

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, consist of:

Net actuarial loss

Prior service gain

UK Pension Benefits

US Pension Benefits

2015

2014

2015

2014

$

$

793
(196)

(millions)

$

809
(20)

373

$

—

399

—

The accumulated benefit obligations for the Legacy Willis UK and US defined benefit pension plans were $2,677 million and 
$962 million, respectively (2014: $3,017 million and $1,051 million, respectively).

130   willistowerswatson.com

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17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

The components of the net periodic benefit income and other amounts recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss for the 
UK and US defined benefit plans are as follows:

Notes to the financial statements

Years ended December 31,

UK Pension Benefits

US Pension Benefits

2015

2014

2013

2015

2014

2013

(millions)

Components of net periodic benefit income:

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Amortization of unrecognized prior service gain

Amortization of unrecognized actuarial loss

Curtailment gain

Net periodic benefit income

Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations

recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss:

Net actuarial loss (gain)

Amortization of unrecognized actuarial loss

Prior service gain

Amortization of unrecognized prior service gain

Curtailment loss (gain)

Total recognized in other comprehensive (income)

loss

Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other

comprehensive (income) loss

$

$

$

$

$

32

$

41

$

37

$

— $

— $

102
(222)
(18)
36
(5)
(75) $

121
(213)
(4)
42

109
(191)
(5)
45

40
(57)
—

11

40
(54)
—

6

—
(13) $

—
(5) $

—
(6) $

—
(8) $

—

38
(51)
—

9

—
(4)

63

$

83

$

15

$

(15) $

172

$

(90)

(36)
(215)
18

18

(42)
—

4
(2)

(45)
—

5

—

(11)
—

—

—

(6)
—

—

—

(9)
—

—

—

(152) $

(227) $

43

30

$

$

(25) $

(26) $

166

(30) $

(32) $

158

$

$

(99)

(103)

On March 6, 2015, Legacy Willis announced to members of the UK defined benefit pension plan that with effect from June 30,
2015, future salary increases would not be pensionable (the ‘salary freeze’). Legacy Willis recognized the salary freeze as a 
plan amendment at the announcement date. The impact of the salary freeze is to reduce the plan’s projected benefit obligation 
by approximately $215 million and create a prior service credit which is recognized in other comprehensive income and then
amortized to the statement of operations over the remaining expected service life of active employees.

The estimated net loss and prior service cost for the UK and US defined benefit plans that will be amortized from accumulated 
other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year are:

Estimated net loss

Prior service loss

UK Pension
Benefits

US Pension
Benefits

$

(millions)

$

46
(21)

11

—

131

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Willis Towers Watson plc

17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

The following schedule provides other information concerning the Legacy Willis UK and US defined benefit pension plans:

Weighted-average assumptions to determine benefit obligations:

Discount rate

Rate of compensation increase

Weighted-average assumptions to determine net periodic benefit
cost:

Discount rate
Expected return on plan assets (i)
Rate of compensation increase

Years ended December 31,

UK Pension Benefits

US Pension Benefits

2015

2014

2015

2014

3.8%

3.3%

3.6%

6.5%

2.9%

3.6%

2.9%

4.4%

7.0%

3.2%

4.2%

N/A

3.9%

7.3%

N/A

3.9%

N/A

4.8%

7.3%

N/A

_________________________________
(i)  As part of the salary freeze negotiations with the Scheme Trustee, Legacy Willis agreed to the UK plan Trustee’s de-risking strategy which will lead to a 

strategic target asset allocation with a greater weighting to fixed income assets.  Consequently, with effect from March 6, 2015, the expected return on 
assets assumption was reduced by 50 basis points from 7.00% to 6.50%.

The expected return on plan assets was determined on the basis of the weighted-average of the expected future returns of the 
various asset classes, using the target allocations shown below. The expected returns on UK plan assets are: UK and foreign 
equities 8.75 percent, debt securities 4.30 percent, hedge funds 8.43 percent and real estate 6.53 percent. The expected returns 
on US plan assets are: US and foreign equities 11.0 percent and debt securities 3.5 percent.

Legacy Willis’ pension plan asset allocations based on fair values were as follows:

Asset Category

Equity securities

Debt securities

Hedge funds

Real estate

Cash

Other

Total

Years ended December 31,

UK Pension Benefits

US Pension Benefits

2015

2014

2015

2014

36%

42%

14%

4%

4%

—%

100%

34%

45%

14%

3%

4%

—%

100%

50%

48%

—%

—%

—%

2%

48%

49%

—%

—%

—%

3%

100%

100%

In the United Kingdom, the pension trustees, in consultation with Legacy Willis, maintain a diversified asset portfolio and this 
together with contributions made by Legacy Willis is expected to meet the pension scheme’s liabilities as they become due. The 
UK plan’s assets are divided into 12 separate portfolios according to asset class and managed by 9 investment managers. The 
broad target allocations are UK and foreign equities (32.5 percent), debt securities (50 percent) and diversifying assets (17.5 
percent). In the United States, the Legacy Willis investment policy is to maintain a diversified asset portfolio, which together 
with contributions made by it is expected to meet the pension scheme’s liabilities as they become due. The US plan’s assets are 
currently invested in 18 funds representing most standard equity and debt security classes. The broad target allocations are US 
and foreign equities (50 percent) and debt securities (50 percent).

132   willistowerswatson.com

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17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

Fair Value Hierarchy

Notes to the financial statements

The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the reliability of the inputs used to determine fair value:

•  Level 1: refers to fair values determined based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets;

•  Level 2: refers to fair values estimated using observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are 

corroborated by market data; and

•  Level 3: includes fair values estimated using unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

The following tables present, at December 31, 2015 and 2014, for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, Legacy Willis’ UK 
pension plan assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

December 31, 2015

Equity securities:

US equities

UK equities

Other equities

Fixed income securities:

UK Government bonds

Other Government bonds

UK corporate bonds

Other corporate bonds

Derivatives

Real estate

Cash and cash equivalents

Other investments:

Hedge funds

Other

Total

UK Pension Plan

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(millions)

$

152

$

— $

$

491

232

14

832

4

—

107

—

—

149

—

—

$

1,829

$

17

287

—

1

120

18

195

—

2

—
(20)
772

—

—

—

90

—

—

—

146

—

457

—

$

693

$

643

249

301

832

95

120

125

195

146

151

457
(20)
3,294

133

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Willis Towers Watson plc

17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

December 31, 2014

Equity securities:

US equities

UK equities

Other equities

Fixed income securities:

US Government bonds

UK Government bonds

Other Government bonds

UK corporate bonds

Other corporate bonds
Derivatives

Real estate

Cash and cash equivalents

Other investments:

Hedge funds

Other

Total

UK Pension Plan

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(millions)

$

185

$

— $

$

565

234

26

81

783

3

—

113
—

—

124

—

—

$

1,929

$

15

124

2

6

3

103

33
293

—

13

—
(18)
759

—

—

—

—

99

—

—
—

124

—

487

—

$

710

$

750

249

150

83

789

105

103

146
293

124

137

487
(18)
3,398

The UK plan’s real estate investment comprises UK property and infrastructure investments which are valued by the fund 
manager taking into account cost, independent appraisals and market based comparable data. The UK plan’s hedge fund 
investments are primarily invested in various ‘fund of funds’ and are valued based on net asset values calculated by the fund 
and are not publicly available. Liquidity is typically monthly and is subject to liquidity of the underlying funds. The UK plan’s 
Other Government Bonds investments are primarily invested in investment-grade emerging and developed market government 
bonds. Funds are valued on a net asset value basis, with the underlying bond instruments being valued using bid-side, clean 
pricing from approved pricing vendors. Prices are not publicly available.

The following tables present, at December 31, 2015 and 2014, for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, Legacy Willis’ US 
pension plan assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

December 31, 2015

Equity securities:

US equities

Non US equities

Fixed income securities:

US Government bonds

US corporate bonds

International fixed income securities

Municipal & Non US government bonds

Other investments:

Mortgage backed securities

Other

Total

134   willistowerswatson.com

US Pension Plan

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(millions)

$

110

106

—

—

57

—

—

7

$

113

$

— $

45

67

158

33

29

16

8

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

$

280

$

469

$

— $

134

223

151

67

158

90

29

16

15

749

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

December 31, 2014

Equity securities:

US equities

Non US equities

Fixed income securities:

US Government bonds

US corporate bonds

International fixed income securities

Municipal & Non US government bonds

Other investments:

Mortgage backed securities
Other

Total

Equity securities comprise:

Notes to the financial statements

US Pension Plan

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(millions)

$

115

110

—

—

59

—

—
20

$

117

$

— $

44

72

171

42

32

16
8

—

—

—

—

—

—
—

$

304

$

502

$

— $

232

154

72

171

101

32

16
28

806

• 

• 

ordinary shares and preferred shares which are valued using quoted market prices; and

pooled investment vehicles which are valued at their net asset values as calculated by the investment manager and 
typically have daily or weekly liquidity.

Fixed income securities comprise US, UK and other Government Treasury Bills, loan stock, index linked loan stock and UK 
and other corporate bonds which are typically valued using quoted market prices. Certain of these investments are classified as 
Level 2 investments on the basis that the assets are valued at their net asset values calculated by the investment manager and 
liquidity is not daily.

Level 3 investments

As a result of the inherent limitations related to the valuations of the Level 3 investments, due to the unobservable inputs of the 
underlying funds, the estimated fair value may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a market for 
those investments existed.

The following table summarizes the changes in the UK pension plan’s Level 3 assets for the years ended December 31, 2015 
and 2014:

Balance at January 1, 2014

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net

Unrealized and realized gains relating to instruments still held at end of year

Foreign exchange

Balance at December 31, 2014

Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net

Unrealized and realized gains relating to instruments still held at end of year

Foreign exchange

Balance at December 31, 2015

UK Pension

Plan

Level 3

(millions)

$

$

$

669

40

24
(23)
710

14
(7)
(24)
693

135

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17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

In 2016, Legacy Willis expects to make contributions to the UK plan of approximately $83 million and $nil to the US plan. In 
addition, approximately $9 million will be paid in 2016 into the UK defined benefit plan related to employee’s salary sacrifice 
contributions.

The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are estimated to be paid by the UK and 
US defined benefit pension plans:

Expected future benefit payments

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020
2021-2025

UK Pension
Benefits

US Pension
Benefits

(millions)

83

89

93

94

97
549

43

46

48

51

53
289

Legacy Willis North America has a 401(k) plan covering all eligible employees of Legacy Willis North America and its 
subsidiaries. The plan allows participants to make pre-tax contributions which Legacy Willis, at its discretion may match. All 
investment assets of the plan are held in a trust account administered by independent trustees. The Legacy Willis 401(k) 
matching contributions for 2015 were $16 million (2014: $15 million; 2013: $15 million), matching contributions were 
increased 1 percent during 2013.

Other defined benefit pension plans

In addition to the Legacy Willis UK and US defined benefit pension plans, it has several smaller defined benefit pension plans 
in certain other countries in which it operates together with a non-qualified defined benefit pension plan in the United States 
and an unfunded defined benefit pension plan in the United Kingdom.

For disclosure purposes these smaller additional US and UK plans are combined with its other defined benefit pension plans in 
the tables below. 

In total, a $60 million net pension benefit liability (2014: $39 million) has been recognized in respect of these other schemes.

136   willistowerswatson.com

136

 
Table of Contents

17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

The following schedules provide information concerning Legacy Willis’ international, US non-qualified and UK unfunded 
defined benefit pension plans:

Notes to the financial statements

Change in benefit obligation:

Benefit obligation, beginning of year

Service cost

Interest cost

Actuarial (gain) loss

Benefits paid

Settlement
Transfers in (i)
Foreign currency changes

Benefit obligations, end of year

Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year

Actual return on plan assets

Employer contributions

Benefits paid
Transfers in (ii)
Foreign currency changes

Fair value of plan assets, end of year

Funded status at end of year

Components on the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

Pension benefits asset

Liability for pension benefits

_________________________________

Other defined benefit plans

2015

2014

(millions)

$

210

$

195

4

9
(26)
(12)
(1)
248
(30)
402

171
(5)
15
(12)
202
(29)
342
(60) $

$

6
(66)

3

7

38
(9)
—

—
(24)
210

168

25

11
(9)
—
(24)
171
(39)

—
(39)

$

$

(i)  Represents the transfer in of $224 million and $24 million of benefit obligation as a result of acquiring Miller Insurance Services LLP and Gras Savoye.

(ii)  Represents the transfer in of $202 million of plan assets as a result of acquiring Miller Insurance Services LLP.

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of a net actuarial loss of $27 million (2014: $42 million).

The accumulated benefit obligation for the Legacy Willis’ other defined benefit pension plans was $390 million (2014: $203 
million).

137

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17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

The components of the net periodic benefit cost and other amounts recognized in other comprehensive loss for the other defined 
benefit pension plans are as follows:

Components of net periodic benefit cost:

Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of unrecognized actuarial loss

Net periodic benefit cost
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other

comprehensive (income) loss:
Amortization of unrecognized actuarial loss
Net actuarial (gain) loss

Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive (income)

loss

Other defined benefit plans

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

$

$

$

$

4
9
(11)
1
3

(1) $
(10)
(11)

$

3
7
(6)
—
4

— $
19
19

(8) $

23

$

3
7
(6)
1
5

(1)
(8)
(9)

(4)

The estimated net loss for the other defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive 
loss into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year is $1 million.

The following schedule provides other information concerning Legacy Willis’ other defined benefit pension plans:

Weighted-average assumptions to determine benefit obligations:

Discount rate
Rate of compensation increase

Weighted-average assumptions to determine net periodic benefit cost:

Discount rate
Expected return on plan assets
Rate of compensation increase

Other defined benefit plans

2015

2014

2.00% - 3.85%
2.00% - 3.50%

2.00% - 3.60%
2.00% - 3.50%

2.00% - 3.60%
2.00% - 6.40%
2.00% - 3.50%

3.30% - 4.40%
2.00% - 4.66%
2.00% - 2.50%

The determination of the expected long-term rate of return on the other defined benefit plan assets is dependent upon the 
specific circumstances of each individual plan. The assessment may include analyzing historical investment performance, 
investment community forecasts and current market conditions to develop expected returns for each asset class used by the 
plans.

Legacy Willis’ other defined benefit pension plan asset allocations at December 31, 2015 based on fair values were as follows:

Asset Category

Equity securities

Debt securities

Real estate

Derivatives

Other

Total

138   willistowerswatson.com

138

Other defined benefit plans

2015

2014

32%

50%

2%

6%

10%

100%

24%

40%

3%

13%

20%

100%

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Notes to the financial statements

17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

The investment policies for the international plans vary by jurisdiction but are typically established by the local pension plan 
trustees, where applicable, and seek to maintain the plans’ ability to meet liabilities of the plans as they fall due and to comply 
with local minimum funding requirements.

Fair Value Hierarchy

The following tables present, at December 31, 2015 and 2014, for each of the fair value hierarchy levels, Legacy Willis’ other 
defined benefit pension plan assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

December 31, 2015

Equity securities:

US equities

UK equities

Overseas equities

Fixed income securities:

Other Government bonds

Corporate bonds

Derivative instruments

Real estate

Cash

Other investments:

Other investments

Total

December 31, 2014

Equity securities:

US equities

UK equities

Overseas equities
Fixed income securities:

Other Government bonds

Corporate bonds

Derivative instruments

Real estate

Cash

Other investments:

Other investments

Total

Other defined benefit plans

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(millions)

$

— $

$

$

26

4

22

56

4

—

—

1

—

12

16

29

66

50

20

—

3

—

$

113

$

196

$

—

—

—

—

—

5

—

28

33

$

Other defined benefit plans

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(millions)

$

— $

— $

$

18

4

18

65

4

—

—

11

14

$

134

$

—

—

—

—

23

—

—

—

23

$

—

—

—

—

—

6

—

8

14

38

20

51

122

54

20

5

4

28

342

18

4

18

65

4

23

6

11

22

171

$

139

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Willis Towers Watson plc

17.    PENSION PLANS (Continued)  

Equity securities comprise:

• 

• 

ordinary shares which are valued using quoted market prices; and

pooled investment vehicles which are valued at their net asset values as calculated by the investment manager and 
typically have daily or weekly liquidity.

Fixed income securities comprise overseas and UK Government bonds, index linked loan stock and UK and other corporate 
bonds which are typically valued using quoted market prices. Certain of these investments are classified as Level 2 investments 
on the basis that the assets are valued at their net asset values calculated by the investment manager and liquidity is not daily.

Real estate investment comprises overseas property and infrastructure investments which are valued by fund managers taking 
into account cost, independent appraisals and market based comparable data. 

Level 3 investments, other than $23 million acquired from Miller Insurance Services LLP, did not materially change during the 
year ended December 31, 2015.

In 2016, Legacy Willis expects to contribute $14 million to its other defined benefit pension plans.

The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are estimated to be paid by the other 
defined benefit pension plans:

Expected future benefit payments

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021-2025

Other defined
benefit plans

(millions)

$

10

10

11

12

13

75

140   willistowerswatson.com

140

 
Table of Contents

18. DEBT

Notes to the financial statements

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt consists of the following:

3-year term loan facility expires 2015

1-year term loan facility matures 2016

Current portion of 7-year term loan facility expires 2018

5.625% senior notes due 2015

Fair value adjustment on 5.625% senior notes due 2015

4.125% senior notes due 2016

Short-term borrowing under bank overdraft arrangement

December 31,

2015

2014 (i)

$

(millions)

— $

587

22

—

—

300

79

$

988

$

1

—

17

148

1

—

—

167

(i)  As described in Note 2, following retrospective application of ASU 2015-03, ‘Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs’, debt issuance costs 

related to a recognized debt liability are now reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the face amount of that liability. 2014 balances have 
been reclassified accordingly.

Long-term debt consists of the following:

7-year term loan facility expires 2018

Revolving $800 million credit facility

4.125% senior notes due 2016

6.200% senior notes due 2017

7.000% senior notes due 2019

5.750% senior notes due 2021

4.625% senior notes due 2023

6.125% senior notes due 2043

$

December 31,

2015

2014 (i)

(millions)

$

218

467

—

394

186

495

247

271

240

—

299

393

186

494

247

271

$

2,278

$

2,130

(i)  As described in Note 2, following retrospective application of ASU 2015-03, ‘Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs’, debt issuance costs 

related to a recognized debt liability are now reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the face amount of that liability. 2014 balances have 
been reclassified accordingly.

Guarantees

All direct obligations under the 5.625%, 6.200% and 7.000% senior notes are guaranteed by Willis Towers Watson, Willis 
Netherlands B.V., Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited and Willis Group 
Limited. 

All direct obligations under the 4.625% and 6.125% senior notes are guaranteed by Willis Towers Watson, Willis Netherlands 
Holdings B.V., Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, Willis North America Inc. and Willis Group Limited. 

All direct obligations under the 4.125% and 5.750% senior notes are guaranteed by Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis 
Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, Willis North America Inc. and Willis Group 
Limited. 

141

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18.    DEBT (Continued) 

$800 million revolving credit facility

On July 23, 2013, Legacy Willis entered into an amendment to its existing credit facilities to extend both the amount of 
financing and the maturity date of the facilities. As a result of this amendment, the revolving credit facility was increased from 
$500 million to $800 million. The maturity date on both the revolving credit facility and the $300 million term loan was 
extended to July 23, 2018, from December 16, 2016, respectively. At the amendment date, Legacy Willis owed $281 million on 
the term loan and there was no change to this amount as a result of the refinancing.  On February 27, 2015, Trinity Acquisition 
Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis Towers Watson plc, entered into an amendment to the $800 million revolving 
credit facility permitting Willis Securities, Inc. (‘WSI’), another wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis Towers Watson, to incur up 
to $400 million of indebtedness under this facility for the purpose of investing in certain underwritten securities in the ordinary 
course of WSI’s business. Drawings under the $800 million revolving credit facility bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 
1.25% to 2.00% based upon the Company’s guaranteed senior unsecured long-term debt. A 1.50% margin applies while the 
Company’s debt rating remains BBB-/Baa3. As of December 31, 2015, $467 million was outstanding under this revolving 
credit facility (December 31, 2014: $nil).

7-year term loan facility

The 7-year term loan facility expiring 2018 bears interest at LIBOR plus 1.50% and is repayable in quarterly installments and a 
final repayment of $186 million is due in the third quarter of 2018. In 2015, Legacy Willis made $17 million of mandatory 
repayments against this 7-year term loan (2014: $15 million).

1-year term loan facility

On November 20, 2015, Legacy Willis entered into a 1-year term loan facility.  The 1-year term loan has two tranches: one of 
€550 million, of which €544 million ($592 million) has been utilized, and the other of $400 million which was not utilized at 
December 31, 2015.  The €550 million tranche was used to finance the acquisition of Gras Savoye and the $400 million tranche 
was drawn on January 4, 2016 (i.e. after the balance sheet date) and used to re-finance debt held by Legacy Towers Watson 
which became due on acquisition (refer to Note 31, Subsequent Events for further details).  The term loan facility matures one 
year following the first date that either tranche of term loans is made, which will be on December 19, 2016. Advances under the 
credit facility bear interest at a rate equal to, for Eurocurrency Rate Loans in US dollars, LIBOR or EURIBOR,  plus an 
applicable margin of 1.25% to 2.00%, based upon the Company’s guaranteed, senior-unsecured long term debt rating. A 1.50% 
margin applies while the Company’s debt rating remains BBB-/Baa3. The amount outstanding as of December 31, 2015 was 
$592 million and is included in the current portion of long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheets. $592 million 
outstanding amount is gross of $5 million debt fees related to the 1-year term loan facility. 

WSI revolving credit facility

On March 3, 2014, WSI entered into a $300 million revolving note and cash subordination agreement available for drawing 
from March 3, 2014 through March 3, 2015.  The aggregate unpaid principal amount of all advances is repayable on or before 
March 3, 2016.

On April 28, 2014, WSI. entered into an amendment to the $300 million revolving note and cash subordination
agreement to increase the amount of financing and to extend both the end date of the original credit period and the original
repayment date. As a result of this amendment, the revolving credit facility was increased from $300 million to $400 million.
The end date of the credit period was extended to April 28, 2015 from March 3, 2015 and the repayment date was extended to
April 28, 2016 from March 3, 2016. 

On February 27, 2015, WSI entered into a second amendment to the revolving note and cash subordination agreement. This 
amendment included all of the following: (i) the end date of the credit period was extended to April 28, 2016 and the repayment 
date was extended to April 28, 2017; (ii) WSI was permitted to incur up to $400 million in indebtedness under the $800 million 
revolving credit facility held by Trinity Acquisition Limited, and (iii) WSI now has the ability to borrow in Euro, Japanese yen 
and other approved currencies subject to a reserve for foreign currency fluctuation. 

Proceeds under the credit facility will be used for regulatory capital purposes related to securities underwriting only, which will
allow WSI to meet or exceed capital requirements of regulatory agencies, self-regulatory agencies and their clearing
houses, including the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. Advances under the credit facility bear interest at a rate

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  18.    DEBT (Continued)  

Notes to the financial statements

equal to LIBOR plus a margin of 1.50% to 2.25%, plus 1.00%, plus 0.5% to 1.25%, in each case, based upon the Company’s 
guaranteed senior-unsecured long-term debt rating. A margin of 1.75% applies while the Company’s debt rating remains BBB-/
Baa3.

As of December 31, 2015 $nil was outstanding under this credit facility (December 31, 2014: $nil).

The agreements relating to Legacy Willis’ 7-year term loan facility expiring 2018, the revolving credit facility, and the 1-year 
term loan facility expiring 2016 contain requirements not to exceed certain levels of consolidated funded indebtedness in 
relation to consolidated EBITDA and to maintain a minimum level of consolidated EBITDA to consolidated cash interest 
expense, subject to certain adjustments. In addition, the agreements relating to Legacy Willis’ credit facilities and senior notes 
include, in the aggregate, covenants relating to the delivery of financial statements, reports and notices, limitations on liens, 
limitations on sales and other disposals of assets, limitations on indebtedness and other liabilities, limitations on sale and 
leaseback transactions, limitations on mergers and other fundamental changes, maintenance of property, maintenance of 
insurance, nature of business, compliance with applicable laws, maintenance of corporate existence and rights, payment of 
taxes and access to information and properties. At December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis was in compliance with all financial 
covenants.

Senior Notes

On August 15, 2013, Legacy Willis issued $250 million of 4.625% senior notes due 2023 and $275 million of 6.125% senior notes 
due 2043. The effective interest rates of these senior notes are 4.696% and 6.154%, respectively, which include the impact of the 
discount upon issuance. 

On July 25, 2013, Legacy Willis commenced an offer to purchase for cash any and all of its 5.625% senior notes due 2015 and a 
portion of its 6.200% senior notes due 2017 and its 7.000% senior notes due 2019 for an aggregate purchase price of up to $525 
million. On August 22, 2013, the proceeds from the issue of the senior notes due 2023 and 2043 were used to fund the purchase 
of $202 million of 5.625% senior notes due 2015, $206 million of 6.200% senior notes due 2017 and $113 million of 7.000% 
senior notes due 2019. 

Legacy Willis incurred total losses on extinguishment of debt of $60 million during the year ended December 31, 2013.  This was 
made up of a tender premium of $65 million, the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs of $2 million and a credit for the 
reduction of the fair value adjustment on 5.625% senior notes due 2015 of $7 million.

Lines of credit

The Company also has available $2 million (2014: $3 million) in lines of credit, of which $1 million was drawn as of 
December 31, 2015 (2014: $1 million).

Short term borrowings under bank overdraft arrangement

On December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis consolidated $79 million under a bank overdraft arrangement undertaken by Gras 
Savoye. This borrowing had been entered into by Gras Savoye in the ordinary course of its insurance broking operations and 
was repaid on January 11, 2016.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

18.    DEBT (Continued) 

Analysis of interest expense

The following table shows an analysis of the interest expense for the years ended December 31:

5.625% senior notes due 2015
4.125% senior notes due 2016
6.200% senior notes due 2017
7.000% senior notes due 2019
5.750% senior notes due 2021
4.625% senior notes due 2023
6.125% senior notes due 2043
7-year term loan facility expires 2018
Revolving $800 million credit facility
WSI revolving credit facility
Other (i)

Total interest expense

Year ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

$

$

5
13
25
14
30
11
16
5
6
2
15
142

$

$

8
13
25
14
30
11
16
5
3
4
6
135

$

$

12
13
33
18
29
4
6
6
2
—
3
126

_________________________________
(i)  Other interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2015 includes an $11 million unwind of the discount on contingent and deferred consideration 
(2014: $3 million, 2013:$nil ).

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19. PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES

An analysis of movements on provisions for liabilities is as follows:

Notes to the financial statements

Balance at January 1, 2014

Net provisions made during the year
Balances transferred in during the year (iii)
Utilized in the year
Foreign currency translation adjustment

Balance at December 31, 2014

Net provisions made during the year (iv)
Balances from acquisitions during the year
Utilized in the year
Foreign currency translation adjustment

Balance at December 31, 2015

Claims,
lawsuits and
other
proceedings(i)

Other
provisions(ii)
(millions)

Total

$

$

$

164
19
—
(31)
(4)
148
82
6
(27)
(4)
205

$

$

$

42
5
5
(3)
(3)
46
3
58
(15)
(2)
90

$

$

$

206
24
5
(34)
(7)
194
85
64
(42)
(6)
295

_________________________________
(i)  The claims, lawsuits and other proceedings provision includes E&O cases which represents management’s assessment of liabilities that may arise from 

asserted and unasserted claims for alleged errors and omissions that arise in the ordinary course of the Group’s business. Where some of the potential 
liability is recoverable under the Group’s external insurance arrangements, the full assessment of the liability is included in the provision with the 
associated insurance recovery shown separately as an asset. 

(ii)  The ‘Other’ category includes amounts that principally relate to post placement service provisions, property and employee-related provisions. 
(iii)  Provisions held in the UK for dilapidation on UK properties all previously recognized within Deferred Revenue and Accrued Expenses were transferred to 

Provisions for Liabilities during 2014.

(iv)  In light of our review of facts and circumstances relating to ongoing non-ordinary course litigation arising out of Legacy Willis’ operations, particularly the 
Stanford Financial Group litigation matters discussed under “Legal Proceedings” in this 10-K report (which are non-ordinary course litigation matters), we 
added $70 million to our provisions for loss contingencies relating to the Stanford litigation.  In conducting such a review, we take into account a variety of 
factors in accordance with applicable accounting standards. The ultimate resolution of these matters may differ from the amount provided for.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

20. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company’s contractual obligations as at December 31, 2015 are presented below:

Obligations

Total

2016

2017-2018

2019-2020

After 2020

Payments due by

7-year term loan facility expires 2018

1-year term loan facility expires 2016

Interest on term loan

Revolving $800 million credit facility and commitment fees

Revolving $400 million credit facility commitment fees

4.125% senior notes due 2016

6.200% senior notes due 2017

7.000% senior notes due 2019

5.750% senior notes due 2021
4.625% senior notes due 2023

6.125% senior notes due 2043

Interest on senior notes

$

242

592

18

472

1

300

394

187
500
250

275

784

(millions)

$

23

$

219

$

— $

592

12

2

1

300

—

—
—

—

—

97

—

6

470

—

—

394

—
—

—

—

146

—

—

—

—

—

—

187
—

—

—

124

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—
500

250

275

417

4,015

1,027

Total debt and related interest
Operating leases (i)
Pensions (ii)
Acquisition liabilities
Other contractual obligations (iii)
Total contractual obligations (iv) (v)
_________________________________
(i)  Presented gross of sublease income.
(ii)  Excludes any potential ‘funding level’ contributions given these are dependent on future funding level assessments.
(iii)  Other contractual obligations include capital lease commitments, put option obligations and investment fund capital call obligations, the timing of which 

$ 1,811

$ 6,010

$ 1,354

1,324

1,235

174

220

311

150

637

224

250

141

273

14

88

19

88

97

88

70

4

$

$ 2,208

1,442

713

—

53

—

are included at the earliest point they may fall due.

(iv)  The above excludes $22 million of liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits as the Company is unable to reasonably predict the timing of settlement of these 

liabilities. 

(v)  The above excludes $79 million of short-term borrowings incurred by Gras Savoye in the ordinary course of its business. These borrowings were repaid on 

January 11, 2016. 

Debt obligations and facilities

The Company’s debt and related interest obligations at December 31, 2015 are shown in the above table.

Mandatory repayments of debt over the next 12 months include expiration of the 1-year term loan facility expiring December, 
2016, maturity of the 4.125% senior notes due March, 2016 and the scheduled repayment of the current portion of the 
Company’s 7-year term loan. The Company also has the right, at its option, to prepay indebtedness under the credit facility 
without further penalty and to redeem the senior notes by paying a ‘make-whole’ premium as provided under the applicable 
debt instrument.

Operating leases

The Company leases certain land, buildings and equipment under various operating lease arrangements. Original non-
cancellable lease terms typically are between 10 and 20 years and may contain escalation clauses, along with options that 
permit early withdrawal. The total amount of the minimum rent is expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

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  20.    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued) 

As of December 31, 2015, the aggregate future minimum rental commitments under all non-cancellable operating lease 
agreements are as follows:

Notes to the financial statements

2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Thereafter
Total

Gross rental
commitments

Rentals from
subleases

Net rental
commitments

(millions)

$

$

141
127
123
117
103
713
1,324

$

$

(19) $
(19)
(14)
(12)
(12)
(37)
(113) $

122
108
109
105
91
676
1,211

The Company leases its main London building under a 25-year operating lease, which expires in 2032. The Company’s 
contractual obligations in relation to this commitment included in the table above total $562 million (2014: $645 million). 
Annual rentals are $34 million (2014: $36 million) per year and the Company has subleased approximately 44 percent (2014: 
29 percent) of the premises under leases up to 15 years. The amounts receivable from subleases, included in the table above, 
total $100 million (2014: $51 million).

Rent expense amounted to $142 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 (2014: $134 million; 2013: $141 million). The 
Company’s rental income from subleases was $17 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 (2014: $13 million; 2013: $15 
million).

Pensions

Contractual obligations for the Company’s pension plans reflect the contributions the Company expects to make over the next five 
years into the Legacy Willis US, UK and Other defined benefit plans. These contributions are based on current funding positions 
and may increase or decrease dependent on the future performance of the plans.

On December 31, 2015, the Company agreed a revised schedule of contributions towards on-going accrual of benefits and deficit 
funding contributions the Company will make to the UK Plan to the end of 2024.  Based on this agreement, contributions in 2016 
will total approximately $83 million, of which approximately $53 million relates to contributions towards funding the deficit, 
approximately $22 million relates to on-going contributions and approximately $8 million to the final contingent contribution 
following the share buybacks made in 2015. 

Annual deficit funding contributions will reduce to approximately $22 million for 2017 through 2020 although additional ‘funding 
level’ contributions may become payable based on funding level assessments made between December 31, 2017 and 2024.  Such 
annual funding level contributions are capped at approximately $15 million. From 2021 annual deficit funding contributions may 
be ceased, and instead paid into escrow, if the Scheme is ahead of its funding plan. The Company has also agreed to guarantee the 
payments under the plan in a standard Pension Protection Fund format.

An additional amount of approximately $9 million will be paid annually into the UK defined benefit plan related to employee’s 
salary sacrifice contributions.

The total contracted contributions for all plans in 2016 are expected to be approximately $97 million, excluding approximately 
$9 million in respect of the salary sacrifice contributions.

Guarantees

Guarantees issued by certain of Willis Towers Watson’s subsidiaries with respect to the senior notes and revolving credit 
facilities are discussed in Note 18 — Debt.

Certain of Willis Towers Watson’s subsidiaries have given the landlords of some leasehold properties occupied by the Company 
in the United Kingdom and the United States guarantees in respect of the performance of the lease obligations of the subsidiary 
holding the lease. The operating lease obligations subject to such guarantees amounted to $676 million and $756 million at 

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Willis Towers Watson plc

20.    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued) 

December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The capital lease obligations subject to such guarantees amounted to $10 million as 
at December 31, 2015 (2014: $11 million).

In addition, the Company has given guarantees to bankers and other third parties relating principally to letters of credit 
amounting to $24 million and $20 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Willis Group Holdings also guarantees 
certain of its UK and Irish subsidiaries’ obligations to fund the UK and Irish defined benefit plans.

Acquisition liabilities 

As outlined in Note 10 — Acquisitions, Willis Towers Watson has deferred and contingent consideration due to be paid on 
existing acquisitions until 2020. Most notably the acquisition of Miller Insurance Services LLP in May 2015, for which 
deferred and contingent consideration of $150 million is payable. Other payments include deferred and contingent 
consideration of $16 million in respect of the CKA Risk Solutions acquisition, Gras Savoye, with a deferred consideration of 
$15 million (including assumed liabilities) over 2016 and 2017; and the Charles Monat Group acquired in 2014, with a 
contingent consideration of $15 million payable in installments from 2016 till 2020 on the anniversaries of the acquisition. 

Other contractual obligations

For certain subsidiaries and associates, the Company has the right to purchase shares (a call option) from co-shareholders at 
various dates in the future. In addition, the co-shareholders of certain subsidiaries and associates have the right to sell their 
shares (a put option) to the Company at various dates in the future. Generally, the exercise price of such put options and call 
options is formula-based (using revenues and earnings) and is designed to reflect fair value. Based on current projections of 
profitability and exchange rates and assuming the put options are exercised, the potential amount payable from these options is 
not expected to exceed $88 million (2014: $72 million).

In July 2010, the Company made a capital commitment of $25 million to Trident V Parallel Fund, LP, an investment fund 
managed by Stone Point Capital. This replaced a capital commitment of $25 million that had been made to Trident V, LP in 
December 2009. As at December 31, 2015 there have been approximately $22 million of capital contributions.

In May 2011, the Company made a capital commitment of $10 million to Dowling Capital Partners I, LP. As at December 31, 
2015 there had been approximately $7 million of capital contributions.

Other contractual obligations at December 31, 2015, also include certain capital lease obligations totaling $59 million (2014: 
$64 million), primarily in respect of the Company’s Nashville property.

Claims, Lawsuits and Other Proceedings

In the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to various actual and potential claims, lawsuits, and other
proceedings relating principally to alleged errors and omissions in connection with the placement of insurance and reinsurance.
Similar to other corporations, the Company is also subject to a variety of other claims, including those relating to the
Company’s employment practices. Some of the claims, lawsuits and other proceedings seek damages in amounts which could,
if assessed, be significant.

Errors and omissions claims, lawsuits, and other proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business are covered in part by
professional indemnity or other appropriate insurance. The terms of this insurance vary by policy year. Regarding self-insured 
risks, the Company has established provisions which are believed to be adequate in light of current information and legal 
advice, or, in certain cases, where a range of loss exists, the Company accrues the minimum amount in the range if no amount 
within the range is a better estimate than any other amount.  The Company adjusts such provisions from time to time according 
to developments. These provisions have been recognized in other operating expenses to the extent that losses are deemed 
probable and reasonably estimable or a reasonably possible range of loss exists. Matters that are not probable or reasonably 
estimable have not been provided for and the Company does not believe a reasonably possible range of losses, for these 
matters, can be estimated.

On the basis of current information, the Company does not expect that the actual claims, lawsuits and other proceedings to 
which the Company is subject, or potential claims, lawsuits, and other proceedings relating to matters of which it is aware, will 
ultimately have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.  Nonetheless, 

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Notes to the financial statements

  20.    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued) 

given the large or indeterminate amounts sought in certain of these actions, and the inherent unpredictability of litigation and 
disputes with insurance companies, it is possible that an adverse outcome or settlement in certain matters could, from time to 
time, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or cash flows in particular quarterly or annual 
periods.

The material actual or potential claims, lawsuits, and other proceedings, relating to Legacy Willis, of which the Company is 
currently aware, are as follows:

Stanford Financial Group Litigation

The Company has been named as a defendant in 13 similar lawsuits relating to the collapse of The Stanford Financial Group 
(‘Stanford’), for which Willis of Colorado, Inc. acted as broker of record on certain lines of insurance. The complaints in these 
actions generally allege that the defendants actively and materially aided Stanford’s alleged fraud by providing Stanford with 
certain letters regarding coverage that they knew would be used to help retain or attract actual or prospective Stanford client 
investors. The complaints further allege that these letters, which contain statements about Stanford and the insurance policies 
that the defendants placed for Stanford, contained untruths and omitted material facts and were drafted in this manner to help 
Stanford promote and sell its allegedly fraudulent certificates of deposit. For a detailed description of the litigation related to 
Stanford see Part 1 Item 3 - ‘Legal Proceedings’ of this Form 10-K.

The plantiffs in the lawsuits against the Company seek overlapping damages, representing either the entirety or a portion of the 
total alleged collective losses incurred by investors in Stanford certificates of deposit, notwithstanding the fact that Legacy 
Willis acted as broker of record for only a portion of time that Stanford issued certificates of deposit. Additional actions could 
be brought in the future by other investors in certificates of deposit issued by Stanford and its affiliates seeking some or all of 
the same alleged losses. Given the stage of the proceedings, and notwithstanding the broadest allegation of some plantiffs, the 
Company is currently unable to provide an estimate of the reasonably possible maximum loss or range of loss.  In the fourth 
quarter of 2015, the Company recognised a $70 million litigation provision for loss contingencies relating to the Stanford 
matters based on its ongoing review of a variety of factors as required by accounting standards. The ultimate resolution of these 
matters may differ from the amount provided for. The Company continues to dispute the allegations and to defend itself against 
the lawsuits vigorously.

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Willis Towers Watson plc

21. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX

The components of other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

December 31, 2013

Before
tax
amount

Tax

Net of tax
amount

Before
tax
amount

Net of tax
amount

Before
tax
amount

Tax

Net of tax
amount

Tax

(millions)

$

(133) $

— $

(133) $

(183) $

— $

(183) $

20

$

— $

20

44

(38)

215

48

(18)

(18)

233

—

(38)

4

—

(1)

(35)

65

(11)

6

(43)

(12)

4

3

(53)

—

7

(1)

—

1

7

(46)

33

(32)

172

36

(14)

(15)

180

49

(274)

—

48

(4)

2

(179)

—

(5)

(31)

(31)

3

—

—

(28)

19

16

—

(1)

(21)

(383)

10

—

10

6

(12)

19

—

(8)

1

—

—

1

6

(3)

—

—

4

4

—

37

(255)

—

40

(3)

2

(179)

(15)

83

—

55

(5)

—

118

(4)

(5)

(25)

13

—

(1)

(17)

10

1

19

—

25

(379)

163

6

—

5

2

—

(9)

1

—

(1)

1

(2)

—

(4)

—

(5)

(6)

—

(10)

85

—

46

(4)

—

117

(4)

8

1

15

—

20

157

—

$

75

$

(46) $

29

$

(377) $

4

$

(373) $

163

$

(6) $

157

Other comprehensive income
(loss):

Foreign currency translation
adjustments

Pension funding adjustments:

Foreign currency translation on
pension funding adjustments

Net actuarial (loss) gain

Prior service gain

Amortization of unrecognized
actuarial loss
Amortization of unrecognized prior
service gain

Curtailment (loss) gain

Derivative instruments:

Interest rate reclassification
adjustment

(Loss) gain on forward exchange
contracts (effective element)

Forward exchange contract
reclassification adjustment
Gain on treasury lock (effective
element)

Treasury lock reclassification
adjustment

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Less: Other comprehensive loss
attributable to noncontrolling
interests

Other comprehensive income (loss)
attributable to Willis Towers
Watson

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21.    ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE  INCOMES (LOSS), NET OF TAX  (Continued)
The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, are as follows:

Notes to the financial statements

Balance, December 31, 2012

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income

Net current year other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax and

noncontrolling interests

Balance, December 31, 2013

Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income

Net current year other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax and

noncontrolling interests

Balance, December 31, 2014

Other comprehensive loss (income) before reclassifications

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income

Net current year other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax and

noncontrolling interests

Balance, December 31, 2015

Net foreign
currency
translation
adjustment

Pension
funding
adjustment

Net unrealized
gain on
derivative
instruments

Total

$

(34) $
20

—

20

(millions)

(831) $
75

42

117

$

(14) $

(714) $

$

(177)

—

(177)

(191) $
(123)
—

(123)

(216)

37

(179)

(893) $
158

22

180

$

$

$

15

23
(3)

20

35

(25)

8

(17)

18
(31)
3

(28)

(850)
118

39

157

(693)

(418)

45

(373)

(1,066)
4

25

29

$

(314) $

(713) $

(10) $

(1,037)

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Willis Towers Watson plc

21.    ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX   (Continued) 

Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income into the statement of operations are as follows:

Details about accumulated other comprehensive income components

Gains and losses on cash flow hedges (Note 24)

Interest rate swaps

Foreign exchange contracts

Treasury lock

Tax

Amortization of defined benefit pension items (Note 17)

Prior service gain

Net actuarial loss

Tax

Total reclassifications for the period

Amount reclassified from
accumulated other comprehensive
income

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

(millions)

Affected line item in the statement
of operations

$ — $

4
(1)
3

—
3

$

(18) $
48

30
(8)
22

25

$

$

$

$

$

$

(5) $
16
(1)
10
(2)
8

$

(4) $
48

44
(7)
37

45

$

$

Investment income

(5)
1 Other income (expense), net

— Interest expense
(4) Total before tax
1
(3) Net of tax

(5) Salaries and benefits
55 Salaries and benefits

50 Total before tax
(8)
42 Net of tax

39

22. EQUITY AND NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

The effects on equity of changes in Willis Towers Watsons’ ownership interest in its subsidiaries are as follows:

Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson

Transfers from noncontrolling interest:

Decrease in Willis Towers Watson’s paid-in capital for purchase of

noncontrolling interest

Change from net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson and transfers from

noncontrolling interests

$

$

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

373

$

362

$

365

(53)

—

(4)

320

$

362

$

361

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23. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Supplemental disclosures regarding cash flow information and non-cash flow investing and financing activities are as follows:

Notes to the financial statements

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

91

$

88

$

126

123

61

117

— $

— $

—

—

7

—

3

10

(2)
7

7

2

47

30

1

16

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

Cash payments for income taxes, net

Cash payments for interest

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:

Write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs

Write-back of fair value adjustment on 5.625% senior notes due 2015

Assets acquired under capital leases

Deferred payments on acquisitions of subsidiaries

$

$

Acquisitions:

Fair value of assets acquired

Less:

Liabilities assumed

Cash acquired

Net assets acquired, net of cash acquired

$

2,448

$

296

$

2,014

148

286

$

107

57

$

132

$

24. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

Fair value of derivative financial instruments

In addition to the note below, see Note 25 - Fair Value Measurements for information about the fair value hierarchy of 
derivatives.

Primary risks managed by derivative financial instruments

The main risks managed by derivative financial instruments are interest rate risk and foreign currency risk. The Company’s 
Board of Directors reviews and approves policies for managing each of these risks as summarized below.

The Company enters into derivative transactions (principally interest rate swaps and forward foreign currency contracts) in 
order to manage interest rate and foreign currency risks arising from the Company’s operations and its sources of finance. The 
Company does not hold financial or derivative instruments for trading purposes.

Interest Rate Risk — Investment Income

As a result of the Company’s operating activities, the Company holds Fiduciary funds. The Company earns interest on these 
funds, which is included in the Company’s financial statements as investment income. These funds are regulated in terms of 
access and the instruments in which they may be invested, most of which are short-term in maturity. 

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company, in order to manage interest rate risk arising from these financial 
assets, entered into interest rate swaps to receive a fixed rate of interest and pay a variable rate of interest.  The use of interest 
rate contracts essentially converted groups of short-term variable rate investments to fixed rates.  These derivatives were 
designated as hedging instruments and were for a total notional amount of $300 million. 

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24.    DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued)  

Interest Rate Risk — Interest Expense

The Company’s operations are financed principally by $1,906 million fixed rate senior notes maturing through 2043 (shown 
gross of debt issuance costs) and $240 million under a 7-year term loan facility. The Company has access to (i) $800 million 
under a revolving credit facility expiring July 23, 2018, (ii) $400 million under a revolving credit facility expiring April 28, 
2016 and a repayment date of April 28, 2017, which will be available for regulatory capital purposes related to securities 
underwriting only, and (iii) $22 million under two further revolving credit facilities, of which $20 million is also only available 
for specific regulatory purposes. As of December 31, 2015 $467 million (2014: $nil) was drawn on these facilities. 
Additionally, the Company has access to a 1-year term loan in two tranches of €550 million ($598 million) and $400 million.  
The €550 million tranche was used to finance the acquisition of Gras Savoye and the $400 million tranche was used to re-
finance debt currently held by Legacy Towers Watson & Co which became due on acquisition. As of December 31, 2015 the 
equivalent of €544 million ($592 million) was utilized on the €550 million tranche and the $400 million tranche was not 
utilized.

The interest rates of the fixed rate senior notes, revolving credit facilities and the term loans are detailed in Note 18 — ‘Debt’.

Foreign Currency Risk

The Company’s primary foreign exchange risks arise from:

• 

• 

changes in the exchange rate between US dollars and Pounds sterling as its London market operations earn the majority of 
their revenues in US dollars and incur expenses predominantly in Pounds sterling, and may also hold a significant net 
sterling asset or liability position on the balance sheet. In addition, the London market operations earn significant revenues 
in Euros and Japanese yen; and

from the translation into US dollars of the net income and net assets of its foreign subsidiaries, excluding the London 
market operations which are US dollar denominated.

The foreign exchange risks in its London market operations are hedged to the extent that:

• 

• 

forecast Pound sterling expenses exceed Pound sterling revenues, the Company limits its exposure to this exchange rate 
risk by the use of forward contracts matched to specific, clearly identified cash outflows arising in the ordinary course of 
business; and

the UK operations earn significant revenues in Euros and Japanese yen, the Company limits its exposure to changes in the 
exchange rate between the US dollar and these currencies by the use of forward contracts matched to a percentage of 
forecast cash inflows in specific currencies and periods. In addition, we are also exposed to foreign exchange risk on any 
net sterling asset or liability position in our London market operations.

•  Miller Insurance Services LLP, which is a sterling functional entity, earns significant non-functional currency revenues, the 
Company limits its exposure to exchange rate changes by the use of forward contracts matched to a percentage of forecast 
cash inflows in specific currencies and periods.

The fair value of foreign currency contracts is recorded in other assets and other liabilities. For contracts that qualify as 
accounting hedges, changes in fair value resulting from movements in the spot exchange rate are recorded as a component of 
other comprehensive income whilst changes resulting from a movement in the time value are recorded in interest expense. For 
contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting, the total change in fair value is recorded in other income (expense), net. 
Amounts held in comprehensive income are reclassified into earnings when the hedged exposure affects earnings.

At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company’s foreign currency contracts were predominantly designated as hedging 
instruments, those not designated as hedging instruments include certain Miller Insurance Services LLP foreign currency 
contracts and those relating to short-term cash flows and hedges of certain intercompany loans.

The table below summarizes by major currency the contractual amounts of the Company’s forward contracts to exchange 
foreign currencies for Pounds sterling in the case of US dollars and US dollars for euro and Japanese yen. The forward contracts 
held as of December 31, 2015 range in maturity from 2015 to 2018.  Foreign currency notional amounts are reported in US 
dollars translated at contracted exchange rates.

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24.    DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued)  

Notes to the financial statements

US dollar

Euro

Japanese yen

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

Sell

Fair value

Sell

Fair Value

$

$

$

1,023

202

51

$

$

$

(millions)

(55) $
$
21

3

$

678

186

51

$

$

$

(20)
18

7

The above table includes forward contracts acquired as part of Miller Insurance Services LLP which are not designated as 
hedging instruments.  At December 31, 2015, such contracts had a negative fair value of $3 million.

In addition to forward exchange contracts, the Company undertakes short-term foreign exchange swaps for liquidity purposes. 
These are not designated as hedges and do not qualify for hedge accounting. The fair values at December 31, 2015 and 2014 
were immaterial.

The Company also enters into foreign currency transactions in order to hedge certain intercompany loans. These derivatives 
were not designated as hedging instruments and were for a total notional amount of $532 million (December 31, 2014: $352 
million). In respect of these transactions, an immaterial amount has been recognized as an asset within other current assets and 
an equivalent gain has been recognized in other income (expense), net, for the period.

In addition during the year ended December 31, 2014, in order to hedge the Company’s exposure relating to the purchase price 
consideration for acquiring a 75.8 percent holding in Max Matthiessen AB, the Company entered into a series of forward 
exchange contracts. As a result of these transactions the Company recognized a $14 million expense in other income (expense), 
net, and an equivalent reduction to cash and cash equivalents during 2014.

Derivative financial instruments

The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments and their balance sheet classification 
at December 31:

Derivative financial instruments designated as hedging instruments:

classification

2015

2014

Balance sheet

December 31,

December 31,

Fair value

Assets:

Forward exchange contracts
Interest rate swaps

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

Liabilities:

Forward exchange contracts
Interest rate swaps

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

Other assets
Other assets

Other liabilities
Other liabilities

$

$

$

$

(millions)

25
2
27

53
2
55

$

$

$

$

26
—
26

21
—
21

_________________________________
(i)  The above table does not include the Miller Insurance LLP non-designated forward contracts which had a fair value of negative $3 million.

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24.    DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued)  

Cash Flow Hedges

The table below presents the effects of derivative financial instruments in cash flow hedging relationships on the consolidated 
statements of operations and the consolidated statements of equity for years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:

Amount of
gain (loss)
recognized
in OCI(i)on 
derivative 
(effective 
element)

(millions)

Location of gain (loss)
reclassified from 
accumulated OCI(i) into 
income (effective element)

Amount of
gain (loss)
reclassified
from
accumulated
OCI(i) into
income
(effective 
element)

(millions)

Location of gain (loss)
recognized in income
on derivative (ineffective
hedges and ineffective
element of effective hedges)

— Interest expense

(1)

Interest expense

Derivatives in cash flow hedging
relationships

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Treasury locks

Forward exchange contracts

(38) Other income (expense), net

Total

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Interest rate swaps

Treasury locks

Forward exchange contracts

Total

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Interest rate swaps

Treasury locks

Forward exchange contracts

Total

_________________________________

Amounts above shown gross of tax.
(i)

 OCI means other comprehensive income.

$

$

$

$

$

(38)

— Investment income

— Interest expense

(31) Other income (expense), net

(31)

— Investment income

19

Interest expense

10 Other income (expense), net

29

$

$

$

$

$

Interest expense

4

3

(5) Other income (expense), net

(1)

Interest expense

Interest expense

16

10

(5) Other income (expense), net

— Interest expense

1

Interest expense

(4)

$

$

$

$

$

Amount of
gain (loss)
recognized
in income
on
derivative
(ineffective
hedges and
ineffective
element of
effective
hedges)

(millions)

—

1

1

—

—

(1)

(1)

—

2

1

3

For interest rate swaps all components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. 
For foreign exchange contracts, only the changes in fair value resulting from movements in the spot exchange rate are included 
in this assessment. In instances where the timing of expected cash flows can be matched exactly to the maturity of the foreign 
exchange contract, then changes in fair value attributable to movement in the forward points are also included.

At December 31, 2015 the Company estimates, based on current interest and exchange rates, there will be $10 million of net 
derivative losses on forward exchange rates, interest rate swaps, and treasury locks reclassified from accumulated 
comprehensive income into earnings within the next twelve months as the forecasted transactions affect earnings.

Credit Risk and Concentrations of Credit Risk

Credit risk represents the loss that would be recognized at the reporting date if counterparties failed to perform as contracted 
and from movements in interest rates and foreign exchange rates. The Company currently does not anticipate non-performance 
by its counterparties. The Company generally does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments with 
credit risk.

Concentrations of credit risk that arise from financial instruments exist for groups of customers or counterparties when they 
have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by 
changes in economic or other conditions. Financial instruments on the balance sheet that potentially subject the Company to 
concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, fiduciary funds, accounts receivable and derivatives 
which are recorded at fair value.

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Notes to the financial statements

24.    DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued)  

The Company maintains a policy providing for the diversification of cash and cash equivalent investments and places such 
investments in an extensive number of financial institutions to limit the amount of credit risk exposure. These financial 
institutions are monitored on an ongoing basis for credit quality predominantly using information provided by credit agencies.

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to receivables are limited due to the large number of clients and markets in which the 
Company does business, as well as the dispersion across many geographic areas. Management does not believe significant risk 
exists in connection with the Company’s concentrations of credit as of December 31, 2015.

25. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company has categorized its assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis into 
a three-level fair value hierarchy, based on the reliability of the inputs used to determine fair value as follows:

• 

• 

 Level 1: refers to fair values determined based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets;

 Level 2: refers to fair values estimated using observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are 
corroborated by market data; and

• 

 Level 3: includes fair values estimated using unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating its fair value disclosure for financial 
instruments:

The fair values of long-term debt instruments (excluding related fair value hedges) are based on quoted market values and are 
classified as Level 1 measurements, with the exception of the 7-year term loan facility and drawings under our $800 million 
revolving credit facility where fair value is determined using observable market data for similar debt instruments of comparable 
maturities (Level 2 measure). 

Derivative financial instruments-Market values have been used to determine the fair value of interest rate swaps and forward 
foreign exchange contracts based on estimated amounts the Company would receive or have to pay to terminate the agreements, 
taking into account the current interest rate environment or current foreign currency forward rates. Such financial instruments 
are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

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25.    FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)  

Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis

The following table presents, for each of the fair-value hierarchy levels, the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured 
at fair value on a recurring basis.

Quoted
prices in
active
markets
for
identical
assets

Level 1

December 31, 2015

Significant
other
observable
inputs

Significant
other
unobservable
inputs

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(millions)

26

26

57

57

$

$

$

—

— $

— $

— $

—

— $

— $

— $

December 31, 2014

Quoted
prices in
active
markets
for
identical
assets

Level 1

Significant
other
observable
inputs

Significant
other
unobservable
inputs

Level 2

Level 3

Total

(millions)

26

26

21

21

$

$

$

—

— $

— $

— $

—

— $

— $

— $

$

$

$

$

$

$

26

26

57

57

26

26

21

21

Assets at fair value:

Derivative financial instruments

Total assets

Liabilities at fair value:

Derivative financial instruments

Total liabilities

Assets at fair value:

Derivative financial instruments

Total assets

Liabilities at fair value:

Derivative financial instruments

Total liabilities

Fair value information about financial instruments not measured at fair value

The following table discloses the Company’s financial instruments where the carrying amount and estimated fair value differ. 
The fair value amounts shown below are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company would realize upon 
disposition nor do they indicate the Company’s intent or ability to dispose of the financial instrument. 

December 31,

2015

2014

Carrying
amount

Fair
value

Carrying
amount

Fair
value

(millions)

Liabilities:

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt

$

988

$

998

$

167

$

Long-term debt

2,278

2,394

2,130

169

2,327

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Notes to the financial statements

25.    FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)  

Financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis

The remeasurement of goodwill is classified as non-recurring level 3 fair value assessment due to the significance of 
unobservable inputs developed using company-specific information, see Note 12 - Goodwill.

26. SEGMENT INFORMATION

We are integrating Willis and Towers Watson (together, the ‘Legacy Companies’) and creating a unified platform for global 
growth, including to position the Company to leverage the Legacy Companies’ mutual distribution strength to enhance market 
penetration, expand our global footprint and create a strong platform for further innovation. The fully integrated Company will 
have four business segments: Corporate Risk and Broking; Exchange Solutions; Human Capital and Benefits; and Investment, 
Risk and Reinsurance.

Due to the closing date of the Merger, Towers Watson segment results are not presented in this Form 10-K.  The combined 
company segment information is presented to assist the reader in understanding our ongoing integrated company. Please see 
Item 1 — Business and Note 31 — Subsequent Events for additional information.

Willis had four reportable operating segments: Willis CWR; Willis GB; Willis North America; and Willis International. Towers 
Watson had four reportable operating segments: Benefits; Exchange Solutions; Risk and Financial Services; and Talent and 
Rewards.

For internal reporting and segmental reporting, the following items for which segmental management are not held accountable 
are excluded from segmental expenses:

(i) 

costs of the holding company;

(ii) 

costs of Group functions, leadership and projects;

(iii) 

certain litigation provisions;

(iv)  Willis Towers Watson integration costs;

(v) 

non-servicing elements of the defined benefit pension schemes cost (income); and 

(vi) 

corporate restructuring costs associated with the Operational Improvement Program.

The accounting policies of the segments are consistent with those described in Note 2 — ‘Basis of Presentation and Significant 
Accounting Policies’.

There are no inter-segment revenues, with segments operating on a revenue-sharing basis equivalent to that used when sharing 
business with other third-party brokers.

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26.    SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)  

Selected information regarding the Company’s segments is as follows:

Commissions
and fees

Investment
income

Other
income

Depreciation
and
amortization

Operating
income (loss)

Total
revenues

(millions)

$

— $

$

641

815

1,305

1,068

3,829

—

$

26

33

65

38

162

9

3,829

$

171

$

$

$

1

6

1

8

—

8

3

12

4

—

19
—

19

—

7

—

7
—

7

$

3,802

$

— $

$

669

766

1,323

1,044

3,802
—

$

666

721

1,313

955

3,655
—

$

3,655

$

143

158

187

165

653
(226)
427

148

224

232

195

799
(152)
647

180

221

205

181

787
(124)
663

31

12

68

26

137
9

146

31

11

76

22

140
9

149

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis GB

Willis CWR

Willis North America

Willis International

Total segments
Corporate and other(i)
Total consolidated

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis GB

Willis CWR

Willis North America

Willis International

Total segments
Corporate and other(i)
Total consolidated

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis GB

Willis CWR

Willis North America

Willis International

Total segments
Corporate and other(i)
Total consolidated

$

$

$

$

$

$

637

811

1,298

1,063

3,809

—

3,809

$

$

662

749

1,318

1,038

3,767
—

3,767

$

$

665

716

1,304

948

3,633
—

$

3,633

$

4

3

1

4

12

—

12

4

5

1

6

16
—

16

1

5

2

7

15
—

15

_________________________________
(i)  See the following table for an analysis of the ‘Corporate and other’ line.

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26.    SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)  

Notes to the financial statements

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

Costs of the holding company

$

(8) $

Costs related to Group functions, leadership and projects

Non-servicing elements of defined benefit pension

Restructuring costs relating to the Operational Improvement Program (see Note 5)

Merger and acquisition transaction-related costs

Litigation provision

Expense Reduction Initiative

Other

Total Corporate and Other

(167)
110
(33)
(58)
(70)
—

—
(226) $

$

(13) $
(171)
53
(17)
—

—

—
(4)
(152) $

(10)
(102)
42

—

—

—
(46)
(8)
(124)

The following table reconciles total consolidated operating income, as disclosed in the operating segment tables above, to 
consolidated income before income taxes and interest in earnings of associates.

Total consolidated operating income

Other income (expense), net

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Interest expense

Income before income taxes and interest in earnings of associates

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

$

$

427

$

647

$

55

—
(142)
340

$

6

—
(135)
518

$

663

22
(60)
(126)
499

The Company does not currently provide asset information by reportable segment as it does not routinely evaluate the total 
asset position by segment.

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26.    SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued)  

Segment revenue by product is as follows:

Years ended December 31,

2015

2014

2013

2015

2014

2013

2015

2014

2013

2015

2014

2013

2015

2014

2013

Willis GB

Willis CWR

Willis 
North America

(millions)

Willis International

Total

Commissions and fees:

Retail insurance services

$

172

$

184

$

185

$

92

$

90

$

89

$ 1,227

$ 1,244

$ 1,233

$ 1,042

$ 1,016

$

926

$ 2,533

$ 2,534

$ 2,433

Specialty insurance services

465

478

480

719

659

627

71

74

71

21

22

22

1,276

1,233

1,200

Total commissions and fees

637

662

665

811

749

716

1,298

1,318

1,304

1,063

1,038

948

3,809

3,767

3,633

Investment income

Other income

Total Revenues

4

—

4

3

1

—

3

1

5

12

5

—

1

6

1

4

2

7

4

1

6

—

7

—

12

8

16

19

15

7

$

641

$

669

$

666

$

815

$

766

$

721

$ 1,305

$ 1,323

$ 1,313

$ 1,068

$ 1,044

$

955

$ 3,829

$ 3,802

$ 3,655

None of the Company’s customers represented more than 10 percent of the Company’s consolidated commissions and fees for 
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.

Information regarding the Company’s geographic locations is as follows:

Commissions and fees(i)

UK

US
Other(ii)

Total

Fixed assets

UK

US
Other(ii)

Total

Years Ended December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

2013

$

$

1,040

$

1,027

$

1,590

1,179

1,592

1,148

3,809

$

3,767

$

1,026

1,549

1,058

3,633

December 31,

2015

2014

(millions)

$

$

$

288

177

98

563

$

232

193

58

483

_________________________________
(i)  Commissions and fees are attributed to countries based upon the location of the subsidiary generating the revenue.
(ii)  Other than in the United Kingdom and the United States, the Company does not conduct business in any country in which its commissions and fees and 

or fixed assets exceed 10 percent of consolidated commissions and fees and or fixed assets, respectively.

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Notes to the financial statements

27. SUBSIDIARY UNDERTAKINGS

As of December 31, 2015, Legacy Willis had investments in the following subsidiary undertakings which principally affect the 
net income or net assets of the Group.

Subsidiary name
Holding companies

TAI Limited

Trinity Acquisition Limited

Willis Faber Limited

Willis Group Limited

Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited

Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V.

Willis Europe B.V.

Willis France Holdings SAS

Insurance broking companies

Willis HRH, Inc. 

Willis Limited

Willis North America, Inc. 

Willis Re, Inc. 

Country of
registration

Class of share

Percentage
ownership

England and Wales

Ordinary shares

England and Wales

Ordinary shares

England and Wales

Ordinary shares

England and Wales

Ordinary shares

England and Wales

Ordinary shares

Netherlands

Ordinary shares

England and Wales

Ordinary shares

France

Ordinary shares

USA

Common shares

England and Wales

Ordinary shares

USA

USA

Common shares

Common shares

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

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28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES

Willis North America Inc. (‘Willis North America’) had $148 million senior notes outstanding that were issued on July 1, 2005 
that were subsequently repaid on July 1, 2015 and has $394 million of senior notes issued on March 28, 2007 and $187 million 
of senior notes issued on September 29, 2009.

All direct obligations under the senior notes are jointly and severally, irrevocably and fully and unconditionally guaranteed by 
Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited and 
Willis Group Limited, collectively the ‘Other Guarantors’, and with Willis Towers Watson, the ‘Guarantor Companies’.

The debt securities that were issued by Willis North America and guaranteed by the entities described above, and for which the 
disclosures set forth below relate and are required under applicable SEC rules, were issued under an effective registration 
statement.

Presented below is condensed consolidating financial information for:

(i)  Willis Towers Watson, which is a guarantor, on a parent company only basis;

(ii)  the Other Guarantors, which are all 100 percent directly or indirectly owned subsidiaries of the parent and are all direct or 

indirect parents of the issuer;

(iii) the Issuer, Willis North America;

(iv)  Other, which are the non-guarantor subsidiaries, on a combined basis;

(v)  Consolidating adjustments; and

(vi)  the Consolidated Company.

The equity method has been used for investments in subsidiaries in the condensed consolidating balance sheets for the year 
ended December 31, 2015 of Willis Towers Watson, the Other Guarantors and the Issuer. 

The entities included in the Other Guarantors column as of December 31, 2015 are Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis 
Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited and Willis Group Limited.

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28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

— $

— $

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets
Restructuring costs

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other (expense) income, net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND
INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS
OF ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS
WATSON

$

—

—

—

(1)

(12)

—

—
—

(13)

(13)

(10)

—

—

(43)

(66)

—

(66)

—

439

373

—

1

—

1

(1)

(113)

(6)

—
(28)

(148)

(147)

42

225

(31)

(39)

50

29

79

9

347

435

—

11

—

—

11

(77)

(1)

(16)

—
(13)

(107)

(96)

—

236

(189)

(42)

(91)

17

(74)

—

106

32

—

$

3,798

$

— $

3,809

11

8

3,817

(2,227)

(673)

(73)

(76)
(85)

(3,134)

683

23

110

(351)

(18)

447

(13)

434

2

—

436

—

—

—

—

—

—

—
—

—

—

—

(571)

571

—

—

—

—

—

(892)

(892)

12

8

3,829

(2,306)

(799)

(95)

(76)
(126)

(3,402)

427

55

—

—

(142)

340

33

373

11

—

384

(11)

—

(11)

373

$

435

$

32

$

425

$

(892) $

373

165

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Willis Towers Watson plc

28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income attributable to Willis Towers
Watson

$

$

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

402

$

462

$

49

$

455

$

(965) $

403

(millions)

—

—

—

(1)

—

(1)

402

$

462

$

49

$

454

$

(965) $

402

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28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

— $

— $

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Restructuring costs

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other (expense) income, net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND
INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS
OF ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS
WATSON

$

—

—

—

(1)

(16)

—

—

—

(17)

(17)

(15)

—

—

(43)

(75)

—

(75)

—

437

362

—

—

—

—

—

(95)

(4)

—

(11)

(110)

(110)

(220)

221

(33)

(35)

(177)

25

(152)

10

570

428

—

8

—

—

8

(81)

(38)

(17)

—

(3)

(139)

(131)

—

313

(179)

(45)

(42)

24

(18)

—

76

58

—

$

3,759

$

— $

3,767

16

19

3,794

(2,232)

(510)

(71)

(54)

(22)

(2,889)

905

11

102

(424)

(12)

582

(208)

374

4

—

378

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

230

(636)

636

—

230

—

230

—

(1,083)

(853)

16

19

3,802

(2,314)

(659)

(92)

(54)

(36)

(3,155)

647

6

—

—

(135)

518

(159)

359

14

—

373

(11)

—

(11)

362

$

428

$

58

$

367

$

(853) $

362

167

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Willis Towers Watson plc

28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive (loss) income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Willis
Towers Watson

$

$

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(11) $

69

$

(110) $

49

$

(3) $

(millions)

—

—

—

(5)

—

(6)

(5)

(11) $

69

$

(110) $

44

$

(3) $

(11)

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28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

— $

— $

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other income (expense), net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND
INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS
OF ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME (LOSS)

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS
WATSON

$

—

—

—

(1)

(5)

—

—

(6)

(6)

5

—

(10)

—

(42)

(53)

—

(53)

—

418

365

—

—

—

—

—

(69)

(3)

—

(72)

(72)

(4)

191

(34)

—

(16)

65

23

88

9

320

417

—

8

—

—

8

(103)

(163)

(20)

—

(286)

(278)

—

364

(141)

(60)

(63)

(178)

—

(178)

—

150

(28)

—

$

3,625

$

— $

3,633

15

7

3,647

(2,103)

(399)

(71)

(55)

(2,628)

1,019

31

86

(456)

—

(5)

675

(145)

530

(9)

—

521

(12)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(10)

(641)

641

—

—

(10)

—

(10)

—

(888)

(898)

15

7

3,655

(2,207)

(636)

(94)

(55)

(2,992)

663

22

—

—

(60)

(126)

499

(122)

377

—

—

377

—

(12)

365

$

417

$

(28) $

509

$

(898) $

365

169

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Willis Towers Watson plc

28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income attributable to Willis Group
Holdings

$

$

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

522

$

565

$

74

$

636

$

(1,263) $

534

(millions)

—

—

—

(12)

—

(12)

522

$

565

$

74

$

624

$

(1,263) $

522

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28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

Notes to the financial statements

As at December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Fiduciary assets

Other current assets

Amounts due from Group undertakings

Total current assets

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Investments in subsidiaries

Fixed assets, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Investments in associates

Deferred tax assets

Pension benefits asset

Other non-current assets

Non-current amounts due from Group undertakings

Total non-current assets

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Fiduciary liabilities

Deferred revenue and accrued expenses

Income taxes payable

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt

Other current liabilities

Amounts due to Group undertakings

Total current liabilities

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Investments in subsidiaries

Long-term debt

Liabilities for pension benefits

Deferred tax liabilities

Provisions for liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Non-current amounts due to Group undertakings

2

—

—

49

1,684

1,735

3,208

23

—

—

—

—

—

8

$

$

3

—

—

1

3,423

3,427

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

$

— $

527

$

— $

7

—

18

822

847

832

35

—

—

—

—

—

2

1,251

10,458

194

1,259

13,689

—

505

3,737

1,115

13

76

623

199

—

6,268

—

—

(7)

(7,188)

(7,195)

(4,040)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(1,303)

(5,343)

532

1,258

10,458

255

—

12,503

—

563

3,737

1,115

13

76

623

209

—

6,336

518

3,757

785

1,654

$

3,427

$

5,492

$

2,501

$

19,957

$

(12,538) $

18,839

$

— $

— $

— $

10,458

$

— $

10,458

1

—

300

15

—

316

387

495

—

—

—

—

—

13

—

609

38

4,141

4,801

—

1,203

—

1

—

21

—

55

—

—

23

1,545

1,623

—

580

—

—

—

15

518

1,113

683

52

79

482

1,502

13,256

—

—

279

239

295

497

785

2,095

—

(7)

—

—

(7,188)

(7,195)

(387)

—

—

—

—

—

(1,303)

(1,690)

752

45

988

558

—

12,801

—

2,278

279

240

295

533

—

3,625

Total non-current liabilities

882

1,225

TOTAL LIABILITIES

$

1,198

$

6,026

$

2,736

$

15,351

$

(8,885) $

16,426

171

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Willis Towers Watson plc

28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

As at December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

—

—

(millions)

—

53

—

53

EQUITY

Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

2,229

—

2,229

(534)

—

(534)

(235)

—

(235)

4,422

131

4,553

(3,653)

—

(3,653)

2,229

131

2,360

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

$

3,427

$

5,492

$

2,501

$

19,957

$

(12,538) $

18,839

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28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

Notes to the financial statements

As at December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Fiduciary assets

Other current assets

Amounts due by group undertakings

Total current assets

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Investments in subsidiaries

Fixed assets, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Investments in associates

Deferred tax assets

Pension benefits asset

Other non-current assets

Non-current amounts due by group undertakings

Total non-current assets

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Fiduciary liabilities

Deferred revenue and accrued expenses

Income taxes payable

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt

Other current liabilities

Amounts due to group undertakings

Total current liabilities

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Investments in subsidiaries

Long-term debt

Liabilities for pension benefits

Deferred tax liabilities

Provisions for liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Non-current amounts due to group undertakings

$

— $

624

$

— $

$

$

9

—

—

—

3,675

3,684

2

—

—

27

923

952

3

—

8

1,057

1,068

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

2,537

715

20

—

—

147

—

—

1

42

—

—

—

—

—

3

518

3,223

740

1,500

1,041

8,948

206

1,114

11,933

—

421

2,937

450

22

19

314

206

—

4,369

—

—

(29)

(6,769)

(6,798)

(3,252)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(1,258)

(4,510)

635

1,044

8,948

212

—

10,839

—

483

2,937

450

169

19

314

210

—

4,582

$

3,684

$

4,175

$

2,568

$

16,302

$

(11,308) $

15,421

$

— $

— $

— $

8,948

$

— $

8,948

1

—

—

67

—

68

838

793

—

—

—

—

—

4

—

17

11

4,374

4,406

—

758

—

—

—

—

—

30

7

149

46

1,499

1,731

—

579

—

—

—

17

518

1,114

584

55

1

320

896

10,804

—

—

284

147

194

372

740

1,737

—

(29)

—

—

(6,769)

(6,798)

(838)

—

—

—

—

—

(1,258)

(2,096)

619

33

167

444

—

10,211

—

2,130

284

147

194

389

—

3,144

Total non-current liabilities

1,631

758

TOTAL LIABILITIES

$

1,699

$

5,164

$

2,845

$

12,541

$

(8,894) $

13,355

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Willis Towers Watson plc

28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

As at December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

—

—

(millions)

—

59

—

59

EQUITY

Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

1,985

—

1,985

(989)

—

(989)

(277)

—

(277)

3,680

22

3,702

(2,414)

—

(2,414)

1,985

22

2,007

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

$

3,684

$

4,175

$

2,568

$

16,302

$

(11,308) $

15,421

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28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

Notes to the financial statements

NET CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING
ACTIVITIES

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangibles assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired
Payments to acquire other investments, net of
distributions received.
Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Additional investment in subsidiaries

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from drawdown of revolving credit facility

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt
Proceeds from issue of other debt
Repurchase of shares

Proceeds from issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment
arrangements

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Proceeds from intercompany financing activities

Repayments of intercompany financing activities

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF
YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

(10) $

583

$

43

$

(223) $

(150) $

243

—

(8)

—

—

—

—

87

—

—

79

—

—

(149)
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

27

—

(122)

—

—

—

$

— $

13

(128)

(12)

(845)

3

44

151

(181)

—

(955)

—

—

(1)
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(608)

1,009

598

999

—

—

—
—
—

598

(598)

7

(150)

(5)

(16)

828

(136)

1,125

(53)

(44)

624

527

—

150

—

—

(1,009)

608

(849)

—

—

—

$

— $

13

(146)

(12)

(845)

3

44

—

—

—

(943)

469

(5)

(166)
592
(82)

124

7

(277)

(5)

(16)

—

—

641

(59)

(44)

635

532

—

(10)

—

—

—

—

49

(746)

(598)

(1,305)

469

(5)

(16)
592
—

—

—

—

—

—

154

(472)

722

—

—

2

2

—

—

—

—

—

—

321

(82)

—

239

—

—

—
—
(82)

124

—

(277)

—

—

—

—

(235)

(6)

—

9

3

$

175

2015 Annual Report   175   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Willis Towers Watson plc

28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

NET CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING
ACTIVITIES

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangible assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Proceeds from sale of other investments, net of distributions
received.

Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Additional investment in subsidiaries

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt

Repurchase of shares

Proceeds from issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment
arrangements

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Proceeds from intercompany financing activities

Repayments of intercompany financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities

INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH
EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF
YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

(35) $

387

$

265

$

212

$

(352) $

477

—

—

—

—

—

—

361

—

(31)

330

—

—

(213)

134

—

(210)

—

—

—

—

(289)

—

(9)

—

—

—

—

—

(53)

—

(62)

—

(15)

—

—

—

—

(4)

—

46

1

(10)

—

—

—

—

120

(131)

—

(20)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4

(353)

(326)

(249)

(245)

6

—

3

9

$

(1)

—

3

2

—

—

—

$

— $

6

(95)

(4)

(241)

(10)

86

435

(46)

—

131

(3)

—

—

31

5

(352)

—

(17)

180

(314)

(470)

(127)

(39)

790

624

(1)

1

—

—

—

—

(916)

230

31

(655)

—

—

—

(31)

—

352

—

—

(230)

916

1,007

—

—

—

$

— $

6

(113)

(4)

(241)

(10)

86

—

—

—

(276)

(3)

(15)

(213)

134

5

(210)

(4)

(17)

—

—

(323)

(122)

(39)

796

635

176   willistowerswatson.com

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28. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES 

AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES $

4

$

125

$

$

662

$

(237) $

561

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangible assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Proceeds from sale of other investments, net of
distributions received.

Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Senior notes issued

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt

Tender premium on extinguishment of senior notes

Proceeds from issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment
arrangements

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Cash received on intercompany financing activities

Cash paid on intercompany financing activities

—

—

—

—

—

—

383

(347)

36

—

—

—

—

155

—

(193)

—

—

—

—

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

(38)

INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF
YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

2

—

1

3

$

—

(7)

—

(237)

—

—

211

(442)

(475)

522

(8)

(15)

—

—

—

—

—

—

321

(467)

353

3

—

—

3

7

3

(11)

—

(230)

—

230

36

(120)

(92)

—

—

(521)

(65)

—

—

(230)

—

—

901

—

85

—

—

—

$

— $

9

(94)

(7)

(30)

(3)

257

60

(780)

(588)

—

—

—

—

—

2

(7)

(4)

(10)

467

(223)

225

299

(8)

499

790

—

—

—

467

—

(467)

(690)

1,689

999

—

—

—

—

—

—

237

—

—

(1,689)

690

(762)

—

—

—

$

— $

12

(112)

(7)

(30)

(3)

20

—

—

(120)

522

(8)

(536)

(65)

155

2

(193)

(4)

(10)

—

—

(137)

304

(8)

500

796

177

2015 Annual Report   177   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES

On March 17, 2011, the Company issued senior notes totaling $800 million in a registered public offering. These debt securities 
were issued by Willis Towers Watson (‘WTW Debt Securities’) and are guaranteed by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. 
Therefore, the Company is providing the condensed consolidating financial information below. The following wholly owned 
subsidiaries (directly or indirectly) fully and unconditionally guarantee the WTW Debt Securities on a joint and several basis: 
Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis 
Group Limited and Willis North America (the ‘Guarantors’).

The guarantor structure described above differs from the guarantor structure associated with the senior notes issued by Willis 
North America (the ‘Willis North America Debt Securities’) (and for which condensed consolidating financial information is 
presented in Note 28) in that Willis Towers Watson is the Parent Issuer and Willis North America is a subsidiary guarantor.

Presented below is condensed consolidating financial information for:

(i)  Willis Towers Watson, which is the Parent Issuer;

(ii)  the Guarantors, which are all 100 percent directly or indirectly owned subsidiaries of the parent;

(iii) Other, which are the non-guarantor subsidiaries, on a combined basis;

(iv)  Consolidating adjustments; and

(v)  the Consolidated Company.

The equity method has been used for investments in subsidiaries in the condensed consolidating balance sheets for the year 
ended December 31, 2015 of Willis Towers Watson and the Guarantors. 

The entities included in the Other Guarantors column as of December 31, 2015 are Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis 
Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis Group Limited and Willis North America, 
Inc.

178   willistowerswatson.com

178

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29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Restructuring costs

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other (expense) income, net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND INTEREST IN
EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF
ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

$

— $

—

—

—

(1)

(12)

—

—

—

(13)

(13)

(10)

—

—

(43)

(66)

—

(66)

—

439

373

—

11

1

—

12

(78)

(114)

(22)

—

(41)

(255)

(243)

42

350

(109)

(81)

(41)

46

5

9

421

435

—

$

3,798

$

— $

3,809

11

8

3,817

(2,227)

(673)

(73)

(76)

(85)

(3,134)

683

23

110

(351)

(18)

447

(13)

434

2

—

436

(11)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(460)

460

—

—

—

—

—

(860)

(860)

—

12

8

3,829

(2,306)

(799)

(95)

(76)

(126)

(3,402)

427

55

—

—

(142)

340

33

373

11

—

384

(11)

373

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS WATSON $

373

$

435

$

425

$

(860) $

179

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Willis Towers Watson plc

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson — 
the Parent 
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

Comprehensive income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income attributable to Willis Towers Watson

$

$

402

—

402

$

$

462

—

462

$

$

455

(1)

454

$

$

(916) $

—

(916) $

403

(1)

402

180   willistowerswatson.com

180

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29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Restructuring costs

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other (expense) income, net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND INTEREST IN
EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF
ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

$

— $

—

—

—

(1)

(16)

—

—

—

(17)

(17)

(15)

—

—

(43)

(75)

—

(75)

—

437

362

—

8

—

—

8

(81)

(133)

(21)

—

(14)

(249)

(241)

(220)

424

(102)

(80)

(219)

49

(170)

10

588

428

—

$

3,759

$

— $

3,767

16

19

3,794

(2,232)

(510)

(71)

(54)

(22)

(2,889)

905

11

102

(424)

(12)

582

(208)

374

4

—

378

(11)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

230

(526)

526

—

230

—

230

—

(1,025)

(795)

—

16

19

3,802

(2,314)

(659)

(92)

(54)

(36)

(3,155)

647

6

—

—

(135)

518

(159)

359

14

—

373

(11)

362

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS WATSON $

362

$

428

$

367

$

(795) $

181

2015 Annual Report   181   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson — 
the Parent 
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

Comprehensive (loss) income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Willis Towers Watson

$

$

(11) $

—

(11) $

69

—

69

$

$

49

(5)

44

$

$

(113) $

—

(113) $

(6)

(5)

(11)

182   willistowerswatson.com

182

Table of Contents

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other income (expense), net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND INTEREST IN
EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF
ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

$

— $

—

—

—

(1)

(5)

—

—

(6)

(6)

5

—

(10)

—

(42)

(53)

—

(53)

—

418

365

—

8

—

—

8

(103)

(232)

(23)

—

(358)

(350)

(4)

466

(86)

(60)

(79)

(113)

23

(90)

9

498

417

—

$

3,625

$

— $

3,633

15

7

3,647

(2,103)

(399)

(71)

(55)

(2,628)

1,019

31

86

(456)

—

(5)

675

(145)

530

(9)

—

521

(12)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(10)

(552)

552

—

—

(10)

—

(10)

—

(916)

(926)

—

15

7

3,655

(2,207)

(636)

(94)

(55)

(2,992)

663

22

—

—

(60)

(126)

499

(122)

377

—

—

377

(12)

365

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS WATSON $

365

$

417

$

509

$

(926) $

183

2015 Annual Report   183   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson — 
the Parent 
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

Comprehensive income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income attributable to Willis Towers Watson

$

$

522

—

522

$

$

565

—

565

$

$

636

(12)

624

$

$

(1,189) $

—

(1,189) $

534

(12)

522

184   willistowerswatson.com

184

 
Table of Contents

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

Notes to the financial statements

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Fiduciary assets

Other current assets

Amounts due from group undertakings

Total current assets

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Investments in subsidiaries

Fixed assets, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Investments in associates

Deferred tax assets

Pension benefits asset

Other non-current assets

Non-current amounts due from group undertakings

Total non-current assets

TOTAL ASSETS
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES

Fiduciary liabilities

Deferred revenue and accrued expenses

Income taxes payable

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt

Other current liabilities

Amounts due to group undertakings

Total current liabilities

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Investments in subsidiaries

Long-term debt

Liabilities for pension benefits

Deferred tax liabilities

Provisions for liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Non-current amounts due to group undertakings

Total non-current liabilities

TOTAL LIABILITIES

As at December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

$

$

$

$

3

—

—

1

3,423
3,427

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—
—

2

7

—

67

1,257
1,333

4,275

58

—

—

—

—

—

10

785
5,128

$

527

$

— $

1,251

10,458

194

1,259
13,689

—

505

3,737

1,115

13

76

623

199

—
6,268

—

—

(7)

(5,939)
(5,946)

(4,275)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(785)
(5,060)

532

1,258

10,458

255

—
12,503

—

563

3,737

1,115

13

76

623

209

—
6,336

3,427

$

6,461

$

19,957

$

(11,006) $

18,839

— $

— $

10,458

$

— $

10,458

1

—

300

15

—

316

387

495

—

—

—

—

—

68

—

609

61

4,437

5,175

—

1,783

—

1

—

36

—

683

52

79

482

1,502

13,256

—

—

279

239

295

497

785

882

1,820

2,095

—

(7)

—

—

(5,939)

(5,946)

(387)

—

—

—

—

—

(785)

(1,172)

752

45

988

558

—

12,801

—

2,278

279

240

295

533

—

3,625

$

1,198

$

6,995

$

15,351

$

(7,118) $

16,426

185

2015 Annual Report   185   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

As at December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

—

—

53

—

53

EQUITY

Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity
Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

2,229
—
2,229
3,427

$

(534)
—
(534)
6,461

$

4,422
131
4,553
19,957

(3,888)
—
(3,888)
(11,006) $

2,229
131
2,360
18,839

$

$

186   willistowerswatson.com

186

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

Notes to the financial statements

ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, net
Fiduciary assets
Other current assets
Amounts due from group undertakings

Total current assets

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Investments in subsidiaries
Fixed assets, net
Goodwill
Other intangible assets, net
Investments in associates
Deferred tax assets
Pension benefits asset
Other non-current assets
Non-current amounts due from group undertakings

Total non-current assets

TOTAL ASSETS
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Fiduciary liabilities
Deferred revenue and accrued expenses
Income taxes payable
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt
Other current liabilities
Amounts due to group undertakings

Total current liabilities

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Investments in subsidiaries
Long-term debt
Liabilities for pension benefits
Deferred tax liabilities
Provisions for liabilities
Other non-current liabilities
Non-current amounts due to group undertakings

Total non-current liabilities

TOTAL LIABILITIES

As at December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

$

$

$

$

9
—
—
—
3,675
3,684

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
3,684

$

$

2
3
—
35
730
770

3,529
62
—
—
147
—
—
4
740
4,482
5,252

$

$

— $

1
—
—
67
—
68

— $
34
7
166
57
4,623
4,887

838
793
—
—
—
—
—
1,631
1,699

$

—
1,337
—
—
—
17
—
1,354
6,241

$

624
1,041
8,948
206
1,114
11,933

—
421
2,937
450
22
19
314
206
—
4,369
16,302

8,948
584
55
1
320
896
10,804

—
—
284
147
194
372
740
1,737
12,541

$

$

$

$

— $
—
—
(29)
(5,519)
(5,548)

(3,529)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(740)
(4,269)
(9,817) $

— $
—
(29)
—
—
(5,519)
(5,548)

(838)
—
—
—
—
—
(740)
(1,578)
(7,126) $

635
1,044
8,948
212
—
10,839

—
483
2,937
450
169
19
314
210
—
4,582
15,421

8,948
619
33
167
444
—
10,211

—
2,130
284
147
194
389
—
3,144
13,355

187

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Willis Towers Watson plc

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

As at December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

—

—

59

—

59

EQUITY

Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity
Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

1,985
—
1,985
3,684

$

(989)
—
(989)
5,252

$

3,680
22
3,702
16,302

$

(2,691)
—
(2,691)
(9,817) $

1,985
22
2,007
15,421

$

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29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

Notes to the financial statements

NET CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING
ACTIVITIES

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangibles assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Payments to acquire other investments, net of distributions
received.

Proceeds from disposal of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Additional investment in subsidiaries

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from draw down of revolving credit facility

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt

Proceeds from issue of other debt

Repurchase of shares

Proceeds from the issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Proceeds from intercompany financing activities

Repayments of intercompany financing activities

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

$

(10) $

626

$

(223) $

(150) $

243

—

—

—

—

—

—

321

(82)

—

239

—

—

—

—

(82)

124

—

(277)

—

—

—

—

(235)

(6)

—

9

3

$

—

(18)

—

—

—

—

136

(746)

(598)

(1,226)

469

(5)

(165)

592

—

—

—

—

—

—

181

(472)

600

—

—

2

2

$

13

(128)

(12)

(845)

3

44

151

(181)

—

(955)

—

—

(1)

—

—

598

7

(150)

(5)

(16)

828

(136)

1,125

(53)

(44)

624

527

—

—

—

—

—

—

(608)

1,009

598

999

—

—

—

—

—

(598)

—

150

—

—

(1,009)

608

(849)

—

—

—

$

— $

13

(146)

(12)

(845)

3

44

—

—

—

(943)

469

(5)

(166)

592

(82)

124

7

(277)

(5)

(16)

—

—

641

(59)

(44)

635

532

189

2015 Annual Report   189   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

$

(35) $

652

$

212

$

(352) $

477

—

—

—

—

—

—

361

—

(31)

330

—

—

(213)

134

—

(210)

—

—

—

—

(289)

6

—

3

9

$

1

(19)

—

—

—

—

120

(180)

—

(78)

—

(15)

—

—

—

—

(4)

—

46

(602)

(575)

(1)

—

3

2

$

6

(95)

(4)

(241)

(10)

86

435

(46)

—

131

(3)

—

—

31

5

(352)

—

(17)

180

(314)

(470)

(127)

(39)

790

624

(1)

1

—

—

—

—

(916)

226

31

(659)

—

—

—

(31)

—

352

—

—

(226)

916

1,011

—

—

—

$

— $

6

(113)

(4)

(241)

(10)

86

—

—

—

(276)

(3)

(15)

(213)

134

5

(210)

(4)

(17)

—

—

(323)

(122)

(39)

796

635

NET CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING
ACTIVITIES

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangible assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Proceeds from sale of other investments, net of distributions
received.

Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Additional investment in subsidiaries

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt

Repurchase of shares

Proceeds from the issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Proceeds from intercompany financing activities

Repayments of intercompany financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities

INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

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29. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR PARENT ISSUER, GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-

GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

Notes to the financial statements

NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING
ACTIVITIES
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangible assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Proceeds from sale of other investments, net of distributions
received.

Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Senior notes issued

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt

Tender premium on extinguishment of senior notes

Proceeds from issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Proceeds from intercompany financing activities

Repayments of intercompany financing activities

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson —
the Parent
Issuer

The
Guarantors

Other

(millions)

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

$

4

$

(98) $

662

$

(7) $

561

—

—

—

—

—

—

383

(347)

36

—

—

—

—

155

—

(193)

—

—

—

—

(38)

2

—

1

3

$

3

(18)

—

(237)

—

—

223

(120)

(149)

522

(8)

(536)

(65)

—

—

—

—

—

780

(443)

250

3

—

—

3

$

9

(94)

(7)

(30)

(3)

257

60

(780)

(588)

—

—

—

—

—

2

(7)

(4)

(10)

467

(223)

225

299

(8)

499

790

—

—

—

237

—

(237)

(666)

1,247

581

—

—

—

—

—

—

7

—

—

(1,247)

666

(574)

—

—

—

$

— $

12

(112)

(7)

(30)

(3)

20

—

—

(120)

522

(8)

(536)

(65)

155

2

(193)

(4)

(10)

—

—

(137)

304

(8)

500

796

191

2015 Annual Report   191   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES

Trinity Acquisition Limited has $525 million senior notes outstanding that were issued on August 15, 2013. 

All direct obligations under the senior notes were jointly and severally, irrevocably and fully and unconditionally guaranteed by 
Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V, Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, Willis Group Limited and Willis North 
America, Inc, collectively the ‘Other Guarantors’, and with Willis Towers Watson, the ‘Guarantor Companies’.

The guarantor structure described above differs from the guarantor structure associated with the senior notes issued by the 
Company and Willis North America (the ‘Willis North America Debt Securities’) in that Trinity Acquisition Limited is the 
issuer and not a subsidiary guarantor, and Willis North America, Inc. is a subsidiary guarantor. 

Presented below is condensed consolidating financial information for:

(i)  Willis Towers Watson, which is a guarantor, on a parent company only basis;

(ii)  the Other Guarantors, which are all wholly owned subsidiaries (directly or indirectly) of the parent. Willis Netherlands 

Holdings B.V, Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited and TA I Limited are all direct or indirect parents of the issuer and 
Willis Group Limited and Willis North America Inc., are direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries or the issuer;

(iii) Trinity Acquisition Limited, which is the issuer and is a 100 percent indirectly owned subsidiary of the parent;

(iv)  Other, which are the non-guarantor subsidiaries, on a combined basis;

(v)  Consolidating adjustments; and

(vi)  the Consolidated Company.

The equity method has been used for investments in subsidiaries in the condensed consolidating balance sheets as of December 
21, 2015 of Willis Towers Watson, the Other Guarantors and the Issuer.

The entities included in the Other Guarantors column as of December 31, 2015 are Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis 
Investment UK Holdings Limited, Willis North America Inc.,TA I Limited and Willis Group Limited.

192   willistowerswatson.com

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30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

— $

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets
Restructuring costs

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other (expense) income, net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND
INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS
OF ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS
WATSON

$

—

—

—

(1)

(12)

—

—
—

(13)

(13)

(10)

—

—

(43)

(66)

—

(66)

—

439

373

—

11

1

—

12

(78)

(114)

(22)

—
(41)

(255)

(243)

42

374

(200)

(41)

(68)

51

(17)

9

443

435

—

$

— $

3,798

$

— $

3,809

—

—

—

—

—

—

—
—

—

—

—

93

(26)

(40)

27

(5)

22

—

337

359

—

11

8

3,817

(2,227)

(673)

(73)

(76)
(85)

(3,134)

683

23

110

(351)

(18)

447

(13)

434

2

—

436

—

—

—

—

—

—

—
—

—

—

—

(577)

577

—

—

—

—

—

(1,219)

(1,219)

12

8

3,829

(2,306)

(799)

(95)

(76)
(126)

(3,402)

427

55

—

—

(142)

340

33

373

11

—

384

(11)

—

(11)

373

$

435

$

359

$

425

$

(1,219) $

373

193

2015 Annual Report   193   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income attributable to Willis Towers
Watson

$

$

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

402

$

462

$

400

$

455

$

(1,316) $

403

(millions)

—

—

—

(1)

—

(1)

402

$

462

$

400

$

454

$

(1,316) $

402

194   willistowerswatson.com

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30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

— $

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Restructuring costs

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other (expense) income, net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND
INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS
OF ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS
WATSON

$

—

—

—

(1)

(16)

—

—

—

(17)

(17)

(15)

—

—

(43)

(75)

—

(75)

—

437

362

—

8

—

—

8

(81)

(133)

(21)

—

(14)

(249)

(241)

(220)

450

(190)

(44)

(245)

54

(191)

10

609

428

—

$

— $

3,759

$

— $

3,767

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

91

(29)

(36)

26

(5)

21

—

314

335

—

16

19

3,794

(2,232)

(510)

(71)

(54)

(22)

(2,889)

905

11

102

(424)

(12)

582

(208)

374

4

—

378

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

230

(643)

643

—

230

—

230

—

(1,360)

(1,130)

16

19

3,802

(2,314)

(659)

(92)

(54)

(36)

(3,155)

647

6

—

—

(135)

518

(159)

359

14

—

373

(11)

—

(11)

362

$

428

$

335

$

367

$

(1,130) $

362

195

2015 Annual Report   195   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Willis Towers Watson plc

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive (loss) income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Willis
Towers Watson

$

$

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(11) $

69

$

(millions)

(5) $

49

$

(108) $

—

—

—

(5)

—

(6)

(5)

(11) $

69

$

(5) $

44

$

(108) $

(11)

196   willistowerswatson.com

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30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

Notes to the financial statements

REVENUES

Commissions and fees

Investment income

Other income

Total revenues

EXPENSES

Salaries and benefits

Other operating expenses

Depreciation expense

Amortization of intangible assets

Total expenses

OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME

Other income (expense), net

Income from Group undertakings

Expenses due to Group undertakings

Loss on extinguishment of debt

Interest expense

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES AND
INTEREST IN EARNINGS OF ASSOCIATES

Income tax benefit (expense)

(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INTEREST IN EARNINGS
OF ASSOCIATES

Interest in earnings of associates, net of tax

Equity account for subsidiaries

NET INCOME

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling
interests

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

— $

—

—

—

(1)

(5)

—

—

(6)

(6)

5

—

(10)

—

(42)

(53)

—

(53)

—

418
365

—

8

—

—

8

(103)

(231)

(23)

—

(357)

(349)

(4)

491

(153)

(60)

(61)

(136)

29

(107)

9

515
417

—

$

— $

3,625

$

— $

3,633

—

—

—

—

(1)

—

—

(1)

(1)

—

68

(26)

—

(18)

23

(6)

17

—

344
361

—

15

7

3,647

(2,103)

(399)

(71)

(55)

(2,628)

1,019

31

86

(456)

—

(5)

675

(145)

530

(9)

—
521

(12)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(10)

(645)

645

—

—

(10)

—

(10)

—

(1,277)
(1,287)

15

7

3,655

(2,207)

(636)

(94)

(55)

(2,992)

663

22

—

—

(60)

(126)

499

(122)

377

—

—
377

—

(12)

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO WILLIS TOWERS
WATSON

$

365

$

417

$

361

$

509

$

(1,287) $

365

197

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Willis Towers Watson plc

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income attributable to Willis Towers
Watson

$

$

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

522

$

565

$

504

$

636

$

(1,693) $

534

(millions)

—

—

—

(12)

—

(12)

522

$

565

$

504

$

624

$

(1,693) $

522

198   willistowerswatson.com

198

Table of Contents

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

Notes to the financial statements

As at December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Fiduciary assets

Other current assets

Amounts due from group undertakings

Total current assets

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Investments in subsidiaries

Fixed assets, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Investments in associates

Deferred tax assets

Pension benefits asset

Other non-current assets

Non-current amounts due from group undertakings

Total non-current assets

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Fiduciary liabilities

Deferred revenue and accrued expenses

Income taxes payable

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt

Other current liabilities

Amounts due to group undertakings

Total current liabilities

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Investments in subsidiaries

Long-term debt

Liabilities for pension benefits

Deferred tax liabilities

Provisions for liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Non-current amounts due to group undertakings

Total non-current liabilities

TOTAL LIABILITIES

$

— $

527

$

— $

$

$

3

—

—

1

2

7

—

72

3,423

3,427

951

1,032

—

—

—

1,538

1,538

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,069

3,092

58

—

—

—

—

—

9

—

—

—

—

—

—

1

785

4,921

518

3,611

1,251

10,458

194

1,259

13,689

—

505

3,737

1,115

13

76

623

199

—

6,268

—

—

(12)

(7,171)

(7,183)

(7,161)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(1,303)

(8,464)

532

1,258

10,458

255

—

12,503

—

563

3,737

1,115

13

76

623

209

—

6,336

$

3,427

$

5,953

$

5,149

$

19,957

$

(15,647) $

18,839

$

— $

— $

— $

10,458

$

— $

10,458

1

—

300

15

—

316

387

495

—

—

—

—

—

882

68

—

—

50

5,234

5,352

—

580

—

1

—

36

518

1,135

—

5

609

11

435

683

52

79

482

1,502

1,060

13,256

—

1,203

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

279

239

295

497

785

1,203

2,095

—

(12)

—

—

(7,171)

(7,183)

(387)

—

—

—

—

—

(1,303)

(1,690)

752

45

988

558

—

12,801

—

2,278

279

240

295

533

—

3,625

$

1,198

$

6,487

$

2,263

$

15,351

$

(8,873) $

16,426

199

2015 Annual Report   199   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Willis Towers Watson plc

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

As at December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

—

—

(millions)

—

53

—

53

EQUITY

Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

2,229

—

2,229

(534)

—

(534)

2,886

—

2,886

4,422

131

4,553

(6,774)

—

(6,774)

2,229

131

2,360

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

$

3,427

$

5,953

$

5,149

$

19,957

$

(15,647) $

18,839

200   willistowerswatson.com

200

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

Notes to the financial statements

As at December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Fiduciary assets

Other current assets

Amounts due from group undertakings

Total current assets

NON-CURRENT ASSETS

Investments in subsidiaries

Fixed assets, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Investments in associates

Deferred tax assets

Pension benefits asset

Other non-current assets

Non-current amounts due from group undertakings

Total non-current assets

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Fiduciary liabilities

Deferred revenue and accrued expenses

Income taxes payable

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt

Other current liabilities

Amounts due to group undertakings

Total current liabilities

NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Investments in subsidiaries

Long-term debt

Liabilities for pension benefits

Deferred tax liabilities

Provisions for liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Non-current amounts due to group undertakings

$

— $

624

$

— $

$

$

9

—

—

—

2

3

—

39

3,675

3,684

1,153

1,197

—

—

—

797

797

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3,478

2,579

62

—

—

147

—

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

—

1

740

4,430

518

3,098

1,041

8,948

206

1,114

11,933

—

421

2,937

450

22

19

314

206

—

4,369

—

—

(33)

(6,739)

(6,772)

(6,057)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(1,258)

(7,315)

635

1,044

8,948

212

—

10,839

—

483

2,937

450

169

19

314

210

—

4,582

$

3,684

$

5,627

$

3,895

$

16,302

$

(14,087) $

15,421

$

— $

— $

— $

8,948

$

— $

8,948

1

—

—

67

—

68

838

793

—

—

—

—

—

34

6

149

46

5,267

5,502

—

579

—

—

—

17

518

1,114

—

5

17

11

576

609

—

758

—

—

—

—

—

584

55

1

320

896

10,804

—

—

284

147

194

372

740

758

1,737

—

(33)

—

—

(6,739)

(6,772)

(838)

—

—

—

—

—

(1,258)

(2,096)

619

33

167

444

—

10,211

—

2,130

284

147

194

389

—

3,144

Total non-current liabilities

1,631

TOTAL LIABILITIES

$

1,699

$

6,616

$

1,367

$

12,541

$

(8,868) $

13,355

201

2015 Annual Report   201   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Willis Towers Watson plc

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

As at December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

—

—

(millions)

—

59

—

59

EQUITY

Total Willis Towers Watson stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests

Total equity

1,985

—

1,985

(989)

—

(989)

2,528

—

2,528

3,680

22

3,702

(5,219)

—

(5,219)

1,985

22

2,007

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

$

3,684

$

5,627

$

3,895

$

16,302

$

(14,087) $

15,421

202   willistowerswatson.com

202

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

(10) $

593

$

33

$

(223) $

(150) $

243

NET CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING
ACTIVITIES

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangible assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Payments to acquire other investments, net of distributions
received.

Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Additional investment in subsidiaries

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from draw down of revolving credit facility

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt
Proceeds from issue of other debt
Repurchase of shares

Proceeds from issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment
arrangement

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Proceeds from intercompany financing activities

Repayments of intercompany financing activities

—

—

—

—

—

—

321

(82)

—

239

—

—

—
—
(82)

124

—

(277)

—

—

—

—

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

(235)

DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF
YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

(6)

—

9

3

$

—

(18)

—

—

—

—

136

—

(420)

(302)

—

—

(149)
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

181

(323)

(291)

—

—

2

2

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(746)

(178)

(924)

469

(5)

(16)
592
—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(149)

891

—

—

—

$

— $

13

(128)

(12)

(845)

3

44

151

(181)

—

(955)

—

—

(1)
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(608)

1,009

598

999

—

—

—
—
—

598

(598)

7

(150)

(5)

(16)

828

(136)

1,125

(53)

(44)

624

527

—

150

—

—

(1,009)

608

(849)

—

—

—

$

— $

13

(146)

(12)

(845)

3

44

—

—

—

(943)

469

(5)

(166)
592
(82)

124

7

(277)

(5)

(16)

—

—

641

(59)

(44)

635

532

203

2015 Annual Report   203   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Willis Towers Watson plc

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

NET CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY OPERATING
ACTIVITIES

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangible assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Proceeds from sale of other investments, net of distributions
received.

Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Additional investment in subsidiaries

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt
Repurchase of shares

Proceeds from issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment
arrangement

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Proceeds from intercompany financing activities

Repayments of intercompany financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities

INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH
EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF
YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

204   willistowerswatson.com

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

$

(35) $

781

$

181

$

212

$

(662) $

477

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(4)

—

(4)

—

(15)
—

—

—

(155)

—

—

—

(7)

(177)

—

—

—

$

— $

6

(95)

(4)

(241)

(10)

86

435

(46)

—

131

(3)

—
—

31

5

(352)

—

(17)

180

(314)

(470)

(127)

(39)

790

624

(1)

1

—

—

—

—

(916)

230

31

(655)

—

—
—

(31)

—

662

—

—

(230)

916

1,317

—

—

—

$

— $

6

(113)

(4)

(241)

(10)

86

—

—

—

(276)

(3)

(15)
(213)

134

5

(210)

(4)

(17)

—

—

(323)

(122)

(39)

796

635

1

(19)

—

—

—

—

120

(180)

—

(78)

—

—
—

—

—

(155)

(4)

—

50

(595)

(704)

(1)

—

3

2

—

—

—

—

—

—

361

—

(31)

330

—

—
(213)

134

—

(210)

—

—

—

—

(289)

6

—

3

9

$

204

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

30. FINANCIAL INFORMATION FOR ISSUER, PARENT GUARANTOR, OTHER GUARANTOR 

SUBSIDIARIES AND NON-GUARANTOR SUBSIDIARIES (Continued)  

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

Notes to the financial statements

Year Ended December 31, 2013

Willis
Towers
Watson

The Other
Guarantors

The
Issuer

Other

Consolidating
adjustments

Consolidated

(millions)

NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES $

4

$

399

$

63

$

662

$

(567) $

561

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds on disposal of fixed and intangible assets

Additions to fixed assets

Additions to intangible assets

Acquisitions of operations, net of cash acquired

Proceeds from sale of other investments, net of
distributions received.

Proceeds from sale of operations, net of cash disposed

Proceeds from intercompany investing activities

Repayments of intercompany investing activities

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Senior notes issued

Debt issuance costs

Repayments of debt

Tender premium on extinguishment of senior notes

Proceeds from issue of shares

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment
arrangements

Dividends paid

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests

Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests

Proceeds from intercompany financing activities

Repayments of intercompany financing activities

—

—

—

—

—

—

383

(347)

36

—

—

—

—

155

—

(193)

—

—

—

—

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

(38)

INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash
equivalents

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF
YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF YEAR

$

2

—

1

3

$

3

(18)

—

(237)

—

—

160

(120)

(212)

—

—

(521)

(65)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

132

(442)

(310)

522

(8)

(15)

—

—

—

(230)

(330)

—

—

1,075

(443)

(184)

3

—

—

3

—

—

147

(69)

247

—

—

—

$

— $

9

(94)

(7)

(30)

(3)

257

60

(780)

(588)

—

—

—

—

—

2

(7)

(4)

(10)

467

(223)

225

299

(8)

499

790

—

—

—

237

—

(237)

(735)

1,689

954

—

—

—

—

—

—

567

—

—

(1,689)

735

(387)

—

—

—

$

— $

12

(112)

(7)

(30)

(3)

20

—

—

(120)

522

(8)

(536)

(65)

155

2

(193)

(4)

(10)

—

—

(137)

304

(8)

500

796

205

2015 Annual Report   205   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Willis Towers Watson plc

31. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Merger with Towers Watson & Co.

On January 4, 2016, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated June 29, 2015, as amended on November 19, 2015, 
between Willis, Towers Watson, and Citadel Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis formed for the purpose of 
facilitating this transaction (‘Merger Sub’), Merger Sub merged with and into Towers Watson, with Towers Watson continuing 
as the surviving corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Willis. 

Towers Watson & Co. is a leading global professional services firm operating throughout the world, dating back more than 100 
years. The Merger will allow the combined firm to go to market with complementary strategic product and services offerings. 

At the effective time of the Merger (the ‘Effective Time’), each issued and outstanding share of Towers Watson common stock 
(the ‘Towers Watson shares’), was converted into the right to receive 2.6490 validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable 
ordinary shares of Willis (the ‘Willis ordinary shares’), $0.000304635 nominal value per share, other than any Towers Watson 
shares owned by Towers Watson, Willis or Merger Sub at the Effective Time and the Towers Watson shares held by 
stockholders who are entitled to and who properly exercised dissenter’s rights under Delaware law. 

Immediately following the Merger, Willis effected (i) a consolidation (i.e., a reverse stock split under Irish law) of Willis 
ordinary shares whereby every 2.6490 Willis ordinary shares were consolidated into one Willis ordinary share $0.000304635 
nominal value per share and (ii) an amendment to its Constitution and other organizational documents to change its name from 
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company to Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company. 

On December 29, 2015, the third business day immediately prior to the closing date, Towers Watson declared and paid the 
Towers Watson pre-merger special dividend, in an amount of $10.00 per share of Towers Watson common stock, approximately 
$694 million in the aggregate based on approximately 69 million Towers Watson shares issued and outstanding at December 29, 
2015.

On December 30, 2015, all Towers Watson treasury stock was canceled.

The Merger was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting with Willis considered the accounting acquirer of 
Towers Watson. 

The tables below presents the preliminary calculation of aggregate Merger Consideration. 

Number of shares of Towers Watson common stock outstanding as of January 4, 2016

Exchange ratio

Number of Willis Group Holdings shares issued (prior to reverse stock split)

Willis Group Holdings price per share on January 4, 2016

Fair value (millions) of 184 million Willis ordinary shares

Value of equity awards assumed

Preliminary estimated aggregate Merger Consideration
______________________________

January 4, 2016

69 million

2.6490

184 million

$

$

$

47.18

8,686

37

8,723

206   willistowerswatson.com

206

Table of Contents

31.    SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (Continued)  

A summary of the preliminary fair values of the identifiable assets acquired, and liabilities assumed, of Towers Watson at 
January 4, 2016 are summarized in the following table.

Notes to the financial statements

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Other current assets

Fixed assets, net

Goodwill
Other intangible assets (i)
Other non-current assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Pension and other post-retirement liabilities
Other current liabilities

Other non-current liabilities
Long term debt, including current portion (ii)
Allocated Aggregate Merger Consideration
______________________________

January 4, 2016

(millions)

$

$

476

825

124

242

6,546

4,110

208
(1,016)
(941)
(751)
(360)
(740)
8,723

i. 

Represents identified finite-lived intangible assets; primarily relates to customer relationships and core/developed technology and other marketing 
related intangibles. 

ii.  Represents both debt due upon change of control of $400 million borrowed under Towers Watson’s term loan ($188 million) and revolving credit 

facility ($212 million) and an additional draw down under a new term loan of $340 million.  The $400 million debt was repaid by Willis borrowings 
under the 1-year term loan facility on January 4, 2016.  The $340 million new term loan partially funded the $694 million Towers Watson pre-
merger special dividend. 

Upon completion of the fair value assessment following the Merger, the Company anticipates the ultimate fair values of the net 
assets acquired will differ from the preliminary assessment outlined above. Generally, changes to the initial estimates of the fair 
value of assets and liabilities will be recorded as adjustments to those assets and liabilities and residual amounts will be 
allocated to goodwill. Goodwill is calculated as the difference between the acquisition date fair value of the net assets acquired, 
and represents the value of the Legacy Towers Watson assembled workforce and the future economic benefits that we expect to 
achieve as a result of the Merger.

The following unaudited pro forma financial information is intended to reflect the impact of the Merger on Willis’ consolidated 
financial statements as if the Merger had taken place on January 1, 2014 and presents the results of operations of Willis based 
on the historical financial statements of Willis and Towers Watson after giving effect to the Merger and pro forma adjustments. 
Pro forma adjustments are included only to the extent they are (i) directly attributable to the Merger, (ii) factually supportable 
and (iii) with respect to the statement of income, expected to have a continuing impact on the combined results. The 
accompanying unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only and has not been adjusted to 
give effect to certain expected financial benefits of the Merger, such as revenue synergies, tax savings and cost synergies, or the 
anticipated costs to achieve these benefits, including the cost of integration activities. The unaudited pro forma results are not 
indicative of what would have occurred had the Merger taken place on the indicated date.

Total revenues

Net income attributable to Willis Towers Watson

Twelve Months Ended December 31,

2015

2014

$

$

(millions)

7,486

633

$

$

7,303

434

The above pro forma financial information does not reflect the impact of the Gras Savoye acquisition, which was completed on 
December 29, 2015 because the effects were not material to Willis’ consolidated financial statements had the Gras Savoye 
transaction, in addition to the Merger, completed on January 1, 2014.  Including Gras Savoye in the above financial information 
207

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31.    SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (Continued)  

would result in total revenues being higher by $435 million (2014: $506 million) and net income being lower by $2 million 
(2014: lower by $23 million).

32. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)

Quarterly financial data for 2015 and 2014 were as follows:

2015

Total revenues

Total expenses

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson

Earnings per share

— Basic

— Diluted

2014

Total revenues

Total expenses

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson

Earnings per share

— Basic

— Diluted

Three Months Ended

March 31,

June 30,

September 30,

December 31,

(millions, except per share data)

$

1,087

$

922

$

846

$

(794)

214

210

3.09

3.04

1,097

(771)

250

246

$

$

$

(817)

72

70

1.03

1.01

935

(787)

48

47

$

$

$

(819)

116

117

1.72

1.70

812

(778)

(8)

(7)

$

$

$

3.62

3.57

$

$

0.69

0.68

$

$

(0.10) $

(0.10) $

$

$

$

$

$

974

(972)

(18)

(24)

(0.35)

(0.35)

958

(819)

83

76

1.13

1.12

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Item 9 — Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial 
Disclosure

Controls and procedures

None.

Item 9A — Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of December 31, 2015, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the 
Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Group Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of 
the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based 
upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Group Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of that date, the 
Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) are effective. 

Our assessment of, and conclusion on, the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures did not include those disclosure 
controls and procedures of  businesses acquired by Legacy Willis during 2015. This included Gras Savoye & Cie and Miller 
Insurance Service LLP, that are subsumed by internal control over financial reporting.  The company acquired Gras Savoye and 
Miller on December 29, 2015 and May 31, 2015 respectively, and are included in our 2015 consolidated financial statements 
and represented approximately 10% and 4% of our total assets as of December 31, 2015, respectively, and 0% and 2% of our 
total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015, respectively.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the three months ended 
December 31, 2015 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in 
Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial 
Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2015, based on the criteria related to internal control over financial reporting described in Internal Control — Integrated 
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our 
evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2015.

Our assessment of, and conclusion on, the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include businesses 
acquired by legacy Willis during 2015 including Gras Savoye & Cie and Miller Insurance Service LLP, which were acquired on 
December 29, 2015 and May 31, 2015 respectively, and are included in our 2015 consolidated financial statements and 
represented approximately 10% and 4% of our total assets as of December 31, 2015, respectively, and 0%  and 2% of our total 
revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015, respectively. 

Our independent registered public accountants, Deloitte LLP, who have audited and reported on our financial statements, have 
undertaken an assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Deloitte’s report is presented below.

February 29, 2016

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Willis Towers Watson plc

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company 

Dublin, Ireland

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company and 
subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework 
(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. As described in the Management’s 
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management excluded from its assessment the internal control over 
financial reporting at Gras Savoye & Cie (“Gras Savoye”) and Miller Insurance Service LLP (“Miller”), which were acquired 
on December 29, 2015 and May 31, 2015 respectively, and represented approximately 10% and 4% of total assets and 0% and 
2% of total revenues respectively of the consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 
2015. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over financial reporting at Gras Savoye and Miller. The 
Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment 
of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal 
Control over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal 
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audit included obtaining an understanding of 
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and 
operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered 
necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s 
principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s 
board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial 
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the 
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of 
the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that 
could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper 
management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely 
basis.  Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods 
are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2015, based on the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013)  issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the 
consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 of the Company and our report dated 
February 29, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

/s/ Deloitte LLP
London, United Kingdom
February 29, 2016 

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Item 9B — Other Information

None.

PART III

Controls and procedures

Item 10 — Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Information with respect to the executive officers of the Company is provided in Part I, Item 1 above under the heading 
‘Executive Officers of the Registrant’. All other information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with 
Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than April 29, 2016.

Item 11 — Executive Compensation
The information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than April 29, 
2016. 

Item 12 — Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters
The information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than April 29, 
2016.

Item 13 — Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than April 29, 
2016. 

Item 14 — Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by this Item will be provided in accordance with Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K no later than April 29, 
2016. 

PART IV

Item 15 — Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

The following documents are filed as a part of this report:

(1) Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company consisting of:

(a) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

(b) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.

(c) Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015.

(d) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 

2015.

(e) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.

(f) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015.

(g) Consolidated Statements of Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015.

(h) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, or not required, or because the required information is included 
in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the Notes thereto.

(2) Exhibits:

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2.1

2.2

3.1

3.2

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 29, 2015, by and among Willis Group Holdings plc, Citadel
Merger Sub, Inc. and Towers Watson & Co (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Form 8-K filed
June 30, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 19, 2015, by and among Willis, Merger
Sub and Towers Watson (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed November
20, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Memorandum and Articles of Association of Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company (incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on January 5,
2016 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Certificate of Incorporation of Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Senior Indenture, dated as of July 1, 2005, and First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 1, 2005, by and
among Willis North America Inc., as the Issuer, Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, TA I
Limited, TA II Limited, TA III Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited, TA IV Limited and Willis Group Limited,
as the Guarantors, and The Bank of New York (f/k/a JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.), as the Trustee, for the
issuance of the 5.625% senior notes due 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Willis Group
Holdings Limited’s Form 8-K filed on July 1, 2005 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 28, 2007, by and among Willis North America Inc., as the
Issuer, Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, TA I Limited, TA II Limited, TA III Limited, Trinity
Acquisition Limited, TA IV Limited and Willis Group Limited, as the Guarantors, and The Bank of New York,
as the Trustee, to the Indenture dated as of July 1, 2005, for the issuance of the 6.200% senior notes due 2017
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Willis Group Holdings Limited’s Form 8-K filed on March 30,
2007 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 1, 2008, by and among Willis North America Inc., as the
Issuer, Willis Group Holdings Limited, Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, TA II Limited,
TA III Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited, TA IV Limited and Willis Group Limited, as the Guarantors, and
The Bank of New York Mellon, as the Trustee, to the Indenture dated as of July 1, 2005 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Willis Group Holdings Limited’s Form 10-Q filed on November 10, 2008 (SEC
File No. 001-16503))

Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 29, 2009, by and among Willis North America Inc., as
the Issuer, Willis Group Holdings Limited, Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, TA II
Limited, TA III Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited, TA IV Limited and Willis Group Public Limited
Company, as the Guarantors, and The Bank of New York, as the Trustee, to the Indenture dated as of July 1,
2005, for the issuance of the 7.000% senior notes due 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Willis
Group Holdings Limited’s Form 8-K filed on September 29, 2009 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 31, 2009, by and among Willis North America Inc., as the
Issuer, Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, Willis Group Holdings Limited, Willis Netherlands
Holdings B.V., Willis Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, TA II Limited, TA III Limited, Trinity
Acquisition Limited, TA IV Limited and Willis Group Limited, as the Guarantors, and The Bank of New York
Mellon, as the Trustee, to the Indenture dated as of July 1, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to
the Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 22, 2010, by and among Willis North America Inc., as
the Issuer, Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis
Investment UK Holdings Limited, TA I Limited, TA II Limited, TA III Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited,
TA IV Limited and Willis Group Limited, as the Guarantors, and The Bank of New York Mellon, as the
Trustee, to the Indenture dated as of July 1, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s
Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Indenture, dated as of March 17, 2011, by and among Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, as
issuer, Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis Investment Holdings UK Limited, TA I Limited, Trinity
Acquisition Limited, Willis Group Limited and Willis North America Inc., as Guarantors, and The Bank of
New York Mellon, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on
March 17, 2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 17, 2011, by and among Willis Group Holdings Public
Limited Company, as Issuer, Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis Investment Holdings UK Limited, TA I
Limited, Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis Group Limited and Willis North America Inc., as guarantors, and
The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, to the Indenture dated March 17, 2011, for the issuance of the
4.125% senior notes due 2016 and the 5.750% senior notes due 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2
to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on March 17, 2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

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4.9

4.10

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

Exhibits

Indenture, dated as of August 15, 2013, by and among Trinity Acquisition Limited, as issuer, Willis Group
Holdings Public Limited Company, Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis North America Inc., Willis
Investment Holdings UK Limited, TA I Limited and Willis Group Limited, as guarantors, and Wells Fargo
Bank, National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K
filed on August 15, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 15, 2013, by and among Trinity Acquisition Limited, as
issuer, Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, Willis Netherlands Holdings B.V., Willis North
America Inc., Willis Investment Holdings UK Limited, TA I Limited and Willis Group Limited, as guarantors,
and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, to the Indenture dated August 15, 2013, for the
issuance of 4.625% senior notes due 2023 and 6.125% senior notes due 2043 (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 15, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Credit Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2011, by and among Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis Group
Holdings Public Limited Company, the Lenders party thereto, Barclays Bank PLC, as Administrative Agent,
Swing Line Lender and as an L/C Issuer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-
K filed on December 20, 2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of July 23, 2013, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of
December 12, 2011, by and among Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company, the lenders party thereto and Barclays Bank PLC, as Administrative Agent (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))
Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of February 27, 2015, among Trinity Acquisition Limited,
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, the lenders party thereto and Barclays Bank PLC, as
administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by
Willis on March 3, 2015)

Guaranty Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2011, by and among Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis Group
Holdings Public Limited Company, Barclays Bank PLC, as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 20, 2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Consent and Waiver to Credit Agreement, dated as of November 20, 2015, among Trinity Acquisition Limited,
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, Willis North America Inc., the lenders party thereto and
Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 8-K filed
by Willis on November 27, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

Revolving Note and Cash Subordination Agreement, dated as of March 3, 2014, by and among Willis
Securities, Inc., as borrower, SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on March 4, 2014 (SEC File No.
001-16503))

Joinder Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2014, by and among Willis Securities, Inc., SunTrust Bank, as
administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2014 (SEC File No. 001-16503))

First Amendment to Revolving Note and Cash Subordination Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2014, by and
among Willis Securities, Inc., SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2014 (SEC File
No. 001-16503))

Second Amendment to Revolving Note and Cash Subordination Agreement, dated as of February 27, 2015,
among Willis Securities, Inc., SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by Willis on March 3,
2015)

Consent to Guaranty Agreement, dated as of November 20, 2015, among Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis
Group Holdings Public Limited Company, SunTrust Bank, as administrative agent, and the lenders party
thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 8-K filed by Willis on November 27, 2015
(SEC File No. 001-16503))

Term Loan Agreement, dated as of November 20, 2015, among Trinity Acquisition Limited, Willis Group
Holdings Public Limited Company, the lenders party thereto and Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed by Willis on November 27, 2015 (SEC File
No. 001-16503))

Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of November 20, 2015, among Towers Watson Delaware Inc., as
borrower, each lender from time to time party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed by Towers Watson on November 24, 2015
(SEC File No. 001-34594))

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10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

10.27

10.28

10.29

10.30

10.31

10.32

10.33

Amendment No. 1, dated as of December 23, 2015, to the Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of
November 20, 2015, among Towers Watson Delaware Inc., as borrower, each lender from time to time party
thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Form 8-K filed by Towers Watson on December 29, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-34594))

Deed Poll of Assumption, dated as of December 31, 2009, by and between Willis Group Holdings Limited and
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s
Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Willis Group Senior Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s
Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Willis Group Holdings 2010 North America Employee Share Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 27, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Willis Group Holdings 2001 Share Purchase and Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the
Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Performance-Based Option Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings 2001 Share Purchase and
Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on May 10, 2010
(SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Option Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings 2001 Share Purchase and Option
Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2011 (SEC
File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings 2001 Share
Purchase and Option Plan (for executive officers) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s
Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement for Non-Employee Directors under the Willis Group
Holdings 2001 Share Purchase Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s
Form 10-K filed February 29, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Performance-Based Option Agreement for the 2011 Long Term Incentive Program under the Willis
Group Holdings 2001 Share Purchase and Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K filed on May 3, 2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of 2011 Long Term Incentive Program Agreement of Restrictive Covenants and Other Obligations (for
US employees) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on May 3, 2011
(SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of 2011 Long Term Incentive Program Agreement of Restrictive Covenants and Other Obligations (for
UK employees) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on May 3, 2011
(SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Rules of the Willis Group Holdings Sharesave Plan 2001 for the United Kingdom (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

The Willis Group Holdings Irish Sharesave Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s
Form 10-Q filed on May 5, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Willis Group Holdings 2008 Share Purchase and Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to
the Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Hilb Rogal & Hobbs Company 2007 Share Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the
Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement granted under the Hilb Rogal & Hobbs
Company 2007 Share Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q
filed on August 6, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Performance-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement granted under the Hilb Rogal & Hobbs
Company 2007 Share Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Form 10-Q
filed on August 9, 2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Option Agreement granted under the Hilb Rogal & Hobbs Company 2007 Share
Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 6,
2010 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Performance-Based Option Agreement granted under the Hilb Rogal & Hobbs Company 2007 Share
Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 9,
2011 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s 8-K filed on April 30, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

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10.34

10.35

10.36

10.37

10.38

10.39

10.40

10.41

10.42

10.43

10.44

10.45

10.46

10.47

10.48

10.49

10.50

10.51

10.52

Exhibits

Form of Time-Based Share Option Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q
filed on August 9, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Performance-Based Share Option Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 10-Q
filed on August 9, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 10-Q
filed on August 9, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Performance-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public
Limited Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s
Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (for Non-Employee Directors) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.5 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Performance-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public
Limited Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan for the 2013 Long-Term Incentive Program (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.33 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2014 (SEC File No.
001-16503))†

Rules of the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company 2012 Sharesave Sub-Plan for the United
Kingdom to the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2013 (SEC File No.
001-16503))†

Form of 2012 Long Term Incentive Program Agreement of Restrictive Covenants and Other Obligations (for
US employees) Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on
February 28, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of 2012 Long Term Incentive Program Agreement of Restrictive Covenants and Other Obligations (for
UK employees) Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on
February 28, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Amended and Restated Willis US 2005 Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.21 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on November 20, 2009 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Willis U.S. 2005 Deferred Compensation Plan, effective June
1, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2011 (SEC
File No. 001-16503))†

Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated Willis US 2005 Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10. 6 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on November 5, 2013 (SEC File No.
001-16503))†

Form of Deed of Indemnity of Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed by the Company on January 5, 2016 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Indemnification Agreement of Willis North America Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to
the Form 8-K filed by the Company on January 5, 2016 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company Compensation Policy for Non-Employee Directors
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 6, 2015 (SEC File
No. 001-16503))†

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2015, by and between Willis Group
Holdings Public Limited Company and Dominic Casserley (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Company’s Form 8-K filed on June 30, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Letter Agreement, dated January 31, 2014, by and between Willis Group Holdings plc and Dominic Casserley
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2014 (SEC
File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated May 10, 2013, by and between Dominic Casserley and Willis
Group Holdings Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form
10-Q filed on November 5, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Performance-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public
Limited Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated May 10, 2013, by and between Dominic Casserley and
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s
Form 10-Q filed on November 5, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

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Willis Towers Watson plc

10.53

10.54

10.55

10.56

10.57

10.58

10.59

10.60

10.61

10.62

10.63

10.64

10.65

10.66

10.67

10.68

10.69

Form of Time-Based Share Option Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated May 10, 2013, by and between Dominic Casserley and Willis
Group Holdings Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Form
10-Q filed on November 5, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Share Option Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of March 31, 2014, by and between Dominic Casserley and
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.52 to the Company’s
Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of March 31, 2014, by and between Dominic Casserley and
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53 to the Company’s
Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Contract of Employment, dated as of February 28, 2011, by and between Willis Limited, a subsidiary of Willis
Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Stephen P. Hearn (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.52
to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Amendment, dated July 19, 2012, to the Contract of Employment, dated as of February 28, 2011 by and
between Willis Limited, a subsidiary of Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Stephen P.
Hearn (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2013
(SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Contract of Employment, dated as of October 16, 2012, by and between Willis Limited, a subsidiary of Willis
Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Stephen P. Hearn (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to
the Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 19, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Amendment, dated April 30, 2014, to the Contract of Employment, dated as of October 16, 2012, by and
between Willis Limited, a subsidiary of Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Stephen Hearn
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on May 9, 2014 (SEC File No.
001-16503))†

Separation Letter Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2015, by and between Stephen Hearn and Willis Limited
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q filed on August 6, 2015 (SEC File No.
001-16503))†

Contract of Employment, dated as of December 17, 2007, by and between Willis Limited, a subsidiary of
Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Tim Wright (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.55
to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Amendment, dated July 19, 2012, to the Contract of Employment, dated as of December 17, 2007, by and
between Willis Limited, a subsidiary of Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Tim Wright
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.56 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2013 (SEC
File No. 001-16503))†

Confidentiality Agreement, dated as of January 17, 2008, by and between the Willis Group Limited, a
subsidiary of Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Tim Wright (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.57 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 28, 2013 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Amendment, dated April 30, 2014, to the Employment Agreement dated December 17, 2007 by and between
Willis Limited, a subsidiary of Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Tim Wright (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on May 9, 2014 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Employment Agreement, dated September 15, 2003 by and between Willis Americas Administration, Inc. and
Todd J. Jones (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.63 to the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 27,
2014 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Letter Agreement, dated August 1, 2013, by and between Willis North America Inc., a subsidiary of Willis
Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Todd J. Jones (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.64 to
the Company’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2014 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Amendment, dated April 30, 2014, to the Employment Agreement, dated August 1, 2013, by and between
Willis North America, Inc., a subsidiary of Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company, and Todd J. Jones
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on May 9, 2014 (SEC File
No. 001-16503))†

Employment Agreement, dated as of March 19, 2014, by and between Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company and John Greene (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on
March 23, 2014 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of August 11, 2014, by and between John Greene and Willis
Group Holdings Public Limited Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.69 to the Company’s Form
10-K filed on February 24, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

216   willistowerswatson.com

216

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10.70

10.71

10.72

10.73

10.74

10.75

10.76

10.77

10.78

10.79

10.80

10.81

10.82

10.83

10.84

10.85

10.86

10.87

10.88

10.89

10.90

10.91

10.92

10.93

Exhibits

Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2015, by and between Willis Group Holdings
Public Limited Company and John Greene (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form
8-K filed on June 30, 2015 (SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2015, by and between Willis Limited and
Timothy Wright (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on June 30, 2015
(SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2015, by and between Willis North America Inc.
and Todd Jones (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on June 30, 2015
(SEC File No. 001-16503))†

Transition Letter Agreement, dated as of January 4, 2016, by and between Willis Group Holdings Public
Limited Company and John Greene†*

Form of Time-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited
Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of November 9, 2015 by and between John Greene / Timothy
Wright / Todd Jones and Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company†*

Form of Performance-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public
Limited Company 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of November 9, 2015 by and between Timothy
Wright / Todd Jones and Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company†*

Form of Time-Based Share Option Agreement under the Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company
2012 Equity Incentive Plan, dated as of November 9, 2015 by and between John Greene / Timothy Wright /
Todd Jones and Willis Group Holdings Public Limited Company†*

Towers Watson Amended and Restated 2009 Long Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
99.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on January 5, 2016)†

Trust Deed and Rules of the Towers Watson Limited Share Incentive Plan 2005 (U.K) (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.21 of Watson Wyatt Worldwide Inc.’s Form 10-K filed on September 1, 2006)†

Towers Watson Limited Share Incentive Plan 2005 Deed of Amendment (U.K.) (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.22 of Watson Wyatt Worldwide Inc.’s Form 10-K filed on September 1, 2006)†

Towers Watson Limited Share Incentive Plan 2005 Deed to Change the Trust Deed and Rules (U.K.)
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Form 10-K filed by Towers Watson on August 29, 2012)†

Share Purchase Plan 2005 (Spain) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 of Watson Wyatt Worldwide
Inc.’s Form 10-K filed on September 1, 2006)†

Trust Deed and Rules of the Watson Wyatt Ireland Share Participation Scheme (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.23 of Watson Wyatt Worldwide Inc.’s Form 10-K filed on September 1, 2006)†

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement for use under the Towers Watson & Co. 2009 Long-
Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8-K filed by Towers Watson on
March 8, 2010)†

Amended Towers Watson & Co. Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q filed by Towers Watson on November 5, 2014)†

Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.1 to the Form 8-K filed by Towers Watson on May 18, 2010)†

Watson Wyatt Amended and Retated 2000 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
99.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on January 5, 2016)†

Amended Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement FY11 (Performance-Based Vesting) (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Form 10-Q filed by Towers Watson on February 7, 2012)†

Extend Health Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3
to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on January 5, 2016)†

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement FY12 (Performance-Based Vesting) (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Form 10-K filed by Towers Watson on August 29, 2012)†

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Time-Based Vesting) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.19 to the Form 10-K filed by Towers Watson on August 29, 2012)†

Towers Watson & Co. Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form
10-Q filed by Towers Watson on November 12, 2013)†

Liazon Amended and Restated 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed on January 5, 2016)†

Towers Watson Non-Qualified Deferred Savings Plan for U.S. Employees (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q filed by Towers Watson on May 6, 2014)†

217

2015 Annual Report   217   

Table of Contents

Willis Towers Watson plc

12.1

21.1

23.1

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

101.INS

101.SCH

101.CAL

101.DEF

101.LAB

101.PRE

Statement regarding Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges*

List of subsidiaries*

Consent of Deloitte LLP*

Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)*

Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)*

Certification Pursuant to 18 USC. Section 1350*

Certification Pursuant to 18 USC. Section 1350*

XBRL Instance Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

_________________________________

* 

Filed herewith.

†  Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

218   willistowerswatson.com

218

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

WILLIS TOWERS WATSON PLC
(REGISTRANT)

By: 

/s/ John J. Haley

John J. Haley

Chief Executive Officer

Date: February 29, 2016

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated this 29th day of February 2016.

/s/ John J. Haley
John J. Haley
Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Roger Millay
Roger Millay
Chief Financial Officer

/s/ Anna C. Catalano
Anna C. Catalano
Director

/s/ Wendy E. Lane
Wendy E. Lane
Director

/s/ Brendan R. O’Neill
Brendan R. O’Neill
Director

/s/ Linda Rabbitt
Linda Rabbitt
Director

/s/ Jeffrey W. Ubben
Jeffrey W. Ubben
Director

/s/ Dominic Casserley
Dominic Casserley
President and Deputy Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Susan D. Davies
Susan D. Davies
Controller and Principal Accounting Officer

/s/ Victor F. Ganzi
Victor F. Ganzi
Director

/s/ James F. McCann
James F. McCann
Director

/s/ Jaymin B. Patel
Jaymin B. Patel
Director

/s/ Paul Thomas
Paul Thomas
Director

/s/ Wilhelm Zeller
Wilhelm Zeller
Director

219

2015 Annual Report   219   

 
 
 
Willis Towers Watson plc

FIVE-YEAR SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS

Revenues
Expenses

(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:15)
(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:15)
(cid:141)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)
(cid:144)(cid:157)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:17) (cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:15)
 (cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:12)€(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)
ƒ(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:18)„(cid:143)(cid:9)„(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:15)

…(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:15)
Operating income (loss)

†(cid:20)‡(cid:16)ˆ€(cid:4)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:2)„(cid:18)(cid:143)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)€(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:16)ˆ

(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)„(cid:13)(cid:20)(cid:157)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:17) (cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:15)„(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:15)

(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)
‰(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)„(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:4)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:11)(cid:9)
Š(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and

interest in earnings of associates

Š(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:127)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:6)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before interest in

earnings of associates

Š(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:127)
Income (loss) from continuing operations
(cid:141)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:13)„(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:127)
Net income (loss)
‰(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:15)‹(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:11)„(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:15)
Net income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson

Earnings per share - continuing operations
(cid:14)ˆ(cid:14)Œ(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:14)ˆ(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:17)(cid:19)„(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)
Average number of shares outstanding
(cid:14)ˆ(cid:14)Œ(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:14)ˆ(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:17)(cid:19)„(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)

Year-end financial position (cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)

…(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:6)
‘(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:15)
…(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:6)
’(cid:20)(cid:2)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:17) (cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)
…(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)”(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:14)…(cid:3)€(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:14)”(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:143)‡(cid:4)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:15)•(cid:14)(cid:16)–„(cid:17)(cid:9)—

Other information

‘„(cid:157)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:10)„(cid:19)(cid:19)ˆ(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:16)–„(cid:17)˜(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:3)—(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:143)(cid:19)„(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)
(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:6)

(cid:21)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:16)
(cid:14)ˆ(cid:14)™(cid:17)(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:14)ˆ(cid:14)‰(cid:3)€(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:14)ˆ(cid:14)š(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:18)ˆ(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
›››››››››››››››››
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:6)(cid:14)

2015

$

3,829

(cid:31)

Year Ended December 31,
2014
2012
2013
(millions, except per share data)
(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:27)(cid:26)

(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:24)

(cid:31)

(cid:31)

(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:23)(cid:28)(cid:27)

(2,306)
(799)
(95)
(76)
—
(126)
(3,402)
427

—
55
—
(142)

340
33

373
11
384
—
384
(11)
373

5.49
5.41

68
69

$

$
$

(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:129)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:26)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:23)(cid:6)
‚
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:22)

‚
(cid:25)
‚
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:6)

(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:28)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:129)(cid:6)

(cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:129)
(cid:7)(cid:23)
(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:30)
‚
(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:30)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:6)
(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:26)

(cid:24)Ž(cid:23)(cid:27)
(cid:24)Ž(cid:30)(cid:26)

(cid:25)(cid:22)
(cid:25)(cid:28)

(cid:31)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:24)(cid:6)
‚
‚
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:129)(cid:129)(cid:26)(cid:6)
(cid:25)(cid:25)(cid:30)

‚
(cid:26)(cid:26)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)

(cid:23)(cid:129)(cid:129)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:6)

(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:22)
‚
(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:22)
‚
(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:22)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:6)
(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:24)

(cid:24)Ž(cid:24)(cid:30)
(cid:24)Ž(cid:30)(cid:22)

(cid:25)(cid:25)
(cid:25)(cid:28)

(cid:31)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:27)(cid:27)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:129)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:129)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:129)(cid:26)(cid:6)
‚
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:22)(cid:27)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:24)(cid:6)

‚
(cid:7)(cid:25)
‚
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:28)(cid:6)

(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:6)

(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:6)
(cid:24)
(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:6)
‚
(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:30)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:23)(cid:25)(cid:6)

(cid:8)(cid:25)Ž(cid:28)(cid:25)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:25)Ž(cid:28)(cid:25)(cid:6)

(cid:25)(cid:24)
(cid:25)(cid:24)

(cid:31)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

2011

(cid:31)

(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:23)(cid:23)(cid:22)

(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:28)(cid:6)
‚
‚
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:6)
(cid:24)(cid:22)(cid:7)

(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
‚
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:25)(cid:6)

(cid:26)(cid:30)(cid:129)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:26)(cid:6)

(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:22)
(cid:7)(cid:26)
(cid:26)(cid:7)(cid:129)
(cid:7)
(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:27)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:6)
(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:23)

(cid:30)Ž(cid:7)(cid:23)
(cid:30)Ž(cid:27)(cid:129)

(cid:25)(cid:24)
(cid:25)(cid:25)

(cid:31)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

$ 18,839
2,413
3,266

(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:23)(cid:26)(cid:7)
(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:25)(cid:25)
(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:26)(cid:129)(cid:22)

(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:23)(cid:29)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:24)
(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:26)(cid:23)(cid:30)
(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:7)

(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:129)(cid:129)
(cid:7)(cid:29)(cid:22)(cid:26)(cid:24)
(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:30)(cid:23)(cid:27)

(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:30)
(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:22)
(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:23)

59%

2,229

(cid:24)(cid:23)“

(cid:7)(cid:29)(cid:129)(cid:28)(cid:24)

(cid:24)(cid:7)“

(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:26)(cid:7)(cid:24)

(cid:24)(cid:28)“

(cid:7)(cid:29)(cid:25)(cid:129)(cid:129)

(cid:23)(cid:129)“

(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:23)(cid:28)(cid:25)

23,700

(cid:7)(cid:28)(cid:29)(cid:23)(cid:27)(cid:27)

(cid:7)(cid:28)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:27)(cid:27)

(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:29)(cid:24)(cid:27)(cid:27)

(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:29)(cid:27)(cid:27)(cid:27)

$ 132.34
$ 106.57
$ 128.66

(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:27)Ž(cid:129)(cid:24)
(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:27)(cid:30)Ž(cid:25)(cid:27)
(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:28)Ž(cid:22)(cid:27)

(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:24)Ž(cid:27)(cid:129)
(cid:31)
(cid:28)(cid:129)Ž(cid:22)(cid:22)
(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:28)Ž(cid:22)(cid:27)

(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:27)(cid:24)Ž(cid:24)(cid:25)
(cid:28)(cid:23)Ž(cid:22)(cid:26)
(cid:31)
(cid:28)(cid:28)Ž(cid:28)(cid:26)
(cid:31)

(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:26)Ž(cid:30)(cid:22)
(cid:31)
(cid:28)(cid:22)Ž(cid:24)(cid:26)
(cid:31) (cid:7)(cid:27)(cid:26)Ž(cid:22)(cid:28)

•‰(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:143)—(cid:14)”(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:15)œ(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:19)—ˆ(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)ž(cid:144)(cid:21)Œˆ(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:15)„(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:144)(cid:21)Ÿ(cid:14)‘(cid:3)Ž(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:24)ˆ(cid:27)(cid:30)(cid:14)¡(cid:21)(cid:17)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:10)—(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)¢(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:16)(cid:11)(cid:9)(cid:14)Š(cid:15)(cid:15)„(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:16)(cid:14)’(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:15)œ(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)ž(cid:144)(cid:21)Œˆ(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:15)„(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:144)(cid:21)Ÿ(cid:14)‘(cid:3)Ž(cid:14)
(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:24)ˆ(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:14)¡Œ(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)’(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)…(cid:20)(cid:127)(cid:16)(cid:15)œŽ(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:23)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:4)(cid:20)˜(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:143)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:143)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:19)—Ž(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:14)‘(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)
‘(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)’(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)ž(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:10)„(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:15)Ž

(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:6)(cid:14) (cid:144)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:3)„(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:14)‘(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)‘(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)’(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)ž(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:14)¡‰(cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:20)(cid:143)—(cid:14)”(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:15)œ(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:143)–„(cid:17)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14) (cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:20)˜(cid:3)—(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:16)(cid:143)(cid:16)(cid:157)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:129)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:24)Ž
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:14) (cid:144)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:3)„(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:14)‘(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)‘(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)’(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)ž(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:21)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)£(cid:20)(cid:13)„(cid:20)(cid:18)—(cid:14)(cid:23)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:2)„(cid:18)(cid:15)„(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:144)(cid:1)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)¢(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)†(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)
£„(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:129)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)‘(cid:3)˜(cid:16)(cid:157)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:129)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:9)€(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:14)”(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:14)…(cid:3)€(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:14)”(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)’(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:16)(cid:19)(cid:14)†(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:21)„(cid:11)(cid:29)(cid:14)Š(cid:13)(cid:143)Ž(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:14)€(cid:4)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:19)—ˆ(cid:3)€(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:15)„(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:18)—(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)”(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:14)
(cid:10)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:2)„(cid:18)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:10)(cid:20)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:17)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:20)(cid:143)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:8)¡†(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:21)„(cid:11)œ(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:14)†(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:21)„(cid:11)(cid:14)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)€(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)…(cid:3)€(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:14)”(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:29)(cid:14)€(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:14)…(cid:3)€(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:14)”(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:13)„(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)
(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:15)„(cid:18)˜(cid:17)˜(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:14)€(cid:4)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:19)—ˆ(cid:3)€(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:15)„(cid:11)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:18)—(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)”(cid:17)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:15)Ž(cid:14)

(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)(cid:14) ƒ(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:143)(cid:9)(cid:17)˜(cid:16)(cid:19)—(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:12)¤„(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:143)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:26)Ž(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:129)(cid:27)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)˜(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:143)‡(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:16)(cid:143)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:11)—(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)’(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:13)—(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)£(cid:20)(cid:13)„(cid:20)(cid:18)—(cid:14)(cid:23)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:7)(cid:25)(cid:14)„(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:3)˜(cid:16)(cid:14)†(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)Ž
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:14) Œ(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:16)(cid:15)Ž

220   willistowerswatson.com

Willis Towers Watson plc

SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA

Revenues
Expenses

(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:15)
(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:15)
(cid:141)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)
(cid:144)(cid:157)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:17) (cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:15)
 (cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:18)€(cid:143)(cid:9)€(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:15)

‚(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:15)
Operating income
(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)
ƒ(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)
Income (loss) before income taxes and interest in earnings of

associates

ƒ(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:127)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:9)
Income (loss) before interest in earnings of associates
ƒ(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:143)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:127)
Net income (loss)
„(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:15)…(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:11)€(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:15)
Net income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson

1Q

2Q

3Q

4Q

2015

(millions, except per share data)

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:27)(cid:26)

(cid:31)

(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:24)

(cid:31)

(cid:27)(cid:23)(cid:22)

(cid:31)

(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:23)

$ 3,829

(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:26)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:30)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:24)(cid:25)(cid:129)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:129)(cid:6)

(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:23)
(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:27)
(cid:30)(cid:22)
(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:23)
(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:24)(cid:30)(cid:28)

(cid:31)

(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:22)(cid:30)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:129)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:27)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:30)(cid:26)(cid:6)
(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:7)
(cid:24)(cid:129)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:7)(cid:6)

(cid:25)(cid:129)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:6)
(cid:26)(cid:23)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:26)(cid:24)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:26)(cid:28)

(cid:31)

(cid:8)(cid:7)(cid:26)(cid:28)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:129)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:6)
(cid:24)(cid:26)
(cid:25)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:7)(cid:6)

(cid:30)
(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:24)
(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:129)
(cid:129)
(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:22)
(cid:30)
(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:26)

(cid:31)

(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:27)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:27)(cid:129)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:7)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:129)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:129)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:26)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:24)
(cid:24)(cid:25)
(cid:8)(cid:129)(cid:25)(cid:6)

(2,306)
(799)
(95)
(76)
(126)
(3,402)
427
55
(142)

(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:27)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:6)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:23)(cid:6) $

340
33
373
11
384
(11)
373

(cid:31)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

(cid:30)ˆ(cid:28)(cid:129)
(cid:30)ˆ(cid:28)(cid:30)

(cid:129)ˆ(cid:28)(cid:25)
(cid:129)ˆ(cid:28)(cid:23)

Earnings (loss) per share
(cid:14)†(cid:14)‡(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)
(cid:14)†(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:17)(cid:19)€(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)
Average number of shares outstanding
(cid:14)†(cid:14)‡(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)
(cid:14)†(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:17)(cid:19)€(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)
Other information
(cid:21)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:16)
(cid:14)†(cid:14)‰(cid:17)(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:14)†(cid:14)„(cid:3)Š(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
(cid:14)†(cid:14)‹€(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)†(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)
ŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒŒ
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:14)  (cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:143)(cid:9)(cid:17)Ž(cid:16)(cid:19)‘(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:12)’€(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:143)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:24)ˆ(cid:22)(cid:23)(cid:25)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)Ž(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:143)“(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:16)(cid:143)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:11)‘(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)”(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:13)‘(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)•(cid:20)(cid:13)€(cid:20)(cid:18)‘(cid:14)(cid:23)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:24)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:14)€(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:3)Ž(cid:16)(cid:14)–(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)ˆ
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:14) ‡(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:143)(cid:16)(cid:15)ˆ

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:129)(cid:30)ˆ(cid:23)(cid:24)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:129)ˆ(cid:23)(cid:28)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:26)ˆ(cid:22)(cid:129)

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:129)(cid:28)ˆ(cid:25)(cid:26)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:26)ˆ(cid:24)(cid:30)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:27)ˆ(cid:22)(cid:22)

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:129)(cid:24)ˆ(cid:129)(cid:23)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:25)ˆ(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:23)ˆ(cid:24)(cid:23)

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:7)ˆ(cid:25)(cid:30)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:22)ˆ(cid:7)(cid:26)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:27)ˆ(cid:7)(cid:129)

(cid:31) (cid:8)(cid:28)ˆ(cid:129)(cid:7)(cid:6) $
(cid:31) (cid:8)(cid:28)ˆ(cid:129)(cid:7)(cid:6) $

(cid:30)ˆ(cid:26)(cid:24)
(cid:30)ˆ(cid:26)(cid:28)

$ 132.34
$ 106.57
$ 128.66

5.49
5.41

(cid:22)(cid:27)
(cid:22)(cid:25)

(cid:22)(cid:27)
(cid:22)(cid:25)

(cid:22)(cid:27)
(cid:22)(cid:27)

68
69

(cid:22)(cid:27)
(cid:22)(cid:25)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

2015 Annual Report   221   

Willis Towers Watson plc

SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Continued)

Revenues
Expenses

(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:15)
(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:15)
(cid:129)(cid:16)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:141)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)
(cid:144)(cid:157)(cid:3)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:17) (cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:17)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:15)
 (cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:18)€(cid:141)(cid:9)€(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:15)

ƒ(cid:3)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:15)
Operating income
(cid:5)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:141)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)
„(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)
Income (loss) before income taxes and interest in earnings of

associates

„(cid:13)(cid:141)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:127)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:16)(cid:127)(cid:2)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:11)(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:17)(cid:9)
Income (loss) before interest in earnings of associates
„(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:13)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:141)(cid:17)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:127)
Net income (loss)
…(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:15)†(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:141)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:9)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:11)€(cid:9)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:141)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:15)
Net income (loss) attributable to Willis Towers Watson

Earnings (loss) per share
(cid:14)‡(cid:14)ˆ(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:141)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)
(cid:14)‡(cid:14)(cid:129)(cid:17)(cid:19)€(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)
Average number of shares outstanding
(cid:14)‡(cid:14)ˆ(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:17)(cid:141)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)
(cid:14)‡(cid:14)(cid:129)(cid:17)(cid:19)€(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)

1Q

2Q

3Q

4Q

2014

(millions, except per share data)

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:29)(cid:28)(cid:27)(cid:26)

(cid:31)

(cid:27)(cid:25)(cid:24)

(cid:31)

(cid:23)(cid:30)(cid:22)

(cid:31)

(cid:27)(cid:24)(cid:23)

$ 3,802

(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:26)(cid:28)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:24)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:7)
‚
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:30)(cid:7)
(cid:25)(cid:22)(cid:6)
‚
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:22)(cid:7)

(cid:22)(cid:27)(cid:143)
(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:30)
(cid:30)(cid:27)
(cid:22)(cid:24)(cid:28)
(cid:8)(cid:143)(cid:7)
(cid:22)(cid:143)(cid:6)

(cid:25)‰(cid:6)(cid:22)
(cid:25)‰(cid:24)(cid:26)

(cid:6)(cid:23)
(cid:6)(cid:27)

(cid:31)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:26)(cid:24)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:26)(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:143)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:23)(cid:26)(cid:7)
(cid:30)(cid:143)(cid:23)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:7)

(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:28)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:27)(cid:7)
(cid:24)(cid:30)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:143)(cid:23)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)
(cid:143)(cid:26)

(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:27)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:24)(cid:6)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:26)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:23)(cid:7)
(cid:25)(cid:143)
(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:143)(cid:7)

(cid:8)(cid:27)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:7)
(cid:25)
(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:7)
(cid:30)
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:7) (cid:31)

(cid:31)

(cid:8)(cid:6)(cid:28)(cid:28)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:24)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:7)
(cid:8)(cid:23)(cid:30)(cid:27)(cid:7)
(cid:30)(cid:25)(cid:27)
(cid:30)(cid:23)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:143)(cid:7)

(cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:25)
(cid:8)(cid:25)(cid:24)(cid:7)
(cid:23)(cid:23)
(cid:8)(cid:24)(cid:7)
(cid:23)(cid:25)
(cid:8)(cid:26)(cid:7)
(cid:26)(cid:6)

(cid:28)‰(cid:6)(cid:27)
(cid:28)‰(cid:6)(cid:23)

(cid:31) (cid:8)(cid:28)‰(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:7) (cid:31)
(cid:31) (cid:8)(cid:28)‰(cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:7) (cid:31)

(cid:30)‰(cid:30)(cid:25)
(cid:30)‰(cid:30)(cid:22)

(cid:6)(cid:23)
(cid:6)(cid:27)

(cid:6)(cid:26)
(cid:6)(cid:26)

(cid:6)(cid:26)
(cid:6)(cid:23)

(2,314)
(659)
(92)
(54)
(36)
(3,155)
647
6
(135)

518
(159)
359
14
373
(11)
362

5.40
5.32

67
68

$

$
$

(cid:31)

(cid:31)
(cid:31)

Other information
(cid:21)(cid:4)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:141)(cid:16)
(cid:14)‡(cid:14)Š(cid:17)(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:7)
(cid:14)‡(cid:14)…(cid:3)‹(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:7)
(cid:14)‡(cid:14)Œ€(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:18)‡(cid:16)(cid:13)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:14)(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:7)
ŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽŽ
(cid:8)(cid:30)(cid:7)(cid:14)  (cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:141)(cid:9)(cid:17)‘(cid:16)(cid:19)’(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:12)“€(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:141)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:30)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:14)(cid:22)‰(cid:6)(cid:143)(cid:27)(cid:28)(cid:14)(cid:18)(cid:16)‘(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:9)(cid:3)(cid:141)”(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:17)(cid:9)(cid:14)(cid:16)(cid:10)(cid:10)(cid:16)(cid:141)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:11)’(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)•(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:20)(cid:13)’(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)–(cid:20)(cid:13)€(cid:20)(cid:18)’(cid:14)(cid:143)(cid:29)(cid:14)(cid:22)(cid:28)(cid:30)(cid:6)(cid:14)€(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:141)(cid:3)(cid:157)(cid:2)(cid:19)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:10)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:16)(cid:14)(cid:20)(cid:11)(cid:3)‘(cid:16)(cid:14)—(cid:16)(cid:18)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:18)‰
(cid:8)(cid:22)(cid:7)(cid:14) ˆ(cid:20)(cid:15)(cid:16)(cid:12)(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:13)(cid:14)(cid:9)(cid:18)(cid:20)(cid:12)(cid:17)(cid:13)(cid:1)(cid:14)(cid:2)(cid:18)(cid:17)(cid:141)(cid:16)(cid:15)‰

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:28)‰(cid:22)(cid:30)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:26)‰(cid:23)(cid:26)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:6)‰(cid:27)(cid:28)

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:26)‰(cid:23)(cid:24)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:26)‰(cid:22)(cid:30)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:143)‰(cid:26)(cid:28)

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:22)(cid:28)‰(cid:27)(cid:24)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:25)‰(cid:6)(cid:28)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:23)‰(cid:26)(cid:28)

(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:30)(cid:23)‰(cid:30)(cid:22)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:24)‰(cid:143)(cid:6)
(cid:31) (cid:30)(cid:28)(cid:27)‰(cid:6)(cid:26)

$ 120.95
$ 103.60
$ 118.70

222   willistowerswatson.com

Board of Directors and Executive Officers

Board of Directors

John J. Haley
Chief Executive Officer 

Executive Officers

Nicolas Aubert 
Head of Great Britain

Dominic J. Casserley
Deputy Chief Executive Officer & President

Anne D. Bodnar
Head of Human Resources

Anna C. Catalano
Former Group Vice President, Marketing for BP plc

Matthew S. Furman 
General Counsel

Victor F. Ganzi
Former President & CEO of The Hearst Corporation

Adam L. Garrard 
Head of International

Wendy E. Lane
Chairman of Lane Holdings, Inc.

Julie J. Gebauer
Head of Human Capital & Benefits

Brendan R. O’Neill
Former CEO of Imperial Chemical Industries PLC

Carl A. Hess
Co-Head of North America

James F. McCann
Non-Executive Chairman of Willis Towers Watson
Executive Chairman of 1-800-Flowers.com,  
effective as of June 30, 2016

Jaymin B. Patel
President and CEO of Brightstar Corp.

Linda D. Rabbitt
Founder, Chairman & CEO of rand* construction corporation

Paul Thomas
Former CEO of Reynolds Packaging Group 

Jeffrey W. Ubben
Founder, CEO and Chief Investment Officer  
of ValueAct Capital

Wilhelm Zeller
Former CEO of Hannover Re Group

Todd Jones
Co-Head of North America

Roger F. Millay
Chief Financial Officer

Paul G. Morris
Head of Western Europe

David Shalders
Operations & Technology Director

Gene H. Wickes
Head of Exchange Solutions

Timothy D. Wright
Head of Corporate Risk & Broking

2015 Annual Report   223   

Shareholder Information

Computershare Website: 
www.computershare.com/investor

Sending Transfer Requests by Mail: 
Computershare
PO Box 43001
Providence, RI 02940-3001 USA

Other Reports 
Copies of the Form 10-K are available without charge: 
Company Secretary
Willis Towers Watson Public Limited Company
200 Liberty Street, 7th Floor
New York, NY 10281-1003 
Telephone: +1 800 234 8596 or +1 212 915 8888

Information 
Securities analysts, portfolio managers and others seeking 
financial information: 

Investor Relations:
Aida Sukys
Telephone: +1 703 258 8033
aida.sukys@willistowerswatson.com

News Media: 
Miles Russell
Telephone: +44 20 3124 7446
miles.russell@willistowerswatson.som

Lisa Swatland
Telephone: +1 703 258 7633
lisa.swatland@willistowerswatson.com

Cautionary Language Regarding  
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report to shareholders contains forward-
looking statements, which by their nature involve risks 
and uncertainties. Please refer to the Forward-Looking 
Statements on page 4 and Risk Factors from page 18, for a 
description of certain factors that may cause actual results 
to differ materially from historical results or those anticipated.   

Registered Office
Willis Towers Watson
Willis Towers Watson House
Elmpark
Merrion Road
Dublin 4, Ireland

Principal Executive Offices
Willis Towers Watson Limited Company
c/o Willis Group Limited
51 Lime Street
London EC3M 7DQ
England
Telephone: +44 20 3124 6000

Annual Shareholders Meeting
Friday, June 10, 2016, 9:00 a.m. EST
The Conrad Hotel
102 North End Avenue
New York, NY 10282
United States

Ordinary Share Data
Ordinary Shares are traded on NASDAQ under the symbol, 
“WLTW.” Daily stock quotes can be found on our website, 
www.willistowerswatson.com.

U.S. Transfer and Dividend Paying Agent 
Computershare
250 Royall Street 
Canton, MA 02021
Telephone: +1 866 259 7716  
www.computershare.com/investor

Stock Records 
Computershare 
Telephone: +1 866 259 7716 

+1 201 680 6578 (non-US)
+1 800 952 9245 (hearing impaired) 

Address Shareholder Inquiries to: 
Computershare
P.O. Box 43078 
Providence, RI 02940
web.queries@computershare.com 

224   willistowerswatson.com

 
 
 
About Willis Towers Watson

Willis Towers Watson (NASDAQ: WLTW) is a leading global advisory, broking and 
solutions company that helps clients around the world turn risk into a path for 
growth. With roots dating to 1828, Willis Towers Watson has 39,000 employees 
in more than 120 countries. We design and deliver solutions that manage risk, 
optimize benefits, cultivate talent, and expand the power of capital to protect and 
strengthen institutions and individuals. Our unique perspective allows us to see  
the critical intersections between talent, assets and ideas — the dynamic formula 
that drives business performance. Together, we unlock potential. Learn more  
at willistowerswatson.com. 

15392/04/16

willistowerswatson.com