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1Spatial PLC
Annual Report 2023

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FY2023 Annual Report · 1Spatial PLC
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DELIVERING 
CONFIDENCE IN 

DATA

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FOR A SAFER, 
SMARTER  
AND MORE 
SUSTAINABLE  
WORLD

2023  
Annual Report 
 & Accounts

 
 
 
 
 
 
Contents

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

DISCOVER 
WHAT'S INSIDE 

OVERVIEW
02  At a Glance
04  Investment Case
06  Highlights
08  Our Purpose
10  Our People

INVESTMENT 
CASE

FINANCIAL 
HIGHLIGHTS

04

06

STRATEGIC 
REPORT
12  Chairman’s Statement
14  Market Overview
18  Our Business Model
20  The 1Spatial Platform
22  CEO’s Review
28  Strategic Framework
36  CFO’s Review
40 

 Environmental, Social  
and Governance

52  Principal Risks and Uncertainties
56  Section 172 Statement

CHAIRMAN’S 
STATEMENT

12

CEO’S  
REVIEW

22

CFO’S REPORT

ESG REPORT

36

40

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

01

OUR 2023 
REPORT

GOVERNANCE
58  Board of Directors
60  Corporate Governance Report
62  Audit Committee Report
64  Directors’ Remuneration Report
68  Directors’ Report
70  Directors’ Responsibilities Statement

OUR PURPOSE

08

OUR PEOPLE

10

FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS
71 
77 

Independent Auditor’s Report
 Consolidated Statement  
of Comprehensive Income
 Consolidated Statement  
of Financial Position
 Consolidated Statement  
of Changes in Equity 

78 

79 

81 

80 

114 

 Consolidated Statement  
of Cash Flows
 Notes to the Financial  
Statements 
 Company Statement  
of Financial Position
 Company Statement  
of Changes in Equity
 Notes to the Company  
Financial Statements
123  Company Information

115 

116 

02

At a Glance

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

DELIVERING 
CONFIDENCE 

1Spatial is a global leader 
in Location Master Data 
Management (‘LMDM’).

Accurate and reliable location data provides 
significant opportunities for businesses and 
governments to deliver against important 
sustainability and Net Zero goals, improve 
operational efficiencies and contribute to a 
better society for all.

1Spatial is a leader in delivering Location Master Data Management 
(‘LMDM’) software and solutions. We help solve our customers’ data 
challenges by building strong data foundations and delivering innovative 
solutions for confident and informed decision-making, with location 
data as a key enabler. Our user-friendly, no-code, cloud-enabled solutions 
and business applications facilitate automated data governance while 
delivering increased efficiencies and significant cost-savings – 
contributing to a safer, smarter and more sustainable world.

Our global clients include national mapping and land management 
agencies, utility companies, transportation organisations, government, 
public safety and defence departments.

Our Vision
To be the world’s most trusted provider of Location Master Data 
Management (‘LMDM’).

Our Mission
Our mission is to develop automated solutions and applications 
that instil confidence in data. We do this with our 1Spatial platform – 
automatically auditing, validating, cleansing, synchronising, updating 
and analysing data at speed and at scale – delivering reliable data 
and developing innovative solutions that help our customers make 
better-informed decisions.

347Employees worldwide

OUR PARTNERS

OVER 1,000 CUSTOMERS 

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

03

IN DATA

7Operational countries 25Locations of our key customers

United Kingdom
United States
France
Belgium
Republic of Ireland
Tunisia
Australia

Australia
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
France
Germany
Gibraltar
India
Ireland
Indonesia
Italy
Luxembourg
Monaco

Morocco
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Philippines
Republic of Ireland
Singapore
South Africa
Spain
Tunisia
United Kingdom
USA

Industries
CORE INDUSTRY SECTORS

GOVERNMENT &  
PUBLIC SAFETY
Helping governments manage, share and 
use data to accelerate delivery of 
economic, social and environmental 
benefits, enabling better decisions and 
greater insights.

UTILITIES 

Providing utility organisations with 
confidence in their data as they 
increasingly transform into digital 
organisations with machine learning, 
digital twins and preventative action 
being common practice.

TRANSPORTATION  
& INFRASTRUCTURE
Enabling organisations to effectively manage 
complex supply chains, deliver a dependable 
service and excellent customer experience, 
while reducing carbon emissions and 
environmental impacts for the industry.

04

Investment Case

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

REASONS 
TO INVEST

Growing market opportunities

• 1Spatial sits right at the heart of significant growth 

opportunities across multiple sectors, enabling a smarter, 
safer and more sustainable world. We work together with 
government, utility and transport sectors around the world 
to meet the green agenda, support the investment in 
infrastructure upgrades and help organisations implement 
strategies in response to the digital transformation taking 
place across all industries.

• We collaborate with global partners on large-scale data 
transformation projects and tap into a broader network 
of prospective clients. We harness innovation through 
collaborative partnerships to create technology that 
solves emerging industry needs.

• The Geospatial Information Systems Market is currently 
worth US$10 billion, which is estimated to more than 
double by 2027 to US$21 billion, and secondly, the 
mainstream Master Data Management market, which 
is worth US$16.6 billion but estimated to triple by 2030 
to US$54 billion.

• The US market is a significant growth opportunity for 
the Group, particularly with our Next Generation 9-1-1 
(‘NG9-1-1’) solution where there is a potential US$100 
million market opportunity.

• The traffic management market is a significant growth 
opportunity for the Group with its Traffic Management 
Plan Automation (‘TMPA’) solution for the production of 
automated traffic management plans where there is a 
potential £250 million market opportunity for low-speed 
roads in the UK.

Pioneering technology and long-standing 
location data expertise
• We are pioneers in the auditing, validation, cleansing, 

synchronising, updating and analysing of location data, and our 
technology is recognised as being of a world-class standard.

• Our market-leading technology powers some of the world’s 

largest location data implementations, such as the US Census 
Bureau, the UK National Underground Asset Register (‘NUAR’) 
and HS2, also in the UK.

• We understand the complexity of location data formats and 

sources, the rules that need to be applied to validate data and 
how to resolve issues that arise from complex data integration 
and transformation projects.

• Our domain expertise has been honed over 30 years, which 

presents a high barrier to entry.

• Our patented technology enables us to validate, map and 

integrate data from multiple sources, systems and formats at 
speed and at scale, without requiring the data to be centralised 
beforehand. Our technology can be used to process both 
spatial and non-spatial data. 

“  Our focus on growing recurring 
subscription term licences, our SaaS 
strategy and other recurring revenue 
from long-term contracts will 
continue to deliver revenue growth 
with improved gross margins.”

Valuable  

customer base

Scalable  

business model

• We have a customer base of over 1,000 

• We are transitioning to a SaaS 

organisations, providing a strong 

foundation for growth, as we seek 

to expand these relationships and 

generate additional opportunities.

• While this is already an extensive 

delivery and business model, with 

a growing proportion of recurring 

software revenue. 

• We have built an elastic, multi-tenant 

cloud platform to support increased 

Strengthening  

financial position

• We are delivering growing revenues 

with our global offering and clients in 

25 countries. 

• Our focus on growing recurring 

subscription term licences, our SaaS 

strategy and other recurring revenue 

customer base, we believe, as leaders 

market penetration and scalable growth. 

from long-term contracts will continue 

in location data validation and 

management, we are at an early stage 

of our growth journey.

• Our commitment to service excellence 

• We have a substantial opportunity in the 

USA – our IP currently underpins key 

population communication platforms 

including in California, New York and 

to deliver revenue growth with 

improved gross margins.

• We have a positive adjusted EBITDA 

and profit-before-tax position and 

means we benefit from high levels of 

Arkansas – our solutions are applicable 

our operations generate cash. 

customer retention.

for the towns and cities across 50 states.

• Our balance sheet is strong with a net 

• We forge strong relationships with an 

cash position.

expanding list of partners, providing 

additional sales and marketing reach.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

05

IN 
1SPATIAL

Growing market opportunities

Pioneering technology and long-standing 

location data expertise

• 1Spatial sits right at the heart of significant growth 

• We are pioneers in the auditing, validation, cleansing, 

opportunities across multiple sectors, enabling a smarter, 

synchronising, updating and analysing of location data, and our 

safer and more sustainable world. We work together with 

technology is recognised as being of a world-class standard.

• Our market-leading technology powers some of the world’s 

largest location data implementations, such as the US Census 

Bureau, the UK National Underground Asset Register (‘NUAR’) 

and HS2, also in the UK.

• We understand the complexity of location data formats and 

sources, the rules that need to be applied to validate data and 

how to resolve issues that arise from complex data integration 

and transformation projects.

• Our domain expertise has been honed over 30 years, which 

presents a high barrier to entry.

• Our patented technology enables us to validate, map and 

integrate data from multiple sources, systems and formats at 

speed and at scale, without requiring the data to be centralised 

beforehand. Our technology can be used to process both 

spatial and non-spatial data. 

government, utility and transport sectors around the world 

to meet the green agenda, support the investment in 

infrastructure upgrades and help organisations implement 

strategies in response to the digital transformation taking 

place across all industries.

• We collaborate with global partners on large-scale data 

transformation projects and tap into a broader network 

of prospective clients. We harness innovation through 

collaborative partnerships to create technology that 

solves emerging industry needs.

• The Geospatial Information Systems Market is currently 

worth US$10 billion, which is estimated to more than 

double by 2027 to US$21 billion, and secondly, the 

mainstream Master Data Management market, which 

is worth US$16.6 billion but estimated to triple by 2030 

to US$54 billion.

• The US market is a significant growth opportunity for 

the Group, particularly with our Next Generation 9-1-1 

(‘NG9-1-1’) solution where there is a potential US$100 

million market opportunity.

• The traffic management market is a significant growth 

opportunity for the Group with its Traffic Management 

Plan Automation (‘TMPA’) solution for the production of 

automated traffic management plans where there is a 

potential £250 million market opportunity for low-speed 

roads in the UK.

Valuable  
customer base
• We have a customer base of over 1,000 

Scalable  
business model
• We are transitioning to a SaaS 

organisations, providing a strong 
foundation for growth, as we seek 
to expand these relationships and 
generate additional opportunities.

• While this is already an extensive 

customer base, we believe, as leaders 
in location data validation and 
management, we are at an early stage 
of our growth journey.

• Our commitment to service excellence 
means we benefit from high levels of 
customer retention.

delivery and business model, with 
a growing proportion of recurring 
software revenue. 

• We have built an elastic, multi-tenant 
cloud platform to support increased 
market penetration and scalable growth. 

• We have a substantial opportunity in the 
USA – our IP currently underpins key 
population communication platforms 
including in California, New York and 
Arkansas – our solutions are applicable 
for the towns and cities across 50 states.

• We forge strong relationships with an 
expanding list of partners, providing 
additional sales and marketing reach.

Strengthening  
financial position
• We are delivering growing revenues 

with our global offering and clients in 
25 countries. 

• Our focus on growing recurring 

subscription term licences, our SaaS 
strategy and other recurring revenue 
from long-term contracts will continue 
to deliver revenue growth with 
improved gross margins.

• We have a positive adjusted EBITDA 
and profit-before-tax position and 
our operations generate cash. 

• Our balance sheet is strong with a net 

cash position.

“  We have a substantial opportunity in the USA – our  
IP currently underpins key population communication 
platforms including in California, New York and 
Arkansas – our solutions are applicable for the towns 
and cities across 50 states.”

06

2023 Highlights

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

FINANCIAL 
AND 

Group revenue

£30.0m

2022: £27.0m

 11%

Group total ARR*

£15.8m

2022: £13.4m

 18%

Recurring revenue*

£14.8m

2022: £12.2m

 21%

Term licences ARR*

£5.6m

2022: £4.1m

 37%

Term licences revenue*

£5.2m

2022: £2.9m

 79%

Group gross profit

£15.5m

2022: £13.9m

 12%

Adjusted EBITDA*

Adjusted EBITDA margin (%)*

Operating profit

£5.0m

2022: £4.2m

 19%

16.7%

2022: 15.5%

 1.2pp

Profit before tax

Earnings per share – basic/diluted 

£1.0m

2022: £0.2m

 400%

£1.0m / £.0.9m

2022: £0.3m (basic and diluted restated)

 233%/200%

£1.3m

2022: £0.4m

 225%

Net cash*

£3.1m

2022: £3.2m

 3%

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

07

OPERATIONAL 
HIGHLIGHTS

Highlights

Operational highlights

Outlook

Group revenue increased from 
£27.0 million in FY 2022 to 
£30.0 million in FY 2023 
representing year-on-year growth 
of 11% and resulting in an annual 
increase of 12% in gross profit. 

Operating profit grew to 
approximately £1.3 million from 
£0.4 million in the previous year 
with profit before tax up to 
£1.0 million from £0.2 million 
against the same period last year. 

Significant high-value contracts 
signed in FY 2023 combined with 
a strong pipeline of prospects. 

Organic revenue growth achieved 
from new customer wins and 
expansion contracts in all regions.

A significant increase in Group 
profit before tax compared to  
FY 2022. 

Approximately 50% of revenue 
represented by recurring revenue 
with year-on-year term licence 
revenue growth of 79%.

Continued R&D investment in 
innovative solutions creating 
market-leading Location Master Data 
Management (‘LMDM’) platform.

Trading in the current financial 
year has started positively and, 
while cognisant of inflationary 
cost pressures, the Board remains 
confident in delivering results for 
FY 2024, in line with expectations.

Inflationary cost pressures across 
the business being well managed, 
with the increasing strength of  
the balance sheet providing the 
confidence to continue investment 
into people and offering.

Named among the top 100 
organisations featured in the 2023 
UK’s Most Loved Workplace® list 
backed by Best Practice Institute 
(‘BPI’) research and analysis.

Trading in the current financial 
year has started positively with a 
significantly growing sales pipeline.

Two new SaaS offerings in trials 
with customers, representing an 
additional avenue for growth.

Continuing to invest in sales team 
and offering to capture the 
opportunity.

Continuing growth of ARR and 
revenue backlog provides comfort 
during challenging macro 
environment.

While cognisant of inflationary 
cost pressures, the Board remains 
confident in delivering further 
progress in FY 2024.

*  Alternative Performance Measures (‘APMs’)

The Group uses certain Alternative Performance Measures to enable the users of the Group’s financial statements to understand and evaluate the 
performance of the Group consistently over different reporting periods. APMs are non-GAAP company specific measures. As these are non-GAAP 
measures, they should not be considered as a replacements for IFRS measures. The Group’s definition of non-GAAP measures may not be comparable 
to other similarly titled measures reported by other companies. A description of the measures set out above is included below with a reconciliation to 
the closest GAAP measure included in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements.

APM

Explanation of APM

Recurring revenue (s) Recurring Revenue is the value of committed recurring contracts for term licences and support & maintenance recorded in the year.

Annualised recurring 
revenue (‘ARR’) 

Annualised Recurring Revenue (‘ARR’) is the annualised value at the year-end of committed recurring contracts for term licences 
and support & maintenance.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is a company-specific measure which is calculated as operating profit/(loss) before depreciation (including right of 
use asset depreciation), amortisation and impairment of intangible assets, share-based payment charge and strategic, integration, 
and other non-recurring items.

Net cash

Net cash is gross cash less bank borrowings.

08

Our Purpose

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

UNLOCKING 
THE VALUE OF 

Our Purpose
Our purpose is to help customers make confident and informed decisions 
by unlocking the value of location data for a safer, smarter and more 
sustainable world. We help our customers make critical location-based 
decisions in many different ways.

Safer
With our technology, we help to 
accurately locate underground 
pipes, eliminating the incidence of 
utility strikes, thereby contributing 
to the prevention of injuries and 
delivering substantial cost-savings 
every year.

Our solutions help emergency 
centres in the USA correctly locate 
and route emergency services calls, 
helping to improve response times, 
alleviate the impact of disasters and 
contribute to life-saving emergency 
rescue operations. 

Refer to the section on work we’ve 
done in the USA for NG9-1-1 on 
page 32.

Smarter
Local and national governments 
use our technology to make 
informed, evidence-based decisions 
when setting regulations, collecting 
taxes and providing public services, 
contributing to significant savings 
in public spending.

See how we’ve helped the Rural 
Payments Agency improve their 
decision-making by automating 
their location data management 
on page 30.

More sustainable
As organisations work towards 
achieving their Net Zero goals, we 
create data platforms for modelling 
green decisions and reducing 
carbon emissions. 

See how we’re helping 
organisations meet their Net Zero 
goals by reading our partner 
section on page 34.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

09

LOCATION 
DATA 

Our Stakeholders

Delivering value  
to all shareholders
Supporting the 
environment, our 
people and all 
stakeholders is 
fundamental to 
what drives us 
as a business.

Planet 
We are committed to embedding 
sustainability at the core of our 
business. Not only do we support 
the United Nation’s Sustainable 
Development Goals through the 
work we do for our clients, but 
through our own ESG strategy and 
sustainability initiatives. Our ESG 
strategy and framework which, 
combined with our purpose, will 
guide our decision-making about 
the assets we deploy and the 
outputs we produce.

Customers
We work closely with our 
customers to identify and 
understand their business issues. 
Increasingly, customers cite 
sustainability, health and safety, 
and infrastructure investment as 
key drivers. Helping them make 
data-enabled decisions drives 
development of innovative 
solutions and applications, which 
in turn drives our business growth. 

People
Our dedicated, committed and 
passionate team is the cornerstone 
of our success. Our culture is 
open, supportive, inclusive and 
encouraging. Guided by our 
purpose and underpinned by our 
values (We Respect, We Innovate, 
We Collaborate, We Trust and 
We Care), we believe in the 
concept of 1Team to achieve 
sustainable outcomes.

Suppliers  
& Partners
We strongly value the business 
relationships with our suppliers 
and partners and the opportunities 
created by working together. 
Through partnerships we learn, 
share best practice and set future 
goals so that we can bring our 
software and solutions to new 
geographic regions and industries 
and provide additional scale to our 
capabilities. Our commitment to 
ESG means we are taking steps to 
embed sustainable practices across 
our supply chain.

Shareholders
We believe that our purpose is 
material to the performance of 
our business and aim to generate 
increasing value for our investors 
while managing within the risk, 
governance and compliance 
frameworks that guide us. We aim 
to engage openly, consistently 
and transparently with our 
shareholders through formal AGMs, 
results announcements and 
presentations, investor roadshows 
and conferences and updates on 
our website. 

10

Our People

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

PEOPLE – THE 
LIFEBLOOD

Jessica Sims
HEAD OF GLOBAL 
PEOPLE

“  Our approach to our people 
continues to focus on wellbeing, 
inclusion and employee experience. 
By upholding our values we have 
built an employee culture based on 
respect, trust, caring, collaboration 
and innovation. We are continuing to 
ensure fulfilment of roles, through 
meaningful work, recognition, 
communication, and meeting 
individual development needs.”

Our people are the lifeblood of 1Spatial. 
We aim to hire, nurture and develop 
the best, most diverse teams to help 
our clients solve their most important 
problems and deliver sustained outcomes. 

The work we do lends a sense of purpose to our 
employees, and as a Company, we are passionate 
about corporate citizenship and making our 
world better. 

Promoting engagement
We believe in supporting employees through a 
positive, flexible and inclusive working environment 
built on a foundation of mutual trust and respect.

One of the highlights of 2022 was our inclusion in 
Newsweek’s Top 100 Most Loved Workplace® 
organisations in the UK, backed by Best Practice 
Institute (‘BPI’) research and analysis. 1Spatial was 
selected because of our commitment to putting 
people at the heart of our business, the trust being 
placed in employees to make decisions and execute 
work, the accessibility of our leadership team, 
employee work/life balance and our focus on 
employee wellbeing. 

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

11

OF  
1SPATIAL

Key findings from our  
employee engagement 
survey:

82.3%

are happy with their line  
manager relationship;

74.2%

consider at least one 
colleague a friend;

84.2%

feel respected and trusted by  
their line manager and peers;

70.0%

agree that they are regularly  
updated with relevant 
1Spatial news.

Wellbeing
Employee wellbeing is important to us, 
and we provide mental health awareness 
training, mental health first aiders (in the 
UK) and regular social events to help 
employees take time out from their 
working day. In keeping with current 
employee expectations, 1Spatial supports 
flexible working across all countries. 

Culture, diversity and inclusion 
Our team ethos is not only demonstrated 
by our ongoing commitment to equality 
and diversity but is also reflected in our 
open office space which encourages 
conversation, cooperation and 
collaboration between colleagues at 
every level in every department. 

Our people are passionate about making 
a difference in the world, volunteering 
their time, energy and skills in support of 
good causes. We recognise these 
contributions as part of our ESG strategy.

Attracting and retaining talent 
Our ability to recruit and retain key staff 
is critical to delivering our strategy. 
Crafting suitable employee benefits and 
retention programmes is vital to talent 
management. We continue to review 
employee needs and develop benefits to 
meet those needs wherever possible, 
including supporting flexible working, and 
other benefits such as extended holidays 
and enhanced pension contributions.

We are driven by our five core values

Skills development
All employees have a personal 
development allowance to help them 
shape their own learning. We are 
undertaking a process to ensure all 
employees have a formal Learning 
and Development plan to identify 
training needs and build employee 
skills. We also offer professional 
qualifications through apprenticeship 
programmes and cross-departmental 
training and movement.

WE 
INNOVATE

WE 
COLLABORATE

WE 
TRUST

WE 
CARE

WE 
RESPECT

 
STRATEGIC 

REPORT

12

Chairman’s Statement

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

CONFIDENT IN OUR 
PERFORMANCE 
WITH ANOTHER 

“ We enter the new financial year 
in a strong position and we believe 
the investments made over 
the past year in our people and 
technology position us well to take 
advantage of the huge opportunity 
that is ahead.”

1Spatial has delivered another year of 
solid growth, securing landmark new 
customers across our key geographies, 
many of which have the potential for 
further expansion. We have increased 
investment in the business, adding to our 
team and product and thereby enhancing 
the ability of the business to scale 
through the sale of repeatable business 
applications and software solutions.

Despite the current macro environment, 
digital transformation and government 
investment initiatives continue at pace 
and are driving a substantial need for 
data management tools, particularly 
those capable of managing complex 
location data. 1Spatial is increasingly 
being chosen as the provider for these 
projects sitting at the heart of this rapidly 
increasing demand. 

Our key financial objectives for the year 
were to grow recurring revenues, while 
generating funds to be reinvested into the 
business. We are making meaningful 
progress against our strategic priorities 
and I am delighted to report that we 
achieved double-digit revenue and profit 
growth this year. Our focus on growing 
recurring revenue can be seen in the 
increasing proportion of recurring 
revenues we are now generating, which 
now account for approximately 50% of 
total revenue. The Group has successfully 
managed inflationary pressures, 
achieving adjusted EBITDA growth, 
resulting in our second year of operating 
profit and profit before tax. 

Operational successes
We have won several new landmark 
customers across all regions, with 
particular success in the UK and the US, 
some of which provide us with secure 
long-term levels of annual recurring 
revenue (‘ARR’) and excellent references 
and opportunities to increase revenues 
within these accounts.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

13

 11%

Group revenues 
increased by 11% to 
£30.0m (FY22: £27.0m)

 19%

Adjusted EBITDA  
increased by 19%  
to £5.0m (FY22: £4.2m)

YEAR OF  
SOLID GROWTH

Summary and outlook
This year 1Spatial has become a more 
robust business with an increasing ability 
to capture the growing demand for 
accurate and usable location data. We 
are successfully delivering against our 
three-year growth plan, improving profits 
and cash generation, whilst continuing to 
invest in our platform which will act as a 
catalyst for future expansion. 

Looking ahead, we continue to see 
significant opportunities from the US, 
from our expanding partner network 
and from our investment in our market-
leading cloud platform. Through the 
launch of our cloud platform, we are 
adding a new layer of potential growth, 
targeting niche areas of the location 
market where we have identified 
significant demand and low levels of 
competition, for example our automated 
solution for the creation of traffic 
management plans (‘TMPA’). 

With a strong sales backlog and 
increased levels of recurring revenue, 
I am confident the Group’s success over 
the past 12 months is set to continue. 

People 
During FY 2023, we invested in the 
expansion of our senior leadership 
team to ensure we have the depth of 
management to deliver our growth 
strategy and have been encouraged by 
the immediate positive impacts the new 
team members have made. We were 
delighted to welcome Stuart Ritchie to 
the Board as CFO in December 2022; 
he will provide great financial leadership 
to the business alongside Claire and 
the team, as we seek to capture the 
considerable opportunity ahead of us. 
On behalf of the Board, I would like to 
thank Andrew Fabian for the role he has 
played as CFO in seeing 1Spatial safely 
into its next stage of growth, providing 
the business with a solid financial 
platform to support its evolving SaaS 
business model.

Environmental, Social  
and Governance (‘ESG’)
Like many businesses, ESG is very 
important to 1Spatial as we strive to 
make the world safer, smarter and more 
sustainable for the future. This year, 
we launched our ESG strategy and 
established an ESG steering committee. 
Our ESG report is included on page 40. 
During the coming year, we also plan 
to undertake a detailed carbon 
assessment, starting with our UK 
operations, further details of which 
are set out in the Annual Report. 

Andy Roberts
NON-EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN

25 April 2023

14

Market Overview

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

A 
TRANSFORMATIVE 

Location data is helping to improve responses to the great 
challenges we now face such as climate change, while also 
enhancing the planning and delivery of more immediate projects 
related to infrastructure, construction, housing, transport, retail, 
the environment, and emergency response services. 

Our  
market

Supporting digital 
transformation goals

Data is a critical  
enabler for growth

Several major trends are driving 
geospatial industry growth, including 
the acceleration of digitalisation, the 
integration of geospatial and new 
technologies (such as 3D, machine 
learning and Artificial Intelligence), 
the need to meet Net Zero goals, the 
increasing trend to develop smart cities 
and digital twins, and infrastructure 
stimulus investment plans. 

The International Data Corporation’s 
Customer Insights and Analysis Group 
indicates that worldwide digital 
transformation technology investments 
will total more than US $7.4 trillion 
in 2023, of which quality data is a 
critical enabler.3

1Spatial operates at the intersection 
of two growing global markets: the 
geospatial market – often referred to 
as the GIS (or Geographic Information 
Systems) market – and master data 
management (a technology discipline 
that ensures the uniformity, accuracy and 
accountability of shared data assets).

The global geographic information 
system (GIS) market size reached 
US$ 10.1 billion in 2021. Looking forward, 
the IMARC Group expects the market to 
reach US$ 21.1 billion by 2027, exhibiting 
at a CAGR of 13.1% during 2022–2027.1

Similarly, the global master data 
management market was valued at 
US$ 16.68 billion in 2022 and is expected 
to grow to US$ 54 billion by 2030 at a 
CAGR 15.8% during the forecast period.2

We believe this intersection is a unique 
position in the market and refer to it as 
Location Master Data Management (‘LMDM’).

Sustainability goals, and the move to 
a data-driven economy, continue to 
drive unprecedented growth in both the 
quantity of location data and the need 
for applications to derive value from it. 
80% of all data collected now has a 
location component to it (according to a 
survey by ESRI, a global specialist in GIS, 
location intelligence and mapping software).

In fact, a recent global survey run by local 
intelligence company Carto (a leading 
location intelligence platform) found that 
94% of large businesses collect and/or 
store location data.

This growing business need means 
that location data is becoming more 
“mainstream” as enterprise and 
government organisations place an 
increasing emphasis on its importance. The 
variety of formats and repositories of this 
data, however, mean that much is currently 
unusable – fuelling the growth of solutions 
that will unlock the power of these datasets.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

15

GROWTH 
OPPORTUNITY

The 1Spatial Platform incorporates a 
complete set of Location Master Data 
Management (LMDM) software 
components that can be used to enable 
customers to unlock the value within all 
their data (spatial and non-spatial) to 
achieve their objectives. The importance 
of location-based solutions and the 
resilience of the data that underpins 
these solutions have become imperative 
for organisations to provide the required 
services to their customers or citizens.

1  

2 

3 

 https://www.imarcgroup.com/ 
geographic-information-system-market

 Polaris market research  
(https://www.polarismarketresearch.com/
industry-analysis/master-data-management-
market)

 https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/ 
2019/10/30/dx-technology-investments

16

Market Overview continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

A TRANSFORMATIVE  
GROWTH OPPORTUNITY
CONTINUED

Our applications

Next Generation 9-1-1  
(‘NG9-1-1’)
We estimate that the addressable market 
for our NG9-1-1 application can be broken 
down into two tiers:

1. 

2. 

 US States – with 50 states we 
estimate that the addressable 
market for our enterprise version 
is approximately US$7.5 million of 
Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR).

 US Counties and Cities – our 
SaaS-based validation application 
enables cities and counties to 
validate their location data prior 
to submission to the state. With 
23,000 cities and counties, the 
addressable market is estimated 
at US$100 million+.

Traffic Management Planning 
Automation (‘TMPA’)
The addressable market for our Traffic 
Management Planning Automation 
SaaS-based application for low-speed 
roads in the United Kingdom is estimated 
at £250 million.

Our expertise
The forecast growth of the GIS 
(‘Geographic Information Systems’) 
market is attracting more software 
providers into the market; however, 
we believe very few have the comparable 
experience and expertise in location data 

and the breadth of knowledge of the 
sector. This makes 1Spatial a significant 
and important part of the global 
geospatial ecosystem. This growth of the 
market provides opportunities for us to 
partner with organisations that have 
applications or customers, but not the 
necessary location data management 
skills, products or solutions, creating a 
barrier to entry. Moreover, our close 
relationship with Esri Inc., the global 
market leader in GIS database software, 
gives us additional credibility, while 
enhancing our market reach and visibility. 

We focus on three industries where 
accuracy of location and geospatial data 
are critical: Government, Utilities and 
Transport. This focus spans across four 
geographic markets: the UK and Ireland, 
USA, Europe, and Australia.

At the heart of multiple 
themes: accurate, 
shareable location data
There is a growing awareness across 
multiple industries that location data is 
a vital element in the delivery of more 
efficient, faster and safer services. With 
location data increasingly being used 
as the main point of reference when 
connecting multiple systems, there is 
a need for that data to be accurate 
and shareable.

Sustainability drivers
In the past, our offerings have 
traditionally been used to address 
customer needs such as increased 
efficiencies or cost savings, but 
increasingly these drivers are now around 
sustainability, health and/or safety and 
infrastructure investment. Our rules 
engine, 1Integrate and its companion web 
portal 1Data Gateway are consistently 
being recognised as powerful tools to 
ensure good quality data.

The macro environment
Despite the current macro environment, 
digital transformation and government 
investment initiatives continue to drive 
a substantial need for data management 
tools, particularly those capable of 
managing complex location data. At the 
macro level, we believe themes such as 
the 17 United Nations (UN) Sustainable 
Development Goals (SDGs), a universal 
call for action to end poverty, hunger 
and protect the planet, and specific 
government initiatives, such as President 
Biden’s investment in infrastructure 
development and climate change projects 
will continue to be long-term drivers of 
the need for accurate, location-based, 
shareable data.

Overview

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Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

17

Key Industry Drivers 

MACRO THEMES

ESG and sustainable 
development goals
• 169 targets to measure
• Mapping and location data play 

a significant role

• A need for improved data quality 

driven by the United Nations

TARGET MARKETS

Government 
Investment Initiatives
• US$2 Trillion infrastructure 

investment – USA

• £600 billion investment – 

“Build Back Better” and the 
“Levelling Up Agenda” – UK
• €806 billion Next Generation  
EU – European Commission
• US$500 million funding for  

Next Generation 9-1-1 projects

Digital  
Economy
• Drive for digital representation 

of assets (digital twins)

• Greater need to share data 

across organisations and the 
public sector

• Increasing demand for cloud  

first and SaaS-enabled solutions

Government

Utilities

Transport

MARKET DRIVERS

Sustainability
(drive to Net Zero)

Infrastructure  
Investment

Health & Safety

18

Our Business Model

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Our business 
model is built on 
core strategies 
driving improved 
performance and 
creating innovative 
new products.

ENABLING  
CRITICAL  

Strategic  
Pillar

Innovation
Be innovative in how we 
develop and use our core 
products and technology

How we prioritise our 
business activities

Resources and 
relationships we rely upon

Business
• Financial performance
• Investor growth
• Customer needs

Business
• Financial capital
• Industry expertise
• Customers
• Partners

Read more about innovation 
in practice on page 30

Read more about our 
performance on page 22

Customer Relationships
Be approachable through 
customer-guided innovation 
and market research

ESG
• People
• Planet
• Product
• Practices

ESG
• Our people, customers, 
partners and suppliers

• Shareholders
• Governing institutions

Read more about customer 
relationships in practice 
on page 32

Read more about ESG  
on page 40

Read more about ESG 
on page 40

Smart Partnerships
Be smart in how we  
work with our partners

Technology 
• Innovation
• SaaS-enablement

Technology 
• 1Spatial Platform

Read more about smart 
partnerships in practice 
on page 34

Read more about the 1Spatial 
Platform on page 20

Read more about the 1Spatial 
Platform on page 20

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

19

DECISION- 
MAKING

Our  
Output

Our  
revenue sources

Our  
differentiators

Location Master  
Data Management (‘LMDM’)
As location data specialists, we help 
our customers improve and automate 
their location data management 
processes, delivering significant cost 
and time savings, and crucially, data 
that can be trusted. 

Products 
Our 1Spatial Platform consists of 
a complete set of LMDM software 
components, which combine servers, 
portals, dashboards, SDKs (software 
development kits), APIs (application 
programming interface), data 
connectors, applications, our patented 
1Integrate rules engine and our 1Data 
Gateway self-service web portal.

Applications and solutions
Our applications and solutions 
dramatically reduce the time and cost 
required to create and maintain smarter 
data, automating costly, error-prone 
and time-consuming manual processes 
to enable informed decisions.

Licencing

Consulting services 

Maintenance and 
support contracts

Read more about Location Master 
Data Management, our 1Spatial 
Platform and our solutions and 
applications on page 20

Read more about 
our revenue streams 
on page 22

Speed and scale
Our technology can process data at speed and at 
scale, unlike many of our competitors, powering 
some of the largest spatial data sets in the world, 
including US Census Bureau and Ordnance Survey.

Data and system agnostic
Technology lock-in is not necessary because we do 
not require the data to be centralised beforehand.

Spatial and non-spatial data
Although our technology has been developed 
to work with location data, it can process both 
spatial (including 3D data) and non-spatial data, 
which sets us apart from traditional master data 
management providers.

No-code rules engine
The no-code interface means no programming is 
required and there is no wait time for developers 
to make the changes required by the data team.

Configuration
Our off-the-shelf technology can be rapidly 
configured against business rules for any scenario 
or standard and deployed in a relatively short 
space of time, reducing the time to delivery, risk 
and upfront investment.

Automation
With automation, data governance becomes 
a repeatable process, enforcing data quality 
throughout the whole data management cycle, 
saving customers time and costs in continual 
data maintenance.

20

The 1Spatial Platform 

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

THE 1SPATIAL 
PLATFORM

Automated data governance and 
Location Master Data Management
The 1Spatial Platform is a complete set of Location Master 
Data Management (‘LMDM’) software components, which 
combines servers, portals, dashboards, SDKs, APIs, data 
connectors, business-focused applications, our patented 
1Integrate rules engine and our web-based data upload 
portal, 1Data Gateway.

BUSINESS APPLICATIONS

1Water

1Telecoms

1Water is a business application for 
water network management. This 
global solution has been built on top 
of the Esri platform and works with 
the new Esri Utility Network Model. 
We have used this solution to 
successfully migrate our existing 
French customers in the water sector 
to the Esri platform and intend to 
market this solution globally. We have 
already secured ten utility clients in 
France since its launch late in 2021. 

1Telecoms is a business application for 
fibre optic and telecommunications 
networks, built on the Esri platform. 
It is aimed at operators, engineering 
and construction firms and local 
authorities, enabling them to optimise 
processes around the construction, 
deployment, operation and 
maintenance of telecommunications 
assets. It also helps them accurately 
locate their indoor and outdoor 
telecommunications infrastructure 
while improving inventory 
management and maintenance. 

A central geospatial 
data ecosystem
The 1Spatial Platform is an integrated 
data system – an ecosystem where 
data can be shared – either across the 
business or with other organisations. 

Often, this data may already exist 
elsewhere (internally or externally), 
but the organisation has not had the 
means to access this data. With our 
technology, our customers can 
access this untapped source of data 
– saving them significant amounts of 
time and money.

Since data (and specifically location 
data) is often collected and stored in 
silos, in different standards and 
formats and of differing levels of data 
quality, it needs to be audited and 
assessed against specific standards or 
criteria (‘business rules’) before it can 
be trusted. To rely on this shared data, 
there needs to be a mechanism to 
validate its accuracy.

 
 
Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

1Water

arcOpole PRO 1Telecomms

1SPATIAL BUSINESS APPS

9-1-1

HPMS

Term / VaaS

1Streetworks
/TMPA

SaaS

1SPATIAL BUSINESS APPS

A N A LY S E  

 VALIDATE

UPDATE  

  SYNCHRONISE 

    C L E A N S E

Data standards 
and rules

Data standards and 
rules are configured 
against which  
the data needs  
to conform to.

DATA
S0URCES

3D

NON-SPATIAL

DATA 
SOURCES

CAD

GEOCOBIE

SPATIAL

SYSTEMS

CUSTOMERS

9-1-1

SPATIAL

NON-SPATIAL

21

Customers can analyse  
the data and use it  
for decision-making.

Data is audited and 
validated against  
standards and rules.

Errors/non-conformances 
are flagged for manual 
correction, or by applying 
automatic corrections.

The data is synchronised 
across the data ecosystem. 
Any changes to the data 
will be continually checked 
and updated.

Data is ingested into  
the platform from  
various formats,  
systems and sources.

Next Generation 9-1-1 
(‘NG9-1-1’)

Our Next Generation 9-1-1 Solution 
ensures that emergency services are 
using validated and integrated location 
data and that any issues with the data 
are rectified as quickly as possible. 
The automated process saves time and 
resources, providing a single source of 
truth for multiple emergency services 
departments. By having a complete 
dataset, the emergency service 
departments will be able to react to 
incidents faster, and make decisions 
confidently, based on quality data. 
We are making significant headway 
in the US with this application, and 
to date, we have secured contracts 
with eight federal states.

US Highways Performance 
Management System 
(‘HPMS’)

1Streetworks/Traffic 
Management Planning 
Automation

HPMS was developed in collaboration 
with the US Federal Highway 
Administration. The application 
automates the process of validating 
and preparing the highway/roads data 
for submittal to the Federal Highway 
Agency, which was formerly a very 
arduous process. HPMS data 
submission is critical to each of the 
50 states in the US, as it determines 
the Federal Highway funds to be 
allocated to each state each year. 
This repeatable solution for state 
Departments of Transportation 
provides recurring annual term licence 
and services contracts. Customers 
already include the Federal Highway 
Administration, and the Departments 
of Transport for Massachusetts, West 
Virginia and Pennsylvania. 

1Streetworks is a business unit that 
has developed our Traffic Management 
Planning Automation application, 
enabling the automatic generation of 
statutory traffic management plans 
around essential roadworks. 
Maintenance, repairs and excavations 
on roads to access utility pipelines and 
cables is often unavoidable and, in the 
UK, there are approximately 2.5 million 
works on low-speed roads each year. 
Each one must be planned, and a 
significant amount of time is required 
for the creation of an approved, compliant 
traffic management plan. We believe 
the market opportunity for the 
application to be significant and trials 
have now commenced with several 
organisations across the UK. Initial 
feedback from these trials is positive.

 
22

CEO’s Review

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

CONFIDENT IN OUR 
PERFORMANCE,

This has been another year of progress for 1Spatial 
achieving growth despite a difficult economic backdrop, 
delivering across our strategic growth pillars of Innovation, 
Customer Relationships and Smart Partnerships. 

“ The Group achieved double-digit 
revenue growth in the year, with  
an increasing proportion of 
recurring revenues, which now 
account for approximately 50%  
of total revenue.”

Resilient financial 
performance
The Group achieved double-digit revenue 
growth in the year, with an increasing 
proportion of recurring revenues, which 
now account for approximately 50% of 
total revenue. Within that, high margin 
software term licence revenue increased 
by 79% to over £5 million. 

Our rules engine, 1Integrate, and cloud 
portal, 1Data Gateway, are recognised 
both by our customers and a growing 
number of influential partners, as 
powerful tools to ensure good quality 
data and trust when sharing data. 

Through our offering, we help over 1,000 
customers, spanning key sectors such as 
government, utilities and transportation, 
make better business decisions and 
move towards a smarter world, through 
improved accuracy and sharing of 
location data. 

We are global leaders in providing 
Location Master Data Management and 
this proposition is at the intersection of 
two global growing markets. Firstly, the 
global geographic information system 
(‘GIS’) market size reached US$10.1billion 
in 2021. Looking forward, the IMARC 
Group expects the market to reach 
US$21.1 billion by 2027, exhibiting at 
a CAGR of 13.1% during 2022 - 2027. 

Similarly, the global master data 
management market was valued at 
US$16.68 billion in 2022 and is expected 
to grow to US$54 billion by 2030 at a 
CAGR of 15.8% during the forecast period 
according to Polaris Market Research. 

US delivering strong growth
The US has been key to the Group’s 
expansion, being the most significant 
contributor of recurring revenue with 
growth of 45% in annualised recurring 
revenue at constant currency. During 
the year, we successfully sold and 
implemented 1Integrate and 1Data 
Gateway in several clients, both new and 
expanding on existing contracts, building 
our annual recurring revenue from our 
repeatable solutions such as Next 
Generation 9-1-1.

US legislation requires all states to 
upgrade their emergency services and 
public safety systems. Building digital 
platforms and incorporating the use of 
location data to support Next Generation 
(‘NG’) 9-1-1 services and ensure a modern 
and safe emergency response system. 
Our NG9-1-1 solution, now being 
implemented in eight US states, ensures 
that emergency services are using 
validated, integrated and up-to-date data 
and ultimately that the teams on the ground 
can respond to incidents more quickly.

Overview

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Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

23

PEOPLE, 
PRODUCTS 
AND 
PLATFORM

The launch of our cloud platform in 
January 2023 also means we now offer 
a “light version” NG9-1-1 SaaS solution 
aimed at the counties and cities within 
each state, significantly increasing our 
addressable opportunity. We continue 
to invest in this solution and the trials 
are progressing as planned. 

There is also sizeable opportunity for 
growth within each state by launching 
additional solutions, including Highway 
Performance Monitoring Systems 
(‘HPMS’) and Conflation. HPMS offers 
US highway agencies the ability to fully 
comply with reporting requirements on 
the use of the routes within their 
jurisdiction. The Conflation solution 
enables the aggregation of large 
quantities of data, the automatic 
selection of the best quality data points 
and the generation of an accurate, 
reliable whole data set, We have already 
seen success in California where we 
have doubled the initial annual term 
licence revenue through the upsell of 
additional solutions. 

This all contributes to a high-margin 
medium-term opportunity, based around 
our own IP and channels to market that 
can transform the economics of our US 
operation. Further out we have the 
opportunity for expansion into Canada 
and Latin America.

Europe
In FY 2022, Europe was the most 
significant geographical component at 
a revenue level. However, year-on-year 
growth of 1% in FY 2023 led to this 
segment dropping behind the UK in FY 
2023. Europe experienced some delays in 
FY 2023 transitioning its large customer 
base away from perpetual licences, but 
we are encouraged by the year-on-year 
increase of 15% in Europe’s ARR (‘Annual 
Recurring Revenue’) as well as a 
significant increase in term licence 
revenue compared to last year. On 
1 February 2023, we appointed a highly 
experienced European Sales Director 
to lead this transition and to focus our 
teams on sales of proprietary product.

UK
In the UK, we have delivered top and 
bottom-line growth through new 
multi-year contracts across different 
sectors. We signed our first contract with 
HS2, to build a data validation gateway, 
which has significant potential for further 
expansion. The gateway solution will 
enable HS2 to validate the quality, 
conformance and design of construction-
related data submitted by their supply 
chain, which in turn will contribute 
to the efficiency and effective 
information delivery on Europe’s 
largest infrastructure project. 

Revenue by region

UK/Ireland

Europe

US

Australia

40%

37%

14%

9%

Claire Milverton
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

24

CEO’s Review continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

We are pleased that the first phase of the 
NUAR Project (‘National Underground 
Asset Register’) (also known as the MVP 
stage), has now been completed and 
launched by government on 5 April 2023. 
This first phase of NUAR contains data from 
public and private sector organisations 
which own pipes and cables in North East 
England, Wales and London including all 
of the major energy and water providers.

Successes such as these in the UK, and 
the considerable size of our sales 
pipeline, give us the confidence to 
continue to invest in the business. We 
have the right structure to deliver on the 
growing opportunity as we move into the 
final year of our three-year growth plan. 

Strategic review 
We are building our highly scalable 
business on three pillars: Innovation, 
Customer Relationships and Smart 
Partnerships and I am proud to report 
considerable progress against all three 
throughout the year. 

Innovation 

Innovation lies at the heart of 1Spatial 
and during the year we invested in our 
market-leading platform to ensure our 
patented software remains at the 
forefront of the expanding industry. Our 
software can handle huge volumes of 
complex data allowing our customers not 
only to ensure accuracy and security but 
also save significant amounts of time and 
money, giving them the ability to solve 
complex challenges in the management 
of their spatial and non-spatial data. 

The 1Spatial Platform for Location Master 
Data Management can be split into two key 
areas, one of which is Data Management 
Solutions (managing data to ensure it is 
correct, consistent and compliant) which 
we continued to invest in throughout the 
year, including in our patented 1Integrate 
rules engine and our cloud-enabled portal 
1Data Gateway, to improve the user 
experience. This innovation in both 
1Integrate and 1Data Gateway facilitated 
further growth and accessibility of our 
solutions and the development team 
continue to assess the products against 
both customer and market needs. 

The second key area is Business 
Applications where we have expanded 
our addressable market opportunity 
through the launch of new offerings and 
cloud-based versions of some core 
solutions, making our technology 
available to mid-tier organisations.

We provide two types of business 
applications to meet our customers’ 
needs. Applications can either plug 
directly into the 1Spatial Platform or 
alternatively can plug into the 1Spatial 
Platform whilst also utilising the benefits 
of the underlying Esri technology. 

Applications plugged directly 
into the 1Spatial Platform

Specific Business Applications – 
term licences (cloud enabled)
We have targeted applications such as 
those for NG9-1-1 which are cloud 
enabled and can reside within a 
customer’s own infrastructure, within 
their own private cloud or 1Spatial can 
offer a hosted solution.

Specific Business Applications – 
SaaS applications
This year, we continued the development 
of our Traffic Management Plan 
Automation (‘TMPA’) solution for the 
production of traffic management plans 
within minutes. This is a UK application 
and is currently undergoing trials by 
selected customers. 

Validation Applications  
(Validation as a Service – VaaS)
These applications validate data to a 
pre-defined set of rules and return a report 
and visual map-based representation of 
the errors. The first of these applications 
is NG9-1-1 which we have now launched 
and is undergoing trials. We have also 
identified a number of other VaaS solutions 
across our territories which we will be 
looking to trial during H2 of FY24. 

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

25

Both the Specific Business Applications 
and Validation Applications provide the 
Group with potential exciting new “go to” 
market models, lowering the price point 
for new customers onto the platform, 
making our technology available to 
mid-tier organisations. 

Launch of 1Spatial cloud platform 
During the year, we finalised the majority 
of the development on the 1Spatial cloud 
platform which will allow us to sell the 
cloud solutions noted above. The 
multi-tenancy SaaS platform will be 
more cost effective for 1Spatial as we 
will be managing fewer deployments 
and the elastic nature of the platform 
architecture is more cost efficient.

Applications using the benefits 
of Esri technology
To meet our customers’ needs we also 
invested in our Esri-based business 
applications, such as 1Water and 
1Telecoms which manage water 
and telecom networks respectively. 

Whilst these applications are being sold 
to new customers they are also necessary 
to facilitate the migration from the 
Group’s legacy Elyx platform to Esri-
supported solutions.

Customer relationships

We continued to strengthen our 
relationships with existing customers 
throughout the year and secured 
landmark new customer wins across all 
territories, with particular growth in the 
UK and US, including high-profile 
national-level digital transformation 
initiatives. This has demonstrated 
1Spatial’s increasing ability to secure 
larger contracts across key geographies 
and to design, deliver and implement 
large-scale critical systems. We typically 
expand our customer relationships over 
time, as we identify additional areas in 
which our software and expertise can 
support our customers. 

This year we undertook a customer 
satisfaction survey with our global key 
accounts and, although we recognise 
there are areas to address, compared to 
the 40+ industry average* of B2B 
software and SaaS organisations, we are 
satisfied with the results of an overall 8.1 
Net Promoter Score. 

The success of our customer focus, 
combined with ongoing transition to term 
licencing, can be seen in the 26% growth 
in Annualised Recurring Revenue driven 
both by new customer wins and 
expansion of existing customer accounts. 

* 

Source: Retently B2B sample of 10,000 B2B organisations.

Land and expand
Key new customer wins include:

• High Speed Two (HS2) – supporting the 

UK’s new high speed rail network to 
build a data validation gateway (£0.9m 
over two years with the potential for 
expansion for a further two years).

• Major multi-year contract with a 

leading European aerospace agency – 
for software licences, including 
1Telecoms and 1Integrate, for the 
implementation and subsequent annual 
recurring software and managed 
services. The total value of the contract 
over five years is approximately 
€3 million.

• Five-year contract with University of 
Maryland CATT Labs – with an initial 
value of around US$0.6 million, which 
will be recognised over the five-year 
period, adding to the Group’s annual 
recurring revenue.

• Contract with the state of New York 

– for various proof-of-concept projects 
using 1Integrate and 1Data Gateway.

• Seven-year contract with the state 

of Arkansas – for NG9-1-1, for 
US$1.2 million over the period and 
now the eighth US state to select 
the solution.

• Contract with the Eastern Transportation 
Coalition, a partnership of 18 US east 
coast states and Washington DC, which 
has secured its first contract through 
the marketplace, for US$400k with 
Massachusetts Department of 
Transportation. 

26

CEO’s Review continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

• Contract with the state of Indiana – 

for various proof-of-concept projects 
using 1Integrate and 1Data Gateway.

• Contract with Highlander Tek in the 
USA for licence fees for 1Integrate 
and 1Data Gateway, for US$90k, a 
geospatial platform that provides 
delivery-specific location information 
to streamline the shipping process 
from quote to delivery to payment. 

• Additional services and licences for 
Google Real Estate and Workplace 
Services — US$0.9 million 
(US$0.3 million licence).

• In France, 32 existing customers have 

completed or commenced migration from 
the Group’s legacy Elyx platform to 
Esri-supported solutions, including 1Water.

Smart partnerships

These new clients provide secure 
long-term levels of ARR and excellent 
references and opportunities to increase 
revenues within these accounts. 

Partnerships have played a critical role 
in enabling us to secure new customers 
in the year, demonstrating the credibility 
of these businesses. 

Customer expansion contracts in the 
period, included: 

• Department of Environment, Food and 
Rural Affairs (‘Defra’) to support the 
Land Management System, operated 
by Defra’s Rural Payments Agency 
(‘RPA’), in partnership with Version 1 – 
£1.2 million over five years. 

• Another contract win with Defra and 
RPA  to support its field collection 
system – £0.5 million (£0.4 million 
licence over two years).

• Multi-year framework agreement with 

Land and Property Services in 
Northern Ireland in partnership with 
Version 1, to support the Department 
of Finance’s ongoing programme of 
Digital Transformation.

• Managed service for a major utility 

organisation in France in support of the 
deployment of 1Water – €0.3 million.

• US$1.4 million expansion contract with 
the state of California over four years 
– secured in partnership with Rizing 
(now Wipro), a global SAP partner. The 
state of California is an existing client 
of 1Spatial, having already selected 
1Spatial’s Next Generation 9-1-1 solution.

Key focus areas have been to identify 
and extend our relationships with large 
global corporates, where location data 
management forms part of a larger 
customer bid, and to extend our 
technology partnerships with Esri and 
other geospatial vendors such as 
Hexagon Geospatial. 

Key partnership highlights include the 
signing of a teaming agreement (delivery 
partnership) with CGI Inc., one of the 
world’s largest independent IT and 
business consulting services firms, to be 
a strategic delivery partner on a five-year 
contract with the Home Office. We also 
started working in partnership with ATOS, 
a global leader in digital transformation 
and Rizing (now part of Wipro), a global 
SAP partner. We secured a four-year 
contract with the California Department 
of Transportation (‘Caltrans’) which was 
won in conjunction with Rizing and is an 
indication that our strategic growth plan 
in the US continues to bear fruit.

Large global corporates
We are increasingly being selected as 
the data integrity provider within a 
consortium, cleansing the data before 
passing it back through wider systems. 
The depth of our data domain expertise 
and the enterprise grade of our software 
means we are one of the few technology 
partners able to work on the scale that 
our partners need.

New partners we have commenced work 
with this year include Atkins, QinetiQ and 
Landmark. We also strengthened our 
longstanding partnership with both 
Version1 and Ordnance Survey. 

Technology partnership – Esri
Our long-term partnership with Esri is a 
key differentiator for us in many markets 
and provides a major opportunity as we 
build our own IP solutions. Esri is the 
global market leader in GIS with a 
network of over 2,700 partners around 
the world. We are engaging with our 
European contacts to showcase our 
Utility Network Migration Capabilities 
to different geographies across Europe.

Corporate activity
We will continue to identify potential 
strategic and bolt-on acquisitions to 
complement our organic growth.

People
The success of our business is a tribute 
to our employees’ commitment and 
knowledge. We continue to invest in our 
people, providing them with the tools and 
training to support and allow them to 
realise their potential. The success of this 
is evidenced through our selection as one 
of the top 100 organisations featured on 
the 2023 UK’s Most Loved Workplace® 

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Corporate Governance

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27

list backed by Best Practice Institute 
(‘BPI’) research and analysis. This was 
based on our scores on their Love of 
Workplace Index™, which surveys 
employees on employee satisfaction and 
sentiment, including the level of respect, 
collaboration, support, and sense of 
belonging they feel inside the Company.

We continue to roll out mental health 
awareness training, internal events and 
initiatives to encourage staff to take time 
out from their working day and have 
appointed mental health first aiders. 
We kicked off our annual wellbeing month 
in September 2022 and held a range 
of activities including an employee 
volunteering community clean-up day 
in the UK. 

We are always looking at ways to ensure 
equality and diversity across our 
Company and an inclusive, welcoming 
working environment for everyone. Over 
the past year, we have created global 
initiatives to celebrate: International 
Women’s Day, Thanksgiving, Mental 
Health Awareness Week, Earth Day and 
Health and Happiness Month.

We continuously monitor the skills and 
expertise of the senior leadership teams 
across all of our regions. During the latter 
stages of FY23 and early part of FY24, we 
brought a highly experienced Sales 
Director into each of our European and 
US businesses. These individuals will 
enable us to deliver on the growing 
opportunities ahead of us and to ensure 
we have the ability to grow our sales 
pipeline across our key geographies.

During the year we carried out an 
employment engagement survey to 
determine employee satisfaction. 

We were delighted with the overall results 
and feel that we have developed a great 
team spirit as an organisation. The survey 
showed that over 80% of our people are 
happy with their line manager relationship 
and feel respected and trusted by their 
line manager and peers and 70% of 
colleagues felt that they were regularly 
informed with relevant 1Spatial news. 
We will continue to survey the team and 
strive to improve our scores each year. 

The teams continue to show ingenuity 
and commitment day-to-day, and live our 
values as revised in 2021: We Respect, We 
Innovate, We Collaborate, We Trust and 
We Care. As a Board, we thank them 
wholeheartedly; their ability to innovate 
continually whilst delivering the highest 
levels of customer satisfaction means 
that our growth pillars are built on very 
secure foundations.

Strategic priorities 
for the year ahead 
As we move into our final year of our 
three-year growth plan, we will continue 
to invest in the business to take 
advantage of the huge opportunity ahead. 
Through the launch of our cloud platform 
in January 2023 , we have added a new 
layer of potential growth, targeting niche 
areas of the location market where we 
have identified significant demand and 
low levels of competition.

We will continue to grow our pipeline and 
invest in the business and our people to 
support our expanded customer base. 
The Group remains focused on increased 
revenue growth, underpinned by growing 
annual recurring revenue, increased 
profitability at adjusted EBITDA level 
and higher cash generation over the 
long-term.

Current trading 
and outlook 
This year confirmed that 1Spatial 
sits right at the heart of numerous 
changes across multiple sectors. 
We secured a number of high-level 
wins, invested in our technology and 
sales team, and expanded our 
customer and partner networks to 
position the business to serve a range 
of customers globally. 

Looking ahead, we see multiple areas 
of significant opportunity, particularly 
in the US and for our new SaaS 
offerings. Through the launch of our 
cloud platform we are adding a new 
layer of potential growth, targeting 
niche areas of the location market 
where we have identified significant 
demand and low levels of competition. 
We believe these offerings have the 
potential to be transformational 
for 1Spatial.

Trading in the new financial year has 
begun positively. Our growing sales 
pipeline and increased levels of 
recurring revenue provide the Board 
with confidence in the Group’s 
prospects, and we will continue 
to invest in our sales team and 
offering to capture what we believe 
to be a considerable long-term 
growth opportunity.

Claire Milverton

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

25 April 2023

28

Strategic Framework

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Building a highly scalable 
business based on our 
three strategic pillars

We have now completed two years of 
our three-year strategy, having made 
strong progress across all three pillars. 
We are proud of our world-class, 
dedicated, passionate and driven team 
of people who embody our brand 
values. Their ability to continually 
innovate while delivering the highest 
levels of customer satisfaction means 
that our strategic growth pillars are 
built on secure foundations.

OUR  
STRATEGY

INNOVATION

Be innovative in how we develop and use our core 
products and technology

Objectives

•  Data management solutions: We will enhance our core 1Integrate rules 
engine, using new technologies to improve our competitive positioning.

•  Business applications: We will develop and bring to market powerful business 
applications developed to meet our customer needs, focusing on the sectors in 
which we have extensive expertise and proven competitive advantage.

•  Cloud platform: We will deliver our business applications quickly and 

efficiently. We will develop a scalable, multi-tenant cloud platform, which 
provides customers access to configured versions of our business applications. 

Progress

•  1Integrate continues to evolve; we have added more powerful capabilities and 

enabled it to handle even more types of data and API access. 

•  1Integrate can now validate data schemas (the structure of the data) as well as 

the data content, and we made it easier to define powerful schema 
transformations for data migration and ETL (extracting, transforming and 
loading of data) projects. 

•  1Integrate’s user interface is brand new, modernised following iterative usability 

testing to provide an improved user experience and increased productivity. 

•  The modern design is future-proofed for further enhancements, ready for 

release by Q2 2023. 

•  We added further enhancements to 1Data Gateway, including many security and 

enterprise integration capabilities, as well as containerised deployments. 

•  Our 1Streetworks Automated Traffic Management Planning Automation is 

already being trialled by several customers. 

•  We continue to evolve and roll out validation applications to support NG9-1-1 

and Highways Performance Management System projects. 

•  Our Mobile capabilities – which enable the rules engine to be run on mobile 

devices – became more powerful with an improved user experience and went 
live with new customers. 

•  Our cloud capabilities continue to evolve for the global business and global 

marketplace, with streamlined deployments and advanced logging and analytics 
for our SaaS products and solutions. 

Read more about our 1Spatial 
platform on page 20

 
 
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FOR  
GROWTH

CUSTOMER 
RELATIONSHIPS 

SMART  
PARTNERSHIPS

Be approachable through customer-guided 
innovation and market research

Be smart in how we work with our partners

Objectives

Objectives

•  Develop solutions to address problems: We will leverage 
our customer relationships to identify business problems 
and develop business applications to solve them.

•  Major tech and GIS Partners: We will partner with major 
technology consultancies and GIS providers in complex 
customer programmes. 

•  First to market: We will be first to market with innovative 

•  Software Partners: We will collaborate with software 

solutions for wide-ranging business problems in our 
target markets. 

platform providers such as Esri to enhance their offerings 
through the development of pre-built business applications. 

•  Land and expand: We will use our sector-specific business 

•  Complementary domain expertise Partners: We will 

applications to secure new customers and expand our 
engagements through the cross-sell of additional solutions, 
1Integrate and business applications.

partner with other organisations to enter adjacent industry 
verticals, where our location data expertise can 
complement their domain expertise. 

Progress

Progress

•  The success of our customer focus, combined with ongoing 
transition to term licencing, can be seen in the 18% growth 
in Annual Recurring Revenue (‘ARR’) driven both by new 
customer wins and expansion of existing customer accounts.

•  New contract wins in five US states for various solutions, 

including our Next Generation 9-1-1 application, supporting 
our expansion strategy and growth in the USA.

•  A key new contract win with HS2 (High Speed Rail), Europe’s 

largest infrastructure project.

•  A new major multi-year contract win with a leading 

European aerospace agency.

•  An expansion contract with the state of California over  

four years.

•  Two expansion contracts with the Department of 

Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (‘Defra’).

•  An expansion managed service for a major utility 

organisation in France.

•  A renewal of services for Google Real Estate and Workplace 

Services in the USA.

•  A contract win with Highlander Tek in the USA.

•  We’ve been selected as preferred providers on several 
frameworks, including the UK Home Office Strategic 
Delivery Partner Framework with CGI, and Atos’ Horizons 
programme for SME partners. 

•  We have forged stronger relationships with leading 
technology consultancies including Infosys, Rizing, 
Enzen and PA Consulting.

•  We continue to strengthen and expand our relationships 
with key players in the geospatial sector such as Esri, 
Hexagon, Ordnance Survey and Safe Software, as well 
as forging closer ties with our existing partners Atkins, 
Version1 and QinetiQ.

•  We are actively collaborating with partners on several 

major projects, such as Atkins and Ordnance Survey on 
the National Underground Asset Register (‘NUAR’), the 
state of California with Rizing (now part of Wipro), and 
with Version1 on Land and Property Services in 
Northern Ireland.

Read more about our contract wins 
in our CEO’s Report on page 22

Read more about our 
partnerships on page 34

30

Strategic Framework – Innovation in Practice

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

DRIVING 
INNOVATION

The Rural Payments Agency (‘RPA’) makes 
payments of over £2 billion per year to farmers, 
traders and land owners, to support farmers’ 
incomes and rural development. 

Case study

Rural Payments Agency,  
United Kingdom
Many farmers rely on these payments, 
therefore prompt, accurate payments 
are essential.

Data for the Rural Payment service is 
managed by the Land Management 
System (‘LMS’), holding geospatial 
master data that includes 2.5 million land 
parcels and 3.4 million land cover records 
required to manage farm payments. It is 
supported by a team of land digitisers 
who convert farmers’ paper submissions 
into geospatial data and manage any 
subsequent changes, updates or 
corrections. The LMS enables the 
verification of changes using remotely 
sensed geospatial data (such as aerial 
photography) and farm inspections.

Supporting digital and data 
driven decision-making
The Rural Payments Agency – and its 
sponsor, the Department for 
Environment, Food & Rural Affairs 
(‘Defra’) – have an aim of becoming more 
digital and data-driven; using data to 
support faster, more accurate decisions. 
To achieve this, the LMS data must be 
kept accurate and current.

1Spatial, in partnership with partners 
Version 1, was awarded the contract to 
support the management of geospatial  
data infrastructures to the LMS, and with 
Location Master Data Management.

“1Spatial’s involvement has 
helped us meet our performance 
targets and move towards our 
goal of becoming an increasingly 
digital and data-driven 
organisation.”

Brian O’Toole,  
Geospatial Lead, Rural Payments Agency

Brian O’Toole
GEOSPATIAL LEAD 
RURAL PAYMENTS 
AGENCY

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FOR A 
SUSTAINABLE 
FUTURE

“ From the beginning, 1Spatial has impressed with 
its partnership approach, its engineering rigour 
and its geospatial expertise.”

Brian O’Toole – Geospatial Lead, Rural Payments Agency

Faster updates
Prior to 1Spatial getting involved, the 
validation of geospatial data updates was a 
major constraint on the system. Updates 
submitted by inspectors or from aerial 
photography needed validation by land 
digitisers. At the start of the contract, there 
was a backlog of hundreds of updates that 
required checking.

As a result, a substantially increased 
proportion of data submissions was being 
checked and validated automatically, 
reducing the number requiring expert, 
manual intervention significantly. RPA’s team 
of land digitisers could then focus their 
expertise on the remaining, more difficult 
exceptions.

Using our experience of similar situations and 
with the support of our 1Integrate software, 
the 1Spatial team reviewed and updated the 
pre-existing automated data validation rules. 
Several improvements made automatic 
validation of data much more efficient. 

The project resulted in a more accurate, 
up-to-date geospatial dataset, enabling 
better decision-making, while improved 
access to the updated geospatial dataset 
through services ensures a consistent 
approach to the digitising and editing of data.

 
32

Strategic Framework – Customer Relations

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

FORGING 
STRONG

Case study

Sheila Steffenson
CEO  
1SPATIAL INC. USA

We have built solid and lasting relationships 
with customers across eight states in the USA, 
to help them respond to Next Generation 9-1-1 
(‘NG9-1-1’), a US Government-led initiative that 
involves a transition to using geospatial data 
for faster and more accurate 9-1-1 call routing.

Next Generation 9-1-1, USA
NG9-1-1 will enable first responders to 
receive essential location information  
from 9-1-1 calls, as well as improving the 
management of call overload in situations 
such as natural disasters. Transitioning to 
NG9-1-1 will improve 9-1-1 call handling 
and response times to dispatch life-
saving resources to those in need.

State-wide data validation and 
integration are critical factors  
for success
State entities, cities, counties, and public 
safety answering points (‘PSAPs’) need 
to conform with specific standards to 
provide data to a private network that 
enables emergency services and 
data communications. 

However, there are significant state-wide 
variations in data standards and a lack 
of coordination between jurisdictions. 
The process of identifying errors in their 
data is often a manual one, resulting in a 
significant investment in time and costs. 
Some entities have found that an 
automated solution can take years to 
be developed and deployed. 

“We absolutely recommend 1Spatial. Not 
just because of the functionality they’re 
providing us in terms of scalability and 
customisation, but also because of the 
culture of the organisation. The people 
that become part of your team are great 
to work with. They are curious, problem 
solvers, they have great senses of 
humour, and those are our favourite sorts 
of people to work with.” 

Natalie Lee – Geospatial Data Programs 
Manager, State of Georgia

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CUSTOMER 
RELATIONS

“ At 1Spatial, we consider our customers as partners and our main 
priority. We are constantly looking for ways to enhance our offerings 
to better support them. We continually explore new opportunities 
where our rules can be enhanced and/or used in other use cases 
within our client or partner organisations, thereby creating additional 
value that extends further across the entity – and beyond NG9-1-1.”

  Sheila Steffenson – CEO, 1Spatial Inc. USA

Automated data validation
1Spatial’s offering includes a configurable 
enterprise solution for state entities, as 
well as a more affordable, pre-configured 
Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) solution for 
cities and counties.

Trusted by eight US states
To date, we have delivered our configurable 
software and solutions to eight states: 
Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Montana and 
New Jersey.

Dedicated to solving our 
customers’ problems
1Spatial’s Public Safety NG9-1-1 solution 
combines its powerful rules engine 
1Integrate with its 1Data Gateway self-
service cloud platform to support these 
public safety entities in their data- 
readiness needs. Working closely with our 
customers, pre-configured rules have been 
aligned to relevant standards and state-
specific requirements which identify exactly 
where the data requires adjustment, 
enabling users to immediately and 
accurately pinpoint problems and errors 
that can then be rectified quickly.

The completeness and 
accuracy of data is essential 
in an NG9-1-1 project
With the automated data validation process, 
the data is guaranteed to be accepted, 
reducing unnecessary reworks and providing 
assurance that calls are routed to the correct 
PSAP, thereby ensuring that the right 
emergency services teams are dispatched 
as quickly as possible.

34

Strategic Framework – Partnerships in Practice

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

COLLABORATING

Our partners are leaders in their fields that 
share 1Spatial’s ethos of making the world 
safer, smarter and more sustainable. 

Case study

In the past year, we’ve taken significant 
strides in expanding and forging new 
partner relationships since appointing 
our dedicated partner manager, Warren 
Gilmour, in April 2021. Through our 
delivery partners, we’ve been selected 
as preferred providers for location data 
management projects on several 
frameworks, including the UK Home 
Office Strategic Delivery Partner 
Framework with CGI, and Atos’s Horizons 
programme for SME partners. We have 
also forged stronger relationships with 
Infosys, Enzen, Version 1, QinetiQ and 
PA Consulting.

Moreover, we continue to focus on 
expanding our relationships with key 
players in the geospatial sector such 
as Esri, Hexagon and Safe Software.

“By harnessing technology to enable data 
sharing, we’re able to transform how we 
deliver projects and infrastructure by 
unlocking improvements in safety, 
certainty and efficiency. Working with 
1Spatial and the Ordnance Survey to 
develop the National Underground Asset 
Register is a truly exciting and 
transformative project for the 
infrastructure sector.” 

Guy Ledger, Digital Director, Atkins

“At Version 1, we consider 1Spatial to 
be an excellent strategic partner. Our 
businesses collaborate to deliver 
excellence to our customers; marrying 
our complementary competencies to 
create value-add propositions. 
Furthermore, our core values are closely 
aligned and demonstrated in our work 
together. Our partnership with 1Spatial is 
central not only to our work with our 
customers such as RPA, Defra and LPS 
but also to Version 1’s broader growth 
strategy across the UK and Ireland’s 
public sectors.” 

James Mayo, Senior Account Manager, 
Version 1

Warren Gilmour
GLOBAL PARTNER 
MANAGER 
1SPATIAL

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35

FOR 
GROWTH

“ We continuously strive to deliver the very best solutions for our 

customers. Building and maintaining close relationships with partners 
means we bring additional value to our customers in areas where 
highly specialist domain knowledge and capabilities are key success 
factors. Harnessing these relationships, combined this with the power 
of our 1Spatial platform, means we can reach a growing platform of 
new customers and markets, and achieve a greater impact at scale.”

Warren Gilmour, Global Partner Manager, 1Spatial

National Underground Asset 
Register Project (‘NUAR’)
Client: Geospatial Commission 
Partner: Atkins 

1Spatial was appointed by engineering 
consultancy firm Atkins to support its data 
transformation and ingestion requirements 
for the NUAR project. The project is being 
led by the UK Geospatial Commission, 
supported by Atkins and UK mapping 
agency Ordnance Survey. NUAR will 
improve the efficiency and safety of 
underground works by creating a digital 
map of underground pipes and cables of 

England and Wales. The project, when 
complete, will revolutionise the way the UK 
installs, maintains, and repairs its buried 
infrastructure. The UK does not currently 
have a single platform that allows 
consistent access to data related to 
underground assets. More than 650 asset 
owners are required to share their data via 
1Spatial’s online portal 1Data Gateway, while 
1Integrate transforms the data from their 
source representation to a target NUAR 
data model. We are pleased that the first 
phase of the NUAR Project (National 
Underground Asset Register, also known as 
the MVP stage), has now been completed.

36

CFO’s Review

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

DELIVERING 
DOUBLE-DIGIT 
GROWTH IN 

In FY 2023 the Group continued to build on 
foundations set in the previous year by delivering 
double-digit growth in annual revenues, future 
recurring revenues and adjusted EBITDA. 

“Group revenue increased by 
11% (9% at constant currency) to 
£30.0m from £27.0m in FY 2022.”

The improvement in the financial 
performance, notably in operating profit 
and profit before tax, has resulted in an 
increase of 112% in cash generated from 
operations to £5.4 million (FY 2022: 
£2.5 million). Increases in these key 
financial metrics have allowed the Group 
to continue significant investment into 
development of its proprietary technology. 

Recurring revenue
The business strategy is to grow revenue 
from repeatable business solutions on 
long-term contracts by increasing sales 
of term licences (rather than one-off 
perpetual licences) and increasing the 
proportion of recurring revenue 
compared to services. 

Revenue 
Group revenue increased by 11% 
(9% at constant currency) to 
£30.0 million from £27.0 million 
in FY 2022. 

As a result, excluding the impact of the 
reduction in perpetual licence revenue, 
the business achieved a year-on-year 
growth in total revenue of 15%. Recurring 
revenue, as a percentage of total 
revenue, increased to almost 50% 
(FY 2022: 45%). Revenue by type is 
shown below:

ARR
The Annualised Recurring Revenue 
(‘ARR’) increased by 17% from 
£13.4 million to £15.8 million as at 
31 January 2023 with ARR attributable 
to term licences growing by £1.1 million. 
The growth rate varied by region with the 
US region growing at 59%, boosted by 
the several multi-year term licence sales. 
The overall renewal rate improved to 
94% (FY 2022: 93%) providing a strong 
platform for the current year. 

Revenue by type

Recurring revenue 
Services

Revenue (excluding perpetual licences)
Perpetual licences

Total revenue

Percentage of recurring revenue

FY 2023 
£m

FY 2022 
£m

%  
change

14.76
13.52

28.28
1.72

30.00

49%

12.18
12.36

24.54
2.49

27.03

45%

21%
9%

15%
(31%)

11%

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Profit before tax

400%

2023
2022

£0.2m

£1.0m

Group Recurring Revenue

21%

2023
2022

£14.8m

£12.2m

Annualised Recurring Revenue

17%

2023
2022

£15.8m

£13.4m

ANNUAL 
REVENUES 
AND 
ADJUSTED 
EBITDA

ARR by region

UK/Ireland
Europe
US
Australia

Total ARR

FY 2023  
£m

FY 2022  
£m

% growth

6.51
5.49
2.22
1.56

15.78

5.93
4.79
1.40
1.32

13.44

10%
15%
59%
18%

17%

Committed revenue
The level of committed services revenue, which has reduced since the start of the year 
as services revenue on the major projects we won last year is recognised, nevertheless 
remains high at approximately £10 million and provides strong revenue visibility, 
underpinning the Group’s strong financial footing. 

The combination of growing ARR, committed services revenue backlog and a strong 
pipeline of prospects means that the business is on track to make further progress on 
its revenue growth plan. With the business focus on developing and selling repeatable 
software solutions, there is an increased level of revenue visibility, which allows the 
Board to continue to invest with confidence. 

Regional revenue

Regional revenue

UK/Ireland
Europe
US
Australia

Total revenue

FY 2023 
£m

FY 2022 
£m

%  
change

% change  
(constant fx)

11.92
11.01
4.30
2.77

30.00

9.93
10.88
3.72
2.50

27.03

20%
1%
16%
11%

11%

20%
1%
3%
6%

9%

Revenue (at constant currency) grew organically in all regions, with overall revenue 
growth of 11%. The UK/Ireland region had a further year of double-digit growth, 
with a revenue increase of 20%. 

Stuart Ritchie
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

38

CFO’s Review continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Operating profit and profit before tax
The Group achieved an operating profit of £1.3 million (FY 2022: 
£0.4 million) and profit before tax of £1.0 million (FY 2022: 
£0.2 million), representing a further year of significantly 
improved profitability for the Group compared to the prior year. 

Taxation
The net tax credit for the period was £14k (FY £0.2 million). 
The 2022 tax credit is as restated following a prior year 
adjustment leading to the creation of a deferred tax asset.

Balance sheet
The Group’s net assets increased to £17.4 million at 
31 January 2023 (2021: £15.5 million), mainly due to the overall 
profit after tax adjusted for currency differences in reserves.

Trade and other receivables increased in the year to £14.2 million 
(FY 2022: £12.3 million), mainly due to increased accrued income 
at year-end and timing of invoicing and payment receipts 
attributable to the increased level of revenue. Trade and 
other payables increased in the year to £15.8 million (2022: 
£13.3 million) due to timing of payments around year end and 
increases in the levels of recurring cost around the Group.

Cash flow
Operating cash inflow (before strategic, integration and other 
non-recurring items) increased significantly to £5.4 million 
(2022: £2.8 million) due to continued focus on improving 
working capital on larger projects, resulting in a significant 
improvement in free cash flow in the year. As part of the 
three-year growth plan, the Group has been investing in 
expanding the sales and delivery team and investment in 
product development and this impacted the operating cash 
flow and free cash flow as shown below. 

In Europe, revenue was impacted by the timing of closing 
contracts during the year and a slower transition to a recurring 
term licence model than anticipated. This resulted in modest 
growth of 1% at constant currency. The US had a strong year 
with a large increase in sales of term licences, increasing total 
ARR by 59%. Combined with a lower level of services, the 
revenue growth in the year in the US was more modest than in 
previous years at 16%. In Australia, where revenue is primarily 
derived from third-party software deals, we experienced more 
competitive pricing pressure, combined with the transition from 
perpetual to term licences, which resulted in only 6% growth in 
revenue at constant currency. Going forward, all regions will 
continue to focus on increasing sales of higher-margin owned 
technology sold as term licences. 

Gross profit margin
The gross margin grew by 11% but gross margin % was the 
same as the prior year at 52%. The Board approved expenditure 
increases in sales and delivery capacity in order to secure higher 
value contracts; and increased spending on R&D, which is 
included within the cost of sales, is expected to yield higher gross 
margins in future years. Going forward, the management team 
are also focused on driving improvements to gross margin 
through revenue growth of higher margin term licences and 
SaaS solutions.

Adjusted EBITDA
The adjusted EBITDA increased by 19% to £5.0 million from 
£4.2 million in the prior year resulting in a higher adjusted 
EBITDA margin of 16.7% (FY 2022: 15.5%). Cost management 
remains an important focus and expenses are constantly 
reviewed to ensure the level is appropriate for the structure 
of the business during this growth phase. 

Strategic, integration and 
other non- recurring items
Included within strategic, integration and other non-recurring 
items are costs amounting to £0.2 million relating to the change 
of the Chief Financial Officer (‘CFO’) in December 2022. Costs 
include all payments due to the outgoing CFO on exit together 
with any professional services fees incurred in onboarding his 
replacement, drafting of contracts, share options and tax advice. 

Operating cash flow

Cash generated from operations 

Add back: Cash flow on strategic, integration and other non-recurring items

Cash generated from operations before strategic, integration and other non-recurring items

Free cash flow

Cash generated from operations before strategic, integration and other non-recurring items
Net interest paid
Net tax received
Expenditure on product development and intellectual property capitalised
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
Lease payments

Free cash flow before strategic, integration and other non-recurring items
Cash flow on strategic, integration and other non-recurring items

Free cash flow

FY 2023 
£’000

FY 2022 
£’000

5,352

48

5,400

FY 2023 
£’000

5,400
(210)
179
(3,854)
(163)
(1,099)

253
(48)

205

2,497

294

2,791

FY 2022 
£’000

2,791
(134)
176
(2,449)
(164)
(1,088)

(868)
(294)

(1,162)

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Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

39

Investment in R&D
Development costs capitalised in the year increased to 
£3.9 million (FY 2022 £2.4 million) as the business has increased 
its investment in its technology and business solutions. The key 
areas where spending increased were on the cloud platform for 
solutions such as Traffic Management Plan in the UK and NG9-1-1 
in the US, and other technology such as 1Integrate, 1Data 
Gateway, 1Telecoms and 1Water. Amortisation of development 
costs was £1.6 million (FY 2022 £1.7 million). 

Financing
The Group’s financial position is supported by long-term bank 
loans. As the number of higher value sales contracts has 
increased, the Board decided to put in place a £3 million 
Revolving Credit Facility. The facility, arranged in June 2022, is 
committed for three years and priced on competitive terms. The 
facility was undrawn as at 31 January 2023 and 25 April 2023.

At the end of January 2023, the remaining principal balance 
outstanding on the long-term loans was £2.0 million (2022: 
£2.4 million). The amount repayable in FY 2024 is approximately 
€0.7 million (£0.6 million). With a gross cash position of 
£5.0 million at 31 January 2023 (FY 2022: £5.6 million), a 
growing adjusted EBITDA and positive operating cash generation, 
the business is in a healthy financial position, which gives the 
Board the confidence to continue to invest.

Going forward, the Board and management teams are focused 
on increasing revenues, in particular recurring revenues, whilst 
improving the Group’s profitability and cash generation.

Alternative Performance Measures
Throughout this Annual Report, certain analyses include 
Alternative Performance Measures (‘APMs’) which are not 
defined by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) as 
defined under UK-adopted international accounting standards 
or other generally accepted accounting principles. We believe 
this information, along with comparable GAAP measurements, 
is useful to investors because it provides a basis for measuring 
our operating performance. Our management and Board of 
Directors uses these financial measures, along with the most 
directly comparable GAAP financial measures, in evaluating our 
operating performance. Non-GAAP financial measures should 
not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, 
financial information presented in compliance with GAAP. 
Wherever appropriate and practical, we provide reconciliation 
to relevant GAAP measures. Reconciliations are provided in 
note 2 to the consolidated financial statements on page 78.

APMs have been provided for the following reasons:

• to present users of the Annual Report with a clear view of what 

we consider to be the results of our underlying operations, 
aiding the understanding of management analysis and enabling 
consistent comparisons over time

• to provide additional information to users of the Annual Report 

about our financial performance or financial position

Stuart Ritchie

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

25 April 2023

The following APMs appear in this annual report

APM

Explanation of APM

1 Recurring revenue (s) Recurring Revenue is the value of committed recurring contracts for term licences and support & 

maintenance recorded in the year.

2 Annualised recurring 
revenue (‘ARR’) 

Annualised Recurring Revenue (‘ARR’) is the annualised value at the year-end of committed recurring 
contracts for term licences and support & maintenance.

3 Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is a company-specific measure which is calculated as operating profit/(loss) before 
depreciation (including right of use asset depreciation), amortisation and impairment of intangible 
assets, share-based payment charge and strategic, integration, and other non-recurring items.

4 Operating cashflow

Operating cashflow is a company-specific measure which is calculated as cash generated from 
operations excluding cash flow on strategic, integration and other non-recurring items.

5 Free cashflow

Free cash flow is defined as net increase/(decrease) in cash for the year before cash flows from the 
acquisition of subsidiaries, cash flows from new borrowings and repayments of borrowings and cash 
flow from new share issue. But excludes lease liabilities.

6 Net cash

Net cash is gross cash less bank borrowings.

40

Environmental, Social and Governance

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

OUR ESG 

There has never been a better time for technology and expertise to come together  
and address the ESG challenges facing businesses today. Our purpose is to help  
customers make confident and informed decisions by unlocking the value of location  
data for a safer, smarter and more sustainable world. We are proud to be helping our 
clients and partners speed up their transitions to Net Zero and jointly find solutions 
to a more sustainable future for all. 

In this journey towards improved sustainability, we are committed to transparency. 
Operating responsibly to deliver innovation is core to our beliefs, and we recognise  
that ESG accountability not only governs what we do and how we do it but extends  
to our supply chain, customers, communities and the planet.

MATERIALITY ASSESSMENT

A materiality assessment is an important step toward assessing 
an organisation’s present understanding and future preparation 
toward ESG initiatives. In FY 2023 we finalised our ESG material 
priorities list after collaborating with a broad range of internal 
and external stakeholders to gather feedback on important and 
relevant ESG topics with the greatest potential impact. 

This included gathering information from key leaders, 
partners, employees, investors and customers; to inform 
this work and ensure that we are aligning with our strategy, 
supporting business growth while positively impacting 
stakeholders. We identified 13 material issues that have been 
plotted on the below graph by order of importance to either 
stakeholders or the business.

Materiality Matrix

Data privacy and security

Digital 
capabilities

Employee Experience

Nurturing and developing talent

Energy and climate impact

Environmental stewardship

Health and safety

Community impact

Diversity, 
equality and 
inclusion

Leadership and 
business ethics

Material use and waste

Supply chain management

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

l

s
r
e
d
o
h
e
k
a
t
S
o
t
e
c
n
a
t
r
o
p
m

I

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Importance to 1Spatial

 
 
Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

41

STRATEGY

OUR ESG 
OBJECTIVES

With FY2022 being our baseline 
year, we recognise that the efforts 
described in this report are part 
of an ongoing journey and require 
continuous commitment, reviews 
and improvement. As we move 
forward, we will adjust and iterate 
to develop pragmatic and workable 
solutions that address the needs 
of our stakeholders.

Planet

People

Products

Practices

Set out in the following pages are 
our ESG objectives, split into four 
categories of Planet, People, 
Products and Practices.

The Process

Following the materiality assessment, we grouped the 13 issues into four focus areas, 
upon which we based our sustainability framework. We engaged with business leaders 
across the four focus areas to develop our ESG commitments and targets. We then 
presented the ESG strategy to our senior management team and Board for approval.

The ESG Steering Committee

Our cross-functional ESG team includes leaders from across the business that 
set our ESG priorities and pave the way to increasing 1Spatial’s ESG impact.

The team comprises:

Ben Crowther, Technical Author

Robert Chell, Chief Product Officer

Julia Dutton, Global Head of Marketing

Claire Milverton, Chief Executive Officer

Seb Lessware, Chief Technology Officer

Lianne Tydeman, Group Financial 
Controller

Gavin Jolley, IT Infrastructure and 
Environment Manager

Mahima Gupta, UK Head of People 

Jessica Sims, Global Head of People

Stuart Ritchie, Chief Financial Officer

In addition to the above individuals, input is sought from the Group’s country 
managers and their teams in the US, France and Australia.

42

Environmental, Social and Governance continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

PLANET – 
EMBRACING

Energy and climate impact
• Work towards compliance with the 
recommendations of our Carbon 
Reduction Plan* in the UK. 

Environmental stewardship
• Contribute to environmental 

projects through sponsorship  
or donations.

Material use and waste
• Create awareness about waste 

reduction and recycling across all 
our offices globally in FY23/24.

• Continue to monitor our carbon 
inventory and extend carbon 
assessments to other regions, 
as well as undertake a Scope 3 
assessment and full Net Zero 
roadmap for our UK operations 
and value chain in FY23/24.

• Establish short-term carbon 

reduction initiatives in the UK in 
FY23/24, rolling this out to other 
regions in the next two years.

• Develop a sustainable travel policy 

• Maintain compliance with 

globally by January 2024.

• Achieve 100% awareness 

organisation-wide about our ESG 
strategy and associated carbon 
reduction group efforts through 
a staff engagement programme 
in FY23/24.

ISO:14001-2015 (the environmental 
management standard) and 
relevant compliance obligations 
in the UK.

OUR PROGRESS SO FAR

Carbon inventory
A carbon inventory is a collection of all 
sources of carbon the entity produces 
or is responsible for in the process of 
conducting its operations. The primary 
metric is carbon dioxide equivalent 
(CO2 e). Emissions are broken down 
into three categories, per the 
Greenhouse Gas (‘GHG’) Protocol.

Scope 1

All direct emissions from the activities of 
an organisation or under their control. 
Example: Fuel combustion on-site such 
as gas boilers, fleet vehicles, and 
air-conditioning leaks. 

Scope 2

Indirect emissions from electricity 
purchased and used by the organisation. 
Emissions are created during the 
production of the energy and eventually 
used by the organisation. 

Scope 3 

All other indirect emissions from 
activities of the organisation, occurring 
from sources that they do not own but 
impact. These are usually the greatest 
share of the carbon footprint, covering 
emissions associated with business 
travel, procurement, waste generation, 
and product manufacturing.

The following guidelines were used:

• Carbon Reduction Plan – In accordance 
with the UK Government Procurement 
Policy Note 06/21

• Streamlined Energy and Carbon 
Reporting Requirements (‘SECR’)

• Greenhouse Gas Protocol

Our baseline carbon emissions are 
depicted in the table above, according 
to PPN 06/21.

1Spatial’s UK Carbon Reduction Plan was 
published in September 2022 to comply 
with the UK Government Procurement 
Policy Note 06/21 and sets out our 
commitment to achieving Net Zero 
emissions by 2050. Note: The Carbon 
Reduction Plan includes additional 
sub-categories from Scope 3, in line 
with PPN 06/21. 

Our UK Baseline Carbon 
Emissions – FY2022 
(PPN 06/21)

In accordance with our Carbon Reduction 
Plan, UK baseline emissions in the financial 
year of 1 February 2021 to 31 January 2022 
were 64.4 tCO2e. To continue our progress 
of achieving Net Zero by 2050, we have 
adopted the following carbon reduction 
targets. We will undertake a review of 
these during the coming financial year 
with a detailed Net Zero strategy. 

 We project that the intensity of our total 
carbon emissions will decrease over the 
next fifteen years to 0.3 tCO2e/FTE (full 
time equivalent employee) by 2036. This 
is a reduction of 50%. 

This is broken down into separate targets 
for our Operational and Value Chain 
emissions:

a)   We project that our Operational carbon 

emissions in the UK will decrease 
absolutely over the next five years by 
4.2% each year (a total of 21% by 2027) 

b)   We project that our Value Chain carbon 
emissions will decrease in intensity 
over the next five years by 7% each 
year (a total of 30% by 2027). 

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Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

43

OUR 
RESPONSIBILITY

Carbon Intensity Reduction: Projected vs. Actual (FY2022)

0.64

0.6

0.56

0.52

0.48

0.45

E
T
F
/
e
2
O
C

0.43

0.42

0.4

0.395

0.38

0.37

0.36

0.34

0.33

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

2031

2032

2033

2034

2035

2036

Target Emissions

Actual Emissions

Scope 2 indirect emissions (purchased 
electricity) for this year of reporting 
are 32.29 tCO2e, resulting from the 
consumption of 166,959 kWh of 
electricity purchased and consumed 
in day-to-day business operations. 
This represents a carbon reduction 
of 11.79% from last year (Figure 1). 

Our operations have an intensity metric 
of 0.40 tCO2e per staff number for this 
reporting year. This represents an 
increase in the operational carbon 
intensity of 0.17% from our previous 
reporting year. 

SECR: Second year of 
reporting – FY2023

We undertook our second SECR 
assessment for the period 1 February 2022 
to 31 January 2023, the results of which 
can be found in the table on the next page. 

Our Scope 1 and 3 direct emissions 
(combustion of natural gas and 
transportation fuels) for this year of 
reporting are 16.76 tCO2e, resulting from 
the direct combustion of 71,988 kWh of 
fuel. This represents a carbon increase 
of 240.07% from last year (Figure 1). 
This increase is due to a return to 
“business as usual” following the 
relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions, with 
staff travel and event attendance once 
again resuming and returning to 
pre-pandemic levels, in addition to an 
increase in overall full-time employees.

OTHER ACTIONS

• During the FY 2023/2024 we plan to 

undertake a Scope 3 carbon emissions 
analysis of our UK operations and 
value chain.

• We are committed to ensuring that 
our UK operations meet the ISO 
14001:2015 standard, which is an 
accepted international framework 
for environmental management.

• We plan to conduct a Scope 1 and 2 

carbon emissions analysis of our US, 
French and Australian operations 
during FY 2024.

• Development of a formal global policy 
around waste management, recycling 
and sustainable travel. 

• In terms of short-term carbon reduction 
measures, The Crown Estate have funded 
energy saving works on the head office 
building in the UK which included:

 – installation of PIR sensors on 

toilet lights 

 – removal of gas radiators in toilets 
and atrium and replacement with 
electric heaters 

 – reduction of temperature in common 

areas by 1 degree 

 – replacement of water heater in plant 

room for a more energy efficient 
electric version

44

Environmental, Social and Governance continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

SECR REPORT – STREAMLINED ENERGY 
AND CARBON REPORTING

Table 1: 1Spatial plc UK Total  
Energy Consumption (kWh)

Table 2: 1Spatial plc UK Total  
Location-based Emissions (tCO2e)

Utility and Scope

Scope 1 Total

Gaseous and other fuels (Scope 1)
Transportation (Scope 1)

2022  
Consumption  
(kWh)

2021  
Consumption  
(kWh)

10,077

2,861
7,216

4,977

3,870
1,107

Utility and Scope

Scope 1 Total

Gaseous and other fuels (Scope 1)
Transportation (Scope 1)

Scope 2 Total

166,959

172,378

Scope 2 Total

Grid-supplied electricity (Scope 2)

166,959

172,378

Grid-supplied electricity (Scope 2)

Scope 3 Total

Transportation (Scope 3)

61,922

61,922

16,996

16,996

Scope 3 Total

Transportation (Scope 3)

2022  
Emissions  
(tCO2e) 
Location-
based

2021 
Emissions  
(tCO2e) 
Location-
based

2.26

0.52
1.74

32.39

32.29

14.5

14.5

0.97

0.71
0.26

36.6

36.6

3.96

3.96

Total

238,957

194,350

Total

49.04

41.53

ENERGY EFFICIENCY NARRATIVE

We are committed to year-on-year improvements in our operational energy 
efficiency. A register of energy efficiency measures has been compiled, 
with a view to implementing these measures in the next five years.

Measures ongoing  
and undertaken  
through 2021/22

Measures prioritised  
for implementation  
in 2022/23

Tennyson House

Long-term targets

The Crown Estate has funded energy 
saving works on Tennyson House  
(head office building) recently:

Over the last year, our focus has been on 
formalising policy and long-term targets, 
as well as identifying strategic ESG goals:

• Installation of PIR sensors on 

toilet lights.

• Removal of gas radiators in toilets 
and atrium and replacement with 
electric heaters.

• Reduction of temperature in common 

areas by one degree.

• Replacement of water heater in plant 

room for a more energy efficient 
electric version.

• Developed a Carbon Reduction plan 

to the standard of PPN/0621.

• Developed a comprehensive 
ESG strategy which includes 
measurable targets.

Reporting  
Methodology
This report (including the Scope 1, 2 and 
3 consumption and CO2e emissions data) 
have been developed and calculated 
using the GHG Protocol – A Corporate 
Accounting and Reporting Standard 
(World Business Council for Sustainable 
Development and World Resources 
Institute, 2004); Greenhouse Gas 
Protocol – Scope 2 Guidance (World 
Resources Institute, 2015); ISO 14064-1 
and ISO 14064-2 (ISO, 2018; ISO, 2019a); 
Environmental Reporting Guidelines: 
Including Streamlined Energy and 
Carbon Reporting Guidance (HM 
Government, 2019). 

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

45

Table 3: 1Spatial plc UK Emissions 
Intensity Metric

Utility and Scope

Location-based tCO2e

2022

% Change

All Scopes tCO2e per Staff Number

0.4

0.17%

Government Emissions Factor Database 
2022 version 1 has been used, utilising 
the published kWh gross calorific value 
(CV) and kgCO2e emissions factors 
relevant for reporting period 01/02/2022 
– 31/01/2023.

All consumption data for 1Spatial plc 
was complete for the reporting period. 
Therefore, no estimations were required.

Intensity metrics have been calculated 
using total tCO2e figures and the 
selected performance indicator 
agreed with 1Spatial plc for the 
relevant report period.

The significant jump in transport 
consumption this reporting period in 
comparison with the previous reporting 
period can be attributed to an increase in 
operations and return to usual business 
activities following the impact of 
lockdown due to COVID-19.

Staff number 

18.4%

2022
2021

122 

103

46

Environmental, Social and Governance continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

PEOPLE – 
PASSIONATE 
ABOUT

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion
• Provide a diverse and inclusive 
working culture for all which 
includes:

 – Fair pay for all staff

 – Health and wellbeing support 

to promote the mental, physical 
and financial wellbeing of all of 
our employees. 

• Maintain a 30% target for 
women in leadership roles 
over a three-year period. 

Employee experience
• Undertake employee satisfaction 
assessment with at least 85% 
participation globally, to set 
targets for improvement. 

• Assess and encourage positive 
relationships between both line 
managers and peers through regular 
check-ins and employee feedback.

Nurturing and developing talent
• Establish formal Learning and 
development plans for at least 
80% of employees in FY23/24.

• Offer relevant training opportunities 

to all employees.

Community impact
• Create opportunities for employees 
to participate in volunteering days, 
with a target of 70% of employees 
taking part in one volunteering 
day per year (where events are 
local to employees). 

• Provide formal recognition through 
global corporate communications 
of employees who participate in 
charitable causes.

Overview

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47

MAKING A 
DIFFERENCE 
IN THE WORLD

OUR PROGRESS SO FAR

Whether supporting humanitarian relief, 
improving water sanitation or managing 
flood defences, our team delivers results 
that make a real difference to people’s 
lives. Our motivation is rooted in our 
desire to help users realise the power 
of their data to make better decisions 
that benefit us all – from enabling the 
emergency services response, to 
ensuring the safe supply of water and gas. 

We are proud of our selection to 
Newsweek’s Top 100 Most Loved 
Workplaces in the UK list, and we are 
using the information from our first global 
employee engagement survey to improve 
our overall employee experience. 

We strive to create a culture where our 
employees feel engaged and motivated. 
Our ability to recruit and retain key staff 
is critical to delivering on our strategy. 
We have appointed a dedicated 
recruitment team to help source highly 
skilled individuals to our key offices, and 
this year we will be undertaking a global 
employee benefits assessment review. 

In addition, we implemented a new 
recruitment platform and updated the 
careers section on our UK website to 
support the team in securing candidates 
for specific roles. 

We recognise that people are our most 
important asset, and we aim to create an 
environment that cultivates excellence, 
promotes our values and encourages 
diversity. We continue to embed our new 
values through communication and 
awareness programmes, including our 
1Awards programme that recognises 
outstanding contributions by employees 
who embody our values. 

When asked to provide input into our ESG 
strategy, employees listed ‘Employee 
experience’ and ‘nurturing and developing 
talent’ among their top three material 
issues. We have now set goals and 
objectives for these two key areas in our 
ESG framework. We also undertook an 
employee engagement survey towards 
the end of 2022 and plan to use the 
insights gained to address employee 
needs. Overall, 84% of employees 
responded to the survey.

We continue to identify employee 
needs and craft appropriate solutions 
to meet global and regional 
expectations. In May 2022, members 
of our leadership team visited our 
Tunisian office to solidify our values 
and get further insights into the 
employee experience in this region. 
Feedback from this trip will be used 
to tailor-make regional employee 
benefits in line with regional 
expectations. We also celebrated 
global wellbeing in September and 
October, with a range of hybrid and 
in-office events such as team building 
activities, physical and mental 
wellbeing sessions and an online talk 
by a mental wellbeing expert.

Read more about the results 
of the employee engagement 
survey page 10

48

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1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

PRODUCTS – 
DELIVERING 
EFFICIENCIES

Digital capabilities 
• Take a “cloud first” approach to product 

development, including deployment options via 
SaaS, delivering computer power in a serverless 
way to allow more control over energy 
consumption through executing automation 
processes on demand. 

• Simplify and minimise data-handling to avoid 

unnecessary data usage which can slow systems 
down, adds no value to the data, introduces extra 
cost and energy consumption. Formalise a process 
in our integrated management system.

• Maintain “privacy and security by design” 

in our products. Carry out Penetration testing 
of all SaaS products where required, and 
follow recommendations.

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49

AND 
CONFIDENCE 
IN DATA

OUR PROGRESS SO FAR

We continue to deliver products and services that 
help organisations achieve their Net Zero goals, 
but to do so responsibly means also mitigating the 
embodied climate impact of our products. 
Reducing climate risks from our products is 
therefore at the core of our business model and 
ESG strategy.

This year we established a dedicated cloud team to 
help us focus on how we go to market, improve our 
SaaS competencies and deliver the maximum value 
for our customers, using the minimal amount of 
computing power.

As we move to launch our next major release of 
our flagship product, 1Integrate, we have worked 
hard to ensure we are ready for the planned 
penetration testing over the next financial year, 
to ensure we continue to maintain privacy and 
security by design.

50

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1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

PRACTICES – 
COMMITTED TO 
ACCOUNTABILITY

Data privacy and security
• Aim to achieve ISO 27001 industry 

certification in our UK office (a 
“gold standard” for how data 
security is managed and enforced) 
in the next 18 months.

• 100 % of global staff to complete 
cyber security staff awareness 
training every six months.

• Continue ensuring staff awareness 
around data retention and data 
handling policies and processes to 
minimise the risk of data breaches. 

Compliance and regulation
• Maintain compliance with all 

relevant corporate governance  
and company law regulations.

Health and safety
• Provide a safe and healthy working 
environment for all, ensuring all 
office environments comply with 
local health and safety regulations.

Leadership and business ethics
• Create ongoing opportunities  
for the development of leaders 
through informal learning, training, 
assessments and mentoring or 
coaching where relevant.

• Launch the company Code of 
Conduct and ensure 100% of 
employees and Directors are 
briefed on the code in 
FY2023/2024.

Supply chain management
• Undertake an assessment of critical 
suppliers* to our operations in the 
UK to ensure they meet our 
supplier standards, relating to 
regulatory requirements, Code of 
Business Conduct, information 
security arrangements, supply 
chain management and carbon 
emissions information.

*   Critical suppliers: suppliers whose products or 
services have a direct impact on the ability of 
1Spatial to satisfy customers’ requirements,  
with a meaningful level of spend.

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AND 
TRANSPARENCY

OUR PROGRESS SO FAR

This year we launched a Company Code of Conduct 
and revised our supplier standards to contribute to 
achieving our ESG objectives. We continue to focus 
on the importance of data privacy and cyber 
security, with staff awareness programmes 
managed and monitored regularly, while making 
good progress towards achieving ISO/IEC 27001 
certification, a gold standard in information 
security management best practice. 

We are planning to launch our new supplier 
assessment process during the financial year, 
which will request details on information security, 
supply chain management and environmental 
impacts. We will also ensure suppliers sign our 
code of business conduct and confirm compliance 
with the relevant legislation. Moreover, we publish 
specific policy statements for different areas such 
as anti-bribery, public interest disclosure 
(whistleblowing), Modern Slavery Act, equality and 
diversity, environmental management, quality 
management and health and safety. For more 
information see: https://1spatial.com/legal/

 
 
52

Principal Risks and Uncertainties

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

The management of the business and the execution of the Group’s 
strategies are subject to a number of risks. In the opinion of the Board, 
the principal business risks affecting the Group, and the controls and 
mitigation to manage these risks, are as follows:

Principal risk

Potential impact

Mitigation and controls

Macro economic or 
political changes 
(e.g. escalation of 
war in Ukraine) and 
impact on customers 
and operations

With the uncertainty across global markets 
emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic, which is 
now exacerbated by the war in Ukraine and the 
impact in particular on the global energy markets, 
there is the risk that companies and government 
agencies are under more pressure to reduce 
spending budgets. New projects may require a 
more robust business case before investing in 
technology and services which could impact or 
lengthen deal sales cycles and reduce deal size. 

Whilst there are macro economic risks, they may 
provide an opportunity for 1Spatial. The large fiscal 
stimuli in major economies and the green agenda may 
also provide a cushion to these risks. Our automated 
technology enables customers to achieve greater 
internal efficiencies and therefore should reduce 
customers’ total costs in the long run. The Group is 
also mitigating this risk by looking to diversify the 
industry sectors and geographies in which it operates.

Key management 
and employees may 
leave the business

There is a risk that key management and 
employees leave the business, having a 
detrimental effect on the operations of 
the business. 

Reliance on  
key customers

The Group has traditionally had some client 
concentration and over reliance on certain key 
customers. There is a risk with this narrow 
approach that disruption within one or two  
clients can have an adverse effect on overall 
Group performance.

There are also risks that arise from signing higher 
value contracts and managing the relationship 
with customers through partners on larger 
projects, as well as managing the recruitment of 
additional resources, project scope and ensuring 
profitable delivery.

In order to mitigate this risk, the Group aims to create  
a rewarding working environment that will help retain 
staff by offering competitive salaries and benefits, 
structured career paths, tailored training and by 
encouraging a culture of free thinking and innovation. 

The Group has an established employee share plan 
which key employees participate in. Further awards  
are planned in future years to incentivise management 
and employees. This is part of the reward structure to 
deliver long-term value and align the interests of key 
people with those of the Company’s shareholders.

We continuously monitor and seek feedback on our 
employees’ workplace health and wellbeing including 
mental health. As described in the People Report on 
page 10, we conduct regular office-based events  
to foster engagement with our staff and encourage  
our people to participate in anonymous surveys to 
enable the organisation to continuously improve as 
an employer.

The Group continues to invest in its relationships with 
key customers that it has successfully retained over 
many years, while also maintaining a strategy to 
extend and diversify its customer base. The shift to 
subscription-based (term licence) revenues from 
perpetual licences across the Group will also reduce 
the financial impact of peaks and troughs that can 
occur with any individual key customer project delays. 

We continue to invest in the relationships with our key 
partners, which we see as core to our growth strategy. 
As part of this we have recruited a global partner 
manager to focus on managing our key relationships  
in a more professional way. We have also recruited a 
Chief Commercial Officer who is focusing on managing 
our project delivery and exploring ways that we can 
improve our project management.

As recurring revenue from term licences increases,  
the percentage of annual revenue that is at risk from 
any disruption from key customers will be reduced.

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Principal risk

Potential impact

Mitigation and controls

Growth management

The Group is focused on revenue growth – both 
organically, through the launch of new SaaS 
solutions and potentially through acquisitions – 
to increase our market reach in the geographies 
that we currently operate in, as well as the 
solutions that we offer in those geographies. 

Organic growth

If the Group is unable to manage expansion 
effectively, its business and financial results 
could suffer. There are potential risks to 
achieving revenue growth from competitors 
with open system offerings and similar solutions. 
There are also greater challenges arising from 
managing larger, longer-term complex projects.

Growth from sale of new SaaS solutions

Over the last number of years, we have devoted 
investment and resources to developing our 
SaaS offering, primarily the TMPA and NG9-1-1 
products. We believe there is a significant 
market opportunity in these areas and limited 
competition. These products are substantially 
complete. Despite the go-to-market strategy 
that we have developed, there is a risk that the 
revenue we generate could be slightly delayed.

Inorganic growth

The risks associated with inorganic growth 
include the delivery of market penetration 
through the integration of the acquisitions, 
conversion of leads to sales, and control of 
increases in fixed operating costs to support 
revenue growth.

The business development strategy is closely 
monitored by the senior team and the Group’s pipeline 
of opportunities is regularly reviewed at sales and 
Board meetings. 

The investment in core solutions together with the 
development of new business applications, particularly 
those delivered through the cloud, will enable the 
Group to scale more rapidly. The risk of poor project 
management and overruns has been mitigated by the 
recruitment of a Chief Commercial Officer whose remit 
includes improving management of project delivery 
and services financial performance.

In order to mitigate this risk to an acceptable level, we 
have subjected these products to extensive internal 
testing and are in the process of trialling them with a 
number of key prospects. Very positive feedback on 
the trials and on the demonstrations at industry events 
has been received to date.

Additionally, we have engaged a number of industry 
experts and sales professionals to focus specifically on 
market development and deal closure.

The successful integration of any acquisition is a key 
Board priority to ensure that it brings the required 
synergies and benefits to the Group. The Group 
conducts rigorous due diligence as part of any 
potential acquisition to ensure financial, operational 
and technological aspects are understood.

54

Principal Risks and Uncertainties continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Principal risk

Potential impact

Mitigation and controls

A major technology 
failure may 
adversely disrupt 
operations 

Breaches of the Group’s digital security through 
cyber-attacks or otherwise, or failure of the 
Group’s digital infrastructure could seriously 
disrupt operations, including the provision 
of customer services, and result in a decline 
in revenues.

The Group continues to invest in resources to enhance 
site resilience and defences, improving network 
monitoring and reviewing the incident response 
processes to mitigate the impact of a security breach.

A data breach may 
adversely impact 
operations and 
damage business 
reputation

Reliance on key 
software partners

Breaches of the Group’s digital security through 
cyber-attacks or otherwise, or failure of the 
Group’s digital infrastructure could result in the 
loss or misuse of sensitive information, including 
client data. Legal or regulatory breaches could 
result in potential liability, and reputational 
damage among the customer base leading to a 
decline in revenues as well as significant penalties 
or fines.

The Group continues to invest in technical and security 
resources and regularly reviews its information 
security policies and procedures to ensure it reduces 
the risk, and mitigates the impact, of any potential data 
security breach. The Group has ISO 9001 (QMS Quality 
Management System Certification) accreditation in 
some countries.

The Group works with key partners in each 
geospatial market to provide customers with 
software and services. Our software tools can be 
bought stand-alone or within our partners’ 
platforms. The Group therefore has reliance on 
maintaining good relationships with key partners 
to provide software and services to customers. 
There is a risk that these partners may have 
application software issues that impact 1Spatial’s 
ability to deliver projects on time and to budget.

The Group’s management team works to maintain 
good relationships with its partners in each country, 
including regular meetings throughout the year. 

Escalation routes are established to ensure any issues 
can be mutually resolved quickly. 

The management team works with each partner to 
identify points of collaboration to achieve, wherever 
possible, a win for both companies.

Loss of intellectual 
property

Failure to protect the Group’s intellectual 
property may result in another party using its 
proprietary technology without authorisation.

The Group’s intellectual property is protected in the 
USA by a patent. The source code for all 1Spatial 
software is securely stored and backed-up in 
Atlassian’s BitBucket, a leading industry-standard 
cloud-based source code repository system. In order 
to minimise the disclosure of intellectual property 
outside the organisation, the Group relies on 
confidentiality agreements with its employees, 
customers, suppliers, consultants and others to 
protect its intellectual property rights. These are 
backed up with strict operational IT policies for user 
offboarding which are audited and compliant with ISO 
9001 and Cyber Essentials Plus.

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Principal risk

Potential impact

Mitigation and controls

Managing 
inflationary cost 
pressures

As the risk of increasing inflation (and indeed, 
potential stagflation) affects our costs, primarily 
salary costs of our workforce, there is a risk that 
the Group’s profitability will suffer.

In order to minimise inflationary risks to profitability, 
we have reviewed all our charge-out rates for 
consultants, country by country, as well as product and 
solution prices and applied increases accordingly. 

Where applicable, we have amended sales contract 
terms to ensure inclusion of appropriate RPI increases. 
We have undertaken salary benchmark reviews in 
order to ensure that we continue to pay competitively. 

Where we have core software solutions that we use to 
support the business, we have sought to lock in prices 
on a longer-term contract basis, where it makes 
commercial sense to do so.

Pandemic (e.g. 
COVID-19) disrupts 
business operations

The impact of further lockdowns and extended 
social distancing restrictions that may result as a 
consequence of the ongoing global pandemic, 
could have an impact on the ability of employees 
to deliver services and support to customers. It 
could also impact our ability to generate new 
business, given the limited ability to host physical 
user events for our customers and attend industry 
exhibitions and events. A continued or new future 
lock-down of customer offices may reduce our 
ability to carry out our consulting services and 
delay or reduce income during these restrictions.

We successfully facilitated a move to remote working 
across all our sites in March 2020, enabling the Board 
to function and management teams and staff to 
maintain engagement with our customers and key 
stakeholders. In the last two financial years we 
successfully continued to evolve a hybrid approach 
to operations and client delivery. We provided our 
customers with user events on a virtual basis during 
this time through webinars and also attending events 
and exhibitions on a virtual basis, although in-person 
or hybrid events are now returning.

Currency fluctuation As an international Group, with revenue and costs 

in foreign currencies, the financial results are 
exposed to currency movements, predominantly 
US$ and EUR.

The Group seeks to reduce foreign exchange 
exposures arising from transactions in various 
currencies. There is a high degree of natural hedging of 
revenues with costs in overseas operations. Any 
residual currency exposure is managed by using spot 
and forward currency contracts to offset that risk as 
soon as the currency exposure is known with 
reasonable certainty.

56

Section 172 Statement

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

The Directors have fulfilled their responsibilities under Section 172 
of the Companies Act 2006, which requires them to act in the way 
they consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the 
success of the Company for the benefit of its members as a whole.

Engaging with stakeholders is very 
important to 1Spatial and in this section 
we explain in more detail how 1Spatial 
does this. We understand that effective 
engagement with stakeholders at 
Board level is crucial to fulfilling 
1Spatial’s purpose.

The essentials of our care for the 
workforce and community and other 
stakeholders, as well as continued 
commitment to leadership, corporate 
governance, effective decision-making 
and access to relevant and timely 
information remain our priority. These 
factors are especially important today. 

The likely consequences 
of any decisions in 
the  long term
The Board has three strategic growth 
pillars for FY23 and beyond, which are: 
innovation, customer relationships and 
smart partnerships. These pillars reflect 
the need to consider the interests of our 
staff and the need to keep pace with 
market initiatives and technological 
changes, so the business is appropriately 
positioned to take best advantage of 
market conditions. The strategic pillars 
are cascaded down to all the entities 
and individuals within the business 
through our Global Business Objectives 
Setting process, our monthly Global 
Management Meetings, and regular 
financial reporting processes.

The interests of 
our employees
Engaged, enabled, empowered employees 
who contribute to the best of their 
potential are fundamental to the 
long-term success of the business. 
We employ and develop high calibre 
staff and we maintain oversight of their 
performance through performance 
review processes and personal 
development programmes. 

We actively support equality, diversity 
and inclusivity and we do as much as 
we can to ensure a positive environment 
for health and wellbeing. We offer 
appropriate levels of remuneration which 
we benchmark using professional 
advisers and market surveys. We value 
our employees’ thoughts and ideas and 
two-way communication is actively 
sought and encouraged. During the year 
a number of staff surveys were carried 
out in each region to assess employees 
wellbeing given the particularly difficult 
circumstances this year. Matters covered 
included health and safety, working at 
home, ensuring that employees felt 
supported during the pandemic and views 
and opinions around returning to the 
work place. During this year we continued 
to operate lots of wellbeing activities, 
which focus on promoting mental and 
physical health.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we took 
advice from local governments in the 
countries that we operate in to safeguard 
our employees and subcontractors, the 
majority of which have been working 
remotely, with regular check-ins with 
other members of staff. To maintain 
mental health and connectedness in this 
difficult time, staff have had access to 
wellbeing resources, and regularly meet 
online to support each other, 
participating in weekly social activities. 
As a Group, we will be guided by the 
advice of governments across our 
territories on maintaining measures 
to protect our employees’ health as 
the social distancing restrictions 
are adjusted. 

Building and sustaining 
a positive corporate 
culture across the Group
The Board gives active consideration on 
an ongoing basis to how we demonstrate 
the positive corporate culture and 
conduct at 1Spatial. These matters are 
important as they affect all stakeholders. 

The Board recognises that determining 
and embedding a high standard of 
corporate culture within the business is 
essential to ensure the Group preserves 
and maintains its long-established 
reputation for high standards of business 
conduct, and also to ensure the business 
remains sustainable, maximising any 
competitive advantage this provides over 
the longer term and building value for 
shareholders. Last year we established 
our new values We Respect, We Innovate, 
We Collaborate, We Trust and We Care 
and we continue to encourage staff to 
embrace them in everything they do.

The need to foster the Group’s 
business relationships with 
customers, partners, suppliers 
and others

1Spatial customers are key to the 
long-term success of our business. We 
develop relationships with our customers 
based on mutual trust and our ability to 
meet their needs effectively. We focus on 
understanding what they want and put 
that at the centre of our decision-making 
to create meaningful partnerships so that 
we understand how our customers’ 
requirements evolve. This is key to our 
Land and Expand approach of developing 
our customer relationships, enabling 
us to derive insights from our customers 
to inform future product development 
and innovation.

Business is also sourced through our 
invaluable partnership networks with key 
players in the location field such as Esri, 
Ordnance Survey and VertiGIS. They are 
key business partners and we set out our 
relationship in terms of business or 
service level agreements. We maintain 
oversight of these arrangements as well 
as making sure our customers receive 
appropriate levels of disclosure.

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The impact of the 
Group’s operations 
on the community
1Spatial is a responsible member of its 
global and local community as it reflects 
our culture and matters to our staff and 
local community. 1Spatial has a strong 
culture of supporting staff in both 
individual and group volunteering and 
fundraising initiatives. To maintain 
direction and drive momentum our senior 
team coordinates corporate social 
responsibility activities within the Group. 
Each year, our staff volunteer their time, 
energy and skills for projects that support 
global good causes. Two such initiatives 
are Missing Maps, a project to map the 
most crisis-prone parts of the world and 
Map Action, a project to create maps in 
countries affected by war and other 
crises (such as Ukraine, Turkey and 
Syria). Our staff also support schemes 
that give something back to our local 
community, for example food banks and 
homeless charities. 

Our data management solutions and 
business applications not only increase 
the effectiveness of our customer 
organisations but also increase social 
responsiveness; a number of these are 
set out in our ESG Report.

The impact of the 
Group’s operations 
on the environment
1Spatial’s purpose is to make the world 
more sustainable, safer and smarter for 
the future. While many of our solutions 
are aimed at helping our customers save 
money and be more efficient, they also 
ensure that data is correct for enabling 
our customers to address environmental 
issues in their business.

We take our environmental consciousness 
and apply it to our day-to-day operations, 
adhering to the internationally recognised 
ISO 14001:2015 standard in the UK. By 
following this standard, we can ensure 
that our operations are carried out in an 
efficient and environmentally considerate 
manner, and our Environmental Policy 
represents our commitment to this promise.

The desirability of the 
Group maintaining a 
reputation for high standards 
of business conduct

1Spatial seeks to achieve and maintain 
a reputation for demonstrating a high 
standard of business conduct as this 
has a positive impact on interactions 
with utility firms and governmental 
bodies in particular. In several territories 
we comply with ISO 9001 Quality 
Management certification to provide 
the framework and guidance to ensure 
that we consistently meet our 
customers’ expectations and 
regulatory requirements.

The need to act fairly and 
engage with shareholders 
of the Group

We have an on-going dialogue with 
shareholders through road shows to 
formally communicate the Group’s 
financial results on a yearly and half-
yearly basis, as well as periodic capital 
market days. The Chairman meets 
regularly with investors to hear their 
perspective of Group performance and 
the priorities they feel that the Group 
should be pursuing. Investor feedback 
is also provided by the Group’s NOMAD, 
following investor road shows, in order 
for the Board to build on its alignment 
of the Group’s strategy to business 
objectives and communicate these in 
a clear manner.

Our Annual General Meeting enables 
us to gather our shareholders’ views 
while also particularly giving our 
non-institutional shareholders the 
opportunity to hear directly from the 
Chairman and the Board. Shareholders 
can view and manage their holdings 
using an online share portal and are able 
to access press releases and regulatory 
news via our website.

Material decisions impacting 
stakeholders which took 
place in the year ended 
31 January 2023

Material decisions taken during the 
year included the decision to increase 
spending of free cash flow on sales and 
delivery capacity in order to aim to 
secure higher value contracts, as well 
as increasing spending on R&D and 
innovation in cloud technology, as part 
of the three-year growth plan. 

For the purpose of this statement 
detailed descriptions of the decisions 
taken are limited to those of strategic 
importance. The Board made these 
decisions based on full consideration of 
and interactions with both internal and 
external stakeholders, including 
employees, customers and shareholders.

Signed on behalf of the Board

Stuart Ritchie

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

25 April 2023

58

Board of Directors

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Our Board of Directors 
possess a diverse 
range of skills and 
experience and take 
overall responsibility 
for the organisation’s 
strategic direction 
and governance. They 
are the driving force 
behind our response 
to our environmental, 
social and governance 
(‘ESG’) initiatives.

Board Committees

Nomination Committee

Remuneration Committee

Audit Committee

Claire Milverton
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER (‘CEO’)

Stuart Ritchie
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFER (‘CFO’)

Appointed

October 2017

December 2022

Stuart joined the Board as Chief Financial 
Officer in December 2022. He is an 
experienced finance director with a 
strong background in publicly quoted 
international technology companies. 

Most recently Stuart was Group CFO at 
Fusion Global Limited, a provider of 
SaaS-based workflow software that 
generated £30 million in annual revenue 
across its US, UK and continental 
European operations. 

His previous roles include global head 
of accounting and external reporting at 
ZEAL Network SE, a Frankfurt-listed 
eCommerce group. Stuart is a fellow of 
the Institute of Chartered Accountants, 
qualifying with EY.

Skills and experience

Claire is passionate about leading and 
working collaboratively, making the best 
of her team’s skills to create a great 
organisation and a positive culture – 
extending this approach to all other 
stakeholders, including customers 
and partners. 

Claire believes that working collaboratively 
with clients and partners is a key way to 
accelerate growth – it’s important to 
provide “best of breed” solutions to deliver 
against customer and market needs.

Good data governance and data quality 
are at the heart of 1Spatial. Having 
worked in finance, Claire is no stranger 
to issues in relation to poor quality data. 
Claire recognises the importance of 
creating economic value from data 
investment – whether that is to address 
issues such as sustainability or to 
improve customer efficiencies. 

Claire has spent a significant number of 
years in the technology sector – from 
both her time working at 1Spatial as CFO 
(from 2010 to 2017, prior to being 
appointed to CEO), and through her 
experience at PwC, where she was an AIM 
market and technology specialist. Claire 
is a qualified Chartered Accountant. 

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Andrew Roberts 
NON-EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN

Francis Small
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Peter Massey
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

September 2016

August 2017

July 2018

Andrew brings significant experience 
to 1Spatial from both a technology and 
equity capital markets perspective. 

Andrew led the Innovation Group plc from 
2009 until its sale to Carlyle Group in 
2016 for £500 million. During this time, 
the company grew to be a global 
business, providing business services and 
software solutions. He has also been 
chairman of Kewill plc, a leading 
international supply chain software 
business, non-executive director and 
chairman of Civica, a leading UK IT 
services business. Prior to this, he was 
non-executive chairman of Vega Group 
plc until its sale in 2008 to Finmeccanica 
SPA for £61 million. 

Andrew started his career at ICL and then 
led the management team that turned 
around private equity-owned Data 
Sciences (then a leading BPO business) 
which was sold to IBM in 1996. 

Francis brings significant experience from 
his capital markets and financial services 
background, having been at EY (Ernst & 
Young) from 1979 to 2015 where he held 
key positions, including as UK head of 
Corporate Finance, global vice chair and 
then managing partner of UK & Europe 
Transaction Advisory Services, global 
leader of sovereign wealth funds and 
ultimately, senior partner for 
international clients. 

During his time at EY, Francis had 
responsibility for a wide range of teams 
and divisions, overseeing strategy 
development while delivering revenue 
growth. He worked closely with notable 
businesses including 3i, Arcelor Mittal, 
Rexam, TPG and UBS. Francis is Non-
Executive Chairman of Quixant plc, an 
AIM-listed technology company. He 
also chairs the Board of Governors at 
Kingston University. He was previously 
Chair of British Business Investments, 
a government-backed investment 
company that helps provide finance 
to UK SME businesses.

Francis graduated from Cambridge 
University with a degree in law, is a 
chartered accountant and a Fellow 
of the ICAEW.

Peter brings significant industry 
expertise and strategic insight to 
the Board in the key focus areas of 
government, utilities and transport, 
which he has developed through a 
long career, driving business growth 
within these industries. 

Peter has held a number of senior 
executive positions during his career, 
including the following:

• Advisory board member, Space 

Time Insight Inc. (USA/UK)

• Director of transformation at 
National Grid plc. (UK/USA)

• Director, distribution support at 

National Grid plc. 

• Head of Network Sales at National 

Grid plc

• Head of Network Services at 

Transco plc

Peter is the founder and director of 
Upcurve Limited, which provides 
management consultancy services in 
areas of asset management, IT-led 
transformational change and 
performance growth for organisations 
– from start-ups to established 
multi-national organisations. 

Peter is a chartered engineer and 
graduated from the University of 
Salford with a BSc (Hons) in Natural 
Gas Engineering.

60

Corporate Governance Report

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

An Introduction  
from the Chairman
In the year ended 31 January 2023, we 
continued to adhere to a high standard of 
ethics, values and corporate social 
responsibility. These principles continue 
to underpin our governance procedures 
and the strategic and management 
decisions we make. We continue to assess 
and develop internal processes to ensure 
we maintain the robustness of decision-
making. More details of what we, as a 
Board, have been focusing on throughout 
this financial year is set out in our Section 
172 Statement (‘s172 Statement’). 

We will continue to ensure the Board and 
its committees function effectively, that 
all Directors provide strong and valuable 
contributions and that no individual or 
group dominates the Board’s decision-
making process. The Board has delegated 
specific responsibilities to the Audit, 
Remuneration and Nomination Committees, 
details of which are set out in this report.

As a Board we also set clear expectations 
concerning the Group’s culture, values 
and behaviours. We believe in order for 
us to execute on our customer centric 
solutions approach it is vital that the 
Board and all our employees act in a way 
that reflects the underlying values of the 
business. Our core brand values are: We 
Respect, We Innovate, We Collaborate, We 
Trust and We Care. We expect everyone 
throughout the Group to adhere to these 
values. Our s172 Statement gives more 
details of how we continue to ensure the 
wellbeing and best interests of all our 
employees around the Group. 

The Board has adopted the high 
standards of corporate governance 
contained in the Corporate Governance 
Code for Small and Mid-Size Quoted 
Companies (‘QCA Code’). Details of how 
we comply with the QCA Code are set out 
in our Statement of Compliance, which is 
updated annually, a copy of which can be 
found on our website www.1spatial.com.

The Board

Composition

The composition of the Board is shown 
on pages 58 and 59. The current 
Directors possess a range of skill sets, 
capabilities and experience gained from 
diverse backgrounds, thereby enhancing 
the Board by bringing a wide spectrum of 
knowledge and expertise. 

The role and operations 
of the Board

The role of the Board is to ensure delivery 
of the business strategy and long-term 
shareholder value. The general 
obligations of the Board and the roles and 
responsibilities of the Chairman and the 
Chief Executive Officer are set out in a 
formal Board responsibilities statement 
approved by the Board. The Board fulfils 
its role by approving the annual 
strategic plan and monitoring business 
performance throughout the year. The 
Board held 11 formal scheduled Board 
meetings during the financial year and in 
addition held a number of unscheduled 
ad-hoc meetings, e.g. to approve signing 
of major contracts, to review and assess 
financial budgets and short-term strategy 
solutions. Most Board meetings in the 
financial year were held remotely, 
although we are moving back to 
in-person Board meetings as our 
workforce returns to the office following 
the COVID-19 restrictions. There is in 
place a schedule of matters reserved for 
Board approval that can be found on the 
Company’s website www.1spatial.com.

The Board have approved an annual 
Board calendar setting out the dates, 
location (subject to any remote working 
restrictions) and standing agenda items 
for each formal scheduled Board and 
Committee meeting and scheduled Board 
calls. Board papers are circulated to 
Directors in advance of scheduled and 
unscheduled meetings, which are of an 
appropriate quality to enable the 
Directors to fulfil their obligations and 
adequately monitor the performance of 
the business. Directors who are unable to 
attend a meeting are expected to provide 
their comments to the Chairman, the 
Chief Executive Officer, or the Company 
Secretary, as appropriate. The Board also 
receives management information on a 
regular basis that sets out the 
performance of the business. The Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial 
Officer are invited to attend the Audit 
and Remuneration Committee meetings, 
if appropriate.

During the year, the topics subject to 
Board discussion at formal scheduled 
Board meetings included: 

• Strategic plan and annual forecast 

and budget;

• Health and safety matters;

• Investor relations;

• Financial and operational performance;

• Project updates;

• Market and competitor reports;

• Approval of high-value sales contracts:

• Financing activities and facility 

agreements;

• Approval of Annual and Half-year Reports;

• Governance updates and the EU Market 

Abuse Regime;

• Industry regulatory and compliance 

developments;

• Any residual COVID-19 – related issues

• Risk and internal controls;

• General Data Protection Regulation 

(‘GDPR’); and

• Related-party transactions.

Attendance at scheduled Board Meetings 
during the year is shown below:

Formal scheduled Board 
meetings during the year  
ended 31 January 2023

Maximum 
possible 
attendance

Meetings 
attended

11
11
10
11
11
1

11
11
10
11
11
1

Director

A Roberts 
(Chairman)
C Milverton
A Fabian*
F Small
P Massey
S Ritchie**

* 

** 

 Resigned from the Board of Directors 
on 19 December 2022

 Appointed to the Board of Directors 
on 19 December 2022

Advice, insurance 
and indemnities 

All Directors have access to the services 
of the Company Secretary and may take 
independent professional advice at the 
Company’s expense in conducting their 
duties. The Company provides indemnity 
insurance cover for its Directors and 
officers, which is reviewed and 
renewed annually.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

61

Conflicts

Succession planning

Nomination Committee

Consideration of Directors’ interests is 
a standing agenda item at each formal 
scheduled Board meeting. Each Director 
is required to disclose any actual or 
potential conflicts of interest and a 
register of Directors’ interests is 
maintained by the Company Secretary. 
If there is a conflict of interest or a matter 
relating to a particular Director or a 
related-party transaction, then the Board 
understands that the relevant Director 
shall excuse themselves from the 
discussion. Each year updated schedules 
of interests for all Directors are circulated 
to the Board for information and formal 
approval, where appropriate.

Board evaluation

A formal evaluation of the performance 
and effectiveness of the Board and its 
Committees was conducted for the year 
ended 31 January 2023, the results for 
which were shared and discussed in 
March 2023. The scope of the evaluation 
was discussed and agreed with the 
Chairman, a Non-Executive Director and 
the Company Secretary. The evaluation 
was implemented by means of a 
questionnaire. The final evaluation report 
highlighted a number of positive 
messages regarding issues such as – the 
role of the Chair, the board structure and 
roles, decision-making and external and 
internal communications. The topics that 
required additional focus at future Board 
meetings included on-going Board 
training and succession, development 
of the Group’s “purpose” and messaging 
to improve presentations to shareholders, 
and evolution of the Group’s ESG strategy.

Board development

All new Directors appointed to the Board 
receive a comprehensive induction. In the 
year ended 31 January 2023 the Board, 
with the Company Secretary, updated the 
structured training and development 
programme including strategic issues, 
legal issues and environmental, social and 
governance (‘ESG’) issues. The 
Company’s Nomad is invited to attend a 
Board meeting each year to update the 
Board on their general and statutory 
duties and current best practice 
governance issues and senior technical 
experts will present to the Board in 
calendar year 2023 on topics such as 
ESG, as well as regulatory and industry-
related issues.

Succession continues to be a key priority 
for the Board. The current Directors 
possess a range of skill sets, capabilities 
and experience gained from diverse 
backgrounds, thereby enhancing the 
Board by bringing a wide spectrum of 
knowledge and expertise. The Board has 
approved a succession policy and 
discussions are ongoing regarding short 
and long-term succession for both 
Directors and the senior management 
team. You can find more about the 
experience and expertise of the current 
members of the Board on the Company’s 
website www.1spatial.com.

Reappointment of Directors 
at the Annual General Meeting

The Articles of Association provides that 
a third of Directors retire annually by 
rotation and, if eligible, offer themselves 
for re-election. However, in accordance 
with good governance principles, at 
each AGM all the Directors retire and, 
subject to being eligible, offer themselves 
for re-election. 

Relations with investors 

The Company produces this Annual 
Report that is available on the Investor 
Relations section of the Company’s 
website and distributed to those 
shareholders who have requested to 
receive hard copies. The Company’s 
website www.1spatial.com contains 
information on the Group, matters 
reserved for the Board, the Company’s 
Articles of Association, the Committees’ 
terms of references, copies of all 
documents sent to shareholders and all 
market and regulatory announcements.

The Board ensures that financial 
reporting and operational updates are 
communicated to the market on a timely 
basis and give an accurate and balanced 
assessment of the business. The 
Company’s share dealing policy sets out 
how the Directors meet their obligations 
under the AIM rules in this regard and 
how the advisers are involved in the 
market communications process 
coordinated by the Company Secretary.

Board committees

The terms of reference of the Board’s 
Committees, as summarised below, are all 
available in full on the Investor Relations 
section of the Company’s website at 
www.1spatial.com.

Membership
A Roberts (Chair)
F Small (Member)

In the year ended 31 January 2023, all 
senior management appointments, as 
well as succession plans for the Board 
and senior management, were dealt with 
by the entire Board. The recruitment 
process involved both the Non-Executive 
and Executive Directors to ensure that 
any appointments made strengthened 
and diversified the composition and skill 
set of the existing Board. Instead of 
holding a Nomination Committee 
meeting, the Board meetings throughout 
the year included discussions about 
senior management, recruitment and 
succession planning in line with the 
Group strategy.

The key responsibilities of the 
Nomination Committee are:

i)  Recommending Director nominees 

to the Board;

ii)  Recommending Committee Chairs 
and membership to the Board and 
Committees;

iii) When appropriate, taking into account 
the current stage of the Company’s 
development, reviewing succession 
plans for the Board and Committees;

iv) Making recommendations to the 

Board in respect of the re-
appointment of any Non-Executive 
Director at the conclusion of their 
specified term of office taking into 
account their performance and their 
contribution together with the 
knowledge, skills, leadership and 
experience requirements of the 
Board and Committees; 

v)  Regularly reviewing the structure, 

size and composition (including the 
balance of skills, diversity, knowledge 
and experience) required for the 
Board and making recommendations 
to the Board with regard to any changes.

Remuneration Committee

Full information on the composition, role, 
operation and meeting attendance of the 
Remuneration Committee is set out in the 
Remuneration Report on page 64.

62

Audit Committee Report

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Following the recommendation of the Audit Committee and passing 
of the shareholder resolution at the Annual General Meeting in 2022, 
BDO LLP (‘BDO’) were re-appointed as external auditors for the Group 
for the financial year ended 31 January 2023.

AUDIT COMMITTEE 
MEMBERSHIP
F Small (Chair)
A Roberts
P Massey

MEETING ATTENDANCE
Attendance at scheduled Committee 
Meetings during the year is shown 
below. Additional ad-hoc meetings 
by conference call were also held 
during the year.

Director

F Small (Chair)
A Roberts
P Massey

Maximum 
possible 
attendance

Meetings 
attended

2
2
2

2
2
2

The Committee has a calendar of 
activities agreed each year. Senior 
management and the external auditors 
(BDO) may attend meetings at the 
request of the Committee. 

The key responsibilities of the Audit 
Committee are:

i)  Monitoring the integrity of financial 
statements, including approving any 
material changes in accounting policy, 
reviewing the financial statements, 
and any market announcements 
relating to the Group’s financial 
performance;

ii)  Reviewing the integrity of internal 

financial control and risk management 
systems and codes of corporate 
conduct and ethics and any published 
statements regarding these systems 
and codes;

iii) Making recommendations to the 

Board regarding the engagement of 
the external auditors, approving their 
terms of engagement, monitoring 
their objectivity and performance 
and setting policy regarding the 
provision of non-audit services by 
the external auditors;

iv) Reviewing the plan, scope and results 

of the annual audit, the external 
auditors’ letter of comments and 
management’s response thereto; and

v)  Receiving reports from the CFO relating 

to risk control and management’s 
response to the findings.

During the year, the topics discussed 
at formal scheduled Committee 
meetings included:

• Review of the risk register, assessing 

how each risk identified is being 
monitored and ensuring the process 
of how these risks are being actively 
managed is in place;

• Receipt and consideration of reports 
from the external auditors regarding 
the scope and findings of their audit 
of the Annual Report;

• Recommendation of the Annual 

Report and Half-year Report to the 
Board for approval, together with the 
management representation letter 
and audit fees;

• Review of audit and non-audit related 
fees paid to the external auditors and 
monitoring the independence of the 
external auditors; 

• Review and consideration of accounting 
treatment policy changes in line with 
industry practice, as recommended by 
external auditors; and

• Review and update of the terms of 
reference of the Audit Committee.

To ensure the objectivity and 
independence of the external auditors, 
any service provided by the external 
auditors must be approved in accordance 
with the Group’s policy on auditor 
independence and the provision of 
non-audit services, which is consistent 
with the UK Auditing Practices Board’s 
Ethical Standards for Auditors.

The external auditor is only selected to 
provide non-audit services if they are well 
placed to provide the required service at 
a competitive cost and the Committee is 
satisfied that the assignment will not 
impair their objectivity. 

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

63

“ The systems of internal control 
are designed to cover all business, 
financial, reputational and legal risks 
of the Group and are embedded 
within the operations of the Group.”

In accordance with relevant professional 
standards, the external auditors have 
confirmed their independence as auditors 
in a letter to the Directors. Details of fees 
paid to the external auditors for both 
audit and non-audit services are given in 
the note 6(a) to the financial statements. 
The non-audit services in the year related 
to work performed in relation to payroll, 
tax compliance and company secretarial 
services to 1Spatial Australia Pty Limited.

Internal control

The Board is responsible for ensuring the 
Group has effective and sound systems 
of internal controls, which are designed 
to manage, but not eliminate, the risk of 
failure to achieve business objectives 
and provide reasonable, but not absolute, 
assurance against material misstatements 
and loss. The day-to-day management 
and monitoring of the Group’s systems 
of internal control is delegated to the 
Chief Financial Officer.

The Chief Financial Officer ensures that 
the Group’s risk management framework 
and control culture are embedded within 
the business, the Executive Directors 
provide assurance to the Board, through 
the Audit Committee, that risks are 
monitored, appropriately escalated 
and managed within the risk appetite 
of the Board.

The systems of internal control are 
designed to cover all business, financial, 
reputational and legal risks of the Group 
and are embedded within the operations 
of the Group. 

The financial reporting controls in place 
are designed to maintain proper 
accounting records and provide reasonable 
assurance concerning the accuracy and 
integrity of financial information reported 
both internally and externally.

In accordance with the QCA Code and 
best practice guidance for Directors on 
internal controls issued by the Financial 
Reporting Council, the Board, with the 
advice of the Audit Committee, has 
reviewed the effectiveness of the 
systems of internal control for the year to 
31 January 2023. As part of this review, 
the Board received assurances from the 
Chief Executive Officer and the Chief 
Financial Officer of 1Spatial plc that the 
Directors’ Responsibilities Statement on 
page 70 is founded on a sound system of 
risk management and internal controls 
and that the systems of internal controls 
are operating effectively in all material 
respects in relation to reporting financial 
risks and the mitigation of material 
business risks.

Alternative Performance 
Measures (‘APMs’)

The Audit Committee has reviewed the 
APMs included in the CFO Review on 
page 36 as well as the reconciliation 
between the APMs and the closest GAAP 
measure included in note 1 to the 
consolidated financial statements of the 
Group on page 77. The Audit Committee 
is satisfied that the reconciliation 
between APMs and GAAP measures is 
appropriate and that the Board’s 
rationale for including the APMs is fair, 
balanced and understandable.

Going concern

As disclosed in the going concern section 
of note 2 of the consolidated financial 
statements, Summary of significant 
accounting policies, a cash-flow model for 
the period to July 2024 was prepared, 
focusing on the impacts of a macro 
economic shock (e.g. from the 
escalation of the war in Ukraine, 
further pandemic restrictions or 
further increases in inflation) and the 
actions the Board can take to 
mitigate those impacts. Sensitivity 

analysis was performed on the macro 
economic shock stress-tested budget 
model, requiring a decline in the Group’s 
revenues of more than 14% (with no 
changes to spending) before the Group 
runs out of resources, given the net funds 
in place. 

Taking into account the cash flow 
projections approved by the Board of 
Directors, the Directors have formed a 
judgement that, at the time of approving 
these financial statements, there is a 
reasonable expectation that the Group 
has adequate resources and likely income 
to continue in operational existence for 
the foreseeable future. Thus, they 
continue to adopt the going concern 
basis of accounting in preparing the 
annual financial statements.

Francis Small

CHAIRMAN OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE

25 April 2023

64

Directors’ Remuneration Report

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

The Board considers that appropriate remuneration policies are a key 
driver of performance and a central element of corporate strategy.

REMUNERATION  
COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP
P Massey (Chair)
A Roberts
F Small

MEETING ATTENDANCE
The Committee meets at least twice a 
year and at other times during the year 
as agreed between the members of the 
Committee. Committee membership 
and attendance at scheduled Committee 
Meetings during the year is shown below.

Director

P Massey
A Roberts
F Small

Maximum 
possible 
attendance

Meetings 
attended

5
5
5

5
4
5

Annual Statement
Dear Shareholder

Remuneration  
Committee Membership

On behalf of the Board, I am pleased to 
present the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report for the year to 31 January 2023. 
As the Company is listed on the 
Alternative Investment Market (‘AIM’), we 
are required to comply with AIM Rule 19 
in respect of remuneration disclosures. 
However, we also provide additional 
disclosures to those required by AIM Rule 
19 on a voluntary basis, in line with AIM 
best practice, to enable shareholders to 
better understand and consider our 
remuneration arrangements. This report 
is divided into three sections, these being:

• This Annual Statement, which 

summarises the Committee and its 
work, remuneration outcomes in 
respect of the year just ended and 
how the Remuneration Policy will 
be operated for the forthcoming 
financial year;

• The Remuneration Policy Report, 
which summarises the Company’s 
Remuneration Policy; and

• The Annual Report on Remuneration, 

which discloses how the Remuneration 
Policy was implemented in the year to 
31 January 2023 in detail and how the 
Policy will operate for the year to 
31 January 2024.

Senior management attend meetings at 
the request of the Committee and recuse 
themselves from discussions and decisions 
taken by the Remuneration Committee in 
respect of their own remuneration. 

Committee Responsibilities

The Remuneration Committee 
determines and agrees with the Board 
the broad policy for the remuneration 
of the Group’s employees, as well as 
reviewing the ongoing appropriateness 
and relevance of the Group’s remuneration 
policy, ensuring that it is structured in a 
way that aligns reward with performance, 
shareholder interests and the long-term 
interests of the business. 

The key responsibilities of the 
Committee are:

• Determining the total individual 

remuneration packages, including 
pension arrangements, of the 
Chairman, Executive Directors 
and senior management;

• Reviewing and approving share 

incentive plans and non-material 
changes to them;

• Approving and determining targets 
including the annual discretionary 
bonus scheme; and

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

65

As a Committee, we recognise the need 
to foster good relations with our 
shareholders and encourage open 
dialogue. The Chairman of the 
Remuneration Committee is available for 
discussion with institutional investors 
concerning the Company’s approach to 
remuneration at any time. We trust you 
will find this report to be informative and 
look forward to receiving your support at 
our forthcoming AGM. 

Peter Massey

CHAIRMAN OF THE  
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE

25 April 2023

• Reviewing and approving the scope 
of any termination payments and 
severance terms for Executive 
Directors, ensuring that contractual 
terms on termination and any payments 
made are fair to the individual and the 
Company, that failure is not rewarded 
and that the duty to mitigate loss is 
fully recognised.

The full terms of reference of the 
Remuneration Committee are 
available on the Company’s website 
(www.1spatial.com) and on request 
from the Company Secretary.

Advisors to the Committee

FIT Remuneration Consultants LLP was 
appointed to provide independent advice 
to the Remuneration Committee as and 
when required in respect of remuneration 
quantum and structure and developments 
in governance and best practice more 
generally. FIT is a member and signatory 
of the Remuneration Consultants Group 
and voluntarily operates under the Code 
of Conduct in relation to executive 
remuneration consulting in the UK, 
details of which can be found at 
www. remunerationconsultantsgroup.com.

Implementation of the 
Remuneration Policy  
for FY 2024

The Committee intends to operate the 
Remuneration Policy for Executive 
Directors as follows:

• The CEO’s base salary will be reviewed 

by the Remuneration Committee during 
FY24 and remains at a level of £217,000 
at 1 February 2023;

• The CFO recently joined the business 

and his base salary remains at 
£160,000 at 1 February 2023. His salary 
will be reviewed by the Remuneration 
Committee during FY24;

• Pension and benefit provision 

remain unchanged;

• Annual bonus provision for the CEO will 
continue to be capped at 100% of salary 
based on profit and strategic targets 
with a cashflow underpin;

• The Committee will consider the extent 
to which share awards will be granted to 
Executive Directors during FY24.

66

Directors’ Remuneration Report continued

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Directors’ Remuneration policy
The Board considers that appropriate remuneration policies are 
a key driver of performance and a central element of corporate 
strategy. The Group remuneration policy aims to:

The Group remuneration policy has a strong focus on variable 
compensation as the Board believes that the interests of the 
business, shareholders and employees are best served by 
containing fixed remuneration costs and maximising the proportion 
of total remuneration that is directly performance related.

• provide market competitive total compensation;

• motivate, retain and promote individual and corporate 

outperformance;

• differentiate on merit and performance;

• emphasise variable performance-driven remuneration;

• ensure adherence to the Group’s Code of Conduct;

• align senior management with shareholders’ interests; and 

• deliver clarity, transparency and fairness of process.

Directors’ service contracts/letters 
of appointment
The Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have 
a service agreement with the Company, which is terminable by 
either party on not less than 12 months’ and six months’ notice 
respectively. There are no provisions for remuneration payable 
on early termination. The Non-Executive Directors serve the 
Company under formal letters of appointment that are terminable 
on six months’ written notice which sets out their role, obligations 
as a Director and the expected time commitment required.

Summary of Directors’ Remuneration Policy

Component

Purpose and link to strategy

Operation

Base salary

Taxable  
Benefits

Pension

To provide a competitive 
base salary to attract, 
motivate and retain 
Directors with the 
experience and 
capabilities to achieve 
the strategic aims.

To provide market-
competitive benefits 
package.

Maximum

Performance

n/a

n/a

Normally reviewed annually after considering 
pay levels at comparably sized listed companies 
and sector peers, the performance, role and 
responsibility of each Director, market conditions 
and the Company’s performance and the level 
of pay across the Group as a whole

Market consistent benefits may be provided 
to Directors.

n/a

n/a

To provide an appropriate 
level of retirement benefit.

Pension provision may be paid as a pension  
and/or cash allowance

10% of salary

n/a

Annual bonus To reward performance 
against annual targets 
which support the strategic 
direction of Group.

Long-term 
Incentive 
Provision

To drive and reward 
the achievement of 
longer-term objectives 
and align management 
with shareholders.

Awards are based on annual performance

Conditional shares, nil cost or nominal cost or 
market value share options granted under the 
2018 1Spatial employee share plan

All-employee 
share awards

To align management 
with employees and 
shareholders.

Any awards granted will be consistent with 
prevailing HMRC tax-favoured all-employee 
share plans

Non-Executive 
Directors

The Committee determines 
the Chairman’s fee. Fees 
for the Non-Executive 
Directors are agreed 
by the Chairman and 
Chief Executive. 

Fees are reviewed annually taking into account 
the level of responsibility and relevant experience. 
Fees may include a basic fee and additional fees 
for further responsibilities. Fees are normally paid 
in cash. Travel and other reasonable expenses 
incurred in the course of performing their duties 
may be reimbursed

Normally 
capped at 
100% of 
salary

Normally 
capped at 
100% of 
salary 

Sliding scale 
financial and/or 
personal/strategic 
targets 

Performance may 
be based on 
financial, share 
price and/or 
strategic metrics

Prevailing 
HMRC limits

n/a

n/a

n/a

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

67

Annual Report on Remuneration

Directors’ emoluments and compensation (audited)
Details of individual Executive Directors’ remuneration for those Directors that served during the current year are as follows:

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
C Milverton

S Ritchie1

Total Executive Directors

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
A Roberts

F Small

P Massey

Total Non-Executive Directors

FORMER DIRECTORS 
A Fabian2

Total Board

1.  Appointed 19 December 2022

Year

2023
2022
2023
2022
2023
2022

2023
2022
2023
2022
2023
2022
2023
2022

2023
2022
2023
2022

Salary 
£000

Pension4 
£000

Benefits5 
£000

Bonus6 
£000

Other 
£000

Total 
£000

217
208
19
–
236
208

81
76
46
41
46
41
173
158

165
160
574
526

22
22
1
–
23
22

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
23
22

15
15
–
–
15
15

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

13
13
28
28

–
38
–
–
–
38

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–
15
–
53

–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

87

87
–

254
283
20
–
274
283

81
76
46
41
46
41
173
158

265
188
712
629

2  

 Stepped down from the Board on 19 December 2022 and ceased employment on 28 February 2023. Included in the 2023 Other figure of £87,000 is 
amounts paid to Mr Fabian on exit from the business. This amount forms part of the strategic, integration and other non-recurring items more fully 
described in note 7 to the consolidated financial statements.

Directors’ interests in share awards (audited)
As at 31 January 2023, the Directors held the following share options:

C Milverton
C Milverton
C Milverton
A Fabian 
A Fabian 
S Ritchie

1 February 
2022 
Number

1,226,947
769,793
25,000
330,000
25,000
–
2,376,740

Granted 
Number

Lapsed 
Number

–
–
–
–
–
–
–

(82,421)
–
–
(330,000)
(18,750)
–
(431,171) 

31 January 
2023 
Number

1,144,526
769,793
25,000
–
6,250
–
1,945,569

EMI share 
option 
Number

494,526
–
–
–
–
–
494,526

Executive 
unapproved 
share option 
Number

650,000
769,793
25,000
–
6,250
–
1,451,043

Exercise  
price 
 pence

0p
46.5p
26.5p
0p
26.5p
n/a

Directors’ share interests (audited)
The beneficial interests of the Directors in shares of the Company as at 31 January 2023 are shown below:

A Roberts
C Milverton
S Ritchie
F Small
P Massey

Ordinary shares

586,190
616,335
–
13,294
91,813

Approved and signed on behalf of the Board

Peter Massey

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE CHAIR

25 April 2023

 
68

Directors’ Report

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

The Directors present their Annual 
Report on the affairs of the Company 
and the Group, together with the audited 
consolidated financial statements and 
the Independent Auditor’s Report for 
the year ended 31 January 2023, in 
accordance with UK adopted international 
accounting standards and in conformity 
with the requirements of the Companies 
Act 2006. The information in the 
Chairman’s Report, the Corporate 
Governance report and the Directors’ 
Responsibilities Statement form part 
of the Directors’ Report.

The Directors’ Report contains certain 
forward-looking statements and forecasts 
with respect to the financial condition, 
results, operations and business of 
1Spatial plc that may involve risk and 
uncertainty because they relate to events 
and depend on circumstances that will 
occur in the future. There are a number of 
factors that could cause actual results or 
developments to differ materially from 
those expressed or implied by these 
forward-looking statements and 
forecasts. Nothing in this Annual Report 
to shareholders should be construed as 
a profit forecast.

Principal activities
The principal activity of the Group is 
the development and distribution of 
innovative software solutions along with 
associated consultancy and support 
related to Location Master Data 
Management (‘LMDM’). The principal 
activity of the Company is that of a 
parent holding company which manages 
the Group’s strategic direction and 
underlying subsidiaries.

1Spatial plc is a company incorporated in 
the United Kingdom. The registered office 
of the Company is Tennyson House, 
Cambridge Business Park, Cowley Road, 
Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, 
CB4 0WZ.

Details of the business activities during 
the year can be found in the Strategic 
Report on pages 12 to 57. 

Results and dividends
The results for the Group for the year and 
the Group and Company’s financial 
position at the end of the year are shown 
in the attached financial statements. 
The results for 2022 are as restated 
due to a prior year adjustment to 
recognise a deferred tax asset.

The Directors do not recommend the 
payment of a dividend (FY 2022: £nil).

Business review and future 
developments
The requirements of the business review 
have been considered within the 
Chairman’s Report on pages 12 to 13 and 
the Strategic Report on pages 12 to 57.

Principal risks and 
uncertainties
For further details on principal risks and 
uncertainties, refer to pages 52 to 55.

Financial instruments

Financial risk management 
objectives and policies

During the year the Group’s principal 
financial instruments were bank loans, 
trade receivables and cash. The main 
purpose of these financial instruments is 
to provide finance for the Group’s 
operations. The Group has various other 
financial instruments such as trade 
receivables and trade payables which 
arise directly from its operations.

The main risks arising from the Group’s 
financial instruments have been liquidity 
risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, and 
capital risk. The Board reviews and agrees 
policies for managing each of these risks 
and they are summarised below.

Liquidity risk

The Group’s finance department’s 
primary objective is to ensure the Group 
maintains sufficient funds to support the 
ongoing strategic and trading activities of 
the Group. Detailed forecasting is carried 
out at local level in the operating 
companies of the Group and this is 
combined into a Group cash flow forecast. 
The Group forecasts are reviewed closely 
to ensure that sufficient headroom in 
available funding is in place.

Interest rate risk

The Group’s income and operating cash 
flows are substantially independent of 
changes in market interest rates. Bank 
loan interest is charged on a fixed rate 
basis. Given the magnitude of the bank 
loans and low interest rates that range 
between 0% and 3.4% (with a weighted-
average interest rate of 2.3% at the 
year-end), the Board does not consider 
it appropriate to hedge the interest 
rate risk.

Credit risk

The Group trades only with recognised, 
creditworthy third parties and 
independent credit checks and credit 
limits are managed by the trading 
entities. Credit limits can only be 
exceeded if authorised by the 1Spatial 
plc Board. Receivable balances are 
monitored on an ongoing basis with the 
result that the Group’s exposure to bad 
debts is not significant, especially given 
past payment history of longstanding 
customers. There are no significant 
concentrations of credit risk within 
the Group.

Credit risk also arises from cash and cash 
equivalents with banks and financial 
institutions. For banks and financial 
institutions, only independently rated 
parties with a minimum rating of “A” 
are used for significant cash deposits. 

Capital risk management 

The Group’s objectives when managing 
capital are to safeguard the Group’s 
ability to continue as a going concern in 
order to provide returns for shareholders 
and benefits for other stakeholders and 
to maintain an optimal capital structure 
to reduce the cost of capital within an 
acceptable level of risk. In order to 
maintain or adjust the capital structure, 
the Group may issue new shares, raise 
finance through increasing debt or sell 
assets/businesses to reduce debt. The 
Group monitors its capital risk by 
ensuring the level of debt and gearing is 
reasonable based on the projected cash 
flows and related risks.

The capital structure of the Group at 
31 January 2023 consists of cash 
and cash equivalents of £5.1 million 
(2022: £5.6 million), bank borrowings 
of £2.0 million (2022: £2.4 million), and 
equity attributable to shareholders of 
1Spatial plc of £16.3 million (2022: 
£15.1 million).

Research and development
The Group performs research and 
development activities as described 
within the Strategic Report on pages 
12 to 57. The Group expenses research 
activities to the statement of 
comprehensive income and capitalises 
development activities should the cost 
meet the relevant criteria. During the 
year, £3.8 million was capitalised 
(2022: £2.4 million), £2.4 million 
(2022: £1.7 million) was expensed and 
there were no impairments (2022: nil).

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

69

Employees
The Group places considerable value on 
the involvement of its employees and has 
continued its practice of keeping them 
informed of matters affecting them as 
employees and the various factors 
affecting the performance of the Group. 
This has been of even greater importance 
during the last two years with remote 
working and other restrictions due to 
COVID-19, with the Group implementing 
increased frequency of team meetings, 
line manager one-to-one meetings and 
Group-wide communications.

The Directors recognise that continued 
and sustained improvement in the 
performance of the Group depends on its 
ability to attract, motivate and retain 
employees of the highest calibre; and to 
this end, the Group issued new share 
options to certain key management and 
employees under the employee share 
plan in 2020, as part of the three-year 
plan. Furthermore, the Directors believe 
that the Group’s ability to sustain a 
competitive advantage over the long 
term depends in a large part on ensuring 
that all employees contribute to the 
maximum of their potential. The Group is 
committed to improving the performance 
of all employees through development 
and training.

The Group is an equal opportunity 
employer. The Group’s policies seek to 
promote an environment free from 
discrimination, harassment and 
victimisation and to ensure that no 
employee or applicant is treated less 
favourably on the grounds of gender, 
marital status, age, race, colour, 
nationality or national origin, disability or 
sexual orientation, or is disadvantaged by 
conditions or requirements that cannot 
objectively be justified. Entry into, and 
progression within the Group, is solely 
determined based on work criteria and 
individual merit.

The Group continues to give full and 
fair consideration to applications for 
employment made by disabled persons, 
having regard to their respective aptitudes 
and abilities. The policy includes, where 
practicable, the continued employment 
of those who may become disabled during 
their employment and the provision of 
training and career development and 
promotion, where appropriate.

The Group holds regular meetings with 
employees to inform them of the 
development of the business and to 
provide them with information on matters 
of concern to them as employees. 
Consultation with employees has 
continued at all levels, with the aim of 
ensuring that their views are taken in to 
account when decisions are made that 
are likely to affect their interests.

Changes in share capital
Details of movements in share capital 
are set out in note 20 to the financial 
statements.

Directors
The Directors who served throughout the 
year and up to the date of approval of the 
financial statements, unless otherwise 
stated, were as follows:

Name

Age Position

Date of Appointment

Date of Resignation

A Roberts

70

Non-Executive 
Chairman

19 September 2016

C Milverton 48

Chief Executive Officer 9 October 2017

A Fabian

61

Chief Financial Officer

16 June 2020

19 December 2022

F Small

65 Non-Executive Director

1 August 2017

P Massey

60 Non-Executive Director

10 July 2018

S Ritchie

43

Chief Financial Officer

19 December 2022

Details of the current Directors’ 
experience and expertise can be found on 
the Company’s website www.1spatial.com 
which does not form part of this report.

Directors’ interests
Details of the share interests of the 
Directors, their service contracts and 
terms of appointment are shown in the 
Remuneration Report.

Directors’ indemnities 
and insurance
As permitted by the Articles of 
Association, the Directors have the 
benefit of an indemnity which is a 

Name

Columbia Threadneedle Investments
Canaccord Genuity Wealth Management
Azini Capital Partners
J O Hambro Capital Management
BGF Investment Management
Octopus Investment Nominees
Herald Investment Management

qualifying third-party indemnity provision 
as defined by Section 234 of the 
Companies Act 2006. The indemnity was 
in force throughout the last financial year 
and is currently in force. The Company 
also purchased and maintained 
throughout the financial year Directors’ 
and Officers’ liability insurance in respect 
of itself and its Directors and officers.

Substantial interests
The Directors have been notified of the 
following substantial shareholdings in 
excess of 3% of the voting share capital 
of the Company as at 4 April 2023:

Number of shares

Percentage of issued 
share capital

22,097,231
18,717,922
13,709,535
9,000,000
6,930,100
4,156,943
3,950,000

20.00%
16.91%
12.41%
8.15%
6.27%
3.76%
3.58%

Except as referred to above, the Directors are not aware of any person who was 
interested in 3% or more of the issued share capital of the Company or could directly 
or indirectly, jointly or severally, exercise control.

Acquisition of the Company’s own shares
The Company did not acquire any of its shares during the year ended 31 January 2023 
(FY 2022: nil).

Independent auditors
A resolution to reappoint BDO LLP as the Company’s auditors and to authorise the 
Board to determine the auditors’ remuneration will be proposed at the 2023 Annual 
General Meeting.

70

Directors’ Responsibilities Statement

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the 
financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulation.

Company law requires the Directors to 
prepare financial statements for each 
financial year. Under that law the 
Directors have prepared the Group 
financial statements in accordance with 
UK-adopted international accounting 
standards and in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006 
and Company financial statements in 
accordance with United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice 
(United Kingdom Accounting Standards, 
comprising FRS 101 “Reduced Disclosure 
Framework”, and applicable law). Under 
company law the Directors must not 
approve the financial statements unless 
they are satisfied that they give a true 
and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and Company and of the profit or 
loss of the Group and Company for that 
period. In preparing the financial 
statements, the Directors are required to:

• select suitable accounting policies and 

then apply them consistently;

• state whether applicable IFRSs have 
been followed for the Group financial 
statements and United Kingdom 
Accounting Standards, comprising 
FRS 101, have been followed for the 
Company financial statements, 
subject to any material departures 
disclosed and explained in the 
financial statements;

• make judgements and accounting 
estimates that are reasonable and 
prudent; and

• prepare the financial statements on 
the going concern basis unless it is 
inappropriate to presume that the 
Group and Company will continue 
in business.

The Directors are also responsible for 
safeguarding the assets of the Group 
and Company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The Directors are responsible for keeping 
adequate accounting records that are 
sufficient to show and explain the Group 
and Company’s transactions and disclose 
with reasonable accuracy at any time the 
financial position of the Group and 
Company and enable them to ensure 
that the financial statements comply 
with the Companies Act 2006. 

The Directors are responsible for the 
maintenance and integrity of the 
Company’s financial statements 
published on the ultimate parent 
company’s website. Legislation in 
the United Kingdom governing the 
preparation and dissemination of 
financial statements may differ from 
legislation in other jurisdictions.

The Directors consider that the Annual 
Report and financial statements, 
taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and 
understandable and provides the 
information necessary for shareholders 
to assess the Group and Company’s 
performance, business model 
and strategy.

Each of the Directors, whose names and 
functions are listed in the Directors’ 
Report confirm that, to the best of 
their knowledge:

• the Group financial statements, which 

have been prepared in accordance with 
international accounting standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006, give a true and fair 
view of the assets, liabilities, financial 
position and loss of the Group; and

• the Directors’ Report includes a fair 

review of the development and 
performance of the business and the 
position of the Group and Company, 
together with a description of the 
principal risks and uncertainties that 
it faces. 

Statement of disclosure 
of information to auditors
In the case of each Director in office at 
the date the Directors’ Report is approved:

• so far as the Director is aware, there is 
no relevant audit information of which 
the Group and Company’s auditors are 
unaware; and

• they have taken all the steps that they 
ought to have taken as a Director in 
order to make themselves aware of any 
relevant audit information and to 
establish that the Group and Company’s 
auditors are aware of that information.

Signed by order of the Board

Susan Wallace

COMPANY SECRETARY

• the Company financial statements, 

25 April 2023

which have been prepared in 
accordance with United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice 
(United Kingdom Accounting Standards, 
comprising FRS 101 “Reduced 
Disclosure Framework”, and applicable 
law), give a true and fair view of the 
assets, liabilities, financial position 
and loss of the Company;

Registered Office:
Tennyson House
Cambridge Business Park
Cowley Road
Cambridge
CB4 0WZ

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

71

Independent Auditor’s Report 
to the members of 1Spatial plc

Opinion on the financial statements
In our opinion:

• the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s affairs as at 31 January 

2023 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended;

• the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards; 

• the Parent Company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted 

Accounting Practice; and

• the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006

We have audited the financial statements of 1Spatial plc (the ‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 
31 January 2023 which comprise the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated and company statements of 
financial position, the consolidated and company statements of changes in equity, the consolidated statement of cash flows and the 
notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Group financial statements is applicable law and UK 
adopted international accounting standards. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Parent 
Company financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 101 
Reduced Disclosure Framework (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice)

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities 
under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our 
report. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Independence

We remain independent of the Group and the Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our 
other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the Directors’ assessment of the Group and the Parent 
Company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included;

• Obtained an understanding of the director’s process for producing cash forecasting models, including the inputs and assumptions 

used in those models.

• Understanding and challenging the forecasts for the Group including underlining assumptions in the forecasts. This included 

comparing forecast revenue and costs with historical trends and historic forecasts with actual results to consider the accuracy 
of the directors’ forecasting. We also assessed the forecast revenue against the Group’s revenue pipeline.

• Performing analysis of changes in key assumptions including a reasonably possible (but not unrealistic) reduction in forecast revenue 

to understand the sensitivity in the cash flow forecasts.

• Reviewing the bank loan documents to understand the terms and repayment profile and comparing these to the Group’s forecasts.

• Reviewing the terms of the revolving credit facility to assess the availability thereof during the going concern period and terms 

attached to utilising the facility. 

• Review of the post year-end cash position to assess any potential unexpected deterioration in balances held. 

• Consideration of the potential impacts of the recent issues facing Silicon Valley Bank on going concern.

• A review of the appropriateness of the Directors’ statements in note 2 of the financial statements as to whether it discloses all the 
relevant events and assumptions made to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparation of the financial statements.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, 
individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group and the Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern 
for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections 
of this report.

72

Independent Auditor’s Report continued 
to the members of 1Spatial plc

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Overview

Coverage

61% (2022:55%) of Group profit before tax 

Key audit matters (KAM)

85% (2022:85%) of Group revenue

82% (2022:80%) of Group total assets

Revenue recognition

Capitalisation of development costs*

Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets*

31 January 2023


31 January 2022




*  Capitalisation of the development costs and Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets were no longer considered 
to be KAMs as they were not assessed to be significant risks in the current year. The methodology used by management to 
account for these was deemed appropriate and we did not anticipate material error.

Materiality

Group financial statements as a whole

£300,000 (2022: £270,000) based on 1% of revenue (2022: 1% of revenue).

An overview of the scope of our audit
Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including the Group’s system of internal 
control, and assessing the risks of material misstatement in the financial statements. We also addressed the risk of management 
override of internal controls, including assessing whether there was evidence of bias by the Directors that may have represented a risk 
of material misstatement.

Based on our assessment of the Group, we determined there to be three significant components, 1Spatial plc, 1Spatial Group Limited 
and 1Spatial France S.A.S., which were subject to full scope audits. The Group audit team performed the audits of 1Spatial plc and 
1Spatial Group Limited. We instructed BDO’s member firm in France as component auditor, to perform a full scope audit of the financial 
information of 1Spatial France S.A.S..

In addition, the Group audit team performed the following:

• Specified audit procedures were performed by the Group audit team over the revenue, deferred revenue, trade receivables and 

accrued revenue for 1Spatial Inc., a non-significant component.

The financial information of the remaining non-significant components were subject to analytical review procedures performed by the 
Group audit team. The work above, together with additional procedures performed at Group level over the consolidation process gave 
us the evidence we needed for our opinion on the financial statements as a whole.

Our involvement with component auditors

For the work performed by component auditors, we determined the level of involvement needed in order to be able to conclude 
whether sufficient appropriate audit evidence has been obtained as a basis for our opinion on the Group financial statements as 
a whole. Our involvement with the component auditor included the following:

• Group instructions were issued to the component auditor detailing risks identified for the component and related audit procedures 

to be performed for the financial statement areas together with the allocated component materiality threshold.

• We conducted numerous video and conference calls throughout the audit period to ensure we obtained a full understanding of the 

operational activities of the component. 

• We also attended the audit planning, update and clearance meetings with the component auditor.

• We performed a detailed review of the submitted reporting deliverables and reviewed the work undertaken by our component auditor 

by reviewing their working papers, and findings.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

73

Key audit matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) 
that we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit, 
and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements 
as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Key audit matter

Revenue Recognition

Refer to Note 2 and Note 5

The Group derives revenue from the sale 
of products and rendering of services 
to customers. 

These products and services are sold either 
individually or in software and service 
bundles and revenue is recognised at either 
a point in time or over time, depending on 
whether the performance obligations are 
distinct and when the performance 
obligation is satisfied. 

We considered the significant audit 
risks arising from recognition of revenue 
as follows: 

1) 

 Services revenue is recognised based 
upon the stage of completion of the 
service project. There is a risk the 
stage of completion which is based 
on a percentage of completion basis 
for services projects open at the 
year-end is incorrect or subject to 
management override.

2)   Software revenue for right to use and 
perpetual licences is recognised at a 
point in time. There is a risk due to fraud 
or error that revenue on such licences is 
not recognised in the correct period 
based on when the performance 
obligation is satisfied. 

For these reasons, revenue recognition was 
determined to be a key audit matter.

How the scope of our audit addressed the key 
audit matter

Our audit procedures included the 
following: 

•  We obtained an understanding of the key 
revenue processes from inception to 
disclosure in the financial statements.

•  We assessed whether group’s revenue 

recognition policy is in accordance with 
the applicable accounting standards.

•  For a sample of services revenue 

contracts open at year end, we assessed 
the percentage of completion based on 
timesheet information and total expected 
hours for the service delivery. 
We recalculated revenue recognised 
based on the percentage of completion 
of the fair value of the services revenue 
per the contract with the customer. 
We recalculated accrued and deferred 
income for such contracts based on 
revenue recognised versus invoice raised. 

•  For a sample of licence revenue 

recognised at a point in time around year 
end, we agreed to customer contract, 
invoice, and evidence of delivery of the 
performance obligation by agreeing to 
support for delivery of licence keys to 
check revenue was recognised for the 
correct licence amount and in the 
correct period. 

•  We recalculated a sample of deferred 
revenue balances as at the year end 
to confirm accuracy of the revenue 
recognition.

Key observations:

Based on the work performed we consider 
that the Group’s revenue recognition 
accounting policy is appropriate, and that 
revenue has been recognised in accordance 
with the Group’s revenue policy.

74

Independent Auditor’s Report continued 
to the members of 1Spatial plc

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Our application of materiality
We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of misstatements. 
We consider materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could influence the economic decisions 
of reasonable users that are taken on the basis of the financial statements. 

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, we use a lower materiality 
level, performance materiality, to determine the extent of testing needed. Importantly, misstatements below these levels will not 
necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the nature of identified misstatements, and the particular 
circumstances of their occurrence, when evaluating their effect on the financial statements as a whole. 

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole and performance materiality 
as follows:

Group financial statements

Parent company financial statements

£

£

31 January 2023

31 January 2022

31 January 2023

31 January 2022

Materiality

300,000

270,000

106,000

175,000

Basis for determining materiality 1% of revenue

Rationale for the benchmark 
applied

Revenue was considered to be the most 
appropriate benchmark as it is a consistent 
indicator of the performance of the Group for 
users of the financial statements and given the 
Directors’ current focus on revenue growth.

35% of Group 
materiality 

65% of Group 
materiality

The materiality of the Parent Company was 
capped at a percentage of Group materiality to 
respond to aggregation risk.

Performance materiality

225,000

202,000

79,000

131,000

Basis for determining 
performance materiality

31 January 2023: 75% (31 January 2022: 75%) of materiality based on our understanding of the 
Group, risk assessment procedures performed, and the nature and extent of misstatements 
identified in previous audits and the expectations in relation to misstatements for the current year.

Component materiality

We set materiality for each component of the Group based on a percentage of between 35% and 90% (2022: 65% and 68%) of Group 
materiality dependent on the size and our assessment of the risk of material misstatement of that component. Component materiality 
ranged from £106,000 to £270,000, (2022: £175,000 to £184,000). In the audit of each component, we further applied performance 
materiality levels of 75% (2022: 75%) of the component materiality to our testing to ensure that the risk of errors exceeding 
component materiality was appropriately mitigated.

Reporting threshold 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all individual audit differences in excess of £9,000 (2022: £8,000). 
We also agreed to report differences below this threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on qualitative grounds.

Other information
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report 
other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other 
information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially 
misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this 
gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude 
that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Overview

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Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

75

Other Companies Act 2006 reporting
Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, we are required by the 
Companies Act 2006 and ISAs (UK) to report on certain opinions and matters as described below. 

Strategic report and 
Directors’ report 

Matters on which we 
are required to report 
by exception

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

•  the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors’ report for the financial year for which the 

financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

•  the Strategic report and the Directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable 

legal requirements.

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and Parent Company and its environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report 
or the Directors’ report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit 

have not been received from branches not visited by us; or

•  the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

•  certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Responsibilities of Directors
As explained more fully in the Directors’ responsibilities statement, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial 
statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Directors determine is 
necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the Parent Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic 
alternative but to do so.

76

Independent Auditor’s Report continued 
to the members of 1Spatial plc

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a 
high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material 
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Extent to which the audit was capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our 
responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which 
our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

• We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the Group and its components and 

determined that the most significant laws and regulations which are directly relevant to specific assertions in the financial statements 
are those that relate to the accounting frameworks, Companies Act 2006 and rules of the London Stock Exchange for companies 
trading securities on AIM, data privacy and the relevant tax compliance regulations.

• We understood how the Group is complying with those frameworks by making enquiries of management and those responsible for 
legal and compliance procedures. We corroborated our enquiries through our review of board minutes and papers provided to the 
Audit Committee.

• We also reviewed the Group’s tax computations and returns and financial statements disclosures against the requirements of the 

relevant tax legislation and applicable accounting frameworks respectively.

• We assessed the susceptibility of the Group’s financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur, 

by meeting with management to understand where they considered there was a susceptibility to fraud. 

• Our audit planning identified fraud risks in relation to management override of control and risk of fraud in revenue recognition 

which has been assessed as a Key Audit Matter above. 

• We obtained an understanding of the processes and controls that the Group has established to address risks identified, or that 

otherwise prevent, deter and detect fraud and how management monitors the processes and controls.

• We communicated relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members and component 

auditors and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit.

• In response to the risk of management override of control, our procedures included journal entry testing, with a focus on large or 

unusual transactions based on our knowledge of the business which where agreed to supporting documentation where applicable; 
and enquiries with Group Management and those charged with governance regarding an instances of known or suspected fraud 
during the year.

Our audit procedures were designed to respond to risks of material misstatement in the financial statements, recognising that the risk 
of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may 
involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery, misrepresentations or through collusion. There are inherent limitations in the 
audit procedures performed and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions 
reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we are to become aware of it.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. 
This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

Use of our report
This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Parent Company’s members those matters we are required 
to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this 
report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Leighton Thomas (Senior Statutory Auditor)

FOR AND ON BEHALF OF BDO LLP, STATUTORY AUDITOR

London, UK

25 April 2023

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales (with registered number OC305127).

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

77

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

Revenue
Cost of sales 

Gross profit
Administrative expenses

Adjusted EBITDA
Less: depreciation

Less: depreciation on right of use asset
Less: amortisation and impairment of intangible assets
Less: share-based payment charge
Less: strategic, integration and other non-recurring items

Operating profit

Finance income
Finance costs

Net finance cost

Profit before tax 

Income tax credit

Profit for the year 

Profit for the year attributable to:
Equity shareholders of the Parent

Other comprehensive income
Items that may subsequently be reclassified to profit or loss:
Actuarial gains arising on defined benefit pension, net of tax
Exchange differences arising on translation of net assets of foreign operations

Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year, net of tax
Total comprehensive gain for the year

Total comprehensive gain attributable to the equity shareholders  
of the Parent

Earnings per ordinary share attributable to the owners of the Parent during 
the year (expressed in pence per ordinary share):
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share

Note

5

11

16
10
22
7

 6(a)

8
8

8

9

18

23
23

2023
£’000

30,002
(14,504)

15,498
(14,244)

1,254

4,997
(253)

(1,056)
(2,048)
(192)
(194)

1,254

19
(229)

(210)

1,044

14

1,058

1,058

1,058

162
415

577
1,635

1,635

1.0
0.9

2022
(restated)* 
£’000

27,027
(13,078)

13,949
(13,534)

415

4,182
(198)

(989)
(2,254)
(326)
–

415

14
(209)

(195)

220

163

383

383

383

113
(246)

(133)
250

250

0.3
0.3

* 

The 2022 Consolidated statement of comprehensive income has been restated for the recognition of deferred tax (see note 26).

78

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
As at 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Assets
Non-current assets
Intangible assets including goodwill
Property, plant and equipment
Right of use assets

Total non-current assets 

Current assets
Trade and other receivables
Current income tax receivable
Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets 

Total assets

Liabilities
Current liabilities
Bank borrowings
Trade and other payables
Lease liabilities
Deferred consideration

Total current liabilities 

Non-current liabilities
Bank borrowings
Lease liabilities
Deferred consideration
Defined benefit pension obligation
Deferred tax

Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Share capital and reserves
Share capital
Share premium account
Own shares held
Equity-settled employee benefits reserve
Merger reserve
Reverse acquisition reserve
Currency translation reserve
Accumulated losses
Purchase of non-controlling interest reserve

Total equity

Note

10
11
16

12

13

14
15
16
17

14
16
17
18
19

20
20
20
22
21
21
21

21

2023
£’000

17,408
302
1,609

19,319

14,151
35
5,036

19,222

38,541

(660)
(15,797)
(608)
(28)

(17,093)

(1,322)
(1,077)
–
(1,154)
(544)

(4,097)

(21,190)

17,351

20,155
30,488
(139)
4,122
16,465
(11,584)
501
(42,180)
(477)

17,351

2022 
(restated)**
£’000

15,003
350
1,747

17,100

12,271
124
5,623

18,018

35,118

(531)
(13,284)
(748)
(340)

(14,903)

(1,861)
(976)
(27)
(1,276)
(565)

(4,705)

(19,608)

15,510

20,150
30,479
(303)
3,930
16,465
(11,584)
86
(43,236)
(477)

15,510

**  The 2022 Consolidated statement of financial position has been restated for the recognition of deferred tax (see note 26). 

The financial statements on pages 77 to 113 were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 25 April 2023 and signed on its behalf by:

Stuart Ritchie
DIRECTOR

25 April 2023

Registered company number (England): 5429800

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

79

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

Share 
capital

Share 
premium 
account

Own 
shares 
held

Equity-
settled 
employee 
benefits 
reserve

Merger 
reserve

Reverse
acquisition
reserve

Currency 
translation 
reserve

Purchase 
of 
non-
controlling 
interest 
reserve

Accumulated 
losses

Total 
equity

20,150 30,479

(303)

3,604 16,465

(11,584)

332

(477)

(43,931) 14,735

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

199

199

20,150 30,479

(303)

3,604 16,465

(11,584)

332

(477)

(43,732) 14,934

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

326

326

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

(246)

(246)

(246)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

383

383

113

113

–

(246)

113

(133)

496

250

–

–

326

326

20,150 30,479

(303)

3,930 16,465

(11,584)

86

(477)

(43,236)

15,510

–

–

–

–

–

–
5
–

5

–

–

–

–

–

–
9
–

9

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–
–
164

164

192
–
–

192

–

–

–

–

–

–
–
–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–
–
–

–

–

–

415

415

415

–
–
–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–
–
–

–

1,058

1,058

162

162

–

415

162

577

1,220

1,635

–
–
(164)

192
14
–

(164)

206

20,155 30,488

(139)

4,122 16,465

(11,584)

501

(477)

(42,180)

17,351

£’000

Balance at  
31 January 2021  
as previously reported

Prior year adjustment  
(see note 27)
Balance at 31 January 
2021 as restated

Comprehensive profit
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive loss

Actuarial gains arising on 
defined benefit pension
Exchange differences on 
translating foreign 
operations

Total other comprehensive  
(loss)/income

Total comprehensive  
(loss)/income

Transactions with owners
Recognition of share-based 
payment expense

Balance at 31 January 2022 
as restated

Comprehensive profit
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive 
income

Actuarial gains arising on 
defined benefit pension
Exchange differences on 
translating foreign 
operations

Total other comprehensive 
income

Total comprehensive 
income

Transactions with owners
Recognition of share-based 
payment expense
Issue of share capital
Transfer of treasury shares

Balance at  
31 January 2023

80

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations
Interest received
Interest paid
Tax paid
Tax received

Net cash generated from operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
Expenditure on development costs and other intangibles 

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from loans and borrowings
Repayment of loans and borrowings
Repayment of lease obligations
Payment of deferred consideration on acquisition
Net proceeds from share issue

Net cash used in financing activities

Note

13 (a)

11
10

16
17

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at start of year
Effects of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

13 (b)

2023
£’000

5,352
19
(229)
(–)
179

5,321

(163)
(3,854)

(4,017)

500
(1,043)
(1,099)
(352)
14

(1,980)

(676)
5,623
89

5,036

2022
£’000

2,497
12
(146)
(24)
200

2,539

(164)
(2,449)

(2,613)

–
(423)
(1,088)
–
–

(1,511)

(1,585)
7,278
(70)

5,623

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

81

Notes to the Financial Statements 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1.  General information
The consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 January 2023 comprise 1Spatial plc (‘the Company’) and its subsidiaries 
(together ‘the Group’). 

The principal activities of the Company and its subsidiaries are described within the Directors’ report on page 68.

The Company is a public limited company whose shares are listed on the AIM London Stock Exchange and is incorporated and 
domiciled in the United Kingdom. The address of its registered office is Tennyson House, Cambridge Business Park, Cowley Road, 
Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, CB4 0WZ.

2.  Summary of significant accounting policies 
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. These policies 
have been applied consistently throughout the year except where otherwise indicated.

Basis of preparation 

The consolidated financial statements of 1Spatial plc have been prepared in accordance with international accounting standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the 
historical cost convention. 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires 
management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of 
judgement and complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial statements are 
disclosed in note 4.

Going concern

The Board used as its basis for the going concern review the budget for the FY 2024 year, rolled out to 31 July 2024 using part of its 
forecast for FY 2025, so that a full 12-month period from the date of signing the FY 2023 Annual Report and Accounts is considered. In 
addition to applying the normal sensitivities to cash flows, the going concern review included a reverse-stress test to demonstrate that 
even if new business and renewals are severely impacted, the finances of the Group remain robust. 

The year ended 31 January 2023 saw a record year for revenues and profits for the Group with a strong performance in all regions. FY 
2023 was a year of increased revenue, operating profit, profit before tax as well as double-digit growth in recurring revenue, increased 
adjusted EBITDA and a significant increase in the operating cash conversion to approximately 106% (FY 2022: 60%). Metrics for future 
years are positive with Annualised Recurring Revenue (‘ARR’) increasing to approximately £16m (FY 2022: approximately £13m) driven 
primarily by term licence sales in the US. Additionally, the value of committed service orders going into FY 2024 remains strong at 
approximately £10m. We anticipate that revenue on these orders will be recognised in FY 2024. We entered the current year with a record 
level of contracted future revenue, a wide range of customers in stable industry segments of Government, Utilities and Transport and 
growing proof of delivery in all regions. 

The operating cash flow generated in FY 2023 was positive but was impacted by working capital requirements on larger projects and the 
Group’s decision to continue to invest in growing the business. The Group entered into a Revolving Credit Facility (‘RCF’) in June 2022 
denominated in GBP with a limit of £3m and an expiry date of 22 June 2025. 

The Group started the current financial year on 1 February 2023 with cash of £5.0m and debt of £1.9m, giving net funds (before lease 
liabilities) of £3.1m. Including the new RCF facility, the Group’s liquidity is approximately £6.1m.

The Board has concluded, after reviewing the work detailed above, that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operation for at 
least 12 months from the date of approval of the financial statements. Accordingly, they have adopted the going concern basis in preparing 
these financial statements.

Audit exemption 

Subsidiary undertaking 1Spatial Holdings Limited has claimed the audit exemption under Companies Act 2006 Section 479A with 
respect to the year ended 31 January 2023. The Group parent company, 1Spatial plc, has given a statement of guarantee under 
Companies Act 2006 Section 479C, whereby 1Spatial plc will guarantee all outstanding liabilities to which the subsidiary company is 
subject as at 31 January 2023. In addition, Aon Spásúil Limited has claimed the audit exemption under Irish Companies Act 2014 
section 357 with respect to the year ended 31 January 2023. The Group parent company, 1Spatial plc has given a statement of 
guarantee whereby it will guarantee all outstanding liabilities to which Aon Spásúil Limited is subject to at 31 January 2023.

82

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

2.  Summary of significant accounting policies continued

Adoption of new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs)

The accounting policies adopted in these consolidated financial statements are consistent with those of the annual financial statements 
for the year ended 31 January 2022.

(i) New standards, amendments and interpretations affecting amounts reported in the financial statements
The following amendments are effective for the period beginning 1 February 2022:

• Onerous Contracts – Cost of Fulfilling a Contract (Amendments to IAS 37);

• Property, Plant and Equipment: Proceeds before Intended Use (Amendments to IAS 16);

• Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 (Amendments to IFRS 1, IFRS 9, FRS 16 and IAS 41); and

• References to Conceptual Framework (Amendments to IFRS 3).

(ii) New standards, amendments and interpretations issued but not effective for the financial year beginning 1 February 
2023 and not adopted early 
There are a number of standards, amendments to standards, and interpretations which have been issued by the IASB that are effective 
in future accounting periods that the Group has decided not to adopt early. The following amendments are effective for the period 
beginning 1 February 2023:

• Disclosure of Accounting Policies (Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2);

• Definition of Accounting Estimates (Amendments to IAS 8); and

• Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction (Amendments to IAS 12).

The following amendments are effective for the period beginning 1 February 2024:

• IFRS 16 Leases (Amendment – Liability in a Sale and Leaseback)

• IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (Amendment – Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current)

• IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (Amendment – Non-current Liabilities with Covenants)

These standards are not expected to have a material impact on the entity in the current or future reporting periods and on foreseeable 
future transactions.

Basis of consolidation

The results and net assets of all subsidiary undertakings acquired are included in the statement of comprehensive income and 
consolidated statement of financial position using the purchase method of accounting from the effective date at which control is 
obtained by the Group. Subsidiary undertakings cease to be consolidated from the date at which the Group no longer retains control, or 
from the date that the subsidiary is classified within disposal groups held for sale. The Group controls an entity when the Group is 
exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its 
power over the entity. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in full. Accounting policies of subsidiaries are 
changed where necessary to ensure consistent policies across the Group. 

Fair value measurements

The disclosures in IFRS 13 must be made separately for each class of assets and liabilities. Appropriate classes of assets and liabilities 
are determined by considering the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability, and the level of the fair value hierarchy 
within which the fair value measurement is categorised.

Business combinations 

Acquisitions of subsidiaries and businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The cost of an acquisition is measured as 
the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of exchange. Where there is 
deferred consideration payable in cash, the amount is discounted to its present value. The fair value of deferred cash consideration is 
included within the Group’s financial statements as a liability. 

Where there is deferred consideration payable in shares (and it is a fixed number of shares), the consideration is accounted for as equity to 
be issued. Where there is deferred consideration payable in shares (and it is a fixed value payable in shares), the amount is discounted to 
its present value and the fair value of deferred consideration is included within the Group’s financial statements as a liability.

Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their 
fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net 
assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary acquired, 
the difference is recognised directly in the statement of comprehensive income. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

83

Transactions with non-controlling interests that do not result in loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions – that is as 
transactions with owners in their capacity as owners. The difference between the fair value of any consideration paid and the relevant 
share acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is regarded as equity.

Where a business combination is achieved in a series of transactions, the business combination’s cost is the aggregate of the fair values 
of the assets given, liabilities assumed and equity instruments issued by the acquirer at the date of each transaction in the series. The 
previously held interest is re-measured to fair value at the acquisition date, and a gain or loss is recognised in the statement of 
comprehensive income.

Disposal of subsidiaries

The date of disposal of a subsidiary is the date on which control passes. The consolidated statement of comprehensive income includes 
the results of a subsidiary up to the date of disposal; the gain or loss on disposal is the difference between (a) the carrying amount of 
the net assets plus any attributable goodwill and amounts accumulated in other comprehensive income; and (b) the proceeds of sale.

Segment reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker.  
The chief operating decision-maker has been identified as the Board of Directors which makes the Group’s strategic decisions.

Foreign currency translation 

(a) Functional and presentation currency 
Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic 
environment in which the entity operates (‘the functional currency’). The consolidated financial statements are presented in UK sterling 
which is the Company’s functional and presentation currency. Foreign currency adjustments arise on translating the overseas 
subsidiaries into the Group’s presentation currency.

(b) Transactions and balances 
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the 
transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at 
year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the statement of 
comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.

(c) Group companies
The results and financial position of all the Group entities (none of which has the currency of a hyper-inflationary economy) that have a 
functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:

i)  assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that 

statement of financial position;

ii)  income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive income are translated at average exchange rates (unless this average is 
not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and 
expenses are translated at the rate on the dates of the transactions); and

iii) all resulting exchange differences are recognised as a separate component of equity.

(d) Goodwill and intangibles
Goodwill and intangibles adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign 
operation and translated at the closing rate.

Revenue recognition 

Revenue is recognised in accordance with IFRS 15, the policies adopted are set out below.

Revenue comprises the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for software licences, support and maintenance, professional 
services (including distinct software development services) in the ordinary course of the Group’s activities. The consideration is 
allocated between the individual performance obligations in a contract, and revenue is recognised when the associated performance 
obligations are satisfied.

Revenue is allocated to the various performance obligations on a relative stand-alone selling price (‘SSP’) basis. The Group utilises 
available data points based on relevant historical transactions, to establish the observable stand-alone selling prices to be used in 
allocating transaction consideration. For observable stand-alone sales a reasonable range of prices will be determined to represent the 
stand-alone selling price of that performance obligation. For performance obligations where observable stand-alone sales are not 
available, SSP will be estimated using the following methods in the order set out below:

• Market price

• Expected cost plus a margin

• Residual approach

84

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

2.  Summary of significant accounting policies continued

Revenue recognition continued

Revenue for each of the Group’s different performance obligations and how it is recognised is set out below.

Recurring revenue 
Software licences
Fixed term software licence revenue is the sale of right to use the software and is recognised when the software is made available to 
the customer (i.e. when control of the asset is transferred and the performance obligation is satisfied). Licence revenue is considered 
right to use as the customer receives the right to download and use the software. Fixed term licence contracts are typically sold on 
twelve-month terms and subject to annual renewal. 

SaaS arrangements where customers access the functionality of a hosted software over the contract period without taking possession of 
the software are deemed right of access. As such, the performance obligations are provided evenly over a defined term and the Group 
recognises revenue over the period in which the subscriptions are provided as the service is delivered, generally on a straight-line basis.

Support and maintenance 
Where the support and maintenance is sold for a fixed term and there is a continuing performance obligation, revenue is recognised 
over the term of the agreement on a straight-line basis.

Where fees for support and maintenance are bundled with the licence fee, the transaction price is allocated to the distinct performance 
obligations with revenue recognised when the performance obligation has been met. In order to determine the allocation to the distinct 
elements, reference is made to market price or where there is no market price, the estimated standalone selling price for that 
performance obligation.

Annualised recurring revenue 
In addition to the recurring revenue streams explained above and disclosed in note 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the 
Annual Report also makes reference to annualised recurring revenue (‘ARR’) and uses this measure to evaluate the Group’s 
performance. Annualised Recurring Revenue (‘ARR’) is the annualised value at the year-end of committed recurring contracts for term 
licences and support & maintenance. A reconciliation between the revenue recognised in the consolidated statement of comprehensive 
income and the Group’s ARR for the current and prior year is included under the heading Alternative Performance Measures in this 
note to the consolidated financial statements.

Services 
Professional services
Revenue is recognised based upon stage of completion of the services project or where there are a series of distinct milestones, to the 
completion of that element of the overall services project. The stage of completion is based on a percentage of completion basis, as 
determined by the percentage of labour costs incurred to date compared to the total estimated labour costs of a contract. The nature 
of some contracts in our European operations means the licence and implementation services are effectively part of a bundled 
transaction and in those cases the revenue for the licence is recognised on a pro-rata basis to the service revenue recognition, given 
that the customer is able to assume the benefits of the licences as the services are rendered.

Software development services
Revenue is recognised over time based upon stage of completion of the software project. The percentage of completion of the project 
is arrived at by a considered objective review as to the work that has been carried out, against that which is yet to be completed, to 
allow the project to be delivered to the customer. These reviews are carried out throughout the project. Where the Group has an 
enforceable right to payment for performance to date, revenue is recognised using an input method based on costs incurred as a 
proportion of total costs expected to be incurred. Where there is no enforceable right to payment for performance to date, revenue is 
recognised based on an output method based on contract milestones achieved. Any costs relating to the element of the project not yet 
being recognised as revenue are deferred, until the associated revenue is recognised, and included within other receivables.

Non-recurring revenue
Perpetual licences
Non-recurring perpetual software licences revenue is the sale of right to use the software and the term is undefined. Non-recurring perpetual 
software licences revenue is recognised when the software is made available to the customer (i.e. when control of the asset is transferred and 
the performance obligation is satisfied). Licence revenue is considered right to use as the customer receives the right to download and use 
the software. This revenue is expected to transition in time to being part of recurring term or subscription licences.

Principal versus agent considerations 
When the Group is involved in providing other party’s products to a customer, the Group determines whether it is a principal or an 
agent for each specified good or service promised to the customer. A specified good or service is a distinct good or service (or a distinct 
bundle of goods or services) to be provided to the customer. To determine the nature of its promise, the Group shall:

• identify the specified goods or services to be provided to the customer (which, for example, could be a right to a good or service to be 

provided by another party); and

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

85

• assess whether it controls each specified good or service before that good or service is transferred to the customer. The Group is a 

principal if it controls the specified good or service before that good or service is transferred to a customer. The following factors are 
considered in the analysis:

 – The entity which is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified product. 

 – If the Group has inventory risk before the specified good or service has been transferred to a customer, or after transfer of control 

to the customer.

• The Group has discretion in establishing the prices for the specified product. 

The Group acts as principal when we control the specified good or service prior to transfer, with on-going obligations to deliver the 
services, the revenue would be recognised over time. Where the Group acts as principal, the Group has determined the recognition 
of revenue for perpetual licences is point in time whilst for support and maintenance it is recognised over time due to the on-going 
obligations to deliver the support and maintenance.

Interest income

Interest income is accrued on a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable, which is the 
rate that discounts the estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount.

Government grants

Government grants and other assistance are accounted for under IAS 20 Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of 
Government Assistance. A government grant is recognised only when there is reasonable assurance that (a) the entity will comply with 
any conditions attached to the grant and (b) the grant will be or has been received. The grant is recognised as income over the period 
necessary to match them with the related costs, for which they are intended to compensate, on a systematic basis. 

Assistance in the form of bank loans backed by government support that may be forgiven if certain conditions are met are initially 
recorded as loans. When the conditions for forgiveness are met, or there is reasonable assurance that the conditions will be met, the 
grant is credited to the profit and loss.

Deferred costs and deferred revenues 

To the extent that the cost and revenue recognition differs from the contractual billing terms, costs are included in other receivables 
and revenue is included in contract assets or contract liabilities. Incremental costs of obtaining a contract and costs to fulfil a contract 
are included within other receivables if they are expected to be recovered. The costs are amortised on a systematic basis consistent 
with the expected pattern of the transfer of services under the contract.

Strategic, integration and other non-recurring items 

When items of income or expense are considered significant by virtue of their size, nature or incidence or which have a distortive effect 
on current year earnings and are relevant to an understanding of the Group’s financial performance, they are disclosed separately 
within the financial statements as Strategic, Integration or Other non-recurring items. Such items may include but are not limited to 
restructuring charges and acquisition-related costs.

Current and deferred income tax 

The tax charge for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the profit or loss, except to the extent that it 
relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also recognised in other 
comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

Current tax
Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities, based 
on tax rates and laws that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Taxable profit differs from profit/(loss) as 
reported in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible 
in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible.

Deferred tax 
Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements 
and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all 
taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that 
it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. 

A deferred tax liability is provided on intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination. This results in an increase in residual 
goodwill by the same amount. This liability has been recognised in accordance with IAS12. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled 
or the asset realised, based on tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the financial year. The 
measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Group 
expects, at the end of the financial year, to recover or settle that carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

86

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

2.  Summary of significant accounting policies continued

Current and deferred income tax continued

R&D tax credits
Companies within the Group may be entitled to claim special tax allowances in relation to qualifying research and development 
expenditure, e.g. R&D tax credits. The Group accounts for such allowances as tax credits which means they are recognised when it is 
probable that the benefit will flow to the group and that the benefit can be reliably measured. R&D tax credits reduce current tax 
expense and, to the extent the amounts are due in respect of them and not settled by the statement of financial position date, reduce 
current tax payable.

Intangible assets

(a) Goodwill
Goodwill arising in a business combination is recognised as an asset at the date that control is acquired. Goodwill represents the excess  
of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the net identifiable assets of the acquired subsidiary at the date of 
acquisition. If, after reassessment, the Group’s interest in the fair value of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets exceeds the sum of the 
consideration transferred, the excess is recognised immediately in profit and loss as a bargain purchase gain. Goodwill is tested annually 
for impairment and carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Any impairment is charged to the statement of comprehensive 
income and is not reversed. Gains and losses on the disposal of an entity include the carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity 
sold. Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units (‘CGUs’) for the purpose of impairment testing. The allocation is made to those CGUs 
that are expected to benefit from the business combination in which the goodwill arose, identified according to the operating segment.

(b) Other intangible assets 
Other intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses. 

An intangible asset acquired as part of a business combination is recognised outside goodwill if the asset is separable or arises from 
contractual or other legal rights and its fair value can be measured reliably.

Expenditure on internally developed intangible assets, excluding development costs, is taken to the statement of comprehensive 
income in the year in which it is incurred. Development expenditure is recognised as an intangible asset only if all of the following 
conditions are met: an asset is created that can be identified; it is probable that the asset created will generate future economic 
benefits; it is technically feasible that the asset can be completed so that it will be available for use or sale and there are sufficient 
available resources to complete it; and the development costs can be measured reliably. The types of costs capitalised include 
employee costs and subcontractor costs directly associated with development activity.

The amount initially recognised for internally generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when 
the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. Where no internally generated intangible asset can be recognised, 
development expenditure is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income in the period in which it is incurred. Capitalised 
development costs are recorded as intangible assets and amortised from the point at which the asset is ready for use.

Subsequent to initial recognition, internally generated intangible assets are reported at cost less amortisation and accumulated 
impairment losses. Internally generated intangible assets consist of development costs.

Amortisation is charged to profit or loss. Intangible assets with a finite life are amortised on a straight-line basis over their expected 
useful lives, as follows:

Brands

Customer and related contracts

Software and intellectual property

Development costs

Impairment of non-financial assets

5 to 10 years

5 to 10 years

3 to 10 years

2 to 5 years

Assets that have an indefinite useful life, for example goodwill, are not subject to amortisation. These are tested annually for 
impairment. Assets that are subject to depreciation or amortisation are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which 
the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to 
sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately 
identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets other than goodwill that suffered an impairment are reviewed for 
possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

87

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Cost includes the original 
purchase price of the asset and the costs attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use.

Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost or valuation of property, plant and equipment, less their estimated 
residual value over their expected useful lives on the following basis:

Leasehold property improvements

Motor vehicles

Fixtures, fittings and equipment

Right of use assets

straight line over period of lease

25% to 33% per annum – straight line

20% to 33% per annum – straight line

straight line over period of lease

The Directors annually review the residual value and estimated useful lives of the property, plant and equipment. 

The gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an asset is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds and the 
carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in administrative expenses.

Leases

IFRS 16 requires lessees to recognise a lease liability that reflects future lease payments and a "right-of-use asset" in all lease contracts 
within scope. IFRS 16 exempts lessees in short-term leases or when underlying asset has a low value.

The Group has elected to apply the practical expedient and not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases with 
low-value assets only. The lease payments associated with these leases is recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the 
lease term.

At inception of a contract, the Group assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease based on whether the contract conveys the 
right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

The Group has elected to apply the practical expedient to account for each lease component and any non-lease components as a single 
lease component.

The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the following lease payments:

• Fixed payments

• Variable payments that are based on index or rate

• The exercise price of an extension or purchase option if reasonably certain to be exercised 

• Payment of penalties for terminating the lease, if a termination option is reasonably certain to be exercised 

The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Group’s 
incremental borrowing rate. The weighted average lessee’s incremental borrowing rate applied to the lease liabilities was 4.8%.

The right-of-use asset is initially measured based on the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before 
the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to 
restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received. The assets are depreciated to the earlier of 
the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the lease term using the straight-line method. The lease term includes periods covered by 
an option to extend if the Company is reasonably certain to exercise that option. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by 
impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease 
payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Company’s estimate of the amount expected to be payable. A 
corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of 
the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

Extension and termination options exist in the UK building lease. These terms are used to maximise operational flexibility in terms of 
managing contracts. In determining the lease term, management considers all facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive to 
exercise an extension option, or not exercise a termination option. Extension options are only included in the lease term if the lease is 
reasonably certain to be extended. The assessment of whether the Group is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option is reviewed if a 
significant event or a significant change in circumstances occurs which affects this assessment and is within the control of the Group. 

88

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

2.  Summary of significant accounting policies continued

Non-current assets or disposal groups classified as held for sale

Non-current assets or disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs 
to sell.

Non-current assets or disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered through a sale transaction 
rather than through continuing use. The condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset is available for 
immediate sale in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale which should be expected to qualify for recognition  
as a completed sale within one year from the date of the classification.

Financial assets 

The Group’s financial assets comprise ‘trade and other receivables’ and ‘cash and cash equivalents’ in the statement of financial position.

(a)  Trade and other receivables
Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for services performed in the ordinary course of business. If collection is expected 
in one year or less they are classified as current assets. If not, they are presented as non-current assets.

Trade receivables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently held at amortised cost, less provision for impairment. 
Appropriate allowances for estimated irrecoverable amounts are recognised in profit or loss. The Group has utilised the simplified 
approach to measuring credit losses, using a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade receivables and contract assets. When a 
trade receivable is considered uncollectable, it is written off against the allowance account. Subsequent recoveries of amounts 
previously written off are credited against the allowance account. Changes in the carrying amount of the allowance account are 
recognised in profit or loss.

(b)  Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of financial position comprise readily accessible cash at bank and in hand. Bank accounts 
held which have an original maturity of more than three months, or which are subject to significant restrictions over access, are not 
presented as cash and cash equivalents. Such amounts are shown separately as short-term investments or other financial assets with 
appropriate disclosure of the related terms.

For the purpose of the consolidated statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and cash equivalents as defined 
above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts.

Financial liabilities

The Group classifies its financial liabilities as ‘trade and other payables’ and ‘borrowings’ according to the substance of the contractual 
arrangements entered into.

(a)  Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from 
suppliers. Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within 12 months or less. If not, they are presented as 
non-current liabilities.

Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

(b)  Borrowings
All borrowings are initially recognised at fair value less directly attributable transaction costs. After initial recognition, borrowings are 
subsequently measured at amortised cost; any difference between the proceeds and the redemption value is recognised in the statement 
of comprehensive income over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Borrowings are classified as current 
liabilities unless the Group has an unconditional right to defer settlement of a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date. 

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that 
the Group will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the 
statement of financial position date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation.

(a)  Restructurings
A restructuring provision is recognised when the Group has developed a detailed formal plan for the restructuring and has raised a valid 
expectation in those affected that it will carry out the restructuring by starting to implement the plan or announcing its main features to those 
affected by it. The measurement of a restructuring provision includes only the direct expenditures arising from the restructuring, which are 
those amounts that are both necessarily entailed by the restructuring and not associated with the ongoing activities of the entity.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

89

Share capital 

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares, share options or share 
warrants are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.

Employee benefits

(a)  Pensions
The Group operates various post-employment schemes, including both defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans.

A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. The Group has no legal 
or constructive obligations to pay further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating 
to employee service in the current and prior periods. A defined benefit plan is a pension plan that is not a defined contribution plan.

The defined benefit plan defines an amount of pension benefit that an employee will receive on retirement, dependent on factors such 
as age, years of service and compensation.

The liability recognised in the statement of financial position in respect of defined benefit pension plans is the present value of the defined 
benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period (there are no plan assets). The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by 
independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by 
discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency 
in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related pension obligation.

Re-measurement gains and losses arising from experience adjustments and changes in actuarial assumptions are charged or credited 
to shareholders’ funds in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise. The amount charged or credited to finance 
costs is a net interest amount calculated by applying the liability discount rate to the net defined benefit liability. Past-service costs are 
recognised immediately in the statement of comprehensive income.

For defined contribution plans, the Group pays contributions to publicly or privately administered pension insurance plans on a mandatory, 
contractual or voluntary basis. The Group has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are 
recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash 
refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.

Share-based payments

The Group operates a number of equity-settled, share-based payment compensation plans, under which the entity receives services 
from employees as consideration for equity instruments (options) of the Group. The fair value of the employee service received in 
exchange for the grant of the options is recognised as an expense over the vesting period. The total amount to be expensed over the 
vesting period is determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted, including any market-based performance conditions 
(for example, the Company’s share price), but excluding the impact of any service and non-market performance vesting conditions (for 
example, profitability targets). Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the number of options that are 
expected to vest. At each reporting date, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on 
the non-market vesting conditions. It recognises the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in the statement of 
comprehensive income, a corresponding adjustment to equity. 

Where options are exercised, the Company issues new shares. The proceeds received net of any directly attributable transaction costs 
are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share premium when the options are exercised.

If a granted option is cancelled and regranted the increase in fair value of the granted option measured immediately before and after 
the cancellation and regrant is added to the value of the employee’s service received in exchange for the grant

If an option is cancelled this is accounted for as an acceleration of the vesting period and any amount unrecognised is recognised 
immediately.

(b)  Other
Wages, salaries and social contributions, paid annual leave and sick leave, bonuses, and non-monetary benefits are accrued in the year 
in which the associated services are rendered by the employees of the Group.

90

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

2.  Summary of significant accounting policies continued

Alternative Performance Measures

The Group uses certain Alternative Performance Measures to enable the users of the Group’s financial statements to understand and 
evaluate the performance of the Group consistently over different reporting periods. APMs are non-GAAP company specific measures. 
As these are non-GAAP measures, they should not be considered as a replacements for IFRS measures. The Group’s definition of 
non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Details of the Alternative 
Performance Measures used together a reconciliation to the closest GAAP measure is included below:

Recurring Revenue

Total Revenue
Adjustments:
Services
Perpetual Licences – own
Perpetual Licences – third party

Recurring Revenue

Annualised Recurring Revenue

Recurring Revenue
Adjustments:
Timing difference on Net New Revenue in period

Annualised Recurring Revenue

Adjusted EBITDA

Profit before tax
Adjustments:
Depreciation
Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets
Share-based payment charge
Strategic, integration and other one-off items
Net finance cost

Adjusted EBITDA

Operating Cashflow

Cash generated from operations
Adjustments:
Cash flow on strategic, integration and other non-recurring items

Cash generated from operations before strategic, integration and other  
non-recurring items

Free cash flow

Cash generated from operations before strategic, integration and other  
non-recurring items
Adjustments:
Net interest paid
Net tax received
Expenditure on product development and intellectual property capitalised
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
Lease payments

Free cash flow before strategic, integration and other non-recurring items
Cash flow on strategic, integration and other non-recurring items

Free cash flow

Net Cash

Cash and cash equivalents
Adjustments:
Bank Borrowings – current
Bank Borrowings – non-current

Net Cash

FY2023

30,002 

(13,601)
(393)
(1,253)

14,755 

FY2023

14,755 

1,018 

15,773 

FY2023

1,044 

1,309 
2,048 
192 
194 
210 

4,997 

FY2023

5,352 

48 

5,400 

FY2023

5,400 

(210)
179 
(3,854)
(163)
(1,099)

253 
(48)

205 

FY2023

5,036 

(660)
(1,322)

3,054 

FY2022

27,027 

(12,357)
(800)
(1,690)

12,180 

FY2022

12,180 

1,260 

13,440 

FY2022

220

1,187 
2,254 
326 
– 
195 

4,182 

FY2022

2,497 

294 

2,791 

FY2022

2,791 

(134)
176 
(2,449)
(164)
(1,088)

(868)
(294)

(1,162)

FY2022

5,623 

(531)
(1,861)

3,231 

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

91

3.  Financial instruments 

Financial assets and financial liabilities

The Group holds the following financial instruments:

Financial assets held at amortised cost 
Trade and other receivables *
Cash and cash equivalents

Financial liabilities (amortised cost)
Bank borrowings
Trade and other payables **

At 31 January 2023
£’000

At 31 January 2022
£’000

12,901
5,036

17,937

1,982
4,555

6,537

11,188
5,623

16,811

2,392
4,686

7,078

* 

excluding prepayments and VAT and costs incurred to fulfil or obtain a contract

**  excluding contract liabilities as there is no obligation to pay cash. This also excludes statutory liabilities such as other taxation and social security.

Financial risk factors 

The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: foreign currency risk, market risk (including cash flow and fair value 
interest rate risk), credit risk, liquidity risk and capital risk.

Risk management is carried out by the finance team under policies approved by the Board of Directors. The Board provides principles 
for overall risk management, as well as policies covering specific areas, such as interest rate risk, credit risk, foreign exchange risk and 
use of derivative financial instruments and non-derivative financial instruments.

(a)  Foreign currency risk 
The Group operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures. Foreign exchange 
risk arises when future commercial transactions or recognised assets or liabilities are denominated in a currency that is not the entity’s 
functional currency. 

During the year, the Group had operating subsidiaries in Australia, the United States, Belgium, France, Tunisia and Ireland, whose 
revenues and expenses are denominated in Australian dollars, US dollars, Euros or Tunisian dinars.

The carrying amounts of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities at the end of the 
reporting year are as follows (CU being Currency Unit):

Euros
Australian dollars
US dollars
Canadian dollars
Moroccan dirham
Tunisian dinar
Danish krone

At 31 January 2023
£’000

At 31 January 2022
£’000

At 31 January 2023
CU’000

At 31 January 2022
CU’000

Net assets

2,207
225
2,017
4
1
(70)
10

4,395

1,420
294
1,204
8
128
224
–

3,278

2,508
395
2,487
7
7
(264)
88

1,704
561
1,617
15
1,554
869
–

92

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

3.  Financial instruments continued

Financial risk factors continued 

The following table details the Group’s sensitivity to a 10% strengthening of the currency unit (CU) against sterling. The sensitivity adjusts 
their translation at the year end. 10% represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible movement in exchange rates.

Australian dollar  
currency impact

Euro
currency impact

US dollar
currency impact

At 31 January 
2023
£’000

At 31 January 
2022
£’000

At 31 January 
2023
£’000

At 31 January 
2022
£’000

At 31 January 
2023
£’000

At 31 January 
2022
£’000

Gain/(loss)
Net assets/(liabilities)

34
(15)

36
(46)

(67)
759

8
672

178
545

169
484

(b)  Cash flow and interest rate risk 
The Group’s exposure to interest rate risk relates primarily to its bank loans in 1Spatial France totalling approximately £2.0m at 
the year-end (2022: £2.4m). Bank loan interest is charged on a fixed rate basis with interest rates ranging between 0% and 3.6%. 
Given the magnitude of the bank loans and low interest rates that range between 0% and 3.6%, the Board does not consider it 
appropriate to hedge the interest rate risk.

There is no interest on trade and other payables at 31 January 2023 (2022: nil).

Sensitivity analysis
The Group does not consider the cash flow and fair value interest rate risk to be significant. Should substantial debt be put in place in the 
future with variable interest rates, the Board will consider whether it would be appropriate to hedge the cash flow and interest rate risk. 
However, no such instrument has been taken out in the current or prior year. The Board will continue to keep this position under review.

Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents

Financial liabilities
Bank borrowings

Cash and cash equivalents
Sterling
Euros
Australian dollars
US dollars
Tunisian dinar
Moroccan dirham

Bank borrowings
Sterling
Euros
US dollars

At 31 January 2023
£’000

At 31 January 2022
£’000

5,036

5,623

(1,982)

(2,392)

At 31 January 2023
£’000

At 31 January 2022
£’000

At 31 January 2023
CU’000

At 31 January 2022
CU’000

2,556
1,673
343
384
79
1

5,036

–
1,982
–

1,982

2,709
1,573
406
621
268
46

5,623

–
2,392
–

2,392

2,556
1,902
601
474
296
7

–
2,253
–

2,709
1,888
774
834
1,044
557

–
2,870
–

Cash and cash equivalents are placed upon deposit at the best market rates available (subject to the Group’s credit risk policy below) 
should an excess above that required for working capital be held. 

Other financial assets comprise trade receivables and other receivables as detailed in note 12.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

93

(c)  Credit risk 
Credit risk is managed by the trading entities. Credit risk arises from exposure to outstanding customer receivables. Credit checking is 
used; however, if there is no independent rating, management will assess the credit quality of the customer, taking into account its 
financial position, past experience and other factors. Individual risk limits are set based on internal or external ratings in accordance 
with limits set by the Board. Credit risk also arises from cash and cash equivalents with banks and financial institutions. For banks and 
financial institutions, only independently rated parties with minimum rating "A" are accepted.

The table below shows the ageing of customer receivables at the reporting date (shown net of provision for impairment). Refer to note 
12 for further details.

Current
Up to 3 months overdue
3 to 6 months overdue
6 to 12 months overdue
> 12 months overdue

2023
£’000

3,694
1,024
96
9
140

4,963

2022
£’000

3,650
849
237
34
100

4,870

(d)  Liquidity risk 
Liquidity is managed so that sufficient funds are maintained to support the ongoing strategic and trading activities of the Group. 
Management monitors rolling forecasts of the Group’s expected cash flow. The detailed forecasting is carried out at local level in the 
operating companies of the Group. This is combined into a Group cash flow forecast.

The table below analyses the Group’s financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on the remaining period at the statement 
of financial position date to the contractual maturity date. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows. 
Balances due within 12 months equal their carrying balances as the impact of discounting is not significant. 

At 31 January 2023

Bank borrowings
Trade and other payables*
Lease liabilities

At 31 January 2022

Bank borrowings
Trade and other payables*
Lease liabilities

Less than one year
£’000

Between  
one and two years
£’000

Between
two and five years
£’000

660
4,555
608

5,823

665
–
555

1,220

657
–
522

1,179

Less than one year
£’000

Between
one and two years
£’000

Between
two and five years
£’000

531
4,870
748

6,149

624
–
506

1,130

1,237
–
470

1,707

* 

 Excludes contract liabilities as it is not a financial liability as there is no obligation to pay cash. This also excludes statutory liabilities such as other taxation 
and social security.

(e)  Capital risk 
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide 
returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. 

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may issue new shares or sell assets/businesses to reduce debt.

The Group monitors capital on the basis of the gearing ratio. This ratio is calculated as net funds/(debt) divided by total capital. Net funds are 
calculated as cash and cash equivalents less total borrowings (including ‘current and non-current borrowings’ as shown in the consolidated 
statement of financial position and excluding lease liabilities). Total capital is calculated as ‘equity’ as shown in the consolidated statement of 
financial position plus net debt. 

During the year ended 31 January 2023, the Group’s strategy, which is unchanged from the previous year, was to maintain the gearing 
ratio below 50% and this has been maintained.

94

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

4.  Significant accounting estimates and judgements
Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of 
future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Group makes estimates concerning the future. The resulting 
accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk  
of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.

Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets

The Group tests annually whether goodwill has suffered any impairment, in accordance with the accounting policy. Management 
considers that it has only one cash generating unit as the business is managed under one global strategy. The recoverable amounts of 
its cash-generating unit has been determined based on value in use. Management has also had to make significant estimates when 
putting together the budgets and projections and in determining an appropriate discount rate, which are used in the value in use 
calculations. These calculations require the use of estimates as further detailed in note 10.

Capitalisation of development expenditure

Management has to make judgements as to whether development expenditure has met the criteria for capitalisation or whether it 
should be expensed in the year. Development expenditure is capitalised only after its reliable measurement, technical feasibility and 
commercial viability can be demonstrated. In addition, estimates are made in relation to the impairment of capitalised expenditure 
based on the projected revenues and margins to be earned from the related products.

In order to assess the commercial viability of the development of future solutions, management assesses the potential market for the 
service and estimate the net present value of cash flows from the potential offering against the cost of development. Only if the return 
on investment is above a minimum level set by the Board will the development be internally approved to proceed. Further information 
regarding the accounting policy for research and development is detailed in Note 2.

Other estimates and assumptions include:

• Revenue recognition, namely percentage of completion for open service performance obligations as of year end 

• Alternative performance measures 

• Number of share options that will vest under share options schemes

• Defined benefit pension scheme (see note 18)

These areas of estimates and judgements are not considered significant on the basis that judgement and estimate methods used have 
not materially altered year on year and they have not materially affected the reported numbers. The assumptions used are also not 
considered to be materially uncertain. Estimates and judgements are made with reference to the Group’s accounting policies and 
relevant financial reporting standards. 

5.  Segmental information 
The chief operating decision-maker has been identified as the Board of Directors, which makes the Group’s strategic decisions. The Group is 
now focused on developing and selling repeatable solutions and recurring term licences globally, with associated support services. As such, 
the Board considers that the Group operates with only one segment and one CGU under one global strategy and the results are accordingly 
presented as Group results only.

The following table provides an analysis of the Group’s revenue by type.

Revenue by type

Term licences
Support and maintenance – own
Support and maintenance – third party

Recurring revenue
Services
Perpetual licences – own
Perpetual licences – third party

Total revenue

2023
£’000

5,167
6,727
2,861

14,755
13,601
393
1,253

30,002

2022
£’000

2,940
7,350
1,890

12,180
12,357
800
1,690

27,027

The Group’s operations are located in the United Kingdom, Europe (Ireland, France and Belgium) the United States, Tunisia and 
Australia. The following table provides an analysis of the Group’s revenue by geographical destination.

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95

Revenue by region

UK
Europe
US
Rest of World

Total revenue

2023
£’000

10,454
12,173
4,325
3,050

30,002

2022
£’000

8,903
11,583
3,721
2,820

27,027

The Board assesses the performance of the Group based on adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is a company-specific measure which is 
calculated as operating profit before depreciation (including right of use asset depreciation), amortisation and impairment of intangible 
assets, share-based payment charge and strategic, integration, and other non-recurring items (see note 7). As these are non-GAAP 
measures, they should not be considered as replacements for IFRS measures. The Group’s definition of these non-GAAP measures may 
not be comparable to other similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

The following table provides an analysis of the Group’s revenue by country of domicile, split by whether the revenue is recognised 
at a point in time or over time.

UK/Ireland
At a point in time
Over time

Europe
At a point in time
Over time

United States
At a point in time
Over time

Australia
At a point in time
Over time

2023
£’000

11,921
2,185
9,736

11,011
2,011
9,000

4,303
2,159
2,144

2,767
1,070
1,697

30,002

2022
£’000

9,926
2,257
7,669

10,875
1,796
9,079

3,721
1,286
2,435

2,505
1,040
1,465

27,027

As at 31 January 2023, costs to obtain and fulfil a contract of £109,000 were included in other receivables (2022: £169,000). 
Amortisation of costs to obtain and fulfil a contract for the year ended 31 January 2023 were £75,000 (2022: £54,000). The Group 
has no significant concentration risk with no major customers representing more than 10% of Group revenue (2021: nil).

The Group has significant contract balances (both assets and liabilities), which arise out of the ordinary course of its operations. 
Contract assets include accrued income, which arises where chargeable work is performed, and the revenue is recognised based upon 
satisfaction of performance obligations in advance of invoicing the client. This can arise because, particularly for some larger projects, 
client invoicing may be in stages and linked to project milestones. Once an invoice is raised then the related accrued income will be 
reduced by the invoiced amount. Further information can be found in note 12.

Significant contract liabilities arise when a client has been invoiced annually in advance (for example, for annual support and maintenance 
contracts) and the revenue is recognised on a monthly basis over the year. In that case, the initial invoiced amount is fully deferred and then 
released to the profit and loss over the course of the contract. Further information can be found in note 15.

The following table provides an analysis of the Group’s non-current assets by location.

UK/Ireland
Europe
United States
Rest of World

Total

2023
£’000

7,790
7,869
3,656
4

19,319

2022
£’000

6,800
7,645
2,650
5

17,100

96

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

6.  (a) Operating profit

Operating profit is stated after charging:
Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Other pension costs
Share-based payment charge

Staff costs including Executive Directors 

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment – owned assets
Lease depreciation
Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets
Net foreign exchange (gains)/losses
Short-term lease payments
Research costs

Auditors’ remuneration:
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors and its associates for the audit of the parent 
company and consolidated financial statements
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors and its associates for other services:
•  The audit of the Company’s subsidiaries 
•  Other Services – tax advisory and compliance

2023
£’000

15,085
2,450
1,120
192

18,847

253
1,056
2,048
(307)
99
818

178

15
15

2022
£’000

12,838
2,209
1,128
326

16,501

198
989
2,254
197
43
1,049

176

15
12

6.  (b) Average monthly number of personnel employed (including Executive Directors)

Software developers
Consulting
Sales and marketing
Administration
Support
Directors

2023
Number

2022
Number

141
91
48
32
16
2

330

118
91
41
29
15
2

296

6.  (c) Directors’ emoluments 
Details of directors’ emoluments are included in the Directors’ Remuneration Report included on pages 64 to 67.

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Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

97

7.  Strategic, integration and other non-recurring items
In accordance with the Group’s policy for strategic, integration and other non-recurring items, the following charges were included in 
this category for the year:

Amounts paid relating to change of CFO 

Total 

2023
£’000

194

194

2022
£’000

–

–

The cash impact in FY 2023 relating to the strategic, integration and other non-recurring items was £48,000 (2022: £294,000).

Amendments to Geomap-Imagis Share Purchase Agreement (SPA)

The final step in the integration of Geomap-Imagis (‘G-I’), which was acquired in May 2019, was completed in March 2021. As part of the 
restructuring, two of the G-I founders and former directors left the business and the parties amended the original SPA as explained below. 

Under the original terms, the Group agreed to pay the vendors consideration, which included €1,166,999 to be satisfied by the issue by 
1Spatial of ordinary shares (the ‘Consideration Shares’).

Of the consideration to be satisfied by the issue of the Consideration Shares, €726,459 was satisfied immediately upon Completion, 
with the balance of €440,540 originally to be satisfied on 30 March 2023 (the ‘Deferred Share Consideration Amount’). Accordingly, on 
Completion the Company issued to the vendors 1,902,686 new ordinary shares (the ‘Initial Consideration Shares’), subject to a lock up 
obligation until 31 December 2021.

In connection with completion of the integration of G-I, the Group entered into an Amendment Agreement with two GI founders and 
former directors in March 2021 to amend the terms of the original agreement primarily as follows:

• release 1,765,173 of the Initial Consideration Shares (the ‘Released Shares’) from the above-mentioned lock up obligation; and

• pay out in cash to certain of the vendors, at the earlier date of 10 September 2022, €408,701 of the Deferred Share Consideration Amount.

The balance of consideration €31,839 was issued in shares on 31 March 2023.

8.  Finance income and costs

Finance income
Bank interest receivable

Finance costs
Interest expense
– Bank borrowings
– Bank charges
– Interest cost on defined benefit pension obligation
Lease interest

Net finance cost

2023
£’000

19

19

(73)
(53)
(15)
(88)

(229)

(210)

2022
£’000

14

14

(76)
(42)
(6)
(85)

(209)

(195)

98

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

9.  Income tax credit

Current tax
UK corporation tax on income for year
Foreign tax
Adjustments in respect of prior years

Total current tax credit

Deferred tax (note 19)
Origination and reversal in temporary differences
Effect of tax rate change on opening balance
Adjustments in respect of prior years

Total deferred tax

Total tax credit

Factors affecting the tax credit for the year:

2023
£’000

2022  
(restated)
£’000

(57)
79
(15)

7

(58)
38
(1)

(21)

(14)

(172)
40
(19)

(151)

(83)
71
–

(12)

(163)

2022 
(restated)
£’000

220

42

55
(238)
71
(348)
212
(19)
37
25

(163)

The differences between the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK and the actual tax credit are explained below:

Profit on ordinary activities before tax 

Profit/(loss) on ordinary activities before tax multiplied by the effective rate of 
corporation tax in the UK of 19% (2022: 19%)
Effect of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
Adjustment in respect of R&D tax credits
Effect of movement in deferred tax rate
Utilisation of losses not previously recognised for tax purposes
Deferred tax not recognised on losses carried forward
Adjustments in respect of prior years
Differences in tax rates applicable to overseas subsidiaries
Other differences

Total tax credit for the year

2023
£’000

1,044

198

96
(312)
38
(66)
110
(15)
(47)
(16)

(14)

The relevant deferred tax balances have been measured at 25% for the current year-end, being the tax rate enacted by the reporting 
date (2022: 25%).

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Financial Statements

99

10.  Intangible assets including goodwill

Cost 
At 1 February 2022
Additions 
Effect of foreign exchange

At 31 January 2023

Accumulated impairment 
and amortisation 
At 1 February 2022
Amortisation

Effect of foreign exchange

At 31 January 2023

Net book amount at 31 January 2023

Net book amount at 31 January 2022

Goodwill
£’000

Brands
£’000

Customers 
and related 
contracts
£’000

Software
£’000

Development
costs
£’000

Intellectual 
property
£’000

17,194
–
478

17,672

11,330
–

187

11,517

6,155

5,864

450
–
12

462

291
22

5

318

144

159

4,547
–
191

4,738

6,574
39
186

6,799

21,228
3,815
554

25,597

3,640
149

4,958
227

14,826
1,644

144

109

377

3,933

5,294

16,847

805

907

1,505

1,616

8,750

6,402

72
–
–

72

17
6

–

23

49

55

Total
£’000

50,065
3,854
1,421

55,340

35,062
2,048

822

37,932

17,408

15,003

The net book amount of development costs includes £8,750,000 (2022: £6,402,000) internally generated capitalised software 
development costs that meet the definition of an intangible asset. The amortisation charge of £2,048,000 (2022: £2,254,000) 
is included in the administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income.

The key assumptions used in the value in use calculation were the pre-tax discount rate applied 14% (FY 2022: 13%)), revenue growth 
rates of 9.5% per annum and cost growth rates of 7% per annum for the five-year period from 1 February 2023 to the year ending 
31 January 2028. The Board approved budget for the year ending 31 January 2024 was used as the basis for the Group’s value in use 
calculation. Results for the next four years were calculated using the above assumptions to derive the Group’s value in use. No 
impairment is required as no individual asset has a higher carrying value than its value in use.

Cost 
At 1 February 2021
Additions 
Written–off
Effect of foreign exchange

At 31 January 2022

Accumulated impairment 
and amortisation 
At 1 February 2021
Amortisation

Written–off
Effect of foreign exchange

At 31 January 2022

Net book amount at 31 January 2022

Goodwill
£’000

Brands
£’000

Customers 
and related 
contracts
£’000

Software
£’000

Development
costs
£’000

Intellectual 
property
£’000

17,447
–
–
(253)

17,194

11,548
–

–
(218)

11,330

5,864

464
–
–
(14)

450

252
42

–
(3)

291

159

4,764
–
–
(217)

6,757
26
–
(209)

19,285
2,423
–
(480)

4,547

6,574

21,228

3,641
153

–
(154)

4,696
360

13,454
1,693

–
(98)

–
(321)

3,640

4,958

14,826

907

1,616

6,402

72
–
–
–

72

11
6

–
–

17

55

Total
£’000

48,789
2,449
(30)
(1,173)

50,065

33,602
2,254

–
(794)

35,062

15,003

100

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

10.  Intangible assets including goodwill continued

Impairment tests for goodwill 

Goodwill is assessed for the Group as a whole as the Group operates with one segment and one CGU as the Group manages its operations 
under one global strategy. All aspects of the business are focusing now on growing recurring revenue of repeatable solutions using 
technology that will be deployed globally under a single strategy. Products developed by regional development teams are marketed globally.

Goodwill

Opening carrying value
Effect of foreign exchange

Closing carrying value

2023
Total
£’000

5,864
291

6,155

2022 
Total
£’000

5,899
(35)

5,864

Basis for calculation of recoverable amount
The Group has prepared a five-year plan for its CGU (based on a formally approved 1-year plan extended for four more projected years). 
The detailed plan put together by the management team and the Board makes estimates for revenue and gross profit expectations. 
This is from both contracted and pipeline revenue streams. It also takes account of historical success of winning new work and has been 
prepared in accordance with IAS 36: ‘Impairment of Assets’. 

The key assumptions used in the value in use calculations were the pre-tax discount rates applied (14%) and the growth assumptions. 
Growth in sales and corresponding costs for the five-year period has been forecast at 9.5% and 7% per annum respectively and the 
EBITDA to cash conversion is assumed to be 60% or greater.

The rates used in the above assumptions are consistent with management’s knowledge of the industry and strategic plans going 
forward. The assumptions noted above have been given in terms of revenue and overhead percentage growth. For 2024 and 
subsequent years, the assumption has been provided in terms of growth on the prior year EBITDA. The terminal growth rate of 2% does 
not exceed the long-term growth rate for the business in which the CGUs operate. The discount rate used is pre-tax and reflects 
specific risks relating to the Group. The forecasts are most sensitive to changes in revenue and overhead assumptions (taken together 
as the EBITDA). However, there are no major changes to the key assumptions which would cause the goodwill to be impaired.

There would have to be a reduction in forecast EBITDA by 14% for each year of the five-year period ending 31 January 2028 for the 
headroom to be removed.

11.  Property, plant and equipment

Leasehold property 
improvements
£’000

Fixtures, fittings and 
equipment
£’000

Cost 
At 1 February 2022
Additions
Disposal
Exchange adjustment

At 31 January 2023

Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 February 2022
Charge for the year
Disposal
Exchange adjustment

At 31 January 2023

Net book amount at 31 January 2023

323
5
–
18

346

230
65
–
15

310

36

Total
£’000

1,466
163
(8)
41

1,662

1,116
253
(8)
(1)

1,360

1,143
158
(8)
23

1,316

886
188
(8)
(16)

1,050

266

302

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Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

101

Leasehold property 
improvements
£’000

Fixtures, fittings and 
equipment
£’000

Cost 
At 1 February 2021
Additions
Disposal
Exchange adjustment

At 31 January 2022

Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 February 2021
Charge for the year
Disposal
Exchange adjustment

At 31 January 2022

Net book amount at 31 January 2022

398
9
(59)
(25)

323

273
46
(59)
(30)

230

93

Depreciation expense of £253,000 (2022: £198,000) has been charged in administrative expenses.

12.  Trade and other receivables

Current

Trade receivables
Less: provision for impairment of trade receivables

Other receivables
Prepayments and accrued income

Below is a reconciliation of the movement in accrued income:

At 1 February 2022
Accrued revenue invoiced in the year
Revenue accrued in the year
Foreign exchange difference 

At 31 January 2023

1,104
155
(130)
14

1,143

837
152
(130)
27

886

257

2023
£’000

4,992
(29)

4,963
2,044
7,144

14,151

2023
£’000

5,075
(5,075)
5,947
57

6,004

Total
£’000

1,502
164
(189)
(11)

1,466

1,110
198
(189)
(3)

1,116

350

2022
£’000

4,895
(25)

4,870
1,413
5,988

12,271

2022
£’000

2,950
(2,950)
5,188
(113)

5,075

The fair value of the Group’s trade receivables and other receivables is the same as its book value stated above. No interest is charged 
on overdue receivables.

At 31 January 2023, trade receivables of £3,698,000 (2022: £3,650,000) were fully performing. Before accepting any new customer, 
the Group assesses the potential customer’s credit quality and defines credit limits by customer.

102

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

12.  Trade and other receivables continued
The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses using a lifetime expected credit loss provision 
for trade receivables and contract assets. To measure expected credit losses on a collective basis, trade receivables and contract assets 
are grouped based on similar credit risk and aging. The contract assets have similar risk characteristics to the trade receivables for 
similar types of contracts. The expected credit losses are based on the Group’s historical credit losses which are then adjusted for 
current and forward-looking information on macroeconomic factors affecting the Group’s customers. The Group has identified gross 
domestic growth rates, unemployment rates, interest rates and inflation rates as the key macroeconomic factors in the countries in 
which the Group operates.

At 31 January 2023, trade receivables of £1,269,000 (2022: £1,220,000) were past due but not impaired. The ageing analysis of these 
customers is set out below. There has been no change in the credit quality of these balances; they relate to customers where there is no 
history of default and are still considered fully recoverable. 

The ageing of these receivables is as follows:

Current
Up to 3 months overdue
3 to 6 months overdue
6 to 12 months overdue
> 12 months overdue

Current
Up to 3 months overdue
3 to 6 months overdue
6 to 12 months overdue 
> 12 months

2023
£’000

3,698
1,029
98
10
157

4,992

2022
£’000

3,653
853
242
36
111

4,895

As of 31 January 2023, trade receivables of £29,000 were impaired (2022: £25,000) and provided for.

The trade receivables above include performance retentions on long-term contracts.

Movements on the Group provision for impairment of trade receivables are as follows:

At 1 February 
Increase/(decrease) in provision

At 31 January

Weighted average  
loss rate

Impairment loss 
allowance
£’000

0.1%
0.5%
2.0%
5.0%
10.0%

4
5
2
1
17

29

Weighted average  
loss rate

Impairment loss 
allowance
£’000

0.1%
0.5%
2.0%
5.0%
10.0%

2023
£’000

25
4

29

3
4
5
2
11

25

2022
£’000

80
(55)

25

The other classes within trade and other receivables do not contain impaired assets and the Group expects to recover these in full. 
There are no financial assets whose terms have been renegotiated that would otherwise be past due or impaired.

The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying value of each class of receivable noted above. The Group 
does not hold any collateral as security.

Overview

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Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

103

13.  Cash and cash equivalents and notes to the consolidated statement of cash flows

Cash at bank and in hand

The fair value of the Group’s cash and cash equivalents is the same as its book value stated above. 

Notes to the consolidated statement of cash flows

(a) Cash generated from operations 

Profit before tax 
Adjustments for:
Finance income
Finance cost
Depreciation
Amortisation of acquired intangibles
Amortisation and impairment of development costs
Share-based payment charge
Net foreign exchange movement
Increase in trade and other receivables
Increase in trade and other payables
Increase/(decrease) in defined benefit pension obligation

Cash generated from operations

Note

22

Cash generated from operations before strategic, integration and other non-recurring items
Cash flow on strategic, integration and other non-recurring items (note 7)

Cash generated from operations

(b) Reconciliation of net cash flow to movement in net funds

(Decrease) in cash in the year

Changes resulting from cash flows
Net cash outflow in respect of borrowings repaid
Effect of foreign exchange

Change in net funds
Net funds at beginning of year

Net funds at end of year

Analysis of net funds
Cash and cash equivalents classified as:
Current assets
Bank loans

Net funds at end of year

Net funds is defined as cash and cash equivalents net of bank loans (and excluding lease liabilities).

2023
£’000

5,036

5,036

2023
£’000

1,044

(19)
229
1,309
386
1,662
192
–
(1,426)
1,963
12

5,352

2023
£’000

5,400
(48)

5,352

2023
£’000

(676)

(676)
543
(44)

(177)
3,231

3,054

5,036
(1,982)

3,054

2022
£’000

5,623

5,623

2022
£’000

220

(14)
209
1,187
561
1,693
326
1
(1,784)
206
(108)

2,497

2022
£’000

2,791
(294)

2,497

2022
£’000

(1,585)

(1,585)
423
127

(1,035)
4,266

3,231

5,623
(2,392)

3,231

104

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

13.  Cash and cash equivalents and notes to the consolidated statement of cash flows 
continued

(c) Reconciliation of movement in liabilities from financing activities

Total debt (including lease liabilities) as at 1 February 2022

Borrowings at 1 February 2022
Repayment of borrowings
Foreign exchange difference

Borrowings before transfer
Transfer from due after 1 year to due within 1 year

Borrowings as at 31 January 2023

Lease liability at 1 February 2022
Cash movements:
Lease payments
Non-cash movements:
Additions in the year
Interest cost
Reclassifications

Lease liability before transfer
Transfer from due after one year to due within one year 

Lease liability as at 31 January 2023

Bank borrowings and 
leases due within 1 
year
£’000

Bank borrowings and 
leases due after 1 year
£’000

1,279

531
(543)
12

–
660

660

748

(1,099)

779
88
(516)

–
608

608

2,837

1,861
–
121

1,982
(660)

1,322

976

–

–
–
709

1,685
(608)

1,077

Total
£’000

4,116

2,392
(543)
133

1,982
–

1,982

1,724

(1,099)

779
88
193

1,685
–

1,685

Total debt (including lease liabilities) as at 31 January 2023

1,268

2,399

3,667

14.  Bank borrowings

Current bank borrowings
Non-current bank borrowings

2023
£’000

660
1,322

1,982

2022
£’000

531
1,861

2,392

Bank borrowings
Bank borrowings relate to bank loans in 1Spatial France totalling €2.25m (2022: €2.87m). Bank loan interest is charged on a fixed rate 
basis with interest rates ranging between 0% and 3.6%, included the related guarantee costs.

The loans are due for repayment over the period to FY 2028, with a broadly even repayment pattern with approximately €0.7m (£0.6m) 
due for repayment in FY 2024. New borrowings in the year amounted to nil (2022: nil). There are no financial covenants attached to the 
loans, nor is there any security applied. All long-term loans are denominated in €. 

Revolving credit facility
There are covenants associated with the Revolving Credit Facility (‘RCF’) in relation to the maximum gearing of the Group. The RCF is 
denominated in GBP, the facility limit is £3m with an expiry date of 22 June 2025. The interest rate for any drawn amounts is 2.95% per 
annum over the Bank of England Sterling Overnight Index Average (‘SONIA’). There is a commitment fee of 1.15% per annum of any 
undrawn part of the Facility. This facility was undrawn as at 31 January 2023.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

105

15.  Trade and other payables

Current

Trade payables
Other taxation and social security
Other payables
Accrued liabilities
Deferred income

2023
£’000

2,861
3,653
506
1,229
7,548

15,797

The Directors consider that the book value of trade payables, taxation, other payables, accrued liabilities and deferred income 
approximates to their fair value at the reporting date.

Below is a reconciliation of the movement in deferred income:

At 1 February
Revenue recognised in the year
Revenue deferred at year end
Foreign exchange difference

At 31 January

16.  Leases 

Right of use assets

At 1 February 2022
Additions 
Depreciation
Foreign exchange difference

At 31 January 2023

Buildings
Cars
Others

Lease liabilities

At 1 February 2022
Additions
Interest cost
Cash paid
Other adjustments
Foreign exchange difference

At 31 January 2023

Current
Non-current

2023
£’000

5,612
(5,612)
7,460
88

7,548

2023
£’000

1,490
82
37

1,609

2023
£’000

608
1,077

1,685

2022
£’000

2,227
2,924
534
1,987
5,612

13,284

2022
£’000

5,870
(5,870)
5,636
(24)

5,612

Total
£’000

1,747
893
(1,056)
26

1,609

2022
£’000

1,522
185
40

1,747

Total
£’000

1,724
779
88
(1,099)
163
30

1,685

2022
£’000

748
976

1,724

106

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

16.  Leases continued
Amounts recognised in profit or loss:

Depreciation charge of right of use assets

Buildings
Cars
Others

2023
£’000

955
88
13

1,056

2022
£’000

866
96
27

989

17.  Business combinations
On 7 May 2019, the Company entered into share purchase agreements to acquire the entire issued share capital of Geomap-Imagis 
Participations (‘Geomap-Imagis’) for a total consideration of €7.0m (the ‘Consideration’). Full details of the acquisition were provided in the 
Annual Report for the year ended 31 January 2020. As disclosed in note 7, there were some minor changes to the terms of the Share 
Purchase agreement. The remaining balance payable at 31 January 2022 of €440,540 (equivalent to £380,000) was satisfied mainly in 
cash (£352,000) in September 2022, with the balance settled by an issue of 57,685 ordinary shares of £0.10 on 31 March 2023. These 
shares had a market value of €31,839 (£28,000) at the date of issue. There are no further elements of deferred consideration due to 
the former shareholders of Geomap-Imagis Participations (‘Geomap-Imagis’).

18.  Pension obligations

Defined benefit pension

1Spatial France SAS operates defined benefit pension schemes. The French pension system is operated on a “pay as you go” basis. Each 
employee is entitled to receive a basic pension from the Social Security plus a complementary pension from the defined contribution 
schemes ARRCO and AGIRC (AGIRC being solely for management). The lump sum retirement allowance must by law be paid by the 
employer when an employee retires. The allowances to be paid to 1Spatial France’s employees are defined by the Collective Bargaining 
Agreement of the R&D, IT and consulting firms (‘Syntec’).

The lump sum allowances to be paid on retirement are calculated as follows:

• For service up to 5 years: nil

• For service beyond 5 years: 1 month’s basic salary plus 1/5 of a month’s basic salary per year of service beyond 5 years 

All permanent employees are covered by this scheme. The normal retirement age in France is 62 (62 in 2022). Benefit rights do not 
vest before the normal retirement age.

The scheme is not externally funded through an insurance contract.

The risks of the scheme are as follows:

(a)  Changes in bond yields
A decrease in corporate bond yields will increase plan liabilities.

(b)  Life expectancy
Should the normal retirement age of 62 increase due to life expectancy increases, this will result in an increase in the plan’s liabilities.

(c)  Inflation risk
The pension obligations are linked to inflation, and higher inflation will lead to higher liabilities.

A comprehensive actuarial valuation of the Company pension scheme, using the projected unit basis, was carried out at 31 January 2023 
and 31 January 2022 by independent consulting actuaries. The valuations at those dates are based on the following assumptions:

Expected rate of salary increases
Discount rate
Rate of inflation
Retirement age – management
Retirement age – others

2023

2.50%
3.75%
2.20%
65
63

2022

2.00%
1.15%
1.90%
65
63

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

107

Annual staff turnover rates are as follows:

16–24 years
25–29 years
30–34 years
35–39 years
40–44 years
45–49 years
50 years and above

2023

20%
15%
10%
7%
5%
2%
0%

2022

20%
15%
10%
7%
5%
2%
0%

The turnover rates used are based on statistics over the last few years. These rates project 4.2 (2022: 3.95) resignations over the next 
12 months.

Reconciliation of scheme liabilities:

At 1 February
Current service (cost)/credit
Interest expense
Benefit payments
Re-measurement gains
Exchange difference

At 31 January

2023
£’000

(1,276)
(74)
(15)
62
162
(12)

(1,153)

2022
£’000

(1,606)
42
(6)
66
113
115

(1,276)

The sensitivity of the defined benefit obligation to changes in the principal assumption is:

2023

Discount rate

2022

Discount rate

Total cost recognised as an expense:

Current service cost/(credit) – within administrative expenses
Interest cost – within finance costs

The amount recognised in other comprehensive income is:

Re-measurement gains
Deferred tax on re-measurements

Impact on defined benefit obligation

Change in  
assumption

Increase in  
assumption

Decrease in  
assumption

0.25%

Decrease of 2.5%

Increase of 2.5%

Impact on defined benefit obligation

Change in  
assumption

Increase in  
assumption

Decrease in  
assumption

0.25%

Decrease of 2.9%

Increase of 2.9%

2023
£’000

74
15

89

2023
£’000

216
(54)

162

2022
£’000

(42)
6

(36)

2022
£’000

138
(25)

113

108

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

18.  Pension obligations continued

Defined benefit pension continued

Based on the demographic data and assumptions at 31 January 2023, a valuation was performed of the benefit expense for the 
financial year ending 31 January 2024 and the projections were as follows:

Current service cost

Total service cost

Interest cost

Total net interest on defined benefit (liability)/asset

Total defined benefit cost for the year ending 31 January 2024

The expected benefit payments over the next 10 years are shown below:

FY24
FY25
FY26
FY27
FY28
FY29–FY33

£’000

(65)

(65)

(41)

(41)

(106)

£’000

55
21
39
47
110
711

Defined contribution pension

The Group operates several defined contribution plans, which receive fixed contributions from group companies. The Group’s legal or 
constructive obligation for these plans is limited to the contributions. The expense recognised in the current year in relation to all 
pension costs was £1,120,000 (2022: £1,128,000).

19.  Deferred tax 
The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and (assets) recognised by the Group and movements thereon during the current 
year and prior reporting years.

Tax losses
£’000

Accelerated tax 
depreciation
£’000

Intangibles
£’000

Other temporary 
differences
£’000

Total
£’000

At 31 January 2021 as previously reported
Prior year adjustment

At 31 January 2021 as restated
Deferred tax (credit)/charge for year in profit or loss – restated
DT credit OCI
Foreign exchange difference

At 31 January 2022
Deferred tax (credit)/charge for year in profit or loss
DT charge OCI
Foreign exchange difference

At 31 January 2023

(562)
(199)

(761)
(189)
–
–

(950)
(77)
–
–

(1,027)

–
–

–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–

–

1,355
–

1,355
188
–
–

1,543
76
–
–

1,619

(17)
–

(17)
(11)
(25)
25

(28)
(20)
54
(54)

776
(199)

577
(12)
(25)
25

565
(21)
54
(54)

(48)

544

Deferred income tax assets are recognised against tax loss carry-forwards to the extent that the realisation of the related tax benefit 
through future taxable benefits is probable. The Group did not recognise potential deferred tax assets of £3,243,000 (2022: 
£4,027,000) in respect of losses amounting to £13,133,300 (2022: £16,044,500) that can be carried forward against future taxable 
income, on the grounds that at the balance sheet date their utilisation is not considered probable. Losses have no expiry date.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

109

The deferred tax balance is analysed as follows:

Recoverable within 12 months
Recoverable after 12 months
Settled within 12 months
Settled after 12 months

Deferred  
tax asset
£’000

–
–
(48)
(1,027)

(1,075)

Deferred  
tax liability
£’000

235
1,384
–
–

1,619

Total
£’000

235
1,384
(48)
(1,027)

544

20.  Share capital, share premium account and own shares held

Allotted and fully paid

Ordinary shares of 10p each
Deferred shares of 4p each

Rights of shares

2023
Number

2022
Number

110,859,545
226,699,878

110,805,795
226,699,878

Ordinary shares
The ordinary shares all rank pari passu, have the right to participate in dividends and other distributions made by the Company, and to 
receive notice of, attend and vote at every general meeting of the Company. On liquidation, ordinary shareholders are entitled to 
participate in the assets available for distribution pro rata to the amount credited as paid up on such shares (excluding any premium).

Deferred shares 
The deferred shares do not carry voting rights or a right to receive a dividend. The holders of deferred shares will not have the right to 
receive notice of any general meeting of the Company, nor have any right to attend, speak or vote at any such meeting. The deferred 
shares will also be incapable of transfer (other than to the Company). In addition, holders of deferred shares will only be entitled to a 
payment on a return of capital or on a winding up of the Company after each of the holders of ordinary shares has received a payment 
of £1,000,000 in respect of each ordinary share. Accordingly, the deferred shares will have no economic value. No application will be 
made for the deferred shares to be admitted to trading on AIM nor to trading on any other stock or investment exchange. 

Voting Rights
1Spatial Plc has 110,859,545 (2022: 110,805,795) ordinary shares of 10p in issue, of which a total of 147,084 (2022: 319,635) ordinary 
shares are held in treasury. Therefore, the total number of ordinary shares with voting rights is 110,712,461* (2022: 110,486,160).

* 

 In addition, deferred consideration shares with an approximate value of €0.03 million which were issued on 31st March 2023, in relation to the Geomap-
Imagis acquisition. See note 7.

At 31 January 2022
Issue of new shares
Transfer of treasury shares

Number of shares

337,505,673
53,750

At 31 January 2023

337,559,423

Allotted, called up and 
fully paid shares
£’000

Share premium
account
£’000

Own shares held
£’000

20,150
5
–

20,155

30,479
9
–

30,488

(303)
–
164

(139)

On the 24th January 2023, 53,750 new ordinary shares of 10p each were issued for consideration of £14,244 in settlement of share 
options exercised.

For details of the Group’s share option scheme, refer to note 22.

Own shares
The Group has 147,084 (FY 2022: 319,635) ordinary shares of 10p each and 3,500,000 deferred shares with a nominal value of 4p each 
held in treasury. The original consideration paid was £0.3m. During the year 172,551 shares were transferred out of treasury to satisfy 
employee share awards. 

110

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

21.  Other reserves

Equity-settled employee benefits reserve

The equity-settled employee benefits reserve arises from the requirement to reflect the fair value of share options vested during 
the reporting period. For further detail see note 22.

Merger reserve

The merger reserve arises on the difference between the nominal value of shares issued and the premium payable to acquire shares 
in another company. 

Reverse acquisition reserve

The reverse acquisition reserve was created in accordance with IFRS 3, ‘Business combinations’. The reverse acquisition reserve arose 
during the year ended 31 January 2010.

Currency translation reserve

The currency translation reserve arises on the translation of foreign entity balances where the functional currency is different from 
the presentation currency.

Purchase of non-controlling interest reserve

The purchase of non-controlling interest reserve arises on purchase of further shares in a subsidiary of the Group already under the 
control of the parent company, with the effect of increasing the percentage under control and reducing the percentage owned by the 
non-controlling interest. 

22.  Share-based payments
The total charge for the year relating to share-based payment plans was £192,000 (2022: £326,000).

The estimated fair value of the employees’ services received in exchange for the grant of share options is measured at the grant date 
and recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, based upon the Group’s estimate of shares that will 
eventually vest. Fair value is determined by reference to the Black-Scholes option pricing model. If a granted option is cancelled and 
regranted the increase in fair value of the granted option measured immediately before and after the cancellation and regrant is added 
to the value of the employee’s service received in exchange for the grant. If an option is cancelled this is accounted for as an 
acceleration of the vesting period and any amount unrecognised is recognised immediately. 

There were no new LTIP or share option awards made in the year.

Awards vesting/lapsing

2018 LTIP Awards subject to EBITDA target 
During the year, 75% of the element of the 2018 LTIP awards subject to the share price condition vested as the financial target of 50p 
share price was achieved on 23 June 2022 (i.e. in line with the 75% award level but below the 100% allocation level as shown in the 
table below).

% vesting

50%
75%
100%

Target

40p
50p
60p

As a result, 412,322 options therefore vested on 23 June 2022 (subject to a holding period of one year 23 June 2023), whilst 157,076 
lapsed as a result. 

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

111

The reconciliation of options over the year to 31 January 2023 is shown below:

Outstanding brought forward
LTIPs granted during the year
Share options granted during the year
LTIPs exercised during the year
Share options exercised during the year
Lapsed during the year

Outstanding carried forward

Exercisable as at 31 January

2023

2022

Number

9,337,128
–
–
(172,551)
(53,750)
(828,826)

8,282,001

4,758,677

Weighted average 
exercise price

26.9p
–
–

13.3p

28.2p

40.6p

Number

9,941,496
–
–

(604,368)

9,337,128

2,043,948

Weighted average 
exercise price

26.4p
–
–

18.8p

26.9p

46.5p

The weighted average remaining contractual life of share options outstanding at the end of the year was 6.5 years (2022: 7.6 years). 
The exercise prices of the outstanding options range between 0p and 46.5p.

23.  Earnings per ordinary share 
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average 
number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

Profit attributable to equity shareholders of the Parent

Ordinary shares with voting rights
Deferred consideration payable in shares 

Basic weighted average number of ordinary shares

Impact of share options/LTIPS

Diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares

Basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share

24.  Commitments 
The future aggregated minimum payments under non-cancellable short-term leases are as follows:

Short-term lease commitments

No later than one year
Later than one year but no later than five years
Later than five years

2023
£’000

1,058

2023
Number
000s

110,712
55

110,807

2,845

113,652

2023
Pence

1.0

0.9

2023
£’000

8
–
–

8

2022
(restated)
£’000

383

2022
Number
000s

110,486
58

110,544

4,008

114,552

2022
(restated)
Pence

0.3

0.3

2022
£’000

9
–
–

9

Short-term lease payments in this note represent rentals payable by the Group for any of its items that are not recognised under 
IFRS 16. These are made up smaller leases which are less than twelve months. 

112

Notes to the Financial Statements continued 
For the year ended 31 January 2023

25.  Contingent liabilities
 The Group has given performance guarantees on contracts as follows:

Euro
US dollar
Moroccan dirham
Tunisian dinar

Total 

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

2023
£’000

489
1
39
3

532

2022
£’000

465
1
39
2

507

26.  Prior year adjustment 
The Group has a deferred tax liability in relation to temporary differences on intangibles assets in 1Spatial Group Limited. This deferred 
tax liability is partially offset by the recognition of a deferred tax asset in 1Spatial Group Limited.

In preparation of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 January 2023, an error was noted in that a deferred tax 
asset in 1Spatial plc should have been recognised on consolidation to offset this deferred tax liability, as required by IAS12, Income 
taxes. This is because the taxable temporary differences associated with the intangible assets relates to the same tax authority (UK) 
as the 1Spatial plc deferred tax asset, and as such the Group the asset meets the criteria for recognition. In addition, the offset criteria 
of IAS12 are also met and therefore the deferred tax amounts are presented net in the statement of financial position.

The error has been corrected by restating each of the affected financial statement line items as follows:

Consolidated statement of financial position 

A Third Consolidated statement of financial position has not been presented as the impact as of 1 February 2021 was not deemed 
to be material.

Non-current liabilities: Deferred tax
Accumulated losses
Net assets / Total equity 

Non-current liabilities: Deferred tax
Accumulated losses
Net assets / Total equity 

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

Income tax charge / (credit) 
Profit for the year

2021  
£’000

776
43,931
14,735

2022  
£’000

970
43,641
15,105

Adjustment  
£’000

(199)
(199)
199

Adjustment  
£’000

(405)
(405)
405

2022  
£’000

43
177

Adjustment  
£’000

(206)
206

2021  
Restated  
£’000

577
43,732
14,934

2022  
Restated  
£’000

565
43,236
15,510

2022  
Restated  
£’000

(163)
383

Refer to note 19, Deferred tax, for the adjusted disclosure of deferred tax.

Earnings per share and diluted earnings per share adjusted disclosure is included in note 23.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

113

27.  Related-party transactions 

(a)  Key management compensation

The only key management personnel of the Group are the Directors. Details of the compensation of the key management personnel are 
disclosed in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on page 67.

(b)  Controlling party

There is no one party that controls the Group.

(c)  Company and subsidiary

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation and are 
not disclosed.

28.  Subsidiaries and associates of the Group as at 31 January 2023

Description and 
proportion of
share capital held 
by 1Spatial plc

Description and 
proportion of
share capital held 
by Group

Country of
incorporation
or registration

Nature of
business

Registered  
office address

1Spatial Holdings 
Limited

Ordinary 100%

–

England & Wales Holding company Tennyson House, Cambridge Business 

Park, Cowley Road, Cambridge, 
Cambridgeshire, CB4 0WZ, UK

1Spatial Inc..

–

Ordinary 100%

United States

1Spatial Group Limited –

Ordinary 100%

England & Wales

Aon Spásúil Limited

1Spatial Australia Pty 
Limited

–

–

Ordinary 100%

Ireland

Ordinary 100%

Australia

1Spatial Belgium SA

Ordinary 100%

–

Belgium

1Spatial France SAS

SARL Imagis-Tunisie

DMR Production

–

–

–

Ordinary 100%

France

Ordinary 100%

Tunisia

Ordinary 100%

Tunisia

Location-based 
software 
development 
and consultancy

1Spatial US Inc.

Ordinary 100%

–

United States

Dormant

8614 Westwood Center Drive, Suite  
# 450, Vienna, VA 22182, USA

Tennyson House, Cambridge Business 
Park, Cowley Road, Cambridge, 
Cambridgeshire, CB4 0WZ, UK

c/o Roberts Nathan LLP, First Floor,  
11 Exchange Place, International 
Financial Services Centre, Dublin 1, 
Ireland

Level 4, 29 Kiora Road, Miranda, 
NSW, 2228

13, Clos Chanmurly, 4000, Liège, 
Belgium

Bureaux Now Connected, 23–25, Avenue 
du Dr Lannelongue 75014 Paris, France

Immeuble Lloyd, Bureau 2A-B, Centre 
Urbain Nord, 1003 Tunis, Tunisie

Immeuble Lloyd, Bureau 2A-B, Centre 
Urbain Nord, 1003 Tunis, Tunisie

c/o The Corporation Trust Company, 
Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange 
Street, Wilmington, DE 19801, USA

114

Company Statement of Financial Position
As at 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

Assets
Fixed assets 
Investments

Total fixed assets

Current assets
Debtors
Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
Creditors
Deferred consideration

Total creditors due within less than one year

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
Deferred consideration

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year

Total creditors

Net assets

Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
Share premium account
Own shares held
Share-based payments reserve
Merger reserve
Currency translation reserve
Accumulated losses (of which loss for the year was £597,000 (2022: £672,000))

Total equity

Note

3

4
5

6
7

7

9
9
9

2023
£’000

20,004

20,004

9,147
43

9,190

(2,383)
(28)

(2,411)

–

–

(2,411)

26,783

20,155
30,488
(139)
4,761
16,466
(125)
(44,823)

26,783

2022
£’000

19,838

19,838

10,323
531

10,854

(3,151)
(340)

(3,491)

(27)

(27)

(3,518)

27,174

20,150
30,479
(303)
4,569
16,466
(125)
(44,062)

27,174

The financial statements on pages 114 to 122 were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 25 April 2023 and signed on its 
behalf by

Stuart Ritchie
DIRECTOR

Registered company number (England): 5429800

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

115

Company Statement of Changes in Equity
For the year ended 31 January 2023

£’000

Share 
capital

Share 
premium
account

Own 
shares 
held

Share-
based 
payments 
reserve

Merger 
reserve

Currency 
translation 
reserve

Accumulated 
losses

Total 
equity

Balance at 31 January 2021

20,150

30,479

(303)

4,243

16,466

(125)

(43,390)

27,520

Comprehensive loss
Loss for the year

Total comprehensive loss

Transactions with owners
Recognition of share-based payments

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

326

326

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

(672)

(672)

(672)

(672)

–

–

326

326

Balance at 31 January 2022

20,150

30,479

(303)

4,569

16,466

(125)

(44,062)

27,174

Comprehensive loss
Loss for the year

Total comprehensive loss

Transactions with owners
Issue of shares
Transfer of treasury shares  
on exercise of options
Recognition of share-based payments

–

–

5

–
–

5

–

–

9

–
–

9

–

–

–

164
–

164

–

–

–

–
192

192

–

–

–

–
–

–

–

–

–

–

–

(597)

(597)

–

(164)
–

(164)

(597)

597

14

–
192

206

Balance at 31 January 2023

20,155

30,488

(139)

4,761

16,466

(125)

(44,823)

26,783

116

Notes to the Company Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

1.  Summary of significant accounting policies

Basis of preparation 

The Company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 101, ‘Reduced Disclosure 
Framework’ (FRS 101). The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, and in accordance with the 
Companies Act 2006 as applicable to companies using FRS 101. 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with FRS 101 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also 
required management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies. The estimates and 
associated assumptions are based on industry experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the 
circumstances.

The Directors have reviewed the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements. The estimates and 
assumptions relating to the carrying value of investments have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment in the next financial 
year. Refer to note 3 for further information.

The following exemptions from the requirement of IFRS have been applied in the preparation of these financial statements, 
in accordance with FRS 101:

• IAS 7, ‘Statement of Cash Flows’

• The requirements in IAS 24, ‘Related Party Disclosures’ to disclose related party transactions entered into between two or more 
members of a group, and to disclose compensation for key management personnel and amounts incurred by an entity for the 
provision of key management personnel services that are provided by a separate management entity

• IFRS 7, ‘Financial Instruments: Disclosures’

• Paragraphs 45(b) and 46 to 52 of IFRS 2, ‘Share-based Payment’ (details of the number and weighted-average exercise prices 

of share options, and how the fair value of goods or services received was determined)

• The requirements in IAS 8 to disclose information in relation to a new standard that has been issued but is not yet effective

The Company has taken advantage of Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not included a statement of comprehensive 
income in these separate financial statements. The loss attributable to members of the company for the year ended 31 January 2023 
is £597,000 (2022: £672,000). 

The auditors’ remuneration for audit and other services is disclosed in note 6(a) to the consolidated financial statements.

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been 
applied consistently throughout all years presented except where otherwise indicated.

There is no one party which controls the Company.

Going concern

Taking into account the cash flow projections approved by the Board of Directors, the Directors have formed a judgement that, at the 
time of approving these financial statements, there is a reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate resources to continue 
in operational existence for the foreseeable future and therefore adopt the going concern basis for the financial statements. 

Share-based payments

The Company operates a number of equity-settled, share-based payment compensation plans, under which the entity receives services 
from employees as consideration for equity instruments (options) of the Company. The fair value of the employee service received 
in exchange for the grant of the options is recognised as an expense. The total amount to be expensed over the vesting period is 
determined by reference to the fair value of the options granted, including any market-based performance conditions (for example, 
the Company’s share price) but excluding the impact of any service and non-market performance vesting conditions (for example, 
profitability targets). Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the number of options that are expected 
to vest. 

At each reporting date, the entity revises its estimates of the number of options that are expected to vest based on the non-market 
vesting conditions. It recognises the impact of the revision to original estimates, if any, in the statement of comprehensive income, with 
a corresponding adjustment to equity. Where options are exercised, the Company issues new shares. The proceeds received net of any 
directly attributable transaction costs are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share premium when the options are exercised. 

The grant by the Company of options over its equity instruments to the employees of subsidiary undertakings in the Group is treated 
as a capital contribution. The fair value of employee services received, measured by reference to the grant date fair value, is recognised 
over the vesting period as an increase to investment in subsidiary undertakings, with a corresponding credit to equity.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

117

Investments

Investments in group undertakings are carried at cost less any provision for impairment. The Company assesses investments for 
impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an investment may not be recoverable. 
If any such indication of impairment exists, the Company makes an estimate of the recoverable amount. If the recoverable amount 
of the cash-generating unit is less than the value of the investment, the investment is considered to be impaired and is written down 
to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in the profit and loss account. Management has used 
significant estimates and judgements when putting together the budgets and projections which are used in the value in use 
calculations. These judgements are mainly in relation to projected revenues and margins. Refer to note 3 for further information.

Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for services performed in the ordinary course of business. If collection is expected 
in one year or less they are classified as current assets. If not, they are presented as non-current assets. 

Trade receivables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently held at amortised cost, less provision for impairment. 
Appropriate allowances for estimated irrecoverable amounts are recognised in profit or loss. The Company has utilised the simplified 
approach to measuring credit losses, using a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade receivables and contract assets. When a 
trade receivable is considered uncollectable, it is written off against the allowance account. Subsequent recoveries of amounts 
previously written off are credited against the allowance account. Changes in the carrying amount of the allowance account are 
recognised in profit or loss.

This loss allowance for intercompany receivables are based on management assumptions about the risk of default and expected loss 
rates. Management has made estimations in making these assumptions and inputs to the impairment calculations which are based 
on history, external conditions and forward looking scenarios. 

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of financial position comprise readily accessible cash at bank and in hand. Bank accounts 
held which have an original maturity of more than three months, or which are subject to significant restrictions over access, are not 
presented as cash and cash equivalents. Such amounts are shown separately as short-term investments or other financial assets with 
appropriate disclosure of the related terms.

Trade payables

Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. 
Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within 12 months or less. If not, they are presented as non-
current liabilities.

Trade payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Current tax

Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities, based 
on tax rates and laws that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Taxable profit differs from profit as reported in 
the statement of comprehensive income because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items 
that are never taxable or deductible.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements 
and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all 
taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that 
it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred 
tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other 
assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled 
or the asset realised, based on tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. 
The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the 
Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle that carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

118

Notes to the Company Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

1.  Summary of significant accounting policies continued

Foreign currency

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the 
transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at 
year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the statement 
of comprehensive income in the period in which they arise. 

Employee pensions

The Company operates a stakeholder pension plan for which all employees are eligible. No employees have as yet joined the scheme.

Dividend income

Dividend income from investments is recognised when the shareholder’s right to receive payment has been established (provided that 
it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the amount of income can be measured reliably).

Share capital 

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares, share options or share 
warrants are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.

Significant accounting estimates and judgements

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations 
of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The Company makes estimates concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related 
actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of 
assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below. 

Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company holds investments in group undertakings with a carrying value of £20,004,000. The key assumptions concerning the 
carrying value of the investment in subsidiaries have been set out in note 3.

1.1  Financial risk management 
The Company’s financial instruments comprise amounts due to/from subsidiary undertakings, cash and cash equivalents, other 
receivables and trade and other payables. The Company’s approach to the financial risks is discussed in note 3, Financial Instruments, 
to the consolidated financial statements.

Liquidity risk

The Company’s objective is to maintain a balance between continuity of funding and flexibility. The Company’s policy is to manage 
working capital in order to ensure that liquidity is maintained so as to meet peak funding requirements. 

Foreign currency risk 

As at 31 January 2023 and 31 January 2022, there was no significant foreign exchange currency exposure to the Company.

Borrowing facilities

The Company has a £3m Revolving Credit Facility (FY 2022: £nil) at the reporting date to support working capital requirements. 
The RCF is denominated in GBP with an expiry date of 22 June 2025. The interest rate for any drawn amounts is 2.95% per annum 
over the Bank of England Sterling Overnight Index Average (‘SONIA’). There is a commitment fee of 1.15% per annum of any undrawn 
part of the Facility. This facility was undrawn at 31 January 2023. 

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

119

2.  Directors’ emoluments
Details of Directors’ emoluments borne by the Company are disclosed in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on page 67.  
This includes details of the highest paid Director.

3.  Investments

Shares in group undertakings
Cost
At 1 February 2022
Capital contribution to subsidiaries

At 31 January 2023

Accumulated amounts provided
At 1 February 2022

At 31 January 2023

Net book amount

At 31 January 2023

At 31 January 2022

Shares in group undertakings
Cost
At 1 February 2021
Capital contribution to subsidiaries

At 31 January 2022

Accumulated amounts provided
At 1 February 2021

At 31 January 2022

Net book amount

At 31 January 2022

At 31 January 2021

Total
£’000

42,114
164

42,278

22,276

22,276

20,004

19,838

Total
£’000

41,886
228

42,114

22,276

22,276

19,838

19,610

The Company assesses investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value 
of an investment may not be recoverable. 

The recoverable amount of the investments held is determined from value in use calculations for the cash-generating unit (CGU) 
covering a five-year period. The detailed plan put together by the management team and the Board makes assessments on revenue 
and gross profit expectations. This is from both contracted and pipeline revenue streams. It also takes account of historical success 
of winning new work. Details of the assumptions used are provided in note 10 to the consolidated financial statements.

120

Notes to the Company Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

4.  Debtors

Amounts owed by group undertakings
Taxation and social security
Other receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income

2023
£’000

8,863
35
7
242

9,147

2022
£’000

10,127
19
33
144

10,323

All amounts that fall due within one year are presented within current assets as required by the Companies Act. The amounts owed 
by group undertakings are repayable on demand with no fixed repayment date although it is noted that a significant proportion of 
the amounts may not be sought for repayment within one year depending on activity in the group companies. These amounts are 
unsecured and interest free. 

5.  Cash and cash equivalents

Cash at bank and in hand

6.  Creditors due in less than one year

Amounts owed to group undertakings
Trade payables
Taxation and social security
Other payables
Accrued liabilities

2023
£’000

43

2023
£’000

1,760
194
38
4
387

2,383

2022
£’000

531

2023
£’000

2,218
102
26
2
803

3,151

The carrying value of trade and other payables is consistent with their book values. It is the Company’s policy to settle trade payables 
within normal credit terms. Amounts owed to group undertakings are unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand.

7.  Deferred consideration
Disclosures in relation to the deferred consideration on the acquisition of the Geomap-Imagis group are made in note 17 to the 
consolidated financial statements.

8.  Share-based payments
Disclosures in relation to the share options in issue are made in note 22 to the consolidated financial statements.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

121

9.  Share capital, share premium account and own shares held

Allotted and fully paid

Ordinary shares of 10p each
Deferred shares of 4p each

Rights of shares

2023
Number

2022
Number

110,859,545
226,699,878

110,805,795
226,699,878

Ordinary shares
The ordinary shares all rank pari passu, have the right to participate in dividends and other distributions made by the Company, and 
to receive notice of, attend and vote at every general meeting of the Company. On liquidation, ordinary shareholders are entitled to 
participate in the assets available for distribution pro rata to the amount credited as paid up on such shares (excluding any premium).

On the 24th January 2023, 53,750 new ordinary shares of 10p each were issued for consideration of £14,244.

Deferred shares 
The deferred shares do not carry voting rights or a right to receive a dividend. The holders of deferred shares will not have the right to 
receive notice of any general meeting of the Company, nor have any right to attend, speak or vote at any such meeting. The deferred 
shares will also be incapable of transfer (other than to the Company). In addition, holders of deferred shares will only be entitled to a 
payment on a return of capital or on a winding up of the Company after each of the holders of ordinary shares has received a payment 
of £1,000,000 in respect of each ordinary share. Accordingly, the deferred shares will have no economic value. No application will be 
made for the deferred shares to be admitted to trading on AIM nor to trading on any other stock or investment exchange.

At 31 January 2022
Transfer of treasury shares
New issue of shares

At 31 January 2023

Number of shares

337,505,673
–
53,750

337,559,423

Allotted, called up  
and fully paid shares
£’000

Share premium
account
£’000

Own shares held
£’000

20,150
–
5

20,155

30,479
–
9

30,488

(303)
(164)
–

(139)

Own shares
The Company has 147,084 (FY 2022: 319,635) ordinary shares of 10p and 3,500,000 deferred shares of 4p held in treasury. The original 
consideration paid was £0.3m. During the year 172,551 shares were transferred out of treasury to satisfy employee share awards. 

122

Notes to the Company Financial Statements continued
For the year ended 31 January 2023

1Spatial plc  Annual Report & Accounts 2023

10.  Subsidiaries and associates of the Company as at 31 January 2023

Description and 
proportion of 
share capital held 
by 1Spatial plc

Description and 
proportion of 
share capital held 
by Group

Country of
incorporation
or registration

Nature of
business

Registered  
office address

1Spatial Holdings 
Limited

Ordinary 100%

–

England & Wales Holding company Tennyson House, Cambridge Business 

Park, Cowley Road, Cambridge, 
Cambridgeshire, CB4 0WZ, UK

1Spatial Inc..

1Spatial Group 
Limited

–

–

Ordinary 100%

United States

Ordinary 100%

England & Wales

Aon Spásúil Limited –

Ordinary 100%

Ireland

1Spatial Australia 
Pty Limited

–

Ordinary 100%

Australia

1Spatial Belgium SA Ordinary 100%

–

Belgium

Location-based 
software 
development 
and consultancy

1Spatial France SAS –

Ordinary 100%

France

SARL Imagis-Tunisie –

Ordinary 100%

Tunisia

DMR Production

–

Ordinary 100%

Tunisia

1Spatial US Inc.

Ordinary 100%

–

United States

Dormant

8614 Westwood Center Drive, Suite  
# 450, Vienna, VA 22182, USA

Tennyson House, Cambridge Business 
Park, Cowley Road, Cambridge, 
Cambridgeshire, CB4 0WZ, UK

c/o Roberts Nathan LLP, First Floor, 11 
Exchange Place, International Financial 
Services Centre, Dublin 1, Ireland

Level 4, 29 Kiora Road, Miranda, 
NSW, 2228

13, Clos Chanmurly, 4000, Liège, 
Belgium

Bureaux Now Connected, 23–25, Avenue 
du Dr Lannelongue 75014 Paris, France

Immeuble Lloyd, Bureau 2A-B, Centre 
Urbain Nord, 1003 Tunis, Tunisie

Immeuble Lloyd, Bureau 2A-B, Centre 
Urbain Nord, 1003 Tunis, Tunisie

c/o The Corporation Trust Company, 
Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange 
Street, Wilmington, DE 19801, USA

11.  Contingent liabilities
As disclosed in note 2 of the consolidated financial statements, Summary of significant accounting policies, the Company has taken 
advantage of the exemption available under Section 479A of the Companies Act 2006 in respect of the requirement for audit of certain 
100% owned subsidiaries. In addition, Aon Spásúil Limited has claimed the audit exemption under Irish Companies Act 2014 section 
357 with respect to the year ended 31 January 2023. 1Spatial plc has given a statement of guarantee whereby it will guarantee all 
outstanding liabilities to which Aon Spásúil Limited is subject to at 31 January 2023. The Company guarantees the liabilities of the 
company at the end of the year until those liabilities have been settled in full. The contingent liability at the year-end was £92,000 
(2022: £48,000).

12.  Subsequent events 
On Friday, March 10, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection & Innovation and 
the FDIC was named Receiver. No advance notice is given to the public when a financial institution is closed. The FDIC has created 
the Deposit Insurance National Bank of Santa Clara (DINB) to facilitate the resolution of Silicon Valley Bank. To protect the depositors, 
the FDIC created the Deposit Insurance National Bank of Santa Clara (DINB) to allow depositors access to their insured deposits and 
time to open accounts at other insured institutions.

The Company held no cash balances with Silicon Valley Bank and to date no exposures have been noted in our customer base.

Overview

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

123

Company Information

Directors
C Milverton 
S Ritchie 
A Roberts 
F Small  
P Massey 

Chief Executive Officer
Chief Financial Officer
Non-Executive Chairman
Non-Executive Director
Non-Executive Director

Telephone
+44(0) 1223 420 414

Company Secretary
Ms Susan Margaret Wallace
Shakespeare Martineau LLP
No. 1 Colmore Square
Birmingham
B4 6AA

Company number
5429800

Registered address
Tennyson House
Cambridge Business Park
Cowley Road
Cambridge 
CB4 0WZ

Independent auditors
BDO LLP
Chartered Accountants and 
Statutory Auditors
55 Baker Street
London
W1U 7EU

Bankers
Natwest Plc
1st Floor, Rapid House 
40 Oxford Road
High Wycombe
Buckinghamshire 
HP11 2EE 

Nominated adviser 
and Broker
Liberum
Ropemaker Street
London
EC2Y 9LY 

Legal adviser
Charles Russell Speechlys LLP
5 Fleet Place 
London
EC4M 7RD 

Registrars
Link Group
10th Floor, Central Square
29 Wellington Street
Leeds
LS1 4DL

Financial PR adviser
Alma PR
71–73 Carter Lane
London 
EC4V 5EQ

CBP018732

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1Spatial plc
Tennyson House
Cambridge Business Park
Cowley Road
Cambridge
CB4 0WZ
www.1spatial.com