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8I Holdings

8ih · ASX
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Ticker 8ih
Exchange ASX
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Industry Education & Training Services
Employees 51-200
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FY2024 Annual Report · 8I Holdings
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For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
ANNUAL REPORT FY2024 
ASX code: 8IH 
Company registration number 201414213R 
ARBN 601 582 129 
8I Holdings Limited 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
About 8I Holdings Limited 
8I Holdings Limited (“8IH” or “the Group”) is an 
Australia-listed investment holding company committed 
to strategic holdings management. With a vision 
centred on empowering growth and transforming lives, 
8I dedicates its efforts to creating a positive impact and 
fostering empowerment. 
 
 
 
 
Our Vision 
Empowering Growth and Transforming Lives 
 
 
 
 
Our Mission 
Empowering Everyone Towards Sustainable Wealth 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS 
 
Chairman’s Message 
 
 
2 
Operations and Financial Review 
4 
Board of Directors and Key  
Management 
 
 
 
7 
Corporate Governance Statement 
10 
Remuneration Report 
 
 
20 
Directors’ Statement 
 
 
23 
Independent Auditors’ Report 
 
25 
Consolidated Statement of  
Comprehensive Income  
 
30 
Consolidated Statement of  
Financial Position 
 
 
31 
Statement of Financial Position  
– Company 
 
 
 
32 
Consolidated Statement of  
Changes in Equity 
 
 
33 
Consolidated Statement of  
Cash Flows 
 
 
 
37 
Notes to the Financial Statements 
39 
Additional Information 
 
 
75 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
For personal use only

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
2 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
 
 
Dear Valued Shareholders, 
I am honored to present to you the annual report for 8I Holdings 
Limited for the financial year ended 31st March 2024. This year 
has been one of profound transformation and strategic 
realignment for our Group. As we navigate through an 
exceptionally dynamic and challenging global investment 
landscape, our commitment to delivering long-term value to our 
shareholders remains unwavering. 
 
FY2024 was characterized by significant global economic and 
geopolitical shifts. The resilience of the U.S. economy contrasted 
sharply with the slower-than-expected recovery in China and the 
ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which continued 
to create volatility in energy markets and global supply chains. 
Additionally, persistent geopolitical tensions between major 
economies added layers of complexity to the investment 
environment. 
Amid 
these 
challenges, 
technological 
advancements in AI, cybersecurity, and biotechnology drove 
innovation and growth in specific sectors, underscoring the 
importance of staying ahead of technological trends. 
 
In response to these multifaceted global conditions, we 
undertook a comprehensive restructuring of our Group. This 
transformative process involved the strategic divestment of our 
operational businesses, including VI College and Goodwhale. 
This pivotal decision marked a significant shift in our strategic 
direction, allowing us to streamline our operations and refocus 
on our core strength: investment management. 
 
Our new investment strategy is a testament to our commitment 
to prudence and value creation. By utilizing proprietary funds and 
adopting a conservative risk management approach, we have 
laid a solid foundation for sustainable growth. Our focus is on 
leveraging diversified, low-expense ETFs for broad market 
exposure and meticulously selecting undervalued companies 
with strong growth potential. This strategy not only minimizes risk 
but also positions us to capitalize on mid to long-term market 
opportunities. 
 
One of the most significant developments this year was the 
completion of a capital reduction and the distribution of CHESS 
Depository Interests (CDIs) in 8VI Holdings Limited to our 
shareholders. This move was part of a broader strategy to 
rationalize our corporate structure and enhance shareholder 
value by providing direct ownership in a focused FinEduTech 
entity. This strategic action reflects our ongoing commitment to 
maximizing shareholder returns and aligning our interests with 
those of our investors. 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 
Ken Chee 
Chairman 
For personal use only

 OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our financial performance for FY2024 underscores the positive 
impact of our strategic pivot. While the divestment of operational 
businesses and the adoption of a new investment strategy 
presented initial challenges, these changes have set the stage 
for a more resilient and focused business model. The shift 
towards proprietary fund management, coupled with a 
disciplined approach to risk management, has already begun to 
yield favorable results. 
 
Looking forward, our strategic priorities are clear. We are 
committed to generating robust returns through a balanced 
investment 
approach 
that 
emphasizes 
diversification, 
conservative risk management, and strategic stock selection. 
Our focus on value investing, coupled with our no-leverage 
policy, ensures that we are well-positioned to navigate market 
volatility and capitalize on emerging opportunities. 
 
The coming year will undoubtedly present its own set of 
challenges and opportunities. However, I am confident that with 
our refined strategic focus, disciplined investment approach, 
and unwavering commitment to our shareholders, we will 
continue to build on our successes and drive sustainable 
growth. 
 
In closing, I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to our 
shareholders for your unwavering trust and support during this 
period of transformation. Your confidence in our vision and 
strategy drives us to strive for excellence. Together, we will 
navigate the complexities of the global market and emerge 
stronger, creating lasting value for all our stakeholders. 
 
 
Warm regards, 
 
 
 
Ken Chee 
Executive Chairman 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 
For personal use only

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
4 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Overview of the Global Investment 
Climate 
 
 
The fiscal year 2024 presented a challenging and 
dynamic global investment landscape influenced by 
a confluence of macroeconomic trends, geopolitical 
events, and rapid technological advancements. 
Persistent inflationary pressures and disparate 
regional economic growth patterns emerged as 
dominant themes. The U.S. economy, for instance, 
demonstrated 
remarkable 
resilience, 
with 
a 
significant GDP rebound in the latter part of the 
year, reflecting robust consumer spending and 
business 
investment. 
Conversely, 
emerging 
markets exhibited varied performance, with some 
regions showing signs of recovery while others 
struggled with structural economic issues and 
political instability. 
 
China's economic recovery from its stringent zero-
COVID policy was slower than anticipated, with 
growth rates not yet reaching pre-pandemic levels. 
This gradual recovery impacted global supply 
chains and commodity markets, given China's 
integral role in global trade. Meanwhile, the ongoing 
conflict between Russia and Ukraine continued to 
disrupt global markets, particularly in terms of 
energy prices and supply chains, highlighting 
Europe's heavy reliance on Russian energy 
supplies. This conflict introduced considerable 
volatility into global markets and contributed to 
heightened inflationary pressures. 
 
Simultaneously, the persistent geopolitical tensions 
between the U.S. and China continued to influence 
global trade and investment flows, creating an 
environment of uncertainty for businesses and 
investors alike. These tensions had far-reaching 
implications for global supply chains, technology 
transfers, and foreign direct investment. 
 
Technological advancements continued to drive 
growth in specific sectors. The technology sector 
thrived, driven by significant progress in artificial 
intelligence, cybersecurity, and semiconductor 
technologies. 
These 
advancements 
spurred 
innovation and productivity gains across various 
industries. The healthcare sector also experienced 
substantial growth, propelled by breakthroughs in 
biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, which were 
further accelerated by the global emphasis on 
healthcare in the wake of the pandemic. However, 
both sectors faced increasing regulatory scrutiny in 
major markets like the U.S. and Europe, where 
governments sought to balance innovation with 
consumer protection and data privacy concerns. 
 
The real estate market exhibited contrasting trends. 
Globally, residential real estate remained robust, 
buoyed by historically low interest rates in the early 
part of the year and a limited housing supply that 
kept demand high. In contrast, commercial real 
estate, particularly office space, struggled to adapt 
to the new normal of remote and hybrid work 
models. This shift in work culture led to decreased 
demand for traditional office spaces and prompted 
a revaluation of commercial real estate strategies. 
 
Operations Review 
 
In response to this uncertain global investment 
climate, 8IH undertook a comprehensive and 
strategic restructuring. This transformative process 
involved the divestment of all its operational 
businesses, including VI College and Goodwhale, 
its FinEduTech arm. This decision marked a 
significant shift in the Group's strategic direction, as 
it moved away from managing educational services 
to focusing exclusively on investment activities. The 
divestment allowed 8IH to streamline its operations 
and concentrate its resources on its core 
competency of investment management. 
 
The Group's new investment strategy is centered 
around the utilization of proprietary funds, moving 
away from the previous model of managing external 
capital through VI Fund Management. This 
approach underscores a commitment to leveraging 
the Group’s own capital to drive growth and 
generate returns. The strategy combines the use of 
widely diversified, low-expense, reputable ETFs for 
broad market exposure with a targeted approach to 
stock picking. The focus is on identifying and 
investing in undervalued companies that have 
strong potential for outperformance in the mid to 
long term.  
 
A critical aspect of this strategy is the emphasis on 
conservative risk management. The Group has 
adopted a no-leverage policy, choosing to avoid the 
use of leverage to minimize investment risk. This 
disciplined approach to risk management is 
designed to ensure the stability and resilience of the 
investment portfolio. 
 
For personal use only

 OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Financial Performance 
 
The financial performance for the fiscal year 2024 
reflects the impact of these strategic changes and 
the 
challenging 
market 
environment. 
From 
continuing operations, 8IH reported investment 
gains of S$0.7 million, a significant improvement 
compared to the previous year’s loss of S$1.8 
million.  
 
Other gains coupled with other income totalling 
S$1.0 million. Despite these positive contributions, 
the Group incurred administrative expenses of 
S$1.6 million. As a result, the profit before income 
tax from continuing operations stood at S$0.1 
million, a substantial turnaround from the loss of 
S$3.6 million in FY 2023.  
 
However, the Group’s discontinued operations 
reported a loss of S$3.0 million, significantly lower 
than the previous year’s loss of S$13.6 million. 
Consequently, the total loss for the year was S$3.0 
million, an improvement from the S$17.3 million loss 
reported in FY 2023. 
 
In terms of the financial position, as of 31 March 
2024, 8IH’s total assets amounted to S$13.5 million, 
down from S$34.2 million the previous year. This 
decrease was primarily due to the distribution of 
interests 
in 
8VI 
Holdings 
Limited 
to 
8IH 
shareholders. The Group’s net assets stood at 
S$13.1 million down from S$17.5 million, reflecting 
the losses incurred during the year and the 
distribution to shareholders. 
 
Capital Reduction and Distribution of  
  CHESS Depository Interests in 8VI  
  Holdings Limited 
 
On November 8, 2023, 8IH completed a significant 
corporate action involving a capital reduction and 
the distribution of CHESS Depository Interests 
(CDIs) in 8VI Holdings Limited (8VI) to its 
shareholders. This initiative was part of a broader 
strategy to rationalize the Company’s structure and 
create value for shareholders.  
 
This strategic move aimed to rationalize 8IH' 
business and focus on its core investment activities. 
The 
distribution 
of 
8VI 
shares 
provided 
shareholders with direct ownership in a focused 
FinEduTech company, aligning with the Group’s 
objective of maximizing shareholder value. 
 
The divestment of all operational businesses 
represents a major transformation for 8IH, allowing 
the Group to reorient its strategic focus towards 
investment activities. The adoption of a new 
investment strategy, which uses proprietary funds 
and emphasizes the use of ETFs, value investing, 
and stringent risk management practices, signifies 
a deliberate and targeted approach to achieving 
sustainable returns. This strategic pivot is expected 
to enhance the Group's ability to navigate the 
complexities of the global market environment and 
capitalize on emerging opportunities. 
 
 
Distribution of Interests in 8VI to Shareholders 
 
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OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
6 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Looking Forward 
 
As 8IH embarks on this new strategic path, the 
success of its investment strategy will be contingent 
on its ability to effectively navigate a volatile and 
unpredictable market environment. The Group is 
committed to generating strong returns through its 
selected investment vehicles, which include a 
combination of diversified ETFs and carefully 
selected stocks with high growth potential. 
 
Looking ahead, 8IH remains dedicated to its 
strategic objectives and is well-positioned to 
capitalize on market opportunities while maintaining 
a disciplined approach to risk management. The 
Group's commitment to focus on value investing 
and conservative risk practices, sets a solid 
foundation for sustainable growth and long-term 
success. By staying attuned to market trends and 
continuously adapting its strategy, 8IH aims to 
deliver robust financial performance and create 
lasting value for its shareholders. 
For personal use only

BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND KEY MANAGEMENT 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Board of Directors 
 
 
Ken Chee 
Executive Chairman  
Ken Chee is the co-founder and Executive Chairman of 8I Holdings Limited 
and is based in Singapore. Appointed to the board in May 2014, Ken advises 
on strategic planning and partnerships development of the Group. 
Ken has more than 20 years of professional experience across business 
development, operations, strategy and marketing from his past roles, 
including Quicken (Singapore) and Telekurs Financial. 
Ken was awarded the Spirt of Enterprise, Honoree Award in 2005 by the 
President of Singapore for outstanding business results. He sits on the board 
of 8VI Holdings Limited and is also a Young Presidents’ Organisation 
member under the Singapore Chapter. 
Ken graduated from the Singapore Polytechnic with a Diploma in Banking 
and Financial Services, and the University of Queensland with a Bachelors’ 
Degree in Business Administration. He also attended Columbia Business 
School in New York for its Executive Program in Value Investing. 
 
 
 
 
Clive Tan 
Executive Director  
Clive Tan is the co-founder and Executive Director of 8I Holdings Limited and 
is based in Singapore. 
Within the Group, Clive is responsible for the strategic planning, investment 
management, corporate policies and risk management of its businesses. 
Clive is also on the board of Australian-listed 8VI Holdings Limited. He began 
his professional career in the public education sector in Singapore. 
Clive holds an Honours Degree in Mechanical and Production Engineering 
from the Nanyang Technological University and a Post-Graduate Diploma in 
Education from the National Institute of Education. He also attended the 
University of Technology, Sydney on an academic exchange programme. 
 
 
 
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BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND KEY MANAGEMENT 
 
 
 
 
 
8 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Board of Directors (continue) 
 
 
 
Chay Yiowmin (FCA, ACA, CVA) 
Non-Executive Director  
Mr. Chay Yiowmin is currently the chief executive officer of Chay Corporate 
Advisory Pte. Ltd., a boutique corporate advisory firm. Yiowmin is also the 
lead independent and non-executive director of Ntegrator Holdings Limited 
and Mary Chia Holdings Limited. Between 2013 and 2024, Yiowmin was the 
lead independent and non-executive director of UMS Holdings Ltd. Between 
2013 and 2015, Yiowmin was the lead independent and non-executive 
director of Advance SCT Limited, between 2018 and 2023, Yiowmin was the 
chairman and lead independent and non-executive director of Metech 
International Limited, between 2021 and 2023, Yiowmin was the lead 
independent and non-executive director of Raffles Infrastructure Holdings 
Limited and between 2019 and 2020, Yiowmin was a non-executive director 
of Libra Group Limited. 
Since graduating in 1998, Yiowmin has accumulated many years of public 
accounting experience in Singapore and the United Kingdom with a number 
of 
reputable 
international 
accounting 
firms, 
including 
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Deloitte and Touche LLP, Moore Stephens 
LLP and BDO LLP, the latter of which he was the advisory partner heading 
the Corporate Finance Practice from 2012 to 2019. Prior to joining BDO LLP, 
Yiowmin was an assurance partner from 2010 to 2012, specialising in 
financial services and shipping. 
Yiowmin holds a Bachelor of Accountancy (Hons) and a Master of Business 
from Nanyang Technological University, and a Master of Business 
Administration from the University of Birmingham. Yiowmin is also a Fellow 
Chartered Accountant (FCA Singapore) of the Institute of Singapore 
Chartered Accountants (ISCA), an Associate Chartered Accountant (ACA) of 
the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW), and 
a Chartered Valuer and Appraiser (CVA) of the Institute of Valuers and 
Appraisers of Singapore (IVAS). Yiowmin currently sits on the Singapore 
steering committee of the Professional Risk Managers’ International 
Association (PRMIA), and the Standards and Technical Committee of IVAS, 
the latter of which Yiowmin is also a programme instructor. Yiowmin is also 
an associate lecturer with the Singapore University of Social Sciences 
(SUSS) teaching financial statements analysis and valuation. 
Yiowmin is also an active Grassroots Leader, serving as chairman of the 
Sengkang Central Citizens Consultative Committee, treasurer of the 
Fernvale Community Development and Welfare Fund, assistant treasurer 
with the Fernvale Citizens Consultative Committee and the Kebun Baru 
Citizens Consultative Committee. Yiowmin is also a member of the Kebun 
Baru Inter-Racial and Religious Confidence Circles. Yiowmin was awarded 
the Pingat Bakti Masyarakat (Public Service Medal) (PBM) by the President 
of the Republic of Singapore on 9 August 2016. 
 
 
 
For personal use only

BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND KEY MANAGEMENT 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Board of Directors (continue) 
 
 
 
Charles Mac 
Non-Executive Director  
Charles was appointed Non-Executive Director in April 2016. Charles has 
more than 18 years of IT corporate experience, of which 15 years in the SAP 
Industry dealing with multinational companies across the Asia Pacific Region. 
He has held various leadership roles for large, global multinational 
companies with extensive experience across Asia Pacific in Team 
Management, Quality Management, Audits, Business Development and 
Contract Deliveries. 
Charles previously served on the Board of ASX-listed companies, 8VI 
Holdings Limited and Ennox Group Limited as Non-Executive Director. 
Charles is an Australian citizen and holds a Bachelor of Computing 
(Information System) from Monash University. 
 
 
Key Management 
 
 
Louis Chua (FCA, FCCA, FCPA) 
Chief Financial Officer  
Louis Chua joined 8I Holdings in April 2015 as the Company’s Chief Financial 
Officer and is based in Singapore. Within the 8I Group, Louis is responsible 
for risk management, corporate secretarial, controllership and treasury 
duties, as well as economic strategy and financial forecasting for the 
Company.  
Louis is based in Singapore and has more than 20 years of assurance, 
financial and commercial experience including infrastructure development, 
treasury and controllership operations, group restructuring and consolidation, 
tax planning and mergers and acquisitions. Before he joined 8I Holdings, he 
had 9 years of experience within the offshore marine industry in Farstad 
Shipping, with its holding company listed in the Oslo Stock Exchange. He 
started his career in the Audit Division with Arthur Andersen (later Ernst & 
Young). 
Louis graduated from University of Queensland with a Bachelor of Commerce 
(Finance). He is a Fellow Chartered Accountant (FCA Singapore) of the 
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants (ISCA), a Fellow Certified 
Chartered Accountant (FCCA) of The Association of Chartered Certified 
Accountants (ACCA), and a Fellow Certified Practising Accountant (FCPA) 
of Certified Practising Accountant Australia (CPA Australia). 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
10 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Introduction 
 
8I Holdings Limited (the “Company”) and its Board has adopted 
comprehensive systems of control and accountability as the basis 
for the administration of corporate governance, which are in 
effect as of 25 July 2024.  The Board is committed to administering 
the Company’s policies and procedures with openness and 
integrity, pursuing the true spirit of corporate governance 
commensurate with the Company’s needs. 
 
To the extent applicable, the Company has adopted the ASX 
Corporate Governance Council’s Corporate Governance Principles 
and Recommendations (Recommendations). 
 
In light of the Company’s size and nature, the Board considers that 
the current Board is a cost effective and practical method of 
directing and managing the Company.  As the Company’s 
activities develop in size, nature and scope, the size of the Board 
and the implementation of additional corporate governance 
policies and structures will be reviewed.  
 
The Company’s main corporate governance policies and practices 
as at the date of this report are detailed below.  The Company’s 
full Corporate Governance Plan is available in a dedicated 
corporate governance information section of the Company’s 
website at www.8iholdings.com. 
 
Principle 1: Lay solid foundations for 
management and oversight  
 
Recommendation 1.1  
 
 A listed entity should disclose: 
(a) the respective roles and responsibilities of its board and 
management; and 
(b) those matters expressly reserved to the board and those 
delegated to management. 
 
The Company has adopted a Board Charter. The Board Charter 
sets out the specific responsibilities of the Board, requirements as 
to the Boards composition, the roles and responsibilities of the 
Chairman and Company Secretary, the establishment, operation 
and management of Board Committees, Directors access to 
company records and information, details of the Board’s 
relationship 
with 
management, 
details 
of 
the 
Board’s 
performance review and details of the Board’s disclosure policy. 
A copy of the Company’s Board Charter is available on the 
Company’s website. 
 
The Board is responsible for the corporate governance of the 
Company.  The Board develops strategies for the Company, 
reviews strategic objectives and monitors performance against 
those 
objectives. 
 
Clearly 
articulating 
the 
division 
of 
responsibilities between the Board and management will help 
manage expectations and avoid misunderstandings about their 
respective roles and accountabilities. 
 
In general, the Board assumes (amongst others) the following 
responsibilities: 
  
(i) 
providing leadership and setting the strategic objectives of 
the Company; 
(ii) appointing and when necessary replacing the Executive 
Directors; 
(iii) approving 
the 
appointment 
and 
when 
necessary 
replacement, of other senior executives; 
(iv) undertaking appropriate checks before appointing a person, 
or putting forward to security holders a candidate for 
election, as a director; 
(v) overseeing 
management’s 
implementation 
of 
the 
Company’s strategic objectives and its performance 
generally; 
(vi) approving operating budgets and major capital expenditure 
and investment; 
(vii) overseeing the integrity of the company’s accounting and 
corporate reporting systems including the external audit; 
(viii) overseeing the company’s process for making timely and 
balanced disclosure of all material information concerning 
the Company that a reasonable person would expect to have 
a material effect on the price or value of the Company’s 
securities; 
(ix) ensuring that the Company has in place an appropriate risk 
management framework and setting the risk appetite within 
which the board expects management to operate; and 
(x) monitoring the effectiveness of the Company’s governance 
practices. 
 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 1: Lay solid foundations for 
management and oversight (continued) 
 
The Company is committed to ensuring that appropriate checks 
are undertaken before the appointment of a Director and has in 
place written agreements with each Director which detail the 
terms of their appointment. 
 
Recommendation 1.2  
 
A listed entity should: 
(a) undertake appropriate checks before appointing a person, or 
putting forward to security holders a candidate for election, 
as a director; and 
(b) provide security holders with all material information relevant 
to a decision on whether or not to elect or re-elect a director. 
 
Election of Board members is substantially the province of the 
Shareholders in general meeting.  The Board currently consists of 
the two Executive Directors (each of whom is a significant 
Shareholder) and two Non-Executive Directors (each of whom is 
independent).  As the Company’s activities develop in size, nature 
and scope, the composition of the Board and the implementation 
of additional corporate governance policies and structures will be 
reviewed. 
 
Nominations of new Directors are considered by the full Board. If 
any vacancies arise on the Board, all directors are involved in the 
search and recruitment of a replacement.  
 
The Board has taken a view that the full Board will hold special 
meetings or sessions as required. The Board is confident that this 
process for selection, including undertaking appropriate checks 
before appointing a person, or putting forward to security holders 
a candidate for election, and review is stringent and full details of 
all Directors will be provided to Shareholders in the annual report 
and on the Company’s website. 
 
All material information relevant to a decision on whether or not 
to elect or re-elect a Director will be provided to security holders 
in Section 3 of the Prospectus or a Notice of Meeting pursuant to 
which the resolution to elect or re-elect a Director will be voted 
on. 
 
Recommendation 1.3 
 
A listed entity should have a written agreement with each director 
and senior executive setting out the terms of their appointment. 
 
The Company has entered into Executive Service Agreements 
with executive directors and Letters of Appointment with each 
Non-Executive Director. 
 
Recommendation 1.4 
 
The company secretary of a listed entity should be accountable 
directly to the board, through the chair, on all matters to do with 
the proper functioning of the board.
  
  
 
The Board Charter outlines the roles, responsibility and 
accountability of the Company Secretary. The Company Secretary 
is accountable directly to the board, through the chair, on all 
matters to do with the proper functioning of the Board. 
 
Recommendation 1.5 
 
A listed entity should: 
(a) have and disclose a diversity policy; 
(b) through its board or a committee of the board set measurable 
objectives for achieving gender diversity in the composition of 
its board, senior executives and workforce generally; and 
(c) disclose in relation to each reporting period: 
(1) the measurable objectives set for that period to achieve 
gender diversity; 
(2) the entity’s progress towards achieving those objectives; 
and 
(3) either: 
(A) the respective proportions of men and women on the 
board, in senior executive positions and across the 
whole organisation (including how the entity has 
defined “senior executive” for these purposes); or 
(B) if the entity is a “relevant employer” under the 
Workplace Gender Equality Act, the entity’s most 
recent “Gender Equality Indicators”, as defined in and 
published under that Act. 
 
The Company has adopted a Diversity Policy. The Board values 
diversity and recognises the benefits it can bring to the 
organisation’s ability to achieve its goals. Accordingly, the 
Company has set in place a diversity policy.  This policy outlines 
the Company’s diversity objectives in relation to gender, age, 
cultural background and ethnicity.  It includes requirements for 
the Board to establish measurable objectives for achieving 
diversity, and for the Board to assess annually both the objectives, 
and the Company’s progress in achieving them. 
 
The Diversity Policy provides a framework for the Company to 
achieve a list of measurable objectives that encompass gender 
equality. The Diversity Policy provides for the monitoring and 
evaluation of the scope and currency of the Diversity Policy. The 
company is responsible for implementing, monitoring and 
reporting on the measurable objectives.   The Diversity Policy is 
available on the Corporate Governance Plan on the Company’s 
website. 
The Company does not discriminate on the basis of gender. The 
Company is not of a relevant size to consider setting measurable 
objectives for achieving gender diversity. As such the board has 
not set any measurable objectives for achieving gender diversity. 
 
Category 
31 March 2024 
 
Male 
Female 
Board of Directors 
4 
- 
Senior Management 
1 
- 
Company wide 
- 
1 
 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
12 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 1: Lay solid foundations for 
management and oversight (continued) 
 
The Senior Management refer to those persons having authority 
and responsibility for planning, directing, controlling the activities 
of the consolidated entity, directly or indirectly, of the 
consolidated entity. 
 
Recommendation 1.6 
 
A listed entity should: 
(a) have and disclose a process for periodically evaluating the 
performance of the board, its committees and individual 
directors; and 
(b) disclose in relation to each reporting period, whether a 
performance evaluation was undertaken in the reporting 
period in accordance with that process. 
 
The Company is not of a relevant size to consider formation of a 
Nomination Committee. The responsibilities of the Nomination 
Committee are currently carried out by the board and evaluating 
the performance of the Board, any committees and individual 
directors on an annual basis. The Board may do so with the aid of 
an independent advisor. The process for this can be found in 
Schedule 5 of the Company’s Corporate Governance Plan. 
 
The Company has established the Nomination Committee 
Charter, which requires disclosure as to whether or not 
performance evaluations were conducted during the relevant 
reporting period.  
 
During the year a performance evaluation of the Executive 
Chairman and Executive Director was undertake by the non-
executive directors. The performance of the board, its 
committees and the individual directors is assessed on an on-
going basis by the Chairman of the Board. 
 
Recommendation 1.7 
 
A listed entity should: 
(a) have and disclose a process for periodically evaluating the 
performance of its senior executives at least once every 
reporting period; and 
(b) disclose for each reporting period whether a performance 
evaluation has been undertaken in accordance with that 
process during or in respect of that period. 
 
The responsibilities of the Nomination Committee are currently 
carried out by the board, which includes periodically evaluating 
the performance of senior executives. The process is disclosed in 
Schedule 6 of the Corporate Governance Plan. 
 
During FY2024, over a series of informal discussions, the executive 
directors reviewed each senior executive. All senior executives’ 
performances met performance criteria.  
Principle 2: Structure the board to add value 
 
Recommendation 2.1 
 
The board of a listed entity should: 
(a) have a nomination committee which: 
(i) has at least three members, a majority of whom are 
independent directors; and 
(ii) is chaired by an independent director, 
and disclose: 
(iii) the charter of the committee; 
(iv) the members of the committee; and 
(v) as at the end of each reporting period, the number of 
times the committee met throughout the period and 
the individual attendances of the members at those 
meetings; or 
(b) if it does not have a nomination committee, disclose that fact 
and the processes it employs to address board succession 
issues and to ensure that the board has the appropriate 
balance of skills, experience, independence and knowledge of 
the entity to enable it to discharge its duties and 
responsibilities effectively. 
 
The Company does not comply with Principle 2.1. The Company is 
not of a relevant size to consider formation of a nomination 
committee to deal with the selection and appointment of new 
Directors and as such a nomination committee has not been 
formed. 
 
Nominations of new Directors are considered by the full Board. If 
any vacancies arise on the Board, all directors are involved in the 
search and recruitment of a replacement. The Board has taken a 
view that the full Board will hold special meetings or sessions as 
required. The Board is confident that this process for selection, 
including undertaking appropriate checks before appointing a 
person, or putting forward to security holders a candidate for 
election, and review is stringent and full details of all Directors will 
be provided to Shareholders in the annual report and on the 
Company’s website. 
 
Recommendation 2.2 
 
A listed entity should have and disclose a board skill matrix setting 
out the mix of skills and diversity that the board currently has or 
is looking to achieve in its membership. 
 
The Company identifies the following as the main areas of skills 
required by the board to successfully service the Company. The 
directors have been measured to these areas in the skills matrix: 
 
Number of 
Directors that 
meet the skill 
 
 
Executive and Non-Executive experience 
4 
Industry experience and knowledge 
4 
Leadership 
4 
Corporate governance & Risk Management 
4 
Strategic thinking 
4 
Desired behavioural competencies 
4 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 2: Structure the board to add value 
(continued) 
Number of 
Directors that 
meet the skill 
 
 
Geographic experience 
4 
Capital Markets experience 
3 
Subject matter expertise 
- accounting 
3 
- capital management 
3 
- corporate financing 
3 
- industry taxation 
1 
- risk management 
4 
- legal 
3 
- IT expertise 
1 
 
The Board Charter requires the disclosure of each board 
member’s qualifications and expertise as set out in the Company’s 
Board skills matrix. Full details as to each director and senior 
executive’s relevant skills and experience are available in the 
Annual Report and the Company’s Website. 
 
Recommendation 2.3 
 
A listed entity should disclose: 
(a) the names of the directors considered by the board to be 
independent directors; 
(b) if a director has an interest, position, association or 
relationship of the type described in Box 2.3 of the ASX 
Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendation (3rd 
Edition), but the board is of the opinion that it does not 
compromise the independence of the director, the nature of 
the interest, position, association or relationship in question 
and an explanation of why the board is of that opinion; and  
(c) the length of service of each director. 
 
The Board Charter provides for the disclosure of the names of 
Directors considered by the board to be independent. Currently 
two members of the Board are considered independent being Mr 
Yiowmin Chay and Mr Charles Mac;  
 
The Board Charter requires Directors to disclose their interest, 
positions, associations and relationships and requires that the 
independence of Directors is regularly assessed by the board in 
light of the interests disclosed by Directors. Details of the 
Directors interests, positions associations and relationships are 
provided in the Annual Report; and  
  
The Board Charter provides for the determination of the 
Directors’ terms and requires the length of service of each 
Director to be disclosed. The length of service of each Director is 
as follows: 
 
• 
Mr Ken Chee appointed on 17 May 2014 
• 
Mr Clive Tan appointed on 17 May 2014 
• 
Mr Yiowmin Chay appointed on 22 Sep 2014 
• 
Mr Charles Mac appointed on 26 Apr 2016 
  
   
 
Recommendation 2.4 
 
A majority of the board of a listed entity should be independent 
directors. 
 
The Board considers that only two out of the four Directors are 
independent directors in accordance with the ASX Corporate 
Governance Council’s definition of independence: 
 
• 
Mr. Chay Yiowmin (Independent Non-Executive Director) 
• 
Mr. Charles Mac (Independent Non-Executive Director) 
 
The Board considers that the Company is not currently of a size, 
nor are its affairs of such complexity to justify the expense of the 
appointment of additional independent non-executive Directors. 
 
The Board believes that the individuals on the Board can make, 
and do make, quality and independent judgements in the best 
interests of the Company on all relevant issues.  Directors having 
a conflict of interest in relation to a particular item of business 
must absent themselves from the Board meeting before 
commencement of discussion on the topic. 
 
Recommendation 2.5 
 
The chair of the board of a listed entity should be an independent 
director and, in particular, should not be the same person as the 
CEO of the entity. 
Mr. Chee currently holds the position of Executive Chairman 
which does not comply with the ASX Corporate Governance 
Council’s recommendations. 
 
While the Board considers the importance of a division of 
responsibility and independence at the head of the Company, the 
existing structure is considered appropriate and provides a 
unified leadership structure.  Mr. Chee has been the major force 
behind the establishment of the 8I Group and its current growth 
and direction. The Board considers that, at this stage of the 
Company’s development, he is able to bring quality and 
independent judgement to all relevant issues, and the Company 
benefits from his long standing experience of its operations and 
business relationships. 
 
Recommendation 2.6 
 
A listed entity should have a program for inducting new directors 
and 
providing 
appropriate 
professional 
development 
opportunities for continuing directors to develop and maintain 
the skills and knowledge needed to perform their role as a 
director effectively. 
 
The Board Charter states that a specific responsibility of the Board 
is to procure appropriate professional development opportunities 
for Directors. The Remuneration Committee is responsible for the 
approval and review of induction and continuing professional 
development programs and procedures for Directors to ensure 
that they can effectively discharge their responsibilities.   
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
14 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 3: Act ethically and responsibly 
 
Recommendation 3.1 
 
A listed entity should articulate and disclose its values. 
 
The Company has statement of values which can be viewed on its 
website. 
 
Recommendation 3.2 
 
A listed entity should: 
(a) have and disclose a code of conduct for its directors, senior 
executives and employees; and 
(b) ensure that the board or a committee of the board is informed 
of any material breaches of that code. 
 
The Board is committed to the establishment and maintenance of 
appropriate ethical standards. 
 
The Corporate Code of Conduct applies to the Company’s 
directors, senior executives and employees. The Company’s 
Corporate Code of Conduct is available in the Corporate 
Governance plan which is on the Company’s website. 
 
Recommendation 3.3 
 
A listed entity should: 
(a)  have and disclose a whistleblower policy; and  
(b)  ensure that the board or a committee of the board is informed 
of any material incidents reported under that policy. 
 
The Company has implemented a whistleblower policy which can 
be viewed on its website and the Board is informed when any 
material incidents are reported under the policy. 
 
Recommendation 3.4 
 
A listed entity should: 
(a)  have and disclose an anti-bribery and corruption policy; and  
(b)  ensure that the board or a committee of the board is informed 
of any material breaches of that policy. 
 
The Company has implemented an anti-bribery and corruption 
policy which can be viewed on its website and the Board is 
informed when any material incidents are reported under the 
policy. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principle 4: Safeguard integrity in financial 
reporting 
 
Recommendation 4.1 
 
The board of a listed entity should: 
(a) have an audit committee which: 
(i) has at least three members, all of whom are non-
executive directors and a majority of whom are 
independent directors; and 
(ii) is chaired by an independent director, who is not the chair 
of the board,  
and disclose:  
(iii) the charter of the committee; 
(iv) the relevant qualifications and experience of the 
members of the committee; and 
(v) in relation to each reporting period, the number of times 
the committee met throughout the period and the 
individual attendances of the members at those meetings; 
or 
(b) if it does not have an audit committee, disclose that fact and 
the processes it employs that independently verify and 
safeguard the integrity of its financial reporting, including the 
processes for the appointment and removal of the external 
auditor and the rotation of the audit engagement partner. 
 
The Company is not currently of a size, nor are its affairs of such 
complexity to justify the formation of audit committee to satisfy 
this recommendation. The Board believes that the individuals on 
the Board can make, and do make, quality and informed 
judgements in the best interests of the Company on all relevant 
issues.  
The Board will carry out the duties that would ordinarily be 
assigned to that committee under the written terms of reference 
for that committee, including but not limited to, monitoring and 
reviewing any matters of significance affecting financial reporting 
and compliance, the integrity of the financial reporting of the 
Company, the Company's internal financial control system and 
risk management systems and the external audit function. The 
Board from time to time will review the scope, performance and 
fees of the external auditors and the rotation of the audit 
engagement partner. 
 
 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 4: Safeguard integrity in financial 
reporting (continued) 
 
Recommendation 4.2 
 
The board of a listed entity should, before it approves the entity’s 
financial statements for a financial period, receive from its CEO 
and CFO a declaration that the financial records of the entity have 
been properly maintained and that the financial statements 
comply with the appropriate accounting standards and give a true 
and fair view of the financial position and performance of the 
entity and that the opinion has been formed on the basis of a 
sound system of risk management and internal control which is 
operating effectively.  
 
The Board ensure that before they approve the entity’s financial 
statements for a financial period, the Executive Directors have 
declared that in their opinion the financial records of the entity 
have been properly maintained and that the financial statements 
comply with the appropriate accounting standards and give a true 
and fair view of the financial position and performance of the 
entity and that the opinion has been formed on the basis of a 
sound system of risk management and internal control which is 
operating effectively. 
 
Recommendation 4.3 
 
A listed entity should disclose its process to verify the integrity of 
any periodic corporate report it releases to the market that is not 
audited or reviewed by an external auditor. 
 
Any periodic corporate reports are prepared by the accountant, 
reviewed by the CFO and presented to the Board for sign off prior 
to release to the market. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Principle 5: Make timely and balanced disclosure 
 
Recommendation 5.1 
 
A listed entity should have and disclose a written policy for 
complying with its continuous disclosure obligations under listing 
rule 3.1. 
 
The Board Charter provides details of the Company’s disclosure 
policy. In addition, Schedule 7 of the Corporate Governance Plan 
is entitled ‘Disclosure-Continuous Disclosure’ and details the 
Company’s disclosure requirements as required by the ASX Listing 
Rules and other relevant legislation.  
 
The Board Charter and Schedule 7 of the Corporate Governance 
Plan which is available at the Company’s website. 
 
Recommendation 5.2 
 
A listed entity should ensure that its board receives copies of all 
material market announcements promptly after they have been 
made. 
 
All material market announcements are circulated to the board 
via email. 
 
Recommendation 5.3 
 
A listed entity that gives a new and substantive investor or analyst 
presentation should release a copy of the presentation materials 
on the ASX Market Announcements Platform ahead of the 
presentation. 
 
Results, presentations and transcripts of the Chairman’s address 
at annual general meetings are released on the ASX Market 
Announcements Platform as soon as practically possible after the 
conclusion of the general meeting. Other presentations to new or 
substantive shareholders or investor analysts are released on the 
ASX Market Announcements Platform prior to the presentation.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
16 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 6: Respect the rights of security holders 
 
Recommendation 6.1 
 
A listed entity should provide information about itself and its 
governance to investors via its website. 
 
The Company has a comprehensive website found at 
www.8iholdings.com, where there are links to directors, 
corporate governance, plans and policies. Also included are links 
to all financial reports, announcements, notice of meetings and 
presentations and any external media commentary made on the 
Company. 
 
Recommendation 6.2 
 
A listed entity should design and implement an investor relations 
program to facilitate effective two-way communication with 
investors. 
 
The Company has adopted a Shareholder Communications 
Strategy which aims to promote and facilitate effective two-way 
communication with investors. The Strategy outlines a range of 
ways in which information is communicated to shareholders. The 
Shareholder Communications Strategy can be found in the 
Corporate Governance plan under schedule 11 which is available 
at the Company’s website.  
 
Recommendation 6.3 
 
A listed entity should disclose the policies and processes it has in 
place to facilitate and encourage participation at meetings of 
security holders. 
 
The Shareholder Communication Strategy, which can be found in 
schedule 11 of the Corporate Governance Plan which is available 
on the Company’s website. 
 
Recommendation 6.4 
 
A listed entity should ensure that all substantive resolutions at a 
meeting of security holders are decided by a poll rather than by a 
show of hands. 
 
The company decides all resolutions at a meeting of security 
holders by a poll. 
 
Recommendation 6.5 
 
A listed entity should give security holders the option to receive 
communications from, and send communications to, the entity 
and its security registry electronically. 
 
Security holders can register with the Company to receive email 
notifications when an announcement is made by the Company to 
the ASX. Shareholders queries should be referred to the Company 
Secretary at first instance. 
Principle 7:  Recognise and manage risk 
 
Recommendation 7.1 
 
The board of a listed entity should: 
(a) have a committee or committees to oversee risk, each of 
which: 
(i) has at least three members, a majority of whom are 
independent directors; and 
(ii) is chaired by an independent director, 
and disclose: 
(iii) the charter of the committee; 
(iv) the members of the committee; and 
(v) as at the end of each reporting period, the number of 
times the committee met throughout the period and the 
individual attendances of the members at those meetings; 
or 
(b) if it does not have a risk committee or committees that satisfy 
(a) above, disclose that fact and the process it employs for 
overseeing the entity’s risk management framework.  
 
The Board has established an Audit and Risk Committee that has 
assumed the role of a separate Risk Management Committee and 
which operates under the Audit and Risk Committee Charter 
approved by the Board. The Board is ultimately responsible for 
risk oversight and risk management. Discussions on the 
recognition and management of risks were also considered by the 
Board. Further details of the committee’s activities are provided 
in the Company’s Annual Report. 
 
Recommendation 7.2 
 
The board or a committee of the board should: 
(a) review the entity’s risk management framework with 
management at least annually to satisfy itself that it continues 
to be sound, to determine whether there have been any 
changes in the material business risks the entity faces and to 
ensure that they remain within the risk appetite set by the 
board; and 
(b) disclose in relation to each reporting period, whether such a 
review has taken place. 
 
The Company process for risk management and internal 
compliance includes a requirement to identify and measure risk, 
monitor the environment for emerging factors and trends that 
affect these risks, formulate risk management strategies and 
monitor the performance of risk management systems. Schedule 
8 of the Corporate Governance Plan, which can be found on the 
Company’s website, is entitled ‘Disclosure - Risk Management’ 
and details the Company’s disclosure requirements with respect 
to the risk management review procedure and internal 
compliance and controls. 
 
The Board Charter requires in relation to the reporting period 
relevant to that Committee, to disclose the number of times that 
Committee met throughout the period, and the individual 
attendances of the members at those Committee meetings. 
Details of the Committee meetings are provided in the Company’s 
Annual Report. There have been no changes to the risk 
management framework during the financial period. 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 7:  Recognise and manage risk 
(continued) 
 
Recommendation 7.3 
 
A listed entity should disclose: 
(a) if it has an internal audit function, how the function is 
structured and what role it performs; or  
(b) if it does not have an internal audit function, that fact and the 
processes it employs for evaluating and continually improving 
the effectiveness of its risk management and internal control 
processes. 
 
The Company does not currently have an internal audit function. 
Given the size of the Company, no internal audit function is 
currently considered necessary. The Company’s Management 
periodically undertakes an internal review of financial systems 
and processes and where systems are considered to require 
improvement these systems are developed. The Board also 
considers external reviews of specific areas and monitors the 
implementation of system improvements. 
 
Recommendation 7.4 
 
A listed entity should disclose whether, it has any material 
exposure to economic, environmental and social sustainability 
risks and, if it does, how it manages or intends to manage those 
risks. 
 
The Audit and Risk Committee Charter details the Company’s risk 
management systems which assist in identifying and managing 
potential or apparent business, economic, environmental and 
social sustainability risks (if appropriate). Review of the 
Company’s risk management framework is conducted at least 
annually and reports are continually created by management on 
the efficiency and effectiveness of the Company’s risk 
management framework and associated internal compliance and 
control procedures. 
 
Principle 8: Remunerate fairly and responsibly 
 
Recommendation 8.1 
 
The board of a listed entity should: 
(a) have a remuneration committee which: 
(i) has at least three members, a majority of whom are 
independent directors; and 
(ii) is chaired by an independent director, 
and disclose: 
(iii) the charter of the committee; 
(iv) the members of the committee; and 
(v) as at the end of each reporting period, the number of 
times the committee met throughout the period and the 
individual attendances of the members at those meetings; 
or 
(b) if it does not have a remuneration committee, disclose that 
fact and the processes it employs for setting the level and 
composition of remuneration for directors and senior 
executives and ensuring that such remuneration is 
appropriate and not excessive. 
 
The Company has a Remuneration Committee which is made up 
by Mr Charles Mac as Chairman, Mr Yiowmin Chay and Mr Clive 
Tan. The committee is made up of a majority of independent 
directors and is chaired by one of the independent directors and 
is therefore compliant with recommendation 8.1 (a)(i) and(ii). 
 
The Company has adopted The Remuneration Committee 
Charter. The Remuneration Committee Charter outlines the roles 
and responsibilities of the Remuneration Committee and provides 
that: 
 
(i) The Remuneration Committee comprises of at least three 
Directors, the majority of whom are independent non-
executive Directors; 
(ii) The Remuneration Committee must be chaired by an 
independent Director who is appointed by the Board. 
(iii) The Remuneration Committee Charter is available in the 
Corporate Governance Plan which is available on the 
Company’s website; 
(iv) The Board Charter requires disclosure of the members of the 
Committee. Details of the current members are provided in 
the Annual Report; and 
(v) The Board Charter requires each Committee in relation to the 
reporting period relevant to that Committee, to disclose the 
number of times that Committee met throughout the period, 
and the individual attendances of the members at those 
Committee meetings. Details of the Committee meetings will 
be provided in the Company’s Annual Report. 
 
Remuneration Committee members 
Details of attendance at meetings up to 31 March 2024 are set out 
below. 
 
Director Name 
 
 
Held 
   Attended 
Charles Mac (Chair) 
 
 
  1 
           1 
Clive Tan Che Koon 
 
 
  1 
           1 
Chay Yiowmin 
 
 
  1 
           1 
 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
18 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 8: Remunerate fairly and responsibly 
(continued) 
 
Recommendation 8.2 
 
A listed entity should separately disclose its policies and practices 
regarding the remuneration of non-executive directors and the 
remuneration of executive directors and other senior executives. 
 
The Remuneration Committee Charter outlines the Company’s 
policies and practices regarding the remuneration of non-
executive, executive and other senior directors. 
 
The remuneration of any Executive Director will be decided by the 
Board following the recommendation of the Remuneration 
Committee, without the affected Executive Director participating 
in that decision-making process.  
 
The Constitutions provide that the Non-Executive Directors will be 
paid by way of remuneration for their services as Directors a sum 
not exceeding such fixed sum per annum pursuant to a resolution 
passed at a general meeting of the Company.  Until a different 
amount is determined, the amount of the remuneration is 
S$200,000 per annum.  
 
In addition, subject to any necessary Shareholder approval, a 
Director may be paid fees or other amounts as the Directors 
determine where a Director performs special duties or otherwise 
performs services outside the scope of the ordinary duties of a 
Director (e.g. non-cash performance incentives such as options). 
 
Directors are also entitled to be paid reasonable travel and other 
expenses incurred by them in the course of the performance of 
their duties as Directors. 
 
The Remuneration Committee reviews and approves the 
Company’s remuneration policy in order to ensure that the 
Company is able to attract and retain executives and Directors 
who will create value for Shareholders, having regard to the 
amount considered to be commensurate for an entity of the 
Company’s size and level of activity as well as the relevant 
Directors’ time, commitment and responsibility.   
 
The Board is also responsible for reviewing any employee 
incentive and equity-based plans including the appropriateness of 
performance hurdles and total payments proposed. 
 
 
 
 
 
Recommendation 8.3 
 
A listed entity which has an equity-based remuneration scheme 
should: 
(a) have a policy on whether participants are permitted to enter 
into transactions (whether through the use of derivatives or 
otherwise) which limit the economic risk of participating in 
the scheme; and 
(b) disclose that policy or a summary of it. 
 
The Company had obtained its shareholders’ approval on the 
creation of an equity-based remuneration scheme. The 
Company’s full Employee Share Plan is available in the Company’s 
website at www.8iholdings.com. 
 
The Board has adopted a policy that sets out the guidelines on the 
sale and purchase of securities in the Company by its key 
management personnel (i.e. Directors and, if applicable, any 
employees reporting directly to the Executive Directors). The 
policy generally provides that the written acknowledgement of 
the Executive Chairman (or the Board in the case of the Executive 
Chairman) must be obtained prior to trading. 
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 
31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Principle 9: Additional Recommendations that 
apply only in certain cases 
 
Recommendation 9.1 
 
A listed entity with a director who does not speak the language in 
which board or security holder meetings are held or key corporate 
documents are written should disclose the processes it has in 
place to ensure the director understands and can contribute to 
the discussions at those meetings and understands and can 
discharge their obligations in relation to those documents. 
 
Not Applicable 
 
Recommendation 9.2 
 
A listed entity established outside Australia should ensure that 
meetings of security holders are held at a reasonable place and 
time. 
 
Meetings of security holders are held at the Company’s head 
office in Singapore. In addition, where possible the Company 
provide security holders with the option to attend the meeting via 
electronic/online facilities. 
 
Recommendation 9.3 
 
A listed entity established outside Australia, and an externally 
managed listed entity that has an AGM, should ensure that its 
external auditor attends its AGM and is available to answer 
questions from security holders relevant to the audit. 
 
The Company ensures that its auditor attends each AGM and is 
available to answer questions from security holders relevant to 
the audit. 
 
 
For personal use only

REMUNERATION REPORT 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
20 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
This remuneration report set out information about the 
remuneration of 8I Holdings Limited’s key management 
personnel for the financial year ended 31 March 2024. The term 
‘key management personnel’ refer to those persons having 
authority and responsibility for planning, directing, controlling the 
activities of the consolidated entity, directly or indirectly, 
including any director (whether executive or otherwise) of the 
consolidated entity. 
 
 
Remuneration Policy 
 
The remuneration policy of 8I Holdings Limited has been designed 
to align director and executive objectives with shareholder and 
business objectives. The board of the Company believes the 
remuneration policy to be appropriate and effective in its ability 
to attract and retain the best executives and directors to run and 
manage the Company and Consolidated Group, as well as create 
goal congruence between directors, executives and shareholders. 
 
All remuneration paid to directors and executives is valued at the 
cost to the Consolidated Group and expensed. 
 
The names and positions of key management personnel of the 
Company and of the Consolidated Entity who have held office 
during the financial year are: 
 
Chee Kuan Tat, Ken 
Executive Chairman 
Clive Tan Che Koon 
Executive Director 
Chay Yiowmin  
Non-Executive Director 
Charles Mac 
Non-Executive Director  
Louis Chua Chun Woei 
 
Chief Financial Officer; 
Chief Risk Officer; 
and Company Secretary (Australia) 
 
Non-Executive Directors’ remuneration 
 
The Constitution and the ASX Listing Rules specify that the 
aggregate remuneration of Non-Executive Directors shall be 
determined from time to time by shareholders in general 
meeting. Total remuneration for all Non-Executive Directors, last 
voted upon by shareholders in 2023, is not to exceed $200,000 
per annum. Directors’ fees cover all main board activities and 
membership of committees if applicable. 
 
Non-Executive Directors do not receive any retirement benefits. 
 
Executive remuneration 
 
Remuneration for executives is set out in employment 
agreements. Details of the employment agreement with 
Executive Directors are provided below. 
 
Executive 
Directors 
may 
receive 
performance-related 
compensation but do not receive any retirement benefits, other 
than statutory Central Provident Fund (CPF) contribution. 
 
Assessing performance 
 
The Board is responsible for assessing performance against Key 
Performance Indicators (KPIs) and determining the Short-term 
Incentives (STI) and Long-term Incentive (LTI) to be paid. To assist 
in this assessment, the Board may request detailed reports on 
performance from management and market share.  
 
The Group does not have any formal bonus scheme in place. The 
Group does not have any ongoing commitment to pay bonuses. 
 
Long-term incentive 
 
Long-term Incentives (LTI) may be provided to key management 
personnel in the form of Share Plans over ordinary shares of the 
Company. LTI are considered to promote continuity of 
employment and provide additional incentive to recipients to 
increase shareholder wealth. Share Plans may only be issued to 
Directors subject to approval by shareholders in general meeting. 
 
 
Service Agreements 
 
Remuneration and other terms of employment for the Executive 
Directors and other Key Management Personnel are formalized in 
a service agreement. For Non-Executive Directors, these terms 
are set out in a Letter of Appointment. The major provisions of 
the agreements relating to Directors’ remuneration as at date of 
this report are set out below. 
 
Name 
Base Salary(1) 
Fees 
Chee Kuan Tat, Ken 
S$142,800 p.a. 
S$nil 
Clive Tan Che Koon 
S$214,200 p.a. 
S$nil 
Chay Yiowmin 
S$nil 
S$40,800 p.a. 
Charles Mac 
S$nil 
S$40,800 p.a. 
 
* There are no fixed term nor notice period in the Directors’ service 
agreements 
(1) Excluding employer’s Central Provident Fund (CPF) contribution 
 
 
For personal use only

REMUNERATION REPORT 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Details of Remuneration  
 
A breakdown showing the level and mix of each Director’s and Key Management Personnel’s remuneration for the financial year ended 31 
March 2024 is set out below: 
 
 
_______Short-term_______ 
Post-employment 
 
 
Name of Directors 
Salary 
S$’000 
Bonus 
S$’000 
Directors’ Fee 
S$’000 
CPF Contribution 
S$’000 
Total 
S$’000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Executive Directors 
 
 
 
 
 
Chee Kuan Tat, Ken 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration of Company 
118 
- 
- 
14 
132 
Remuneration of a subsidiary  
  (discontinued operations) 
 
78 
 
- 
 
- 
 
8 
 
86 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Clive Tan Che Koon 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration of Company 
176 
- 
- 
14 
190 
Remuneration of a subsidiary  
  (discontinued operations) 
 
- 
 
- 
 
18 
 
- 
 
18 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-executive Directors 
 
 
 
 
 
Chay Yiowmin 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration of Company 
- 
- 
34 
- 
  34 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Charles Mac 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration of Company 
- 
- 
34 
- 
  34 
 
 
 
 
___Short-term___ 
Post-employment 
 
Name of Key Management 
Personnel 
 
Designation 
Salary 
% 
Bonus 
% 
CPF Contribution 
% 
Total 
% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
S$150,000 to below S$250,000 
 
 
 
 
Louis Chua Chun Woei  
Chief Financial Officer;  
Chief Risk Officer; and  
Company Secretary (Australia) 
87 
5 
8 
100 
 
The total remuneration of each Key Management Personnel has not been disclosed in dollar terms given the sensitivity of remuneration 
matters and to maintain the confidentiality of the remuneration packages of these Key Management Personnel. 
 
The total remuneration of the top five key executives (who are not directors of the Company) is S$607,739 for the financial year ended 31 
March 2024 (2021: S$886,383). 
 
There were no terminations, retirement or post-employment benefits granted to Directors and Key Management Personnel other than the 
standard contractual notice period termination payment in lieu of service for the financial year ended 31 March 2024 and the prevailing 
norm of retrenchment benefit payment of 2 weeks salary per year of service as stated in Ministry of Manpower’s website. 
 
No employee whose remuneration exceeded S$50,000 during the financial year is an immediate family member of any of the members of 
the Board. Apart from disclosed elsewhere in this report, the Company did not provide any equity compensation to Directors or executives 
during the financial year ended 31 March 2024. 
 
The Company also reimburses validly incurred business expenses of Directors and Key Management Personnel. 
 
Share-based remuneration 
 
No options over ordinary shares in the Company were granted as compensation to each key management person during the reporting 
period. 
 
 
For personal use only

REMUNERATION REPORT 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2023 
 
 
 
 
 
22 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Other Information 
 
There were no loans made to any Key Management Personnel 
during the financial year or outstanding at financial year ended. 
 
Apart from disclosed elsewhere in this report, there were no 
transactions with Key Management Personnel during the financial 
year. During the financial year, the Remuneration Committee 
reviewed and approved the Company’s remuneration policy. 
 
 
Directors Meetings 
 
Since the beginning of the financial year, five meetings of 
directors were held. Attendances by each director during the 
period were as follows: 
 
DIRECTORS' MEETINGS 
DIRECTORS 
ELIGIBLE TO ATTEND 
ATTENDED 
Chee Kuan Tat, Ken 
4 
4 
Clive Tan Che Koon 
4 
4 
Chay Yiowmin   
4 
4 
Charles Mac 
4 
4 
 
 
Environmental Issues 
 
The 
Company’s 
operations 
comply 
with 
all 
relevant 
environmental laws and regulations, and have not been subject 
to any actions by environmental regulators. 
 
For personal use only

DIRECTORS’ STATEMENT 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
The directors present their statement to the members together with the audited consolidated financial statements of 8I Holdings Limited 
(the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (the “Group”) for the financial year ended 31 March 2024 and the statement of financial position of 
the Company as at 31 March 2024 and statement of changes in equity of the Company for the financial year ended 31 March 2024. 
 
In the opinion of the directors, 
 
(a) 
the consolidated financial statements of the Group and the statement of financial position and statement of changes in equity of the 
Company are drawn up so as to give a true and fair view of the financial position of the Group and of the Company as at 31 March 
2024 and the financial performance, changes in equity and cash flows of the Group and changes in equity of the Company for the 
year ended on that date, and 
 
(b) 
at the date of this statement, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when 
they fall due. 
 
 
Directors 
 
The directors of the Company in office at the date of this statement are as follows: 
 
Mr Chee Kuan Tat, Ken 
Mr Clive Tan Che Koon 
Mr Charles Mac  
Mr Chay Yiowmin 
 
 
Arrangements to enable directors to acquire shares and debentures 
 
Neither at the end of nor at any time during the financial year was the Company a party to any arrangement whose object was to enable 
the directors of the Company to acquire benefits by means of the acquisition of shares in, or debentures of, the Company or any other body 
corporate. 
 
 
Directors’ interests in shares or debentures 
 
According to the register of directors’ shareholdings kept by the Company under section 164 of the Singapore Companies Act 1967 (the 
“Act”), none of the directors holding office at the end of the financial year had any interest in the shares or debentures of the Company or 
its related corporations, except as follows:
 
Holdings registered in name of 
director or nominee 
 
At 31.3.2024 
At 1.4.2023 
8I Holdings Limited  
(No. of ordinary shares) 
 
 
Mr Chee Kuan Tat, Ken  
86,885,009 
86,885,009 
Mr Clive Tan Che Koon 
65,140,000 
65,140,000 
 
There was no change in any of the above-mentioned interests in the Company between the end of the financial year and date of this 
statement.  
 
Except as disclosed in this statement, no director who held office at the end of the financial year had interests in shares, shares options, 
warrants or debentures of the Company, or of related corporations not yet disposed, either at the beginning of the financial year, or date 
of appointment if later, or during the financial year.  
 
 
For personal use only

DIRECTORS’ STATEMENT 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
24 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Independent Auditor 
 
The independent auditor, KLP LLP, has expressed its willingness to accept re-appointment. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On behalf of the directors 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chee Kuan Tat, Ken 
Director 
Clive Tan Che Koon 
Director 
 
25 July 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25 
 
KLP LLP 
13A MacKenzie Road 
 Singapore 228676 
Tel: (65) 6227 4180 
klp@klp.com.sg 
 www.klp.com.sg 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF 8I HOLDINGS LIMITED 
 
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements 
 
Opinion 
 
We have audited the financial statements of 8I Holdings Limited (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (the “Group”), which comprise the 
consolidated statement of financial position of the Group and the statement of financial position of the Company as at 31 March 2024, and 
the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and consolidated statement of cash 
flows of the Group and the statement of changes in equity of the Company for the year then ended, and notes to the financial statements, 
including material accounting policy information. 
 
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Group and the statement of financial position and statement of 
changes in equity of the Company are properly drawn up in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 1967 (the “Act”) and 
Financial Reporting Standards in Singapore (“FRSs”) so as to give a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Group and 
the financial position of the Company as at 31 March 2024 and of the consolidated financial performance, consolidated changes in equity 
and consolidated cash flows of the Group and the changes in equity of the Company for the year ended on that date. 
 
Basis for Opinion 
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Singapore Standards on Auditing (“SSAs”). Our responsibilities under those standards are 
further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of 
the Group in accordance with the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA) Code of Professional Conduct and Ethics for Public 
Accountants and Accounting Entities (“ACRA Code”) together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial 
statements in Singapore, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the ACRA Code. 
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 
 
Key Audit Matters 
 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements 
for the financial year ended 31 March 2024. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a 
whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
26 
 
KLP LLP 
13A MacKenzie Road 
 Singapore 228676 
Tel: (65) 6227 4180 
klp@klp.com.sg 
 www.klp.com.sg 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF 8I HOLDINGS LIMITED (continued) 
 
Key Audit Matters (continued) 
 
Key Audit Matter 
 
How our audit addressed the Key Audit Matter 
Carrying amount and impairment of investment in subsidiaries  
(Refer to Note 2.6, 2.7 and 14 to the financial statements)  
 
The Company carries its investment in subsidiaries at cost adjusted for 
impairment losses. As at 31 March 2024, the carrying amount of 
investment in subsidiaries amounted to S$730,769. During the financial 
year 2024, the Company recognised an impairment loss of S$6,479,469. 
 
We consider the carrying amount and impairment of investment in 
subsidiaries to be a significant key audit matter as the amount is 
significant to the Company. Moreover, the identification of impairment 
indicators, the estimation of recoverable amount and the determination 
of impairment loss requires the use of significant judgements and 
assumptions by management. 
 
We assessed the appropriateness of management’s process 
by which indicators of impairment were identified. 
 
Where impairment had been identified in the investment in 
subsidiaries, our procedures included: 
• 
considering the latest developments in relation to the 
subsidiaries’ 
financial 
position 
and 
financial 
performance; 
• 
examining the recoverable amounts determined by 
management, including the appropriateness of the 
method and key assumptions used; 
• 
challenging management’s assumptions; 
• 
testing the adequacy of impairment loss; and 
• 
considered the adequacy of disclosures in the financial 
statements.  
 
Based on procedures performed above, we have assessed 
that the provision for impairment loss is appropriate. 
 
Valuation of financial instruments held at fair value 
(Refer to Note 3.1(c), 11, 16 and 24(e) to the financial statements)  
 
Financial instruments held by the Group at fair value include equity 
securities designated at fair value. 
 
The Group’s financial instruments are predominantly valued using 
quoted market prices (‘Level 1’). The valuations of ‘Level 3’ financial 
instruments (unquoted financial assets measured at fair value through 
other comprehensive income) rely on significant unobservable inputs. 
Accordingly, we have involved our valuation specialists in assessing the 
reasonableness of the significant unobservable inputs used by the Group.  
 
We considered the overall valuation of financial instruments (Level 1 and 
3) to be a key audit matter given the financial significance to the Group, 
the nature of the underlying financial instruments and the high degree of 
judgement involved in the estimation of fair value. 
 
In the current financial year 2024, the Group recognised fair value gain 
on financial assets at FVPL amounting to S$976,919. There were no 
changes to fair value of financial assets at FVOCI. 
 
Our procedures included: 
 
• 
obtain quoted market prices of listed equity securities 
from independent sources to compare the fair values 
of Level 1 financial instruments determined by 
management; 
• 
working with our valuation specialists, we assessed the 
reasonableness of the methodologies used and the 
assumptions made by management for financial 
instruments valuations with significant unobservable 
valuation inputs (Level 3 financial instruments); and 
• 
performed tests of source data and inputs, in light of 
available market data and industry trends. 
 
 
Based on procedures performed above, we have assessed 
that the fair value measurements of Level 1 and Level 3 
financial instruments held at fair value were reasonable.  
 
The fair value disclosures in the financial statements are 
adequate. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27 
 
KLP LLP 
13A MacKenzie Road 
 Singapore 228676 
Tel: (65) 6227 4180 
klp@klp.com.sg 
 www.klp.com.sg 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF 8I HOLDINGS LIMITED (continued) 
 
Key Audit Matters (continued) 
 
Key Audit Matter 
 
How our audit addressed the Key Audit Matter 
Existence and classification of investments carried out on behalf by an 
individual  
(Refer to Note 11, 12(d) and 12(e) to the financial statements)  
 
During the financial year, the Company entered into a profit-sharing 
agreement with an individual, where the individual would make 
investments on behalf of the Company.  Based on the agreement, the 
Company advanced an amount of S$269,520 to the individual to carry out 
investment activities on behalf of the Company. The individual placed the 
entire amount advanced into an online investment platform.  The amount 
was initially classified as ‘Other Receivables’ and was reclassified to 
‘Financial assets, at FVPL’. Due to the high risk nature of the investment 
and inadequate risk management procedures in place, the trading 
conducted on the online investment platform resulted in a realised loss 
of S$269,520 which has been recognised in the Statement of 
Comprehensive Income. 
 
We consider the ownership, carrying amount and impairment of the 
investment to be a significant key audit matter due to the complex 
arrangement and transaction as disclosed in Note 11 and 12. 
 
Our procedures included: 
 
• 
obtain the profit-sharing agreement entered into by 
the Company and the individual and determined the 
substance of the agreement such that whether it is an 
advance or an investment; 
• 
review and corroborate management’s assessment on 
the classification of the investment balance; 
• 
interview the individual and management on the flow 
of event leading to the trading loss in its entirety, 
rationale of investment and due diligence carried out; 
and 
• 
communicate our findings to the Independent Board 
of Directors.  
 
Based on procedures performed above, we have assessed 
that the existence and classification of investments carried 
out on behalf by the individual is appropriate. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
28 
 
KLP LLP 
13A MacKenzie Road 
 Singapore 228676 
Tel: (65) 6227 4180 
klp@klp.com.sg 
 www.klp.com.sg 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF 8I HOLDINGS LIMITED (continued) 
 
Other Information 
 
Management is responsible for the other information contained in the annual report. The other information comprises the Chairman’s 
message, operations and financial review, Corporate Governance statement, remuneration report and additional information included in 
the annual report but does not include the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. 
 
Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. 
 
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise 
appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this 
other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 
 
Responsibilities of Management and Directors for the Financial Statements 
 
Management is responsible for the preparation of financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with the provisions of 
the Act and FRSs, and for devising and maintaining a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide a reasonable assurance 
that assets are safeguarded against loss from unauthorised use or disposition; and transactions are properly authorised and that they are 
recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of true and fair financial statements and to maintain accountability of assets. 
 
In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, 
as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to 
liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 
 
The directors’ responsibilities include overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process. 
 
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 
 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, 
but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with SSAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.  
 
As part of an audit in accordance with SSAs, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. 
We also: 
 
• 
Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform 
audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud 
may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 
 
• 
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the 
circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control. 
 
• 
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures 
made by management. 
 
 
 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29 
 
KLP LLP 
13A MacKenzie Road 
 Singapore 228676 
Tel: (65) 6227 4180 
klp@klp.com.sg 
 www.klp.com.sg 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF 8I HOLDINGS LIMITED (continued) 
 
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements (continued) 
 
As part of an audit in accordance with SSAs, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. 
We also: (continued) 
 
• 
Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence 
obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability 
to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s 
report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our 
conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions 
may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern. 
 
• 
Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the 
financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation. 
 
• 
Plan and perform the group audit to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or 
business units within the group as a basis for forming an opinion on the group financial statements. We are responsible for the 
direction, supervision and review of the audit work performed for purposes of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our 
audit opinion. 
 
We communicate with the directors regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit 
findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit. 
 
We also provide the directors with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to 
communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where 
applicable, related safeguards. 
 
From the matters communicated with the directors, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or 
regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not 
be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public 
interest benefits of such communication. 
 
 
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements 
 
In our opinion, the accounting and other records required by the Act to be kept by the Company and by those subsidiary corporations 
incorporated in Singapore of which we are the auditors have been properly kept in accordance with the provisions of the Act. 
 
The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is See Zhen Ni Jenny. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KLP LLP 
Public Accountants and 
Chartered Accountants 
 
Singapore, 25 July 2024 
 
 
For personal use only

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME   
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
30 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Note 
2024 
2023 
 
S$ 
S$ 
          
 
 
 
Continuing operations 
 
 
 
Investment gains/(losses) 
4 
707,399 
(1,839,664) 
Cost of sales 
6 
(106,554) 
(76,617) 
Gross profit/(loss) 
 
600,845 
(1,916,281) 
 
 
 
Other gains 
5 
151,474 
1,000 
Other income 
5 
985,215 
1,609,447 
 
 
 
Expenses 
 
 
 
- Administrative expenses 
6 
(1,599,611) 
(3,249,193) 
- Other operating expenses 
6 
(23,113) 
(50,677) 
- Finance costs 
 
(22,407) 
(31,149) 
 
 
 
Profit/(loss) before income tax 
 
92,403 
(3,636,853) 
Income tax credit 
8 
- 
3,642 
Profit/(loss) from continuing operations 
 
92,403 
(3,633,211) 
 
 
 
Discontinued operations 
 
 
 
Loss from discontinued operations (net of tax) 
27 
(3,049,327) 
(13,642,387) 
Loss for the year 
 
(2,956,924) 
(17,275,598) 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income/(loss): 
 
 
 
 Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: 
 
 
 
 - Currency translation differences arising from consolidation  
 
161,138 
(121,324) 
 
 
 
 Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: 
 
 
 
 - Fair value losses - financial assets, at FVOCI 
16 
(5,121) 
(977,389) 
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax 
 
156,017 
(1,098,713) 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 
 
(2,800,907) 
(18,374,311) 
 
 
 
Profit/(loss) attributable to: 
 
 
 
- Owners of the Company 
 
 
 
 - from continuing operations 
 
92,403 
(3,633,211) 
 - from discontinued operations 
 
(2,293,334) 
(11,296,895) 
- Non-controlling interests 
 
(755,993) 
(2,345,492) 
 
(2,956,924) 
(17,275,598) 
 
 
 
 
Total comprehensive profit/(loss) attributable to: 
 
 
 
- Owners of the Company 
 
 
 
 - from continuing operations 
 
92,403 
(4,057,624) 
 - from discontinued operations 
 
(2,161,365) 
(11,851,004) 
- Non-controlling interests 
 
(731,945) 
(2,465,683) 
 
(2,800,907) 
(18,374,311) 
 
 
 
Earnings/(loss) per share for profit/(loss) from continuing and discontinued operations attributable to  
owners of the Company ($ per share) 
Basic earnings/(loss) 
- From continuing operations 
9 
0.0003 
(0.0102) 
- From discontinued operations 
9 
(0.0065) 
(0.0316) 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings/(loss) 
- From continuing operations 
9 
0.0003 
(0.0102) 
- From discontinued operations 
9 
(0.0065) 
(0.0316) 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 
 
For personal use only

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION   
As at 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
 
Note 
 
2024 
 
2023 
(As reclassified) 
 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
ASSETS 
 
 
 
Current assets 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents 
10 
4,218,208 
20,406,258 
Financial assets, at FVPL 
11 
6,996,966 
3,944,687 
Trade and other receivables 
12 
1,291,458 
2,731,617 
Tax recoverable 
8 
- 
535,868 
 
12,506,632 
27,618,430 
 
 
 
Non-current assets 
 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment 
13 
347,135 
5,902,486 
Development of software 
15 
- 
- 
Financial assets, at FVOCI 
16 
628,728 
687,690 
 
975,863 
6,590,176 
Total assets 
 
13,482,495 
34,208,606 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
17 
197,111 
1,712,890 
Lease liabilities 
18 
127,133 
764,607 
Bank borrowing 
19 
- 
342,513 
Current income tax liabilities 
8 
- 
184,100 
Contract liabilities 
20 
- 
8,731,221 
Redeemable participating shares 
21 
- 
- 
 
324,244 
11,735,331 
 
 
 
Non-current liabilities 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
17 
- 
169,460 
Lease liabilities 
18 
97,802 
3,489,124 
Bank borrowing 
19 
- 
57,086 
Contract liabilities 
20 
- 
1,296,564 
 
97,802 
5,012,234 
Total liabilities 
 
422,046 
16,747,565 
 
 
 
NET ASSETS 
 
13,060,449 
17,461,041 
 
 
 
EQUITY 
Capital and reserves attributable to owners of the Company 
 
 
 
Share capital 
22 
30,822,105 
33,731,412 
Treasury shares 
22 
(715,615) 
(209,883) 
Other reserves 
23 
(991,408) 
(14,953,905) 
Accumulated losses 
 
(16,054,633) 
(2,127,434) 
 
13,060,449 
16,440,190 
Non-controlling interests 
 
- 
1,020,851 
Total equity 
 
13,060,449 
17,461,041 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 
For personal use only

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION - COMPANY 
As at 31 March 2023 
 
 
 
32 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
 
 
Note 
2024 
2023 
 
S$ 
S$ 
ASSETS 
Current assets 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents 
10 
4,125,428 
7,567,233 
Financial assets, at FVPL 
11 
6,996,966 
2,493,367 
Trade and other receivables 
12 
582,006 
511,664 
 
11,704,400 
10,572,264 
 
 
 
Non-current assets 
 
 
 
Investments in subsidiaries 
14 
730,769 
18,944,445 
Financial assets, at FVOCI 
16 
628,728 
628,728 
 
1,359,497 
19,573,173 
Total assets 
 
13,063,897 
30,145,437 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
17 
1,396,190 
8,801,847 
Total liabilities 
 
1,396,190 
8,801,847 
 
 
 
NET ASSETS 
 
11,667,707 
21,343,590 
 
 
 
EQUITY 
Capital and reserves attributable to owners of the Company 
 
 
 
Share capital 
22 
30,822,105 
33,731,412 
Treasury shares 
22 
(715,615) 
(209,883) 
Other reserves 
23 
(424,413) 
(2,511,668) 
Accumulated losses 
 
(18,014,370) 
(9,666,271) 
Total equity 
 
11,667,707 
21,343,590 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.
For personal use only

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
33 
 
Attributable to owners of the Company 
 
 
Group 
Share  
capital 
 
 
Treasury 
shares 
Fair value 
reserve 
Currency 
translation 
reserve 
 
 
Capital  
reserve 
 
Employee 
share plan 
reserve 
Accumulated 
losses 
Total 
Non-
controlling 
interests 
Total 
equity 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At 1 April 2023 
33,731,412 
(209,883) 
(12,260,086) 
(637,899) 
(2,619,240) 
563,320 
(2,127,434) 
16,440,190 
1,020,851 
17,461,041 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss for the year 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(2,200,931) 
(2,200,931)
(755,993) 
(2,956,924) 
Other comprehensive loss for the year 
- 
- 
(5,121) 
137,090 
- 
- 
- 
131,969 
24,048 
156,017 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 
- 
- 
(5,121) 
137,090 
- 
- 
(2,200,931) 
(2,068,962)
(731,945) 
(2,800,907) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital reduction and disposal of subsidiaries (Note 10) (2,909,307) 
- 
11,821,794 
(47,186) 
2,619,240 
(563,320) (11,726,268) 
(805,047)
(288,906) 
(1,093,953) 
Share buyback 
- 
(505,732) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(505,732)
- 
(505,732) 
Total transactions with owners of the Company, 
recognised directly in equity 
 
(2,909,307) 
 
(505,732) 
 
11,821,794 
 
(47,186) 
 
2,619,240 
 
(563,320) 
 
(11,726,268) 
 
(1,310,779)
 
(288,906) 
 
(1,599,685) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
End of financial year 
30,822,105 
(715,615) 
(443,413) 
(547,995) 
- 
- 
(16,054,633) 
13,060,449 
- 
13,060,449 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.  
 
r personal use only

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (continued) 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
34 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Attributable to owners of the Company 
 
 
Group 
Share  
capital 
 
 
Treasury 
shares 
Fair value 
reserve 
Currency 
translation 
reserve 
 
 
Capital  
reserve 
 
Employee 
share plan 
reserve 
Accumulated 
profits/ 
(losses) 
Total 
Non-
controlling 
interests 
Total 
equity 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
2023 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At 1 April 2022 
33,731,412 
(209,883) (11,395,395) 
(572,635) 
(2,229,579) 
1,751,284 
10,406,223 
31,481,427 
3,311,085 
34,792,512 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss for the year 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(14,930,106) 
(14,930,106) 
(2,345,492) (17,275,598) 
Other comprehensive loss for the year 
- 
- 
(864,691) 
(113,831) 
- 
- 
- 
(978,522) 
(120,191) 
(1,098,713) 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 
- 
- 
(864,691) 
(113,831) 
- 
- 
(14,930,106) 
(15,908,628) 
(2,465,683) (18,374,311) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Value of employee services 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,138,548 
- 
1,138,548 
10,797 
1,149,345 
Waiver of performance rights & options 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(2,326,512) 
2,390,871 
64,359 
(64,359) 
- 
Dilution of subsidiaries without change in control 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(335,516) 
- 
- 
(335,516) 
202,780 
(132,736) 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
- 
- 
- 
48,567 
(54,145) 
- 
5,578 
- 
26,231 
26,231 
Total transactions with owners of the Company, 
recognised directly in equity 
 
- 
 
- 
 
- 
 
48,567 
 
(389,661) 
 
(1,187,964) 
 
2,396,449 
 
867,391 
 
175,449 
 
1,042,840 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
End of financial year 
33,731,412 
(209,883) (12,260,086) 
(637,899) 
(2,619,240) 
563,320 
(2,127,434) 
16,440,190 
1,020,851 
17,461,041 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 
r personal use only

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY – COMPANY 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
35 
 
Attributable to owners of the Company 
Company 
Share  
capital 
 
Treasury 
shares 
Fair value 
reserve 
 
Capital  
reserve 
Employee 
share plan 
reserve 
Accumulated 
losses 
Total 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
33,731,412 
(209,883) 
(872,822) 
(1,638,846) 
- 
(9,666,271) 
21,343,590 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss for the year 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(6,260,844) 
(6,260,844) 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(6,260,844) 
(6,260,844) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital reduction and disposal of subsidiaries 
(2,909,307) 
- 
448,409 
1,638,846 
- 
(2,087,255) 
(2,909,307) 
Share buyback 
- 
(505,732) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(505,732) 
Total transactions with owners of the Company, recognised directly in equity 
 
(2,909,307) 
 
(505,732) 
 
448,409 
 
1,638,846 
 
- 
 
(2,087,255) 
 
(3,415,039) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
End of financial year 
30,822,105 
(715,615) 
(424,413) 
- 
- 
(18,014,370) 
11,667,707 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements.  
 
r personal use only

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY – COMPANY (continued) 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
36 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Attributable to owners of the Company 
Company 
Share  
capital 
 
Treasury 
shares 
Fair value 
reserve 
 
Capital  
reserve 
Employee 
share plan 
reserve 
Accumulated 
losses 
Total 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
2023 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
33,731,412 
(209,883) 
(1,072,073) 
(1,638,846) 
986,155 
(1,793,802) 
30,002,963 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss for the year 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(8,073,103) 
(8,073,103) 
Other comprehensive loss for the year 
- 
- 
(1,684,216) 
- 
- 
- 
(1,684,216) 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 
- 
- 
(1,684,216) 
- 
- 
(8,073,103) 
(9,757,319) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Value of employee services 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,097,946 
- 
1,097,946 
Waiver of performance rights & options 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(2,084,101) 
2,084,101 
- 
Disposal of FVOCI 
- 
- 
1,883,467 
- 
- 
(1,883,467) 
- 
Total transactions with owners of the Company, recognised directly in equity 
 
- 
 
- 
 
1,883,467 
 
- 
 
(986,155) 
 
200,634 
 
1,097,946 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
End of financial year 
33,731,412 
(209,883) 
(872,822) 
(1,638,846) 
- 
(9,666,271) 
21,343,590 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 
r personal use only

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
37 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Note 
2024 
2023 
 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
Cash flows from operating activities 
 
 
 
Profit/(loss) before income tax from continuing operations 
 
92,403 
(3,636,853) 
Loss before income tax from discontinued operations 
 
(3,162,044) 
(12,921,536) 
Loss before income tax 
 
(3,069,641) 
(16,558,389) 
Adjustments for: 
 
 
 
- Gain on disposal of subsidiaries 
 
- 
(35,459) 
- Net fair value (gain)/loss of investment securities held at fair value through profit or 
loss 
 
 
 
  - continuing operations 
4 
(628,045) 
1,859,910 
  - discontinued operations 
 
- 
888,868 
- Net loss on disposal of investment securities held at fair value through profit or loss 
 
 
 
  - discontinued operations 
 
- 
2,961,556 
- Dividend income 
 
 
 
  - continuing operations 
4 
(79,354) 
(20,246) 
  - discontinued operations 
 
- 
(131,979) 
- Interest income 
 
 
 
  - continuing operations 
5 
(226,104) 
(70,552) 
  - discontinued operations 
 
(7,828) 
(270,068) 
- Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
 
 
 
  - continuing operations 
6 
214,174 
212,183 
  - discontinued operations 
6 
666,039 
1,415,903 
- Amortisation of development of software 
6 
- 
1,116,553 
- Property, plant and equipment written off 
6 
34,874 
20,771 
- Bad debt written off 
6 
- 
89,727 
- Credit loss allowance 
6 
- 
(17,451) 
- Impairment of development of software 
6 
- 
1,684,011 
- Finance costs 
 
78,833 
152,543 
- Employee share plan expense 
7 
- 
1,149,345 
  - Share of loss attributable to the unit holders of redeemable participating shares 
21 
- 
(1,592,197) 
  - Share of loss of associate 
 
235,500 
- 
  - Loss on disposal of associate 
 
5,276 
- 
- Non-cash shares compensation to non-controlling interest 
 
- 
250,000 
- Reversal of legal compensation receivable 
6 
- 
510,631 
- Exchange differences 
 
339,297 
24,807 
 
 
(2,436,979) 
(6,359,533) 
Change in working capital, net of effects from disposal of subsidiaries: 
 
 
 
- Trade and other receivables 
 
(401,091) 
640,163 
- Financial assets, at FVPL 
 
(3,589,861) 
15,040,579 
- Trade and other payables 
 
611,489 
(2,146,552) 
- Contract liabilities 
 
(4,336,769) 
(3,523,732) 
Cash (used in)/generated from operations 
 
(10,153,211) 
3,650,925 
Interest received 
 
233,932 
444,642 
Dividend received 
 
79,354 
152,225 
Income tax paid  
8(b) 
(138,357) 
(604,252) 
Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities 
 
(9,978,282) 
3,643,540 
 
 
 
Cash flows from investing activities 
 
 
 
Acquisition of non-controlling interest without a change in control 
 
(70,000) 
(392,446) 
Net proceeds from disposal of subsidiaries 
 
(4,914,213) 
(44,684) 
Additions to property, plant and equipment 
13 
- 
(220,744) 
Additions to development of software 
15 
- 
(1,375,212) 
Additions of financial assets through other comprehensive income 
16 
- 
(356,855) 
Net cash used in investing activities 
 
(4,984,213) 
(2,389,941) 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 
 
For personal use only

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (continued) 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
38 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Note 
2024 
2023 
 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
Cash flows from financing activities 
 
 
 
Shares buy-back 
22 
(505,732) 
- 
Payment of principal portion of lease liabilities 
18 
(517,629) 
(807,684) 
Interest paid 
 
(78,833) 
(152,543) 
Repayment of bank borrowing 
 
(198,038) 
(331,571) 
Net proceeds from fund’s non-controlling unit holders 
21 
- 
(5,386,701) 
Net cash used in financing activities 
 
(1,300,232) 
(6,678,499) 
 
 
 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
 
(16,262,727) 
(5,424,900) 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
 
20,406,258 
26,348,010 
Effects of currency translation on cash and cash equivalents 
 
74,677 
(516,852) 
End of financial year 
 
4,218,208 
20,406,258 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
39 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
These notes form an integral part of and should be read in 
conjunction with the accompanying financial statements. 
 
1. Corporate information 
 
8I HOLDINGS LIMITED (the “Company”) is listed on the Australian 
Securities Exchange and incorporated and domiciled in Singapore. 
The address of its registered office and principal place of business 
is 1557 Keppel Road #01-01 Singapore 089066.  
 
The principal activities of the Company is management 
consultancy services and investment holding. The principal 
activities of its subsidiaries are disclosed in Note 14 to the 
financial statements.  
 
 
2. Material accounting policies 
 
2.1 Basis of preparation 
 
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance 
with Financial Reporting Standards in Singapore (“FRSs”) under 
the historical cost basis, except as disclosed in the accounting 
policies below. 
 
The preparation of Group consolidation financial statements in 
conformity with FRSs requires management to exercise its 
judgement in the process of applying the Group’s accounting 
policies. It also requires the use of certain critical accounting 
estimates and assumptions. The areas involving a higher degree 
of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and 
estimates are significant to the financial statements are disclosed 
in Note 3. 
 
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared on 
the basis that it will continue to operate as a going concern. 
 
Interpretations and amendments to published standards 
effective in 2023 
 
On 1 April 2023, the Group has adopted the new or amended FRSs 
and Interpretations of FRSs (“INT FRSs”) that are mandatory for 
application for the financial year. Changes to the Group’s 
accounting policies have been made as required, in accordance 
with the transitional provisions in the respective FRSs and INT 
FRSs.  
 
The adoption of these new or amended FRSs and INT FRSs did not 
result in substantial changes to the Group’s accounting policies 
and had no material effect on the amounts reported for the 
current or prior financial years.  
 
2.2 Gains and income recognition 
 
Investment gains and losses are recognized in the income 
statement when the investments are derecognized or impaired, 
and through the periodic revaluation of financial assets held at 
fair value. The company classifies its investments in accordance 
with FRS 109 Financial Instruments. 
 
(a) 
Interest income 
 
Interest income is recognised using the effective interest 
method.  
 
(b) 
Dividend income 
 
Dividend income is recognised when the right to receive 
payment is established. It is probable that the economic 
benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Group, 
and the amount of the dividend can be reliably measured. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
40 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
2.   Material accounting policies (continued) 
 
2.3 Group accounting 
 
(a) 
Subsidiaries  
 
(i)  Consolidation 
 
Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured 
entities) over which the Group has control. The Group 
controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has 
rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the 
entity and has the ability to affect those returns through 
its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully 
consolidated from the date on which control is 
transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from 
the date on that control ceases. 
 
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, 
transactions, balances and unrealised gains on 
transactions between group entities are eliminated. 
Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the 
transaction provides evidence of an impairment 
indicator of the transferred asset. Accounting policies of 
subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to 
ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the 
Group. 
 
Non-controlling interests comprise the portion of a 
subsidiary’s net results of operations and its net assets, 
which is attributable to the interests that are not owned 
directly or indirectly by the equity holders of the 
Company. They are shown separately in the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income, 
statement of changes in equity, and consolidated 
statement of financial position. Total comprehensive 
income is attributed to the non-controlling interests 
based on their respective interests in a subsidiary, even 
if this results in the non-controlling interests having a 
deficit balance.  
 
(ii) Acquisitions  
 
The acquisition method of accounting is used to account 
for business combinations entered into by the Group.  
 
The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a 
subsidiary or business comprises the fair value of the 
assets transferred, the liabilities incurred and the equity 
interests issued by the Group. The consideration 
transferred also includes any contingent consideration 
arrangement and any pre-existing equity interest in the 
subsidiary measured at their fair values at the 
acquisition date.  
 
Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. 
 
 
 
 
Identifiable 
assets 
acquired 
and 
liabilities 
and 
contingent liabilities assumed in a business combination 
are, with limited exceptions, measured initially at their 
fair values at the acquisition date.  
 
On an acquisition-by-acquisition basis, the Group 
recognises any non-controlling interest in the acquiree 
at the date of acquisition either at fair value or at the 
non-controlling interest’s proportionate share of the 
acquiree’s identifiable net assets.  
 
The excess of (a) the consideration transferred, the 
amount of any non-controlling interest in the acquiree 
and the acquisition-date fair value of any previous 
equity interest in the acquiree over the (b) fair value of 
the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as 
goodwill.  
 
(iii)  Disposals 
 
When a change in the Group’s ownership interest in a 
subsidiary results in a loss of control over the subsidiary, 
the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary including any 
goodwill 
are 
derecognised. 
Amounts 
previously 
recognised in other comprehensive income in respect 
of that entity are also reclassified to profit or loss or 
transferred directly to retained earnings if required by a 
specific Standard.  
 
Any retained equity interest in the entity is remeasured 
at fair value. The difference between the carrying 
amount of the retained interest at the date when 
control is lost and its fair value is recognised in profit or 
loss. 
 
Please refer to the paragraph “Investments in 
subsidiaries and associated companies” for the 
accounting policy on investments in subsidiaries in the 
separate financial statements of the Company. 
 
(b) 
Transactions with non-controlling interests 
 
 
Changes in the Group’s ownership interest in a subsidiary 
that do not result in a loss of control over the subsidiary are 
accounted for as transactions with equity owners of the 
Company. Any difference between the change in the 
carrying amounts of the non-controlling interest and the fair 
value of the consideration paid or received is recognised 
within equity attributable to the equity holders of the 
Company. 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
41 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
2. Material accounting policies (continued) 
 
2.3 Group accounting (continued) 
 
(c) 
Associated companies 
 
Associated companies are entities over which the Group has 
significant 
influence, 
but 
not 
control, 
generally 
accompanied by a shareholding giving rise to voting rights 
of 20% and above but not exceeding 50%.  
 
Investments in associated companies is accounted for in the 
consolidated financial statements using the equity method 
of accounting less impairment losses, if any. 
 
(i) Acquisitions  
 
Investments in associated companies is initially 
recognised at cost. The cost of an acquisition is 
measured at the fair value of the assets given, equity 
instruments issued or liabilities incurred or assumed at 
the date of exchange, plus costs directly attributable to 
the acquisition. Goodwill on associated companies 
represents the excess of the cost of acquisition of the 
associated company over the Group’s share of the fair 
value of the identifiable net assets of the associated 
company and is included in the carrying amount of the 
investments. 
 
(ii) Equity method of accounting 
 
Under the equity method of accounting, the 
investments are initially recognised at cost and adjusted 
thereafter to recognise Group’s share of its associated 
companies’ post-acquisition profits or losses of the 
investee in profit or loss and its share of movements in 
other comprehensive income of the investee’s other 
comprehensive 
income. 
Dividends 
received 
or 
receivable from the associated companies are 
recognised as a reduction of the carrying amount of the 
investments. When the Group’s share of losses in an 
associated company equals to or exceeds its interest in 
the associated company, the Group does not recognise 
further losses, unless it has legal or constructive 
obligations to make, or has made, payments on behalf 
of the associated company. If the associated company 
subsequently reports profits, the Group resumes 
recognising its share of those profits only after its share 
of the profits equals the share of losses not recognised. 
 
Unrealised gains on transactions between the Group 
and its associated companies are eliminated to the 
extent of the Group's interest in the associated 
companies. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless 
the transactions provide evidence of impairment of the 
assets 
transferred. 
The 
accounting 
policies 
of 
associated companies is changed where necessary to 
ensure consistency with the accounting policies 
adopted by the Group. 
 
 
 
(iii) Disposals 
 
Investments in associated companies is derecognised 
when the Group loses significant influence. If the 
retained equity interest in the former associated 
company is a financial asset, the retained equity 
interest is measured at fair value. The difference 
between the carrying amount of the retained interest at 
the date when significant influence is lost, and its fair 
value and any proceeds on partial disposal, is 
recognised in profit or loss. 
 
Please refer to the paragraph “Investments in 
subsidiaries and associated companies” for the 
accounting policy on investments in associated 
companies in the separate financial statements of the 
Company. 
 
2.4 Property, plant and equipment  
 
(a) 
Measurement 
 
(i) Property, plant and equipment  
 
Property, plant and equipment are initially recognised 
at cost and subsequently carried at cost less 
accumulated 
depreciation 
and 
accumulated 
impairment losses. 
 
(ii) Components of costs 
 
The cost of an item of property, plant and equipment 
initially recognised includes its purchase price and any 
cost that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to 
the location and condition necessary for it to be capable 
of operating in the manner intended by management. 
 
(b) 
Depreciation 
 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is calculated 
using the straight-line method to allocate their depreciable 
amounts over their estimated useful lives as follows: 
 
 
Useful lives 
Office premises 
1 to 7 years 
Office equipment 
1 to 3 years 
Furniture and fittings 
3 to 7 years 
Motor vehicles 
5 years 
 
The residual values, estimated useful lives and depreciation 
method of property, plant and equipment are reviewed, 
and adjusted as appropriate, at each reporting date. The 
effects of any revision are recognised in profit or loss when 
the changes arise. 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
42 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
2. Material accounting policies (continued) 
 
2.4 Property, plant and equipment (continued) 
 
(c) 
Subsequent expenditure 
 
Subsequent expenditure relating to property, plant and 
equipment that has already been recognised is added to the 
carrying amount of the asset only when it is probable that 
future economic benefits associated with the item will flow 
to the entity and the cost of the item can be measured 
reliably. All other repair and maintenance expenses are 
recognised in profit or loss when incurred. 
 
(d) 
Disposal  
 
On disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment, 
the difference between the disposal proceeds and its 
carrying amount is recognised in profit or loss within “other 
gains”.  
 
2.5 Intangible assets 
 
Development of software 
 
Research costs are recognised as an expense when incurred. Costs 
directly attributable to the development of VI App and CRM 
system are capitalised as intangible assets only when technical 
feasibility of the project is demonstrated, the Group has an 
intention and ability to complete and use the software and the 
costs can be measured reliably. Such costs include purchases of 
materials and services and payroll-related costs of employees 
directly involved in the project and are amortised over their 
estimated useful lives of 2 years. 
 
2.6 Investments in subsidiaries and associated 
companies 
 
Investments in subsidiaries and associated companies are carried 
at cost less accumulated impairment losses in the Company’s 
statement of financial position. On disposal of such investments, 
the difference between disposal proceeds and the carrying 
amounts of the investments are recognised in profit or loss. 
 
2.7   Impairment of non-financial assets  
 
Intangible assets – Development of software 
Property, plant and equipment 
Right-of-use assets 
Investments in subsidiaries and associated companies 
 
Intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, right-of-use 
assets and investments in subsidiaries and associated companies 
are tested for impairment whenever there is any objective 
evidence or indication that these assets may be impaired. 
 
  
 
For the purpose of impairment testing, the recoverable amount 
(i.e. the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value-in-
use) is determined on an individual asset basis unless the asset 
does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of 
those from other assets. If this is the case, the recoverable 
amount is determined for the CGU to which the asset belongs. 
 
If the recoverable amount of the asset (or CGU) is estimated to be 
less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or 
CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. 
 
The difference between the carrying amount and recoverable 
amount is recognised as an impairment loss in profit or loss. 
 
For an asset other than goodwill, management assesses at the 
end of the reporting period whether there is any indication that 
an impairment recognised in prior periods may no longer exist or 
may have decreased. If any such indication exists, the recoverable 
amount of that asset is estimated and may result in a reversal of 
impairment loss. The carrying amount of this asset is increased to 
its revised recoverable amount, provided that this amount does 
not exceed the carrying amount that would have been 
determined 
(net 
of 
any 
accumulated 
amortisation 
or 
depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognised for the 
asset in prior years. 
 
A reversal of impairment loss for an asset other than goodwill is 
recognised in profit or loss, unless the asset is carried at revalued 
amount, in which case, such reversal is treated as a revaluation 
increase. However, to the extent that an impairment loss on the 
same revalued asset was previously recognised as an expense, a 
reversal of that impairment is also recognised in profit or loss. 
 
2.8  Financial assets 
 
 (a)  Classification and measurement 
 
The Group classifies its financial assets in the following 
measurement categories: 
 
• Amortised cost; 
• Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI); 
and 
• Fair value through profit or loss (FVPL). 
 
The classification depends on the Group’s business model 
for managing the financial assets as well as the contractual 
terms of the cash flows of the financial asset. 
 
The Group reclassifies debt investments when and only 
when its business model for managing those assets changes. 
  
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
43 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
2.  Material accounting policies (continued) 
 
2.8  Financial assets (continued) 
 
 (a)  Classification and measurement (continued) 
 
At initial recognition 
 
At initial recognition, the Group measures a financial asset at its 
fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not at fair value 
through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly 
attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Transaction 
costs of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss 
are expensed in profit or loss. 
 
At subsequent measurement 
 
(i)  
Debt instruments 
 
Debt instruments mainly comprise of cash and cash equivalents 
and trade and other receivables. 
 
There are three subsequent measurement categories, depending 
on the Group’s business model for managing the asset and the 
contractual cash flow characteristics of the asset: 
 
• 
Amortised cost: Debt instruments that are held for 
collection of contractual cash flows where those cash flows 
represent solely payments of principal and interest are measured 
at amortised cost. A gain or loss on a debt investment that is 
subsequently measured at amortised cost and is not part of a 
hedging relationship is recognised in profit or loss when the asset 
is derecognised or impaired. Interest income from these financial 
assets is included in other income and presented as interest 
income, using the effective interest rate method. 
 
• 
FVOCI: Debt instruments that are held for collection of 
contractual cash flows and for sale, and where the assets’ cash 
flows represent solely payments of principal and interest, are 
classified as FVOCI. Movements in fair values are recognised in 
Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) and accumulated in fair value 
reserve, except for the recognition of impairment gains or losses, 
interest income and foreign exchange gains and losses, which are 
recognised in profit and loss. When the financial asset is 
derecognised, the cumulative gain or loss previously recognised 
in OCI is reclassified from equity to profit or loss and presented in 
“other gains and(losses)”. Interest income from these financial 
assets is recognised using the effective interest rate method and 
presented in “interest income”. 
 
• 
FVPL: Debt instruments that are held for trading as well as 
those that do not meet the criteria for classification as amortised 
cost or FVOCI are classified as FVPL. Movement in fair values and 
interest income that is not part of a hedging relationship is 
recognised in profit or loss in the period in which it arises and 
presented in “other gains and(losses)”. 
 
  
 
(ii)  Equity instruments 
 
The Group subsequently measures all its equity investments 
at their fair values. Equity investments are classified as FVPL 
with movements in their fair values recognised in profit or loss 
in the period in which the changes arise and presented in 
“other gains and losses”, except for those equity securities 
which are not held for trading. The Group has elected to 
recognise changes in fair value of equity securities not held 
for trading in other comprehensive income as these are 
strategic investments and the Group considers this to be more 
relevant.  
 
Movements in fair values of investments classified as FVOCI 
are presented as “fair value gains and losses” in Other 
Comprehensive Income. Dividends from equity investments 
are recognised in profit or loss as “dividend income”. 
 
(c)  
Impairment 
 
The Group assesses on a forward looking basis the expected 
credit losses associated with its debt financial assets carried 
at amortised cost and FVOCI. The impairment methodology 
applied depends on whether there has been a significant 
increase in credit risk. 
 
For trade receivables, the Group applies the simplified 
approach permitted by the FRS 109, which requires 
expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial 
recognition of the receivables. 
 
(d)  Recognition and derecognition 
 
Regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are 
recognised on trade date – the date on which the Group 
commits to purchase or sell the asset. 
 
Financial assets are derecognised when the rights to receive 
cash flows from the financial assets have expired or have 
been transferred and the Group has transferred 
substantially all risks and rewards of ownership. 
 
On disposal of a debt instrument, the difference between 
the carrying amount and the sale proceeds is recognised in 
profit or loss. Any amount previously recognised in other 
comprehensive income relating to that asset is reclassified 
to profit or loss. 
 
On disposal of an equity investment, the difference 
between the carrying amount and sales proceed is 
recognised in profit or loss if there was no election made to 
recognise fair value changes in other comprehensive 
income. If there was an election made, any difference 
between the carrying amount and sales proceed amount 
would be recognised in other comprehensive income and 
transferred to retained profits along with the amount 
previously recognised in other comprehensive income 
relating to that asset. 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
44 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
2. 
Material accounting policies (continued) 
 
2.9 Offsetting of financial instruments  
 
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount 
reported in the consolidated statement of financial position when 
there is a legally enforceable right to offset and there is an 
intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the 
liability simultaneously.  
 
2.10 Borrowings  
 
Borrowings are presented as current liabilities unless the Group 
has an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least 12 
months after the balance sheet date, in which case they are 
presented as non-current liabilities.  
 
Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value (net of transaction 
costs) and subsequently carried at amortised cost. Any difference 
between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the 
redemption value is recognised in profit or loss over the period of 
the borrowings using the effective interest method. 
 
2.11 Trade and other payables 
 
Trade and other payables represent liabilities for goods and 
services provided to the Group prior to the end of financial year 
which are unpaid. They are classified as current liabilities if 
payment is due within one year or less (or in the normal operating 
cycle of the business if longer). Otherwise, they are presented as 
non-current liabilities. 
 
Trade and other payables are initially recognised at fair value, and 
subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method. 
 
2.12 Fair value estimation of financial assets and 
liabilities 
 
The fair values of financial instruments traded in active markets 
(such as exchange-traded and over-the-counter securities and 
derivatives) are based on quoted market prices at the reporting 
date. The quoted market prices used for financial assets are the 
current bid prices; the appropriate quoted market prices used for 
financial liabilities are the current asking prices.  
 
The fair values of financial instruments that are not traded in an 
active market are determined by using valuation techniques. The 
Group uses a variety of methods and makes assumptions based 
on market conditions that are existing at each reporting date. 
Where appropriate, quoted market prices or dealer quotes for 
similar instruments are used. Valuation techniques, such as 
discounted cash flow analysis, are also used to determine the fair 
values of the financial instruments. 
 
  
 
2.13 Leases 
 
(a) 
When the Group is the lessee:  
 
At the inception of the contract, the Group assesses if the 
contract contains a lease. A contract contains a lease if the 
contract convey the right to control the use of an identified 
asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. 
Reassessment is only required when the terms and 
conditions of the contract are changed. 
 
• 
Right-of-use assets  
 
The Group recognised a right-of-use asset and lease 
liability at the date which the underlying asset is 
available for use. Right-of-use assets are measured at 
cost which comprises the initial measurement of lease 
liabilities adjusted for any lease payments made at or 
before the commencement date and lease incentive 
received. Any initial direct costs that would not have 
been incurred if the lease had not been obtained are 
added to the carrying amount of the right-of-use assets.  
 
These right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated 
using 
the 
straight-line 
method 
from 
the 
commencement date to the earlier of the end of the 
useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the 
lease term. 
 
Right-of-use assets (except for those which meets the 
definition of an investment property) are presented 
within “Property, plant and equipment”.  
 
• 
Lease liabilities  
 
The initial measurement of lease liability is measured at 
the present value of the lease payments discounted 
using the implicit rate in the lease, if the rate can be 
readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily 
determined, the Group shall use its incremental 
borrowing rate.  
 
Lease payments include the following: 
 
 - 
Fixed 
payment (including 
in-substance 
fixed 
payments), less any lease incentives receivables;  
 
-  
Variable lease payment that are based on an index 
or rate, initially measured using the index or rate as 
at the commencement date;  
 
-  
Amount expected to be payable under residual 
value guarantees; 
 
-  
The exercise price of a purchase option if is 
reasonably certain to exercise the option; and  
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
45 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
2. 
Material accounting policies (continued) 
 
2.13 Leases (continued) 
 
(a)  When The Group is the lessee (continued) 
 
• 
Lease liabilities (continued) 
 
- 
Payment of penalties for terminating the lease, if 
the lease term reflects the Group exercising that 
option.  
 
For contract that contain both lease and non-lease 
components, the Group allocates the consideration to 
each lease component on the basis of the relative stand-
alone price of the lease and non-lease component. The 
Group has elected to not separate lease and non lease 
component for property leases and account these as 
one single lease component. 
 
Lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the 
effective interest method. Lease liability shall be 
remeasured when:  
 
-  There is a change in future lease payments arising 
from changes in an index or rate;  
 
-  There is a changes in the Group’s assessment of 
whether it will exercise an extension option; or  
 
-  There are modification in the scope or the 
consideration of the lease that was not part of the 
original term.  
 
Lease liability is remeasured with a corresponding 
adjustment to the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in 
profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use 
asset has been reduced to zero. 
 
• 
Short term and low value leases  
 
The Group has elected to not recognised right-of-use 
assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that 
have lease terms of 12 months or less and leases of low 
value leases, except for sublease arrangements. Lease 
payments relating to these leases are expensed to profit 
or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 
 
(b) 
When the Group is the lessor:  
 
The accounting policy applicable to the Group as a lessor in 
the comparative period were the same under FRS 16 except 
when the Group is an intermediate lessor.  
 
 
 
In classifying a sublease, the Group as an intermediate 
lessor classifies the sublease as a finance or an operating 
lease with reference to the right of-use asset arising from 
the head lease, rather than the underlying asset.  
 
When the sublease is assessed as a finance lease, the Group 
derecognises the right-of-use asset relating to the head 
lease that it transfers to the sublessee and recognised the 
net investment in the sublease within “Trade and other 
receivables”. Any differences between the right-of-use  
asset derecognised and the net investment in sublease is 
recognised in profit or loss. Lease liability relating to the 
head lease is retained in the balance sheet, which 
represents the lease payments owed to the head lessor.  
 
When the sublease is assessed as an operating lease, the 
Group recognise lease income from sublease in profit or loss 
within “Other income”. The right-of-use asset relating to the 
head lease is not derecognised.  
 
For contract which contains lease and non-lease 
components, the Group allocates the consideration based 
on a relative stand-alone selling price basis. 
 
2.14 Income taxes  
 
Current income tax for current and prior periods is recognised at 
the amount expected to be paid to or recovered from the tax 
authorities, using the tax rates and tax laws that have been 
enacted or substantively enacted at the end of reporting period. 
Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns 
with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is 
subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions, where 
appropriate, on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the 
tax authorities. 
 
Deferred income tax is recognised for all temporary differences 
arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their 
carrying amounts in the financial statements except when the 
deferred income tax arises from the initial recognition of goodwill 
or an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business 
combination and affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or 
loss at the time of the transaction. 
 
A deferred income tax liability is recognised on temporary 
differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associated 
companies, except where the Group is able to control the timing 
of the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that 
the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable 
future. 
 
A deferred income tax asset is recognised to the extent that it is 
probable that future taxable profit will be available against which 
the deductible temporary differences and tax losses can be 
utilised.  
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
46 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
2. Material accounting policies (continued) 
 
2.14 Income taxes (continued) 
 
Deferred income tax is measured: 
 
(i) 
at the tax rates that are expected to apply when the related 
deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred income 
tax liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that 
have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of 
the reporting period; and 
 
(ii) 
based on the tax consequence that will follow from the 
manner in which the Group expects, at the end of the 
reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amounts 
of its assets and liabilities.  
 
Current and deferred income taxes are recognised as income or 
expense in profit or loss, except to the extent that the tax arises 
from a business combination or a transaction which is recognised 
directly in equity. Deferred tax arising from a business 
combination is adjusted against goodwill on acquisition. 
 
The Group accounts for investment tax credits (for example, 
productivity and innovative credit) similar to accounting for other 
tax credits where deferred tax asset is recognised for unused tax 
credits to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit 
will be available against which the unused tax credit can be 
utilised.  
 
2.15 Employee compensation 
 
Employee benefits are recognised as an expense, unless the cost 
qualifies to be capitalised as an asset. 
 
Defined contribution plans 
 
Defined contribution plans are post-employment benefit plans 
under which the Group pays fixed contributions into separate 
entities such as the Central Provident Fund on a mandatory, 
contractual or voluntary basis. The Group has no further payment 
obligations once the contributions have been paid. 
 
Employee share plan 
 
The Group operates an equity-settled, share-based compensation 
plan. The value of the employee services received in exchange for 
the grant of options is recognised as an expense with a 
corresponding increase in the employee share plan reserve over 
the vesting period. The total amount to be recognised over the 
vesting period is determined by reference to the fair value of the 
options granted on grant date. Non-market vesting conditions are  
included in the estimation of the number of shares under options 
that are expected to become exercisable on the vesting date.  
 
 
 
 
At each balance sheet date, the Group revises its estimates of the 
number of shares under options that are expected to become 
exercisable on the vesting date and recognises the impact of the 
revision of the estimates in profit or loss, with a corresponding 
adjustment to the employee share plan reserve over the 
remaining vesting period.  
 
When the options are exercised, the proceeds received (net of 
transaction costs) and the related balance previously recognised 
in the employee share plan reserve are credited to the share 
capital account, when new ordinary shares are issued, or to the 
“treasury shares” account, when treasury shares are re-issued to 
the employees. 
 
2.16 Currency translation  
 
(a) 
Functional and presentation currency 
 
Items included in the financial statements of each entity in 
the Group are measured using the currency of the primary 
economic environment in which the entity operates 
(“functional currency”). The financial statements are 
presented in Singapore Dollars, which is the functional 
currency of the Company. 
 
(b) 
Transactions and balances 
 
Transactions in a currency other than the functional 
currency (“foreign currency”) are translated into the 
functional currency using the exchange rates at the dates of 
the transactions. Currency exchange differences resulting 
from the settlement of such transactions and from the 
translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated 
in foreign currencies at the closing rates at the balance 
sheet date are recognised in profit or loss. Monetary items 
include primarily financial assets (other than equity 
investments), contract assets and financial liabilities. 
However, in the consolidated financial statements, currency 
translation differences arising from borrowings in foreign 
currencies and other currency instruments designated and 
qualifying as net investment hedges and net investment in 
foreign operations, are recognised in other comprehensive 
income and accumulated in the currency translation 
reserve.  
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
47 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
2. Material accounting policies (continued) 
 
2.16 Currency translation (continued) 
 
(c) 
Translation of Group entities’ financial statements 
 
The results and financial position of all the Group entities 
(none of which has the currency of a hyperinflationary 
economy) that have a functional currency different from the 
presentation currency are translated into the presentation 
currency as follows: 
 
(i) 
assets and liabilities are translated at the closing 
exchange rates at the reporting date; 
 
(ii) 
income and expenses are translated at average 
exchange rates (unless the average is not a reasonable 
approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates 
prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case 
income and expenses are translated using the 
exchange rates at the dates of the transactions); and 
 
(iii) 
all resulting currency translation differences are 
recognised in other comprehensive income and 
accumulated in the currency translation reserve. 
These currency translation differences are reclassified 
to profit or loss on disposal or partial disposal with 
loss of control of the foreign operation.  
 
Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the 
acquisition of foreign operations are treated as assets and 
liabilities of the foreign operations and translated at the 
closing rates at the reporting date. 
 
2.17 Segment reporting 
 
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the 
internal reporting provided to the executive committee whose 
members are responsible for allocating resources and assessing 
performance of the operating segments. 
 
2.18 Cash and cash equivalents 
 
For the purpose of presentation in the consolidated statement of 
cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash at bank, cash 
on hand and deposits with financial institutions which are subject 
to an insignificant risk of change in value.  
 
 
 
2.19 Share capital and treasury shares 
 
Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly 
attributable to the issuance of new ordinary shares are deducted 
against the share capital account.  
 
When any entity within the Group purchases the Company’s 
ordinary shares (“treasury shares”), the carrying amount which 
includes the consideration paid and any directly attributable 
transaction cost is presented as a component within equity 
attributable to the Company’s equity holders, until they are 
cancelled, sold or reissued. 
 
When treasury shares are subsequently cancelled, the cost of 
treasury shares are deducted against the share capital account if 
the shares are purchased out of capital of the Company, or against 
the retained profits of the Company if the shares are purchased 
out of earnings of the Company. 
 
When treasury shares are subsequently sold or reissued pursuant 
to an employee share option scheme, the cost of treasury shares 
is reversed from the treasury share account and the realised gain 
or loss on sale or reissue, net of any directly attributable 
incremental transaction costs and related income tax, is 
recognised in the capital reserve. 
 
2.20 Redeemable participating shares 
 
Redeemable participating shares are redeemable at the option of 
the unit holders and providing the investors with the right to 
require redemption for cash at the value proportionate to the 
investor’s share in the fund’s net assets. Profit/(losses) 
attributable to the holders of redeemable participating shares 
were recorded as part of the liabilities of redeemable 
participating shares. 
 
2.21 Discontinued operations 
 
A discontinued operation is a component of an entity that either 
has been disposed of, or that is classified as held-for-sale and:  
 
(a) 
represents a separate major line of business or geographical 
area of operations; or  
 
(b) 
is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a separate 
major line of business or geographical area of operations; or  
 
(c) 
is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale.  
 
2.22 Contract liabilities 
 
Contract liabilities represent advances collected from the 
customers before the Group’s performance obligations to deliver 
the services are satisfied. Contract liabilities are recognised as 
revenue as and when the performance obligations are satisfied. 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
48 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
3. Critical accounting estimates, 
assumptions and judgements 
 
Estimates, assumptions and judgements are continually 
evaluated and are based on historical experience and other 
factors, including expectations of future events that are believed 
to be reasonable under the circumstances. 
 
3.1 Critical judgements in applying the entity’s 
accounting policies  
 
a. 
Determination of lease term of contracts with extension 
options 
 
As at 31 March 2024, the Group’s lease liabilities, which are 
measured with reference to an estimate of the lease term, 
amounted to S$224,935 (2023: S$4,253,730), of which S$Nil 
(2023: 2,247,084) arose from extension options. Extension 
option is included in the lease term if the lease is reasonably 
certain to be extended. In determining the lease term, 
management considers all facts and circumstances that 
create an economic incentive to exercise the extension 
option.  
 
For leases of office premises, the following factors are 
considered to be most relevant: 
  
•  If any leasehold improvements are expected to have a 
significant remaining value, the Group typically includes 
the extension option in lease liabilities;  
 
•  Otherwise, the Group considers other factors including its 
costs required to obtain replacement assets, and business 
disruptions.  
 
b.  
Leases – estimating the incremental borrowing rate 
 
The Group cannot readily determine the interest rate 
implicit in the lease, therefore, it uses its incremental 
borrowing rate to measure lease liabilities. The incremental 
borrowing rate is the rate of interest that the Group would 
have to pay to borrow over a similar term, and with a similar 
security, the funds necessary to obtain an asset of a similar 
value to the right-of-use asset in a similar economic 
environment. The incremental borrowing rate therefore 
reflects what the Group ‘would have to pay’, which requires 
estimation when no observable rates are available or when 
they need to be adjusted to reflect the terms and conditions 
of the lease. The Group estimates the incremental 
borrowing rate using observable inputs (such as market 
interest rates) when available and is required to make 
certain entity-specific estimates. 
 
 
 
 
c.       Fair value of financial instruments 
 
The majority of the Group’s financial instruments reported 
at fair value are based on quoted and observable market 
prices or valuation techniques that are based on 
independently sourced or verified market parameters. 
 
The fair value of financial instruments without an 
observable market price in an active market may be 
determined using valuation techniques. The choice of 
valuation techniques and assumptions that are based on 
market conditions requires significant judgement for 
investment in unquoted equities. 
 
Please refer to Note 25(e) for further details on fair 
valuation and fair value hierarchy of the Group’s financial 
instruments measured at fair value. 
 
d. 
Income taxes 
 
The Group has exposure to income taxes in numerous 
jurisdictions. 
Significant 
judgement 
is 
involved 
in 
determining the Group’s provision for income taxes. The 
Group recognises liabilities for expected tax issues based on 
reasonable estimates of whether additional taxes will be 
due. Where uncertainty exists around the Group’s tax 
position including resolution of any related appeals or 
litigation processes, appropriate provisions are provided 
based on technical merits of the positions with the same tax 
authority. In general, determination of the value of 
assets/liabilities relating to carry forward tax losses requires 
judgement. 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
49 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
4. Investment gains/(losses) 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Fair value gain/(loss) on investment 
securities 
628,045 
(1,859,910) 
Dividend income 
79,354 
20,246 
707,399 
(1,839,664) 
 
 
5. Other gains and other income 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
Other gains 
 
Gain on foreign exchange – net 
151,474 
- 
Gain on disposal of subsidiaries 
- 
1,000 
151,474 
1,000 
 
 
Other income 
 
 
Interest income 
226,104 
70,552 
Government grants 
13,388 
8,457 
Management and service fee 
744,980 
1,527,772 
Others 
743 
2,666 
985,215 
1,609,447 
 
 
6. Expenses by nature 
 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Audit fees paid to: 
 
 
- Auditors of the Company 
137,585 
160,868 
- Other auditors 
10,287 
29,536 
Non-audit fees paid to auditors of the 
Company 
12,960 
18,700 
Depreciation of property, plant and 
equipment (Note 13) 
 
 
- continuing operations 
214,174 
212,183 
- discontinued operations 
666,039 
1,415,903 
Employee compensation (Note 7) 
4,223,282 
10,417,226 
Rental expense on operating  
  leases (Note 18(d)) 
69,451 
18,581 
Travelling expense 
571,229 
592,051 
Professional fees 
421,070 
562,301 
Commission 
69,834 
90,092 
Loss on foreign exchange – net 
- 
481,950 
Marketing expenses 
1,114,707 
5,071,668 
Credit card charges  
70,481 
458,589 
Trainer fees 
228,181 
748,484 
Food catering expense 
36,627 
57,016 
Book and printing expenses 
231,335 
511,933 
Other program costs 
21,406 
199,674 
Investment related expense 
106,554 
467,172 
Training costs 
41,375 
134,188 
AGM and listing expenses 
80,951 
120,933 
Office expenses 
120,814 
297,433 
Amortisation of development of 
software (Note 15) 
- 
1,116,553 
Information technology cost 
457,970 
2,053,316 
Property, plant and equipment 
written off 
34,874 
20,771 
Bad debt written off (Note 12(b)) 
- 
89,727 
Credit loss allowance (Note 24(b)) 
 
 
- Trade receivables 
- 
(17,451) 
Donation 
1,388 
24,747 
Withholding tax expense 
76,681 
141,961 
Admin expenses 
175,621 
487,785 
Non-cash shares compensation to 
non-controlling interest 
- 
250,000 
Sale and service tax expense 
- 
270,161 
Reversal of legal compensation 
receivable 
- 
510,631 
Impairment of development of 
software (Note 15) 
- 
1,684,011 
Other expenses 
216,622 
624,220 
9,411,498 
29,322,896 
Less: Amounts attributable to 
discontinued operations 
(7,682,220) 
(25,946,409) 
Total cost of sales and services, 
administrative expenses,  
  marketing and other operating 
expenses attributable to continuing 
operations 
1,729,278 
3,376,487 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
50 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
7. Employee compensation 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
Wages and salaries 
3,863,900 
8,101,874 
Employer’s contribution to defined 
contribution plans 
328,831 
928,884 
Other short-term benefits 
30,551 
237,123 
Employee share plan  
- 
1,149,345 
4,223,282 10,417,226 
Less: Amounts attributable to 
discontinued operations 
(3,259,515) (7,682,815) 
Amounts attributable to continuing 
operations 
963,767 
2,734,411 
 
 
8. Income taxes 
 
(a) 
Income tax (expense)/credit 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
Tax credit/(expense) attributable to 
loss is made up of: 
 
- Loss for the financial year:  
 
  From discontinued operations 
 
 Current income tax  
 
 
-  Foreign 
- 
(15,971) 
- 
(15,971) 
 Deferred income tax (Note 22) 
- 
(702,139) 
- 
(718,010) 
 
 
- Over provision in prior financial 
years: 
 
 Current income tax  
112,717 
801 
112,717 
(717,209) 
 
 
Tax credit/(expense) attributable to: 
 
 
- continuing operations 
- 
3,642 
- discontinued operations 
112,717 
(720,851) 
112,717 
(717,209) 
 
 
 
The tax on the Group’s profit/(loss) before income tax differs from 
the theoretical amount that would arise using the Singapore 
standard rate of income tax as follows: 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Profit/(loss) before income tax 
 
 
- continuing operations 
92,403 
(3,636,853) 
- discontinued operations 
(3,162,044) (12,921,536) 
(3,069,641) (16,558,389) 
Tax calculated at tax rate of 17% 
(2023: 17%) 
(521,839) (2,814,926) 
Effects of: 
 
 
- income not subject to tax 
- 
(6,028) 
- expenses not deductible for tax 
purposes 
 
709,483 
 
392,882 
- reversal of deferred tax asset 
recognised in prior years 
 
- 
 
783,845 
- deferred tax assets not recognised 
- 
2,516,811 
- utilisation of previously 
unrecognised tax losses 
 
(187,644) 
 
(113,970) 
- others 
- 
(40,604) 
- over provision of tax in prior 
financial years 
(112,717) 
(801) 
Tax (credit)/charge 
(112,717) 
717,209 
 
(b) 
Movement in income tax recoverable/(tax liabilities): 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
351,768 
(237,314) 
Income tax paid 
138,357 
604,252 
Tax expense  
- 
(15,971) 
Over provision in prior financial years 
112,717 
801 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
(602,842) 
- 
End of financial year  
- 
351,768 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Current income tax asset 
- 
535,868 
Current income tax liabilities 
- 
(184,100) 
- 
351,768 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
51 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
9. Earnings/(loss) per share 
 
(a) 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share 
 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net profit/(loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial year.  
 
Continuing operations 
Discontinued operations 
Total 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net profit/(loss) attributable to equity holders of the 
Company (S$) 
92,403 
(3,633,211) (2,293,334) (11,296,895)
(2,200,931) (14,930,106) 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares 
outstanding for basic earnings/(loss) per share 
352,733,306 357,355,994 352,733,306 357,355,994 352,733,306 357,355,994 
 
 
 
Basic earnings/(loss) per share (S$ per share) 
0.0003 
(0.0102) 
(0.0065) 
(0.0316) 
(0.0062) 
(0.0418) 
 
(b) 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share 
 
For the purpose of calculating diluted earnings/(loss) per share, profit/(loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company and the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding are adjusted for the effects of all dilutive potential ordinary shares. The Company has one 
category of dilutive potential ordinary shares: performance rights.  
 
The weighted average number of shares on issue has been adjusted as if all dilutive performance rights were exercised. Diluted 
earnings/(loss) per share for continuing operations and discontinued operations attributable to equity holders of the Company is calculated 
as follows:  
 
Continuing operations 
Discontinued operations 
Total 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net profit/(loss) attributable to equity holders of the 
Company (S$) 
92,403 
(3,633,211) (2,293,334) (11,296,895)
(2,200,931) (14,930,106) 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares 
outstanding for basic earnings/(loss) per share 
352,733,306 357,355,994 352,733,306 357,355,994 352,733,306 357,355,994 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (S$ per share) 
0.0003 
(0.0102) 
(0.0065) 
(0.0316) 
(0.0062) 
(0.0418) 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
52 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
10.  Cash and cash equivalents 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Cash with financial institution 
3,473,618 
7,424,234 
Cash at bank and on hand 
744,590 12,213,921 
Short-term bank deposits 
- 
768,103 
4,218,208 20,406,258 
 
Company 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Cash with financial institution 
3,473,618 
3,587,341 
Cash at bank and on hand 
651,810 
3,979,892 
4,125,428 
7,567,233 
 
Acquisition and disposal of subsidiaries 
  
On 8 November 2023, the Group disposed all its stake in 8VI 
Holdings Limited and its subsidiaries (“8VI Group”) through capital 
reduction by in-specie distribution of its entire interest in 8VI 
Group to the Company’s shareholders. The effects of the disposal 
on the cash flows of the Group were: 
 
Group 
 
At date of 
disposal 
 
S$ 
Carrying amounts of assets and liabilities as at the 
date of disposal:  
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents 
 
4,914,213 
Financial assets, at FVPL 
 
991,125 
Trade and other receivables 
 2,479,977 
Tax recoverable 
 
602,842 
Property, plant and equipment 
 3,901,308 
Financial assets, at FVOCI 
 
58,669 
 12,948,134 
Less: 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
 (2,298,612) 
Lease liabilities 
 (2,769,770) 
Bank borrowing 
 
(201,561) 
Contract liabilities 
 (5,691,016) 
Net assets derecognised 
 1,987,175 
 
 
Less: Investment in associate 
 
(705,000) 
Less: Non-controlling interests 
 
(288,906) 
Net assets disposed of 
 
993,269 
 
 
Cash inflows arising from disposal:  
 
 
 
 
Net assets disposed of (as above) 
 
993,269 
Capital reduction 
 (2,909,307) 
Reserve 
 1,916,038 
 
- 
 
 
Less: Cash and bank balances in subsidiaries 
disposed of 
(4,914,213) 
Net cash outflow on disposal 
 (4,914,213) 
11.  Financial assets, at FVPL 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
(As 
reclassified) 
S$ 
S$ 
Fair value through profit or loss: 
 
Listed securities 
 
 
- Equity securities - Australia 
- 
23,567 
- Equity securities - India 
- 
1,534,309 
- Equity securities - Hong Kong 
- 
33,765 
- Equity securities - America 
6,869,848 
1,539,880 
- Equity securities - Malaysia 
127,118 
313,344 
- Equity securities – Singapore 
- 
55,800 
- Trading fund 1 
- 
444,022 
6,996,966 
3,944,687 
 
Company 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Fair value through profit or loss: 
 
Listed securities 
 
- Equity securities - America 
6,869,848 
819,785 
- Equity securities - India 
- 
1,534,309 
- Equity securities - Malaysia 
127,118 
133,208 
- Equity securities - Hong Kong 
- 
6,065 
6,996,966 
2,493,367 
 
The instruments are all mandatorily measured at fair value 
through profit or loss. 
 
1 As disclosed in Note 12(d) to the financial statements, the 
Company entered into an agreement with an individual with the 
intention of the individual carrying out investment activities on 
behalf of the Company, by virtue of the agreement, the amount 
advanced to the individual, amounting to S$269,520, is treated as 
investments by the Company and recognised as financial assets, 
at FVPL. Due to the high risk nature of the investment and 
inadequate risk management procedures in place, the trading 
conducted on the online investment platform resulted in a 
realised loss of S$269,520 which has been recognised in the 
Statement of Comprehensive Income. 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
53 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
12.  Trade and other receivables 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
(As 
reclassified) 
S$ 
S$ 
Current 
 
 
Trade receivables 
 
- Non-related parties (a) 
- 
107,252 
- Affiliated companies 
1,268,655 
- 
Less: Credit loss allowance  
 (Note 24(b)) 
- 
(67,002) 
1,268,655 
40,250 
 
Other receivables 
 
 
- Non-related parties (b) 
238,032 
238,202 
- Others 
- 
220,296 
Less: Credit loss allowance  
(225,562) 
(225,562) 
12,470 
232,936 
 
 
Deposits (c) 
- 
879,348 
Prepayments 
10,333 
1,579,083 
1,291,458 
2,731,617 
 
Company 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Current 
 
 
Trade receivables 
 
- Subsidiaries 
1,146,598 
- 
- Affiliated companies 
464,223 
- 
Less: Credit loss allowance  
 (Note 24(b)) 
(1,051,618) 
- 
559,203 
- 
 
 
Other receivables 
 
- Non-related parties (b) 
238,032 
692,357 
- Subsidiaries 
- 
1,051,618 
Less: Credit loss allowance 
(225,562) (1,277,180) 
12,470 
466,795 
 
 
Prepayments 
10,333 
44,869 
582,006 
511,664 
 
 
 
(a) 
Trade receivables from non-related parties are non-interest 
bearing and are generally on 30 to 60 days’ (2023: 30 to 60 
days’) terms. There is no other class of financial assets that 
is past due and/or impaired except for trade receivables. 
 
Receivables that were past due but not impaired  
The Group has no trade receivables from non-related 
parties as at 31 March 2024 and has S$269 as at 1 April 2023 
that are past due but not impaired. These receivables are 
unsecured and the analysis of their aging at the end of the 
reporting period is as follows: 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Trade receivables past due but 
not impaired: 
 
Lesser than 30 days 
- 
- 
31-60 days 
- 
269 
- 
269 
 
Receivables that were past due and impaired  
There were no receivables that were past due and impaired.  
 
Expected credit losses 
The movement in allowance for expected credit losses of 
trade receivables computed based on lifetime ECL are as 
follows: 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Movement in allowance 
accounts: 
 
At 1 April 
67,002 
91,375 
  Disposal of subsidiaries 
(67,002) 
- 
  Write back for the year 
- 
(17,451) 
  Currency translation difference
- 
(6,922) 
          At 31 March 
- 
67,002 
 
Company 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Movement in allowance 
accounts: 
 
At 1 April 
- 
- 
  Addition  
1,051,618 
- 
          At 31 March 
1,051,618 
- 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
54 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
12.  Trade and other receivables (continued) 
 
(b) 
Included in the other receivables are unsecured loans to 
third parties of S$238,032 (2023: S$225,562). The loans 
amounting to S$225,562 (2023: S$225,562) were past due 
and full allowance for credit losses were made. 
 
(c) 
Included in current deposits as at 31 March 2023 are 
bankers’ guarantees of S$190,000 and S$218,000 as 
required by Global Payments Asia Pacific (Hong Kong 
Holding) Limited and Green World FinTech Service Co., Ltd. 
respectively in order to provide services in accordance to 
the merchant agreements.  
 
(d) 
During the financial year, the Company entered into a 
profit-sharing agreement with an individual, where the 
individual would make investments on behalf of the 
Company.  Based on the agreement, the Company 
advanced an amount of S$269,520 to the individual to carry 
out investment activities on behalf of the Company. The 
individual placed the entire amount advanced into an online 
investment platform.  The amount was initially classified as 
‘Other Receivables’ and was reclassified to ‘Financial assets, 
at FVPL’. Due to the high risk nature of the investment and 
inadequate risk management procedures in place, the 
trading conducted on the online investment platform 
resulted in a realised loss of S$269,520 which has been 
recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. 
 
(e) 
In the previous financial year, a former subsidiary of the 
Group, entered into a similar balance advance arrangement 
as disclosed in (d) amounting to S$444,022. As the 
underlying substance of the advance is for the intention of 
investment, the balance was reclassified to ‘Financial 
assets, at FVPL’, the balance as of the previous financial year 
end was $444,022. In the current financial year, the balance 
formed part of the disposed assets of 8VI Group as disclosed 
in Note 10 to the financial statements. 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
55 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
13.  Property, plant and equipment 
 
Office 
premises 
S$ 
Office 
equipment 
S$ 
Furniture and 
fittings 
S$ 
Motor 
vehicles 
S$ 
Total 
S$ 
Group  
 
 
 
 
 
2024 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
5,177,034 
1,784,726 
2,036,457 
94,317 
9,092,534 
Currency translation differences 
- 
23,914 
16,310 
(3,725) 
36,499 
Disposal 
- 
(105,883) 
(232,772) 
(90,592) 
(429,247) 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
(3,555,556) (1,639,317) 
(1,541,337) 
- 
(6,736,210) 
Written off 
(1,072,684) 
- 
- 
- 
(1,072,684) 
End of financial year 
548,794 
63,440 
278,658 
- 
890,892 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated depreciation 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
1,121,661 
1,288,812 
685,258 
94,317 
3,190,048 
Currency translation differences 
(1) 
(31,182) 
(33,577) 
(3,725) 
(68,485) 
Depreciation charge (Note 6) 
 
 
 
 
 
- continuing operations 
159,852 
- 
54,322 
- 
214,174 
- discontinued operations 
349,759 
288,061 
28,219 
- 
666,039 
Disposal 
- 
(105,883) 
(232,772) 
(90,592) 
(429,247) 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
(1,064,483) (1,376,368) 
(394,050) 
- 
(2,834,901) 
Written off 
(193,871) 
- 
- 
- 
(193,871) 
End of financial year 
372,917 
63,440 
107,400 
- 
543,757 
 
 
 
 
 
Net book value 
 
 
 
 
 
End of financial year 
175,877 
- 
171,258 
- 
347,135 
 
2023 
 
 
 
 
 
Cost 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
5,112,107 
1,668,259 
2,107,124 
100,899 
8,988,389 
Currency translation differences 
(23,402) 
(21,574) 
(44,582) 
(6,582) 
(96,140) 
Additions 
456,635 
173,983 
46,761 
- 
677,379 
Disposal 
- 
(359) 
(482) 
- 
(841) 
Written off 
(368,306) 
(35,583) 
(72,364) 
- 
(476,253) 
End of financial year 
5,177,034 
1,784,726 
2,036,457 
94,317 
9,092,534 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated depreciation 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
584,571 
885,015 
510,577 
100,899 
2,081,062 
Currency translation differences 
(12,449) 
(17,130) 
(27,256) 
(6,582) 
(63,417) 
Depreciation charge (Note 6) 
 
 
 
 
 
- continuing operations 
879,447 
447,222 
249,606 
- 
1,576,275 
- discontinued operations 
38,398 
- 
13,413 
- 
51,811 
Disposal 
- 
- 
(201) 
- 
(201) 
Written off 
(368,306) 
(26,295) 
(60,881) 
- 
(455,482) 
End of financial year 
1,121,661 
1,288,812 
685,258 
94,317 
3,190,048 
 
 
 
 
 
Net book value 
 
 
 
 
 
End of financial year 
4,055,373 
495,914 
1,351,199 
- 
5,902,486 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Right-of-use of assets acquired under leasing arrangements are presented together with the owned assets of the same class. Details of such 
leased assets are disclosed in Note 18(a). 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
56 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
14.  Investments in subsidiaries 
 
Company 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Equity investments 
 
Cost 
 
Beginning of financial year 
38,061,614 37,838,588 
Increase in investment 
70,000 
400,000 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
(19,908,848) 
(176,974) 
End of financial year 
18,222,766 38,061,614 
 
 
 
Provision for impairment 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
19,117,169 15,648,562 
Charge for the year 
6,873,693 
3,645,581 
Reversal during the year 
(394,224) 
- 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
(8,104,641) 
(176,974) 
End of financial year 
17,491,997 19,117,169 
 
 
 
Net carrying value 
 
 
End of financial year  
730,769 18,944,445 
 
 
On 8 November 2023, the Group disposed all its stake in 8VI 
Holdings Limited and its subsidiaries (“8VI Group”) through capital 
reduction by in-specie distribution of its entire interest in 8VI 
Group to the Company’s shareholders.  
 
During the financial year, the Company provided an impairment 
loss of S$6,873,693 (2023: S$3,645,581) representing the write-
down of the carrying value of the subsidiaries to the recoverable 
amount. 
 
During the financial year, the Company reversed past provided 
impairment loss of S$394,224 (2023: Nil) representing the write-
back of the carrying value of the subsidiaries to the recoverable 
amount. 
 
The Group has the following subsidiaries as at 31 March 2024 and 2023: 
 
Name 
Principal activities 
Country of 
business/ 
incorporation 
Proportion 
of ordinary 
shares 
directly held 
by parent 
Proportion 
of ordinary 
shares held 
by the Group 
Proportion 
of ordinary 
shares held 
by non- 
controlling  
interests 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
% 
% 
% 
% 
% 
% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held by the Company: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 Investment Pte. Ltd. 
Business management consultancy 
Singapore 
100 
100 
100 
100 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VI Fund Management Pte. Ltd. 
Dormant 
Singapore 
100 
100 
100 
100 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8IH Global Limited 
Dormant 
Mauritius 
100 
100 
100 
100 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8VI Holdings Limited  
Investment holding and 
management consultancy services 
Singapore 
- 
79.6 
- 
79.6 
- 
20.4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8Bit Global Pte. Ltd. 
Computer programming and data 
processing and hosting 
Singapore 
- 
42.0 
- 
82.6 
- 
17.4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8IH VCC 
Dormant 
Singapore 
100 
100 
100 
100 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held through 8VI Holdings Limited: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8VI Global Pte. Ltd.  
Seminar and programs organiser 
Singapore 
- 
- 
- 
79.6 
- 
20.4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vastus Wealth Advisory Singapore 
Pte. Ltd. 
Insurance agencies and agents 
Singapore 
- 
- 
- 
39.8 
- 
60.2 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
METAVI World Pte. Ltd.  
Seminar and programs organiser 
Singapore 
- 
- 
- 
74.3 
- 
25.7 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
57 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
14.  Investments in subsidiaries (continued) 
 
The Group has the following subsidiaries as at 31 March 2024 and 2023: (continued) 
 
Name 
Principal activities 
Country of 
business/ 
incorporation 
Proportion 
of ordinary 
shares 
directly held 
by parent 
Proportion 
of ordinary 
shares held 
by the Group 
Proportion 
of ordinary 
shares held 
by non- 
controlling  
interests 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
% 
% 
% 
% 
% 
% 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held through 8VI Global Pte. Ltd.: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8VI Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. 
Seminar and programs organiser 
Malaysia 
- 
- 
- 
79.6 
- 
20.4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8VI Taiwan Co., Ltd 
Seminar and programs organiser 
Taiwan 
- 
- 
- 
72.6 
- 
27.4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Value Investing College Pte. Ltd. 
Struck off 
Singapore 
- 
- 
- 
79.6 
- 
20.4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held through 8VI Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8VI FIN Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. 
Advisory services 
Malaysia 
- 
- 
- 
55.7 
- 
44.3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Held through 8IH Global Limited: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hidden Champions Fund 
Dormant 
Mauritius 
- 
- 
100 
100 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
58 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
15.  Development of software 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Cost 
Beginning of financial year 
3,956,560 
2,581,348 
Additions 
- 
1,375,212 
Disposal 
(3,956,560) 
- 
End of financial year 
- 
3,956,560 
 
Accumulated amortisation and 
impairment loss 
Beginning of financial year 
3,956,560 
1,155,996 
Amortisation charge 
- 
1,116,553 
Impairment loss 
- 
1,684,011 
Disposal 
(3,956,560) 
- 
End of financial year 
- 
3,956,560 
 
Net book value 
- 
- 
 
Impairment 
 
Development software is pertaining to the GoodWhale App 
(formerly known as VI App) which was developed by the Group’s 
subsidiary, 8Bit Global Pte. Ltd. (“8Bit”), a cash generating unit 
(“CGU”). 
 
The recoverable amount of a CGU was determined based on 
value-in-use. Cash flow projections used in the value-in-use 
calculations were based on financial budgets approved by 
management covering a three-year period, with key assumptions 
used in the cash flow projections includes budgeted gross margin 
based on past performance and its expectations of market 
developments, and growth rates used were consistent with 
industry forecast. 
 
In the previous financial year, an impairment charge of 
S$1,684,011 was made (included within “Marketing and other 
operating expenses”) in the statement of comprehensive income. 
The impairment charge arose from the expected loss making in 
8Bit in subsequent financial years that leads to negative 
recoverable amount of the asset, as a result of expected declining 
GoodWhale App’s subscription income from customers. 
 
During the financial year the GoodWhale App was disposed to 
Goodwhale Pte. Ltd., an associated company of 8VI Holdings 
Limited. 
 
 
 
16.  Financial assets, at FVOCI 
 
Financial assets, at FVOCI comprise of equity securities which are 
not held for trading, and for which the Group has made an 
irrevocable election at initial recognition to recognise changes in 
fair value through OCI rather than profit or loss as these are 
strategic investments and the Group considered this to be more 
relevant. 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
687,690 
1,308,682 
Net (disposal)/additions 
(53,841) 
356,855 
Fair value losses recognised in other 
comprehensive income/(loss) 
(5,121) 
(977,389) 
Currency translation differences 
- 
(458) 
End of financial year 
628,728 
687,690 
 
Company 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
628,728 
5,379,897 
Disposal 
- 
(3,066,953) 
Fair value losses recognised in other 
comprehensive income 
- 
(1,684,216) 
End of financial year 
628,728 
628,728 
 
Financial assets at FVOCI are analysed as follows: 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Listed securities 
- 
6,256 
Unlisted securities 
628,728 
681,434 
Total 
628,728 
687,690 
 
Company 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Unlisted securities 
628,728 
628,728 
Total 
628,728 
628,728 
 
The Group has elected to measure these equity securities at 
FVOCI due to the Group’s intention to hold these equity 
instruments for long term appreciation. 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
59 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
17.  Trade and other payables 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Current 
 
 
Trade payables – non-related parties 
45,319 
201,325 
Accruals for operating expenses 
107,868 
829,682 
Sale and service tax 
- 
407,048 
Other payables 
43,924 
274,835 
Total 
197,111 
1,712,890 
 
 
Non-current 
 
 
Provision for reinstatement 
- 
169,460 
 
Company 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Current 
 
 
Trade payables – non-related parties 
44,748 
7,334 
Accruals for operating expenses 
96,923 
81,419 
Amounts due to subsidiaries 
1,217,806 
8,633,129 
Other payables 
36,713 
79,965 
Total 
1,396,190 
8,801,847 
 
Trade payables are non-interest bearing and are normally settled 
on 30-day (2023: 30 day) terms. 
 
 
18.  Leases  
 
The Group as a lessee 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
Current 
127,133 
764,607 
Non-current 
97,802 
3,489,124 
Total  
224,935 
4,253,731 
 
Nature of the Group’s leasing activities 
 
The Group leases office premises for the purpose of running 
financial education technology activities and back office 
operations. 
 
(a) 
Carrying amounts 
 
 
ROU assets classified within property, plant and equipment 
 
 2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
Office premises 
175,877 
4,055,373 
 
(b) 
Depreciation charged during the year 
 
Office premises 
509,611 
917,845 
 
(c) 
Interest expense 
 
Interest expense on lease 
liabilities 
71,179 
129,614 
 
(d) 
Lease expense not capitalised in lease liabilities 
 
Lease expense – low-value 
leases 
69,451 
18,581 
 
(e) 
There is no income for subleasing ROU assets in the financial 
year 2024 (2023: S$Nil). 
 
(f) 
Total cash outflow for all the leases in the financial year 2024 
was S$658,259 (2023: S$955,879). 
 
(g) 
There is no addition of ROU assets during the financial year 
(2023: S$456,635). 
 
(h) 
There is no future cash outflow which is not capitalised in 
lease liabilities in 2024 (2023: S$Nil). 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
60 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
18.  Leases (continued) 
 
(i) 
Reconciliation of lease liabilities arising from financing 
activities: 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
4,253,731 
4,800,400 
Principal and interest payments 
(588,808) 
(937,298) 
Non-cash changes 
 
 
- Addition during the year 
- 
281,956 
- Lease modification 
(644,137) 
- 
- Interest expense 
71,179 
129,614 
- Disposal  
(2,867,030) 
- 
- Foreign exchange movement 
- 
(20,941) 
End of financial year 
224,935 
4,253,731 
 
 
 
19.  Bank borrowing 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
Current 
 - 
 342,513 
Non-current 
- 
57,086 
Total 
- 
399,599   
 
In the previous financial year, bank borrowing bears fixed interest 
at 3% per annum, with a monthly repayment of S$29,082 and is 
secured by corporate guarantee given by 8VI Holdings Limited.  
 
The fair value of non-current bank borrowing approximates its 
carrying amount as at reporting date. There is no further undrawn 
borrowing facilities at the reporting date. 
 
Reconciliation of bank borrowing arising from financing activities. 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
399,599 
731,170 
Principal and interest payments 
(203,574) 
(348,984) 
Non-cash changes: 
 
 
- Interest expense 
5,536 
17,413 
- Disposal of subsidiaries 
(201,561) 
- 
End of financial year 
-   
399,599   
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
61 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
20.  Contract liabilities 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
Current 
 
Advances from customer 
- 
8,731,221 
 
 
Non-current 
 
 
Advances from customer 
- 
1,296,564 
- 
10,027,785 
 
Advances from customer represent revenue received from 
customers but not yet recognised to the profit or loss as service 
has yet to be rendered as at reporting date.  
 
 
21.  Redeemable participating shares 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
As at beginning of year 
- 
7,383,512 
Proceeds received from fund’s non-
controlling unit holders 
 
- 
 
320,755 
Payment to fund’s non-controlling 
unit holders 
 
- 
 
(5,707,456) 
Share of loss attributable to the unit 
holders of redeemable participating 
shares 
- 
(1,592,197) 
Currency translation differences 
- 
(404,614) 
As at end of year 
- 
- 
 
8IH VCC and Hidden Champions Fund are investment funds with 
redeemable participating shares. These shares relate to amounts 
payable to non-controlling unit holders of the redeemable 
participating shares in 8IH VCC and Hidden Champions Fund. The 
unit holders are entitled to redeem their shares in cash at the 
option of the holders at the value proportionate to the investors 
share in the fund’s net assets at the redemption price. 
 
During the previous financial year, the 8IH VCC and Hidden 
Champions Fund performed compulsory redemption of all 
participating shares held by their investors at the price per 
participating share equal to the prevailing funds’ net asset value 
per share in accordance with the funds’ constitutions and private 
placement memorandums. 
 
 
22.  Share capital and treasury shares 
 
Share capital 
Number of 
shares  
Amount 
 
S$ 
Group and Company 
 
 
2024 
 
As at beginning of year 
358,138,783 33,731,412 
Capital reduction 
- 
(2,909,307) 
Beginning and end of financial year 
358,138,783 30,822,105 
 
 
2023 
 
 
End of financial year 
358,138,783 33,731,412 
 
All issued ordinary shares are fully paid. There is no par value for 
these ordinary shares. Fully paid ordinary shares carry one vote 
per share and carry a right to dividends as and when declared by 
the Company. 
 
On 8 November 2023, the Company disposed all its stake in 8VI 
Holdings Limited and its subsidiaries (“8VI Group”) through capital 
reduction by in-specie distribution of its entire interest in 8VI 
Group to the Company’s shareholders. The issued and paid-up 
share capital of the Company was reduced by an amount of 
S$2,909,307. 
  
During the financial year, pursuant to the selective share buy-back 
resolution approved by shareholders in the annual general 
meeting, the Company bought back 9,195,129 treasure shares, by 
way of a selective off-market acquisition, for cash considerations 
of S$505,732. 
 
Treasury share 
Number of 
shares  
Amount 
 
S$ 
Group and Company 
 
 
2024 
 
As at beginning of year 
(782,789) 
(209,883) 
Share buyback 
(9,195,129) 
(505,732) 
Beginning and end of financial year 
(9,977,918) 
(715,615) 
 
2023 
 
Beginning and end of financial year 
(782,789) 
(209,883) 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
62 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
23.  Other reserves 
 
Group 
Company 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
Composition: 
 
 
 
 
Fair value reserve 
(443,413) (12,260,086) 
(424,413) 
(872,822) 
Currency translation reserve 
(547,995) 
(637,899) 
- 
- 
Capital reserve 
- 
(2,619,240) 
- 
(1,638,846) 
Employee share plan reserve 
- 
563,320 
- 
- 
(991,408) (14,953,905) 
(424,413) (2,511,668) 
 
 
 
 
Movements: 
 
 
 
 
(i) Fair value reserve 
 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
(12,260,086) (11,395,395) 
(872,822) (1,072,073) 
Financial assets through other comprehensive income 
 
 
 
 
- Fair value losses from financial assets at FVOCI 
(5,121) 
(864,691) 
- 
(1,684,216) 
Disposal of FVOCI 
- 
- 
- 
1,883,467 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
11,821,794 
- 
448,409 
- 
End of financial year 
(443,413) (12,260,086) 
(424,413) 
(872,822) 
 
 
 
 
(ii)  Currency translation reserve  
 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
(637,899) 
(572,635) 
- 
- 
Net currency translation differences of financial statements of foreign 
subsidiaries and associated companies  
137,090 
(113,831) 
- 
- 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
(47,186) 
48,567 
- 
- 
End of financial year 
(547,995) 
(637,899) 
- 
- 
 
 
 
(iii) Capital reserve 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
(2,619,240) (2,229,579) 
(1,638,846) (1,638,846) 
Movement in equity attributable to non-controlling interest 
- 
(335,516) 
- 
- 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
2,619,240 
(54,145) 
1,638,846 
- 
End of financial year 
- 
(2,619,240) 
- 
(1,638,846) 
 
 
 
 
(iv) Employee share plan reserve 
 
 
 
Beginning of financial year 
563,320 
1,751,284 
- 
986,155 
Value of employee services 
- 
1,138,548 
- 
1,097,946 
Wavier of performance rights 
- 
(2,326,512) 
- 
(2,084,101) 
Disposal of subsidiaries 
(563,320) 
- 
- 
- 
End of financial year 
- 
563,320 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
63 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management 
 
Financial risk factors 
 
The Group’s activities expose it to market risk (including currency risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s overall risk 
management strategy seeks to minimise any adverse effects from the unpredictability of financial markets on the group’s financial 
performance.  
 
The Board of Directors reviews and agrees policies and procedures for the management of these risks, which are executed by the Chief 
Financial Officer.  
 
(a) 
Market risk 
 
(i) Currency risk 
 
The Group operates in Asia with dominant operations in Singapore, Malaysia and China. Entities in the Group regularly transact 
in currencies other than their respective functional currencies (“foreign currencies”). 
 
Currency risk arises within entities in the Group when transactions are denominated in foreign currencies primarily Malaysian 
Ringgit (“MYR”), Australian Dollar (“AUD”), United States Dollar (“USD”), Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”), Hong Kong Dollar (“HKD”), 
New Taiwan Dollar (“NTD”) and Indian Rupee (“INR”).  
 
In addition, the Group is exposed to currency translation risk on the net assets in foreign operations. Currency exposure to the 
net assets of the Group’s foreign operations in Malaysia and China are managed primarily through transactions denominated in 
the relevant foreign currencies.  
 
The Group’s currency exposure based on the information provided to key management is as follows: 
 
MYR 
AUD 
USD 
RMB 
HKD 
NTD 
INR 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
At 31 March 2024 
 
 
Financial assets 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, financial 
assets, at FVPL and financial assets, at 
FVOCI 
127,118 
9,327 10,622,498 
- 
- 
- 
- 
127,118 
9,327 10,622,498 
- 
- 
- 
- 
Financial liabilities 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
- 
(5,025) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(5,025) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net financial assets 
127,118 
4,302 10,622,498 
- 
- 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency exposure of financial assets 
net of those denominated in the 
respective entities’ functional 
currencies 
127,118 
4,302 10,622,498 
- 
- 
- 
- 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
64 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(a) 
Market risk (continued) 
 
(i) Currency risk (continued) 
 
MYR 
AUD 
USD 
RMB 
HKD 
NTD 
INR 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
At 31 March 2023 
 
 
Financial assets 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, financial 
assets, at FVPL and financial assets, at 
FVOCI 
1,777,920 
391,364 11,588,275 
- 
33,765 
438,469
1,534,309
Trade and other receivables 
 
187,618 
- 
 
156,437 
- 
- 
543,577
- 
1,965,538 
391,364 11,744,712 
- 
33,765 
982,046
1,534,309
Financial liabilities 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
(646,124)
(7,180) 
(52,489) 
(3,971) 
- 
(50,505)
- 
Lease liabilities  
(57,517)
- 
- 
- 
- 
(108,319)
- 
(703,641)
(7,180) 
(52,489) 
(3,971) 
- 
(158,824)
- 
 
 
 
 
 
Net financial assets/(liabilities) 
1,261,897
384,184 11,692,223
(3,971) 
33,765
823,222
1,534,309
 
 
 
 
 
Currency exposure of financial 
assets/(liabilities) net of those 
denominated in the respective entities’ 
functional currencies 
143,988 
384,184 10,833,230 
(3,971) 
33,765 
18,516
1,534,309
 
The Company’s currency exposure based on the information provided to key management is as follows: 
 
MYR 
AUD 
USD 
HKD 
INR 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
At 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Assets 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, financial assets, at FVPL and financial 
assets, at FVOCI 
127,118 
8,019 10,622,498 
-
-
 
 
 
Financial Liabilities 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
- 
(5,025) 
- 
-
-
 
 
 
Net financial assets 
127,118 
2,994 10,622,498 
-
-
 
 
 
Currency exposure of financial assets net of those denominated in 
the respective entities’ functional currencies  
127,118 
2,994 10,622,498 
-
-
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
65 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(a) 
Market risk (continued) 
 
(i) 
Currency risk (continued) 
 
The Company’s currency exposure based on the information provided to key management is as follows (continued): 
 
MYR 
AUD 
USD 
HKD 
INR 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
At 31 March 2023 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Assets 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, financial assets, at FVPL and financial 
assets, at FVOCI 
133,208 
151,635
7,536,960
6,065
1,534,309
 
Financial Liabilities 
 
Trade and other payables 
- 
(5,514)
-
-
-
 
Net financial assets 
133,208 
146,121
7,536,960
6,065
1,534,309
 
Currency exposure of financial assets net of those denominated in 
the respective entities’ functional currencies  
133,208 
146,121
7,536,960
6,065
1,534,309
 
If the MYR, AUD, USD, RMB, HKD, NTD and INR change against the SGD by 5% (2023: 1%), 1% (2023: 5%), 2% (2023: 0%), 4% 
(2023: 4%), 2% (2023: 0%), 0% (2023: 3%) and 0% (2023: 2%) respectively with all other variables including tax rate being held 
constant, the effects arising from the net financial asset/(liabilities) that are exposed to currency risk will be as follows: 
 
Increase/(Decrease) 
2024 
2023 
Profit 
after tax 
Other 
comprehensive 
income 
Loss 
after tax 
Other 
comprehensive 
loss 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
 
Group 
 
 
 
 
MYR against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
6,356 
- 
(8,266) 
- 
- Weakened  
(6,356) 
- 
8,266 
- 
 
 
 
 
AUD against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
43 
- 
(38,265) 
- 
- Weakened  
(43) 
- 
38,265 
- 
 
 
 
 
USD against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
212,450 
- 
(179,864) 
(568) 
- Weakened  
(212,450) 
- 
179,864 
568 
 
 
 
 
RMB against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
- 
- 
(296) 
- 
- Weakened  
- 
- 
296 
- 
 
 
 
 
HKD against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
- 
- 
(561) 
- 
- Weakened  
- 
- 
561 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
66 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(a) 
Market risk (continued) 
 
(i) 
Currency risk (continued) 
 
Increase/(Decrease)  
2024 
2023 
Profit 
after tax 
Other 
comprehensive 
income 
Loss 
after tax 
Other 
comprehensive 
loss 
            S$ 
S$ 
      S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
 
NTD against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
- 
- 
- 
(1,229) 
- Weakened  
- 
- 
- 
1,229 
 
 
 
 
INR against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
- 
- 
(127,348) 
- 
- Weakened  
- 
- 
127,348 
- 
 
 
 
 
Company 
 
 
 
 
MYR against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
6,356 
- 
(7,740) 
- 
- Weakened  
(6,356) 
- 
7,740 
- 
 
 
 
 
AUD against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
30 
- 
(14,554) 
- 
- Weakened  
(30) 
- 
14,554 
- 
 
 
 
 
USD against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
212,450 
- 
(125,114) 
- 
- Weakened  
(212,450) 
- 
125,114 
- 
 
 
 
 
HKD against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
- 
- 
(101) 
- 
- Weakened  
- 
- 
101 
- 
 
 
 
 
INR against SGD 
 
 
 
 
- Strengthened  
- 
- 
(127,348) 
- 
- Weakened  
- 
- 
127,348 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
67 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(a) 
Market risk (continued) 
 
(ii) Price risk 
 
The Group is exposed to equity securities price risk arising from the investments held by the Group which are classified on the 
consolidated statement of financial position at fair value through profit or loss. These securities are listed in Australia, India, 
Taiwan, Hong Kong, America, Malaysia and Singapore. To manage its price risk arising from investments in equity securities, the 
Group diversifies its portfolio. Diversification of the portfolio is done in accordance with the limits set by the Group.  
 
If prices for equity securities listed in Australia, India, Taiwan, Hong Kong, America, Malaysia and Singapore had changed by 0% 
(2023: 11%), 0% (2023: 11%), 0% (2023: 33l%), 0% (2023: 33%), 38% (2023: 13%), 38% (2023: 11%) and 0% (2023: 11%) 
respectively with all other variables including tax rate being held constant, the effects on profit after tax and other comprehensive 
income/(loss) would have been:  
 
Increase/(Decrease) 
2024 
2023 
Profit 
after tax 
Other 
comprehensive 
income 
Loss 
after tax 
Other 
comprehensive 
loss 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
 
Group 
 
 
 
 
Listed in Australia 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
- 
- 
(978) 
- 
- decreased by 
- 
- 
978 
- 
 
 
 
 
Listed in India 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
- 
- 
(63,674) 
- 
- decreased by 
- 
- 
63,674 
- 
 
 
 
 
Listed in Taiwan 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
- 
- 
- 
(1,481) 
- decreased by 
- 
- 
- 
1,481 
 
 
 
 
Listed in Hong Kong 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
- 
- 
(2,242) 
- 
- decreased by 
- 
- 
2,242 
- 
 
 
 
 
Listed in America 
 
- increased by 
2,610,542 
- 
(38,343) 
(1,026) 
- decreased by 
(2,610,542) 
- 
38,343 
1,026 
 
 
 
Listed in the Malaysia 
 
 
 
- increased by 
11,441 
- 
(13,003) 
(313) 
- decreased by 
(11,441) 
- 
13,003 
313 
 
 
 
Listed in the Singapore 
 
 
 
- increased by 
- 
56,586 
(2,316) 
(31,436) 
- decreased by 
- 
(56,586) 
2,316 
31,436 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
68 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(a) 
Market risk (continued) 
  
(ii) Price risk (continued) 
 
Increase/(Decrease) 
2024 
2023 
Profit 
after tax 
Other 
comprehensive 
income 
Loss 
after tax 
Other 
comprehensive 
loss 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
 
Company 
 
 
 
 
Listed in India 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
- 
- 
(63,674) 
- 
- decreased by 
- 
- 
63,674 
- 
 
 
 
 
Listed in Hong Kong 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
- 
- 
(403) 
- 
- decreased by 
- 
- 
403 
- 
 
 
 
 
Listed in America 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
2,610,542 
- 
(20,413) 
- 
- decreased by 
(2,610,542) 
- 
20,413 
- 
 
 
 
 
Listed in Singapore 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
- 
56,586 
- 
(14,201) 
- decreased by 
- 
(56,586) 
- 
14,201 
 
 
 
 
Listed in Malaysia 
 
 
 
 
- increased by 
11,441 
- 
(5,528) 
- 
- decreased by 
(11,441) 
- 
5,528 
- 
 
(b) 
Credit risk 
 
Credit exposure to an individual counterparty is restricted by credit limits that are approved by the Board of Directors based on 
ongoing credit evaluations. The counterparty’s payment pattern and credit exposure are continuously monitored at the entity level 
by the respective management and at the Group level by the Executive Management. 
 
Financial assets are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery, such as a debtor failing to engage in a repayment 
plan with the Group. The Group categorises a loan or receivable for write off when a debtor fails to make contractual payments 
greater than a year past due based on historical collection trend. Where loans or receivables have been written off, the company 
continues to engage in enforcement activity to attempt to recover the receivable due. Where recoveries are made, these are 
recognised in profit or loss. 
 
The Group applies the simplified approach to providing for expected credit losses prescribed by FRS 109, which permits the use of 
the lifetime credit loss provision for all trade receivables.  
 
To measure the expected credit losses, trade receivables have been grouped based on shared credit risk characteristics and days past 
due. In calculating the expected credit loss rates, the Group considers historical loss rates for each category of customers, and adjusts 
for forward-looking macroeconomic data. 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
69 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(b) 
Credit risk (continued) 
 
The Group and Company uses four categories of internal credit risk rating for its financial assets at amortised costs. These four 
categories reflect the respective credit risk and how the loan loss provision is determined for each of those categories.  
 
A summary of assumptions underpinning the Group’s expected credit loss model is as follow: 
 
Group and Company’s 
category of internal 
credit rating 
Group and Company’s definition 
of category 
Basis for recognition of 
expected credit loss provision 
Performing 
Customers have a low risk of default and a strong capacity to meet 
contractual cash flows. 
12-month expected credit 
losses 
Underperforming 
Loans for which there is a significant increase in credit risk. As 
significant increase in credit risk is presumed if interest and/or 
principal repayments are 30 days past due. 
Lifetime expected credit 
losses 
 
Non-performing 
Interest and/or principal repayments are 60-365 days past due. 
Lifetime expected credit 
losses 
Write-off 
Interest and/or principal repayments are 365 days past due and 
there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. 
Asset is written off 
 
Movements in credit loss allowance for financial assets are set out as follows: 
 
 
 
 
Group 
 
 
Trade 
receivables 
Other financial 
assets at 
amortised costs 
Stage 1 
 
 
 
Total 
 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
2024 
 
 
 
Balance at 1 April 2023 
67,002 
225,562 
292,564 
Changes in credit loss: 
 
 
 
- Disposal of subsidiaries 
(67,002) 
- 
(67,002) 
Balance at 31 March 2024 
- 
225,562 
225,562 
 
2023 
 
 
 
Balance at 1 April 2022 
91,375 
225,562 
316,937 
Changes in credit loss recognised in profit or loss: 
 
 
 
- Decrease due to credit risk 
(17,451) 
- 
(17,451) 
- Currency translation differences 
(6,922) 
- 
(6,922) 
Balance at 31 March 2023 
67,002 
225,562 
292,564 
 
 
 
 
Company 
 
 
Trade 
receivables 
Other financial 
assets at 
amortised costs 
Stage 1 
 
 
 
Total 
 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
2024 
 
 
 
Balance at 1 April 2023 
- 
1,277,180 
1,277,180 
Changes in credit loss recognised in profit or loss: 
 
 
 
- Increase/(decrease) due to credit risk 
1,051,618 
(1,051,618) 
- 
Balance at 31 March 2024 
1,051,618 
225,562 
1,277,180 
 
2023 
 
 
 
Balance at 1 April 2022 
- 
225,562 
225,562 
Changes in credit loss recognised in profit or loss: 
 
 
 
- Increase due to credit risk 
- 
1,051,618 
1,051,618 
Balance at 31 March 2023 
- 
1,277,180 
1,277,180 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
70 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(b) 
Credit risk (continued) 
 
The Group does not have any trade receivables from non-related parties as at 31 March 2024. The Group has assessed that its 
affiliated companies (previously its subsidiaries) have strong financial capacity to meet the contractual obligation to repay the trade 
receivables from affiliated companies of S$1,268,655 and considered to have low credit risk.  
 
The Company has assessed that its subsidiaries has high credit risk in repaying its trade receivables from subsidiaries of S$1,146,598 
and has made a credit loss allowance of S$1,051,618. 
 
The Group’s credit risk exposure in relation to trade receivables from non-related parties, under FRS 109 as at 31 March 2023 are set 
out in the provision matrix as follows: 
 
 
 
Past due 
 
 
Group 
Current 
Within 30 
days 
30 to 60 
Days 
61-90 
days 
More than 
90 days 
Total 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expected loss rate 
0% 
0% 
5% 
0% 
100% 
 
Gross carrying amount (S$) 
39,982 
- 
283 
- 
66,987 
107,252 
Credit loss allowance (S$) 
- 
- 
(15) 
- 
(66,987) 
(67,002) 
 
Trade receivables  
The impairment of financial assets was assessed based on the incurred loss impairment model. Individual receivables which were 
known to be uncollectible were written off by reducing the carrying amount directly. The other receivables were assessed collectively, 
to determine whether there was objective evidence that an impairment had been incurred but not yet identified. 
 
The Group considered whether there was evidence if any of the following indicators were present: 
• Significant financial difficulties of the debtor; 
• Probability that the debtor will enter bankruptcy or financial reorganisation; and 
• Default or delinquency in payments (more than 90 days overdue). 
 
Financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired 
Financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired are mainly deposits with banks with high credit-ratings assigned by 
international credit-rating agencies. Receivables that are neither past due nor impaired are substantially companies with a good 
collection track record with the Group and Company. 
 
(c) 
Liquidity risk  
 
Prudent liquidity risk management includes maintaining sufficient cash and cash equivalents and the ability to close out market 
positions at a short notice. At the reporting date, assets held by the Group and the Company for managing liquidity risk included cash 
and short-term deposits as disclosed in Note 10.  
 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
71 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(c) 
Liquidity risk (continued) 
 
The table below analyses non-derivative financial liabilities of the Group and the Company into relevant maturity groupings based on 
the remaining period from the reporting date to the contractual maturity date. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual 
undiscounted cash flows. Balances due within 12 months equal their carrying amounts as the impact of discounting is not significant. 
 
Less than 
1 year 
Between 
1 and 
5 years 
More than 
5 years 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
Group 
 
 
 
At 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
197,111 
- 
- 
Lease liabilities  
132,000 
99,000 
- 
 
 
 
 
At 31 March 2023 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables, excluding sales and service tax 
1,305,842 
- 
- 
Lease liabilities  
764,607 
2,832,647 
656,477 
Bank borrowing 
352,788 
58,799 
- 
 
 
 
 
Company 
 
 
 
At 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
1,396,190 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
At 31 March 2023 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
8,801,847 
- 
- 
 
(d) 
Capital risk 
 
Management controls the capital of the Group in order to maintain a good debt to equity ratio, provide the shareholders with 
adequate returns and to ensure that the Group can fund its operations and continue as a going concern. 
 
The Group’s debt and capital includes ordinary share capital and financial liabilities, supported by financial assets. 
 
There are externally imposed capital requirements on the Group as disclosed in Note 14. 
 
Management effectively manages the Group’s capital by assessing the Group’s financial risks and adjusting its capital structure in 
response to changes in these risks and in the market. These responses include the management of debt levels, distributions to 
shareholders and share issues. 
 
(e) 
Fair value measurements  
 
The table below presents assets and liabilities measured and carried at fair value and classified by level of the following fair value 
measurement hierarchy: 
 
(i) 
quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1); 
 
(ii) 
inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) 
or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices) (Level 2); and 
 
(iii) inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs) (Level 3). 
 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
72 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
24.  Financial risk management (continued) 
 
(e) 
Fair value measurements (continued) 
 
Level 1 
Level 2 
Level 3 
Total  
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
Group 
2024 
 
 
 
Assets 
 
 
 
Financial assets, at FVPL 
6,996,966 
- 
- 
6,996,966 
Financial assets, at FVOCI 
- 
- 
628,728 
628,728 
Total assets 
6,996,966 
- 
628,728 
7,625,694 
 
 
 
 
 
2023 
 
 
 
 
Assets 
 
 
 
 
Financial assets, at FVPL 
3,944,687 
- 
- 
3,944,687 
Financial assets, at FVOCI 
6,256 
- 
681,434 
687,690 
Total assets 
3,950,943 
- 
681,434 
4,632,377 
 
Company  
 
 
 
2024 
 
 
 
Assets 
 
 
 
Financial assets, at FVPL 
6,996,966 
- 
- 
6,996,966 
Financial assets, at FVOCI 
- 
- 
628,728 
628,728 
Total assets 
6,996,966 
- 
628,728 
7,625,694 
 
 
 
 
2023 
 
 
 
Assets 
 
 
 
Financial assets, at FVPL 
2,493,367 
- 
- 
2,493,367 
Financial assets, at FVOCI 
- 
- 
628,728 
628,728 
Total assets 
2,493,367 
- 
628,728 
3,122,095 
 
There were no transfers between levels 1 and 2 during the year. 
 
The fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets (such as fair value through profit and loss and financial assets through 
other comprehensive income) is based on quoted market prices at the reporting date. The quoted market price used for financial 
assets held by the Group is the current bid price. These instruments are included in Level 1.  
 
The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined by using valuation techniques. The Group 
uses a variety of methods and makes assumptions that are based on market conditions existing at each balance sheet date. Where a 
valuation technique for these instruments is based on significant unobservable inputs, such instruments are classified as Level 3. Level 
3 instruments include unquoted equity securities which fair values are measured based on Guideline Public Company Method, a 
market approach which values the underlying investee based on trading multiples derived from publicly traded companies that are 
similar to the investee. The steps taken in applying the Guideline Public Company Method include identifying comparable public 
companies, adjusting the guideline public company multiples for differences in the size and risk of these companies compared to the 
investee, and then applying the adjusted pricing multiples from the representative companies. 
 
The carrying amount less impairment provision of trade receivables and payables are assumed to approximate their fair values.  
 
(f) 
Financial instruments by category  
Group 
Company 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
 
Financial assets, at FVPL 
6,996,966 
3,944,687 
6,996,966 
2,493,367 
Financial assets, at FVOCI 
628,728 
687,690 
628,728 
628,728 
Financial assets at amortised cost  
5,499,333 
22,002,814 
4,697,101 
8,034,028 
Financial liabilities at amortised cost 
422,046 
5,959,172 
1,396,190 
8,801,847 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2024 
 
 
 
73 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
25.  Related party transactions 
 
In addition to the information disclosed elsewhere in the financial 
statements, the following transactions took place between the 
Group and related parties at terms agreed between the parties. 
 
(a) 
Transactions with related parties  
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
 
 
Sales of services to affiliated 
companies 
135,700 
- 
Purchases of goods and 
services from other 
related party 
203,000 
232,000 
 
Other related party comprise of a company which a Group 
key management’s close family member has significant 
influence. 
 
(b) 
Directors and key management personnel compensation 
 
Directors and key management personnel compensation is 
as follows: 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
 
Wages, salaries and fees 
694,709 
1,233,944 
Employer’s contribution to 
defined contribution 
plans, including Central 
Provident Fund 
52,938 
61,200 
Employee share plan 
- 
1,136,495 
747,647 
2,431,639 
 
 
26.  Segment information  
 
The continuing operations of the Group operates in a single 
business segment and operates primarily as a unified entity. 
Management has assessed the business activities and 
organizational structure and determined that the Group's 
continuing operations are not comprised of distinct business 
segments as defined by the relevant accounting standards. 
 
As a result, the Company is not required to disclose segment 
information in accordance with FRS 8, Operating Segments. The 
operating decisions are made and performance is evaluated on a 
consolidated basis. Therefore, no separate segment reporting is 
presented in these financial statements. 
 
The financial information presented in the consolidated financial 
statements represents the entire activities of the Group, and the 
management believes that such presentation provides a 
comprehensive view of the Company's financial position, results 
of operations, and cash flows. 
27. Discontinued operations  
 
During the financial year, on 31 October 2023, the Group 
completed a significant corporate action involving a capital 
reduction and the distribution of CHESS Depository Interests 
(CDIs) in 8VI Holdings Limited (8VI) to its shareholders. As a result 
of this action, the Group ceased to have control over 8VI and its 
subsidiaries (collectively, the 8VI Group). 
 
In the prior financial year, the Group wound down its fund 
management business and carried out a compulsory redemption 
of all participating shares held by unit holders of the Hidden 
Champions Fund and 8IH VCC (“Funds”). The redemption was 
executed at the price per participating share equal to the 
prevailing Funds’ net asset value per share, in accordance with the 
Funds’ constitutions and private placement memorandums. This 
discontinuation process was completed by 31 March 2023. 
 
The results for the entire 8VI Group and the fund management 
business have been presented separately in the condensed 
consolidated 
statement 
of 
comprehensive 
income 
as 
“Discontinued operations” for the financial year ended 31 March 
2024. 
 
The results of the discontinued operations are as follows: 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
Revenue 
5,088,749 
16,299,675 
Investment losses 
- 
(3,822,467) 
 
 
Other losses 
(293,329) 
(923,138) 
Expenses 
(7,682,220) 
(25,946,409) 
Finance cost 
(56,426) 
(121,394) 
Share of loss of investment in 
associated companies 
(218,818) 
- 
Share of loss attributable to the unit 
holders of redeemable 
participating shares 
- 
1,592,197 
Loss before tax from discontinued 
operations 
(3,162,044) 
(12,921,536) 
Income tax expense/(credit) 
112,717 
(720,851) 
Loss after tax from discontinued 
operations 
(3,049,327) 
(13,642,387) 
 
The net cash flows incurred by the discontinued operations are, 
as follows: 
 
Group 
2024 
2023 
S$ 
S$ 
From operating activities 
(1,871,485) 
(4,444,276) 
From investing activities 
(4,914,213) 
(2,389,941) 
From financing activities 
(622,900) 
(6,506,299) 
Net cash outflow 
(7,408,598) 
(13,340,516) 
 
For personal use only

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the financial year ended 31 March 2023 
 
 
 
74 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
28. New or revised accounting standards and 
interpretations 
 
Below are the mandatory standards, amendments and 
interpretations to existing standards that have been published, 
and are relevant for the Group’s accounting periods beginning on 
or after 1 April 2024 and which the Group has not early adopted. 
 
Amendments to FRS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements: 
Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current (effective for 
annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024) 
 
The narrow-scope amendments to FRS 1 Presentation of Financial 
Statements clarify that liabilities are classified as either current or 
non-current, depending on the rights that exist at the end of the 
reporting period. Classification is unaffected by the expectations 
of the entity or events after the reporting date (e.g. the receipt of 
a waiver or a breach of covenant).  
 
Covenants of loan arrangements will not affect classification of a 
liability as current or non-current at the reporting date if the 
entity must only comply with the covenants after the reporting 
date. However, if the entity must comply with a covenant either 
before or at the reporting date, this will affect the classification as 
current or non-current even if the covenant is only tested for 
compliance after the reporting date. 
 
The amendments require disclosures if an entity classifies a 
liability as non-current and that liability is subject to covenants 
that the entity must comply with within 12 months of the 
reporting date. The disclosures include: 
 
• 
the carrying amount of the liability  
• 
information about the covenants, and  
• 
facts and circumstances, if any, that indicate that the entity 
may have difficulty complying with the covenants. 
 
The amendments also clarify what SFRS(I) 1-1 means when it 
refers to the ‘settlement’ of a liability. Terms of a liability that 
could, at the option of the counterparty, result in its settlement 
by the transfer of the entity’s own equity instrument can only be 
ignored for the purpose of classifying the liability as current or 
non-current if the entity classifies the option as an equity 
instrument. However, conversion options that are classified as a 
liability must be considered when determining the current/non-
current classification of a convertible note. 
 
The Group does not expect any significant impact arising from 
applying these amendments. 
 
 
29.  Comparative figures  
 
During the financial year, the Company modified the classification 
of ‘Trade and other receivables’ and ‘Financial assets, at FVPL’ to 
reflect more appropriately the way in which economic benefits 
are derived from its use. Comparative amounts in the statement 
of financial position and respective notes to accounts were 
reclassified for consistency. As a result, S$444,022 was 
reclassified from ‘Trade and other receivables’ to ‘Financial 
assets, at FVPL’. Since the amounts are reclassifications within the 
statement of financial position, this reclassification did not have 
any effect on the statement of comprehensive income and 
statement of changes in equity. 
 
 
30.  Authorisation of financial statements  
 
These financial statements were authorised for issue in 
accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors of 8I 
Holdings Limited on 25 July 2024.
For personal use only

ADDITION INFORMATION 
 
 
 
 
75 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Shareholders Information as at 24 July 2024 
 
8I Holdings Limited – Ordinary Shares 
 
The Company has ordinary shares on issue. These are listed on the Australian Securities Exchange under ASX code: 8IH. Details of trading 
activity are published daily by electronic information vendors. All ordinary shares carry one vote per share without restriction. 
 
Analysis of Shareholders and CDI Holders*  
 
 
Category (size of holding) 
 
Number of 
holders 
 
Number of 
shares 
 
% of issued 
capital 
1 – 1,000 
28 
9,606 
0.00% 
1,001 – 5,000 
78 
293,274 
0.08% 
5,001 – 10,000 
61 
554,033 
0.16% 
10,001 – 100,000 
 
421 
19,271,591 
5.54% 
100,001 – and over 
226 
328,032,361 
94.22% 
 
 
814 
348,160,865 
100.00% 
 
The number of investors holding less than a marketable parcel of 41,667 8IH shares (based on a share price of A$0.012) was 387. They hold 
6,328,747 8IH shares in total . 
 
Twenty Largest Shareholders and CDI Holders* 
 
 
Registered Holder 
 
 
Number of 
Shares 
% of issued 
capital 
1. 
Chee Kuan Tat, Ken 
 
86,885,009 
24.96% 
2. 
Clive Tan Che Koon 
 
65,140,000 
18.71% 
3. 
BNP Paribas Noms Pty Ltd 
 
46,267,818 
13.29% 
4. 
Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited 
 
29,252,332 
8.40% 
5. 
HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited 
 
19,408,010 
5.57% 
6. 
Philip John Raff 
 
8,006,840 
2.30% 
7. 
Clarence Wee Kim Leng 
 
2,063,400 
0.59% 
8. 
Lim Wei Lin 
 
2,000,000 
0.57% 
9. 
Alex Chia Che Keng 
 
1,398,140 
0.40% 
10. Hor Chook Lam 
 
1,348,737 
0.39% 
11. Hue Kuan Yew 
 
1,203,914 
0.35% 
12. Fance Chua Meon Keng 
 
1,118,000 
0.32% 
13. Loo Tian Guan 
 
1,107,203 
0.32% 
14. Kang Tien Hock Edwin 
 
1,105,664 
0.32% 
15. Roger Ho Tian Teck 
 
1,024,099 
0.29% 
16. Yap Pei Koon 
 
1,020,872 
0.29% 
17. Willyama Asset Management Pty Ltd 
 
923,556 
0.27% 
18. Tan Chong Yan 
 
870,020 
0.25% 
19. Lau Eng Seng 
 
776,243 
0.22% 
20. Rodney Tay 
 
710,836 
0.20% 
ALL OTHER SHAREHOLDERS 
 
76,530,172 
21.98% 
Total 
 
348,160,865 
100.00% 
 
Notes 
*  CDI Holders are holder of CHESS Depository Interests issued by CHESS Depository Nominees Pty Limited, where each CDI represents a 
beneficial interest in one ordinary share. 
 
 
 
For personal use only

ADDITION INFORMATION 
 
 
 
 
76 
 
8I Holdings Limited and its Subsidiaries   |  Annual Report FY2024 
Shareholders Information as at 24 July 2024 (continued) 
 
Substantial Shareholders and CDI Holders** 
 
Name 
 
Direct Interest 
Shares 
 
% of voting 
power 
 
Deemed 
Interest Shares 
 
% of voting 
power 
 
Chee Kuan Tat, Ken 
86,885,009 
24.96% 
- 
- 
Clive Tan Che Koon 
65,140,000 
18.71% 
- 
- 
 
Notes 
**  This table is compiled on the basis that each holding of CDIs is a separate holding and accordingly, the holding of shares by CHESS 
Depository Nominees Pty Limited is ignored. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ASX Listing Rule 4.10.18 
Current On-Market Buy-Back  
 
There is no current on-market buy-back arrangement for the 
Company. 
 
 
ASX Listing Rule 4.10.20 
Investment 
 
The Group had a total of 25 transactions in securities during the 
financial year ended 31 March 2024 and has paid or accrued 
brokerage and management fees totalling S$106,554 and S$Nil 
respectively. As at 31 March 2024, the Group held investment in 
Autowealth Private Limited, Alphabet Inc-CL A, Amplify ETF, 
Genting BHD, Paypal Holdings Inc, Vanguard Total Bond Market, 
Vanguard Total Intl Stock and Vanguard Total Stock Mkt ETF. 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Information 
 
Company registration 
number 
201414213R 
ARBN 
601 582 129 
Registered office 
(Singapore) 
1557 Keppel Road #01-01  
Singapore 089066 
Registered office 
(Australia) 
C/- SmallCap Corporate Pty Ltd, Suite 6, 
295 Rokeby Road, Subiaco WA, Australia, 
6008 
Tel: 
+61 (8) 6555 2950 
Fax: 
+61 (8) 6166 0261 
Share registrar 
Boardroom Pty Limited  
Level 7, 207 Kent Street, Sydney, NSW, 
Australia 2000 
Tel: 
+61 (2) 9290 9600 
Fax: 
+61 (2) 9279 0664 
Stock exchange 
listing 
8I Holdings Limited shares are listed on 
the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX 
code: 8IH) 
 
 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For personal use only

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8I Holdings Limited 
(Incorporated in the Republic of Singapore) 
Company Registration Number: 201414213R 
ARBN 601 582 129 
 
www.8iholdings.com 
 
 
Offices 
Singapore 
1557 Keppel Road #01-01 Singapore 089066 
  
 
 
Australia 
C/- SmallCap Corporate Pty Ltd, Suite 6, 295 Rokeby Road, Subiaco WA, Australia, 6008 
T: +61 (8) 6555 2950 
F: +61 (8) 6166 0261 
 
Follow Us On: 
Facebook: 
www.facebook.com/8IHoldings 
Linkedin: 
www.linkedin.com/company/8iholdings 
For personal use only