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Advanced Drainage Systems

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FY2020 Annual Report · Advanced Drainage Systems
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Fiscal Year 2020
Annual Report

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC
ads-pipe.com

ADS Annual Report 2020 /  1

Dear  Fellow Shareholders

Fiscal 2020 was a transformative year for Advanced Drainage Systems. 
We achieved record financial performance; successfully executed on 
our commitments and growth strategy; returned over $100 million to 
shareholders; completed a large, highly strategic acquisition; implemented 
a new capital structure; and built a strong foundation for our Environmental, 
Social and Governance (ESG) program. These accomplishments and our 
continued execution position us well for the future to deliver sustainable, 
long-term growth.

As of this publication, the world is navigating through the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic 
with changes to everyday lives and the way we do business. During this time, ADS and 
Infiltrator facilities remain open as stormwater management and onsite septic solutions 
are critical to the well-being of the communities we serve and essential to the economic 
recovery expected to follow. We take this responsibility very seriously and are committed 
to protecting employee health and safety while providing these essential products and 
services. I’m proud of the entire Company’s efforts over these difficult past few months to 
come together and support each other as well as the communities we serve. Our industry-
leading position and proven business resiliency give me confidence that we will successfully 
manage through these unprecedented times and emerge stronger than before. 

Successfully Executing the Plan

We ended Fiscal 2020 with $1.67 billion in revenue and $362 million of Adjusted EBITDA, up 
21% and 56% year-over-year, respectively. Our domestic construction market sales outpaced 
the growth in their end markets by 600 basis points, driven by continued execution of 
material conversion and water management solutions, as well as focus on key growth 
states. Sales in our domestic agriculture market also increased by 35% as we capitalized 
on favorable industry dynamics by successfully implementing organizational changes, 
introducing new products and executing with greater focus. 

Adjusted EBITDA margin expanded 480 basis points to 21.6%, driven by the traditional 
ADS levers of strong sales growth, disciplined pricing and favorable material and recycling 
costs as well as the contribution from the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies. We 
are also building additional profitability levers focused on fundamental improvements to 
transportation and logistics as well as continuous improvement in manufacturing, which 
started to gain traction towards the end of the year. These will be important initiatives that 
drive better delivery performance, quality and operational results. 

2
2

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 The outstanding financial results of the past year allowed us to achieve our long-term Adjusted EBITDA and cash 
conversion targets one year ahead of plan while also remaining on track to achieve our long-term revenue target. 
The domestic business is exceeding expectations due to outperformance in the construction markets while the 
international business has faced challenges, primarily from the market decline in Mexico. Despite the International 
segment being difficult from a demand perspective, we improved International EBITDA by 3.5% in FY20 led by the 
Canada and Exports businesses. The fundamentals of the ADS and Infiltrator businesses built on material conversion, 
Allied product growth, focus on key states that drive construction spending, new products, material recycling expertise 
and scale, plus the focus on continuous improvement and supply chain execution remain the right activities to focus 
on in the stormwater and on-site septic markets.  

Transformative Acquisition and Improved Capital Structure

The most notable event of Fiscal 2020 was the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, a leader in on-site septic 
wastewater treatment. This strategic acquisition combined the leaders in stormwater and on-site septic wastewater 
management. Infiltrator and ADS have highly complementary businesses with similar go-to-market distribution 
strategies, innovation and most importantly a shared commitment to material science and recycling. This acquisition 
was the natural evolution of more than 15 years of mutual partnership. Since closing the acquisition, we have an even 
greater appreciation for Infiltrator’s world-class operations and are pleased that their performance to date is better 
than initially planned. The synergy plans, focused on recycling, procurement and material science, are on pace to 
deliver targeted synergies of $20 to $25 million by the third year following the close of the acquisition. We are excited 
about the fundamental strengths that Infiltrator adds to the Company for sales growth, margin expansion and cash 
flow generation. 

To fund this acquisition, significant changes were made to ADS’ capital structure. We issued $300 million of equity and 
$1.05 billion of debt with maturities into 2027, with favorable market reaction to both offerings. Immediately following 
the acquisition we had a leverage ratio of 4.4 times Adjusted EBITDA, which is above our target leverage range of 2 to 
3 times. We made a commitment to get back within the targeted range by the end of calendar 2020 and achieved 
this one year ahead of schedule with a leverage ratio at 2.7 times in March 2020 by issuing the equity, early payment of 
$50M of the term loan and strong cash flow performance of the business. We continue to focus on reducing leverage 
to the lower end of the target range to protect and enhance our already strong balance sheet and liquidity position.  

Looking Ahead

Fiscal 2021 started similarly to how the prior year ended with strength across the majority of our businesses and end 
markets. Demand and business activity remained fairly stable into the first quarter, but we expect market conditions 
may be less favorable in the second half of the year. Accordingly, a cost reduction and efficiency program was 
implemented to get ahead of what could be a potentially difficult demand environment. We continue to closely 
follow the markets, work the plan and make the necessary adjustments to operate the ADS and Infiltrator businesses. 

We are committed to providing a safe and healthy work environment for employees and took this to a new level over 
the past few months. In response to the pandemic, we implemented appropriate health protocols across all of the 
ADS and Infiltrator facilities and closely following guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 
as well as federal, state and local governments. We also continue to prioritize investments in safety, highlighted by the 
$4 million approved for safety-related capital projects in Fiscal 2020.

ADS Annual Report 2020 /  3
ADS Annual Report 2020 /  3

Beyond safety, we made other investments in ADS’ Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) program last year, 
which will continue to be a priority as we move through Fiscal 2021 and beyond. I am excited to announce that we 
began tracking energy usage and emissions output by setting up processes and procedures to gather this data 
efficiently throughout our network. We will report on this data as well as our recycling efforts, fleet efficiency and safety 
metrics, as recommended by the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), in our Fiscal 2020 Sustainability 
Report. We have made significant progress on sustainability related objectives and are excited to continue to build a 
best-in-class ESG program. 

As we continue to adjust to what the new normal will look like in Fiscal 2021 and beyond, we are focused on the safety 
and well-being of employees. We will also maintain flexibility to adjust our strategy and operating levers to maximize 
value creation with a focus on delivering operational improvements, executing our material conversion and water 
management solutions strategies, expanding in key states where construction growth remains active and becoming 
a more sustainable company. Though we are facing new challenges as a company and as a nation, our goal remains 
the same: driving shareholder value through sales growth, margin improvement and cash flow generation while 
maintaining a healthy balance sheet. Furthermore, we are working to strategically position the business to respond to 
changes in demand as well as ensuring the capability to ramp up quickly when economic recovery occurs. 

Finally, I want to thank the customers and the communities we serve for entrusting ADS with their water 
management needs, our shareholders for their ongoing support and most of all, our employees, whose adherence 
to new health protocols and work with management in this new environment have ultimately driven our success 
and ability to service ADS and Infiltrator customers. I am confident we will emerge a stronger business as market 
conditions improve.  

Sincerely, 

D. Scott Barbour 
President and CEO

4 / ADS Annual Report 2020 
4

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 Letter from the Chairman

Dear Fellow Shareholders,

The ADS Board is focused on value creation. 

In this past fiscal year, the board made the decision to declare a $75 million special 
dividend to all shareholders and take an important step to winddown the ESOP. Notably, 
ADS has returned $200 million to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases 
since going public. Further, ADS preserved the financial strength to pursue the Infiltrator 
Water Technologies acquisition, announced last August, as well as fund substantial capital 
investments as part of our three-year growth plan. 

ADS also continued to deliver strong financial performance, growing Adjusted EBITDA by 56% 
to $362 million in Fiscal 2020.

The board also took steps to strengthen governance and respond to shareholder priorities. 
These governance enhancements included a proposal to declassify the board over the next 
three years, at which point all directors would stand for election on an annual basis. The 
board also approved the proposal to eliminate the supermajority vote requirement for charter 
and bylaw changes that require shareholder approval. In addition, the board introduced 
the majority vote standard for the uncontested election of our directors (with a plurality 
carveout for contested elections).  These actions follow best practices and establish greater 
accountability to our shareholders. 

Additionally, as part of our governance work, the board established an Environmental, 
Social and Governance (ESG) board sub-committee to develop and review ADS’ corporate 
citizenship, sustainability programs and ESG policies. The sub-committee will be led by 
Michael Coleman, the former Mayor of Columbus, Ohio, who has a unique experience in 
driving sustainability programs and ESG initiatives. The sub-committee will periodically review 
the Company’s sustainability strategy and performance, as well as its reporting and disclosure 
practices. This is an important step in advancing ADS’ ESG program by providing enhanced 
focus, oversight and accountability at the board level. 

Finally, the board is working to ensure that ADS has experienced, diverse and independent 
directors. In Fiscal 2020, ADS welcomed an exceptional leader, Manuel Perez de la Mesa, to 
our board of directors. Manny is a respected industry veteran who brings deep experience 
in industrial distribution, strategic planning, and international operations. The board is also 
proposing that shareholders approve a new director, Anesa Chaibi, at the annual shareholder 
meeting. Anesa has broad general management experience in variety of industries with a 
deep understanding of the water industry gained during her time at HD Supply and General 
Electric. ADS governance is strengthened with these two outstanding leaders.

Collectively, the actions taken this year by the company and the board will help ADS sustain 
long-term growth and deliver shareholder value. On behalf of the board, you have our 
commitment to continue to focus on driving value creation.

C. Robert Kidder 
Chairman of the Board of Directors

ADS Annual Report 2020 /  5
ADS Annual Report 2020 /  5

Company Snapshot

Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. (ADS) is a leading manufacturer of high performance thermoplastic corrugated 
pipe, providing innovative solutions to some of the world’s most challenging water management problems. 
Whether at construction sites, on farmland or within businesses, schools and neighborhoods, our products make 
a difference in communities around the world. We established our market leading position through innovative 
products that displace traditional materials and we have accelerated our growth by differentiating ourselves as a 
water management solutions provider. Our comprehensive set of products help communities efficiently and safely 
manage storm and waste water from the minute it hits the ground until it is released back into the ecosystem. 

$1.7 
billion

2020 
Revenue

Leader in 
stormwater 
management 
solutions

Leader in  
Onsite septic 
wastewater 
management

550 
million

Pounds of recycled 
plastic purchased 
 in FY20

Industry’s 
Largest 
Service  
Network

4,950

Total Number 
of Employees

$4 
million

approved for Safety 
related capital 
projects in FY20

Engineering  
and Installation 
Support Services  
Complementing our 
Best-in-Class 
Products

Significant 
Footprint 
Spanning the U.S., 
Canada, Mexico and 
South America

3,000+ 

Distribution  
Partners

Spotlight on ADS’ Agriculture Business

Fiscal 2020 saw significant growth in our domestic agriculture market 
sales, as we capitalized on favorable industry dynamics through 
improved execution. We successfully implemented organizational 
changes and introduced new products, further capitalizing on the 20% 
agriculture market growth driven by prevented plant acres and pent 
up-demand. ADS’ agriculture sales outpaced the market by 15% as we 
generated broad-based growth across the Untied States. We made 
incredible progress this year and look forward to building on these 
achievements in the years to come. 

6
6

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 Key Financial Highlights

FY 2020 Revenue 
(Figures in millions)

CAGR: 6.7%

FY 2020 Adjusted EBITDA1 
(Figures in millions)

CAGR: 17.9%

$1,180
$1,291

$1,257

$1,330

$1,385

$1,674

$187

$193

$210

$232

$362

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

1 EBITDA adjustments exclude one-time transaction costs 
  and certain non-cash items.

FY 2020 Sales by Geography

FY 2020 Sales by Product Category

91%

Domestic

6%

3%

Canada

Other 
International

64%

Pipe

24%

Allied

12%

On-Site  
Septic

FY 2020 Domestic Revenue Growth vs. End Market

End Market

% of Domestic Sales

Market Performance2

ADS Sales

Non-Residential 
Construction

Residential 
Construction3

Infrastructure 
Construction

Agriculture

52%

32%

8%

8%

+3%

+2%

+1%

+20%

+7%

+76%

+6%

+35%

Organic4 construction market sales outperformed overall end markets by 600 basis points

1 Non-GAAP.  Please see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section of the accompanying Form 10-K for the 
definitions of non-GAAP measures and reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to GAAP measures.

2 Based on management estimates. 

3 Includes Infiltrator Water Technologies results.

4 Organic results represent the legacy ADS business and exclude Infiltrator Water Technologies results.

ADS Annual Report 2020 /  7
ADS Annual Report 2020 /  7

Infiltrator Water Technologies Overview

Infiltrator Overview

•  Leading national provider of onsite septic 

wastewater treatment products

•  Market leader in leachfield chambers and 

systems, septic tanks and accessories

•  Sophisticated and scaled internal recycling 

capabilities complementary to ADS

•  Best-in-class manufacturing technologies 

•  Strong commitment to innovation 

A Compelling 
Strategic Acquisition

Builds on ADS’ core strengths and enhances 
position as a leader in water management solutions

Expands and diversifies ADS’ addressable 
opportunity into hIghly related and attractive 
on-site septic business

Shared go-to-market distribution strategy founded 
on driving conversion from traditional materials

Complementary cultures, similar growth strategies 
and a shared commitment to innovation

Strengthens ADS’ commitment to sustainability 
with best-in-class polypropylene (PP) and 
polyethylene (PE) recycling capabilities

Enhances ADS’ growth, margin and cash flow profile 
as well as expected to generate significant synergies

8
8

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 

On-Site  
Wastewater Overview

•  The On-site wastewater industry was an 

estimated $1.2 billion in 2018

•  Approximately 30% of the new North 
American single-family homes utilize 
septic systems

•  Replacement systems make up 

approximately one third of overall 
demand

•  Traditionally, wastewater systems have 

been comprised of pipe and stone leach 
fields and concrete septic tanks

Infiltrator Water Technologies Wastewater System

1

2

3

4

Piping/Transfer: wastewater is fed through piping systems 
into an underground tank located outside of the home

Septic Tank (Primary Treatment): stores and treats solids 
while releasing clarified effluent into the leach field

Leach field (Secondary Treatment): stores and allows 
infiltration of effluent into soil; naturally treated and 
returned to the local aquifer

Controls: flow control units and devices can be 
incorporated to better treat the effluent on sites with poor 
soil conditions

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 Storming the Field at KIPP Columbus

Advanced Drainage Systems donated 

300

StormTech chambers 
to build a stormwater retention system 
below the athletic campus. 

On October 24, 2019, KIPP (“Knowledge Is Power Program”) Columbus, a free college preparatory public school serving 
nearly 2,000 students from 6 weeks old through the 12th grade from under-served communities, held a ribbon 
cutting ceremony at their newly constructed football field in Columbus, OH. The following day, the school’s first class 
of graduating seniors hosted their first and only home football game of the year. This milestone event was a long time 
coming and marked the unwavering commitment of school leaders through a number of construction obstacles.

KIPP works with families and communities to create joyful, 
academically excellent schools that prepare students with the skills 
and confidence to pursue the paths they choose - college, career, and 
beyond - so they can lead fulfilling lives and create a more just world. 
Nationally, there are 242 KIPP schools serving more than 100,000 
students and more than 12,000 KIPP alumni who are graduating from 
college at a rate of three times their peers. Founded in 2008 with 50 
students in the 5th grade, KIPP Columbus has grown to serve nearly 
2,000 students from birth through twelfth grade. The spring of 2020 
represents a landmark for KIPP Columbus as they celebrate their first 
class of graduating seniors from KIPP Columbus High School. 

When the project first broke ground, contractors quickly discovered 
six feet of peat, or soil material consisting of decaying plants, below 
the surface. With its low strength level and high compressibility, 
contractors knew quickly the peat had to be removed. However, the 
removal and replacement presented its own challenges, including 
unexpected associated costs and build time and more importantly, 
a new way to manage stormwater on the build site given the high 
water retention of peat.

As part of Advanced Drainage Systems’ continued commitment that began in 2008 when we helped to initially build 
the KIPP Columbus High campus, we donated 300 StormTech chambers to build a stormwater retention system 
under the athletic campus last year. The system went in fast, enabling construction to continue and eventually finish 
in time for that one and only home football game of 2019.

Advanced Drainage Systems is proud to be a part of this milestone for KIPP Columbus as we strive to be a good 
community partner where our employees live and work.

Go Jaguars!

ADS Annual Report 2020 /  9

Industry Leading Recycling Solutions 

Sustainability is at the core of who we are and what we do. We are proud of the important 
work we are doing to have a positive environmental, operational and social impact.

We are one of the 5 largest plastic recycling companies in North America. In Fiscal 2020, ADS and Infiltrator purchased 
over half a billion pounds of recycled plastic, keeping it out of landfills and further preventing over 730 million pounds 
of Greenhouse Gas emissions (GHG) from being released into the atmosphere. Our industry-leading resin blending 
programs convert this recycled plastic into pipe, chambers and other products that can support America’s stormwater 
management and on-site septic needs. 

In fiscal 2020, we consumed

29% 

of the recycled pigmented HDPE 
bottles in the United States.

The amount of recycled plastic we consumed in fiscal 2020 
reduced our Greenhouse Gas emissions by over 730 million 
pounds, which amounts to taking

70,000  

cars off the road.

In fiscal 2020, 
we consumed 
29% of the 
recycled 
pigmented 
HDPE bottles 
in the United 
States. 

<1  
year
LIFE SPAN

These bottles 
as well as other 
plastics and 
recyclable 
materials are 
picked up through 
curbside recycling 
programs and 
taken to recycling 
centers.

At the recycling 
centers, 
materials are 
sorted and 
packed into 
bales. The bales 
are then taken 
to our recycling 
facilities. 

We sort, shred and 
wash the material, 
turning it into 
clean plastic 
flakes. We test all 
plastic material 
for quality 
assurance.

Flake may be 
further pelletized 
and is then 
used in the 
manufacturing 
process.

ADS pipe 
products are 
installed in 
storm water 
systems that are 
designed  
to last over  
100 years

Figures based on “Life Cycle Impacts For Postconsumer Recycled Resins,: PET, HDPE, and PP” report prepared for the Association of 

Plastics Recyclers by Franklin Associates, A Division of Eastern Research Group, published in December 2018.

100+  
years
LIFE SPAN

10
10

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 

/ ADS Annual Report 2020 Sustainability By-the-Numbers

ENVIRONMENTAL

5th Largest 
recycling company 
in North America

66%  
of pipe revenue derived 
from remanufactured 
products

550 Million¹ 
pounds of 
recycled plastic 
purchased

44%¹ increase 
in purchased 
recycled plastic 

7% decrease 
in greenhouse  
gas emissions 
(sales weighted)

3% decrease 
in energy intensity

(NMFR)

11% decrease 
in near-miss 
frequency rate 
(NMFR)

4% increase 
in payload 
efficiency

SOCIAL & GOVERNANCE

ADS 
Philanthropic 
Foundation 
Established in 2020

$2 Million 
donated to charitable 
organizations

OPERATIONAL

$4 Million 
approved for safety-
related capital projects 
in FY20

12% decrease 
in scrap rate 

16% decrease 
in downtime rate

2% increase 
in fleet MPG

400+  
employees 
participated in 
leadership training

Engaged with 
40% of institutional 
shareholder base around 
corporate governance 
effectiveness and 
sustainability efforts 

2 enhancements 
made to corporate 
governance program

ESG Board of 
Directors  
Sub-Committee  
Established in 2020

1 Includes Infiltrator Water Technologies purchases.

ADS Annual Report 2020 /  11

Board of Directors 

Executive Officers 

Robert Kidder 
Chairman

Scott Barbour 
Director, President and  
Chief Executive Officer

Michael Coleman 
Partner 
Ice Miller LLP

Robert M. Eversole 
Managing Director  
Stonehenge Partners, Inc.

Alexander R. Fischer 
President and Chief Executive Officer 
Columbus Partnership

Tanya Fratto 
Retired President and Chief Executive Officer 
General Electric Superabrasives

M.A. (Mark) Haney 
Retired Executive Vice President of Olefins and 
Polyolefins 
Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LP

Ross M. Jones 
Managing Director 
Berkshire Partners

Carl A. Nelson, Jr. 
Retired Managing Partner 
Arthur Andersen

Manuel J. Perez de la Mesa 
Retired President and Chief Executive Officer 
Pool Corporation

Scott Barbour 
Director, President and  
Chief Executive Officer

Scott A. Cottrill 
Executive Vice President,  
Chief Financial Officer, Secretary

Darin Harvey 
Executive Vice President, Supply Chain

Robert M. Klein 
Executive Vice President, Sales

Roy E. Moore, Jr. 
Executive Vice President, Infiltrator

Kevin C. Talley 
Executive Vice President and 
Chief Administrative Officer

Ronald R. Vitarelli 
Executive Vice President, 
Engineering and Business Development

Chairman Emeritus

Joe Chlapaty 
Chlapaty Investments LLC 
Retired Chairman, President and  
Chief Executive Officer  
Advanced Drainage Systems

12

/ ADS Annual Report 2020   Of  

) 

UNITED STATES  
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION  
Washington, D.C. 20549  

Form 10-K  

☒  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 
OR  

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934  

☐ 

For the transition period from                      to                       

COMMISSION FILE NO.: 001-36557  

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC.  
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)  

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 

51-0105665 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification Number) 

4640 Trueman Boulevard, Hilliard, Ohio 43026  
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)  
(614) 658-0050  
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share  
  Trading 
Symbol(s) 

Title of Each Class  

Name of Each Exchange On Which Registered 

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share 

  WMS 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None  

New York Stock Exchange 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒ 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐    No  ☒  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject 
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐  

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant 
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant 
was required to submit such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting, or an 
emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging 
growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)  

☒ 
Large Accelerated Filer 
☐ 
Non-Accelerated Filer 
Emerging Growth Company ☐ 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with 
any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐ 

Accelerated Filer 
Smaller Reporting Company 

☐ 
☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its 
internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting 
firm that prepared or issued its audit report. Yes  ☒    No  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No  ☒  

The aggregate market value of the shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant (treating all executive officers and directors of 
the registrant, for this purpose, as affiliates of the registrant) was $1,540 million as of September 30, 2019, the last business day of the registrant’s 
most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based on the reported closing price of the shares of common stock as reported on the New York 
Stock Exchange on September 30, 2019.  

As of May 19, 2020, the registrant had 69,338,180 shares of common stock outstanding. The shares of common stock trade on the New York 
Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “WMS.” In addition, as of May 19, 2020, 392,994 shares of unvested restricted common stock were 
outstanding and 21,559,132 shares of ESOP preferred stock, convertible into 16,583,284 shares of common stock, were outstanding. As of May 
19, 2020, 86,314,458 shares of common stock were outstanding, inclusive of outstanding shares of unvested restricted common stock and on an 
as-converted basis with respect to the outstanding shares of ESOP preferred stock.  

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE  
Part III of this report incorporates by reference specific portions of the Registrant’s Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement relating to the 
Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on July 23, 2020. 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Cautionary Statement About Forward-Looking Statements ............................................................................  

PART I  

Item 1. 

Business ...............................................................................................................................................  

Item 1A.  Risk Factors ........................................................................................................................................  

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments ..............................................................................................................  

Item 2. 

Properties ............................................................................................................................................  

Item 3. 

Legal Proceedings ..............................................................................................................................  

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures .....................................................................................................................  

PART II  

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases 
of Equity Securities .......................................................................................................................  

Item 6. 

Selected Financial and Operating Data ............................................................................................  

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations .......  

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk ......................................................  

Item 8. 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data ..............................................................................  

Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountant on Accounting and Financial Disclosure ........  

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures ...................................................................................................................  

Item 9B.  Other Information..............................................................................................................................  

PART III  

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance .............................................................  

Item 11.  Executive Compensation ...................................................................................................................  

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters ...........................................................................................................................................  

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ............................  

Page 
1 

3 

15 

36 

36 

37 

37 

38 

40 

44 

70 

72 

72 

72 

73 

74 

74 

74 

74 

Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services ..........................................................................................  

74 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules  ..................................................................................  

75  

Item 16.  Form 10-K Summary .........................................................................................................................  

80 

PART IV  

ii 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents 

Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements. Some of the forward-looking 
statements can be identified by the use of terms such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” 
“seeks,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or other comparable terms. These forward-looking statements 
include all matters that are not related to present facts or current conditions or that are not historical facts. They 
appear in a number of places throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K and include statements regarding our 
intentions, beliefs or current expectations concerning, among other things, our consolidated results of operations, 
financial condition, liquidity, prospects, growth strategies, and the industries in which we operate and include, 
without limitation, statements relating to our future performance. 

Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are 

beyond our control. We caution that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and that 
our actual consolidated results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and industry development may differ 
materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K. In addition, even if our actual consolidated results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and 
industry development are consistent with the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 
10-K, those results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods. A 
number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in or implied by the 
forward-looking statements, including those reflected in forward-looking statements relating to our operations and 
business, the risks and uncertainties discussed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (including under the heading 
“Item 1A. Risk Factors”) and those described from time to time in our other filings with the SEC. Factors that could 
cause actual results to differ from those reflected in forward-looking statements relating to our operations and 
business include, among other things: 

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fluctuations in the price and availability of resins and other raw materials and our ability to pass any 
increased costs of raw materials on to our customers in a timely manner; 

volatility in general business and economic conditions in the markets in which we operate, including the 
adverse impact on the U.S. and global economy of the COVID-19 global pandemic, and the impact of 
COVID-19 in the near, medium and long-term on our business, results of operations, financial position, 
liquidity or cash flows, and other limitation factors relating to availability of credit, interest rates, 
fluctuations in capital and business and consumer confidence; 

cyclicality and seasonality of the non-residential and residential construction markets and infrastructure 
spending; 

the risks of increasing competition in our existing and future markets, including competition from both 
manufacturers of high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe and manufacturers of products using 
alternative materials; 

uncertainties surrounding the integration of acquisitions and similar transactions, including the 
acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies and the integration of Infiltrator Water Technologies; 

our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies; 

risks that the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies and related transactions may involve 
unexpected costs, liabilities or delays; 

our ability to continue to convert current demand for concrete, steel and polyvinyl chloride (“PVC”) 
pipe products into demand for our high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe and Allied Products; 

the effect of any claims, litigation, investigations or proceedings, including those described below under 
“Item 3. Legal Proceedings” of this Annual Report; 

the effect of weather or seasonality; 

the loss of any of our significant customers; 

the risks of doing business internationally; 

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our ability to remediate the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, including 
remediation of the control environment for our joint venture affiliate ADS Mexicana, S.A. de C.V. as 
described in “Item 9A. Controls and Procedures” of this Annual Report; 

the risks of conducting a portion of our operations through joint ventures; 

our ability to expand into new geographic or product markets, including risks associated with new 
markets and products associated with our recent acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies; our 
ability to achieve the acquisition component of our growth strategy; 

the risk associated with manufacturing processes; 

our ability to manage our assets; 

the risks associated with our product warranties; 

our ability to manage our supply purchasing and customer credit policies; 

the risks associated with our self-insured programs; 

our ability to control labor costs and to attract, train and retain highly qualified employees and key 
personnel; 

our ability to protect our intellectual property rights; 

changes in laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations; 

our ability to project product mix; 

the risks associated with our current levels of indebtedness, including borrowings under our existing 
credit agreement and outstanding indebtedness under our existing senior notes; 

the nature, cost and outcome of any future litigation and other legal proceedings, including any such 
proceedings related to our acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies as may be instituted against the 
Company and others; 

fluctuations in our effective tax rate, including from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act;  

changes to our operating results, cash flows and financial condition attributable to the Tax Cuts and Jobs 
Act; 

our ability to meet future capital requirements and fund our liquidity needs;  

the risk that information may arise that would require the Company to make adjustments or revisions or 
to restate further the financial statements and other financial data for certain prior periods and any future 
periods; 

any delay in the filing of any filings with the SEC; 

the review of potential weaknesses or deficiencies in the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, 
and discovering further weaknesses of which we are not currently aware or which have not been 
detected; 

additional uncertainties related to accounting issues generally; and 

other risks and uncertainties, including those listed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” 

Please read this Annual Report on Form 10-K completely and with the understanding that actual future results 
may be materially different from expectations. All forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 
10-K are qualified by these cautionary statements. All forward-looking statements are made only as of the date of 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and we do not undertake any obligation, other than as may be required by law, to 
update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect future events or developments. Comparisons of results for 
current and any prior periods are not intended to express any future trends, or indications of future performance, 
unless expressed as such, and should only be viewed as historical data. 

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Item 1. 

Business 

COMPANY OVERVIEW 

PART I 

Unless the context otherwise indicates or requires, as used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the terms 

“we,” “our,” “us,” “ADS” and the “Company” refer to Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. and its directly- and 
indirectly-owned subsidiaries as a combined entity, except where it is clear that the terms mean only Advanced 
Drainage Systems, Inc. exclusive of its subsidiaries. The term “Infiltrator Water Technologies” refers to Infiltrator 
Water Technologies Ultimate Holdings, Inc., our wholly owned subsidiary. The term “Legacy ADS” refers to the 
combined entity excluding Infiltrator Water Technologies. 

We are the leading manufacturer of innovative water management solutions in the stormwater and on-site 

septic waste water industries, providing superior drainage solutions for use in the construction and agriculture 
marketplace. Our innovative products are used across a broad range of end markets and applications, including non-
residential, infrastructure and agriculture applications. We have established a leading position in many of these end 
markets by leveraging our national sales and distribution platform, overall product breadth and scale and 
manufacturing excellence.  

On July 31, 2019, we completed the acquisition (the “Acquisition”) of Infiltrator Water Technologies, a 
leading national provider of plastic leach field chambers and systems, septic tanks and accessories, primarily for use 
in residential applications. Infiltrator Water Technologies products are used in on-site water treatment systems in the 
United States and Canada. Infiltrator Water Technologies has been a longstanding supplier and customer of the 
Company for over 15 years of StormTech and ARC Septic Chambers. 

We are the leading manufacturer of high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe, providing a 
comprehensive suite of water management products and superior drainage solutions for use in the underground 
construction and infrastructure marketplace. Our products are generally lighter, more durable, more cost effective 
and easier to install than comparable alternatives made with traditional materials. Following our entrance into the 
non-residential construction market with the introduction of N-12 corrugated polyethylene pipe in the late 1980s, 
our pipe has been displacing traditional materials, such as reinforced concrete, corrugated steel and polyvinyl 
chloride, or PVC, across an ever expanding range of end markets, including non-residential, residential, agriculture 
and infrastructure applications. We have established a leading position in many of these end markets by leveraging 
our national sales and distribution platform, our overall product breadth and scale and our manufacturing excellence. 
In the United States, our national footprint combined with our strong local presence and broad product offering 
make us the leader in an otherwise highly fragmented sector comprised of many smaller competitors. We believe the 
ADS brand has long been associated with quality products and market-leading performance. Our trademarked green 
stripe, which is prominently displayed on many of our products, serves as clear identification of our commitment to 
the customers and markets we serve. 

We believe the increasing acceptance of thermoplastic pipe products in international markets represents an 

attractive growth opportunity. We further believe our extensive national footprint in the United States creates a cost 
and service advantage compared to our HDPE pipe producing competitors, the largest of which has only eight 
HDPE pipe manufacturing plants in the United States and Canada and, according to the December 23, 2019 ranking 
by Plastics News of Pipe, Profile & Tubing Extruders, had estimated sales of $140 million, or approximately 12 
times less than our net sales for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020. 

The Acquisition strengthens our position as an industry leading provider of plastic storm water and plastic 

wastewater solutions globally. The Acquisition adds scale in the on-site wastewater industry. We estimate that the 
storm water industry is an approximately $6.0 billion industry. We estimate that the on-site septic market is a 
roughly $1.2 billion industry and that approximately 30% of new North American single-family homes utilize septic 
systems. On a combined basis, we estimate that we had an addressable market opportunity of approximately $7 
billion. 

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As illustrated in the charts below, we provide a broad range of high performance thermoplastic corrugated 

pipe and related water management products to a highly diversified set of end markets and geographies. 

Fiscal 2020 Revenue 

SEGMENT INFORMATION 

For a discussion of segment and geographic information, see “Note 21. Business Segment Information” to our 
audited consolidated financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this 
Form 10-K. 

OUR MANUFACTURING AND DISTRIBUTION PLATFORM 

Pipe - We have a leading domestic and international manufacturing and distribution infrastructure, serving 
customers in all 50 U.S. states, Canada, Mexico and approximately 80 other countries through 64 manufacturing 
plants and 32 distribution centers, including eight manufacturing plants and five distribution centers owned or leased 
by our joint ventures. We manufacture our corrugated pipe products in 17 different diameters ranging from 2” to 60” 
using a continuous extrusion process, where molten polyethylene or polypropylene is pushed through a die into a 
moving series of corrugated U-shaped molds. Blown air and vacuum are used to form the corrugations of the pipe 
which is pulled through a corrugator and then cut to length. We utilize customized and proprietary production 
equipment, which we believe is faster and more cost efficient than other pipe making equipment generally available 
in the market. 

Domestically, we are capable of producing more than one billion pounds of pipe annually on a standard five-
day per week schedule. Additional capacity is in place to support seasonal production needs and expected growth. 
Our production equipment is built to accept transportable molds and die tooling over a certain range of sizes so each 
plant is not required to house the full range of tooling at any given time. This transportability provides us with the 
flexibility to optimize our capacity through centrally coordinated production planning, which helps to adapt to 
shifting sales demand patterns while reducing the capital needed for tooling. With our large manufacturing footprint 
in place, we can support rapid seasonal growth in demand, focusing on customer service while minimizing 
transportation costs. 

Allied and Other - The standard fittings products (tees, wyes, elbows, etc.) that we produce and sell to connect 
our pipe on jobsites are blow molded or injection molded at three domestic plants. In addition, customized fabricated 
fittings (e.g., more complex dual wall pipe reducers, bends or structures) are produced in 20 of our North American 
plants. In addition to the extrusion of pipe, and blow molding and injection molding of fittings, we also use a variety 

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of other processes in our manufacturing facilities. These processes include thermoforming, compression molding, 
and custom plastic welding and fabrication. The wide variety of production processes and expertise allow us to 
provide cost-effective finished goods at competitive prices delivered in a timely fashion to our customers. 

Our manufacturing plants have no material process-related by-products released into the atmosphere, 
waterways, or solid waste discharge. During pipe production start-ups and size changeovers, non-compliant scrap 
and any damaged finished goods pipe are recycled through a grinder for internal re-use.  

Infiltrator Water Technologies – We produce septic chambers, tanks and accessories at our six manufacturing 
facilities. which include 23 injection molding machines ranging in size from approximately 750 tons to 6,000 tons.  
Our molds and machines have been designed to maximize interchangeability to optimize flexibility, maximize 
efficiency and minimize downtime. 

We have developed extensive expertise in molding very large parts including chambers in excess of 130 
pounds and tank halves weighing in excess of 240 pounds. We have jointly designed all injection molds, built one of 
the largest injection molds in world and designed and built its own injection molding machines. Additionally, we 
have extensive experience designing, installing and programing automation cells which are heavily incorporated 
throughout the molding operation.  

EZflow is produced at five facilities throughout the U.S. using steam expansion. Using steam expansion, these 
plants convert profile extruded polystyrene bead, having been injected with gas, into an EPS aggregate, or synthetic 
stone. The bead used to produce the aggregate can be either purchased through a third-party supplier or produced on 
a tandem extruder in one of our other facilities and then shipped to the EZflow manufacturing facilities. Once 
expanded, the bead is formed into various diameter bundles with various design capabilities to meet targeted market 
needs. 

Presby Environmental Enviro- Septic and Advanced Enviro-Septic systems are produced in one of our 

manufacturing facilities. Enviro-Septic and Advanced Enviro-Septic are manufactured on two production lines. 
Each production line includes corrugated pipe extrusion, pipe perforation, and a sewing cell where the geotextile 
fabrics and plastic fiber are wrapped around the pipe and sewn together to produce the finished product. The fiber 
for all products is manufactured on-site through fiber extrusion, stretching and drying. The EnviroFin are 
manufactured on an independent production line which includes fabric layout, fiber roll and pipe insertion, and 
fabric boding via adhesives. All coupling adapters and end caps required to complete field installation are injection 
molded on-site and shipped with the various products as required. Enviro-Septic and Advanced Enviro-Septic are 
cut to 10’ lengths and packaged in racks for shipping. 

Delta Treatment Systems manufactures residential advanced wastewater treatment products including Ecopod 

and Whitewater product lines within our facility. The manufacturing process includes assembling contract-
manufactured components along with commercially available components into finished wastewater treatment 
products. In addition, manufacturing produces sub-component assemblies to be used in commercial packaged 
treatment plants designed by Delta Treatment Systems. 

International Presence – We own manufacturing facilities in Canada to produce our products for sale in the 
Canadian markets. We serve international markets primarily in Mexico and South America through joint ventures 
with local partners. Our joint venture strategy has provided us with local and regional access to key markets such as 
Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, and Peru. Our international joint ventures produce pipe and related products to be 
sold in their respective regional markets. We also have wholly-owned subsidiaries that distribute our pipe and 
related products in Europe and the Middle East. Combining local partners’ customer relationships, brand recognition 
and local management talent, with our world-class manufacturing and process expertise, broad product portfolio and 
innovation creates a powerful platform and exciting opportunities for continued profitable international expansion. 

Quality Assurance Control - We have two internal quality assurance control laboratory facilities equipped and 

staffed to evaluate and confirm incoming raw material and finished goods quality in addition to the quality testing 
that is done at our manufacturing facilities. We conduct annual safety, product and process quality audits at each of 
our facilities, using centralized internal resources in combination with external third-party services. In the quality 

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area, various national and international agencies such as National Transportation Product Evaluation Program 
(“NTPEP”), International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (“IAPMO”), Bureau de normalisation 
du Québec (“BNQ”), Intertek for Canadian Standards Association (“CSA”), Entidad Mexicana de Acreditacion A.C. 
(“EMA”) and NSF International and several state Departments of Transportation (“DOT”) and municipal agencies 
conduct both scheduled and unscheduled audits/inspections of our plants to verify product quality and compliance to 
applicable standards. 

Training - Core to our commitment and enablement of a safe and productive manufacturing environment are 
our operational and management training programs. Through our ADS Academy, we deliver targeted role-specific 
training to our operations team members through a blended curriculum of online and hands-on training experiences 
covering safety, quality, product knowledge and manufacturing process. Our learning management system, which 
hosts approximately 350 custom modules, serves as the foundation of our operational training programs and 
provides us with appropriate scale, efficiency, and governance to support our growth. We have a strong commitment 
to the training of our manufacturing supervisors and managers in technical, management, and leadership subjects 
through intense role-based assimilation plans, e-learning and classroom-based development experiences. 

Fleet – For our ADS legacy business, we also operate an in-house fleet of approximately 725 tractors. Our 

effective shipping radius is approximately 300 miles from one of our manufacturing plants or distribution centers. 
The combination of a dedicated fleet and team of company drivers allows greater flexibility and responsiveness in 
meeting dynamic customer jobsite delivery expectations. We strive to achieve less than three-day lead-time on 
deliveries and have the added benefit of redeploying fleet and driver assets to respond to short-term regional spikes 
in sales activity. For deliveries that are outside an economic delivery radius of our truck fleet, common carrier 
deliveries are tendered using a customized software platform to ensure that lowest delivered freight costs are 
achieved. In addition, in the United States and Canada, approximately 12% of our pipe volume is sold on a pick-up 
or walk-in basis at our plant and yard locations, further leveraging our footprint and lowering freight cost per pound 
and per revenue dollar. 

Our North American truck fleet incorporates approximately 1,350 trailers that are specially designed to haul 

our lightweight pipe and fittings products. These designs maximize payload versus conventional over the road 
trailers and facilitate unassisted unloading of our products at the jobsites by our drivers. The scope of fleet 
operations also includes backhaul of purchased raw materials providing a lower delivered cost to our plant locations. 
In addition, we are pleased to announce that as of March 2020 we have committed to work towards a more cost-
effective and environmentally efficient fleet by becoming an official U.S. EPA SmartWay partner. 

Facility Network - Our scale and extensive network of Pipe and Allied Products facilities provide a critical 
cost advantage versus our competitors, as we are able to more efficiently transport products to our customers and 
end users and to promote faster product shipments due to our proximity to the delivery location. The optimized 
design of our Infiltrator Water Technologies chambers and tanks provide the ability to nest products, enabling us to 
manufacture products from one location and efficiently ship throughout North America. 

OUR PRODUCTS 

We design, manufacture and market a complete line of high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe and 

related water management products for use in a wide range of end markets. Our product line includes: single, double 
and triple wall corrugated polypropylene and polyethylene pipe (or “Pipe”), plastic leach field chambers and 
systems, septic tanks and accessories (or “Infiltrator Water Technologies”), and a variety of additional water 
management products (“Allied Products & Other”) including: storm retention/detention and septic chambers (or 
“Chambers”); PVC drainage structures (or “Structures”); fittings (or “Fittings”); and water quality filters and 
separators (or “Water Quality”). We also sell various complementary products distributed through resale 
agreements, including geotextile products, drainage grates and other products (or “Other Resale”). The table below 
summarizes the percentage of Net Sales for Pipe, Infiltrator Water Technologies and Allied Products & Other. 

Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 
Allied Products & Other 

2020 

2019 

2018 

56.9 %     
10.1 %     
8.9 %     
24.1 %     

62.7 %     
—        
11.6 %     
25.7 %     

63.5 % 
—   
11.7 % 
24.8 % 

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Pipe 

Dual Wall Corrugated Pipe - Our N-12 pipe is a dual wall HDPE pipe with a corrugated exterior for strength and a 
smooth interior wall for hydraulics and flow capacity. Our N-12 pipe competes in the storm sewer and drainage 
markets that are also served by concrete pipe. 

Our N-12 pipe is available in 17 different diameters ranging from 2” to 60” and in sections ranging from 10’ to 30’ 
in length. N-12 provides joint integrity, with integral bell and spigot joints for fast push-together installation, and is 
sold either with watertight or soil-tight coupling and fitting systems. 

Our corrugated polyethylene pipe offers many benefits including ease of installation, job-site handling and 
resistance to corrosion and abrasion. Corrugated pipe can easily be cut or coupled together, providing precise laying 
lengths while minimizing installation waste and difficulty. 

HP Storm Pipe and SaniTite HP Pipe - Our HP Storm pipe utilizes polypropylene resin, which provides 
(i) increased pipe stiffness relative to HDPE; (ii) higher Environmental Stress Crack Resistance (“ESCR”); and 
(iii) improved thermal properties, which improves joint performance. These improved physical characteristics result 
in a reduced need for select backfill, which creates installation savings for customers and expands the range of 
possible product applications. 

Our SaniTite HP pipe utilizes the same polypropylene resins as our HP Storm pipe but includes a smooth third 
exterior wall in 30” to 60” pipe. The highly engineered polypropylene resin along with the triple wall design enables 
SaniTite HP to surpass the 46 pounds per square inch (“psi”), stiffness requirement for sanitary sewer applications. 
SaniTite HP offers cost and performance advantages relative to reinforced concrete pipe (such as improved 
hydraulics and better joint integrity) and PVC pipe (such as impact resistance). 

Single Wall Corrugated Pipe - Our single wall corrugated HDPE pipe is ideal for drainage projects where flexibility, 
light weight and low cost are important. Single wall HDPE pipe products have been used for decades in agricultural 
drainage, highway edge drains, septic systems and other construction applications. In the agricultural market, 
improved technology has highlighted the favorable impact of drainage on crop yields. For homeowners, it is an 
economical and easily installed solution for downspout run-off, foundation drains, driveway culverts and general 
lawn drainage. Single wall pipe is also used for golf courses, parks and athletic fields to keep surfaces dry by 
channeling away excess underground moisture. 

Standard single wall products are available in 2” to 24” diameters and sold in varying lengths. Pipe with 2” to 6” 
diameters is typically sold in coils ranging from 25’ to over 3,000’ in length, while larger diameter pipe is typically 
sold in 20’ lengths. Pipe can be either perforated or non-perforated depending on the particular drainage application. 

Triple Wall Corrugated Pipe and Smoothwall HDPE Pipe - Our ADS-3000 Triple Wall pipe, small diameter triple 
wall corrugated pipe, consists of a corrugated polyethylene core molded between a smooth white outer wall and a 
smooth black inner wall. This combination of the three wall design adds strength and stiffness, while reducing 
weight as compared to PVC 2729. Triple Wall is produced in two sizes, 3” and 4”, and sold through our distribution 
network. We also manufacture smoothwall HDPE pipe in 3”, 4”, and 6” diameters that are sold into the residential 
drainage and on-site septic systems markets. 

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Infiltrator Water Technologies 

Infiltrator Water Technologies is the leading designer and manufacturer of highly engineered plastic chambers, 
synthetic aggregate leachfields, combined treatment and dispersal systems, plastic tanks, advanced treatment 
systems, and related accessories that are used in septic systems. The on-site wastewater (septic) market is heavily 
reliant on rural homes and communities that do not have access to centralized sewer and will require an on-site 
wastewater or septic solution. On-site wastewater technologies are scalable and can easily meet the needs of 
churches, schools, light commercial and small community construction projects. 

Leachfield Products – Our Quick4 and ARC line of septic leachfield chambers are injection molded using recycled 
polyolefin materials. There are 10 Quick4 chamber models available to meet a wide variety of regulatory and market 
needs. There are five ARC chamber models available to meet a majority of regulatory and market needs. The 
Quick4 and ARC chambers are engineered for strength and performance, easy to install, and offer the user greater 
design flexibility, including a smaller footprint, as compared with traditional stone and pipe products. The product 
advantages are cost savings on labor, materials and time savings on the job. 

EZflow - EZflow synthetic aggregate bundles replace stone and pipe leachfields for effluent and drainage 
applications. The EZflow proprietary products are a modular design that incorporates recycled polystyrene 
aggregate bundles and corrugated polyethylene pipe that act as a replacement to the traditional materials stone and 
pipe. EZflow septic systems are designed to improve infiltrative performance by eliminating fines and reducing 
compaction and embedment associated with crushed stone installation methods. EZflow drainage products use the 
same polystyrene media and polyethylene pipe with an additional geotextile barrier commonly used in drainage 
applications.  

Tank Products – Our IM-Series line of septic tanks are injection-molded polypropylene plastic tanks manufactured 
from recycled materials. IM-Series septic tanks are available in 500, 1,000, and 1,500-gallon capacities for 
wastewater storage. Our IM-Tank is the only two-piece construction, injection molded tank design in North 
America. In comparison to traditional concrete tanks, our IM-Series septic tanks are easier to transport to the jobsite 
and require less time and energy to install. IM-Series tanks are efficiently shipped in two halves that nest together 
and are assembled locally by certified wholesale distributors prior to being sold to a septic system installer. 
Infiltrator Water Technologies offers a complete line of tank riser and safety accessory components.  

Our IM-Series line of potable tanks are injection-molded polypropylene plastic tanks manufactured from virgin 
materials suitable for water reuse and drinking water storage. IM-Series potable tanks are available in 500, 1,200, 
and 1,750-gallon capacities for water storage. IM-Series potable tanks are commonly used in water cistern 
applications, such as rainwater harvesting systems. IM-Series tanks are efficiently shipped in two halves that nest 
together and are assembled by certified wholesale distributors prior to being sold to a contractor or homeowner. 

Advanced Treatment Systems – Our Delta Treatment Systems’ (“Delta”) advanced wastewater treatment systems 
have been manufactured since the 1960s. Delta provides wastewater treatment solutions for residential and 
commercial systems with daily flows up to 100,000 gallons per day. The Delta product line includes Whitewater, 
ECOPOD, EA, and Package Treatment Plants. All Delta products are available in modular sizes to treat varying 
daily flows of wastewater. Delta products for residential use fall under a certification protocol administered by NSF. 
Delta products for commercial applications are custom designed and manufactured for the requirements of the 
project.  

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Combined Treatment Dispersal Systems - Our Presby Environmental Enviro-Septic and Advanced Enviro-Septic 
systems are proprietary combined treatment and dispersal systems made with a twelve-inch diameter corrugated 
extrusion product that is encapsulated in fibrous materials and geotextiles. These systems when installed in a bed of 
sand have been proven to remove up to 98% of wastewater contaminants without using any electricity or 
replacement media, recycling clean water into the environment and recharging natural water supplies. Advanced 
Enviro-Septic and Enviro-Septic are wastewater treatment systems that combine treatment and dispersal in the same 
small footprint and at a reduced cost with minimal long-term maintenance. Advanced Enviro-Septic and Enviro-
Septic are patented and patent-pending. 

Our Advanced Treatment Leachfield (“ATL”) product is an alternative combined treatment and dispersal 
system that provides passive advanced wastewater treatment. The ATL is a profile of polystyrene aggregates and 
geotextiles installed in a bed of sand. The ATL system provides installers a low maintenance alternative to 
mechanical advanced treatment systems. 

Allied Products & Other 

We produce a range of Allied Products that are complementary to our Pipe products. Our Allied Products 
offer adjacent technologies to our core Pipe offering, presenting a complete drainage solution for our clients and 
customers. This combination of Pipe and Allied Products is a key strategy in our sales growth, profitability and 
market share penetration. The practice of selling a drainage system is attractive to both distributors and end users, by 
providing a broad package of products that can be sold on individual projects and strengthens our competitive 
advantage in the marketplace. We aggressively seek and evaluate new products, technologies and regulatory 
changes that impact our customers’ needs for Allied Products. 

Using the strength of our overall sales and distribution platform, our Allied Product strategy allows us to more 
deeply penetrate our end markets and anticipate the evolving needs of our customers. The underground construction 
industry has historically been project (not product) driven, creating the impetus for owners, engineers and 
contractors to seek manufacturers that deliver solution-based product portfolios. Many of the components of 
underground construction are related and require linear compatibility of function, regulatory approval and 
technology. 

Storm and Septic Chambers - Our StormTech chambers are used for stormwater retention, detention and “first flush” 
underground water storage on non-residential site development and public projects. These highly engineered 
chambers are injection molded from HDPE and PP resins into a proprietary design which provides strength, 
durability, and resistance to corrosion. The chambers allow for the efficient storage of stormwater volume, reducing 
the underground construction footprint and costs to the contractors, developers, and property owners. Our 
StormTech chambers offer great flexibility in design and layout of underground water storage systems. They are an 
attractive alternative to open ponds by reducing ongoing maintenance and liability and providing more useable land 
for development. Stormwater runoff is collected and stored in rows of chambers and gradually reenters the water 
system base, reducing erosion and protecting waterways. The chambers are open bottom, which allows for high 
density stacking in both storage and shipment. This freight-efficient feature drives favorable cost-competitiveness in 
serving long-distance export markets. These chamber systems typically incorporate our other product lines such as 
corrugated pipe, fabricated fittings, water quality units and geotextiles. 

Our ARC and BioDiffuser products are chambers that are used in septic systems for residential and small 

volume non-residential wastewater treatment and disposal. Rural homes and communities that do not have access 
to central sewer lines require an on-site septic solution. Our ARC and BioDiffuser chamber products are installed 
and perform their septic treatment function without gravel, reducing costs to the contractor and homeowner over 
traditional pipe and stone systems. States and municipalities have different sizing criteria for on-site septic treatment 
systems based on soil and site conditions. The innovative design of our ARC chamber is generally approved for a 
footprint reduction, further reducing the cost of the septic system. Injection-molded from HDPE, these products are 
strong, durable, and chemical-resistant. These interconnecting chambers are favored by septic contractors because 
they are lightweight, easy to install and offer articulating features which increase site-specific design flexibility. The 
ARC chamber products are manufactured by Infiltrator Water Technologies. 

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Structures - Our Nyloplast PVC drainage structures are used in non-residential, residential and municipal site 
development, road and highway construction, as well as landscaping, recreational, industrial and mechanical 
applications. The product family includes inline drains, drain basins, curb inlets and water control structures which 
move surface-collected stormwater vertically down to pipe conveyance systems. These custom structures are 
fabricated from sections of PVC pipe using a thermo-forming process to achieve exact site-specific hydraulic design 
requirements. Our Nyloplast products are a preferred alternative to heavier and larger concrete structures, by 
offering greater design flexibility and improved ease of installation which reduces overall project costs and 
timelines. The structures incorporate rubber gaskets to ensure watertight connections, preventing soil infiltration 
which plagues competitive products. 

Our Inserta Tee product line consists of a PVC hub, rubber sleeve and stainless steel band. Inserta Tee is 
compression fit into the cored wall of a mainline pipe and can be used with all pipe material types and profiles. This 
product offers an easy tap-in to existing sanitary and storm sewers by limiting the excavation needed for installation 
compared to competitive products. 

Fittings - We produce fittings and couplings utilizing blow molding, injection molding and custom fabrication on 
our pipe products. Our innovative coupling and fitting products are highly complementary to our broader product 
suite, and include both soil-tight and water-tight capabilities across the full pipe diameter spectrum. Our fittings are 
sold in all end markets where we sell our current pipe products. 

Water Quality - Our BaySaver product line targets the removal of sediment, debris, oils and suspended solids 
throughout a stormwater rain event by separating and/or filtering unwanted pollutants. Our BaySeparators can be 
fabricated into multiple sizing combinations to fit a variety of applications and customer requirements. These 
products assist owners, developers and design engineers in remaining compliant with discharge requirements set 
forth by the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) as well as state and local regulatory agencies. Our BaySaver 
product line coupled with our pipe, StormTech chambers, fabricated fittings, Nyloplast structures, FleXstorm inlet 
protection systems and geotextiles make up a comprehensive stormwater management solution. Our Barracuda 
separator removes sediment and other debris from storm water run-off, further protecting water resources. The 
Barracuda separator is designed to be used in a single manhole configuration and offers multiple pipe 
configurations. 

Construction Fabrics & Geotextiles - We purchase and distribute construction fabrics and other geosynthetic 
products for soil stabilization, reinforcement, filtration, separation, erosion control, and sub-surface drainage. 
Constructed of woven and non-woven PP, geotextile products provide permanent, cost-efficient site-development 
solutions. Construction fabrics and geotextiles have applications in all of our end markets. 

RAW MATERIALS AND SUPPLIERS 

Virgin HDPE and PP resins are derivatives of ethylene and propylene, respectively. Ethylene and propylene 

are derived from natural gas liquids or crude oil derivatives in the U.S. We currently purchase in excess of 
1,100 million pounds of virgin and recycled resin annually from approximately 470 suppliers in North America. As 
a high-volume buyer of resin, we are able to achieve economies of scale to negotiate favorable terms and pricing. 
Our purchasing strategies differ based on the material (virgin resin versus recycled material) ordered for delivery to 
our production locations. The price movements of the different materials also vary, resulting in the need to use a 
number of strategies to reduce volatility and successfully pass on cost increases to our customer through timely 
selling price increases when needed. 

We have developed relationships with most of the North American producers of virgin high-density 
polyethylene and impact copolymer polypropylene producers that manufacture the grades we need to produce our 
products, including Braskem Americas, Inc., Chevron Phillips Chemical Co. LP, The Dow Chemical Company, 
Equistar Chemicals, LP, ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Formosa Plastics Corporation, U.S.A., Ineos Olefins & 
Polyolefins, USA, Sasol USA, and Nova Chemical. The North American capacity for ethylene derivatives has been 
expanded primarily as a result of the new supplies of natural gas liquids being produced through sustained oil and 
gas exploration and production. 

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We leverage our raw material blending and processing technologies to produce an HDPE pipe that 

incorporates recycled resin. These products, which meet an ASTM International standard and an American 
Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials standard, replaces a majority of the virgin resin that is 
used with optimized recycled materials. To further develop our recycled material strategies, we established Green 
Line Polymers, Inc. (“GLP”), as our wholly-owned recycling subsidiary in 2012. GLP procures and processes 
recycled raw materials that can be used in products we produce and sell. Our first production facilities were 
established in Ohio and Georgia and are focused on processing post-industrial HDPE recycled materials. Based on 
the success of this strategy, we acquired a business that could supply clean, post-consumer recycled HDPE to our 
upper Midwest plants and established a second post-consumer processing plant, in Pennsylvania, to support our 
plants in Ohio, Michigan and the eastern and southern U.S. In fiscal 2020, 81% of our non-virgin HDPE raw 
material needs were internally processed (enhanced) through our GLP operations. 

Infiltrator Water Technologies is a world-class manufacturer of plastic solutions in the on-site septic industry 
with leading positions in each of its core product offerings. Our combined business benefits from Infiltrator Water 
Technologies’ differentiated recycling capabilities and position as one of the largest consumers of post-industrial 
plastic in the United States. In 1991, Infiltrator Water Technologies manufactured the first chamber from 100% 
recycled materials and in 1995, formally launched the Champion Recycling facility which sources and processes 
consistent materials ranging from post-industrial resins to used carpet, at attractive prices. Sourcing recycled content 
is less volatile from a pricing perspective than virgin resin, and we estimate that more than 55% of our combined 
material purchases will be recycled inputs rather than virgin resin (which represents the remaining roughly 42%). 

We maintain relationships with several of the largest environmental companies such as Waste Management, 

Inc., Republic Services, Inc., and Rumpke, Inc., which provide us with post-consumer HDPE recycled materials. We 
also maintain relationships with several key post-industrial HDPE suppliers, including Performance Materials NA, 
Inc. (formerly E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company), Silgan Plastics, Consolidated Container Company and Alpla, 
Inc., which provide us with materials that cannot otherwise be utilized in their respective production processes. 

We are one of the largest domestic recyclers of HDPE. We believe that we are well positioned for future 

growth as we add additional recycled material processing facilities, add capacity to existing facilities, and expand 
our supplier base for virgin resin. We anticipate continued growth in the availability of ethylene and propylene 
which are used to manufacture HDPE and PP, respectively. 

CUSTOMERS 

We have a large, active customer base of approximately 20,000 customers, with two customers representing 
10% or more of fiscal 2020 net sales. Ferguson Enterprises (“Ferguson”) accounted for 13.4% and Core and Main 
accounted for 10.9% of fiscal 2020 net sales. Our customer base is diversified across the range of end markets that 
we serve. 

A majority of our sales are made through distributors, including many of the largest national and independent 
waterworks distributors, with whom we have long-standing distribution relationships. These include Ferguson and 
Core and Main who sell primarily to the storm sewer and sanitary sewer markets. We also utilize a network of 
hundreds of small to medium-sized independent distributors across the United States. We have strong relationships 
with major national retailers that carry drainage products, including The Home Depot, Lowe’s, Ace Hardware and 
Do it Best. We offer the most complete line of HDPE products in the industry and are the only national 
manufacturer that can service the “Big-Box” retailers from coast-to-coast. We also sell to buying groups and co-ops 
in the United States that serve the plumbing, hardware, irrigation and landscaping markets. Selling to buying groups 
and co-ops provides us a further presence on a national, regional and local basis for the distribution of our products. 
Our preferred vendor status with these groups allows us to reach thousands of locations in an effective manner. 
Members of these groups and co-ops generally are independent businesses with strong relationships and brand 
recognition with smaller contractors and homeowners in their local markets. The combination of our large sales 
force, long-standing retail and contractor customer relationships and extensive network of manufacturing and 
distribution facilities complements and strengthens our broad customer and market coverage. 

Our customer service organization of more than 150 employees is supplemented by the employees of our 
manufacturing plants, distribution centers and drivers of our tractor-trailers. We staff and operate three regional 

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customer service call centers. In conjunction with our field sales and engineering team, this highly trained and 
competent staff allows us to maintain more customer touch points and interaction than any of our competitors. 

SALES AND MARKETING 

Pipe and Allied Products & Other - We have one of the largest and most experienced sales and engineering 

forces in the industry, with more than 450 sales and engineering professionals. Offering the broadest product line in 
the industry enables our sales force to source the greatest number of new opportunities and more effectively cross-
sell products than any of our competitors. We consistently maintain thousands of touch points with customers, civil 
engineers and municipal authorities, continuously educating them on new product innovations and their advantages 
relative to traditional products. We believe we are the industry leader in these efforts, and we view this work as an 
important part of our marketing strategy, particularly in promoting N-12 and SaniTite HP for storm and sanitary 
sewer systems, as regulatory approvals are essential to the specification and acceptance of these product lines. 

Our sales and marketing strategy is divided into four components — comprehensive market coverage, diverse 

product offerings, readily-available local inventory and specification efforts. Our goal is to provide the 
distributor/owner with the most complete, readily available product line in our industry. We strive to use our 
manufacturing footprint, product portfolio and market expertise to efficiently service our customers. 

Our sales and engineering objective is to influence, track and quote all selling opportunities as early in the 
project life cycle as possible. We strive to be meaningfully involved in all phases of the project cycle, including 
design, bidding, award and installation. Conceptual project visibility allows sales and engineering professionals the 
ability to influence design specifications and increase the probability of inclusion of our products in bid documents. 
The inclusion of our products in bid documents improves the probability of completing the sale. On-demand 
installation support allows us to maintain customer relationships and ensure positive installation experience. In 
addition to direct channel customers, we also maintain and develop relationships with federal agencies, municipal 
agencies, national standard regulators, private consulting engineers and architects. Our consistent interaction with 
these market participants enables us to continue our market penetration. This ongoing dialogue has positioned us as 
an industry resource for design guidance and product development and as a respected expert in water management 
solutions. 

Infiltrator Water Technologies - The Infiltrator Water Technologies salesforce works to pull through business 

to over 1,500 distribution points in the U.S. and Canada. Most of our distributors are plumbing or waterworks 
wholesalers. Relationships with individual distribution points are managed by our Infiltrator Water Technologies 
direct salesforce. Key national, regional, and buying group distributor relationships are managed by our Infiltrator 
Water Technologies sales leadership team. Training provided by our salesforce to distributors is a significant driver 
of product adoption and penetration. Sales representatives train distribution staff on effective sales methods and 
attend joint customer meetings/sales calls.  

We have largest team of experienced sales, technical service, and regulatory affairs professionals in the onsite 

wastewater industry. Over 60 professionals educate wastewater decision makers and installers to drive the 
acceptance and use of Infiltrator products in residential and commercial wastewater treatment systems. 

SEASONALITY 

Historically, sales of our products have been higher in the first and second quarters of each fiscal year due to 
favorable weather and longer daylight conditions accelerating construction activity during these periods. Seasonal 
variations in operating results may also be impacted by inclement weather conditions, such as cold or wet weather, 
which can delay projects. 

In the non-residential, residential and infrastructure markets in the northern United States and Canada, 
construction activity typically begins to increase in late March and is slower in December, January and February. In 
the southern and western United States, Mexico, Central America and South America, the construction markets are 
less seasonal. The agricultural drainage market is concentrated in the early spring just prior to planting and in the fall 
just after crops are harvested prior to freezing of the ground in winter. 

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PRACTICES RELATED TO WORKING CAPITAL ITEMS 

Information about the Company’s working capital practices is incorporated herein by reference to “Item 7. 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Results of Operations 
— Working Capital and Cash Flows” of this Form 10-K. 

COMPETITION 

We operate in a highly fragmented industry and hold leading positions in multiple market sectors. 
Competition, including our competitors and specific competitive factors, varies for each market sector. 

We believe the principal competitive factors for our market sectors include local selling coverage, product 

availability, breadth and cost of products, technical knowledge and expertise, customer and supplier relationships, 
reliability and accuracy of service, effective use of technology, delivery capabilities and timeliness, pricing of 
products, and the provision of credit. We believe that our competitive strengths and strategy allow us to compete 
effectively in our market sectors. 

The stormwater drainage industry, in particular, is highly fragmented with many smaller specialty and 
regional competitors providing a variety of product technologies and solutions. We compete against concrete pipe, 
corrugated steel pipe and PVC pipe producers on a national, regional and local basis. In addition, there are many 
HDPE pipe producers in the United States. 

In the United States, our primary competitors are concrete pipe producers, including Quikrete, Forterra and 
Oldcastle CRH Precast, as well as smaller, regional competitors. In the corrugated steel pipe sector, our primary 
national competitor is Contech Engineered Solutions, and we compete with Lane Enterprises, Pacific Corrugated 
and Southeast Culvert on a regional level, as well as other smaller competitors. In the PVC pipe sector, we compete 
primarily with JM Eagle, Diamond Plastics and North American Pipe. In the septic tank and drainfield sector, we 
compete with Tank Holding, Orenco Systems, Eljen as well as smaller local producers. We believe we are the only 
corrugated HDPE pipe producer with a national footprint, and our competitors operate primarily on a regional and 
local level. In the corrugated HDPE pipe sector in the United States, our primary competitors on a regional basis are 
JM Eagle, Lane Enterprises, Prinsco, Southeast Culvert and Pacific Corrugated. 

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 

We rely upon a combination of patents, trademarks, trade names, licensing arrangements, trade secrets, know-

how and proprietary technology in order to secure and protect our intellectual property rights, both in the United 
States and in foreign countries. 

We seek to protect our new technologies with patents and trademarks and defend against patent infringement 

allegations. We hold a significant amount of intellectual property rights pertaining to product patents, process 
patents and trademarks. We continually seek to expand and improve our existing product offerings through product 
development and acquisitions. Although our intellectual property is important to our business operations and in the 
aggregate constitutes a valuable asset, we do not believe that any single patent, trademark or trade secret is critical to 
the success of our business as a whole. We cannot be certain that our patent applications will be issued or that any 
issued patents will provide us with any competitive advantages or will not be challenged by third parties. 

In addition to the foregoing protections, we generally control access to and use of our proprietary and other 
confidential information through the use of internal and external controls, including contractual protections with 
employees, distributors and others. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Business — If we are 
unable to protect our intellectual property rights, or we infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, our 
ability to compete could be negatively impacted.” 

EMPLOYEES 

As of March 31, 2020, in our domestic and international operations the Company and its consolidated 

subsidiaries had approximately 4,950 employees, consisting of approximately 3,400 hourly personnel and 

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approximately 1,550 salaried employees. As of March 31, 2020, approximately 225 hourly personnel in our 
Mexican joint venture were covered by collective bargaining agreements. 

REGULATION 

Our operations are affected by various statutes, regulations and laws in the markets in which we operate, 
which historically have not had a material effect on our business. We are subject to various laws applicable to 
businesses generally, including laws affecting land usage, zoning, the environment, health and safety, transportation, 
labor and employment practices, competition, immigration and other matters. Additionally, building codes may 
affect the products our customers are allowed to use, and, consequently, changes in building codes may affect the 
salability of our products. The transportation and disposal of many of our products are also subject to federal 
regulations. The U.S. Department of Transportation (“U.S. DOT”) regulates our operations in domestic interstate 
commerce. We are subject to safety requirements governing interstate operations prescribed by the U.S. DOT. 
Vehicle dimensions and driver hours of service also remain subject to both federal and state regulation. 

We have been able to consistently capitalize on changes in both local and federal regulatory statutes relating to 

storm and sanitary sewer construction, repair and replacement. Most noteworthy is the Federal Clean Water Act of 
1972 and the subsequent EPA Phase I, II and sustainable infrastructure regulations relating to storm sewer 
construction, storm water quantity, storm water quality, and combined sewer separation. Our diversity of products 
offering a solution-based selling approach coupled with detailed market knowledge makes us an integral industry 
resource in both regulatory changes and compliance. 

An important element of our growth strategy has been our focus on industry education efforts to drive 

regulatory approvals for our core HDPE products at national, state and local levels. We employ a team of 
approximately 75 field-based engineers who work closely with government agencies to obtain regulatory approvals 
for our products, and also with civil engineering firms to specify our products on non-residential construction and 
road-building projects. With the introduction of our HP storm and sanitary pipe, we have refocused our efforts 
calling on state departments of transportation to enhance their approval of our pipe products. Additional state and 
local regulatory approvals will continue to present new growth opportunities in new and existing geographic markets 
for us. The trend of substituting traditional materials for HDPE and PP is expected to continue as more states and 
municipalities recognize the benefits of our HDPE N-12 pipe and our polypropylene HP pipe by approving it for use 
in a broader range of applications.  

Our Infiltrator Water Technologies products are used primarily in on-site septic and decentralized wastewater 

treatment systems. The products used in these systems cannot be sold without a regulatory approval. Infiltrator 
Water Technologies was the first in the industry to institute a formal regulatory management department in 1998 as 
part of the sales function. We have a dedicated regulatory team with a track record of gaining favorable regulatory 
approvals and advancing policy and legislation. Over the past 10 years the team has successfully embarked in over 
100 regulatory initiatives increasing the addressability and size of markets across the U.S. and Canada. 

ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY MATTERS 

We are subject to a broad range of foreign, federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and 

regulations, including those pertaining to air emissions, water discharges, the handling, disposal and transport of 
solid and hazardous materials and wastes, the investigation and remediation of contamination and otherwise relating 
to health and safety and the protection of the environment and natural resources. To a limited extent, our current and 
past operations, and those of many of the companies we have acquired, involve materials that are, or could be 
classified as, toxic or hazardous. There is inherent risk of contamination and environmental damage in our 
operations and the products we handle, transport and distribute. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our 
Business — We could incur significant costs in complying with environmental, health and safety laws or permits or 
as a result of satisfying any liability or obligation imposed under such laws or permits.” 

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CORPORATE AND AVAILABLE INFORMATION 

We were founded in 1966 and are a Delaware corporation. Our principal executive offices are located at 4640 

Trueman Boulevard, Hilliard, Ohio 43026, and our telephone number at that address is (614) 658-0050. Our 
corporate website is www.ads-pipe.com. 

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and 

amendments to reports filed pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended, (“Exchange Act”) are filed with the SEC. We are subject to the informational requirements of the 
Exchange Act and file or furnish reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. Such reports and 
other information filed by the Company with the SEC are available free of charge on our website at www.ads-
pipe.com when such reports are available on the SEC’s website. We use our www.ads-pipe.com website as a means 
of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with our disclosure obligations under Regulation 
FD. Accordingly, investors should monitor such portions of www.ads-pipe.com in addition to following press 
releases, SEC filings and public conference calls and webcasts. 

The contents of the websites referred to above are not incorporated into this filing. Further, our references to 

these websites are intended to be inactive textual references only. 

Item 1A. 

Risk Factors 

Please carefully consider the risks described below, together with all other information included or 
incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. If any of the following risks actually occur, our 
business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely affected. In these 
circumstances, the market price of our common stock could decline significantly. 

Risks Relating to Our Business 

The COVID-19 pandemic, efforts to mitigate the pandemic, and the related weakening economic conditions, have 
impacted our business and could have a significant negative impact on our operations, liquidity, financial 
condition and financial results.  

In the last quarter of our fiscal 2020, a novel strain of coronavirus, COVID-19, started to impact the global 

economic environment causing extreme volatility and uncertainty in global markets. On March 11, 2020, the World 
Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a global pandemic and we started to see certain impacts to our 
business. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy and lowered equity valuations, in 
addition to disrupting global supply chains and workforce participation. Quarantines and "stay in place" orders, the 
timing and length of containment and eradication solutions, travel restrictions, absenteeism by infected workers, 
labor shortages or other disruptions to our supply chain or our customers will adversely impact our sales and 
operating results and has resulted in some project delays.  

In addition, the pandemic has resulted in an economic downturn that could affect the ability of our customers 
to obtain financing for projects and therefore impact demand for our products and services. Order lead times could 
be extended or delayed and our pricing or pricing of suppliers for needed materials could increase. Some critical 
materials, products or services may become unavailable if the regional or global spread were significant enough to 
prevent alternative sourcing.  

To date, we have experienced some delays in state and municipal construction projects due to COVID-19. 
While manufacturing and manufacturing-related industries are considered an "essential service" in most jurisdictions 
in which we operate, site closures or project delays have occurred and increased social distancing and health-related 
precautions are required on many work sites, which may cause additional project delays and additional costs to be 
incurred. We have also experienced the temporary closure of many of our customer's retail locations and we 
temporarily shut down our factories in this segment to comply with government "stay in place" orders. We expect 
this global pandemic to have an impact on our revenue and our results of operations, the size and duration of which 
we are currently unable to predict. Additionally, if future revenue were to fall below forecasted levels or if market 
conditions were to decline in a material or sustained manner, due to COVID-19 or otherwise, we could incur a non-
cash impairment charge that would negatively impact our net earnings for the fiscal period in which the charge was 
recorded.  

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The global outbreak of COVID-19 continues to rapidly evolve. The extent to which COVID-19 will impact 

our business will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with 
confidence, such as the ultimate severity and spread of the disease, the duration of the outbreak, travel restrictions 
and social distancing requirements in the United States and other countries, business closures or business disruptions 
and the effectiveness of actions taken in the United States and other countries to contain and treat the disease. 

There are no comparable recent events that provide guidance as to the effect the spread of COVID-19 as a 
global pandemic may have, and, as a result, the ultimate impact of the outbreak is highly uncertain and subject to 
change, especially if a second wave of COVID-19 occurs later in 2020. Given the speed and frequency of 
continuously evolving developments with respect to this pandemic, we cannot reasonably estimate the magnitude of 
the impact to our results of operations, liquidity or financial position. To the extent that our customers and suppliers 
are adversely impacted by the coronavirus outbreak, this could reduce the availability, or result in delays, of 
materials or supplies, or delays in customer payments, which in turn could materially interrupt our business 
operations and/or impact our liquidity. 

Fluctuations in the price and availability of resins, our principal raw materials, and our inability to obtain 
adequate supplies of resins from suppliers and pass on resin price increases to customers could adversely affect 
our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

The principal raw materials that we use in our high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe and Allied 

Products are virgin and recycled resins. Our ability to operate profitably depends, to a large extent, on the markets 
for these resins. In particular, as resins are derived either directly or indirectly from crude oil derivatives and natural 
gas liquids, resin prices fluctuate substantially as a result of changes in crude oil and natural gas prices, changes in 
existing processing capabilities and the capacity of resin suppliers. The petrochemical industry historically has been 
cyclical and volatile. The cycles are generally characterized by periods of tight supply, followed by periods of 
oversupply, primarily resulting from significant capacity additions. Unanticipated changes in and disruptions to 
existing petrochemical capacities could also significantly increase resin prices, often within a short period of time, 
even if crude oil and natural gas prices remain low. 

Our ability to offer our core products depends on our ability to obtain adequate resins, which we purchase 
directly from major petrochemical and chemical suppliers. We maintain supply agreements with our major resin 
suppliers that provide multi-year terms and volumes that are in excess of our projected consumption. For our 
polypropylene virgin resin price exposure, we utilize financial hedges of propylene as a proxy for polypropylene. 
Historically, the month to month change in market-based pricing has been very similar between propylene and 
polypropylene. The loss of, or substantial decrease in the availability of, raw materials from our suppliers, or the 
failure by our suppliers to continue to provide us with raw materials on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, 
could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, supply 
interruptions could arise from labor disputes or weather conditions affecting supplies or shipments, transportation 
disruptions or other factors beyond our control, including disruptions resulting from the impact of the evolving 
COVID-19 pandemic. An extended disruption in the timely availability of raw materials from our key suppliers 
would result in a decrease in our revenues and profitability. 

Our ability to maintain profitability heavily depends on our ability to pass through to our customers the full 

amount of any increase in raw material costs, which are a large portion of our overall product costs. We may be 
unable to do so in a timely manner, or at all, due to competition in the markets in which we operate. In addition, 
certain of our largest customers historically have exerted significant pressure on their outside suppliers to keep 
prices low because of their market share. If increases in the cost of raw materials cannot be passed on to our 
customers, or the duration of time associated with a pass through becomes extended, our business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows will be adversely affected. 

Any disruption or volatility in general business and economic conditions in the markets in which we operate 
could have a material adverse effect on the demand for our products and services. 

The markets in which we operate are sensitive to general business and economic conditions in the 

United States and worldwide, including availability of credit, interest rates, fluctuation in capital and business and 
consumer confidence. These conditions, combined with price fluctuations in crude oil derivatives and natural gas 
liquids, declining business and consumer confidence and increased unemployment, precipitated an economic 

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slowdown and severe recession in recent years. Furthermore, the U.S. and global economy as well as the markets in 
which we operate face the adverse impact of the COVID-19 global pandemic, which will impact our business, 
results of operations, financial position, liquidity and cash flows, as referenced above. The difficult conditions in 
these markets and the overall economy affect our business in a number of ways. For example: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

The volatility of the United States economy in general (including as a result of COVID-19) can have an 
adverse effect on our sales that are dependent on the non-residential construction market. Continued 
uncertainty about current economic conditions may pose a risk to our business units that serve the non-
residential construction market, as participants in this industry may postpone spending in response to 
tighter credit, negative financial news and/or declines in income or asset values, which could have a 
continued material adverse effect on the demand for our products and services. 

Our business depends to a great extent upon general activity levels in the agriculture market. Changes in 
corn production, soybean production, farm income, farmland value and the level of farm output in the 
geographic locations in which we operate are all material factors that could adversely affect the 
agriculture market and result in a decrease in the amount of products that our customers purchase. The 
nature of the agriculture market is such that a downturn in demand can occur suddenly, resulting in 
excess inventories, un-utilized production capacity and reduced prices for pipe products. These 
downturns may be prolonged, and our revenue and profitability would be harmed. 

The homebuilding industry underwent a significant decline after its peak in 2005. While new housing 
starts demonstrated a compounded annual growth rate of 5.2% from 2014 to 2019, current levels remain 
below the long-term average of 1.4 million starts since the U.S. Census Bureau began reporting the data 
demand for our products and services in this market, and may be further adversely impacted by the 
COVID-19 pandemic, which in turn would result in a significant adverse effect on our financial 
condition and results of operations. 

Demand for our products and services depend to a significant degree on spending on infrastructure, 
which is inherently cyclical. Infrastructure spending is affected by a variety of factors beyond our 
control, including interest rates, availability and commitment of public funds for municipal spending 
and highway spending and general economic conditions. Our products sales may be adversely impacted 
by budget cuts by governments, including as a result of lower than anticipated tax revenues. 

All of our markets are sensitive to changes in the broader economy. Downturns or lack of substantial 

improvement in the economy in any region in which we operate have adversely affected and could continue to 
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The evolving COVID-19 pandemic is 
also expected to adversely impact the markets in which we operate. While we operate in many markets, our business 
is particularly impacted by changes in the economies of the United States, Canada and Mexico, which represented 
91.1%, 5.5% and 2.3%, respectively, of our net sales for fiscal 2020 and collectively represented 98.9% of our net 
sales for fiscal 2020. 

We cannot predict the duration of current economic conditions, or the timing or strength of any future 
recovery of activities in our markets. Continued weakness in the market in which we operate could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We may have to close 
under-performing facilities from time to time as warranted by general economic conditions and/or weakness in the 
markets in which we operate. In addition to a reduction in demand for our products, these factors may also reduce 
the price we are able to charge for our products and restrict our ability to pass raw material cost increases to our 
customers. This, combined with an increase in excess capacity, will negatively impact our profitability, cash flows 
and our financial condition, generally. 

Demand for our products and services could decrease if we are unable to compete effectively, and our success 
depends largely on our ability to convert current demand for competitive products into demand for our products. 

We compete with both manufacturers of high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe and manufacturers 
of alternative products, such as concrete, steel and PVC pipe products, on the basis of a number of considerations, 
including product characteristics such as durability, design, ease of installation, price on a price-to-value basis and 
service. In particular, we compete on a global, national and local basis with pipe products made of traditional 

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materials which our high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe products are designed to replace. For example, 
our N-12 and SaniTite HP products face competition from concrete, steel and PVC pipe products in the small- and 
large-diameter size segments of the market. 

Our ability to successfully compete and grow depends largely on our ability to continue to convert the current 

demand for concrete, steel and PVC pipe products into demand for our high performance thermoplastic corrugated 
pipe and Allied Products. Our thermoplastic pipe typically has an installed cost advantage of approximately 20% 
over concrete pipe. However, depending upon certain factors such as the size of the pipe, the geography of a 
particular location and then-existing raw material costs, the initial cost of our thermoplastic pipe may be higher than 
the initial cost of alternative products such as concrete, steel and PVC pipe products. To increase our market share, 
we will need to increase material conversion by educating our customers about the value of our products in 
comparison to existing alternatives, particularly on an installed cost basis, working with government agencies to 
expand approvals for our products and working with civil engineering firms which may influence the specification 
of our products on construction projects. No assurance can be given that our efforts to increase or maintain the 
current rate of material conversion will be successful, and our failure to do so would have a material adverse effect 
on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

We also expect that new competitors may develop over time. No assurance can be given that we will be able 

to respond effectively to such competitive pressures. Increased competition by existing and future competitors could 
result in reductions in sales, prices, volumes and gross margins that would materially adversely affect our business, 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, our success will depend, in part, on our 
ability to maintain our market share and gain market share from competitors. 

Certain of our competitors have financial and other resources that are greater than ours and may be better able 
to withstand price competition, especially with respect to traditional products. In addition, consolidation by industry 
participants could result in competitors with increased market share, larger customer bases, greater diversified 
product offerings and greater technological and marketing expertise, which would allow them to compete more 
effectively against us. Moreover, our competitors may develop products that are superior to our products or may 
adapt more quickly to new technologies or evolving customer requirements. Technological advances by our 
competitors may lead to new manufacturing techniques and make it more difficult for us to compete. In many 
markets in which we operate there are no significant entry barriers that would prevent new competitors from 
entering the market, especially on the local level, or existing competitors from expanding in the market. In addition, 
because we do not have long-term arrangements with many of our customers, these competitive factors could cause 
our customers to cease purchasing our products. 

In addition, our contracts with municipalities are often awarded and renewed through periodic competitive 

bidding. We may not be successful in obtaining or renewing these contracts on financially attractive terms or at all, 
which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Our results of operations could be adversely affected by the effects of weather. 

Although weather patterns affect our operating results throughout the year, adverse weather historically has 

reduced construction activity in our third and fourth fiscal quarters. In contrast, our highest volume of net sales 
historically has occurred in our first and second fiscal quarters. 

Most of our business units experience seasonal variation as a result of the dependence of our customers on 

suitable weather to engage in construction projects. Generally, during the winter months, construction activity 
declines due to inclement weather, frozen ground and shorter daylight hours. In addition, to the extent that 
hurricanes, severe storms, floods, other natural disasters or similar events occur in the geographic regions in which 
we operate, our results of operations may be adversely affected. We anticipate that fluctuations of our operations 
results from period to period due to seasonality will continue in the future. 

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The loss of any of our significant customers could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of 
operations and cash flows. 

Our ten largest customers generated approximately 40% of our net sales in fiscal 2020. We cannot guarantee 

that we will maintain or improve our relationships with these customers or that we will continue to supply these 
customers at historical levels. Because we do not have long-term arrangements with many of our customers, such 
customers may cease purchasing our products without notice or upon short notice to us. During the economic 
downturn, some of our customers reduced their operations. For example, some homebuilder customers exited or 
severely curtailed building activity in certain of our markets. There is no assurance that our customers will increase 
their activity level or return it to historic levels. A slow economic recovery could continue to have material adverse 
effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

In addition, consolidation among customers could also result in a loss of some of our present customers to our 
competitors. The loss of one or more of our significant customers, a significant customer’s decision to purchase our 
products in significantly lower quantities than they have in the past, or deterioration in our relationship with any of 
them could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

The majority of our net sales are credit sales which are made primarily to customers whose ability to pay is 
dependent, in part, upon the economic strength of the industry and geographic areas in which they operate, 
including recent changes in U.S. tax laws, and the failure to collect monies owed from customers could adversely 
affect our financial condition. 

The majority of our net sales volume is facilitated through the extension of credit to our customers whose 

ability to pay is dependent, in part, upon the economic strength of the industry in the areas where they operate. Our 
business units offer credit to customers, either through unsecured credit that is based solely upon the 
creditworthiness of the customer, or secured credit for materials sold for a specific job where the security lies in lien 
rights associated with the material going into the job. The type of credit offered depends both on the financial 
strength of the customer and the nature of the business in which the customer is involved. End users, resellers and 
other non-contractor customers generally purchase more on unsecured credit than secured credit. The inability of our 
customers to pay off their credit lines in a timely manner, or at all, would adversely affect our business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, our collections efforts with respect to non-paying or 
slow-paying customers could negatively impact our customer relations going forward. 

Because we depend on the creditworthiness of certain of our customers, if the financial condition of our 
customers declines, our credit risk could increase. Our customers may also face economic challenges due disruptions 
in the economy caused by the evolving COVID-19 pandemic which may in turn impact our ability to collect from 
any customers facing disruption. Significant contraction in our markets, coupled with tightened credit availability 
and financial institution underwriting standards, could adversely affect certain of our customers. Should one or more 
of our larger customers declare bankruptcy, it could adversely affect the collectability of our accounts receivable, 
bad debt reserves and net income. 

We may be unable to successfully integrate our and Infiltrator Water Technologies’ businesses in order to realize 
the anticipated benefits of the acquisition or do so within the intended timeframe. 

We will be required to devote significant management attention and resources to the ongoing integration the 
business practices and operations of Infiltrator Water Technologies with our business. We may be unable to realize 
the planned synergies from the acquisition or other benefits in the timeframe that we expect or at all. We continue to 
assess synergies that we may realize as a combined company, the realization of which will depend on a number of 
factors. 

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The success of the acquisition, including anticipated synergies, benefits and cost savings, will depend, in part, 

on our ability to successfully combine and integrate our current operations with Infiltrator Water Technologies’ 
business. If we experience difficulties with the integration process or other unforeseen costs, the anticipated benefits 
and cost savings of the acquisition may not be realized fully or at all, or may take longer to realize than expected. 
The integration planning and implementation process will result in significant costs and divert management attention 
and resources. These integration matters could have an adverse effect on our combined company for an 
undetermined period after completion of the acquisition. In addition, the actual cost savings of the acquisition could 
be less than anticipated, or otherwise offset by other factors. 

Additional difficulties we may encounter as part of the integration process include the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the costs of integration and compliance and the possibility that the full benefits anticipated to result from 
our acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies will not be realized; 

any delay in the integration of management teams, strategies, operations, products and services; 

diversion of the attention of each company’s management as a result of our acquisition of Infiltrator Water 
Technologies; 

differences in business backgrounds, corporate cultures and management philosophies that may delay 
successful integration; 

the ability to retain key employees; 

the ability to create and enforce uniform standards, controls, procedures, policies and information systems; 

the challenge of integrating complex systems, technology, networks and other assets of Infiltrator Water 
Technologies into those of ours in a seamless manner that minimizes any adverse impact on customers, 
suppliers, employees and other constituencies; 

potential unknown liabilities and unforeseen increased expenses or delays associated with the acquisition, 
including costs to integrate Infiltrator Water Technologies beyond current estimates; and 

the disruption of, or the loss of momentum in, each company’s ongoing businesses or inconsistencies in 
standards, controls, procedures and policies. 

Any of these factors could adversely affect each company’s ability to maintain relationships with customers, 
suppliers, employees and other constituencies or our ability to achieve the anticipated benefits of the acquisition or 
could reduce each company’s earnings or otherwise adversely affect our business and financial results after the 
acquisition. These risks are not limited to our acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies and could also apply to 
our future acquisitions. 

Our results after our acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies may suffer if we do not effectively manage our 
expanded operations following the acquisition. 

Following our acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, the size and complexity of our business increased 

significantly beyond the previous size of either our or Infiltrator Water Technologies’ previously existing business. 
Our future success depends, in part, upon our ability to manage this expanded business, which will pose substantial 
challenges for management, including challenges related to the management and monitoring of new operations and 
new types of manufacturing processes and products and associated increased costs and complexity. There can be no 
assurances that we will be successful after completion of the acquisition or that we will realize the expected benefits 
currently anticipated from our acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies. 

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The business of Infiltrator Water Technologies may underperform relative to our expectations. 

We may not be able to maintain the levels of revenue, earnings or operating efficiency that we and Infiltrator 

Water Technologies have achieved or might achieve separately. The business and financial performance 
of Infiltrator Water Technologies is subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including the risk of the loss of, or 
changes to, its relationships with its customers. We may be unable to achieve the same growth, revenues and 
profitability that Infiltrator Water Technologies has achieved in the past. 

The unaudited pro forma financial information related to the acquisition may not accurately reflect our financial 
position or results of operations. 

The unaudited pro forma financial information contained in “Note 4. Acquisitions” to the notes to our 
unaudited financial statements included in this Annual Report and the unaudited pro forma financing information 
included in our Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 1, 2019, was presented for illustrative purposes only and 
may not be an indication of what our financial position or results of operations would have been had the Merger 
been completed on the dates indicated. The unaudited pro forma financial information was derived from our audited 
and unaudited historical financial statements along with those of Infiltrator Water Technologies, and certain 
adjustments and assumptions were made regarding the combined company after giving effect to the Merger. The 
assets and liabilities of Infiltrator Water Technologies were measured at fair value based on various preliminary 
estimates using assumptions that Infiltrator Water Technologies’ management believed to be reasonable utilizing 
information currently available. The process for estimating the fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities 
requires the use of judgment in determining the appropriate assumptions and estimates. These estimates and 
assumptions may be revised as additional information becomes available and as additional analyses are performed. 
Differences between preliminary estimates in the pro forma financial information and the final acquisition 
accounting will occur and could have a material impact on the pro forma financial information and the combined 
company’s financial position and future results of operations. In addition, the assumptions used in preparing the pro 
forma financial information may not prove to be accurate, and other factors may affect our financial condition or 
results of operations following the Merger. Any potential decline in our financial condition or results of operations 
may cause significant variations in the trading price of our common stock following the Merger. 

Our international operations expose us to political, economic and regulatory risks not normally faced by 
businesses that operate only in the United States. 

International operations are exposed to different political, economic and regulatory risks that are not faced by 

businesses that operate solely in the United States. Some of our operations are outside the United States, with 
manufacturing and distribution facilities in Canada and several Latin American countries. Our international 
operations are subject to risks similar to those affecting our operations in the United States in addition to a number 
of other risks, including: difficulties in enforcing contractual and intellectual property rights; impositions or 
increases of withholding and other taxes on remittances and other payments by subsidiaries and affiliates; exposure 
to different legal standards; fluctuations in currency exchange rates; impositions or increases of investment and other 
restrictions by foreign governments; the requirements of a wide variety of foreign laws; political and economic 
instability; war; and difficulties in staffing and managing operations, particularly in remote locations. 

As a result of our international operations, we could be adversely affected by violations of the U.S. Foreign 
Corrupt Practices Act and similar foreign anti-corruption laws. 

The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) and similar foreign anti-corruption laws generally prohibit 

companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments or providing anything of value to wrongfully 
influence foreign government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or obtaining an unfair 
advantage, and generally require companies to maintain accurate books and records and internal controls, including 
at foreign controlled subsidiaries. Recent years have seen a substantial increase in the global enforcement of anti-
corruption laws, with more frequent voluntary self-disclosures by companies, aggressive investigations and 
enforcement proceedings by both the U.S. Department of Justice and the SEC resulting in record fines and penalties, 
increased enforcement activity by non-U.S. regulators, and increases in criminal and civil proceedings brought 
against companies and individuals. 

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We have operations in Canada as well as existing joint ventures in Mexico and South America. Our internal 

policies provide for compliance with all applicable anti-corruption laws for both us and for our joint venture 
operations. Our continued operation and expansion outside the United States, including in developing countries, 
could increase the risk of such violations in the future. Despite our training and compliance programs, our internal 
control policies and procedures may not always protect us from unauthorized, reckless or criminal acts committed 
by our employees, agents or joint venture partners. 

Conducting a portion of our operations through joint ventures exposes us to risks and uncertainties, many of 
which are outside of our control, and such risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

With respect to our existing joint ventures, any differences in views among the joint venture participants may 

result in delayed decisions or in failures to agree on major issues. We also cannot control the actions of our joint 
venture partners, including any nonperformance, default or bankruptcy of our joint venture partners. As a result, we 
may be unable to control the quality of products produced by the joint ventures or achieve consistency of product 
quality as compared with our other operations. In addition to net sales and market share, this may have a material 
negative impact on our brand and how it is perceived thereafter. Moreover, if our partners also fail to invest in the 
joint venture in the manner that is anticipated or otherwise fail to meet their contractual obligations, the joint 
ventures may be unable to adequately perform and conduct their respective operations, requiring us to make 
additional investments or perform additional services to ensure the adequate performance and delivery of products 
and/or services to the joint ventures’ customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

We may not be able to successfully expand into new product or geographic markets, which could negatively 
impact our future sales and results of operations. 

We may expand into new product markets based on our existing manufacturing, design and engineering 

capabilities and services. Our business depends in part on our ability to identify future products and product lines 
that complement existing products and product lines and that respond to our customers’ needs. We may not be able 
to compete effectively unless our product selection keeps up with trends in the markets in which we compete or 
trends in new products. In addition, our ability to integrate new products and product lines into our distribution 
network could impact our ability to compete. Furthermore, the success of new products and new product lines will 
depend on market demand and there is a risk that new products and new product lines will not deliver expected 
results, which could negatively impact our future sales and results of operations. 

Our expansion into new geographic markets may present competitive, distribution and regulatory challenges 

that differ from current ones. We may be less familiar with the target customers and may face different or additional 
risks, as well as increased or unexpected costs, compared to existing operations. Expansion into new geographic 
markets may also bring us into direct competition with companies with whom we have little or no past experience as 
competitors. To the extent we rely upon expansion into new geographic markets for growth and do not meet the new 
challenges posed by such expansion, our future sales growth could be negatively impacted, our operating costs could 
increase, and our business operations and financial results could be adversely affected. 

We may not achieve the acquisition component of our growth strategy, which could negatively impact our 
financial condition and results of operations. 

Acquisitions are an important component of our growth strategy; however, there can be no assurance that we 

will be able to continue to grow our business through acquisitions as we have done historically or that any 
businesses acquired will perform in accordance with expectations or that business judgments concerning the value, 
strengths and weaknesses of businesses acquired will prove to be correct. Future acquisitions may result in the 
incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities, an increase in interest expense and amortization expense and significant 
charges relative to integration costs. Our strategy could be impeded if we do not identify suitable acquisition 
candidates and our financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected if we are unable to 
properly evaluate acquisition targets. 

Acquisitions involve a number of special risks, including: problems implementing disclosure controls and 

procedures for the newly acquired business; unforeseen difficulties extending internal control over financial 

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reporting and performing the required assessment at the newly acquired business; potential adverse short-term 
effects on operating results through increased costs or otherwise; diversion of management’s attention and failure to 
recruit new, and retain existing, key personnel of the acquired business; failure to successfully implement 
infrastructure, logistics and systems integration; our business growth could outpace the capability of our systems; 
and the risks inherent in the systems of the acquired business and risks associated with unanticipated events or 
liabilities, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of 
operations. In addition, we may not be able to obtain financing necessary to complete acquisitions on attractive 
terms or at all. 

Increased fuel and energy prices, and our inability to obtain sufficient quantities of fuel to operate our in-house 
delivery fleet, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Energy and petroleum prices have fluctuated significantly in recent years. Prices and availability of petroleum 

products are subject to political, economic and market factors that are outside our control. Political events in 
petroleum-producing regions as well as hurricanes and other weather-related events may cause the price of fuel to 
increase. 

We consume a large amount of energy and petroleum products in our operations, including the manufacturing 

process and delivering a significant volume of products to our customers by our in-house fleet. While we utilize a 
diesel hedging program associated with our in-house fleet to mitigate against higher fuel prices, our operating profit 
will be adversely affected if we are unable to obtain the energy and fuel we require or to fully offset the anticipated 
impact of higher energy and fuel prices through increased prices or surcharges to our customers or through other 
hedging strategies. If shortages occur in the supply of energy or necessary petroleum products and we are not able to 
pass along the full impact of increased energy or petroleum prices to our customers, our business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows would be adversely affected. 

We have substantial fixed costs and, as a result, our income from operations is sensitive to changes in our net 
sales. 

A significant portion of our expenses are fixed costs, including personnel. Consequently, a decline in our net 
sales could have a greater percentage effect on our income from operations if we do not act to reduce personnel or 
take other fixed cost reduction actions. Moreover, a key element of our strategy is managing our assets, including 
our substantial fixed assets, more effectively, including through sales or other disposals of excess assets. Our failure 
to rationalize our fixed assets in the time, and within the costs, we expect could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Internally manufacturing our products at our own facilities subjects our business to risks associated with 
manufacturing processes. 

We internally manufacture our own products at our facilities. While we maintain insurance covering our 

manufacturing and production facilities and have significant flexibility to manufacture and ship our own products 
from various facilities, a catastrophic loss of the use of certain of our facilities due to accident, fire, explosion, labor 
issues, weather conditions, pandemics (including the current COVID-19 pandemic),other natural disaster or 
otherwise, whether short or long-term, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, 
results of operations and cash flows. 

Unexpected failures of our equipment and machinery may result in production delays, revenue loss and 
significant repair costs, injuries to our employees, and customer claims. Any interruption in production capability 
may limit our ability to supply enough products to customers and may require us to make large capital expenditures 
to remedy the situation, which could have a negative impact on our profitability and cash flows. Our business 
interruption insurance may not be sufficient to offset the lost revenues or increased costs that we may experience 
during a disruption of our operations. 

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We provide product warranties that could expose us to claims, which could in turn damage our reputation and 
adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

We generally provide limited product warranties on our products against defects in materials and 

workmanship in normal use and service. Most of our pipe products have a warranty that is not limited in duration. 
The warranty period for other products such as our StormTech chambers, our Inserta Tee product line, our BaySaver 
product line and our FleXstorm inlet protection systems is generally one year. Estimating the required warranty 
reserves requires judgment. Management estimates warranty reserves based in part upon historical warranty costs. 
Management also considers various relevant factors, including its stated warranty policies and procedures, as part of 
its evaluation of its liability. Because warranty issues may surface later in the product life cycle, management 
continues to review these estimates on a regular basis and considers adjustments to these estimates based on actual 
experience compared to historical estimates. Although management believes that our warranty reserves as of 
March 31, 2020 are adequate, actual results may vary from these estimates. 

The nature of our business exposes us to construction defect and product liability claims as well as other legal 
proceedings, which could damage our reputation and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of 
operations and cash flows. 

We are exposed to construction defect and product liability claims relating to our various products if our 

products do not meet customer expectations. Such liabilities may arise out of the quality of raw materials we 
purchase from third-party suppliers, over which we do not have direct control. We also operate a large fleet of trucks 
and other vehicles and therefore face the risk of traffic accidents. 

While we currently maintain insurance coverage to address a portion of these types of liabilities, we cannot 

make assurances that we will be able to obtain such insurance on acceptable terms in the future, if at all, or that any 
such insurance will provide adequate coverage against potential claims. Further, while we intend to seek 
indemnification against potential liability for products liability claims from relevant parties, we cannot guarantee 
that we will be able to recover under any such indemnification agreements. Product liability claims can be expensive 
to defend and can divert the attention of management and other personnel for significant time periods, regardless of 
the ultimate outcome. An unsuccessful product liability defense could be highly costly and accordingly result in a 
decline in revenues and profitability. In addition, even if we are successful in defending any claim relating to the 
products we distribute, claims of this nature could negatively impact customer confidence in us and our products. 

From time to time, we are also involved in government inquiries and investigations, as well as consumer, 
employment, tort proceedings and other litigation. We cannot predict with certainty the outcomes of these legal 
proceedings and other contingencies, including potential environmental remediation and other proceedings 
commenced by government authorities. The outcome of some of these legal proceedings and other contingencies 
could require us to take actions which would adversely affect our operations or could require us to pay substantial 
amounts of money. Additionally, defending against these lawsuits and proceedings may involve significant expense 
and diversion of management’s attention and resources from other matters. 

Because our business is working capital intensive, we rely on our ability to manage our supply purchasing and 
customer credit policies. 

Our operations are working capital intensive, and our inventories, accounts receivable and accounts payable 

are significant components of our net asset base. We manage our inventories and accounts payable through our 
purchasing policies and our accounts receivable through our customer credit policies. If we fail to adequately 
manage our supply purchasing or customer credit policies, our working capital and financial condition may be 
adversely affected. 

Our failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting could adversely 
affect our business, financial position and results of operations. 

We are required to evaluate the effectiveness of our disclosure controls on a periodic basis and publicly 

disclose the results of these evaluations and related matters in accordance with the requirements of Section 404 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. As of March 31, 2020, we have identified a material weakness in internal control 
over financial reporting. The material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020 

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was a result of a material weakness in the control environment of our consolidated joint venture affiliate, ADS 
Mexicana. See Item 9A. “Controls and Procedures” for further description. 

A “material weakness” is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial 

reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim 
consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. We are actively engaged in 
remediation activities designed to address the material weakness, but our remediation efforts are not complete and 
are ongoing. Although we are working to remedy the ineffectiveness of the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting, there can be no assurance as to when the remediation plan will be fully implemented or the 
aggregate cost of implementation. Until our remediation plan is fully implemented, our management will continue to 
devote significant time and attention to these efforts. If we do not complete our remediation in a timely fashion, or at 
all, or if our remediation plan is inadequate, there will continue to be an increased risk that we will be unable to 
timely file future periodic reports with the SEC and that our future consolidated financial statements could contain 
errors that will be undetected. If we are unable to report our results in a timely and accurate manner, we may not be 
able to comply with the applicable covenants in our financing arrangements, and may be required to seek additional 
amendments or waivers under these financing arrangements, which could adversely impact our liquidity and 
financial condition. Further and continued determinations that there is a material weakness in the effectiveness of the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting could reduce our ability to obtain financing or could increase 
the cost of any financing we obtain and require additional expenditures of both money and our management’s time 
to comply with applicable requirements. 

Any failure to implement or maintain required new or improved controls, or any difficulties we encounter in 

their implementation, could result in additional material weaknesses or material misstatement in our consolidated 
financial statements. Any new misstatement could result in a further restatement of our consolidated financial 
statements, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations, reduce our ability to obtain financing or cause 
investors to lose confidence in our reported financial information, leading to a decline in our stock price. We cannot 
assure you that we will not discover additional weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. 

As a result of the material weakness, our management concluded that we did not maintain effective internal 
control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020. This could cause investors to lose confidence in the reliability 
of our financial statements and could result in a decrease in the value of our common stock. Failure to comply with 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 could potentially subject us to sanctions or investigations by the SEC, NYSE, or 
other regulatory authorities. 

Furthermore, as we grow our business, our disclosure controls and internal controls will become more 
complex, and we may require significantly more resources to ensure the effectiveness of these controls. If we are 
unable to continue upgrading our financial and management controls, reporting systems, information technology and 
procedures in a timely and effective fashion, additional management and other resources may need to be devoted to 
assist in compliance with the disclosure and financial reporting requirements and other rules that apply to reporting 
companies, which could adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations. 

Our operations are affected by various laws and regulations in the markets in which we operate, and our failure 
to obtain or maintain approvals by municipalities, state departments of transportation, engineers and developers 
may affect our results of operations. 

Our operations are principally affected by various statutes, regulations and laws in the United States, Canada 
and Latin America. While we are not engaged in a regulated industry, we are subject to various laws applicable to 
businesses generally, including laws affecting land usage, zoning, the environment, health and safety, transportation, 
labor and employment practices (including pensions), competition, immigration and other matters. Additionally, 
approvals by municipalities, the U.S. and state departments of transportation, engineers and developers may affect 
the products our customers are allowed to use, and, consequently, failure to obtain or maintain such approvals may 
affect the saleability of our products. Building codes may also affect the products our customers are allowed to use, 
and, consequently, changes in building codes may also affect the saleability of our products. Changes in applicable 
regulations governing the sale of some of our products could increase our costs of doing business. In addition, 
changes to applicable tax laws and regulations could increase our costs of doing business. We cannot provide 
assurance that we will not incur material costs or liabilities in connection with regulatory requirements. 

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In addition, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”) significantly changed how 

the U.S. taxes corporations. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act requires complex computations to be performed that were 
not previously required in U.S. tax law, significant judgments to be made in interpretation of the provisions of the 
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and significant estimates in calculations, and the preparation and analysis of information not 
previously relevant or regularly produced. The U.S. Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), 
and other standard-setting bodies could interpret or issue guidance on how provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 
will be applied or otherwise administered that is different from our interpretation. 

We deliver products to many of our customers through our own fleet of vehicles. The U.S. DOT regulates our 

operations in domestic interstate commerce. We are subject to safety requirements governing interstate operations 
prescribed by the U.S. DOT. Vehicle dimensions and driver hours of service also remain subject to both federal and 
state regulation. More restrictive limitations on vehicle weight and size, trailer length and configuration, or driver 
hours of service could increase our costs, which, if we are unable to pass these cost increases on to our customers, 
would reduce our gross profit and net income (loss) and increase our selling, general and administrative expenses. 

We cannot predict whether future developments in law and regulations concerning our business units will 

affect our business, financial condition and results of operations in a negative manner. Similarly, we cannot assess 
whether our business units will be successful in meeting future demands of regulatory agencies in a manner which 
will not materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Interruptions in the proper functioning of information technology systems could disrupt operations and cause 
unanticipated increases in costs, decreases in revenues, or both. The implementation of our technology initiatives 
could disrupt our operations in the near term, and our technology initiatives might not provide the anticipated 
benefits or might fail. 

Because we use our information technology (“IT”) systems to, among other things, manage inventories and 

accounts receivable, make purchasing decisions and monitor our results of operations, the proper functioning of our 
IT systems is important to the successful operation of our business. Although our IT systems are protected through 
physical and software safeguards and remote processing capabilities exist, IT systems are still vulnerable to natural 
disasters, power losses, unauthorized access, telecommunication failures and other problems. If critical IT systems 
fail, or are otherwise unavailable, our ability to process orders, track credit risk, identify business opportunities, 
maintain proper levels of inventories, collect accounts receivable and pay expenses and otherwise manage our 
business units would be adversely affected. 

Management uses IT systems to support decision making and to monitor business performance. We may fail 

to generate accurate financial and operational reports essential for making decisions at various levels of 
management. Failure to adopt systematic procedures to maintain quality IT general controls could disrupt our 
business. In addition, if we do not maintain adequate controls such as reconciliations, segregation of duties and 
verification to prevent errors or incomplete information, our ability to operate our business could be limited. 

Third-party service providers are responsible for managing a significant portion of our IT systems. Our 

business and results of operations may be adversely affected if the third-party service provider does not perform 
satisfactorily. Additionally, there is no guarantee that we will continue to have access to these third-party IT systems 
after our current license agreements expire, and, if we do not obtain licenses to use effective replacement IT 
systems, our financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected. 

We have made, and will continue to make, significant technology investments in each of our business units 

and in our administrative functions. Our technology initiatives are designed to streamline our operations to allow our 
associates to continue to provide high quality service to our customers and to provide our customers a better 
experience, while improving the quality of our internal control environment. The cost and potential problems and 
interruptions associated with the implementation of our technology initiatives could disrupt or reduce the efficiency 
of our operations in the near term. In addition, our new or upgraded technology might not provide the anticipated 
benefits, it might take longer than expected to realize the anticipated benefits or the technology might fail altogether. 
The occurrence of such interruptions could have a material adverse effect on our business financial condition and 
results of operations. 

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Cybersecurity attacks may threaten our confidential information, disrupt operations and result in harm to our 
reputation and adversely impact our business and financial performance. 

Cybersecurity attacks across industries, including ours, are increasing in sophistication and frequency and may 

range from uncoordinated individual attempts to measures targeted specifically at us. These attacks include but are 
not limited to, malicious software or viruses, including “ransomware” attempts to gain unauthorized access to, or 
otherwise disrupt, our information systems, attempts to gain unauthorized access to business, proprietary or other 
confidential information, and other electronic security breaches that could lead to disruptions in critical systems, 
unauthorized release of confidential or otherwise protected information and corruption of data. “Ransomware,” are 
electronic security breaches through which an attacker gains access to an organization’s computer files, renders 
them temporarily inaccessible and threatens to permanently delete them if a cash ransom is not paid. Cybersecurity 
failures may be caused by employee error, malfeasance, other corporate or governmental actors, system errors or 
vulnerabilities, including vulnerabilities of our vendors, suppliers, and their products. While we have been subject to 
cybersecurity attacks in the past, that (based on information known to date) did not have a material impact on our 
financial condition or results of operations, we may experience such attacks in the future, potentially with more 
frequency or sophistication which may have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. 

Failures of our IT systems as a result of cybersecurity attacks or other disruptions could result in a breach of 

critical operational or financial controls and lead to a disruption of our operations, commercial activities or financial 
processes. Cybersecurity attacks or other disruptions impacting significant customers and/or suppliers could also 
lead to a disruption of our operations or commercial activities. Despite our attempts to safeguard our systems and 
mitigate potential risks, there is no assurance that such actions will be sufficient to prevent cyberattacks or security 
breaches that manipulate or improperly use our systems or networks, compromise confidential or otherwise 
protected information, destroy or corrupt data, or otherwise disrupt our operations. The occurrence of such events 
could have a material adverse effect on our business financial condition and results of operations. 

If we become subject to material liabilities under our self-insured programs, our financial results may be 
adversely affected. We may see increased costs arising from health care legislation. 

We provide workers’ compensation, automobile and product/general liability coverage through a high 
deductible insurance program. In addition, we provide medical coverage to some of our employees through a self-
insured preferred provider organization. Possible changes to health care legislation could have possible adverse 
effects including increased costs, exposure to expanded liability and requirements for us to revise ways in which we 
provide healthcare and other benefits to our employees. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and 
cash flows may be adversely affected if the cost, number and severity of insurance claims increases. 

Our success depends upon our ability to control labor costs and to attract, train and retain highly qualified 
employees and key personnel. 

To be successful, we must attract, train and retain a large number of highly qualified employees while 
controlling related labor costs. Our ability to control labor costs is subject to numerous external factors, including 
prevailing wage rates and health and other insurance costs. We compete with other businesses for these employees 
and invest significant resources in training and motivating them. There is no assurance that we will be able to attract 
or retain highly qualified employees in the future, including, in particular, those employed by companies we acquire. 
None of our domestic employees are currently covered by collective bargaining or other similar labor agreements. 
However, if a number of our employees were to unionize, including in the wake of any future legislation that makes 
it easier for employees to unionize, the effect on us may be negative. Inability to negotiate acceptable new contracts 
under any collective bargaining arrangements could cause strikes or other work stoppages, and new contracts could 
result in increased operating costs. If any such strikes or other work stoppages occur, or if employees become 
represented by a union, we could experience a disruption of our operations and higher labor costs. Labor relations 
matters affecting our suppliers of products and services could also adversely affect our business from time to time. 

In addition, our business results of operations depend largely upon our chief executive officer and senior 

management team as well as our plant managers and sales personnel, including those of companies recently 
acquired, and their experience, knowledge of local market dynamics and specifications and long-standing customer 
relationships. We customarily sign executive responsibility agreements with certain key personnel who are granted 

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restricted stock, stock options and/or performance-based restricted stock units under our employee incentive 
compensation programs, which contain confidentiality and non-competition provisions. However, in certain 
jurisdictions, non-competition provisions may not be enforceable or may not be enforceable to their full extent. Our 
inability to retain or hire qualified plant managers or sales personnel at economically reasonable compensation 
levels would restrict our ability to grow our business, limit our ability to continue to successfully operate our 
business and result in lower operating results and profitability. 

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights, or we infringe on the intellectual property rights of 
others, our ability to compete could be negatively impacted. 

Our ability to compete effectively depends, in part, upon our ability to protect and preserve proprietary aspects 

of our intellectual property, which we attempt to do, both in the United States and in foreign countries, through a 
combination of patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret laws, as well as licensing agreements and third-party 
nondisclosure and assignment agreements. Because of the differences in foreign trademark, patent and other laws 
concerning proprietary rights, our intellectual property rights may not receive the same degree of protection in 
foreign countries as they would in the United States. Our failure to obtain or maintain adequate protection of our 
intellectual property rights for any reason could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations 
and financial condition. 

We have applied for patent protection relating to certain existing and proposed products, processes and 
services. While we generally apply for patents in those countries where we primarily intend to make, have made, 
use, or sell patented products, we may not accurately predict all of the countries where patent protection will 
ultimately be desirable. If we fail to timely file a patent application in any such country, we may be precluded from 
doing so at a later date. Furthermore, we cannot assure that any of our patent applications will be approved. We also 
cannot assure that the patents issuing as a result of our foreign patent applications will have the same scope of 
coverage as our United States patents. The patents we own could be challenged, invalidated or circumvented by 
others and may not be of sufficient scope or strength to provide us with any meaningful protection or commercial 
advantage. Further, we cannot assure that competitors will not infringe our patents, or that we will have adequate 
resources to enforce our patents. 

We also rely on unpatented proprietary technology. It is possible that others will independently develop the 

same or similar technology or otherwise obtain access to our unpatented technology. To protect our trade secrets and 
other proprietary information, we generally require applicable employees, consultants, advisors and collaborators to 
enter into confidentiality agreements. We cannot assure that these agreements will provide meaningful protection for 
our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use, misappropriation 
or disclosure of such trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information. If we are unable to maintain the 
proprietary nature of our technologies, we could be materially adversely affected. 

We rely on our trademarks, trade names and brand names to distinguish our products from the products of our 

competitors and have registered or applied to register many of these trademarks. We cannot assure that our 
trademark applications will be approved. Third parties may also oppose our trademark applications or otherwise 
challenge our use of the trademarks. In the event that our trademarks are successfully challenged, we could be 
forced to rebrand our products, which could result in loss of brand recognition, and could require us to devote 
resources to advertising and marketing new brands. Further, we cannot assure that competitors will not infringe our 
trademarks or that we will have adequate resources to enforce our trademarks. We also license third parties to use 
certain of our trademarks. In an effort to preserve our trademark rights, we enter into license agreements with these 
third parties which govern the use of our trademarks and which require our licensees to abide by quality control 
standards with respect to the goods and services that they provide under our trademarks. Although we make efforts 
to police the use of our trademarks by our licensees, we cannot assure that these efforts will be sufficient to ensure 
that our licensees abide by the terms of their licenses. In the event that our licensees fail to do so, our trademark 
rights could be diluted. 

Although we rely on copyright laws to protect the works of authorship (including software) created by us, we 
generally do not register the copyrights in any of our copyrightable works. Copyrights of United States origin must 
be registered before the copyright owner may bring an infringement suit in the United States. Furthermore, if a 
copyright of United States origin is not registered within three months of publication of the underlying work, the 

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copyright owner is precluded from seeking statutory damages or attorneys’ fees in any United States enforcement 
action and is limited to seeking actual damages and lost profits. Accordingly, if one of our unregistered copyrights 
of United States origin is infringed by a third party, we will need to register the copyright before we can file an 
infringement suit in the United States, and our remedies in any such infringement suit may be limited. 

The misuse of our intellectual property rights by others could adversely impact our ability to compete, cause 

our net sales to decrease or otherwise harm our business. If it became necessary for us to resort to litigation to 
protect our intellectual property rights, any proceedings could be burdensome and costly, and we may not prevail. 

Also, we cannot be certain that the products that we sell do not and will not infringe issued patents or other 

intellectual property rights of others. Further, we are subject to legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course 
of our business, including claims of alleged infringement of the patents, trademarks and other intellectual property 
rights of third parties by us or our customers, whom we generally indemnify in connection with their use of the 
products that we manufacture. These claims could divert management’s attention and resources and may require us 
to initiate or defend protracted and costly litigation on behalf of ourselves or our customers, regardless of the merits 
of the claims. Should we be found liable for infringement, we may be required to enter into licensing agreements (if 
available on acceptable terms or at all) or pay damages and cease making or selling certain products. Moreover, we 
may need to redesign or sell different products to avoid future infringement liability. Any of the foregoing could 
cause us to incur significant costs, prevent us from selling our products or negatively impact our ability to compete. 

We could incur significant costs in complying with environmental, health and safety laws or permits or as a 
result of satisfying any liability or obligation imposed under such laws or permits. 

Our operations are subject to various federal, state, local and foreign environmental, health and safety laws 

and regulations. Among other things, these laws regulate the emission or discharge of materials into the 
environment, govern the use, storage, treatment, disposal and management of hazardous substances and wastes, 
protect the health and safety of our employees and the end users of our products, regulate the materials used in and 
the recycling of products and impose liability for the costs of investigating and remediating, and damages resulting 
from, present and past releases of hazardous substances. Violations of these laws and regulations, failure to obtain or 
maintain required environmental permits or non-compliance with any conditions contained in any environmental 
permit can result in substantial fines or penalties, injunctive relief, requirements to install pollution or other controls 
or equipment, civil and criminal sanctions, permit revocations and/or facility shutdowns. We could be held liable for 
the costs to address contamination of any real property we have ever owned, leased, operated or used, including as a 
disposal site. We could also incur fines, penalties, sanctions or be subject to third-party claims for property damage, 
personal injury or nuisance or otherwise as a result of violations of or liabilities under environmental laws in 
connection with releases of hazardous or other materials. 

In addition, changes in, or new interpretations of, existing laws, regulations or enforcement policies, the 
discovery of previously unknown contamination, or the imposition of other environmental liabilities or obligations 
in the future, including additional investigation or other obligations with respect to any potential health hazards of 
our products or business activities or the imposition of new permit requirements, may lead to additional compliance 
or other costs that could have material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and 
cash flows. 

A change in our product mix could adversely affect our results of operations. 

Our results may be affected by a change in our product mix on which our gross margin depends. Changes in 

our product mix may result from marketing activities to existing customers and needs communicated to us from 
existing and prospective customers. Our outlook, budgeting and strategic planning assume a certain product mix of 
sales. If actual results vary from this projected product mix of sales, our financial results could be negatively 
impacted. 

We may be affected by global climate change or by legal, regulatory or market responses to such potential 
change. 

Concern over climate change, including the impact of global warming, has led to significant federal, state, and 
international legislative and regulatory efforts to limit greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions. For example, in the past 

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several years, the U.S. Congress has considered various bills that would regulate GHG emissions. While these bills 
have not yet received sufficient Congressional support for enactment, some form of federal climate change 
legislation is possible in the future. Even in the absence of such legislation, the Environmental Protection Agency, 
spurred by judicial interpretation of the Clean Air Act, may regulate GHG emissions, especially diesel engine 
emissions, and this could impose substantial costs on us. These costs include an increase in the cost of the fuel and 
other energy we purchase and capital costs associated with updating or replacing our internal fleet of trucks and 
other vehicles prematurely. In addition, new laws or future regulation could directly and indirectly affect our 
customers and suppliers (through an increase in the cost of production or their ability to produce satisfactory 
products) and our business (through the impact on our inventory availability, cost of sales, operations or demands 
for the products we sell). Until the timing, scope and extent of any future regulation becomes known, we cannot 
predict its effect on our cost structure or our operating results. Notwithstanding our dedication to being a responsible 
corporate citizen, it is reasonably possible that such legislation or regulation could impose material costs on us. 

Anti-terrorism measures and other disruptions to the raw material supply network could impact our operations. 

Our ability to provide efficient distribution of products to our customers is an integral component of our 
overall business strategy. In the aftermath of terrorist attacks in the United States, federal, state and local authorities 
have implemented and continue to implement various security measures that affect the raw material supply network 
in the United States and abroad. If security measures disrupt or impede the receipt of sufficient raw materials, we 
may fail to meet the needs of our customers or may incur increased expenses to do so. 

Risks Relating to Our Indebtedness 

Our level of indebtedness could adversely affect our business, financial conditions or results of operations and 
prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under the agreements governing the terms of our indebtedness. 

As of March 31, 2020, we had, on a consolidated basis, total indebtedness (excluding finance lease 
obligations) of approximately $1,100 million (excluding $8.5 million of outstanding letters of credit), excluding 
$241.5 million of undrawn availability under the revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) portion 
of our existing senior secured credit facility with Barclays Bank PLC as administrative agent, and the several lenders 
from time to time party thereto (the "Senior Secured Credit Facility”). Our indebtedness could have risks. For 
example, it could: 

•  make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to the Company's existing 5.0% senior 

notes due 2027 (the "Senior Notes") and our Senior Secured Credit Facility; 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

increase our vulnerability to and compromise our flexibility to plan for, or react to, general adverse 
economic, industry or competitive conditions, including interest rate fluctuations, because a portion of our 
borrowings, will be at variable rates of interest; 

cause us to be unable to meet the financial covenants contained in our debt agreements, or to generate cash 
sufficient to make required debt payments, which circumstances would have the potential of accelerating 
the maturity of some or all of our outstanding indebtedness; 

require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our 
indebtedness, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital 
expenditures, acquisitions, joint ventures and investments and other general corporate purposes, that could 
improve our competitive position, results of operations or share price; 

require us to sell debt or equity securities or to sell some of our core assets, possibly on unfavorable terms, 
to meet payment obligations; 

expose us to the risk of increased interest rates, as certain of our borrowings are at variable rates of interest; 

increase our vulnerability to downturns or adverse changes in general economic, industry or competitive 
conditions and adverse changes in government regulations; 

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• 

• 

• 

place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that do not have the same level of 
indebtedness as we do and competitors that may be in a more favorable position to access additional capital 
resources; 

limit our ability to execute business development and acquisition activities to support our strategies; 

limit our ability to obtain additional indebtedness or equity financing for working capital, capital 
expenditures, service line development, debt service requirements, acquisitions and general corporate or 
other purposes due to applicable financial and restrictive covenants in our debt agreements; and  

• 

limit our ability to refinance our substantial indebtedness on more favorable terms. 

We expect to pay expenses and to pay principal and interest on current and future debt from cash provided by 

from operating activities. Therefore, our ability to meet these payment obligations will depend on future financial 
performance and cash availability, which is subject in part to numerous economic, business and financial factors 
beyond our control. If our cash flow and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt obligations, we may be 
forced to reduce or delay expansion plans and capital expenditures, limit payment of dividends, sell material assets 
or operations, obtain additional capital or restructure our debt. 

We borrowed under our new Credit Agreement to finance our acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies. Any 
failure by us to comply with operating and financial restrictions and covenants under the Senior Secured Credit 
Facility could result in the accelerated maturity of debt obligations, which could materially and adversely affect 
our liquidity. 

In connection with our acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, we replaced our previous credit 

agreement and financing under a shelf arrangement with the Senior Secured Credit Facility, which was used to 
finance the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies. The credit agreement under the Senior Secured Credit 
Facility (the "Credit Agreement”) contains numerous restrictive covenants that limit our discretion in the operation 
of our business, which could, in turn, have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and 
results of operations. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow or otherwise obtain the funds necessary to 
make required repayments under the Credit Agreement, or if we fail to comply with the requirements of the 
covenant pertaining to limitations on our indebtedness, we could trigger an event of default under the Credit 
Agreement. Any default that is not cured or waived could result in the acceleration of the obligations under the 
Credit Agreement. Any such default which actually causes an acceleration of obligations could have a material 
adverse effect on our liquidity and financial condition. Additionally, the covenants in the Credit Agreement may 
restrict the conduct of our business, which could adversely affect our business by, among other things, limiting our 
ability to take advantage of financings, mergers, acquisitions and other corporate opportunities that may be 
beneficial to our business. Our ability to comply with covenants contained in the Credit Agreement may be affected 
by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry conditions. 

The Credit Agreement governing our Senior Secured Credit Facility and the Indenture governing our Senior 
Notes each permit us and our subsidiaries to incur substantial additional indebtedness. This could exacerbate the 
risks associated with our substantial indebtedness. 

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness, including additional secured 

debt, in the future. Although the terms of the Indenture governing the Senior Notes and the Credit Agreement 
governing our Senior Secured Credit Facility contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, these 
restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions and the indebtedness incurred in compliance 
with these restrictions could be substantial. As of March 31, 2020, after giving effect to the Transactions, we would 
have had, on a consolidated basis, total indebtedness (excluding finance lease obligations) of $1,100 million 
(excluding $8.5 million of outstanding letters of credit), excluding $241.5 million of undrawn availability under the 
Revolving Credit Facility portion of the Senior Secured Credit Facility. In addition, the Indenture governing the 
Senior Notes allows us to issue additional notes under certain circumstances and to incur other types of 
indebtedness, which will also be guaranteed by the subsidiary guarantors. In addition, the Indenture does prevent us 
from incurring certain other liabilities that do not constitute “Indebtedness” (as defined in the Indenture). If new debt 

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or other liabilities are added to our current debt levels, the related risks that we and our subsidiaries new face could 
intensify. 

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take other 
actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful. 

Our ability to make scheduled payments on or to refinance our debt obligations and to fund working capital, 
planned capital expenditures and expansion efforts and any strategic alliances or acquisitions we may make in the 
future depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which are subject to prevailing economic and 
competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. We may not be able 
to assure you that we will maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay the 
principal, premium, if any, and interest on our debt. 

If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced 

to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures, or to sell assets, seek additional capital, restructure or 
refinance our debt or sell assets. These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet 
our scheduled debt service obligations. If our operating results and available cash are insufficient to meet our debt 
service obligations, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets 
or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions 
or to obtain the proceeds sought from them, and these proceeds may not be adequate to meet any debt service 
obligations then due. Further, we may need to refinance all or a portion of our debt on or before maturity. Any 
refinancing of our debt could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, 
which could further restrict our business operations, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any 
of our debt on commercially reasonable terms or at all. 

We may have future capital needs and may not be able to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms. 

Although we believe that our current cash position and the additional committed funding available under our 

Senior Secured Credit Facility is sufficient for our current operations, any reductions in our available borrowing 
capacity, or our inability to renew or replace our debt facilities when required or when business conditions warrant, 
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The economic 
conditions, credit market conditions, and economic climate affecting our industry, as well as other factors, may 
constrain our financing abilities. Our ability to secure additional financing, if available, and to satisfy our financial 
obligations under indebtedness outstanding from time to time will depend upon our future operating performance, 
the availability of credit generally, economic conditions and financial, business and other factors, many of which are 
beyond our control. The market conditions and the macroeconomic conditions that affect our industry could have a 
material adverse effect on our ability to secure financing on favorable terms, if at all. 

If financing is not available when needed, or is available on unfavorable terms, we may be unable to take 
advantage of business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, any of which could have a material adverse 
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

The agreements and instruments governing our indebtedness impose or will impose restrictions that may limit 
our operating and financial flexibility. 

The operating and financial covenants and restrictions in each of the Credit Agreement that governs the Senior 

Secured Credit Facility and the Indenture that governs the Senior Notes may adversely affect our ability to finance 
our future operations or capital needs or engage in other business activities that may be in our interest. The 
agreements governing our indebtedness will restrict, subject to certain important exceptions and qualifications, our 
and our subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: 

• 

• 

incur additional debt or issue certain disqualified stock and preferred stock; 

create liens; 

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• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

pay dividends or distributions or redeem or repurchase equity; 

prepay subordinated debt or make certain investments; 

transfer and sell assets; 

engage in a consolidation or merger, or sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of their 
assets; 

enter into agreements that restrict dividends, loans and other distributions from our subsidiaries; and 

enter into transactions with affiliates. 

These covenants could have the effect of limiting our flexibility in planning for or reacting to changes in our 

business and the markets in which we compete. In addition, the agreements governing our Senior Secured Credit 
Facility will require us to comply with a financial maintenance covenant. Operating results below current levels or 
other adverse factors, including a significant increase in interest rates, could result in our being unable to comply 
with the financial covenant contained in the Credit Agreement. If we violate covenants under the Credit Agreement 
and are unable to obtain a waiver from our lenders, our indebtedness under our Senior Secured Credit Facility would 
be in default and could be accelerated by our lenders. Because of cross-default provisions in the agreements and 
instruments governing our debt, a default under one agreement or instrument could result in a default under, and the 
acceleration of, our other debt. 

If our indebtedness is accelerated, we may not be able to repay our indebtedness or borrow sufficient funds to 
refinance it. Even if we are able to obtain new financing, it may not be on commercially reasonable terms, on terms 
that are acceptable to us, or at all. If our indebtedness is in default for any reason, our business, financial condition 
and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, complying with these covenants 
may also cause us to take actions that are not favorable to holders of the Senior Notes and may make it more 
difficult for us to successfully execute our business strategy and compete against companies that are not subject to 
such restrictions. 

Risks Relating to Our Common Stock 

Our ability to make future dividend payments, if any, may be restricted. 

We have a history of paying dividends to our stockholders when sufficient cash is available, and we 
currently intend to pay dividends in the future. Any determination to pay dividends on our capital stock in the 
future will be at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable laws and the provisions of our 
amended and restated certificate of incorporation (including those relating to the payment of dividends on our 
convertible preferred stock), and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital 
requirements, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors considers relevant. In 
addition, the terms of our Credit Facilities contain restrictions on our ability to pay dividends. Also, Delaware la w 
may impose requirements that may restrict our ability to pay dividends to holders of our common stock.  

In addition, we recently declared a special dividend. The fact that we declared a special dividend does not 

suggest and stockholders should not expect that our Board of Directors will declare a regular or special cash 
dividend in the future. Any future dividends will depend on a variety of factors, including our liquidity and 
balance sheet position, solvency, strength of operations, product successes, research and development needs and 
other factors. 

We cannot assure our stockholders that an active market for shares of our common stock can be sustained and 
the market price of our common stock may be volatile and could decline in the future. 

We cannot assure that an active public market for our common stock will be sustained. In the absence of a 

public trading market, you may not be able to liquidate your investment in our common stock. The market price of 
our common stock may fluctuate significantly. Among the factors that could affect our stock price are: industry or 
general market conditions; domestic and international economic factors unrelated to our performance (including the 
economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic); changes in our customers’ preferences; new regulatory 

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pronouncements and changes in regulatory guidelines; actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating 
results; changes in securities analysts’ estimates of our financial performance or lack of research and reports by 
industry analysts; action by institutional stockholders or other large stockholders, including future sales; speculation 
in the press or investment community; investor perception of us and our industry; changes in market valuations or 
earnings of similar companies; announcements by us or our competitors of significant products, contracts, 
acquisitions or strategic partnerships; developments or disputes concerning patents or proprietary rights, including 
increases or decreases in litigation expenses associated with intellectual property lawsuits we may initiate, or in 
which we may be named as defendants; failure to complete significant sales; any future sales of our common stock 
or other securities; and additions or departures of key personnel. 

The stock markets have experienced extreme volatility in recent years that has been unrelated to the operating 
performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our 
common stock. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, class action 
litigation has often been instituted against such company. Any litigation of this type brought against us could result 
in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources, which would harm our business, 
operating results and financial condition. 

Future sales of shares by existing stockholders, including our Employee Stock Ownership Plan, could cause our 
stock price to decline. 

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales 

could occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. Based on shares outstanding as of 
March 31, 2020, we have 69.3 million outstanding shares of common stock, including 0.4 million outstanding shares 
of our restricted stock, a significant portion of which are freely tradeable without restriction under the Securities Act 
of 1933, as amended, (“Securities Act”) unless held by “affiliates,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the 
Securities Act. The remaining shares of common stock outstanding are restricted securities within the meaning of 
Rule 144 under the Securities Act. Restricted securities may be sold in the public market only if their offer and sale 
is registered under the Securities Act or if the offer and sale of those securities qualify for an exemption from 
registration, including exemptions provided by Rules 144 and 701 under the Securities Act. We have filed one or 
more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register the shares of common stock to be 
issued under our equity compensation plans and, as a result, all shares of common stock acquired upon exercise of 
stock options granted under our plans are also freely tradable under the Securities Act, unless purchased by our 
affiliates. As of March 31, 2020, there were stock options outstanding to purchase a total of approximately 
1.4 million shares of our common stock. In addition, approximately 1.8 million shares of common stock are 
available for grant under our 2017 Omnibus Plan. 

Certain of our significant stockholders may distribute shares that they hold to their investors who themselves 

may then sell into the public market. Such sales may not be subject to the volume, manner of sale, holding period 
and other limitations of Rule 144 of the Securities Act (“Rule 144”). As resale restrictions end, the market price of 
our common stock could decline if the holders of those shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending 
to sell them. 

All of the shares of our convertible preferred stock held by our Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) 

may be converted into our common stock at any time by action of the ESOP trustee, and will be automatically 
converted into our common stock upon distributions of such shares allocated to the ESOP accounts of ESOP 
participants upon a distribution event such as retirement or other termination of employment. Such distributed 
common stock will not be subject to any lock-up agreement and will be eligible for future sale, subject to the 
applicable volume, manner of sale, holding period and other limitations of Rule 144. As of March 31, 2020, there 
were approximately 21.6 million shares of convertible preferred stock held by our ESOP, which in aggregate could 
be converted into approximately 16.5 million shares of our common stock. All of these shares will be eligible for 
future sale, either by the ESOP trustee or by ESOP participants, subject to the limitations of Rule 144. 

In the future, we may issue additional shares of common stock or other equity or debt securities convertible 
into common stock in connection with a financing, acquisition, litigation settlement or employee arrangement or 
otherwise. Any of these issuances could result in substantial dilution to our existing stockholders and could cause 
the trading price of our common stock to decline. 

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Our directors, officers and principal stockholders have significant voting power and may take actions that may 
not be in the best interests of our other stockholders. 

As of May 19, 2020, our directors, officers and principal stockholders and their affiliates collectively own 
approximately 50% of our outstanding shares of common stock. Additionally, our ESOP holds convertible preferred 
stock that converts into a substantial number of shares of our common stock and, prior to conversion, is entitled to 
vote on a one-for-one basis on any matter requiring the vote or consent of our stockholders, voting together with our 
common stock as a single class unless otherwise required by law. Thus, the collective voting power of our directors, 
officers and principal stockholders and their affiliates as of May 19, 2020 is approximately 62%, inclusive of the 
outstanding shares of convertible preferred stock held by the ESOP. As a result, these stockholders, if they act 
together, may be able to control our management and affairs and most matters requiring stockholder approval, 
including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of 
ownership may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control and might adversely affect the market 
price of our common stock. This concentration of ownership may not be in the best interests of our other 
stockholders. 

The trustee of our ESOP has certain limited powers to vote a large block of shares on matters presented to 
stockholders for approval. 

In general, the ESOP trustee votes the shares of convertible preferred stock held by the ESOP as directed by 

the ESOP’s participants. Consequently, the ESOP trustee has the ability to vote a significant block of shares on 
certain matters presented to stockholders for approval. Each participant in the ESOP may direct the ESOP trustee on 
how to vote the shares of convertible preferred stock allocated to the participant’s ESOP accounts; and the ESOP 
trustee must vote any unallocated stock and allocated stock for which no participant instructions were received in the 
same proportion as the allocated stock for which participants’ voting instructions have been received is voted. 

Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law could discourage, delay or prevent a 
change in control of us and may affect the trading price of our common stock. 

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws include a number of 
provisions that may discourage, delay or prevent a change in our management or control over us that stockholders 
may consider favorable. For example, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and 
restated bylaws: authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that could be issued by our board of 
directors to thwart a takeover attempt; maintain a classified board of directors, as a result of which our board will 
continue to be divided into three classes, with each class serving for staggered three-year terms, which prevents 
stockholders from electing an entirely new board of directors at an annual meeting; limit the ability of stockholders 
to remove directors; provide that vacancies on our board of directors, including newly-created directorships, may be 
filled only by a majority vote of directors then in office; prohibit stockholders from calling special meetings of 
stockholders; prohibit stockholder action by written consent, thereby requiring all actions to be taken at a meeting of 
the stockholders; do not give the holders of our common stock cumulative voting rights with respect to the election 
of directors, which means that the holders of a majority of our outstanding shares of common stock can elect all 
directors standing for election; establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of 
directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at stockholder meetings; require a super-
majority stockholders vote of 75% to approve any reorganization, recapitalization, share exchange, share 
reclassification, consolidation, merger, conversion or sale of all or substantially all assets to which we are a party 
that is not approved by the affirmative vote of at least 75% of the members of our board of directors; and require the 
approval of holders of at least 75% of the outstanding shares of our voting common stock to amend the bylaws and 
certain provisions of the certificate of incorporation. 

Any provision of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws or 

Delaware General Corporation Law that has the effect of delaying or deterring a change in control could limit the 
opportunity for our stockholders to receive a premium for their shares of our common stock, and could also affect 
the price that some investors are willing to pay for our common stock. 

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may also make it 

difficult for stockholders to replace or remove our management. These provisions may facilitate management 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

entrenchment that may delay, deter, render more difficult or prevent a change in our control, which may not be in 
the best interests of our stockholders. 

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of 
Delaware is the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit 
our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, 
employees or agents. 

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that the Court of Chancery of the State of 
Delaware is the exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; any action asserting 
a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed to us or our stockholders by our directors, officers, employees or agents; 
any action asserting a claim against us arising under the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and 
restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; or any action asserting a claim against us 
that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest 
in shares of our common stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of our 
amended and restated certificate of incorporation described above. The choice of forum provision may limit a 
stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, 
officers, employees or agents, which may discourage such lawsuits against us or our directors, officers, employees 
or agents. If a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our amended and restated certificate of 
incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with 
resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition. 

Item 1B. 

Unresolved Staff Comments 

None. 

Item 2.  Properties 

Property 

We have a network of 64 manufacturing plant locations and 32 distribution centers, summarized in the 

following table:  

United States 
Canada 
Mexico (1) 
South America (1)(2) 
Other (3) 
Total 

Manufacturing 
Plants 
52 
4 
4 
4 
— 
64 

Distribution 
Centers 
21 
5 
— 
5 
1 
32 

Total 
73 
9 
4 
9 
1 
96 

(1)  Manufacturing plants and distribution centers in Mexico and South America are owned or leased by our 

joint ventures. 

(2)  Manufacturing plants and distribution centers owned or leased by our South America joint venture are not 

consolidated. 

(3)  The other facility is located in the Netherlands. 

We currently own approximately 36,000 square feet and lease approximately 16,000 square feet of office 

space in Hilliard, Ohio for our corporate headquarters and lease an office space in Old Saybrook, Connecticut for 
our Infiltrator Water Technologies headquarters.  

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Our network of 64 manufacturing plants consist of 45 that are owned and 19 that are leased. We generally 

prefer to own our manufacturing plant locations, with a typical pipe manufacturing facility consisting of 
approximately 40,000 square feet and 15-20 acres of land for storage of pipe and related products. Our network of 
32 distribution centers consisted of 2 owned and 30 leased. We believe that our properties have been adequately 
maintained and are generally in good condition. The extent to which we use our properties varies by property and 
from time to time but we believe the capacity of our facilities is adequate for the level of production and distribution 
activities necessary in our business as presently conducted. Each distribution center carries single wall and dual wall 
pipe and fittings and Allied Products per needs of the local market. 

In-House Fleet 

As of March 31, 2020, our in-house fleet consist of approximately 725 tractors and approximately 1,350 

trailers that are specially designed to haul our lightweight pipe and fittings products. 

Item 3. 

Legal Proceedings 

The Company is involved from time to time in various legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of 

our business, including but not limited to commercial disputes, environmental matters, employee related claims, 
intellectual property disputes and litigation in connection with transactions including acquisitions and divestitures. 
The Company does not believe that such litigation, claims, and administrative proceedings will have a material 
adverse impact on our financial position or our results of operations. The Company records a liability when a loss is 
considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated.  

 Item 4. 

Mine Safety Disclosures 

Not applicable. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

PART II 

Item 5. 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities 

Market Information for Common Stock 

Our common stock is listed and traded on the NYSE under the symbol “WMS”. 

During each quarter of fiscal 2020, the Board of Directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per 

share to all common stockholders. During the first quarter of fiscal 2020, the Board of Directors approved a special 
dividend of $1.00 per share payable on June 14, 2019 to stockholder of record at the close of business on June 3, 
2019. In addition, during each quarter of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, the Board of Directors approved a quarterly 
cash dividend of $0.08 per share and $0.07 per share, respectively, to all common stockholders.  

During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per share of 
common stock. The dividend is payable on June 15, 2020 to stockholders of record at the close of business on June 
1, 2020. 

Holders of Record 

As of May 19, 2020, we had 574 holders of record of our common stock. The number of holders of record is 
based upon the actual number of holders registered as of such date and does not include holders of shares in “street 
name” or persons, partnerships, associates, corporations or other entities in security position listings maintained by 
depositories.

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Stock Performance Graph 

The following graph presents a comparison from March 31, 2015 through March 31, 2020 of the cumulative 

return of our common stock, the Standard and Poor’s Index (“S&P 500”) and the Russell 2000 Index (“Russell 
2000”). The graph assumes investment of $100 on March 31, 2015 in our common stock and in each of the two 
indices and the reinvestment of dividends. 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities 

Since the completion of our IPO, we have not sold any securities without registration under the Securities Act 

of 1933, as amended. 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 

In February 2017, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $50 million of our common stock. 

Repurchases of common stock will be made in accordance with applicable securities laws. The stock repurchase 
program does not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and may be suspended or 
terminated at any time at our discretion. During fiscal 2018, we repurchased 400,000 shares of common stock at a 
cost of $7.9 million. 

Equity Compensation Plan Information 

For equity compensation plan information, refer to “Part III, Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain 

Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters,” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Item 6.          Selected Financial and Operating Data 

The following tables set forth selected historical consolidated financial data, for the periods and as of the dates 

indicated, that should be read in conjunction with “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations,” and our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in “Item 
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Form 10-K. The following table presents Non-GAAP 
measures of Adjusted EBITDA and Free Cash Flow. We explain these measures below and reconcile to their most 
directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. Our historical results 
are not necessarily indicative of future results. 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) 
Consolidated statement of operations data: 
Net sales 
Cost of goods sold 
Cost of goods sold - ESOP special dividend 
compensation 
Gross profit 
Selling expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Selling, general and administrative - ESOP special 
dividend compensation 
Loss on disposal of assets and 
   costs from exit and disposal activities 
Intangibles amortization 
Income from (loss) operations 
Interest expense 
Derivative losses (gains) and other expense 
   (income), net 
(Loss) income before income taxes 
Income tax expense 
Equity in net (income) loss of unconsolidated 
   affiliates 
Net (loss) income 
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling 
   interest 
Net (loss) income attributable to ADS 
Weighted average common shares outstanding: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Net (loss) income per share 

Basic 
Diluted 

Cash dividends declared per share 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

  $ 1,673,805     $ 1,384,733     $ 1,330,354     $ 1,257,261     $ 1,290,678   
    1,188,716       1,057,766       1,027,873        961,451       1,005,326   

—       

     168,610       
—   
     316,479        326,967        302,481        295,810        285,352   
88,478   
     117,068       
92,504   
     154,270       

92,764       
91,475       
98,392        110,950       

96,335       
89,692       

—       

—       

78,142       

—       

—       

—       

—   

3,647       
5,338       
7,880       
57,010       
(95,349 )      129,413       
18,618       
82,711       

15,003       
8,068       
88,254       
15,262       

8,509       
8,548       
76,328       
17,467       

1,554       

(815 )     
     (179,614 )      111,610       
30,049       

14,092       

(3,950 )     
76,942       
11,411       

(5,970 )     
64,831       
24,615       

812   
9,224   
94,334   
18,460   

16,575   
59,299   
23,498   

(1,909 )     
     (191,797 )     

95       
81,466       

739       
64,792       

4,308       
35,908       

5,234   
30,567   

1,377       
     (193,174 )     

3,694       
77,772       

2,785       
62,007       

2,958       
32,950       

5,515   
25,052   

63,820       
63,820       

57,025       
57,611       

55,696       
56,334       

54,919       
55,624       

53,978   
55,176   

  $ 

(3.21 )   $ 
(3.21 )     
1.36       

1.23     $ 
1.22       
0.32       

1.00     $ 
0.99       
0.28       

0.51     $ 
0.50       
0.24       

0.40   
0.39   
0.20   

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(Amounts in thousands) 
Consolidated balance sheet data: 
Cash 
Working capital (1) 
Total assets 
Long-term debt 
Long-term finance lease obligations 
Total liabilities 
Total mezzanine equity (2) 
Total stockholders’ equity 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
data: 
Net cash provided by operating activities 
Net cash used in investing activities (3) 
Net cash (used in) provided by financing 
   activities (4) 
Other financial data: 
Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP) 
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (Non-GAAP) 
Capital expenditures 
Free Cash Flow (Non-GAAP) 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

8,891      $ 

6,450      $ 

17,587      $ 

  $  174,233      $ 

6,555   
427,998         260,228         237,210         184,812         187,378   
     2,369,888        1,042,159        1,043,242        1,046,285        1,037,316   
     1,089,368         208,602         270,900         310,849         312,214   
56,809   
     1,585,306         541,524         609,433         695,850         723,080   
247,097         102,322         109,550         112,825         111,747   
537,485         398,313         324,259         237,610         202,489   

58,710        

59,963        

61,555        

44,501        

  $  306,189      $  151,678      $  137,120      $  104,239      $  135,342   
(49,018 ) 
    (1,150,470 )      

(61,259 )      

(30,445 )      

(42,544 )      

     1,011,572         (117,655 )      

(94,953 )      

(42,825 )      

(82,964 ) 

  $  361,868      $  231,960      $  210,230      $  193,371      $  187,340   

21.6 %     
67,677        

16.8 %     
43,412        
238,512         108,266        

15.8 %     
41,709        
95,411        

15.4 %     
46,676        
57,563        

14.5 % 

44,942   
90,400   

(1)  Working capital is equal to current assets less current liabilities. Working capital is an indication of liquidity 

and potential need for short-term funding. 

(2)  Our mezzanine equity consists of the redeemable convertible preferred stock held by our ESOP as well, prior 
to the acquisition of the noncontrolling interest in third quarter of fiscal 2019, the Redeemable noncontrolling 
interest in subsidiaries related to the noncontrolling interest in the BaySaver joint venture. See “Note 4. 
Acquisitions” and “Note 10. Investment in Consolidated Affiliates,” within our consolidated financial 
statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Form 10-K for further 
information regarding the accounting treatment for certain of the amounts included in mezzanine equity, 
“Note 16. Employee Benefit plans” regarding the accounting treatment for our mezzanine equity post-IPO. 

(3)  We acquired Infiltrator Water Technologies on July 31, 2019. 
(4)  Financing activities are described in detail in the section “Liquidity and Capital Resources”. 

Non-GAAP Measures 

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin – EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted 
EBITDA Margin, non-GAAP financial measures, have been presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as 
supplemental measures of financial performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with GAAP. 
We calculate EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes and depreciation and amortization. We calculate 
adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based 
compensation expense, non-cash charges and certain other expenses. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA Margin as 
Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales. 

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-

K because they are key metrics used by management and our Board of Directors to assess our financial performance. 
EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are frequently used by analysts, investors and other 
interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry. In addition to covenant compliance and executive 
performance evaluations, we use EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin to supplement GAAP 
measures of performance to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies, to make budgeting decisions and to 
compare our performance against that of other peer companies using similar measures. 

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EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are not GAAP measures of our financial 
performance and should not be considered as alternatives to net income as measures of financial performance or 
cash flows from operations or any other performance measure derived in accordance with GAAP, and it should not 
be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. EBITDA, 
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin contain certain other limitations, including the failure to reflect 
our cash expenditures, cash requirements for working capital needs and cash costs to replace assets being 
depreciated and amortized. In evaluating EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin, you should 
be aware that in the future we will incur expenses that are the same as or similar to some of the adjustments in this 
presentation, such as stock-based compensation expense, derivative fair value adjustments, and foreign currency 
transaction losses. Management compensates for these limitations by relying on our GAAP results in addition to 
using EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin on a supplemental basis. Our measure of 
EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled 
captions of other companies due to different methods of calculation. 

The following table presents a reconciliation of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin 

to Net income (loss), the most comparable GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Net income (loss) 
Depreciation and amortization 
Interest expense 
Income tax expense 
EBITDA 
Loss on disposal of assets or 
   businesses 
ESOP and stock-based compensation expense 
ESOP special dividend 
   compensation (a) 
Transaction costs (b) 
Inventory step up related to the Acquisition 
Strategic growth and operational improvement 
initiatives (c) 
COVID-19 related expenses (d) 
Restatement-related costs (e) 
Other adjustments (f) 
Adjusted EBITDA 
Adjusted EBITDA Margin 

2020 

2019 

2017 

2018 
  $ (191,797 )    $  81,466      $  64,792      $  35,908      $  30,567   
     124,940         71,900         75,003         72,355         71,009   
     82,711         18,618         15,262         17,467         18,460   
     14,092         30,049         11,411         24,615         23,498   
     29,946         202,033         166,468         150,345         143,534   

2016 

5,338        

8,509        
     32,395         21,828         18,845         17,875        

3,647         15,003        

     246,752        
     22,896        
7,880        

—        
699        
—        

—        
1,362        
—        

—        
372        
—        

812   
4,382   

—   
—   
—   

6,659        
5,081        
8        
4,913        

—   
—   
4,227         24,026         27,970   
(7,756 )       10,642   
4,325        
  $  361,868      $ 231,960      $ 210,230      $ 193,371      $ 187,340   

3,450        
—        
(1,924 )      
2,227        

—        
—        

—        
—        

21.6 %     

16.8 %     

15.8 %     

15.4 %     

14.5 % 

(a) 

In the first quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company paid a special dividend of $1.00 per share. The dividend was 
used to pay back a portion of the ESOP loan resulting in $246.8 million in additional stock-based 
compensation. See “Note 19. Net Income Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity” for additional information. 

(b)  Represents expenses recorded related to legal, accounting and other professional fees incurred in connection 

with business or asset acquisitions and dispositions. 

(c)  Represents professional fees incurred in connection with our strategic growth and operational improvement 

initiatives, which include various market feasibility assessments and acquisition strategies, along with our 
operational improvement initiatives, which include evaluation of our manufacturing network and 
improvement initiatives. 
Includes expenses in connection with our response to the COVID-19 pandemic including pandemic pay, see 
“Note 16. Employee Benefit Plans” for additional information, and crisis management. 

(d) 

(e)  Represents expenses recorded related to legal, accounting and other professional fees incurred in connection 

with the restatement of our prior period financial statements. The benefit recognized in fiscal 2019 is the result 
of insurance proceeds received in fiscal 2019. Fiscal 2019 and 2018 expenses relate to the ongoing SEC 
Enforcement Division’s investigation and related shareholder litigation. 

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(f) 

Includes derivative fair value adjustments, foreign currency transaction (gains) losses, the proportionate share 
of interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization related to the South American Joint Venture, which is 
accounted for under the equity method of accounting, contingent consideration remeasurement, executive 
retirement expense (benefit) and legal settlements. The other adjustments in fiscal 2020 also includes expenses 
related to the ADS Mexicana’s investigation as described in “Note 15. Commitments and Contingencies”. 

Free Cash Flow - Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that comprises cash flow from operations 
less capital expenditures. Free cash flow is a measure used by management and our Board of Directors to assess our 
ability to generate cash. Accordingly, free cash flow has been presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as a 
supplemental measure of liquidity that is not required by, or presented in accordance with GAAP, because 
management believes that free cash flow provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and 
evaluating our ability to generate cash flow from operations after capital expenditures. 

Free cash flow is not a GAAP measure of our liquidity and should not be considered as an alternative to cash 

flow from operating activities as a measure of liquidity or any other liquidity measure derived in accordance with 
GAAP. Our measure of free cash flow is not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled captions of other 
companies due to different methods of calculation. 

The following table presents a reconciliation of Free cash flow to Cash flow from operating activities, the 

most comparable GAAP measure, for each of the periods indicated. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Cash flow from operating activities 
Capital expenditures 
Free cash flow 

2019 

2020 

2018 
  $  306,189     $  151,678     $  137,120     $  104,239     $  135,342   
     (67,677 )      (43,412 )      (41,709 )      (46,676 )      (44,942 ) 
  $  238,512     $  108,266     $  95,411     $  57,563     $  90,400   

2017 

2016 

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Item 7. 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

Our fiscal year begins on April 1 and ends on March 31. Unless otherwise noted, references to “year” pertain 

to our fiscal year. For example, 2020 refers to fiscal 2020, which is the period from April 1, 2019 to March 31, 
2020. 

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of our operations should be read 

in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are based on the beliefs of our 
management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management. Our actual 
results could differ materially from those discussed below. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences 
include, but are not limited to, those identified below, and those discussed in the sections titled “Item 1A. Risk 
Factors” and “Cautionary Statement About Forward-Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K. Please read the following discussion together with the sections titled “Item 1A. Risk 
Factors,” “Item 6. Selected Financial and Operating Data” and our consolidated financial statements, including 
the related notes, included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Form 10-K. 

We consolidate our joint venture for purposes of GAAP, except for our South American Joint Venture. 

Overview 

We are the leading manufacturer of high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe, providing a 
comprehensive suite of water management products and superior drainage solutions for use in the underground 
construction and infrastructure marketplace. Our innovative products are used across a broad range of end markets 
and applications, including non-residential, residential, agriculture and infrastructure applications. We have 
established a leading position in many of these end markets by leveraging our national sales and distribution 
platform, our overall product breadth and scale and our manufacturing excellence. In the United States, our national 
footprint combined with our strong local presence and broad product offering make us the leader in an otherwise 
highly fragmented sector comprised of many smaller competitors. With the acquisition of Infiltrator Water 
Technologies in the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we are now a leading provider of plastic leach field chambers, 
septic tanks and accessories for use primarily in residential applications. 

Our products are generally lighter, more durable, more cost effective and easier to install than comparable 
alternatives made with traditional materials. Following our entrance into the non-residential construction market 
with the introduction of N-12 corrugated polyethylene pipe in the late 1980s, our pipe has been displacing traditional 
materials, such as reinforced concrete, corrugated steel and PVC, across an ever-expanding range of end markets. 
This has allowed us to consistently gain share and achieve above market growth throughout economic cycles. We 
expect to continue to drive conversion to our products from traditional materials as contractors, civil design 
engineers and municipal agencies increasingly acknowledge the superior physical attributes and compelling value 
proposition of our thermoplastic products. In addition, we believe that overall demand for our products will benefit 
as the regulatory environment continues to evolve. 

Our broad product line includes HDPE pipe, PP pipe, related water management products and, after the 

Acquisition, plastic leach field chambers and septic tanks. We refer to our plastic leach field chamber and septic 
tank products as Infiltrator Water Technologies. Infiltrator Water Technologies shares a similar conversion strategy 
as our Pipe products, gaining market share through conversion from traditional materials. Building on our core 
drainage businesses, we have aggressively pursued attractive ancillary product categories such as storm chambers, 
PVC drainage structures, fittings and filters, and water quality filters and separators, including our acquisition of 
Infiltrator Water Technologies. We refer to our ancillary product categories as Allied Products & Other. Given the 
scope of our overall sales and distribution platform, we have been able to drive growth within our Allied Products & 
Other and believe there are significant growth opportunities going forward. 

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Executive Summary 

Fiscal Year 2020 Results 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Net sales increased 20.9% to $1,673.8 million 

Net loss of $191.8 million as compared to net income of $81.5 million in the prior year 

o 

Includes $246.8 million of additional one-time ESOP stock-based compensation expense 

Adjusted EBITDA increased 56.0% to $361.9 million  

Cash provided by operating activities increased 101.9% to $306.2 million 

Free cash flow increased 120.3% to $238.5 million 

Net sales increased $289.1 million, or 20.9%, to $1,673.8 million, as compared to $1,384.7 million in the prior year. 
Domestic pipe sales increased $85.8 million, or 9.9%, to $954.6 million. Allied & Other sales increased $47.9 
million, or 13.5%, to $403.3 million. These increases were driven by strong performance in both the U.S. 
construction and agriculture end markets. International net sales decreased $12.0 million or 7.5% to $148.6 million 
as compared to $160.6 million in the prior year, driven primarily by a decrease in Mexico sales. Infiltrator Water 
Technologies contributed an additional $211.0 million to net sales prior to the effects of intercompany eliminations. 

As part of the Company’s capital allocation strategy, the Company paid a dividend of $1.09 per share in the first 
quarter of fiscal 2020, including a $1.00 special dividend to all shareholders of record. The ESOP used a portion of 
its proceeds to payback a portion of its loan from the Company, resulting in an allocation of approximately 11.6 
million shares to participants and $246.8 million of non-cash, stock-based compensation expense. The Company 
recorded $168.6 million of this expense in Cost of goods sold – ESOP special dividend compensation and $78.1 
million of this expense in Selling, general and administrative – ESOP special dividend compensation.  

Gross profit decreased $10.5 million to $316.5 million due to the $168.6 million ESOP compensation expense 
described above. Excluding the ESOP special dividend compensation, gross profit increased $158.1 million, or 
48.4%, primarily due to an increase in both pipe and allied product sales as well as favorable pricing and material 
cost. Infiltrator Water Technologies contributed an additional $82.9 million of gross profit prior to the effects of 
intercompany eliminations. This was partially offset by unfavorable inventory absorption cost due to the retention of 
key manufacturing employees during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019 despite lower production volume. 

Impact of COVID-19 

In March 2020, the World Health Organization categorized the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) as a pandemic, and 
it continues to spread throughout the United States and globally. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted, and is likely 
to continue to result, in significant economic disruptions and may have an adverse effect on our business. Significant 
uncertainty exists concerning the magnitude of the impact and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. While our 
production facilities are operating as essential businesses, the Company may experience future impacts such as 
reduced operations or temporarily closing facilities.  

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In efforts to maintain a safe work environment and help contain the spread of COVID-19, we have transitioned to a 
work-from-home policy for those that are able and suspended all nonessential employee travel and events. We have 
also proactively implemented further safety and risk mitigation practices, including: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Educating associates on COVID-19 related symptoms; 

Regularly assessing deliveries and orders in virus “hot zones” and higher-risk geographic regions; 

Employing strict social distancing practices across all departments and divisions; and 

Instituting additional health screenings such as temperature checks at facilities, which currently all 
remain open. 

Importantly, we are following all guidelines and directives from governmental and regulatory agencies across 
manufacturing facilities, distribution centers, and delivery fleets in order to continue operating safely and 
responsibly, while meeting the needs of customers. 

Factors deriving from the COVID-19 response that have or may negatively impact sales and operating profit in the 
future include, but are not limited to: limitations on our ability to procure raw materials, declines in product demand, 
limitations on our ability to meet delivery requirements and commitments, limitations on the ability of our 
employees to perform their work due to illness caused by the pandemic or local, state, or federal orders requiring 
employees to remain at home and limitations on the ability of our customers to pay us on a timely basis. 

While we may experience unfavorable impacts to our business, given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, the 
full extent of the COVID-19 pandemic on our ongoing business, results of operations and overall financial 
performance is difficult to forecast at this time. In fiscal 2020, we communicated to all hourly employees that each 
of them would be entitled to the equivalent of two weeks, or 80 hours, of pandemic pay regardless of whether they 
experienced any interruption of employment. We recognized pandemic pay costs and accrued pandemic pay liability 
of $4.8 million in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020. The cash payment of pandemic pay did not occur in fiscal 
2020 and will occur at a future date. Also, we have deferred payment of the Company’s share of Social Security 
payroll taxes as permitted under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), 
which allows for the deferral of these payments through the end of 2020 and requires repayment of the deferred 
amounts in 2021 and 2022. 

Key Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations 

Product Demand - There are numerous factors that influence demand for our products. Our businesses are cyclical 
in nature and sensitive to general economic conditions, primarily in the United States, Canada, Mexico and South 
America. The non-residential, residential, agricultural and infrastructure markets we serve are affected by the 
availability of credit, lending practices, interest rates and unemployment rates. Demand for new homes, farm 
income, commercial development and highway infrastructure spending have a direct impact on our financial 
condition and results of operations. Accordingly, the following factors may have a direct impact on our business in 
the markets in which our products are sold: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the strength of the economy; 

the amount and type of non-residential and residential construction; 

funding for infrastructure spending; 

farm income and agricultural land values; 

inventory of improved housing lots; 

changes in raw material prices; 

the availability and cost of credit; 

non-residential occupancy rates; 

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• 

• 

commodity prices; and 

demographic factors such as population growth and household formation. 

Product Pricing - The price of our products is impacted by competitive pricing dynamics in our industry as well as 
by raw material input costs. Our industry is highly competitive and the sales prices for our products may vary based 
on the sales policies of our competitors. Raw material costs represent a significant portion of the cost of goods sold 
for our products. We aim to increase our product selling prices in order to cover raw material price increases, but the 
inability to do so could impact our profitability. Movements in raw material, logistics or other overhead costs and 
resulting changes in the selling prices may also impact changes in period-to-period comparisons of net sales. 

Material Conversion - Our HDPE and PP pipe, plastic leach field chambers, septic tanks and related water 
management product lines compete with other manufacturers of corrugated polyethylene pipe as well as 
manufacturers of alternative products made with traditional materials, such as concrete, steel and PVC. Our net sales 
are driven by market trends, including the continued increase in adoption of thermoplastic corrugated pipe products 
as a replacement for traditional materials. Thermoplastic corrugated pipe is generally lighter, more durable, more 
cost effective and easier to install than comparable products made from traditional materials. We believe customers 
will continue to acknowledge the superior attributes and compelling value proposition of our thermoplastic products 
and expanded regulatory approvals allow for their use in new markets and geographies. In addition, we believe that 
PP pipe products will also help accelerate conversion given the additional applications for which our PP pipe 
products can be used. 

We believe the adoption of HDPE and PP pipe outside of the United States is still in its early stages and 

represents a significant opportunity for us to continue to increase the conversion to our products from traditional 
products in these markets, including Canada, Mexico and South America where we operate. 

Growth in Allied Products & Other - Our Allied Products & Other include storm and septic chambers, PVC 
drainage structures, fittings, stormwater filters and water separators. These products complement our pipe product 
lines and allow us to offer a comprehensive water management solution to our customers and drive organic growth. 
Our leading market position in pipe products allows us to cross-sell Allied Products & Other effectively. Our 
comprehensive offering of Allied Products & Other also helps us increase pipe sales in certain markets. Our Allied 
Products & Other are less sensitive to increases in resin prices since resin prices represent a smaller percentage of 
the cost for Allied Products & Other. 

Our leading position in the pipe market has allowed us to increase organic growth of our Allied Products & 

Other. We also expect to expand our Allied Product offerings through acquisitions. 

Raw Material Costs - Our raw material cost and product selling prices fluctuate with changes in the price of resins 
utilized in production. We actively manage our resin purchases and pass fluctuations in the cost of resin through to 
our customers, where possible, in order to maintain our profitability. Fluctuations in the price of crude oil and 
natural gas prices may impact the cost of resin. In addition, changes in and disruptions to existing ethylene or 
polyethylene capacities could also significantly increase resin prices, often within a short period of time, even if 
crude oil and natural gas prices remain low. Our ability to pass through raw material price increases to our 
customers may, in some cases, lag the increase in our costs of goods sold. Sharp rises in raw material prices over a 
short period of time have historically occurred with a significant supply disruption (hurricanes or fires at 
petrochemical facilities), which may increase prices to levels that cannot be fully passed through to customers due to 
pricing of competing products made from different raw materials or the anticipated length of time the raw material 
pricing will stay elevated. For more information regarding risks relating to our raw material costs, see “Item 1A. 
Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Business.” 

We currently purchase in excess of 1,100 million pounds of virgin and recycled resin annually from over 
470 suppliers in North America. As a high-volume buyer of resin, we are able to achieve economies of scale to 
negotiate favorable terms and pricing. Our purchasing strategies differ based on the material (virgin resin versus 
recycled material) ordered for delivery to our production locations. The price movements of the different materials 
also vary, resulting in the need to use a number of strategies to reduce volatility.  

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In order to reduce the volatility of raw material costs in the future, our raw material strategies for managing 

our costs include the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

increasing the use of less price-volatile recycled HDPE resin in our pipe products in place of virgin resin 
while meeting or exceeding industry standards; 

internally processing an increasing percentage of our recycled HDPE resin in order to closely monitor 
quality and minimize costs (approximately 81% of our recycled HDPE resin was internally processed 
(enhanced) in fiscal 2020); 

managing a resin price risk program that may entail both physical fixed price and volume contracts 
along with financial hedges. For our PP virgin resin price exposure, we have the ability to utilize 
financial hedges of propylene as a proxy for PP; and 

maintaining supply agreements with our major resin suppliers that provide multi-year terms and 
volumes that are in excess of our projected consumption. 

We also consume a large amount of energy and other petroleum products in our operations, including the 

electricity we use in our manufacturing process as well as the diesel fuel consumed in delivering a significant 
volume of products to our customers through our in-house fleet. As a result, our operating profit also depends upon 
our ability to manage the cost of the energy and fuel we require, as well as our ability to pass through increased 
prices or surcharges to our customers. 

Seasonality - Our operating results are impacted by seasonality. Historically, sales of our products have been higher 
in the first and second quarters of each fiscal year due to favorable weather and longer daylight conditions 
accelerating construction project activity during these periods while fourth quarter results are impacted by the timing 
of spring in the northern United States and Canada. Seasonal variations in operating results may also be significantly 
impacted by inclement weather conditions, such as cold or wet weather, which can delay projects, resulting in 
decreased net sales for one or more quarters, but we believe that these delayed projects generally result in increased 
net sales during subsequent quarters. 

In the non-residential, residential and infrastructure markets in the northern United States and Canada, the 
construction season typically begins to gain momentum in late March and lasts through November, before winter 
sets in, significantly slowing the construction markets. In the southern and western United States, Mexico, Central 
America and South America, the construction markets are less seasonal. The agricultural drainage market is 
concentrated in the early spring just prior to planting and in the fall just after crops are harvested prior to freezing of 
the ground in winter. 

Currency Exchange Rates - Although we sell and manufacture our products in many countries, our sales and 
production costs are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars. We have wholly-owned facilities in Canada, the 
Netherlands and joint venture facilities in Mexico, Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Peru. The functional 
currencies in the areas in which we have wholly-owned facilities and joint venture facilities other than the U.S. 
dollar are the Canadian dollar, Euro, Mexican peso, Chilean peso, Brazilian real and Colombian peso. In fiscal 2019, 
we converted the functional currency of joint venture facilities using the Argentine peso to the Chilean peso. From 
time to time, we use derivatives to reduce our exposure to currency fluctuations. 

Description of our Segments 

Following the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, we revised our reportable segments to reflect how 

the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) currently reviews financial information and makes operational 
decisions. After the Acquisition, we operate our business in three distinct reportable segments: “Pipe”, 
“International” and “Infiltrator Water Technologies.” “Allied Products & Other” represents our Allied Products and 
all other business segments. “Pipe” and “Allied Products & Other” were previously disclosed as our Domestic 
segment. 

We generate a greater proportion of our net sales and gross profit in our Pipe segment, which consists of Pipe 
product sales in all regions of the United States. We expect the percentage of total net sales and gross profit derived 

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from our other segments to continue to increase in future periods as we continue to expand non-Pipe product and our 
international presence. See “Note 21. Business Segment Information,” to our audited consolidated financial 
statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Form 10-K. 

Pipe – Our Pipe segment manufactures and markets high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe throughout the 
United States. We maintain and serve these markets through product distribution relationships with many of the 
largest national and independent waterworks distributors, buying groups and co-ops, major national retailers as well 
as an extensive network of hundreds of small to medium-sized distributors across the United States. For fiscal 2020, 
2019 and 2018, we generated net sales attributable to our Pipe segment of $954.6 million, $868.8 million, and 
$844.9 million, respectively.  

Infiltrator Water Technologies –Infiltrator Water Technologies is a leading national provider of plastic leach field 
chambers and systems, septic tanks and accessories, primarily for use in residential applications. Infiltrator Water 
Technologies products are used in on-site septic wastewater treatment systems in the United States and Canada. We 
acquired Infiltrator Water Technologies on July 31, 2019. We generated net sales to external customers attributable 
to our Infiltrator Water Technologies segment of $211.0 million subsequent to the acquisition. 

International - Our International segment manufactures and markets products in regions outside of the United 
States, with a strategy focused on our owned facilities in Canada and those markets serviced through our joint 
ventures in Mexico and South America. Pipe manufactured in these countries is primarily sold into the same region. 
Our joint venture strategy has provided us with local and regional access to new markets. For fiscal 2020, 2019, and 
2018, we generated net sales attributable to our International segment of $148.6 million, $160.6 million, and 
$155.9 million, respectively. Our investment in the South American Joint Venture is accounted for under the equity 
method and is not consolidated for financial reporting purposes. The unconsolidated sales of the South American 
Joint Venture were $52.5 million, $47.6 million, and $44.6 million, in fiscal 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. 

Allied Products & Other – Our other operating segments manufacture a range of Allied Products & Other that are 
complementary to our Pipe products. Our Allied Products & Other offer adjacent technologies to our core Pipe 
offering, presenting a complete drainage solution for our clients and customers. For fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018, our 
other reporting units generated net sales of $403.3 million, $355.3 million and $329.6 million, respectively. 
Unconsolidated sales for our domestic unconsolidated joint venture, Tigre-ADS USA, prior to the Company’s 
divestiture in April 2018 were $17.6 million in fiscal 2018. 

Non-GAAP Financial Measures 

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin - EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted 
EBITDA Margin, non-GAAP financial measures, have been presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as 
supplemental measures of financial performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with GAAP. 
We calculate EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes and depreciation and amortization. We calculate 
adjusted EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, stock-based 
compensation expense, non-cash charges and certain other expenses. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA Margin as 
Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales. 

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-

K because they are key metrics used by management and our Board of Directors to assess our financial performance. 
EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are frequently used by analysts, investors and other 
interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry. In addition to covenant compliance and executive 
performance evaluations, we use EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin to supplement GAAP 
measures of performance to evaluate the effectiveness of our business strategies, to make budgeting decisions and to 
compare our performance against that of other peer companies using similar measures. 

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are not GAAP measures of our financial 
performance and should not be considered as alternatives to net income as measures of financial performance or 
cash flows from operations or any other performance measure derived in accordance with GAAP, and it should not 
be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. EBITDA, 
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin contain certain other limitations, including the failure to reflect 

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our cash expenditures, cash requirements for working capital needs and cash costs to replace assets being 
depreciated and amortized. In evaluating EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin, you should 
be aware that in the future we will incur expenses that are the same as or similar to some of the adjustments in this 
presentation, such as stock-based compensation expense, derivative fair value adjustments, and foreign currency 
transaction losses. Management compensates for these limitations by relying on our GAAP results in addition to 
using EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin on a supplemental basis. Our measure of 
EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled 
captions of other companies due to different methods of calculation. 

For a reconciliation of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin to net income (loss), the 

most comparable GAAP measure, see “Item 6. Selected Financial and Operating Data.” 

The following table presents our Adjusted EBITDA for the Company prior to the Acquisition (“Legacy 
ADS”), which consists of the combination of the Segment Adjusted Gross Profit for Pipe, Allied Products & Other, 
and International plus the portion of corporate and selling expenses which impacts Adjusted EBITDA and Infiltrator 
Water Technologies prior to the Acquisition (“Legacy Infiltrator Water Technologies”), which consists of the 
combination of the Segment Adjusted Gross Profit for Infiltrator Water Technologies plus the portion of corporate 
and selling expenses which impacts Adjusted EBITDA. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Legacy ADS Adjusted EBITDA 
Pipe Adjusted Gross Profit 
International Adjusted Gross Profit 
Allied Products & Other Adjusted Gross Profit 
Unallocated corporate and selling expenses 

Legacy ADS Adjusted EBITDA 

Legacy Infiltrator Water Technologies Adjusted 
EBITDA 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 

  $ 

239,531     $  191,002     $ 
37,191       
36,999       
168,729       
201,206       
(190,353 )     
(164,962 )     
287,383     $  231,960     $ 

186,330   
31,725   
155,166   
(162,991 ) 
210,230   

Infiltrator Water Technologies Adjusted Gross Profit 
Unallocated corporate and selling expenses 

98,245       
(21,865 )     

—       
—       

Legacy Infiltrator Water Technologies Adjusted 
EBITDA 

  $ 

76,380     $ 

—     $ 

—   
—   

—   

Intersegment eliminations 

Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA 

(1,895 )     

—       
361,868     $  231,960     $ 

—   
210,230   

  $ 

Free Cash Flow - Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure that comprises cash flow from operations less 
capital expenditures. Free cash flow is a measure used by management and our Board of Directors to assess our 
ability to generate cash. Accordingly, free cash flow has been presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as a 
supplemental measure of liquidity that is not required by, or presented in accordance with GAAP, because 
management believes that free cash flow provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and 
evaluating our ability to generate cash flow from operations after capital expenditures. 

Free cash flow is not a GAAP measure of our liquidity and should not be considered as an alternative to cash 

flow from operating activities as a measure of liquidity or any other liquidity measure derived in accordance with 
GAAP. Our measure of free cash flow is not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled captions of other 
companies due to different methods of calculation. 

For a reconciliation of Free cash flow to Cash flow from operating activities, the most comparable GAAP 

measure, see “Item 6. Selected Financial and Operating Data.” 

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Results of Operations 

Results of Operations by Segment 

The following table presents our net sales by segment, net sales by segment as a percentage of total net sales, 

gross profit by segment, gross profit by segment as a percentage of total gross profit, Segment Adjusted Gross Profit 
and Segment Adjusted Gross Profit as a percentage of total Adjusted Gross Profit by segment for the periods 
presented. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Net sales from external 
   customers by segment 

Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 

International - Pipe 
International - Allied Products & Other 

Total International 
Allied Products & Other 

Total net sales 
Gross profit by segment 

Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 
Allied Products & Other 
Intersegment Elimination 

Total gross profit 
Segment Adjusted Gross Profit 

Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 
Allied Products & Other 
Intersegment Elimination 
Total Adjusted Gross Profit 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $  952,603        56.9 %    $  868,805        62.7 %   $  844,875        63.5 % 
     169,348        10.1 %      

—        —        

—        —   

9.0 % 
8.9 %      119,207       
6.5 %       122,836       
     108,624       
2.4 %      
2.8 % 
36,715       
2.7 %     
37,766       
39,957       
8.9 %       160,602        11.6 %      155,922        11.7 % 
     148,581       
     403,273        24.1 %       355,326        25.7 %      329,557        24.8 % 
  $ 1,673,805        100.0 %    $ 1,384,733        100.0 %   $ 1,330,354        100.0 % 

  $  179,722        56.8 %    $  131,445        40.2 %   $  127,083        42.0 % 

—        —        
82,922        26.2 %      
9.7 %      
30,666       
8.3 % 
9.6 %     
7.9 %       164,290        50.2 %      150,346        49.7 % 
25,064       
(0.6 )%     
(1,895 )     

—        —        

—        —   

—        —   

31,232       

25,052       

  $  316,479        100.0 %    $  326,967        100.0 %   $  302,481        100.0 % 

  $  239,531        41.7 %    $  191,002        48.1 %   $  186,330        49.9 % 

—        —   

98,245        17.1 %      
6.4 %      
36,999       

—        —        
9.4 %     

8.5 % 
     201,206        35.0 %       168,729        42.5 %      155,166        41.6 % 

37,191       

31,725       

(1,895 )     

(0.3 )%     

—        —        

—        —   

  $  574,086        100.0 %    $  396,922        100.0 %   $  373,221        100.0 % 

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Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2020 Compared with Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2019 

The following table summarizes our operating results as a percentage of net sales that have been derived from 

our Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. We believe this 
presentation is useful to investors in comparing historical results. 

Consolidated Statements of Operations 
data: 
Net sales 
Cost of goods sold 
Cost of goods sold - ESOP special dividend 
compensation 

Gross profit 
Selling expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Selling, general and administrative - ESOP 
special dividend compensation 
Loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit 
   and disposal activities 
Intangible amortization 

(Loss) income from operations 

Interest expense 
Derivative losses (gains) and other expense 
(income), net 

(Loss) income before income taxes 

Income tax expense 
Equity in net (income) loss of unconsolidated 
affiliates 

Net (loss) income 

Less: net income attributable to the non- 
   controlling interest 

2020 

2019 

  $ 1,673,805        100.0 %    $ 1,384,733        100.0 % 
    1,188,716        71.0   

    1,057,766        76.4   

     168,610        10.1   
     316,479        18.9   
7.0   
     117,068       
9.2   
     154,270       

—        —   
     326,967        23.6   
7.0   
6.5   

96,335       
89,692       

78,142       

4.7   

—        —   

5,338       
57,010       
(95,349 )     
82,711       

0.3   
3.4   
(5.7 ) 
4.9   

3,647       
7,880       
     129,413       
18,618       

0.3   
0.6   
9.3   
1.3   

1,554       
0.1   
     (179,614 )      (10.7 ) 
0.8   

14,092       

(815 )     
     111,610       
30,049       

(0.1 ) 
8.1   
2.2   

(1,909 )     

(0.1 ) 
     (191,797 )      (11.5 ) 

95        —   
5.9   

81,466       

Net (loss) income attributable to ADS 

  $  (193,174 )      (11.5 )%   $ 

1,377       

0.1   

3,694       
77,772       

0.3   
5.6 % 

Net sales – Net sales increased by $289.1 million, of which $169.3 million represented sales from Infiltrator Water 
Technologies. Net sales excluding Infiltrator Water Technologies are referred to as organic sales, a non-GAAP 
measure.  

2020 

2019 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 

Intersegment 
Net Sales 

Net Sales 
from External 
Customers 

   Net Sales 
  $  954,633     $ 
     211,005        (41,657 )      169,348       

(2,030 )   $  952,603     $  868,805     $ 
—       

     Net Sales 

Intersegment 
Net Sales 

Net Sales 
from External 
Customers 
—     $  868,805   
—   
—       

International - Pipe 
International - Allied Products & Other      

Total International 
Allied Products & Other 
Intersegment Eliminations 
Total Consolidated 

     108,624       
39,957       
     148,581       
     403,273       

(43,687 )      43,687       

  $ 1,673,805     $ 

39,957       

—        108,624        122,836       
—       
37,766       
—        148,581        160,602       
—        403,273        355,326       
—       
—       
—     $ 1,673,805     $ 1,384,733     $ 

—        122,836   
—       
37,766   
—        160,602   
—        355,326   
—       
—   
—     $ 1,384,733   

•  Pipe net sales to all customers for fiscal 2020 increased by $85.8 million, or 9.9% compared to fiscal 
2019. The increase was due to an increase in pipe volume resulting in a $91.1 million offset by a $7.7 
million decrease as a result of price and product mix.  

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• 

• 

Infiltrator Water Technologies net sales to all customers increased by $211.0 million. The Company 
acquired Infiltrator Water Technologies in fiscal 2020 and therefore did not report any Infiltrator 
Water Technologies sales for fiscal 2019. 

International net sales for fiscal 2020 decreased by $12.0 million, or 7.5%, compared to fiscal 2019. 
International Pipe sales decreased by $14.2 million, attributable to volume decreases, offset by an 
increase of $2.2 million in International Allied Product sales. 

•  Allied Products & Other net sales for fiscal 2020 increased $47.9 million, or 13.5%, compared to 

fiscal 2019. The increase was due to the combination of both volume increases along with favorable 
price and product mix. 

Cost of goods sold and Gross profit - Cost of goods sold increased by $299.6 million, or 28.3%, and gross profit 
decreased by $10.5 million, or 3.2%, in fiscal 2020 compared to fiscal 2019. The decrease in gross profit was 
primarily due to the ESOP special dividend compensation expense of $168.6 million allocated to Cost of goods sold. 
Gross profit excluding Infiltrator Water Technologies and ESOP special dividend compensation, referred to as 
organic gross profit, a non-GAAP measure, increased by 23.6%. 

Pipe 
International 
Allied Products & Other 
Organic gross profit 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
Cost of goods sold - ESOP special dividend 
compensation 
Intersegment eliminations 
Total gross profit 

Fiscal Year Ended March 31,      

2020 

2019 

   $ Variance    

   % Variance    

(in thousands) 
   $  179,722      $  131,445   
31,232   
   164,290   
   326,967   
—   

30,666   
   193,674     
   404,062     
82,922     

  $ 

48,277   
(566 ) 
29,384   
77,095   
82,922   

   (168,610 )   
(1,895 )   

—   
—   
   $  316,479      $  326,967   

     (168,610 ) 
(1,895 ) 
(10,488 ) 

  $ 

36.7 % 
(1.8 )% 
17.9 % 
23.6 % 
—   

—   
—   
(3.2 )% 

•  Pipe gross profit increased primarily due to the increase in volume sold, offset by the decrease in the 
price and product mix of net sales discussed above. The increase in Pipe gross profit was also 
attributable to lower material and transportation costs, which was partially offset by higher labor and 
overhead costs  

•  The Company acquired Infiltrator Water Technologies in fiscal 2020 and therefore did not report and 

Infiltrator Water Technologies gross profit for fiscal 2019.  

• 

International gross profit decreased primarily due to the decreased net sales discussed above partially 
offset by decreased material and transportation costs. 

•  Allied Products & Other gross profit increased primarily due to the increase in net sales discussed 

above. 

Selling expenses - Selling expenses for fiscal 2020 as a percentage of net sales were consistent with fiscal 2019. 

General and administrative expenses - General and administrative expenses for fiscal 2020 increased $64.6 million 
from the prior year. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $22.2 million in transaction costs primarily 
related to the Acquisition, $13.4 million in general and administrative expenses at Infiltrator Water Technologies, 
$16.0 million increase in salary, bonus, and stock-based compensation expenses to support growth and $3.2 million 
of strategic growth and operational improvement initiative expenses. 

Selling, general and administrative – ESOP special dividend compensation – In fiscal 2020, ESOP special dividend 
compensation expense of $78.1 million was allocated to selling, general and administrative expenses. 

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Loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit and disposal activities – In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, we 
recorded $5.3 million of expense related to loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit and disposal activities 
compared to $3.6 million in the year ended March 31, 2019. The increase is primarily due to $2.6 million of 
Acquisition related severance and other costs. See “Note 2. Loss on Disposal of Assets and Costs from Exit and 
Disposal Activities” for additional discussion. 

Intangible amortization - Intangible amortization increased as a percentage of net sales primarily due to the addition 
of intangible assets related to the Acquisition. 

Interest expense - Interest expense increased $64.1 million in fiscal 2020 as compared to fiscal 2019. The increase 
was primarily due to $33.2 million of the write-off of deferred financing costs and $4.2 million prepayment penalty 
from the extinguishment of debt instruments. The remainder of the increase was due to increased debt levels offset 
by changes in interest rates. See “Note 13. Debt” for additional discussion. 

Derivative losses (gains) and other expense (income), net – Derivative losses (gains) and other expenses (income), 
net, decreased by $2.4 million for fiscal 2020 compared to fiscal 2019. The decrease is primarily due to changes in 
realized and unrealized diesel hedges. 

Income tax expense – For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, we had effective tax rates of (7.9%) and 
26.9%, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily due to stock appreciation from the 
additional ESOP shares allocated and the Acquisition. See “Note 18. Income Taxes” for additional information. 

Equity in net (income) loss of unconsolidated affiliates - Equity in net (income) loss of unconsolidated affiliates 
represents our proportionate share of income or loss attributed to our unconsolidated joint venture in which we have 
significant influence, but not control, over operations. The equity in net (income) loss of unconsolidated affiliates 
increased to $1.9 million income for fiscal 2020 from a $0.1 million loss for fiscal 2019. Prior to the acquisition of 
the noncontrolling interest of Baysaver in fiscal 2019, our proportionate share of income or loss in BaySaver was 
included in equity in net (income) loss of unconsolidated affiliates. 

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest - Income attributable to noncontrolling interest decreased by $2.3 
million from net income of $3.7 million in fiscal 2019 to $1.4 million in fiscal 2020. The change is primarily 
attributable to fluctuations in the profitability of ADS Mexicana.   

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Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2019 Compared with Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2018 

The following table summarizes our operating results as a percentage of net sales that have been derived from 

our Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. We believe this 
presentation is useful to investors in comparing historical results. 

Consolidated Statements of Operations data: 
Net sales 
Cost of goods sold 
Gross profit 
Selling expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit 
   and disposal activities 
Intangible amortization 

Income from operations 

Interest expense 
Derivative gains and other income, net 

Income before income taxes 

Income tax expense 
Equity in net loss of unconsolidated affiliates 

Net income 

Less: net income attributable to the non- 
   controlling interest 

Net income attributable to ADS 

2019 

2018 

  $ 1,384,733       
    1,057,766       
     326,967       
96,335       
89,692       

100.0 %   $ 1,330,354       
76.4        1,027,873       
23.6         302,481       
92,764       
98,392       

7.0        
6.5        

100.0 % 
77.3   
22.7   
7.0   
7.4   

3,647       
7,880       
     129,413       
18,618       
(815 )     
     111,610       
30,049       
95       
81,466       

0.3        
0.6        
9.3        
1.3        
(0.1 )      
8.1        
2.2        
—        
5.9        

15,003       
8,068       
88,254       
15,262       
(3,950 )     
76,942       
11,411       
739       
64,792       

1.1   
0.6   
6.6   
1.1   
(0.3 ) 
5.8   
0.9   
0.1   
4.9   

3,694       
77,772       

  $ 

0.3        
5.6 %   $ 

2,785       
62,007       

0.2   
4.7 % 

Net sales - Net sales totaled $1,384.7 million in fiscal 2019, increasing $54.4 million or 4.1%, as compared to 
$1,330.4 million in fiscal 2018. 

2019 

2018 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 

International - Pipe 
International - Allied Products 
& Other 

Total International 
Allied Products & Other 
Intersegment Eliminations 
Total Consolidated 

   Net Sales 
  $  868,805     $ 
—       

     122,836       

37,766       
     160,602       
     355,326       
—       
  $ 1,384,733     $ 

Intersegment 
Net Sales 

Net Sales 
from External 
Customers 

     Net Sales 

Intersegment 
Net Sales 

—     $  868,805     $  844,875     $ 
—       
—       
—       

Net Sales 
from External 
Customers 
—     $  844,875   
—   
—       

—        122,836        119,207       

—        119,207   

37,766       

36,715       
—       
—        160,602        155,922       
—        355,326        329,557       
—       
—       
—       
—     $ 1,384,733     $ 1,330,354     $ 

36,715   
—       
—        155,922   
—        329,557   
—       
—   
—     $ 1,330,354   

•  Pipe net sales to all customers for fiscal 2019 increased by $23.9 million, or 2.8% compared to fiscal 
2018. The increase was due to price increases and changes in product mix of $49.3 million partially 
offset by a pipe volume decrease of $15.9 million. 

• 

International net sales for fiscal 2019 increased by $4.7 million, or 3.0%, compared to fiscal 2018. 
The decrease was primarily due to an increase in international pipe sales of $3.6 million, or 3.0%, 
which was primarily attributable to price increases and changes in product mix, and a $1.1 million 
increase in international Allied Products & Other net sales. 

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•  Allied Products & Other net sales for fiscal 2019 increased $25.8 million, or 7.8%, compared to 

fiscal 2018. 

Cost of goods sold and Gross profit - Cost of goods sold increased $29.9 million, or 2.9%, to $1,057.8 million 
during fiscal 2019 as compared to $1,027.9 million during fiscal 2018. 

Gross profit increased $24.5 million, or 8.1%, to $327.0 million from $302.5 million during fiscal 2018. Gross 

profit as a percentage of net sales increased to 23.6% in fiscal 2019 from 22.7% in fiscal 2018. 

Pipe 
International 
Allied Products & Other 
Organic gross profit 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
Intersegment eliminations 
Total gross profit 

Fiscal Year Ended March 
31, 

2019 

2018 

      $ Variance        % Variance   

31,232        

(in thousands) 
   $  131,445      $  127,083   
25,052   
      164,290         150,346   
      326,967         302,481   
—        
—   
—   
—        
   $  326,967      $  302,481   

  $ 

4,362   
6,180   
13,944   
24,486   
—   
—   
  $  24,486   

3.4 % 
24.7 % 
9.3 % 
8.1 % 
—   
—   
8.1 % 

•  Pipe gross profit increased primarily due to the price increases and changes in product mix, offset by 
the decrease in pipe volumes discussed above. The increase in Pipe net sales were offset by an 
increase in material and transportation costs and increased labor and overhead.  

• 

International gross profit increased $6.2 million, or 24.7%, for fiscal 2019 as compared to fiscal 2018 
primarily due to decreased labor and overhead and the gross profit impact of the net sales increase 
discussed above. These increases were offset by an increase in material and transportation costs. 

•  Allied Products & Other gross profit increased primarily due to the increase in net sales discussed 

above and lower labor and overhead costs. 

Selling expenses - Selling expenses for fiscal 2019 as a percentage of net sales were consistent with fiscal 2018. 

General and administrative expenses - General and administrative expenses for fiscal 2019 decreased as a 
percentage of net sales by 90 basis points over fiscal 2018. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in 
professional and legal fees of $10.7 million resulting from decreased restatement costs and a legal settlement of $2.0 
million in fiscal 2018. The decrease was offset by an increase in salaries and benefits of $4.4 million due to 
increased headcount to support growth. 

Loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit and disposal activities – In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, we 
recorded $1.6 million of expense related to restructuring activities, including closing one underutilized 
manufacturing facility. In addition, we recorded a loss on other disposals and partial disposals of property, plant and 
equipment of approximately $2.0 million. In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, we recorded $11.4 million of 
expense related to restructuring activities, including closing four underutilized manufacturing facilities. In addition, 
we recorded a loss on other disposals and partial disposals of property, plant and equipment of approximately $3.6 
million. See “Note 2. Loss on Disposal of Assets and Costs from Exit and Disposal Activities” for additional 
discussion. 

Intangible amortization - Intangible amortization remained relatively flat as a percentage of net sales in fiscal 2019 
compared to fiscal 2018. 

Interest expense - Interest expense from our debt and finance lease obligations increased $3.4 million, or 22.0%, in 
fiscal 2019 as compared to fiscal 2018. Interest expense increased primarily due to a $4.5 million change in mark to 

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market losses related to our interest rate swaps. This increase was offset by a decrease in our average overall 
outstanding debt of $49.6 million, or 23.9%, for fiscal 2019 compared to the average balance for fiscal 2018. 

Derivative gains and other income, net – Derivative gains and other income, net, decreased to gains of $0.8 million 
in fiscal 2019 compared to gains of $4.0 million in fiscal 2018. The decrease in derivative gains and other income, 
net is primarily due to other non-operating income of $3.0 million for fiscal 2018. 

Income tax expense – For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, we had effective tax rates of 26.9% and 
14.8%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the impact of tax reform items and 
other discrete items. See “Note 18. Income Taxes” for additional information. 

Equity in net loss of unconsolidated affiliates - Equity in net loss of unconsolidated affiliates decreased $0.6 million 
to a net loss of $0.1 million for fiscal 2019 compared to a net loss of $0.7 million during fiscal 2018. We are no 
longer invested in Tigre-ADS USA and therefore no longer recognizing a proportionate share of Tigre-ADS USA 
net losses. In addition, net income in the South American Joint Venture decreased to a net loss. 

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest - Income attributable to noncontrolling interest remained 
relatively flat as a percentage of net sales in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Historically we have funded our operations through internally generated cash flow supplemented by debt financings, 
equity issuance and finance and operating leases. These sources have been sufficient historically to fund our primary 
liquidity requirements, including working capital, capital expenditures, debt service and dividend payments for our 
convertible preferred stock and common stock. From time to time, we may explore additional financing methods 
and other means to raise capital. There can be no assurance that any additional financing will be available to us on 
acceptable terms or at all. 

The following table presents key liquidity metrics utilized by management. The table includes the Non-GAAP 
measure, Free cash flow, which is further discussed and defined above. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Net cash provided by operating activities 
Capital expenditures 
Free cash flow 
Total debt (debt and finance lease obligations) 
Cash 
Net debt (total debt less cash) 
Leverage ratio 

2019 
151,678   
(43,412 ) 
108,266   

  $ 

2020 

306,189      $ 
(67,677 )      
238,512        
1,162,206        
174,233        
987,973        
2.7        

The following table summarizes our available liquidity as of March 31, 2020: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Revolver capacity 
Less: outstanding borrowings 
Less: letters of credit 
Revolver available liquidity 

   March 31, 2020 
  $ 

350,000   
100,000   
8,505   
241,495   

  $ 

In addition to the available liquidity above, we have the ability to borrow up to $1.3 billion under our Term Loan 
Facility, subject to leverage ratio restrictions. 

As of March 31, 2020, we had $10.8 million in cash that was held by our foreign subsidiaries. We continue to 
evaluate our strategy regarding foreign cash, but our earnings in foreign subsidiaries still remain indefinitely 
reinvested. 

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Debt and Equity Financing Transactions 

As further described below, during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company and certain of its 
subsidiaries entered into a series of transactions that resulted in the refinancing of the existing external borrowings 
of the Company with the new financings, as well as the completion of an underwritten public offering of common 
stock. These financing activities were in connection with the completion of the Acquisition of Infiltrator Water 
Technologies. 

On July 29, 2019, the Company repaid in full all its outstanding indebtedness and other obligations under the Shelf 
Note Agreement totaling $104.4 million by using borrowings from the Company’s existing credit facility under the 
PNC Credit Agreement. Concurrently with the repayment, all security interests and liens securing the Shelf Note 
Agreement were terminated and released, and the Shelf Note Agreement was terminated. 

On July 31, 2019, the Company entered into the Base Credit Agreement with Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative 
agent and the several lenders from time to time party thereto. The Company borrowed under the Credit Agreement 
and the funds were used to (i) finance the Merger Consideration for the acquisition of Infiltrator Water 
Technologies, (ii) repay the total outstanding amount under the existing PNC Credit Agreement, (iii) repay 
outstanding amounts of existing indebtedness incurred by Infiltrator Water Technologies under its outstanding credit 
facility in effect prior to the Acquisition, and (iv) pay certain transaction fees and expenses associated with the 
Acquisition and the Credit Agreement. 

Thereafter, on the Acquisition Closing Date, using borrowings of the Bridge Loan Facility and Bridge Revolving 
Facility under the Bridge Credit Facility, the Company repaid in full all its indebtedness and other obligations under 
the PNC Credit Agreement totaling $239.2 million. Concurrently with the repayment, all security interests and liens 
securing the PNC Credit Agreement were terminated and released and the PNC Credit Agreement was terminated. 

On September 10, 2019, the Company closed the underwritten public offering of common stock (the “Common 
Stock Offering”) and received net proceeds of approximately $293.6 million after deducting underwriting discounts 
and offering expenses, the proceeds of which were used in part to repay outstanding borrowings under the Bridge 
Credit Facility. On September 23, 2019, the Company issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 
Senior Notes, the proceeds of which were used in part to repay outstanding borrowings under the Bridge Credit 
Facility. 

On September 24, 2019, the Company entered into the Senior Secured Credit Facility that amended certain pricing 
and related terms under the Base Credit Agreement. In connection with the Senior Secured Credit Facility, the 
Company also prepaid outstanding borrowings under the Term Loan Facility of the Senior Secured Credit Facility in 
an aggregate principal amount of $600 million. 

Working Capital and Cash Flows 

During fiscal 2020, our net increase in cash amounted to $165.3 million compared to a net decrease of $8.7 

million during fiscal 2019. Our sources of funds in fiscal 2020 were primarily driven by borrowings under the Term 
Loan Facility, Senior Notes and Revolving Credit Facility, proceeds from our Common Stock Offering and an 
increase in cash provided by operating activities. Our use of cash during fiscal 2020 was primarily related to the 
Acquisition and repayment of our previous debt arrangements. Our source of funds in fiscal 2019 was primarily 
driven by an increase in cash provided by operating activities due to increased income from continuing operations 
and increased deferred tax liabilities. Additionally, repayments of our long-term debt and revolving credit facility, 
cash dividend payments and payments of finance lease obligations impacted our cash position.  

As of March 31, 2020, we had $415.7 million in liquidity, including $174.2 million of cash, $241.5 million in 
borrowings available under our Revolving Credit Facility, excluding $8.5 million of outstanding letters of credit. We 
believe that our cash on hand, together with the availability of borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and 
cash generated from operations, will be sufficient to meet our working capital requirements, anticipated capital 
expenditures, scheduled interest payments on our indebtedness and dividend payment requirement for our 
convertible preferred stock for at least the next twelve months. 

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As of March 31, 2020, we had consolidated indebtedness (excluding finance lease obligations) of 

approximately $1,099.7 million, an increase of $862.9 million compared to March 31, 2019. 

Working Capital - Working capital is an indication of liquidity and potential need for short-term funding. We define 
working capital as current assets less current liabilities. 

Working capital increased to $428.0 million as of March 31, 2020, from $260.2 million as of March 31, 2019, 
primarily due to an increase in cash of $165.3 million. The Company holds a favorable cash position and drew down 
$100 million prior to March 31, 2020 on its revolving credit facility out of an abundance of caution to ensure 
liquidity during the COVID-19 pandemic.  

Working capital increased to $260.2 million as of March 31, 2019, from $237.2 million as of March 31, 2018, 

primarily due to an increase in receivables of $15.0 million and a decrease in accounts payable of $11.9 million. 

Operating Cash Flows - During fiscal 2020, cash provided by operating activities was $306.2 million as compared 
with cash provided by operating activities of $151.7 million for fiscal 2019. Cash flow from operating activities 
during fiscal 2020 was primarily impacted by changes in working capital, including improved collections from 
accounts receivable, faster inventory turns and extension of terms of our accounts payable. 

During fiscal 2019, cash provided by operating activities was $151.7 million as compared with cash provided 
by operating activities of $137.1 million for fiscal 2018. Cash flow from operating activities during fiscal 2019 was 
primarily impacted by increased income from continuing operations including decreased restructuring costs. 

Investing Cash Flows - During fiscal 2020, cash used for investing activities was $1,150.5 million. The increase in 
cash used for investing activities was primarily due to the Acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, net of cash 
acquired. Capital expenditures was $67.7 million compared to $43.4 million in fiscal 2019.  

During fiscal 2019, cash used for investing activities was $42.5 million, primarily due to $43.4 million for 

capital expenditures and additions to capitalized software. 

During fiscal 2018, cash used for investing activities was $30.4 million, primarily due to $41.7 million for 

capital expenditures and additions to capitalized software, and $2.0 million for the acquisition of Duraslot, Inc. The 
Company also received $13.6 million of proceeds from the sale of corporate-owned life insurance. 

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Financing Cash Flows – During fiscal 2020, cash provided by financing activities was $1,011.6 million, due to the 
new Term Loan Facility, Senior Notes and Common Stock Offering. These cash inflows were offset by the 
repayment of the PNC Credit Agreement and Prudential Senior Notes, the special and quarterly dividend payments 
of $92.1 million and payments on our finance lease obligations of $27.1 million. The table below summarizes the 
cash flows from the Acquisition, and the related debt and equity transactions. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Bridge Loan Facility 
Bridge Revolving Credit Facility 
PNC Credit Agreement draw 
Prudential Senior Notes payoff 
PNC Credit Agreement payoff 
Acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, 
  fair value of consideration transferred 
Common stock offering, net of offering costs 
Bridge Loan Facility - payment 
Proceeds from Senior Notes Issuance 
Bridge Loan Facility - payment 
Term Loan Facility 
Bridge Loan Facility - payment 
Debt issuance costs 
Cash to Balance Sheet 
Total 

   $ 

Sources 
1,300,000      $ 

145,000   
104,429     
—     
—     

—     
293,648   
—   
350,000   
—   
700,000     
—     
—     
—     

   $ 

2,893,077      $ 

Uses 

—   
—   
—   
(104,429 ) 
(239,240 ) 

(1,146,526 ) 
—   
(300,000 ) 
—   
(300,000 ) 
—   
(700,000 ) 
(34,606 ) 
(68,276 ) 
(2,893,077 ) 

During fiscal 2019, cash used in financing activities was $117.7 million, primarily for net debt payments of 

$62.1 million related to the repayments of the Secured Bank Loans and Senior Notes Payable, payments on our 
finance lease obligations of $24.3 million, dividend payments of $26.1 million and the acquisition of all the 
noncontrolling interest in BaySaver for $8.8 million. 

During fiscal 2018, cash used in financing activities was $95.0 million, primarily for net debt payments of 
$46.8 million related to the refinancing of the Secured Bank Loans and Senior Notes Payable, as discussed in “Note 
13. Debt,” payments on our finance lease obligations of $24.2 million, dividend payments of $18.5 million and 
repurchases of common stock of $7.9 million. 

Capital Expenditures 

Capital expenditures totaled $67.7 million for fiscal 2020. Infiltrator Water Technologies capital expenditures 
for fiscal 2020 was $24.9 million of our total capital expenditures. Our capital expenditures were used primarily to 
support facility improvements, equipment replacements, our recycled resin and operating efficiency initiatives and 
technology. 

Capital expenditures totaled $43.4 million for fiscal 2019. Our capital expenditures were used primarily to 

support facility expansions, equipment replacements, our recycled resin initiatives and technology. For fiscal year 
ended March 31, 2019, our most significant capital expenditures were $10.8 million for increased capacity related to 
manufacturing facility expansion and additional production lines, as well as $4.8 million for additional processing 
and utilization of recycled resin. 

Capital expenditures totaled $41.7 million for fiscal 2018. Our capital expenditures were used primarily to 

support facility expansions, equipment replacements, our recycled resin initiatives and technology. For fiscal year 
ended March 31, 2018, our most significant capital expenditures were $8.4 million for increased capacity related to 
the opening of the manufacturing facility in Harrisonville, MO and $3.7 million related to the implementation of 
three software solutions to support sales growth and operating effectiveness initiatives. 

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We currently anticipate that we will make capital expenditures of approximately $60 to 65 million in fiscal 

2021. Such capital expenditures are expected to be financed using funds generated by operations. 

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) 

The Company established the Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. ESOP (the “ESOP” or the “Plan”) effective 

April 1, 1993 to enable eligible employees to acquire stock ownership in ADS in the form of redeemable convertible 
preferred shares. The Plan was funded by an existing tax-qualified profit-sharing retirement plan, as well as a 30-
year term loan from ADS. Within 30 days following the repayment of the ESOP loan, which will occur no later than 
March 2023, the ESOP committee can direct the shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock owned by the 
ESOP to be converted into shares of the Company’s common stock.  

The Company is obligated to make contributions to the Plan, which, when aggregated with the Plan’s 
dividends, equal the amount necessary to enable the Plan to make its regularly scheduled payments of principal and 
interest due on its term loan to ADS. Compensation expense is recognized based upon the average annual fair value 
of the shares during the period which ADS receives payments on the term loan, and the number of ESOP shares 
allocated to participant accounts. 

As disclosed in “Note 16. Employee Benefit Plans”, redeemable convertible preferred stock can convert to 
common stock upon retirement, disability, death, or vested terminations over the life of the Plan. As stated above, 
within 30 days following the repayment of the ESOP loan, all redeemable convertible preferred stock will be 
converted to common stock, which will be no later than March 2023.  

Following the repayment of the ESOP loan discussed above, the ESOP’s conversion of redeemable 

convertible preferred stock into common stock will impact on the Company’s net income, net income per share and 
common shares outstanding as follows (with the outstanding shares of common stock being approximately 30% 
greater after conversion): 

Impact on Net Income – Absent any other participating securities, the Company will no longer be required to 

apply the two-class method to determine Net income per share once all of the redeemable convertible preferred 
stock is converted into common stock. After the preferred shares are fully allocated upon the repayment of the ESOP 
loan and all of the redeemable convertible preferred stock is converted into common stock, the Company will no 
longer incur the fair value of ESOP deferred compensation attributable to the shares of redeemable convertible 
preferred shares. 

The impact of the ESOP on net income includes the fair value of ESOP deferred compensation attributable to 

the shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock allocated to employee ESOP accounts during the applicable 
period, which is a non-cash charge to our earnings and not deductible for income tax purposes. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Net (loss) income attributable to ADS 
ESOP special dividend compensation 
ESOP deferred stock-based compensation 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $  (193,174 )   $ 
246,752       
20,126       

77,772     $ 
—       
15,296       

62,007   
—   
11,724   

Impact on Common Stock Outstanding – The impact on the number of common shares outstanding will be as 

shares are converted, the number of common shares outstanding will increase. 

(Shares in millions) 
Weighted average common shares outstanding 
Conversion of redeemable convertible shares 

2020 

2019 

2018 

63.8       
17.1       

57.0       
17.6       

55.7   
18.3   

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The repayment of a significant portion of the ESOP loan had an impact on the Company’s net income per 

share in fiscal 2020. 

Debt and Capitalized Lease Obligations 

See “Note 6. Leases” and “Note 13. Debt” to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 8. 
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for a discussion of the Company’s financing transactions, including 
the Secured Bank Loans, the Senior Notes and the Company’s finance lease obligations. 

Financing Transactions 

PNC Term Loans - On June 22, 2017, we entered into the PNC Credit Agreement, which amends and restates the 
original agreement dated as of June 12, 2013, which provided us with a $550 million revolving credit facility, which 
is more fully described in our Fiscal 2019 Form 10-K. On the Closing Date, using borrowings of the new Term Loan 
Facility the Company repaid in full all of its and its subsidiaries indebtedness and other obligations totaling 
$239.2 million under the PNC Credit Agreement. Concurrently with the repayment, all security interests and liens 
held by the Collateral Agent (as defined in the PNC Credit Agreement) securing the PNC Credit Agreement were 
terminated and released and the PNC Credit Agreement was terminated. 

ADS Mexicana Revolving Credit Facility - The Company and ADS Mexicana entered into an Intercompany 
Revolving Credit Promissory Note (the “Intercompany Note”) with a capacity of $12.0 million on June 22, 2018. 
The Intercompany Note matures on June 22, 2022. The Intercompany Note indemnifies the ADS Mexicana joint 
venture partner for 49% of any unpaid borrowing. The interest rates under the Intercompany Note are determined by 
certain base rates or LIBOR rates plus an applicable margin based on the Leverage Ratio. As of March 31, 
2020, there were no borrowings under the Intercompany Note. 

Prudential Senior Notes - On June 22, 2017, we entered into the Shelf Note Agreement to provide for the issuance 
of secured senior notes to the Shelf Note Lenders from time to time in the aggregate principal amount of up to $175 
million, which is more fully described in our Fiscal 2019 Form 10-K. On July 29, 2019, the Company repaid in full 
all of its and its subsidiaries indebtedness and other obligations totaling $104.4 million under the Shelf Note 
Agreement using borrowings from the PNC Credit Agreement as in effect as of July 29, 2019. Concurrently with the 
repayment, the Prudential Shelf Noteholders authorized and directed PNC Bank, National Association, in its 
capacity as Collateral Agent (as defined in the Shelf Note Agreement) to release the security interests and liens 
securing the Shelf Note Agreement and the Shelf Note Agreement was terminated. 

Bridge Credit Facility – On July 31, 2019, we entered into the Base Credit Agreement with Barclays Bank PLC, as 
administrative agent and the several lenders from time to time party thereto. The Base Credit Agreement provides 
for up to $1.3 billion as a Term Loan Facility, up to $350 million as a Revolving Facility, up to $50 million as an 
L/C Facility and up to $50 million, as a sublimit of the Revolving Facility. 

On July 31, 2019, the Company borrowed under the Base Credit Agreement which was used to (i) finance the 
Merger Consideration paid in connection with the closing of the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies by us 
which occurred on July 31, 2019 (the “Merger”), (ii) and repay the total outstanding amount as of the Closing Date 
under the PNC Credit Agreement, (iii) repay outstanding amounts of existing indebtedness incurred by Infiltrator 
Water Technologies under its outstanding credit facility in effect prior to the Acquisition, and (iv) pay certain 
transaction fees and expenses associated with the Acquisition and the Base Credit Agreement. 

New Senior Secured Credit Facility - On September 24, 2019, the joint lead arrangers informed the Company that 
the parties had successfully completed a syndication of the remaining balance of the Bridge Credit Facility. The 
Senior Secured Credit Facility provided for a Term Loan Facility with an initial aggregate amount of $700 million, 
up to $350 million as a Revolving Facility, and up to $50 million as a letter of credit facility, as a sublimit of the 
Revolving Facility. 

The Term Loan Facility must has an amortization feature equal to 1% of the original $700 million balance paid in 
equal quarterly installments commencing on January 1, 2020 and continuing on the first day of each consecutive 

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April, July, October and January thereafter. To the extent not previously paid, all then-outstanding amounts under 
the Term Loan Facility are due and payable on the maturity date of the Term Loan Facility, which is September 26, 
2026. Borrowings under the Revolving Facility are available beginning on the Closing Date and, to the extent not 
previously paid, all then-outstanding amounts under the Revolving Facility are due and payable on the maturity date 
of the Revolving Facility, which is September 29, 2024. 

The Senior Secured Credit Facility includes customary representations, warranties, covenants and events of default. 

At the option of the Company, borrowings under the Term Loan Facility and under the Revolving Facility (subject 
to certain limitations) bear interest at either a base rate (as determined pursuant to the Senior Secured Credit 
Facility) or at a Eurocurrency Rate, based on LIBOR (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility), plus the 
applicable margin as set forth therein from time to time. In the case of the Revolving Facility, the applicable margin 
is based on the Company’s consolidated senior secured net leverage ratio (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit 
Facility). All borrowings under the Term Loan Facility used to finance the Merger Consideration as described above 
initially bear interest at a Eurocurrency Rate (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility). 

The Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement have been secured by granting a first priority lien on 
substantially all of the Company’s assets (subject to certain exceptions and limitations), and each of StormTech, 
LLC, Advanced Drainage of Ohio, Inc. and Infiltrator Water Technologies, LLC (collectively the “Guarantors”) has 
agreed to guarantee the obligations of the Company under the Senior Secured Credit Facility and to secure the 
obligations thereunder by granting a first priority lien in substantially all of such Guarantor’s assets (subject to 
certain exceptions and limitations). 

The Senior Secured Credit Facility requires, if the aggregate amount of outstanding exposure under the Revolving 
Facility exceeds $122.5 million at the end of any fiscal quarter, the Company to maintain a consolidated senior 
secured net leverage ratio (commencing with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2020) not to exceed 4.25 to 1.00 
for any four consecutive fiscal quarter periods. 

The Senior Secured Credit Facility also includes other covenants, including negative covenants that, subject to 
certain exceptions, limit the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit 
Facility) ability to, among other things: (i) incur additional debt, including guarantees; (ii) create liens upon any of 
their property; (iii) enter into any merger, consolidation or amalgamation, liquidate, wind up or dissolve, or dispose 
of all or substantially all of their property or business; (iv) dispose of assets; (v) pay subordinated debt; (vi) make 
certain investments; (vii) enter into swap agreements; (viii) engage in transactions with affiliates; (ix) engage in new 
lines of business; (x) modify certain material contractual obligations, organizational documents, accounting policies 
or fiscal year; or (xi) create or permit restrictions on the ability of any subsidiary of any Loan Party (as defined in 
the Senior Secured Credit Facility) to pay dividends or make distributions to the Company or any of its subsidiaries. 

The Senior Secured Credit Facility also contains customary provisions requiring the following mandatory 
prepayments (subject to certain exceptions and limitations): (i) annual prepayments (beginning with the fiscal year 
ending March 31, 2021) with a percentage of excess cash flow (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility); (ii) 
100% of the net cash proceeds from any non-ordinary course sale of assets and certain casualty or condemnation 
events; and (iii) 100% of the net cash proceeds of indebtedness not permitted to be incurred under the Senior 
Secured Credit Facility. 

Issuance of Senior Notes due 2027 - On September 23, 2019, the Company issued $350.0 million aggregate 
principal amount of its Senior Notes, pursuant to the Indenture among the Company, the Guarantors and the Trustee. 
The Senior Notes are guaranteed by each of the Company’s present and future direct and indirect wholly owned 
domestic subsidiaries that is a guarantor under the Company's Senior Secured Credit Facility. The Senior Notes 
were offered and sold either to persons reasonably believed to be “qualified institutional buyers” pursuant to Rule 
144A under the Securities Act or to persons outside the United States under Regulation S of the Securities Act. 

Interest on the Senior Notes will be payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on March 31 and September 30 of each 
year, commencing on March 31, 2020, at a rate of 5.000% per annum. The Senior Notes will mature on September 

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30, 2027. The Company used the majority of the net proceeds from the offering of the Senior Notes for the 
repayment of $300.0 million of its outstanding borrowings under the Company’s Bridge Credit Facility. 

The Company may redeem the Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after September 30, 2022 at 
established redemption prices. At any time prior to September 30, 2022, the Company may also redeem up to 40% 
of the Senior Notes with net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 105.000% of the 
principal amount of the Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the 
redemption date. In addition, at any time prior to September 30, 2022, the Company may redeem the Senior Notes, 
in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes to be redeemed, 
plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date plus an applicable “make-whole” 
premium. 

The Indenture contains customary events of default, including, among other things, payment default, failure to 
comply with covenants or agreements contained in the Indenture or the Senior Notes and certain provisions related 
to bankruptcy events. The Indenture also contains customary negative covenants. 

 Covenant Compliance 

The Senior Secured Credit Facility requires, if the aggregate amount of outstanding exposure under the 
Revolving Facility exceeds $122.5 million at the end of any fiscal quarter, the Company to maintain a consolidated 
senior secured net leverage ratio (commencing with the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2020) not to exceed 4.25 to 
1.00 for any four consecutive fiscal quarter periods. 

The Senior Secured Credit Facility also includes other covenants, including negative covenants that, subject to 

certain exceptions, limit the Company’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ (as defined in the Credit Agreement) ability 
to, among other things: (i) incur additional debt, including guarantees; (ii) create liens upon any of their property; 
(iii) enter into any merger, consolidation or amalgamation, liquidate, wind up or dissolve, or dispose of all or 
substantially all of their property or business; (iv) dispose of assets; (v) pay subordinated debt; (vi) make certain 
investments; (vii) enter into swap agreements; (viii) engage in transactions with affiliates; (ix) engage in new lines 
of business; (x) modify certain material contractual obligations, organizational documents, accounting policies or 
fiscal year; or (xi) create or permit restrictions on the ability of any subsidiary of any Loan Party (as defined in the 
Senior Secured Credit Facility) to pay dividends or make distributions to the Company or any of its subsidiaries. 

The Senior Secured Credit Facility also contains customary provisions requiring the following mandatory 

prepayments (subject to certain exceptions and limitations): (i) annual prepayments (beginning with the fiscal year 
ending March 31, 2021) with a percentage of excess cash flow (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility); (ii) 
100% of the net cash proceeds from any non-ordinary course sale of assets and certain casualty or condemnation 
events; and (iii) 100% of the net cash proceeds of indebtedness not permitted to be incurred under the Senior 
Secured Credit Facility. 

For further information, see “Note 13. Debt” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We were in 

compliance with our debt covenants as of March 31, 2020. 

Contractual Obligations as of March 31, 2020 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Contractual obligations: 
Long-term debt (1) 
Interest payments (2) 
Operating leases 
Finance leases 
Total 

Payments Due by Period 

Total 

Less than 
1 Year 

     1-3 Years       3-5 Years      

More than 
5 Years 

  $ 1,099,742     $ 
     301,675        45,931        91,000        88,128       
28,951       
4,809       
73,965        23,492        32,660        13,091       

7,955     $  14,532     $  114,000     $  963,255   
76,616   
6,075   
4,722   
  $ 1,504,333     $  85,889     $  147,748     $  220,028     $ 1,050,668   

8,511       

9,556       

(1)  The Secured Bank Loans mature in June 2027. 

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(2)  Based on applicable rates and pricing margins as of March 31, 2020. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, with the exception of the guarantee of 50% of certain 

debt of our unconsolidated South American Joint Venture, as further discussed in “Note 12. Related Party 
Transactions” of our Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and 
Supplementary Data,” of this Form 10-K. Our maximum potential obligation under this guarantee totals $11 million 
as of March 31, 2020. The maximum borrowing permitted under the South American Joint Venture’s credit facility 
is $22 million. As of March 31, 2020, our South American Joint Venture had approximately $9.3 million of 
outstanding debt subject to our guarantee, resulting in our guarantee of 50%, or $4.7 million, of that amount. We do 
not believe that this guarantee will have a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, 
liquidity, or capital resources. 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates 

Our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated 
financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of the consolidated 
financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts in our 
consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. 

Certain of our accounting policies involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity in their application, 

and therefore, represent the critical accounting policies used in the preparation of our financial statements. If 
different assumptions or conditions were to prevail, the results could be materially different from our reported 
results. We believe the following accounting policies may involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity in 
their application and represent the critical accounting policies used in the preparation of our financial statements. For 
additional discussion of our significant accounting policies, see “Note 1. Background and Summary of Significant 
Accounting Policies” to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and 
Supplementary Data” included in this Form 10-K. 

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Policy 
Goodwill- Goodwill is reviewed 
annually for impairment as of 
March 31 or whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate 
the carrying value may not be 
recoverable. The fair value of 
goodwill is determined by 
considering both the income and 
market approach.  

Effect if Actual Results Differ 
from Assumptions 
We performed our annual 
impairment test for goodwill as of 
March 31, 2020. We performed the 
test for all reporting units with 
goodwill, which include our 
Domestic pipe reporting unit, the 
International reporting units, the 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
reporting unit, and the various Allied 
Product reporting units. 

Based on our analysis, the estimated 
fair value of each reporting unit 
exceeded its carrying value. Based 
on our analysis, the estimated fair 
value of each reporting unit 
exceeded its carrying value. 
However, the estimated fair value 
exceeded the carrying value by less 
than 20% for two of our reporting 
units, Infiltrator Water Technologies 
and Canada, which had goodwill 
balances of $495.8 million and $9.9 
million, respectively, at March 31, 
2020. We utilized a discount rate of 
14%, in determining the discounted 
cash flows in our fair value analysis 
and a long-term growth rate of 3.0% 
and 2.0%, respectively. If our 
discount rate were to increase by 
150 basis points, the fair value of 
these reporting units would fall 
below carrying value, which would 
indicate impairment of the goodwill. 

In addition, these discounted cash 
flow analyses are dependent upon 
achieving forecasted levels of net 
sales and profitability. If 
performance were to fall below 
forecasted levels, or if market 
conditions were to decline in a 
material or sustained manner, 
impairment would be indicated at 
these reporting units, and potentially 
at our other reporting units. 
Management forecasts considered 
the impact of COVID-19 on net 
sales and profitability, but, if we see 
worse than expected impacts from 
COVID-19 that will likely have a 
negative impact on our forecasted 
revenue and profitability and this, 

Judgments and Estimates 
Determining the fair value of a 
reporting unit is judgmental in 
nature and involves the use of 
significant estimates and 
assumptions. 

•  Reporting units - As a 

result of the Acquisition of 
Infiltrator Water 
Technologies, we revised 
our reportable segments 
and allocated the goodwill 
balance of $92.5 million 
recorded on the former 
Domestic reportable 
segment to our revised 
reporting units based on the 
relative fair value.  Our 
Pipe reporting unit was 
allocated approximately 
$57.7 million of goodwill 
from our former Domestic 
reporting unit.  No other 
reporting unit was allocated 
more than $10 million of 
goodwill. 

•  These estimates and 
assumptions include 
revenue growth rates and 
EBITDA used to calculate 
projected future cash flows, 
risk-adjusted discount rates, 
future economic and market 
conditions, and 
determination of 
appropriate market 
comparables. 
 The fair value estimates 
are based on assumptions 
management believes to be 
reasonable, but are 
inherently uncertain. 

• 

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Policy 

Judgments and Estimates 

Effect if Actual Results Differ 
from Assumptions 
along with the decline in our stock 
price and other market conditions, 
could result in an indication of 
impairment of goodwill in fiscal 
2021. 

Determining the fair value of the 
definite-lived and indefinite-lived 
intangible assets is judgmental in 
nature and involves the use of 
significant estimates and 
assumptions. Future events and 
unanticipated changes to 
assumptions could require a 
provision for impairment in a future 
period. 

We did not record any impairment 
charges for definite-lived intangible 
assets in fiscal 2020, 2019, or 2018. 
Due to the expected retirement of 
the “Hancor” trademark in fiscal 
2021, we accelerated the 
amortization of our “Hancor” 
trademark recording additional 
amortization expense of $4.4 
million. 

We performed our annual 
impairment test for indefinite-lived 
intangible assets as of March 31, 
2020. We determined for our 
indefinite-lived intangible assets that 
the fair value of the assets exceeded 
its carrying value. Accordingly, we 
did not incur any impairment 
charges for indefinite-lived 
intangible assets in fiscal 2020, 2019 
or 2018. Future events and 
unanticipated changes to 
assumptions could require a 
provision for impairment in a future 
period. 

Definite-lived intangible assets-
Definite-lived intangible assets are 
tested for recoverability whenever 
events or changes in circumstances 
indicate that carrying amounts of the 
asset group may not be recoverable. 
Asset groups are established 
primarily by determining the lowest 
level of cash flows available. If the 
estimated undiscounted future cash 
flows are less than the carrying 
amounts of such assets, an 
impairment loss is recognized to the 
extent the fair value of the asset less 
any costs of disposition is less than 
the carrying amount of the asset.  

Indefinite-lived intangible assets-
Indefinite-lived intangible assets are 
tested for impairment annually as of 
March 31 or whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate 
the carrying value may be greater 
than fair value. Determining the fair 
value of these assets is judgmental in 
nature and involves the use of 
significant estimates and 
assumptions. We base our fair value 
estimates on assumptions we believe 
to be reasonable, but that are 
inherently uncertain. To estimate the 
fair value of these indefinite-lived 
intangible assets, we use an income 
approach, which utilizes a market 
derived rate of return to discount 
anticipated performance. An 
impairment loss is recognized when 
the estimated fair value of the 
intangible asset is less than the 
carrying value. 

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Policy 
Revenue Recognition- We generate 
revenue by selling pipe and related 
water management products 
primarily to distributors, retailers, 
buying groups and co-operative 
buying groups. Products are shipped 
predominately by our internal fleet, 
and we do not provide any 
additional revenue generating 
services after product delivery. 
Payment terms and conditions vary 
by contract. 

Revenue is recognized at the point 
in-time obligations under the terms 
of a contract with a customer are 
satisfied, which generally occurs 
upon the transfer of control of the 
promised goods. In substantially all 
of our contracts with customers, 
control is transferred to the customer 
upon delivery. We recognize 
revenue in an amount that reflects 
the consideration we expect to be 
entitled to in exchange for those 
goods or services. 

Employee Stock Ownership Plan 
(“ESOP”)- When shares of 
convertible preferred stock are 
allocated to the ESOP stock 
accounts of ESOP participants, we 
reduce the amount of deferred 
compensation reflected in Deferred 
compensation — unearned ESOP 
shares in mezzanine equity.   

Judgments and Estimates 
We estimate and allocate variable 
consideration, such as right of 
return, credits or incentives, based 
on numerous factors, including the 
customer agreements and past 
transaction history. 

Effect if Actual Results Differ 
from Assumptions 
If our historical experience differs 
from future experience, our 
estimates of variable consideration 
could differ. 

Shares of convertible preferred stock 
are valued based on an annual 
valuation for the ESOP by an 
independent third-party appraisal 
firm as required by the Plan. 

As the value of the shares increase 
or decrease, it could result in a 
significant increase or decrease in 
compensation expense.  

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Policy 
Stock-Based Compensation Plan-
Equity-classified awards are 
measured based on the grant-date 
estimated fair value of each award, 
net of estimated forfeitures, at each 
relevant reporting date for 
accounting purposes. Compensation 
expense is recognized on a straight-
line basis over the employee’s 
requisite service period, which is 
generally the vesting period of the 
grant. 

Effect if Actual Results Differ 
from Assumptions 
All current stock-based awards 
qualify for equity classification. 
Changes in the assumptions utilized 
to determine the fair value could 
cause fluctuations in the stock-based 
compensation expense for future 
grants. 

Performance-Based Restricted 
Stock Units 

As the Company forecasts the 
performance metrics to target over 
the vesting term, changes in forecast 
could cause fluctuations in the stock-
based compensation expense. 

Judgments and Estimates 
The fair value of each stock option 
granted is estimated using the Black-
Scholes option pricing model. 
Determining the fair value of stock 
options under the Black-Scholes 
option-pricing model requires 
judgment, common stock volatility, 
expected term of the awards, 
dividend yield and the risk-free 
interest rate. The assumptions used in 
calculating the fair value of stock 
options represent our best estimates, 
based on management’s judgment 
and subjective future expectations. 
These estimates involve inherent 
uncertainties. We developed our 
assumptions the following: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

Volatility.  
Expected term.  
Risk-free interest rate. 
Dividend yield.  

The Company also issues 
performance-based restricted stock 
units that vest over a term based on 
the achievement of targets defined in 
the award. The Company estimates 
the amount of units that will vest by 
forecasting the various performance 
metrics.    

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Policy 
Business Combinations – 
Acquisitions, such as the acquisition 
of Infiltrator Water Technologies, 
are accounted for in accordance with 
ASC 805, Business Combinations. 
We recognize separately from 
goodwill the assets acquired and the 
liabilities assumed, at their 
acquisition date fair values and 
goodwill is defined as the excess of 
consideration transferred over the 
net of the acquisition date fair values 
of the assets acquired and the 
liabilities assumed. 

During the measurement period, 
which may take up to one year from 
the acquisition date, adjustments due 
to changes in the estimated fair 
value of assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed may be recorded 
as adjustments to the consideration 
transferred and related allocations. 
Upon the conclusion of the 
measurement period or the final 
determination of the values of assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed, 
whichever comes first, any such 
adjustments are charged to the 
consolidated statements of 
operations. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

Judgments and Estimates 
Fair values allocated to assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed in 
business combinations require 
management to make significant 
judgments, estimates, and 
assumptions, especially with respect 
to intangible assets. Management 
makes estimates of fair values based 
upon assumptions it believes to be 
reasonable. These estimates are 
based upon historical experience, 
information obtained from the 
management of the acquired 
company, comparable transactions, 
and market and industry 
considerations and these estimates 
are inherently uncertain. The 
estimated fair values related to 
intangible assets primarily consist of 
customer relationships, patents and 
developed technology, and 
tradenames and trademarks. 
Estimates in the discounted cash 
flow models include, but are not 
limited to, certain assumptions that 
form the basis of the forecasted 
results (e.g. revenue growth rates, 
discount rate, royalty, customer 
attrition rates and EBITDA). 

Effect if Actual Results Differ 
from Assumptions 
These significant assumptions are 
forward looking and could be 
affected by future economic and 
market conditions.  
Customer Relationships - In addition 
to revenue growth rates, EBITDA 
and discount rate, a key input for 
customer relationships is the 
customer attrition rate. A higher than 
expected customer attrition rate 
could result in an impairment 
charge. 

Developed Technology – In addition 
to revenue growth rates, discount 
rate, royalty rate and an 
obsolescence factor, the timing of 
obsolescence of the acquired 
technology could result in a shorter 
useful life than originally 
determined and an acceleration of 
amortization expense. 

Tradenames and Trademarks - The 
most significant driver is revenue 
growth rates, discount rate and 
royalty rate. If revenue growth rates 
are lower than expected, it could 
result in an impairment charge. 

For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements, see “Note 1. Background and Summary of Significant 

Accounting Policies” to our consolidated financial statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and 
Supplementary Data.” 

Item 7A. 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 

We are subject to various market risks, primarily related to changes in interest rates, credit risk, raw material 

supply prices, and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency exchange rates. Our financial position, results of operations or 
cash flows may be negatively impacted in the event of adverse movements in the respective market rates or prices in 
each of these risk categories. Our exposure in each category is limited to those risks that arise in the normal course 
of business, as we do not engage in speculative, non-operating transactions. 

Interest Rate Risk 

We are subject to interest rate risk associated with our bank debt. Changes in interest rates impact the fair 
value of our fixed-rate debt, but there is no impact to earnings and cash flow. Alternatively, changes in interest rates 
do not affect the fair value of our variable-rate debt, but they do affect future earnings and cash flow. The Revolving 
Credit Facility and the Term Note, notes bear variable interest rates. The Revolving Credit Facility and Term Note 
bear interest either at LIBOR or the Prime Rate, at our option, plus applicable pricing margins. A 1.0% increase in 
interest rates on our variable-rate debt would increase our annual forecasted interest expense by approximately 

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$7.4 million based on our borrowings as of March 31, 2020. Assuming the Revolving Credit Facility is fully drawn, 
each 1.0% increase or decrease in the applicable interest rate would change our interest expense by approximately 
$9.9 million, for the year ended March 31, 2020.  

Credit Risk 

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of 

accounts receivable. We provide our products to customers based on an evaluation of the customers’ financial 
condition, generally without requiring collateral. Exposure to losses on receivables is principally dependent on each 
customer’s financial condition. We monitor the exposure for credit losses and maintain allowances for anticipated 
losses. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to our accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of 
customers comprising our customer base and their dispersion among many different geographies and end markets. 
One customer has an accounts receivable balance equal to approximately 20% of our Receivables balance as of 
March 31, 2020. 

Raw Material and Commodity Price Risk 

Our primary raw materials used in the production of our products are HDPE and PP resins. As these resins are 

hydrocarbon-based materials, changes in the price of feedstocks, such as crude oil derivatives and natural gas 
liquids, as well as changes in the market supply and demand may cause the cost of these resins to fluctuate 
significantly. Raw materials account for the majority of our cost of goods sold. Given the significance of these costs 
and the inherent volatility in supplier pricing, our ability to reflect these changes in the cost of resins in our product 
selling prices in an efficient manner contributes to the management of our overall risk and the potential impact on 
our results of operations. A 1% increase in the price of resin would increase our cost of goods sold by approximately 
$4 million. 

We have a resin price risk management program with physical fixed price contracts which are designed to 
apply to a significant portion of our annual virgin resin purchases. We also maintain supply agreements with our 
major resin suppliers that provide multi-year terms and volumes that are in excess of our projected consumption. 
These supply agreements generally do not contain minimum purchase volumes or fixed prices. Accordingly, our 
suppliers may change their selling prices or other relevant terms on a monthly basis, exposing us to pricing risk. 

Inflation Risk 

Our cost of goods sold is subject to inflationary pressures and price fluctuations of the raw materials we use, 

primarily HDPE and PP resins. Historically, we have generally been able, over time, to recover the effects of 
inflation and price fluctuations through sales price increases and production efficiencies related to technological 
enhancements and improvements. However, we cannot reasonably estimate our ability to successfully recover any 
price increases. 

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk 

We have operations in countries outside of the United States, which primarily use the respective local foreign 

currency as their functional currency. Each of these operations may enter into contractual arrangements with 
customers or vendors that are denominated in currencies other than its respective functional currency. Consequently, 
our results of operations may be affected by exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and economic 
conditions in the regions in which we sell or distribute our products. Exposure to variability in foreign currency 
exchange rates from these transactions is managed, to the extent possible, by natural hedges which result from 
purchases and sales occurring in the same foreign currency within a similar period of time, thereby offsetting each 
other to varying degrees. 

In addition to the foreign currency transaction-related gains and losses that are reflected within the results of 

operations, we are subject to foreign currency translation risk, as the financial statements for our foreign subsidiaries 
are measured and recorded in the respective subsidiary’s functional currency and translated into U.S. dollars for 
consolidated financial reporting purposes. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded net of tax impact in the 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Item 8. 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 

The Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Consolidated Financial Statements and 
supplementary financial data required for this Item are set forth on pages F-1 through F-57 of this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K and are incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 9. 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountant on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 

None. 

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures  

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures  

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer 

and our Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined 
in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as 
of March 31, 2020. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be 
disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and 
reported, within the time periods specified under Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and forms. 
Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide 
only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in 
evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. 

Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief 
Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 31, 2020 
because of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, as further described below. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as 
such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f).   

Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, assessed the 
effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020. In making this assessment, 
management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(“COSO”) in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013). A material weakness in internal controls is a 
deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a 
reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be 
prevented or detected on a timely basis. Due to its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may 
not prevent or detect all misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are 
subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company did not maintain effective internal 

control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020, due to the fact that the material weakness in the control 
environment of our consolidated joint venture affiliate, ADS Mexicana, as previously identified in our Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, had not been remediated. This material weakness 
was a result of the Company’s findings as part of its internal investigation conducted in fiscal year 2019 into ADS 
Mexicana’s senior management’s ethical and business conduct, including compliance of certain products with 
Mexican laws and regulations. We continue the process to remediate the underlying causes of the material weakness 
as further described below. Accordingly this previously identified material weakness cannot be considered 
remediated until the necessary controls have operated for a sufficient period of time and until management has 
concluded, through testing, that the control is operating effectively. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

We have excluded from the scope of our assessment of internal control over financial reporting the operations 

and related assets of Infiltrator Water Technologies (“IWT”) which we acquired on July 31, 2019. At March 31, 
2020 and for the period from acquisition through March 31, 2020, total assets, total revenues, and net loss subject to 
IWT’s internal control over financial reporting represented 31%, 10%, and (5%) of consolidated total assets, total 
revenues, and net loss, respectively of ADS as of and for the year ended March 31, 2020. 

Deloitte & Touche LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an audit report on the 

effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020 and this report is included herein. 

Ongoing Remediation Process 

We continue the process to remediate the underlying causes of the material weakness in the control 

environment at ADS Mexicana. In fiscal year 2020 ADS Mexicana hired a new general manager and controller, as 
well as a manager of financial reporting and compliance. The manager of financial reporting and compliance reports 
to ADS finance personnel. Responsibilities within ADS Mexicana have been segregated among senior management 
individuals responsible for sales; quality and product development; and manufacturing. Supplement training on ADS 
Mexicana’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics has been provided to ADS Mexicana personnel and additional 
training has been provided to ADS Mexicana personnel who provide oversight of claims submitted to the Ethics 
Hotline. We have leveraged new technology recently implemented at ADS Mexicana that we believe has 
strengthened controls and allows for further oversight by ADS, Inc. The hiring of additional ADS Mexicana 
personnel as described above occurred during fiscal year 2020, and will necessitate additional time in order for such 
personnel to positively impact the control environment, improve process and execute controls for a sufficient period 
of time such that the operating effectiveness of those changes can be demonstrated through testing. 

The material weaknesses did not result in a material misstatement in the financial statements included in our 

Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2020 or previously issued financial statements. 

We believe the foregoing efforts will effectively remediate the material weakness described above. As we 

continue to evaluate and work to improve our internal control over financial reporting, we may take additional 
measures to address this control deficiency or modify the remediation plan described above. We cannot assure you, 
however, when we will remediate such weakness, nor can we be certain of whether additional actions will be 
required. See above under Item 1A, “Risk Factors — Our failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and 
internal control over financial reporting could adversely affect our business, financial position and results of 
operations.” 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting  

As of March 31, 2020, management is in the process of evaluating and integrating the internal controls of the 
acquired IWT business into the Company's existing operations. Other than the controls enhanced or implemented to 
integrate the IWT business, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in 
management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the quarter ended 
March 31, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over 
financial reporting. 

Item 9B. 

Other Information 

None. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

PART III 

Item 10. 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 

The information contained under the captions “EXECUTIVE OFFICERS”, “ELECTION OF 
DIRECTORS” and “OTHER DIRECTOR INFORMATION, COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS AND 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INFORMATION” in our definitive Proxy Statement for the 2020 Annual 
Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act 
(the “Proxy Statement”), is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 11. 

Executive Compensation 

The information contained under the captions “COMPENSATION OF MANAGEMENT,” “OTHER 
DIRECTOR INFORMATION, COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
INFORMATION”, “REPORT OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE” and “COMPENSATION 
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS" in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. Notwithstanding the 
foregoing, the information contained in the Proxy Statement under the caption “REPORT OF THE 
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE” shall be deemed furnished, and not filed, in this Report on Form 10-K and 
shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing we make under the Securities Act of 1933, as 
amended, or the Exchange Act. 

Item 12. 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters 

The information contained under the caption “SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL 

OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT” and "EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION" in the Proxy 
Statement is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 13. 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 

The information contained under the captions “CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED 
TRANSACTIONS” and “OTHER DIRECTOR INFORMATION, COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS AND 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE INFORMATION” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 14. 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services 

The information contained under the caption “AUDIT AND OTHER SERVICE FEES” in the Proxy 

Statement is incorporated herein by reference. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Item 15. 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 

(a)1.  Financial Statements. See “Table of Contents” on page F-1. 

PART IV 

(a)2.  Financial Statement Schedules. Schedule II — Consolidated Valuation and Qualifying Accounts. 

Other schedules are omitted because they are not required or applicable, or the required information is 

included in our consolidated financial statements or related notes. 

(a)3. 

Exhibits. See “Index to Exhibits.” 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Exhibit 
Number 

2.1 

3.1 

3.2 

4.1 

4.2 

4.3 

4.4 

4.5 

4.6 

10.1 

10.1A 

INDEX TO EXHIBITS 

Description 

 Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 31, 2019, among Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., 
ADS Ocean Merger Sub, Inc., Infiltrator Water Technologies Ultimate Holdings, Inc. and 2461461 
Ontario Limited, an Ontario corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant's 
Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on August 1, 2019). 

 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 30, 2014). 

 Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 30, 2014). 

 Form of Preferred Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment No. 5 to 
the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission on July 14, 2014). 

 Form of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Amendment No. 5 to 
the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission on July 14, 2014). 

 Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 30, 2014, by and among Advanced Drainage Systems, 
Inc. and the stockholders from time to time party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission on July 30, 2014). 

 Description of Registrant's Securities.# 

 Indenture, dated September 23, 2019, among Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., each of the guarantors 
party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 
to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission on September 23, 2019).  

 Form of 5.000% Senior Notes due 2027 (included with Indenture, dated September 23, 2019, among 
Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., each of the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National 
Association, as trustee) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 23, 
2019). 

 Credit Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2019, by and among Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., 
Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent, the several lenders from time to time party thereto, 
Barclays Bank PLC and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., as joint lead arrangers, joint 
bookrunners, syndication agents and documentation agents (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 
to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission on August 1, 2019).  

 First Amendment to Credit Agreement, by and among the Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc., the banks 
and other financial institutions or entities parties thereto, constituting all the Lenders under the Credit 
Agreement, the Issuing Lenders party thereto and Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 
001-36557) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 30, 2019). 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Exhibit 
Number 

10.2 

10.3† 

10.4† 

Description 

 Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. Guarantee and Collateral Agreement (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission on August 1, 2019).  

 Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. Non-Employee Director Compensation Plan (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Amendment No. 4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-
1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2014). 

 Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. Amended 2000 Incentive Stock Option Plan (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.9 to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 
(File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2014). 

10.4A† 

 First Amendment to Amended 2000 Incentive Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2014). 

10.5† 

 Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 2008 Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.10 to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 
(File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2014). 

10.5A† 

 First Amendment to the 2008 Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 
8-K filed February 10, 2017).  

10.6† 

 Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 2013 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 
to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2014). 

10.6A† 

 First Amendment to 2013 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36557) filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on August 15, 2014). 

10.6B† 

 Form of Amendment to Pre-2017 Stock Option Agreements (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.11B of Form 10-K filed May 10, 2017). 

10.6C† 

 Form of Amendment to Pre-2017 Stock Option Agreements (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.11B of Form 10-K filed May 10, 2017). 

10.7† 

10.8† 

10.8A† 

10.8B† 

10.9† 

 Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of September 1, 2017, by and between Advanced 
Drainage Systems, Inc. and D. Scott Barbour (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Form 8-K 
filed August 17, 2017). 

 Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2014, by and between 
Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. and Joseph A. Chlapaty (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 
to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2014). 

 First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, by and between the 
Company and Joseph A. Chlapaty (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed 
February 10, 2017). 

 Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, by and between the 
Company and Joseph A. Chlapaty (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K filed August 
17, 2017). 

 Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2014, by and between 
Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. and Thomas M. Fussner (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 
to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2014). 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Exhibit 
Number 

10.9A 

10.10† 

10.11† 

10.12† 

10.10† 

Description 

 First Amendment to Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement by and between the 
Company and Thomas M. Fussner (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on 
Form 8-K, File No. 001-36557, filed on March 21, 2018).  

 Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2014, by and between 
Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. and Ronald R. Vitarelli (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 
to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2014). 

 Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2014, by and between 
Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. and Robert M. Klein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to 
Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2014). 

 Form of Indemnification Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Amendment No. 2 to 
the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission on June 6, 2014). 

 Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement pursuant to 2000 Incentive Stock Option Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration 
Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 
June 20, 2014). 

10.10A† 

 Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement (post-IPO) pursuant to 2000 Incentive Stock Option Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18A to Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2015 filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2016). 

10.14† 

10.14A† 

10.15† 

10.15A† 

10.16† 

10.17 

 Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (other than for Joseph A. Chlapaty) pursuant to 2013 
Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on June 20, 2014).  

 Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (for Joseph A. Chlapaty) pursuant to 2013 Stock 
Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19A to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on June 20, 2014).  

 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (other than for Joseph A. Chlapaty) pursuant to 2008 Restricted 
Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on June 20, 2014).  

 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (for Joseph A. Chlapaty) pursuant to 2008 Restricted Stock Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20A to Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration 
Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 
June 20, 2014). 

 Form of Director Stock Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to Amendment No. 4 to 
the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission on July 2, 2014). 

 Participation Agreement, dated as of July 17, 2000, by and between ADS Worldwide, Inc., Grupo 
Altima S.A. de C.V., and ADS Mexicana, S.A. de C.V. (formerly known as Sistemas Ecologicos de 
Drenaje, S.A. de C.V.), as amended on April 19, 2010, May 19, 2011, May 24, 2011, April 26, 2013 
and January 31, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to Amendment No. 2 to the 
Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission on June 6, 2014). 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Exhibit 
Number 

10.18 

Description 

 Interestholders Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2009, by and among Tubos y Plasticos ADS Chile 
Limitada, Tigre Chile S.A., and Tuberias T-A Limitada, joined by Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 
and Tigre S.A. — Tubos e Conexoes, as amended on July 31, 2009, October 2009, December 15, 
2009, May 18, 2010, August 10, 2010, April 1, 2011 and January 25, 2012, with First Addendum to 
Interestholders Agreement, dated as of June 27, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to 
Amendment No. 3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-194980) filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 20, 2014). 

10.18A 

 Second Addendum to Interestholders Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2013 but entered into on 
September 30, 2014, by and among Tubos y Plasticos ADS Chile Limitada, Tigre Chile S.A., Tuberias 
Tigre-ADS Limitada, Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. and Tigre S.A. — Tubos e Conexoes 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File 
No. 001-36557) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 10, 2014). 

10.19† 

 Executive Employment Agreement dated November 9, 2015, by and between the Company and 
Scott A. Cottrill (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed November 9, 2015). 

10.20† 

10.21† 

10.22 

10.23 

10.24 

10.25 

10.26 

10.27 

10.28 

10.29 

 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (for Joseph A. Chlapaty) pursuant to 2008 Restricted Stock Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Form 8-K filed February 10, 2017). 

 Form of Restricted Stock Agreement (other than for Joseph A. Chlapaty) pursuant to 2008 Restricted 
Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Form 8-K filed February 10, 2017). 

 Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement pursuant to 2013 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Form 8-K filed February 10, 2017). 

 Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, File No. 001-36557, filed on September 8, 2017). 

 Form of Restricted Stock Award Notice and Award Agreement pursuant to 2017 Omnibus Incentive 
Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, File No. 001-
36557, filed on September 8, 2017).  

 Form of Notice of Grant of Stock Options and Stock Option Award Agreement pursuant to 2017 
Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, 
File No. 001-36557, filed on September 8, 2017). 

 Form of Director Restricted Stock Award Notice and Award Agreement pursuant to 2017 Omnibus 
Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, File 
No. 001-36557, filed on November 6, 2017).  

 Form of Performance Unit Award Agreement pursuant to 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K, filed on May 30, 2018).  

 Confidentiality Agreement by and between the Company and Joseph A. Chlapaty (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, File No. 001-36557, filed on August 17, 
2017).  

 Consulting Agreement by and between the Company and Thomas M. Fussner (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, File No. 001-36557, filed on March 21, 
2018).  

10.30† 

 Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of November 10, 2016, by and between Advanced 
Drainage Systems, Inc. and Kevin C. Talley. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Exhibit 
Number 

10.31† 

10.32† 

Description 

 Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, effective as of May 27, 2015, by and between 
Infiltrator Water Technologies, LLC and Roy E. Moore, Jr. # 

 Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan, as amended May 30, 2019 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 
001-36557) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 1, 2019. 

21.1 

 List of Subsidiaries. #  

23.1 

 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP. # 

24.1 

 Power of Attorney. #  

31.1 

31.2 

32.1 

32.2 

 Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. pursuant to 
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. #  

 Certification of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Advanced Drainage Systems, 
Inc. pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. #  

 Certification of Principal Executive Officer of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 
Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. #  

 Certification of Principal Financial Officer of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 
Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. #  

101.INS 

 XBRL Instance Document. # 

101.SCH 

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema. # 

101.CAL 

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase. # 

101.DEF 

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase. # 

101.LAB 

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase. # 

101.PRE 

 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase. # 

104 

 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) 

†  Management contract or compensatory plan. 
# 

Filed herewith.  

Item 16.  

Form 10-K Summary 

None. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused 

this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. 
Date: June 1, 2020 

SIGNATURES 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. 
By: 
Name: 
Title: 

 /s/ D. Scott Barbour 
 D. Scott Barbour 
 President and Chief Executive Officer 
(Principal Executive Officer) 

By: 
Name: 
Title: 

/s/ Scott A. Cottrill 
 Scott A. Cottrill 
 Chief Financial Officer (Principal 
Financial Officer) 

By: 
Name: 
Title: 

/s/ Tim A. Makowski 
 Tim A. Makowski 
 Vice President, Controller and Chief 
Accounting Officer 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the 

following persons in their indicated capacities, on June 1, 2020. 
 Signature 
/s/ D. Scott Barbour 
D. Scott Barbour 

Title 

  Director, President and Chief Executive Officer 

(Principal Executive Officer) 

/s/ Scott A. Cottrill 
Scott A. Cottrill 

/s/ Tim A. Makowski 
Tim A. Makowski 

/s/ C. Robert Kidder** 
C. Robert Kidder 

/s/ Robert M. Eversole** 
Robert M. Eversole 

/s/ Michael B. Coleman ** 
Michael B. Coleman 

/s/ Alexander R. Fischer** 
Alexander R. Fischer 

/s/ Tanya Fratto** 
Tanya Fratto 

/s/ M.A. (Mark) Haney** 
M.A. (Mark) Haney 

/s/ Ross M. Jones** 
Ross M. Jones 

/s/ Carl A. Nelson, Jr.** 
Carl A. Nelson, Jr. 

/s/ Manuel J. Perez de la Mesa** 
Manuel J. Perez de la Mesa 

  Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer  

and Secretary (Principal Financial Officer) 

  Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer 
(Principal Accounting Officer) 

Chairman of the Board of Directors and Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

** The undersigned, by signing his name hereto, does hereby sign this report on behalf of each of the above-indicated directors of the registrant 
pursuant to powers of attorney executed by such directors. 

By: 

/s/ Scott A. Cottrill 
Scott A. Cottrill, Attorney-in-fact 

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Table of Contents 

Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

Audited Consolidated Financial Statements 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm .................................................................................   F-1 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2020 and 2019 ...............................................................................   F-6 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 .....................   F-7 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, 

and 2018 ............................................................................................................................................................   F-8 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 ...................   F-9 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) and Mezzanine Equity for the fiscal years ended 

March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 .......................................................................................................................   F-10 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ..........................................................................................................   F-16 

Schedule II, Consolidated Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 

2019, and 2018...................................................................................................................................................   F-61 

F-1 

 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc.  

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. and 
subsidiaries (the "Company") as of March 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, 
comprehensive income (loss), shareholders' equity (deficit) and mezzanine equity, and cash flows, for each of the 
three years in the period ended March 31, 2020, and the related notes and the financial statement schedules listed in 
the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements 
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2020 and 2019, and the 
results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended March 31, 2020, in 
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 1, 2020, expressed an adverse opinion on the 
Company's internal control over financial reporting because of material weakness. 

Change in Accounting Principle 

As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, effective April 1, 2019, the Company adopted FASB Accounting 
Standards Update (“ASU”), ASC 842 Leases, using the modified approach.  

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal 
securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the 
PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of 
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that 
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and 
disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. 
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matters 

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial 
statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to 
accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, 
subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion 
on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, 
providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate. 

F-1 

 
Table of Contents 

Acquisitions, Infiltrator Water Technologies, Customer Relationships Intangible— Refer to Note 4 to the 
financial statements 

Critical Audit Matter Description  

On July 31, 2019, the Company completed its Acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies (IWT) for cash 
consideration of $1,147.2 million.  The Company records acquisitions resulting in the consolidation of an enterprise 
using the acquisition method of accounting. Under this method, the Company allocated the fair value of purchase 
consideration transferred to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their 
estimated fair values on the date of acquisition, including customer relationships intangible asset of approximately 
$360.0 million. The fair value assigned is based on estimates and assumptions determined by management. 

We identified the valuation of the customer relationships intangible asset as a critical audit matter because of the 
significant assumptions made by management to determine the fair value for purposes of the preliminary purchase 
price allocation. Those assumptions included revenue growth rates and EBITDA (together, the “forecasts”), as well 
as discount and customer attrition rates. Our performance of audit procedures to evaluate these assumptions required 
a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of audit effort, including the need to involve our fair value 
specialists. 

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit 

Our audit procedures related to testing the assumptions identified above included the following, among others:    

•  We tested the operating effectiveness of management’s internal controls over revenue growth rates, 

EBITDA, and the selection of the discount and customer attrition rates.  

•  We assessed the reasonableness of management’s forecasts by comparing the forecasted information used 
to IWT’s historical results, peer company historical results and forecasts, industry historical results and 
forecasts, and internal communications to management and the board of directors.  

•  With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the following 

significant valuation assumptions:  

o  Customer attrition rate by assessing the underlying data used in determining the rate and testing 

the mathematical accuracy of the calculation. 

o  Discount rate by testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate 

and testing the mathematical accuracy of the calculation.  

Goodwill, Infiltrator Water Technologies Reporting Unit — Refer to Note 8 to the financial statements 

Critical Audit Matter Description  

The Company’s evaluation of goodwill for impairment involves comparing the carrying value of each reporting unit 
to the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. The Company’s determination of estimated fair value of the 
reporting unit is determined by considering both the market approach and the income approach. The determination 
of the estimated fair value requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to the 
valuation of the reporting unit. Changes in these assumptions could have a significant impact on either the fair value 
of the reporting unit, the amount of any goodwill impairment charge, or both. The Company’s consolidated goodwill 
balance was $597.8 million as of March 31, 2020, of which $495.8 million was allocated to the IWT reporting unit, 
which is the reporting unit that exhibits significant sensitivity to changes in estimates and assumptions given the 
limited cushion between the carrying value and estimated fair value. As of March 31, 2020, the estimated fair value 
of the IWT reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by less than 20%. 

We identified the valuation of goodwill for IWT as a critical audit matter because of the significant assumptions 
made by management to estimate its fair value. Those assumptions included revenue growth rates, EBITDA, and the 
selection of the discount rate. Our performance of audit procedures to evaluate the assumptions required a high 
degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of audit effort, including the need to involve our fair value 
specialists. 

F-2 

Table of Contents 

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit 

Our audit procedures related to testing the fair value of the IWT reporting unit focused on revenue growth rates, 
EBITDA, and the selection of the discount rate and included the following procedures, among others:    

•  We tested the operating effectiveness of management’s internal controls over revenue growth rates, 

EBITDA, and the selection of the discount rate.   

•  We assessed the reasonableness of management’s forecasts by comparing the forecasted information used 
to IWT’s historical results, peer company historical results and forecasts, industry historical results and 
forecasts, and internal communications to management and the board of directors. 

•  With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the following 

significant valuation assumptions: 

o  The discount rate, by testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount 

rate and testing the mathematical accuracy of the calculation. 

o  The long-term revenue growth rate in the terminal period through industry and macroeconomic 

benchmarking. 

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP 

Columbus, Ohio 
June 1, 2020     

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2002. 

F-3 

 
 
Table of Contents 

 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc.  

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc.  and subsidiaries 
(the “Company”) as of March 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework 
(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, 
because of the effect of the material weakness identified below on the achievement of the objectives of the control 
criteria, the Company has not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2020, 
based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. 

As described in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management excluded from its 
assessment the internal control over financial reporting at Infiltrator Water Technologies Ultimate Holdings, Inc. 
and subsidiaries, which was acquired on July 31, 2019, and whose financial statements constitute 31% of total 
assets, 10% of net sales, and (5%) of net income (loss), respectively, included in the consolidated financial statement 
as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020. Accordingly, our audit did not include the internal control over 
financial reporting at Infiltrator Water Technologies.  

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended March 31, 2020, of the 
Company and our report dated June 1, 2020, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and 
included an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company’s adoption of FASB ASC Topic 842, Leases, using the 
modified approach. 

Basis for Opinion  

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and 
for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the 
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and 
the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting 
was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over 
financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating 
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered 
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

F-4 

Table of Contents 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate. 

Material Weakness  

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, 
such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial 
statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has been identified 
and included in management's assessment: a material weakness in the internal control over financial reporting in the 
control environment of the Company’s consolidated joint venture affiliate, ADS Mexicana. This material weakness 
was considered in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the consolidated 
financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended March 31, 2020, of the Company, 
and this report does not affect our report on such financial statements. 

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP 

Columbus, Ohio     
June 1, 2020 

F-5 

Table of Contents 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 

(Amounts in thousands, except par value) 
ASSETS 
Current assets: 

Cash 
Receivables (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,035 and $7,653, respectively) 
Inventories 
Other current assets 

   $ 

Total current assets 
Property, plant and equipment, net 
Other assets: 
Goodwill 
Intangible assets, net 
Other assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
Current liabilities: 

Current maturities of debt obligations 
Current maturities of finance lease obligations 
Accounts payable 
Other accrued liabilities 
Accrued income taxes 

Total current liabilities 

   $ 

   $ 

Long-term debt obligation (less unamortized debt issuance costs of $2,419 and $2,293, 
respectively) 
Long-term finance lease obligations 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Other liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies (see Note 15) 
Mezzanine equity: 

Redeemable convertible preferred stock: $0.01 par value; 47,070 shares authorized; 
   44,170 shares issued; 21,562 and 22,611 shares outstanding, respectively 
Deferred compensation — unearned ESOP shares 

Total mezzanine equity 

Stockholders’ equity: 

Common stock: $0.01 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; 69,810 and 57,964 
   shares issued, respectively; 69,319 and 57,490 shares outstanding, respectively 
Paid-in capital 
Common stock in treasury, at cost 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
Retained earnings (deficit) 

Total ADS stockholders’ equity 
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries 

Total stockholders’ equity 

Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and stockholders’ equity 

   $ 

As of March 31, 

2020 

2019 

174,233      $ 
200,028        
282,398        
9,552        
666,211        
481,380        

597,819        
555,338        
69,140        
2,369,888      $ 

7,955      $ 
20,382        
106,710        
101,116        
2,050        
238,213        

1,089,368        
44,501        
175,616        
37,608        
1,585,306        

8,891   
186,991   
264,540   
6,091   
466,513   
398,891   

102,638   
37,177   
36,940   
1,042,159   

25,932   
23,117   
93,577   
61,901   
1,758   
206,285   

208,602   
61,555   
45,963   
19,119   
541,524   

269,529        
(22,432 )      
247,097        

282,638   
(180,316 ) 
102,322   

11,555        
827,573        
(10,461 )      
(35,325 )      
(267,619 )      
525,723        
11,762        
537,485        
2,369,888      $ 

11,436   
391,039   
(9,863 ) 
(25,867 ) 
17,582   
384,327   
13,986   
398,313   
1,042,159   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-6 

  
  
  
  
  
    
  
     
         
    
     
         
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
         
    
     
     
     
     
         
    
     
         
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
         
    
     
         
    
     
     
     
     
         
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
Table of Contents 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) 
Net sales 
Cost of goods sold 
Cost of goods sold - ESOP special dividend compensation 

Gross profit 

Operating expenses: 

Selling 
General and administrative 
Selling, general and administrative - ESOP special dividend 
compensation 
Loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit and disposal 
activities 
Intangible amortization 

(Loss) income from operations 

Other expense: 

Interest expense 
Derivative loss (gains) and other expense (income), net 

(Loss) income before income taxes 
Income tax expense 
Equity in net (income) loss of unconsolidated affiliates 
Net (loss) income 
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 
Net (loss) income attributable to ADS 
Weighted average common shares outstanding: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Net (loss) income per share available to common stockholders:      
   $ 
   $ 

Basic 
Diluted 

2020 

Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 
2019 
   $  1,673,805      $  1,384,733      $  1,330,354   
1,027,873   
—   
302,481   

1,188,716        
168,610        
316,479        

1,057,766        
—        
326,967        

2018 

117,068        
154,270        

96,335        
89,692        

92,764   
98,392   

78,142        

—        

—   

5,338        
57,010        
(95,349 )      

3,647        
7,880        
129,413        

82,711        
1,554        
(179,614 )      
14,092        
(1,909 )      
(191,797 )      
1,377        
(193,174 )      

18,618        
(815 )      
111,610        
30,049        
95        
81,466        
3,694        
77,772        

15,003   
8,068   
88,254   

15,262   
(3,950 ) 
76,942   
11,411   
739   
64,792   
2,785   
62,007   

63,820        
63,820        

57,025        
57,611        

55,696   
56,334   

(3.21 )    $ 
(3.21 )    $ 

1.23      $ 
1.22      $ 

1.00   
0.99   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-7 

  
  
  
  
  
    
    
  
     
     
     
     
         
         
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
         
         
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
         
         
    
     
     
         
         
    
  
Table of Contents 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Net (loss) income 
Currency translation (loss) gain 
Comprehensive (loss) income 
Less: other comprehensive (loss) gain attributable to 
   noncontrolling interest, net of tax 
Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 
Total comprehensive (loss) income attributable to ADS 

Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 
2019 

   $ 

2020 
(191,797 )    $ 
(12,324 )      
(204,121 )      

(2,866 )      
1,377        
(202,632 )    $ 

   $ 

81,466      $ 
(5,749 )      
75,717        

(1,129 )      
3,694        
73,152      $ 

2018 

64,792   
3,886   
68,678   

318   
2,785   
65,575   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-8 

  
  
  
  
  
    
    
  
     
     
     
     
  
Table of Contents 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities 
        Net income 
        Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by 
operating activities: 

Depreciation and amortization 
Deferred income taxes 
Loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit and disposal 
activities 
ESOP and stock-based compensation 
ESOP special dividend compensation 
Amortization of deferred financing charges 
Inventory step up related to Infiltrator Water Technologies 
acquisition 
Fair market value adjustments to derivatives 
Equity in net loss of unconsolidated affiliates 
Other operating activities 
Changes in working capital: 

Receivables 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities 

Net cash provided by operating activities 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities 

Capital expenditures 
Acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, net of cash acquired 
Other investing activities 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities 
Proceeds from Term Loan Facility 
Payments on Term Loan Facility 
Proceeds from syndication of Term Loan Facility 
Payments on syndicated Term Loan Facility 
Proceeds from Senior Notes 
Proceeds from Revolving Credit Agreement 
Payments on Revolving Credit Agreement 
Debt issuance costs 
Proceeds from PNC Credit Agreement 
Payments on PNC Credit Agreement 
Payments on Prudential Senior Notes 
Payments on Term Loan 
Payments of notes, mortgages, and other debt 
Payments on finance lease obligations 
Proceeds from common stock offering, net of offering costs 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest in BaySaver 
Cash dividends paid 
Proceeds from option exercises 
Repurchase of common stock 
Other financing activities 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 
Net change in cash 
Cash at beginning of year 
Cash at end of year 

Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 
2019 

2020 

2018 

   $ 

(191,797 )    $ 

81,466      $ 

64,792   

124,940        
(2,924 )      

71,900        
12,813        

75,003   
(11,239 ) 

5,338        
32,395        
246,752        
34,476        

7,880        
3,128        
(1,909 )      
(6,005 )      

5,170        
19,086        
(1,929 )      
31,588        
306,189        

(67,677 )      
(1,089,322 )      
6,529        
(1,150,470 )      

1,300,000        
(1,300,000 )      
700,000        
(51,750 )      
350,000        
277,900        
(177,900 )      
(34,606 )      
253,900        
(388,300 )      
(100,000 )      
—        
—        
(27,119 )      
293,648        
—        
(92,127 )      
8,163        
—        
(237 )      
1,011,572        
(1,949 )      
165,342        
8,891        
174,233      $ 

3,647        
21,828        
—        
735        

—        
2,346        
95        
(5,219 )      

(17,953 )      
(2,034 )      
(1,004 )      
(16,942 )      
151,678        

(43,412 )      
—        
868        

(42,544 ) 

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
405,700        
(442,800 )      
(25,000 )      
—        
(940 )      
(24,284 )      
—        
(8,821 )      
(26,148 )      
5,908        
—        
(1,270 )      
(117,655 )      
(175 )      
(8,696 )      
17,587        
8,891      $ 

12,655   
18,845   
—   
934   

—   
(3,244 ) 
739   
1,010   

(4,327 ) 
(4,841 ) 
1,648   
(14,855 ) 
137,120   

(41,709 ) 
—   
11,264   
(30,445 ) 

—   
—   
—   
—   
75,000   
—   
—   
(2,268 ) 
487,850   
(512,150 ) 
(25,000 ) 
(72,500 ) 
(1,905 ) 
(24,214 ) 
—   
—   
(18,478 ) 
9,087   
(7,947 ) 
(2,428 ) 
(94,953 ) 
(585 ) 
11,137   
6,450   
17,587   

   $ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-9 

  
  
  
  
    
    
  
     
         
         
    
     
         
         
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
         
         
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
         
         
    
     
     
     
     
    
     
         
         
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
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ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) AND MEZZANINE EQUITY 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance April 1, 2017 
Net income 
Other comprehensive gain 
Redeemable convertible preferred stock dividends 
Common stock dividend ($0.28 per share) 
Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest holder 
Allocation of ESOP shares to participants for: 

Compensation 
Dividend 

Exercise of common stock options 
Restricted stock awards 
Stock-based compensation 
Reclassification of liability-classified awards 
ESOP distributions in common stock 
Retirement of common stock held in treasury 
Common stock repurchases 
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest 
Balance March 31, 2018 

Common Stock 

      Paid-In 
      Amount        Capital 

Shares 

Common Stock 
in Treasury 

Accumulated 
Other 

Comprehensive       Retained       

Shares 

      Amount 

Income 

(Deficit) 

Total ADS 
Stockholders’      
Equity 

Non- 
controlling 
Interest in       
      Subsidiaries      

Total 
Stockholders’   
Equity 

     153,560      $  12,393      $  755,787         98,222      $ (436,984 )    $ 
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
—        
666        
90        
—        
—        
318        
     (97,745 )      
—        
—        

—        
—        
7        
1        
—        
—        
2        

—        
—        
2        
(72 )      
—        
—        
(394 )      

3,809        
—        
9,161        
—        
6,812        
13,714        
9,811        

—        
—        
(81 )      
153        
—        
—        
1,753        
(977 )       (433,852 )       (97,745 )       434,829        
(7,947 )      
—        
(8,277 )    $ 

400        
—        
413      $ 

—        
(334 )      
     56,889      $  11,426      $  364,908        

—        
—        

(24,815 )    $  (83,678 )    $ 
—         62,007        
—        
3,568        
—        
(1,724 )      
—         (15,685 )      
—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
(134 )      
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
(21,247 )    $  (39,214 )    $ 

222,703      $ 
62,007        
3,568        
(1,724 )      
(15,685 )      
—        

3,809        
(134 )      
9,087        
154        
6,812        
13,714        
11,566        
—        
(7,947 )      
(334 )      
307,596      $ 

14,907      $ 
1,928        
318        
—        
—        
(490 )      

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
16,663      $ 

237,610   
63,935   
3,886   
(1,724 ) 
(15,685 ) 
(490 ) 

3,809   
(134 ) 
9,087   
154   
6,812   
13,714   
11,566   
—   
(7,947 ) 
(334 ) 
324,259   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-10 

  
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
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ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) AND MEZZANINE EQUITY 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance April 1, 2017 
Net income 
Other comprehensive gain 
Redeemable convertible preferred stock dividends 
Common stock dividend ($0.28 per share) 
Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest holder 
Allocation of ESOP shares to participants for: 

Compensation 
Dividend 

Exercise of common stock options 
Restricted stock awards 
ESOP distributions in common stock 
Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interest 
Balance March 31, 2018 

Redeemable 
Convertible 
Preferred Stock 

Deferred 
Compensation – 
Unearned ESOP 
Shares 

Shares 

Amount 

Shares 

Amount 

Redeemable 
Non- 
Controlling 
Interest in 
Subsidiaries 
Amount 

Total 
Mezzanine 
Equity 

24,225       $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
—         
—         
(925 )       
—         
23,300       $ 

302,814         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
—         
—         
(11,567 )       
—         
291,247         

15,863       $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

(644 )       
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
15,219       $ 

(198,216 )     $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

8,048         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
(190,168 )     $ 

8,227       $ 
857         
—         
—         
—         
(613 )       

—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
8,471       $ 

112,825   
857   
—   
—   
—   
(613 ) 

8,048   
—   
—   
—   
(11,567 ) 
—   
109,550   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-11 

 
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
          
          
          
          
          
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) AND MEZZANINE EQUITY 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance April 1, 2018 
Net income 
Other comprehensive loss 
Redeemable convertible preferred stock dividends 
Common stock dividend ($0.32 per share) 
Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest holder 
Allocation of ESOP shares to participants for: 

Compensation 
Dividend 

Exercise of common stock options 
Restricted stock awards 
Stock-based compensation 
Reclassification of liability-classified awards 
ESOP distributions in common stock 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest in BaySaver       
Balance March 31, 2019 

Common Stock 

      Paid-In 
      Amount        Capital 

Shares 

      56,889       $  11,426       $  364,908         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
420         
127         
—         
—         
528         
—         

5,712         
—         
5,908         
—         
6,532         
—         
8,604         
(625 )       
      57,964       $  11,436       $  391,039         

—         
—         
4         
1         
—         
—         
5         
—         

Common Stock 
in Treasury 

Shares 

      Amount       

Accumulated 
Other 

Comprehensive       Retained       
(Deficit)       

Income 

Total ADS 
Stockholders’      
Equity 

Non- 
controlling 
Interest in       
      Subsidiaries      

Total 
Stockholders’   
Equity 

413       $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
52         
9         
—         
—         
—         
—         
474       $ 

(8,277 )     $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
(1,372 )       
(214 )       
—         
—         
—         
—         
(9,863 )     $ 

(21,247 )     $  (39,214 )     $ 
—          77,772         
—         
(4,620 )       
—         
(1,913 )       
—          (18,336 )       
—         
—         

—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
(134 )       
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
(593 )       
(25,867 )     $  17,582       $ 

307,596       $ 
77,772         
(4,620 )       
(1,913 )       
(18,336 )       
—         

5,712         
(134 )       
4,540         
(213 )       
6,532         
—         
8,609         
(1,218 )       
384,327       $ 

16,663       $ 
2,862         
(1,129 )       
—         
—         
(4,410 )       

—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
13,986       $ 

324,259   
80,634   
(5,749 ) 
(1,913 ) 
(18,336 ) 
(4,410 ) 

5,712   
(134 ) 
4,540   
(213 ) 
6,532   
—   
8,609   
(1,218 ) 
398,313   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-12 

  
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
Table of Contents 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) AND MEZZANINE EQUITY 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance April 1, 2018 
Net income 
Other comprehensive loss 
Redeemable convertible preferred stock dividends 
Common stock dividend ($0.32 per share) 
Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest holder 
Allocation of ESOP shares to participants for: 

Compensation 
Dividend 

Exercise of common stock options 
Restricted stock awards 
ESOP distributions in common stock 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest in BaySaver 
Balance March 31, 2019 

Redeemable 
Convertible 
Preferred Stock 

Deferred 
Compensation – 
Unearned ESOP 
Shares 

Shares 

Amount 

Shares 

Amount 

Redeemable 
Non- 
Controlling 
Interest in 
Subsidiaries 
Amount 

Total 
Mezzanine 
Equity 

23,300       $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
—         
—         
(689 )       
—         
22,611       $ 

291,247         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         
—         
—         
(8,609 )       
—         
282,638         

15,219       $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

(767 )       
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
14,452       $ 

(190,168 )     $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

9,584         
268         
—         
—         
—         
—         
(180,316 )     $ 

8,471       $ 
832         
—         
—         
—         
(1,075 )       

—         
—         
—         
—         
—         
(8,228 )       
-       $ 

109,550   
832   
—   
—   
—   
(1,075 ) 

9,584   
268   
—   
—   
(8,609 ) 
(8,228 ) 
102,322   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-13 

 
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
          
          
          
          
          
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) AND MEZZANINE EQUITY 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance April 1, 2019 
Net (loss) income 
Other comprehensive loss 
Redeemable convertible preferred stock dividends 
Common stock dividend ($1.36 per share) 
Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest holder 
Allocation of ESOP shares to participants for: 

Compensation 
Dividend 
Special Dividend 
Exercise of common stock options 
Restricted stock awards 
Stock-based compensation 
ESOP distributions in common stock 
Common Stock Offering 
Other 
Balance March 31, 2020 

Common Stock 

Shares 

      Amount 

      Paid-In 
      Capital 

     57,964      $  11,436      $  391,039        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
—        

—        
—        

8,164        
—        
          101,189        
8,163        
6        
—        
1        
—         12,269        
8         13,101        
104         293,544        
104        
     69,810      $  11,555      $  827,573        

571        
118        
—        
807        
     10,350        

Common Stock 
in Treasury 

Shares 

      Amount 

Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive      
Income 

Retained 
(Deficit)       
      Earnings       

Total ADS 
Stockholders’      
Equity 

Non- 
controlling 
Interest in       
      Subsidiaries      

Total 
Stockholders’   
Equity 

474      $ 
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        

(9,863 )     $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

(25,867 )    $  17,582      $ 
—         (193,174 )      
—        
(10,847 )      
(80,821 )      
—        

(9,458 )      
—        
—        
—        

384,327      $ 
(193,174 )      
(9,458 )      
(10,847 )      
(80,821 )      
—        

13,986      $ 
1,377        
(2,866 )      
—        
—        
(735 )      

398,313   
(191,797 ) 
(12,324 ) 
(10,847 ) 
(80,821 ) 
(735 ) 

—        
—        

7        
10        
—        
—        

—         
—         

(207 )       
(391 )       
—         
—         

—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        

—        
(359 )      

—        
—        
—        
—        

491      $  (10,461 )     $ 

(35,325 )    $ (267,619 )    $ 

8,164        
(359 )      
101,189        
7,962        
(390 )      
12,269        
13,109        
293,648        
104        
525,723      $ 

—        
—        

—        
—        
—        
—        

11,762      $ 

8,164   
(359 ) 
101,189   
7,962   
(390 ) 
12,269   
13,109   
293,648   
104   
537,485   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-14 

  
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
         
         
         
         
          
         
         
         
         
    
    
    
    
         
         
          
         
         
         
    
    
    
    
         
          
         
         
         
    
         
         
         
          
         
         
         
 
 
Table of Contents 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) AND MEZZANINE EQUITY 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance April 1, 2019 
Net (loss) income 
Other comprehensive loss 
Redeemable convertible preferred stock dividends 
Common stock dividend ($1.36 per share) 
Dividend paid to noncontrolling interest holder 
Allocation of ESOP shares to participants for: 

Compensation 
Dividend 
Special Dividend 
Exercise of common stock options 
Restricted stock awards 
ESOP distributions in common stock 
Common Stock Offering 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interest in BaySaver 
Balance March 31, 2020 

Redeemable 
Convertible 
Preferred Stock 

Deferred 
Compensation – 
Unearned ESOP 
Shares 

Shares 

Amount 

Shares 

Amount 

22,611       $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

282,638         
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         

—         
—         

—         
—         
(1,049 )       

—         
—         
(13,109 )       

14,452       $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

(957 )       
—         
(11,645 )       
—         
—         
—         

(180,316 )     $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

11,962         
359         
145,563         
—         
—         
—         

Redeemable 
Non- 
Controlling 
Interest in 
Subsidiaries 
Amount 

Total 
Mezzanine 
Equity 

—       $ 
—         
—         
—         
—         
—         

—         
—         

—         
—         
—         

102,322   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   

11,962   
359   
145,563   
—   
—   
(13,109 ) 

—         
21,562       $ 

—         
269,529         

—         
1,850       $ 

—         
(22,432 )     $ 

—         
—       $ 

—   
247,097   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

F-15 

 
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
          
          
          
          
          
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
          
          
          
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
          
          
          
          
          
    
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
Table of Contents 

Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1. 

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Description of Business - Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively referred to as 
“ADS” and the “Company”), incorporated in Delaware, designs, manufactures and markets high performance 
thermoplastic corrugated pipe and related water management products, primarily in North and South America 
and Europe. ADS’s broad product line includes corrugated high-density polyethylene (or “HDPE”) pipe, 
polypropylene (or “PP”) pipe and related water management products. 

The Company’s fiscal year begins on April 1 and ends on March 31. Unless otherwise noted, references to 
“year” pertain to our fiscal year. For example, 2020 refers to fiscal 2020, which is the period from April 1, 
2019 to March 31, 2020. 

On July 31, 2019, the Company completed the Acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies. Infiltrator Water 
Technologies is a leading national provider of plastic leach field chambers and systems, septic tanks and 
accessories, primarily for use in residential applications. Infiltrator Water Technologies’ products are used in 
on-site septic wastewater treatment systems in the United States and Canada. See “Note 3. Acquisitions” for 
additional information on the Acquisition 

The Company is managed and reports results of operations in three reportable segments: Pipe, Infiltrator 
Water Technologies and International. The Company also reports the results of its Allied Products and all 
other business segments as Allied Products & Other. 

Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the Company, its wholly-owned 
subsidiaries, its majority owned subsidiaries, and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) of which the Company is 
the primary beneficiary. The Company uses the equity method of accounting for equity investments where it 
exercises significant influence but does not hold a controlling financial interest. Such investments are recorded 
in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the related equity in earnings from these investments 
are included in Equity in net loss of unconsolidated affiliates in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

Estimates - The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingencies and 
liabilities at the balance sheet date and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting 
period. Significant estimates include, but are not limited to, purchase accounting for the Acquisition, the 
allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of inventory, useful lives of property, plant and equipment and 
amortizing intangible assets, determination of the proper accounting for leases, valuation of equity method 
investments, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets for impairment, accounting for stock-
based compensation and the ESOP, valuation of the redeemable convertible preferred stock, determination of 
allowances for sales returns, rebates and discounts, determination of the valuation allowance, if any, on 
deferred tax assets, and reserves for uncertain tax positions. Management’s estimates and assumptions are 
evaluated on an ongoing basis and are based on historical experience, current conditions and available 
information. Management believes the accounting estimates are appropriate and reasonably determined; 
however, due to the inherent uncertainties in making these estimates, actual results could differ from those 
estimates. 

F-16 

 
 
 
 
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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - Receivables include trade receivables, net of an 
allowance for doubtful accounts, and other miscellaneous receivables. Receivables at March 31, 2020 and 
2019 are as follows: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Trade receivables, net 
Other miscellaneous receivables 

Receivables, net 

2020 
195,968      $ 
4,060        
200,028      $ 

2019 
170,887   
16,104   
186,991   

   $ 

   $ 

As of March 31, 2020 and 2019, Other miscellaneous receivables includes insurance recoverables of 
approximately $3.2 million and $3.9 million, respectively, which has a corresponding liability recorded in 
Other accrued liabilities. 

Credit is extended to customers based on an evaluation of their financial condition and collateral is generally 
not required. The evaluation of the customer’s financial condition is performed to reduce the risk of loss. 
Accounts receivable are evaluated for collectability based on numerous factors, including the length of time 
individual receivables are past due, past transaction history with customers, their credit worthiness and the 
economic environment. This estimate is periodically adjusted when management becomes aware of a situation 
in which there is doubt the customer does not have the ability or intention to pay its financial obligations (e.g. 
bankruptcy filing). 

Inventories - Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The Company’s inventories are 
maintained on the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. Costs include the cost of acquiring materials, including 
in-bound freight from vendors and freight incurred for the transportation of raw materials, tooling or finished 
goods between the Company’s manufacturing plants and its distribution centers, direct and indirect labor, 
factory overhead and certain corporate overhead costs related to the production of inventory. The portion of 
fixed manufacturing overhead that relates to capacity in excess of our normal capacity is expensed in the 
period in which it is incurred and is not included in inventory. Net realizable value of inventory is established 
with consideration given to deterioration, obsolescence, and other factors. The Company periodically 
evaluates the carrying value of inventories and adjustments are made whenever necessary to reduce the 
carrying value to net realizable value. 

Property, Plant and Equipment and Depreciation Method - Property, plant and equipment are recorded at 
cost less accumulated depreciation, with the exception of assets acquired through acquisitions, which are 
initially recorded at fair value. Equipment acquired under finance lease is recorded at the present value of the 
future minimum lease payments. Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes using the straight-
line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets or the lease term, if shorter, as follows: 

Buildings and leasehold improvements 
Machinery and production equipment 
Transportation equipment 

Years 
20 to 45 or the lease term if shorter 
3 to 18 
3 to 12 

Costs of additions and major improvements are capitalized, whereas maintenance and repairs that do not 
improve or extend the life of the asset are charged to expense as incurred. When assets are retired or disposed, 
the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the asset accounts and any resulting gain or 
loss is reflected in Loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit and disposal activities in our Consolidated 
Statements of Operations. Construction in progress is also recorded at cost and includes capitalized interest, 
capitalized payroll costs and related costs such as taxes and other fringe benefits. 

F-17 

 
  
    
  
     
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Goodwill - The Company records acquisitions resulting in the consolidation of an enterprise using the 
acquisition method of accounting. Under this method, the Company records the assets acquired, including 
intangible assets that can be identified, and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date 
of acquisition. The purchase price in excess of the fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed is recorded as goodwill. 

Goodwill is reviewed annually for impairment as of March 31 or whenever events or changes in 
circumstances indicate the carrying value may be greater than fair value. If the fair value of the reporting unit 
exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, goodwill is not considered impaired and the 
Company is not required to perform further testing. If the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill 
exceeds its fair value, then the Company would record an impairment loss equal to the difference. With 
respect to this testing, a reporting unit is a component of the Company for which discrete financial information 
is available and regularly reviewed by management. The fair value of goodwill is determined by considering 
both the income and market approach. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature 
and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include 
revenue growth rates and operating margins used to calculate projected future cash flows, risk-adjusted 
discount rates, future economic and market conditions, and determination of appropriate market comparison. 
The fair value estimates are based on assumptions management believes to be reasonable but are inherently 
uncertain. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company completed a quantitative fair value 
assessment for all reporting units and determined no impairment charge was required. For all other fiscal years 
presented, ADS completed a quantitative fair value assessment of the Canada reporting unit and determined 
no impairment charge was required. 

GAAP allows entities testing goodwill for impairment the option of performing a qualitative assessment 
before calculating the fair value of a reporting unit for the goodwill impairment test. If the qualitative 
assessment is performed, an entity is no longer required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless 
the entity determines that, based on that assessment, it is not more likely than not that its fair value is less than 
its carrying amount. ADS applied the qualitative assessment to the former Domestic reporting unit for the 
annual impairment tests performed as of March 31, 2019 and 2018. The qualitative assessment indicated that 
no impairment charges were required for goodwill in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. 

Intangible Assets 

Intangible Assets — Definite-Lived - Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line 
method or an accelerated method over their estimated useful lives and are tested for recoverability whenever 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that carrying amounts of the asset group may not be recoverable. 
Asset groups are established primarily by determining the lowest level of cash flows available. If the estimated 
undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amounts of such assets, an impairment loss is 
recognized to the extent the fair value of the asset less any costs of disposition is less than the carrying amount 
of the asset. Determining the fair value of these assets is judgmental in nature and involves the use of 
significant estimates and assumptions.  

Intangible Assets — Indefinite-Lived - Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually as 
of March 31 or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may be greater than 
fair value. Determining the fair value of these assets is judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant 
estimates and assumptions. The Company bases its fair value estimates on assumptions it believes to be 
reasonable, but that are inherently uncertain. To estimate the fair value of these indefinite-lived intangible 
assets, the Company uses an income approach, which utilizes a market derived rate of return to discount 
anticipated performance. An impairment loss is recognized when the estimated fair value of the intangible 
asset is less than the carrying value. 

ADS completed a quantitative fair value measurement of indefinite-lived trademarks as of March 31, 2020. 
The test indicated that the fair value of the indefinite-lived trademarks substantially exceeded the carrying 
value, indicating that no impairment existed. 

F-18 

 
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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

GAAP allows entities testing indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment the option of performing a 
qualitative assessment before calculating the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets for the 
impairment test. If the qualitative assessment is performed, an entity is no longer required to calculate the fair 
value of an indefinite-lived intangible assets unless the entity determines that, based on that assessment, it is 
more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. ADS applied the qualitative assessment 
to specific trademarks for the annual impairment tests performed as of March 31, 2019 and 2018. For the 
qualitative test, ADS assessed various assumptions, events and circumstances that would have affected the 
estimated fair value of the reporting unit as compared to its March 31, 2016 quantitative fair value 
measurement. The results of this assessment indicated that it is not more likely than not that the trademarks 
fair value is less than the reporting unit carrying value. The Company did not incur any impairment charges 
for Intangible assets in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. 

Other Assets - Other assets include operating lease right of use assets, investments in unconsolidated affiliates 
accounted for under the equity method, capitalized software development costs, including cloud computing 
costs, deposits, central parts, and other miscellaneous assets. See “Note 6. Lease” for further information on 
the operating lease right of use assets. The Company capitalizes development costs for internal use software. 
Capitalization of software development costs begins in the application development stage and ends when the 
asset is placed into service. The Company amortizes such costs using the straight-line method over estimated 
useful lives of 2 to 10 years, which is included in General and administrative expense, Selling expense or Cost 
of goods sold within the Consolidated Statements of Operations depending on the nature of the asset and its 
intended use. Central parts represent spare production equipment items which are used to replace worn or 
broken production equipment parts and help reduce the risk of prolonged equipment outages. The cost of 
central parts is amortized on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of 3 to 10 years. 

The Company evaluates its investments in unconsolidated affiliates for impairment whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount might not be recoverable and recognizes an 
impairment loss when a decline in value below carrying value is determined to be other-than-temporary. 
Under these circumstances, the Company would adjust the investment down to its estimated fair value, which 
then becomes its new carrying value. The impairment charge is included in Equity in net loss of 
unconsolidated affiliates in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. See “Note 11. Investment in 
Unconsolidated Affiliates.” 

Other assets as of the fiscal years ended March 31 consisted of the following: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Right of use assets - Operating leases 
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates 
Capitalized software development costs, net 
Deposits 
Central parts 
Other 

Total other assets 

2020 
24,875     $ 
9,250       
11,045       
3,842       
6,745       
13,383       
69,140     $ 

2019 

—   
10,467   
13,069   
2,985   
2,385   
8,034   
36,940   

  $ 

  $ 

The following table sets forth amortization expense related to Other assets in each of the fiscal years ended 
March 31: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Capitalized software development costs 
Central parts 
Other 

  $ 

2020 

2019 

2018 

3,116     $ 
87       
85       

2,659     $ 
73       
1,419       

2,156   
47   
1,688   

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Leases - The Company determines whether an arrangement contains a lease at inception by determining if the 
contract conveys the right to control the use of identified plant, property, and equipment for a period of time in 
exchange for consideration and other facts and circumstances as defined by ASC 842. For each lease which 
has an accounting lease term of greater than 12 months, the Company records the right-of-use asset and lease 
liability on the balance sheet. The accounting lease term includes cancellable and renewal periods which are 
reasonably assured. The lease liability is measured utilizing the incremental borrowing rate unless the 
Company can specifically determine the rate implicit in the lease. Leases are evaluated for appropriate 
classification as operating or financing at lease inception. For leases classified as finance leases at lease 
inception, the Company records a finance lease asset and lease financing obligation equal to the present value 
of the minimum lease payments. The finance lease right of use asset is recorded in Property, plant and 
equipment, net and amortized to its expected residual value at the end of the lease term using the straight-line 
method, and the lease financing obligation is amortized using the effective interest method over the lease term 
with the rental payments being allocated to principal and interest. For leases classified as operating leases, the 
Company records the operating lease right of use asset in other assets and operating lease obligation in other 
accrued liabilities and other liabilities. Operating lease rent expense over the useful life using the straight-line 
method. 

Foreign Currency Translation - Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries with a functional currency other 
than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars at the current rate of exchange on the last day of the 
reporting period. Revenues and expenses are translated at a monthly average exchange rate and equity 
transactions are translated using either the actual exchange rate on the day of the transaction or a monthly 
average historical exchange rate. The South American Joint Venture operates within Argentina, which on July 
1, 2018, was identified for high inflationary accounting. The Company has determined the effect of a change 
in the exchange rate under high inflationary accounting does not have a material effect on the Company’s 
results in any annual period. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company’s 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) consisted of foreign currency translation gains and losses. 

Net Sales - The Company generates revenue by selling pipe and related water management products primarily 
to distributors, retailers, buying groups and co-operative buying groups. Products are shipped predominately 
by the Company’s internal fleet, and the Company does not provide any additional revenue generating 
services after product delivery. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract.  

Revenue is recognized at the point in-time obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are 
satisfied, which generally occurs upon the transfer of control of the promised goods. In substantially all of the 
Company’s contracts with customers, control is transferred to the customer upon delivery. The Company 
recognizes revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in 
exchange for those goods or services.  

Shipping Costs - The Company incurs shipping costs to deliver products to customers using an in-house fleet 
or common carrier. Typically shipping costs are prepaid and included in the product price; however, in some 
instances, the Company bills shipping costs to customers. Shipping costs are also incurred to physically move 
raw materials, tooling and products between manufacturing and distribution facilities. Shipping costs to 
deliver products to customers for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $149.0 million, 
$131.3 million, and $120.7 million, respectively, and are included in Cost of goods sold. Shipping costs billed 
to customers were $7.9 million, $7.7 million, and $6.3 million during 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 
are included in Net sales. 

Stock-Based Compensation - See “Note 17. Stock-Based Compensation” for information about our stock-
based compensation award programs and related accounting policies. 

Advertising - The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs are recorded in Selling 
expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The total advertising costs were $4.9 million, $3.8 
million, and $4.1 million for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Self-Insurance - The Company is self-insured for short term disability and medical coverage it provides for 
substantially all eligible employees. The Company is self-insured for medical claims up to the individual and 
aggregate stop-loss coverage limits. The Company accrues for claims incurred but not reported based on an 
estimate of future claims related to events that occurred prior to the fiscal year end if it has not met the 
aggregate stop-loss coverage limit. Amounts expensed totaled $50.3 million, $42.4 million, and $41.3 million 
for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, of which employees contributed $7.9 
million, $6.7 million, and $5.9 million, respectively. 

ADS is also self-insured for various other general insurance programs to the extent of the applicable 
deductible limits on the Company’s insurance coverage. These programs include primarily automobile, 
general liability and employment practices coverage with a deductible of $0.5 million per occurrence or claim 
incurred. Amounts expensed during the period, including an estimate for claims incurred but not reported at 
year end, were $2.5 million, $2.3 million, and $2.2 million, for the years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 
2018, respectively. 

ADS is also self-insured for workers’ compensation insurance with stop-loss coverage for claims that exceed 
$0.3 million per incident up to the respective state statutory limits. Amounts expensed, including an estimate 
for claims incurred but not reported, were $3.0 million, $2.8 million, and $1.3 million for the fiscal years 
ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. 

Income Taxes - Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and 
liabilities are recognized and represent the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the 
financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. They are 
measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the related 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Valuation allowances are established against 
deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that the realization of those deferred tax assets will not 
occur. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the 
period that includes the enactment date. The deferred income tax provision represents the change during the 
reporting period in the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities. Penalties and interest recorded on 
income taxes payable are recorded as part of Income tax expense. 

The Company determines whether an uncertain tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon 
examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation process, based upon the technical merits 
of the position. For tax positions meeting the more likely than not threshold, the tax amount recognized in the 
financial statements is the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being 
realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant taxing authority. 

Fair Values - The fair value framework requires the categorization of assets and liabilities into three levels 
based upon assumptions (inputs) used to price the assets or liabilities. Level 1 provides the most reliable 
measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. 

ADS’s policy for determining when transfers between levels have occurred is to use the actual date of the 
event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer. 

Concentrations of Risk - The Company has a large, active customer base of approximately twenty thousand 
customers with two customers, Ferguson Enterprises and Core and Main, each representing more than 10% of 
annual net sales. Such customers accounted for 24.3%, 25.4%, and 25.4% of fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018 net 
sales, respectively. The Company’s customer base is diversified across the range of end markets that it serves. 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally 
of Receivables. The Company provides its products to customers based on an evaluation of the customers’ 
financial condition, generally without requiring collateral. Exposure to losses on Receivables is principally 
dependent on each customer’s financial condition. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its 
customers. The Company monitors the exposure for credit losses and maintains allowances for anticipated 
losses. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to Receivables are limited due to the large number of 
customers comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across many different geographies. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

One customer, Ferguson Enterprises, accounted for approximately 18.2% and 19.1% of Receivables at 
March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. 

Derivatives - The Company recognizes derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities and measure those 
instruments at fair value. ADS uses interest rate swaps, commodity options in the form of collars and swaps, 
and foreign currency forward contracts to manage various exposures to interest rate, commodity price, and 
exchange rate fluctuations. These instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. For the interest 
rate swap executed on June 28, 2017, gains and losses resulting from the difference between the spot rate and 
applicable base rate was recorded in Interest expense. For commodity options in the form of collars and 
swaps, and foreign currency forward contracts, gains and losses from contract settlements and changes in fair 
value of the derivative instruments are recognized in Derivative losses (gains) and other expense (income), net 
in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s policy is to present all derivative balances on a 
gross basis. 

The Company also has forward purchase agreements in place with certain resin suppliers for virgin 
polyethylene resin. The agreements specify a fixed amount of virgin resin material to be purchased at a fixed 
price for a given period of time in quantities the Company will use in the normal course of business, and 
therefore, qualify as normal purchase contracts. The cost of such resin is recognized in Cost of goods sold in 
the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance  

Leases - In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued an accounting 
standard update (“ASU”) which amends the guidance for leases (“ASC 842”). This standard contains 
principles that will require an entity to recognize most leases on the balance sheet by recording a right-of-use 
asset and a lease liability, unless the lease is a short-term lease that has an accounting lease term of twelve 
months or less. The standard also contains other changes to the current lease guidance that may result in 
changes to how entities determine which contractual arrangements qualify as a lease, the accounting for 
executory costs, such as property taxes and insurance, as well as which lease origination costs will be 
capitalizable. In July 2018, the FASB amended ASC 842 to provide another transition method, allowing a 
cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings during the period of adoption. The 
Company adopted these standards effective April 1, 2019 using the transition method in the July 2018 ASU 
which does not require adjustments to comparative periods or require modified disclosures for those periods 
and includes transition relief practical expedients. See “Note 6. Leases” for further information on the 
adoption of the new lease ASUs. 

Hedge Accounting - In August 2017, the FASB issued an ASU which expanded an entity’s ability to apply 
hedge accounting for non-financial and financial risk components and provided a simplified approach for fair 
value hedging of interest rate risk. The standard also refined how entities assess hedge effectiveness. The 
Company adopted this standard effective April 1, 2019. The new standard did not have an impact on the 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Recent Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted  

Measurement of Credit Losses - In June 2016, the FASB issued an ASU which provides amended guidance on 
the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments, including trade receivables. This standard requires 
the use of an impairment model referred to as the current expected credit loss model. This standard is effective 
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those years, and early 
adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company will adopt this 
standard effective April 1, 2020. The Company’s adoption of the standard will not have a material impact on 
the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Reference Rate Reform - In March 2020, the FASB issued an ASU that provides optional expedients and 
exceptions related to financial reporting impacts related to the expected market transition from LIBOR to 
another reference rates. The amendments are effective on March 12, 2020 and an entity may elect to adopt 
prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on 
the Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Income Taxes – In December 2019, the FASB issued an ASU to simplify the accounting for income taxes by 
removing certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740, Income Taxes and improve the 
comparability of financial statements. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning 
after December 15, 2020, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of 
this standard on the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Except for the pronouncements described above, there have been no new accounting pronouncements issued 
or adopted since the filing of the fiscal 2019 Form 10-K that have significance, or potential significance, to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements.  

2. 

LOSS ON DISPOSAL OF ASSETS AND COSTS FROM EXIT AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES 

In fiscal 2018, the Company initiated restructuring activities (the “2018 Restructuring Plan”), which 
concluded during fiscal 2019, including closing underutilized manufacturing facilities, reducing headcount, 
optimizing product offerings and eliminating nonessential costs, designed to improve the Company’s cost 
structure. The Company closed one and four manufacturing facilities in the fiscal years ended March 31, 
2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company does not currently have a specified restructuring plan. The 
following table summarizes the activity included in Loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit and 
disposal activities recorded during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018:  

The following table summarizes the activity included in loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit and 
disposal activities recorded during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Accelerated depreciation 
Plant severance 
Headcount reduction 
Product optimization 
Other restructuring activities 

Total 2018 Restructuring Plan activities 
Acquisition related severance and other costs 
Loss on other disposals and partial disposals of property, 
   plant and equipment 

Total loss on disposal of assets and costs from exit 
   and disposal activities 

  $ 

  $ 

2020 

2019 

2018 

—     $ 
—       
—       
—       
—       
—     $ 
2,557     $ 

430     $ 
131       
306       
283       
475       
1,625     $ 
—     $ 

3,759   
2,041   
4,133   
1,351   
159   
11,443   
—   

2,781       

2,022       

3,560   

  $ 

5,338     $ 

3,647     $ 

15,003   

Approximately $1.2 million and $0.4 million for fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, related to the Pipe and 
International reportable segment, respectively, and $11.0 million and $0.4 million for the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2018 of the Total 2018 Restructuring Plan activities related to the Pipe and International reporting 
segment, respectively. 

All of the Company’s restructuring liability related to the Pipe reportable segment. A reconciliation of the 
beginning and ending amounts of restructuring liability related to the 2018 Restructuring Plan for the fiscal 
years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows: 

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(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance at beginning of year 
Expenses 
Non-cash expenses 
Payments 
Balance at end of year 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

1,696      $ 
—        
—        
(1,122 )      
574      $ 

3,901   
1,625   
(713 ) 
(3,117 ) 
1,696   

The Company had $0.1 million and $0.6 million of long-term severance liability related to the restructuring 
activities recorded in Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2020 and March 31, 
2019, respectively. 

Periodically, the Company will dispose of equipment, including equipment accounted for as finance leases. 
The net loss on the disposition of the equipment was $2.8 million, $2.0 million, and $3.6 million during fiscal 
2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

3. 

REVENUE RECOGNITION 

On April 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), and 
all related amendments using the modified retrospective transition method. The adoption of ASC 606 did not 
impact the opening retained earnings balance or cause a material shift in the amount or timing of revenue 
recognition. Results for reporting periods beginning after April 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while 
prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in a consistent manner with historical 
accounting policies. 

The Company generates revenue by selling pipe and related water management products primarily to 
distributors, retailers, buying groups and co-operative buying groups. Products are shipped predominately by 
the Company’s internal fleet, and the Company does not provide any additional revenue generating services 
after product delivery. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract.  

Revenue is recognized at the point in-time obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are 
satisfied, which generally occurs upon the transfer of control of the promised goods. In substantially all of the 
Company’s contracts with customers, control is transferred to the customer upon delivery. The Company 
recognizes revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in 
exchange for those goods or services. Revenue is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations net 
of allowances for returns, rebates, discounts, and taxes collected concurrently with revenue-producing 
activities. 

The Company disaggregates net sales by Domestic, International and Infiltrator Water Technologies and 
further disaggregates Domestic and International by product type, consistent with its reportable segment 
disclosure. This disaggregation level best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue 
and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Refer to “Note 21. Business Segments Information” for the 
Company’s disaggregation of Net sales by reportable segment. 

Significant Judgments - The Company’s performance obligation under contracts with customers is to sell 
and deliver pipe and related water management products. The Company’s contracts with customers may 
contain multiple performance obligations by promising to deliver multiple products to the customer. For these 
contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The 
transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price 
basis. 

The Company’s products are generally sold with a right of return, and the Company may provide credits or 
incentives, which are accounted for as variable consideration when estimating the amount of revenue to 
recognize. Variable consideration is estimated at contract inception and updated at the end of each reporting 
period as additional information becomes available and only to the extent that it is probable that a significant 
reversal of any incremental revenue will not occur. 

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Contract Balances - The Company recognizes a contract asset representing the Company’s right to recover 
products upon the receipt of returned products and a contract liability for the customer refund. The adoption of 
this standard resulted in the Company recording a contract asset for estimated inventory returns. On April 1, 
2018, the estimated inventory returns resulted in a $0.6 million decrease in Receivables, net and a $0.6 million 
increase in Other current assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table presents 
the balance of the Company’s contract asset and liability as of March 31, 2020 and April 1, 2019: 

Contract asset - product returns 
Refund liability 

March 31, 
2020 

April 1, 
2019 

   $ 

(In thousands) 
594      $ 
1,458        

646   
1,372   

Practical Expedients and Exemptions - The Company expenses incremental costs to obtain a contract (e.g. 
sales commissions) when incurred as the amortization period would have been one year or less. These costs 
are recorded within selling expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

The Company elected the accounting policy election permitted by ASC 606 to account for shipping and 
handling costs as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the goods when these activities are performed after 
a customer obtains control of the goods.  

The Company elected the accounting policy to exclude from the transaction price all sales taxes that are 
assessed by a governmental authority and that are imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-
producing transaction and collected by the Company from a customer, for example, sales, use, value added, 
and some excise taxes. 

Further, the Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an 
original expected length of one year or less. 

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4. 

ACQUISITIONS 

Fiscal 2020 Acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies 

On July 31, 2019 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed its Acquisition of Infiltrator Water 
Technologies pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) dated July 31, 2019. 
Infiltrator Water Technologies manufactures and sells wastewater systems for homes and provides drainage 
chambers for septic and storm water management. The total fair value of consideration transferred was 
$1,147.2 million. The Merger Agreement was funded through the Bridge Loan Facility as further described in 
“Note 13. Debt”. The results of operations of Infiltrator Water Technologies are included in the Consolidated 
Statements of Operations after July 31, 2019. 

The following table summarizes the consideration transferred and the preliminary purchase price allocation of 
the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company’s estimates and assumptions are subject to change 
during the measurement period. The measurement period ends on July 31, 2020. Any changes to the 
Company’s estimates or assumptions may result in material changes from the preliminary purchase price 
allocations. 

Adjustments 
to 
Purchase 
Price 

Initial 
Amount 

  $ 

57,375     $ 

—     $ 

Adjustments 
to Property, 
Plant and 
Equipment      
—     $ 

Adjustments 
to 
Intangible 
Assets 

Tax 
Adjustments     
—     $ 

Updated 
Amount 

57,375   

—     $ 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Cash 
Total current assets, 
     excluding cash 
Property, plant and equipment      
Goodwill 
Intangible assets, net 
Other assets 
Total current liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Other liabilities 
Total fair value of 
     consideration transferred 

75,847       
98,860       
     567,034       
     475,000       
14,366       
(22,756 )     
     (109,926 )     
(9,274 )     

  $ 1,146,526     $ 

—       
—       
704       
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       

—       
—       

—       
—       

75,847   
—       
(6,575 )     
92,285   
6,575        (100,000 )      21,528        495,841   
—        575,000   
—        100,000       
14,366   
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
(21,825 ) 
931       
—        (22,459 )      (132,385 ) 
—       
(9,274 ) 
—       
—       
—       

704     $ 

—     $ 

—     $ 

—     $ 1,147,230   

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The fair value of consideration transferred includes $6.0 million of Infiltrator Water Technologies payable to 
the Company and $6.6 million of Infiltrator Water Technologies receivable due from the Company. 

The goodwill of $495.8 million represents the excess of consideration transferred over the fair value of assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed and is attributable to expected revenue synergies, as well as operating 
efficiencies and cost savings. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes and is assigned to the Infiltrator 
Water Technologies segment. 

Of the $132.4 million of preliminary purchase price allocated to deferred tax liabilities, $82.3 million related 
to the step up of GAAP basis for fair market valuations, while the remaining $50.1 million were acquired 
deferred tax liabilities. Of the total $82.3 million, $80.2 million was attributed to intangible assets. See “Note 
18. Income Taxes” for additional information. 

The purchase price excludes transaction costs. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Company 
incurred $22.9 million of transaction costs related to the Acquisition such as legal, accounting, valuation and 
other professional services. The Company estimates approximately $7.3 million of transaction costs are not 
deductible for tax purposes. These costs are included in general and administrative expenses in the 
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. 

The identifiable intangible assets recorded in connection with the closing of the Acquisition are based on 
valuations including customer relationships, patents and developed technology, and tradename and trademarks 
totaling $575.0 million. Customer relationships are amortized using an accelerated method over an estimated 
useful life of 20 years. Patents and developed technology and tradename and trademarks are on a straight-line 
basis over the respective useful lives of 10 and 20 years. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Customer relationships 
Patents and developed technology 
Tradename and trademarks 
Total identifiable intangible assets 

   $ 

Preliminary fair 
value 

Estimated useful 
lives 
360,000      20 years 
150,000       10 years 
65,000       20 years 

   $ 

575,000        

The net sales to external customers of Infiltrator Water Technologies since the acquisition are included in the 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 was $169.3 million. The 
income before taxes of Infiltrator Water Technologies since the acquisition are included in the Consolidated 
Statements of Operations for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 was $8.2 million 

The unaudited pro forma information for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 presented below includes the 
effects of the Acquisition as if it had been consummated as of April 1, 2017, with adjustments to give effect 
to pro forma events that are directly attributable to the Acquisition. Adjustments include those related to the 
amortization of acquired intangible assets, increases in interest expense due to additional borrowings incurred 
to finance the Acquisition, transaction costs, the elimination of transactions between the Company and 
Infiltrator Water Technologies and the estimated tax impacts thereof. The unaudited pro forma information 
does not reflect any operating efficiency or potential cost savings that could result from the consolidation of 
Infiltrator Water Technologies. Accordingly, the unaudited pro forma information is presented for 
informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the actual results of the combined company if 
the Acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the period presented, nor is it indicative of the future results 
of operations. 

2020 

2019 
  $  1,760,208      $  1,608,450     $  1,520,571   
(33,606 ) 

(145,244 )     

27,411       

2018 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Net sales 
Net income (loss) attributable to ADS 

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Fiscal 2019 Acquisition of Noncontrolling interest in BaySaver 

BaySaver Technologies LLC (“BaySaver”) was a joint venture that was established to produce and distribute 
water quality filters and separators used in the removal of sediment and pollution from storm water. During 
the third quarter of fiscal 2019, ADS purchased the remaining 35% ownership interest in BaySaver for a 
purchase price of $8.8 million. The purchase of the remaining 35% ownership interest was reflected as a 
reduction in the Redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiary in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and as a 
financing activity in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Additionally, resulting from this transaction, 
the Company recorded a $0.4 million non-cash adjustment to deferred taxes. BaySaver is now a wholly-owned 
subsidiary of ADS.  

Fiscal 2018 Acquisition of DURASLOT, Inc. 

On August 1, 2017, ADS acquired DURASLOT, Inc., a manufacturer of linear surface drains, for $2.3 
million. The acquisition included approximately $2.1 million of tax-deductible goodwill. The acquisition of 
DURASLOT, Inc. is included in Other investing activities on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. 

5. 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Property, plant and equipment, net as of the fiscal years ended March 31 consisted of the following: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Land, buildings and improvements 
Machinery and production equipment 
Transportation equipment 
Construction in progress 

Total cost 

Less: accumulated depreciation 

Property, plant and equipment, net 

2020 

253,379     $ 
631,932       
208,037       
19,925       
1,113,273       
(631,893 )     
481,380     $ 

2019 
199,810   
560,858   
221,721   
19,749   
1,002,138   
(603,247 ) 
398,891   

   $ 

   $ 

The following table sets forth depreciation expense related to Property, plant and equipment in each of the 
fiscal years ended March 31: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Depreciation expense (inclusive of leased assets 
   depreciation)(1) 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 

64,642     $ 

59,869     $ 

63,044   

(1)  Depreciation expense does not include accelerated depreciation expense from the 2018 Restructuring 
plan. See “Note 2. Loss on Disposal of Assets and Costs from Exit and Disposal Activities” for 
additional discussion. 

6. 

LEASES 

ASC 842 Adoption - The Company adopted the provisions of ASC 842 beginning on April 1, 2019 using the 
transition methodology in ASC 842 which does not require adjustments to comparative periods or require 
modified disclosures. The Company elected the transition relief practical expedient package as described in 
ASC 842-10-65-1. ASC 842 provides lessees with the option of electing an accounting policy, by class of 
underlying asset, in which the lessee may choose not to separate nonlease components from lease components. 
The Company elected this practical expedient for leases of certain classes of equipment, including forklifts 
and fleet tractors and trailers. The Company also elected the accounting policy to not recognize the right-of-
use asset and lease liability for leases with an accounting lease term of twelve months or less (“Short-term 
leases”). The adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recording of $13.3 million of additional lease liabilities and 
right-of-use assets to the beginning balance of the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. Infiltrator Water 
Technologies adopted ASC 842 on July 31, 2019 using the same methodology and policy elections taken by 
the Company on April 1, 2019. The Infiltrator Water Technologies adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the 
recording of $11.2 million of additional lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets to the beginning 
balance of the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. At the date of adoption, ASC 842 did not have an 
impact on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations and Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. 

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Nature of the Company’s Leases - The Company has operating and finance leases for plants, yards, corporate 
offices, tractors, trailers and other equipment. The Company’s leases have remaining terms of less than one 
year to 30 years. A portion of the Company’s real estate leases include an option to extend the leases for up to 
5 years. The Company has included renewal options which are reasonably certain to be exercised in its right-
of-use assets and lease liabilities. 

The Company’s lease payments are generally fixed. Certain equipment leases contain residual value 
guarantees that create a contingent obligation on the part of the Company to compensate the lessor if the 
leased asset cannot be sold for an amount in excess of a specified minimum value at the conclusion of the 
lease term. The calculation is based on the original cost of the transportation equipment, less lease payments 
made, compared to a percentage of the transportation equipment’s fair market value at the time of sale. All 
leased units covered by this guarantee have been classified as finance leases and a corresponding finance lease 
obligation was recorded. Therefore, no contingent obligation is needed. 

For all leases with an initial expected term of more than 12 months, the Company recorded, at the adoption 
date of ASC 842 or lease commencement date for leases entered into after the adoption date, a lease liability, 
which is the lessee’s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; 
and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a 
specified asset for the lease term. The Company will utilize its collateralized incremental borrowing rate 
commensurate to the lease term as the discount rate for its leases, unless the Company can specifically 
determine the lessor’s implicit rate. The incremental borrowing rate for each lease is determined based on the 
Company’s credit rating, adjusted for the impacts of collateral, and the lease term. 

Lease Cost - The components of lease cost for the year ended March 31, 2020 was: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Operating lease cost 

Operating lease cost 
Operating lease cost 
Short-term lease cost 
Total operating lease cost 
Finance lease cost 

Income Statement Classification 

2020 

   Cost of goods sold 
   General and administrative 
   Cost of goods sold 

Amortization of right-of-use assets 
Amortization of right-of-use assets 
Interest on lease liabilities 

  Cost of goods sold 
  General and administrative 
  Interest expense 

Total finance lease cost 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

5,548   
1,204   
2,393   
9,145   

17,059   
2,543   
4,344   
23,946   

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 was as follows:  

(Amounts in thousands) 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: 

2020 

Operating cash flows from operating leases 
Operating cash flows from finance leases 
Financing cash flows from finance leases 

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: 

Operating leases 
Finance leases(a) 

  $ 

6,572   
4,675   
27,119   

10,529   
5,078   

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(a)  The Company acquired $27.6 million and $26.8 million of property, plant and equipment under finance 

leases in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively. 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases as of March 31, 2020 was as follows: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Operating leases 

Right-of-use assets 
Current lease liabilities 
Non-current lease liabilities 
Total operating lease liabilities 
Finance leases 

Right-of-use assets 
Current lease liabilities 

Non-current lease liabilities 
Total finance lease liabilities 

Weighted average lease term 

Operating leases 
Finance leases 

Weighted average discount rate 

Operating leases 
Finance leases 

Balance Sheet Classification 

   2020 

   Other assets 

  Other accrued liabilities 
  Other liabilities 

   Property, plant and equipment 

  Current maturities of finance lease 
obligations 
  Long-term finance lease obligations 

  $ 24,875   
     7,757   
    17,173   
  $ 24,930   

    90,756   

    20,382   
    44,501   
  $ 64,883   

6.97   
     10.72   

3.57 % 
5.36 % 

The following is a schedule by year of future minimum lease payments on a rolling twelve-month basis under 
operating and finance leases and the present value of the net minimum lease payments as of March 31, 2020: 

(Amounts in thousands) 

Year 1 
Year 2 
Year 3 
Year 4 
Year 5 
Thereafter 

Total minimum lease payments 
Less: amount representing interest 
Present value of net minimum lease payments 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

Operating 
Leases 

      Finance Leases    
23,492   
19,478   
13,182   
8,355   
4,736   
4,722   
73,965   
9,082   
64,883   

8,511      $ 
5,717        
3,839        
2,768        
2,041        
6,075        
28,951      $ 
4,021        
24,930      $ 

Disclosures Related to Periods Prior to the Adoption of ASC 842 – Leased assets included in Property, plant 
and equipment as of the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 consisted of the following: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Buildings and improvements 
Machinery and equipment 

Total cost 

Less: accumulated depreciation 

Leased assets in Property, plant and 
     equipment, net 

   $ 

2019 

5,357   
220,279   
225,636   
(114,856 ) 

$ 

110,780   

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The following sets forth the interest and depreciation expense related to capital leases recorded in each fiscal 
year ended March 31: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Lease interest expense 
Depreciation of leased assets 

2019 

2018 

   $ 

5,215      $ 
19,155        

4,086   
18,511   

As of March 31, 2019, total contractual obligations for capital and operating leases were as follows: 

(Amounts in thousands) 

Year 1 
Year 2 
Year 3 
Year 4 
Year 5 
Thereafter 

Total minimum lease payments 
Less: amount representing interest 
Present value of net minimum lease payments 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

Operating 
Leases 

      Finance Leases    
26,604   
22,507   
18,064   
11,721   
7,143   
8,198   
94,237   
9,565   
84,672   

4,159      $ 
2,924        
1,814        
690        
325        
2,236        
12,148      $ 
—        
12,148      $ 

7. 

INVENTORIES 

Inventories as of the fiscal years ended March 31 consisted of the following: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Raw materials 
Finished goods 

Total Inventories 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

66,524      $ 
215,874        
282,398      $ 

47,910   
216,630   
264,540   

The Company had no work-in-process inventories as of March 31, 2020 and 2019. 

During fiscal years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company incurred production-related general and 
administrative costs included in the cost of finished goods inventory of $38.8 million and $29.4 million, 
respectively, of which $8.6 million and $8.2 million remained in inventory at March 31, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively. 

8.  GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

Goodwill - The carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment is as follows: 

   As Previously Reported          

(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance at March 31, 2018 
Currency translation 

Balance at March 31, 2019 

Reallocation due to change in segments 
Acquisition 
Currency translation 

Balance at March 31, 2020 

Infiltrator 
Water 
Technologies     

   Domestic      International      Pipe 
  $  92,105     $ 
—       
  $  92,105     $ 
    (92,105 )     
—       
—       
  $  —     $ 

Allied 
Products 
& Other       Total 
—     $  —     $ 103,017   
10,912     $  —     $ 
—       
(379 ) 
—       
—       
—     $  —     $ 102,638   
10,533     $  —     $ 
—   
—        34,442       
—        57,663       
—       495,841   
—       
(660 )     
(660 ) 
—       
9,873     $  57,663     $  495,841     $  34,442     $ 597,819   

—        495,841       
—       
—       

(379 )     

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Intangible Assets – Intangible assets as of March 31, 2020 and 2019 consisted of the following: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Definite-lived intangible assets 
Developed technology 
Customer relationships 
Patents 
Non-compete and other contractual 
   agreements 
Trademarks and tradenames 
Total definite lived intangible assets 

Indefinite-lived intangible assets (a) 

Gross 
Intangible     

2020 
Accumulated 
Amortization     

Net 
Intangible     

Gross 
Intangible     

2019 
Accumulated 
Amortization     

Net 
Intangible   

  $ 177,579     $ 
    377,742       
8,951       

(32,437 )   $ 145,142     $  27,580     $ 
(47,051 )     330,691        29,851       
2,532        8,313       

(6,419 )     

(19,922 )   $  7,658   
(23,000 )      6,851   
(5,561 )      2,752   

—       
     69,847       
    634,119       

—       

—       

155       
(4,736 )      65,111        15,978       
(90,643 )     543,476        81,877       

(138 )     

17   
(7,968 )      8,010   
(56,589 )      25,288   

Trademarks 
Total Intangible assets 

     11,862       
  $ 645,981     $ 

—        11,862        11,889       
(90,643 )   $ 555,338     $  93,766     $ 

—        11,889   
(56,589 )   $  37,177   

(a)  Indefinite-lived intangible assets decreased as a result of foreign currency translation. 

The gross intangible asset value of developed technology, customer relationships and trademarks and 
tradenames increased as a result of the Acquisition. See “Note 4. Acquisitions” for additional information. 

The following table presents the amortization expense and weighted average amortization period for definite-
lived intangible assets at March 31, 2020: 

   Amortization expense (in thousands) 

Developed technology 
Customer relationships 
Patents 
Non-compete and other contractual agreements 
Trademarks and tradenames 

  $  12,517      $ 
     36,093        
522        
22        
7,856        

2,517      $ 
3,546        
546        
22        
1,249        

2,517       
3,633       
591       
104       
1,223       

2020 

2019 

2018 

Weighted 
Average 
Amortization 
Period 
(in years) 
10.0 
19.8 
12.0 
— 
19.6 

The following table presents the future intangible asset amortization expense based on existing intangible 
assets at March 31, 2020: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Amortization expense 

2021 

2024 
  $ 71,705     $ 61,305     $ 52,328     $ 48,200     $ 44,872     $ 265,066     $ 543,476   

    Thereafter      Total 

2022 

2025 

Fiscal Year 
2023 

9. 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT 

When applying fair value principles in the valuation of assets and liabilities, the Company is required to 
maximize the use of quoted market prices and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The Company has not 
changed its valuation techniques used in measuring the fair value of any financial assets or liabilities during 
the fiscal years presented. The fair value estimates take into consideration the credit risk of both the Company 
and its counterparties. 

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When active market quotes are not available for financial assets and liabilities, ADS uses industry standard 
valuation models. Where applicable, these models project future cash flows and discount the future amounts to 
a present value using market-based observable inputs including credit risk, interest rate curves, foreign 
currency rates and forward and spot prices for currencies. In circumstances where market-based observable 
inputs are not available, management judgment is used to develop assumptions to estimate fair value. 
Generally, the fair value of our Level 3 instruments is estimated as the net present value of expected future 
cash flows based on internal and external inputs. 

Recurring Fair Value Measurements 

The assets, liabilities and mezzanine equity carried at fair value as of the fiscal years ended March 31 were as 
follows: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Assets: 
Derivative assets — diesel fuel contracts 

  $ 
Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis    $ 

Total 

     Level 1 

     Level 2 

     Level 3 

March 31, 2020 

36     $ 
36     $ 

—     $ 
—     $ 

36     $ 
36     $ 

Liabilities: 
Derivative liability - diesel fuel contracts 
Contingent consideration for acquisitions (a) 

Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring 
   basis 

  $ 

2,228     $ 
60       

—      $ 
—       

2,228      $ 
—       

  $ 

2,288     $ 

—     $ 

2,228     $ 

—   
—   

—   
60   

60   

(Amounts in thousands) 
Assets: 
Derivative assets — diesel fuel contracts 
Interest rate swaps 

  $ 

Total assets at fair value on a recurring basis    $ 

Liabilities: 
Derivative liability - diesel fuel contracts 
Foreign exchange forward contracts 
Contingent consideration for acquisitions 

Total liabilities at fair value on a recurring 
   basis 

  $ 

Total 

     Level 1 

     Level 2 

     Level 3 

March 31, 2019 

189     $ 
1,088       
1,277     $ 

283     $ 
60       
203       

—     $ 
—       
—     $ 

—      $ 
—        
—       

189     $ 
1,088       
1,277     $ 

283      $ 
60        
—       

—   
—   
—   

—   
—   
203   

  $ 

546     $ 

—     $ 

343     $ 

203   

(a)  The fair value of the contingent consideration for acquisitions is based on management’s estimate of  

contractual payments based on future product certifications obtained.  

The contingent consideration for acquisitions are recorded at their fair value based on a discounted cash flow 
valuation technique.  The Company’s unobservable input is the weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) 
which represents discount rates or rates of return estimates and assumptions that the Company believes would 
be used by market participants when valuing these liabilities.  The Company’s weighted average cost of 
capital was approximately 9.5% as of March 31, 2020 and 2019.  

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Changes in the fair value of recurring fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) 
for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows: 

Balance at March 31, 2018 
Asset acquisition 
Change in fair value 
Payments of contingent consideration 
   liability 
Balance at March 31, 2019 
Payments of contingent consideration 
   liability 
Balance at March 31, 2020 

Contingent 
consideration 

578     
40     
(6 )   

(409 )   
203     

(143 )   
60     

   $ 
   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

There were no transfers in or out of Level 3 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. 

Valuation of Contingent Consideration for Acquisitions - The method used to price these liabilities is 
considered Level 3, due to the subjective nature of the unobservable inputs used to determine the fair value. 

Valuation of Debt - The carrying amounts of current financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value 
because of the immediate or short-term maturity of these items, or in the case of derivative instruments, 
because they are recorded at fair value. The carrying and fair value of the Company’s Senior Notes (discussed 
in “Note 13. Debt”) were $350.0 million and $315.0 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2020 and $100.0 
million and $98.9 million, respectively, at March 31, 2019. The fair value of the Senior Notes was determined 
based on a comparison of the interest rate and terms of such borrowings to the rates and terms of similar debt 
available for the period. The Company believes the carrying amount on the remaining long-term debt, 
including the Secured Bank Loans, is not materially different from its fair value as the interest rates and terms 
of the borrowings are similar to currently available borrowings. The categorization of the framework used to 
evaluate this debt is considered Level 2. 

10. 

INVESTMENT IN CONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES 

ADS participates in one consolidated joint venture, ADS Mexicana, which is 51% owned by the Company’s 
wholly-owned subsidiary ADS Worldwide, Inc. The equity owned by the Company’s joint venture partner is 
shown as Noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the joint venture 
partner’s portion of net income is shown as Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in the 
Consolidated Statements of Operations.  

ADS participated in an additional joint venture, BaySaver. In the third quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company 
acquired the noncontrolling interest in BaySaver. As a result, BaySaver is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the 
Company after the acquisition. Prior to the acquisition, the equity owned by the Company’s joint venture 
partner was shown as Redeemable noncontrolling interest in subsidiaries in the Consolidated Balance Sheets 
and the joint venture partner’s portion of net income is shown as Net income attributable to noncontrolling 
interest in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

ADS Mexicana - ADS participates in joint ventures for the purpose of expanding upon the growth of 
manufacturing and selling HDPE corrugated pipe and PVC conduit in emerging markets. ADS invested in 
ADS Mexicana for the purpose of expanding upon our growth of manufacturing and selling ADS licensed 
HDPE corrugated pipe and related products in the Mexican and Central American markets via the joint 
venture partner’s local presence and expertise throughout the region. The Company owns a 51% equity 
interest in ADS Mexicana. The Company executed a Technology, Patents and Trademarks Sub-License 
Agreement and a Distribution Agreement with ADS Mexicana that provides ADS Mexicana with the rights to 
manufacture and sell ADS licensed products in Mexico and Central America. The Company has concluded 
that it holds a variable interest in and is the primary beneficiary of ADS Mexicana based on the power to 
direct the most significant activities of ADS Mexicana and the obligation to absorb losses and the right to 

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receive benefits that could be significant to ADS Mexicana. As the primary beneficiary, the Company is 
required to consolidate the assets and liabilities of ADS Mexicana. 

The table below includes the assets and liabilities of ADS Mexicana that are consolidated as of March 31, 
2020 and 2019. The balances exclude intercompany transactions that are eliminated upon consolidation. 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Assets 

Current assets 
Property, plant and equipment, net 
Other noncurrent assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities 

Current liabilities 
Noncurrent liabilities 
Total liabilities 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

18,357      $ 
12,438        
1,317        
32,112      $ 

6,350      $ 
1,131        
7,481      $ 

18,683   
17,054   
1,396   
37,133   

6,581   
1,264   
7,845   

11. 

INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES 

The Company participates in an unconsolidated joint venture, South American Joint Venture, which is 50% 
owned by the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary ADS Chile. Prior to April 2018, the Company participated 
in an unconsolidated joint venture, Tigre-ADS USA, Inc. (“Tigre-ADS USA”), which was 49% owned by the 
Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary ADS Ventures, Inc.  

South American Joint Venture - The Company’s investment in this unconsolidated joint venture was formed 
for the purpose of expanding upon the growth of manufacturing and selling HDPE corrugated pipe in the 
South American market via the joint venture partner’s local presence and expertise throughout the region. The 
Company has concluded that it is appropriate to account for this investment using the equity method, whereby 
the Company’s share of the income or loss of the joint venture is reported in the Consolidated Statements of 
Operations under Equity in net loss (income) of unconsolidated affiliates and the Company’s investment in the 
joint venture is included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company is not required to 
consolidate the South American Joint Venture as it is not the primary beneficiary, although the Company does 
hold significant variable interests in the South American Joint Venture through the equity investment and debt 
guarantee. 

In order to improve the South American Joint Venture’s working capital position and allow it to reallocate 
capital resources to business growth, the Company and the joint venture partner each contributed equal 
amounts of outstanding receivables owed to them from the South American Joint Venture in exchange for 
incremental ownership interest in the South American Joint Venture in December 2017. The Company and the 
joint venture partner continue to maintain a 50% ownership interest in the South American Joint Venture 
following the contribution. As a result of the transaction the Company contributed receivables of 
approximately $5.8 million net of a $3.0 million allowance for doubtful accounts and recorded an additional 
investment in the South American Joint Venture at the fair value of $4.7 million and a $1.9 million gain on the 
book value of the receivables. The investment is recorded within Other assets on the Company’s Consolidated 
Balance Sheets and the gain is recorded within Equity in net (income) loss of unconsolidated affiliates on the 
Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

Past impairment charges have resulted in a basis difference between the cost of the investment and the amount 
of underlying equity in net assets of the South American Joint Venture of $3.7 million and $4.0 million as of 
March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The basis difference will be amortized over the estimated remaining 
useful life of the underlying property, plant and equipment, 7 years. The Company recognized $0.3 million, 
$0.4 million and $0.5 million of amortization of the basis difference in fiscal 2020, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively. The impairment charge is included in Equity in net loss of unconsolidated affiliates in the 
Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

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Tigre-ADS USA - The former joint venture was established to manufacture and sell PVC fittings for 
waterworks, plumbing, and HVAC applications primarily in the United States and Canadian markets. The joint 
venture represented a continuation of the activities of Tigre-ADS USA through its Janesville, Wisconsin 
manufacturing facility. The Company was not required to consolidate Tigre-ADS USA as it was not the 
primary beneficiary, although the Company did hold a significant variable interest in Tigre-ADS USA through 
the equity investment. 

In April 2018, the Company and the joint venture partner agreed to exchange the Company’s shares of Tigre-
ADS USA for a release from the existing debt guarantees. Following the exchange, the Company no longer 
has an interest in Tigre-ADS USA. As a result of the agreement, the Company determined there was an other-
than-temporary decline in the fair value of its investment in Tigre-ADS USA. Accordingly, the Company 
recorded an impairment charge of $0.3 million, reducing the carrying value of the investment to its fair value. 
The impairment charge is included in Equity in net loss of unconsolidated affiliates in the Consolidated 
Statements of Operations. 

12.     RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

ADS Mexicana - ADS conducts business in Mexico and Central America through its joint venture ADS 
Mexicana. ADS Mexicana’s Revolving Credit Facility expired on June 22, 2018 and was replaced by an 
Intercompany Revolving Credit Promissory Note (the “Intercompany Note”) with a borrowing capacity of 
$12.0 million. The Intercompany Note matures on June 22, 2022. The Intercompany Note indemnifies the 
ADS Mexicana joint venture partner for 49% of any unpaid borrowing. The interest rates under the 
Intercompany Note are determined by certain base rates or London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus an 
applicable margin based on the Leverage Ratio. As of March 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no borrowings 
under the Intercompany Note. 

South American Joint Venture - The Company’s South American Joint Venture manufactures and sells 
HDPE corrugated pipe in the South American market. ADS is the guarantor for 50% of the South American 
Joint Venture’s credit facility, and the debt guarantee is shared equally with the joint venture partner. The 
maximum potential obligation under this guarantee totals $11.0 million as of March 31, 2020. The maximum 
borrowing permitted under the South American Joint Venture’s credit facility is $22.0 million. This credit 
facility allows borrowings in either Chilean pesos or US dollars at a fixed interest rate determined at inception 
of each draw on the facility. The guarantee of the South American Joint Venture’s debt expires on 
December 31, 2020. ADS does not anticipate any required contributions related to the balance of this credit 
facility. As of March 31, 2020 and 2019, the outstanding principal balance of the credit facility including 
letters of credit was $9.3 million and $12.3 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2020, there were no U.S. 
dollar denominated loans. The weighted average interest rate as of March 31, 2020 was 5.32% on Chilean 
peso denominated loans. 

ADS and the South American Joint Venture have entered into shared services arrangements in order to 
execute the joint venture services. Occasionally, the South American Joint Venture enters into agreements for 
pipe sales with ADS and its other related parties, which were $0.7 million, $1.3 million and $2.1 million in the 
fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. ADS pipe sales to the South American Joint 
Venture were $0.9 million, $1.2 million and $0.4 million in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019 and 
2018, respectively. 

Tigre-ADS USA - Tigre-ADS USA was a joint venture established to manufacture and sell PVC fittings for 
waterworks, plumbing, and HVAC applications primarily in the United States and Canadian markets. ADS 
owned 49% of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Tigre-ADS USA. The joint venture represented a 
continuation of the existing activities of Tigre-ADS USA through its Janesville, Wisconsin manufacturing 
facility. In April 2018, the Company and the joint venture partner agreed to exchange the Company’s shares of 
Tigre-ADS USA for a release from the existing debt guarantees. Following the exchange, the Company no 
longer has an interest in Tigre-ADS USA. Following the exchange of Tigre-ADS USA shares, the Company 
still considers Tigre-ADS USA a related party as a result of the Company’s joint venture in the South 
American Joint Venture discussed above. 

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ADS purchased $2.0 million, $0.3 million and $2.0 million of Tigre-ADS USA manufactured products for use 
in the production of ADS products during fiscal years 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

13.  DEBT 

Long-term debt as of the fiscal years ended March 31 consisted of the following: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Term Loan Facility 
Senior Notes 
Revolving Credit Facility 
PNC Credit Agreement 
Prudential Senior Notes 
Equipment financing 

Total 

Unamortized debt issuance costs 
Current maturities 

Long-term debt obligations 

2020 

2019 

  $  648,250     $ 
     350,000       
     100,000       

—   
—   
—   
—        134,400   
—        100,000   
2,427   
    1,099,742        236,827   
(2,293 ) 
(25,932 ) 
  $ 1,089,368     $  208,602   

(2,419 )     
(7,955 )     

1,492       

Bridge Credit Facility 

On July 31, 2019, the Company entered into a credit agreement (the “Base Credit Agreement”) by and among 
the Company, as borrower, Barclays Bank PLC, as administrative agent, the several lenders from time to time 
party thereto. 

The Base Credit Agreement provided for a term loan facility in an initial aggregate principal amount of up to 
$1.3 billion (the “Bridge Loan Facility”), a revolving credit facility in an initial aggregate principal amount of 
up to $350 million (the “Bridge Revolving Credit Facility”), a letter of credit sub-facility in the initial 
aggregate available amount of up to $50 million, as a sublimit of such Revolving Credit Facility (the “Bridge 
L/C Facility”) and a swing line sub-facility in the aggregate available amount of up to $50 million, as a 
sublimit of the Revolving Credit Facility (together with the Bridge Loan Facility, the Bridge Revolving Credit 
Facility and the Bridge L/C Facility, the “Bridge Credit Facility”). 

On July 31, 2019, the Company borrowed approximately $1.3 billion under the Bridge Loan Facility and 
$145 million under the Bridge Revolving Credit Facility, which amounts were to (i) finance the consideration 
paid in connection with the closing of the Acquisition, (ii) repay the total outstanding amount as of the 
Closing Date under the Company’s then existing revolving credit facility with PNC, (iii) repay outstanding 
amounts of existing indebtedness incurred by Infiltrator Water Technologies under its outstanding credit 
facility in effect prior to the Acquisition, and (iv) pay certain transaction fees and expenses associated with the 
Acquisition and the Bridge Loan Facility. Approximately $300.0 million of outstanding borrowings under the 
Base Credit Agreement were repaid on September 10, 2019 with proceeds from the Company’s public 
offering of common stock as further described in “Note 19. Net Income Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity” 
and approximately $300.0 million of outstanding borrowings under the Bridge Loan Facility were repaid on 
September 23, 2019 with proceeds from the Company’s offering of $350.0 million Senior Notes, as defined 
and further described below. 

As a result of this borrowing, on July 31, 2019, the Company initially capitalized approximately $46.9 million 
of deferred financing fees associated with the Bridge Credit Facility. This amount was later reduced by 
$14.9 million due to refunds received by ADS. The remaining deferred financing costs were written off due to 
loss on early extinguishment of debt resulting from the $300.0 million principal payment primarily from the 
Common Stock Offering, $300.0 million principal payment from the issuance of Senior Notes due 2027, and 
$700.0 million principal payment from the issuance of the Senior Secured Credit Facility on September 24, 
2019. These financings resulted in the Company treating the Bridge Credit Facility as having been 
extinguished and replaced with the Common Stock Offering, Senior Notes due 2027 and the syndicated Senior 
Secured Credit Facility for accounting purposes under ASC 470-50. The loss on early extinguishment of debt, 

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which is included in interest expense in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations, primarily 
reflects the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and discounts. 

Repayment of Prudential Senior Notes 

On July 29, 2019, the Company repaid in full all of its and its subsidiaries’ indebtedness and other obligations 
totaling $104.4 million under that certain Second Amended and Restated Private Shelf Agreement, dated as of 
June 22, 2017 (as amended the “Shelf Note Agreement”) of the Company’s Senior Notes (“Prudential Senior 
Notes”), by and among the Company, as issuer, the guarantors from time to time a party thereto, PGIM, Inc., 
as a purchaser and the other purchasers from time to time a party thereto. The Company repaid the outstanding 
indebtedness under the Shelf Note Agreement using borrowings from the Company’s Second Amended and 
Restated Credit Agreement (the “PNC Credit Agreement”) as in effect as of July 29, 2019. Concurrently with 
the repayment, the Shelf Noteholders authorized and directed PNC Bank, National Association, in its capacity 
as Collateral Agent (as defined in the Shelf Note Agreement) to release the security interests and liens 
securing the Shelf Note Agreement and the Shelf Note Agreement was terminated. 

As a result of the repayment described above, the Company expensed approximately $4.2 million primarily 
consisting of prepayment premium or penalty associated with the debt payoff activity and the write-off of 
unamortized deferred financing fees, as the payoff meets the criteria to be accounted for as a debt 
extinguishment. 

Repayment of PNC Credit Agreement 

On the Closing Date, using borrowings of the new Bridge Loan Facility the Company repaid in full all of its 
and its subsidiaries indebtedness and other obligations totaling $239.2 million under the PNC Credit 
Agreement. Concurrently with the repayment, all security interests and liens held by the Collateral Agent (as 
defined in the PNC Credit Agreement) securing the PNC Credit Agreement were terminated and released and 
the PNC Credit Agreement was terminated. 

As a result of the repayment described above, the Company expensed approximately $2.0 million primarily 
consisting of the write-off of unamortized deferred financing fees associated with the debt payoff activity, as 
the payoff meets the criteria to be accounted for as a debt extinguishment. 

Issuance of Senior Notes due 2027 

On September 23, 2019, the Company issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.0% senior notes 
due 2027 (the “Senior Notes”) pursuant to an Indenture, dated September 23, 2019 (the “Indenture”), among 
the Company, the guarantors party thereto (the “Guarantors”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee 
(the “Trustee”). The Senior Notes are guaranteed by each of the Company’s present and future direct and 
indirect wholly owned domestic subsidiaries that is a guarantor under the Company's Senior Secured Credit 
Facility. The Senior Notes were offered and sold either to persons reasonably believed to be “qualified 
institutional buyers” pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) or to 
persons outside the United States under Regulation S of the Securities Act. 

Interest on the Senior Notes will be payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on March 31 and September 30 
of each year, commencing on March 31, 2020, at a rate of 5.0% per annum. The Senior Notes will mature 
on September 30, 2027. The Company used the majority of the net proceeds from the offering of the Senior 
Notes for the repayment of $300.0 million of its outstanding borrowings under the Company’s Bridge Loan 
Facility. The deferred financing costs associated with the Senior Notes totaled $2.1 million and are recorded 
as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of the related debt. 

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The Company may redeem the Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at any time on or after September 30, 2022 at 
established redemption prices. At any time prior to September 30, 2022, the Company may also redeem up 
to 40% of the Senior Notes with net cash proceeds of certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal 
to 105.0% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if 
any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, at any time prior to September 30, 2022, the Company 
may redeem the Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount 
of the Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption 
date plus an applicable “make-whole” premium. 

The Indenture contains customary events of default, including, among other things, payment default, failure to 
comply with covenants or agreements contained in the Indenture or the Senior Notes and certain provisions 
related to bankruptcy events. The Indenture also contains customary negative covenants. 

New Senior Secured Credit Facility 

On September 24, 2019, the Company successfully completed a $700 million syndication of the remaining 
balance of the Bridge Credit Facility subsequent to the aforementioned Common Stock Offering and Senior 
Notes due 2027 and in connection with the syndication, the Company amended the Base Credit Agreement 
(the “Senior Secured Credit Facility”). The Senior Secured Credit Facility reduced the applicable margin 
utilized in the determination of the interest rate, as well as other provisions. 

The Senior Secured Credit Facility provides for a term loan facility in an initial aggregate principal amount of 
$700 million (the “Term Loan Facility”), a revolving credit facility in an initial aggregate principal amount of 
up to $350 million (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), a letter of credit sub-facility in the initial aggregate 
available amount of up to $50 million, as a sublimit of such Revolving Credit Facility (the “L/C Facility”) and 
a swing line sub-facility in the aggregate available amount of up to $50 million, as a sublimit of the Revolving 
Credit Facility (together with the Term Loan Facility, the Revolving Credit Facility and the L/C Facility, the 
“Senior Secured Credit Facility”). During fiscal 2020, the Company prepaid $51.8 million of the Term Loan 
Facility. Letters of credit outstanding at March 31, 2020 amounts to $8.5 million and reduced the availability 
of the Revolving Credit Facility. 

In connection with entering into the Senior Secured Credit Facility, the Company capitalized approximately 
$0.4 million in deferred financing fees. To the extent not previously paid, all then-outstanding amounts under 
the Term Loan Facility are due and payable on the maturity date of the Term Loan Facility, which is seven 
years from the Closing Date. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility are available beginning on 
September 24, 2019 and, to the extent not previously paid, all then-outstanding amounts under the Revolving 
Credit Facility are due and payable on the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility, which is five 
years from the Closing Date. 

At the option of the Company, borrowings under the Term Loan Facility and under the Revolving Credit 
Facility (subject to certain limitations) bear interest at either a base rate (as determined pursuant to the Senior 
Secured Credit Facility) or at a Eurocurrency Rate, based on LIBOR (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit 
Facility), plus the applicable margin as set forth therein from time to time. In the case of the Revolving Credit 
Facility, the applicable margin is based on the Company’s consolidated senior secured net leverage ratio (as 
defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility). All borrowings under the Term Loan Facility used to finance 
the Merger Consideration as described above initially bear interest at a Eurocurrency Rate applicable to 
Eurocurrency Loans (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility) denominated in U.S. Dollars. 

The Company is also required to pay a commitment fee that is based upon the undrawn amounts of the 
Revolving Credit Facility at a rate per annum based upon a calculated ratio as prescribed within the Senior 
Secured Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2020, the rate the Company was committed to paying on the 
undrawn portion was equal to 0.2%. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

The Company’s obligations under the Senior Secured Credit Facility have been secured by granting a first 
priority lien on substantially all of the Company’s assets (subject to certain exceptions and limitations), and 
each of StormTech, LLC, Advanced Drainage of Ohio, Inc. and Infiltrator Water Technologies, LLC 
(collectively the “Guarantors”) has agreed to guarantee the obligations of the Company under the Senior 
Secured Credit Facility and to secure the obligations thereunder by granting a first priority lien in substantially 
all of such Guarantor’s assets (subject to certain exceptions and limitations).  

Principal Maturities - Maturities of long-term debt (excluding interest and deferred financing costs) as of 
March 31, 2020 are summarized below: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Principal maturities 

14.  DERIVATIVE TRANSACTIONS 

Fiscal Years Ending March 31, 
     2022 

     2023 

   2021 
  $ 7,955     $ 7,532     $ 7,000     $ 7,000     $ 107,000     $ 963,255     $ 1,099,742   

    Thereafter     

     2024 

Total 

2025 

The Company uses interest rate swaps and commodity options in the form of collars and swaps to manage its 
various exposures to interest rate and commodity price fluctuations. For the interest rate swap executed on 
June 28, 2017, gains and losses resulting from the difference between the spot rate and applicable base rate is 
recorded in Interest expense. The Company’s interest rate swap was terminated during the year ended March 
31, 2020 in conjunction with the new Senior Secured Credit Facility. For collars and commodity swaps, 
contract settlement gains and losses are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in Derivative 
gains and other income, net. Gains and losses related to mark-to-market adjustments for changes in fair value 
of the derivative contracts are also recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in Derivative gains 
and other income, net. 

A summary of the fair values for the various derivatives at March 31, 2020 and 2019 is presented below: 

2020 

Assets 

Liabilities 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Diesel fuel option collars and swaps 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Diesel fuel option collars and swaps 
Foreign exchange forward contracts 
Interest rate swaps 

   Receivables     Other assets     
21     $ 
  $ 

15     $ 

Other accrued 
liabilities 

(2,000 )   $ 

Other 
liabilities    
(228 ) 

2019 

Assets 

Liabilities 

   Receivables     Other assets     
  $ 

127     $ 
—       
566       

62     $ 
—       
522       

Other accrued 
liabilities 

Other 
liabilities    
(82 ) 
—   
—   

(201 )   $ 
(60 )     
—       

The Company recorded net losses and net (gains) on mark-to-market adjustments for changes in the fair value 
of derivative contracts as well as net losses and net (gains) on the settlement of derivative contracts as follows: 

   Net Unrealized Mark to Market Losses (Gains)    
2019 

2018 

2020 

  $ 

1,029     $ 
—       
2,099       
3,128     $ 

1,712     $ 
60       
574       
2,346     $ 

(2,801 ) 
—   
(443 ) 
(3,244 ) 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Interest rate swaps 
Foreign exchange forward contracts 
Diesel fuel option collars 

Total net unrealized mark to market losses (gains) 

  $ 

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(Amounts in thousands) 
Interest rate swaps 
Foreign exchange forward contracts 
Diesel fuel option collars 

Total net realized losses (gains) 

15.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Purchase Commitments 

Net Realized Losses (Gains) 
2019 

2018 

2020 

  $ 

  $ 

378     $ 
102       
357       
837     $ 

(329 )   $ 
(163 )     
(698 )     
(1,190 )   $ 

—   
—   
(476 ) 
(476 ) 

The Company has historically secured supplies of resin raw material by agreeing to purchase quantities during 
a future given period at a fixed price. These purchase contracts typically ranged from 1 to 12 months and 
occur in the ordinary course of business. The Company, also, enters into equipment purchase contracts with 
manufacturers. The Company does not have any outstanding purchase commitments as of March 31, 2020. 

Litigation and Other Proceedings 

The Company is involved from time to time in various legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of 
business, including but not limited to commercial disputes, environmental matters, employee related claims, 
intellectual property disputes and litigation in connection with transactions including acquisitions and 
divestitures. The Company does not believe that such litigation, claims, and administrative proceedings will 
have a material adverse impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations. The Company 
records a liability when a loss is considered probable, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. 

Other Commitments and Contingencies 

In March 2019, the Company initiated an internal investigation process, under the guidelines of the 
Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, into its consolidated joint venture affiliate ADS 
Mexicana’s senior management’s ethical and business conduct, as well as compliance of certain products 
with, along with considerations into Mexican laws and regulations over the last 12 months. The Company has 
concluded that the current estimate of probable losses resulting from the investigation is not material to our 
consolidated financial statements, however due to the inherent uncertainties in determining the use, 
installation application and location of our ADS Mexicana products sold, along with the consideration of 
Mexican laws and regulations related to warranty and product liability obligations, the Company is unable to 
determine the maximum potential future losses that may occur, which could be material to the consolidated 
financial statements. 

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16.  EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS 

Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) - The Company established the Advanced Drainage 
Systems, Inc. ESOP (the “ESOP” or the “Plan”) effective April 1, 1993. The Plan was funded through a 
transfer of assets from our tax-qualified profit-sharing retirement plan, as well as a 30-year term loan from 
ADS. Within 30 days following the repayment of the ESOP loan, which will occur no later than March 2023, 
the ESOP committee can direct the shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock owned by the ESOP to be 
converted into shares of the Company’s common stock. The Plan operates as a tax-qualified leveraged ESOP 
and was designed to enable eligible employees to acquire stock ownership interest in ADS. Employees of 
ADS who have reached the age of 18 are generally eligible to participate in the Plan on March 31 after 
six months of service. Upon retirement, disability, death, or vested terminations, (i) a participant or designated 
beneficiary may elect to receive the amount in their account attributable to the 1993 transfer of assets from our 
tax-qualified profit sharing retirement plan in the form of cash or ADS stock with any fractional shares paid in 
cash; (ii) stock credited to the participants’ ESOP stock account resulting from the ESOP’s loan repayments 
are distributed in the form of ADS stock, and (iii) amounts credited to the participants’ ESOP cash account are 
distributed in the form of cash. Upon attainment of age 50 and seven years of participation in the Plan, a 
participant may elect to diversify specified percentages of the number of shares of ADS stock credited to the 
participant’s ESOP stock account in compliance with applicable law. 

The Company is obligated to make contributions to the Plan, which, when aggregated with the Plan’s 
dividends on the Plan’s unallocated shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock, equal the amount 
necessary to enable the Plan to make its regularly scheduled payments of principal and interest due on its term 
loan to ADS. As the Plan makes annual payments of principal and interest, an appropriate percentage of 
preferred stock is allocated to ESOP participants’ accounts in accordance with plan terms that are compliant 
with applicable Internal Revenue Code and regulatory provisions. 

The carrying value of redeemable convertible preferred stock held by the ESOP trust, but not yet earned by the 
ESOP participants or used for dividends, is reported as Deferred compensation — unearned ESOP shares 
within the Mezzanine equity section of our Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

Compensation expense and related dividends paid with ESOP shares for services rendered throughout the 
period are recognized based upon the annual fair value of the shares allocated. Deferred compensation — 
unearned ESOP shares is relieved at fair value, with any difference between the annual fair value and the 
carrying value of shares when allocated being added to Additional paid in capital. The fair value of the shares 
allocated was $22.70, $19.90, and $20.00 per share of redeemable convertible preferred stock at March 31, 
2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, resulting in an average annual fair value per share of $21.31, $19.95, and 
$18.40 per share for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. During the fiscal 
years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company recognized compensation expense of $20.1 
million, $15.3 million, and $11.7 million, respectively, related to allocation of ESOP shares to participants. 

Required dividends on allocated shares are generally passed through and paid in cash to the participants and 
required dividends on unallocated shares are paid in cash to the Plan and generally used to service the Plan’s 
debt. 

The ESOP committee directed the Plan trustee to retain dividends on unallocated ADS shares rather than to 
service the Plan’s debt. In the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company recognized 
compensation expense and the trustee retained $0.0 million, $3.3 million and $3.2 million, respectively, for 
dividends on unallocated ADS shares. These dividends were allocated to participants based on the total shares 
in their account in relation to total shares allocated at March 31, 2020 and 2019. 

Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock - The Trustee of the Company’s ESOP has the ability to put shares 
of the redeemable convertible preferred stock to the Company absent a market for the Company’s common 
stock, and as a result the redeemable convertible preferred stock is classified as Mezzanine equity in the 
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The put option requirements of the Internal Revenue Code apply in 
the event that the Company’s common stock is not a registration type class of security or its trading has been 
restricted. Therefore, the holders of Redeemable convertible preferred stock have a put right to require the 

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Company to repurchase such shares in the event that the common stock is not listed for trading or otherwise 
quoted on the NYSE, AMEX, NASDAQ, or any other market more senior than the OTC Bulletin Board. As of 
March 31, 2020, the applicable redemption value was $0.7818 per share as there were no unpaid cumulative 
dividends. 

Given that the event that may trigger redemption of the Redeemable convertible preferred stock (the listing or 
quotation on a market more senior than the OTC Bulletin Board) is not solely within the Company’s control, 
the redeemable convertible preferred stock is presented in the mezzanine equity section of the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2020, the Company did not adjust the carrying value of the redeemable 
convertible preferred stock to its redemption value or recognize any changes in fair value as the Company did 
not consider it probable that the Redeemable convertible preferred stock would become redeemable. 

The Redeemable convertible preferred stock has a required cumulative 2.5% dividend (based on the 
liquidation value of $0.7818 per share) and is convertible at a rate of 0.7692 shares of common stock for each 
share of Redeemable convertible preferred stock. The 2.5% annual dividend is payable in cash or additional 
shares of the Redeemable convertible preferred stock. During the first quarter of fiscal 2020, the Board of 
Directors approved the 2.5% annual dividend to be paid in cash on March 31, 2020 to stockholders of record 
as of March 15, 2020. The Redeemable convertible preferred stock has a liquidation value of $0.7818 per 
share that must be paid before any distribution or payment may be made to holders of common stock in the 
event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of ADS. 

During fiscal year ended March 31, 2020, the Board of Directors approved a special cash dividend of $1.00 
per share. See “Note 19. Net Income Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity” for additional information. Cash 
and stock dividends on allocated Redeemable convertible preferred stock for the fiscal years ended March 31, 
2020 and 2019, respectively, are summarized in the following table.  

(Amounts in thousands) 
Quarterly cash dividends 
Annual cash dividends 

Total cash dividends 

Annual stock dividend 
Annual cash dividend 

Total ESOP required dividends 

Allocated shares 
Required dividend per share 
Required dividends 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

10,840      $ 
7        
10,847      $ 
359        
7        
366      $ 
18,756        
0.0195        
366      $ 

1,903   
10   
1,913   
134   
10   
144   
7,392   
0.0195   
144   

In the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, 1.0 million and 0.8 million shares of redeemable 
convertible preferred stock, respectively, were allocated to the ESOP participants, including, in addition to the 
cash dividends, 0.4 million and less than 0.1 million preferred shares allocated as dividends, respectively.  

Executive Retirement Expense - ADS has employment agreements with certain executives that include 
potential payments to be made to those executives upon termination. The terms of the termination payments 
vary by executive, but are generally based on current base salary and bonus levels at the time of termination. 
The contractual termination payments vest upon either (1) certain contingent occurrences terminating 
employment such as death, disability, layoff, the executive voluntarily quitting due to a breach of covenants 
by the Company or for other “good reason” or (2) the executive reaching a specified retirement age while still 
working for the Company, as defined in the individual employee agreement. 

The Company accrues a liability from the effective date of the executive’s employment agreement to the date 
the executive reaches the required retirement age while working for the Company, which is considered the 
service period for this obligation. The liability is estimated based on each executive’s current base salary and 
bonus levels. Because the executives vest in the termination payments equally over the relevant service period, 
the Company recognizes the related compensation expense based on the straight-line method over the service 

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period. If an executive terminates their employment prior to reaching the required retirement age, no payment 
is required and the previously recorded compensation expense for that executive is reversed and recorded as a 
benefit to compensation expense in the period the executive terminates employment. 

The compensation (benefit) expense recorded related to the executive termination payments for the fiscal 
years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 was $0.2 million, $(0.2) million and $1.5 million, respectively, 
and is included in General and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of 
March 31, 2020 and 2019, the executive termination payment obligation was $2.6 million and $4.3 million, 
respectively, and is included in Other accrued liabilities and Other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance 
Sheets. 

Profit-Sharing Plan - The Company has a tax-qualified profit-sharing retirement plan with a 401(k) feature 
covering substantially all U.S. eligible employees. The Company did not make employer contributions to this 
plan in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018. The Company has defined contribution 
postretirement benefit plans covering Infiltrator Water Technologies and Canadian employees. The Company 
recognized costs of $0.5 million, $0.4 million and $0.7 million in the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 
2019, and 2018. 

COVID-19 Pandemic Pay – In fiscal 2020, the Company communicated to all hourly employees that each 
would be entitled to the equivalent of two weeks, or 80 hours, of pandemic pay regardless of whether they 
experienced any interruption of employment. The Company recognized pandemic pay costs in Costs of goods 
sold on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations and accrued pandemic pay liability in Other 
accrued liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet of $4.8 million in the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2020. 

17.  STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION 

The Company has several programs for stock-based payments to employees and directors, including stock 
options and restricted stock. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded in General and administrative 
expenses, Selling expenses and Cost of goods sold in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense in the following line items on the Consolidated 
Statements of Operations for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Component of income before income taxes: 

Cost of goods sold 
Selling expenses 
General and administrative expenses 

Total stock-based compensation expense 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 

  $ 

897     $ 
426       
10,946       
12,269     $ 

317     $ 
180       
6,035       
6,532     $ 

179   
105   
6,837   
7,121   

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense by award type for the fiscal years ended 
March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Stock-based compensation expense: 
Equity-classified stock options 
Restricted stock 
Performance-based restricted stock units 
Non-employee director 

Total stock-based compensation expense 

2020 

2019 

2018 

2,554        
3,807        
4,682        
1,226        
  $  12,269      $ 

2,550        
2,064        
869        
1,049        
6,532      $ 

4,148   
1,741   
—   
1,232   
7,121   

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The following table summarizes the assumptions used in estimating the fair value of stock options: 

Common stock price 
Expected stock price volatility 
Risk-free interest rate 
Weighted-average expected 
   option life (years) 
Dividend yield 

2000 and 2013 Stock Options Plans 

2020 
$27.44 - $41.85 
30.1% - 30.9% 
1.4% - 2.3% 

2019 
$25.75 - $27.99 
30.3% - 31.1% 
2.9% - 3.1% 

2018 
$19.35 - $22.95 
32.1% - 35.6% 
1.9% - 2.2% 

6.0 
0.9% - 1.3% 

6.0 
1.1% - 1.2% 

5.6 - 6.0 
1.1% - 1.5% 

Equity classified stock option awards are measured based on the grant date estimated fair value of each award. 
Compensation expense for stock options is recognized on a straight-line basis over the employee’s requisite 
service period, which is generally the vesting period of the grant. The Company estimates the fair value of 
stock options using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model.     

2000 Plan - The Company’s 2000 stock option plan (“2000 Plan”) provided for the issuance of statutory and 
non-statutory stock options to management based upon the discretion of the Board of Directors. The plan 
generally provided for grants with the exercise price equal to fair value on the date of grant, which vest in 
three equal annual amounts beginning in year five and expire after approximately 10 years from issuance. The 
Company had no shares available for grant under the 2000 Plan as of March 31, 2020. 

The stock option activity for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 is summarized as follows: 

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Outstanding at beginning of year 

Granted 
Exercised 
Forfeited 

Outstanding at end of year 
Vested at end of year 
Unvested at end of year 
Fair value of options granted during the year 

All outstanding options are expected to vest. 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Term (in 
years) 

82     $ 
—       
(8 )     
(3 )     
71       
37       
34       
      $ 

14.64       
—       
13.87       
15.74       
14.69       
13.73       
15.74       
—       

4.3   
—   
—   
—   
3.4   
2.8   
4.0   

The following table summarizes information about the unvested stock option grants as of the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2020: 

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Unvested at beginning of year 

Granted 
Vested 
Forfeitures 

Unvested at end of year 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair Value   
6.76   
—   
8.72   
8.72   
8.72   

54      $ 
—        
(17 )      
(3 )      
34      $ 

As of March 31, 2020, there was a total of $0.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to 
unvested stock option awards under the 2000 plan that will be recognized as an expense as the awards vest 
over the remaining weighted average service period of 1.3 years.  

During the fiscal year end March 31, 2020, 0.1 million shares vested. No options vested during fiscal years 
ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. No options were granted during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 
2019, and 2018. The aggregate intrinsic value for options outstanding and currently exercisable as of 

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March 31, 2020 was $1.0 million and $0.6 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised 
during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $0.2 million, $0.8 million and $0.5 
million, respectively. 

2013 Plan - The Company’s 2013 stock option plan (“2013 Plan”) provided for the issuance of non-statutory 
common stock options to management subject to the Board’s discretion. The plan generally provided for 
grants with the exercise price equal to fair value on the date of grant. The grants generally vest in three to five 
equal annual amounts beginning in year one and expire after approximately 10 years from issuance. The 
Company had no shares available for grant under the 2013 Plan as of March 31, 2020. 

The stock option activity for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 is summarized as follows: 

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Outstanding at beginning of year 

Granted 
Exercised 
Forfeited 

Outstanding at end of year 
Vested at end of year 
Unvested at end of year 
Fair value of options granted during the year 

All outstanding options are expected to vest. 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Term (in 
years) 

1,120     $ 
—       
(555 )     
—       
565       
542       
23       
      $ 

16.81       
—       
14.11       
—       
19.45       
19.25       
24.12       
—       

4.9   
—   
—   
—   
4.7   
4.6   
6.0   

The following table summarizes information about the unvested stock option grants as of the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2020: 

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Unvested at beginning of year 

Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 

Unvested at end of year 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair Value   
7.68   
—   
7.80   
—   
7.20   

121      $ 
—        
(98 )      
—        
23      $ 

As of March 31, 2020, there was a total of $0.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to 
unvested stock option awards under the 2013 Plan that will be recognized as an expense as the awards vest 
over the remaining weighted average service period of 0.9 years. 

The aggregate intrinsic value for options outstanding and currently exercisable as of March 31, 2020 was $5.6 
million and $5.5 million, respectively. The total fair value of options that vested during the fiscal years ended 
March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 were $0.8 million, $2.6 million, and $4.7 million, respectively. The total 
intrinsic value of options exercised during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 was $13.2 million.    

2008 Restricted Stock Plan  

On September 16, 2008, the Board of Directors adopted the restricted stock plan, which provided for the 
issuance of restricted stock awards to certain key employees. The restricted stock generally vest ratably over a 
five-year period from the original restricted stock grant date, contingent on the employee’s continuous 
employment by ADS. Under the restricted stock plan, vested shares are considered issued and outstanding. 

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Employees with restricted stock have the right to dividends on the shares awarded (vested and unvested) in 
addition to voting rights on non-forfeited shares. 

The fair value of restricted stock is based on the fair value of the Company’s common stock. Compensation 
expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the employee’s requisite service period, which is generally 
the vesting period of the grant. 

The Company had no shares available for grant under this plan as of March 31, 2020. 

The information about the unvested restricted stock grants as of March 31, 2020 is as follows: 

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Unvested at beginning of year 

Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 

Unvested at end of year 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average 
Grant Date 
Fair Value 

44      $ 
—        
(37 )      
(1 )      
6      $ 

24.17   
—   
24.18   
24.20   
24.10   

The Company expects all restricted stock grants to vest. 

At March 31, 2020, there was approximately $0.1 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to 
the restricted stock that will be recognized over the weighted average remaining service period of 1.0 years. 
During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the total fair value of restricted stock that 
vested was $0.9 million, $1.4 million and $2.9 million, respectively. 

2017 Omnibus Plan 

On May 24, 2017, the Board of Directors approved the 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2017 Incentive 
Plan”) which was approved by the Company’s stockholders on July 17, 2017. The 2017 Incentive Plan 
provides for the issuance of a maximum of 3.5 million shares of the Company’s common stock for awards 
made thereunder, which awards may consist of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock 
appreciation rights, phantom stock, cash-based awards, performance awards (which may take the form of 
performance cash, performance units or performance shares) or other stock-based awards. The Company had 
approximately 1.8 million shares available for awards as of March 31, 2020. The 2017 Incentive Plan replaces 
the 2000 Incentive Stock Option Plan, 2008 Restricted Stock Plan, 2013 Stock Option Plan, and 2014 Non-
Employee Director Compensation Plan (the “Prior Plans”) and no further grants will be made under the prior 
plans. 

The stock option activity for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 is summarized as follows: 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Term (in 
years) 

457     $ 
336       
(8 )     
—       
785       
212       
573       

23.19       
27.51       
25.75       
—       
25.01       
22.04       
26.11       
8.02       

8.9   
—   
—   
—   
8.4   
7.7   
8.7   

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Outstanding at beginning of year 

Granted 
Exercised 
Forfeited 

Outstanding at end of year 
Vested at end of year 
Unvested at end of year 
Fair value of options granted during the year 

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All outstanding options are expected to vest. 

The following table summarizes information about the unvested stock option grants as of the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2020: 

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Unvested at beginning of year 

Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 

Unvested at end of year 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair Value   
7.19   
8.02   
7.01   
—   
7.73   

388      $ 
336        
(151 )      
—        
573      $ 

As of March 31, 2020, there was a total of $2.9 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to 
unvested stock option awards under the 2017 Incentive Plan that will be recognized as an expense as the 
awards vest over the remaining weighted average service period of 1.8 years. 

The aggregate intrinsic value for options outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2020 was $3.5 million 
and $1.6 million, respectively. There were 0.1 million options that were exercised during the fiscal year ended 
March 31, 2020. 

The information about the unvested restricted stock grants as of March 31, 2020 is as follows: 

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Unvested at beginning of year 

Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 

Unvested at end of year 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average 
Grant Date 
Fair Value 

172      $ 
308        
(90 )      
(2 )      
388      $ 

25.02   
31.96   
25.63   
27.13   
30.38   

At March 31, 2020, there was approximately $8.2 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to 
the restricted stock that will be recognized over the weighted average remaining service period of 2.1 years. 
The total fair value of restricted stock that vested during fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was $2.3 
million and $2.0 million, respectively. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, no restricted stock 
vested. 

The information about the performance units granted under the 2017 Omnibus Plan is as follows: 

(Share amounts in thousands) 
Unvested at beginning of year 

Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 

Unvested at end of year 

Number 
of Shares 

Weighted 
Average Grant 
Date Fair Value   
25.85   
33.27   
—   
—   
31.07   

115      $ 
274        
—        
—        
389      $ 

At March 31, 2020, there was approximately $9.6 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to 
the performance units that will be recognized over the weighted average remaining service period of 1.9 years. 
For the performance units, 50% of the award is based upon the achievement of certain levels of Return on 
Invested Capital for the performance period and 50% is based upon the achievement of certain levels of Free 
cash flow for the performance period. During fiscal year 2020, the Company modified the achievement levels 

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of the awards due to the Acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies. The modification did not result in any 
incremental compensation expense. The performance units have a 3-year performance period from April 1, 
2019 through March 31, 2022. The performance units, and any accrued dividend equivalents, will be settled in 
shares of the Company’s common stock, if the applicable performance and service conditions are satisfied.  

In addition to the performance units based on ADS performance, the Company issued performance units based 
on the achievements of other performance targets. During fiscal year 2020, the Company granted 0.1 million 
units with a grant date fair value of $2.9 million, subject to achieving predetermined synergies of the now 
consolidated legacy ADS business and Infiltrator Water Technologies. The Company further 
granted 0.1 million units with a grant date fair value of $2.7 million, subject to performance conditions of the 
Infiltrator Water Technologies reportable segment. For the performance units based on the Infiltrator Water 
Technologies reportable segment, 75% of the award is based upon the achievement of certain levels of 
Infiltrator Water Technologies Adjusted EBITDA for the performance period and 25% is based upon the 
achievement of certain levels of Infiltrator Water Technologies Free cash flow for the performance 
period. These two performance unit grants have a 3-year performance period from August 1, 2019 through 
March 31, 2022.  

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, the weighted average grant date fair value of 
performance units granted was $33.27 and $25.84, respectively. During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2020 
and 2019, the total fair value of performance units that vested was $0.0 million and $0.1 million. During the 
fiscal year ended March 31, 2018, no performance units vested. 

18.     INCOME TAXES 

The components of Income before income taxes for the fiscal years ended March 31 are as follows: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
United States 
Foreign 

Total 

2020 

  $  (186,209 )   $ 
6,595       
  $  (179,614 )   $ 

2019 
103,559     $ 
8,051       
111,610     $ 

2018 

72,109   
4,833   
76,942   

The components of Income tax expense for the fiscal years ended March 31 consisted of the following: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Current: 

Federal 
State and local 
Foreign 

Total current tax expense 

Deferred: 
Federal 
State and local 
Foreign 

Total deferred tax expense (benefit) 
Total Income tax expense 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 

10,867     $ 
4,655       
1,546       
17,068       

11,575     $ 
3,998       
2,050       
17,623       

17,107   
3,541   
2,242   
22,890   

210       
(1,228 )     
(1,958 )     
(2,976 )     
14,092     $ 

11,745       
1,795       
(1,114 )     
12,426       
30,049     $ 

(11,236 ) 
(55 ) 
(188 ) 
(11,479 ) 
11,411   

  $ 

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For the fiscal years ended March 31, the effective tax rate varied from the statutory Federal income tax rate as 
a result of the following factors: 

Federal statutory rate 
ESOP stock appreciation, ESOP dividends 
   and special dividend(a) 
Effect of tax rate of foreign subsidiaries 
State and local taxes—net of federal income 
   tax benefit 
Uncertain tax position change 
Impact of tax reform 
Equity-based compensation 
Return to provision - federal and state 
Qualified production activity deduction 
Executive compensation 
Net operating losses 
Credits and incentives 
Other 

Effective rate 

2020 

2019 

2018 

21.0 %      

21.0 %     

31.5 % 

(30.3 ) 
0.6   

3.2   
(0.3 )      

5.4   
0.7   

(1.7 ) 
1.2   
—   
1.1   
0.3   
—   
(0.8 ) 
1.9   
0.7   
(1.9 ) 
(7.9 )%     

4.6   
(1.3 )      
—   
(0.4 )      
(0.2 )      
—   
1.1   
—   
(1.0 )      
0.2   
26.9 %     

3.6   
0.3   
(19.4 ) 
0.5   
(5.0 ) 
(2.5 ) 
0.1   
—   
(0.5 ) 
0.1   
14.8 % 

(a)  This includes the special dividend paid in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 that resulted in $246.8 million in additional stock-based 
compensation. Of the total stock-based compensation expense and dividends paid, approximately $242.9 million related to non-
deductible stock appreciation and deductible dividends. This decreased the effective tax rate by 28.4%. See “Note 19. Net Income 
Per Share and Stockholders’ Equity” for additional information. 

As discussed in “Note 4. Acquisitions”, the Company acquired Infiltrator Water Technologies on July 31, 
2019. During the year ended March 31, 2020, as part of the purchase price, approximately $132.4 million was 
attributed to deferred tax liabilities. Of the $132.4 million, $82.3 million related to the step up of GAAP basis 
for fair market valuations, while the remaining $50.1 million were acquired deferred tax liabilities. Of the 
total $82.3 million, $80.2 million was attributed to intangibles. The Company also acquired a federal net 
operating loss of $24.0 million. 

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") was signed 
into law. The CARES Act provides that net operating losses arising in a tax year beginning in 2018, 2019, or 
2020 can be carried back five years. As a result, the Company has recognized an income tax benefit of $3.4 
million related to the federal net operating loss from the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies. The 
Company continues to evaluate the new law, and we do not expect either the U.S. or non-U.S. corporate 
income tax provisions of the CARES Act to have a material impact on our income tax (benefit) provision.  

 As of March 31, 2020, the Company has approximately $26.5 million of undistributed earnings that are 
intended to be reinvested indefinitely with the exception of cash dividends paid by our ADS Mexicana joint 
venture and the distribution paid by our Canadian subsidiary during the fiscal year. It is not practicable to 
estimate the amount of U.S. tax, which would primarily relate to withholding tax, that might be payable on 
the eventual remittance of such undistributed earnings. 

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The tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and 
deferred tax liabilities at March 31 were comprised of: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Deferred tax assets: 

Receivable and other allowances 
Inventory 
Stock-based compensation 
Worker’s compensation 
Net operating loss and credit carryforwards 
Operating lease liabilities 
Other 

Total deferred tax assets 
Less: valuation allowance 
Total net deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities: 
Intangible assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Operating lease assets 
Goodwill 
Other 

Total deferred tax liabilities 

Net deferred tax liability 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

1,122     $ 
2,065       
2,770       
2,317       
2,059       
6,160       
5,562       
22,055       
(941 )     
21,114       

121,276       
63,649       
6,147       
4,527       
600       
196,199       
175,085     $ 

1,546   
3,217   
3,186   
2,063   
152   
-   
4,673   
14,837   
(269 ) 
14,568   

2,512   
52,218   
-   
4,078   
1,385   
60,193   
45,625   

Net deferred tax assets and liabilities are included in Other assets and Deferred tax liabilities, respectively, on 
the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The related balances at March 31 were as follows: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Net non-current deferred tax assets 
Net non-current deferred tax liabilities 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

531      $ 
175,616        

338   
45,963   

As a result of the acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, the Company acquired state net operating 
losses (“NOLs”) and state credit carryforward attributes. The Company has recorded deferred tax assets 
related to state NOLs of $0.9 million as of March 31, 2020, with carryforward periods ranging from 5 to 20 
years. Any losses not utilized within a specific state’s carryforward period will expire. A valuation allowance 
has been recorded against $0.1 million of these deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2020 for state NOLs that 
the Company does not expect to realize within their respective carryforward periods. Tax benefits associated 
with state tax credits will also expire if not utilized and amounted to $0.8 million at March 31, 2020. A 
valuation allowance in the amount of $0.5 million has been established related to state credits the Company 
does not expect to utilize. 

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Deferred tax assets related to foreign NOLs were $0.3 million as of March 31, 2020 with carryforward periods 
ranging from 20 years to indefinite carryforward periods. Any losses not utilized within a specific 
carryforward period will expire. A valuation allowance has been recorded against $0.1 million of these 
deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2020 for foreign NOLs that the Company does not expect to realize within 
their respective carryforward periods. 

Accounting for Uncertain Tax Positions 

As of March 31, 2020, The Company had unrecognized tax benefit of $3.3 million, which if resolved 
favorably, would reduce income tax expense by $3.3 million. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending 
amounts of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 is as follows: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Balance at beginning of year 

Tax positions taken in current year 
Decreases in tax positions for prior years 
Increases in tax positions for prior years 
Settlements 
Lapse of statute of limitations 
Foreign translation adjustment 

Balance at end of year 

2020 

2019 

2018 

5,681     $ 
—       
(1,398 )     
1,907       
(124 )     
(2,589 )     
(134 )     
3,343     $ 

7,593     $ 
164       
(198 )     
136       
(200 )     
(1,595 )     
(219 )     
5,681     $ 

6,196   
81   
—   
5,108   
—   
(3,940 ) 
148   
7,593   

  $ 

  $ 

The short-term portion of the unrecognized tax benefit of $1.5 million at March 31, 2020 is recorded in Other 
Accrued liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. The long-term portion of unrecognized tax 
benefits are recorded in Other liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. These amounts 
include potential accrued interest and penalties of $0.8 million and $1.5 million at March 31, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively. 

The Company believes that over the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that up to $1.5 million of 
unrecognized tax benefits could be resolved as the result of settlements of audits and the expiration of statutes 
of limitation. Final settlement of these issues may result in payments that are more or less than this amount, 
but the Company does not anticipate that the resolution of these matters will result in a material change to its 
consolidated financial position or results of operations. 

The Company is currently open to audit under the statute of limitations by the IRS for the fiscal years ended 
March 31, 2017 through March 31, 2020. The majority of the Company’s state income tax returns are open to 
audit under the statute of limitations for the years ended March 31, 2016 through March 31, 2020. The foreign 
income tax returns are open to audit under the statute of limitations for the years ended March 31, 2016 
through March 31, 2020. 

19.  NET INCOME PER SHARE AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Basic net income per share is calculated by dividing the Net income available to common stockholders by the 
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for 
common stock equivalents. Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing the Net income available to 
common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common stock equivalents outstanding for the 
period. 

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Holders of certain unvested restricted stock have non-forfeitable rights to dividends when declared on 
common stock, and holders of redeemable convertible preferred stock participate in dividends on an as-
converted basis when declared on common stock. As a result, unvested restricted stock and redeemable 
convertible preferred stock meet the definition of participating securities, which requires us to apply the two-
class method to compute both basic and diluted net income per share. The two-class method is an earnings 
allocation formula that treats participating securities as having rights to earnings that would otherwise have 
been available to common stockholders. 

The dilutive effect of stock options and unvested restricted stock is based on the more dilutive of the treasury 
stock method or the diluted two-class method. In computing diluted net income per share, income available to 
common stockholders used in the basic net income per share calculation (numerator) is adjusted, subject to 
sequencing rules, for certain adjustments that would result from the assumed issuance of potential common 
shares. After the effective date of the IPO, management’s intent is to share settle; therefore, these shares are 
included in the calculation from July 26, 2014 through March 31, 2020, if dilutive. For purposes of the 
calculation of diluted net income per share, stock options and unvested restricted stock are considered to be 
potential common stock and are only included in the calculations when their effect is dilutive. 

The Company’s redeemable common stock is included in the weighted-average number of common shares 
outstanding for calculating basic and diluted net income per share. 

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The following table presents information necessary to calculate net income per share for the fiscal years ended 
March 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, as well as potentially dilutive securities excluded from the weighted average 
number of diluted common shares outstanding because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive: 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) 
NET INCOME PER SHARE — BASIC: 
Net (loss) income attributable to ADS 
Adjustment for: 

Dividends paid to redeemable convertible 
   preferred stockholders 
Dividends paid to unvested restricted 
   stockholders 

Net income available to common stockholders 
   and participating securities 

Undistributed income allocated to participating 
   securities 

Net income available to common 
   stockholders — Basic 
Weighted average number of common shares 
   outstanding — Basic 

Net (loss) income per common share — 
   Basic 

NET INCOME PER SHARE — 
   DILUTED: 
Net income available to common 
   stockholders — Diluted 
Weighted average number of common shares 
   outstanding — Basic 

Assumed restricted stock - nonparticipating 
Assumed exercise of stock options 

Weighted average number of common shares 
   outstanding — Diluted 

Net (loss) income per common share — 
   Diluted 

Potentially dilutive securities excluded as anti- 
   dilutive 

2020 

2019 

2017 

  $  (193,174 )   $ 

77,772     $ 

62,007   

(11,206 )     

(2,047 )     

(1,858 ) 

(338 )     

(69 )     

(49 ) 

(204,718 )     

75,656       

60,100   

—       

(5,474 )     

(4,514 ) 

(204,718 )     

70,182       

55,586   

63,820       

57,025       

55,696   

  $ 

(3.21 )   $ 

1.23     $ 

1.00   

(204,718 )     

70,182       

55,586   

63,820       
—       
—       

57,025       
39       
547       

55,696   
—   
638   

63,820       

57,611       

56,334   

  $ 

(3.21 )   $ 

1.22     $ 

0.99   

14,449       

5,966       

6,167   

Common Stock Offering – On September 10, 2019, the Company issued and sold an aggregate 
of 10,350,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, which included the full exercise of the 
underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares, at a price of $29.75 per share, before underwriting 
discounts and commissions. The common stock was sold pursuant to the Company’s shelf registration 
statement and related prospectus supplement. The Company received proceeds of $293.6 million from the 
issuance after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. The Company used 
the net proceeds for the repayment of a portion of the outstanding borrowings under the Senior Secured Credit 
Facility. 

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Stockholders’ Equity - The Company did not repurchase any shares of common stock during fiscal years 2020 
and 2019. In February 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to 
$50 million of ADS common stock in accordance with applicable securities laws. As of March 31, 2020, 
approximately $42.1 million of common stock may be repurchased under the authorization. The repurchase 
program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock and may be 
suspended or terminated at any time at the Company’s discretion. 

Special Dividend and the Employees Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) - During fiscal year ended March 31, 
2020, the Board of Directors approved a special cash dividend of $1.00 per share and quarterly dividends of 
$0.09 per share. The special and quarterly dividend were paid to all stockholders on June 14, 2019 to 
stockholders of record at the close of business on June 3, 2019. The total dividend payment was $81.6 million. 
The dividends received by the unallocated redeemable convertible preferred stock held in the ESOP trust was 
used to pay $12.0 million of the ESOP loan back to the Company resulting in approximately 11.6 million 
shares of the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock being allocated to ESOP participants. The 
Company recognized $246.8 million in stock-based compensation expense based on the fair value on the date 
the Board of Directors approved the special dividend. The Board of Director’s approval committed the ESOP 
to use those proceeds to pay down the ESOP loan. The special dividend compensation expense was 
recognized in Cost of goods sold - ESOP special dividend compensation and Selling, general and 
administrative expenses - ESOP special dividend compensation on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of 
Operations. The Company’s ESOP is further described in “Note 16. Employee Benefit Plans”. 

20.  OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES 

Other accrued liabilities as of fiscal years ended March 31 consisted of the following:  

(Amounts in thousands) 
Accrued compensation and benefits(1) 
Accrued rebate liability(2) 
Lease liability - Operating leases 
Self-insurance accruals 
Other 

Total accrued liabilities 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

33,215      $ 
14,479        
7,757        
12,486        
33,179        
101,116      $ 

18,108   
12,313   
—   
11,697   
19,783   
61,901   

(1)  Accrued compensation and benefits is primarily comprised of accrued payroll, bonuses and commissions. 
(2)  Accrued rebate liability represents the Company’s estimated rebates to be paid to customers. 

21.  BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION 

Following the Acquisition of Infiltrator Water Technologies, the Company revised its reportable segments to 
reflect how the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) currently reviews financial information and 
makes operational decisions. After the Acquisition, ADS operates its business in three distinct reportable 
segments: “Pipe”, “International” and “Infiltrator Water Technologies.” “Allied Products & Other” represents 
the Company’s Allied Products and all other business segments. “Pipe” and “Allied Products & Other” were 
previously included as Domestic. With the change in reportable segments, the CODM is now evaluating 
segment reporting based on Net Sales and Segment Adjusted Gross Profit. The Company calculated Segment 
Adjusted Gross Profit as net sales less costs of goods sold, depreciation and amortization, stock-based 
compensation, non-cash charges and certain other expenses. A measure of assets is not applicable, as segment 
assets are not regularly reviewed by the CODM for evaluating performance or allocating resources. The prior 
period segment results and related disclosures have been recast to conform to the current year presentation. 

Pipe – The Pipe segment manufactures and markets high performance thermoplastic corrugated pipe 
throughout the United States. The Company maintains and serves these markets through product distribution 
relationships with many of the largest national and independent waterworks distributors, buying groups and 
co-ops, major national retailers as well as an extensive network of hundreds of small to medium-sized 
distributors across the U.S. 

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Products include single wall pipe, N-12 HDPE pipe sold into the Storm sewer, Infrastructure and Agriculture 
markets, High Performance polypropylene pipe sold into the Storm sewer, Infrastructure and sanitary sewer 
markets. Products are designed primarily for storm water management in the construction and infrastructure 
marketplace across a broad range of end markets and applications, including non-residential, residential, 
agriculture and infrastructure. Products are manufactured using HDPE and polypropylene plastic material. 

Infiltrator Water Technologies – Infiltrator Water Technologies is a leading national provider of plastic 
leach field chambers and systems, septic tanks and accessories, primarily for use in residential applications. 
Infiltrator Water Technologies products are used in on-site septic wastewater treatment systems in the United 
States and Canada. 

International – The International segment manufactures and markets pipe and allied products in certain 
regions outside of the United States, including Company owned facilities in Canada, subsidiaries that 
distribute to Europe and the Middle East, exports and through the Company’s joint ventures with local 
partners in Mexico and South America. The Company’s Mexican joint venture, ADS Mexicana, primarily 
serves the Mexican and Central American markets, while its South American Joint Venture, Tigre-ADS, is 
the primary channel to serve the South American markets. The Company’s International product lines include 
single wall pipe, N-12 HDPE pipe, high performance PP pipe and certain geographies also sell our broad line 
of Allied Products & Other. 

Allied Products & Other – Allied Products & Other manufactures and markets products throughout the 
United States. Products include StormTech, Nyloplast, ARC Septic Chambers, Inserta Tee, BaySaver filters 
and water quality structures, Fittings, and FleXstorm. The Company maintains and serves these markets 
through product distribution relationships with many of the largest national and independent waterworks 
distributors, major national retailers as well as an extensive network of hundreds of small to medium-sized 
distributors across the U.S. The Company also sells through a broad variety of buying groups and co-ops in 
the United States. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

The following table sets forth reportable segment information with respect to the amount of Net sales 
contributed by each class of similar products for the fiscal years ended March 31: 

2020 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 

International - Pipe 
International - Allied Products & Other 

Total International 
Allied Products & Other 
Intersegment Eliminations 
Total Consolidated 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 

International - Pipe 
International - Allied Products & Other 

Total International 
Allied Products & Other 
Intersegment Eliminations 
Total Consolidated 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 

International - Pipe 
International - Allied Products & Other 

Total International 
Allied Products & Other 
Intersegment Eliminations 
Total Consolidated 

   Net Sales 
  $  954,633     $ 
211,005       

Intersegment 
Net Sales 

Net Sales from 
External 
Customers 

(2,030 )   $ 
(41,657 )     

952,603   
169,348   

108,624       
39,957       
148,581       
403,273       
(43,687 )     
  $  1,673,805     $ 

—       
—       
—       
—       
43,687       

108,624   
39,957   
148,581   
403,273   
—   
—     $  1,673,805   

2019 

Intersegment 
Net Sales 

Net Sales from 
External 
Customers 

   Net Sales 
  $  868,805     $ 
—       

122,836       
37,766       
160,602       
355,326       
—       
  $  1,384,733     $ 

2018 

   Net Sales 
  $  844,875     $ 
—       

—     $ 
—       

868,805   
—   

122,836   
—       
37,766   
—       
160,602   
—       
355,326   
—       
—       
—   
—     $  1,384,733   

—     $ 
—       

844,875   
—   

119,207   
—       
36,715   
—       
155,922   
—       
329,557   
—       
—       
—   
—     $  1,330,354   

Intersegment 
Net Sales 

Net Sales from 
External 
Customers 

119,207       
36,715       
155,922       
329,557       
—       
  $  1,330,354     $ 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

The following sets forth certain financial information attributable to the reportable segments for the fiscal 
years ended March 31: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Segment adjusted gross profit 

Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 
Allied Products & Other 
Intersegment Elimination 

Total 

Depreciation and amortization 

Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 
Allied Products & Other(a) 

Total 

Capital expenditures 

Pipe 
Infiltrator Water Technologies 
International 
Allied Products & Other(a) 

Total 

2020 

2019 

2018 

239,531      $ 
98,245        
36,999        
201,206        
(1,895 )     
574,086      $ 

191,002     $ 
—       
37,191       
168,729       
—       
396,922     $ 

186,330   
—   
31,725   
155,166   
—   
373,221   

46,611      $ 
7,159        
6,013        
65,157        
124,940      $ 

33,629      $ 
24,917        
2,623        
6,508        
67,677      $ 

49,419      $ 
—        
5,938        
16,543        
71,900     $ 

34,878      $ 
—        
3,765        
4,769        
43,412     $ 

51,236   
—   
6,431   
17,336   
75,003   

32,393   
—   
2,147   
7,169   
41,709   

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

(a)  Includes depreciation and amortization and capital expenditures not allocated to a reportable segment. 
The amortization expense of Infiltrator Water Technologies intangible assets acquired is included in 
Allied Products & Other. 

Reconciliation of Gross Profit to Segment Adjusted Gross profit 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted Gross Profit: 

2020 

2019 

2018 

Total Gross Profit 
Depreciation and amortization 
ESOP and stock-based compensation expense 
ESOP special dividend compensation 
COVID-19 Related Expenses (a) 
Inventory step up related to 
   Infiltrator Water Technologies acquisition 
Total Segment Adjusted Gross Profit 

  $ 

316,479      $ 
62,225        
14,319        
168,610        
4,573        

326,967     $ 
59,164       
10,791       
—       
—       

302,481   
62,113   
8,627   
—   
—   

7,880        
574,086      $ 

—       
396,922     $ 

—   
373,221   

  $ 

(a)  Represents the Company’s pandemic pay expense included in Gross profit in connection with the 

Company’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic, see “Note 16. Employee Benefit Plans” for additional 
information. 

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

Geographic Sales and Assets Information 

Net sales are attributed to the geographic location based on the location of the customer. The table below 
represents the Net sales and long-lived asset information by geographic location for each of the fiscal years 
ended March 31: 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Net Sales 

North America 
Other 

Total 

(Amounts in thousands) 
Long-Lived Assets (a) 
North America 
Other 

Total 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $  1,655,219     $  1,366,470     $  1,313,917   
16,437   
  $  1,673,805     $  1,384,733     $  1,330,354   

18,263       

18,586       

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

488,125      $ 
9,250        
497,375      $ 

401,276   
10,467   
411,743   

(a)  For segment reporting purposes, long-lived assets include Investments in unconsolidated affiliates, 

Central parts and Property, plant and equipment. 

22.  SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information for the fiscal years ended March 31 were as follows: 
(Amounts in thousands) 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow 
   information — cash paid during years: 

2020 

2019 

2018 

Interest 
Income taxes 

  $ 

41,290     $ 
8,710       

15,679     $ 
29,841       

17,890   
24,510   

(Amounts in thousands) 
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing 
   and financing activities: 

Redeemable convertible preferred stock dividend 
Purchases of plant, property, and equipment 
   included in accounts payable 
ESOP distributions in common stock 
Lease obligation retired upon disposition of 
   leased assets 
Contribution of net accounts receivable to 
   the South American Joint Venture 
Payable recorded for business acquisition 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 

359     $ 

134     $ 

134   

1,588       
13,109       

1,255       
8,609       

1,258   
11,566   

799       

578       

636   

—       
—       

—       
—       

2,785   
300   

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23.  QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) 

The following tables set forth certain historical unaudited consolidated condensed quarterly financial 
information for each of the quarters during the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. In the Company’s 
opinion, the unaudited quarterly financial information reflects all normal and recurring accruals and 
adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of net income for interim periods.  

Fiscal 2020 
For the Three Months Ended 

(in thousands, except per share amounts) 
Net sales 
Gross profit 
Net income (loss) 
Net income (loss) attributable to ADS 
Net (loss) income per share 

Basic (1) 
Diluted (1) 

(in thousands, except per share amounts) 
Net sales 
Gross profit 
Net income 
Net income attributable to ADS 
Net income per share 

Basic (1) 
Diluted (1) 

March 
31, 2020      

December 
31, 2019      

September 

30, 2019      

June 30, 
2019 

  $  370,768     $  393,424     $  495,905     $  413,708   
(62,158 ) 
     108,755        123,358        146,524       
8,462        (227,451 ) 
7,589        (226,356 ) 

23,659       
23,288       

3,533       
2,305       

  $ 
  $ 

0.01     $ 
0.01     $ 

0.28     $ 
0.28     $ 

0.10     $ 
0.10     $ 

(4.06 ) 
(4.06 ) 

Fiscal 2019 
For the Three Months Ended 

March 
31, 2019      

December 
31, 2018      

September 

30, 2018      

June 30, 
2018 

  $  272,218     $  318,113     $  406,555     $  387,847   
99,691   
33,651   
32,280   

95,373       
29,372       
28,670       

72,399       
16,550       
15,812       

59,504       
1,893       
1,010       

  $ 
  $ 

0.01     $ 
0.01     $ 

0.25     $ 
0.25     $ 

0.45     $ 
0.45     $ 

0.51   
0.51   

(1) The earnings per share calculations for each quarter are based upon the applicable weighted average shares 
outstanding for each period and may not necessarily be equal to the full year share amount.  

24.  SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

Dividends on Common Stock - During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company declared a quarterly cash 
dividend of $0.09 per share of common stock. The dividend is payable on June 15, 2020 to stockholders of 
record at the close of business on June 1, 2020. 

* * * * * *  

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Advanced Drainage Systems, Inc. 

SCHEDULE II 

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES 

Consolidated Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the Fiscal Years Ended March 31, 2020, 
2019 and 2018 (in thousands): 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: 

Year ended March 31, 
2020 
2019 
2018 

Balance at 
beginning 
of period      
  $  7,653     $ 
6,826       
     10,431       

Charged 
to 
costs and 
expenses (1)     

Charged 
to 
other 
accounts (2)     

Deductions 
(3) 

Balance at 
end of 
period 

(24 )   $ 
1,154       
503       

(234 )   $  (2,360 )   $  5,035   
7,653   
(262 )     
6,826   
(3,717 )     

(65 )     
(391 )     

(1)  Amount for the year ended March 31, 2020 includes $0.4 million due to the Acquisition. 
(2)  Amounts represent the impact of foreign currency translation. 
(3)  Amounts includes the release of a $3.0 million allowance related to the South American Joint Venture capital 

contribution. See “Note 11. Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliates” for additional information. 

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About Advanced 
Drainage Systems, Inc.

Advanced Drainage Systems is a leading provider of innovative water management solutions in 
the stormwater and on-site septic wastewater industries, providing superior drainage solutions 
for use in the construction and agriculture marketplace. For over 50 years, the Company has been 
manufacturing a variety of innovative and environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional 
materials. Its innovative products are used across a broad range of end markets and applications, 
including non-residential, residential, infrastructure and agriculture applications. The Company has 
established a leading position in many of these end markets by leveraging its national sales and 
distribution platform, overall product breadth and scale and manufacturing excellence. Founded 
in 1966, the Company operates a global network of 64 manufacturing plants and 32 distribution 
centers. To learn more about ADS, please visit the Company’s website at www.ads-pipe.com.

ADS Annual Report 2020 /  13

Advanced Drainage System, Inc.
4640 Trueman Blvd.
Hilliard, OH 43026

www.ads-pipe.com

14

/ ADS Annual Report 2020