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African Energy Resources
Annual Report 2020

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FY2020 Annual Report · African Energy Resources
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Annual Report   2020

African Energy Resources Limited 

                         Annual Report 2020 

Corporate Directory 

Directors 

Alasdair Cooke 
Charles (Frazer) Tabeart 
Valentine Chitalu 
Vincent Masterton-Hume 
John Dean 
Gregory Fry (Retired 15 July 2020) 

Executive Chairman 
Executive Director and CEO  
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

Company Secretary 

Daniel Davis 

Registered Office 

Granite House, La Grande Rue 
St Martin, Guernsey GY1 3RS 

Representative Office in Australia  

Suite 1, 245 Churchill Avenue 
Subiaco, Western Australia, 6008 

Share Register 

Stock Exchange Listing 

Auditor 

Solicitors 

Bankers 

Link Market Services Limited 
Level 4 Central Park 152 St Georges 
Terrace 
Perth, Western Australia, 6000 

Australian Securities Exchange (ASX: 
AFR) 

BDO Audit (WA) Pty Limited 
38 Station Street 
Subiaco, Western Australia, 6008 

Fairweather Corporate Lawyers 
595 Stirling Highway  
Cottesloe, Western Australia, 6011 

Westpac Banking Corporation 
Level 6, 109 St Georges Terrace 
Perth WA 6000 

Website 

www.africanenergyresources.com 

Table of Contents 

Chief Executive’s Letter……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 
Sese Joint Venture…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 
Mmamabula West and Mmamantswe Coal Projects………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 
Tenement Schedule…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 
Annual Statement of Mineral Resources……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 
Financial Report………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

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4 
6 
7 
8 
9 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                         Annual Report 2020 

Chief Executive’s Letter 

Dear Shareholder, 

Your Company, African Energy, remains fully focused on its Botswana energy portfolio, with an emphasis on developing the Sese JV 
as a low-cost integrated coal mine and power station. The Sese JV is jointly owned by First Quantum Minerals Ltd (FQML, 66.7%) and 
African Energy (33.3%) and is managed by First Quantum. Negotiations for a Generation and Export Licence, power sales agreements 
and grid connection and transmission agreements continued throughout the year, leading to significant progress in several key areas, 
specifically: 

• 
• 

Executed a cornerstone Power Sales Agreement for 100MW delivered to First Quantum’s copper operations in Zambia,  
Signed a Terms Sheet for a power sales agreement delivering 150MW to Zimasco’s ferro-chrome operations in Zimbabwe, 
and 

•  Was awarded a Generation Licence for an initial 225MW of power.  

The award of the Generation Licence is a significant step as all key permits for the project have now been received. To meet the 
requirements of the power sales agreements the project plans to install gross generation capacity of approximately 300MW (2 x 
150MW units) as the first stage. The Company is seeking an amendment to the Generation Licence for an increase to 300MW to align 
it with these power sales agreements. 

With  significant  infrastructure  investment  available  through  China’s  Belt  and  Road  Initiative,  the  Sese  JV  remains  engaged  with 
potential development partners to explore avenues for project funding and technical and construction expertise relevant to major 
power investments. 

In addition to the direct power sales agreements to industrial end-users such as those noted above, regional power utilities remain 
unable to meet their domestic power demands due to a lack of generation capacity or poor availability of existing power plants. All 
regional  power  utilities  are  under  severe  financial  hardship  and  are  thus  unable  to  finance  new  power  stations  themselves:  this 
provides  opportunities  for  new,  low-cost  independent  power  generators  to  sell  power  on  a  long-term  basis.  African  Energy  can 
become such an independent power producer via its interest in the Sese JV, and is pursuing these opportunities as part of its business 
development strategy. 

In addition to the Company’s energy portfolio, African Energy continues to evaluate opportunities for diversification, particularly 
around  the  battery  metals/electric  vehicles  theme,  building  on  its  investment  in  ASX  listed  Caravel  Minerals.  African  Energy  is 
currently the largest shareholder in Caravel which owns the Calingiri copper deposit in Western Australia and the Company remains 
alert to further opportunities which may complement this investment. 

African Energy carries no debt and has very low corporate overheads. Coupled with a strong development partner at the Sese JV 
Project, a high-quality portfolio, and a robust power market in southern Africa, the Company remains well placed to develop major 
power projects for the region. 

Frazer Tabeart 
Executive Director and CEO

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                         Annual Report 2020 

Sese Joint Venture 

INTRODUCTION 

The  Sese  JV  Project  in  Botswana  is  situated  very  close  to  the 
interconnected  regional  transmission  grid  (Figure  1),  and  can 
produce and export secure, low cost base-load power. During the 
year,  the  Sese  JV  made  significant  progress  in  completing 
permitting  requirements  for  the  Sese  Power  Project  and  in 
securing agreements related to power sales from the first stage 
of the project. 

Figure 1. Location of African Energy’s Botswana coal and power projects 
and the existing and planned regional transmission interconnectors 

Key regional power markets in Zambia, Botswana, Zimbabwe and 
South Africa are also of relevance to African Energy. As reported 
in  2019,  all  four  countries  are  experiencing  domestic  supply 
constraints for a variety of reasons, providing a robust market for 
new energy projects.  

In previous years, surplus power from South Africa was available 
as low-cost imports to shore-up deficits in neighbouring 
countries. South Africa’s current supply side concerns, causing 
widespread and well-publicised unscheduled power cuts, mean 
this is no longer the case except on an emergency, high-cost 
basis. The result is widespread load shedding throughout the 
region, with power cuts ranging from 4 to 18 hours per day, 
along with continued upward pressure on power tariffs. This 
provides opportunities for the See JV to offer reliable and 
affordable power sales to affected utilities. 

SESE JV PROJECT 

responsible  for  arranging  the  funds  required  to  build  the  Sese 
integrated  power  project  and  will  loan  carry  African  Energy’s 
residual interest through to commercial production. During the 
year African Energy agreed that its JV interest will remain at 33% 
and it will contribute pro rata to ongoing development costs.  

The  Sese  JV  partners  have  completed  several  technical  studies 
covering  mining,  coal  preparation  and  power  generation.  A 
conceptual  study  of  the  proposed  power  station  layout  and 
design along with power station fuel specification development 
and  coal  combustion  tests  have  determined  that  Sese  coal  is  a 
suitable  fuel  for  all  common  power  station  boiler  technologies 
and  can  readily  meet  the  required  air  quality  and  emissions 
standards set in the environmental approvals for the project. 

in  staged  225MW  to  300MW 

These studies have also established the operating costs, capital 
costs  and  a  robust  financial  model  for  the  development  of  a 
increments. 
power  project 
Assessment  of  the  associated  coal  mine  and  coal  processing 
facilities  have  demonstrated  that  power  from  Sese  could  be 
delivered  to  the  Zambian  Copperbelt  where  FQML  operates  a 
large  copper  mining  and  smelting  business  and  to  other  large 
power consumers in the region. 

In the last year the Company has made significant progress with 
power sales agreements related to Stage 1 (300MW): 

• 

• 

A cornerstone Power Sales Agreement has been signed with 
Zambian subsidiaries of FQML for the purchase of 100MW 
of power delivered to their Zambian copper operations for a 
period of 15 years. FQML is the largest consumer of power 
in Zambia.  

A Power Sales Term Sheet, as a precursor to a Power Sales 
Agreement,  has  been  executed  between  the  Sese  JV  and 
Zimasco (Pvt) Ltd (“Zimasco”) for the purchase of 150MW of 
power  for  15  years.  Zimasco  is  Zimbabwe’s  largest  ferro-
chrome mining and smelting business and is 100% owned by 
Sinosteel.  It  is  the  largest  industrial  consumer  of  power  in 
Zimbabwe.  

The Sese Joint Venture is engaged with prospective partners for 
financing and construction of the project and is progressing these 
negotiations.  Negotiations  to  date  have  focussed  on  an  initial 
installed  capacity  of  300MW  gross  (2  x  150MW  units),  which 
would produce approximately 260MW of net power available for 
sale. After allowing for transmission losses, the two power sales 
agreements noted above will consume the full output of the first 
300MW stage.  

The Sese Project is receiving strong interest from other potential 
energy  buyers  and  is  well  placed  to  satisfy  this  demand  and 
provide  a  valuable  addition  to  the  southern  African  energy 
market.  

The  project  has  secured  the  majority  of  licences,  permits  and 
stakeholder  approvals  that  are  required  for  such  an  operation 
(see Figure 2), including: 

First  Quantum  Minerals  Ltd  (FQML)  became  a  majority  equity 
partner at the Sese Joint Venture in 2014 and have since directly 
invested  >AUD  $17m  for  a  67%  project  interest.  FQML  is 

• 

In  2020,  the  Botswana  Energy  Regulatory  Authority  issued 
an electricity generation license (“Generation Licence”) for 
the proposed 300MW Sese Coal and Power Project. 

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• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

The  Generation  Licence  allows  the  Sese  Power  Project  to 
export and sell 225MW of power for 15 years to the Zambian 
subsidiaries  of  FQML,  Zimasco  (Pvt)  Limited  in  Zimbabwe 
and  residual/surplus  power  to  members  of  the  Southern 
African Power Pool.  

• 

A  Development  Approval  Order  which  sets  the  fiscal 
framework for the project, including a 5-year tax holiday 
from  the  commencement  of  commercial  operations 
followed  by  a  15%  corporate  tax  rate  on  power 
generation. 

The Generation Licence can be increased to 300MW upon 
written  application  as  per  the  Botswana  Electricity 
Regulatory Authority Act. 

A large-scale mining licence has been granted for an initial 
period of 25-years over an area of ~51 km2 which contains 
650Mt of coal. 

Environmental  approval  for  up  to  500MW  of  power 
generation  and  the  associated  coal  mining  and  coal 
processing volumes. 

Land  Rights  and  an  associated  50-year  Land  Lease 
Agreement. 

A Water Supply Agreement relating to extraction rights from 
Shashe Dam, and 

The Sese JV now has all key licenses and permits required to 
develop  an  integrated  coal  and  power  project  in  Botswana. 
The main remaining commercial documents required for the 
project  include  Grid  Connection,  Transmission,  and  Use  of 
System  agreements  with  the  power  utilities  in  Botswana, 
Zimbabwe and Zambia. 

The advanced nature of the Sese JV and the robust market for 
power sales in the region make this a candidate for evaluation 
under China’s Belt and Road Initiative which plans to invest up 
to  US  $30B 
large  scale 
infrastructure projects. The Sese JV has continued discussions 
with  several  parties  who  may  be  able  to  provide  financial, 
technical and construction assistance for the Project. 

in  Africa,  predominantly 

into 

Figure 2. Sese JV license areas and main project elements 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                         Annual Report 2020 

Mmamabula West and Mmamantswe Coal Projects 

African  Energy  also  owns 
Mmamantswe coal projects in Botswana (Figure 3). 

the  Mmamabula  West  and 

•  Undertake a review the Life-of-Mine (LOM) schedule 
and  reserve  statement  for  the  A-Seam  based  on  the 
current resource statement.  

Mmamabula West Project, Botswana (AFR 100%)  

The  2,935Mt  Mmamabula  West  project  contains  high  quality 
coal in two 4m to 6m thick seams (A-Seam and K-Seam) which 
are 100-150m below surface and are amenable to conventional 
underground mining. The project is situated 65km west of the 
main railway line in Botswana which provides access to local and 
regional coal markets (Figure 3).

A prefeasibility study on the extraction of the high-quality lower 
A-Seam was completed for the project in 2014 and determined 
that conventional underground mining could produce a variety 
of  products  for  coal  export  or  power  generation  at  highly 
competitive prices, and that this coal could be readily trucked to 
a rail loading station on the main Botswana railway line. African 
Energy  has  developed  coal  specifications  for  several  different 
coal  products,  including  high  quality  export  coals  and  coal 
suitable for use in South African power stations. 

PL56/2005  (Mmamabula  West  Prospecting  Licence)  was  valid 
until  30  September  2019.  An  application  for  a  two-year 
extension was submitted on 10 September 2019. The license is 
yet to be renewed, and the Company remains engaged with the 
Botswana Dept. of Mines to seek a timely renewal of this licence.  

Upon renewal of this licence, African Energy intends to: 

to  meet  Eskom  power 

•  Update the mining prefeasibility study to reflect a coal 
station 
specification 
requirements,  a  revised  LOM  mining  schedule  and 
current capital and operating cost estimates.  
Continue  negotiations  with  potential  South  African 
BEE partners seeking to invest in the project. 
Finalise 
Impact 
the  Environmental  and  Social 
Assessment  submission  for  an  integrated  coal  mine 
and power station of up to 600MW 

• 

• 

Mmamantswe Integrated Power Project, Botswana (AFR 100%)  

Mmamantswe contains 1.24Bt of thermal coal close to the South 
African border. Several studies on coal preparation and power 
station design were completed by the previous project owner, 
including grid integration studies for power sales into the South 
African  grid.  These  studies  indicated  that  the  coal  quality  and 
coal geometry is suitable for the development of a mine-mouth 
power station and integrated coal mine but requires a large off-
taker for ~600MW to be viable. The project is only 20km from 
the  South  African  border  and  is  close  to  the  regional  power 
transmission grid and planned grid expansions into South Africa 
(refer to Figure 3). 

The  Botswana  Department  of  Mines 
issued  a  three-year 
extension of the Mmamantswe Prospecting Licence PL69/2007 
in March 2019. The licence is valid until 31 December 2021.  

Figure  3.  Location  of  the  Mmamabula  West  and  Mmamantswe  coal  projects  with  respect  to  key 
infrastructure elements in Botswana and northern South Africa.

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                    Annual Report 2020 

Tenement Schedule  

Project Name 

Tenement 
Name 

Tenement Holder 

Licence 
Number 

Equity 

Area  
(sq km) 

Date 
Granted 

Current 
Expiry Date 

Sese 

Sese 

Sese 

Sese 

Sese ML 

Sese Power Subsidiary 

ML2016/42L 

33% 

(Pty) Ltd 

Sese 

African Energy Resources 

PL 96/2005 

33% 

Botswana (Pty) Ltd 

51 

95 

22-Mar-17 

31-Jan-42 

26-Jul-05 

30-Sep-21 

Sese West 

African Energy Resources 

PL197/2007 

33% 

131 

01-Oct-07 

30-Sep-21 

Botswana (Pty) Ltd 

Foley North 

African Energy Resources 

PL004/2013 

33% 

774 

01-Jan-13 

30 Sep-20* 

Botswana (Pty) Ltd 

Mmamantswe 

Mmamantswe 

Mmamantswe Coal (Pty) 

PL069/2007 

100% 

453 

01-Jul-12 

31-Dec 21 

Ltd 

Mmamabula West 

Mmamabula West 

Phokoje Power (Pty) Ltd 

PL56/2005 

100% 

293 

01-July-05 

30-Sep-19* 

*Tenement renewal submitted to Botswana Department of Mines. 

JORC Statement 

The  Australasian  Code  for  Reporting  of  Exploration  Results,  Mineral  Resources  and  Ore  Reserves  (the  ‘JORC  Code’)  sets  out  minimum  standards, 
recommendations  and  guidelines  for  Public  Reporting  in  Australasia  of  Exploration  Results,  Mineral  Resources  and  Ore  Reserves.  The  information 
contained in this announcement has been presented in accordance with the JORC Code (2012 edition) and references to “Measured, Indicated and 
Inferred Resources” are to those terms as defined in the JORC Code (2012 edition). 

Information in this report relating to Exploration results, Mineral Resources or Ore Reserves is based on information compiled by Dr Frazer Tabeart (an 
employee of African Energy Resources Limited) who is a member of The Australian Institute of Geoscientists. Dr Tabeart has sufficient experience which 
is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent 
Person under the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Dr Tabeart consents 
to the inclusion of the data in the form and context in which it appears. 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                         Annual Report 2020 

Annual Statement of Mineral Resources 

Resource 
Zone 
MEASURED 
(Bk-C) 
MEASURED 
(Bk-B) 

INDICATED 

INFERRED 

TOTAL 

Resource 
Zone 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

INFERRED 

TOTAL 

Resource 
Zone 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

INFERRED 

TOTAL 

Resource 
Zone 

MEASURED 

INDICATED 

INFERRED 

Sese JV Project (AFR 33.3%, FQML 66.7%): Resource Summary (Raw coal on an air-dried basis) 

In-Situ 
Tonnes* 

325 Mt 

304 Mt 

1,663 Mt 

126 Mt 

2,418 Mt 

CV 
(MJ/kg) 

CV 
(kcal/kg) 

17.6 

16.0 

15.4 

14.2 

4,200 

3,820 

3,700 

3,400 

Ash 
% 

30.1 

34.8 

38.4 

41.4 

IM% 

VM% 

7.9 

7.4 

6.8 

6.4 

20.6 

20.3 

18.7 

18.8 

Sese West Project (AFR 33.3%, FQML 66.7%): Resource Summary (Raw coal on an air-dried basis) 

In-Situ 
Tonnes* 

35 Mt 

7 Mt 

1,935 Mt 

1,977 Mt 

CV 
(MJ/kg) 

CV 
(kcal/kg) 

17.7 

17.2 

15.2 

4,225 

4,110 

3,630 

Ash 
% 

32.5 

32.8 

39.5 

IM% 

VM% 

6.4 

6.9 

6.0 

19.4 

19.9 

19.8 

Mmamabula West Project (AFR 100%): Resource Summary (Raw coal on an air-dried basis) 

In-Situ 
Tonnes* 

17 Mt 

1,061 Mt 

1,858 Mt 

2,935 Mt 

CV 
(MJ/kg) 

CV 
(kcal/kg) 

22.2 

20.4 

20.3 

5,300 

4,875 

4,850 

Ash 
% 

19.6 

24.4 

24.7 

IM% 

VM% 

7.3 

6.1 

5.8 

24.8 

26.5 

26.2 

Mmamantswe Project (AFR 100%): Resource Summary (Raw coal on an air-dried basis) 

In-Situ 
Tonnes* 

978 Mt 

265 Mt 

N/A 

CV 
(MJ/kg) 

9.5 

7.9 

CV 
(kcal/kg) 

2,270 

1,890 

Ash 
% 

56.5 

62.3 

IM% 

VM% 

3.9 

3.3 

15.8 

14.2 

FC% 

41.5 

37.6 

34.1 

31.2 

FC% 

41.8 

40.7 

34.0 

FC% 

48.2 

43.1 

43.4 

FC% 

21.8 

18.1 

S % 

2.1 

1.6 

2.0 

2.2 

S % 

2.5 

2.6 

2.1 

S % 

1.6 

1.5 

1.6 

S % 

2.0 

2.1 

TOTAL 

1,243 Mt 

* In-Situ tonnes have been derived by removing volumes for modelled intrusions, burnt coal and weathered coal and then applying 
geological loss factors to the remaining Gross In-Situ Tonnes  

The Coal Resources quoted for the Mmamantswe Project in the table above have been defined in accordance with the practices recommended 
by the Joint Ore Reserves Committee (2004 edition of the JORC Code). The coal resources quoted for Sese, Sese West and Mmamabula West 
are reported as per the 2012 edition. There have been no material changes to any of the Sese, Sese West and Mmamantswe resources since 
they were first announced. 

Mineral Resources & Ore Reserve Governance A summary of the governance and internal controls applicable to African Energy’s Mineral Resources 
and Ore Reserves processes are as follows: 

• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Review and validation of drilling and sampling methodology and data spacing, geological logging, data collection and storage, 
sampling and analytical quality control; 
Geological interpretation – review of known and interpreted structure, lithology and weathering controls; 
Estimation methodology – relevant to mineralisation style and proposed mining methodology; 
Comparison of estimation results with previous mineral resource models, and with results using alternate modelling methodologies; 
Statistical and visual validation of block model against raw composite data; and 
Use of external Competent Persons to assist in the preparation of JORC Mineral Resources updates. 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

ARBN 123 316 781 

Financial Report 

30 June 2020 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                          Annual Report 2020 

Directors’ Report 

Your  Directors  present  their  report  on  the  Consolidated  Entity  consisting  of  African  Energy  Resources  Limited  (Company)  and  its 
controlled entities for the financial year ended 30 June 2020. 

1.  Directors and Company Secretary 

The Directors and the Company Secretary of the Company at any time during or since the end of the financial year are as follows. 

Alasdair Cooke BSc (Hons), MAIG – Executive Chairman 

Mr Cooke has served as Chairman of the Board since its incorporation. Mr Cooke is a geologist with over 30 years’ experience in the 
resource exploration industry throughout Australia and internationally.  For the past 20 years Mr Cooke has been involved in mine 
development through various private and public resource companies, prior to which he held senior positions in BHP Billiton plc’s 
international new business and reconnaissance group. 

Mr Cooke is a founding director of Mitchell River Group, which over the past seventeen years has established a number of successful 
ASX listed resources companies, including Panoramic Resources, operating the Savannah and Lanfranchi nickel projects in Australia; 
Albidon,  operating  the  Munali  Nickel  Mine  in  Zambia,  Mirabela  Nickel,  operating  the  Santa  Rita  nickel  project  in  Brazil;  Exco 
Resources, developing copper and gold resources in Australia; and EVE Investments.  

Other current directorships 
EVE Investments Limited 
Caravel Minerals Limited  

Special responsibilities  
Executive Chairman 

Former directorships in the last three years 
Anova Metals Limited 

Interests in shares and options 
50,003,682 shares 

Charles (Frazer) Tabeart PhD, BSc (Hons) ARSM, MAIG – Executive Director and CEO 

Dr Tabeart is a graduate of the Royal School of Mines with a PhD and Honours in Mining Geology. He has over 30 years’ experience 
in  international  exploration  and  mining  projects,  including  16  years  with  WMC  Resources.  Whilst  at  WMC,  Dr  Tabeart  managed 
exploration portfolios in the Philippines, Mongolia and Africa, gaining considerable experience in a wide variety of commodities and 
operating with staff from diverse cultural backgrounds. 

Dr Tabeart was appointed Managing Director of the Company in November 2007 after serving two years as General Manager. Under 
his stewardship the Company discovered and delineated the coal resource at the Sese Coal & Power Project and has since managed 
the strategic direction of company to focus upon the delivery of multiple coal-fired power stations, captive coal-mines and an export 
coal  mine.  He  has  overseen  the  acquisition  of  Mmamantswe  and  Mmamabula  West  Coal  Projects  that  has  grown  the  resource 
inventory of the Company to 8.7Bt of thermal coal. 

Other current directorships 
PolarX Limited 
Arrow Minerals Ltd 

Special responsibilities  
Executive Director and CEO 

Former directorships in the last three years 
 none 

Interests in shares and options 
4,774,100 shares 

Valentine Chitalu MPhil, BAcc, FCCA – Non-Executive Director 

Mr Chitalu, a Zambian national and resident, is a Chartered Certified Accountant, Fellow of the Association of Chartered Certified 
Accountants (UK) and holds a practicing certificate from the Zambia Institute of Certified Accountants. He also holds a Masters Degree 
in Economics, Finance and Politics of Development and a Bachelor’s Degree in Accounting and Finance.  

Mr Chitalu has been a Non-Executive Director of African Energy Resources since listing and has assisted African Energy through his 
extensive business and Government contacts in the region.  

Other current directorships 
CDC Group 

Special responsibilities  
nil 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                                    Annual Report 2020 

Directors Report (continued) 

Former directorships in the last three years 
nil 

Interests in shares and options 
2,251,425 shares 

Vincent Ian Masterton-Hume - Non-Executive Director 

Mr Hume's career in the resources industry stretches back several decades, primarily in the fields of managed fund investments, 
capital raising and project development. He currently sits on the boards of TSX-listed Golden Minerals and ASX-listed Iron Road. He 
is a former Director of ASX and TSX-listed Marengo Mining. 

Mr Hume was a Founding Partner of The Sentient Group (“Sentient”), an independent private equity investment firm that specialises 
in the global resource industry. Prior to the founding of Sentient, Mr Hume was a consultant to AMP’s Private Capital Division, working 
on the development of a number of Chilean mining investment joint ventures, as well as advising on a number of specific investments 
across a range of commodities and locations. 

Other current directorships 
Golden Minerals Limited 
Iron Road Limited 

Special responsibilities  
nil 

Former directorships in the last three years 
nil 

Interests in shares and options 
4,157,606 shares 

John Dean - Non-Executive Director 

Mr Dean is an employee of First Quantum Minerals (FQM). Since joining FQM in 2011 he has fulfilled various roles within their mining 
operations including at FQM’s Sentinel Copper Mine, its new flagship mine in Zambia.  Prior to joining FQM, Mr Dean worked as an 
analyst in the energy and natural resource industries, possessing expertise in the valuation and commercial analysis of upstream oil 
and gas projects, as well as experience in electricity, natural gas, and crude oil markets.  

Mr  Dean  graduated  with  honours  from  the  University  of  Louisville  in  the  United  States  with  a  Bachelor  of  Science  in  Business 
Administration, and was later awarded a Masters of Business Administration with distinction from the University of Oxford.   

In addition to the Directorship, Mr Dean is a part of the team responsible for the development of power generation projects at the 
Sese Coal & Power Project under the joint venture with FQM.  

Current directorships 
nil 
Former directorships in the last three years 
nil 

Special responsibilities  
nil 
Interests in shares and options 
nil 

Gregory (Bill) Fry – (retired 15 July 2020) 

Mr Fry has more than 30 years corporate experience in the mining and resources industry, specialising in accounting, management, 
business  development  and  general  corporate  activities.  He  has  vast  experience  in  project  evaluation  and  development,  project 
funding, management, finance and operations.  

Other current directorships 
EVE Investments Ltd 

Special responsibilities  
nil 

Former directorships in the last three years 
Anova Metals Ltd 

Interests in shares and options 
5,869,610 shares 

Daniel Davis – Company Secretary  

Mr Davis is a qualified accountant who has fifteen years-experience in senior accounting and corporate roles for resources businesses 
in all stages from exploration to development, construction and mining. 

11 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                                    Annual Report 2020 

Directors Report (continued) 

1.1 Directors’ Meetings 

There was one Director’s meeting during the Year which was attended by all Directors. 

2.  Remuneration Report - Audited 

This Remuneration Report outlines the remuneration arrangements which were in place during the year and remain in place as at the date 
of this report, for the Directors and key management personnel (“KMP”) of African Energy Resources Limited.  

The information provided in this remuneration report has been Audited as required by section 308(3c) of the Corporations Act 2001. 

3.1 Principles of Compensation 

The objective of the Company’s executive reward framework is to ensure reward for performance is competitive and appropriate for the 
results delivered. The framework aligns executive reward with achievement of strategic objectives and the creation of value for shareholders 
and conforms with market practice for delivery of reward. The Board ensures that executive reward satisfies the following key criteria for 
good reward governance practices: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

competitiveness and reasonableness; 
acceptability to shareholders; 
performance linkage / alignment of executive compensation; 
transparency; and 
capital management. 

Alignment to shareholders’ interests: 

• 
• 

• 

has economic profit as a core component of plan design; 
focuses on sustained growth in shareholder wealth, consisting of dividends and growth in share price, and delivering constant 
return on assets as well as focusing the executive on key non-financial drivers of value; and 
attracts and retains high calibre executives. 

Alignment to program participants’ interests: 
rewards capability and experience; 
reflects competitive reward for contribution to growth in shareholder wealth; 
provides a clear structure for earning rewards; and 
provides recognition for contribution. 

• 
• 
• 
• 

The framework provides a mix of fixed and variable pay, and a blend of short and long-term incentives. As executives gain seniority with the 
Company, the balance of this mix shifts to a higher proportion of ''at risk'' rewards.  

The following table shows key performance indicators for the group over the last five years: 

Profit / (loss) for the year attributable to owners 
Basic earnings / (loss) per share (cents) 
Dividend payments 
Dividend payment ratio (%) 
Increase / (decrease) in share price (%) 
Total KMP incentives as percentage of profit / (loss) 
for the year (%) 

2020 

2019 

2018 

(3,372,977) 
(0.54) 
- 
- 
(7%) 

(927,792) 
(0.15) 
- 
- 
(187%) 

(4,013,178) 
(0.64) 
- 
- 
(304%) 

Restated (1)    
2017 
(1,618,702) 
(0.27) 
- 
- 
209% 

Restated (1)    
2016 

(2,070,429) 
(0.34) 
- 
- 
(4%) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1) 

Prior to 30 June 2017, the Group capitalised, accumulated exploration and evaluation expenditure and carried forward to the 
extent that they were expected to be recouped through the successful development of the area or where activities in the area 
have not yet reached a stage which permits reasonable assessment or the existence or economically recoverable reserves. From 
1 July 2017, Exploration and evaluation expenditure is stated at cost and is accumulated and carried forward to the extent 
that they are expected to be recouped through the successful development of the area or where activities in the area have 
not yet reached a stage which permits reasonable assessment of the existence of economically recoverable reserves. The 
result of this accounting change meant that the Group expensed exploration and evaluation expenditure as incurred in respect of 
each Identifiable area of interest until a time where an asset Is In development. 

12 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                                    Annual Report 2020 

Directors Report (continued) 

3.2 Remuneration governance 

The  Remuneration Committee  provides advice on  remuneration and  incentive policies and practices  and  specific recommendations on 
remuneration packages and other terms of employment for Executive Directors, other senior executives and Non-Executive Directors. The 
Corporate Governance Statement provides further information on the role of the Board. 

3.3 Non-Executive Directors 

Fees and payments to Non-Executive Directors reflect the demands which are made on, and the responsibilities of, the Directors. Non-
Executive Directors’ fees and payments are reviewed annually by the Board.  

The current base remuneration was last reviewed with effect from 1 July 2020 and was set at US$17,168 (AU$25,000) per annum (2019: 
US$24,545). 

3.4 Executive Directors 

Base Pay 

Base pay is structured as a total employment cost package which may be delivered as a combination of cash and prescribed non-financial 
benefits at the Remuneration Committee’s discretion. 

Executives are offered a competitive base pay that comprises the fixed component of pay and rewards.  Base pay for executives is reviewed 
annually to ensure the executive’s pay is competitive with the market. There is no guaranteed base pay increases included in any executives’ 
contract. 

Long-term incentives 

The award of performance rights and options to Directors, provides an opportunity for Directors to participate in the Company's growth and 
an  incentive  to  contribute  to  that  growth.  The  Remuneration  Committee  determines  performance  hurdles  that  will  apply  to  each 
performance right and option issued. No new performance rights were issued during the year ended 30 June 2020. 

Performance conditions attached to performance rights and options issued in the prior year are detailed in note 8.1. 

Service Contracts 

On appointment to the Board, Executive Directors enter into an executive service agreement with the Company.  The agreement details the 
Board policies and terms, including compensation, relevant to the office of Director.  

The Company currently has service contracts in place with Alasdair Cooke and Charles Tabeart.  All contracts with Executive Directors are for 
a two-year term but can be terminated by either party with three months’ notice.  Details of the service agreements are listed below. 

Alasdair Campbell Cooke - Executive Chairman, the Company 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Commencement date: 1 January 2019 
Term: 2 years 
Base annual salary is US$59,610 (AU$85,000) 
Consulting Fee of US$1,402 (AU$2,000) per day when the executive works more than one day per week 
Termination payment is the equivalent of three months consulting fees 

 Charles Frazer Tabeart - Executive Director, the Company 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Commencement date: 1 January 2019 
Term: 2 years 
Base annual salary is US$112,208 (AU$160,000) 
Consulting Fee of US$1,402 (AU$2,000) per day when the executive works more than two and a half days per week  
Termination payment is the equivalent of three months consulting fees 

No other key management personnel have service contracts in place with the Consolidated Entity. 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                                    Annual Report 2020 

Directors Report (continued) 

3.5 Comments made at the Company’s 2019 Annual General Meeting 

The Company did not receive any specific feedback at the AGM held on 14 November 2019 or throughout the year on its remuneration 
practices. 

3.6 Directors and Executive Officers’ Remuneration (Consolidated Entity) 

Details of the remuneration of the Directors of the Consolidated Entity (as defined in AASB 124 Related Party Disclosures) of the Consolidated 
Entity are set out in the following tables. 

The key management personnel of the Consolidated Entity are the Directors of African Energy Resources Limited. 

 The following tables set out remuneration paid to key management personnel of the Consolidated Entity during the year. 

Key Management Personnel 
remuneration - 2020 

Non-Executive Directors 

Valentine Chitalu 

Vincent Masterton-Hume 

John Dean 

Total Non-Executive Directors 

Executive Directors 

Gregory Fry (2) 

Charles Tabeart 

Alasdair Cooke 

Total Executive Directors 

Total Key Management Personnel 

Key Management Personnel 
remuneration - 2019 

Non-Executive Directors 

Valentine Chitalu 

Vincent Masterton-Hume 

John Dean 

Total Non-Executive Directors 

Executive Directors 

Gregory Fry 

Charles Tabeart 

Alasdair Cooke 

Total Executive Directors 

Total Key Management Personnel 

Short term 
employee 
benefits 

Cash salary & 
fees 
US$ 

Post-
employment 
benefits 

Share based 
payments 

Superannuation 

Rights (1) 

Performance 
based 

Total 

US$ 

US$ 

% 

US$ 

23,505 

21,272 

23,505 

68,282 

33,578 

107,450 

87,974 

229,002 

297,284 

25,044 

22,872 

23,256 

71,172 

42,093 

114,489 

103,755 

260,337 

331,509 

- 

2,233 

- 

2,233 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,233 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,173 

- 

(15,262) 

(3,815) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,173 

(19,077) 

0.0% 

4,419 

- 

- 

4,419 

6,592 

(29,879) 

(36,864) 

(26,386) 

(93,129) 

(112,206) 

- 

- 

- 

0.0% 

0.0% 

23,505 

23,505 

23,505 

70,515 

33,578 

107,450 

87,974 

229,002 

299,517 

9,782 

21,230 

23,256 

54,268 

16,633 

77,625 

77,369 

171,627 

225,895 

(1)  Negative remuneration values in the prior period are due to a reversal in share-based payment expense as a result of a 

change in management estimates for the achievement of performance rights. Refer Note 8.1 for further details. 

(2)  Gregory Fry was an executive director from 1 July 2019 to 31 December 2019 and a non-executive director from 1 January 

2020.  

The Group did not engage a remuneration consultant during the year. 

14 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                                    Annual Report 2020 

Directors Report (continued) 

3.7 Share-based compensation 

The Company did not issue share-based compensation during the year.  

3.8 Directors’ and Executives Interests 
A.  Shares 

Non-executive Directors 
Valentine Chitalu 
Vincent Masterton-Hume 
John Dean 
Executive Directors 
Alasdair Cooke 
Charles Tabeart 
Gregory Fry 

B.  Performance Rights 

Non-executive Directors 
Valentine Chitalu 
Vincent Masterton-Hume 
John Dean 
Executive Directors 
Alasdair Cooke 
Charles Tabeart 
Gregory Fry 

C.  Options 

Non-executive Directors 
Valentine Chitalu 
Vincent Masterton-Hume 
John Dean 
Executive Directors 
Alasdair Cooke 
Charles Tabeart 
Gregory Fry 

Balance at 
30/06/2019  

Purchases 
(Sales) 

Balance at 
30/06/2020 

2,251,425 
4,157,606 
- 

50,003,682 
4,774,100 
5,869,610 
67,056,423 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

2,251,425 
4,157,606 
- 

50,003,682 
4,774,100 
5,869,610 
67,056,423 

Balance at 
30/06/2019 

Forfeited / Expired 
During Period 

Balance at 
30/06/2020 

400,000 
100,000 
- 

766,667 
1,266,667 
933,333 
3,466,667 

(400,000) 
(100,000) 
- 

(766,667) 
(1,266,667) 
(933,333) 
(3,466,667) 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Balance at 
30/06/2019 

Forfeited / Expired 
During Period 

Balance at 
30/06/2020 

500,000 
500,000 
- 

1,750,000 
2,500,000 
875,000 

6,125,000 

(500,000) 
(500,000) 
- 

(1,750,000) 
(2,500,000) 
(875,000) 

(6,125,000) 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

D.  Other related party transactions 

The terms and conditions of the transactions with Directors, key executives and associates and their related entities were no more favourable 
than those available, or which might reasonably be expected to be available, on similar transactions to non-Director related entities on an 
arm’s length basis. 

Mitchell River Group Pty Ltd 

Charges from 

Charges to 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

70,475 

52,851 

- 

- 

At 30 June 2020 the company had a payable outstanding to Mitchell River Group of US$2,184 (30 June 2019: US$6,105). 

This is the end of the Audited remuneration report. 

15 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                                    Annual Report 2020 

Directors Report (continued) 

3.  Principal Activities 

The principal activity of the Consolidated Entity during the course of the financial year was the development of power projects in southern 
Africa.  

4.  Events Subsequent to Reporting Date 

On 20 July 2020, the Company issued 31,124,532 options exercisable at AUD$0.02 (2 cents) to a consultant. These options will vest upon the 
successful completion of an agreement that results in a new party becoming a majority shareholder in the Sese Joint Venture and expire on 
20 July 2022. 

The impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is ongoing and while it has not significantly impacted the entity up to 30 June 2020, it 
is not practicable to estimate the potential impact, positive or negative, after the reporting date. The situation is rapidly developing and is 
dependent on measures imposed by the Australian Government and other countries, such as maintaining social distancing requirements, 
quarantine, travel restrictions and any economic stimulus that may be provided. 

No  other  matter  or  circumstance  has  arisen  since  30  June  2020  that  has  significantly  affected,  or  may  significantly  affect  the  entity's 
operations, the results of those operations, or the entity's state of affairs in future financial years. 

5.  Likely Developments and Expected Results 

The Group will continue to pursue activities within its corporate objectives.  Further information about likely developments in the operations 
of the Group and the expected results of those operations in the future financial years has not been included in this report because disclosure 
would likely result in unreasonable prejudice to the Group. 

6.  Significant Changes in the State of Affairs 

In the opinion of the Directors, other than stated under Review of Operations, and Events Subsequent to Reporting Date, there were no 
significant changes in the state of affairs of the Group that occurred during the financial year under review and subsequent to the year end. 

7.  Environmental Regulations 

The Consolidated Entity’s operations are not subject to any significant environmental regulations under the legislation of countries in which 
it operates.  However, the Board believes there are adequate systems in place for the management of its environmental requirements and 
is not aware of any breach of those environmental requirements as they apply. 

The Company is not subject to the reporting requirements of both the Energy Efficiency Opportunities Act 2006 and the National Greenhouse 
and Energy Reporting Act 2007. 

8.  Indemnification and Insurance of Officers and Auditors 

An indemnity agreement has been entered into with each of the Directors and Company Secretary of the Company named earlier in this 
report. Under the agreement, the Company has agreed to indemnify those officers against any claim or for any expenses or costs which may 
arise as a result of work performed in their respective capacities to the extent permitted by law. There is no monetary limit to the extent of 
this indemnity.   

During the financial year, the Company has taken out an insurance policy in respect of Directors’ and officers’ liability and legal expenses for 
Directors and officers.   

9.  Corporate Structure 

African Energy Resources Limited is a Company limited by shares that is incorporated and domiciled in Guernsey. The Company is listed on 
the Australian Securities Exchange and Botswana Stock Exchange under code AFR. 

10. Non-Audit Services 

During the year, there were no non-Audit services provided by BDO Audit (WA) Pty Limited (2019: nil). 

11. Loans to key management personnel 

16 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                                    Annual Report 2020 

Directors Report (continued) 

No loans to key management personnel were provided during the period or up to the date of signing this report. 

12. Lead Auditor’s Independence Declaration 

The lead Auditor’s Independence Declaration is set out on page 23 and forms part of the Directors’ report for the financial year ended 30 
June 2020.  

Charles Frazer Tabeart 

Managing Director 
Perth, 30 September 2020

17 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                          Annual Report 2020 

Directors’ Report 

African Energy Resources Limited and its Controlled Entities 

The Directors of the Company declare that: 

1 

The financial statements, comprising the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, consolidated 
statement  of  financial  position,  consolidated  statement  of  cash  flows,  consolidated  statement  of  changes  in  equity  and 
accompanying notes, are in accordance with the Corporations Act 2001; and 

(a)  comply with Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001 and other mandatory professional reporting 

requirements; and 

(b)  give a true and fair view of the financial position as at 30 June 2020 and of the performance for the year ended on that 

date of the Consolidated Entity.  

2 

3 

4 

In the Directors opinion, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they 
become due and payable.  
The Consolidated Entity has included in the notes to the financial statements an explicit and unreserved statement of compliance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards. 
The Directors have been given the declarations by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer required by section 295A 
of the Corporations Act 2001.  

This declaration is made in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors and is signed on behalf of the Directors by: 

Charles Frazer Tabeart 

Managing Director 
Perth, 30 September 2020.

18 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tel: +61 8 6382 4600
Fax: +61 8 6382 4601
www.bdo.com.au

38 Station Street
Subiaco, WA 6008
PO Box 700 West Perth WA 6872
Australia

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT

To the members of African Energy Resources Limited

Report on the Audit of the Financial Report

Opinion

We have audited the financial report of African Energy Resources Limited (the Company) and its
subsidiaries (the Group), which comprises the consolidated statement of financial position as at
30 June 2020, the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, the
consolidated statement of changes in equity and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year
then ended, and notes to the financial report, including a summary of significant accounting policies
and the directors’ declaration.

In our opinion the accompanying financial report of the Group, is in accordance with the Corporations
Act 2001, including:

(i)

Giving a true and fair view of the Group’s financial position as at 30 June 2020 and of its
financial performance for the year ended on that date; and

(ii)

Complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards.  Our responsibilities under
those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the Financial
Report section of our report.  We are independent of the Group in accordance with the Corporations
Act 2001 and the ethical requirements of the Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board’s
APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including Independence Standards) (the Code)
that are relevant to our audit of the financial report in Australia.  We have also fulfilled our other
ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code.

We confirm that the independence declaration required by the Corporations Act 2001, which has been
given to the directors of the Company, would be in the same terms if given to the directors as at the
time of this auditor’s report.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis
for our opinion.

BDO Audit (WA) Pty Ltd ABN 79 112 284 787 is a member of a national association of independent entities which are all members of BDO Australia Ltd ABN 77 050 110 275, an
Australian company limited by guarantee. BDO Audit (WA) Pty Ltd and BDO Australia Ltd are members of BDO International Ltd, a UK company limited by guarantee, and form
part of the international BDO network of independent member firms. Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation.

Material uncertainty related to going concern

We draw attention to Note 1.4 in the financial report which describes the events and/or conditions
which give rise to the existence of a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the
group’s ability to continue as a going concern and therefore the group may be unable to realise its
assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. Our opinion is not modified in
respect of this matter.

Key audit matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in
our audit of the financial report of the current period.  These matters were addressed in the context of
our audit of the financial report as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide
a separate opinion on these matters. In addition to the matter described in the Material uncertainty
related to going concern section, we have determined the matters described below to be the key audit
matters to be communicated in our report.

Carrying Value of Investment in Associate

Key audit matter

How the matter was addressed in our audit

As disclosed in Note 2.1, the Group’s investment
in associate (Sese Power Project) has a significant
carrying value as at 30 June 2020.

The company is required to assess whether any
impairment indicators are present in accordance
with ASAB 128 Investments in Associates and
Joint Ventures (“AASB 128”) which may indicate
the Group’s investment in associate is impaired.

We have determined this is a key audit matter
given its financial significance to the Group and
the judgements and estimates required in
assessing the carrying value of the investment.

Our procedures included, but were not limited to
the following:

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

(cid:127)

Considering the existence of any indicators
of impairment in accordance with AASB 128;

Reviewing ASX Announcements, Board of
Directors meetings minutes, joint venture
minutes and considering management’s
assessment of impairment indicators; and

Assessing the adequacy of related
disclosures in Note 2.1 and Note 1.6 to the
Financial Statements.

2

Other information

The directors are responsible for the other information.  The other information comprises the
information in the Group’s annual report for the year ended 30 June 2020, but does not include the
financial report and the auditor’s report thereon.

Our opinion on the financial report does not cover the other information and we do not express any
form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial report, our responsibility is to read the other information
and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial
report or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this
other information, we are required to report that fact.  We have nothing to report in this regard.

Responsibilities of the directors for the Financial Report

The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a
true and fair view in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001
and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the
financial report that gives a true and fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to
fraud or error.

In preparing the financial report, the directors are responsible for assessing the ability of the group to
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the
going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease
operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the Financial Report

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial report as a whole is free
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that
includes our opinion.  Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an
audit conducted in accordance with the Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material
misstatement when it exists.  Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material
if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic
decisions of users taken on the basis of this financial report.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial report is located at the
Auditing and Assurance Standards Board website (http://www.auasb.gov.au/Home.aspx) at:

https://www.auasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/ar1_2020.pdf

This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

3

Report on the Remuneration Report

Opinion on the Remuneration Report

We have audited the Remuneration Report included in pages 12 to 15 of the directors’ report for the
year ended 30 June 2020.

In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of African Energy Resources Limited, for the year ended
30 June 2020, complies with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001.

Responsibilities

The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the
Remuneration Report in accordance with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001.  Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on the Remuneration Report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with
Australian Auditing Standards.

BDO Audit (WA) Pty Ltd

Jarrad Prue

Director

Perth, 30 September 2020

4

Tel: +61 8 6382 4600
Fax: +61 8 6382 4601
www.bdo.com.au

38 Station Street
Subiaco, WA 6008
PO Box 700 West Perth WA 6872
Australia

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE BY JARRAD PRUE TO THE DIRECTORS OF AFRICAN ENERGY
RESOURCES LIMITED

As lead auditor of African Energy Resources Limited for the year ended 30 June 2020, I declare that, to
the best of my knowledge and belief, there have been:

1. No contraventions of the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in

relation to the audit; and

2. No contraventions of any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit.

This declaration is in respect of African Energy Resources Limited and the entities it controlled during
the period.

Jarrad Prue

Director

BDO Audit (WA) Pty Ltd

Perth, 30 September 2020

BDO Audit (WA) Pty Ltd ABN 79 112 284 787 is a member of a national association of independent entities which are all members of BDO Australia Ltd ABN 77 050 110 275,
an Australian company limited by guarantee. BDO Audit (WA) Pty Ltd and BDO Australia Ltd are members of BDO International Ltd, a UK company limited by guarantee, and
form part of the international BDO network of independent member firms. Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation.

African Energy Resources Limited 

                                 Annual Report 2020 

Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 30 June 2020 

Government grants 
Interest received 
Share based payment expense / reversal 
Gain / (loss) on derivative 
Personnel expenses 
Professional & administration expense 
Exploration & evaluation expensed 
Share of Loss in Sese JV 
Impairment of Mmamabula West 
Foreign currency gain / (loss) 
Loss before tax 
Income tax expense 

Loss after income tax for the year 

Attributable to: 

Equity holders of the Company 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive items that may be reclassified to profit or loss 

Gain in financial assets 
Foreign currency translation reserve 

Total other comprehensive income / (loss) for the year 

Note 

3.2 

3.3 
3.3 

3.4 

2020 
US$ 

24,783 
18,814 
9,699 
(53,120) 
(150,552) 
(192,161) 
(91,372) 
(408,704) 
(2,500,000) 
(30,364) 
(3,372,977) 
- 
(3,372,977) 

2019 
US$ 

- 
46,161 
226,291 
(128,867) 
(276,270) 
(187,423) 
(116,038) 
(376,918) 
- 
(114,728) 
(927,792) 
- 
(927,792) 

(3,372,977) 
(3,372,977) 

(927,792) 
(927,792) 

12,535 
(36,718) 
(24,183) 

(191,598) 
(38,378) 
(229,976) 

Total comprehensive loss attributable to the ordinary equity holders of the 
Company: 
Total comprehensive loss for the year 

(3,397,160) 

(1,157,768) 

Loss per share for loss attributable to the ordinary equity holders of the 
Company: 
Basic and diluted loss per share (cents per share) 

3.5 

(0.54) 

(0.15) 

The Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income is to be read in conjunction with the accompanying 
notes. 

24 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
As at 30 June 2020 

                    Annual Report 2020 

Assets 
Current assets 

Cash & cash equivalents 
Financial assets at FVOCI 
Trade & other receivables 
Derivative asset 
Total current assets 
Non-current assets 

Investment in Sese Joint Venture 
Exploration & evaluation 

Total non-current assets 
Total assets 
Liabilities 
Current liabilities 

Trade & other payables 

Total current liabilities 
Total liabilities 

Net assets 

Equity 

Contributed equity 
Reserves 
Retained earnings (Accumulated losses) 

Total equity attributable to shareholders of the Company 

Note 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

4.1 
4.3 
4.4 

2.1 
2.2 

4.5 

5.1 

1,013,017 
631,257 
19,229 
- 
1,663,503 

7,077,471 
- 
7,077,471 
8,740,974 

146,808 
146,808 
146,808 

1,941,739 
630,610 
51,482 
53,120 
2,676,951 

6,924,616 
2,500,000 
9,424,616 
12,101,567 

100,541 
100,541 
100,541 

8,594,166 

12,001,026 

64,134,977 
(5,425,814) 
(50,114,997) 
8,594,166 

64,134,977 
(412,635) 
(51,721,316) 
12,001,026 

The consolidated statement of financial position is to be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

25 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
        
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
for the year ended 30 June 2020 

                    Annual Report 2020 

For the twelve months ended 30 
June 2020 

At 30 June 2019 
Net earnings for the year 
Effect of translation of foreign 
operations to group presentation 
currency 
Movement in fair value of 
financial assets at FVOCI 
Total comprehensive income for 
the year 
Transactions with owners in 
their capacity as owners: 

Contributed      

equity 

Accumulated 
losses 

US$ 
64,134,977 
- 

US$ 
(51,721,316) 
(3,372,977) 

Foreign 
Currency 
Translation 
Reserve 

US$ 
(5,218,589) 
- 

Other   
Comprehensive   
Income Reserve 
(FVOCI)  

Share-
Based 
Payments 
Reserve 

 Total                 
equity 

US$ 
(183,042) 
- 

US$ 
4,988,996 
- 

US$ 
12,001,026 
(3,372,977) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(36,718) 

- 

- 

12,535 

- 

- 

(36,718) 

12,535 

-    

(3,372,977) 

(36,718) 

                 12,535  

-    

(3,397,161) 

Cleanse SBP Reserve 

-    

4,979,297  

-    

                         -    

(4,979,297) 

-    

Share based payments 

-    

-    

-    

                         -    

(9,699) 

(9,699) 

At 30 June 2020 

64,134,977  

(50,114,997) 

(5,255,307) 

(170,507) 

- 

8,594,166  

For the twelve months ended 30 
June 2019 
At 30 June 2018 
Net earnings for the year 
Effect of translation of foreign 
operations to group presentation 
currency 
Movement in fair value of 
financial assets at FVOCI 
Total comprehensive income for 
the year 
Transactions with owners in 
their capacity as owners: 
Share based payments 

At 30 June 2019 

64,134,977 
- 

(50,775,745) 
(927,792) 

(5,180,211) 
- 

(9,223) 
- 

5,215,287 
- 

13,385,085 
(927,792) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(38,378) 

- 

(17,779) 

- 

(173,819) 

(945,571) 

(38,378) 

(173,819) 

- 

- 

- 

(38,378) 

(191,598) 

(1,157,768) 

- 
64,134,977 

- 
(51,721,316) 

- 
(5,218,589) 

- 
(183,042) 

(226,291) 
4,988,996 

(226,291) 
12,001,026 

The consolidated statements of changes in equity are to be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. 

26 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
        
 
 
                         
           
                
                         
           
  
  
  
  
  
  
                         
            
                         
           
                         
                         
                         
                         
                  
                  
          
         
           
              
                         
            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

Note 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Interest received 
Payment for exploration and evaluation 
Payment to suppliers and employees 

Net cash (outflow) from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Investment in Sese JV 
Receipts from sale of listed investments 
Acquisitions of Shares in Caravel Minerals 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Issue of Shares 

Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 
Net (decrease) / increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 

20,302 
(86,058) 
(364,893) 
(430,649) 

(447,286) 
- 
- 
(447,286) 

- 
- 

1,941,739 
(877,935) 
(50,787) 
1,013,017 

49,177 
(121,414) 
(460,510) 
(532,747) 

- 
459,086 
(111,135) 
347,951 

- 
- 

2,300,244 
(184,796) 
(173,709) 
1,941,739 

4.2 

4.1 

4.1 

The consolidated statements of cash flows are to be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes 

27 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited   

Notes to the Financial Statements 

1. 

Basis of Preparation 

1.1 

Statement of Compliance 

                               Annual Report 2020 

These general purpose financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards (‘AASBs’) 
(including Australian Interpretations) adopted by the Australian Accounting Standards Board (‘AASB’) and the Corporations Act 
2001. The financial report of the Consolidated Entity also complies with IFRSs and interpretations as issued by the International 
Accounting  Standards  Board.  African  Energy  Resources  Limited  is  a  for-profit  entity  for  the  purposes  of  preparing  financial 
statements. 

The financial report was authorised for issue by the Directors on 30 September 2020. 

1.2 

Basis of measurement 

The financial report is prepared under the historical cost convention. 

1.3 

Functional and presentation currency 

These consolidated financial statements are presented in US dollars (‘US$’).  

The functional currency of the Company and each of the operating subsidiaries is US$ which represents the currency of the 
primary economic environment in which the Company and each of the operating subsidiaries operates.  

Subsidiaries denominated in Australian dollars (‘AU$’) are translated at the closing rate on reporting date. Profit or loss items 
are translated on the prevailing rate on the date of transaction. 

1.4 

Going concern 

This report is prepared on the going concern basis which assumes the continuity of normal business activity and the realisation 
of assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business.  

The Group incurred a net loss of $3,372,977 during the year ended 30 June 2020 (2019: $927,792) and as of that date the Group 
had net current assets of $1,516,695 (30 June 2019: $2,576,410) including cash and cash equivalents of $1,013,057 (30 June 
2019: $1,941,739). Net cash used in operating activities for the period was $430,649 (2019: $532,747). 

These conditions indicate a material uncertainty that may cast doubt about the ability of the Group to continue as a going 
concern. The ability of the Group to continue as a going concern is principally dependent upon its ability to secure funds by 
raising capital from equity markets or by other means, and by managing cash flows in line with available funds, and/or the 
successful development of its exploration assets.  

The Directors are confident of the ability of the Company to potentially raise capital as and when required. The Directors are 
satisfied there are sufficient funds to meet the Group’s working capital requirements as at the date of this report. 

The directors are uncertain of the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and of the potential consequential impact that may flow 
through to the Group’s future operating costs and exploration activities. The directors believe there are reasonable prospects 
the Group can continue operations through the COVID-19 pandemic and are committed to the long term development and 
growth of the Company on behalf of its shareholders, employees and the communities in which it operates. 

The Directors have reviewed the business outlook and the assets and liabilities of the Group and are of the opinion that the 
going concern basis of accounting is appropriate as they believe the Group will continue to be successful in securing additional 
funds as and when the need to raise funds arises. Should the Group not be able to continue as a going concern, it may be 
required to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities other than in the ordinary course of business, and at amounts that differ 
from those stated in the financial statements and that the financial report does not include any adjustments relating to the 
recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or liabilities that might be necessary should the entity not continue 
as a going concern. 

28 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

1.5 

Reporting entity 

African Energy Resources Limited (referred to as the ‘Parent Entity’ or the ‘Company’) is a company domiciled in Guernsey. The 
consolidated financial statements of the Company as at and for the year ended 30 June 2020 comprise the Company and its 
subsidiaries (together referred to as the ‘Consolidated Entity’ or the ‘Group’). The Group is primarily involved in power and coal 
development in southern Africa. 

1.6 

Use of estimates and judgments 

The  preparation  of  a  financial  report  in  conformity  with  Australian  Accounting  Standards  requires  management  to  make 
judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, 
income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors 
that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements 
about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from 
these estimates. These accounting policies have been consistently applied by each entity in the Consolidated Entity. 

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised 
in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future 
periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. In particular, information about significant areas of estimation 
uncertainty  and  critical  judgments  in  applying  accounting  policies  that  have  the  most  significant  effect  on  the  amount 
recognised in the financial statements are described in the following notes: 

•  Note 2.1 – Investments in Associates – The Group assesses the carrying amount of investment in associates at each 
reporting  period  in  accordance  with  AASB  128.  If  impairment  indicators  are  identified,  the  Group  tests  the 
investments for impairment in accordance with AASB 136. In assessing the recoverability of investments in associates, 
management applies their estimates and judgements as to the recoverability. 

•  Note  2.2  –  Exploration  &  evaluation  expenditure  -  If,  after  having  capitalised  expenditure  under  this  policy,  the 
Directors  conclude  that  the  Group  is  unlikely  to  recover  the  expenditure  by  future  exploration  or  sale,  then  the 
relevant capitalised amount will be written off to the Statement of Profit or Loss and other Comprehensive Income. 

•  Note 8 – Share-based payments arrangements - The Group values options issued at fair value at the grant date using 
the black scholes option pricing model taking into account the exercise price, the term of the option, the impact of 
dilution, the share price at grant date, the expected volatility of the underlying share, the expected dividend yield and 
risk free interest rate for the term of the option. Performance rights are valued at face value of the share on the date 
of  issue.  At  each  reporting  period  management  assess  the  probability  of  the  vesting  of  options  and  performance 
rights where applicable in accordance with AASB 2 – Share based payments (non-market conditions). The probability 
is assessed to either be less likely or more likely (0% or 100%) and a vesting expense is recorded accordingly. 

Judgement has been exercised in considering the impacts that the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had, or may have, on 
the  company  based  on  known  information.  This  consideration  extends  to  the  nature  of  the  products  and  services  offered, 
customers, supply chain, staffing and geographic regions in which the company operates. Other than as addressed in specific 
notes,  there  does  not  currently  appear  to  be  either  any  significant  impact  upon  the  financial  statements  or  any  significant 
uncertainties with respect to events or conditions which may impact the company unfavourably as at the reporting date or 
subsequently as a result of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. 

2. 

Non-Current Assets 

2.1 

Investments in Associates 

Associates are entities over which the Group has significant influence but not control or joint control. Associates are accounted 
for  in  the  parent  entity  financial  statements  at  cost  and  the  consolidated  financial  statements  using  the  equity  method  of 
accounting.  Under  the  equity  method  of  accounting,  the  group's  share  of  post-acquisition  profits  or  losses  of  associates  is 
recognised in consolidated profit or loss and the group's share of post-acquisition other comprehensive income of associates is 
recognised in consolidated other comprehensive income. The cumulative post-acquisition movements are adjusted against the 
carrying amount of the investment. Dividends received from associates are recognised in the parent entity's profit or loss, while 
they reduce the carrying amount of the investment in the consolidated financial statements. 

Subsidiaries are all entities over which the group has control. Control is determined with reference to whether the group is 
exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns 
through its power to direct the activities of the entity. Where the group loses control of a subsidiary but retains significant 

29 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

influence, the retained interest is re-measured to fair value at the date that control is lost and the difference between fair value 
and the carrying amount is recognised in profit or loss. There is judgement involved in determining whether control has been 
lost and determining the fair value of the investment held.  

(a)  Movements in carrying amounts 

Balance at the beginning of the year 
Investment in Sese JV 
Share of Losses after income tax 

Carrying amount at 30 June 

(b)  Share of the results of its associates 

2020 
US$ 
6,924,616 
561,559 
(408,704) 
7,077,471 

2019 
US$ 
7,301,534 
- 
(376,918) 
6,924,616 

The groups share of the results of its associates and its aggregated assets and liabilities are as follows.   
Company's share of: 
Liabilities                             
US$ 
- 

Ownership         
Interest % 

African Energy Holdings SRL  

US$ 
4,990,946 

Assets                             

US$ 
107,780 

33 

Revenues                             
(Loss)                             
US$ 
(408,704) 

(c)  Summarised financial information of associate - African Energy Holdings SRL 

Summarised statement of financial position 
Current Assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 

Total current assets 
Non-current Assets 

Exploration & evaluation 
Property, plant & equipment 

Total non-current assets 
Total assets 

Current Liabilities 

Trade and other payables 

Total current liabilities 
Non-current Liabilities 

Rehabilitation Provision 
Total non-current liabilities 
Total liabilities 
Net assets 

Summarised statement of comprehensive income 

Total Operating Expense 
Loss from operating activities 

Other comprehensive income 

Total comprehensive income 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

119,720 
32,152 
151,872 

14,972,208 
- 
14,972,208 
15,124,080 

59,922 
119,105 
179,027 

14,574,666 
25,387 
14,600,053 
14,779,079 

76,607 
76,607 

70,803 
70,803 

250,000 
250,000 
326,607 
14,797,473 

2020 
US$ 
1,216,335 
1,216,335 
9,777 
1,226,112 

250,000 
250,000 
320,803 
14,458,276 

2019 
US$ 
1,090,614 
1,090,614 
5,140 
1,095,754 

There were no contingent assets or liabilities in African Energy Holdings SRL at 30 June 2020. There were no commitments at 
30 June 2020. 

30 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

2.2 

Exploration and evaluation expenditure  

(a)  Exploration and Evaluation Carrying Values 

The Group will elect by Area of Interest to adopt one of the following policies: 

(i) 

(ii) 

Exploration and evaluation expenditure is stated at cost and is accumulated and carried forward to the extent that 
they are expected to be recouped through the successful development of the area or where activities in the area 
have not yet reached a  stage which permits reasonable assessment of the existence of economically recoverable 
reserves; or 

Exploration and evaluation costs are expensed as incurred as an operating cost of the Group. Costs related to the 
acquisition of properties that contain mining resources are capitalised and allocated separately to specific areas of 
interest. These costs are capitalised until the viability of the area of interest is determined. 

The Board has determined to apply this policy to an area of interest on a case by case basis. 

Area of Interest 

Mmamabula West Coal Project 
Mmamantswe Coal Project 
African Energy Holdings SRL (Sese JV) 

Accounting 
Policy Election 
2.2(a)(ii) 
2.2(a)(i) 
2.2(a)(i) 

Exploration and evaluation activity involves the search for energy resources, the determination of technical feasibility and the 
assessment of commercial viability of an identified resource.  

Exploration and evaluation assets are only recognised if the rights of the area of interest are current and either: 

a) 

b) 

the expenditures are expected to be recouped through successful development and exploitation of the area of interest; 
or 

activities in the area of interest have not at the reporting date, reached a stage which permits a reasonable assessment 
of  the  existence  or  other  wise  of  economically  recoverable  reserves  and  active  and  significant  operations  in,  or  in 
relation to, the area of interest are continuing. 

Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for impairment if sufficient data exists to determine technical feasibility and 
commercial viability and facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount. For the 
purposes  of  impairment  testing,  exploration  and  evaluation  assets  are  allocated  to  cash-generating  units  to  which  the 
exploration activity relates. The cash generating unit shall not be larger than the area of interest. Once the technical feasibility 
and  commercial  viability  of  the  extraction  of  mineral  resources  in  an  area  of  interest  are  demonstrable,  exploration  and 
evaluation assets attributable to that area of interest are first tested for impairment and then reclassified from intangible assets 
to mineral property and development assets within property, plant and equipment. 

The recoverability of the carrying amounts of exploration and evaluation assets is dependent on the successful development 
and commercial exploitation or sale of the respective area of interest.  

Mmamabula West Coal Project 

Carrying amount of exploration and evaluation 

(b)  Exploration and Evaluation movement reconciliation 

Balance at the beginning of the year 
Impairment due to delay in renewal of tenure  

Carrying amount at 30 June 

31 | P a g e  

2020 
US$ 

- 
- 

2020 
US$ 
2,500,000 
(2,500,000) 
- 

2019 
US$ 
2,500,000 
2,500,000 

2019 
US$ 
2,500,000 
- 
2,500,000 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

3. 

Financial Performance 

3.1 

Segment information 

AASB 8 Operating Segments requires a ‘management approach’, under which segment information is presented on the same 
basis as that used for internal reporting purposes. The segments are reported in a manner that is consistent with the internal 
reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. 

(a)  Description of Segments 

The Company’s Board receives financial information across three reportable segments. These are Coal-fired Power Projects; 
Power Investments and Unallocated.  

(b)  Segment Information   

For the year ended 30 June 2020 

Coal-fired 
Power 
Development 
Projects 

Power 
Investments 

All other 
segments 

Consolidated 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Total segment revenue 
Profit (loss) before income tax 

- 
(2,591,372) 

- 
(408,704) 

43,597 
(372,901) 

43,597 
(3,372,977) 

Segment Assets 

Investment in Sese JV 
Cash and short term receivable 

Total Segment Assets 

Segment Liabilities 

Trade & other payables 

Total Segment Liabilities 

For the year ended 30 June 2019 
Total segment revenue 
Profit (loss) before income tax 

Segment Assets 

Investment in Sese JV 
Exploration and evaluation expenditure 
Property, plant and equipment 
Cash and short term receivable 

Total Segment Assets 

Segment Liabilities 

Trade & other payables 

Total Segment Liabilities 

3.2 

Revenue 

(a)  Revenue recognition 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

7,077,471 
- 

7,077,471 

- 
1,663,503 

1,663,503 

7,077,471 
1,663,503 

8,740,974 

114,273 

114,273 

32,535 

32,535 

146,808 

146,808 

- 
(116,038) 

- 
(376,918) 

46,161 
(434,836) 

46,161 
(927,792) 

- 
2,500,000 
- 
2,500,000 

6,924,616 
- 
- 
6,924,616 

- 
- 
2,676,951 
2,676,951 

6,924,616 
2,500,000 
2,676,951 
12,101,567 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100,541 

100,541 

100,541 

100,541 

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the entity and the revenue can 
be reliably measured. 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

(b) Government Grants 

  Annual Report 2020 

Government grants relating to costs are deferred and recognised in profit or loss over the period necessary to match them with
the costs that they are intended to compensate. This includes Job Keeper income received due to COVID-19 during the year
which has been net off with the associated salaries this year.

(c) Net financial income

Net  financial  income  comprises  interest  payable  on  borrowings  calculated  using  the  effective  interest  method,  interest
receivable on funds invested, dividend income and foreign exchange gains and losses.

Interest  income  is  recognised  in  the  profit  or  loss  as  it  accrues,  using  the  effective  interest  method.  Management  fees  are
recognised in the profit or loss as the right to a fee accrues, in accordance with contractual rights. 

2020 
US$ 

18,814 
18,814 

2019 
US$ 

46,161 
46,161 

2020 
US$ 

89,191 
7,710 
297,232 
(243,581) 
150,552 

63,387 
61,283 
23,533 
7,551 
8,352 
7,628 
-
20,427 
192,161 

2019 
US$ 

89,097 
10,224 
338,177 
(161,228) 
276,270 

71,932 
68,554 
(17,808) 
37,529 
14,028 
1,402 
29
11,757 
187,423 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Interest received 

3.3 

Expenses 

Personnel expenses 
Employee salaries 
Superannuation 
Directors fees 
Recharge of director fees and employee salaries 

Professional & administration expense 
Audit Tax and Accounting 
Compliance & Insurance 
Occupancy  
Travel 
Marketing 
Legal fees 
Depreciation and Impairment of PP&E 
Other 

3.4 

Income Taxes 

(a) Income tax expense:

Current tax 
Deferred tax 
Overprovision in respect to prior years 

33 | P a g e

African Energy Resources Limited 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

  Annual Report 2020 

(b)  Reconciliation of income tax expense to prima facie tax payable:

Loss before income tax 
Prima facie income tax at 30% (2019: 27.5%) 
Tax effect of amounts not deductible in calculating taxable income: 

Sundry items 
Other 

Difference in overseas tax rates 
Tax loss not recognised 
Income tax expense/(benefit) 

(c)  Tax losses:

Unused tax losses for which no deferred tax asset has been recognised 
Potential tax benefit @ 30% (2019: 27.5%) 
Difference in overseas tax rates 10% 
Potential tax benefit 

(d)  Unrecognised deferred tax assets arising on timing differences and losses

Timing 
Losses - Revenue 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

(3,372,977) 
(1,011,893) 

(7,387) 
91,248 
(928,032) 
(4,321) 
932,353 
- 

(927,792) 
(255,143) 

67 
82,091 
(172,985) 
3,552 
169,433 
- 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

(511,187) 
(153,356) 
(4,321) 
(157,677) 

(408,073) 
(112,220) 
3,552 
(108,668) 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

778,730 
4,656,480 
5,435,211 

70,666 
4,498,803 
4,569,469 

The tax benefits of the above deferred tax assets will only be obtained if: 

i.

The  Consolidated  Entity  derives  future  assessable  income  of  a  nature  and  of  an  amount  sufficient  to  enable  the
benefits to be utilised;

ii.

The Consolidated Entity continues to comply with the conditions for deductibility imposed by law;

iii. No changes in income tax legislation adversely affect the Consolidated Entity from utilising the benefits.

Income tax on the Statement of Profit or Loss and other Comprehensive Income for the periods presented comprises current 
and deferred tax. Income tax is recognised in the Statement of Profit or Loss and other Comprehensive Income except to the 
extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in equity. 

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the 
reporting  period  in  the  countries  where  the  Company’s  subsidiaries  and  associates  operate  and  generate  taxable  income. 
Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation 
is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax 
authorities. 

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets 
and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. 

34 | P a g e

African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which 
the asset can be utilised. Deferred tax assets are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit 
will be realised, or to the extent that the Group has deferred tax liabilities with the same taxation authority. Additional income 
taxes that arise from the distribution of dividends are recognised at the same time as the liability to pay the related dividend. 

3.5 

Earnings per share 

(a)  Basic loss per share 

The  calculation  of  basic  loss  per  share  at  30  June  2020  was  based  on  the  losses  attributable  to  ordinary  shareholders  of 
US$3,372,977 (2019:  US$927,792) and a weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial year 
ended 30 June 2020 of 622,960,630 (2019: 622,960,630) calculated as follows: 

Gain (Loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders 

Issued number of ordinary shares at 1 July 
Effect of shares issued during the period 
Weighted average number of shares for year to 30 June  

2020 
US$ 
(3,372,977) 

2019 
US$ 
(927,792) 

622,960,630 
- 
622,960,630 

622,960,630 
- 
622,960,630 

Basic loss per share (cents per share) 

(0.54) 

(0.15) 

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to equity holders of the Company, excluding any costs 
of servicing equity other than ordinary shares, by weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial 
year, adjusted for the bonus elements in ordinary shares issued during the year. 

(b)  Diluted loss per share 

Potential ordinary shares are not considered dilutive, thus diluted loss per share is the same as basic loss per share. 

4. 

Working Capital Management 

4.1 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances, short term bills and call deposits. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on 
demand and form an integral part of the Consolidated Entity’s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash 
equivalents for the purpose of the statement of cash flows. 

Cash at bank and in hand 
Short-term deposits 

Refer to note 5.2 for risk exposure analysis. 

2020 
US$ 

610,665 
402,352 
1,013,017 

2019 
US$ 

479,609 
1,462,130 
1,941,739 

35 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

4.2 

Reconciliation of loss after income tax to net cash flows from operating activities 

Cash flows from operating activities 
(Loss) for the year 
Adjustments for: 
Gain/(Loss) on Derivative 
Equity-settled share-based payment expenses 
Share of Loss in Sese JV 
Depreciation and amortisation expense 
Impairment of Mmamabula West 
Foreign exchange losses 
Change in operating assets & liabilities 
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables 
Net cash used in operating activities 

2020 
US$ 

(3,372,977) 

2019 
US$ 
(894,489) 

53,120 
(9,699) 
408,704 
- 
2,500,000 
28,774 

29,222 
(67,793) 
(430,649) 

128,867 
(259,594) 
376,918 
29 
- 
113,099 

(14,230) 
16,653 
(532,747) 

 Total  
1,147,930 
111,135 
(191,588) 
(1,593) 
(435,274) 
630,610 

- 
12,535 
(11,888) 
- 
631,257 

 There was no non-cash investing and financing activities during the year. 

4.3 

Financial Assets at FVOCI 

Carrying amount at 30 June 2018 
Additions 
Movement in Fair Value of Financial assets at FVOCI 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Disposals 
Carrying amount at 30 June 2019 

Additions 
Movement in Fair Value of available for sale financial assets 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange 
Disposals 
Carrying amount at 30 June 2020 

 Caravel Shares 
677,346 
111,135 
(156,278) 
(1,593) 
- 
630,610 

 Goviex Shares 
470,584 
- 
(35,310) 
- 
(435,274) 
- 

- 
12,535 
(11,888) 
- 
631,257 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

4.4 

Trade and other receivables 

The fair value of trade and other receivables, is estimated as the present value of future cash flows, discounted at the market 
rate of interest at the reporting date. 

Trade debtors 
Interest receivable 
GST and VAT receivable 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

- 
255 
18,974 
19,229 

31,546 
1,743 
18,193 
51,482 

Trade and other receivables are recorded at amounts due less any allowance for any expected credit losses. 

36 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

4.5 

Trade and other payables 

Trade  and  other  payables  are  recognised  when  the  related  goods  or  services  are  received,  at  the  amount  of  cash  or  cash 
equivalent that will be required to discharge the obligation, gross of any settlement discount offered. Trade payables are non-
interest bearing and are settled on normal terms and conditions. 

Trade creditors 
Accrued expenses 
Payroll liabilities 

2020 
US$ 

11,018 
132,623 
3,167 
146,808 

2019 
US$ 

63,711 
32,403 
4,427 
100,541 

Liabilities for employee benefits for wages, salaries and annual leave that are expected to be settled within 12 months of the 
reporting date represent present obligations resulting from employees’ services provided to reporting date, are calculated at 
undiscounted amounts based on remuneration wage and salary rates that the Consolidated Entity expects to pay as at reporting 
date including related on-costs, such as workers compensation insurance and payroll tax.   

4.6 

Impairment 

The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence financial asset or group of financial assets is 
impaired in accordance with AASB 9. 

5. 

Funding and Risk Management 

The Group's objectives when managing capital are to safeguard their ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can continue 
to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the 
cost  of  capital.  In  order  to  maintain  or  adjust  the  capital  structure,  the  Group  may  adjust  the  amount  of  dividends  paid  to 
shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.  

Ordinary shares entitle the holder to participate in dividends and the proceeds on winding up of the Company in the proportion to 
the number and amount paid on the shares held. Ordinary shares are classified as equity.  

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from 
the proceeds. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options for the acquisition of a business are not 
included in the cost of the acquisition as part of the purchase consideration. 

If the entity reacquires its own equity instruments, for example as a result of a share buy-back, those instruments are deducted 
from equity and the associated shares are cancelled. No gain or loss is recognised in the profit or loss and the consideration paid 
including any directly attributable incremental costs (net of income taxes) is recognised directly in equity.  

5.1  Contributed equity 

Movement in share capital 

Balance 30 June 2018 
Balance 30 June 2019 

Balance 30 June 2020 

5.2  Financial risk management 

Number of 
shares 

622,960,630 
622,960,630 

622,960,630 

US$ 

64,134,977 
64,134,977 

64,134,977 

The Group's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, interest rate risk and price risk), 
credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group's overall risk management program focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and 
seeks  to  minimise  potential  adverse  effects  on  the  financial  performance  of  the  Group.  The  Group  uses  different  methods  to 
measure different types of risk to which it is exposed.  

Risk management is carried out by the Audit & Risk Committee under a charter approved by the Board of Directors. The Audit & 
Risk Committee identifies, evaluates and hedges foreign currency risks by holding cash in the currency that it is budgeted to be 
spent in. 

37 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

(a)  Market risk 

i.  Foreign currency risk 

Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions and recognised assets and liabilities denominated in a currency 
that is not the entity’s functional currency and net investments in foreign operations. Some exposure to foreign exchange risk 
exists  in  respect  to  the  Australian  subsidiaries  which  provides  administrative  and  technical  support  to  the  Group  and  have 
transactions denominated in Australian Dollars. The risk is measured using sensitivity analysis and cash flow forecasting.   

ii.  Price risk 

The Group holds shares in Caravel Minerals and is exposed to equity securities price risk. 

Price risk 

+10% 

-10% 

Carrying 
amount 

Profit 
US$ 

Equity 
US$ 

Profit 
US$ 

Equity 
US$ 

    631,257  

63,126 

63,126 

(63,126) 

(63,126) 

30 June 2020 
Financial assets at FVOCI 

iii.  Interest rate risk 

The Group has significant interest-bearing assets; however, a change in interest rates would not have a material impact on the 
results.  

Interest rate risk 

Foreign exchange risk 

 - 100 bps 

 + 100 bps 

-10% 

+10% 

Carrying 
amount 

Profit 
US$ 

Equity 
US$ 

Profit 
US$ 

Equity 
US$ 

Profit 
US$ 

Equity 
US$ 

Profit 
US$ 

Equity 
US$ 

30 June 2020 
Financial assets 
Cash & cash equivalents  1,013,017   10,130 

(10,130) 

(10,130)  10,130 

(101,302)  101,302 

101,302 

(101,302) 

Financial assets at 
FVOCI 

Trade & other 
receivables 
Financial liabilities 

Trade and other 
payables 

631,257  

19,229  

146,808  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(63,126) 

63,126 

63,126 

(63,126) 

(1,923) 

1,923 

1,923 

(1,923) 

- 

(14,681) 

14,681 

14,681 

(14,681) 

• 

• 

Interest rate volatility was chosen to reflect expected short term fluctuations in market interest rates. 

Foreign exchange volatility was chosen to reflect expected short term fluctuations in the Australian Dollar. 

iv.  Credit risk 

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables (excluding prepayments), represent the Group’s 
maximum exposure to credit risk in relation to financial assets. Cash and short term liquid investment are placed with reputable 
banks, so no significant credit risk is expected.  The Group does not have any material exposure to any single debtor or group of 
debtors, so no significant credit risk is expected. The credit quality of financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired can 
be assessed by reference to external credit rates: 

v.   Liquidity risk 

Prudent  liquidity  risk  management  implies  maintaining  sufficient  cash  and  marketable  securities,  the  availability  of  funding 
through an adequate amount of committed credit facilities and the ability to close out market positions. The Group manages 
liquidity risk by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows and matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and 
liabilities. Due to the dynamic nature of the underlying businesses, management aims at maintaining flexibility in funding  by 

38 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
        
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

keeping committed credit lines available with a variety of counterparties. Surplus funds are only invested in instruments that are 
tradeable in highly liquid markets. 

The tables below analyse the Group’s financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings. The amounts disclosed in the table are 
the  contractual  undiscounted  cash  flows.  Balances  due  within  12  months  equal  their  carrying  amounts  as  the  impact  of 
discounting is not significant.  

2020 
Trade Payables 

2019 
Trade Payables 

(b)  Fair value estimation 

Less than 6 
months 

6 - 12 
months 

146,808 
146,808 

100,541 
100,541 

Total 
contractual 
cash flows 

146,808 
146,808 

100,541 
100,541 

- 
- 

- 
- 

The fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities must be estimated for recognition and measurement or for disclosure 
purposes.  

The fair value of financial instruments traded in active markets is based on quoted market prices at the reporting date. The 
quoted market price used for financial assets held by the Group is the current bid price. 

The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques. The 
Group uses a variety of methods and makes assumptions that are based on market conditions existing at each reporting date. 
Quoted market prices or dealer quotes for similar instruments are used for long-term debt instruments held. Other techniques, 
such as estimated discounted cash flows, are used to determine fair value for the remaining financial instruments.  

The carrying value less impairment provision of trade receivables and payables are assumed to approximate their fair values 
due to their  short-term nature.  The fair value of financial liabilities for disclosure  purposes  is estimated by  discounting the 
future contractual cash flows at the current market interest rate that is available to the Group for similar financial instruments. 

5.3  Fair value measurement 

The  fair  value  of  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  must  be  estimated  for  recognition  and  measurement  or  for  disclosure 
purposes. 

The following tables detail the consolidated entity's assets and liabilities, measured or disclosed at fair value, using a three level 
hierarchy, based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the entire fair value measurement, being: 

• 

• 

• 

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the 
measurement date 

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly 
or indirectly 

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability 

30 June 2020 
Financial assets at FVOCI 
Derivative asset 
Total assets 

30 June 2019 
Financial assets at FVOCI 
Derivative asset 

Total assets 

39 | P a g e  

Level 1 
US$ 

Level 2 
US$ 

Level 3 
US$ 

Total 
US$ 

631,257 
- 
631,257 

630,610 
- 

630,610 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
53,120 

53,120 

631,257 
- 
631,257 

630,610 
53,120 

683,730 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

There were no transfers between levels during the financial year. 

Level 3 financial derivative unobservable inputs and sensitivity are as follows: 

Description 

Unobservable inputs 

Sensitivity 

Financial derivative 

Share price 

Volatility  

Decease share price decrease fair value 

Increase volatility significantly increase or 
decrease fair value 

Accounting policy for fair value measurement 

When an asset or liability, financial or non-financial, is measured at fair value for recognition or disclosure purposes, the fair value 
is based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market 
participants at the measurement date; and assumes that the transaction will take place either: in the principal market; or in the 
absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market. 

Fair value is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming they 
act in their  economic best interests. For  non-financial assets, the fair value measurement is based on its  highest and best use. 
Valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, 
are used, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs. 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified, into three levels, using a fair value hierarchy that reflects the significance 
of the inputs used in making the measurements. Classifications are reviewed at each reporting date and transfers between levels 
are determined based on a reassessment of the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. 

Fair value in active market (Level 1) 

The  fair  value  of  financial  assets  and  liabilities  traded  in  active  markets  (such  as  publicly  traded  derivatives  and  listed  equity 
securities) are based on quoted market prices at the close of trading at the end of the reporting period without any deduction for 
estimated future selling costs. 

A  financial  instrument  is  regarded  as  quoted  in  an  active  market  if  quoted  prices  are  readily  and  regularly  available  from  an 
exchange, dealer, broker, industry group, pricing service, or regulatory agency, and those prices represent actual and regularly 
occurring market transactions on an arm’s length basis. 

Fair value in an inactive or unquoted market (Level 2 and Level 3) 

The fair value of financial assets that are not traded in an active market is determined using valuation techniques. These include 
the use of recent share price from capital raising and option pricing models that provides a reliable estimate of prices obtained in 
actual market transactions. 

For option pricing models, inputs are based on available market data. Fair values for unquoted equity investments are estimated, 
using the latest share price from capital raising. Some of the inputs to these models may not be market observable and are therefore 
estimated based on assumptions. 

6. 

Group Structure 

6.1  Basis of consolidation 

(c)  Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when 
the Group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those 
returns through its power to direct the activities of the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control 
is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases.  

Investments in subsidiaries are carried at their cost of acquisition in the Company’s financial statements. 

40 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

(d)  Transactions eliminated on consolidation 

Intragroup balances, and any unrealised gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intragroup transactions, are 
eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.  

(e)  Comparatives 

Prior period comparative are for the year from 1 July 2018 to 30 June 2019. 

6.2  Foreign currency 

(a)  Foreign currency transactions 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency at the foreign exchange rate ruling at the date of 
the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the reporting date are translated to United 
States dollars at the foreign exchange rate ruling at that date. Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognised 
in the Statement of Profit or Loss and other Comprehensive Income. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in 
terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are stated at fair value are translated to US$ at foreign exchange 
rates ruling at the dates the fair value was determined. 

(b)  Financial statements of foreign operations 

The assets and liabilities of Australian subsidiaries, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on consolidation, are 
translated to US dollars at foreign exchange rates ruling at the reporting date. The revenues and expenses of foreign operations, 
excluding foreign operations in hyperinflationary economies, are translated to US dollars at rates approximating to the foreign 
exchange rates ruling at the dates of the transactions. 

Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognised directly in the foreign currency translation reserve (“FCTR”), 
as a separate component of equity. When a foreign operation is disposed of, in part or in full, the relevant amount in the FCTR 
is transferred to profit or loss, as part of the gain or loss on sale where applicable. 

(c)  Net investment in foreign operations 

Exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign operations, and of related effective hedges 
are taken to translation reserve and released into profit or loss upon disposal. 

6.3 

Parent Entity Disclosures 

The parent entity within the Group is African Energy Resources Limited.   

Current Assets 
Non-Current Assets 

Total Assets 

Current Liabilities 

Total Liabilities 

Contributed equity 
Reserves 
Accumulated losses 

Total Equity 

Gain (loss) for the year 
Other comprehensive income / (loss) for the year 

Total comprehensive income / (loss) for the year 

41 | P a g e  

2020 
US$ 
1,406,373 
7,187,793 

8,594,166 

- 
- 

64,134,977 
(126,300) 
(55,414,511) 
8,594,166 

(2,951,523) 
- 
(2,951,523) 

2019 
US$ 
1,851,913 
10,149,113 

12,001,026 

- 
- 

64,134,977 
4,860,950 
(59,994,901) 
12,001,026 

(1,076,229) 
- 
(1,076,229) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

There were no commitments, contingent liabilities or contingent assets at the parent level at 30 June 2020.  

6.4 

Subsidiaries 

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the assets, liabilities and results of the following principal subsidiaries in 
accordance with the accounting policy described in note 6.1(a). 

Country of incorporation 

British Virgin Is. 
Botswana 
Barbados 
Botswana 
Australia 

Ownership 
interest 
2020 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

Ownership 
interest 
2019 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

Botswana Energy Solutions Limited 
  Mmamantswe Coal (Pty) Ltd 
African Energy Holdings SRL 2 
  Phokoje Power (Pty) Ltd  
AFR Australia Pty Ltd 

7. 

Related parties 

7.1 

Key Management Personnel 

US$299,517 (2019: US$225,895) was paid to Directors of the Company during the year. Disclosures relating to key management 
personnel are set out in the Remuneration Report. During the prior year, there was a negative balance for equity compensation 
benefits due to the reversal of share-based payment expenses. 

Short-term employee benefits 
Post-employment benefits 
Equity compensation benefits 

7.2 

Other related party transactions 

2020 
US$ 
297,284 
2,233 
- 
299,517 

2019 
US$ 
331,509 
6,592 
(112,206) 
225,895 

The terms and conditions of the transactions with Directors, key executives and associates and their related entities were no 
more favourable than those available, or which might reasonably be expected to be available, on similar transactions to non-
Director related entities on an arm’s length basis. 

Charges from 

Charges to 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

2020 
US$ 

2019 
US$ 

Mitchell River Group Pty Ltd 

70,475 

52,851 

- 

- 

Directors Mr Cooke, Mr Fry and Dr Tabeart are Directors and 25% shareholders of Mitchell River Group Pty Ltd which charges 
the Group for provision of a serviced office and administration staff. 

7.3 

Assets and liabilities at 30 June arising from transactions with related parties 

Trade and other receivables 
Trade and other payables 

2020 
US$ 

- 
2,184 

2019 
US$ 

- 
6,205 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

8. 

Share based payments 

8.1 

Performance Rights 

The Company has granted performance rights to Directors and employees are as follows: Fair Value of performance rights is 
equal to the market price on the date of issue.  

Issue Date 

Expiry Date 

28-Nov-14 
28-Nov-14 
28-Nov-14 
31-Mar-15 
22-Nov-16 
22-Nov-16 
15-Aug-17 

27-Nov-19 
27-Nov-19 
27-Nov-19 
30-Mar-20 
31-Dec-19 
31-Dec-19 
31-Dec-19 

Vesting 
hurdle 

FC 
PPA2 
PPAZ 
MMA2 
PPA3 
BFS2 
GEO2 

Unvested at 
30 June 2019 

Issued in 
Year 

Vested 
in Year 

Expired in 
Year* 

Unvested at 
30 June 2020 

Fair Value 
(AUD) 

4,500,000 
666,667 
300,000 
500,000 
1,166,667 
100,000 
300,000 
7,533,334 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

4,500,000 
666,667 
300,000 
500,000 
1,166,667 
100,000 
300,000 
7,533,334 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

* All performance that expired during the year did because the expiry date of the performance right had passed 

PPAZ 

FC 

MMA2 
PPA2 

PPA3 

BFS2 

GEO2 

Formal execution of a PPA between the Sese JV company and ZESCO for the full output of a 300MW IPP 
at Sese 
Financial close of a 300MW power station whereby all conditions are satisfied by all parties and all 
agreements are executed, or when FQM have made a formal financial commitment to a 300MW power 
station at Sese 
unconditional completion of binding SSA or successful award of SA IPP tender to Mmamantswe 
Formal execution of a 300MW Sese PPA or when FQM have made a formal financial commitment to a 
300MW power station at Sese by 27/11/2019 
Formal execution of a 300MW Sese PPA or when FQM have made a formal financial commitment to a 
300MW power station at Sese by 31/12/2019 
successful completion of a bankable feasibility study on Sese Coal Project or when FQM have made a 
formal financial commitment to a 300MW power station at Sese from 1 October 2018 to 31 December 
2019 
100% upon sign off of Mining Reserve or when FQM have made a formal financial commitment to a 
300MW power station at Sese 

9. 

Other 

9.1 

Events occurring after the reporting period 

On 20 July 2020, the Company issued 31,124,532 options exercisable at AUD$0.02 (2 cents) to a consultant. These options will vest 
upon the successful completion of an agreement that results in a new party becoming a majority shareholder in the Sese Joint Venture 
and expire on 20 July 2022. 

The impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is ongoing and while it has not significantly impacted the entity up to 30 June 
2020, it is not practicable to estimate the potential impact, positive or negative, after the reporting date. The situation is rapidly 
developing and is dependent on measures imposed by the Australian Government and other countries, such as maintaining social 
distancing requirements, quarantine, travel restrictions and any economic stimulus that may be provided. 

No other matters or circumstances have arisen since the end of the financial year which have significantly affected or may 
significantly affect the operations, results or state of affairs of the Group in future financial years which have not been disclosed 
publicly at the date of this report. 

9.2 

Contingencies and Commitments 

There were no contingent assets or liabilities in the Group at 30 June 2020. There were no commitments at 30 June 2020. 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Notes to the Financial Statements (continued) 

9.3 

Remuneration of Auditors 

BDO Audit (WA) Pty Ltd: Audit and review of financial reports 

9.4 

New standards and interpretations not yet adopted 

Early adoption of accounting standards 

2020 
US$ 

30,848 
30,848 

2019 
US$ 

25,800 
25,800 

The Group has not elected to apply any pronouncements before their operative date in the annual reporting year beginning 
1 July 2019. 

New or amended Accounting Standards and Interpretations adopted 

The Group has adopted all of the new or amended Accounting Standards and Interpretations issued by the Australian 
Accounting Standards Board ('AASB') that are mandatory for the current reporting period. 

Any new or amended Accounting Standards or Interpretations that are not yet mandatory have not been early adopted. 

The following Accounting Standards and Interpretations are most relevant to the Group: 

AASB 16 Leases 

The Group has adopted AASB 16 from 1 July 2019. The standard replaces AASB 117 'Leases' and for lessees eliminates the 
classifications of operating leases and finance leases. Except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets, right-of-
use assets and corresponding lease liabilities are recognised in the statement of financial position. Straight-line operating 
lease expense recognition is replaced with a depreciation charge for the right-of-use assets (included in operating costs) and 
an interest expense on the recognised lease liabilities (included in finance costs). In the earlier periods of the lease, the 
expenses associated with the lease under AASB 16 will be higher when compared to lease expenses under AASB 117. 
However, EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortisation) results improve as the operating expense is 
now replaced by interest expense and depreciation in profit or loss. For classification within the statement of cash flows, the 
interest portion is disclosed in operating activities and the principal portion of the lease payments are separately disclosed in 
financing activities. For lessor accounting, the standard does not substantially change how a lessor accounts for leases. 

Impact of adoption 

AASB 16 was adopted using the modified retrospective approach and as such the comparatives have not been restated. The 
impact of adoption of AASB16 was not material to the financial statements. 

When adopting AASB 16 from 1 July 2019, the Group has applied the following practical expedients:                   

• 

• 

• 

Applying a single discount rate to the portfolio of leases with reasonably similar characteristics; 

Accounting for leases with a remaining lease term of 12 months as at 1 July 2019 as short-term leases; 

Excluding any initial direct costs from the measurement of right-of-use assets; 

•  Using hindsight in determining the lease term when the contract contains options to extend or terminate the 

lease; and 

•  Not apply AASB 16 to contracts that were not previously identified as containing a lease. 

Standards and Interpretations in use not yet adopted 

Australian Accounting Standards and Interpretations that have recently been issued or amended but are not yet mandatory, 
have not been early adopted by the Group for the annual reporting period ended 30 June 2020. The Group's assessment of 
the impact of these new or amended Accounting Standards and Interpretations, most relevant to the Group, are set out 
below. 

Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (Conceptual Framework) 

The revised Conceptual Framework is applicable to annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2020 and early 
adoption is permitted. The Conceptual Framework contains new definition and recognition criteria as well as new guidance 
on measurement that affects several Accounting Standards. Where the Group has relied on the existing framework in 
determining its accounting policies for transactions, events or conditions that are not otherwise dealt with under the 
Australian Accounting Standards, the Group may need to review such policies under the revised framework. At this time, the 
application of the Conceptual Framework is not expected to have a material impact on the Group's financial statements. 

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African Energy Resources Limited   

Additional Shareholder Information 

                               Annual Report 2020 

The following additional information required by the ASX Listing Rules is current as at 25 September 2020. 

African Energy Resources Limited shares are listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX:AFR). 

Distribution of Shareholders 

Range 

100,001 and Over 

10,001 to 100,000 
5,001 to 10,000 

1,001 to 5,000 
1 to 1,000 

Total 

Unmarketable Parcels 

Largest 20 shareholders 

Rank  Name 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 

Sentient Group 
First Quantum Minerals 
Alasdair Cooke (and associated entities) 
PS Consulting Pty Ltd  
Stacey Radford  
Bond Street Custodians Limited  
CS Third Nominees Pty Ltd 
Donal Windrim 
Helmet Nominees Pty Ltd 
Mr Miroslaw Jan Marzec & Mrs Barbara Anne Wiszniewski 
General Advisory Pty Ltd 
Mr Timothy John De Burgh 
Mrs Helen Elizabeth Martin  
Mr Brian Henry Mccubbing & Mrs Adriana Maria Mccubbing 
A & J Scott Pty Limited  
Frazer Tabeart (and associated entities) 
Raejan Pty Ltd  
Mr Robert Cooke & Mrs Elizabeth Cooke  
ZW 2 Pty Ltd 
Jolib Pty Ltd 
Total Top 20  

Securities 

%  No. of holders 

591,579,373 

94.96 

27,295,899 
2,381,282 

1,594,269 
109,807 

622,960,630 

9,160,041 

4.38 
0.38 

0.26 
0.02 

100 

1.47 

370 

741 
308 

526 
446 

2,391 

1,597 

% 

15.47 

30.99 
12.88 

22.00 
18.65 

100 

66.79 

%IC 

22.70% 
13.92% 
8.03% 
4.01% 
3.09% 
1.56% 
1.20% 
1.10% 
1.01% 
1.01% 
0.93% 
0.85% 
0.85% 
0.83% 
0.80% 
0.77% 
0.75% 
0.72% 
0.72% 
0.71% 
65.56% 

Number of 
Shares Held 

141,404,786 
86,692,308 
50,003,683 
25,000,000 
19,237,334 
9,693,148 
7,502,500 
6,871,914 
6,306,484 
6,300,000 
5,800,926 
5,276,923 
5,276,923 
5,163,000 
5,000,000 
4,774,100 
4,700,000 
4,500,000 
4,500,000 
4,435,625 
408,439,654 

There were 2,391 holders of 622,960,630 ordinary fully paid shares of the Company. The voting rights attaching to the ordinary shares 
are in accordance with the Company’s Memorandum & Articles of Association being that: 

Class of shares and voting rights 

a.  each shareholder entitled to vote may vote in person or by proxy, attorney or Representative; 
b.  on a show of hands, every person present who is a shareholder or a proxy, attorney or representative of a shareholder has one 

vote; and 

c.  on a poll, every person present who is a shareholder or a proxy, attorney or Representative of a shareholder shall, in respect of 
each fully paid Share held by him, or in respect of which he is appointed a proxy, attorney or Representative, have one vote for the 
Share, but in respect of partly paid Shares, shall, have such number of votes as bears the proportion which the paid amount (not 
credited) is of the total amounts paid and payable (excluding amounts credited).” 

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African Energy Resources Limited 

                            Annual Report 2020 

Additional Shareholder Information (continued) 

Substantial Holders 

As notified to the Company 

Name 

Sentient Group 

First Quantum Minerals 
Alasdair Cooke (and associated entities) 

Other information 

The company has not utilised a share buyback in the past 12 months 

Number Of 
Shares Held 

141,404,786 
86,692,308 
50,003,683 

%IC 

22.70% 
13.92% 
8.03% 

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PERTH OFFICE Suite 1, 245 Churchill Avenue, Subiaco WA 6008  |  PO Box 162, Subiaco WA 6904 
Tel: +61 8 6465 5500  |  Fax: +61 8 6465 5599  |  Email: info@africanenergyresources.com
africanenergyresources.com

African Energy Resources Limited ARBN 123 316 781