Albany International
Annual Report 2023

Plain-text annual report

2 0 2 3 Annual Report and 10-K ALBANY INTERNATIONAL 5,600 EMPLOYEES 32 14 FACILITIES COUNTRIES OUR STRATEGY Focus on markets in which we have the basis for sustainable competitive advantage through the application of advanced material engineering and consistent investments in talent and technology, while delivering exceptional value to our customers. OUR OBJECTIVE Maintain the market leadership position and profitability of our Machine Clothing business, while growing our Albany Engineered Composites business. OUR INVESTMENT PROPOSITION • Industry leader in Machine Clothing with proprietary solutions delivering predictable and strong free cash flow.1 • Highly attractive & differentiated composites business with ample opportunity to grow both near and long-term. • Long history of strong balance sheet, solid execution, and prudent capital management. Albany International is a leading developer and manufacturer of engineered components, using advanced materials processing and automation capabilities, with two core businesses. • Machine Clothing is the world’s leading producer of custom-designed, consumable belts essential for the manufacture of paper, paperboard, tissue and towel, pulp, non-wovens and a variety of other industrial applications. • Albany Engineered Composites is a growing designer and manufacturer of advanced materials-based engineered components for demanding aerospace applications, supporting both commercial and military platforms. Albany International is headquartered in Rochester, New Hampshire, operates 32 facilities in 14 countries, employs approximately 5,600 people worldwide, and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (Symbol AIN). Additional information about the Company and its products and services can be found at www.albint.com. 1Free Cash Flow, a non-GAAP measure is defined as Net cash provided by operating activities – Capital expenditures. For 2023: $148.1 million - $84.5 million = $63.6 million 20232023 US $ million, except per share data Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Net Sales Albany Engineered Composites Machine Clothing $269.1 $115.9 $153.2 $274.1 $114.9 $159.2 $281.1 $114.5 $166.6 $323.6 $131.8 $191.8 EBIT Net income attributable to the Company $40.5 $26.9 $45.5 $26.7 $40.1 $27.1 $41.8 $30.5 Earnings per share - basic Earnings per share - diluted $0.86 $0.86 $0.86 $0.85 $0.87 $0.87 $0.98 $0.97 Adjusted earnings per share - diluted YEARS ENDED DEC 31 US $ million, except per share data $0.91 $0.90 $1.02 $1.22 ‘19 ‘20 ‘21 ‘22 ‘23 Albany Engineered Composites Machine Clothing Total Net Sales $452.9 $601.3 $1,054.1 Albany Engineered Composites Machine Clothing Gross Profit $88.1 $309.6 $397.7 $327.7 $573.0 $900.6 $69.9 $301.1 $371.1 $477.1 $425.4 $310.2 $670.8 $609.5 $619.0 $929.2 $1,034.9 $1,147.9 $55.9 $322.5 $378.4 $77.5 $312.3 $389.8 $92.2 $331.6 $423.7 EBIT $193.6 $166.1 $178.0 $181.0 $167.9 Net income attributable to the Company $132.4 $98.6 $118.5 $95.8 $111.1 Earnings per share - basic Earnings per share - diluted $4.10 $4.10 $3.05 $3.05 $3.66 $3.65 $3.06 $3.04 $3.56 $3.55 Adjusted Earnings per share - basic $4.11 $3.72 $3.56 $3.87 $4.06 Table of Contents 2 | CEO Letter 5 | Global Locations 9 | Form 10-K F I N A N C I A L H G H L I G H T S I 1 L E T T E R T O S H A R E H O L D E R S My fellow shareholders; 2023 was a defining year for Albany International. The company delivered outstanding financial performance with excellent operational execution across our businesses. We also made significant strategic progress for the business segments. OUTSTANDING FINANCIAL RESULTS Revenues grew ~11% year-over-year to ~$1.15 billion, a record for the company. Gross Profit increased ~9%, GAAP Earnings Per Share of $3.55 increased 17% and Adjusted Earnings Per Share of $4.06 represented a 4.9% year-over-year increase. These results attest to the continued outstanding operational execution within Albany’s businesses – the result of the dedication and professionalism of our expanding team across the globe. Our Machine Clothing (MC) segment delivered an outstanding year. Net sales of approximately $670 million, grew $60 million, or 10% year-over-year. The late August acquisition of Heimbach Group, a global machine clothing supplier based in Europe, contributed approximately $50 million to the year-over-year growth. As expected, the acquisition was modestly dilutive to the segment’s operating results. Excluding the Heimbach operations, our legacy MC business grew revenue $10 million and continued to be nicely profitable with Gross Margins in excess of 50% and Adjusted EBITDA margins of approximately 37%. This impressive performance was delivered despite softer business conditions that prevailed throughout 2023 in Europe and during the first half of 2023 in Asia. Our Engineered Composites (AEC) segment grew top line sales revenues $52 million, or 12%, to $477 million. Its Adjusted EBITDA of $91 million grew approximately 16% year- over-year. During 2023 our commercial aviation programs were in their second full year of recovery and all our major commercial programs; LEAP, 787 and GE9X, contributed $33 million to year-over-year sales growth. Additional layers of growth came from space platforms and a variety of smaller programs. NET SALES USD MILLIONS ADJUSTED EBITDA USD MILLIONS ADJUSTED EBITDA MARGIN USD MILLIONS 1 , 0 5 4 . 1 9 0 0 . 6 9 2 9 . 2 1 , 1 4 7 . 9 1 , 0 3 4 . 9 2 6 5 . 4 2 5 1 . 9 2 5 0 . 9 2 5 3 . 5 2 6 5 . 1 2 8 . 0 % 2 7 . 0 % 2 5 . 2 % 2 4 . 5 % 2 3 . 1 % ‘19 ‘20 ‘21 ‘22 ‘23 ‘19 ‘20 ‘21 ‘22 ‘23 ‘19 ‘20 ‘21 ‘22 ‘23 2 2Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income excluding interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, excluding costs or benefits that are not reflective of the Company’s ongoing or expected future operational performance. Such excluded costs or benefits do not consist of normal, recurring cash items necessary to generate revenues or operate our business. See Item 7 in the 2023 Form 10-K for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Net Income. 3Adjusted EBITDA divided by Net sales. STRATEGIC PROGRESS Technological innovation, operational execution, customer satisfaction, and capital discipline are keys to the long-term success of our company. We made significant progress across our business segments in each area. As mentioned above, MC completed the acquisition of Heimbach Group, a leading machine clothing producer, in late August. We will continue to serve the customer base with both the Albany and Heimbach brands; with increased efficiency across the globe. Our reputation for innovative technical solutions is enhanced by complementary technologies that Heimbach brings. And, of course, we will leverage Albany’s proven track record of operating expertise. The combination furthers our global leadership position as the partner-of-choice for machine clothing customers. Integration efforts are well underway and proceeding as planned. From a financial perspective we expect the acquisition will deliver meaningful long-term value for our shareholders. With an effective purchase multiple of 3.5 to 4.0x EBITDA driven by efficiencies and cost savings, we expect it to be accretive to earnings and cash flow in 2025 and beyond. The Engineered Composites segment is expected to be the primary driver of revenue, earnings and cash flow growth for the company in the future. In the medium-term our success is tied to continued world-class operating excellence; our reputation for outstanding quality, on-time delivery, and customer service. It is fundamental to attracting new business and building a portfolio of high-quality, long-term, and profitable programs. Our quality and delivery performance on the CH-53K aft-transition program in 2023 has been noticed in the industry and has been instrumental in further expanding new business opportunities in 2024 with both existing and new customers. We have excellent visibility and confidence in our ability to achieve our top line revenue goal of $600 million by 2026. We have a robust new business pipeline that offers more opportunities than we could possibly execute and allows us to choose which opportunities to pursue. Our goal is to shape our program portfolio in a way that thoughtfully manages risk and opportunity while providing attractive return on the capital we invest. Longer-term our success will be driven by technical innovation. We have advanced material and production technologies that solve real-world design challenges. Furthermore, we believe our technologies are well positioned to help deliver on the promise of sustainable aviation and help meet the demanding requirements of the next generation of commercial, defense and space applications. These new programs will be developed and designed in the coming decade. That means we must invest time and effort today to participate in these next generation platforms. We have been working directly with a variety of OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers on a number of applications that take advantage of our technologies. PEOPLE We believe our employees are our greatest competitive advantage. We invest in them to ensure a great employee experience. We have deliberately built a culture dedicated to fostering technical innovation and excellence in execution that provides an environment where our people can reach their full potential. L E T T E R T O S H A R E H O L D E R S 3 Investing in our people starts with health and safety, because we know that a safe working environment is essential in a high-performance organization. We provide programs and initiatives that support employees as they gain valuable experience and develop new skills. Employees receive training and development opportunities to enhance their knowledge and skills, to advance their career and reach their career aspirations. Our commitment includes providing initiatives and programs supporting a diversity of talent and fostering a culture where diversity of experiences, backgrounds and skills are respected and valued. It is an important element to maintaining a high-performance culture. SUSTAINABILITY Technological innovation is a key to the company’s long-term success. As demands for greater sustainability grow for our customers, we are proud to provide a partnership to solve complex challenges with our innovative products and technologies. For example, in our AEC business, Albany’s advanced 3D woven wing rib technology demonstration article is focused on reducing aviation emissions and demonstrating the importance of large-scale industry collaboration to achieve that goal. In our MC business, our products support our customers in the shift to less resource intensive packaging and lighter-weight paper grades while maintaining all the necessary physical properties for packaging transport and use. This results in more efficient utilization of wood fiber, lower production energy consumption and a reduction in the energy needed to transport products throughout the supply chain. We are also committed to doing our own part to contribute to the goals and objectives of the Paris Climate Agreement. We took several important steps in 2023 to enhance our emissions calculations and advance our emissions reduction strategy. We are committed to establishing near-term Science-Based Targets and expect to have set formal emissions reduction targets and goals aligned with the Paris Agreement within the next 24 months. I came to Albany in September, and it has been a great start to what I intend to be a long career. The company is in excellent financial health, has outstanding operational execution, and proprietary technologies that are well positioned to solve the challenges of our customers. The Albany team performed exemplary in 2023 and I want to thank Bill Higgins for his leadership over the past few years. We are set up well for another strong year at Albany and I am excited to help guide this company and the most competitive advantage, our people, for years to come. Sincerely, Gunnar Kleveland President & Chief Executive Officer L E T T E R T O S H A R E H O L D E R S 4 G L O B A L L O C A T I O N S 5 MC = Machine Clothing Facility AEC = Albany Engineered Composites Facility YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, (in millions, except percentages) 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 NET REVENUES Total company $1,054.1 $900.6 $929.2 $1,034.9 $1,147.9 Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) Net income (GAAP) Interest expense, net Income tax expense Depreciation and amortization expense $133.4 $97.2 $118.8 $96.5 $111.6 16.9 44.8 70.8 13.6 41.8 72.7 14.9 47.2 74.3 14.0 35.5 69.0 13.6 48.8 76.7 EBITDA (non-GAAP) 265.9 225.4 255.1 215.0 250.8 Adjustments, after tax:4 Restructuring expenses, net 2.9 5.7 1.3 0.1 Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses4,5 (3.2) 15.4 (1.4) (9.8) CEO transition expenses Inventory step-up impacting Cost of goods sold Dissolution of business relationships in Russia Pension settlement expense IP address sale Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection (AMJP) grant Pension settlement/curtailment expense Former CEO termination costs Acquisition/integration costs - - - - - - 0.5 - 0.6 - - - - - - - 2.7 1.3 - - - - - (4.7) - - - - 2.3 49.1 (3.4) - - - 0.3 1.3 2.7 5.5 - - - - - - 1.2 1.1 5.2 Pre-tax (income)/loss attributable to noncontrolling interest (1.3) 1.3 (0.5) (0.8) (0.7) Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) $265.4 $251.9 $250.9 $253.5 $265.1 Adjusted EBITDA Margin (non-GAAP) 25.2% 28.0% 27.0% 24.5% 23.1% 4 In 2020, the company recorded losses of approximately $14 million in jurisdictions where it cannot record a tax benefit from the losses, which results in an unusual relationship between the pre-tax and after-tax amounts. 5 Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses represent unrealized gains and losses arising from the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies on the balance sheet date. - N O N G A A P R E C O N C I L I A T I O N S 6 YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, (in millions, except percentages) 2019 2020 Per share amounts 2021 2022 2023 Adjusted EPS (non-GAAP) Earnings per share attributable to Company shareholders - Basic (GAAP) $4.10 $3.05 $3.66 $3.06 $3.56 Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation plans - - (0.01) (0.02) (0.01) Earnings per share attributable to Company shareholders - Diluted (GAAP) Adjustments, after tax:4 $4.10 $3.05 $3.65 $3.04 $3.55 Restructuring expenses, net 0.06 0.11 0.02 0.01 0.01 Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses4,5 (0.07) 0.46 (0.04) (0.23) 0.03 - - 0.09 0.14 CEO transition expenses Inventory step-up impacting Cost of goods sold Dissolution of business relationships in Russia Pension settlement expense IP address sales Tax impact of stranded OCI benefit from TCJA for pension liability6 AMJP grant Former CEO termination costs Withholding tax related to internal restructuring - - - - - - - - - Pension curtailment charge 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.06 - - - - - - 0.06 1.20 - (0.08) - (0.17) (0.11) - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.10 - Acquisition/integration costs 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.14 Adjusted Diluted earnings per share (non-GAAP) $4.11 $3.72 $3.56 $3.87 $4.06 6 Our Adjusted EPS excluded the benefit from the reclassification of stranded income tax effects caused by the TCJA associated with the U.S. pension plan liability that was eliminated in September 2022, a one-time event that would not recur in the future. Such stranded income tax effect represented a one-time benefit that distorted the effective tax rate for the quarter and year-to-date ended September 30, 2022, and would not be indicative of ongoing or expected future income tax rate at the Company. Management believes excluding pension settlement expense and its income tax impact, including the stranded income tax effects, from its Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EPS for the quarter and year-to-date ended September 30, 2022 would provide investors a transparent view and enhanced ability to better assess the Company’s ongoing operational and financial performance. - N O N G A A P R E C O N C I L I A T I O N S 7 THREE MONTHS ENDED, (in millions, except percentages) Per share amounts Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Adjusted Quarterly EPS (non-GAAP) Earnings per share attributable to Company shareholders - Basic (GAAP) $0.86 $0.86 $0.87 $0.97 Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation plans - (0.01) - - Earnings per share attributable to Company shareholders - Diluted (GAAP) $0.86 $0.85 $0.87 $0.97 Adjustments, after tax: Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses5 0.04 (0.08) - 0.07 CEO transition expenses Inventory step-up impacting Cost of goods sold Withholding tax related to internal restructuring - - - - - 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.10 0.10 - - Acquisition/integration costs 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.06 Adjusted Diluted earnings per share (non-GAAP) $0.91 $0.89 $1.02 $1.22 - N O N G A A P R E C O N C I L I A T I O N S 5Please see footnote 5, on page 6. 8 ☒ ☐ UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ______________________________________________________________ FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2023 OR TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from __________ to __________. Commission file number: 1-10026 ______________________________________________________________ ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. _________________________________________________________________ (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 216 Airport Drive, Rochester, New Hampshire (Address of principal executive offices) 14-0462060 (IRS Employer Identification No.) 03867 (Zip Code) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code 603-330-5800 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share Trading Symbol(s) AIN Name of each exchange on which registered The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer Non-accelerated filer ☒ ☐ Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company Emerging growth company ☐ ☐ ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒ The aggregate market value of the Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on June 30, 2023, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second quarter, computed by reference to the price at which Common Stock was last sold on such a date, was $2.9 billion. The registrant had 31.2 million shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding as of February 16, 2024. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 10, 2024. PART III 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Item 1. Business Item 1A. Risk Factors Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments Item 1C. Cybersecurity Item 2. Properties Item 3. Legal Proceedings Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of PART II Equity Securities Item 6. [Reserved] Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Item 9B. Other Information Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Item 11. Executive Compensation PART III Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Item 13. Certain Relationships, Related Transactions and Director Independence Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules PART IV 13 21 35 35 37 38 38 39 40 40 57 58 119 119 120 121 121 122 123 123 124 10 Forward-Looking Statements This annual report and the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein contain statements concerning our future results and performance and other matters that are “forward-looking” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are intended to provide management's current expectations or plans for our future operating and financial performance, based on assumptions currently believed to be valid. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of terminology such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” "seek," "target," "approximately," “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “may,” “will,” "would," “should,” "could," or the negative of such words or other comparable terminology in connection with a discussion of future operating or financial performance. The discussion of financial outlook, trends, strategy, plans, assumptions, or intentions may also include forward- looking statements. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, such as financial performance forecasts, which speak only as of the date they are first made. Because forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward- looking statements. There are a number of risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected, anticipated, or implied, including, but not limited to: • Conditions in the industries in which our Machine Clothing and Albany Engineered Composites segments compete, along with the general risks associated with macroeconomic conditions, including the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic; • • • • • • • • • • Across the entire Company, increasing labor, raw material, energy, and logistic costs due to supply chain constraints and inflationary pressures; these challenges have only increased as a result of the ongoing Russia-Ukraine war and the conflict in the Middle East; Harm caused by changes in our relationships or contracts with suppliers and customers; In the Machine Clothing segment, greater than anticipated declines in the demand for publication grades of paper, or lower than anticipated growth in other paper grades; In the Albany Engineered Composites segment, longer-than-expected timeframe for the aerospace industry to utilize existing inventories, and unanticipated reductions in demand, delays, technical difficulties or cancellations in aerospace programs that are expected to generate revenue and drive long-term growth; Inability of our Machine Clothing or Albany Engineered Composite segments to create additional production capacity in a timely manner or the occurrence of other manufacturing or supply difficulties (including as a result of geopolitical crises, natural disaster, public health crises and epidemics/pandemics, regulatory or otherwise); Changes in geopolitical conditions impacting countries where the Company does or intends to do business; Failure to achieve or maintain anticipated profitable growth; Failure to achieve our strategic initiatives and other goals, including, but not limited to, our sustainability goals; In the Albany Engineered Composites segment, the estimates and expectations based on aircraft production rates provided by Airbus, Boeing and others; In the Albany Engineered Composites segment, risks and uncertainties associated with the successful implementation and ramp up of significant new programs, including the ability to manufacture the products to the detailed specifications required and recover start-up costs and other investments in the programs; 11 • • • • • • • • • • • Adverse impacts from inflation, an economic slowdown or recession and by disruption in capital and credit markets that might impede our access to credit, increase our borrowing costs and impair the financial soundness of our customers and suppliers; Risks and uncertainties associated with the successful integration of our Heimbach Group acquisition; Expectations regarding our ability to attract, motivate, and retain the workforce necessary to execute our business strategy; Adverse impacts from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; Harm caused by large customer purchase reductions, payment defaults or contract non-renewal; In the Albany Engineered Composites segment, our contracts with government entities involve future funding and compliance risks; Costly and disruptive legal disputes and settlements; Future levels of indebtedness and capital expenditures; Adverse impacts from changes in tax legislation or challenges to our tax positions; Cybersecurity incidents or significant computer system compromises or data breaches; Significant problems with information systems or networks; and • Other risks and uncertainties detailed in this report and other periodic reports. Further information concerning important factors that could cause actual events or results to be materially different from the forward-looking statements can be found in “Business Environment Overview and Trends” in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, as well as in Item 1A, Risk Factors. Although we believe the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, it is not possible to foresee or identify all factors that could have a material and negative impact on our future performance. The forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference in this annual report are made on the basis of our assumptions and analyses, as of the time the statements are made, in light of our experience and perception of historical conditions, expected future developments, and other factors believed to be appropriate under the circumstances, except as otherwise required by law. 12 Item 1. Business PART I Albany International Corp. (the Registrant, the Company, Albany, we, us, or our) and its subsidiaries are engaged in two business segments. The Machine Clothing (“MC”) segment supplies consumable permeable and impermeable belts used in the manufacture of paper, paperboard, tissue and towel, pulp, nonwovens, fiber cement and several other industrial applications. Within the pulp and paper industry these belts are referred to as “machine clothing” or “paper machine clothing.” In other industries we serve the products we produce are generally referred to as “processing belts.” We design, manufacture, and market paper machine clothing for each section of the paper machine and for every grade of paper. We manufacture and sell approximately twice as much paper machine clothing worldwide than any other company. Paper machine clothing products are customized, consumable products of technologically sophisticated design that utilize polymeric materials in a complex structure. The design and material composition of paper machine clothing can have a considerable effect on the quality of paper products produced and a meaningful effect on the energy and resource efficiency of the paper machines on which it is used. Principal paper machine clothing products include forming, pressing, and drying fabrics, and process belts. A forming fabric assists in paper sheet formation and conveys the very wet sheet through the forming section. Pressing fabrics are designed to carry the sheet through the press section, where water is pressed from the sheet as it passes through the press nip. In the drying section, drying fabrics manage air movement and hold the sheet against heated cylinders to enhance drying to a final moisture content between 4 percent to 9 percent, depending on the grade. Process belts are used in the press section to increase dryness and enhance sheet properties, as well as in other sections of the machine to improve runnability and enhance sheet qualities. The MC segment also supplies engineered processing belts used in the manufacturing process in the pulp, corrugator, nonwovens, fiber cement, building products, and textile industries. The MC segment sells its products directly to customer end-users in countries across the globe. MC products, manufacturing processes, and distribution channels are substantially the same in each region of the world in which we operate. The sales of paper machine clothing forming, pressing, and drying fabrics, individually and in the aggregate, accounted for more than 10 percent of our consolidated Net revenues during one or more of the last three years. No individual customer accounted for as much as 10 percent of MC segment Net revenues in any of the periods presented. A majority of MC segment Net revenues in the year ended December 31, 2023 were for use in the production of the growing grades of tissue, containerboard, other paper categories, and other engineered fabrics, while less than 20 percent of MC segment Net revenues were for the production of the declining newsprint and printing and writing papers categories. On August 31, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Heimbach GmbH ("Heimbach"), a privately-held manufacturer of paper machine clothing and technical textiles, as further described in Note 24, Business Combination, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The financial results of the acquired company are included in the MC reportable segment. The Albany Engineered Composites (“AEC”) segment, provides highly engineered, advanced composite structures to customers in the commercial and defense aerospace industries. The segment includes Albany Safran Composites, LLC (“ASC”), in which our customer, SAFRAN Group ("SAFRAN"), owns a 10 percent noncontrolling interest. AEC, through ASC, is the exclusive supplier to the LEAP program of advanced composite fan blades and fan cases under a long-term supply contract. The LEAP engine is used on the Airbus A320neo, Boeing 737 MAX, and COMAC 919 aircrafts. AEC’s largest aerospace customer is SAFRAN and sales to SAFRAN (consisting primarily of fan blades and cases for CFM’s LEAP engine) accounted for approximately 16 percent of the Company’s consolidated Net revenues in 2023. Other significant AEC programs include the production of structures, parts and sub-assemblies for the Sikorsky CH-53K helicopter, F-35 fighter jet, Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile ("JASSM"), and Boeing 787 aircraft. AEC also supplies vacuum waste tanks for most Boeing commercial aircraft, as well as the fan case for the GE9X engine. In 2023, approximately 39 percent of the AEC segment’s revenues were related to U.S. government contracts or programs. 13 See “Business Environment Overview and Trends” under Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, for a discussion of general segment developments in recent years. Following is a table of Net revenues by segment for years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021. (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Total net revenues 2023 2022 2021 $ 670,768 $ 477,141 609,461 $ 425,426 619,015 310,225 $ 1,147,909 $ 1,034,887 $ 929,240 The table that sets forth certain Net revenues, operating income, and balance sheet data appears in Note 3, Reportable Segments and Geographic Data, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. International Operations Our MC business segment maintains manufacturing facilities in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. MC's global manufacturing footprint is designed to most efficiently meet regional customer requirements. Our AEC business segment maintains manufacturing facilities in the United States, France, Mexico, and Germany to meet customer demand in those regions. Our global presence subjects us to certain risks, including tariffs and other restrictions on trade, and controls on foreign exchange and the repatriation of funds. While the direct impact of recent developments in global trade and tariff policy has not been significant, there is risk that the impact of such developments on companies in our supply chain will be reflected in higher costs from affected suppliers. We have a cash repatriation strategy that targets a certain amount of foreign current year earnings that are not indefinitely reinvested. Changes in the trade or regulatory compliance in any country that we have significant cash balances could make it difficult to repatriate foreign earnings cost-effectively in the future. Research and Development and Technology We invest in research, new product development, and technical analysis with the objective of maintaining our technological leadership in each business segment. While much of our research activity supports existing products, we also engage in significant research and development activities for new technology platforms, products and product enhancements. Our MC segment products are custom-designed for each user, depending on the type, size, and speed of the machine, and the products being produced. Products are specifically designed for each section and position on a machine, the grade of product being produced, and the quality of the stock used. Technical expertise, judgment, and experience are critical in designing the appropriate clothing for each machine, position, and application. As a result, many employees in sales and technical functions have engineering degrees, paper mill experience, or other manufacturing experience in the markets in which we operate. Our market leadership position reflects our commitment to technology innovation. This innovation has resulted in new products and enhancements across all of our product lines. AEC designs, develops and manufactures advanced composite parts and sub-assemblies for complex aerospace applications, using a range of core technologies, including its proprietary 3D-woven reinforced composites technology, traditional 2D laminated composite structures, automated fiber placement for both thermoplastics and thermoset composites as well as rigid installation for through-thickness reinforcements, and braided structures. In addition to continuous significant investment in core research and development activities in pursuit of new proprietary products and manufacturing processes, experienced research and development employees in each business segment also work collaboratively with customers, OEMs and suppliers on targeted development efforts to introduce new products and applications in their respective markets. Technical and research expenses totaled $40.6 million in 2023, $39.9 million in 2022, and $38.9 million in 2021. In 2023, these costs were 3.5 percent of total Company Net revenues, including $16.0 million, or 3.3 percent of Net revenues, in our AEC segment. Research and development in the AEC segment include both Company-sponsored and customer-funded activities. Some customer funded research and development may be on a cost sharing basis, in 14 which case, amounts charged to the collaborating entity are credited against research and development costs. For customer-funded research and development in which we anticipate funding to exceed expenses, we include amounts charged to the customer in Net revenues. Cost of goods sold associated with customer-funded research was $6.4 million in 2023, $5.2 million in 2022, and $5.2 million in 2021. We have developed, and continue to develop, proprietary intellectual property germane to the industries we serve. Our intellectual property takes many forms, including patents, trademarks, trade names and domains, and trade secrets. Our trade secrets include, among other things, manufacturing know-how and unique processes and equipment. Because intellectual property in the form of patents is published, we often forgo patent protection and preserve the intellectual property as trade secrets. We aggressively protect our proprietary intellectual property, pursuing patent protection when appropriate. Our active portfolio currently contains over 2,300 patents, and approximately 100 new patents are typically granted each year. While we consider our total portfolio of intellectual property, including our patents, to be an important competitive advantage, we do not believe that any single patent is critical to the continuation of our business. All brand names and product names are trade names of Albany International Corp. or its subsidiaries. Raw Materials Primary raw materials for our MC products are polymer monofilaments and fibers, which have generally been available from a number of suppliers. In addition, we manufacture polymer monofilaments, a basic raw material for all types of machine clothing, at our facility in Homer, New York, which supplies approximately 25 percent of our worldwide monofilament requirements. In our AEC segment, the primary raw materials are carbon fiber and resin. While there are a number of potential suppliers of carbon fiber and other raw materials used by AEC, the use of certain suppliers may be mandated by customer agreements, and alternative suppliers would be subject to material qualification or other requirements that may preclude or delay their availability. In the case of mandated suppliers, AEC endeavors to enter into long-term supply agreements to help mitigate price and availability risks. Currently, the primary raw materials used in each segment are derived from petroleum, and are therefore sensitive to changes in the price of petroleum and petroleum intermediates. Competition Price and technology are the primary means of competitive differentiation in the industry. Our MC product portfolio is broad and deep, with products for every part of the machine and a wide range of machine types and paper grades. The Company’s research and development team works closely with the sales and technical organization to develop new products to meet changes in customer needs, and also pursues targeted joint development activities with customers and equipment manufacturers to create new products. Albany’s experienced sales and technical team members – many of whom have worked in the industries that we serve – work closely with each customer to acquire deep understanding of the customer’s combination of raw materials, manufacturing equipment, manufacturing processes, and paper, pulp, nonwovens or other product being produced – a combination that is unique to each customer, plant and machine. This experience and knowledge, combined with knowledge of and experience with the Company’s own extensive product portfolio, allows the sales and technical teams to ensure that the appropriate machine clothing products are being supplied for each part of the machine, to customize those products as needed for best performance, and to continuously propose new products that offer each customer the possibility of even better performance and increased savings. Our paper machine clothing solutions enable our customers to reduce energy consumption, improve resource efficiency, and help maintain and improve water quality. These efforts – which effectively integrate the Company’s experience and technological expertise into each product we sell – are reflected in the Company’s strong competitive position in the marketplace. Some of the Company’s paper machine clothing competitors also supply paper machines, papermaking equipment, and aftermarket parts and services, and often bundle machine clothing products with original or rebuilt machines and/or aftermarket services. The primary competitive factors in the markets in which our AEC segment competes are product performance, delivery performance, quality, and price. Achieving lower weight without sacrificing strength is the key to improving fuel efficiency, which helps reduce the carbon emissions footprint of global aviation, and is a critical performance requirement in the aerospace industry. Our broad array of capabilities in composites enables us to offer customers the opportunity to displace metal components and, in some cases, conventional composites with lower-weight, high- strength, and potentially high-temperature resistant composites. The dominant competitive factor is the relative 15 importance the customer places on these performance benefits, which include fuel savings/emissions reductions due to lower weight, against the possible cost advantage of more traditional metal and composite components. Human Capital Resources The health and safety of our employees is our highest priority, and drives the successful execution of our business. Our objective is always zero injuries at work, and our entire workforce from the Board of Directors to our teams on the shop floor work together towards this goal. We track and review safety metrics throughout the year, including Total Recordable Incident Rate ("TRIR") and proactive safety actions taken. Our Board of Directors further reinforces our culture of safety by tying a portion of each Executive Officer's compensation to the achievement of TRIR goals across the entire company. Our talented and innovative people are truly our greatest advantage. We are unwavering in our commitment to nurture a thriving people-first and high-engagement workplace culture defined by mutual respect. We strive to foster an inclusive and equitable culture where diversity of experiences, backgrounds, and skills are valued, respected, and celebrated. We believe that an inclusion-based culture has the power to enhance innovation, nurture an environment where our people can reach their highest potential, and deliver the best solutions to our customers. We believe in the power of open and transparent communication throughout the organization and endeavor to ensure our employees’ voices are heard. We currently employ approximately 5,600 people, with significant global operations in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. Our Employee Value Proposition enables us to provide an outstanding Albany employee experience and strengthen our high-performance organization. We ensure that our global employees receive inclusive and competitive compensation, benefits, and total rewards for their critical contributions at Albany. For employees in the U.S. this includes 401(k) match and profit sharing contribution, paid time off, personal days off, health and dental insurance, pet insurance, reward and recognition programs, and strong commitment to employee well-being and work/life balance. Our talent management strategy focuses on a three-pronged approach: developing and growing our internal talent, hiring the best talent from the market, and leveraging our internship program to identify and build the next generation of talent. To develop internal talent, our talent management process focuses on identifying opportunities for career growth and development within the organization. We are committed to enhancing the employee experience, which includes consistent learning and development to support our employees as they enhance their knowledge, unleash their full potential and reach their career aspirations. We have defined curriculum by disciplines and functions. We also provide a variety of continuous learning opportunities through on-the-job training, virtual training, instructor-led training, and external learning opportunities. Our learning management system provides our employees with over 8,000 courses to choose from, in a flexible format, allowing employees to participate in regular training programs appropriate for their responsibility, and extensive optional training programs have been developed for those who seek professional and personal growth opportunities. All employees are required to participate in safety, ethics and compliance training on a regular basis. Our Chief Human Resources Officer meets regularly with the Chief Executive Officer and the Senior Leadership Team to align People strategy, plan and initiatives with business strategy and goals. Our People Resources plan ensures that we provide a rewarding employee experience across the Company. We continuously review leading and lagging People metrics. To further our Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DE&I) impact, our DE&I Council develops a holistic and actionable DE&I strategy that seeks diversity, nurtures inclusion, amplifies innovation and empowers champions. Our hiring strategy recruits candidates from a broad range of hiring sources that target diverse backgrounds, skills and competencies to fill our open positions with the most qualified candidate. Approximately 27 percent of our global workforce were women in 2023 and 30 percent of our U.S. workforce identified as a ‘U.S. minority’, as defined by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Our Empowering Women Leaders Network aims to continue increasing representation of women at all levels to contribute to the Company’s business success through relationships and partnerships. As part of our DE&I strategy, employees attend an annual DE&I training session to create awareness of the importance of DE&I as part of Albany’s culture. Further, we ensure DE&I training is fully integrated into our continuous learning culture. 16 Our journey on DE&I continues with the establishment of Employee Resource Groups to champion DE&I and foster a diverse and inclusive environment. We fully support global human rights and have aligned our policies and procedures with the United Nations Global Compact and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, among others. In 2023 we issued a standalone Human Rights Policy to further affirm our commitment to human rights throughout our value chain. Sustainability Product Stewardship Our business is centered around driving success for our customers. Our products are designed for performance and consistency, while enabling our customers to improve their environmental footprint through more sustainable and efficient processes and end products. As described above, our paper machine clothing products enable our paper-making customers to reduce their own environmental footprint by reducing their energy consumption, improving resource efficiency, and helping maintain and improve water quality. Energy is one of the top three cost components in the paper making process. Our machine clothing solutions use innovative technologies to reduce the amount of heat energy required for paper production. We continue to innovate and remain focused on developing and bringing to market proprietary products aimed at improving the energy and resource efficiency needed for our customers’ products and their production processes. In aerospace, weight savings that drive fuel efficiency are essential for aircraft producers, if the industry is to achieve its goals for sustainable aviation. This fundamental design goal has driven the increased use of lightweight composite structures in an ever-broadening sphere of aerospace applications. We have applied learnings from our 128+ years of experience manufacturing machine clothing to pioneer 3D weaving technologies to manufacture our composite material. The process involves layering and interweaving fibers in a precise, computer-controlled process to create complex, high-strength parts that allows for the production of lightweight and strong composite parts with high-performance properties. This technology has the ability to produce parts with complex geometries and high-performance properties, such as high strength, stiffness and resistance to impact and fatigue making it well-suited for use in aerospace, defense and industrial applications. These structurally demanding applications have historically been served by heavier, metallic structures, and traditional laminated composites do not possess the required structural characteristics that 3D woven can offer. As such, our proprietary 3D woven technology expands the role that lightweight composites can serve as the next generation of aircraft is designed and built. Our AEC business also develops solutions that champion sustainable energy. Through innovative composite technologies and advanced manufacturing processes, we contribute to the creation of energy-efficient components, reducing the environmental footprint and bolstering the renewable energy sector. Carbon Emissions Footprint We are committed to responsible stewardship of the environment, which includes full compliance with environmental regulation everywhere we operate. And we are committed to going beyond regulatory requirements, implementing responsible and intentional strategies to continually minimize our environmental impact. In 2022, we completed efforts to gather, aggregate, and report comprehensive and comparable information on the energy use and emissions across the 23 Albany facilities in the 11 countries where we have historically operated, in accordance with the Greenhouse Gas ("GHG") Protocol for Scope 1 and Scope 2. In 2023, we partnered with an independent third-party enterprise climate platform to enhance measurement, reporting, and reduction of our carbon emissions. This work sets the foundation for calculating Scope 3 emissions and, importantly, developing a climate transition plan to address both our products and services as well as our company operations and manufacturing footprint. In 2023, we signed a commitment letter with the Science Based Targets Initiative ("SBTi") that commits us to establishing near-term Science-Based Targets. Once committed to SBTi, we have a maximum of 24 months to set formal emissions reduction targets and goals aligned with the Paris Agreement’s ambition of maintaining global temperature rise to 1.5°C. This commitment has the full support of our Board of Directors and Senior Leadership Team, and we look forward to developing these science-based targets along with a comprehensive emissions 17 reduction strategy, tracking and reporting progress at least annually, while continuing to accelerate progress on our energy initiatives across our global portfolio. We continue to focus on the impact of our own operations by evaluating our risks and identifying actionable opportunities to drive meaningful improvement in our energy and GHG emissions intensity, as well as our products’ environmental impact. We are also focused on increased transparency with our first global response to CDP and our first Taskforce on Climate-related Financial Disclosures ("TCFD") Report in 2023. Water and Waste As a global company, Albany operates in 14 countries with varying options available for waste and recycling. We are committed to reducing waste, both from our own operations as well as our customers’, and we continue to look for opportunities to reduce waste generated across our operations and our products. As a first step we strive to separate our waste streams across our operations including general waste, hazardous waste, electronic waste, and carbon fiber/raw material waste. Waste streams are collected via appropriate third parties, with the objective of optimizing reuse and minimizing waste to landfill. For example, at one of our facilities we have achieved zero waste to landfill since 2022, primarily through recycling and converting waste to energy sources. Innovation and partnerships are key to our core business and our sustainability objectives. In our AEC business, we work with a third party specialist carbon fiber recycling company to recycle 3D woven fibers, water jet cut off carbon fibers, and long tow carbon fibers. These materials are recycled and reused in applications such as thermoplastic (which can be recycled) and thermoset products, 3D printing, fiber reinforced concrete, textile yarn, and friction materials. In our MC business, we work with a third party specialist that collects scrap raw materials and converts it into plastic furniture. As recycling technology advances, there are also increasing opportunities to use recycled raw materials in some of our manufacturing processes. We continue to explore and trial various options and are pleased to have identified several recycled materials that meet our rigorous requirements, and which we will be using from 2024. Supply Chain Footprint We recognize the importance of maintaining value and quality throughout our supply chain. We conduct our business ethically, legally, environmentally, and socially responsibly, and we expect the same from our suppliers. Accordingly, we require our global suppliers to respect human rights, employ fair labor practices, and conduct business ethically, as outlined in our Supplier Code of Conduct. In 2023, we began evaluating climate-related risks and opportunities in our value chain, including engaging with suppliers to understand their carbon footprints and driving efficiency in our global logistics. Our procurement teams have also progressed a number of initiatives to drive efficiency and sustainability in our logistics. Climate and Sustainability Reporting and Regulation The past several years have seen an unprecedented increase in interest and focus on sustainability and climate change, with an associated increase in global regulation. Various jurisdictions around the world in which we operate, including the European Union, the U.S., the United Kingdom, Australia, and certain U.S. states, have proposed or adopted new regulations related to sustainability and climate reporting. These and potential future regulations and policies, which include increased mandatory reporting, disclosure and assurance, including potential changes in procurement policies and procedures, could significantly increase our operational and compliance costs. We closely monitor developments in sustainability- and climate-related regulation and their associated impacts on our operations. As described above, we have a comprehensive sustainability program that seeks to manage the risks and opportunities associated with sustainability and climate change. For more information on the risk of sustainability- and climate-related regulation, see Item 1A - Risk Factors. 18 Executive Officers The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the executive officers of the Company as of February 26, 2024: Gunnar Kleveland, 54, President and Chief Executive Officer, joined the Company in 2023. He has served the Company as President and Chief Executive Officer since September 2023. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Kleveland served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Textron Specialized Vehicles Inc. He also served as the President of TRU Simulation + Training Inc. and Executive Vice President of Integrated Operations for Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. Prior to joining Textron in 2004, Mr. Kleveland was a fighter pilot in the Royal Norwegian Air Force (RNoAF) and finished his 15-year career in the air force as the Chief of Flight Safety. Robert D. Starr, 56, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, joined the Company in 2023. Prior to joining the Company, he served for 18 months as Chief Financial Officer of Fairbanks Morse Defense, a privately-held supplier of naval power and propulsion systems. He previously spent 12 years at Kaman Corporation where he served as Chief Financial Officer for 8 years and VP, Treasurer for 4 years. Before joining Kaman, Mr. Starr held increasingly senior treasury roles at large publicly listed companies including Crane Co., Aetna and Fisher Scientific International. Early in his career he worked in investment banking both domestically and internationally across a broad range of industries. Daniel A. Halftermeyer, 62, President – Machine Clothing, joined the Company in 1987. Mr. Halftermeyer has served the Company as President – Machine Clothing since February 2012. He previously served the Company as President – Paper Machine Clothing and Engineered Fabrics from August 2011 to February 2012, as President  – Paper Machine Clothing from January 2010 until August 2011, Group Vice President – Paper Machine Clothing Europe from 2005 to August 2008, Vice President and General Manager – North American Dryer Fabrics from 1997 to March 2005, and Technical Director – Dryer Fabrics from 1993 to 1997. He held various technical and management positions in St. Stephen, South Carolina, and Sélestat, France, from 1987 to 1993. Greg Harwell, 60, President – Albany Engineered Composites, joined the Company in 2019. Mr. Harwell has served the Company as President – Albany Engineered Composites since November 2019. Prior to joining the Company, he served as President of Aerostructures for Precision Castparts (PCC) managing all aspects of the organization for the Aerostructures division. He also served as Vice President and General Manager in charge of Global Operations Strategy at Alcoa Fastening Systems and Rings, and before November 2014 was responsible for multiple operations within Alcoa Fastening Systems. From June 2019 until he joined Albany International, Mr. Harwell was a consultant to Arlington Capital Partners, providing M&A advisory services. Alice McCarvill, 59, Executive Vice President – Human Resources and Chief Human Resources Officer, joined the Company in 2018. Ms. McCarvill has served the Company as Executive Vice President – Human Resources and Chief Human Resources Officer since February 2019. She joined the Company in March 2018 as Executive Vice President- Human Resources. Prior to 2018 she was Group VP Human Resources for Arconic Engineered Products and Solutions. Joseph M. Gaug, 60, Vice President – General Counsel and Secretary, joined the Company in 2004. Mr. Gaug has served the Company as Vice President – General Counsel and Secretary since May 2020. He previously served as Associate General Counsel from 2004 and as Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary from 2006 to May 2020. Prior to 2004 he was a principal at McNamee, Lochner, Titus & Williams, PC. Robert A. Hansen, 66, Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer, joined the Company in 1981. Mr. Hansen has served the Company as Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer since January 2010. He previously served as Vice President – Corporate Research and Development from April 2006 to January 2010, and Director of Technical and Marketing – Europe Press Fabrics from 2004 to April 2006. From 2000 to 2004, he served as Technical Director – Göppingen, Germany. Before 2000, he served the Company in a number of technical management and research and development positions in Europe and the U.S. John J. Tedone, 59, Vice President – Controller and Chief Accounting Officer, joined the Company in 2023. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Tedone was the Chief Accounting Officer at Eos Energy Enterprises, Inc., a developer and manufacturer of energy storage solutions, where he oversaw the accounting, SEC reporting, tax, treasury, and risk management functions. Prior to Eos Energy Enterprises, Inc., Mr. Tedone served as Vice President, Finance and Chief Accounting Officer of Lydall, Inc. He previously spent 16 years at Kaman Corporation where he served as the 19 Vice President, Finance and Chief Accounting Officer from 2007 to 2020. Earlier in his career he held finance and accounting roles of increasing responsibility at Diageo NA, United Technologies Corp., and KPMG. Governance We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware and are the successor to a New York corporation originally incorporated in 1895, which was merged into the Company in August 1987 solely for the purpose of changing the domicile of the corporation. References to the Company that relate to any time prior to the August 1987 merger should be understood to refer to the predecessor New York corporation. We embrace uncompromising honesty and behave ethically and fairly. We are committed to following the laws, regulations, standards, and ethical practices everywhere we do business. Ethics and compliance play an integral part in our decision making and business operations. Our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Business Ethics Policy, and Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Controller, and the charters of the Audit, Compensation, and Governance Committees of the Board of Directors are available at the Corporate Governance section of our website (www.albint.com). Data security is a top priority at the Company. To protect our Company and customer data, we employ industry best practices and adhere to the Center for Internet Security ("CIS") 20 and National Institute of Standards and Technology ("NIST") SP 800-171 cyber security frameworks. Our Data Security strategy is overseen by the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, regularly reviewed at the executive level, directed by our Chief Information Officer, and managed by our Enterprise Cyber Security (ECS) team. For information on our approach, see Item 1C, Cybersecurity in this Part I and the Sustainability section of our website at www.albint.com. Regulatory Matters Our AEC segment business is heavily regulated. We may contract with U.S. Government agencies and entities, or we are a subcontractor to an OEM who contracts directly with U.S. Government agencies and entities. We must comply with, and are affected by, laws and regulations relating to the formation, administration and performance of U.S. Government contracts and contracts with foreign governments. The U.S. Government, and other foreign governments, may terminate any government contract at their convenience or for default, if we fail to meet specified performance measurements. If such contracts were to be terminated for convenience, we would generally be entitled to receive payment for work completed and allowable termination and cancellation costs. If the U.S. Government, and other foreign governments, terminate a contract due to our default, generally, we would only be paid for work that has been accepted by our customer and our customer can require us to pay the differential between the original contract price and cost to re-procure the contract items, net of work accepted from the original contract. In addition, we can be held liable for damages resulting from our default and may be responsible to provide transition services to another supplier or the customer. Available Information Our principal executive offices are located at 216 Airport Drive, Rochester, New Hampshire 03867. Our telephone number is 603-330-5800 and our website address www.albint.com. Our current reports on Form 8-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and annual reports on Form 10-K, proxy statements for our annual stockholders' meetings and amendments to those reports are electronically filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), and all such reports and amendments to such reports filed subsequent to November 15, 2002, have been and will be made available, free of charge, through our website at www.albint.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such filing. In addition, copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K will be made available, free of charge, upon written request. We make our website content available for information purposes only. It should not be relied upon for investment purposes, nor is it incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 20 Item 1A. RISK FACTORS The risks and uncertainties described below are those that we have identified as material, but are not the only risks and uncertainties facing the Company. This list is not all-inclusive or necessarily in order of importance. If any of the events contemplated by the following risks occur, our business, financial condition, or results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Some of these risks are described below and in the documents incorporated by reference, and investors should take these risks into account when evaluating any investment decision involving the Company. Risks related to our business and operations We may fail to realize all of the anticipated benefits of the acquisition of Heimbach or those benefits may take longer to realize than expected. We are devoting significant management attention to integrating the business practices and operations of Heimbach. We may experience disruptions to our business and, if integrated ineffectively, it could restrict the realization of the full expected benefits of the acquisition. The failure to meet the challenges involved in the integration process and to realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition of Heimbach could cause an interruption or loss of momentum in our operations and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Difficulties in the integration of the acquired business may include rationalizing the operations, processes and systems of the acquired business, retaining and motivating key management and employees, and integrating existing business relationships with suppliers and customers. Even if integration is successful, the financial and operational results may differ materially from our assumptions and forecasts due to unforeseen expenses, delays, conditions and liabilities. In addition, we may incur unanticipated costs or expenses following an acquisition, including post-closing asset impairment charges, expenses associated with eliminating duplicate facilities, and other liabilities. Furthermore, the acquisition of Heimbach may result in material unanticipated problems, expenses, charges, liabilities, competitive responses, loss of customers and other business relationships, and diversion of management’s attention. Additional integration challenges may include difficulty in achieving anticipated cost savings, synergies, business opportunities and growth prospects from the acquisition; difficulties in the integration of operations and systems, including pricing and marketing strategies; and difficulties in conforming standards, controls, procedures, financial reporting and accounting and other policies, business cultures and compensation structures. Many of these factors will be outside of our control and any one of them could result in increased costs, including restructuring charges, decreases in revenues and diversion of management’s time and energy, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our acquisition of Heimbach involves inherent risks, and presents financial, managerial and operational challenges that may adversely affect our operating results and financial condition. Our growth strategy includes acquisitions. Acquisitions involve various inherent risks, such as our ability to assess accurately the value, strengths, weaknesses, internal controls, contingent and other liabilities and potential profitability of Heimbach. Heimbach was a privately held company that only closed its books and records annually on December 31st. Interim financial information was limited and reproducing full historical financial records may be difficult. As the Company integrates Heimbach, management could encounter material differences between the accounting policies of the two companies or the financial results of Heimbach for the periods after the fiscal year 2022 audited financial statements, including additional liabilities or other financial information that was not available during due diligence or in the initial period after the closing of the acquisition that, had we known, could have resulted in changes to financial projections, assumptions and estimates used in the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, assessments used to determine the applicability of certain SEC disclosure requirements or the expected benefit of the transaction. While we conducted financial and other due diligence in connection with this acquisition and we generally seek some form of limited protection, such as warranties from the seller, insurance coverage, and placing a portion of the purchase price in escrow to cover potential tax liabilities, Heimbach may have liabilities that are not accurately assessed or brought to our attention at the time of the acquisition. Further, indemnities, insurance or escrow arrangements may not fully cover such matters. 21 The acquisition may present financial, managerial and operational challenges, including, but not limited to: • Increased foreign operations, often with unique issues relating to corporate culture, compliance with legal and regulatory requirements and other challenges; • Assumption of known and unknown liabilities, including environmental liabilities, and exposure to litigation; • Increased levels of debt or dilution to existing stockholders; • New and proposed regulations limiting the enforcement of noncompetition and nonsolicitation agreements; • Production delays associated with consolidating acquired facilities and manufacturing operations; and • Potential cybersecurity risks, as acquired systems may not possess the appropriate security measures. We cannot assure that all potential risks or liabilities are adequately discovered, disclosed, or understood in each instance. In addition, internal controls over financial reporting of acquired companies may not be compliant with required standards. Issues may exist that could rise to the level of significant deficiencies or, in some cases, material weaknesses, particularly with respect to foreign companies or non-public U.S. companies. Customer dissatisfaction or performance problems with an acquired business, technology, service or product could also have a material adverse effect on our reputation and business. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and other potential future public health crises, epidemics, pandemics or similar events on our business, operating results, financial condition and cash flows are uncertain. The public health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures taken by governments, businesses, and the public at large to limit the COVID-19 pandemic's spread has had, and may continue to have, certain negative effects on the markets we serve. These effects included deteriorating general economic conditions in many regions of the world, increased unemployment, decreases in disposable income, decline in consumer confidence, and changes in consumer spending habits. In the U.S. and in several other countries these effects appear to be on the wane. Nevertheless, the evolution of the pandemic, or a new pandemic, governments’ responses to such pandemic(s), and individuals’ behavior in response to pandemic and its effects, in aggregate, continue to impact business conditions in varied and unpredictable ways. Certain adverse impacts specific to the Company include, without limitation: • During 2023, 2022 and 2021, some employees in various plants contracted the COVID-19 virus, which led to workforce absences of employees that contracted the virus and others that may have been exposed. Highly contagious diseases such as COVID-19 create the risk that we may need to shut down one or more of our facilities for an extended period of time, which could increase our costs and affect our ability to meet commitments to customers. Although we did not shut down any of our plants due to COVID-19 during the height of the pandemic, production at some plants was affected by government shutdown orders in areas adjacent to those plants. There is no guarantee that future government shutdown orders, or our own future shutdowns, should they occur, will not have a more significant impact on our production. • Behavioral changes that have occurred during and since the pandemic have impacted demand for various products that are made with MC fabrics. The above effects could continue to have an adverse impact on demand for publication paper grades, and perhaps other grades of paper, including without limitation packaging paper grades, as well as on demand for non-woven fabrics and fiber cement products used in the construction industry; such impacts would in turn adversely impact demand for the MC products used to manufacture such paper grades or building products. A decline in revenues would lead to lower gross profit on those products and the possibility of unabsorbed fixed manufacturing costs. • The AEC segment generates a significant portion of its revenue from commercial aerospace programs, as well as from contracts related to U.S. Department of Defense programs. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted passenger air travel which, in turn, impacted, and may continue to impact, the commercial aerospace programs that provide a source of revenue for the Company. Such programs could be delayed or canceled, which, in addition to a loss of revenue and gross profit, could lead to write-offs for Company investments for those programs. The pandemic has resulted in significant costs for the U.S. government, which could lead to program delays or cancellations, and a corresponding decrease in our revenues. • Disruptions in supply chains have placed constraints on our ability to source key raw materials and services which could impact our ability to deliver products to customers as scheduled. Additionally, manufacturing or delivery costs could increase. 22 • While we do not anticipate material impairments on our assets as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in our expectations for net revenues, earnings potential and cash flows associated with our intangible assets and goodwill that fall below our current projections could result in such assets being impaired. A number of industry factors have had, and in future periods could have, an adverse impact on net revenues, profitability and cash flow in the Company’s MC and AEC segments. Significant consolidation and rationalization in the paper industry in recent years have reduced global consumption of paper machine clothing in certain markets and for certain grades. Developments in digital media have adversely affected demand for newsprint and for printing and writing grades of paper, which has had, and is likely to continue to have, an adverse effect on demand for paper machine clothing in those markets. At the same time, technological advances in papermaking, including in paper machine clothing, while contributing to the papermaking efficiency of customers, have in some cases lengthened the useful life of our products and reduced the number of pieces required to produce the same volume of paper. These factors have had, and in the future are likely to have, an adverse effect on paper machine clothing net revenues. The market for paper machine clothing in recent years has been characterized by continuous pressure to provide more favorable commercial terms, which has continued to place pressure on our operating results. We expect such pressure to remain intense in all paper machine clothing markets, especially during periods of customer consolidation, plant closures, or when major contracts are being renegotiated. The emergence of Asian competitors exacerbates this risk. Similar pressures in the markets in which AEC competes along with labor shortages could have an impact on AEC revenues. During 2019, Net revenues under the LEAP contract exceeded $210 million, only to significantly decline in the years that followed due to several factors outside of the Company's control, including the temporary Boeing 737 MAX groundings and the COVID-19 pandemic. Such events drove a reduction in demand for LEAP components and disrupted supply chains for an extended period of time. While these factors have largely subsided, and Net revenues have recovered steadily year over year and now approach 2019 levels, factors like this can recur without notice, on this or on other programs, and cause a detriment to the AEC segment. Additionally, many of AEC’s customers, as well as the companies supplied by our customers, are under pressure to improve returns on their substantial investments in recent years in new technologies, new programs and new product introductions. This has contributed to a relentless focus on capital investments to reduce costs, resulting in continuous pressure for cost reductions and customer pricing improvement throughout the supply chain. Future consolidation in the aerospace industry could intensify these pressures. The long-term organic growth prospects of AEC are subject to a number of risks. The prospect of future successful organic growth in AEC depends in large part on its ability to maintain and grow a healthy pipeline of potential new products and applications for its technologies, to transform a sufficient number of those potential opportunities into commercial supply agreements, and to then execute its obligations under such agreements. In addition, existing and future supply agreements, especially for commercial and defense aerospace, are subject to the same curtailment or cancellation risks as the programs they support. AEC is currently working on a broad portfolio of potential new product applications in the aerospace industry. These development projects may or may not result in commercial supply opportunities. In the event that AEC succeeds in developing products and securing contracts to manufacture and supply them, it will face the same industrialization and manufacturing ramp-up risks that it currently faces in its existing contracts, and AEC may or may not be successful in meeting its obligations under these contracts. Failure to manage these development, commercialization and execution risks could have a material adverse impact on AEC’s prospects for revenue growth. In addition to dealing with these development and manufacturing execution risks, future AEC growth will likely require increasingly larger amounts of cash to fund the investments in equipment, capital, and development efforts needed to achieve this growth. Until AEC is able to consistently generate cash flows sufficient to fund its existing operations and any future investments needed to support its growth, it will remain dependent on the MC segment’s ability to generate cash. A significant decline in MC net revenues, operating income or cash flows could therefore have a material adverse impact on AEC’s growth. 23 The U.S. Government’s Department of Defense (“DoD”) Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (“CMMC”) program introduces new and unique risks for DoD contractors. Under the applicable federal regulations for DoD contractors, AEC is required to comply with the agency's current cybersecurity regulations. In addition to these current regulations, AEC will be required to comply with the new CMMC program requirements on future contracts as they are flowed down from our DoD prime customers in the coming years. Given the current and planned future portfolio of U.S. Government-related business and based on the CMMC Proposed Rule released by the DoD in December 2023, AEC expects to be required to comply fully with CMMC Level 2 once the rule is finalized, and eventually CMMC Level 3 for certain programs as those requirements are further defined. This will require a CMMC Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO) assessment for Level 2 certification, as well as a DCMA Defense Industrial Base Cybersecurity Assessment Center (DIBCAC) assessment for any required Level 3 certification. The CMMC compliance requirements are complex, the costs are significant, and the DoD timelines for certifications are aggressive. To the extent that AEC is unable to achieve the required CMMC certifications within the timeframes required by the DoD, AEC may be unable to maintain or grow its business with the DoD and its prime customers. AEC is subject to significant risks related to the potential manufacture and sale of defective or non- conforming products. AEC manufactures and sells products that are incorporated into commercial and military aircraft. If AEC were to supply products with manufacturing defects, or products that failed to conform to contractual requirements, we could be required to recall and/or replace them, and could also be subject to substantial contractual damages or warranty claims from our customers. AEC could also be subject to product liability claims if such failures were to cause death, injury or losses to third parties, or damage claims resulting from the grounding of aircraft into which such defective or non-conforming products had been incorporated. We are required to meet, and maintain continuous independent certification, to certain international industry standards including AS/EN9100 quality management system standards and Nadcap Special Processes certifications that are designed to assure rigorous quality standards are maintained throughout the aerospace industry supply chain. Additionally, although we maintain product liability insurance and other insurance at levels we believe to be prudent and consistent with industry practice to help mitigate these risks, these coverages may not be sufficient to fully cover AEC’s exposure for such risks, which could have a material adverse effect on AEC’s results of operations and cash flows. Deterioration of global economic conditions could have an adverse impact on the Company’s business and results of operations. The Company identifies in this section a number of risks, the effects of which may be exacerbated by an unfavorable economic climate. For example, a recession could lead to lower consumption in all paper grades including tissue and packaging, which would not only reduce consumption of paper machine clothing but could also increase the risk of greater price competition in the machine clothing industry. Similarly, in the Company’s AEC segment, a decline in global or regional economic conditions could result in lower orders for aircraft or aircraft engines, or the cancellation of existing orders, which would in turn result in reduced demand for the AEC components utilized on such aircraft or engines. Customer demand for AEC’s lightweight composite aircraft components is driven by market demand for the lighter, more fuel-efficient aircraft engine and other applications into which they are incorporated, such as the CFM International LEAP engine. Fuel costs are a significant part of operating costs for airlines and, in many cases, may constitute a carrier’s single largest operating expense. A sustained drop in oil prices, and related decline in the price of jet fuel, could prompt airlines to defer orders or delivery dates for such newer, more fuel-efficient airframes and aircraft engines, as the urgency to reduce fuel consumption may be lessened. In addition, any economic conditions that led to sustained high interest rates could affect the airline’s ability to finance new aircraft and engine orders. Weak or unstable economic conditions also increase the risk that one or more of our customers might be unable to pay outstanding accounts receivable, whether as the result of bankruptcy or an inability to obtain working capital financing from banks or other lenders. Furthermore, both the MC and AEC business segments manufacture products that are custom-designed for a specific customer application. In the event of a customer liquidity issue, the Company could also be required to write off amounts that are included in Contract assets or Inventories. In the case of AEC, such write-offs could also include investments in equipment, tooling, and non-recurring engineering costs, some of which could be significant depending on the program. 24 The Company continues to experience increasing labor, raw material, energy, and logistics costs due to supply chain constraints and inflationary pressures. The Company is a significant user of raw materials that are based on petroleum or petroleum derivatives. Increases in the prices of petroleum or petroleum derivatives, particularly in regions that are experiencing higher levels of inflation, could increase our costs, and we may not be able to fully offset the effects through price increases, productivity improvements, and cost-reduction programs. There is a limited number of suppliers of polymer fiber and monofilaments, key raw materials used in the manufacture of machine clothing, and of carbon fiber and carbon resin, key raw materials used by AEC. In addition, there are a limited number of suppliers of some of the equipment used in each of the MC and AEC segments. The risks associated with limited suppliers increased as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has put pressure on the supply chain in general, and on transportation companies that deliver raw materials to us and our products to customers, in particular. While we have been able to meet our raw material and equipment needs, the limited number of suppliers of these items creates the potential for disruptions in supply. AEC currently relies on single suppliers under contracts we have with SAFRAN to meet the carbon fiber and carbon resin requirements for the LEAP program. Lack of supply, delivery delays, or quality issues relating to supplied raw materials or for our key manufacturing equipment could harm our production capacity. Such issues could require the Company to attempt to qualify one or more additional suppliers, which could be a lengthy, expensive and uncertain process. These disruptions could make it difficult to supply our customers with products on time, which could have a negative impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The Company also relies on the labor market in many regions of the world to meet our operational requirements, advance our technology and differentiate our products. Low rates of unemployment in key geographic areas in which the Company operates can lead to high rates of turnover and loss of critical talent, which could in turn lead to higher labor costs. Our ability to attract and retain business and employees may depend on our reputation in the marketplace. We believe our brand names and our reputation are important corporate assets that help distinguish our products and services from those of our competitors and also contribute to our efforts to recruit and retain talented employees. However, our reputation is susceptible to material damage by events such as disputes with customers or competitors, cybersecurity incidents or service outages, internal control deficiencies, delivery failures, regulatory compliance violations, government investigations or legal proceedings. We may also experience reputational damage from employees, advocacy groups, regulators, investors and other stakeholders that disagree with the way we conduct our business. Similarly, our reputation could be damaged by actions or statements by current or former customers, suppliers, employees, competitors, joint venture partners, adversaries in legal proceedings, legislators or government regulators, as well as members of the investment community or the media, including social media influencers. Our brand and reputation are also associated with our sustainability strategy, including our public commitments related to climate and the environment and DE&I. Our failure to achieve our commitments could harm our reputation and adversely affect our relationships with customers and suppliers or our talent recruitment and retention efforts. In addition, positions we take or do not take on environmental or social issues may be unpopular with some of our employees, suppliers, customers or potential customers, which may in the future impact our ability to attract or retain employees, suppliers or customers. We also may choose not to conduct business with potential customers or suppliers or discontinue or not expand business with existing customers due to these positions. There is a risk that negative or inaccurate information about the Company, even if based on rumor or misunderstanding, could adversely affect our business. Damage to our reputation could be difficult, expensive and time-consuming to repair, could make potential or existing customers reluctant to select us for new opportunities or could negatively impact our relationships with existing customers and suppliers, resulting in a loss of business, and could adversely affect our talent recruitment and retention efforts. Damage to our reputation could also reduce investor confidence in the Company, materially adversely affecting our share price. Some of the Company’s competitors in the MC segment have the capability to make and sell paper machines and papermaking equipment as well as other engineered fabrics. Although customers historically have tended to view the purchase of paper machine clothing and the purchase of paper machines as separate purchasing decisions, the ability to bundle fabrics with new machines and after-market services could provide an advantage to our competitors. This underscores the importance of our ability to maintain the 25 technological competitiveness and value of our products, and a failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Moreover, we cannot predict how the nature of competition in this segment may continue to evolve as a result of future consolidation among our competitors, or consolidation involving our competitors and other suppliers to our customers. Conditions in the paper industry have required, and could further require, the Company to reorganize its operations, which could result in significant expense and could pose risks to the Company’s operations. In the recent past, we engaged in significant restructuring that included the closing of manufacturing operations. These restructuring activities were intended to match manufacturing capacity to shifting global demand, and also to improve the efficiency of manufacturing and administrative processes. Future shifting of customer demand, the need to reduce costs, or other factors could cause us to determine in the future that additional restructuring steps are required. Restructuring involves risks such as employee work stoppages, slowdowns, or strikes, which can threaten uninterrupted production, maintenance of high product quality, meeting of customers’ delivery deadlines, and maintenance of administrative processes. Increases in output in remaining manufacturing operations can likewise impose stress on these remaining facilities as they undertake the manufacture of greater volume and, in some cases, a greater variety of products. Competitors can be quick to attempt to exploit these situations. Although we plan each step of the process carefully, and work to reassure customers who could be affected that their requirements will continue to be met, we could lose customers and associated revenues if we fail to execute properly on any restructuring. Natural disasters at one or more of our facilities could make it difficult for us to meet our supply obligations to our customers. AEC’s production of LEAP engine components is currently located in three facilities. A natural disaster at any of these locations could have a significant adverse effect on AEC’s ability to timely satisfy orders for LEAP components. Production of almost all of AEC’s other legacy and growth programs – including components for the F-35, fuselage components for the Boeing 787, components for the CH-53K helicopter, and missile bodies for Lockheed Martin’s JASSM air-to-surface missiles – is located primarily in facilities in Salt Lake City, Utah or Boerne, Texas. Significant consolidation of manufacturing operations in our MC segment over the past decade has reduced the number of facilities available to produce our products, and increased utilization significantly at remaining facilities. Not all product lines are produced at, or are capable of being produced at, all facilities. We have certain MC facilities that are located in or near higher risk flood zones in Mexico, China, Italy, Germany, and Switzerland, that may be vulnerable to flood, storm surge or earthquake risks. A significant interruption in the operation of any one or more of our plants, whether as the result of a natural disaster or other causes, could significantly impair our ability to timely meet our supply obligations to customers being supplied from an affected facility. While the occurrence of a natural disaster or other business interruption event in an area where we have a facility may not result in any direct damage to the facility itself, it may cause disruptions in local transportation and public utilities on which such locations are reliant, and may also hinder the ability of affected employees to report for work. Although we carry property and business interruption insurance to help mitigate the risk of property loss or business interruption that could result from the occurrence of such events, such coverage may not be adequate to compensate us for all loss or damage that we may incur. The Company’s insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover other significant risk exposures. The Company has been named as defendant in a large number of suits relating to the actual or alleged exposure to "asbestos-containing products." In addition to asbestos-related claims, the Company may be exposed to other liabilities related to cyber incidents and the products and services we provide. AEC is engaged in designing, developing, and manufacturing components for commercial jet aircraft and defense and technology systems and products. We expect this portion of the business to grow in future periods. Although we maintain insurance for the risks associated with our businesses, there can be no assurance that the amount of our insurance coverage will be adequate to cover all claims or liabilities. In addition, there can be no assurance that insurance coverage will continue to be available to us in the future at a cost that is acceptable. Any material liability not covered by insurance could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Also see "The Company is subject to legal proceedings and legal compliance risks". 26 The Company has significant manufacturing operations outside of the U.S., which could involve many uncertainties. We currently have manufacturing facilities outside the U.S. In 2023, 43 percent of consolidated Net revenues were generated by our non-U.S. subsidiaries. Operations outside of the U.S. are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including: governments may impose limitations on our ability to repatriate funds; governments may impose withholding or other taxes on remittances and other payments from our non-U.S. operations, or the amount of any such taxes may increase; an outbreak or escalation of any insurrection or armed conflict may occur; governments may seek to nationalize our assets; or governments may impose or increase investment barriers or other restrictions affecting our business. In addition, emerging markets pose other uncertainties, including the protection of our intellectual property, pressure on the pricing of our products, and risks of political instability. The occurrence of any of these conditions could disrupt our business or prevent us from conducting business in particular countries or regions of the world. The military invasion of Ukraine by Russia, and the ensuing sanctions are likely to continue to have an impact on our business. We have already stopped shipping our products to Russia and are in the process of winding down a small joint venture in that country which supplied dryer fabrics to local papermakers, resulting in lost sales and possible future write-offs. However, we also expect that there could be further indirect impacts. For instance, the conflict has already caused disruption in the availability of shipping options between Asia and Europe. Supply chain disruptions could make it more difficult to find favorable pricing and reliable sources for the raw materials we need, putting upward pressure on our costs and increasing the risk that we may be unable to acquire the materials or services we need to continue to make and deliver certain products. Moreover, these same pressures could hinder our customers’ ability to source materials needed for their own manufacturing efforts, thereby reducing or slowing their demand for our products. There can be no assurance that we will be able to pass through input cost increases to our customers or to fully offset them via operational efficiencies. If we are unsuccessful in managing such cost increases, they could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations, and liquidity. Geopolitical tensions have heightened elsewhere as well, including between China and Taiwan. MC has significant manufacturing operations in China and vendors that support AEC import significant materials from China, and any escalation in this region could also disrupt our business. These ongoing conflicts, along with other geopolitical uncertainties such as the current conflict in the Middle East, could have broader adverse impacts on macroeconomic factors that impact our business, cash flows, financial condition and results of operations. Changes in U.S. trade policy with foreign countries, or other changes in U.S. laws and policies governing foreign trade, as well as any responsive or retaliatory changes in regulations or policies by such countries, could have an adverse impact on our business, either directly or in the form of increased costs due to their impacts on our supply chain. While the direct impact to date of recent developments in global trade and tariff policy has not been significant, there is a risk that the impact of such developments on companies in our supply chain will be reflected in higher costs from affected suppliers. In addition, our global presence subjects us to certain risks, including controls on foreign exchange and the repatriation of funds. While we have been able to repatriate current earnings in excess of working capital requirements from certain countries in which we operate without substantial governmental restrictions, there can be no assurance that we will be able to cost effectively repatriate foreign earnings in the future. We might not be successful at acquiring, investing in or integrating businesses, entering into joint ventures or divesting businesses. We have a history of making acquisitions and we expect to opportunistically seek to make acquisitions in the future. We are subject to numerous risks as a result of our acquisition strategy, including, but not limited to, the following: • We may invest time and capital pursuing acquisitions that do not materialize; • We may incur costs and expenses associated with any unidentified or potential liabilities of the acquired companies; • We may not achieve anticipated revenue and cost benefits from the acquisitions; 27 • We may encounter unforeseen difficulties in integrating the acquired operations into our existing operations; and • Our past or future acquisitions might not ultimately improve our competitive position and business. We also periodically evaluate, and have engaged in, the disposition of assets and businesses. Divestitures could involve difficulties in the separation of operations, services, products and personnel, the diversion of management’s attention, the disruption of our business and the potential loss of key employees. After reaching an agreement with a buyer for the disposition of a business, the transaction may be subject to the satisfaction of pre-closing conditions, including obtaining necessary regulatory and government approvals, which, if not satisfied or obtained, may prevent us from completing the transaction. Divestitures may also involve continued financial involvement in or liability with respect to the divested assets and businesses, such as indemnities or other financial obligations, in which the performance of the divested assets or businesses could impact our results of operations. Any divestiture we undertake could adversely affect our results of operations. Risks related to our contracts AEC is subject to significant financial risk related to potential quality escapes that could cause customer recalls, or production shortfalls that could cause delays in customer deliveries. AEC manufactures critical aerospace parts and must meet increasingly demanding quality, delivery, and cost targets across a broad spectrum of programs and facilities. AEC’s ability to realize its full financial objectives will depend on how effectively it meets these challenges. Failure to accomplish these customer quality, delivery, and cost targets on any key program could result in material losses to the Company and have a material adverse impact on the amount and timing of anticipated AEC revenues, segment operating income, and cash flows, which could in turn have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial results. Long-term supply contracts in our AEC segment pose certain risks. AEC has a number of long-term contracts with fixed pricing, and is likely to enter into similar contracts in the future. While long-term contracts provide an opportunity to realize steady and reliable revenues for extended periods, they pose a number of risks, such as program cancellations, reductions or delays in orders by AEC’s customers under these contracts, the termination of such contracts or orders, changes in the customers’ requirements that may not entitle AEC to additional compensation or payment, or the occurrence of similar events over which AEC has no or limited control. Accounting for long-term contracts and related assets requires estimates and judgments related to our progress toward completion and the long-term performance on the contract. Significant judgments include potential risks associated with the ability and cost to achieve program schedule, including customer-directed delays or reductions in scheduled deliveries, and technical and other specific contract requirements including customer activity levels and variable consideration based upon that activity. Due to the size and long-term nature of many of AEC contracts, the estimation of total revenues and cost at completion is complicated and subject to many variables. Management must make assumptions and estimates regarding contract revenue and cost (which may include estimates of variable consideration, including award fees and penalties), including, but not limited to, labor productivity and availability, complexity and scope of the work to be performed, availability and cost of materials, length of time to complete the performance obligation, availability and timing of funding from our customers, as well as overhead cost rates. Because of the significance of management’s judgments and estimation processes, it is likely that materially different amounts could be recorded if we used different assumptions or if the underlying circumstances were to change. Changes in underlying assumptions, circumstances or estimates may adversely affect our future results of operations and financial condition. Sales of components for a number of programs that are currently considered to be important to the future revenue-growth of AEC are pursuant to short-term purchase orders for a finite period or number of parts, or short-term supply agreements with terms of one to four years. Such programs include airframe components for the F-35, forward fuselage frames for the Boeing 787, and aft transition assembly including skins and longerons for the CH-53K helicopter. As a result, while AEC reasonably expects to continue as a supplier on these programs as long as it meets its obligations, there can be no assurance that this will be the case, or that, in programs where it is currently a sole supplier, this sole supplier status will continue. Even if AEC’s status as a supplier is extended or renewed, there can be no assurance that such extension or renewal will be on the same or similar commercial or other terms. Any failure 28 by AEC to maintain its current supplier status under these programs, or any material change in their commercial or other terms, could have a material adverse effect on AEC’s future revenues and segment operating income. AEC derives a significant portion of its revenue from contracts related to U.S. Government Department of Defense, which are subject to unique risks. The funding of DoD programs is subject to congressional appropriations. Many of the DoD programs in which we participate may last several years, but they are normally funded annually. Changes in military strategy and priorities may affect future opportunities and/or existing programs. Long-term DoD contracts and related orders are subject to cancellation, delay or restructure, if appropriations for subsequent performance periods are not made. The termination or reduction of funding for existing or new DoD programs could result in a material adverse effect on our earnings, cash flow and financial position. Additionally, our business funded by the U.S. Government is subject to extensive federal and DoD agency acquisition regulations. As a result, specific business systems and processes, as well as our proposed contract costs, are subject to audits by U.S. Government agencies. U.S. Government representatives may audit our compliance with these required federal regulations, and such audits could result in adjustments to allowable contract costs. Any costs found to be improperly allocated to a specific contract will not be reimbursed, and such costs already reimbursed must be refunded. Certain business systems or processes found to be non-compliant to federal and agency regulations could result in a suspension of work until such compliance issues are corrected. If any audit uncovers improper or illegal activities, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, including termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspension or prohibition from doing business with the U.S. Government. Realization of any of these risks could result in a material adverse effect on our earnings, cash flow and financial position. See also “The U.S. Government’s Department of Defense Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (“CMMC”) program introduces new and unique risks for DoD contractors.” The loss of one or more major customers could have a material adverse effect on Net revenues and profitability. Our customer Safran accounted for approximately 39 percent of Net revenues in the AEC segment in 2023, substantially all of which was under an exclusive long-term supply agreement relating to parts for the LEAP engine. Although we are an exclusive supplier of such parts, and although this is a cost-plus-fee arrangement, our customer is not obligated to purchase any minimum quantity of parts, and cancellation or significant reduction in demand for the LEAP program would have a material adverse impact on AEC’s Net revenues and profitability. LEAP engines are currently used on the Boeing 737 MAX, Airbus A320neo and COMAC 919 aircraft. The LEAP long-term supply agreement contains certain events of default that, if triggered, could result in termination of the agreement by the customer, which would also have a material adverse impact on segment Net revenues and profitability. A substantial portion of AEC’s non-LEAP revenue in the near term, and revenue growth opportunity in the longer term, is dependent upon a small number of customers and programs. Unlike the 3D-woven composite components supplied by ASC, parts supplied for such non-LEAP programs are capable of being made by a number of other suppliers. Such programs include airframe components for the F-35, forward fuselage frames for the Boeing 787, and sponsons, tail-rotor pylons, horizontal stabilizers and struts for the CH-53K helicopter. Any failure by AEC to maintain its current supplier status under these programs, or any material change in their commercial or other terms, could have a material adverse effect on AEC’s future Net revenues and operating income. Our top ten customers in the MC segment accounted for a significant portion of our Net revenues in 2023. The loss of one or more of these customers, or a significant decrease in the amount of machine clothing they purchase from us, could have a material adverse impact on MC's Net revenues and profitability. We could also be subject to similar impacts if one or more such customers were to suffer financial difficulties and be unable to pay us for products they have purchased. While we normally enter into long-term supply agreements with significant MC customers, the agreements generally do not obligate the customer to purchase any products from us, and may be terminated by the customer at any time with appropriate notice. 29 Risks related to information technology and cybersecurity We are dependent on information technology networks, systems and cloud-based services to securely process, transmit and store electronic information and to communicate among our locations around the world and with our employees, customers and suppliers. The failure to prevent attacks on our operational systems and/or infrastructure or our cloud-based providers could result in disruptions to our businesses, loss or disclosure of regulated data, or the loss or disclosure of confidential and proprietary intellectual property or other assets. As the breadth and complexity of this infrastructure continues to grow, including the increasing reliance on, and use of, mobile technologies and cloud-based services, and as many of our employees continue to work remotely following the coronavirus pandemic, the risk of security incidents and cyberattacks has increased. Cybersecurity threats are constantly expanding and evolving, becoming increasingly sophisticated and complex, increasing the difficulty of detecting and defending against them and maintaining effective security measures and protocols. The use of emerging technologies by organized cyber criminals, such as artificial intelligence and quantum computing, has increased the range of security threats faced by the Company. As AEC continues to perform aerospace and defense work, attacks from threat actors could become more persistent, including attacks from highly organized adversaries such as nation state actors, which target the defense industrial base and other critical infrastructure sectors. The improper conduct of our employees or others working on our behalf who have access to export controlled or other sensitive information could also adversely affect our business and reputation. Our customers, suppliers, and subcontractors experience similar security threats and an incident at one of these entities could adversely impact our business. These entities are typically outside our control and may have access to our information with varying levels of security and cybersecurity resources, expertise, safeguards and capabilities. Breaches in our supply chain could compromise our data and adversely affect customer deliverables. We also rely on our supply chain to adequately detect and report cyber incidents, which could affect our ability to report or respond to cybersecurity incidents effectively or in a timely manner. Our information technology systems, processes, sites and cloud-based providers may suffer interruptions or failures which may affect our ability to conduct our business. Our information technology systems may be damaged or cease to function properly due to any number of causes, such as catastrophic events, power outages and security breaches (including destructive malware such as ransomware) resulting in unauthorized access or cyber-attacks. If our business continuity plans, incident response capabilities, and security controls do not function effectively, we may experience partial or complete interruptions in our operations, which may adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We face legal, reputational and financial risks from any failure to protect customer and/or Company data from security incidents or cyberattacks. Such incidents could lead to shutdowns or disruptions of or damage to our systems and those of our customers and suppliers, and unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential information, potentially including personal data and proprietary business information. Unauthorized disclosure of, denial of access to, or other incidents involving sensitive or confidential Company, employee, customer or supplier data, whether through systems failure, employee negligence, fraud, misappropriation, or cybersecurity, ransomware or malware attacks, or other intentional or unintentional acts, could damage our reputation and our competitive positioning in the marketplace, disrupt our or our customer’s business, cause us to lose customers and result in significant financial exposure and legal liability. We are subject to numerous laws and regulations designed to protect this information, such as the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) and the United Kingdom’s GDPR, the Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China, as well as various other U.S. federal and state laws governing the protection of privacy, health or other personally identifiable information and data privacy and cybersecurity laws in other regions. We are subject to U.S. federal procurement regulations such as the DFARS clause 252.204-7012, based on the NIST 800-171 framework whose goal is protecting controlled unclassified information in non-federal systems and organizations. In 2023, we continued efforts to comply with the forthcoming U.S. Department of Defense Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification ("CMMC") program, which will impact us in the coming years as it is formalized through the DFARS and those regulations are incorporated into our contracts for government programs. 30 These laws and regulations continue to evolve, are increasing in complexity and number and increasingly conflict among the various countries in which we operate, which has resulted in greater compliance risk and cost for us. Various privacy laws impose compliance obligations regarding the handling of personal data, including the cross- border transfer of data, and significant financial penalties for noncompliance. If any person, including any of our employees, negligently disregards or intentionally breaches our established controls with respect to Company, employee, customer or supplier data, or otherwise mismanages or misappropriates that data, we could be subject to significant litigation, monetary damages, regulatory enforcement actions, fines and/or criminal prosecution in one or more jurisdictions. These monetary damages might not be subject to a contractual limit of liability or an exclusion of consequential or indirect damages and could be significant. In addition, our liability insurance, which includes cyber insurance, might not be sufficient in type or amount to cover us against claims related to security incidents, cyberattacks and other related incidents. Risks related to our financial matters Fluctuations in currency exchange rates could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations. We operate our business in many regions of the world, and currency rate movements can have a significant effect on operating results. The effect of currency rate changes on gross profit in the MC segment can be difficult to anticipate because we use a global sourcing and manufacturing model. Under this model, while some non-U.S. Net revenues and associated costs are in the same currency, other non-U.S. Net revenues are denominated in currencies other than the currency in which most costs of such sales are incurred. At the same time, the geographic sources of materials purchased (and the currencies in which these purchases are denominated) can vary depending on market forces, and the Company may also shift production of its products between manufacturing locations, which can result in a change in the currency in which certain costs to produce such products are incurred. Changes in exchange rates can result in revaluation gains and losses that are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Revaluation gains and losses occur when our business units hold financial assets or liabilities denominated in a currency other than their functional currency. Operating results can also be affected by the translation of Net revenues and costs from each non-U.S. subsidiary’s functional currency to the U.S. dollar. Changes in the value of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar could impact the reported level, in U.S. dollars, of Net revenues and operating expenses which are denominated in those currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations. We have a substantial amount of indebtedness. At December 31, 2023, the Company had outstanding long- term debt of $453 million. At December 31, 2023, our leverage ratio (as defined in our primary borrowing agreement) was 1.25 to 1.00, and we had borrowed $446 million under our $800 million revolving credit facility. While we feel that we generate sufficient cash from operations and have sufficient borrowing capacity to make required capital expenditures to maintain and grow our business, any decrease in our cash generation could result in higher leverage. Higher leverage could hinder our ability to make acquisitions, capital expenditures, or other investments in our businesses, pay dividends, or withstand business and economic downturns. Our primary borrowing agreement contains a number of covenants and financial ratios that the Company is required to satisfy. The most restrictive of these covenants pertain to prescribed leverage and interest coverage ratios and asset dispositions. Any breach of any such covenants or restrictions would result in a default under such agreement that would permit the lenders to declare all borrowings under such agreement to be immediately due and payable and, through cross-default provisions, could entitle other lenders to accelerate their loans. In such an event, the Company would need to modify or restructure all or a portion of such indebtedness. Depending on prevailing economic conditions at the time, the Company might find it difficult to modify or restructure the debt on attractive terms, or at all. We use interest rate swaps to manage the interest cost associated with our borrowings. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility and the interest rate swaps are currently based on LIBOR, which is expected to be phased out and replaced starting in 2024. Future changes in the interest rate benchmark could affect the Company’s cost of borrowing and its cash flows, or the effectiveness of the hedges, which could have an effect on net income. 31 As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $354 million of additional borrowing capacity under our $800 million revolving credit facility. The incurrence of additional indebtedness could increase the above-described risks associated with higher leverage. In addition, any such indebtedness could contain terms that are more restrictive than our current facilities. Significant changes in critical estimates and assumptions related to pension and other postretirement benefit (“OPEB”) costs and liabilities could affect our earnings and pension contributions in future periods. The determination of our pension and other postretirement benefit plans’ expense or income involves significant judgments, specifically related to our discount rate, long-term return on assets, and other actuarial assumptions. We establish our discount rate assumption annually and review whether to change our long-term return on assets assumption annually. These estimates and actuarial assumptions could change significantly as a result to changes in economic, legislative, and/or demographic profiles. Such changes could result in unfavorable changes to our pension and OPEB expense and funded status, and our cash contributions thereof, which could have a negative impact on our results of operations. Further, the difference between actual investment returns and our long-term return on asset assumptions would result in a change to our pension and OPEB expense, funded status, as well as our required contributions to the plans. We manage our plan assets in accordance with our investment management objectives, and they are subject to market volatility and other conditions. Differences may also arise due to changes in regulatory, accounting and other requirements applicable to pension plans. The Company is exposed to the risk of increased expense in health-care related costs. We are largely self-insured for some employee and business risks, including health care programs in the U.S. Losses under all of these programs are accrued based upon estimates of the ultimate liability for claims reported and an estimate of claims incurred but not reported, with assistance from third-party actuaries and service providers. However, these liabilities are difficult to assess and estimate due to unknown factors, including the severity of an illness and the number of incidents not reported. The accruals are based upon known facts and historical trends, and management believes such accruals to be adequate. The Company also maintains stop-loss insurance policies to protect against catastrophic claims above certain limits. If actual results significantly differ from estimates, our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially impacted by losses under these programs, as well as higher stop-loss premiums in future periods. Unanticipated changes in tax laws or exposure to additional tax liabilities could affect our future profitability. We are subject to income taxes in both the U.S. and various non-U.S. jurisdictions. Unanticipated changes in foreign and domestic tax laws, regulations, or policies, or their interpretation and application by regulatory bodies, or exposure to additional tax liabilities could affect our future profitability and cash flows. Our domestic and international tax liabilities are dependent upon the distribution of income among these jurisdictions. Our future results of operations could be adversely affected by changes in the effective tax rate as a result of a change in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, as well as changes in the overall profitability of the Company, tax legislation, and generally accepted accounting principles. As of December 31, 2023, we have approximately $130.7 million of net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards in various taxing jurisdictions. Our ability to utilize the NOL carryforward could be adversely impacted by several factors, including but not limited to significant changes to tax legislation and lower than expected future earnings of the Company. We are subject to tax audits by various tax authorities in many jurisdictions. Following the acquisition of Heimbach, the open tax years in these jurisdictions range from approximately 2009 to 2023. We regularly assess the potential outcomes of examinations by tax authorities in determining the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. The results of tax audits and examinations of previously filed tax returns or related litigation and continuing assessments of our tax exposures could materially affect our financial results. Risks related to our legal and regulatory environment The Company may fail to adequately protect its proprietary technology, which would allow competitors or others to take advantage of its research and development efforts. 32 Proprietary trade secrets are a source of competitive advantage in each of our segments. If our trade secrets were to become available to competitors, it could have a negative impact on our competitive strength. We employ measures to maintain the confidential nature of these secrets, including maintaining employment and confidentiality agreements, maintaining clear policies intended to protect such trade secrets, educating our employees about such policies, clearly identifying proprietary information subject to such agreements and policies, and vigorously enforcing such agreements and policies. Despite such measures, our employees, consultants, and third parties to whom such information may be disclosed in the ordinary course of our business may breach their obligations not to reveal such information, and any legal remedies available to us may be insufficient to compensate our damages. The Company is subject to legal proceedings and legal compliance risks. We are subject to a variety of legal proceedings in multiple jurisdictions where we conduct business. Litigation is an inherently unpredictable process and unanticipated negative outcomes are always possible. An adverse outcome in any period could have an adverse impact on the Company’s operating results for that period. We are also subject to a variety of legal compliance risks. While we believe that we have adopted appropriate risk management and compliance programs, the global and diverse nature of our operations means that legal compliance risks will continue to exist and related legal proceedings and other contingencies, the outcome of which cannot be predicted with certainty, are likely to arise from time to time. Failure to resolve successfully any legal proceedings related to compliance matters could have an adverse impact on our results in any period. Our global operations expose us to numerous and sometimes conflicting legal and regulatory requirements, and violation of these regulations could harm our business. We are subject to numerous, and sometimes conflicting, legal regimes on matters as diverse as anti corruption, import/export controls, content requirements, trade restrictions, tariffs, taxation, sanctions, immigration, internal and disclosure control obligations, securities regulation, sustainability and climate initiatives, human capital requirements, anti-competition, anti-money-laundering, data privacy and protection, government compliance, wage-and-hour standards, employment and labor relations and human rights. The global nature of our operations further increases the difficulty of compliance. Compliance with diverse legal requirements is costly, time-consuming and requires significant resources. Violations of one or more of these regulations in the conduct of our business could result in significant fines, enforcement actions or criminal sanctions against us and/or our employees, prohibitions on doing business and damage to our reputation. Violations of these regulations in connection with the performance of our obligations to our customers also could result in liability for significant monetary damages, fines, enforcement actions and/or criminal prosecution or sanctions, unfavorable publicity and other reputational damage and restrictions on our ability to effectively carry out our contractual obligations and thereby expose us to potential claims from our customers. Due to the varying degrees of development of the legal systems of the countries in which we operate, local laws may not be well developed or provide sufficiently clear guidance and may be insufficient to protect our rights. In particular, in many parts of the world, including countries in which we operate and/or seek to expand, practices in the local business community might not conform to international business standards and could violate anti corruption laws, or regulations, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act 2010. The Company provides, and all employees must participate in, regular training activities with respect to the Company's business ethics standards and expectations. Our employees, subcontractors, suppliers, and agents, any companies we may acquire and their employees, subcontractors, suppliers and agents, and other third parties with which we associate, could take actions that violate policies or procedures designed to promote legal and regulatory compliance or applicable anti corruption laws or regulations. Violations of these laws or regulations by us, our employees or any of these third parties could subject us to criminal or civil enforcement actions (whether or not we participated or knew about the actions leading to the violations), including fines or penalties, disgorgement of profits and suspension or disqualification from work, including U.S. federal contracting, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, including our results of operations and our reputation. Our global operations are subject to requirements, increasing operational and compliance costs, as well as the risk of noncompliance. increasing environmental, social and governance regulatory Increasing stakeholder environmental, social and governance expectations, physical and transition risks associated with climate change, emerging sustainability and social regulation, contractual requirements, and policy requirements may pose risk to our market outlook, brand and reputation, financial outlook, cost of capital, global 33 supply chain and production continuity, which may impact our ability to achieve long-term business objectives. Changes in environmental and climate change laws or regulations could lead to additional operational restrictions and compliance requirements upon us or our products, require new or additional investment in product designs, result in carbon offset investments or otherwise could negatively impact our business and/or competitive position. Increasing industry performance standards, increasing sustainability disclosure requirements in the U.S. and globally, and requirements on manufacturing and product air pollutant emissions, especially GHG emissions, may result in increased costs or reputational risks and could limit our ability to manufacture and/or market certain of our products at acceptable costs, or at all. Physical impacts of climate change, increasing global chemical restrictions and bans, and water and waste requirements may drive increased costs to us and our suppliers and impact our production continuity and data facilities. Changes in laws and regulations could also mandate significant and costly changes to the way we conduct our business, including increasing the cost of compliance, or could impose additional taxes. Such changes may result in contracts being terminated, greater costs to us, or could have a negative impact on our ability to obtain future work from government customers. Changes in sustainability reporting requirements may impact our global operations as we begin collecting information for reports to be published according to new standards. We will face significant challenges in being able to implement separate but overlapping standard-setting initiatives, which may contain inconsistencies. As we devote increasing amounts of resources to sustainability reporting, there remains uncertainty about how to address various sustainability issues, including enforcement in voluntary frameworks. Intensive work will need to be done in short timetables to comply with newly-introduced sustainability standards, with resultant transition costs. Non-compliance could result in various penalties, including liability for significant monetary damages, fines, enforcement actions and/or criminal prosecution or sanctions. Given the reach of new and proposed regulations in the jurisdictions where we operate, there is the possibility that we may not be able to comply, or may not be able to comply in time. We also may not be able to ensure that relevant companies within our supply chain are compliant with applicable supply chain due diligence acts, which may require us to embark on new due diligence processes with other companies and in some cases parting ways with suppliers. We closely monitor developments in sustainability- and climate change-related laws, regulations and policies for their potential effect on our business, however, we are currently not able to accurately predict the materiality of any potential costs associated with such developments. In addition, climate change-related litigation and investigations have increased in recent years and any claims or investigations against us could be costly to defend, and our business could be adversely affected by the outcome. Certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation, our Bylaws and Delaware law could hinder, delay or prevent a change in control of us that you might consider favorable, which could also adversely affect the price of our Class A Common Stock. Certain provisions under our Certificate of Incorporation, our Bylaws and Delaware law could discourage, delay or prevent a transaction involving a change in control of the Company, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders. These provisions could delay or prevent a change in control and could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our Class A Common Stock. Our Certificate of Incorporation authorizes our Board of Directors to issue new series of preferred stock without stockholder approval. Depending on the rights and terms of any new series created, and the reaction of the market to the series, the rights or value of our Class A Common Stock could be negatively affected. For example, subject to applicable law, our Board of Directors could create a series of preferred stock with superior voting rights to our existing common stock. The ability of our Board of Directors to issue this new series of preferred stock could also prevent or delay a third party from acquiring us, even if doing so would be beneficial to our stockholders. We may not pay cash dividends on our Common Stock. It is our current practice to pay cash dividends on our common stock. There can be no assurance, however, that we will pay dividends in the future in the amounts that we have in the past, or at all. Our Board of Directors may change the timing and amount of any future dividend payments or eliminate the payment of future dividends in its sole discretion, without any prior notice to our stockholders. Our ability to pay dividends will depend upon many factors, including our financial position and liquidity, results of operations, legal requirements, restrictions that may be imposed by the terms of our current and future credit facilities and other debt obligations and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors. For example, we have a substantial amount of indebtedness and while we feel that we generate sufficient cash from operations and have sufficient borrowing capacity to make required capital expenditures 34 to maintain and grow our business, any decrease in our cash generation could result in higher leverage. Higher leverage could hinder our ability to make acquisitions, capital expenditures, or other investments in our businesses, pay dividends, or withstand business and economic downturns. In the future, we may also enter into other credit agreements or other borrowing arrangements or issue debt securities that, in each case, restrict or limit our ability to pay cash dividends on our common stock. In addition, since a significant portion of our cash is generated from operations of our subsidiaries, our ability to pay dividends is in part dependent on the ability of our subsidiaries – some of which are located outside of the U.S. – to make distributions to us. Such distributions will be subject to their operating results, cash requirements and financial condition, as well as our ability to repatriate cash held by non-U.S. subsidiaries. Any change in the level of our dividends or the suspension of the payment thereof could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline. The trading market for our Class A Common Stock depends in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. If one or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades our Class A Common Stock or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our Class A Common Stock could decrease, which could cause our stock price and trading volume to decline. Future sales of shares by us or our existing stockholders could cause our stock price to decline. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline or might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate. As of February 16, 2024, we had 31.2 million shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding. In addition, shares of Class A Common Stock are issuable upon the vesting of outstanding equity awards, and certain shares are reserved for future issuance under our equity compensation plans. Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None. Item 1C. CYBERSECURITY Risk Management and Strategy Albany International Corp. views cybersecurity risk management as a cornerstone of our Enterprise Risk Management ("ERM") strategy, and we are committed to protecting our digital assets and sustaining investor confidence. Cybersecurity risks we face include data breaches, operational disruptions, reputational harm, and regulatory fines. Such incidents could lead to shutdowns or disruptions of or damage to our systems and those of our customers and suppliers, and unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential information, potentially including personal data and proprietary business information. Unauthorized disclosure of, denial of access to, or other incidents involving sensitive or confidential Company, employee, customer or supplier data, whether through systems failure, employee negligence, fraud, misappropriation, or cybersecurity, ransomware or malware attacks, or other intentional or unintentional acts, could damage our reputation and our competitive positioning in the marketplace, disrupt our or our customer’s business, cause us to lose customers and result in significant financial exposure and legal liability. These risks are identified, assessed and managed within the broader context of our ERM strategy, ensuring a comprehensive approach to organizational risk. We incorporate cybersecurity risk assessments into our overall enterprise risk assessment process. This integration ensures that cyber risks are evaluated and managed alongside other operational, financial, and strategic risks, offering a holistic view of our risk landscape. Our ERM strategy is overseen by an Enterprise Risk Management Committee, which is made up of representatives from our finance, legal, accounting, internal audit and global information systems functions, our business leaders and members of the Senior Leadership Team. It is led by our Chief Financial Officer and its actions are reported to our Board of Directors on a quarterly basis. 35 Our Chief Information Officer and Director of Information Security, along with members of their respective teams, are responsible for identifying and managing cybersecurity risk. The Senior Leadership Team, the Board of Directors and the Board’s Audit Committee receive regular updates and engage in regular strategic discussions relating to cybersecurity risk management as part of their overall oversight of risk management. Our cybersecurity framework leverages internationally recognized standards, including the CIS 20 and the NIST SP 800-171 frameworks, and is required to comply with the Department of Defense CMMC. We have policies and procedures in place designed to maintain compliance with relevant cybersecurity and data privacy laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate, such as the European Union GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act. Our cybersecurity strategy includes policies, procedures, and technology that proactively safeguard our operations against cybersecurity threats. Internal teams and external experts regularly conduct risk assessments and audits to identify cybersecurity threats, ensure regulatory compliance, and adhere to control process best practices. Continuous monitoring of our networks and systems for threats and vulnerabilities is a key component of our strategy, supported by the analysis of threat intelligence from external sources. This multi-layered approach enables early detection and facilitates prompt response to potential cybersecurity threats. We regularly review and update our cybersecurity strategies, policies and procedures, taking into consideration the latest advancements in cybersecurity practices and changes to the threat landscape. We have a cybersecurity incident response and crisis management plan in place, which incorporates regular training and simulation exercises, including with senior management, to ensure readiness and efficacy in responding to cybersecurity incidents. Our incident response and crisis management plan coordinates the activities we will take to prepare for, detect, respond to and recover from cybersecurity incidents, which include processes to triage, assess severity for, escalate, contain, investigate, and remediate the incident, as well as to comply with potentially applicable legal obligations and mitigate reputational damage. In addition, we provide regular security awareness education and training for all employees and consultants, conduct internal “phishing” testing and training for “clickers,” require mandatory security training for all new hires and publish periodic cybersecurity newsletters to highlight any emerging or urgent security threats. We also carry insurance that provides protection against the potential losses arising from a cybersecurity incident. We engage qualified third-party cybersecurity experts for in-depth cyber risk assessments, penetration tests, and compliance audits, which provide impartial perspective and insight into our cybersecurity posture and we engage consultants for the development and refinement of our cybersecurity strategy and maturity, drawing upon industry best practices and regulatory knowledge. These collaborations also include the refinement of our incident response and crisis management plan and employee training, emphasizing the transfer of knowledge for sustainable in-house capabilities. Our cybersecurity risk management processes extend to the oversight and identification of threats associated with our use of third-party service providers. We set clear objectives for third-party service providers, and we assess cybersecurity practices and any history of security incidents before engaging any potential service providers. Our contracts explicitly include requirements relating to cybersecurity, including adherence to certain standards, to ensure compliance with our security protocols. Once engaged, we regularly monitor the cybersecurity posture of these providers through surveys and reports, audits, and performance reviews. Our business strategy, results of operations and financial condition have not been materially affected by risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of previous cybersecurity incidents, but we cannot provide assurance that they will not be materially affected in the future by such risks and any future material incidents. Based on our review of past cybersecurity incidents, we believe that all such incidents were addressed promptly and effectively. In the last fiscal three years, we have not experienced any material information cybersecurity incidents and the expenses we have incurred from any cybersecurity incidents were immaterial. See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on our cybersecurity-related risks. Governance Board of Directors The Board of Directors oversees our risk management processes, including with respect to cybersecurity risk, and the Board considers cybersecurity risk management an enterprise priority. The Board has delegated primary 36 responsibility for reviewing and discussing with management our strategies, initiatives and policies relating to cybersecurity to the Audit Committee, which regularly reports to the full Board regarding such review and discussions. In addition, in connection with its oversight of cybersecurity risks in relation to financial reporting and internal controls, the Audit Committee plays a crucial role in the Board’s understanding and management of the financial and operational impacts of cybersecurity risks. As part of their oversight of cybersecurity risk, the Board and Audit Committee regularly review detailed cybersecurity reports, which include analyses of the threat landscape, recent incidents, and the efficacy of our cybersecurity strategy. In addition, the Chief Information Officer provides bi-annual updates to the Audit Committee and annual briefings to the full Board on our cybersecurity posture, strategy, and risk management. These reviews and updates are complemented by ongoing cybersecurity training for board members to enhance their decision- making and oversight effectiveness. Regular active engagement in strategic discussions by the Board and Audit Committee ensures that cybersecurity considerations are effectively integrated into our overall business strategy and align with Company objectives and demonstrates the Board’s commitment to proactive cybersecurity oversight. Management Although the Board oversees our overall risk management, day-to-day management of cybersecurity risk is the responsibility of management. Management’s critical role involves assessing and managing these risks through regular evaluations, deploying advanced security measures, and developing policies. Management integrates these strategies across all our operations, fostering a culture of cybersecurity awareness within the Company. This proactive stance is essential to safeguarding digital assets and ensuring operational resilience against evolving cyber threats. Quarterly, the Chief Information Officer presents detailed cybersecurity reports to the Enterprise Risk Committee, focusing on strategic initiatives and evolving threats. The Enterprise Risk Committee, meeting quarterly, evaluates cybersecurity within the broader organizational risk context, ensuring consistent assessment and management. The Chief Financial Officer chairs quarterly Enterprise Risk Management Committee meetings to review and evaluate various risk factors, including cybersecurity. The Chief Financial Officer's expertise in financial risk management, strategic planning, and organizational leadership is instrumental in guiding the committee's discussions and decisions. The Chief Financial Officer ensures that appropriate financial and operational implications of cybersecurity risk are considered and integrated into our Enterprise Risk Management Strategy. The Chief Information Officer oversees our broader IT strategy, including cybersecurity, and presents quarterly to the Enterprise Risk Management Committee, bi-annually to the Audit Committee, and annually to the Board. The Chief Information Officer's expertise in information technology, cybersecurity, and strategic planning, forged over 24 years, 20 of which has been spent in leadership at global publicly traded companies, is integral to our approach to cybersecurity risk management. This expertise is crucial in aligning our cybersecurity initiatives with business objectives, ensuring that our strategies effectively support the Company's overall goals. The Director of Information Security, reporting to and collaborating with the Vice President of Information Technology & the Chief Information Officer, manages our Enterprise Cybersecurity team. Day-to-day responsibilities include the implementation of cybersecurity strategies, cybersecurity risk management, and enhancing defenses against evolving threats. Our Director of Information Security has over 30 years of IT experience, 10 of which have been spent leading the Company’s cybersecurity efforts. The Information Security Director plays a key role in shaping our cybersecurity strategy, ensuring alignment with industry standards and integration into our broader IT strategy. Regular reporting channels between the Director of Information Security, the Chief Information Officer, and the Chief Financial Officer facilitate a cohesive, well-informed approach to managing cybersecurity risks. These reports include detailed analyses of potential threats, incident response readiness, and the effectiveness of existing cybersecurity measures. Item 2. PROPERTIES Our principal manufacturing facilities are located in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Italy, Mexico, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The aggregate square footage of our operating facilities in the United States is approximately 2.1 million square feet, of which 1.2 million square feet are owned and 0.9 million square feet are leased. Our facilities located outside the United States 37 comprise approximately 5.6 million square feet, of which 4.8 million square feet are owned and 0.8 million square feet are leased. We consider these facilities to be in good condition and suitable for our purpose. The capacity associated with these facilities is adequate to meet production levels required and anticipated through 2024. Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS The information set forth above is described in Note 21, Commitments and Contingencies, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. 38 PART II Item 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES We have Class A Common Stock with a par value of $0.001. Our Class A Common Stock is principally traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol AIN. According to Broadridge, as of December 31, 2023, there were over 50,000 beneficial owners of our Class A Common Stock, including employees owning shares through our 401(k) defined contribution plan. Dividends are paid on our Class A Common Stock. Our cash dividends, and the high and low prices per share of our Class A Common Stock, were as follows for the periods presented: Quarter Ended March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 Cash dividends per share Class A Common Stock prices: High Low Cash dividends per share Class A Common Stock prices: High Low 2023 2022 $ $ $ $ $ $ 0.25 $ 0.25 $ 0.25 $ 0.26 113.72 $ 93.28 $ 96.89 $ 85.28 $ 84.92 $ 83.53 $ 98.96 78.48 0.21 $ 0.21 $ 0.21 $ 0.25 91.25 $ 87.91 $ 97.20 $ 104.34 80.84 $ 75.94 $ 77.50 $ 81.62 The graph below compares the cumulative 5-Year total return of holders of Albany International Corp.’s common stock with the cumulative total returns of the Russell 2000 index and a customized peer group of nineteen companies included in the customized peer group which are: Astronics Corp, Idex Corp, Barnes Group Inc, Enpro Inc, Tredegar Corp, Ducommun Inc, Curtiss-Wright Corp, Watts Water Technologies Inc, Hexcel Corp, Nordson Corp, Glatfelter Corp, Heico Corp, Esco Technologies Inc, Enerpac Tool Group Corp, Rogers Corp, Trimas Corp, Kadant Inc, National Presto Industries Inc, and Mativ Holdings Inc. The graph assumes that the value of the investment in our common stock, in each index, and in the peer group (including reinvestment of dividends) was $100 on December 31, 2018 and tracks it through December 31, 2023. COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN* *$100 invested on 12/31/18 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Copyright© 2024 Russell Investment Group. All rights reserved. 39 Among Albany International Corp., the Russell 2000 Index,and a Peer GroupAlbany International Corp.Russell 2000Peer GroupDec-18Dec-19Dec-20Dec-21Dec-22Dec-23$0$25$50$75$100$125$150$175$200Fiscal year ending December 31. December 31, 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Albany International Corp. Russell 2000 Peer Group 100.00 100.00 100.00 122.79 125.52 136.04 120.44 150.58 145.75 146.48 172.90 173.93 164.88 137.56 164.96 166.07 160.85 190.56 The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance. Restrictions on dividends and other distributions are described in Note 17, Financial Instruments of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Disclosures of securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans are included under Item 12, Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In 2021, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase shares of up to $200 million through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, and to determine the prices, times and amounts. The program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and it may be suspended or terminated at any time at the Company's discretion. The share repurchase program does not have an expiration date. The timing and amount of any share repurchases will be based on the Company’s liquidity, general business and market conditions, debt covenant restrictions and other factors, including alternative investment opportunities and capital structure. In total, the Company has repurchased 1,308,003 shares for a total cost of $109.4M, of which 1,022,717 shares were repurchased in 2022 for $85.1 million and 285,286 shares were repurchased in 2021 for $24.3 million. The Company made no share repurchases during 2023. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities during the three months ended December 31, 2023 Period October 1 to October 31, 2023 November 1 to November 30, 2023 December 1 to December 31, 2023 Total Total number of shares purchased Average price paid per share Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced program Approx. dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the program (in thousands) — — — — — — — — — — — 90,561 90,561 90,561 90,561 Item 6. [RESERVED] ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand the results of operations and financial condition of the Company. MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 40 The MD&A generally discusses 2023 and 2022 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2023 and 2022. Discussions of 2021 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2022 and 2021 that are not included in this Form 10-K can be found in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results or Operations” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2023, incorporated herein by reference. Business Environment Overview and Trends Our reportable segments, Machine Clothing (“MC”) and Albany Engineered Composites (“AEC”) draw on the same advanced textiles and materials processing capabilities, and compete on the basis of product-based advantage that is grounded in those core capabilities. The MC segment is the Company’s long-established core business and primary generator of cash. While it has been negatively impacted by declines in publication grades in the Company’s traditional markets, there has been some offsetting effect due to growth in demand for packaging and tissue grades, as well as the expansion of paper consumption and production in Asia and South America. We believe we are well-positioned in key markets, with high- quality, low-cost production in growth markets, substantially lower fixed costs in mature markets, and continued strength in new product development, technical product support, and manufacturing technology. Some of the markets in which our products are sold are expected to have low levels of growth and we face pricing pressures in all markets. Despite these market pressures on revenue, the MC business retains the potential for maintaining stable earnings in the future. MC has been a significant generator of cash, and we seek to maintain the cash-generating potential of this business by maintaining the low costs that we have achieved through continuous focus on cost-reduction initiatives, and competing vigorously by using our differentiated and technically superior products to reduce our customers’ total cost of operation and improve their paper quality. On August 31, 2023, we acquired Heimbach, a privately-held manufacturer of paper machine clothing headquartered in Düren, Germany, which provides MC with an increase in scale and complementary technology that further drives MC's differentiated manufacturing sales and service network. See Note 24, Business Combination, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information. The AEC segment provides significant longer term growth potential for the Company. Our strategy is to grow by focusing our proprietary 3D-woven technology, as well as our non-3D technology capabilities, on high-value aerospace (both commercial and defense) applications, while at the same time performing successfully on our portfolio of growth programs. AEC (including Albany Safran Composites, LLC (“ASC”), in which our customer SAFRAN Group owns a 10 percent noncontrolling interest) supplies a number of customers in the aerospace industry. AEC’s largest aerospace customer is the SAFRAN Group ("SAFRAN") and sales to SAFRAN, through ASC, (consisting primarily of fan blades and cases for CFM International’s LEAP engine) accounted for approximately 16 percent of the Company’s consolidated Net revenues in 2023. AEC, through ASC, also supplies 3D-woven composite fan cases for the GE9X engine. AEC’s current portfolio of non-3D programs includes components for the CH-53K helicopter, components for the F-35, missile bodies for Lockheed Martin’s JASSM air-to-surface missiles, fuselage components for the Boeing 787 aircraft, and vacuum waste tanks for Boeing commercial aircraft. AEC is actively engaged in research to develop new applications in both commercial and defense aircraft engine and airframe markets. In 2023, approximately 39 percent of AEC net revenues were related to U.S. government contracts or programs. Consolidated Results of Operations Net Revenues The following table summarizes our Net revenues by business segment: Years ended December 31, Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Total net revenues % change (in thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021 2023 $ 670,768 $ 609,461 $ 619,015 477,141 425,426 310,225 $ 1,147,909 $ 1,034,887 $ 929,240 10.9 % 11.4 % 3.2 % 41 Changes in currency translation rates had the effect of decreasing 2023 Net revenues by $0.8 million, driven by the weaker Renminbi, which was partially offset by the stronger Euro, as compared to 2022. Excluding the effect of changes in currency translation rates, consolidated Net revenues increased 11 percent. Net revenues in MC increased 10.5 percent, excluding the effect of changes in currency translation rates, compared to 2022, driven by the acquisition of the Heimbach business in August 2023, which contributed Net revenues of $51.2 million. MC net revenues also improved due to better performance in tissue and packaging grades, which was partially offset by lower revenues from engineered fabrics. AEC's Net revenues increased 11.7 percent, excluding the effect of changes in currency translation rates, primarily due to revenue growth across AEC's portfolio of commercial programs including LEAP, Boeing 787 Frames, GE9X and other commercial programs. Recurring production revenues for defense programs grew year-over-year, however, the defense growth was more than offset by lower non-recurring revenues associated with the start-up of the CH-53K aft transition program. Backlog Backlog represents the summation of the value of all firm, open orders from customers at both segments. Backlog in the MC segment was $256 million at December 31, 2023, which included $72 million related to Heimbach, and $172 million at December, 31 2022. Backlog in the AEC segment increased to $494 million at December 31, 2023, compared to $414 million at December 31, 2022. The increase in AEC’s backlog was primarily due to growth on the LEAP and CH-53K programs. All of the backlog in MC and approximately 75 percent of the AEC backlog is expected to be invoiced during the next 12 months. Gross Profit The following table summarizes Gross profit by business segment: Years ended December 31, Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Total % of net revenues (in thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021 2023 $ 331,558 $ 312,285 $ 322,457 92,160 77,497 55,934 $ 423,718 $ 389,782 $ 378,391 36.9 % 37.7 % 40.7 % The increase in 2023 Gross profit, as compared to 2022, was principally due to increased Net revenues in both segments and the acquisition of Heimbach. The change in gross profit as a percentage of revenues for each segment is as follows: • MC gross profit margin decreased from 51.2 percent in 2022 to 49.4 percent in 2023 in MC. This margin decrease was partially driven by increased cost of goods sold at Heimbach, which included the non-recurring amortization of the fair value step-up of acquired inventory of $5.5 million. In addition, gross profit margin decreased as a result of increased input costs, mainly due to the inflationary environment, and lower overhead absorption. • AEC gross profit margin increased from 18.2 percent in 2022 to 19.3 percent in 2023. Growth in LEAP and other commercial programs contributed to improved overhead absorption, which improved gross profit margins. Selling, General, and Administrative ("SG&A") Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses include segment selling, general and administrative expenses and corporate expenses. The following table summarizes SG&A by business segment: 42 Years ended December 31, Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate Total % of net revenues (in thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021 2023 $ 107,246 $ 81,391 $ 79,570 34,597 73,072 30,565 56,757 26,852 53,705 $ 214,915 $ 168,713 $ 160,127 18.7 % 16.3 % 17.2 % Consolidated SG&A expenses increased 27.4 percent as compared to 2022. SG&A expenses also increased as a percentage of Net Revenues from 16.3 percent in 2022 to 18.7 percent in 2023. The change in SG&A by segment is driven by the following: • MC SG&A expenses increased $25.9 million as compared to 2022, of which $20.5 million of the increase relates to the acquisition of Heimbach and $4.6 million was due to changes in currency translation rates. Excluding Heimbach and changes in currency translation rates, MC's SG&A increase was modest at $0.8 million driven primarily by higher wages. • AEC SG&A expenses increased $4.0 million as compared to 2022, of which $1.7 million was due to increased incentive compensation and personnel-related costs and $0.9 was related to investments in business development, including increases in marketing and trade show activities. • Corporate SG&A expenses increased $16.3 million principally due to non-recurring acquisition-related costs and other non-recurring strategic costs of $4.6 million, $2.7 million of vesting of retirement compensation costs for the former CEO, $4.3 million in higher employee-related compensation and $3.1 million of IT-related costs. Technical and Research Technical and research expenses include technical, product engineering, internally funded research and development expenses. The following table summarizes technical and research expenses by business segment: Years ended December 31, Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Total technical and research expenses % of net revenues (in thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021 2023 $ 24,651 $ 24,588 $ 26,032 15,976 15,353 12,890 $ 40,627 $ 39,941 $ 38,922 3.5 % 3.9 % 4.2 % Consolidated Technical and research expenses increased 1.7 percent as compared to 2022, however, as a percentage of Net revenues, it decreased from 3.9 percent in 2022 to 3.5 percent in 2023. The change in Technical and research expenses by segment is driven by the following: • MC Technical and research expenses remained largely consistent with the prior year, increasing only marginally. • AEC Technical and research expenses increased $0.6 million as compared to 2022, due to increases in research material and labor costs. Restructuring In addition to the items discussed above affecting Gross profit, SG&A and Technical and research expenses, operating income was affected by Restructuring expenses, net, which was insignificant in both the current and prior year, and was related primarily to the winding down of restructuring actions taken in prior periods. For more information on our restructuring charges, see Note 5, Restructuring, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 43 Operating Income The following table summarizes operating income/(loss) by business segment: Years ended December 31, Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate Total operating income % of net revenues (in thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021 2023 $ 199,378 41,587 $ 206,214 31,579 $ 215,654 16,160 (73,071) $ 167,894 (56,771) $ 181,022 (53,803) $ 178,011 14.6 % 17.5 % 19.2 % See the Segment Results of Operations section of this Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for significant drivers of Operating income/(loss) for each business segment. Other Earnings Items The following table summarizes other earnings items that are presented below Operating income: Years ended December 31, Interest expense, net Pension settlement expense AMJP grant Other (income)/expense, net Income tax expense Net income/(loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest Interest Expense/(income), net 2023 (in thousands) 2022 2021 $ 13,601 $ 14,000 $ 14,891 — — 49,128 — (6,163) (14,086) 48,846 490 35,472 746 — (5,832) 3,021 47,163 290 Interest expense/(income), net, decreased over the prior year as a result of higher interest earned on Cash and cash equivalents, in addition to lower interest expense on finance leases. See the Working Capital, Liquidity and Capital Structure section for further discussion of borrowings and interest rates. Pension settlement expense During 2022, the Company took actions to settle certain pension plan liabilities in the U.S., leading to charges totaling $49.1 million. No similar charges were incurred during 2023. See Note 4, Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information. AMJP grant During 2021, the Company was awarded an Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection Program ("AMJP") grant of $5.8 million, under the American Rescue Plan of the U.S. Department of Transportation. No such award was granted during 2022 or 2023. See Government Grants under Note 1, Accounting Policies, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information. Other (income)/expense, net Other (income)/expense, net included foreign currency related transactions that resulted in gains of $2.9 million during 2023 and gains of $10.0 million during 2022. During 2023, the stronger Mexican Peso primarily drove transaction gains on nonfunctional currency monetary liabilities, while during 2022, the weaker Euro primarily drove transaction gains related to nonfunctional currency monetary assets. During 2022, the Company recorded a gain of $3.4 million on the sale of IP addresses that the Company had no future critical need to retain. There were no similar gains of this nature during 2023. 44  Income Taxes Years ended December 31, Effective tax rate 2023 2022 2021 30.4% 26.9% 28.4% The effective tax rate represents the combined federal, state and foreign tax effects attributable to pretax earnings. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development has issued Pillar Two model rules introducing a new global minimum tax of 15 percent intended to be effective on January 1, 2024. While the U.S. has not yet adopted the Pillar Two rules, various other governments around the world are enacting legislation. As currently designed, Pillar Two will ultimately apply to our worldwide operations. Although we do not expect these rules to materially increase our global tax costs in 2024, there remains uncertainty as to the final Pillar Two model rules. We will continue to monitor U.S. and global legislative action related to Pillar Two for potential impacts. On January 17, 2024, the House Ways and Means Committee announced a draft legislation called "The Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024". This act would restore 100% bonus depreciation for property placed in service after December 31, 2022 and before January 1, 2026; and retroactively restore the ability to deduct domestic research and experimentation costs that were required to be capitalized beginning in 2022 under Section 174. On January 31, 2024, the United States House of Representatives voted to approve this bill, which will now go to the United States Senate. We will continue to monitor the status of this legislation and assess the potential impact, if passed. For more information on income tax, see Note 7, Income Taxes, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 45 Segment Results of Operations Machine Clothing Segment The MC segment accounted for 58 percent of our consolidated revenues during 2023. A summary of MC's selected financial results is as follows: Review of Operations Years ended December 31, Net revenues % change Gross profit % of net revenues SG&A expenses Technical and research expenses Operating income Net revenues (in thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021 2023 $ 670,768 $ 609,461 $ 619,015 10.1 % -1.5 % 8.0 % 331,558 312,285 322,457 49.4 % 51.2 % 52.1 % 107,246 24,651 199,378 81,391 24,588 79,570 26,032 206,214 215,654 MC's Net revenues increased 10.1 percent in 2023, driven by the acquisition of the Heimbach business in August, which contributed Net revenues of $51.2 million. Net revenues also increased due to better performance in tissue and packaging grades, which was partially offset by lower revenues in engineered fabrics. Changes in currency translation rates had the effect of decreasing 2023 Net revenues by $2.6 million, driven by the weaker Renminbi, which was partially offset by the stronger Euro, as compared to 2022. Gross Profit MC gross profit increased $19.3 million, driven by the additional gross profit from Heimbach's revenues and organic revenue growth. Gross profit margin decreased from 51.2 percent in 2022 to 49.4 percent in 2023. This margin decrease was partially driven by increased cost of goods sold at Heimbach, which included the non-recurring amortization of the fair value step-up of acquired inventory of $5.5 million. In addition, gross profit margin decreased as a result of increased input costs, mainly due to the inflationary environment, and lower overhead absorption. Operating Income The decrease in Operating income as compared to 2022 was principally due to Heimbach's operating loss of $6.3 million and increases in SG&A expenses as discussed above. Albany Engineered Composites Segment The AEC segment accounted for 42 percent of our consolidated net revenues during 2023. A summary of AEC's selected financial results is as follows: Review of Operations Years ended December 31, Net revenues % change Gross profit % of net revenues SG&A expenses Technical and research expenses Operating income/(loss) 46 (in thousands, except percentages) 2022 2021 2023 $ 477,141 $ 425,426 $ 310,225 12.2 % 92,160 19.3 % 34,597 15,976 41,587 37.1 % 77,497 18.2 % 30,565 15,353 31,579 -5.3 % 55,934 18.0 % 26,852 12,890 16,160 Net revenues AEC's Net revenues increased 12.2 percent primarily due to revenue growth across AEC's portfolio of commercial programs including LEAP, Boeing 787 Frames, GE9x and other commercial programs. These increases amounted to approximately $63.0 million. Recurring production revenues for defense programs grew year-over-year, however, the growth was more than offset by lower non-recurring revenues associated with the start-up of the CH-53K aft transition program. These net decreases amounted to approximately $11.0 million. Excluding the effect of changes in currency translation rates, the increase in Net revenues was 11.7 percent. AEC has contracts with certain customers, including its contract for the LEAP program, where revenue is determined by a cost-plus-fee agreement. Revenue earned under these arrangements accounted for approximately 40 percent of segment revenue for 2023 and 2022. LEAP engines are currently used on the Airbus A320neo, Boeing 737 MAX, and COMAC 919 aircraft. In addition, AEC has long-term contracts in which the selling price is fixed. In accounting for these contracts, we estimate the profit margin expected at the completion of the contract and recognize a pro-rata share of that profit during the course of the contract using a cost-to-cost approach. Changes in estimated contract profitability will affect revenue and gross profit when the change occurs, which could have a significant favorable or unfavorable effect on revenue and gross profit in any reporting period. For contracts with anticipated losses, a provision for the entire amount of the estimated remaining loss is charged against income in the period in which the loss becomes known. Contract losses are determined considering all direct and indirect contract costs, exclusive of any selling, general or administrative cost allocations, which are treated as period expenses. Expected losses on projects include losses on contract options that are probable of exercise, excluding profitable options that often follow. Gross Profit Net revenues growth on key programs, as noted above, contributed to improved overhead absorption, driving a Gross profit increase of $14.7 million as compared to 2022. Gross profit margin increased from 18.2 percent in 2022 to 19.3 percent in 2023. Operating Income/(Loss) Operating income increased $10.0 million in 2023, principally due to an increase in Gross profit, as described above, partially offset by a $4.0 million increase in SG&A expenses related to incentive compensation, personnel- related costs, and investments in business development activities. The sum of net adjustments to the estimated profitability of long-term contracts decreased AEC operating income by $4.1 million in 2023, compared to an increase in AEC operating income of $0.5 million in 2022. Working Capital, Liquidity and Capital Structure Working Capital Payment terms granted to paper industry and other machine clothing customers reflect general competitive practices. Terms vary with product, competitive conditions, and the country of operation. In some markets, customer agreements require us to maintain significant amounts of finished goods inventory to assure continuous availability of our products. In addition to supplying paper, paperboard, and tissue companies, the MC segment is a leading supplier to the nonwovens (which includes the manufacture of products such as diapers, personal care, and household wipes), building products, and tannery and textile industries. These non-paper industries have a wide range of customers, with markets that vary from industrial applications to consumer use products. The AEC segment primarily serves customers in the commercial and defense aerospace market through both engine and airframe applications. AEC's working capital levels rose sharply in the last few years in line with the segment's growth. In the MC segment, the Chinese New Year, summer months, and the end of the year are often periods of lower production for some of our customers, which, in the past contributed to seasonal variation in sales and orders. In recent years, shorter order cycles and lower inventory levels throughout the supply chain have become a more significant factor in quarterly sales. The impact of these combined factors on any quarter can be difficult to predict, and can make quarterly comparisons less meaningful than annual comparisons. While seasonality is generally not a 47 significant factor in the Albany Engineered Composites segment, the commercial terms of the supply agreement governing the LEAP program resulted in fourth quarter sales volatility in recent years. Cash Flow Summary For the years ended December 31, Net income Depreciation and amortization Changes in working capital(a) Changes in long-term liabilities, deferred taxes and other credits Non-cash portion of pension settlement expense Other operating items Net cash provided by operating activities Net cash used in investing activities Net cash used in financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash flows Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 2023 (in thousands) 2022 2021 $ 111,610 $ 96,508 $ 118,768 76,733 (44,214) (11,829) — 15,756 148,056 (217,899) (52,641) 4,128 69,049 (63,478) (18,629) 42,657 2,107 128,214 (96,348) (23,652) (18,474) (118,356) (10,260) 291,776 302,036 74,255 16,488 (1,532) — 9,496 217,475 (53,699) (99,635) (3,421) 60,720 241,316 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 173,420 $ 291,776 $ 302,036 _________________________ (a) Includes Accounts receivable, Contract assets, Inventories, Accounts payable and Accrued liabilities. Net cash provided by operating activities was $148.1 million in 2023, compared to $128.2 million in the same period last year. The increase was driven by higher Net income, improved levels of working capital at MC, and lower cash outflows related to other liabilities. In the previous year, the Company made contributions of approximately $12.6 million to the U.S. Pension plan, in line with the Company's plan to reduce pension obligations over time. No similar payment was made during the current year (see discussion in Note 4, Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K). We strategically deploy our cash with a focus on investing in our business and new technologies to provide our customers with enhanced capabilities, increase shareholder value, and position ourselves to take advantage of new business opportunities as they arise. Based on such strategy, we have continued to invest in our business and technologies through capital expenditures, research and development, and when appropriate, selective business acquisitions. In the third quarter of 2023, the Company acquired Heimbach, a privately-held manufacturer of paper machine clothing with headquarters in Düren, Germany, for net cash of $133.5 million, funded using cash on hand. Net cash used in investing activities also included capital expenditures totaling $84.4 million in 2023, compared to $96.3 million in the same period last year, including investments to improve productivity and produce a meaningful impact on energy and resource efficiency. Net cash used in financing activities during 2023 was $52.6 million compared to $23.7 million in 2022, driven by increased principal payments on debt and increased dividends paid to shareholders during 2023. Liquidity and Capital Structure We finance our business activities primarily with cash generated from operations and borrowings, largely through our revolving credit agreement as discussed below. Our subsidiaries outside of the United States may also maintain working capital lines with local banks. Under our $800 million unsecured credit agreement, $446 million of borrowings were outstanding as of December 31, 2023. We believe cash flows from operations and the availability of funds under our Amended Credit Agreement will be adequate to fund our operations and business needs over the next twelve months. As of December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $173.4 million and availability under our Credit Agreement of $354 million, for a total liquidity of approximately $527 million. For more information on the revolving 48 credit agreement, see Note 17, Financial Instruments, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As of December 31, 2023, $133 million of our total cash and cash equivalents was held by non-U.S. subsidiaries. The Company has targeted for repatriation $160.8 million of current year and prior year earnings of the Company’s foreign operations. The accumulated undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign operations not targeted for repatriation to the U.S. were approximately $154.8 million, and are intended to remain indefinitely invested in foreign operations. Our cash planning strategy includes repatriating current earnings in excess of working capital requirements from certain countries in which our subsidiaries operate. While we have been successful in such endeavor to date, there can be no assurance that we will be able to cost effectively repatriate funds in the future. Repatriating such cash from certain jurisdictions, that is currently considered to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations, may also result in additional taxes. Bank debt at the Company's Heimbach subsidiary, of which $32.7 million was assumed in the acquisition, is held by several European financial institutions. Since August 31, 2023 the Company paid down approximately $22 million of this debt ($18.6 million during the fourth quarter of 2023), reducing outstanding debt borrowings at the Company's Heimbach subsidiary to approximately $11 million as of December 31, 2023, of which $4.2 million is classified as Current maturity on long-term debt (see Note 24, Business Combination and Note 17, Financial Instruments, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information). We have also returned cash to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. We paid dividends of $31 million and $26 million during 2023 and 2022, respectively. There were no share repurchases in 2023. The Company is party to certain off-balance sheet arrangements, including certain guarantees. The Company provides financial assurance, such as payment guarantee and letters of credit and surety bonds, primarily to support workers’ compensation programs and customs clearance, of less than $7 million. There were no material changes in the Company’s off-balance sheet arrangements during 2023. Other Sources/Uses of Capital We have contractual commitments to repay debt, make payments under leases, contribute to our pension and postretirement plans, and settle obligations related to agreements to purchase goods and services, income taxes, compensation plans, and as applicable, interest rate swaps. We estimate these contractual commitments amount to approximately $716 million as of December 31, 2023, of which we expect to pay $58 million within the next year. Such commitments are not representative of all our future cash requirements, which will vary based on future needs. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates For the discussion of our accounting policies, see Note 1, Accounting Policies, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make assumptions and estimates that directly affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Each of these assumptions is subject to uncertainties and changes in those assumptions or judgments which can affect our results of operations. In addition to the accounting policies stated in Note 1, Accounting Policies, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the financial statement amounts and disclosures are significantly influenced by market factors, judgments and estimates as described below. Revenue Recognition Contracts with customers in the MC segment have various terms that can affect the point in time when revenue is recognized. The contractual terms are closely monitored in order to ensure revenue is recognized in the proper period. Products and services provided under long-term contracts represent a significant portion of net revenues in the AEC segment. AEC’s largest source of revenue is derived from the LEAP contract under a cost-plus-fee agreement. The fee may vary within a narrow range based on our success in achieving certain cost targets. Revenue is recognized over time as costs are incurred. Under this contract, there is judgment involved in determining applicable contract costs and the amount of revenue to be recognized. 49 We also have fixed price long-term contracts, for which revenue is generally recognized over time using an input method as the measure of progress. This method requires significant judgment and estimation, which could be considerably different if the underlying circumstances were to change. When adjustments in estimated contract revenues or costs are required, any changes from prior estimates are included in earnings in the period the change occurs. AEC has long-term aerospace contracts under which there are two phases: a phase during which the production part is designed and tested, and a phase of supplying production parts. During the design and testing phases, we perform pre-production or nonrecurring engineering services, which are normally considered a fulfillment activity, rather than a performance obligation. Fulfillment activities that create resources that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in the future, and are expected to be recovered, are capitalized in Other assets. The capitalized costs are amortized into cost of goods sold over the period which the asset is expected to contribute to future cash flows, including anticipated renewal periods. Accumulated capitalized costs are written-off when those costs are determined to be unrecoverable. For contracts with anticipated losses, a provision for the entire amount of the estimated remaining loss is charged against income in the period in which the loss becomes known. Contract loss provisions include contract options that are probable of exercise, excluding any profitable options that might be expected to follow. Contract losses are determined considering all direct and indirect contract costs, exclusive of any selling, general or administrative costs, which are treated as period expenses. We are required to limit our estimate of contract values to the period of the legally enforceable contract. While certain contracts are expected to be profitable over the course of the program life when including expected renewals, our estimate of contract revenues and costs is limited to the estimated value of enforceable rights and obligations, excluding anticipated renewals. In some cases, the contract period may result in a loss contract provision at the inception of the contract. Pension and Postretirement Liabilities We sponsor several pension and postretirement benefit plans. Our liabilities under these defined benefit plans are determined using methodologies that involve several actuarial assumptions, the most significant of which are the discount rate, health care cost inflation rate and the long-term rate of return on plan assets. We review our actuarial assumptions on an annual basis and make modifications to the assumptions when appropriate. Discount Rate Selection We select a discount rate for purposes of measuring obligations under defined benefit plans by matching cash flows separately for each plan to the yields on high-quality zero coupon bonds. We use the RATE: Link 60-90 model (the "RATE Link"). We believe the projected cash flows used to determine RATE Link provide a good approximation of the timing and amounts of our defined benefit payments under our plans and no adjustments to RATE Link has been made. Measurement of our postretirement benefit obligations requires the use of several assumptions about factors that will affect the amount and timing of future benefit payments. The assumed health care cost trend rates are the most critical estimates for measurement of the postretirement benefit obligation. Changes in the health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care benefit obligation. Long-term Rate of Return on Plan Assets Assumption Our expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is derived from our asset allocation strategies and anticipated future long-term performance of individual asset classes. Our analysis gives consideration to recent plan performance and historical returns; however, the assumptions are primarily based on long-term, prospective rates of return. The weighted average long-term rate of return on plan assets for our defined benefit pension plans is 5.2 percent for 2023. Based on information provided by actuaries and other relevant sources, the Company believes that the assumptions used to estimate expenses, assets and liabilities of pensions and postretirement benefits are reasonable; however, changes in these assumptions could impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 50 Income Taxes We regularly assess the likelihood that deferred tax assets will be realized through the reversal of existing temporary differences and/or future taxable income. To the extent we believe that it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized, a valuation allowance is established. The amount of a valuation allowance is based upon our best estimate of our ability to realize the deferred tax assets. Business Combinations As we enter into business combinations, we perform acquisition accounting requirements including the following: • Identifying the acquirer, • Determining the acquisition date, • Recognizing and measuring the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed, and • Recognizing and measuring goodwill, as applicable We complete valuation procedures and record the resulting fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities in accordance with the acquisition method under ASC 805, Business Combinations. The acquisition methodology requires management to make assumptions and apply judgment to determine the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If estimates or assumptions used to complete the enterprise valuation and estimates of the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities significantly differed from assumptions made, the resulting difference could materially affect the fair value of net assets. In determining the fair value of the tangible assets, including property, plant and equipment, we consider the cost-approach and the market-approach, which estimates the cost to replace the asset, less accrued depreciation resulting from physical deterioration, functional obsolescence and external obsolescence. In the determination of the fair value of the identified intangible assets, we use cash flow models following the income approach, specifically, a relief from royalty method methodology. Inputs include estimated revenue growth rates, gross margins, operating expenses, and estimated attrition, royalty and discount rates. Goodwill is recorded as the difference in the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities and the purchase price, as applicable. The Heimbach acquisition did not result in any goodwill. Goodwill and Intangible assets Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at least annually. Estimating the fair value of reporting units requires the use of estimates and significant judgments, including but not limited to revenue growth rates, operating margins, discount rates, and future market conditions. It is possible that these judgments and estimates could change in future periods. The determination of the fair value of intangible assets acquired in a business acquisition is subject to many estimates and assumptions. Among such estimates and assumptions are royalties, discount rate and useful life. We review amortizable intangible asset groups for impairment whenever events and changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Recent Accounting Pronouncements See Note 1, Accounting Policies, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for Recent Accounting Pronouncements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Non-GAAP Measures This Form 10-K contains certain non-GAAP measures that should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the related GAAP measures. Such non-GAAP measures include net revenues and percent change in net revenues, excluding the impact of currency translation effects; EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA margin; Net debt; Net leverage ratio; and Adjusted Diluted earnings per share (or Adjusted EPS). Management believes that these non-GAAP measures provide additional useful information to investors regarding the Company’s operational performance. 51 Presenting Net revenues and change in Net revenues, after currency effects are excluded, provides management and investors insight into underlying sales trends. Net revenues, or percent changes in net revenues, excluding currency rate effects, are calculated by converting amounts reported in local currencies into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate of a prior period. These amounts are then compared to the U.S. dollar amount as reported in the current period. EBITDA (calculated as net income excluding interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization), Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EPS are performance measures that relate to the Company’s continuing operations. The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA excluding costs or benefits that are not reflective of the Company’s ongoing or expected future operational performance. Such excluded costs or benefits do not consist of normal, recurring cash items necessary to generate revenues or operate our business. Adjusted EBITDA margin represents Adjusted EBITDA expressed as a percentage of net revenues. The Company defines Adjusted EPS as diluted earnings per share (GAAP), adjusted by the after tax per share amount of costs or benefits not reflective of the Company’s ongoing or expected future operational performance. The income tax effects are calculated using the applicable statutory income tax rate of the jurisdictions where such costs or benefits were incurred or the effective tax rate applicable to total Company results. The Company’s Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, and Adjusted EPS may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Net debt aids investors in understanding the Company’s debt position if all available cash were applied to pay down indebtedness. Net leverage ratio informs the investors of the Company's financial leverage at the end of the reporting period, providing an indicator of the Company's ability to repay its debt. We encourage investors to review our financial statements and publicly-filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure. The following tables show the calculation of consolidated EBITDA and consolidated Adjusted EBITDA: Years ended December 31, Net income (GAAP) Interest expense, net Income tax expense Depreciation and amortization expense EBITDA (non-GAAP) Restructuring expenses, net Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses CEO transition expenses Inventory step-up impacting Cost of goods sold Dissolution of business relationships in Russia Pension settlement expense IP address sales Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection (AMJP) grant Acquisition/integration costs Pre-tax (income)/loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 2023 (in thousands) 2022 2021 $ 111,610 $ 96,508 $ 118,768 13,601 48,846 76,733 14,000 35,472 69,049 14,891 47,163 74,255 250,790 215,029 255,077 282 1,296 2,719 5,480 — — — — 5,194 (665) 106 (9,829) — — 2,275 49,128 (3,420) — 1,057 (817) 1,331 (1,442) — — — — — (4,731) 1,166 (510) Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) $ 265,096 $ 253,529 $ 250,891 52 48,846 3,812 (63,096) — (2,884) 2,719 — 3,129 — 111,610 13,601 48,846 76,733 250,790 282 1,296 2,719 5,480 5,194 (665) 96,508 14,000 35,472 69,049 215,029 106 (9,829) 2,275 49,128 (3,420) 1,057 (817) (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate expenses and other Total Company 41,587 $ — (129,355) $ 13,601 Year ended December 31, 2023 Net income/(loss) (GAAP) Interest expense, net Income tax expense Depreciation and amortization expense EBITDA (non-GAAP) Restructuring expenses, net Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses (a) CEO transition expenses Inventory step-up impacting Cost of goods sold $ 199,378 $ — — 23,891 223,269 282 4,117 — 5,480 — 49,030 90,617 — 63 — — Acquisition/integration costs Pre-tax (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest 984 (24) 1,081 (641) Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) $ 234,108 $ 91,120 $ (60,132) $ 265,096 Year ended December 31, 2022 Net income/(loss) (GAAP) Interest expense, net Income tax expense Depreciation and amortization expense EBITDA (non-GAAP) Restructuring expenses, net Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses (a) (520) Dissolution of business relationships in Russia Pension settlement expense IP address sales Acquisition/integration costs Pre-tax (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest 1,494 — — — — (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate expenses and other Total Company $ 206,214 $ 31,579 $ (141,285) $ — — 19,483 225,697 92 — — 46,202 77,781 — 672 — — — 1,057 (817) 14,000 35,472 3,364 (88,449) 14 (9,981) 781 49,128 (3,420) — — Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) $ 226,763 $ 78,693 $ (51,927) $ 253,529 Year ended December 31, 2021 Net income/(loss) (GAAP) Interest expense, net Income tax expense Depreciation and amortization expense EBITDA (non-GAAP) Restructuring expenses, net Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses (a) Former CEO termination costs Acquisition/integration costs (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate expenses and other Total Company $ 215,654 $ — — 20,191 235,845 1,202 (307) — — 16,160 $ — — 50,402 66,562 32 (113,046) $ 14,891 47,163 3,662 (47,330) 97 50 1,101 1,166 (1,185) (5,832) — 118,768 14,891 47,163 74,255 255,077 1,331 (1,442) (4,731) 1,166 Pre-tax loss attributable to noncontrolling interest Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) — 236,740 $ $ (510) 68,401 $ — (54,250) $ (510) 250,891 53 The Company discloses certain income and expense items on a per-share basis. The Company believes that such disclosures provide important insight into the underlying earnings and are financial performance metrics commonly used by investors. The Company calculates the per-share amount for items included in continuing operations by using the income tax rate based on either the tax rates in specific countries or the estimated tax rate applied to total Company results. The after-tax amount is then divided by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding for each period. Year-to-date earnings per-share effects are determined by adding the amounts calculated at each reporting period. The following tables show the diluted earnings per share effect of certain income and expense items: Year ended December 31, 2023 Restructuring expenses, net Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses (a) CEO transition expenses Inventory step-up impacting Cost of goods sold Withholding tax related to internal restructuring Acquisition/integration costs Year ended December 31, 2022 Restructuring expenses, net (in thousands, except per share amounts) Pre tax Amounts Tax Effect After tax Effect Per Share Effect $ 282 $ 70 $ 1,296 2,719 5,480 — 5,194 416 — 1,211 (3,026) 951 212 $ 880 2,719 4,269 3,026 4,243 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.14 0.10 0.14 (in thousands, except per share amounts) Pre tax Amounts Tax Effect After tax Effect Per Share Effect $ 106 $ 34 $ 72 $ 0.01 (0.23) 0.06 1.20 (0.17) (0.08) 0.04 Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses (a) (9,829) (2,582) (7,247) Dissolution of business relationships in Russia Pension settlement expense 2,275 49,128 305 11,947 1,970 37,181 Tax impact of stranded OCI benefit from Tax Cuts and Job Act (TCJA) for pension liability IP address sales Acquisition/integration costs — 5,217 (3,420) 1,057 (872) 316 (5,217) (2,548) 741 (in thousands, except per share amounts) Year ended December 31, 2021 Restructuring expenses, net Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses (a) AMJP grant Acquisition/integration costs Pre tax Amounts Tax Effect After tax Effect Per Share Effect $ 1,331 $ (1,442) (4,731) 1,166 399 $ (323) (1,404) 349 932 $ (1,119) (3,327) 817 0.02 (0.04) (0.11) 0.04 54 The following table contains the calculation of full-year consolidated Adjusted EPS, excluding adjustments: Years ended December 31, Earnings per share attributable to Company shareholders - Basic (GAAP) Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation plans Earnings per share attributable to Company shareholders - Diluted (GAAP) $ $ 2023 Per share amounts 2022 2021 3.56 $ (0.01) 3.06 $ (0.02) 3.66 (0.01) 3.55 $ 3.04 $ 3.65 Adjustments, after tax: Restructuring expenses, net Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses (a) CEO transition expenses Inventory step-up impacting Cost of goods sold Dissolution of business relationships in Russia Pension settlement expense IP address sales Tax impact of stranded OCI benefit from TCJA for pension liability (b) AMJP grant Withholding tax related to internal restructuring Acquisition/integration costs 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.14 — — — — — 0.10 0.14 0.01 (0.23) — — 0.06 1.20 (0.08) (0.17) — — 0.04 Adjusted Diluted earnings per share (non-GAAP) $ 4.06 $ 3.87 $ 0.02 (0.04) — — — — — — (0.11) 0.04 3.56 (a) Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses represent unrealized gains and losses arising from the remeasurement of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies on the balance sheet date. (b) Our Adjusted EPS excluded the benefit from the reclassification of stranded income tax effects caused by the TCJA associated with the U.S. pension plan liability that was eliminated in September 2022, a one-time event that would not recur in the future. Such stranded income tax effect represented a one-time benefit that distorted the effective tax rate for the quarter and year-to-date ended September 30, 2022, and would not be indicative of ongoing or expected future income tax rate at the Company. Management believes excluding pension settlement expense and its income tax impact, including the stranded income tax effects, from its Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EPS for the quarter and year-to-date ended September 30, 2022 would provide investors a transparent view and enhanced ability to better assess the Company’s ongoing operational and financial performance. Net debt is, in the opinion of the Company, helpful to investors wishing to understand what the Company’s debt position would be if all available cash were applied to pay down indebtedness. The Company calculates Net debt by subtracting Cash and cash equivalents from Total debt. Total debt is calculated by adding Long-term debt, Current maturities of long-term debt, and Notes and loans payable, if any. The following table contains the calculation of consolidated net debt: As of December 31, Current maturities of long-term debt Long-term debt Total debt Cash and cash equivalents Net debt 2023 (in thousands) 2022 $ 4,218 $ — $ 452,667 456,885 173,420 439,000 439,000 291,776 2021 — 350,000 350,000 302,036 $ 283,465 $ 147,224 $ 47,964 55 Consolidated net leverage ratio informs the investors of the Company's financial leverage at the end of the reporting period, providing an indicator of the Company's ability to repay its debt. The Company calculates consolidated net leverage ratio by subtracting Cash and cash equivalents from total debt, and then dividing by trailing twelve months Adjusted EBITDA. The calculation of the consolidated net leverage ratio is as follows: (in thousands) Net income/(loss) (GAAP) Interest expense, net Income tax expense Depreciation and amortization expense EBITDA (non-GAAP) Restructuring expenses, net Foreign currency revaluation (gains)/losses (a) CEO transition expenses Inventory step-up impacting Cost of goods sold Acquisition/integration costs Pre-tax (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest Year ended December 31, 2023 $ 111,610 13,601 48,846 76,733 250,790 282 1,296 2,719 5,480 5,194 (665) Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) $ 265,096 (in thousands, except for net leverage ratio) December 31, 2023 Net debt (non-GAAP) Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) Net leverage ratio (non-GAAP) $ 283,465 265,096 1.07 56 Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We have market risk with respect to foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. The market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in these rates as discussed below. Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk We have manufacturing plants and sales transactions worldwide and therefore are subject to foreign currency risk. This risk is composed of both potential losses from the translation of foreign currency financial statements and the remeasurement of foreign currency transactions. To manage this risk, we periodically enter into forward exchange contracts either to hedge the net assets of a foreign investment or to provide an economic hedge against future cash flows. The total net assets of non-U.S. operations and long-term intercompany loans denominated in nonfunctional currencies subject to potential loss amount to approximately $716.5 million. The potential loss in fair value resulting from a hypothetical 10 percent adverse change in quoted foreign currency exchange rates amounts to $71.7 million. Furthermore, related to foreign currency transactions, we have exposure to various nonfunctional currency balances totaling $117.3 million. This amount includes, on an absolute basis, exposures to assets and liabilities held in currencies other than our local entities' functional currency. On a net basis, we had $29.4 million of foreign currency assets as of December 31, 2023. As currency rates change, these nonfunctional currency balances are revalued, and the corresponding adjustment is recorded in the income statement. A hypothetical change of 10 percent in currency rates could result in an adjustment to the income statement of approximately $2.9 million. Actual results may differ. Interest Rate Risk We are exposed to interest rate fluctuations with respect to our variable rate debt, depending on general economic conditions. On December 31, 2023, we had the following variable rate debt: (in thousands, except interest rates) Current maturities of long-term debt: Foreign bank debt (at an end of period rate ranging from 5.22% to 5.52% in 2023) $ 43 Long-term debt: Credit agreement with borrowings outstanding, net of fixed rate portion, at an end of period interest rate of 7.08% in 2023, due in 2028 Foreign bank debt (at an end of period rate ranging from 5.22% to 5.52% in 2023) Total 96,000 49 96,092 $ Assuming borrowings were outstanding for an entire year, an increase of one percentage point in weighted average interest rates would increase interest expense by $1.0 million. To manage interest rate risk, we may periodically enter into interest rate swap agreements to effectively fix the interest rates on variable rate debt to a specific rate for a period of time. (See Note 18, Fair-Value Measurements, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K). 57 Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 59 63 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 64 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 65 66 67 58 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and Board of Directors Albany International Corp.: Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Albany International Corp. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and financial statement Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 26, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Basis for Opinion These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matter The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. Evaluation of estimated total contract costs at completion for Albany Engineered Composites revenue recognition for certain firm-fixed-price contracts As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, a portion of the Albany Engineered Composites (AEC) segment revenue is earned under firm-fixed-price orders that are placed under definitive agreements, with revenue recognized over time as costs are incurred. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenue is recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. 59 We identified the evaluation of estimated total contract costs at completion for AEC revenue recognition for certain firm-fixed-price contracts as a critical audit matter. A high degree of auditor judgment was required to evaluate the estimates of total contract costs at completion because of the varied nature and inherent complexities of the contractual performance obligations. The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over the AEC revenue process. This included controls related to developing forecasted estimated total contract costs. For certain contracts, we compared the Company’s historical estimates of costs to actual costs incurred to assess the Company’s ability to estimate accurately. We read relevant agreements, including amendments, and inquired of financial and operational personnel of the Company to identify factors that should be considered within the cost to complete estimates. We inspected the Company’s analysis of contract status, including forecasted costs, which we compared against historical costs. We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2014. /s/ KPMG LLP Albany, New York February 26, 2024 60 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and Board of Directors Albany International Corp.: Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting We have audited Albany International Corp. and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and financial statement Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated February 26, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. The Company acquired Heimbach during 2023, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, Heimbach’s internal control over financial reporting associated with 14 percent of total consolidated assets (of which 8 percent related to property, plant, and equipment, net, and intangible assets included within the scope of the assessment) and 4 percent of total consolidated revenues included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Heimbach. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting (Item 9A). Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 61 Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. /s/ KPMG LLP Albany, New York February 26, 2024 62 Albany International Corp. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME For the years ended December 31, (in thousands, except per share amounts) Net revenues Cost of goods sold Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Technical and research expenses Restructuring expenses, net Operating income Interest income Interest expense Pension settlement expense Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection (AMJP) grant Other (income)/expense, net Income before income taxes Income tax expense Net income Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest 2023 2022 2021 $ 1,147,909 $ 1,034,887 $ 724,191 423,718 214,915 40,627 282 167,894 (6,566) 20,167 — — (6,163) 160,456 48,846 111,610 490 645,105 389,782 168,713 39,941 106 181,022 (3,835) 17,835 49,128 — (14,086) 131,980 35,472 96,508 746 929,240 550,849 378,391 160,127 38,922 1,331 178,011 (2,500) 17,391 — (5,832) 3,021 165,931 47,163 118,768 290 Net income attributable to the Company $ 111,120 $ 95,762 $ 118,478 Earnings per share: Basic earnings per share attributable to Company shareholders Diluted earnings per share attributable to Company shareholders Dividends declared per share Weighted average shares outstanding: Basic Diluted $ $ $ 3.56 $ 3.55 $ 3.06 $ 3.04 $ 3.66 3.65 1.01 $ 0.88 $ 0.81 31,171 31,276 31,339 31,455 32,348 32,463 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 63 Albany International Corp. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME For the years ended December 31, (in thousands) Net income Other comprehensive income, before tax: Foreign currency translation and other adjustments Reclassification of loss on pension settlement Pension/postretirement plan remeasurement Amortization of pension and postretirement liability adjustments: Prior service credit Net actuarial loss Payments and amortization related to interest rate swaps included in earnings Derivative valuation adjustment Income taxes related to items of other comprehensive income: Reclassification of loss on pension settlement Pension/postretirement plan remeasurement Amortization of pension and postretirement liability adjustments Payments and amortization related to interest rate swaps included in earnings Derivative valuation adjustment Comprehensive income 2023 2022 2021 $ 111,610 $ 96,508 $ 118,768 18,593 — 4,302 (40,971) (20,808) 42,657 (2,292) — (2,259) (4,122) (4,497) 1,383 3,260 (4,475) 4,625 (15,062) 3,512 468 25,396 — (16,459) (673) 904 (370) 408 6,852 3,764 — 1,463 (52) 3,811 (118) (889) (6,425) (1,734) (952) 123,369 97,565 105,192 Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interest 949 856 (161) Comprehensive income attributable to the Company $ 122,420 $ 96,709 $ 105,353 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 64 Albany International Corp. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS At December 31, (in thousands, except share data) 2023 2022 Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable, net Contract assets, net Inventories Income taxes prepaid and receivable Prepaid expenses and other current assets Total current assets Property, plant and equipment, net Intangibles, net Goodwill Deferred income taxes Noncurrent receivables, net Other assets Total assets Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Current maturities of long-term debt Income taxes payable Total current liabilities Long-term debt Other noncurrent liabilities Deferred taxes and other liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and Contingencies (Note 21) Shareholders’ Equity: Preferred stock, par value $5.00 per share; authorized 2,000,000 shares; none issued $ 173,420 $ 287,781 182,281 169,567 11,043 53,872 877,964 601,989 44,646 180,181 22,941 4,392 102,901 291,776 200,018 148,695 139,050 7,938 50,962 838,439 445,658 33,811 178,217 15,196 27,913 103,021 $ 1,835,014 $ 1,642,255 $ 87,104 $ 142,988 4,218 14,369 248,679 452,667 139,385 26,963 867,694 69,707 126,385 — 15,224 211,316 439,000 108,758 15,638 774,712 — — 41 448,218 1,010,942 41 441,540 931,318 Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share; authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued 40,856,910 in 2023 and 40,785,434 in 2022 Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated items of other comprehensive income: Translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Derivative valuation adjustment Treasury stock (Class A), at cost; 9,661,845 shares in 2023 and 9,674,542 in 2022 Total Company shareholders’ equity Noncontrolling interest Total shareholders' equity Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity (124,901) (17,346) 9,079 (146,851) (15,783) 17,707 (364,665) 961,368 5,952 967,320 (364,923) 863,049 4,494 867,543 $ 1,835,014 $ 1,642,255 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 65 Albany International Corp. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS For the years ended December 31, (in thousands) OPERATING ACTIVITIES Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation Amortization Change in deferred taxes and other liabilities Impairment of property, plant, equipment, and inventory Non-cash interest expense Non-cash portion of pension settlement expense Compensation and benefits paid or payable in Class A Common Stock Provision/(recovery) for credit losses from uncollected receivables and contract assets Foreign currency remeasurement (gain)/loss on intercompany loans Fair value adjustment on foreign currency options Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provided/(used) cash, net of impact of business acquisition: Accounts receivable Contract assets Inventories Prepaid expenses and other current assets Income taxes prepaid and receivable Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Income taxes payable Noncurrent receivables Other noncurrent liabilities Other, net Net cash provided by operating activities INVESTING ACTIVITIES Purchase of business, net of cash acquired Purchases of property, plant and equipment Purchased software Net cash used in investing activities FINANCING ACTIVITIES Proceeds from borrowings Principal payments on debt Principal payments on finance lease liabilities Debt acquisition costs Purchase of Treasury shares Taxes paid in lieu of share issuance Proceeds from options exercised Dividends paid Net cash used in financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 2023 2022 2021 $ 111,610 $ 96,508 $ 118,768 70,374 6,359 (2,046) 1,773 1,404 — 6,936 640 (2,831) (139) (11,038) (32,156) 15,093 1,530 (2,897) (5,672) (10,441) (1,988) 3,723 (9,783) 7,605 148,056 (133,470) (83,560) (869) (217,899) 78,040 (92,274) — (4,108) — (3,136) — (31,163) (52,641) 4,128 (118,356) 291,776 62,480 6,569 (8,496) 1,808 1,118 42,657 4,527 1,408 (4,434) (509) (14,301) (36,434) (24,541) (4,134) (6,005) 8,572 3,226 183 3,911 (10,133) 4,234 128,214 — (93,675) (2,673) (96,348) 162,000 (73,000) (654) — (84,780) (770) 17 (26,465) (23,652) (18,474) (10,260) 302,036 65,130 9,125 12,181 856 875 — 3,146 (1,299) (3,150) 169 (7,734) 25,446 (9,942) (998) 3,944 9,492 (774) (477) 4,355 (13,713) 2,075 217,475 — (52,793) (906) (53,699) 8,000 (56,009) (1,438) — (23,449) (998) 153 (25,894) (99,635) (3,421) 60,720 241,316 $ 173,420 $ 291,776 $ 302,036 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 66 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies Basis of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Albany International Corp. and its subsidiaries (the Company, Albany, we, us, or our) after elimination of intercompany transactions. On August 31, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Heimbach GmbH ("Heimbach"), a privately-held manufacturer of paper machine clothing and technical textiles, as further described in Note 24, Business Combination, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The financial results of the acquired company are included in the Machine Clothing reportable segment since the date of the acquisition. The Company owns 90 percent of the common equity of Albany Safran Composites, LLC ("ASC") which is reported within the AEC segment. The Company also owns 85 percent of Arcari, SRL ("Arcari"), a manufacturer of textile and plastic industrial technical products and conveyor belts, which is a subsidiary of Heimbach GmbH, the paper machine clothing manufacturer recently acquired by the Company and reported within the MC segment. Additional information regarding noncontrolling interest is included in Note 10, Noncontrolling Interest, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. A subsidiary within our Machine Clothing segment has held a 50 percent interest as partner in a joint venture (“JV”) that supplies paper machine clothing products to local papermakers in Russia. Our consolidated financial statements included our original investment in the entity, plus our share of undistributed earnings or losses, in the account “Other Assets.” In March 2022, we ceased doing business in Russia, including providing notice to our JV partner of our intent to exit the venture, resulting in the full write-off of the net book value of our investment. Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are used in the accounting for, among others, revenue recognition, contract profitability, allowances for doubtful accounts, rebates and sales allowances, inventory allowances, financial instruments, including derivatives, pension and other postretirement benefits, goodwill and intangible assets, contingencies, income taxes, and other accruals. Our estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results reported in future periods may differ from those estimates. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically, and the effects of any revisions are reflected in the consolidated financial statements in the period they are determined to be necessary. Revenue Recognition In our MC business segment, we recognize revenue at the point in time when we satisfy our performance obligations related to the manufacture and delivery of products. In our AEC business segment, revenue from most long-term contracts is generally recognized over time using an input method as the measure of progress. The classification of revenue in excess of progress billings on long-term contracts is included in Contract assets, net, which are rights to consideration that are conditional on something other than the passage of time, such as completion of remaining performance obligations. We are required to limit our estimate of contract values to the period of the legally enforceable contract. While certain contracts are expected to be profitable over the course of the program life when including expected renewals, our estimate of contract revenues and costs is limited to the estimated value of enforceable rights and obligations, excluding anticipated renewals. This contract period may result in a loss contract provision at contract inception. Expected losses on projects include losses on contract options that are probable of exercise, excluding profitable 67 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies — (continued) options that often follow. For contracts with anticipated losses, a provision for the entire amount of the estimated remaining loss is charged against income in the period in which the loss becomes known. Contract losses are determined considering all direct and indirect contract costs, exclusive of any selling, general or administrative cost allocations, which are treated as period expenses. Products and services provided under long-term contracts represent a significant portion of Net revenues in the AEC segment. We have a contract with a major customer for which revenue is recognized under a cost-plus-fee agreement. We also have fixed price long-term contracts, for which we use the percentage of completion (incurred cost to total estimated cost) method. That method requires significant judgment and estimation, which could be considerably different if the underlying circumstances were to change. When adjustments in estimated contract revenues or costs are required, any changes from prior estimates are included in earnings in the period the change occurs. The sum of net adjustments to the estimated profitability of long-term contracts decreased AEC Operating income by $4.1 million in 2023, and increased AEC Operating income by $0.5 million and $6.2 million in 2022 and 2021, respectively. The unfavorable effects in 2023 related to additional reserves taken on certain contracts and inflationary factors decreasing anticipated margins. The favorable effects in 2022 and 2021 were largely due to changes in customer demand and to a lesser extent, efficiency improvements during the ramp-up of several programs. Additional accounting policies related to revenue from contracts with customers are set forth in Note 2, Revenue Recognition, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We limit the concentration of credit risk in receivables by closely monitoring credit and collection policies. We record allowances for sales returns as a deduction in the computation of Net revenues. Such provisions are recorded on the basis of written communication with customers and/or historical experience. Any value added taxes that are imposed on sales transactions are excluded from Net revenues. Cost of Goods Sold Cost of goods sold includes the cost of materials, provisions for obsolete inventories, labor and supplies, shipping and handling costs, depreciation of manufacturing facilities and equipment, purchasing, receiving, warehousing, and other expenses. Cost of goods sold also includes provisions for loss contracts and charges for the write-off of inventories that result from an exit activity. Selling, General, and Administrative (SG&A) Expenses Selling, general, and administrative expenses are primarily comprised of wages, incentive compensation, benefits, travel, professional fees, revaluation of trade foreign currency balances, information system costs, and other costs, and are expensed as incurred. Selling expense includes costs related to contract acquisition and provisions for expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost. General and administrative expenses include corporate expenses of $73.1 million in 2023, $56.8 million in 2022 and $53.7 million in 2021. Corporate expenses include global information system costs of $27.3 million in 2023, $22.7 million in 2022 and $21.2 million in 2021. Technical and Research Expenses Technical and research expenses are charged to operations as incurred and consist primarily of compensation, supplies, and professional fees incurred in connection with intellectual property. Total company technical and research expense was $40.6 million in 2023, $39.9 million in 2022, and $38.9 million in 2021. The AEC segment participates in both company-sponsored, and customer-funded research and development. Some customer-funded research and development may be on a cost-sharing basis and considered to be a collaborative arrangement, in which case both parties are active participants and are exposed to the risks and rewards dependent on the success of the activity. In such cases, amounts charged to the collaborating entity are credited against research and development expense. For customer-funded research and development in which we anticipate funding to exceed expenses, we include amounts charged to the customer in Net revenues, while expenses are included in Cost of goods sold. 68 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies — (continued) Restructuring Expense We may incur expenses related to exiting a line of business or restructuring of our operations or organizational structure, which could include employee termination costs, costs to consolidate or close facilities, or costs to terminate contractual relationships. Restructuring expenses may also include impairment of Property, plant and equipment, as described below under “Property, Plant and Equipment”. Employee termination costs include severance pay and social costs for periods after employee service is completed. Termination costs related to an ongoing benefit arrangement are recognized when the amount becomes probable and estimable. Termination costs related to a one- time benefit arrangement are recognized at the communication date to employees. Costs related to contract termination, relocation of employees, outplacement and the consolidation or the closure of facilities, are recognized when incurred. Income Taxes Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences and tax attributes by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable for future years to differences between existing assets and liabilities for financial reporting and income tax return purposes. The effect of tax rate changes on deferred taxes is recognized in the income tax provision in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established, as needed, to reduce net deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. In the event it becomes more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax asset valuation allowances will not be needed, the valuation allowance will be adjusted. In the ordinary course of business there is inherent uncertainty in quantifying our income tax positions. We assess our income tax positions and record tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon management’s evaluation of the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. For those tax positions where it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will be sustained, we have determined the amount of the tax benefit to be recognized by estimating the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those income tax positions where it is not more-likely-than-not that a tax benefit will be sustained, no tax benefit has been recognized in the financial statements. Where applicable, associated interest and penalties have also been recognized. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. We have not elected to reclassify stranded tax effects from Accumulated items of other comprehensive income (AOCI) to retained earnings. Earnings Per Share Basic net income or loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding during each year. Diluted net income per share includes the effect of all potentially dilutive securities. If we report a net loss from continuing operations, the diluted loss per share is equal to the basic earnings per share calculation. Translation of Financial Statements Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. operations are translated at year-end rates of exchange, and the income statement accounts are translated at average monthly exchange rates. Gains or losses resulting from translating non- U.S. currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are recorded in other comprehensive income and accumulated in Shareholders’ equity in the caption “Translation adjustments”. Selling, general, and administrative expenses include foreign currency gains and losses resulting from third party balances, such as receivables and payables, which are denominated in a currency other than the entity’s functional currency. Gains or losses resulting from cash and short-term intercompany loans and balances denominated in a currency other than the entity’s functional currency, and foreign currency options are generally included in Other expense, net. Gains and losses on long-term intercompany loans not intended to be repaid in the foreseeable future are recorded in other comprehensive income. 69 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies — (continued) The following table summarizes foreign currency transaction gains and losses recognized in the income statement: (in thousands) (Gains)/losses included in: Selling, general, and administrative expenses Other (income)/expense, net Total transaction (gains)/losses Years ended December 31, 2022 2021 2023 $ $ 4,181 $ (2,916) (554) $ (9,996) 1,265 $ (10,550) $ (263) (1,179) (1,442) The following table presents foreign currency gains on long-term intercompany loans that were recognized in Other comprehensive income: (in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 Loss/(gain), before tax, on long-term intercompany loan $ — $ — $ (66) Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable includes trade receivables and bank promissory notes. In connection with certain sales in Asia Pacific, the Company accepts a bank promissory note as customer payment. The notes may be presented for payment at maturity, which is less than one year. In accordance with ASC 326, Current Expected Credit Losses ("CECL"), the Company recognizes an allowance for expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, such as Accounts receivable, Contract assets and Noncurrent receivables. The allowance is determined using a CECL model that is based on an historical average three-year loss rate and is measured by financial asset type on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist, at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. The estimate reflects the risk of loss due to credit default, even when the risk is remote, and considers available relevant information about the collectability of cash flows, including information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable expected future economic conditions. The Company also has Noncurrent receivables in the AEC segment that represent revenue earned which have extended payment terms. See additional information set forth in Note 11, Accounts Receivable, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities Contract assets includes unbilled amounts typically resulting from sales under contracts when the cost-to-cost method of revenue recognition is utilized, and revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer. Contract assets are transferred to Accounts receivable, net, when the entitlement to payment becomes unconditional. Contract liabilities include advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized. Contract liabilities are included in Accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. See additional information set forth in Note 12, Contract Assets and Liabilities, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 70 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies — (continued) Inventories Costs included in inventories are raw materials, labor, supplies and allocable depreciation and overhead. Raw materials inventory is valued on an average cost basis. Other inventory cost elements are valued at cost, using the first-in, first-out method. The Company writes down the inventories for estimated obsolescence, and to lower of cost or net realizable value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. Write-downs of inventories are charged to Cost of goods sold. If actual demand or market conditions are less favorable than those projected by the Company, additional inventory write-downs may be required. Once established, the original cost of the inventory less the related write-down represents the new cost basis of such inventories. See additional information set forth in Note 2, Revenue Recognition, and Note 13, Inventories, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Leases We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. A contract is, or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, we assess whether: • The contract involves the use of an identified asset. This may be specified explicitly or implicitly, and should be physically distinct or represent substantially all of the capacity of a physically distinct asset, • The lessee has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset throughout the period of use, and • The lessee has the right to direct the use of the asset, which is demonstrated when the lessee has decision- making rights that are most relevant to changing how and for what purpose the asset is used. Judgment is required in the determination of whether a contract contains a lease, the appropriate classification, allocation of consideration, and the determination of the discount rate for the lease. Key estimates and judgments include how the Company determines (1) the discount rate it uses to discount the unpaid lease payments to present value, (2) lease term and (3) lease payments. We have certain lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. For most of these leases, we account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component, in accordance with the practical expedient that is available for ongoing accounting. Additionally, for certain other leases, such as for vehicles, we apply a portfolio approach. Such new leases are classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. Expenses related to operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis, while those determined to be finance leases are recognized following a front-loaded expense profile, in which interest and amortization are presented separately in the income statement. Operating lease right of use asset ("ROU") assets are included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, while finance lease ROU assets are included in Property, plant, and equipment, net. Lease liabilities for both operating and finance leases are included in Accrued liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. See additional information set forth in Note 20, Leases, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Debt The Company relies on bank financing as an important source of liquidity for business activities. Outstanding debt is classified as current or long-term based on the maturity of the of the Company's financing arrangements. See additional information set forth in Note 17, Financial Instruments, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 71 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies — (continued) Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost, or if acquired as part of a business combination, at fair value. Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets for financial reporting purposes. In some cases, accelerated methods are used for income tax purposes. Significant additions or improvements extending assets’ useful lives are capitalized; normal maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred. The cost of fully depreciated assets remaining in use is included in the respective asset and accumulated depreciation accounts. When items are sold or retired, related gains or losses are included in Net income. Computer software purchased for internal use, at cost, is amortized on a straight-line basis over five to eight years, depending on the nature of the asset, after being placed into service, and is included in Property, plant, and equipment. We capitalize internal and external costs incurred related to the software development stage. Capitalized salaries, travel, and consulting costs related to the software development were not material in 2023 and 2022. We review the carrying value of property, plant and equipment and other long-lived assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable from the estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. See additional information set forth in Note 14, Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Business Combinations The total purchase consideration for an acquisition is measured at the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and noncontrolling interests in an acquisition are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. We recognize goodwill if the fair value of the total purchase consideration and any noncontrolling interest is in excess of the net fair value of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. We include the results of operations of the acquired business in the consolidated financial statements beginning on the acquisition date. Goodwill, Intangibles, and Other Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in each business combination. Intangible assets from acquired businesses are recognized at fair value on the acquisition date and consist of customer relationships, customer contracts, technology, intellectual property and other intangible assets. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment at least annually. We perform an impairment test of our goodwill at least annually in the second quarter or more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of goodwill may be impaired. Such events or changes in circumstances may include a significant deterioration in overall economic conditions, changes in the business climate of our industry, a decline in our market capitalization, operating performance indicators, competition, reorganizations of our business, or the disposal of all or a portion of a reporting unit. Our goodwill has been allocated to and is tested for impairment at a level referred to as the reporting unit, which is our business segment level or a level below the business segment. The level at which we test goodwill for impairment requires us to determine whether the operations below the business segment constitute a self-sustaining business for which discrete financial information is available and segment management regularly reviews the operating results. We may use qualitative or quantitative approaches when testing goodwill for impairment. When we use the qualitative approach, we perform a qualitative evaluation of events and circumstances impacting the reporting unit to determine the likelihood of goodwill impairment. Based on that qualitative evaluation, if we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, no further evaluation is necessary. 72 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies — (continued) Otherwise, we perform a quantitative impairment test. To perform the quantitative impairment test, we compare the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill of the reporting unit is not impaired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value, a goodwill impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including revenue growth rates, operating margins, discount rates, and future market conditions, among others. To determine fair value, we utilize two market-based approaches and an income approach. Under the market-based approaches, we utilize information regarding the Company, as well as publicly available industry information, to determine earnings multiples. Under the income approach, we determine fair value based on estimated future cash flows of each reporting unit, discounted by an estimated weighted-average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk of a reporting unit and the rate of return an outside investor would expect to earn. In the second quarter of 2023, management applied the qualitative assessment approach in performing its annual evaluation of goodwill for the Company's MC reporting unit and two AEC reporting units and concluded that each reporting unit’s fair value continued to exceed its carrying value by a significant margin. In addition, there were no amounts at risk due to the estimated excess between the fair and carrying values. Accordingly, no impairment charges were recorded. Impairment assessments inherently involve management judgments regarding a number of assumptions such as those described above. Due to the many variables inherent in the estimation of a reporting unit’s fair value and the relative size of our recorded goodwill, differences in assumptions could have a material effect on the estimated fair value of one or more of our reporting units and could result in a goodwill impairment charge in a future period. See additional information set forth in Note 15, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. For some AEC contracts, we perform pre-production or nonrecurring engineering services. These costs are normally considered a fulfillment activity, rather than a performance obligation. Fulfillment activities that create resources that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in the future, and are expected to be recovered, are capitalized to Other assets, which is classified as a noncurrent asset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The capitalized costs are amortized into Cost of goods sold over the period over which the asset is expected to contribute to future cash flows, which includes anticipated renewal periods. Included in Other assets is $19.3 million in 2023 and $16.2 million in 2022 for defined benefit pension plans where plan assets exceed the projected benefit obligations. Other assets also include financial assets of $0.7 million in 2023 and $0.6 million in 2022. See additional information set forth in Note 18, Fair-Value Measurements, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Stock-Based Compensation We have incentive compensation plans that authorize the issuance of stock-based awards for key employees, which are designed to reward short and long-term contributions and provide incentives for recipients to remain with the Company. We issue stock-based awards in the form of restricted stock units and performance stock units that generally vest between one and five years from the grant date and can be settled in cash or shares. Expenses associated with these awards are recognized over each respective vesting period. Liability based awards are settled in cash, while equity-based awards are settled in stock. See additional information for stock-based compensation plans in Note 22, Stock-Based Compensation, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Derivatives From time to time, we use derivatives to mitigate potentially large adverse effects from changes in currency exchange rates and interest rates. We monitor our exposure to these risks and evaluate, on an ongoing basis, the risk of potentially large adverse effects versus the costs associated with hedging such risks. We may use interest rate swaps in the management of interest rate exposures and foreign currency derivatives to manage foreign currency exposure related to assets and liabilities (including net investments in subsidiaries located 73 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies — (continued) outside the U.S.) denominated in foreign currencies. When we enter into a derivative contract, we make a determination whether the transaction is deemed to be a hedge for accounting purposes. For those contracts deemed to be a hedge, we formally document the relationship between the derivative instrument and the risk being hedged. In this documentation, we specifically identify the asset, liability, forecasted transaction, cash flow, or net investment that has been designated as the hedged item, and evaluate whether the derivative instrument is expected to reduce the risks associated with the hedged item. To the extent these criteria are not met, we do not use hedge accounting for the derivative. All derivative contracts are recorded at fair value, as a net asset or a net liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The changes in fair values of derivative contracts are recorded each period in earnings or accumulated other comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is effective as part of the hedged transaction. Gains and losses on derivative contracts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income are subsequently included in earnings in the periods in which earnings are affected by the hedged item. For transactions that are designated as an effective hedge, we perform an evaluation of the effectiveness of the hedge on the date of inception and on an ongoing basis. The related gains and losses of derivative instruments, including those designated in hedge accounting relationships, are included as operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For derivatives that are designated and qualify as hedges of net investments in subsidiaries located outside the U.S., changes in the fair value of derivatives are reported in other comprehensive income as part of Translation adjustments. The Company does not engage in derivative instruments for speculative or trading purposes. See Note 17, Financial Instruments, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans As described in Note 4, Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, we have pension and postretirement benefit plans covering substantially all employees. The pension plans are generally trusteed or insured, and accrued amounts are funded as required in accordance with governing laws and regulations. The annual expense and liabilities recognized for defined benefit pension plans and postretirement benefit plans are developed from actuarial valuations. Inherent in these valuations are key assumptions, including discount rates and expected return on plan assets, which are updated on an annual basis. We consider current market conditions, including changes in interest rates, in determining these assumptions. Discount rate assumptions are based on the population of plan participants and a mixture of high-quality fixed-income investments with durations that match expected future payments. The assumption for expected return on plan assets is based on historical and expected returns on various categories of plan assets. Government Grants The Company recognizes government grants only when there is reasonable assurance that we will comply with the conditions attached to them and the grants will be received. Government grants are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income on a systematic basis over the periods in which we recognize as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate. A government grant that becomes receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support with no future related costs is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income of the period in which it becomes receivable. During the third quarter of 2021, the Company was awarded an Aviation Manufacturing Jobs Protection Program ("AMJP") grant of $5.8 million, under the American Rescue Plan of the U.S. Department of Transportation. The AMJP grant is an income related grant, the purpose of which is to provide payroll assistance to eligible U.S. aircraft manufacturing/repair businesses who were impacted due to the COVID-19 pandemic downturn during 2020. In order to receive the grant, AEC was required to make several commitments, including a commitment that the Company would not involuntarily furlough or lay-off employees within this segment during the period the grant was intended to cover. All conditions were met and the Company recognized $5.8 million in its Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company received $2.9 million in cash during 2021 and the remainder 74 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Accounting Policies — (continued) during 2022 and reflected cash received as an operating activity within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows over the periods cash was received. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”), which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The guidance is to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Upon transition, the segment expense categories and amounts disclosed in the prior periods should be based on the significant segment expense categories identified and disclosed in the period of adoption. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this new guidance on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”), which modifies the rules on income tax disclosures to require entities to disclose (1) specific categories in the rate reconciliation, (2) the income or loss from continuing operations before income tax expense or benefit (separated between domestic and foreign) and (3) income tax expense or benefit from continuing operations (separated by federal, state and foreign). ASU 2023-09 also requires entities to disclose their income tax payments to international, federal, state and local jurisdictions, among other changes. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. ASU 2023-09 should be applied on a prospective basis, but retrospective application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this new guidance on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. 2. Revenue Recognition We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in the contract with the customer, and excludes any amounts collected on behalf of third parties. We recognize revenue when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service, or a series of distinct goods or services, to the customer which occurs either at a point in time, or over time, depending on the performance obligation in the contract. A performance obligation is a promise in the contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account. “Control” refers to the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the product. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each material distinct performance obligation and is recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. In our MC segment, our primary performance obligation in most contracts is to provide solution-based, custom- designed fabrics and belts to the customer. We satisfy this performance obligation upon transferring control of the product to the customer at a specific point in time. Contracts with customers in the MC segment have various terms that can affect the point in time when revenue is recognized. Generally, the customer obtains control when the product has been received at the location specified by the customer, at which time the only remaining obligations under the contract may be fulfillment costs, in the form of shipping and handling, which are accrued when control of the product is transferred. In the MC segment, contracts with certain customers may also obligate us to provide various product-related services at no additional cost to the customer. When this obligation is material in the context of the contract with the customer, we recognize a separate performance obligation and allocate revenue to those services on a relative estimated standalone selling price basis. The standalone selling price for these services is determined based upon an analysis of the services offered and an assessment of the price we might charge for such services as a separate offering. As we typically provide such services on a stand-ready basis, we recognize this revenue over time. Revenue allocated to such service performance obligations is the only MC revenue that is recognized over time. 75 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 2. Revenue Recognition — (continued) In our AEC segment, we primarily enter into contracts to manufacture and deliver highly engineered advanced composite products to our customers. A significant portion of AEC revenue is earned under short duration, firm-fixed- price orders that are placed under a master agreement containing general terms and conditions applicable to all orders placed under the master agreement. We assess each contract at its inception to determine whether it should be combined with other contracts. When making this determination we consider factors such as whether two or more contracts were negotiated and executed at or near the same time or were negotiated with an overall profit objective. If combined, we treat the combined contracts as a single contract for revenue recognition purposes. We evaluate the products or services promised in each contract at inception to determine whether the contract should be accounted for as having one or more performance obligations. For most AEC contracts, the nature of our promise (or our performance obligation) to the customer is to provide a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks and components into a single project or capability, which will often result in the delivery of multiple highly interdependent and interrelated units. At the inception of a contract, we determine the transaction price based on the consideration we expect to receive for the products or services being provided under the contract. For contracts where a portion of the price may vary, we estimate variable consideration at the most likely amount, which is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. We analyze the risk of a significant revenue reversal and if necessary constrain the amount of variable consideration recognized in order to mitigate this risk. We estimate the transaction price based on our current rights, and do not contemplate future modifications (including unexercised options) or follow-on contracts until they become legally enforceable. Many AEC contracts are subsequently modified to include changes in specifications, requirements or price, which may create new or change existing enforceable rights and obligations. Depending on the nature of the modification, we consider whether to account for the modification as an adjustment to the existing contract or as a separate contract. Generally, we are able to conclude that such modifications are not distinct from the existing contract, due to the significant integration of the obligations, and the interrelated nature of tasks, provided for in the modification and the existing contract. Therefore, such modifications are accounted for as if they were part of the existing contract, and we accumulate the values of such modifications in our estimates of contract value. Revenue is recognized over time for substantially all of our contracts in AEC as most of our contracts have provisions that are deemed to transfer control to the customer over time. Revenue is recognized based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress toward completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided. We generally use the cost-to-cost measure of progress for our contracts because it best depicts the transfer of assets to the customer which occurs as we incur costs to produce the contract deliverables. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress toward completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenue, including profit, is recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. Accounting for long-term contracts requires significant judgment and estimation, which could be considerably different if the underlying circumstances were to change. When any adjustments of estimated contract revenue or costs are required, any changes from prior estimates are included in revenues or earnings in the period in which the change occurs. In other AEC contracts, revenue is recognized at a point in time because the products are offered to multiple customers, or we do not have an enforceable right to payment until the product is shipped or delivered to the location specified by the customer in the contract. AEC’s largest source of revenue is derived from the LEAP contract (see Note 10, Noncontrolling Interest, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements) under a cost-plus-fee agreement. The fee may vary within a narrow range based on our success in achieving certain cost targets. Revenue is recognized over time as costs are incurred. Under this contract, there is judgment involved in determining applicable contract costs and expected margin, and therefore, in determining the amount of revenue to be recognized. Payment terms granted to MC and AEC customers reflect general competitive practices. Terms vary with product, competitive conditions, and the country of operation. 76 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 2. Revenue Recognition — (continued) The following table provides a summary of the composition of each business segment: Segment Reporting Unit Machine Clothing (MC) Machine Clothing Principal Product or Service Paper machine clothing: Permeable and impermeable belts used in the manufacture of paper, paperboard, tissue and towel, and pulp Engineered fabrics: Belts used in the manufacture of nonwovens, fiber cement and several other industrial applications Principal Locations World-wide Albany Engineered Composites (AEC) Albany Safran Composites (ASC) Airframe and engine Components (Other AEC) 3D-woven, injected composite components for aircraft engines Composite airframe and engine components for military and commercial aircraft Rochester, NH Commercy, France Queretaro, Mexico Salt Lake City, UT Boerne, TX Queretaro, Mexico Kaiserslautern, Germany We disaggregate revenue earned from contracts with customers for each of our business segments and product groups based on the timing of revenue recognition, and groupings used for internal review purposes. The following table presents disaggregated revenue for each product group by timing of revenue recognition: (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites ASC Other AEC Total Albany Engineered Composites For the year ended December 31, 2023 Point in Time Revenue Recognition Over Time Revenue Recognition Total $ 666,990 $ 3,778 $ 670,768 — 20,546 20,546 184,184 272,411 456,595 184,184 292,957 477,141 Total net revenues $ 687,536 $ 460,373 $ 1,147,909 (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites ASC Other AEC Total Albany Engineered Composites For the year ended December 31, 2022 Point in Time Revenue Recognition Over Time Revenue Recognition Total $ 605,863 $ 3,598 $ 609,461 — 19,167 19,167 165,775 240,484 406,259 165,775 259,651 425,426 Total net revenues $ 625,030 $ 409,857 $ 1,034,887 77 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 2. Revenue Recognition — (continued) (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites ASC Other AEC Total Albany Engineered Composites For the year ended December 31, 2021 Point in Time Revenue Recognition Over Time Revenue Recognition Total $ 615,556 $ 3,459 $ 619,015 — 15,972 15,972 109,803 184,450 294,253 109,803 200,422 310,225 929,240 Total net revenues $ 631,528 $ 297,712 $ The following table disaggregates MC segment revenue by significant product groupings (paper machine clothing (PMC) and engineered fabrics), and, for PMC, the geographical region to which the paper machine clothing was sold: (in thousands) Americas PMC Eurasia PMC Engineered Fabrics Total Machine Clothing net revenues Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 $ 349,544 $ 321,170 $ 317,907 250,048 71,176 207,115 81,176 219,506 81,602 $ 670,768 $ 609,461 $ 619,015 We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less. Contracts in the MC segment are generally for periods of less than a year. Most contracts in the AEC segment are short duration firm-fixed-price orders representing performance obligations with an original maturity of less than one year. Remaining performance obligations on contracts that had an original duration of greater than one year totaled $1.2 billion as of December 31, 2023, $553 million as of December 31, 2022, and $278 million as of December 31, 2021, and related primarily to firm contracts in the AEC segment. Of the remaining performance obligations as of December 31, 2023 we expect to recognize as revenue approximately $179 million during 2024, $178 million during 2025, $156 million during 2026, and the remainder thereafter. 3. Reportable Segments and Geographic Data The Company is organized based on the nature of its products and is composed of two reportable segments each overseen by a Segment President. These segments are reflective of how the Company's Chief Executive Officer, who is its Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), reviews operating results for the purpose of allocating resources and assessing performance. The Company has not aggregated operating segments for purposes of identifying reportable segments. As of December 31, 2023, the operating segments were Machine Clothing (“MC”), and Albany Engineered Composites ("AEC”). The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 1, Accounting Policies, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Corporate expenses include wages and benefits for corporate headquarters personnel, costs related to information systems development and support, and professional fees related to legal, audit, and other activities. These costs are not allocated to the reportable segments because the decision- making for these functions lies outside of the segments. 78 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3. Reportable Segments and Geographic Data — (continued) Machine Clothing: The MC segment supplies permeable and impermeable belts used in the manufacture of paper, paperboard, tissue and towel, pulp, nonwovens, fiber cement and several other industrial applications. We sell our MC products directly to customer end-users in countries across the globe. Our products, manufacturing processes, and distribution channels for MC are substantially the same in each region of the world in which we operate. We design, manufacture, and market paper machine clothing (used in the manufacturing of paper, paperboard, tissue and towel) for each section of the paper machine and for every grade of paper. Paper machine clothing products are customized, consumable products of technologically sophisticated design that utilize polymeric materials in a complex structure. Albany Engineered Composites: The AEC segment provides highly engineered, advanced composite structures to customers in the commercial and defense aerospace industries. The segment includes Albany Safran Composites, LLC (“ASC”), in which our customer, SAFRAN Group ("Safran"), owns a 10 percent noncontrolling interest, AEC, through ASC, is the exclusive supplier to the LEAP program of advanced composite fan blades and fan cases under a long-term supply contract. The LEAP engine is used on the Airbus A320neo, Boeing 737 MAX, and COMAC 919 aircrafts. AEC’s largest aerospace customer is SAFRAN and sales to SAFRAN (consisting primarily of fan blades and cases for CFM’s LEAP engine) accounted for approximately 16 percent of the Company’s consolidated Net revenues in 2023. In 2023, SAFRAN leased manufacturing space from AEC for the GE9X program. Rent paid by SAFRAN under this lease amounted to $1.0 million in 2023 and $0.9 million in 2022. AEC sales to SAFRAN were $187.6 million in 2023, $169.3 million in 2022, and $111.6 million in 2021. The total of Accounts receivable, Contract assets and Noncurrent receivable due from SAFRAN amounted to $93.8 million and $80.8 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Other significant programs by AEC include the Sikorsky CH-53K, F-35, JASSM, and Boeing 787 programs. AEC also supplies vacuum waste tanks for Boeing commercial programs, and specialty components for the Rolls Royce lift fan on the F-35. In 2023, approximately 39 percent of AEC net revenues were related to U.S. government contracts or programs. 79 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3. Reportable Segments and Geographic Data — (continued) The following tables show data by reportable segment, reconciled to consolidated totals included in the financial statements: (in thousands) Net revenues Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Consolidated total Depreciation and amortization Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate Consolidated total Operating income/(loss) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate Operating income Reconciling items: Interest income Interest expense Pension settlement expense AMJP grant Other (income)/expense, net Income before income taxes Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 $ 670,768 $ 477,141 609,461 $ 425,426 619,015 310,225 $ 1,147,909 $ 1,034,887 $ 929,240 23,891 49,030 3,812 19,483 46,202 3,364 $ 76,733 $ 69,049 $ 199,378 41,587 206,214 31,579 (73,071) 167,894 $ (56,771) 181,022 $ $ (6,566) (3,835) 20,167 — — 17,835 49,128 — (6,163) (14,086) 20,191 50,402 3,662 74,255 215,654 16,160 (53,803) 178,011 (2,500) 17,391 — (5,832) 3,021 $ 160,456 $ 131,980 $ 165,931 Results for the year ended December 31, 2023 include the newly acquired Heimbach for the period of ownership, which began September 1, 2023. Heimbach contributed Net revenues of $51.2 million and reduced Operating income by $6.3 million, which included depreciation expense on Property, plant, and equipment, net of $4.0 million, and amortization expense on Intangibles, net of $0.3 million. In the third quarter of 2022, we took actions to settle certain pension plan liabilities in the U.S., leading to charges totaling $49.1 million, which were included as Corporate expenses and other. This led to a reduction of unfunded pension liabilities of $6.2 million. A subsidiary within our MC segment has been a partner in a JV that supplies paper machine clothing products to local papermakers in Russia. In March 2022, we decided to cease doing business in Russia, including giving notice to our JV partner of our intent to exit the venture. As a result, in 2022, we recognized $1.5 million expense in the consolidated statement of operations, representing reserves against the risk of uncollectible customer receivables and obsolescence of certain inventory destined for Russian customers. We also wrote down the net book value of our investment in the aforementioned JV to reflect our intent to exit such venture, resulting in $0.8 million impairment loss during the first quarter of 2022. 80 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3. Reportable Segments and Geographic Data — (continued) The table below presents restructuring costs by reportable segment (also see Note 5, Restructuring, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements): (in thousands) Restructuring expenses, net Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate expenses Total restructuring expenses, net Years ended December 31, 2022 2021 2023 $ $ 282 $ — — 282 $ 92 $ — 14 106 $ 1,202 32 97 1,331 In the measurement of assets utilized by each reportable segment, we include Inventories, Accounts receivable, net, Contract assets, net, Noncurrent receivables, net, Property, plant and equipment, net, Intangibles, net and Goodwill. The following table presents assets and capital expenditures by reportable segment: (in thousands) Segment assets Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Reconciling items: Cash Income taxes prepaid, receivable and deferred Prepaid and Other assets Total assets Capital expenditures and purchased software Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate expenses As of December 31, 2022 2021 2023 $ 669,907 $ 455,390 $ 459,182 800,931 717,972 652,702 173,420 33,984 156,772 291,776 23,134 153,983 302,036 28,334 113,810 $ 1,835,014 $ 1,642,255 $ 1,556,064 $ 25,258 $ 20,093 $ 56,786 2,385 73,614 2,641 20,177 31,012 2,510 Total capital expenditures and purchased software $ 84,429 $ 96,348 $ 53,699 In 2022, the Company extended the lease of its primary manufacturing facility in Salt Lake City, Utah, which resulted in a lease classification change from Finance to Operating and included a non-cash increase of $37.1 million to both Other assets and to Other noncurrent liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Due to the non-cash nature of the transaction, those increases are excluded from amounts reported in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. 81 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3. Reportable Segments and Geographic Data — (continued) The following table shows data by geographic area. Net revenues are based on the location of the operation recording the final sale to the customer. Net revenues recorded by our entity in Switzerland are derived from products sold throughout Europe and Asia, and are invoiced in various currencies. (in thousands) Net revenues United States Switzerland France Brazil China Mexico Germany Other countries Total Net revenues Property, plant and equipment, net United States China Germany Mexico France United Kingdom Canada Spain Other countries Years ended December 31, 2022 2021 2023 $ 649,500 $ 115,207 586,779 $ 119,069 497,231 128,698 77,573 69,527 65,135 58,874 32,239 79,854 76,826 66,175 63,914 58,519 4,461 59,144 68,929 62,925 67,098 37,547 5,308 61,504 $ 1,147,909 $ 1,034,887 $ 929,240 $ 303,578 $ 278,500 $ 258,453 57,070 52,934 46,759 31,069 18,306 15,318 14,804 62,151 33,432 9,562 42,320 31,382 9,699 14,264 — 26,499 41,039 9,652 40,699 33,802 10,156 14,139 — 28,477 Total Property, plant and equipment, net $ 601,989 $ 445,658 $ 436,417 4. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans Voluntary Savings Plan The Company maintains a voluntary savings plan covering substantially all employees in the United States. The Plan, known as the Prosperity Plus Savings Plan, is a qualified plan under section 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. The Company matches, in the form of cash, between 50 percent and 100 percent of employee contributions up to a defined maximum. The investment of employee contributions to the plan is self-directed. The Company’s cost of the plan amounted to $7.3 million in 2023, $6.6 million in 2022, and $6.2 million in 2021. The plan allows for discretionary matching contributions. The Company uses such discretion to provide profit sharing contributions to eligible plan participants. Such contributions are based on Company performance and vary from year to year and contributions are generally made in the first quarter following the Company’s fiscal year-end. The Company’s profit-sharing plan covers substantially all employees in the United States. After the close of each year, the Board of Directors reviews and approves the amount of the profit-sharing contribution. Company contributions to the plan are in the form of cash. The expense recorded for this plan was $4.9 million in 2023, $4.6 million in 2022, and $4.8 million in 2021. 82 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans — (continued) Pension and Postretirement Plans The Company has defined benefit pension and postretirement plans covering certain U.S. and non-U.S. employees. The eligibility, benefit formulas, and contribution requirements for plans vary by location. As of December 31, 2023, U.S. benefit obligations exist through the U.S. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”), a frozen unfunded pension plan, and the U.S. postretirement welfare plan ("PRW"), which provides various medical, dental, and life insurance benefits. The U.S. Pension Plus Plan, a qualified defined benefit pension plan was terminated in 2021 and settled during 2022, leading to charges totaling $49.1 million. Outside the U.S., the Company sponsors defined benefit pension plans covering certain employees, including employees at our newly acquired Heimbach GmbH, and certain postretirement life insurance benefits to retired employees in Canada. Accounting guidance requires the recognition of the funded status of each defined benefit and other postretirement benefit plan. Each overfunded plan is recognized as an asset and each underfunded plan is recognized as a liability. Company pension plan data for U.S. and non-U.S. plans has been combined for both 2023 and 2022, except where indicated below. The Company’s pension and postretirement benefit costs and benefit obligations are based on actuarial valuations that are affected by many assumptions, the most significant of which are the assumed discount rate, expected rate of return on pension plan assets, and mortality. Each of the assumptions is reviewed and updated annually, as appropriate. The assumed rates of return for pension plan assets are determined for each major asset category based on historical rates of return for assets in that category and expectations of future rates of return based, in part, on simulated future capital market performance. The assumed discount rate is based on yields from a portfolio of currently available high-quality fixed-income investments with durations matching the expected future payments, based on the demographics of the plan participants and the plan provisions. Gains and losses arise from changes in the assumptions used to measure the benefit obligations, and experience different from what had been assumed, including asset returns different than what had been expected. The Company amortizes gains and losses in excess of a “corridor” over the average future service of the plan’s current participants. The corridor is defined as 10 percent of the greater of the plan’s projected benefit obligation or market-related value of plan assets. The market-related value of plan assets is also used to determine the expected return on plan assets component of net periodic cost. To the extent the Company’s unrecognized net losses and unrecognized prior service costs, including the amount recognized through accumulated other comprehensive income, are not reduced by future favorable plan experience, they will be recognized as a component of the net periodic cost in future years. 83 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans — (continued) The following table sets forth the plan benefit obligations: (in thousands, except percentages) Pension plans Other postretirement benefits Pension plans Other postretirement benefits Benefit obligation, beginning of year $ 83,730 $ 35,658 $ 230,790 $ 44,884 As of December 31, 2023 As of December 31, 2022 Service cost Interest cost Plan participants' contributions Actuarial (gain)/loss Benefits paid Acquisitions Settlements and curtailments Plan amendments and other Foreign currency changes Benefit obligation, end of year Accumulated benefit obligation Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations, end of year: Discount rate — U.S. plan Discount rate — non-U.S. plans Cash balance interest crediting rate - Switzerland pension plan Compensation increase — U.S. plan Compensation increase — non-U.S. plans 1,478 5,151 281 6,317 (6,388) 64,947 — (1,985) 4,792 60 1,874 — (6,131) (2,795) — — 18 1,371 4,917 132 (46,995) (7,946) — (90,568) (25) (7,946) 114 1,221 — (6,658) (3,234) — — (605) (64) $ 158,323 $ 28,684 $ 83,730 $ 35,658 $ 151,001 $ — $ 78,153 $ — 5.15 % 4.05 % 1.30 % N/A 2.89 % 5.21 % 4.70 % — N/A 2.75 % 5.49 % 5.15 % 2.15 % N/A 3.08 % 5.55 % 5.20 % — N/A 2.75 % During 2023, pension benefit obligations increased by $74.6 million, largely related to the acquisition of Heimbach GmbH, which resulted in an increase of $64.9 million, in addition to net actuarial losses, which resulted in an increase of $6.3 million. Other postretirement benefit obligations decreased by $7.0 million in 2023, primarily driven by net actuarial gains and payments made by the Company to participants of the plan. During 2022, pension benefit obligations decreased by $147 million, $91.6 million of which was related to the U.S. Pension Plus plan settlement and $47.0 million of which was driven by net actuarial gains, principally resulting from higher discount rates, in addition to employer contributions of $7.9 million. Other postretirement benefit obligations decreased by $9.2 million in 2022, primarily driven by net actuarial gains and payments made by the Company to participants of the plan. 84 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans — (continued) The following sets forth information about plan assets: (in thousands) As of December 31, 2023 As of December 31, 2022 Pension plans Other postretirement benefits Pension plans Other postretirement benefits Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year $ 74,929 $ — $ 225,327 $ Actual return on plan assets, net of expenses Employer contributions Plan participants' contributions Benefits paid Acquisitions Settlements Other Foreign currency changes 6,285 3,629 281 (6,388) 30,941 — (832) 3,843 — 2,795 — (2,795) — — — — (57,868) 15,071 132 (7,946) — (90,568) — (9,219) Fair value of plan assets, end of year $ 112,688 $ — $ 74,929 $ — — 3,234 — (3,234) — — — — — The funded status of the plans was as follows: (in thousands) Fair value of plan assets Benefit obligation Funded status Accrued benefit cost, end of year Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of the following: Noncurrent asset Current liability Noncurrent liability Net amount recognized Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income consist of: Net actuarial loss Prior service cost/(credit) Net amount recognized As of December 31, 2023 As of December 31, 2022 Pension plans Other postretirement benefits Pension plans Other postretirement benefits $ 112,688 $ — $ 74,929 $ — 158,323 28,684 83,730 35,658 $ $ (45,635) $ (28,684) $ (8,801) $ (35,658) (45,635) $ (28,684) $ (8,801) $ (35,658) $ 19,296 $ — $ 16,234 $ — (5,500) (2,808) (1,974) (3,660) (59,431) (25,876) (23,061) (31,998) $ (45,635) $ (28,684) $ (8,801) $ (35,658) $ $ 22,512 $ (132) 22,380 $ 1,991 $ (484) 1,507 $ 17,915 $ (134) 17,781 $ 8,958 (4,574) 4,384 The composition of the net pension plan funded status as of December 31, 2023 was as follows: (in thousands) Pension plans with pension assets Pension plans without pension assets Total U.S. plan Non-U.S. plans Total $ $ — $ 19,296 $ 19,296 (3,799) (61,132) (64,931) (3,799) $ (41,836) $ (45,635) The underfunded balance in the U.S. relates to the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. 85 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans — (continued) The composition of the net periodic benefit plan cost for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, was as follows: (in thousands, except percentages) 2023 Components of net periodic benefit cost: Pension plans 2022 2021 Other postretirement benefits 2022 2021 2023 Service cost Interest cost Expected return on assets $ 1,478 5,151 (4,347) $ 1,371 4,917 (5,979) $ 2,192 5,467 (6,564) $ 60 1,874 — $ 114 1,221 — $ 132 1,103 — Amortization of prior service cost/ (credit) Amortization of net actuarial loss Settlement Curtailment (gain)/loss Net periodic benefit cost Weighted average assumptions used to determine net cost: Discount rate — U.S. plan Discount rate — non-U.S. plans Cash balance interest crediting rate - Switzerland pension plan Expected return on plan assets — U.S. plan Expected return on plan assets — non-U.S. plans Rate of compensation increase — U.S. plan Rate of compensation increase — non-U.S. plans (32) 555 (8) 1,377 — — $ 2,805 49,128 — $ 50,806 13 2,365 — — $ 3,473 (4,090) 828 (4,488) 1,883 — — $ (1,328) — — $ (1,270) (4,488) 2,260 — — (993) $ 5.49 % 5.15 % 2.63 % 2.41 % 2.65 % 1.91 % 5.55 % 5.20 % 2.83 % 3.05 % 2.38 % 2.75 % 2.15 % 0.25 % 0.05 % — — — N/A 3.07 % 2.74 % 5.21 % 3.31 % 2.89 % N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 3.08 % 2.70 % 2.71 % 2.75 % 2.75 % 2.75 % Pretax (gains)/losses on plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, was as follows: 2023 Pension plans 2022 2021 Other postretirement benefits 2022 2021 2023 $ — $ 4,365 (49,128) $ 16,828 — $ — $ — $ 1,927 (6,131) (6,658) — (995) (554) (1,377) (2,365) (828) (1,883) (2,260) 32 — 757 8 — (944) (13) — (612) 4,090 3,884 4,488 — (8) — 15 — 2 $ 4,600 $ (34,613) $ (1,063) $ (2,877) $ (4,642) $ 1,235 (in thousands) Settlements/curtailments Asset/liability loss/(gain) Amortization of actuarial (loss) Amortization of prior service cost/(credit) Other Currency impact Cost/(benefit) in Other comprehensive income 86 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans — (continued) Investment Strategy Our investment strategy for pension assets differs for the various countries in which we have defined benefit pension plans. Some of our defined benefit plans do not require funded trusts and, in those arrangements, the Company funds the plans on a “pay as you go” basis. The largest of the funded defined benefit plans are in Canada and the United Kingdom. For the countries in which the Company has funded pension trusts, the investment strategy may also be liability driven or, in other cases, to achieve a competitive, total investment return, achieving diversification between and within asset classes and managing other risks. Investment objectives for each asset class are determined based on specific risks and investment opportunities identified. Actual allocations to each asset class vary from target allocations due to periodic investment strategy changes, market value fluctuations, the length of time it takes to fully implement investment allocation positions, and the timing of benefit payments and contributions. Fair-Value Measurements The following tables present plan assets as of December 31, 2023, and 2022, using the fair-value hierarchy, which has three levels based on the reliability of inputs used, as described in Note 18, Fair-Value Measurements, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Certain investments that are measured at fair value using net asset value ("NAV") as a practical expedient are not required to be categorized in the fair value hierarchy table. The total fair value of these investments is included in the table below to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to amounts presented in the funded status table above. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no investments expected to be sold at a value materially different than NAV. Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands) Quoted prices in active markets Level 1 Significant other observable inputs Level 2 Significant unobservable inputs Level 3 Common Stocks and equity funds $ — $ 4,159 $ — $ Debt securities Insurance contracts Real Estate Hedge Funds Cash and short-term investments Total investments in the fair value hierarchy Investments at net asset value: Common Stocks and equity funds Fixed income funds Limited partnerships Total plan assets — — — — 5,740 56,838 — — — — — 3,478 3,451 668 — Total 4,159 56,838 3,478 3,451 668 5,740 $ 5,740 $ 60,997 $ 7,597 74,334 12,608 25,746 — 112,688 $ 87 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans — (continued) Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Quoted prices in active markets Level 1 Significant other observable inputs Level 2 Significant unobservable inputs Level 3 Common Stocks and equity funds $ — $ — $ — $ Debt securities Insurance contracts Real Estate Hedge Funds — — — — 37,234 — — — Cash and short-term investments Total investments in the fair value hierarchy 548 548 $ — 37,234 $ $ — 2,418 — — — 2,418 Investments at net asset value: Common Stocks and equity funds Fixed income funds Limited partnerships Total plan assets Total — 37,234 2,418 — — 548 40,200 13,069 21,660 — $ 74,929 The following tables present a reconciliation of Level 3 assets held during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: (in thousands) Insurance contracts - December 31, 2022 Net realized gains Net unrealized gains Net purchases, issuances and settlements Net transfers (out of) Level 3 December 31, 2023 total level 3 assets $ 2,418 $ — $ 18 $ 5,161 $ — $ 7,597 December 31, 2021 Net realized gains Net unrealized gains Net purchases, issuances and settlements Net transfers (out of) Level 3 December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Insurance contracts - total level 3 assets $ 3,861 $ — $ 20 $ (1,463) $ — $ 2,418 The asset allocation for the Company’s U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans for 2023 and 2022, and the target allocation, by asset category, are as follows: United States Plan Non-U.S. Plans Target Allocation Percentage of plan assets at plan measurement date 2023 2022 Target Allocation Percentage of plan assets at plan measurement date 2023 2022 N/A N/A N/A N/A — % N/A N/A N/A N/A — % N/A N/A N/A N/A 14 % 71 % 3 % 12 % 13 % 73 % 3 % 11 % 15 % 76 % 1 % 8 % — % 100 % 100 % 100 % Asset category Equity securities Debt securities Real estate Other(1) 88 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans — (continued) (1) Other includes hedged equity and absolute return strategies, as well as private equity. The Company has procedures to closely monitor the performance of these investments and compares asset valuations to audited financial statements of the funds. The targeted plan asset allocation is based on an analysis of the actuarial liabilities, a review of viable asset classes, and an analysis of the expected rate of return, risk, and other investment characteristics of various investment asset classes. At the end of 2023 and 2022, the projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair value of plan assets for pension plans with projected benefit obligation and an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets were as follows: (in thousands) Projected benefit obligation Fair value of plan assets (in thousands) Accumulated benefit obligation Fair value of plan assets Plans with projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets 2023 2022 $ 81,972 $ 17,041 28,458 3,422 Plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets 2022 2023 $ 77,688 $ 25,941 17,041 3,422 Information about expected cash flows for the pension and other benefit obligations are as follows: (in thousands) Pension plans Other postretirement benefits Expected employer contributions and direct employer payments in the next fiscal year $ 6,335 $ 2,808 Expected benefit payments 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 to 2033 10,716 10,972 10,938 10,089 10,333 50,314 2,808 2,714 2,626 2,538 2,448 10,873 89 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 5. Restructuring Restructuring activities have decreased in the last two years. Restructuring expense, net during this period has been related primarily to the winding down of restructuring actions taken in years previous. The following table summarizes charges reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income under “Restructuring expenses, net”: Year ended December 31, 2023 (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate Total restructuring expense Year ended December 31, 2022 (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate Total restructuring expense Year ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands) Machine Clothing Albany Engineered Composites Corporate Total restructuring expense Total restructuring costs incurred Termination and other costs Impairment of assets $ $ 282 $ — — 282 $ 282 $ — — 282 $ — — — — Total restructuring costs incurred Termination and other costs Impairment of assets $ $ 92 $ 92 $ — 14 — 14 106 $ 106 $ — — — — Total restructuring costs incurred Termination and other costs Impairment of assets $ 1,202 $ 1,202 $ 32 97 32 97 $ 1,331 $ 1,331 $ — — — — As of December 31, 2023, there is no remaining balance in Accrued liabilities for restructuring. The table below presents the changes in restructuring liabilities for 2023 and 2022: (in thousands) December 31, 2022 Restructuring charges accrued Payments Currency translation/ other December 31, 2023 Total termination and other costs $ — $ 282 $ (285) $ 3 $ — (in thousands) December 31, 2021 Restructuring charges accrued Payments Currency translation/ other December 31, 2022 Total termination and other costs $ 1,045 $ 106 $ (1,079) $ (72) $ — 90 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 6. Other (income)/expense, net The components of Other expense/(income), net, are: (in thousands) Currency transactions Sale of IP addresses Bank fees and amortization of debt issuance costs Components of net periodic pension and postretirement cost other than service Other Total other (income)/expense, net Years ended December 31, 2022 2021 2023 $ $ (2,916) $ — 180 (9,996) $ (3,420) 313 (61) (3,366) (6,163) $ (1,077) 94 (14,086) $ (1,179) — 373 156 3,671 3,021 Other (income)/expense, net included foreign currency related transactions that resulted in gains of $2.9 million during 2023 and gains of $10.0 million during 2022. During 2023, the stronger Mexican Peso primarily drove transaction gains on nonfunctional currency monetary liabilities, while during 2022, the weaker Euro primarily drove transaction gains related to nonfunctional currency monetary assets. During 2022, the Company recorded a gain of $3.4 million on the sale of IP addresses that the Company had no future critical need to retain. There were no similar gains of this nature during 2023. 7. Income Taxes Provision for income taxes consisted of the following: (in thousands) Income before income taxes: U.S. Non-U.S. Income tax expense/(benefit) Current: Federal State Non-U.S. Deferred: Federal State Non-U.S. Total income tax expense Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 $ 68,872 $ 20,422 $ 63,708 91,584 111,558 102,223 $ 160,456 $ 131,980 $ 165,931 $ 17,005 $ 9,781 $ 2,030 34,110 53,145 $ 5,126 28,605 43,512 $ (1,700) $ 863 (3,462) (4,299) $ (9,592) $ (1,866) 3,418 (8,040) $ $ $ $ $ 3,348 2,663 29,319 35,330 9,911 (24) 1,946 11,833 48,846 $ 35,472 $ 47,163 91 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 7. Income Taxes — (continued) A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows: U.S. federal statutory tax rate State taxes, net of federal benefit Non-U.S. local income taxes U.S. permanent adjustments Foreign permanent adjustments Foreign rate differential Net U.S. tax on non-U.S. earnings and foreign withholdings Provision for/(resolution) of tax audits and contingencies, net U.S. Pension Settlement - Release of Residual Tax Effect Change in valuation allowances Impact of amended tax returns Return to provision Other adjustments Effective income tax rate Years ended December 31, 2022 2021 2023 21.0 % 1.9 21.0 % 2.5 21.0 % 1.8 1.4 0.8 0.7 2.0 5.1 0.3 — (1.2) — (1.2) 3.8 1.4 (2.1) 3.1 3.5 0.3 (4.0) (0.6) (0.1) (1.1) (0.4) 30.4 % (0.8) 26.9 % 2.5 1.1 0.3 1.2 2.1 0.1 — 0.6 (1.3) (1.4) 0.4 28.4 % In 2022, the Company recorded a net tax benefit of $5.2 million for the release of the residual tax effects that were stranded within other comprehensive income related to the U.S. pension settlement. The residual tax effects were created as a result of the remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities originally established in other comprehensive income in accordance with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act lowering the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent as of December 31, 2017. No similar charges were incurred during 2023. The Company has operations which constitute a taxable presence in 22 countries outside of the United States. The Company is subject to audit in the U.S. and various foreign jurisdictions. Our open tax years for major jurisdictions generally range from 2009-2023. We believe appropriate provisions for all outstanding tax issues have been made for all jurisdictions and all open years. During the periods reported, income outside of the U.S. was heavily concentrated within Brazil (34 percent tax rate), China (25 percent tax rate), and Mexico (30 percent tax rate). The foreign rate differential of these jurisdictions was partially offset by Switzerland (15.2 percent tax rate). As a result, the foreign income tax rate differential was primarily attributable to these tax rate differences. Cash payments for taxes amounted to $54.5 million in 2023, $50.0 million in 2022, and $32.5 million in 2021. 92 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 7. Income Taxes — (continued) Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of certain assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: For the year ended December 31 (in thousands) Deferred tax assets: Accounts receivable, net Inventories Incentive compensation Property, plant, equipment and intangibles, net Pension, post retirement benefits - non-current Tax loss carryforwards Tax credit carryforwards Leases Reserves Deferred revenue Other U.S. Non-U.S. 2023 2022 2023 2022 $ 528 $ 436 $ 1,608 5,843 — 6,939 110 3,167 8,685 877 244 — 1,807 4,619 — 9,141 239 2,635 7,597 721 761 47 1,489 $ 1,429 1,162 — 4,899 29,811 19 2,463 — — 1,050 42,322 Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance 28,001 28,003 Less: valuation allowance Total deferred tax assets Deferred tax liabilities: Unrepatriated foreign earnings Property, plant, equipment and intangibles, net Basis difference in partner capital Basis difference in investment Derivatives Leases Deferred revenue Other $ $ (118) 27,883 $ (8) 27,995 $ (9,730) 32,592 $ 4,270 $ 5,827 $ — $ 8,433 1,719 4,192 3,009 8,091 — 117 3,084 2,161 4,173 5,941 11,609 — — 19,000 — — 109 2,331 9,843 — Total deferred tax liabilities Net deferred tax (liability)/asset 29,831 (1,948) $ 32,795 (4,800) $ 31,283 1,309 $ $ 1,300 1,111 1,333 1,892 — 14,201 — 611 — — 1,707 22,155 (9,778) 12,377 — — — — — 515 6,440 515 7,470 4,907 Deferred income tax assets, net of valuation allowances, are expected to be realized through the reversal of existing taxable temporary differences and future taxable income. In 2023, the Company recorded immaterial movements in its valuation allowance, which are included in Schedule II in Item 15, Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 93 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 7. Income Taxes — (continued) As of December 31, 2023, the Company's net operating loss, capital loss and tax credit carryforwards were as follows: (in thousands) Jurisdiction U.S. Federal U.S. State Non-U.S. Non-U.S. Expiration Period 2025 - 2040 2027 - 2042 2025 - 2033 Indefinite Net Operating and Capital Loss Carryforwards $ — $ 1,889 12,983 115,787 Balance at end of year $ 130,659 $ Tax Credit Carryforwards 2,626 541 — — 3,167 The Company records the residual U.S. and foreign taxes on certain amounts of foreign earnings that have been targeted for repatriation to the U.S. These amounts are not considered to be indefinitely reinvested, and the Company accrued for the tax cost on these earnings to the extent they cannot be repatriated in a tax-free manner. The Company has targeted for repatriation $160.8 million of current year and prior year earnings of the Company’s foreign operations. If these earnings were distributed, the Company would be subject to foreign withholding taxes of $3.6 million and U.S. income taxes of $0.6 million which have already been recorded. The accumulated undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign operations not targeted for repatriation to the U.S. were approximately $154.8 million, and are intended to remain indefinitely invested in foreign operations. No additional income taxes have been provided on the indefinitely invested foreign earnings at December 31, 2023. If these earnings were distributed, the Company could be subject to income taxes and additional foreign withholding taxes. Determining the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability related to any additional outside basis difference in these entities is not practical due to the complexities of the hypothetical calculation. The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits. If recognized, the $2.7 million would impact the effective tax rate as of December 31, 2023 as follows: (in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 Unrecognized tax benefits balance at January 1, $ 792 $ 1,459 $ Increase in gross amounts of tax positions related to prior years Decrease in gross amounts of tax positions related to prior years Increase in gross amounts of tax positions related to current years Decrease due to lapse in statute of limitations Currency translation Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31, 2,373 — 196 (656) 36 2,741 $ 399 (929) 37 — (174) 792 $ $ 5,491 278 (4,236) — (39) (35) 1,459 Of the $2.7 million total unrecognized tax benefits balance as of December 31, 2023, $1.3 million is related to unrecognized tax benefits acquired in the Heimbach acquisition. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within its global operations as a component of income tax expense. The Company recognized $0.5 million, $0.1 million and $0.1 million interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits noted above, for the years 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. It is reasonably possible that within the next 12 months, unrecognized tax benefits related to international tax matters may decrease by up to $0.7 million based on current estimates. 94 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 8. Earnings Per Share The amounts used in computing earnings per share and the weighted average number of shares of potentially dilutive securities are as follows: (in thousands, except market price and earnings per share) Net income attributable to the Company Weighted average number of shares: Weighted average number of shares used in calculating basic net income per share Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation plans: Stock options Long-term incentive plans Years ended December 31, 2022 2021 2023 $ 111,120 $ 95,762 $ 118,478 31,171 31,339 32,348 — 105 — 116 2 113 Weighted average number of shares used in calculating diluted net income per share 31,276 31,455 32,463 Net income per share: Basic Diluted $ $ 3.56 $ 3.55 $ 3.06 $ 3.04 $ 3.66 3.65 Shares outstanding, net of treasury shares, were 31.2 million as of December 31, 2023, 31.1 million as of December 31, 2022, and 32.1 million as of December 31, 2021. 95 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 9. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI") The table below presents changes in the components of AOCI from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023: (in thousands) January 1, 2021 Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications Pension/postretirement plan remeasurement, net of tax Interest expense related to swaps reclassified to the Statements of Income, net of tax Pension and postretirement liability adjustments reclassified to Statements of Income, net of tax Net current period other comprehensive income December 31, 2021 Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications Pension settlement expense, net of tax Pension/postretirement plan remeasurement, net of tax Interest expense related to swaps reclassified to the Statements of Income, net of tax Pension and postretirement liability adjustments reclassified to Statements of Income, net of tax Net current period other comprehensive income December 31, 2022 Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications Pension/postretirement plan remeasurement, net of tax Interest expense related to swaps reclassified to the Statements of Income, net of tax Pension and postretirement liability adjustments reclassified to Statements of Income, net of tax Translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Derivative valuation adjustment Total Other Comprehensive Income $ (83,203) $ (39,661) $ (9,544) $ (132,408) (22,677) 1,869 2,812 (17,996) — — — (796) — (796) — 98 5,118 5,118 — 98 (22,677) (105,880) $ $ 1,171 (38,490) $ 7,930 (1,614) $ (13,576) (145,984) (40,971) — 18,971 26,198 (2,663) — — (22,000) 26,198 (2,663) — 350 350 (40,971) 22,707 (828) — 19,321 (828) 1,057 $ (146,851) $ (15,783) $ 17,707 $ (144,927) 21,950 (3,357) 2,623 21,216 3,629 — 3,629 — (11,251) (11,251) (1,835) (1,563) — (8,628) (1,835) 11,759 — — — — — — — Net current period other comprehensive income 21,950 December 31, 2023 $ (124,901) $ (17,346) $ 9,079 $ (133,168) The components of our Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income that are reclassified to the Statement of Income relate to our pension and postretirement plans and interest rate swaps. 96 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 9. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) — (continued) The table below presents the expense/(income) amounts reclassified, and the line items of the Statement of Income that were affected for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021. (in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 Pretax Derivative valuation reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income: (Income)/Expense related to interest rate swaps included in Income before taxes(a) Income tax effect Effect on net income due to items reclassified from Accumulated $ (15,062) $ 3,811 468 $ (118) 6,852 (1,734) Other Comprehensive Income $ (11,251) $ 350 $ 5,118 Pretax pension and postretirement liabilities reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income: Pension/postretirement settlements and curtailments Amortization of prior service credit Amortization of net actuarial loss Total pretax amount reclassified(b) Income tax effect Effect on net income due to items reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ________________________ $ — $ (4,122) 1,383 (2,739) 42,657 $ (4,497) 3,260 41,420 904 (16,051) — (4,475) 4,625 150 (52) $ (1,835) $ 25,369 $ 98 (a) Reported as Interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income, are payments related to the interest rate swap agreements and amortization of swap buyouts (see Note 17, Financial Instruments, and Note 18, Fair-Value Measurements, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements). (b) Reported as Other (income)/expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income, the accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 4, Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 10. Noncontrolling Interest Effective October 31, 2013, SAFRAN S.A. ("SAFRAN") acquired a 10 percent equity interest in a new Albany subsidiary, Albany Safran Composites, LLC ("ASC"). Under the terms of the transaction agreements, ASC will be the exclusive supplier to SAFRAN of advanced 3D-woven composite parts in accordance with agreed upon scope parameters defined between both companies, for use in aircraft and rocket engines, thrust reversers and nacelles, and aircraft landing and braking systems (the “SAFRAN Applications”). AEC may develop and supply parts other than advanced 3D-woven composite parts for all aerospace applications, as well as advanced 3D-woven composite parts for any aerospace applications that are not SAFRAN Applications (such as airframe applications) and any non- aerospace applications. The agreement provides SAFRAN an option to purchase Albany’s remaining 90 percent interest upon the occurrence of certain bankruptcy or performance default events, or if Albany’s Engineered Composites business is sold to a direct competitor of SAFRAN. The purchase price is based initially on the same valuation of ASC used to determine SAFRAN’s 10 percent equity interest, and increases over time as LEAP production increases. In accordance with the operating agreement, Albany received a $28 million preferred holding in ASC which includes a preferred return based on the Company’s revolving credit agreement. The common shares of ASC are owned 90 percent by Albany and 10 percent by SAFRAN. The Company also owns 85 percent of Arcari, SRL ("Arcari"), a manufacturer of textile and plastic industrial technical products and conveyor belts, which is a subsidiary of Heimbach GmbH, the paper machine clothing 97 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 10. Noncontrolling Interest — (continued) manufacturer recently acquired by the Company and reported within the MC segment. On August 31, 2023, the date of the Heimbach acquisition, the fair value of the noncontrolling interest in Arcari was $0.5 million. Net income/(loss) attributable to Arcari's noncontrolling interest was less than $0.1 million during 2023. The table below presents a reconciliation of income attributable to the noncontrolling interest and noncontrolling equity in the Company’s subsidiaries: ASC Noncontrolling Interest: (in thousands, except percentages) Net income/(loss) of Albany Safran Composites (ASC) Less: Return attributable to the Company's preferred holding Net income/(loss) of ASC available for common ownership Ownership percentage of noncontrolling shareholder Net income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest Noncontrolling interest, beginning of year Net income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest Changes in other comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest ASC noncontrolling interest, end of year Arcari Noncontrolling Interest: (in thousands, except percentages) Initial equity related to Noncontrolling interest in Arcari Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest Changes in other comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest Arcari noncontrolling interest, end of year Total noncontrolling interest, end of year 11. Accounts Receivable $ $ $ $ 2023 2022 $ $ $ $ 6,036 1,300 4,736 10 % 474 4,494 474 455 8,720 1,262 7,458 10 % 746 3,638 746 110 $ 5,423 $ 4,494 2023 2022 509 16 4 529 $ — — — — 5,952 $ 4,494 $ $ As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, Accounts receivable consisted of the following: (in thousands) Trade and other accounts receivable Bank promissory notes Allowance for expected credit losses Accounts receivable, net December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ 272,351 $ 20,690 (5,260) 287,781 $ $ 179,676 23,439 (3,097) 200,018 The Company had Noncurrent receivables in the AEC segment that represented revenue earned, for which the customer had extended payment terms beyond one year. In 2023, the payment terms were amended and a portion of the Noncurrent receivables are now included in Trade and other accounts receivable. The remaining Noncurrent receivables is expected to be collected in the first quarter of 2025. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Noncurrent receivables were as follows: 98 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 11. Accounts Receivable— (continued) (in thousands) Noncurrent receivables Allowance for expected credit losses Noncurrent receivables, net December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ $ 4,414 $ 28,053 (22) (140) 4,392 $ 27,913 Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the provisions of ASC 326, Current Expected Credit Losses ("CECL"). This accounting update replaced the incurred loss impairment methodology under previous GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. Under this standard, the Company recognizes an allowance for expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, such as Accounts receivable, Contract assets and Noncurrent receivables. The allowance is determined using a CECL model that is based on an historical average three-year loss rate and is measured by financial asset type on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist, at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit losses. The estimate reflects the risk of loss due to credit default, even when the risk is remote, and considers available relevant information about the collectability of cash flows, including information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable expected future economic conditions. While an expected credit loss allowance is recorded at the same time the financial asset is recorded, the Company monitors financial assets for credit impairment events to assess whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition, and considers both quantitative and qualitative information. The risk of loss due to credit default increases when one or more events occur that can have a detrimental impact on estimated future cash flows of that financial asset. Evidence that a financial asset is subject to greater credit risk includes observable data about significant financial difficulty of the customer, a breach of contract, such as a default or past due event, or it becomes probable that the customer will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization, among other factors. It may not be possible to identify a single discrete event, but rather, the combined effect of several events that may cause an increase in risk of loss. The probability of default is driven by the relative financial health of our customer base and that of the industries in which we operate, as well as the broader macro-economic environment. A changing economic environment or forecasted economic scenario can lead to a different probability of default and can suggest that credit risk has changed. At each reporting period, the Company will recognize the amount of change in current expected credit losses as an allowance gain or loss in Selling, general, and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Financial assets are written-off when the Company has no reasonable expectation of recovering the financial asset, either in its entirety, or a portion thereof. This is the case when the Company determines that the customer does not have assets or sources of income that could generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write- off. The following tables present the (increases)/decreases in the allowance for credit losses for Accounts receivable: (in thousands) December 31, 2022 (Charge)/ benefit Currency translation Other December 31, 2023 Specific customer reserves $ (2,076) $ (424) $ (74) $ 90 $ (2,484) Incremental expected credit losses Accounts receivable expected credit losses (1,021) (187) (40) (1,528) (2,776) $ (3,097) $ (611) $ (114) $ (1,438) $ (5,260) 99 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 11. Accounts Receivable— (continued) (in thousands) Specific customer reserves Incremental expected credit losses Accounts receivable expected credit losses December 31, 2021 (Charge)/ benefit Currency translation Other December 31, 2022 $ (1,392) $ (1,331) $ 50 $ 597 $ (2,076) (953) (93) 25 — (1,021) $ (2,345) $ (1,424) $ 75 $ 597 $ (3,097) The following tables present the (increases)/decreases in the allowance for credit losses for Noncurrent receivables: (in thousands) December 31, 2022 (Charge)/ benefit Currency translation Other December 31, 2023 Noncurrent receivables expected credit losses $ (140) $ 123 $ (5) $ — $ (22) (in thousands) December 31, 2021 (Charge)/ benefit Currency translation Other December 31, 2022 Noncurrent receivables expected credit losses $ (200) $ 62 $ (2) $ — $ (140) 12. Contract Assets and Liabilities Contract assets and Contract liabilities (included in Accrued liabilities) are reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in a net position, on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. Contract assets and contract liabilities are summarized as follows: (in thousands) Contract assets Allowance for expected credit losses Contract assets, net Contract liabilities December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ 183,189 $ (908) 149,443 (748) $ 182,281 $ 148,695 $ 7,127 $ 15,176 Contract assets increased $33.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to an increase in unbilled revenue related to the satisfaction of performance obligations, notably for the Sikorsky CH-53K program, in excess of the amounts billed. Other than the allowance for expected credit losses, there were no other provisions for losses related to our Contract assets during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. 100 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 12. Contract Assets and Liabilities — (continued) The following tables present the (increases)/ decreases in the allowance for credit losses for Contract assets: (in thousands) Contract assets expected credit losses (in thousands) Contract assets expected credit losses December 31, 2022 (Charge)/ benefit Currency translation Other December 31, 2023 $ (748) $ (152) $ (8) $ — $ (908) December 31, 2021 (Charge)/ benefit Currency translation Other December 31, 2022 $ (703) $ (45) $ — $ — $ (748) Contract liabilities decreased $8.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to revenue recognition from satisfied performance obligations exceeding the amounts invoiced to customers for contracts that were in a contract liability position. Revenue recognized for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 that was included in the Contract liability balance at the beginning of the year was $15.2 million and $5.7 million, respectively. 13. Inventories As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, inventories consisted of the following: (in thousands) Raw materials Work in process Finished goods Total inventories December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ 79,611 $ 67,743 22,213 74,631 50,516 13,903 $ 169,567 $ 139,050 On August 31, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Heimbach. Included in the fair value of assets acquired was $41.9 million of inventories. See Note 24, Business Combination, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. 14. Property, Plant and Equipment, net The table below sets forth the components of property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: (in thousands) Land and land improvements Buildings Machinery and equipment Furniture and fixtures Computer and other equipment Software Capital expenditures in progress Property, plant and equipment, gross Accumulated depreciation and amortization 2023 2022 Estimated useful life $ 29,654 $ 14,059 25 years for improvements 302,086 1,207,504 11,409 24,120 69,191 247,136 15 to 40 years 1,053,700 5 to 15 years 8,158 5 years 21,570 3 to 10 years 66,794 5 to 8 years 90,759 92,620 1,734,723 (1,132,734) 1,504,037 (1,058,379) Property, plant and equipment, net $ 601,989 $ 445,658 101 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 14. Property, Plant and Equipment, net — (continued) On August 31, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Heimbach. Included in the fair value of assets acquired was $125.1 million of property, plant and equipment. See Note 24, Business Combination, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. Depreciation expense was $70.4 million in 2023, $62.5 million in 2022, and $65.1 million in 2021. Software amortization is recorded in Selling, general, and administrative expense and was $1.9 million in 2023, $1.7 million in 2022, and $1.9 million in 2021. Capital expenditures, including purchased software, were $84.4 million in 2023, $96.3 million in 2022, and $53.7 million in 2021. Unamortized software cost was $6.6 million, $5.9 million, and $3.9 million in each of the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to income as incurred and amounted to $22.4 million in 2023, $20.7 million in 2022, and $19.3 million in 2021. 15. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in each business combination. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, however, these assets are tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level, using either a qualitative or quantitative approach. Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of a reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value. In the second quarter of 2023, management applied the qualitative assessment approach in performing its annual evaluation of goodwill for the Company's Machine Clothing reporting unit and two Engineered Composites reporting units and concluded that each reporting unit’s fair value continued to exceed its carrying value. In addition, there were no amounts at risk due to the estimated excess between the fair and carrying values. Accordingly, no impairment charges were recorded. In the third quarter of 2023, the Company acquired all the outstanding shares of Heimbach. The preliminary fair values of the identifiable intangible assets obtained totaled $14.9 million and consisted of the Heimbach trade name and developed technology. The fair value of the trade name was $6.0 million and is considered an indefinite-lived asset because of Heimbach's rich brand heritage and customer service to the paper machine clothing industry. The fair value of the developed technology was $8.9 million and includes intellectual property-related technologies as well as know-how developed by Heimbach; and is being amortized over its economic period of benefit, which is 9 years. See Note 24, Business Combination, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information. 102 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 15. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets — (continued) We amortize certain patents, trademarks and names, customer contracts, relationships and technology assets that have finite-lives. The changes in intangible assets and goodwill from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2023, were as follows: (in thousands, except for years) Finite-lived intangible assets: AEC Trademarks and trade names AEC Technology AEC Intellectual property AEC Customer relationships Heimbach Developed technology Total Finite-Lived intangible assets, net Indefinite-lived intangible assets: Heimbach Trade name MC Goodwill AEC Goodwill Total Indefinite-lived intangible assets (in thousands, except for years) Finite-lived intangible assets: AEC Trademarks and trade names AEC Technology AEC Intellectual property AEC Customer contracts AEC Customer relationships Total Finite-Lived intangible assets, net Indefinite-lived intangible assets: MC Goodwill AEC Goodwill Total Indefinite-lived intangible assets Amortization life in years Balance at December 31, 2022 Acquisition Amortization Currency Translation Balance at December 31, 2023 6-15 10-15 15 8-15 9 $ 34 $ — $ (12) $ — $ 3,884 994 28,899 — — — (567) (83) (3,480) 109 — 66 22 3,426 911 25,485 — 8,918 (310) 124 8,732 $ 33,811 $ 8,918 $ (4,452) $ 299 $ 38,576 $ — $ 5,982 $ — $ 88 $ 65,441 112,776 — — — — 1,432 532 6,070 66,873 113,308 $ 178,217 $ 5,982 $ — $ 2,052 $ 186,251 Amortization life in years Balance at December 31, 2021 Other Changes Amortization Currency Translation Balance at December 31, 2022 6-15 10-15 15 6 8-15 $ 45 $ 4,712 1,077 720 — $ — — — (11) $ — $ (554) (83) (720) (274) — — 34 3,884 994 — 32,527 — (3,474) (154) 28,899 $ 39,081 $ — $ (4,842) $ (428) $ 33,811 $ 68,329 $ 113,795 — $ — — $ — (2,888) $ (1,019) 65,441 112,776 $ 182,124 $ — $ — $ (3,907) $ 178,217 As of December 31, 2023, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of Finite-lived intangible assets was $87.1 million and $48.5 million, respectively. 103 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 15. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets — (continued) Amortization expense related to Finite-lived intangible assets was reported in the Consolidated Statement of Income as follows: $0.4 million in Cost of goods sold and $4.1 million in Selling, general and administrative expenses in 2023; $0.8 million in Cost of goods sold and $4.0 million in Selling, general and administrative expenses in 2022; and $3.0 million in Cost of goods sold and $4.2 million in Selling, general and administrative expenses in 2021. Estimated amortization expense of intangibles for the years ending December 31, 2024 through 2028, is as Annual amortization (in thousands) 5,200 $ 5,200 5,200 5,100 5,100 2023 2022 $ 72,373 $ 7,127 10,232 8,111 9,356 7,335 57,867 15,176 9,084 7,778 6,683 5,929 10,171 10,274 2,721 1,979 3,912 2,359 1,966 3,439 9,671 142,988 $ 5,830 126,385 $ follows: Year 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 16. Accrued Liabilities Accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 consist of the following: (in thousands) Salaries, wages and benefits Contract liabilities Returns and allowances Dividends Pension and postretirement Operating and finance lease liabilities Other tax Contract loss reserve Freight Professional fees Other Total accrued liabilities 104 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 17. Financial Instruments Debt principally consists of a revolving credit agreement and foreign bank debt assumed in the acquisition of Heimbach. The following table represents our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: (in thousands, except interest rates) Borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement(1) Foreign bank debt Total bank debt Less: Current maturities of long-term debt 2023 2022 $ 446,000 $ 439,000 10,885 456,885 4,218 — 439,000 — Long-term debt 439,000 (1) The credit facility matures in August 2028. At the end of the December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the interest rate in effect was 3.49 percent and 3.16 percent, respectively, including the effect of interest rate hedging transactions, as described below. 452,667 $ $ Principal payments on long-term debt are due in amounts of $3.4 million in 2025, $1.3 million in 2026, $1.2 million in 2027, $446.4 million in 2028 and $0.4 million in 2029 and beyond. Cash payments of interest amounted to $18.7 million in 2023, $16.0 million in 2022 and $14.9 million in 2021. Amended Credit Agreement On August 16, 2023, we entered into a $800 million unsecured committed Five-Year Revolving Credit Facility Agreement (the “Amended Credit Agreement”), which amended and restated the prior $700 million committed Four- Year Revolving Credit Facility Agreement, entered into on October 27, 2020 (the “Prior Agreement”). The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary terms, as well as affirmative covenants, negative covenants and events of default that are substantially comparable to those in the Prior Agreement. The Borrowings are guaranteed by certain of the Company's subsidiaries, including all significant U.S. subsidiaries (subject to certain exceptions), as were borrowings under the Prior Agreement. On June 23, 2023, we entered into the first Amendment to the Prior Agreement to replace the LIBOR-based reference interest rate option with a reference interest rate option based on the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("Term SOFR") plus an applicable credit spread adjustment (subject to a minimum floor of 0.0%). The Amendment did not make any other material changes to the terms and conditions of the Prior Agreement, including the representations and warranties, events of default, and affirmative and negative covenants. These amendments are also reflected in the Amended Credit Agreement. The applicable interest rate for borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement is based on Term SOFR plus a spread, which is based on our leverage ratio (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) at the time of a borrowing as follows: Leverage Ratio <1.00:1.00 ≥ 1.00:1.00 and < 2.00:1.00 ≥ 2.00:1.00 and < 3.00:1.00 ≥ 3.00:1.00 Commitment Fee ABR Spread 0.275% 0.300% 0.325% 0.350% 0.500% 0.625% 0.750% 1.000% Term Benchmark/ Daily Simple SOFR Spread 1.500% 1.625% 1.750% 2.000% As of December 31, 2023, the applicable interest rate for borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement was based on one-month term SOFR plus the spread, which was 1.625%. 105 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 17. Financial Instruments — (continued) As of December 31, 2023, there was $446 million of borrowings outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement and we had borrowings available of $354 million, based on our maximum leverage ratio and our consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary terms including affirmative covenants, negative covenants and events of default. Under the Amended Credit Agreement, we are required to maintain a leverage ratio (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) of not greater than 3.75 to 1.00, or 4.25 to 1.00 after a significant acquisition. We are also required to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) of greater than 3.00 to 1.00. As of December 31, 2023, our leverage ratio was 1.25 to 1.00 (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) and our interest coverage ratio was 14.13 to 1.00. If our leverage ratio exceeds 3.50 to 1.00, we will be restricted in paying dividends to a maximum amount of $40 million in a calendar year. As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants. We anticipate continued compliance in each of the next four quarters while continuing to monitor future compliance based on current and future economic conditions. The borrowings are guaranteed by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement. Our ability to borrow additional amounts under the Amended Credit Agreement is conditional upon the absence of any defaults, as well as the absence of any material adverse change (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). Indebtedness under the Amended Credit Agreement is ranked equally in right of payment to all unsecured senior debt. On June 14, 2021, we entered into interest rate swap agreements for the period October 17, 2022 through October 27, 2024. These transactions had the effect of fixing the LIBOR portion of the effective interest rate (before addition of the spread) on $350 million of indebtedness, drawn under the Prior Agreement at the rate of 0.838% during the period. Under the terms of these transactions, we paid the fixed rate of 0.838% and the counterparties paid a floating rate based on the one-month LIBOR rate at each monthly calculation date. On June 29, 2023, the Company amended each Swap agreement, in accordance with the practical expedients included in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 848, Reference Rate Reform, to replace the LIBOR Benchmark with a Term SOFR Benchmark. As a result of the amendments, we pay a fixed blended rate of 0.7683% (plus a credit spread adjustment as defined in the Swap Agreements) through October 27, 2024 on $350 million of borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement and the counterparties pay a floating rate based on the one-month term SOFR at each monthly calculation date, which on December 18, 2023 was 5.36%. The effective date of the amended Swap agreements was July 17, 2023. As of December 18, 2023, the all-in-rate on the $350 million of debt was 2.51%. On October 17, 2022 our interest rate swap agreements that were in effect from December 18, 2017 terminated. These transactions had the effect of fixing the LIBOR portion of the effective interest rate (before the addition of the spread) on $350 million of indebtedness drawn under the Prior Agreement at the rate of 2.11% during the period. Under the terms of those transactions, we paid the fixed rate of 2.11% and the counterparties paid a floating rate based on the one-month LIBOR rate at each monthly calculation date. The all-in-rate on the $350 million of debt was 3.735% at the time the swap agreements terminated. These interest rate swaps are accounted for as a hedge of future cash flows, as further described in Note 18, Fair-Value Measurements, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. No cash collateral was received or pledged in relation to the swap agreements. Indebtedness under the Amended Credit Agreement is ranked equally in right of payment to all unsecured debt. Assumed Foreign Bank Debt With the August 31, 2023 acquisition of Heimbach, the Company assumed bank debt in the amount of $32.7 million, held by several European financial institutions with interest rates ranging from 0.98 percent to 5.52 percent and maturity dates ranging from September 25, 2023 to June 30, 2031. Certain bank agreements allowed for the repayment of the debt upon demand by certain financial institutions in the event of a change in control. As a result, $18.6 million of the debt was repaid in the fourth quarter of 2023. At December 31, 2023, the balance of Heimbach's debt was $10.9 million, of which $4.2 million was classified as Current maturities on long-term debt. 106 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 18. Fair-Value Measurements Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows: Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 - Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. We had no Level 3 financial assets or liabilities at December 31, 2023, or at December 31, 2022, other than certain pension assets (see Note 4, Pension, Postretirement, and Other Benefit Plans, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements). The following table presents the fair-value hierarchy for our Level 1 and Level 2 financial and non-financial assets and liabilities, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) Quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) Significant other observable inputs (Level 2) (in thousands) Fair Value Assets: Cash equivalents $ 27,157 $ — $ 6,533 $ $ 1,725 199 — — — 682 — — 12,214 602 — — 23,605 Foreign currency option contracts Foreign currency forward contracts Other Assets: Common stock of unaffiliated foreign public company (a) Interest rate swaps _____________________ (a) Original cost basis $0.5 million Cash equivalents include short-term securities that are considered to be highly liquid and easily tradable. These securities are valued using inputs observable in active markets for identical securities. The interest rate swaps are accounted for as hedges of future cash flows. The fair value of our interest rate swaps are derived from a discounted cash flow analysis based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve, and is included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts determined to be due within one year are reclassified to Other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unrealized gains and losses on the interest rate swaps flow through the caption Derivative valuation adjustment in the Shareholders’ equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. On June 29, 2023, the Company amended each Swap agreement, in accordance with the practical expedients included in ASC 848, Reference Rate Reform, to replace the LIBOR Benchmark with a Term SOFR Benchmark (see 107 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 18. Fair-Value Measurements — (continued) Note 17, Financial Instruments, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information). As of December 31, 2023, these interest rate swaps were determined to be highly effective hedges of interest rate cash flow risk. Amounts accumulated in Other comprehensive income are reclassified as Interest expense/(income), net when the related interest payments (that is, the hedged forecasted transactions), affect earnings. Interest (income)/ expense related to payments under the active swap agreements totaled $(15.0) million in 2023, $0.5 million in 2022 and $7.1 million in 2021. Additionally, non-cash interest expense (income) related to the remaining amortization of swap buyouts was $(0.3) million in 2021. We operate our business in many regions of the world, and currency rate movements can have a significant effect on operating results. Foreign currency instruments are entered into periodically, and consist of foreign currency option contracts and forward contracts that are valued using quoted prices in active markets obtained from independent pricing sources. These instruments are measured using market foreign exchange prices and are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as Other assets and Accounts payable, as applicable. Changes in fair value of these instruments are recorded as gains or losses within Other (income)/expense, net. When exercised, the foreign currency instruments are net settled with the same financial institution that bought or sold them. For all positions, whether options or forward contracts, there is risk from the possible inability of the financial institution to meet the terms of the contracts and the risk of unfavorable changes in interest and currency rates, which may reduce the value of the instruments. We seek to mitigate risk by evaluating the creditworthiness of counterparties and by monitoring the currency exchange and interest rate markets while reviewing the hedging risks and contracts to ensure compliance with our internal guidelines and policies. (Gains)/losses related to changes in fair value of derivative instruments that were recognized in Other (income)/ expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income were as follows: (in thousands) Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: 2023 2022 2021 Foreign currency options (gains)/losses $ (351) $ (509) $ 169 19. Other Noncurrent Liabilities As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, Other noncurrent liabilities consisted of the following: (in thousands) Operating leases Postretirement benefits other than pensions Pension liabilities Incentive and deferred compensation Other Total other noncurrent liabilities $ 2023 2022 50,637 $ 25,876 59,431 1,957 1,484 50,190 31,998 23,061 1,395 2,114 $ 139,385 $ 108,758 On August 31, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of Heimbach. Included in the fair value of liabilities assumed was $35.3 million of pension liabilities, net, of which $33.6 million was recorded to Other noncurrent liabilities, and the remainder was recorded to Accrued liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 24, Business Combination, of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. 108 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 20. Leases We are generally the lessee in our lease transactions. Lessees are required to recognize a lease liability and a right of use ("ROU") asset for leases with terms greater than 12 months, in accordance with the practical expedient that is available for ongoing accounting. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized on the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, using the rate implicit in the lease. If that rate is not readily determinable, the rate is based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease. Our ROU assets include the values associated with the additional periods when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise the option. We review the carrying value of ROU assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset group may not be recoverable from the estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. We have entered into operating and finance leases for offices, manufacturing facilities, warehouses, vehicles, and certain equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to 11 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 10 years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within 1 year. The components of lease expense were as follows: (in thousands) Finance lease: Amortization of right-of-use asset $ Interest on lease liabilities Operating lease: Fixed lease cost Variable lease cost Short-term lease cost Total lease expense $ December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 For the years ended — $ — 9,591 108 2,060 11,759 $ 416 $ 529 6,036 438 1,025 8,444 $ 997 1,353 5,283 (259) 1,037 8,411 Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows: (in thousands) Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 December 31, 2021 For the years ended Operating cash outflows from operating leases Operating cash outflows from finance leases Financing cash outflows from finance leases $ Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases Finance leases $ 10,105 $ — — 6,612 $ 529 654 9,114 $ — 38,559 $ — 5,233 1,353 1,438 2,189 — The initial recognition of each ROU asset and lease liability at lease commencement is a noncash transaction that is excluded from amounts reported in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. 109 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 20. Leases — (continued) In 2022, the Company extended the lease of its primary manufacturing facility in Salt Lake City, Utah, which resulted in a lease classification change from Finance to Operating and included a non-cash increase of $37.1 million to both Other assets and to Other noncurrent liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Due to the non-cash nature of the transaction, those increases are excluded from amounts reported in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows: (in thousands) Operating leases Right of use assets included in Other assets Lease liabilities included in Accrued liabilities Other noncurrent liabilities Total operating lease liabilities December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 $ $ $ 50,825 $ 48,475 7,335 $ 50,637 57,972 $ 5,929 50,190 56,119 Additional information for leases existing at December 31, 2023 and 2022 was as follows: Weighted average remaining lease term Operating leases Weighted average discount rate Operating leases December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 10 years 11 years 5.4 % 5.3 % Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 were as follows: Operating leases 10,627 9,505 8,466 7,691 5,423 32,990 74,702 (16,730) 57,972 $ $ (in thousands) Year ending December 31, 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 Thereafter Total lease payments Less imputed interest Total 110 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 21. Commitments and Contingencies Asbestos Litigation Albany International Corp. is a defendant in suits brought in various courts in the United States by plaintiffs who allege that they have suffered personal injury as a result of exposure to asbestos-containing paper machine clothing synthetic dryer fabrics marketed during the period from 1967 to 1976 and used in certain paper mills. We were defending 3,606 claims as of December 31, 2023. The following table sets forth the number of claims filed, the number of claims settled, dismissed or otherwise resolved, and the aggregate settlement amount during the periods presented: Year ended December 31, 2021 2022 2023 Opening Number of Claims 3,615 3,609 3,598 Claims Dismissed, Settled, or Resolved 32 43 19 New Claims 26 32 27 Closing Number of Claims 3,609 3,598 3,606 Amounts Paid (thousands) to Settle or Resolve $93 125 74 We anticipate that additional claims will be filed against the Company and related companies in the future, but are unable to predict the number and timing of such future claims. Due to the fact that information sufficient to meaningfully estimate a range of possible loss of a particular claim is typically not available until late in the discovery process, we do not believe a meaningful estimate can be made regarding the range of possible loss with respect to pending or future claims and therefore are unable to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss in excess of amounts already accrued for pending or future claims. While we believe we have meritorious defenses to these claims, we have settled certain claims for amounts we consider reasonable given the facts and circumstances of each case. Our insurance carrier has defended each case and funded settlements under a standard reservation of rights. As of December 31, 2023 we had resolved, by means of settlement or dismissal, 38,043 claims. The total cost of resolving all claims was $10.7 million. Of this amount, almost 100 percent was paid by our insurance carrier, who has confirmed that we have approximately $140 million of remaining coverage under primary and excess policies that should be available with respect to current and future asbestos claims. We currently do not anticipate, based on currently available information, that the ultimate resolution of the aforementioned proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company. Although we cannot predict the number and timing of future claims, based on the foregoing factors, the trends in claims filed against us, and available insurance, we also do not currently anticipate that potential future claims will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. 22. Stock-Based Compensation We have cash-based and stock-based incentive compensation plans that can be awarded for key employees, which are designed to reward short and long-term contributions and used as retention incentives for key senior management. We grant stock-based awards in the form of restricted stock units that are generally settled with the issuance of Class A shares. We grant performance phantom stock units that are treated as liability-based awards and are generally settled in cash. The vesting periods generally range between one and five years from the grant date. Expenses associated with these awards are recognized over each respective vesting period. Performance and Retention Awards The Albany International 2017 and 2023 Long-term Incentive Plans provide senior executive members of management with incentive compensation based on achieving certain performance or service measures. Awards can be settled in cash or shares of Class A Common Stock. If the settlement is in the form of Class A Common Stock, participants may elect to receive shares net of applicable income taxes. 111 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 22. Stock-Based Compensation — (continued) Annual Performance Period Awards Annual cash-based incentives were granted to executives as annual performance period ("APP") awards. Cash payments of $3.9 million in 2023, $4.5 million in 2022 and $3.1 million in 2021 were made as a result of the performance in the preceding year. In addition, due to the vesting of certain compensation costs for the former CEO who retired during 2023, an additional $0.9 million in cash payments were made. Multi-Year Performance Plan Awards Long-term performance incentives were granted to executives as multi-year performance plan ("MPP") awards in each of 2021, 2022 and 2023. Each of these awards vests three years after the grant date, and the extent of payout is dependent upon the achievement of certain performance metrics during the three-year performance period, as defined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Settlement of the awards are scheduled to occur no later than 90 days after the end of the performance period. If a participant terminates employment prior to the award becoming fully vested, the participant forfeits a portion of the MPP award. The grant date share price is determined when the awards are approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors each year and that price is used to measure the cost for the share-based portion of an award. MPP awards are generally settled in shares. Expense associated with these awards is recognized over the vesting period. In connection with these awards, we recognized expense of $5.1 million in 2023, $3.9 million in 2022 and $3.7 million in 2021. The net impact to earnings for the respective years was $4.3 million, $2.7 million, and $2.6 million. Based on current estimates of achievement of certain performance metrics, we anticipate recognizing $1.6 million of expense in 2024 and $0.5 million of expense in 2025. Restricted Stock Unit Awards Long-term restricted stock unit awards (“RSU”) were granted to executives and vest annually and settle in shares no later than 90 days after the vesting period ends. The grant date share price is the date when the award is approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and is used to measure the cost of the award. We recognized $4.2 million of expense in 2023 associated with these RSU’s which included $1.7 million as a result of accelerated vesting for the former CEO who retired during 2023. The net impact to earnings was $3.5 million. Expense recognized for RSU’s was $1.5 million in 2022 and $0.6 million in 2021, and the net impact to earnings during these respective years was $1.0 million and $0.4 million. Based on RSU’s outstanding at December 31, 2023, we expect to record approximately $1.8 million of expense in 2024 and $1.5 million of expense in 2025. In addition, during 2023, RSU awards with performance conditions were issued as special retention incentives to certain executives. The 2023 expense for these awards was $0.9 million, for which the net impact to earnings was $0.8 million. Based on awards outstanding at December 31, 2023, we expect to record approximately $2.1 million of expense in 2024. As of December 31, 2023, there were 1,631,328 shares of Company stock authorized for the payment of awards under these plans. Information with respect to these plans is presented below: (in thousands, except number of shares and weighted average grant date value per share) Shares potentially payable at January 1, 2021 Forfeitures Payments Shares accrued based on 2021 performance Shares potentially payable at December 31, 2021 Forfeitures Payments Shares accrued based on 2022 performance Shares potentially payable at December 31, 2022 Forfeitures Payments Shares accrued based on 2023 performance Shares potentially payable at December 31, 2023 112 Number of shares Weighted average grant date value per share Year-end intrinsic value 97,840 $ — (31,722) $ 41,512 $ 107,630 $ — (35,897) $ 64,208 $ 71.95 $ 7,040 66.25 78.06 75.99 $ 84.27 86.00 8,179 135,941 $ 79.11 $ 10,754 (9,035) $ (112,279) $ 124,181 $ 138,808 $ 92.02 86.35 92.52 84.41 $ 11,717 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 22. Stock-Based Compensation — (continued) Performance Phantom Stock Long-term cash retention incentives with a performance component were granted to members of management as Phantom Stock Plan ("PSP") awards. Awards under this plan vest over a 3 to 5 year period and are paid annually in cash based on current market prices of the Company’s stock. Under this program, employees may earn more or less than the target award based on the Company’s results in the year of the award. Expense recognized for this plan amounted to $7.8 million in 2023, $8.6 million in 2022, and $6.6 million in 2021. The net impact to earnings for the respective years was $5.5 million, $6.0 million, and $4.6 million. Based on awards outstanding at December 31, 2023, we expect to record approximately $12.3 million of compensation cost from 2024 to 2026. The weighted average period for recognition of that cost is approximately 2 years. Non-employee Director stock compensation The Company’s independent Directors are paid an annual retainer, of which a certain amount is required to be paid in shares. The total number of shares paid to each independent Director is determined by the share closing price on the day of the Annual Meeting at which the election of Directors occurs. This resulted in compensation expense of $1.1 million in 2023, $1.1 million in 2022, and $0.8 million in 2021 that was distributed in the form of shares. 23. Shareholders’ Equity We currently have one class of Common Stock, Class A Common Stock, with a par value of $0.001. Each share is entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to shareholders, and will receive dividends as approved by the Board of Directors. The Company's Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase shares of up to $200 million through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, and to determine the prices, times and amounts. The program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock, and it may be suspended or terminated at any time at the Company's discretion. The share repurchase program does not have an expiration date. The timing and amount of any share repurchases will be based on the Company’s liquidity, general business and market conditions, debt covenant restrictions and other factors, including alternative investment opportunities and capital structure. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has repurchased in total 1,308,003 shares for a total cost of $109.4 million. Of this, 1,022,717 shares were purchased in 2022 for $85.1 million and 285,286 shares were purchased in 2021 for $24.4 million. We are currently authorized to repurchase shares up to $90.6 million. Activity in Shareholders’ equity for 2021, 2022, and 2023 is presented below: (in thousands) Class A Common Stock Class B Common Stock Shares Amount Shares Amount Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated items of other comprehensive income Class A Treasury Stock Shares Amount Noncontrolling Interest Total Equity — 20 7 — — 39 — — — — — 1,618 $ 2 $ 433,696 $ 770,746 $ (132,408) 8,391 $ (256,009) $ 3,799 $ 819,865 — — — — — — — — — — — 118,478 2,441 153 706 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (11) 241 — 285 (24,375) 290 118,768 — — — — 2,441 153 947 (24,375) January 1, 2021 39,115 $ Net income Compensation and benefits paid or payable in shares Options exercised Shares issued to Directors' Purchase of Treasury shares (a) Dividends declared Class A Common Stock, $0.81 per share — — — — — (25,520) — — — — (25,520) 113 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 23. Shareholders’ Equity — (continued) Class B Common Stock, $0.81 per share Conversion of Class B shares to Class A shares (b) Cumulative translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Derivative valuation adjustment December 31, 2021 — — — — 1,618 2 (1,618) (2) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (647) — — — — — — — — (22,677) — 1,171 7,930 — — — — — — — — — (647) — (451) (23,128) — — 1,171 7,930 40,760 $ 41 — $ — $ 436,996 $ 863,057 $ (145,984) 8,665 $ (280,143) $ 3,638 $ 877,605 (in thousands) Class A Common Stock Class B Common Stock Shares Amount Shares Amount Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated items of other comprehensive income Class A Treasury Stock Shares Amount Noncontrolling Interest Total Equity January 1, 2022 40,760 $ — $ — $ 436,996 $ 863,057 $ (145,984) 8,665 $ (280,143) $ 3,638 $ 877,605 — 24 1 — — — — — — — 41 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 95,762 3,727 17 800 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — (13) 285 746 96,508 — — — 3,727 17 1,085 — 1,023 (85,065) — (85,065) — (27,501) — — — (40,971) — (3,491) — — — — — (27,501) 110 (40,861) — (3,491) 26,198 26,198 19,321 — — — 19,321 — — — — — — — 40,785 $ 41 — $ — $ 441,540 $ 931,318 $ (144,927) 9,675 $ (364,923) $ 4,494 $ 867,543 Net income Compensation and benefits paid or payable in shares Options exercised Shares issued to Directors' Purchase of Treasury shares (c) Dividends declared Class A Common Stock, $0.81 per share Cumulative translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Settlement of certain pension liabilities Derivative valuation adjustment December 31, 2022 114 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 23. Shareholders’ Equity — (continued) (in thousands) Class A Common Stock Class B Common Stock Shares Amount Shares Amount Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated items of other comprehensive income Class A Treasury Stock Shares Amount Noncontrolling Interest Total Equity January 1, 2023 40,785 $ Net income Compensation and benefits paid or payable in shares Shares issued to Directors' Dividends declared — 71 — 41 — — — — $ — $ 441,540 $ 931,318 $ (144,927) 9,675 $ (364,923) $ 4,494 $ 867,543 — — — — — — — 111,120 5,851 827 — — — — — — — — — (13) 258 490 111,610 — — 5,851 1,085 Class A Common Stock, $1.01 per share Initial equity related to Noncontrolling interest in Arcari Cumulative translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Derivative valuation adjustment December 31, 2023 — — — — — (31,496) — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 21,950 — — (1,563) — (8,628) — — — — — — — (31,496) 509 509 459 22,409 — — (1,563) (8,628) 40,856 $ 41 — $ — $ 448,218 $ 1,010,942 $ (133,168) 9,662 $ (364,665) $ 5,952 $ 967,320 (a) On October 25, 2021, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase shares of up to $200 million through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, and to determine the prices, times and amounts. In 2021, the Company repurchased 285,286 shares totaling $24.4 million. (b) Class B Stock had a par value of $0.001, was entitled to 10 votes on all matters submitted to shareholders, and received dividends as approved by the Board of Directors. In 2021, Standish Family Holdings, LLC executed a secondary offering of Albany shares. As a result of the offerings, 1.6 million shares of Class B Common Stock previously owned by Standish Family Holdings, LLC were converted to Class A Common Stock and then sold to third parties. Costs associated with the offering were charged directly to Standish Family Holdings, LLC. Since December 31, 2022, there were no Class B Common Stock outstanding nor will any Class B shares be issued. (c) In 2022, as part of the Share Repurchase program, the Company repurchased 1,022,717 shares totaling $85.1 million. 115 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 24. Business Combination On August 31, 2023, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Heimbach, a privately-held manufacturer of paper machine clothing with headquarters in Düren, Germany. Heimbach is a global supplier of paper machine clothing for the production of all grades of paper and cardboard on all machine types as well as high-tech textile products used in a variety of sectors, such as the food processing, chemicals, construction materials and automotive industries. Heimbach is now a division under the MC segment. The Paper Machine Clothing ("PMC") industry has attractive dynamics and the acquisition of Heimbach provides increased scale and complementary technology that further drives the MC segment's differentiated manufacturing, sales and service network. The acquisition was accounted for under the acquisition method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The acquisition was funded using cash on-hand. The following table summarizes the total consideration paid, excluding debt assumed, for the acquisition of Heimbach: (in thousands) Cash consideration Indemnity release Total consideration paid August 31, 2023 $ $ 145,816 (1,750) 144,066 The assets acquired and the liabilities assumed were recorded based on their preliminary fair values at the date of acquisition as follows: (in thousands) Assets acquired: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Inventories Property, plant and equipment Other intangible assets Other current assets Other noncurrent assets Total assets acquired Liabilities assumed: Assumed debt Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Other noncurrent liabilities Income taxes payable Deferred tax liabilities Total liabilities assumed Net assets acquired Noncontrolling interest Total consideration August 31, 2023 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 12,347 51,569 41,864 125,117 14,901 7,745 6,703 260,246 32,700 8,243 27,674 35,910 288 10,856 115,671 144,575 (509) 144,066 For the period ended December 31, 2023, the Company incurred acquisition related costs of $4.1 million. These costs are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The purchase price allocation for the acquisition was based upon a preliminary valuation and the Company’s estimates and assumptions are subject to change as the Company obtains additional information during the 116 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 24. Business Combination — (continued) measurement period. During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company identified immaterial measurement period adjustments primarily related to fair value estimates. The measurement period adjustments resulted from the refinement of inputs used to calculate the fair value of trade receivables, inventory, equipment, developed technologies, and accrued expenses based on facts and circumstances that existed as of the Acquisition Date. The Company is still completing the valuations of certain pension liabilities, which is expected to be completed during the first six months of 2024. The fair values of property, plant and equipment of $125.1 million were determined using the cost-approach because the cost-approach was considered appropriate for the valuation analysis, and because sufficient information was available for this use. Since August 31, 2023, the Company recorded $4.0 million of depreciation expense. The fair values of the identifiable intangible assets totaling $14.9 million, consisting of the Heimbach trade name and developed technology, was determined using the income approach, specifically, a relief from royalty method. The fair value of the trade name was $6.0 million and is considered an indefinite-lived asset because of Heimbach's rich brand heritage and customer service to the paper machine clothing industry dating back to 1811. The fair value of the developed technology was $8.9 million and includes intellectual property-related technologies as well as know-how developed by Heimbach and is being amortized over its economic period of benefit, which is 9 years. This amortization period represents the estimated useful life of the asset. Since August 31, 2023, the Company recorded $0.3 million of intangible amortization expense. The fair values of assets acquired included $3.4 million of operating lease right-of-use assets, as well as $3.4 million of operating lease liabilities assumed, of which $1.2 million was considered current and recorded to Accrued liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Debt assumed included $32.7 million aggregate outstanding amount of bank debt with several European financial institutions with interest rates ranging from 0.98 percent to 5.52 percent and maturity dates ranging from September 25, 2023 to June 30, 2031. Bank agreements allowed for the repayment of the debt upon demand by certain financial institutions in the event of a change in control. Some of the assumed bank debt may become due upon notification by those financial institutions before the maturity date of the bank agreements. During the fourth quarter of 2023, we repaid $18.6 million of the debt assumed. At December 31, 2023, the balance of the foreign debt was $10.9 million, of which $4.2 million was classified as Current maturities on long-term debt. The preliminary fair value of the liabilities assumed include $35.3 million of pension liabilities for various defined benefit plans. Heimbach's results of operations have been included in the Company's financial statements for the period subsequent to the completion of the acquisition on August 31, 2023. Heimbach contributed $51.2 million of revenue and a $6.3 million operating loss for the period ended December 31, 2023. Pro Forma Information (Unaudited) The following table reflects the unaudited pro forma operating results of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 which assumes the acquisition of Heimbach occurred on January 1, 2022. The pro forma results are based on assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have occurred had the acquisition of Heimbach been effective January 1, 2022, nor are they intended to be indicative of results that may occur in the future. The underlying pro forma information includes the historical results of the Company and Heimbach adjusted for 117 ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 24. Business Combination — (continued) certain items discussed below. The pro forma information does not include the effects of any synergies, cost reduction initiatives or anticipated integration costs related to the acquisition. (in thousands) Net revenues Net income attributable to the Company Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 $ $ 1,265,379 $ 109,710 $ 1,206,420 91,583 These pro forma results include adjustments such as inventory step-up, amortization of acquired intangible assets, depreciation of acquired property, plant and equipment and the adoption of U.S. accounting standards. Material pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the acquisition of Heimbach for the year ended December 31, 2022 primarily include an increase in cost of goods sold of $5.5 million related to the step-up of acquired inventory. The pro forma information for the year ended December 31, 2023 includes an increase in selling, general and administrative costs of $4.1 million for acquisition-related costs. 25. Subsequent Events We evaluated subsequent events through the issuance date of these financial statements in Form 10-K. No material subsequent events were identified that require disclosure. 118 Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures The Company, with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15) as of December 31, 2023. Such disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission's rules and forms, and to ensure that information required to be disclosed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on and as of the date of this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date. Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company’s internal control system is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate. Management, under the supervision of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and oversight of the Board of Directors, conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 using the criteria set forth by the 2013 Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO") in Internal Control – Integrated Framework. The scope of management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting excludes the operations of Heimbach, which the Company acquired through a business combination during the year ended December 31, 2023. The acquired business represented 14 percent of total consolidated assets (of which 8 percent related to property, plant, and equipment, net, and intangible assets included within the scope of the assessment) and 4 percent of total consolidated revenues included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023. Based on management’s assessment, we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective at December 31, 2023. Our independent registered accounting firm has issued a report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting which is included under Item 8. 119 Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting Management of the Company has evaluated the changes in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting during 2023. Except for the Heimbach acquisition, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our fourth fiscal quarter of 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. /s/ Gunnar Kleveland Gunnar Kleveland President and Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ Robert D. Starr Robert D. Starr Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) /s/ John J. Tedone John J. Tedone Vice President - Controller and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION Securities Trading Plans of Directors and Executive Officers During the three months ended December 31, 2023, none of our Board of Directors or Executive Officers adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of Albany International Corp. securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K. 120 PART III The information required by Items 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 is set forth under the headings below and when applicable is incorporated herein by reference to the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement (“Proxy Statement”) to be filed with the SEC within 120 days after December 31, 2023 in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the Company’s 2024 annual meeting of shareholders. Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE a) Directors. The information set out in the section captioned “Election of Directors”, will be filed within the Proxy Statement. b) Executive Officers. Information about the officers of the Company is included in Item 1, Business, in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. c) Significant Employees. Same as Executive Officers in b) above. d) Nature of any family relationship between any director, executive officer, person nominated or chosen to become a director or executive officer. The information is included in the section captioned “Certain Business Relationships and Related Person Transactions”, filed within in the Proxy Statement. e) Business experience, during the past five years, of each director, executive officer, person nominated or chosen to become director or executive officer, and significant employees. Information about the Company's Executive Officers is included in Item 1, Business, in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the information about the Company's Directors is included in the section captioned “Election of Directors” in the Proxy Statement. f) Involvement in certain legal proceedings by any director, person nominated to become a director or executive officer. The information, if any, is included in the section captioned “Election of Directors”, filed within the Proxy Statement. g) Certain promoters and control persons. None. h) Audit Committee Financial Expert. The information is included in the section captioned “Corporate Governance”, filed within the Proxy Statement. i) Code of Ethics. The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to all of its employees, directors, and officers, including the Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President- Controller and Chief Accounting Officer. A copy of the Code of Ethics is filed as Exhibit 10(p) and is available at the Corporate Governance section of the Company’s website (www.albint.com), within the investor materials section. A copy of the Code of Ethics may be obtained, without charge, by writing to: Investor Relations Department, Albany International Corp., 216 Airport Drive, Rochester, New Hampshire 03867. Any amendment to the Code of Ethics will be disclosed by posting the amended Code of Ethics on the Company’s website. Any waiver of any provision of the Code of Ethics will be disclosed by the filing of a Form 8-K. Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The information required by this item is set forth in the sections of the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement captioned “Executive Compensation Earned,” “Summary Compensation Table,” “CEO Pay Ratio,” “Grants of Plan- Based Awards,” “Outstanding Equity Awards At Fiscal Year-End,” “Option Exercises and Stock Vested,” “Pension Benefits,” “Nonqualified Deferred Compensation,” “Director Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Report,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and is incorporated herein by reference. 121 Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The information required by this item is set forth in the section captioned “Share Ownership” in the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. Equity Compensation Plan Information Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants, and rights Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants, and rights Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (a) (b) (c) — (1) — — (1) — — — 1,631,328 (2),(3),(4),(5) — 1,631,328 (2),(3),(4) Plan Category Equity compensation plans approved by security holders Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders Total _______________________ Does not include 33,051, 40,806, and 119,736 shares that may be issued pursuant to 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively, performance incentive awards granted to certain executive officers pursuant to the 2017 Incentive Plan. Such awards are not “exercisable,” but will be paid out to the recipients in accordance with their terms, subject to certain conditions. Reflects the number of shares that may be issued pursuant to future awards under the 2017 Incentive Plan and the 2023 Incentive Plan. Additional shares of Class A Common Stock are available for issuance under the 2017 Incentive Plan (see footnote 3 below). No additional shares are available under any of the stock option plans pursuant to which outstanding options were granted. 631,328 shares available for future issuance under the 2017 Incentive Plan. The 2017 Incentive Plan does not permit the Board of Directors to increase the number of shares that may be issued under the Plan without shareholder consent. Shares of Common Stock covered by awards granted under the 2017 Incentive Plan are counted as used to the extent they awards are actually earned and settled in shares, including shares withheld to satisfy tax requirement. If shares are issued subject to conditions that may result in the forfeiture, cancellation, or return of such shares to the Company, any shares forfeited, canceled, or returned shall be treated as not issued. The Plan awards (including those set forth in column (c) above) would be 631,328. 1,000,000 shares available for future issuance under the 2023 Incentive Plan. The 2017 Incentive Plan does not permit the Board of Directors to increase the number of shares that may be issued under the Plan without shareholder consent. Shares of Common Stock covered by awards granted under the 2017 Incentive Plan are counted as used to the extent the awards are actually earned and settled in shares, including shares withheld to satisfy tax requirement. If shares are issued subject to conditions that may result in the forfeiture, cancellation, or return of such shares to the Company, any shares forfeited, canceled, or returned shall be treated as not issued. No awards have yet been granted pursuant to the 2023 Incentive Plan. The Plan awards (including those set forth in column (c) above) would be 1,000,000. The Company’s independent Directors are paid an annual retainer in the aggregate dollar amount of $220,000 for service as a member of the Company’s Board of Directors (excluding additional fees for committee memberships), of which $135,000 is required to be paid in shares of Class A Common Stock. The total number of shares to be paid to each independent Director each year shall be determined by the (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 122 closing price of a share of such stock on the day of the Annual Meeting at which the election of Directors for such year occurs ("the Valuation Price"), as such Valuation Price is reported for such day in the Wall Street Journal, rounded down to the nearest whole number. Independent Directors are expected to hold shares with a value of $660,000 or three times the value of the annual retainer. Independent Directors may elect to receive, in stock, all of the retainer payable in shares of Common Stock. Beginning in 2024, the shares paid to independent Directors are paid from the pool of shares available pursuant to the 2023 Incentive Plan. Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS, RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE The information required by this item is set forth in the section captioned "Director Independence" and “Election of Directors” in the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES Our independent registered public accounting firm is KPMG LLP, Albany, NY, Auditor Firm ID: 185. The information required by this item is included in Item 2, "Ratification of Independent Auditors" in the Company’s 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. 123 Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a)(1) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PART IV See Item 8 of this Form 10-K setting forth the Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 185) and our Consolidated Financial Statements. 59 Page Number in Form 10-K (a)(2) FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS (Amounts in thousands) Column A Column B Column C Column D Column E Description Allowance for doubtful accounts Year ended December 31: 2023 2022 2021 Allowance for sales returns Year ended December 31: 2023 2022 2021 Valuation allowance deferred tax assets Year ended December 31: 2023 2022 2021 __________________________ Balance at beginning of period Charge to expense Other (a) Balance at end of the period $ 3,984 $ 640 $ 1,566 $ 3,248 5,140 1,408 (1,299) (672) (593) 6,190 3,984 3,248 $ 9,070 $ 5,499 $ (4,337) $ 10,232 9,552 9,668 6,130 6,022 (6,612) (6,138) 9,070 9,552 $ 9,786 $ (1,381) $ 1,443 $ 10,659 $ (839) $ 10,270 949 (34) (560) 9,848 9,786 10,659 (a) Amounts acquired, sold, written off, or recovered, and the effect of changes in currency translation rates, are included in Column D. 124 Incorporated by Reference Exhibit Num ber Exhibit Description Filed Herewith 3 (a) 3 (b) 4.1 4 (a) 4 (b) Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Company Bylaws of Company Description of the Company's securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Article IV of Certificate of Incorporation of Company Specimen Stock Certificate for Class A Common Stock Form 8-K 8-K 8-K 8-K S-1, No. 33-16254 Credit Agreements 10.1 10(k)(xx) 10(k)(xx) Amendment, dated as of June 23, 2023, to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of October 27, 2020, by and among Albany International Corp., Albany International Holding (Switzerland) AG, Albany International Europe GMBH, Albany International Canada Corp., the other borrowing subsidiaries party thereto, the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent. $800 million Five-Year Revolving Credit Facility Agreement among Albany International Corp., the other Borrowers named therein, the Lenders Party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, dated as of August 16, 2023. $700 Million Five-Year Revolving Credit Facility Agreement among Albany International Corp., the other Borrowers named therein, the Lenders Party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, dated as of October 27, 2020 Restricted Stock Units 10(l)(vi) 2003 Restricted Stock Unit Plan, as amended May 7, 2008 8-K 8-K 8-K 8-K Period Ending Filing Date 05/18/23 02/23/11 08/05/21 05/18/23 09/30/87 06/23/23 08/16/23 10/29/20 05/13/08 10(l)(viii) 10(l)(xi) 10(l)(xii) 10(l)(xiii) 10(l)(xiv) 10(l)(xv) Stock Options 10(m)(i) 10(m)(vii) 2011 Performance Phantom Stock Plan as adopted on May 26, 2011 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award for units granted on August 28, 2018 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award for units granted on April 1, 2019 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award for units granted on November 4, 2019 Form of 2011 Performance Stock Bonus agreement Form of 2021 Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement 1992 Stock Option Plan 1998 Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated as of August 7, 2003 10-Q 6/30/11 08/09/11 8-K 09/04/18 10-Q 3/31/19 05/01/19 10-K 10-K 8-K 8-K 12/31/19 12/31/19 02/28/20 02/28/20 02/25/21 01/18/93 10-Q 9/30/03 11/06/03 Executive Compensation 10(m)(ix) 10(m)(xvii) Form of 2011 Annual Performance Bonus Agreement 10(m)(xviii) Form of 2011 Multi-Year Performance 2011 Incentive Plan Bonus Agreement 8-K 8-K 8-K 06/01/11 03/29/11 03/29/11 125 Exhibit Description Form of 2021 Multi-year Performance Bonus Agreement Form of Special Incentive Award Agreement Form of Severance Agreement between the Company and certain corporate officers or key executives Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, adopted as of January 1, 1994, as amended and restated as of January 1, 2008 2017 Incentive Plan Form of Retention Bonus Agreement, dated January 21, 2020, between the Company and Stephen M. Nolan Form of 2021 Annual Performance Bonus Agreement 2023 Long Term Incentive Plan Directors’ Annual Retainer Plan, as amended and restated as of February 23, 2018 Code of Ethics Directors Pension Plan, amendment dated as of January 12, 2005 Form of Indemnification Agreement Employment agreement, dated January 21, 2020, between the Company and A. William Higgins Amended and restated LLC operating agreement by and between Albany Engineered Composites and Safran Aerospace Composites, Inc. 10% equity interest in ASC for $28 million Employment agreement, dated September 1, 2023, between the Company and Gunnar Kleveland Form of Special Incentive Award Agreement Statement of Computation of Earnings per share (provided in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) Subsidiaries of Company Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms Powers of Attorney Certification of Gunnar Kleveland required pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) Certification of Robert D. Starr required pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) Certification of Gunnar Kleveland and Robert D. Starr required pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) or Rule 15d-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code Incentive Compensation Recovery Policy Filed Herewith Incorporated by Reference Form 8-K 8-K 8-K 8-K Def 14A 8-K 8-K Def 14A Def 14A 10-K 8-K 8-K Period Ending Filing Date 02/25/21 06/14/23 01/04/16 01/02/08 03/29/17 01/23/20 02/25/21 03/30/23 03/28/18 03/11/04 01/13/05 04/12/06 12/31/03 10-K 12/31/19 02/28/20 10-K 12/31/13 02/26/14 8-K 8-K 10-K 10-K 10-K 10-K 08/21/23 08/21/23 12/31/23 12/31/23 02/26/24 02/26/24 12/31/23 12/31/23 02/26/24 02/26/24 10-K 12/31/23 02/26/24 10-K 12/31/23 02/26/24 10-K 10-K 12/31/23 12/31/23 02/26/24 02/26/24 X X X X X X X X Exhibit Num ber 10(m)(xix) 10(m)(xx) 10(l)(viii) 10(n)(i) 10(n)(ii) 10(n)(v) 10(n)(vi) 10(n)(vii) 10(o)(iv) 10(p) 10(q) 10(t) 10(u)(vii) 10.2 10.3 10.4 11 21 23 24 31(a) 31(b) 32(a) 97 126 The following information from the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensive Business Reporting Language), filed herewith: 101(i) 101(ii) 101(iii) 101(iv) 101(v) 101.INS 101.SCH 101.CAL 101.DEF 101.LAB 101.PRE 104 X 10-K 12/31/23 Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 12/31/23 12/31/23 10-K 10-K 12/31/23 12/31/23 10-K 10-K X X X X 2/26/24 2/26/24 2/26/24 2/26/24 2/26/24 XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101 127 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 26th day of February, 2024. SIGNATURES ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. By /s/ Robert D. Starr Robert D. Starr Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) 128 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the Company and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date * Gunnar Kleveland President and Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ Robert D. Starr Robert D. Starr Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) February 26, 2024 February 26, 2024 * John J. Tedone Vice President - Controller and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) February 26, 2024 Chairman of the Board and Director February 26, 2024 * Erland E. Kailbourne * Katharine L. Plourde * Mark J. Murphy * John R. Scannell * Kenneth W. Krueger Director Director Director Director * J. Michael McQuade Director Director Director Director * Christina M. Alvord * Russell E. Toney * A. William Higgins *By /s/ Robert D. Starr Robert D. Starr Attorney-in-fact February 26, 2024 February 26, 2024 February 26, 2024 February 26, 2024 February 26, 2024 February 26, 2024 February 26, 2024 February 26, 2024 129 CORPORATE INFORMATION Investor Relations The Company's Investor Relations Department may be contacted at: Investor Relations Department Albany International Corp. 216 Airport Drive Rochester, NH 03867 Telephone: (603) 330-5800 Fax: (603) 994-3974 E-mail: investor.relations@albint.com Transfer Agent and Registrar Computershare PO box 43078 Providence, RI 02940-3078 Telephone (toll-free): 1-877-277-9931 Web: www.computershare.com/investor Shareholder Services As an Albany International shareholder, you are invited to take advantage of our convenient shareholder services. Computershare maintains the records for our registered shareholders and can help you with a variety of shareholder-related services at no charge, including: • Change of name and/or address • Consolidation of accounts • Duplicate mailings • Dividend reinvestment enrollment • • • Lost stock certificates Transfer of stock to another person Additional administrative services Access your investor statements online 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at Investor Center. For more information, go to www.computershare.com/investor. Notice of Annual Meeting We will again hold our Annual Meeting virtually this year. The Annual Meeting of the Company’s shareholders will be held virtually on Friday, May 10, 2024 at 9:00 a.m. EDT. Access details for the virtual meeting will be published in the Company’s 2024 Proxy filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Equal Employment Opportunity Albany International, as a matter of policy, does not discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, age, physical or mental disability, or status as a disabled or Vietnam-era veteran. This policy of nondiscrimination is applicable to matters of hiring, upgrading, promotions, transfers, layoffs, terminations, rates of pay, selection for training, recruitment, and recruitment advertising. The Company maintains affirmative action programs to implement its EEO policy. 130 Trademarks and Trade Names AEROCLEAN, AEROPOINT, AEROPULSE, AIRSTRUT, ATROBELT, ATROBOND, ATROCROSS, ATROFORTE, ATROJET, ATROLINK, ATROMAXX, ATRONET, ATROPLAN, ATROSPEED, ATROTOP, CARBON-24, DEXWIN, DURAFIX, DURASPIRAL, DYNATEX, FIBRETEX, FILAWIN, HYDROCROSS, HYDROMAX, INLINE, K-COR, KRAFTEX, KRAFTLINE, NOVALACE, PACKLINE, PACKTEX, PRIMOBOND, PRIMOCROSS, PRIMOFLEX, PRIMOPLAN, PRIMOSELECT, PRINTLINE, PROLUX, PROVANTAGE, SEAMPLANE, SECOGLAZE, SECOLINK, SECOPLAN, SOFTLINE, SPIRALRUN, SPIRALTOP, SPRING, SUPRASTAT, TOPSTAT, TRANSBELT, TWINCONE, VENTABELT, WEBDOC, WEBMOVER, and X-COR are all trade names of Albany International Corp. Directors and Officers Directors Erland E. Kailbourne, Chairman Retired – Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Gunnar Kleveland President and Chief Executive Officer Fleet National Bank (New York Region) Katharine L. Plourde1,3 Former Principal and Analyst, Kenneth W. Krueger1,3 Former Interim President and Chief Executive Officer Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette, Inc. Manitowoc Company Inc. Mark J. Murphy1,3 Chief Financial Officer, Micron Technology J. Michael McQuade2,3 Strategic Advisor to the President, Carnegie Mellon University Russell E. Toney1,2 President, Nortek Air Solutions 1 Member, Audit Committee 2 Member, Compensation Committee 3 Member, Governance Committee Officers Gunnar Kleveland President and Chief Executive Officer John R. Scannell2 Retired Chief Executive Officer, Moog Inc. Christina M. Alvord1,2 Former President, Central Division, Vulcan Materials Company A. William Higgins Retired Chief Executive Officer Albany International Corp. Robert D. Starr Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Daniel A. Halftermeyer President – Machine Clothing Greg Harwell President – Albany Engineered Composites Alice McCarvill Executive Vice President - Human Resources and Chief Human Resources Officer Robert A. Hansen Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer John J. Tedone Vice President – Controller and Chief Accounting Officer Vice President – General Counsel and Secretary Joseph M. Gaug 131 SUBSIDIARIES OF REGISTRANT Affiliate Albany International Corp. AEC Advanced Programs, Inc. Albany Advanced Air Mobility, LLC Albany Aerostructures Composites, LLC Albany Engineered Composites, Inc. Albany International Holdings Two, Inc. Albany International Machine Clothing Corp. Albany International Research Co. Albany Safran Composites, LLC Brandon Drying Fabrics, Inc. Geschmay Corp. Geschmay Forming Fabrics Corp. Geschmay Wet Felts, Inc. Transglobal Enterprises, Inc. Albany Engineered Composites Ltd. Albany International Ltd. Heimbach UK Ltd. JSD Marathon Ltd. Marathon Belting Ltd. Heimbach Switzerland AG Albany International Europe GmbH Albany International Holding (Switzerland) AG Albany International AB Albany International Holding AB TvinnFast AB Heimbach Ibérica S.A.U. Albany International S.A. Pty. Ltd. Heimbach PMC Singapore Pte. Ltd. Nevo-Cloth Ltd. Albany International B.V. Albany Engineered Composites Mexico, S.de R.L. de C.V. Albany Engineered Composites Services Company, S. de R.L. de C.V. Albany International de Mexico S.A. de C.V. Albany Mexico Services, S. de R.L. de C.V. Albany Safran Composites Mexico, S. de R.L. de C.V. Albany International Korea, Inc. Albany International Japan Kabushiki Kaisha Arcari Srl Industrie Tessili Bresciane Srl Albany International Italia Srl Exhibit 21 Percent Ownership Percent Ownership Country of Incorporation Direct Indirect 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% United States United States United States United States United States United States United States United States United States United States United States United States United States United States United Kingdom United Kingdom United Kingdom United Kingdom United Kingdom Switzerland Switzerland Switzerland Sweden Sweden Sweden Spain South Africa Singapore Russia Netherlands Mexico Mexico Mexico Mexico Mexico Korea Japan Italy Italy Italy 100% 100% 100% 90% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 50% 100% 100% 100% 90% 100% 100% 85% 100% 100% Heimbach Filtration GmbH Heimbach GmbH Albany International Germany GmbH Albany International Holding MC Germany GmbH Albany Engineered Composites GmbH Albany International France, S.A.S. Albany Safran Composites, S.A.S. Heimbach Suomi Oy Albany International Oy Albany International (China) Co., Ltd. Albany International Engineered Textiles (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd. Heimbach Fabrics (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. Heimbach Chile Spa. Albany International Canada Corp. Heimbach Latinoamerica Ltda Albany International Tecidos Tecnicos Ltda. Heimbach Specialities AG Albany International Pty., Ltd. 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Germany Germany Germany Germany Germany France France Finland Finland China China China Chile Canada Brazil Brazil Belgium Australia Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Exhibit 23 We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements (Nos. 333-272391, 333-218122, 333-218121, 333-195269, 333-190774, 333-140995, 333-76078, 333-90069, 033-60767) on Form S-8 and in the registration statement (No. 333-231776) on Form S-3ASR of our reports dated February 26, 2024, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Albany International Corp. and subsidiaries and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. /s/ KPMG LLP Albany, New York February 26, 2024 Powers of Attorney Exhibit 24 I hereby constitute and appoint Gunnar Kleveland, Robert D. Starr, John J. Tedone, and Joseph M. Gaug, as my true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution, for me and in my name, in any and all capacities, to sign on my behalf the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Albany International Corp. for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, and any amendment or supplement thereto; and to file such Annual Report on Form 10-K, and any such amendment or supplement, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any other appropriate agency pursuant to applicable laws and regulations. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of February, 2024. /s/ Erland E. Kailbourne Erland E. Kailbourne Chairman of the Board and Director /s/ Robert D. Starr Robert D. Starr Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) /s/ John R. Scannell John R. Scannell Director /s/ Kenneth W. Krueger Kenneth W. Krueger Director /s/ Mark J. Murphy Mark J. Murphy Director /s/ Russell E. Toney Russell E. Toney Director /s/ Gunnar Kleveland Gunnar Kleveland President and Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ John J. Tedone John J. Tedone Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) /s/ Katharine L. Plourde Katharine L. Plourde Director /s/ J. Michael McQuade J. Michael McQuade Director /s/ Christina M. Alvord Christina M. Alvord Director Exhibit 31(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer I, Gunnar Kleveland, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Albany International Corp.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 26, 2024 By /s/ Gunnar Kleveland Gunnar Kleveland President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) Exhibit 31(b) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer I, Robert D. Starr, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-K of Albany International Corp.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 26, 2024 By /s/ Robert D. Starr Robert D. Starr Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) Exhibit 32(a) Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code) Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code), Gunnar Kleveland, the President and Chief Executive Officer, and Robert D. Starr, the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of Albany International Corp., a Delaware corporation (“the Company”), do each hereby certify, to such officer’s knowledge, that the annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 (“the Form 10-K”) of the Company fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for the period covered by the report. Dated: February 26, 2024 By /s/ Gunnar Kleveland Gunnar Kleveland President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) By /s/ Robert D. Starr Robert D. Starr Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) ALBANY INTERNATIONAL CORP. INCENTIVE COMPENSATION RECOVERY POLICY (Adopted as of August 24, 2023) Exhibit 97 Introduction The Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Albany International Corp. (the “Company”) believes that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to create and maintain a culture that emphasizes integrity and accountability and that reinforces the following compensation philosophy and objectives: • Attain, retain and motivate qualified executive managers who are important to success of • the Company with a straightforward, understandable compensation program; Provide strong financial incentives, at reasonable cost, for positive financial performance and enhanced value of a stockholders’ investment in the Company; and • Create compensation packages which provide strong incentives for long-term success and performance. The Committee has therefore adopted this policy which provides for the recoupment of certain incentive compensation (as defined below) in the event of an accounting restatement resulting from material noncompliance with financial reporting requirements under the federal securities laws (the “Policy”). This Policy is designed to comply with Section 10D of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). For purposes of this Policy, “Company” shall include any subsidiary or affiliate of the Company. Administration The Board will administer the Policy as recommended by the Audit and Compensation Committees of the Board. The Board may delegate this administrative responsibility to the Compensation Committee, in which case, any references herein to the Board shall be deemed references to the Compensation Committee. Covered Executives This Policy applies to the Company’s current and former executive officers (the “Covered Executives”), as determined by the Board in accordance with Section 10D of the Exchange Act and the listing standards of the national securities exchange on which the Company’s securities are listed, to wit: the New York Stock Exchange “NYSE”). Recoupment; Accounting Restatement The Board is authorized to recoup from all Covered Executives in the following circumstances: (1) Accounting Restatement. In the event the Company is required to prepare an accounting restatement of its financial statements due to material non-compliance, the Board may require reimbursement or forfeiture of certain Incentive Compensation, granted, paid, delivered, awarded or otherwise received by a Covered Executive. (2) Miscalculation of Performance Metric or Target. Should the Compensation Committee determine that a financial metric underlying the grant of Incentive Compensation was calculated incorrectly, whether or not the Company is required to restate its financial statements and without regard to whether such miscalculation was due to fraud or intentional misconduct, the Board may require reimbursement or forfeiture of certain Incentive Compensation granted, paid, delivered, awarded or otherwise received by a Covered Executive. Further, the Board may require the cancellation of certain unpaid or unvested Incentive Compensation based upon determination of the correct performance metric or target. (3) Detrimental Conduct. To the extent that the Board determines, in its sole discretion after following the Recovery Process set forth herein, that one or more of the Covered Executives committed one or more willful acts of material fraud or material misconduct that directly or indirectly caused a Material Adverse Effect (as defined below), the Board may require reimbursement or forfeiture of certain Incentive Compensation granted, paid, delivered, awarded or otherwise received by a Covered Executive during the three-year period following the commission of the acts of fraud or misconduct and/or occurrence of a Material Adverse Effect, in either case, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion. Such forfeiture or reimbursement shall be sought, unless it is impracticable to do so or the Board otherwise determines, in its sole discretion, that such forfeiture or recovery would not be in the best interests of the Company. “Material Adverse Effect” means any event, change, development, or occurrence, individually or together with any other event, change, development, or occurrence, that the Board determines, in its sole discretion, is materially adverse to the finances, business, condition, assets, or results of operations of the Company. In addition to Incentive Compensation, if the Board determines during the Recovery Process that one or more of the Covered Executives committed one or more willful acts of material fraud or material misconduct that directly or indirectly caused a Material Adverse Effect, the Board may require reimbursement or forfeiture of certain equity awards which vest solely based on the passage of time. Incentive Compensation For purposes of this Policy, “Incentive Compensation” means incentive compensation granted or paid during the last three completed fiscal years (subject to the limitation described under the heading “Effective Date”) including, but not limited to, annual performance bonuses (including any amounts deferred) and long-term incentive grants, including any of the following, provided that, such compensation is granted, earned or vested based wholly or in part on the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure (as defined below): ◦ Annual bonuses and other short- and long-term cash incentives; ◦ ◦ ◦ Restricted stock; Stock options; Stock appreciation rights; ◦ Restricted stock units; Performance shares; ◦ Performance units; ◦ Stock units; ◦ ◦ Any of the forms of compensation identified in the Company’s then existing stockholder- approved stock incentive plan; and ◦ Any other form of compensation designated by the Board in writing as “Incentive Compensation” subject to this Policy. In no event shall Incentive Compensation include a Covered Executive’s wages or base salary. “Financial Reporting Measures” include: ◦ Company stock price; ◦ Total stockholder return; ◦ Revenues or sales or revenue or sales growth measures; ◦ Net income or net income before taxes; ◦ EBIT, EBITDA or net operating profit after tax; ◦ Operating income, cash flow, gross profit, or gross profit return on investment; ◦ Liquidity measures such as working capital or operating cash flow, or working capital as a percentage of sales; ◦ Operational efficiency and cost of capital measures; ◦ Return measures such as return on invested capital, return on assets, return on equity, return on total capital employed, return on net assets, return on net assets employed before interest and taxes or return and growth matrix measurements; ◦ Earnings measures such as basic or diluted earnings per share; ◦ Economic value added measures; and ◦ Any other derivative or similar financial performance measurement as is listed above, whether for the Company as a whole and/or for a business segment. Excess Incentive Compensation: Amount Subject to Recovery In the case of an accounting restatement or miscalculation of a performance target or metric, the amount to be recovered will be the excess of the Incentive Compensation paid to the Covered Executive based on the erroneous data over the Incentive Compensation that would have been paid to the Covered Executive had it been based on the restated results, as reasonably determined by the Board. If the Board cannot determine the amount of excess Incentive Compensation received by the Covered Executive directly from the information in the accounting restatement, then it will make its determination based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the accounting restatement. In the case of Detrimental Conduct, the amount of Incentive Compensation to be recovered from each Covered Executive will be determined in the Board’s discretion in an amount up to but not to exceed all Incentive Compensation received by such Covered Executive during the three- year period following the commission of the acts of fraud or misconduct and occurrence of a Material Adverse Effect in either case, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion. Subject to compliance with any applicable law, the Company may effect recovery of Incentive Compensation under the Policy from any amount otherwise payable to a Covered Executive, including, if permitted by law, amounts payable to such individual under any otherwise applicable Company plan or program. Any recovery pursuant to this Policy shall be in addition to any other remedies that may be available to the Company under applicable law including, but not limited to, disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment or other services. Recovery Process The amount of the recovery pursuant to this Policy will be determined pursuant to the following process: (1) The Audit Committee of the Board will have the initial responsibility to investigate any restatement that could reasonably be expected to trigger a potential recovery of Incentive Compensation under the Policy. The Audit Committee will report its findings to the Compensation Committee of the Board and make recommendations to the Compensation Committee as to the recovery of Incentive Compensation; (2) The Compensation Committee will review the Audit Committee’s report and make a determination as to the Covered Executive(s) from whom recovery will be sought and the amount of the recovery. The Compensation Committee’s determination(s) will be reported to the Board. (3) The Board will then make a final review and determination as to the amount of the recovery, if any, and the Covered Executive(s) from whom recovery is sought. In making any determination with respect to exercise of its authority hereunder, the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, and the Board may take into account any facts, documents, statements or other evidence that it determines to be necessary or appropriate for purposes of the Policy. Without limiting the generality of the immediately preceding sentence, the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee, and the Board may take into account any and all factors that it determines to be appropriate and relevant under the circumstances, including the likelihood and costs of recovery, compliance with applicable law, the ability of the Covered Executive(s) to repay such amount, the tax consequences of the original payment and/or the recoupment to the Covered Executive(s) (including whether recoupment shall be on a pre-tax or post-tax basis) and any other potentially adverse consequences for the Company arising from seeking enforcement of the Policy. It is expected that the Board will interpret the Policy as necessary to resolve any dispute, or correct any error or ambiguity, on an individual basis. The Board shall be under no obligation to treat Covered Executive(s) in a similar manner under this Policy whether or not such Covered Executive(s) are similarly situated, or to treat similar but unrelated recovery events under this Policy in a similar manner. Any determination by the Board under this Policy shall be final, binding and conclusive on all Covered Executives. Method of Recoupment The Board will determine, in its sole discretion, the method for recouping Incentive Compensation hereunder and such method may include, to the extent permitted by applicable law and Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code, but not be limited to: (1) Reimbursement or repayment of cash Incentive Compensation previously paid; (2) Seeking recovery of any gain realized on the vesting, exercise, settlement, sale, transfer or other disposition of any equity-based awards; (3) Offsetting the recouped amount from any compensation otherwise owed by the Company to the Covered Executive; (4) Cancelling all or a portion of outstanding vested or unvested equity awards (including any related dividend amounts paid or accrued with respect to such awards); (5) Reducing the amount of any current or future compensation that may be awarded or become due and owing to the Covered Executive; and/or (6) Taking any other remedial and recovery action permitted by law, as determined by the Board, including, without limitation, requiring the return of shares or the reimbursement of any net proceeds received as a result of the sale of share. No Indemnification The Company shall not indemnity any Covered Executive against the loss of any incorrectly awarded Incentive Compensation. Interpretation The Board is authorized to interpret and construe this Policy and to make all determinations necessary, appropriate, or advisable for the administration of this Policy. It is intended that this Policy be interpreted in a manner that is consistent with the requirements of Section 10D of the Exchange Act and any applicable rules or standards adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission or any national securities exchange on which the Company’s securities are listed. If any provision of this Policy is or becomes or is deemed to be invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction or as to any Covered Executive, such provision shall be construed or deemed amended to the conform with applicable law. This Policy shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to any conflicts of law principles thereof that would require the application of the laws of another jurisdiction. Effective Date This Policy shall be effective as of the date it is adopted by the Board (the “Effective Date”) and shall apply to Incentive Compensation that is approved, awarded or granted to Covered Executives on or after that date. Amendment; Termination The Board may amend this Policy from time to time in its discretion, for any reason, and shall amend this Policy as it deems necessary to reflect the final regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 10D of the Exchange Act and to comply with any final rules or standards adopted by a national securities exchange on which the Company’s securities are listed. The Board may terminate this Policy at any time. Other Recoupment Rights The Board intends that the Policy will be applied to the fullest extent of the law. The Board may require that any employment agreement, equity award agreement, or similar agreement entered into on or after the Effective Date shall, as a condition to the grant of any benefit thereunder, require a Covered Executive to agree to abide by the terms of this Policy. Any right of recoupment under this Policy is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights of recoupment that may be available to the Company pursuant to the terms of any similar policy in any employment agreement, equity award agreement, or similar agreement and any other legal remedies available to the Company. Impracticability The Board shall recover any excess Incentive Compensation in accordance with this Policy unless such recovery would be impracticable, as determined by the Board in accordance with, if applicable, Rule 10D-1 of the Exchange Act and the listing standards of the national securities exchange on which the Company’s securities are listed. Successors This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Covered Executives and their beneficiaries, transferees, heirs, executives, administrators, or other legal representatives. PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK 216 Airport Drive, Rochester, NH 03867 USA 603 330 5850 | Fax 603 330 5800 www.albint.com investor.relations@albint.com 

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