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Alien Metals

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FY2023 Annual Report · Alien Metals
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ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CONTENTS 

Registered number: FC027089 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED  

ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 

31 DECEMBER 2023 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CONTENTS 

Company Information 

Chairman’s Report  

Directors’ Report 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities 

Corporate Governance Report 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 

Consolidated Statement of Cash flows 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

Page 

2 

3 

6 

13 

14 

21 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

Directors 

Registered Office 

Company Number 

Bankers 

Nominated and Financial Adviser 

Broker 

Company Secretary 

Independent Auditor 

Registrars 

Lawyers 

Financial PR 

Guy Robertson (Interim Executive Chairman)  
Elizabeth Henson (Senior Independent Non-Executive Director) 
Robert Mosig (Independent Non-Executive Director)  

Craigmuir Chambers 
PO Box 71 
Road Town 
Tortola 
British Virgin Islands 
VG1110 

UK FC027089 
BVI 1029783 

HSBC Bank plc 
70 Pall Mall 
London  
SW1Y 5EZ 

Strand Hanson Limited 
26 Mount Row 
London  
W1K 3SQ 

WH Ireland Limited 
24 Martin Lane 
London 
EC4R 0DR 

SGH Company Secretaries Limited 
6th Floor 
60 Gracechurch Street 
London 
EC3V 0HR 

PKF Littlejohn LLP 
15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London 
E14 4HD 

Computershare Investor Services PLC 
The Pavilions 
Bridgewater Road 
Bristol 
BS13 8AE 

Hill Dickinson LLP 
No.1 St. Paul’s Square 
Liverpool 
L3 9SJ 

Yellow Jersey PR Limited 
85 Great Portland Street 
First Floor 
London 
W1W 7LT 

2 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CHAIRMAN’S REPORT 

Dear Shareholders, 

I am pleased to present the Chairman's statement for Alien Metals Limited (the “Company”, “Alien Metals”, or “Alien”) for the 
year ended 31 December 2023. The Company made significant progress during the year, particularly on the Hancock Iron 
Ore Project, culminating in the publishing of the Development study in February 2024. 

Project updates 

Hancock Iron Ore Project: 

The 90% owned Hancock Iron Ore Project (“Hancock” or the “Project”) is located 17 kilometres (“km”) north of the regional 
iron ore mining hub of Newman, Western Australia. The geology of the area supports nearby world class iron ore mines and 
the Company has an opportunity to build on the current high confidence JORC compliant mineral resources and ore reserves 
to develop a long life, direct ship, high grade iron ore mine. 

The Project has progressed significantly during 2023 culminating in the publishing of a development study (the “Development 
Study”) in early 2024. Highlights from the Development Study include: 

•  MRE of 8.4Mt @ 60% Fe JORC Mineral Resource, including an upgraded Indicated Resource of 4.5Mt@ 60.2% Fe. 
•  Based on 8Mt of the Mineral Resource being converted to mining inventory, robust project financials of the base 

case produced the following: 

Initial development Capital Cost of A$28m 

an average annualised EBITDA of A$39m 
a pre-tax NPV10 of A$146m and a pre-tax IRR of 133% 

o 
o 
o  All in sustaining cost of US$85/t  
o  Production rate of 1.25mtpa 
o 
o  Other key highlights from the Development Study include the following:  
o  High confidence in the Capital and Operational Costs with pricing received through the Early Contractor 
involvement and Preferred Tenderer process resulting in up-to-date tendered pricing for more than 90% of 
the Capital Costs and Operational Costs. 
Initial production  plan  focussed  on current  3.9Mt mining  inventory  with  further  upside  to mine  the entire 
Mineral Resource of 8.4Mt and beyond to be realised through ongoing exploration upside. Further work 
confirmed  a  165%  increase  in  Indicated  Resources  from  2.8mt  to  4.5mt  as  part  of  an  updated  Mineral 
Resource Statement. 

o 

Ore processing will utilise a mobile dry crushing and screening plant capable of producing 1.25Mt to 1.5Mt of 100% 
fines product per annum on a single shift basis. Sprint capacity of the plant working on a double shift basis is up to 
3.0Mt per annum. 

• 

Low start-up cost of A$28m capital including: 

o  A$18.0m for main roads intersection and access to Site, 
o  A$2.5m for site establishment and pre-production capital, 
o  A$6.5m of owners costs, working capital and contingency allowances. 

•  Reduction in costs achieved through the close proximity to the Mining Hub of Newman. The proximity allows the 
Company  to  avoid  extensive  construction  capital  costs  associated  with  airstrip,  mining  camp  and  associated 
services. 

•  Provisional  export  capacity  through  the  Port  of  Port  Hedland  has  been  secured  and  remains  on  track  for  final 

approvals during the first half of 2024. 

CSA Global conducted an independent review based on existing geological information and a site visit to express an opinion 
about the Exploration Potential of the Hancock Project. Their findings included: 

• 

Tenement E47/3954: Significant exploration potential has been identified, in addition to the 8.4Mt Mineral Resource 
outside of the known Mineral Resource area. 
Tenement E47/3954: Walk up drill targets, with a potential to increase the existing Mineral Resource  

• 
•  Hancock Project Tenements E47/3954 and E47/5001: Significant strike lengths of Weeli Wolli Formation BIF and 

Boolgeeda Iron Formations identified and yet to be adequately explored. 

•  Alien  has  also  separately  completed  an  additional  internal  review  of  Project  Tenement  E47/5001,  identifying 
(interpreted from GSWA 250k mapping) significant underlying geological lithologies that are suitable hosts for iron 
ore mineralisation and exploration potential. 

•  Success through accelerating exploration activities could therefore significantly increase the existing 8.4Mt JORC 

Mineral Resources, resulting in potential for increases to planned production and mine life. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CHAIRMAN’S REPORT 

Alien plans to conduct additional exploration during 2024 to target an increase in its Mineral Resource while preparing for the 
mining development. During April 2024, the Western Australian Department of Mines granted the mining lease (M47/1633) 
for the project, giving security of tenure for a 21 year term through to 17 April 2045, and allowing for site development to 
commence in 2024, assuming the requisite funding has been secured. 

The Company continued work on multiple fronts towards putting the Project into production. 

In November, the Company signed a conditional, non-binding, Memorandum of Understanding with the Pilbara Ports Authority 
for Iron Ore exports. This would provide access to the Utah Bulk Handling Facility, with multi-user berth in Port Hedland. The 
Company  has  also  substantially  agreed  the  terms  for  a  binding  agreement,  which  would  be  subject  to  typical  regulatory 
approvals.  

The Company executed a Native Title Project Mining Agreement with the Karlka Nyiyaparli Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 
(“KNAC”). This covers the Project and associated tenements. In addition, the signing of Heritage Agreements with (KNAC) 
enabled the Western Australian Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety to grant the Miscellaneous Licence 
from the Great Northern Highway to the project.  

During the year, the Company completed infill diamond core drilling (13 holes for 1,048.9 metres) at the high grade Sirius 
Deposit in May 2023 with results released in July 2023 showing consistent grades of over 60% Fe with low levels of deleterious 
elements. These results were included in the Mineral Resource Estimates included in the Development Study.  

A Heritage Agreement with the PKKP Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC was also executed during the year for the Vivash Gorge 
Project.  This  was  done  to  facilitate  the  exploration  of  licence  E47/3071  cooperatively  with  the  Puutu  Kunti  Kurrama  and 
Pinikura people, whilst ensuring best practice protection of their cultural heritage.  

Pinderi Hills Project: 

Alien undertook a detailed review of historical data on the Elizabeth Hill mining lease during the year including site visits. The 
review supports a significant opportunity for high-grade polymetallic mineralisation. The key base metals results of this review, 
include: 
-
-
-
-

1 metre (“m”) @ 3.98% Cu, 12 troy ounces (“ozt”) Ag, 0.95% Ni from 35m in EC002
1m @ 3.5% Cu, 125ozt Ag, 0.58% Ni from 2m in UGD063
5.2m @ 2.18% Ni, 166ozt Ag, 0.76% Cu from 3m in UGD069
1.05m @ 1.90% Ni, 114ozt Ag, 1.25% Cu, from 5.05m in UGD072

Some of these results extend outside of the known mineralisation zones and support potential extensions to the silver resource 
envelope. In addition, following significant corporate activity targeting the region during the year, including the announced 
SQM and Hancock Prospecting joint $1.7 billion bid for Azure Minerals and SQM’s announced strategic joint venture with 
Novo  Resources  (ASX:NVO)  for  lithium,  the  Company  undertook  a  preliminary  review  for  lithium  prospectivity  within  the 
Pinderi Hills project which is in progress as at the date of this report.  

Alien Metals engaged consultants to review the Munni Munni PGM project during the period with a view to potential joint 
venture funding to enable the project to progress. The project area contains a historic JORC 2004 compliant resource of 24 
million tonnes  @  2.9  grams  per  tonne  (“g/t”)  PGM  and  gold  for 1.14  million  ounces  (‘moz’) palladium  (‘Pd’), 0.83 moz  Pt 
(‘platinum’), 152 thousand ounces (“koz”) Au (“gold”) and 76 koz Rh (“rhodium”). Potential exists for a much larger, high value, 
multi-commodity  resource,  many  of  which  appear  on critical  mineral  lists.  Munni  Munni  represents  one  of  the  largest 
undeveloped primary PGM Resources in Australia. Alien Metals newly appointed Board member, Robert Mosig, has intimate 
knowledge of this project and will assist in development of plans to extract value. 

Subsequent to year end, the Company through its wholly owned subsidiary Alien Metals Australia Pty Ltd, entered into a joint 
venture  with  Errawarra  Resources  Ltd  (ASX:  ERW)  in  respect  of  the  lithium  rights  on  the  Pinderi  Hills  Project. 
Errawarra  has  the  potential to earn up to a 50% interest in the lithium rights in the Project by spending up to A$4 million 
with  the  first  A$500,000  being  by  the  way  of  a  subscription  for  common  shares  in  the  capital  of  the  Company.  The 
proceeds of the subscription will be applied to general working capital purposes: 

• Stage 1: Errawarra will earn-in for a 25% participating interest in the joint venture by spending A$1m on the Project,
within 24 months of the date of entering into the Agreement; and
• Stage 2: Errawarra will earn-in for a further 25% participating interest in the joint venture by spending a further
A$2.5m on the Project , within 60 months of the date of entering into the Agreement.

At the conclusion of Stage 2, Errawarra’s interest in the Project will be 50% and from that point, the Parties will contribute 
towards any Project related expenditure on a pro-rata basis. If Errawarra does not meet the required spend (as noted above) 
in either Stage 1 or Stage 2, its interest in the joint venture will reduce proportionally. If AMA chooses not to contribute on a 
pro-rata basis following the completion of Errawarra’s Stage 2 earn in, AMA’s 50% interest will dilute on a pro rata basis, and 
in the event that AMA’s interest in the joint venture falls below 10%, its remaining holding will convert to a 2% gross revenue 
royalty. 

4 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CHAIRMAN’S REPORT 

Donovan 2 Copper-Gold Project: 

Alien Metals is taking steps to divest its projects in Mexico given the strength of its Australian based portfolio. 

Funding 

The Company raised £2 million in August 2023, issuing 1,000,000,000 shares at 0.2 pence a share. In July 2023 the Company 
executed a short-term funding facility for $1 million. $0.5 million of this facility was subsequently cancelled following the capital 
raise in August 2023. 

Subsequent to year end the Company entered into a further short term funding facility of A$2 million. This facility will meet 
short-term capital requirements and contribute towards exploration and the ongoing review of strategic funding options to 
maximise  value  for  the  Company's  shareholders  and  stakeholders,  including: Considering  various  longer -term  financing 
options,  including  continued  discussions  with  strategic  partners  regarding  offtake  funding,  debt,  equity  project  funding  in 
connection with the Hancock Project and the Pinderi Hills PGM, silver and base metals project; and actively exploring the 
potential for the sale or joint venture of non-core assets providing further funding for the Company. 

Financial Results 

Alien Metals Limited reported a loss for the twelve months ended 31 December 2023 of $3,721,000 (31 December 2022: loss 
of $2,375,000). 

Included in the 2023 financial results is non-cash share based payment expense of $216,000, a write down of the carrying 
value  of  the  Mexico  exploration  assets in  the  amount  of  $794,000,  and  the  write  down  of  other  assets  in  the  amount  of 
$140,000. 

Board Changes 

During the year Mr Guy Robertson (26 April 2023), Ms Elizabeth Henson (4 August 2023) and Mr Alwyn Vorster (4 August 
2023) were appointed to the Board. Mr Vorster resigned subsequent to year end (15 March 2024) given other commitments, 
however remains as an advisor on the Hancock project. 

Mr Robert Mosig was appointed as a director on 15 March 2024. 

Mr Daniel Smith (6 September 2023), Mr Mark Culbert (4 August 2023), Mr Jo Battershill (26 April 2023) and Mr Roderick 
McIllree (30 June 2023) resigned as directors during the year. 

Outlook 

Looking  ahead,  we  remain  focused  on  delivering  long-term  value  for  our  shareholders  by  continuing  to  advance  our 
exploration and development projects.  

We will continue to prioritise safety, sustainability, and good governance in all our operations, as we work to create value for 
all our stakeholders. 

Conclusion 

In conclusion, I would like to thank our employees, contractors, and shareholders for their continued support during the year. 
We are pleased with the progress we have made, and we look forward to updating you on our achievements in the coming 
year. 

Yours sincerely, 

Guy Robertson            
Interim Executive Chairman
 22 May 2024 

5 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The Directors present their Report, together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Independent Auditor’s Report, 
for the year ended 31 December 2023. 

Principal Activities 
The principal activity of the Group is to create and develop a multi-commodity portfolio of exploration and mining projects in 
jurisdictions with established mining communities, stable political backgrounds, and where strong operational controls can be 
assured. 

The Group’s principal activities are in the premier Pilbara mining region of Western Australia.  

Business Review 
Alien Metals’ geological team continue to assess and identify projects that fit with the Group’s strategic objectives. Wherever 
possible, the projects are acquired on a low-cost option basis whilst preliminary exploration is undertaken to assess the merits 
of further work and with clear value drivers for shareholders and stakeholders alike. 

Where preliminary studies show evidence of sufficient mineralisation, increasingly comprehensive studies and development 
will be undertaken with a view to delineating a compliant mineral resource estimate in readiness for mine development or of 
the potential sale of the asset to a producing mining company, at which time a significant premium over its acquisition and 
development cost may be justified. 

A detailed review of the business of the Group during the year and an indication of likely future developments may be found 
in the Chairman’s Report on pages 3, 4 and 5. 

Principal risks and uncertainties are discussed on pages 7 to 12. 

Results and Dividends 
The loss of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2023 amounts to $3,721,000 (31 December 2022: loss of $2,375,000).   

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend for the year (31 December 2022: Nil). 

Directors and Directors’ Interests 
The Directors who served during the year ended 31 December 2023 had the following beneficial interests in the shares of the 
Company at year end.  

31 December 2023 

31 December 2022 

Ordinary 
Shares 

Options 

Performance 
Rights 

Ordinary 
Shares 

Options 

Performance 
Rights 

Director 

A Vorster* 

12,500,000 

65,000,000 

G Robertson*** 

- 

- 

E Henson** 

8,455,722 

65,000,000 

D J Smith******* 

4,517,715 

45,000,000 

M C Culbert****** 

6,666,666 

- 

J L Battershill***** 

- 

50,000,000 

R McIllree**** 

137,404,762  230,000,000 

* Appointed 4 August 2023, resigned 15 March 2024 
** Appointed 4 August 2023 
*** Appointed 26 April 2023 
**** Appointed 7 September 2022, resigned 30 June 2023 
***** Resigned 26 April 2023 
****** Resigned 4 August 2023 
******* Resigned 6 September 2023 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

4,517,715 

57,342,509 

6,666,666 

7,500,000 

- 

50,000,000 

137,404,762 

230,000,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Further details on options can be found in Note 17 to the Financial Statements. Directors’ remuneration is disclosed in Note 
20. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Substantial shareholders 

The substantial shareholders with more than a 3% shareholding at 29 February 2024 are shown below  

Bennelong Limited 

Windfield Metals Limited 

Gilmore Capital Limited 

Key Performance Indicators (“KPIs”) 

Percentage 

7.21% 

5.92% 

4.06% 

The Board monitors the activities and performance of the Group on a regular basis. The Board uses financial indicators based 
on budget versus actual to assess the performance of the Group. The indicators set out below will be used by the Board to 
assess performance over the period. 

The three main KPIs for the Group are as follows. These allow the Board to monitor costs and plan future exploration and 
development activities: 

Cash and cash equivalents ($) 
Administrative expenses as a percentage of total assets (%) 
Exploration costs capitalised during the year ($) 

2023 
676,000 
16% 
1,708,000 

2022 
2,177,000 
13% 
3,029,000 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

Risks are formally reviewed by the Board, and appropriate processes are put in place to monitor and mitigate them. If more 
than one event occurs, it is possible that the overall effect of such events would compound the possible adverse effects on 
the Group. 

The financing, exploration, development and mining of any of the Company’s properties is subject to a number of factors 
including  the  price  of  copper,  silver,  gold,  lead,  iron  ore  and  zinc,  laws  and  regulations,  political  conditions,  currency 
fluctuations, environmental regulations, hiring and retaining qualified people and obtaining necessary services in jurisdictions 
where the Company operates. 

The Board periodically carries out robust assessments of the emerging and principal risks facing the Company including those 
that would threaten its business model, future performance, solvency or liquidity. The assessment includes a review of all 
material controls including those which are related to finance, operations and compliance. 

The Audit Committee is responsible for monitoring the effectiveness of the Company’s risk management and internal control 
systems, and reports to the Board as required. 

Alien Metals operates with a small team of key personnel and with open lines of internal communication. Where new risks 
are  identified,  they  are  reported  to  the  Company  Secretary  or  the  Board.  Where  practicable,  a  method  of  mitigation  is 
determined, and the risk together with any form of mitigation is presented to the Board for discussion. 

The following is a brief discussion of those distinctive or special characteristics of the Company’s operations and industry 
which may have a material impact or constitute risk factors in respect of the Company’s future financial performance. 

Principal risks and uncertainties 

Key risks 
Strategic risks 
Exploration 
and 
development 
and 
acquisitions 

future 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

The Group's operations are subject to all of the hazards 
and risks incidental to exploration, development and the 
production  of  minerals,  including  damage  to  life  or 
property,  environmental  damage  and  legal  liability  for 
damage, which could have a material adverse impact on 
the business and its financial performance. 

The Group may acquire additional mining concessions in 
Australia or elsewhere in the world. 

Our  mineral 
concessions  are 
evaluated  carefully  by  qualified 
geologists 
independent 
and 
advisors are engaged as and when 
appropriate. 

The  management 
has 
significant  experience  operating  in 
Australia. 

team 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Key risks 
Strategic risks 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

The  Group  may  be  unable  to  obtain  suitable  mining 
concessions at competitive prices. 

Any  exploration  programme  entails  risks  relating  to  the 
location  of  economic  ore  bodies,  the  development  of 
appropriate  metallurgical  processes, 
the  receipt  of 
necessary governmental permits and the construction of 
mining and processing facilities. 

that 

the  event 

In 
the  Group’s  portfolio  of  mining 
concessions  is  deemed  by  management  not  to  warrant 
further  exploration  and  the  Group  is  unsuccessful  in 
acquiring  suitable  new  projects,  the  Group  will  have  no 
exploration or development projects to pursue. 

No  reserves  or 
resources 

The Group has announced its maiden mining reserve and 
associated mining inventory. 

No  assurance  can  be  given  that  any  future  exploration 
programme  will  result  in  any  new  resources  and  or 
discoveries. 

The Group received an independent 
assessment of the reserve resource 
potential of the Hancock project and 
believes that there is good potential 
to  delineate  additional  mineral 
resources 
in  accordance  with 
JORC. 

Key risks 
Strategic risks 
Mineral 
concessions 
and titles risks 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

In  relation  to  exploration  and  mining  concessions  over 
which the Group holds legal rights, if the Group fails to fulfil 
the specific terms of any of its concessions or operates in 
the concession areas in a manner that violates Mexican 
or  Australian  mining  law,  regulators  may  impose  fines, 
suspend  or  revoke  the  concessions,  any  of  which  could 
have a material adverse effect on the Group's operations 
and proposed operations. 

Ownership of the mineral concessions in Mexico has been 
transferred from the Group’s former operating subsidiary 
Alien  Metals  de  Mexico  SA  de  CV  (“ASM”)  to  its  new 
operating subsidiary, Compañía Minera Estrella de Plata 
SA  de  CV  (“CMEP”).  Whilst  the  Group  has  previously 
received  legal  opinions  in  respect  of  title  of  ASM  to  its 
properties.  There  is  no  guarantee  that  the  title  to  such 
properties  will  not  be  challenged  or  impugned  by  third 
parties. The Group’s concessions could be subject to prior 
unregistered  agreements,  transfers  or  other  claims  and 
title could be affected by unidentified or unknown defects 
or  government  actions.  A  formal  legal  opinion  has  not 
been obtained as to the legal title of CMEP to the mineral 
concessions. 

The  Group’s  mineral  concessions 
have been registered in the name of 
CMEP  and  no  contest  or  objection 
was received. 

The  Group  is  aware  of  necessary 
minimum  expenditure  and  annual 
rental  obligations 
its 
exploration and mining permits and 
maintains  the  necessary  payments 
to 
and  expenditure  obligations 
negate any risk from this aspect. 

for  all 

Prior  to  entering  into  agreements 
relating 
to  mineral  concessions, 
formal searches and reviews of legal 
documentation  are  conducted  to 
provide evidence of the legal owner, 
including outsourcing of legal and/or 
tenement  due  diligence  to  legal 
practitioners. 

31  December 

At 
the 
exploration and evaluation assets in 
Mexico had been written down to nil. 

2023 

Key risks 
Financial risks 
Requirement of 
additional 
financing 

Liquidity risk 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

Failure to obtain sufficient financing for any projects would 
result in a delay or indefinite postponement of exploration, 
development or production on properties covered by the 
Group's concessions or even the loss of a concession. 

The  Group  has  an  experienced 
Board  and  management  team  with 
significant  experience  in  financing 
mining activities. 

Additional financing might not be available when needed, 
or  if  available,  the  terms  of  such  financing  might  not  be 
favourable  to  the  Group  and  could  involve  substantial 
dilution  to  shareholders.  In  the  absence  of  adequate 
funding or cost reductions, the Group may not be able to 
continue as a going concern. 
The  Group’s  approach  to  managing  liquidity  risk  is  to 
ensure that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet liabilities 

The  Group  has  been  successful  in 
raising funds in the past and it is our 
intention to raise additional funds in 
future 
the  ongoing 
to  support 
development of the business. 

The Group ensures sufficient funds 
will be available to allow it to meet its 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Key risks 
Financial risks 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

Capital 
management 
risk 

Price risk 

Foreign 
currency risk 

Credit risk 

when  due.  The  Group’s  accounts  payable  have 
contractual maturities of less than 30 days and are subject 
to normal trade terms. In the short-term, liabilities will be 
funded by cash. 

The  Group’s  objective  when  managing  capital  is  to 
safeguard  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern  and  have  access  to  adequate  funding  for  its 
exploration  and  development  projects  so  that  it  can 
provide  returns  for  shareholders  and  benefits  for  other 
stakeholders.  The  Group  manages  the  capital  structure 
and  makes adjustments in light  of changes  in  economic 
conditions  and  risk  characteristics  of  the  underlying 
assets. 

The price risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash 
flows  of  a  financial  instrument  will  fluctuate  because  of 
changes  in  market  prices,  whether  those  changes  are 
caused  by  factors  specific  to  the  individual  financial 
instrument  or  its  issuer,  or  factors  affecting  all  similar 
financial instruments in the market. 

The Group’s exploration expenditure is made in Mexican 
pesos,  Australian  dollars  or  US  dollars  and  head  office 
expenses  are  predominantly  made  in  the  UK  in  pounds 
sterling. The Group is therefore exposed to the movement 
in exchange rates for these currencies. 

At  the  year  end,  the  majority  of  the  Group’s  cash 
resources  were  held  in  GBP  and  AUD.  The  Group 
therefore also has downside exposure to any weakening 
of  GBP  and  AUD  against  the  US  dollar  as  this  would 
increase expenses in US dollar terms and accelerate the 
resources.  Any 
depletion  of 
strengthening of GBP or AUD against the US dollar would, 
however,  result  in  a  reduction  in  expenses  in  US  dollar 
terms and preserve the Group’s cash resources. 

the  Group’s  cash 

In addition, any movements in pounds sterling, Australian 
dollars or Mexican peso would affect the presentation of 
the consolidated statement of financial position when the 
net assets of the Mexican and Australian subsidiaries and 
the  parent  company  in  the  UK  are  translated  from  their 
functional currencies into US dollars. 
The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to cash and 
the financial stability of the institutions holding it. 

The  Group’s  maximum  exposure 
is 
attributable  to  cash.  The  credit  risk  on  cash  is  limited 
because the Group invests its cash in deposits with well 
capitalised financial institutions with strong credit ratings. 

to  credit  risk 

commit 

liabilities as they fall due. To achieve 
this,  cash  balances  and  cash  flow 
projections  are  reviewed  by  the 
Board on a regular basis. The Board 
will  not 
to  material 
expenditures prior to being satisfied 
that sufficient funding is available. 
In  order  to  maintain  or  adjust  the 
capital  structure,  the  Group  may 
issue  new  shares,  acquire  debt,  or 
sell  assets.  Management  regularly 
to 
flow 
reviews  cash 
determine  whether  the  Group  has 
sufficient  cash  reserves  to  meet 
future  working  capital  requirements 
and  to  take  advantage  of  business 
opportunities. 
The Group does not currently have 
any  financial  instruments  in  issue 
other 
than  share  options  and 
warrants. 

forecasts 

The  Group  does  not  hedge  its 
exposure to price risk. 
The Group does not currently hedge 
foreign exchange risk. 

There  is  not  considered  to  be  any 
material exposure in respect of other 
monetary assets and liabilities of the 
Group. 

The  Group 
deposits 
financial 
credit ratings. 

invests 

its  cash 
in 
well-capitalised 
institutions  with  strong 

with 

Investment risk  The  Group  may  from  time  to  time  hold  shares  in  other 
mining companies. There is not always a liquid market for 
the  shares  in  companies  and  it  may  not  always  be 
possible to sell such shares at the optimum time or price. 

The  Group  has  previously  been 
successful  in  realising  value  from 
investments. 

Key risks 
External risks 
Metals prices 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

The Group’s ability to obtain further financing will depend 
in part on the price of commodity prices, including copper, 
silver,  lead,  iron  ore  and  zinc,  and  the  industry’s 
perception of its future price. The Group's resources and 
financial  results  of  operations  will  also  be  affected  by 

It  is  an  accepted  risk  that  the 
Group’s 
be 
impacted by the price of metals. 

performance  will 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Key risks 
External risks 

Description of risk 

fluctuations in metal prices over which the Group has no 
control.  
A reduction in the metal prices could prevent the Group’s 
properties  from  being  economically  mined  or  result  in 
curtailment of existing production activities or result in the 
impairment  and  write-off  of  assets.  The  price  of 
commodities,  which  is  affected  by  numerous  factors 
including inflation levels, fluctuations in the US dollar and 
other  currencies,  supply  and  demand  and  political  and 
economic conditions, could have a significant influence on 
the market price of the Company’s common shares. 

Mitigating factors 

The Board and management believe 
the  price  of  precious  metals  in 
particular  will  increase  in  the  long 
term. 

The  Group  does  not  hedge  its 
exposure to metals prices. 

Key risks 
Operational risks 
Reliance 
contractors  

on 

Key personnel 

Environmental 
factors 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

The Group relies on contractors to implement exploration 
and development programmes. The failure of a contractor 
or key service provider to properly perform its services to 
the  Group  could  delay  or  inconvenience  the  Group’s 
operations  and  have  a  materially  adverse  effect  on  the 
Group. 

The Group has operated in Australia 
and  in  Zacatecas  in  Mexico,  for 
several  years  and  has  well-
trusted 
established 
relationships 
various 
contractors.  

and 
with 

The  Group’s  business  is  dependent  on  retaining  the 
services  of  a  small  number  of  key  personnel  of  the 
appropriate calibre as the business develops. The Group 
has entered into employment agreements with certain key 
managers. The success of the Group is and will continue 
to be to a significant extent, dependent on the expertise 
and experience of the directors and senior management. 
The loss of one or more of these individuals could have a 
materially adverse effect on the Group. The Group does 
not currently have any insurance in place with respect to 
key personnel. 
The  Group’s  operations  are  subject  to  environmental 
regulation  in  the  jurisdictions  in  which  it  operates.  Such 
regulation  covers  a  wide  variety  of  matters  including, 
without  limitation,  prevention  of  waste,  pollution  and 
protection  of  the  environment,  labour  regulations  and 
health and safety. The Group might also be subject under 
such regulations to clean-up costs and liability for toxic or 
hazardous substances, which might exist on or under any 
of  the  properties  covered  by  its  concessions,  or  which 
might be produced as a result of its operations. 

the  Group  does  not  comply  with  environmental 
If 
regulations  or  does  not 
impact 
statements in relation to each of its concessions, it might 
be  subject 
its  operations  might  be 
suspended,  closed  and/or  its  concessions  may  be 
revoked. 

file  environmental 

to  penalties, 

& 

The  Board  has  established  a 
Nomination 
Remuneration 
Committee  which  is  responsible  for 
considering  succession  planning 
is 
and  ensuring 
sufficient to attract and retain staff of 
the 
The 
Company  also  has  the  ability,  and 
track record, to attract new Directors 
and personnel if and when required.  

remuneration 

necessary 

calibre. 

The  Group  has  an  experienced 
Board  and  management  team  with 
an  awareness  and  knowledge  of 
these types of risk. 

to 

their  acquisition 

Concessions are evaluated carefully 
prior 
for 
environmental risks and consultants 
are  engaged  to  advise  on  specific 
risks when appropriate. 

The  Group  has  an  excellent  track 
record on environmental matters. 

Environmental  legislation  and  permit  requirements  are 
likely  to  evolve  in  a  manner  which  will  require  stricter 
standards and enforcement, increased fines and penalties 
for  non-compliance,  more  stringent  environmental 
assessments  of  proposed  projects  and  a  heightened 
degree of responsibility for companies and their directors 
and employees. 

The  Group’s  activities  could  be  subject  to  prolonged 
disruptions  due  to  weather  conditions  depending  on  the 
location of operations in which the Group has interests. 
The  Group  is  conducting  its  exploration  activities  in  the 
Zacatecas  region  of  Mexico,  and  in  Western  Australia. 
The  Group  may  be  adversely  affected  by  changes  in 
judicial,  administrative  or  other 
economic,  political, 

10 

Political risk 

believe 

Directors 

The 
the 
governments  of  Australia  and 
Mexico support the development of 
foreign 
natural 
operators. 

resources 

by 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Key risks 
Operational risks 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

from  various 

regulatory factors such as taxation in these jurisdictions, 
where the Group operates and holds its major assets.  
Mexico  may  have  a  more  volatile  political  environment 
and/or more challenging trading conditions than in some 
other parts of the world. There is no assurance that future 
political and economic conditions in Mexico will not result 
in the government of Mexico adopting different policies in 
respect of foreign development and ownership of mineral 
resources.  Any  such  changes  in  policy  may  result  in 
changes  in  laws  affecting  ownership of  assets,  taxation, 
rates  of  exchange,  environmental  protection,  labour 
relations, and repatriation of income and return of capital. 
These  changes  may  affect  both  the  Group's  ability  to 
undertake  exploration  and  development  activities  in 
respect  of  future  properties  in  the  manner  currently 
contemplated, as well as its ability to continue to explore 
and  develop  those properties,  in  respect of  which it  has 
obtained exploration and development rights to date. 
Under the mineral property concessions and certain other 
contractual agreements to which a member of the Group 
is,  or  may  in  the  future  become,  a  party,  any  such 
company is, or may become, subject to payment and other 
obligations. If such obligations are not complied with when 
due,  in  addition  to  any  other  remedies  which  may  be 
available  to  other  parties,  this  could  result  in  dilution  or 
forfeiture of interests held by such companies. 
The operations of the Group require approvals, licenses 
and  permits 
regulatory  authorities, 
governmental and otherwise. There can be no guarantee 
that  the  Group  will  be  able  to  obtain  or  maintain  all 
necessary  approvals,  licenses  and  permits  that  may  be 
required to explore and develop its various projects and/or 
commence  construction  or  operation  of  mining  facilities 
that economically justify the cost. 
The Group competes with numerous other companies and 
individuals  in  the  search  for  and  acquisition  of  mineral 
claims, leases and other mineral interests, as well as for 
the  recruitment  and  retention  of  qualified  employees. 
There  is  significant  competition  for  the  silver  and  other 
precious  metals opportunities available and,  as  a  result, 
the  Group  may  be  unable  to  acquire  further  mineral 
concessions on terms it considers acceptable. 
Certain directors and officers of the Group also serve as 
directors  and/or  officers  of  other  companies  involved  in 
mineral  exploration  and  development  and  consequently 
there  is  the  potential  for conflicts  of  interest.  The  Group 
expects  that  any  such  director  or  officer  shall  disclose 
such interest in accordance with its articles of association 
or  his  contractual  obligations  to  the  Group  and  any 
decision  made  by  any  of  such  directors  and  officers 
involving the Group will be made in accordance with their 
duties and obligations to deal fairly and in good faith with 
a  view  to  the  best  interests  of  the  Group  and  its 
shareholders. 
Alien Metals operates in an environment with work related 
hazards  and 
injuries  and  accidents.  A 
comprehensive  health  and  safety  programme  is  the 
primary means for delivering best practices in health and 
safety management. This programme is regularly required 
to  be  updated  to  incorporate  employee  suggestions, 
lessons  learned  from  past  incidents  and  new  guidelines 
related to new projects with the aim of identifying areas for 
further  improvement  of  health  and  safety  management. 
This requires continuous improvement of the health and 
safety programme.  Employee involvement is  recognised 
as  fundamental  in  recognising  and  reporting  unsafe 

risk  of 

11 

Payment 
obligations 

Regulatory 
approvals 

Competition 

Conflicts 
interest  

of 

Health 
Safety 

and 

The  Directors  have 
in  place  a 
system of internal controls to ensure 
any 
are 
complied with. 

obligations 

payment 

has 

significant 
The  Group 
experience  in  operating  in  Mexico 
and  Australia  and  believes  that  the 
Group  holds  or  will  obtain  all 
necessary  approvals,  licenses  and 
permits  under  applicable  laws  and 
regulations  in  respect  of  its  current 
projects. 
The  Group  and  its  management 
team have significant experience in 
mining  operations  in  Australia  and 
Mexico. Through its experience and 
relationships,  counterparties  may 
consider  the  Group  to  have  lower 
transaction risk than its competitors. 

The Group’s Articles of Association 
have been adopted by shareholders 
and any conflicts of interest are dealt 
with in accordance with the rules set 
out therein. 

In the event of a conflict of interests, 
the conflicted director shall not vote 
on the relevant matter. 

environmental 

The  Group  has  established  and 
published  robust  corporate  health, 
safety, 
and 
community relations policies, and at 
the  operations  level  have  put  into 
operating 
place 
procedures covering a variety of the 
Group’s  activities.  The  active 
participation  of  all  staff 
the 
development,  implementation  and 
these 
further  development  of 
procedures is actively encouraged. 

clear 

safe 

in 

 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Key risks 
Operational risks 

Description of risk 

Mitigating factors 

conditions and avoiding events that may result in injuries 
and accidents.  

Internal Controls 

The  Board  recognises  the  importance  of  both  financial  and  non-financial  controls  and  has  reviewed  the  Group’s  control 
environment and any related shortfalls during the year. Since the Group was established, the Directors are satisfied that, 
given the current size and activities of the Group, adequate internal controls have been implemented. Whilst they are aware 
that  no  system  can  provide  absolute  assurance  against  material  misstatement  or  loss,  in  light  of  the  current  activity  and 
proposed future development of the Group, continuing reviews of internal controls will be undertaken to ensure that they are 
adequate and effective. 

Going Concern 

These financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, as set out in Note 2.4. 

The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the period ending 31 May 2025, which take into account the cost and 
operational  structure  of  the  Group  and  Parent  Company,  planned  exploration  and  evaluation  expenditure,  licence 
commitments  and  working  capital  requirements.  These  forecasts  indicate  that  the  Group  and  parent  Company’s  cash 
resources are not sufficient to cover the projected expenditure for the period of 12 months from the date of approval of these 
financial  statements.  These  forecasts  indicate  that  the  Group  and  Parent  Company,  in  order  to  meet  their  operational 
objectives, and expected liabilities as they fall due, will be required to raise additional funds within the next 12 months. 

Whilst the Directors are confident that they will be able to secure the necessary funding, the current conditions do indicate 
the existence of a material uncertainty that may cast doubt regarding the applicability of the going concern assumption and 
the auditors have made reference to this in their audit report. The Directors are confident in the Company’s ability to raise 
additional funds as required, from existing and/or new investors, within the next 12 months. Thus, they continue to adopt the 
going concern basis of accounting in preparing these financial statements. The auditors make reference to going concern by 
way of a material uncertainty over the ability of the Company and the Group to fund the forecasted expenditure. 

Directors’ and Officers’ Indemnity Insurance 

During  the  financial  year,  the  Company  maintained  insurance  cover  for  its  Directors  and  Officers  under  a  Directors’  and 
Officers’ liability insurance policy. The Company has not provided any qualifying indemnity cover for the Directors.  

Provision of Information to Auditor 

So far as each of the Directors is aware at the time this report is approved: 

•
•

there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditor is unaware; and
the  Directors  have  taken  all  steps  that  they  ought  to  have  taken  to  make  themselves  aware  of  any  relevant  audit
information and to establish that the auditor is aware of that information.

Auditor 

PKF Littlejohn LLP was appointed in the current year and signified its willingness to be reappointed in office as auditor. 

This report was approved by the Board on 21 May 2024 and signed on its behalf. 

Guy Robertson                  
Interim Executive Chairman

12 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the Financial Statements in accordance with the applicable 
law and regulations including the AIM Rules for Companies. 

The Directors are required to prepare Financial Statements for each financial year. The Directors have elected to prepare the 
Group’s Financial Statements in accordance with UK-adopted International Accounting Standards. The Directors must not 
approve the Financial Statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In preparing these Financial Statements, the Directors are required 
to: 

•  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

•  make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

•  state  whether  applicable  UK-adopted  International  Accounting  Standards  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any 

material departures disclosed and explained in the Financial Statements; 

•  prepare the Financial Statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group 

will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Group’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group. They are also responsible 
for safeguarding the assets of the Group, and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and 
other irregularities. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the 
Group’s website, https://www.alienmetals.uk. The Group is compliant with AIM Rule 26 regarding the Group’s website.  

The Directors confirm that they have complied with the above requirements in preparing these Financial Statements.  

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

The  Board  recognises  the  value  and  importance  of  maintaining  the  highest  standards  of  corporate  governance  and  is 
committed  to  the  principles  and  best  practice  of  good  corporate  governance.  In  this  regard  the  Directors  have  elected  to 
comply with the 2018 UK Corporate Governance Code (“the Code”) though there are a number of provisions which the Group 
have not complied with due to it not being practical to do so, having regard to the size and stage of development of the Group. 
The Directors remuneration is disclosed in Note 19. 

Although the  Code  contains  a  set  of  five Principles  that  emphasise  the value of  good  corporate  governance  to  long  term 
sustainable success and focuses on the application of such Principles, it does not set out a rigid set of rules but instead offers 
flexibility through the application of Principles and through “comply or explain” Provisions and supporting guidance.  

The Company is small with a modest resource base. The Company has a clear mandate to optimise the allocation of limited 
resources to support its development plans. As such, the Company strives to maintain a balance between conservation of 
limited resources and maintaining robust corporate governance practices. As the Company evolves, the Board is committed 
to enhancing the Company’s corporate governance policies and practices deemed appropriate for the size and maturity of 
the organisation. 

During the year the Board underwent a number of changes. The Board currently consists of three Directors: an Executive 
Chairman,  and two  Non-Executive  Directors  (“NED”).  The  Board  considers  that  appropriate  oversight  of  the  Group’s 
provided  by  the  currently  constituted Board. The sections below set out the way in which the Group applies the Principles.  

Principle 1: Board Leadership and Company Purpose 

Alien  Metals’  objective  is  to  create  a  multi-commodity  portfolio  of  exploration  and  mining  projects  in  established  mining 
jurisdictions, stable political backgrounds and where strong operational controls can be assured. 

The Company routinely evaluates mining projects in a wide array of world-class mining jurisdictions including Mexico 
and Australia. 

Where preliminary studies evidence sufficient mineralisation, increasingly comprehensive studies will be undertaken with 
a  view to delineating a compliant mineral resource estimate in readiness for the potential sale of the asset to a producing 
mining company, at which time a significant premium over its acquisition and development cost may be justified. 

The  Executive  Director  is  responsible  for  overseeing  the  long-term  success  and  strategic  direction  of  the  Company 
in  accordance  with  the  schedule  of  matters  reserved  for  Board  decision  and  is  responsible  for  monitoring  the  activities 
of the executive management.     

The  Board  usually  meets  a  minimum  of  four  times  a  year  but  may  meet  more  frequently  on  ad-hoc  basis  as  and  when 
required.  The  Chairman  is  ultimately  responsible  for  ensuring  that  each  Board  decision  is  taken  having  sufficient 
information on and with all due discussion as is relevant to such decision. All Directors attended each meeting held during 
the year. 

The Company has effective procedures in place to monitor and deal with conflicts of interest. The Board is aware of the 
other commitments  and  interests  of  its  Directors  and  changes  to  these  commitments  and  interests  are  reported  to,  and, 
where  appropriate, agreed with the rest of the Board. 

The  Company  has  also  adopted  an  Anti-Corruption  and  Bribery  Policy  to  ensure  compliance  with  the  relevant  laws 
governing anti-corruption and anti-bribery as well as a Share Dealing Code for Directors and applicable employees to ensure 
compliance  with  AIM  Rule  21  and  the  provisions  of  the  Market  Abuse  Regulations  relating  to  dealings  in  the  Group’s 
securities. 

Provision  5  of  the  Code  recommends  that  the  Board  appoints  a  Director  from  the  workforce,  creates  a  formal 
workforce  advisory  panel  or  appoints  a  designated  Non-Executive Director  to  engage  with  the  workforce.  However,  due 
to  the  Group currently  having  a  small  number  of  employees,  the  Board  does  not  consider  this  to  be  appropriate  but  at 
such  time  as  the  size of the workforce increases, it will review the position and make any such appointments or take other 
actions it considers appropriate. 

Principle 2: Division of Responsibilities 

The  Group  has  a  schedule  of  matters  reserved  for  its  own  decision  and  two  committees  comprised  entirely  of  Non-
Executive Directors:  the  Audit  and  Risk  Committee  (the  “ARC”)  and  the  Nomination  and  Remuneration  Committee 
(the  “N&R  Committee”, each with formally delegated duties and responsibilities set out in respective Terms of Reference. 

The division of responsibilities between the Chairman and senior management is clearly defined in writing. However, 
they work closely together to ensure effective decision making and the successful delivery of the Group’s strategy. 

Each  Director  has  a  Letter  of  Appointment  or  a  Services  Agreement  in  place  to  ensure  that  they  clearly  understand 
the  requirements  of  the  role.  All  Directors  are  required  to  allocate  sufficient  time  to  the  Company  to  discharge  their 
responsibilities effectively. 

14 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Due  to  the  size  of  the  Board,  the  nomination  of  any  one  particular  director  to  act  as  a  Senior  Independent  Director,  as 
recommended by Code Provision 12, is not currently considered to be appropriate or improve the effective operation of the 
Board. However, the matter is kept under review.   

Provision 11 of the Code requires at least half the Board, excluding the Chairman, to be Non-Executive Directors whom the 
Board considers to be independent. During the year the Alien Metals Board consisted of three Non-Executive Directors – 
Daniel Smith, Mark Culbert and Jonathan Battershill – of which Mark Culbert was deemed to be independent by virtue of not 
having been granted Options in the prior year. Daniel Smith and Jonathan Battershill were not considered to be independent 
by virtue of each having been granted Options in the most recent award and as each were recompensed for the provision of 
material consultancy services to the Company outside of their respective standard remuneration as Directors.  

The change in Board during the year saw the appointment of an Executive Director, Guy Robertson, and two Non-Executive 
Directors, Alwyn Vorster and Elizabeth Henson. Subsequent to the period end, on 15 March 2024, Rob Mosig was appointed 
as a Non-Executive Director, replacing Alwyn Vorster, and Guy Robertson resumed his position as Executive Chairman on 
an interim basis. On the same date, Elizabeth Henson assumed the role of Senior Independent Non-Executive Director. 

Principle 3: Composition, Succession and Evaluation 

During the year ended 31 December 2023, the Board comprised of one Executive Director and three Non-Executive Directors. 

The Board established a N&R Committee and an ARC, each with formally delegated duties and responsibilities set out in 
respective Terms of Reference, to assist with oversight and governance.  

The Board and its advisers have significant experience in the mining sector and from that, a strong network of individuals 
working in the sector. The N&R Committee leads the process for Board appointments and is responsible for review of the 
Board size, structure and composition (both Executive and Non-Executive) including any potential new applicants to ensure 
the  Board  contains  the  right  balance  of  skills,  knowledge  and  experience  to  manage  and  grow  the  business.  The  N&R 
Committee will make recommendations to the Board on any proposed or suggested changes to the Board with a view on the 
leadership needs of the business including succession planning. 

The Board does not carry out a formal annual evaluation of its performance, its committees, the Chairman and individual 
Directors, which is contrary to the recommendation of Code Provision 21. 

However, the Chairman continuously considers the performance of the Board, its committees and of individual directors and 
provides feedback when appropriate. Similarly, the Chairman invites feedback in the same manner from the Non-Executive 
Directors and the Company Secretary. 

The Board considers the time and cost involved in carrying out a formal process, especially one that is externally facilitated, 
cannot be justified for the Company at this stage in its development. Nonetheless, the Board acknowledges the merits in 
carrying out formal Board evaluations and will monitor the continuing suitability of this stance as the Company grows in size. 

Principle 4: Audit, Risk and Internal Control 

The  ARC  is  currently  comprised  of  the  full  Board,  given  the  Company  had  only  3  Directors  at  year  end.  However,  other 
individuals such as executive management may be invited to attend all or any part of any meeting when deemed appropriate. 
The Company’s external auditors are invited to attend meetings of the Committee on a regular basis 

The ARC has responsibility for, among other things, the monitoring of the integrity of the financial statements of the Company 
and  its  Group  and  the  involvement  of  the  Group's  auditors  in  that  process.  It  focuses  in  particular  on  compliance  with 
accounting  policies  and  ensuring  that  an  effective  system  of  external  audit  and  financial  control  is  maintained,  including 
considering the scope of the annual audit and the extent of the non-audit work undertaken by external auditors and advising 
on  the  appointment  of  external  auditors.  The  ultimate  responsibility  for  reviewing  and  approving  the  annual  report  and 
accounts and the half-yearly reports remains with the Board. The Audit Committee will meet at least three times a year at the 
appropriate times in the financial reporting and audit cycle. The committee also review the emerging and principal risks of the 
business, refer to Principal Risks and Uncertainties on page 7. 

Independence of the External Auditor 

The independence of the auditor is considered by the Audit Committee each year. In assessing the auditor’s independence, 
the Audit Committee considers: 

•  Ratio of audit fees to non-audit fees 
• 
•  Whether there are any known material relationships between the Company, its directors and senior executives, and 

Length of tenure 

the audit firm, its partners, and the audit team 

•  Application of constructive challenge and professional scepticism 

Audit and non-audit fees are disclosed in the financial statements. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

The Audit Committee considers the nature and value (in the context of the audit fee) of any non-audit services on the auditor’s 
independence and is required to give its prior approval of any such non-audit services. 

Effectiveness of the external audit process 

In considering the effectiveness of the external audit process, the Audit Committee consider: 

•  Effectiveness of the audit plan, its delivery and execution 
•  Knowledge and experience of the audit team 
•  Robustness of the audit 

The Group’s external auditor is PKF Littlejohn LLP for the audit of the 31 December 2023 accounts.  

Having assessed the performance, objectivity and independence of the auditor, the Committee will be recommending the 
reappointment of PKF Littlejohn LLP as auditor to the Company at the 2024 Annual General Meeting. 

During the year to 31 December 2023, the Audit Committee considered the following key issues in relation to the Financial 
Statements: 

Issue 

•  Accounting policies 

•  Carrying value of intangibles 

•  Going concern review 

•  Review  of  audit  and  non-audit 

services and fees 

Action 
The  Committee  reviewed  and  discussed  the  significant  accounting 
policies  with  management  and  the  external  auditor  and  reached  the 
conclusion that each policy was appropriate to the Group. 
The Committee reviewed the impairment assessment report prepared by 
management and agreed that given the reasonable expectation that the 
Group  will  achieve  its  milestone  targets  in  the  near  future  that  no 
impairment  to  the  value  of  the  intangibles  was  required  as  at  31 
December 2023, other than the impairment recorded in relation to assets 
in Mexico. 
The Committee considered the ability of the Group to operate as a Going 
Concern considering cash-flow forecasts for the next 12 months. It was 
determined by the Committee that the forecasts indicate that the Group 
and  parent  Company’s  cash  resources  are  not  sufficient  to  cover  the 
projected expenditure for the period of 12 months. Notwithstanding, the 
Directors are confident in the Company’s ability to raise additional funds 
as  required,  from  existing  and/or  new  investors,  within  the  next  12 
months.  Thus,  they  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  of 
accounting preparing these financial statements. Refer to page 12 and 
note 2.4 for further information on going concern.  
The external auditor is not engaged by the Group to carry out any non-
audit  work  in  respect  of  which  it  might,  in  the  future,  be  required  to 
express an audit opinion. 
The Committee reviewed the fees charged for the provision of audit and 
non-audit  services  and  determined  that  they  were  in  line  with  fees 
charged to companies of similar size and stage of development. 
The  Committee  considered  and  was  satisfied  the  external  auditor’s 
assessment of its own independence. 

Internal audit function 

The Audit Committee considers annually whether there is a need for an internal audit function and makes a recommendation 
to the Board if a change is considered to be appropriate. The Company’s operations are small in scale, the organisational 
structure is flat, and the cost of an internal audit function is not considered to be justified at present. 

Principle 5: Remuneration 

The N&R Committee is currently comprised of the full Board, given the Company had only three Directors at year end. 

The N&R Committee recognises that an effective Board comprises a range and balance of skills, experience, knowledge, 
genders  and  independence,  with  individuals  that  are  prepared  to  challenge  each  other  whilst  working  as  a  team,  which 
requires a range of personal attributes, including character, intellect, sound judgement, honesty and courage. 

In addition, the N&R Committee is responsible for establishing a formal and transparent procedure for developing policy on 
executive remuneration and to set the remuneration packages of individual Directors. This includes agreeing with the Board 
the framework for remuneration of executive management of the Company as it is designated to consider. It is furthermore 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

responsible  for  determining  the  total  individual  remuneration  packages  of  each  Director  including,  where  appropriate, 
bonuses, incentive payments and share options. 

Provision 34 of the Code specifies that the remuneration of Non-Executive Directors should not include share options or other 
performance-related  elements.  However,  although  all  Non-Executive  Directors  have  been  granted  Options,  the  Board 
considers the quantum of Options granted to each Non-Executive Director is such that it does not impair or compromise their 
impartiality or objectivity in decision making. The independence of Non-Executive Directors is reviewed and will continue to 
be reviewed by the Board on a regular basis.     

The scale and structure of the remuneration and compensation packages for the Directors is set taking into account time 
commitment, comparatives, and risks and responsibilities, to ensure that the amount of compensation adequately reflects the 
individual’s previous performance, achievements, experience, responsibilities and the risks of the office or position held, and 
in the context of the Company’s risk profile, to ensure they do not encourage excessive risk taking. 

Remuneration Policy 

The Company’s remuneration policy is intended to support the Company’s long-term strategy and sustainable success in a 
manner consistent with the Company’s purpose and values, attracting and retaining the highest quality of directors and senior 
executives. The pay policy aligns with Provision 40 of the code and is as follows: 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 
• 
• 

remuneration of Directors is disclosed in annual accounts for clarity and to ensure transparency. 
remuneration structures are limited to salaries and options to avoid complexity and are clearly communicated by the 
Board to ensure predictability.  
align the interests of the Board and senior executives with shareholders’. 
align the interests of the workforce (including the Board and senior executives) with the Company’s purpose and 
values. 
avoid incentivising excessive risk taking by the Board and senior executives. 
be proportionate to the contribution of the individuals concerned, and; 
be sensitive to pay and employment conditions elsewhere in the group. 

The remuneration policy does not require post-employment shareholding requirements. Share options ordinarily lapse upon 
the resignation of the option holder, unless the Board determines otherwise. 

The  scale  and  structure  of  the  remuneration  and  compensation  packages  of  Directors  is  set  taking  into  account  time 
commitment,  comparatives,  risks and  responsibilities,  to  ensure  that  the  amount  of  compensation  adequately  reflects  the 
individual’s previous performance, achievements, experience, responsibilities and risks of the office or position held, and in 
the context of the Company’s risk profile, to ensure they do not encourage excessive risk taking on the part of the recipient of 
such compensation. 

As  the  Company  is  at  an  early  stage  of  development,  the  use  of  traditional  performance  standards,  such  as  corporate 
profitability,  is  not  considered  by  the  N&R  Committee  to  be  appropriate  in  the  evaluation  of  corporate  or  directors’ 
performance. Discretionary bonuses may be paid to aid staff retention and reward performance. 

The Board considers that the remuneration policy has operated as intended in terms of company performance and quantum. 

The  Company  provides  executive  directors  with  base  salaries  which  represent  their  minimum  compensation  for  services 
rendered  during  the  financial  year.  The  base  salaries  of  Directors  and  senior  executives  depend  on  the  scope  of  their 
experience, responsibilities, and performance. A description of the material terms of each director’s contract is provided under 
“Terms of Directors’ Employment, Termination and Change of Control Benefits” below. 

The N&R Committee has considered the risk implications of the Company’s compensation policies and practices and has 
concluded that there is no appreciable risk associated with such policies and practices since such policies and practices do 
not  have  the  potential  of  encouraging  an  executive  officer  or  other  applicable  individual  to  take  on  any  undue  risk  or  to 
otherwise expose the Company to inappropriate or excessive risks. Furthermore, although the Company does not have in 
place any specific prohibitions preventing executives from purchasing financial instruments, including prepaid variable forward 
contracts, equity swaps, collars, or units of exchange funds that are designed to hedge or offset a decrease in market value 
of options or other equity securities of the Company granted in compensation or held directly or indirectly, by the director, the 
Company is unaware of the purchase of any such financial instruments by any director. 

The Chair welcomes major shareholders to discuss the Company’s strategy and governance, including, on the appointment 
of key Board appointments. The Chair reports to the Board as a whole, on the views of major shareholders. 

The Company does not anticipate making any significant changes to its compensation policies and practices during 2024. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Culture and employees 

At the Company’s present stage of development, it has fewer than 10 employees and its culture therefore exists principally in 
the Boardroom and amongst any contractors. It is considered that the Board is well positioned to ensure that policy, practices 
and behaviour throughout the business is aligned with the Company’s purpose, values and strategy. In the event that the 
Board had any concerns, it would require management to take remedial action. 

The Board recognises the importance of the remuneration structure supporting its strategy and reinforcing the culture of the 
organisation. 

Board assessments 

The  Chair  continuously  considers  the  performance  of  the  Board,  its  committees  and  of  individual  directors,  and  provides 
feedback when appropriate. Similarly, the Chair invites feedback in the same manner from the Non-Executive Directors and 
the Company Secretary. The N&R Committee considers the time and cost involved in carrying out a formal process, especially 
one that is externally facilitated, cannot be justified for the Company at this stage in its development. 

The  N&R  Committee  acknowledges  the  merits  in  carrying  out  formal  Board  evaluations  and  will  monitor  the  continuing 
suitability of this stance as the Company grows in size. 

Relations with stakeholders  

The Company is committed to a continuous dialogue with shareholders as it believes that this is essential to ensure a greater 
understanding of and confidence amongst its shareholders in the medium and longer term strategy of the Group and in the 
Board’s  ability  to  oversee its  implementation. It  is  the  responsibility of  the  Board  as  a  whole  to  ensure  that  a satisfactory 
dialogue takes place. 

Whilst  the  Company  is  a  BVI  registered  company,  the  UK  Corporate  Governance  code  references  Section  172  of  the 
Companies Act 2006 which requires Directors to take into consideration the interests of stakeholders in their decision making. 
The Board is committed to understanding and engaging with all key stakeholder groups of the Company in order to maximise 
value  and  promote  long-term  Company  success  in  line  with  our  strategic  objectives.  The  Board  recognises  how  the 
Company’s activities and decisions will impact employees, those with which it has a business relationship, the community 
and environment and its reputation for high standards of business conduct. In weighing all of the relevant factors, the Board, 
acting in good faith and fairly between members, makes decisions and takes actions that it considers will best lead to the 
long-term success of the Company. 

During the year, the Board assessed its current activities between the Board and its stakeholders, which demonstrated that 
the Board actively engages with its stakeholders and takes their various objectives into consideration when making decisions. 
Specifically, actions the Board has taken to engage with its stakeholders in 2023 include: 

• 
• 
• 

• 

Attended the 2023 AGM and prepared to answer any questions raised by shareholders; 
Made presentations at conferences and published recordings and slide decks on the Company’s exploration activities; 
Evaluated  the  relationships  with  the  Company’s various  collaborators  through management  and  identified  ways  to 
strengthen relationships and arrangements with key collaborations; and 
Monitored company culture  and  engaged  with  employees on  efforts  to  continuously  improve company  culture  and 
morale. 

The Board believes that appropriate steps and considerations have been taken during the year so that each Director has an 
understanding of the various key stakeholders of the Company. The Board recognises its responsibility to consider all such 
stakeholder needs and concerns as part of its discussions, decision-making, and in the course of taking actions, and will 
continue to make stakeholder engagement a top priority in the coming years. 

The Chairman and other Directors, as appropriate, make themselves available for contact with major shareholders and other 
stakeholders in order to understand their issues and concerns. 

The Company plans to use the AGM as an opportunity to communicate with its shareholders. To ensure compliance with the 
Governance Code, the Board proposes separate resolutions for each issue, and proxy forms allow shareholders who are 
unable to attend the AGM to vote for or against or to withhold their vote on each resolution. The results of all proxy voting will 
be  published  on  the  Group’s  website  after  the  AGM.  Shareholders  who  attend  the  AGM  will  have  the  opportunity  to  ask 
questions. 

The Group’s website is the primary source of information on the Group. The website includes an overview of the activities of 
the Group and all recent Group announcements. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Going Concern 

The Directors have reviewed cash flow forecasts for the period ending 31 May 2025, which indicate that the Group and parent 
Company’s cash resources are not sufficient to cover the projected expenditure for the period of 12 months from the date of 
approval  of  these  financial  statements. The  Directors  are  confident  in  the  Company’s  ability  to  raise  additional  funds  as 
required, from existing and/or new investors, within the next 12 months. Thus, they continue to adopt the going concern basis 
of accounting preparing these financial statements 

Provisions not applied 

The Company is small with a modest resource base. The Company has a clear mandate to optimise the allocation of limited 
resources  to  support  its  development  plans.  To  ensure  the  appropriate  corporate  governance  is  applied  to  the  size  and 
maturity of the Company, there are certain provisions the group specifically does not comply with, given the size of the Group, 
as noted below: 

Employee Engagement 

Due to the Company only having a small number of employees, the Board has not appointed a director from the workforce, 
created  a  formal  workforce  advisory  panel  or  designated  a  Non-Executive D irector  to  engage  with  the  workforce.  This  is 
contrary to Code Provision 5 and is explained in the section headed “Culture and employees”. At such time as the size of the 
workforce increases, the Board will review the position and make any such appointments or take other actions it considers 
appropriate. 

Senior Independent Director 

The Board had not appointed a Senior Independent Director for the full year. This is contrary to Code provision 12. The role 
of a Senior Independent Director is to provide a sounding board for the Chair and serve as an intermediary for the other 
directors and shareholders. In addition, a senior independent director would be expected to meet the other Non-Executive 
directors  without  the  Chair  present,  to  appraise  his  performance.  Elizabeth  Henson  was  appointed  as  Senior 
Independent Non-Executive Director from 4 August 2023. 

The Company Secretary, as well as each of the Non-Executive Directors, is available as a sounding Board to the Chair and 
to serve as an intermediary for shareholders. The Company Secretary is also available to serve as an intermediary for any of 
the directors when required. Due to the size of the Board, the nomination of any one particular director to act as a Senior 
Independent Director is not currently considered to be appropriate and would not improve its effective operation. However, 
the matter is kept under review. 

Open advertising 

The Board does not always use open advertising and/or an external search consultancy for the appointment of the Chair and 
Non-Executive Directors. This is Contrary to Code Provision 20. Given the size of the Company and skills required by the 
Board it is not always possible to run an open advertising process.  

Annual evaluation of the performance of the Board 

The Board does not carry out a formal annual evaluation of its performance, its committees, the Chair and individual directors. 
This is contrary to Code Provision 21 and is explained in the section headed “Board assessments”. 

Board Committees 

The Nomination and Remuneration Committee and the Audit and Risk Committee are comprised of two independent 
directors, Ms Elizabeth Henson and Mr Robert Mosig. 

Performance related pay 

Non-Executive  Directors  participate  in  the  Company’s  share  option  plan.  This  is  contrary  to  Code  Provision  34. 
The Company’s  Non-Executive  Directors  participate  in  the  Company’s  discretionary  share  option  plan  (the  “Unapproved 
Plan”)  because  the  Board  considers  that  the  holding  of  options  helps  align  the  interests  of  the  Non-Executive 
Directors  with  shareholders  by  incentivising  their  decision  making  with  a  view  to  providing  growth  in  the  Company’s 
share  price.  The  Company’s long-term success will be dependent upon raising additional finance in future; aligning the 
interests of all directors and  senior  executives  with  shareholders  incentivises  all  concerned  to  achieve  the  best  possible 
price for such placings and to minimise undue dilution of interests. 

19 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Viability statement 

In accordance with the UK Corporate Governance Code published in July 2018, the Directors have assessed the prospects 
of the Group and concluded that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of accounting based on the amount of cash 
on hand at the end of the year and alternative funding options available at the time of publication of this report. The assessment 
of going concern is disclosed in Note 2.  

The Board’s assessment of the Group’s current position and principal risks are disclosed in the Directors’ Report on page 6. 

The  Directors  consider  that  the  Annual  Report  and  the  Financial  Statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  are  fair,  balanced,  and 
understandable  and  provide  the  information  necessary  for  the  shareholders  to  assess  the  Company’s  position  and 
performance, business model and strategy. Refer to the Statement of Directors Responsibilities on page 13. 

Elizabeth Henson 
Senior Independent Non-Executive Director 
22 May 2024 

20 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Alien Metals Limited 

Opinion  

We have audited the financial statements of Alien Metals Limited (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 31 December 2023 which 
comprise  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income,  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial  Position,  the 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity,  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Cash  Flows  and  notes  to  the  financial 
statements,  including  significant  accounting  policies.  The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  their 
preparation is applicable law and UK-adopted International Accounting Standards.  

In our opinion, the financial statements:  

• 

• 

give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 31 December 2023 and of its loss for the year then 
ended; and 
have been properly prepared in accordance with UK-adopted International Accounting Standards.  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our 
responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial 
statements  section  of  our  report.  We  are  independent  of  the  Group  in  accordance  with  the  ethical  requirements  that  are 
relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, 
and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other  ethical  responsibilities  in  accordance  with  these  requirements.  We  believe  that  the  audit 
evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Material uncertainty related to going concern 

We draw attention to note 2.4 in the financial statements, which indicates that the Group holds a cash and cash equivalents 
balance of $676,000 as at 31 December 2023 and that the Group will be required to raise further finance, equity and/or debt, 
in order to fund its forecasted expenditure over the next twelve months. As stated in note 2.4, these events or conditions, 
along with the other matters as set forth in note 2.4, indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt 
on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director’s use of the going concern basis of accounting in the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the directors’ assessment of the Group’s ability to 
continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included reviewing and challenging cashflow forecasts prepared by 
management  covering  the  12  months  from  the  approval  of  these  financial  statements  and  the  related  key  assumptions, 
confirming their  mathematical  accuracy,  ascertaining  the  Group’s current  financial position  and  cash  reserves,  discussing 
their strategies regarding future fund raises, and reviewing post year end arrangements entered into by the Group. 

In relation to the Group’s reporting on how it has applied the UK Corporate Governance Code, we have nothing material to 
add or draw attention to in relation to: 

• 

• 

the directors’ statement in the financial statements about whether the directors considered it appropriate to adopt 
the going concern basis of accounting; and 
the  directors'  identification  in  the  financial  statements  of  the  material  uncertainty  related  to  the  entity’s  ability  to 
continue  as  a  going  concern  over  a  period  of  at  least  twelve  months  from  the  date  of  approval  of  the  financial 
statements. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections 
of this report. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

Our application of materiality  

The  scope  of  our  audit  was  influenced  by  our  application  of  materiality.  The  quantitative  and  qualitative  thresholds  for 
materiality determine the scope of our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures. 

Materiality  for  the  consolidated  financial statements  was  set  at  $360,000 and  was  based  upon  2%  (2022:  1.5%)  of  gross 
assets (2022: $274,000). Performance materiality and the triviality threshold for the financial statements were set at $252,000 
and  $18,000  respectively  (2022:  $137,000  and  $13,700).  We  also  agreed  to  report  to  the  Board  of  Directors  any  other 
differences below the threshold for triviality that we believed warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. The amount was 
determined based upon where the areas of significant risk arose. Gross assets include exploration and evaluation assets 
which make up the majority of the financial statement balances and the going concern of the group is dependent on its ability 
to fund operations going forward including the valuation of its assets which represent the underlying value of the Group. 

For  each  component  in  the  scope  of  our  Group  audit,  we  allocated  a  materiality  that  was  less  than  our  overall  Group 
materiality. The range of materiality applied across group components was between $228,000 and $117,000 (2022: $185,000 
and $130,000).  

Our approach to the audit 

In designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material misstatement in the financial statements. 
In particular we looked at areas involving significant accounting estimates and judgements by the directors and considered 
future events that are inherently uncertain, such as the carrying value of exploration and evaluation assets and the fair value 
assigned to share warrants and share options issued in the year. We also addressed the risk of management override of 
internal controls, including among other matters consideration of whether there was evidence of bias that represented a risk 
of material misstatement due to fraud.  

A full scope audit was performed on the complete financial information of four of the components of the Group and a limited 
scope review was performed on the remaining three as they were assessed as insignificant. 

Of the seven reporting components of the Group, one is located in the British Virgin Islands, one is located in Mexico, two are 
located in the United Kingdom and three are located in Australia. PKF Littlejohn LLP audited the ultimate parent company, 
situated in the British Virgin Islands, and all other reporting components. The Engagement Partner conducted audit work in 
the United Kingdom but interacted regularly with the management team in the Australia during all stages of the audit and was 
responsible for the scope and direction of the audit process. This, in conjunction with additional procedures performed, gave 
us appropriate evidence for our opinion on the Group financial statements. 

Key audit matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due 
to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources 
in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of 
the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these 
matters. In addition to the matter described in the Material uncertainty related to going concern section, we have determined 
the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report. 

Key Audit Matter 

How our scope addressed this matter 

Carrying value of intangible assets (Note 8) 

The  carrying  value  of 
intangible  assets  related  to 
exploration and evaluation assets amounted to $16,593k 
as  at  31  December  2023  and  as  such,  is  material.  The 
carrying  value  of  these  assets  is  dependent  on  the 
successful  development  on  its  iron  ore  resources  in 
Western Australia.  

Our work in this area included but was not limited to: 

•  Substantive testing on additions capitalised to 

exploration and evaluation assets during the year to 
especially assess whether they are: 

Management are required to assess by reference to IFRS 
6  Exploration  and  Evaluation  Assets,  whether  there  are 
potential 
impairment  of  the  Group’s 
exploration and evaluation assets at each reporting date.  

indicators  of 

o 
o 

appropriate to capitalise; and  

are allocated to a valid legal right to 
explore which is owned by the Group. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

If  potential  indicators  of 
identified, 
management are required to perform a full assessment of 
the  recoverable  value  of  the  exploration  and  evaluation 
assets in accordance with IAS 36 Impairment of Assets.  

impairment  are 

•  Obtaining, reviewing and critically assessing 

management’s impairment assessment and obtaining 
supporting evidence for management’s key inputs and 
judgements therein; 

Given the inherent judgement involved in the assessment 
of  whether  there  are 
in 
exploration and evaluation assets, as required by IFRS 6, 
there  is  a  risk  the  carrying  amount  of  exploration  and 
evaluation assets are overstated and should be impaired. 

indications  of 

impairment 

•  Assessing whether impairment indicators exist in line 
with IFRS 6, including considering factors such as the 
licence status and its expiry date. 

•  Reviewing the licences terms to ensure that any 
minimum expenditure terms enclosed have been 
adequately met or are expected to be met over the 
licence period; 

•  Discussing with management their plans regarding 

future exploration on the licence areas; and 

•  Assessing the appropriateness of the accounting 
policies and disclosures included in the financial 
statements in accordance with IFRS 6. 

Our work found the judgements applied to assess the 
carrying value of exploration and evaluation assets to be 
reasonable. We note that the recoverability of the 
carrying value of exploration and evaluation assets is 
dependent upon the Group successfully securing 
additional funding or obtaining the financial support of a 
joint venture partner or similar.  

Other information 

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our 
auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion 
on the Group financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in 
our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information 
and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our 
knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material 
inconsistencies  or  apparent  material  misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine  whether  this  gives  rise  to  a  material 
misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a 
material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.  

We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Corporate Governance Statement  

We have reviewed the directors' statement in relation to going concern, longer-term viability and that part of the Corporate 
Governance  Statement  relating  to  the  company's  compliance  with  the  provisions  of  the  UK  Corporate  Governance  Code 
specified for our review.  

Based on the work undertaken as part of our audit, we have concluded that each of the following elements of the Corporate 
Governance Statement is materially consistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained during the audit: 

•  Directors' statement with regards the appropriateness of adopting the going concern basis of accounting and any 

material uncertainties identified set out on page 18 and 19; 

•  Directors’ explanation as to their assessment of the Group’s prospects, the period this assessment covers and why 

the period is appropriate set out on page 18 and 19; 

•  Directors’  statement  on  whether  they  have  a  reasonable  expectation  that  the  Group  will  be  able  to  continue  in 

operation and meets its liabilities set out on page 18 and 19; 

•  Directors' statement that they consider the annual report and the financial statements, taken as a whole, to be fair, 

balanced and understandable set out on page 19; 

23 

 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

•  Board’s confirmation that it has carried out a robust assessment of the emerging and principal risks set out on page 

15; 
The section of the annual report that describes the review of effectiveness of risk management and internal control 
systems set out on page 15; and 
The section describing the work of the audit committee set out on page 15 and 16. 

• 

• 

Responsibilities of directors  

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the 
financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors 
determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether 
due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going 
concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless 
the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance 
is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a 
material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually 
or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of 
these financial statements. 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with 
our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to 
which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

•  We obtained an understanding of the Group and the sector in which it operates to identify laws and regulations that 
could reasonably be expected to have a direct effect on the financial statements. We obtained our understanding in 
this regard through discussions with management and independent research. 

•  We determined the principal laws and regulations relevant to the Group in this regard to be those arising from the 
British  Virgin  Islands  (“BVI”)  Business  Companies  Act,  AIM  Rules,  local  tax  legislation  and  local  environmental, 
employment and health and safety laws. 

•  We designed our audit procedures to ensure the audit team considered whether there were any indications of non-
compliance by the Group with those laws and regulations. These procedures included, but were not limited to: 

o  Discussions with management regarding compliance with laws and regulations by the Group; 
o  Reviewing of Board meeting minutes; and 
o  Reviewing of regulatory news announcements. 

•  We  also  identified the  risks  of  material misstatement  of  the financial statements  due  to  fraud.  We  considered,  in 
addition to the non-rebuttable presumption of a risk of fraud arising from management override of controls, that there 
was potential for management bias in relation to the carrying value of intangible assets and the accounting for asset 
acquisitions.  We  addressed  these  risks  by  challenging  the  assumptions  and  judgements  made  by  management 
when auditing these significant accounting estimates (see the Key Audit Matters section of our report).  

•  As in all of our audits, we addressed the risk of fraud arising from management override of controls by performing 
audit procedures which included, but were not limited to: the testing of journals; reviewing accounting estimates for 
evidence of bias; and evaluating the business rationale of any significant transactions that are unusual or outside 
the normal course of business. 

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading 
to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that 
compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we 
will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring 
due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation. 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  financial  statements  is  located  on  the  Financial  Reporting 
Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

24 

 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with our engagement letter dated 28 March 
2023. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required 
to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or 
assume responsibility to anyone, other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this 
report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Alistair Roberts (Engagement Partner)  
For and on behalf of PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Statutory Auditor 

22 May 2024 

15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 4HD 

25 

ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
Year ended 31 December 2023 

Continuing Operations 

Administration expenses 
Other losses  
Other gains 

Operating loss  

Finance costs 

Finance income 

Loss for the year before taxation 

Income tax 

Loss for the year 

Loss attributable to: 

- 

owners of the Parent 

Other Comprehensive Income: 

Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss 

Exchange differences recognised directly in equity 

Total Comprehensive Income 

Attributable to: 

-  owners of the Parent 

Total Comprehensive Income 

- 

Total comprehensive income attributable to continuing 
operations 

Note 

6 
6 
6 

18 

18 

7 

Group 

Year ended 31 
December 2023 

                     $ 

(2,712,000) 

(1,153,000) 
178,000 

Year ended 31 
December 2022 

                     $ 

(2,352,000) 

(30,000) 
- 

(3,687,000) 

(2,382,000) 

(42,000) 

8,000 

- 

7,000 

(3,721,000) 

(2,375,000) 

- 

- 

(3,721,000) 

(2,375,000) 

(3,721,000) 

(2,375,000) 

(3,721,000) 

(2,375,000) 

(415,000) 

(1,531,000) 

(415,000) 

(1,531,000) 

(415,000) 

(1,531,000) 

(415,000) 

(1,531,000) 

Total comprehensive loss for the year attributable to equity 
shareholders of the parent 

(4,136,000) 

(3,906,000) 

Earnings/(loss) per share (cents) from continuing operations 
attributable to owners of the Parent – Basic & Diluted 

21 

(0.065) 

(0.050) 

The Notes on pages 30 to 49 form part of these Financial Statements.

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 
REGISTERED NUMBER: FC027089 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
As at 31 December 2023 

Non-Current Assets 

Intangible assets  
Assets under construction 

Plant and equipment 
Right of use asset 

Total Non-current assets 

Current Assets 

Trade and other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total Current Assets 

Total Assets 

Current Liabilities 

Trade and other payables 

Lease liability 

Convertible note 

Total Current Liabilities 

Total Liabilities 

Net Assets 

Equity attributable to owners of the Parent 

Share capital 

Warrant reserve 

Share-based payment reserve 

Foreign exchange translation reserve 

Accumulated losses 

Total Equity 

Note 

Group 

2023 

$ 

2022 

$ 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

10 

14 

15 

16 

16 

16 

16,593,000 

15,639,000 

455,000 
10,000 
24,000 

455,000 
- 
17,000 

17,082,000 

16,111,000 

261,000 

676,000 

937,000 

318,000 

2,177,000 

2,495,000 

18,019,000 

18,606,000 

726,000 

26,000 

571,000 

1,323,000 

1,323,000 

446,000 

17,000 

- 

463,000 

463,000 

16,696,000 

18,143,000 

82,097,000 

79,586,000 

834,000 

854,000 

279,000 

739,000 

771,000 

694,000 

(67,368,000) 

(63,647,000) 

16,696,000 

18,143,000 

The Financial Statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 20 May 2024 and were signed 
on its behalf by: 

Guy Robertson 
Executive Chairman  

The Notes on pages 30 to 49 form part of these Financial Statements. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Share 
capital 

$ 

Warrant 
reserve 

$ 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserve 

$ 

Foreign 
exchange 
translation 
reserve 

$ 

Retained 
losses  

$ 

Total equity 

$ 

As at 1 January 2022 

70,422,000 

865,000 

1,179,000 

2,225,000 

(62,420,000) 

12,271,000 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

Exchange differences recognised 
directly in equity 

Total comprehensive income for 
the year 

Transactions with owners 
Issue of ordinary shares 

Cost of capital 

- 

- 

- 

9,365,000 

(141,000) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Share based payment charge 

(60,000) 

422,000 

Exercise of options & warrants 

Expiry of warrants & options 

Expiry of options in prior year 

- 

- 

- 

(437,000) 

(111,000) 

Total transactions with owners 

9,164,000 

(126,000) 

(408,000) 

- 

(575,000) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

192,000 

(17,000) 

(8,000) 

- 

(2,375,000) 

(2,375,000) 

(1,531,000) 

- 

(1,531,000) 

(1,531,000) 

(2,375,000) 

(3,906,000) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,365,000 

(141,000) 

554,000 

454,000 

119,000 

575,000 

- 

- 

- 

1,148,000 

9,778,000 

As at 31 December 2022 

79,586,000 

739,000 

771,000 

694,000 

(63,647,000) 

18,143,000 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive income 

Exchange differences recognised 
directly in equity 

Total comprehensive income for 
the year 

Transactions with owners 
Issue of ordinary shares 

Cost of capital 

- 

- 

- 

2,606,000  

 (128,000) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Share based payment charge 

-    

95,000 

Exercise of options & warrants 

 33,000  

- 

121,000 

(38,000) 

Total transactions with owners 

2,511,000 

95,000 

83,000 

- 

(3,721,000) 

(3,721,000) 

(415,000) 

- 

(415,000) 

(415,000) 

(3,721,000) 

(4,136,000) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,606,000 

(128,000) 

216,000 

(5,000) 

2,689,000 

As at 31 December 2023 

82,097,000  

    834,000 

       854,000 

      279,000  

   (67,368,000) 

    16,696,000 

The Notes on pages 30 to 51 form part of these Financial Statements

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss before taxation from continuing operations 

Adjustments for: 

Share based payments 

Impairment – Exploration and evaluation 

Impairment – Other 
Loss on initial recognition of convertible note 

Other gains 

Exchange difference 

Finance charges 

Depreciation and amortisation 
Increase in trade and other receivables 
Decrease in trade and other payables 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Acquisition of intangibles   

Additions of intangibles 

Expenditure on plant and equipment 

Expenditure on assets under construction 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of shares 

Cost of share issue 

Proceeds from convertible note 

Lease payments 

Net cash generated from financing activities 

Note 

Group 

2023 

$ 

2022 

$ 

(3,721,000) 

(2,375,000) 

17 

6,8 

6 

6 

6 

6 

8 

8 

9 

15 

15 

14 

10 

216,000 

794,000 

140,000 

198,000 

(169,000) 

(379,000) 

- 

52,000 

(94,000) 
(242,000) 

192,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(42,000) 

(7,000) 

102,000 

(53,000) 
(209,000) 

(3,205,000) 

(2,392,000) 

(21,000) 

(1,708,000) 

(10,000) 

(432,000) 

(3,029,000) 

- 

- 

(164,000) 

(1,739,000) 

(3,625,000) 

2,639,000 

(128,000) 

500,000 

(46,000) 

2,965,000 

2,452,000 

(141,000) 

- 

(102,000) 

2,209,000 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 

(1,979,000) 

(3,808,000) 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on translation 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

12 

2,177,000 

478,000 

676,000 

6,431,000 

(446,000) 

2,177,000 

Major non-cash transactions 

During the year, shares based payment expenses of $216,000 relating to the issue of options and warrants were recorded. 

During the year, an impairment of $794,000 related to exploration and evaluation assets in Mexico was recorded. During the 
year, an impairment of $140,000 related to other net assets recorded in Mexico was recorded.  

During the year, a gain on derivative liability of $131,000 was recorded in other gains which represented the change in value 
of the option for the convertible note to be settled in shares of the Company. A further $38,000 was recorded as a write-back 
of a deferred tax liability.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

1.  General Information 

The principal activity of Alien Metals Limited (“the Company”) and its subsidiaries (together “the Group”) is the acquisition and 
development of mineral resource assets. 

The Company’s shares are traded on AIM, a market operated by the London Stock Exchange. The Company is incorporated 
in the British Virgin Islands and domiciled in the United Kingdom.  

The address of its registered office is Craigmuir Chambers, PO Box 71, Road Town, Tortola, BVI. 

2.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these Financial Statements are set out below. These policies 
have been consistently applied to all the periods presented, unless otherwise stated. 

2.1  Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements 

The Group Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards. 
The Group Financial Statements have also been prepared under the historical cost convention, except as modified for assets 
and liabilities recognised at fair value on an asset acquisition. 

The Financial Statements are presented in US dollars rounded to the nearest thousand. 

The preparation of Financial Statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It 
also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Accounting Policies. The areas involving 
a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the Group and 
Company Financial Statements are disclosed in Note 4. 

2.2  Changes in Accounting Policy and Disclosures 

(a) New and amended standards adopted by the Group 

The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) issued various amendments and revisions to International Financial 
Reporting Standards and IFRIC interpretations. The amendments and revisions applicable for the period ended 31 December 
2023 did not result in any material changes to the financial statements of the Group. 

b) New standards, amendments and interpretations in issue but not yet effective or not yet endorsed and not early adopted  

Standards, amendments and interpretations that are not yet effective and have not been early adopted are as follows:  

Standard   
IAS 1 (Amendments) 
IAS 1 (Amendments) 

IFRS 16 (Amendments) 

Impact on initial application 
Classification of liabilities as current or non-current 
Presentation of Financial Statements: Non-current 
liabilities with covenants 
Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback 

Effective date 
1 January 2024 
1 January 2024 

1 January 2024 

None are expected to have a material effect on the Group Financial Statements.  

2.3  Basis of Consolidation 

The Group Financial Statements consolidate the Financial Statements of Alien Metals Limited and the Financial Statements 
of all of its subsidiary undertakings made up to 31 December 2023. 

Subsidiaries are entities over which the Group has control. The Group controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or 
has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power 
over the entity. Where an entity does not have returns, the Group’s power over the investee is assessed as to whether control 
is held. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated 
from the date that control ceases.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Below is a summary of subsidiaries of the Group: 

Name of subsidiary 

Place of 
business 

Parent company 

Share capital 
held 

Principal activities 

Arian Silver Corporation (UK) Ltd 

Arian Silver (Holdings) Limited 

England and 
Wales 

England and 
Wales 

A.C.N. 643 478 371 Pty Ltd 

Australia 

Iron Ore Company of Australia Pty 
Ltd 

Australia 

Alien Metals Australia Pty Ltd 

Australia 

Mallina Exploration Pty Ltd 

Australia 

Compañía Minera Estrella de Plata 
S.A. de C.V. 

Mexico 

Alien Metals 
Limited 

Alien Metals 
Limited 

Alien Metals 
Limited 

Alien Metals 
Limited 

Alien Metals 
Limited 

Alien Metals 
Limited 

Alien Metals 
Limited 

100% 

Holding 

100% 

Holding 

100% 

Exploration 

100% 

Exploration 

100% 

Exploration 

100% 

Exploration 

100% 

Exploration 

Inter-company transactions, balances, income and expenses on transactions between group companies are eliminated on 
consolidation. Profits and losses resulting from intercompany transactions that are recognised in assets are also eliminated. 
Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by 
the Group.  

2.4  Going Concern 

These financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis. The Group’s business activities, together with 
the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and position are set out in the Chairman’s Statement and the 
Strategic Report. 

As at 31 December 2023, the Group had cash and cash equivalents of $676,000. The Directors have prepared cash flow 
forecasts to 31 May 2025 which take account of the cost and operational structure of the Group, planned exploration and 
evaluation expenditure, licence commitments and working capital requirements. These forecasts indicate that the Group’s 
cash resources are not sufficient to cover the projected expenditure for the period for a period of 12 months from the date of 
approval of these financial statements.  

In common with many exploration and evaluation entities, the Company will need to raise further funds within the next 12 
months  in  order  to  meet  its  expected  liabilities  as  they  fall  due  and  progress  the  Group  into  construction  and  eventual 
production of revenues. The Directors are confident in the Company’s ability to raise additional funds as required, from existing 
and/or new investors, within the next 12 months.  

Given  the  Group’s  current  cash  position  and  its  demonstrated  ability  to  raise  capital,  the  Directors  have  a  reasonable 
expectation  that  the  Group  and  Parent  Company  has  adequate  resources  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the 
foreseeable future. 

Notwithstanding the above, these circumstances indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on 
the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern and, therefore, that the Group and Parent Company may be unable to 
realise their assets or settle their liabilities in the ordinary course of business. As a result of their review, and despite the 
aforementioned material uncertainty, the Directors have confidence in the Group and Parent Company’s forecasts and have 
a reasonable expectation that the Group will continue in operational existence for the going concern assessment period and 
have  therefore  used  the  going  concern  basis  in  preparing  these  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  auditors  make 
reference to going concern by way of a material uncertainty in their report. 

2.5  Segment Reporting 

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-
maker. The chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the 
operating segments, has been identified as the Board of Directors that makes strategic decisions.  

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Segment results, include items directly attributable to a segment as well as those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis. 
The Board of Directors considers there to be only one operating segment during the year, the exploration, development and 
exploitation of mineral resources, and three geographical segments, being Mexico, Australia and United Kingdom. 

2.6  Foreign Currencies  

(a) Functional and presentation currency 

Items included in the Financial Statements of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic 
environment  in  which  the  entity  operates  (the  ‘functional  currency’).  The  functional  currency  of  the  Company  is  Pounds 
Sterling, the functional currency of the Australian subsidiaries is Australian Dollars and Mexican subsidiary Mexican pesos. 
The Financial Statements are presented in US dollars, rounded to the nearest thousand. 

(b) Transactions and balances 

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of 
the  transactions  or  valuation  where  such  items  are  re-measured.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the 
settlement  of  such  transactions  and  from  the  translation  at  year-end  exchange  rates  of  monetary  assets  and  liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

(c) Group companies 

The results and financial position of all the Group’s entities (none of which has the currency of a hyperinflationary economy) 
that  have  a  functional  currency  different  from  the  presentation  currency  are  translated  into  the  presentation  currency  as 
follows: 
• 

 assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date 
of that statement of financial position; 

• 

• 

 income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive income presented are translated at average exchange 
rates (unless this average is not a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the 
transaction dates, in which case income and expenses are translated at the dates of the transactions); and 

 all resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income where material. 

On consolidation, exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign entities, and of monetary 
items receivable from foreign subsidiaries for which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future, 
are taken to other comprehensive income. When a foreign operation is sold, such exchange differences are recognised in the 
income statement as part of the gain or loss on sale. 

2.7  Intangible Assets 

Exploration and evaluation assets 

The  Group  recognises  expenditure  as  exploration  and  evaluation  assets  when  it  determines  that  those  assets  will  be 
successful in finding specific mineral resources. Expenditure included in the initial measurement of exploration and evaluation 
assets and which are classified as intangible assets relate to the acquisition of rights to explore, topographical, geological, 
geochemical  and  geophysical  studies,  exploratory  drilling,  trenching,  sampling  and  activities  to  evaluate  the  technical 
feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource. Capitalisation of pre-production expenditure ceases when 
the mining property is capable of commercial production. 

Exploration and evaluation assets are recorded and held at cost 

Exploration and evaluation assets are not subject to amortisation but are assessed annually for impairment. The assessment 
is carried out by allocating exploration and evaluation assets to cash generating units (“CGU’s”), which are based on specific 
projects or  geographical  areas.  The  CGU’s  are  then assessed  for  impairment  using a  variety  of methods including those 
specified in IFRS 6.  

Whenever the exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources in cash generating units does not lead to the discovery of 
commercially viable quantities of mineral resources and the Group has decided to discontinue such activities of that unit, the 
associated expenditures are written off to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 
Exploration and evaluation assets recorded at fair-value on acquisition 

Exploration assets which are acquired are recognised at fair value. When an acquisition of an entity whose only significant 
assets are its exploration asset and/or rights to explore, the Directors consider that the fair value of the exploration assets is 
equal to the consideration. Any excess of the consideration over the capitalised exploration asset is attributed to the fair value 
of the exploration asset.  

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

During the year, the Company completed one acquisition which has been treated as an asset acquisition. Per IFRS 3, an 
entity shall determine whether a transaction or other event is a business combination by applying the definition in this IFRS, 
which  requires  that  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  constitute  a business. If  the  assets  acquired  are  not  a 
business, the reporting entity shall account for the transaction or other event as an asset acquisition. As the acquisitions were 
not considered to meet the definition of a business combination under IFRS 3, the Group Financial Statements are prepared 
as though the group has acquired an asset. The fair value of the assets were determined by management and the assets 
were classified as intangible assets given that they represent exploration and evaluation assets. 

2.8  Investment in Subsidiaries 

Investments in Group undertakings are stated at cost, which is the fair value of the consideration paid, less any impairment 
provision. 

2.9  Assets Under Construction 

Assets under construction are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. 
Assets under construction are not depreciated until they are completed and brought into use.  

All assets are subject to annual impairment reviews. An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable 
amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount. 

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when 
it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be 
measured  reliably.  The  carrying  amount  of  the  replacement  part  is  derecognised.  All  other  repairs  and  maintenance  are 
charged to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income during the financial period in which they are incurred. 

The asset’s residual value and useful economic lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting 
period. 

Gains and losses on disposal are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised within 
‘Other net gains / (losses)’ in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.  

2.10  Right of Use Assets and Leases 

The Group leases certain property, plant and equipment.  

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid. Lease payments generally 
include fixed payments less any lease incentives receivable. The lease liability is discounted using the interest rate implicit in 
the  lease  or, if  that  rate  cannot  be  readily  determined,  the Group’s  incremental borrowing  rate.  The  Group  estimates  the 
incremental borrowing  rate  based  on  the lease  term, collateral  assumptions,  and  the economic  environment in  which  the 
lease is denominated. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The 
lease liability is remeasured when the expected lease payments change as a result of new assessments of contractual options 
and residual value guarantees.  

The  right-of-use  asset  is  recognised  at  the  present value  of  the  liability  at  the  commencement  date  of  the  lease less any 
incentives  received  from  the  lessor.  Added  to  the  right-of-use  asset  are  initial  direct  costs,  payments  made  before  the 
commencement date, and estimated restoration costs. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated on a straight-line 
basis from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease 
term. The right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of 
the lease liability. 

Each lease payment is allocated between the liability and finance charges. The corresponding rental obligations, net of finance 
charges, are included in lease liabilities, split between current and non-current depending on when the liabilities are due. The 
interest element of the finance cost is charged to the Statement of Profit and Loss over the lease period so as to produce a 
constant  periodic  rate  of  interest  on  the  remaining  balance  of  the  liability  for  each  period.  Assets  obtained  under  finance 
leases are depreciated over their useful lives. The lease liabilities are shown in Note 10. 

Exemptions are applied for short life leases and low value assets, with payment made under operating leases charged to the 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income on a straight-line basis of the period of the lease. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

2.11  Impairment of Non-Financial Assets 

Assets that have an indefinite useful life, for example, intangible assets not ready to use, are not subject to amortisation and 
are tested annually for impairment. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount 
exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in 
use.  For  the  purposes  of  assessing  impairment,  assets  are  grouped  at  the  lowest  levels  for  which  there  are  separately 
identifiable cash flows (cash generating units).  

Non-financial assets that suffered impairment (except goodwill) are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each 
reporting date.  

2.12  Financial Assets  

(a) Classification 

The Group classifies its financial assets in the following categories: at amortised cost including trade receivables and other 
financial assets at amortised cost, at fair value through other comprehensive income and at fair value through profit or loss, 
loans and receivables, and available-for-sale. The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets were 
acquired. Management determines the classification of its financial assets at initial recognition.  

(b) Recognition and measurement 

Amortised cost 
Trade and other receivables are recognised initially at the amount of consideration that is unconditional, unless they contain 
significant  financing  components,  in  which  case  they  are  recognised  at  fair  value.  The  group  holds  the  trade  and  other 
receivables with the objective of collecting the contractual cash flows, and so it measures them subsequently at amortised 
cost using the effective interest method. 

The group classifies its financial assets as at amortised cost only if both of the following criteria are met:  

• 
• 

the asset is held within a business model whose objective is to collect the contractual cash flows; and  
the contractual terms give rise to cash flows that are solely payments of principle and interest.  

(c)  Impairment of financial assets 

The Group recognises an allowance for expected credit losses (ECLs) for all debt instruments not held at fair value through 
profit or loss. ECLs are based on the difference between the contractual cash flows due in accordance with the contract and 
all the cash flows that the Group expects to receive, discounted at an approximation of the original effective interest rate. The 
expected cash flows will include cash flows from the sale of collateral held or other credit enhancements that are integral to 
the contractual terms. 

ECLs are recognised in two stages. For credit exposures for which there has not been a significant increase in credit risk 
since initial recognition, ECLs are provided for credit losses that result from default events that are possible within the next 
12-months (a 12-month ECL). For those credit exposures for which there has been a significant increase in credit risk since 
initial recognition, a loss allowance is required for credit losses expected over the remaining life of the exposure, irrespective 
of the timing of the default (a lifetime ECL). 

For trade receivables (not subject to provisional pricing) and other receivables due in less than 12 months, the Group applies 
the simplified approach in calculating ECLs, as permitted by IFRS 9. Therefore, the Group does not track changes in credit 
risk, but instead, recognises a loss allowance based on the financial asset’s lifetime ECL at each reporting date. 

The Group considers a financial asset in default when contractual payments are 90 days past due. However, in certain cases, 
the Group may also consider a financial asset to be in default when internal or external information indicates that the Group 
is unlikely to receive the outstanding contractual amounts in full before taking into account any credit enhancements held by 
the Group. A financial asset is written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovering the contractual cash flows 
and usually occurs when past due for more than one year and not subject to enforcement activity. 

At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether financial assets carried at amortised cost are credit impaired. A financial 
asset is credit-impaired when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the 
financial asset have occurred. 

(d) Derecognition 

The Group derecognises a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire, or when it 
transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another entity. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

On derecognition of a financial asset measured at amortised cost, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and 
the sum of the consideration received and receivable is recognised in profit or loss. This is the same treatment for a financial 
asset measured at fair value through profit and loss.  

2.13  Financial Liabilities 

Financial  liabilities  are  classified,  at  initial  recognition,  as  financial  liabilities  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss,  loans  and 
borrowings, payables, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate. All financial 
liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable 
transaction costs.  

The  Group’s  financial  liabilities  include  trade  and  other  payables.  Financial  liabilities  measured  at  amortised  cost  include 
current borrowings and trade and other payables that are short term in nature. Financial liabilities are derecognised if the 
Group’s  obligations  specified  in  the  contract  expire  or  are  discharged  or  cancelled.  Convertible  loan  notes  are  classified 
entirely as liabilities and contain an embedded derivative which has been designated as at fair value through profit or loss on 
initial recognition and, as such, the embedded conversion feature is not separated. 

Subsequent measurement 

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below: 

Trade and other payables 

After initial recognition, trade and other payables are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
rate (‘EIR method’). Gains and losses are recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income when 
the liabilities are derecognised, as well as through the EIR amortisation process.  

Amortised cost is calculated by considering any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part 
of the EIR. The EIR amortisation is included as finance costs in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Derecognition  

A financial liability is derecognised when the associated obligation is discharged or cancelled or expires. 

When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms 
of  an  existing  liability  are  substantially  modified,  such  an  exchange  or  modification  is  treated  as  the  derecognition  of  the 
original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in profit 
or loss and other comprehensive income. 

Fair value 

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated Financial Statements are categorised 
within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value hierarchy prioritises the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair 
value. The Group uses the following hierarchy for determining and disclosing the fair value of financial instruments and other 
assets and liabilities for which the fair value was used: 

- 
- 

- 

level 1: quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 
level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (as 
prices) or indirectly (derived from prices); and 
level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). 

2.14  Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand.  

2.15  Taxation 

Tax for the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the income statement, except to the extent that it 
relates to items recognised directly in equity. In this case the tax is also recognised directly in other comprehensive income 
or  directly  in  equity,  respectively.  The  current  income  tax  charge  is  calculated  on  the  basis  of  the  tax  laws  enacted  or 
substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period in the countries where the Company’s subsidiaries and associates 
operate  and  generate  taxable  income.  Management  periodically  evaluates  positions  taken  in  tax  returns  with  respect  to 
situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It establishes provisions where appropriate on the 
basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Deferred  income  tax  is  recognised,  using  the  liability  method,  on  temporary  differences arising  between  the  tax bases  of 
assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated Financial Statements. However, the deferred tax is not 
accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that, 
at the time of the transaction, affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss. Deferred income tax is determined using 
tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted, or substantially enacted, by the end of the reporting period and are expected to 
apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised, or the deferred income tax liability is settled. 

Deferred income tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available 
against which the temporary differences can be utilised. 

Deferred  income  tax  liabilities  are  provided  on  taxable  temporary  differences  arising  from  investments  in  subsidiaries, 
associates and joint arrangements, except for deferred income tax liability where the timing of the reversal of the temporary 
difference is controlled by the group and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 
Generally,  the  group  is  unable  to  control  the  reversal  of  the  temporary  difference  for  associates.  Only  where  there  is  an 
agreement in place that gives the group the ability to control the reversal of the temporary difference not recognised. 

Deferred  income  tax  assets  are  recognised  on  deductible  temporary  differences  arising  from  investments  in  subsidiaries, 
associates and joint arrangements only to the extent that it is probable the temporary difference will reverse in the future and 
there is sufficient taxable profit available against which the temporary difference can be utilised. 

Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  when  there  is  a  legally  enforceable  right  to  offset  current  tax  assets 
against current tax liabilities, and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the 
same taxation authority on either the taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the balances 
on a net basis. 

There has been no tax credit or expense for the period relating to current or deferred tax. 

2.16  Share Capital, and Other Reserves 

Ordinary shares are  classified  as  equity.  Incremental  costs directly attributable  to  the issue  of  new  shares or  options are 
shown in equity, as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds provided 

Other reserves consist of the share option reserve and the foreign exchange translation reserve. See Note 16 for further 
detail. 

2.17  Share Based Payments 

The  Group  operates  a  number  of  equity-settled  share-based  schemes,  under  which  the  entity  receives  services  from 
employees or third-party suppliers as consideration for equity instruments (shares, options and warrants) of the Group. The 
Group may also issue warrants to share subscribers as part of a share placing. The fair value of the equity-settled share 
based payments is recognised as an expense in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income or charged to equity 
depending on the nature of the service provided or instrument issued. The total amount to be expensed or charged in the 
case of options is determined by reference to the fair value of the options or warrants granted: 

• 
• 

• 

including any market performance conditions; 
excluding the impact of any service and non-market performance vesting conditions (for example, profitability or sales 
growth targets, or remaining an employee of the entity over a specified time period); and 
including the impact of any non-vesting conditions (for example, the requirement for employees to save). 

In the case of shares and warrants the amount charged is determined by reference to the fair value of the services received 
if available. If the fair value of the services received is not determinable the shares are valued by reference to the market price 
and the warrants are valued by reference to the fair value of the warrants granted as described previously. 

Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the number of options or warrants that are expected to vest. 
The total expense or charge is recognised over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting 
conditions are to be satisfied. At the end of each reporting period, the directors revise their estimates of the number of options 
that  are  expected  to vest  based  on  the  non-market vesting  conditions.  It  recognises  the impact of  the  revision  to original 
estimates, if any, in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income or equity as appropriate, with a corresponding 
adjustment to the share based payment reserve or warrant reserve in equity. 

When the warrants or options are exercised, the Company issues new shares. The proceeds received, net of any directly 
attributable transaction costs, are credited to share capital (nominal value) when the warrants or options are exercised. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

2.18  Finance Income and Cost 

Finance income and finance costs are recognised using the effective interest rate method. 

3.  Financial Risk Management 

3.1  Financial Risk Factors 

The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks being market risk (including, interest rate risk, currency risk and 
price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group’s overall risk management programme focuses on the unpredictability of 
financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the Group’s financial performance. 

Market Risk 

Market risk is the risk that the Group’s future earnings will be adversely impacted by changes in market prices. Market risk for 
Alien Metals comprises two types of risk: foreign currency risk and price risk. 

(b)  Foreign currency risks 

The Group’s operational expenditure is made in Mexico in Mexican pesos, in Australia in Australian dollars, and head office 
expenses are predominantly made in the UK in pounds sterling, and United States dollars. The Group is therefore exposed 
to the movement in exchange rates for these currencies. The Group does not currently hedge foreign exchange risk. 

At the year end the majority of the Group’s cash resources were held in Australian dollars. The Group therefore also has 
downside exposure to any strengthening of United States dollar and pounds sterling against the Australia dollar as this would 
increase expenses in Australian dollar terms and accelerate the depletion of the Group’s cash resources. Any weakening of 
United States dollar, or pounds sterling against the Australian dollar would, however, result in a reduction in expenses in 
Australian dollar terms and preserve the Group’s cash resources. 

The carrying amounts of the Group’s foreign currency denominated financial assets and monetary liabilities at the reporting 
date are as follows: 

Pounds sterling 

Australian dollars 

Mexican pesos 

Sensitivity Analysis 

Liabilities 

2023 

123,893  

500,848  

- 

2022 

 51,000  

 196,000  

41,000  

Assets 

2023 

2022 

 2,646,758  

4,605,000 

 15,363,381  

13,495,000 

- 

142,000 

The  Group  holds  cash  in  pounds  sterling  and  Australian  dollars  to  settle  accounts  payable  balances  derived  in  those 
currencies.  The  main  risk  is  through  foreign  exchange  fluctuations  in  companies  where  the  cash  balances  are  held  in  a 
currency that is different to the functional currency. 

Exposure to foreign currency risk sensitivity analysis: 

15% strengthening in the United States dollar 
15% weakening in the United States dollar 

Against A$ 
US$ 
(77,000) 
77,000 

A 15% variation is considered an appropriate level of sensitivity given recent levels of foreign exchange volatility. 

(c)  Price risk 

The  price  risk  is  the  risk  that  the  Group’s  future  earnings  will  be  adversely  impacted  by  changes  in  the  market  prices  of 
commodities. Given the Group has yet to enter production it is not possible to quantify this impact at this stage.  

(d)  © Interest rate risk 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument or cash flows associated with the instrument will fluctuate 
due to changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk arises from interest bearing financial assets and liabilities that the 
Group uses. Treasury activities take place under procedures and policies approved and monitored by the Board to minimise 
the financial risk faced by the Group. Interest bearing assets comprise cash and cash equivalents which are considered to be 
short-term  liquid  assets.  No  sensitivity  analysis  has  been  disclosed  as  management  does  not  consider  any  reasonable 
fluctuation in interest rates to be sufficiently material to disclose as there are no variable interest bearing loans and interest 
income is only from cash held with banks.  

Credit Risk 

Credit  risk  arises  from  cash  and  cash  equivalents  as  well  as  outstanding  receivables.  Management  does  not  expect  any 
losses from non-performance of these receivables. 

The amount of exposure to any individual counter party is subject to a limit, which is assessed by the Board. No credit limits 
were exceeded during the reporting period, and management does not expect any losses from non-performance by these 
counterparties. 

The Group considers the credit ratings of banks in which it holds funds in order to reduce exposure to credit risk. 

Liquidity Risk 

The Company’s approach to managing liquidity risk is to ensure that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet liabilities when due. 
The directors regularly review cash flow forecasts to determine whether the Group has sufficient cash reserves to meet future 
working capital requirements and discretionary business development opportunities including exploration activities. 

As at 31 December 2023, the Company had cash and other receivables of $937,000 to settle accounts payable and lease 
liabilities of $752,000. The Company’s accounts payable have contractual maturities of less than 30 days and are subject to 
normal trade terms. In the short-term, liabilities will be funded by cash. 

The Group’s assets are at an early stage and in order to meet financing requirements for their development the Company 
has raised funds by way of several share placements, which is a common practice for junior mineral exploration companies. 

Although the Company has been successful in the past in raising equity finance, there can be no assurance that the funding 
required by the Group will be made available to it when needed or, if such funding were to be available, that it would be offered 
on reasonable terms. The terms of such financing might not be favourable to the Group and might involve substantial dilution 
to existing shareholders. 

3.2  Capital Risk Management 

The Group’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern and have 
access to adequate funding for its exploration and development projects, so that it can provide returns for shareholders and 
benefits for other stakeholders. The Group manages the capital structure and makes adjustments in the light of changes in 
economic conditions and risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure the 
Group may issue new shares, acquire debt, or sell assets. Management regularly reviews cash flow forecasts to determine 
whether the Group has sufficient cash reserves to meet future working capital requirements and to take advantage of business 
opportunities. 

4.  Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgements 

The preparation of the Group Financial Statements in conformity with IFRSs requires Management to make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the 
date of the Financial Statements and the reported amount of expenses during the year. Actual results may vary from the 
estimates used to produce these Financial Statements.  

Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  evaluated  and  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other  factors,  including 
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. 

Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to: 

Recognition and Impairment of exploration and evaluation costs 
Exploration and evaluation costs had a carrying value at 31 December 2023 of $16,593,000 (2022: $15,639,000): refer to 
Note  8  for more information. During  the  year  asset  acquisitions  with  a carrying  value of $21,000  were  recognised  (2022: 
$7,707,000), refer to Note 8 for more information. The Group has a right to renew exploration permits and the asset is only 
depreciated once extraction of the resource commences. Management tests annually whether exploration projects have future 
economic value in accordance with the accounting policy stated in Note 2.7.  

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Each exploration project is subject to an annual review by either a consultant or senior company geologist to determine if the 
exploration  results  returned  during  the  year  warrant  further  exploration  expenditure  and have  the  potential  to  result  in  an 
economic discovery. This review takes into consideration the expected costs of extraction, long term metal prices, anticipated 
resource volumes and supply and demand outlook. In the event that a project does not represent an economic exploration 
target and results indicate there is no additional upside, a decision will be made to discontinue exploration. 

Fair value of assets acquired 
During the prior year the group acquired a number of interests in different projects and these acquisitions did not fall within 
the scope of IFRS 3 but rather IFRS 6. As a result, these assets acquired were required to initially be recognised as fair value. 
The Directors assessed the fair value of all project interests acquired as being equal to the fair value of the consideration to 
acquire said interests in projects. See note 9 for further details 

Fair value of financial liabilities 
During  the  year  the  group  entered  into  a  convertible  loan  note  with  an  embedded  derivative  and  warrants  which  were 
measured at fair value. See note 14 for further details. 

Share based payment transactions 
The Group has made awards of options and warrants over its unissued share capital to certain Directors and employees as 
part of their remuneration package. Certain warrants have also been issued to shareholders as part of their subscription for 
shares and to suppliers for various services received. 

The valuation of these options and warrants involves making a number of critical estimates relating to price volatility, future 
dividend yields, expected life of the options and forfeiture rates. These assumptions have been described in more detail in 
Note 17. 

5.  Segmental Information 

As  at 31  December  2023,  the  Group  operates in  three  geographical  areas,  the  UK,  Mexico  and  Australia.  The  Company 
operates in one geographical area, the UK. Activities in the UK are mainly administrative in nature whilst activities in Australia 
and Mexico relate to exploration and evaluation work. The reports used by the chief operating decision maker are based on 
these geographical segments.  

The Group generated $9,000 in other income during the year ended 31 December 2023 (2022: Nil).  

2023 

Administrative expenses  
Other losses 

Other gains 

Australia 

(870,000)  

(557,000)  
- 

Mexico 
$ 

(1,000) 
(140,000) 

- 

UK 
$ 

Total 

$ 

     (1,841,000)  

(2,712,000) 

    (456,000)  
178,000 

     (1,153,000)  
178,000 

Operating loss from continued operations per 
reportable segment 

Reportable segment assets 

Reportable segment liabilities 

Reportable segment net assets 

(1,427,000)  

       (141,000)  

(2,119,000)  

(3,687,000)  

  15,290,000  
      (544,000) 

             -            2,729,000  
             -             (779,000) 

    18,019,000  
     (1,323,000) 

  14,746,000  

             -            1,950,000  

    16,696,000  

Segment assets and liabilities are allocated based on geographical location. 

2022 

Australia 

Mexico 
$ 

UK 
$ 

Total 

$ 

Administrative expenses  
Other gains/(losses) 

(171,000) 

(98,000) 

(2,083,000) 

(2,352,000) 

- 

- 

(30,000) 

(30,000) 

Operating loss from continued operations per 
reportable segment 

(171,000) 

(98,000) 

(2,113,000) 

(2,382,000) 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
       
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Reportable segment assets 

Reportable segment liabilities 

Reportable segment net assets 

15,660,000 

(291,000) 

15,369,000 

783,000 

(15,000) 

768,000 

2,163,000 

18,606,000 

(157,000) 

(463,000) 

2,006,000 

18,143,000 

6.  Expenses/Income by Nature 

Directors’ fees (Note 20) 

Employee wages and salaries 

Fees  payable  to  the  Company’s  auditors  for  the  audit  of  the  consolidated 
financial statements 

Professional, legal and consulting fees 

Insurance 

Office and administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Travel and subsistence  

Share option expense 

Other expenses 

Foreign exchange movement 

Total administrative expenses 

Impairment – Exploration and evaluation assets 

Impairment – Other net assets 

Loss on initial recognition of convertible note 

Other 

Other losses 

Gain on revaluation of convertible note derivative 

Other 

Other gains 

7.  Taxation 

2023 
$ 

273,000 

864,000 

62,000 

1,013,000 

71,000 

185,000 

52,000 

194,000 

216,000 

190,000 

(408,000) 

2,712,000 

794,000 

140,000 

198,000 

21,000 

1,153,000 

131,000 

47,000 

178,000 

2022 
$ 

438,000 

307,000 

59,000 
962,000 

82,000 

90,000 

102,000 

133,000 

192,000 

42,000 

(55,000) 

2,352,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Group 

2023 
$ 

2022 
$ 

Loss before tax from continued operations 

(3,721,000) 

(2,375,000) 

Income tax using the weighted corporation tax rate 19.2% (2022: 18.6%) 

(713,000) 

(442,000) 

Expenditure not deductible for tax purposes 

248,000 

(57,000) 

Net tax effect of losses carried forward on which no deferred tax asset 
is recognised 

Income tax for the year 

465,000 

385,000 

- 

- 

No charge to taxation arises due to the losses incurred. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

The  weighted  average  applicable  tax  rate  of  19.2%  (2022:  18.6%)  used  is  a  combination  of  the  19%  standard  rate  of 
corporation tax in the UK, 25% Australian corporation tax and 30% Mexican tax rate. The Group has accumulated tax losses 
of approximately $32,887,000 (2022: $30,459,000) available to carry forward against future taxable profits. 

Under IFRS, a net deferred tax asset has not been recognised due to the uncertainty as to the amount that can be utilised. 
No adjustments are required in respect of the subsidiaries. 

8. 

Intangible Assets 

Exploration & Evaluation Assets at Cost and Net Book Value 
Balance as at 1 January  
Additions 
Asset acquisitions 
Impairment 
Foreign exchange differences 

As at 31 December 

2023 

$ 

15,639,000 
1,708,000 
21,000 
(794,000) 
19,000 

16,593,000 

2022 

$ 

5,939,000 
3,029,000 
7,707,000 
- 
(1,036,000) 

15,639,000 

Deferred exploration costs relate to the initial acquisition of the licences and subsequent exploration expenditure incurred in 
evaluating the projects. Asset acquisitions related to the assets of Mallina Exploration Pty Ltd. A subsidiary of the Group 
also granted a 2% gross revenue royalty to the seller of any iron ore produced from the tenement. 

In accordance with IFRS 6, the Directors undertook an assessment of the following areas and circumstances which could 
indicate the existence of impairment: 

•   The Group’s right to explore in an area has expired or will expire in the near future without renewal. 
•   No further exploration or evaluation is planned or budgeted for. 
•   A decision has been taken by the Board to discontinue exploration and evaluation in an area due to the absence of a 

commercial level of reserves. 

•   Sufficient data exists to indicate that the book value may not be fully recovered from future development and production. 

As a result of the review, the Directors concluded that the Mexico assets were fully impaired, as no further exploration or 
evaluation is planned for Mexico. An impairment of $794,000 was recorded in other losses for the year. The Directors do not 
consider any other assets to be impaired.  

9.  Assets Under Construction 

Balance as at 1 January  
Additions 

As at 31 December 

2023 

$ 

455,000 
- 

455,000 

2022 

$ 

291,000 
164,000 

455,000 

Mining plant equipment, recertification costs and the related transport costs capitalised as a Mining asset in A.C.N 643 478 
371 Pty Ltd in relation to the headframe and associated equipment for the Elizabeth Hill Silver mine. 

10.  Right of Use Assets and Lease Liability 

At the reporting date, the Group had one property, in Australia, under lease agreement. The Group recognised the following 
right of use asset and related lease liability in respect of this lease agreement. A lease previously recognised for office space 
in London, United Kingdom, was fully amortised during the year. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Right of use asset 

Balance as at 1 January  

Additions 

Amortisation 
Foreign exchange differences 

As at 31 December 

Lease liability 

Balance as at 1 January  

Additions 

Rental payments  
Foreign exchange differences 

As at 31 December 

A maturity analysis of the undiscounted minimum lease payments due are as follows: 

No later than one year  

As at 31 December 

11.  Trade and Other Receivables 

VAT receivable 
Prepayments 

Other receivables 

As at 31 December 

2023 

$ 

17,000 

55,000 

(48,000) 
- 

24,000 

2023 

$ 

17,000 

55,000 

(46,000) 
- 

26,000 

2022 

$ 

131,000 
- 

(102,000) 
(12,000) 

17,000 

2022 

$ 

131,000 
- 

(102,000) 
(12,000) 

17,000 

2023 

$ 
41,000 

41,000 

2023 

$ 

125,000 

7,000 
129,000 

261,000 

2022 

$ 

133,000 
95,000 

90,000 

318,000 

Trade and other receivables are all due within one year. The fair value of all receivables is the same as their carrying values 
stated above. These assets, excluding prepayments, are the only form of financial asset within the Group, together with cash 
and cash equivalents. 

The carrying amounts of the Group‘s trade and other receivables are denominated in the following currencies: 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

UK Pounds 
Australian Dollars 

Mexican Peso 

As at 31 December 

2023 
$ 

171,000 

90,000 

- 

261,000 

2022 
$ 

173,000 
75,000 

70,000 

318,000 

The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date is the carrying value of each class of receivable mentioned above. 
The  Group  does  not  hold  any  collateral  as  security.  All  trade  and  other  receivables  are  considered  fully  recoverable  and 
performing.  

12.  Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

13.  Trade and Other Payables 

Trade payables 

Other payables 

Accrued expenses 

As at 31 December 

The carrying amounts of the Group‘s trade and other payables are denominated in the following currencies: 

UK Pounds 
US Dollars 

Mexican Peso 
Australian Dollars 

As at 31 December 

2023 
$ 

207,000 

- 

- 

519,000 

726,000 

43 

2023 
$ 

2022 
$ 

676,000 

2,177,000 

2023 
$ 

591,000 

36,000 

99,000 

726,000 

2022 
$ 

272,000 

69,000 

105,000 

446,000 

2022 
$ 

148,000 
37,000 

15,000 

246,000 

446,000 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

14.   Convertible Note 

Liability - Host 

Liability - Derivative 

Total 

2023 
$ 

500,000 

71,000 

571,000 

2022 
$ 

- 

- 

- 

During the year, the Company issued 500,000 convertible notes with a face value of US$500,000 which was received in cash. 
The initial fair value of the liability portion of the convertible notes was determined using a market interest rate for an equivalent 
non-convertible notes at the issue date. The liability is subsequently measured on an amortised cost basis until extinguished 
on  conversion  or  maturity.  The  convertible  notes  include  a derivative  liability,  which  represents  the value  of  the option to 
convert the notes to ordinary shares of the Company. The fair value of the derivative liability was determined using a Monte 
Carlo  Simulation  model.  A loss  of  $198,000  was  recognised  on  the  initial  recognition  of  the  derivative  liability,  which  was 
recorded in other losses. Thereafter a revaluation gain of $131,000, which represents the change in value of the derivative 
liability during the year, was recorded in other gains. Refer to note 17 for further details. 

15.  Share Capital and Share Premium 

The Company is authorised to issue an unlimited number of common shares of no par value. 

Issued share capital 

Group 

At 1 January 2022 

Share issue costs – 1 January 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 21 January 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of options – 21 January 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 10 February 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 10 February 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares as consideration for asset acquisition – 23 February 2022 (Note 8) 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 14 March 2022 

Number of shares 

Total 

$ 

3,902,181,625 

70,422,000 

- 

202,247,000 

1,100,000 

1,111,111 

816,666 

50,000,000 

3,333,333 

(60,000) 

367,000 

4,000 

5,000 

3,000 

467,000 

12,000 

Issue of Ordinary Shares as consideration for asset acquisition – 22 March 2022 (Note 8) 

138,703,396 

1,384,000 

Issue of Ordinary Shares as consideration for asset acquisition – 22 March 2022 (Note 8) 

358,617,818 

3,577,000 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 22 March 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 22 March 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 13 April 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 13 April 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of warrants – 13 April 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of options – 26 April 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares as consideration for asset acquisition – 20 June 2022 (Note 8) 

Share issue costs – 7 September 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares for cash – 8 September 2022 

Share issue costs – 28 September 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares on exercise of options – 1 December 2022 

66,666,666 

26,610,661 

14,000 

122,267 

984,375 

2,000,000 

7,827,883 

- 

153,000 

73,000 

1,000 

1,000 

3,000 

7,000 

69,000 

(12,000) 

300,000,000 

1,814,000 

- 

(128,000) 

2,500,000 

8,000 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Issue of Ordinary Shares as consideration for asset acquisition – 20 December 2022 (Note 8) 

260,000,000 

1,416,000 

At 31 December 2022 

Issue of Ordinary Shares for cash – 12 January 2023 

Issue of Ordinary Shares for cash – 16 May 2023 

Issue of Ordinary Shares for cash – 10 August 2023 

Issue of Ordinary Shares in lieu of fees – 3 November 2023 

Share issue costs – 10 August 2023 

At 31 December 2023 

5,324,836,801 

79,586,000 

2,500,000 

8,142,373 

8,000 

25,000 

1,000,000,000 

2,545,000 

26,315,000 
- 

61,000 

(128,000) 

6,361,794,174 

82,097,000 

On 12 January 2023 2,500,000 options, with no par value, were exercised at an issue price of 0.25 pence per share. 
On 16 May 2023 8,142,373 options, with no par value, were exercised at an issue price of 0.25 pence per share.  
On 10 August 2023, the Company completed a placement of 1,000,000,000 shares, at 0.20 pence per share, in order to raise 
gross proceeds of GBP 2,000,000.  
On 3 November 2023, the Company issued 26,315,000 shares in lieu of fees. 

16. Other Reserves 

Foreign currency translation reserve 

Share based payment reserve 

Warrant reserve 

2023 
$ 

279,000 

854,000 

834,000 

2022 
$ 

694,000 

771,000 

377,000 

The  foreign  currency  translation  reserve  represents  the  effect  of  changes  in  exchange  rates  arising  from  translating  the 
Financial  Statements  of  subsidiary  undertakings  into  the  Company’s  presentational  currency.  The  share-based  payment 
reserve arises on the grant of share options to directors, employees and other eligible persons under the share option plan. 
Refer to Note 17 for more information. The warrants reserve arises on the issue of warrants. Refer to Note 17 for further 
information. 

17. Share Based Payments 

Share options outstanding at 31 December 2023 have the following expiry dates and exercise prices: 

Grant date 

2018 
2019 
2019 
2019 
2019 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2021 
2021 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2023 
2023 
2023 
Total 

Expiry date 

14-May-23 
28-Mar-24 
28-Mar-24 
28-Mar-24 
28-Mar-24 
30-Aug-23 
30-Aug-23 
30-Aug-23 
21-Oct-24 
21-Oct-24 
21-Oct-24 
26-Sep-26 
31-Jul-27 
31-Jul-27 
31-Jul-27 
31-Jul-27 

Number 

Exercise price in 
£ per share 

2023 

2022 

0.0025 
0.0025 
0.0022 
0.0030 
0.0045 
0.0045 
0.0050 
0.0055 
0.0100 
0.0115 
0.0145 
0.008 – 0.014 
0.0072 
0.0090 
0.0108 
0.0126 

- 
12,342,509 
3,000,000 
3,000,000 
4,000,000 
- 
- 
- 
 10,000,000  
 10,000,000  
 15,000,000  
345,000,000 
22,500,000 
30,000,000 
37,500,000 
40,000,000 
532,342,509 

10,642,373 
12,342,509 
3,000,000 
3,000,000 
4,000,000 
18,750,000 
18,750,000 
22,500,000 
 10,000,000  
 10,000,000  
 15,000,000  
345,000,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
472,984,882 

Options with an expiry date of 28-Mar-24 expired subsequent to year end. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Warrants outstanding at 31 December 2023 have the following expiry dates and exercise prices: 

Grant date 

2020 
2020 
2020 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2022 
2023 
2023 
2023 
Total 

Expiry date 

18-May-23 
10-Sep-23 
18-May-23 
30-Nov-23 
17-Nov-24 
14-Sept-25 
31-Dec-25 
1-Jul-26 
1-Jul-24 
1-Jul-26 

Exercise 
price in £ 
per share 

0.0012 
0.006 
0.015 
0.013 
0.085 
0.0025 
0.0025 
0.005198 
Note 1 
Note 1 

Number 
2023 

- 
- 
- 
- 
23,529,401 
7,200,000 
100,000,000 
10,000,000  
250,000 
250,000 
141,229,401 

Number    
2022 

2,625,000 
12,000,000 
11,208,125 
13,600,000 
23,529,401 
7,200,000 
100,000,000 
- 
- 
- 

170,162,516 

Note 1: During the year, commitment and conversion warrants were issued in relation to the convertible note. The number of 
warrants to be issued depends on the number of notes converted to shares at a future date. Each tranche of the Conversion 
Warrants will have an exercise price to the lower of a 25% premium to the 10-day VWAP on Alien’s shares prior to the date 
of the Deed (1 July 2023) and the Assumed Conversion Date (1 July 2024). Where the noteholder elects to convert the notes 
in to shares, the noteholder will receive 0.5 12 month warrants, and 0.5 36 month warrants for every note converted. The 
maximum number of warrants to be issued is therefore 250,000 12 month warrants and 250,000 36 month warrants.   

The  estimate  of  the  fair  value  of  the  share  options  and  warrants  is  measured  based  on  the  Black-Scholes  model.  The 
parameters used for options and warrants granted in the year ended 31 December 2023 are detailed below:  

Granted on: 
Life (years) 
Exercise price (pence per share) 
Risk free rate 
Expected volatility 
Expected dividend yield 
Marketability discount 
Total fair value (£) 

Granted on: 
Life (years) 
Exercise price (pence per share) 
Risk free rate 
Expected volatility 
Expected dividend yield 
Marketability discount 
Total fair value (£) 

2023 Options 
07/07/2023 
3 years 
0.72 
4.1% 
102% 
- 
- 
50,000 

2023 Options 
07/07/2023 
3 years 
0.90 
4.1% 
102% 
- 
- 
62,000 

2023 Conversion 
Warrants 
01/07/2023 
1 year 
Variable 
4.7% 
75% 
- 
- 
29,000 

2023 Conversion 
Warrants 
01/07/2023 
3 years 
Variable 
3.6% 
75% 
- 
- 
42,000 

2023 Options 
07/07/2023 
3 years 
1.08 
4.1% 
102% 
- 
- 
74,000 

2023 
Commitment 
Warrants 
01/07/2023 
3 years 
0.5198 
3.6% 
75% 
- 
- 
5,000 

2023 Options 
07/07/2023 
3 years 
1.26 
4.1% 
102% 
- 
- 
75,000 

The expected volatility is based on the historical share prices over the prior comparable period of the Company share price.  

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

The movement of share options for the year to 31 December 2023 is shown below: 

As at 1 January  

Granted (not yet vested) 

Exercised 

Expired 

2023 

2022 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price (£) 

Number 

Number 

472,984,882 

0.0100 

134,834,882 

130,000,000  

(10,642,373) 

(60,000,000) 

0.0106 

0.0100 

0.0050 

345,000,000 

(5,600,000) 

(1,250,000) 

Outstanding as at 31 December 

532,342,509  

0.0100 

472,984,882 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price (£) 

0.0100 

0.0100 

0.0100 

0.0100 

0.0100 

Exercisable at 31 December 

    57,342,509  

0.0100 

127,984,882 

0.0100 

The movement of warrants for the year to 31 December 2023 is shown below: 

As at 1 January  

Granted 

Granted 

Exercised 

Expired 

Outstanding as at 31 December 

Exercisable at 31 December 

2023 

2022 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price (£) 

0.004 

0.0052 

Number 

170,162,516 

10,000,000 

Number 

389,620,248 

130,729,411 

500,000 

Variable 

- 

NA 

(301,906,079) 

(39,433,115) 

0.0068 

(48,281,064) 

141,229,401 

140,729,401 

0.004 

0.004 

170,162,516 

170,162,516 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price (£) 

0.0024 

0.0025 

0.0024 

0.0024 

0.004 

0.004 

The weighted price and life for warrants and options for the year end 31 December 2023 is as follows: 

2023 

Range of 
exercise 
prices ($) 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price ($) 

Weighted 
average 
remaining life  
expected 
(years) 

Weighted 
average 
remaining life 
contracted 
(years) 

Number of 
shares 

0.004-0.6 

0.00874 

674,071,899 

1.85 

1.85 

The total fair value charged to the statement of comprehensive income for the year ended 31 December 2023 and included 
in administrative expenses was $216,000 (2022: $192,000). 

Options  and  warrants  exercised  in  2023  resulted  in  10,642,374  shares  being  issued  (2022:  130,729,411)  at  a  weighted 
average price of £0.0025 each (2022: £0.0025 each) and as a result $38,377 was recorded as share capital. 

During the year 130,000,000 incentive options (2022: 178,000,000) were conditionally granted to certain directors and are to 
be awarded on the basis of length of service. The options were granted with various exercise prices at premiums to the share 
price on the date they were awarded.  

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

A Vorster 
A Vorster 
A Vorster 
A Vorster 
E Henson 
E Henson 
E Henson 
E Henson 

Number 

Exercisable by 

12,500,000 
15,000,000 
17,500,000 
20,000,000 
10,000,000 
15,000,000 
20,000,000 
20,000,000 

31/07/2027 
31/07/2027 
31/07/2027 
31/07/2027 
31/07/2027 
31/07/2027 
31/07/2027 
31/07/2027 

Premium  to  price  on 
date of issue 
100% 
150% 
200% 
250% 
100% 
150% 
200% 
250% 

Exercise price in £ per 
share 

0.0072 
0.0090 
0.0108 
0.0126 
0.0072 
0.0090 
0.0108 
0.0126 

18.  Net Finance Charges 

Finance charges 

Interest income  

19.  Employees 

Staff costs (excluding Directors) 

Salaries and wages 

Social security costs 

Pensions 

Group 

2023 
$ 

(42,000) 

8,000 

34,000 

2022 
$ 

- 

7,000 

7,000 

Group 

2023 
$ 

2022 

$ 

760,000 

256,000 

34,000 

70,000 

13,000 

38,000 

864,000 

307,000 

The average monthly number of employees during the year was 4 (2022: 6).  

20. Directors' Remuneration 

2023 

Executive Directors 
G Robertson 
R McIllree 

Non-Executive Directors 
A Vorster 
E Henson 
D Smith 
J Battershill 
M C Culbert 

Short term employment 
benefits 
$ 

Share based 
payment  
$ 

Total  
$ 

44,000  
 37,000  

 61,000  
 26,000  
 37,000    
 5,000  
 10,000  

 -    
 -    

 44,000  
 37,000  

 61,000  
 61,000  

 -    
 -    
 -    

 122,000  
 87,000  
37,000 
 5,000  
 10,000  

 220,000  

 122,000  

 342,000  

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

Employers  tax  contributions  of  $10,000  have  not  been  included  in  the  above.  During  the  year,  A  Vorster  was  issued 
65,000,000 options and E Henson was issued 65,000,000 options, with fair value charged to the statement of comprehensive 
income for $61,000 and $61,000, respectively.  

2022 

Executive Directors 
B Brodie Good 
R McIllree 

Non-Executive Directors 
D J Smith  
J L Battershill 
M C Culbert 

Short term employment 
benefits 
$ 

Share based 
payment  
$ 

Total  
$ 

210,000 
27,000 

74,000 
63,000 
32,000 

406,000 

- 
- 

- 
192,000 
- 

192,000 

210,000 
27,000 

74,000 
255,000 
32,000 

598,000 

Employers tax contributions of $31,000 have not been included in the above. During 2022, Jonathan Battershill was issued 
35,000,000 options with fair value charged to the statement of comprehensive income for $192,000.  

21. Loss per Share 

The calculation of the total basic losses per share of 0.065 pence (2022: loss 0.050 pence) is based on the losses attributable 
to equity owners of the group of $3,721,000 (2022: $2,375,000) and on the weighted average number of ordinary shares of 
5,728,076,556 (2022: 4,712,310,829) in issue during the year.  

In accordance with IAS 33, basic and diluted earnings per share are identical as the effect of the exercise of share options or 
warrants would be to decrease the loss per share. 

22. Commitments 

(a) Work programme commitment 

As at 31 December 2023, Alien Metals owned 16 mineral exploration licenses in Australia and 9 mineral exploration licenses 
in Mexico. These licences include commitments to pay annual licence fees and minimum spend requirements as follows: 

Less than 1 year 

1 to 5 years 

Total 

(b) Lease agreements 

License 
fees 
$ 

Minimum 
spend 
requirements 
$ 

Total 
$ 

       91,000  

         455,000  

          546,000  

     291,000  

      1,964,000  

       2,255,000  

        382,000  

        2,419,000  

       2,801,000  

The Group had London offices under lease agreement. The agreement was signed on 21 April 2021 and covered office rent 
for the period from 1 May 2021 until 28 Feb 2023, with monthly payments of £6,916 (US$9,514) and a deposit of £20,748 
(US$28,542). This lease was not renewed. At 31 December 2023, nil remained payable in respect of this lease.   

The Group leased a property in West Australia for on-site staff accommodation until 30 November 2024 with current monthly 
payments of A$3,545. At 31 December 2023, $40,737 remained payable in respect of this lease.   

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ALIEN METALS LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2023 

23. Related Party Transactions 

Transactions with key management personnel 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2023,  the  Company  did  not  enter  into  transactions  involving  Directors  other  than 
Directors remuneration outlined in note 20.   

24. Ultimate Controlling Party 

The Directors believe there to be no ultimate controlling party. 

25. Events after the Reporting Date 

On  15  March  2024,  the  Company  executed  a  funding  package  of  up  to  A$2m  that  has  been  made  available  through  a 
convertible loan note from Bennelong Resource Capital Pty Limited, a shareholder in the Company, with a current holding of 
7.2%. The facility is to be drawn in three tranches of A$1m, $0.5m, and $0.5m, respectively. The facility is available for a 
period  of  12  months,  incurs  interest  at  the  Secured  Overnight  Financing  Rate  plus  10%,  has  a  face  value  of  A$1  per 
convertible security, a commitment fee of 3% of funds drawn, and the lender is to receive 25,000,000 warrants. The balance 
due under the facility (including accrued interest at the end of each fiscal quarter) can be converted into Ordinary Shares at 
the option of the lender. 

On 15 March 2024, Mr Alwyn Vorster resigned as a director of the Company and was replaced by Mr Robert Mosig. 

During  April  2024  the  Company,  through  its  wholly  owned  subsidiary  Alien  Metals  Australia  Pty  Ltd,  entered  into  a  joint 
venture with Errawarra Resources Ltd (ASX: ERW) in respect of the lithium rights on the Pinderi Hills Project. Errawarra has 
the  potential  to  earn  up  to  a  50%  interest  in  the  lithium  rights  in  the  Project  by  spending  up  to  A$4  million  with  the  first 
A$500,000 being by the way of a subscription for common shares in the capital of the Company.   

There were no matters or circumstances that have arisen since the end of the financial year, other than those outlined above, 
that have significantly affected or may significantly affect the operations of the Company, the results of those operations, or 
state of affairs in future financial years. 

50