Quarterlytics / Technology / Semiconductors / Amtech Systems, Inc. / FY2019 Annual Report

Amtech Systems, Inc.
Annual Report 2019

ASYS · NASDAQ Technology
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FY2019 Annual Report · Amtech Systems, Inc.
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2019

A N N U AL   R E P O RT

BRINGING T ECHNOL OGY TOGETHE R

As we pivot from our solar business and refocus on our 
semiconductor and SiC/LED businesses, we continue to 
evaluate very selective external opportunities in the 
silicon power chip value chain to extend our technology 
and product portfolio.  We expect our silicon carbide 
and broader semi units to benefit from the emerging 
opportunities presented by electronic vehicle and 
automotive chips, mobility, artificial intelligence, big 
data, 5G, and consumer/industrial IoT, all of which are 
driving the growing power chip and RF sector.  We have 
the skillset and track record to identify strong acquisi-
tion targets in the semi and SiC growth environment 
and to execute transactions and integrations to provide 
for accretive, profitable growth in both the short term 
and long term.

While closely managing our costs, we are making 
prudent investments to advance our business.  We have 
market-leading customers that we look to serve with 
technical proficiency and the highest level of responsive-
ness to their evolving needs.  All combined, we are 
ready to capture the opportunities in the expected 
fast-growing areas of the semiconductor market.  We 
appreciate the contribution of our employees and 
together, we look forward to the exciting opportunities 
ahead of us, with the constant objective to increase the 
value of Amtech for all of our shareholders. 

Sincerely,

J.S. Whang
Executive Chairman, Chairman of the Board and Chief 
Executive Officer

Dear Shareholders,

We began fiscal year 2019 by announcing that we would 
embark on a major transformation and exit the solar 
business and dedicate our resources to our profitable 
semiconductor (“semi”) business.  Our decision is 
supported by the historical performance of our semi 
divisions and the long-term growth opportunities from 
the power semi industry, especially from emerging silicon 
carbide (“SiC”) power applications.  Today, as we com-
plete the final steps to transform our business, we are 
well positioned for success and look to the future with 
great enthusiasm about the potential of our combined 
semi and high-growth SiC/LED businesses.

Given the macro headwinds throughout fiscal year 2019, 
driven primarily by the trade war and related tariffs, we 
remained focused on what we can control, and, despite 
the soft global market demand, both our semi and 
SiC/LED businesses made important progress.  In our 
core chip packaging and SMT business, a strong cash 
flow business, we have invested in productivity to ensure 
we maximize our profitability throughout the cycle.  
Additionally, in our emerging-growth chip-substrate 
business, we are investing in capacity and foresee 
value-driving growth and profitability, as the market 
continues to look to silicon carbide and other compound 
semiconductor devices to meet high-performance chip 
specifications.  We expect to be a strong participant in 
these high-value expansion areas of the industry.  In 
preparing for this significant opportunity and long-term 
growth potential, we are diligently focused on product 
innovation and sales and marketing enhancements to 
drive organic growth, as well as focused on select invest-
ments to expand and upgrade our product offerings, 
facilities, and IT systems.  All combined, we expect to 
further strengthen our position and be well prepared to 
meet the expected upturn in demand.

Near midyear, we embarked on a capacity expansion 
project for our SiC/LED polishing segment.  In February 
2020, we expect to move into this larger facility that 
provides the needed capacity for production today and, 
with incremental investment, well into the future.  We 
also put in place equipment that will help us optimize our 
technology strengths and manufacturing efficiencies.  We 
look for our investments to further enhance our market 
position and to deliver attractive returns on these invest-
ments.

In our fourth quarter, we were pleased to report that we 
had received a new order for our 300mm high-temp 
diffusion furnace from a new top-tier power semiconduc-
tor customer. The order established a second 300mm 
power chip customer relationship, which adds to our 
existing large 300mm installed base in the power semi-
conductor market. As a market leader in 300mm horizon-
tal thermal reactor diffusion furnaces for the power 
semiconductor industry, we provide a proven platform 
for the growing power semiconductor industry. 

  
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended: September 30, 2019
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 

1934

For the transition period from                to               
Commission file number: 0-11412

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Arizona
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

131 South Clark Drive, Tempe, Arizona
(Address of principal executive offices)

86-0411215
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

85281
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 480-967-5146

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Trading Symbol(s)
ASYS

Name of each exchange on which registered
NASDAQ Global Select Market

Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value
(Title of Class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject 
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 
405 of Regulation S-T (§229.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to 
submit and post such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company 
or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging 
growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer

☐
☐

Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

☒
☒
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with 
any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of March 31, 2019, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the 
voting and non-voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $62,706,022, based upon the closing sales price reported 
by the NASDAQ Global Market on that date.
As of November 15, 2019, the registrant had outstanding 14,268,797 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Definitive Proxy Statement related to the registrant’s 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which Proxy Statement will be filed 
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120 days of the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, are 
incorporated by reference into Items 10-14 of Part III of this Form 10-K.

 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Table of Contents

Definitions
Cautionary Statement about Forward-Looking Statements

Business
Risk Factors
Unresolved Staff Comments
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosures

Part I

Part II

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities
Selected Financial Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
Other Information

Part III

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Form 10-K Summary

Part IV

Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.

Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.

Item 13.
Item 14.

Item 15.
Item 16.
Signatures

3
5

6
15
30
30
31
31

32
34
35
46
46
82
82
82

83
83

83
83
83

84
84
87

2

Acronyms and defined terms used in the text include the following:

DEFINITIONS

Term
2007 Plan
A.I.
ALD
Amtech
ASC
ASU
Big Data

Board
Bruce Technologies
BTU
CAPM
CEO
CFO
Common Stock
Company
COSO

CVD
DBC
Dodd-Frank Act

ECN
EBIT
EBITDA
EPS
ERP
Exchange Act
FASB
FDIC
FIFO
GAAP

HTR
IBAL
IoT
Kingstone
Kingstone Hong Kong
LED
LPCVD

Meaning
The 2007 Employee Stock Incentive Plan
artificial intelligence
atomic layer deposition
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Accounting Standard Codification
Accounting Standard Update
an accumulation of data that is too large and complex for processing 
by traditional database management tools
the Board of Directors of Amtech Systems, Inc.
Bruce Technologies, Inc.
BTU International, Inc.
Capital Asset Pricing Model
Chief Executive Officer
Chief Financial Officer
our common stock, par value $0.01 per share
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission
chemical vapor deposition
direct bond copper
Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 
2010
Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization
earnings (loss) per share
enterprise resource planning
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
Financial Accounting Standards Board
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
first-in, first-out
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of 
America
horizontal thermal reactor
individual boats with automated loading
Internet of things
Kingstone Hong Kong, together with Shanghai Kingstone
Kingstone Technology Hong Kong Limited
Light-emitting diode
low-pressure chemical vapor deposition

3

Term
MD&A

MEMS
mm
NOLs
Note __
OCR
O-S-D
our
PCAOB
PECVD
PMT
PR Hoffman
Proxy Statement

PV
R2D
RD&E
Registrant
RF
SEC
Securities Act
Semi
SG&A
SiC
SiC/LED
SMT
SoLayTec
SSP
Subsidiaries
The TCJA
Tempress
TOPCON
TTV
us
U.S.
USA PATRIOT act

USTR
we
Yingli

Meaning
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and 
Results of Operations
microelectromechanical systems
millimeter
net operating loss carryforwards
Note __ to the consolidated financial statements
Optical Character Recognition
Optoelectronic, Sensors & Discrete
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
multi-employer pension plan Pensioenfonds Metaal en Techniek
P.R. Hoffman Machine Products, Inc.
Amtech’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC in connection 
with its 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders
photovoltaic
R2D Automation SAS
Research, development and engineering
Amtech Systems, Inc.
Radio Frequency
Securities and Exchange Commission
Securities Act of 1933, as amended
Semiconductor
Selling, general and administrative expenses
silicon carbide
our SiC/LED operating segment
surface-mount technology
SoLayTec B.V.
standalone selling price
Subsidiaries of Amtech Systems, Inc. listed on Exhibit 21 hereto
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Tempress Systems, Inc.
tunnel oxide passivated contact
total thickness variation
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries
The United States of America
the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate 
Tools to Restrict, Intercept, and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001
United States Trade Representative
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Yingli Green Energy Holding Company Limited

4

Cautionary Statement about Forward-Looking Statements

Unless  otherwise  indicated,  the  terms  “Amtech,”  the  “Company,”  “we,”  “us”  and  “our”  refer  to  Amtech 

Systems, Inc. together with its subsidiaries.

Our discussion and analysis in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our 2019 Annual Report to Shareholders, 
our other reports that we file with the SEC, our press releases and in public statements of our officers and corporate 
spokespersons  contain  “forward-looking”  statements  within  the  meaning  of  Section 27A  of  the  Securities  Act, 
Section 21E  of  the  Exchange  Act,  and  the  Private  Securities  Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995.  Forward-looking 
statements  give  our  or  our  officers’  current  expectations  or  forecasts  of  future  events.  You  can  identify  these 
statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current events. We have tried, wherever possible, 
to identify such statements by using words such as “may,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “seek,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” 
“estimate,”  “anticipate,”  “believe,”  “continue,”  “predict,”  “potential,”  “project,”  “should,”  “would,”  “could,” 
“likely,”  “future,”  “target,”  “forecast,”  “goal,”  “observe,”  and  “strategy”  or  the  negative  thereof  or  variations 
thereon or similar terminology relating to uncertainty of future events or outcomes. Any expectations based on these 
forward-looking  statements  are  subject  to  risks  and  uncertainties  and  other  important  factors,  including  those 
discussed  in  the  section  entitled  “Item  1A.  Risk  Factors.”    Some  factors  that  could  cause  actual  results  to  differ 
materially  from  those  anticipated  include,  among  others,  future  economic  conditions,  including  changes  in  the 
markets  in  which  we  operate;  changes  in  demand  for  our  services  and  products;  our  revenue  and  operating 
performance; difficulties in successfully executing our growth initiatives; difficulties in executing on our strategic 
efforts with respect to our silicon carbide/polishing business segment; the effects of competition in the markets in 
which  we  operate,  including  the  adverse  impact  of  competitive  product  announcements  or  new  entrants  into  our 
markets  and  transfers  of  resources  by  competitors  into  our  markets;  the  cyclical  nature  of  the  semiconductor 
industry; pricing and gross profit pressures; control of costs and expenses; risks associated with new technologies 
and  the  impact  on  our  business;  legislative,  regulatory,  and  competitive  developments  in  markets  in  which  we 
operate;  the  outcome  of  the  settlement  proceedings  with  a  customer  relating  to  a  previously  announced  turnkey 
contract;  possible  future  claims,  litigation  or  enforcement  actions  and  the  results  of  any  such  claim,  litigation 
proceeding,  or  enforcement  action;  risks  associated  with  our  dispositions,  including  our  ability  to  realize  the 
anticipated  benefits  of  our  dispositions;  the  risk  of  unexpected  costs,  charges  or  expenses  resulting  from  any 
dispositions; and other circumstances and risks identified in this Annual Report on Form 10-K or referenced from 
time  to  time  in  our  filings  with  the  SEC.    The  occurrence  of  the  events  described,  and  the  achievement  of  the 
expected results, depend on many events, some or all of which are not predictable or within our control.  These and 
many  other  factors  could  affect  Amtech’s  future  operating  results  and  financial  condition  and  could  cause  actual 
results  to  differ  materially  from  expectations  based  on  forward-looking  statements  made  in  this  document  or 
elsewhere by Amtech or on its behalf.

Forward-looking statements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance.  Instead, they are 
based  on  our  or  our  officers’  current  beliefs,  expectations  and  assumptions  regarding  the  future  of  our  business, 
future  plans  and  strategies,  projections,  anticipated  events  and  trends,  the  economy  and  other  future  conditions. 
Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to certain risks and uncertainties.  In light 
of  these  risks  and  uncertainties,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  forward-looking  information  contained  in  this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K will in fact transpire or prove to be accurate.  You should not place undue reliance on 
these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they were made.

The Company undertakes no obligation to update or publicly revise any forward-looking statement whether as 
a  result  of  new  information,  future  developments  or  otherwise  after  the  date  of  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-
K.  All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its 
behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.  You are advised, however, to consult 
any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our subsequently filed Form 10-Q and Form 8-K reports and 
our other filings with the SEC.  Also note that we provide a cautionary discussion of risks, uncertainties and possibly 
inaccurate assumptions relevant to our business under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-
K.  We note these factors for investors as permitted by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  You 
should understand it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors.

5

ITEM 1.  BUSINESS

OUR COMPANY

PART I

We are a leading, global manufacturer of capital equipment, including thermal processing and wafer polishing, 
and related consumables used in fabricating semiconductor devices, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and silicon power 
chips,  electronic  assemblies  and  light-emitting  diodes  (LEDs).  We  sell  these  products  to  semiconductor  and 
automotive  component  manufacturers  worldwide,  particularly  in  Asia,  North  America  and  Europe.    Our  strategic 
focus  is  on  semiconductor  growth  opportunities  in  power  electronics,  leveraging  our  strength  in  our  core 
competencies in thermal and substrate processing. We are a market leader in the high-end power chip market (SiC 
and  300mm  silicon  horizontal  thermal  reactor),  developing  and  supplying  essential  equipment  and  consumables 
used in the semiconductor industry.

We were incorporated in Arizona in October 1981, under the name Quartz Engineering & Materials, Inc. We 
changed to our present name in 1987. We categorize each of our subsidiaries into one of three operating segments, 
based primarily on the industry they serve:

Operating Segment
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation

% of 2019
Consolidated Net
Revenue

78%
16%
6%

For  information  regarding  net  revenue,  operating  income  and  identifiable  assets  attributable  to  each  of  our 
three  operating  segments,  see  Note  18  of  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  included  in  “Item  8. 
Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data”  and “Item  7. Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial 
Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”  in  this  Annual  Report.    For  information  on  the  products  of  each  operating 
segment,  see  “Semiconductor  and  SiC/LED  Products”  and  “Discontinued  Solar  Operations  and  Products”  within 
this “Item 1. Business” section.  For information regarding risks to our business, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”

Our fiscal year is from October 1 to September 30. Unless otherwise stated, references to the years 2019, 2018 

and 2017 relate to the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Our operating segments are made up of the following four wholly-owned subsidiaries:

Semiconductor:

•

•

SiC/LED:

•

Bruce Technologies, a Massachusetts corporation based in North Billerica, Massachusetts, acquired in 
July 2004; and

BTU,  a  Delaware  corporation  based  in  North  Billerica,  Massachusetts,  with  operations  in  China, 
Malaysia and the United Kingdom, acquired in January 2015. 

P.R. Hoffman, an Arizona corporation based in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, acquired in July 1997.

Automation:

•

R2D, a French corporation located near Montpellier, France, acquired in October 2007.

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additionally, our discontinued operations are comprised of:

Solar:

•

Tempress, a Texas corporation based in Vaassen, the Netherlands, acquired in 1994 and subsequently 
reincorporated in the Netherlands.

Our  previously  reported  Solar  segment  also  included  SoLayTec,  a  Netherlands  Corporation,  and  R2D.  

SoLayTec was sold in 2019 (see Notes 2 and 16).  R2D became the Automation segment.

In April 2019, we announced that our Board determined that it was in the long-term best interest of Amtech to 
exit the solar business segment and focus our strategic efforts on our semiconductor and silicon carbide/polishing 
business  segments  in  order  to  more  fully  realize  growth  opportunities  we  believe  are  presented  in  power 
semiconductors.  After announcing the planned divestiture of our Solar segment, we conducted an evaluation of our 
organizational  structure.  Beginning  with  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  2019,  we  made  changes  to  our  reportable 
segments  as  shown  above.    Prior  period  amounts  have  been  revised  to  conform  to  the  current  period  segment 
reporting structure.

Our  major  emphasis  in  the  semiconductor  industry  is  the  development  of  equipment  for  thermal  processing 
and  deposition  for  semiconductor  manufacturing,  specifically  focusing  on  substrate,  fabrication,  packaging  and 
surface-mount  technology  (“SMT”).  The  markets  we  serve  are  experiencing  technological  advances  and  are, 
historically, cyclical.  Therefore, future profitability and growth depend on our ability to invest in, develop and/or 
acquire and market new technology products and on our ability to adapt to cyclical trends.

Integrated circuits, optoelectronic, sensor, and discrete (O-S-D) components, such as power chips, LEDs, and 
some MEMS are semiconductor devices fabricated on silicon and compound silicon, such as silicon carbide, wafer 
substrates.    Semiconductor  chips  are  part  of  the  circuitry  of  many  products  including  inverters,  computers, 
telecommunications  devices,  automotive  electronics  and  sensors,  consumer  electronics,  and  industrial  automation 
and  control  systems.  LEDs  manufactured  using  our  equipment  are  used  in  industrial,  commercial  and  residential 
lighting.    Our  wafer  handling,  thermal  processing  and  consumable  products  currently  address  the  diffusion  and 
deposition steps used in the fabrication of semiconductors, LEDs, MEMS and the polishing of newly sliced silicon 
and  compound  semiconductor  wafers,  as  well  as  the  packaging  and  assembly  of  the  electronic  components  and 
assemblies.    Our  reflow  ovens  provide  key  thermal  processing  steps  for  both  semiconductor  packaging  and 
electronics  assembly.  Key  end-markets  for  these  packages  and  assemblies  include:  communications,  automotive 
electronics and sensors, computing & networking, and consumer and industrial electronics.

Our  SiC/LED  segment  provides  solutions  to  the  lapping  and  polishing  marketplace  for  SiC  power  chip 
applications,  LED,  optics  and  photonics.    Lapping  is  the  process  of  abrading  components  with  a  high  degree  of 
precision for flatness, parallelism and surface finish.   Common applications for this technology are silicon wafers 
for  semiconductor  products,  compound  substrates,  like  silicon  carbide  wafers,  for  LED  and  power  device 
applications, sapphire substrates for LED lighting and mobile devices, various glass and silica components for 3D 
image  transmission,  quartz  and  ceramic  components  for  telecommunications  devices,  medical  device  components 
and optical and photonics applications.

We believe our product portfolio, developed through a track record of technological innovation as well as the 
successful integration of key acquisitions, provides exceptional value to semiconductor manufacturing by increasing 
yields, efficiency and throughput. We have been providing manufacturing solutions to the semiconductor industry 
for over 30 years and have leveraged our semiconductor technology and industry presence to capitalize on growth 
opportunities.  Our  customers  use  our  equipment  to  manufacture  semiconductor  chips,  silicon  and  compound 
semiconductor  wafers  and  MEMS,  which  are  used  in  end  markets  such  as  telecommunications,  consumer  and 
industrial  electronics,  computers,  automotive  electronics  and  sensors,  and  mobile  devices.  To  complement  our 
research and development efforts, we also sell our equipment to, and coordinate certain development efforts with, 
research institutes, universities and customers.

7

The semiconductor industry is cyclical and historically has experienced significant fluctuations. Our revenue 

is impacted by these broad industry trends.

GROWTH AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY 

Our objective is to grow revenue and expand our operations, which we seek to accomplish through the pursuit 

of the following strategies:

Capitalize  on  Growth  Opportunities  in  the  Semiconductor  Industry  by  Leveraging  Our  Thermal  and 
Material Processing Expertise, Top-Tier Customer Relationships, Track Record of Technological Innovation and 
Exceptional Customer Service.  We believe that long-term growth in the semiconductor industry will be driven by 
emerging growth in new compound substrates, such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride, and the growing demand 
for  5G  and  mobility,  consumer  and  industrial  Internet-of-Things  (IoT),  A.I.,  Big  Data,  accelerated  adoption  of 
sensors  and  electronics  in  the  automotive  industry,  and  China’s  investment  in  their  domestic  semiconductor 
production capacity.  As the semiconductor market continues to develop and evolve, advances in process technology 
will  be  vital  to  remaining  competitive.  We  intend  to  continue  leveraging  our  market  position,  relationships  with 
leading  global  semiconductor  customers  and  demonstrated  track  record  of  technical  innovation  and  exceptional 
customer service to maximize sales of our current and next-generation technology solutions.

Develop  Multi-Product  Solutions  to  Expand  Our  Addressable  Market.  We  are  focused  on  acquiring, 
developing and licensing new products across our business in response to customer needs in the markets we serve. 
As  we  add  to  our  product  portfolio,  we  plan  to  continue  expanding  our  offerings  within  the  semiconductor  and 
silicon  carbide  production  processes,  thus  capturing  a  greater  percentage  of  capital  spent  on  increasing 
semiconductor and silicon carbide production.  We have successfully developed products to expand our addressable 
market  and  continue  to  make  evolutionary  upgrades  to  our  existing  equipment  and  service  offerings  across  our 
operating segments.  In addition to developing new products, we plan to invest in upgrades to our existing product 
offerings to stay competitive in the markets we serve.  As a result, we expect to increase our capital expenditures 
and research and development expenses in fiscal 2020 and beyond for these upgrades as well as for the development 
of specific new products.

Pursue Strategic Acquisitions That Complement Our Strong Platform. Historically, we have developed and 
implemented  an  acquisition  strategy  consistent  with  our  focus  of  maintaining  market  leadership  and  technology 
innovation  that  addresses  the  continued  growth  in  the  semiconductor  industry.    As  part  of  this  strategy,  we 
continually  evaluate  potential  technology,  product  and  business  acquisitions  or  joint  ventures  that  we  believe  will 
increase our existing market share in the semiconductor and SiC/LED industries and expand our addressable market. 
In  evaluating  these  opportunities,  our  objectives  include:  enhancing  our  earnings  and  cash  flows,  adding 
complementary  product  offerings,  expanding  our  geographic  footprint,  improving  our  production  efficiency  and 
expanding our customer base.  As a result, we continue to manage our balance sheet to maintain adequate liquidity 
in order to react quickly as these opportunities arise.

Invest  in  Our  Infrastructure  and  Capacity.  In  July  2019,  we  announced  that  we  would  be  moving  our 
SiC/LED  segment  to  a  new  location  in  January  2020.    This  new  location  allows  us  to  sufficiently  increase  our 
manufacturing footprint and position our business to meet the expected longer-term increase in demand for our SiC, 
optics,  and  silicon  substrate  product  solutions.    We  are  also  assessing  the  manufacturing  space  used  by  our 
Semiconductor segment for capacity expansion, added efficiencies and cost savings.  This assessment could result in 
a future relocation of a manufacturing facility and/or investments in upgrades to existing facilities.  In addition, we 
are evaluating our ERP systems and needs in order to allow for greater efficiencies and to ensure our infrastructure 
can support our future growth plans.

SEMICONDUCTOR AND SiC/LED OPERATIONS 

We  provide  diffusion  and  reflow  equipment  as  well  as  wafer  polishing  equipment  and  related  services  to 
leading  semiconductor  manufacturers.  Our  products  include  horizontal  diffusion  furnaces  used  to  produce 
semiconductors, silicon wafers and MEMS, as well as double-sided lapping and polishing equipment, double-sided 
lapping and polishing carriers, single side polishing templates, mass wafer transfer systems, loaders and sorters.

8

As demand for increasingly sophisticated electronic devices continues, new technologies such as electric and 
autonomous  automobiles,  artificial  intelligence,  advanced  power  management,  advances  in  consumer  electronics, 
mobile devices and IoT will help to drive future growth. Electronic equipment continues to become more complex, 
yet  end  users  are  still  demanding  smaller,  lighter  and  less  expensive  devices.  This,  in  turn,  requires  increased 
performance and reduced cost, size, weight and power requirements of electronic assemblies, printed circuit boards 
and  semiconductors.  In  response  to  these  developments,  manufacturers  are  increasingly  employing  more 
sophisticated production and assembly techniques requiring more advanced manufacturing equipment, such as that 
supplied by our subsidiary, BTU.

Although the semiconductor market has experienced significant growth over the past fifteen years, it remains 
cyclical  by  nature.  The  market  is  characterized  by  short-term  periods  of  under  or  over  utilization  of  capacity  for 
most semiconductors, including microprocessors, memory, power management chips and other logic devices.  When 
capacity  utilization  decreases  due  to  the  addition  of  excess  capacity,  semiconductor  manufacturers  typically  slow 
their purchasing of capital equipment. Conversely, when capacity utilization increases, so does capital spending.

AUTOMATION OPERATIONS

We  are  a  leading  supplier  of  semiconductor  and  solar  automation  with  in-house  design  and  manufacturing 
capabilities and offer a full array of single wafer transfer tools as well as batch transfer tools and stocker options.  
We offer furnace automation and wafer handling systems used within semiconductor wafer and device processing 
steps.  Our  automation  equipment  includes  mass  wafer  transfer  systems,  sorters,  long-boat  transfer  systems,  load 
station  elevators,  buffers  and  conveyers,  which  we  sell  both  in  connection  with  our  diffusion  furnaces  and  on  a 
standalone basis.  In November 2019, we completed the sale of our subsidiary, R2D, to certain members of R2D’s 
management team.  We will recognize a loss of approximately $3.0 million in the first quarter of 2020 and R2D will 
no longer be included in our consolidated financial statements.

SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS

Our furnace and automation equipment are manufactured in our facilities in Massachusetts, the Netherlands, 

France and China. The following paragraphs describe the products that comprise our semiconductor business:

Horizontal  Diffusion  Furnaces.  Through  Bruce  Technologies,  we  produce  and  sell  200mm  and  300mm 
horizontal  diffusion  and  deposition  furnaces.  Our  horizontal  furnaces  currently  address  several  steps  in  the 
semiconductor manufacturing process, including diffusion, LPCVD, high temperature oxidation (used in silicon and 
silicon carbide power chips), and annealing.

Our  horizontal  furnaces  generally  consist  of  three  large  modules:  the  load  station,  where  the  loading  of  the 
wafers  occurs;  the  furnace  section,  which  is  comprised  of  one  to  four  thermal  reactor  chambers;  and  the  gas 
distribution cabinet, where the flow of gases into the reactor chambers is controlled, and is often customized to meet 
the  requirements  of  our  customers’  particular  processes.  The  horizontal  furnaces  utilize  a  combination  of  existing 
industry and proprietary technologies and are sold primarily to semiconductor customers. Our products are capable 
of processing all currently existing wafer sizes.

Continuous  Thermal  Processing  Systems.  Through  BTU,  we  produce  and  sell  thermal  processing  systems 
used  in  the  solder  reflow  and  curing  stages  of  printed  circuit  board  assembly  as  well  as  systems  for  the  thermal 
processes  used  in  advanced  semiconductor  packaging.  Our  printed  circuit  board  assembly  products  are  used 
primarily in the advanced, high-density segments of the market that utilize surface mount technology.

Flip-chip  reflow  provides  the  physical  and  electronic  bond  of  the  semiconductor  device  to  its  package.  Our 
range of convection reflow systems, utilizing patented closed loop convection technology, are rated at up to 400°C 
and  operate  in  air  or  nitrogen  atmospheres.  These  products  utilize  forced  impingement  convection  technology  to 
transfer heat to the substrate. Using thermal power arrays of up to five kilowatts, they can process substrates in dual 
lane,  dual  speed  configurations,  thereby  enabling  our  customers  to  double  production  without  increasing  the 
machine’s footprint. These products are available in four models based on the heated lengths of thermal processing 
chambers. Heated length is based on the required production rate and loading requirements.

9

High-Temperature Belt Furnace.  We also produce and sell custom, high-temperature belt furnaces, which 
have  been  manufactured  in  Massachusetts  for over  six  decades with ISO  9001:2015  quality  certification 
safeguarding that each unit is subject to exacting build and test criteria.

SiC/LED PRODUCTS

Our SiC/LED segment manufactures the products described below in Pennsylvania and sells them under our 

PR Hoffman brand name.

Substrate  Carriers.    We  manufacture  carriers  in  a  variety  of  sizes  and  materials.    Sizes  range  from  3  to  38 
inches in diameter using a variety of special steels, laminates and extruded polymer raw materials.  Silicon wafers, 
compound  semiconductor  wafers,  and  large  optics  require  special  insert  carriers.    These  carriers  combine  the 
strength of hardened steel as the processing backbone with a softer plastic material in the work holes known as an 
insert.    Inserts  are  permanently  molded  into  the  work  holes  in  a  pressurized  process.    These  inserted  work  holes 
provide  smoother  processing,  improved  wafer  total  thickness  variation  (TTV)  and  improved  wafer  edge  quality.  
Insert carriers are available for all wafer sizes from 75mm to 450mm and can be made from hardened and tempered 
carbon  steel  or  specialized  stainless  steel  when  metal  contamination  is  a  processing  concern.    Insert  carriers  are 
widely  accepted  as  the  industry  solution  for  both  prime  wafer  and  reclaim  wafer  manufacturers  when  dual  sided 
lapping or polishing are utilized in their front-end wafer process.

Substrate  Polishing  Templates.  Our  polishing  templates  are  used  to  securely  hold  silicon  carbide,  silicon, 
sapphire or other wafer materials in place during single-sided wax-free polishing processes. Polishing templates are 
customized  for  specific  applications  and  are  manufactured  to  extremely  tight  tolerances.  We  offer  a  variety  of 
options to provide the best solution for each specific process. Polishing templates are manufactured for all brands of 
tools  and  virtually  any  wax-free  customer  process.  Critical  front-end  wafer  surface  specifications  are  finalized 
during the polishing process.

Double-Sided Lapping and Polishing Machines. Double-sided lapping and polishing machines are designed 
to process materials such as silicon wafers, sapphire and other wafer-like materials, precision optics, computer disks, 
ceramic  components,  specialty  metal  products  to  exact  tolerances  of  thickness,  flatness,  parallelism  and  surface 
finish.  On  average,  we  believe  that  we  offer  our  surface  processing  systems  with  a  lower  cost  of  ownership  than 
systems  offered  by  our  competitors.    We  target  the  compound  substrate,  semiconductor,  optical  sapphire,  glass, 
quartz, ceramics, medical, computer disk and metal working markets.

AUTOMATION PRODUCTS

Our  R2D  automation  equipment  includes  batch  wafer  transfer  systems,  sorters,  long-boat  transfer  systems, 
load  station  elevators,  buffers  and  conveyers.  We  use  vacuum  technology  in  our  Standalone  and  our  Full 
Automation wafer transfer systems designed to ensure high throughput and reduced breakage, resulting in increased 
yield. 

Use of our automation products reduces human handling and, therefore, reduces exposure of wafers to particle 
sources and breakage during the loading and unloading of the process tubes and protects operators from heat and 
chemical  fumes.  The  top  reactor  chamber  of  a  horizontal  furnace  can  be  as  much  as  eight  feet  from  the  floor  on 
which the operator stands when manually loading wafer boats.  Typical boats of 150mm to 300mm wafers weigh 
three  to  six  pounds.  Given  these  two  factors,  automating  the  wafer  loading  and  unloading  of  a  diffusion  furnace 
improves employee safety and ergonomics in silicon wafer and semiconductor manufacturing facilities.

S-300. Our patented S-300 model provides an efficient method of automatically transporting a full batch of up 
to  300  wafers  to  the  designated  tube  level  and  automatically  placing  them  directly  onto  the  cantilever  loader  of  a 
diffusion  furnace.  This  product  is  suitable  for  the  production  of  nearly  all  semiconductors  manufactured  using  a 
horizontal furnace. The S-300 can be used in conjunction with all current wafer sizes and is particularly well suited 
for manufacturers of 300mm wafers.

10

Comet  and  Gemini.  Our  Comet  and  Gemini  series  of  wafer  transfer  systems  include  a  wide  range  of 
configurations  and  footprints  to  meet  the  needs  of  our  customers  who  serve  the  semiconductor  industry.    Comet 
Sorter  with  Optical  Character  Recognition  (OCR)  is  used  in  sorting,  randomizing,  compacting  or  tracking.    The 
Comet Sorter is cassette to cassette with OCR front and back scribe functions, notch alignment and SECSII Gem 
communication.  Comet ID Readers check tag carriers, then read each wafer scribe. The Comet ID Reader sends the 
information to the host with SECSII Gem commands.

We  also  specialize  in  precision  controlled,  high-temperature  belt  furnaces  for  a  wide  range  of  custom 
applications, such as brazing, direct bond  copper (DBC), diffusion, sintering and heat treatment. These controlled 
atmosphere  furnaces  are  available  with  temperature  ranges  up  to  1150°C  and  with  various  process  atmospheres, 
including hydrogen and nitrogen.

MANUFACTURING, RAW MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES 

Our  semiconductor  manufacturing  activities  consist  primarily  of  engineering  design  to  meet  specific  and 
evolving  customer  needs  and  procurement  and  assembly  of  various  commercial  and  proprietary  components  into 
finished thermal processing systems and related automation in North Billerica, Massachusetts; Shanghai, China; and 
Clapiers, France.

Our  manufacturing  activities  in  the  polishing  business  include  laser-cutting  and  other  fabrication  steps  in 
producing  lapping  and  polishing  consumables,  including  carriers,  templates,  gears,  wear  items  and  spare  parts  in 
Carlisle, Pennsylvania, from raw materials manufactured to our specifications by our suppliers. These products are 
engineered  and  designed  for  specific  applications  and  to  meet  the  increasingly  tight  tolerances  required  by  our 
customers.  Many items, such as proprietary components for our semiconductor equipment and lapping plates, are 
purchased from suppliers who manufacture these items to our specifications.

Final  assembly  and  tests  of  our  manufactured  equipment  and  machines  are  performed  within  our 
manufacturing  facilities.  Quality  control  is  maintained  through  inspection  of  incoming  materials  and  components, 
in-process  inspection  during  equipment  assembly,  testing  of  assemblies  and  final  inspection  and,  when  practical, 
operation of manufactured equipment prior to shipment.

Since  much  of  our  polishing  supplies  know-how  relates  to  the  manufacture  of  these  products,  our  Carlisle 
facility is equipped to perform a significantly higher percentage of the fabrication steps required in the production of 
its  products.  However,  injection  molding  for  our  insert  carriers  and  the  manufacture  of  raw  cast  iron  plates  are 
subcontracted  out  to  various  third  parties.  Our  polishing  supplies  business  relies  on  key  suppliers  for  certain 
materials, including two steel mills in Germany and Japan, an injection molder, a single-sourced pad supplier from 
Japan and an adhesive manufacturer. To minimize the risk of production and service interruptions and/or shortages 
of key parts, we seek to maintain appropriate inventory levels of key raw materials and parts.

Throughout  fiscal  2019,  we  experienced  increased  lead  times  for  various  parts  and  services  across  all  our 
operating segments.  The most significant lead times related to silicon carbide and custom-molded parts.  As a result 
of the increases in lead-times for these parts, we have increased the amount of on-hand inventory related to long-
lead  time  items,  however,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  we  will  have  enough  inventory  on-hand  at  the  time  we 
receive orders and that we will not incur delays in production time.

CUSTOMERS AND SEASONALITY

Our customers are primarily manufacturers of integrated circuits.  During 2019, 59% of our net revenue from 
continuing operations came from customers outside of North America. This group represented 76% of revenues in 
2018.    In  2019,  net  revenue  from  continuing  operations  was  distributed  among  customers  in  different  geographic 
regions as follows: North/South America 41% (35% of which is in the United States), Asia 41% (including 18% to 
China, 5% to Malaysia and 10% to Taiwan) and Europe 18%.  No individual customer accounted for 10% or more 
of  net  revenues  from  our  continuing  operations  in  2019.    In  2018,  one  Semiconductor  customer  individually 
accounted  for  14%  of  our  net  revenues.  In  2017,  one  Semiconductor  customer  accounted  for  13%  of  our  net 
revenues.  A turnkey customer accounted for 58% and 50% of net revenues at our discontinued operations in 2018 
and 2017, respectively.

11

Our business is not seasonal in nature, but is cyclical based on the capital equipment investment patterns of 
semiconductor manufacturers. These expenditure patterns are based on many factors, including capacity utilization, 
anticipated demand, the development of new technologies and global and regional economic conditions.

SALES AND MARKETING

Due  to  the  highly  technical  nature  of  our  products,  we  market  our  products  primarily  by  direct  customer 
contact  through  our  sales  personnel  and  through  a  network  of  domestic  and  international  independent  sales 
representatives and distributors that specialize in semiconductor equipment and supplies. Our promotional activities 
include direct sales contacts, participation in trade shows, an internet website, advertising in trade magazines and the 
distribution of product brochures.

Sales  to  distributors  are  generally  on  terms  comparable  to  sales  to  end-user  customers,  as  our  distributors 
generally  quote  their  customers  after  first  obtaining  a  quote  from  us  and  have  an  order  from  the  end-user  before 
placing  an  order  with  us.  Our  sales  to  distributors  are  not  contingent  on  their  future  sales  and  do  not  include  a 
general  right  of  return.  Historically,  returns  have  been  rare.  Distributors  of  our  semiconductor  equipment  do  not 
stock a significant amount of our products, as the inventory they hold is generally limited to parts needed to provide 
timely repairs to customers.

RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING

The markets we serve are characterized by rapidly-evolving industry standards and technological change. To 
compete  effectively,  we  must  continually  maintain  or  exceed  the  pace  of  such  change  by  improving  our  products 
and our process technologies and by developing new technologies and products that are competitive based on price 
and performance. To assure that these technologies and products address current and future customer requirements, 
we obtain as much customer cooperation and input as possible, thus increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of 
our research and development efforts. In addition, we look for strategic acquisitions, that will provide us with new 
technologies to compete effectively in the markets in which we operate.

From  time  to  time  we  add  functionality  to  our  products  or  develop  new  products  during  engineering  and 
manufacturing to fulfill specifications in a customer’s order, in which case the cost of development, along with other 
costs of the order, are charged to cost of sales. We periodically receive research grants for research and development 
of products, which are netted against our research, development and engineering costs.  In 2019, 2018 and 2017, we 
recorded  research,  development  and  engineering  expense  of  $3.1  million,  $2.9  million  and  $2.7  million, 
respectively.  We plan to continue to add new products and also to invest in upgrades to existing product offerings to 
stay competitive in the markets we serve.  As a result, we expect to increase our capital expenditures and research 
and development expenses in fiscal 2020 for these upgrades as well as for the development of specific new products.

COMPETITION

We compete in several distinct equipment markets for semiconductor devices, semiconductor wafers, MEMS, 
electronics assembly, lapping and polishing machines as well as the markets for supplies used in the LED, mobile 
devices and semiconductor industries. Each of these markets is highly competitive. Our ability to compete depends 
on  our  ability  to  continually  improve  our  products,  processes  and  services,  as  well  as  our  ability  to  develop  new 
products  that  meet  constantly  evolving  customer  requirements.  Significant  competitive  factors  for  succeeding  in 
these markets include the product’s technical capability, productivity, cost-effectiveness, overall reliability, ease of 
use and maintenance, contamination and defect control and the level of technical service and support.

The Semiconductor Device and MEMS Markets. Equipment and automation produced by our Semiconductor 
operating  segment  primarily  competes  with  those  produced  by  other  original  equipment  manufacturers,  some  of 
which  are  well-established  firms  that  are  much  larger  and  have  substantially  greater  financial  and  other  resources 
than  we  have  with  which  to  pursue  development,  engineering,  manufacturing,  marketing  and  distribution  of  their 
products and may generally be better situated to withstand adverse economic or market conditions. Competitors of 
our  horizontal  diffusion  furnaces  include  Centrotherm  GmbH,  Sandvik  Thermal  Process,  Inc.,  a  subsidiary  of 
Sandvik AB, CVD Equipment, Inc., Semco Engineering S.A. and Meyer Burger, Ltd.

12

Our  principal  competitors  for  printed  circuit  board  assembly  equipment  and  advanced  semiconductor 
packaging vary by product application. The principal competitors for solder reflow systems are ITW/EAE Vitronics-
Soltec,  Heller,  Folungwin,  ERSA,  Shenzhen  JT  Automation  Equipment  Co.,  Ltd.  and  Rehm.  The  principal 
competitors  for  advanced  semiconductor  packaging  are  ITW/EAE  Vitronics-Soltec  and  Heller.  Our  in-line, 
furnaces  compete  primarily  against  products  offered  by  Centrotherm  and 
controlled  atmosphere 
SierraTherm/Schmid Thermal Systems. We also face competition from emerging low-cost Asian manufacturers and 
other established European manufacturers.

Although  price  is  a  factor  in  buying  decisions,  we  believe  that  technological  leadership,  process  capability, 
throughput,  safer  designs,  uptime,  mean  time-to-repair,  cost  of  ownership  and  after-sale  support  have  become 
increasingly important factors to purchasers of our products. As such, we believe we compete primarily on the basis 
of these criteria, rather than on the basis of price alone.

General  Industrial  Lapping  and  Polishing  Machines,  Supplies  and  Semiconductor  Wafer  Markets.  Our 
SiC/LED operating segment experiences price competition for wafer carriers from foreign manufacturers for which 
there is very little publicly available information. As a result, we are intensifying our efforts to reduce the cost of our 
carriers and will continue to compete with other manufacturers of carriers by continuing to update our product line 
to  keep  pace  with  the  rapid  changes  in  our  customers’  requirements  and  by  providing  a  high  level  of  quality  and 
customer  service.  We  produce  steel  carriers,  including  insert  carriers,  on  an  advanced  laser-cutting  tool,  which 
reduces our costs and lead times and increases our control over quality.  Competitors of our lapping and polishing 
machines  and  supplies  include  Lapmaster  Wolters,  Speedfam  Co.  Ltd.,  Hamai  Co.,  Ltd.,  Onse,  Inc.  and  Eminess 
Technologies,  Inc.    Our  strategy  to  enhance  our  sales  of  wafer  carriers  and  templates  includes  developing  new 
applications  in  close  collaboration  with  our  customers,  continuous  improvement  in  our  products  and  providing  a 
high level of customer support and products that deliver greater value to our customers.

EMPLOYEES

As  of  September 30,  2019,  we  employed  415  people.  Of  these  employees,  12  were  based  at  our  corporate 
offices in Tempe, Arizona, 39 at our manufacturing plant in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 99 at our manufacturing plant in 
N.  Billerica,  Massachusetts,  134  at  our  facilities  in  China,  12  at  other  Asia-Pacific  offices,  37  at  our  facilities  in 
France,  7  at  our  office  in  the  United  Kingdom  and  75  at  our  Solar  discontinued  operations.  Of  the  39  people 
employed  at  our  Carlisle,  Pennsylvania  facility,  19  were  represented  by  the  United  Auto  Workers  Union  -  Local 
1443. We have never experienced a work stoppage or strike, and other than employees at the Carlisle facility, no 
other  employees  are  represented  by  a  union.  Certain  of  our  employees  are  subject  to  collective  bargaining 
agreements.  We consider our employee relations to be good.

13

PATENTS 

The  following  table  shows  our  material  patents,  the  patents  licensed  by  us,  and  the  expiration  date  of  each 

patent and license:

Product
Multiple methods for manufacturing a solar cell and related 
equipment
Method for manufacturing a solar cell; N-type cells with reverse 
flow
and metal wrap-through
Method for manufacturing a solar cell; N-type cells with reverse 
flow
and metal wrap-through
Wafer boat and use thereof
Wafer boat loader assembly, furnace system, use thereof and 
method for
operating said assembly
IBAL (Individual Boats with Automated Loading) Model S-300
Systems and methods for charging solar cell layers
Ultrafast gas bearing-based reactive ion etching
Modular furnace system
Convection furnace thermal profile enhancement
Lapping machine adjustable mechanism
RFID-containing carriers used for silicon wafer quality
Polishing machine wafer holder

Countries

Expiration Date or
Pending Approval

Various

Netherlands

United States

Netherlands
Netherlands

United States
Various
Europe
United States
United States
Various
United States
Taiwan

Various

2032

2033

2034
2035

Various
Various
2030
2021
2023
2027
2027
2037

To our knowledge, there are currently no pending lawsuits against us regarding infringement of any existing 
patents  or  other  intellectual  property  rights  or  any  material  unresolved  claims  made  by  third  parties  that  we  are 
infringing the intellectual property rights of such third parties.

DISCONTINUED SOLAR OPERATIONS AND PRODUCTS

On  April  3,  2019,  we  announced  that  the  Board  determined  that  it  was  in  the  long-term  best  interest  of  the 
Company  to  exit  the  Solar  business  segment  and  to  focus  our  strategic  efforts  on  our  semiconductor  and  silicon 
carbide/polishing  business  segments  in  order  to  more  fully  realize  the  opportunities  we  believe  are  presented  in 
those  markets.  The  anticipated  divestiture  included  our  Tempress  and  SoLayTec  subsidiaries,  which  comprised 
substantially all of our Solar segment.

The Board made its decision after analyzing our past performance, current market conditions and the strategic 
outlook  for  our  Solar  segment,  which  operates  in  a  highly  competitive  market  among  lower  cost  manufacturers, 
particularly in China. Historical fluctuations in the solar cell industry combined with downward pricing pressure has 
negatively affected the Company’s results of operations in recent years. This pricing pressure has contributed to the 
losses incurred by our Solar segment and overshadowed the revenue growth and profitability of our semiconductor 
and  silicon  carbide/polishing  segments.  While  we  have  in  the  past  and  are  currently  taking  actions  to  reduce 
headcount and lower our cost structure, the process involved in the Netherlands to accomplish these actions takes 
significant time, during which losses and cash burn are likely to continue. As previously disclosed in our periodic 
reports, we had been pursuing strategic alternatives for the continued operation of the Solar segment. After further 
assessment,  however  (including  input  from  management  of  the  Solar  segment  and  our  professional  advisors),  the 
Board determined that the investment required to return our Solar business to profitability would be better utilized to 
pursue strategic opportunities in the Semiconductor and SiC/LED segments.

On June 7, 2019 (“Sale Date”), we completed the sale of our subsidiary, SoLayTec, to a third party located in 
the Netherlands. Upon the Sale Date, we recognized a gain of approximately $1.6 million, which we included in loss 
from discontinued operations reported in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended September 
30, 2019. Also, effective on the Sale Date, SoLayTec is no longer included in our consolidated financial statements. 
SoLayTec is not material to Amtech’s results of operations or financial position. 

14

Our  Solar  discontinued  operations  provide  process  equipment  and  related  cell  manufacturing  equipment  to 

many of the world’s leading solar cell manufacturers.

Our  primary  process  equipment  focus  is  our  existing  solar  diffusion  furnace  and  the  development  of  next-
generation  diffusion  furnaces,  including  our  proprietary  N-type  systems  and  our  PECVD  systems.    Additionally, 
through SoLayTec, we produced, developed, delivered and serviced ultrafast ALD machines used in high efficiency 
solar cells.

Although the solar market has experienced tremendous growth over the past five years, it is characterized by 
periods  of  rapid  capacity  expansion  followed  by  periods  of  rapid  contraction  in  our  customers’  capital  spending.  
When  actual  and  expected  end-user  demand  outstrips  available  capacity,  this  triggers  the  beginning  of  the  next 
period of expansion.

Solar Cell Markets. Our Solar discontinued operations experiences increased competition from local Chinese 
equipment manufacturers, including S.C New Energy, 48th Institute and Naura Technology Group Co., which may 
receive varying levels of financial support from the Chinese government. Our primary competitive advantages over 
such local manufacturers include our high-throughput equipment platforms, higher-efficiency solar cell production 
technologies,  greater  knowledge  of  the  complete  cell  manufacturing  process  and  advanced  automation,  which  we 
develop in collaboration with customers and research institutes.

We have developed two applications utilized in solar device technology. Our solar PECVD product applies an 
anti-reflective coating to solar wafers; a coating critical to the efficiency of solar cells.  PECVD layers are also used 
for passivation of the front and/or back side of the solar cell. We recently introduced TOPCON technology, a new 
application in solar cell processing offering cell efficiency potentials of greater than 22%.  We are exploring next-
generation high-efficiency technology and dedicating our efforts to process development.

ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS

In September 2015, we sold a portion of our equity interest in Kingstone Hong Kong to a China-based venture 
capital  firm.    Kingstone  Hong  Kong  is  the  parent  company  of  Shanghai  Kingstone,  a Shanghai-based  technology 
company specializing in ion implant solutions for the solar and semiconductor industries (in which we acquired a 
55% ownership in February 2011). Proceeds from this sale were paid to Amtech and used to fund our core strategic 
initiatives.  After  giving  effect  to  this  sale  transaction,  we  owned  15%  of  Kingstone  Hong  Kong,  which  in  turn 
represented  an  8%  beneficial  ownership  interest  in  Shanghai  Kingstone.    Effective  June  29,  2018,  we  sold  this 
remaining 15% ownership interest in Kingstone Hong Kong to the majority owner for approximately $5.7 million.

In  December  2014,  in  furtherance  of  our  business  model  and  growth  through  strategic  acquisitions,  we 
expanded  our  presence  in  the  solar  market  by  acquiring  a  51%  controlling  interest  in  SoLayTec,  which  provides 
ALD  systems  used  in  high  efficiency  solar  cells.    In  July  2017,  we  acquired  the  remaining  49%  interest  in 
SoLayTec.  On June 7, 2019, we completed the sale of SoLayTec to a third party located in the Netherlands.  Upon 
the  sale,  we  recognized  a  gain  of  approximately  $1.6  million,  which  we  included  in  loss  from  discontinued 
operations reported in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended September 30, 2019.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

Our corporate website, www.amtechsystems.com, provides materials for investors and information about our 
products. Through our website, we make available, without charge, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly 
Reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably 
practicable  after  such  materials  are  electronically  filed,  or  furnished  to,  the  SEC.    The  information  found  on  our 
website, or information that may be accessed through links on our website, are not part of this or any other report we 
file with, or furnish to, the SEC. In addition, our SEC filings are available at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

Our business faces significant risks. Because of the following factors, as well as other variables affecting our 
operating results and financial condition, past performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance, 
and  historical  trends  should  not  be  used  to  anticipate  results  or  trends  in  future  periods.    We  operate  in  a 
continually  changing  business  environment,  and  new  risks  and  uncertainties  emerge  from  time  to  time.  
Management cannot predict such new risks and uncertainties, nor can it assess the extent to which any of the risk 
factors below or any such new risks and uncertainties, or any combination thereof, may impact our business.  The 
following risk factors should be read in conjunction with the other information and risks set forth herein.

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Risks Related to the Semiconductor Industry

There is ongoing volatility in the semiconductor equipment industry.

The  semiconductor  equipment  industry  is  highly  cyclical  and  volatile.  As  such,  demand  for,  and  the 
profitability  of,  our  products  can  change  significantly  from  period  to  period  as  a  result  of  numerous  factors, 
including the following:

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changes in global and regional economic conditions;

the shift of semiconductor production to Asia, where there often is increased price competition;

tariffs, quotas and international trade barriers;

changes  in  capacity  utilization  and  production  volume  of  manufacturers  of  semiconductors,  silicon 
wafers and MEMS;

the profitability and capital resources of those manufacturers; and

challenges associated with marketing and selling manufacturing equipment and services to a diverse and 
diffuse customer base.

For these and other reasons, our results of operations for past periods may not be indicative of future operating 
results.  In addition, as we announced in April 2019, we are focused on exiting the Solar business segment in order 
to  focus  our  strategic  efforts  on  our  semiconductor  and  silicon  carbide/polishing  business  segments.    While  these 
efforts remain ongoing, we expect our results of operations for past periods related to our Solar business segment 
will not be indicative of our future operating results.

The purchasing decisions of our customers are highly dependent on their capacity utilization, which changes 
when  new  facilities  are  put  into  production  and  with  the  level  of  demand  for  our  products,  as  well  as  their 
company’s capital expenditure budget.  Purchasing decisions are also impacted by changes in the economies of the 
countries which our customers serve, as well as the state of the worldwide industries in which we operate or expect 
to operate in the future. The timing, length and severity of the up-and-down cycles in the semiconductor equipment 
industry  are  difficult  to  predict.  Additionally,  we  generally  experience  a  one-to-two  quarter  lag  between 
upturns/downturns experienced by larger equipment manufacturers.  The cyclical nature of our marketplace affects 
our ability to accurately budget our expense levels, which are based in part on our projections of future revenue.

When  cyclical  fluctuations  result  in  lower  than  expected  revenue  levels,  operating  results  are  adversely 
affected.  Cost reduction measures may be necessary in order for us to remain competitive and financially sound. 
During a down cycle, our operating results may be adversely affected if we are unable to make timely adjustments to 
our  cost  and  expense  structure  to  correspond  to  the  prevailing  market  conditions;  effectively  manage  the  supply 
chain; and motivate and retain key employees. In addition, during periods of rapid growth, our operating results may 
be adversely affected if we are unable to increase manufacturing capacity and personnel to meet customer demand, 
which may require additional liquidity. We can provide no assurance that we can timely and effectively respond to 
the industry cycles, and our failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business.

The semiconductor equipment industry is highly competitive and, because we are relatively small in size and have 
fewer  financial  and  other  resources  compared  to  our  competitors,  we  may  not  be  able  to  compete  successfully 
with them.

Our  industry  includes  large  manufacturers  with  substantial  resources  to  support  customers  worldwide.  Our 
future performance depends, in part, upon our ability to continue to compete successfully in these markets. Some of 
our  competitors  are  diversified  companies  with  extensive  financial  resources  and  research,  engineering, 
manufacturing,  marketing  and  customer  service  and  support  capabilities  that  are  greater  than  ours.  We  face 
competition from companies whose strategy is to provide a broad array of products, some of which compete with the 
products and services we offer. These competitors may bundle their products in a manner that discourages customers 
from purchasing our products. In addition, we face competition from emerging semiconductor equipment companies 
whose strategy is to provide a portion of the products and services that we offer often at a lower price than ours and 
use  innovative  technology  to  sell  products  into  specialized  markets.  We  also  face  competition  from  Chinese 
equipment  manufacturers  that  may  receive  greater  support  than  we  do  from  Chinese  customers  and  governmental 
agencies  because  they  are  locally  based.  Our  local  Chinese  competitors  may  offer  lower  prices  and  more  liberal 
payment  terms  than  ours.    Loss  of  our  competitive  position  due  to  any  of  these  factors  could  impair  our  prices, 
customer  orders,  revenue,  gross  margin  and  market  share,  any  of  which  would  negatively  affect  our  financial 
position and results of operations.

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Risks Related to Our Business and Our Operations

We  may  not  be  able  to  generate  sufficient  cash  flows  or  obtain  access  to  external  financing  necessary  to  fund 
existing operations and planned expansions.

Cash  flows  may  be  insufficient  to  provide  adequate  working  capital  in  the  future  and  we  may  require 
additional  financing  for  further  implementation  of  our  growth  plans.  There  is  no  assurance  that  any  additional 
financing  will  be  available  if  and  when  required,  or,  even  if  available,  that  it  would  not  materially  dilute  the 
ownership percentage of our then existing shareholders, result in increased expenses or result in covenants or special 
rights that would restrict our operations.

We may not be able to find a buyer for our solar assets.

In April 2019, we announced our intent to divest all of our operations in the Netherlands, which comprise the 
majority of our Solar segment, as we plan to focus on our Semiconductor and SiC/LED operations. There can be no 
assurances that we will be able to timely complete a sale of our Solar segment or otherwise find a buyer for these 
assets, or, if we do complete a sale transaction, that it will be on terms acceptable to the Company. If we are unable 
to  locate  a  buyer,  we  will  have  to  seek  other  strategic  alternatives,  which  may  include  an  auction  of  our  solar 
business assets, suspending or winding down operations or the discontinued operations may file for bankruptcy. It is 
not  possible  to  predict  the  outcome  of  any  suspension,  winding  down  or  bankruptcy  proceeding  that  may  be 
required.

The  failure  to  successfully  implement  cost  reduction  initiatives  through  our  restructuring  activities,  could 
materially adversely affect our business and results of operations. 

As  noted  immediately  above,  in  April  2019,  we  announced  our  intent  to  divest  all  of  our  operations  in  the 
Netherlands,  which  comprised  the  majority  of  our  Solar  segment.    In  June  2019,  we  announced  that  we  had 
completed the sale of our subsidiary, SoLayTec, to a third party located in the Netherlands.  We expect to complete 
a sale of R2D in the first quarter of fiscal 2020.  These restructuring initiatives are being made, in part, in response 
to  significant  challenges  in  the  solar  industry.    We  cannot  assure  you  that  our  restructuring  initiatives  will  be 
successfully or timely implemented or that they will materially and positively impact our profitability. Because our 
restructuring  activities  involve  changes  to  many  aspects  of  our  business,  the  associated  cost  reductions  could 
materially adversely impact productivity and sales to an extent we have not anticipated. Even if we fully execute and 
implement  these  activities  and  they  generate  the  anticipated  cost  savings,  there  may  be  other  unforeseeable  and 
unintended consequences that could materially adversely impact our profitability and business, including unintended 
employee  attrition  or  harm  to  our  competitive  position.  To  the  extent  that  we  do  not  achieve  the  profitability 
enhancement  or  other  benefits  of  restructuring  initiatives  that  we  anticipate,  our  results  of  operations  may  be 
materially adversely affected.

We may not be able to manage the business successfully through severe business cycles.

We  may  be  unable  to  successfully  expand  or  contract  our  business  to  meet  fluctuating  demands.  Market 
fluctuations place significant strain on our management, personnel, systems and resources. In fiscal years 2010 and 
2011,  we  purchased  additional  equipment  and  real  estate  to  significantly  expand  our  manufacturing  capacity  and 
hired  additional  employees  to  support  an  increase  in  manufacturing,  field  service,  research  and  development  and 
sales and marketing efforts. Over the past several years, the rapid decline in demand caused us to reduce headcount 
in manufacturing and field service and to reduce certain research and development costs. To successfully manage 
our growth through such market fluctuations, we believe we must effectively:

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maintain the appropriate number and mix of permanent, part-time, temporary and contract employees to 
meet the fluctuating demand for our products;

train, integrate and manage personnel, particularly process engineers, field service engineers, sales and 
marketing personnel, and financial and information technology personnel to maintain and improve skills 
and morale;

retain key management and augment our management team, particularly if we lose key members;

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continue  to  enhance  our  customer  resource  and  manufacturing  management  systems  to  maintain  high 
levels of customer satisfaction and efficiencies, including inventory control;

implement and improve existing and new administrative, financial and operations systems, procedures 
and controls;

expand and upgrade our technological capabilities; and

manage multiple relationships with our customers, suppliers and other third parties.

We  may  encounter  difficulties  in  effectively  managing  the  budgeting,  forecasting  and  other  process  control 
issues presented by rapidly changing business cycles. If we are unable to manage these cycles effectively, we may 
not  be  able  to  take  advantage  of  market  opportunities,  develop  new  technologies  and  other  products,  satisfy 
customer requirements, execute our business plan or respond to competitive pressures.

Acquisitions  can  result  in  an  increase  in  our  operating  costs,  divert  management’s  attention  away  from  other 
operational matters and expose us to other risks.

We  continually  evaluate  potential  acquisitions  and  consider  acquisitions  an  important  part  of  our  future 
growth strategy, including, in particular, in connection with our new focus on our silicon carbide business segment. 
In the past, we have made acquisitions of, or significant investments in, other businesses with synergistic products, 
services  and  technologies  and  plan  to  continue  to  do  so  in  the  future.  Acquisitions  involve  numerous  risks, 
including, but not limited to:

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difficulties and increased costs in connection with integration of geographically diverse personnel,

operations, technologies and products;

diversion of management’s attention from other operational matters;

the potential loss of our key employees and the key employees of acquired companies;

the potential loss of our key customers and suppliers and the key customers and suppliers of acquired 
companies;

disagreement with joint venture or strategic alliance partners; 

failure  to  comply  with  laws  and  regulations  as  well  as  industry  or  technical  standards  of  the  overseas 
markets into which we expand;

our  inability  to  achieve  the  intended  cost  efficiency,  level  of  profitability  or  other  intended  strategic 
goals for the acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures or other strategic alliances;

lack of synergy, or inability to realize expected synergies, resulting from the acquisition;

the  possibility  that  the  issuance  of  our  common  stock,  if  any,  in  an  acquisition  or  merger  could  be 
dilutive to our shareholders;

impairment  of  acquired  assets  as  a  result  of  technological  advancements  or  worse-than-expected 
performance of the acquired company;

inability to complete proposed transactions as anticipated or at all and any ensuing obligation to pay a 
termination fee and any other associated transaction expenses;

the potential impact of the announcement or consummation of a proposed transaction on relationships 
with third parties;

potential changes in our credit rating, which could adversely impact our access to and cost of capital;

potential litigation that may arise in connection with an acquisition;

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reductions  in  cash  balances  and/or  increases  in  debt  obligations  to finance  activities  associated  with  a 
transaction, which reduce the availability of cash flow for general corporate or other purposes;

inadequacy or ineffectiveness of an acquired company’s internal financial controls, disclosure controls 
and  procedures,  and/or  environmental,  health  and  safety,  anti-corruption,  human  resource  or  other 
policies or practices; and

unknown, underestimated and/or undisclosed commitments or liabilities.

No  assurance  can  be  given  that  we  will  be  able  to  successfully  complete  future  strategic  acquisitions  if  we 
cannot  reach  agreement  on  acceptable  terms  or  for  other  reasons.    We  may  have  to  incur  debt  or  issue  equity 
securities  to  pay  for  any  future  acquisitions,  the  issuance  of  which  could  involve  the  imposition  of  restrictive 
covenants or be dilutive to our existing shareholders.

Our reliance on sales to a few major customers, often on credit terms, places us at financial risk.

We  currently  sell  to  a  relatively  small  number  of  customers  and  expect  to  do  so  for  the  foreseeable  future.  
Therefore, our operating results depend on the ability of these customers to sell products that require our equipment 
in  their  manufacture.  Many  of  our  customer  relationships  have  developed  over  a  short  period  of  time  and  certain 
ones are in the early stages of development. The loss of sales to any of these customers would have a significant 
negative  impact  on  our  business.  Additionally,  our  customers  cancel  their  agreements  with  us  if  we  fail  to  meet 
certain product specifications, materially breach agreements or encounter insolvency or bankruptcy.  They also may 
seek to renegotiate the terms of current agreements or renewals. We cannot be certain our existing customers will 
generate significant revenue for us in the future or that these new customer relationships will continue to develop. If 
we are unable to expand our customer base, we may not be able to maintain or increase our revenue.

As  of  September 30,  2019,  one  Semiconductor  customer  individually  represented  15%  of  our  accounts 
receivable.  As of September 30, 2018, one Semiconductor customer individually represented 16% of our accounts 
receivable. A concentration of our receivables from one or a small number of customers places us at risk. In such a 
scenario,  a  significant  change  in  the  liquidity  or  financial  position  of  any  of  our  customers  that  purchase  large 
systems  could  have  a  material  impact  on  the  collectability  of  our  accounts  receivable  and  our  future  operating 
results. We attempt to manage this credit risk by performing credit checks, by requiring significant partial payments 
prior to shipment, where appropriate, and by actively monitoring collections. We also require letters of credit from 
certain  customers  depending  on  the  size  of  the  order,  type  of  customer  or  its  creditworthiness  and  its  country  of 
domicile.  Our  major  customers  may  seek  and,  on  occasion,  may  receive  pricing,  payment,  intellectual  property-
related or other commercial terms that are less favorable to us than the current terms we customarily obtain.  If any 
one or more of our major customers were to re-negotiate their agreements on more favorable terms, or not pay us or 
continue business with us, it could adversely affect our financial position and results of operations.

If we are unable to require certain customers to make advance payments when they place orders with us, or if our 
customers  fail  to  meet  their  payment  obligations,  we  may  experience  increased  needs  to  finance  our  working 
capital requirements and may be exposed to increased credit risk.

We  require  many  of  our  customers  to  make  an  advance  payment  representing  a  percentage  of  their  orders, 
which  is  a  business  practice  that  helps  us  manage  our  accounts  receivable,  prepay  our  suppliers  and  reduce  the 
amount  of  funds  that  we  need  to  meet  our  working  capital  requirements.  We  cannot  assure  that  this  practice  will 
continue in the future. If this practice ceases, we may not be able to secure additional financing on a timely basis or 
on terms acceptable to us or at all.  Currently, a significant portion of our revenue is derived from credit sales to our 
customers,  generally  with  payments  due  within  less  than  three  months  after  shipment.  As  a  result,  any  future 
decrease in the use of cash advance payments by our customers may negatively impact our short-term liquidity and 
expose us to additional and more concentrated credit risk. From time to time, we also may need to commence legal 
proceedings to recover accounts receivables from customers, which would increase our expenses. Any failure by our 
customers to settle outstanding accounts receivable in the future could materially and adversely affect our cash flow, 
financial condition and results of operations.

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Our customers could cancel or fail to accept a large system order.

Our backlog includes orders for large systems, such as our diffusion furnaces, with system prices of up to and 
in  excess  of  $1.0  million,  depending  on  the  system  configuration,  options  and  any  special  requirements  of  the 
customer.  Some orders include multiple systems.  Because our orders are typically subject to cancellation or delay 
by  the  customer,  our  backlog  at  any  particular  point  in  time  is  not  necessarily  representative  of  actual  sales  for 
succeeding periods, nor is backlog any assurance that we will realize revenue or profit from completing these orders. 
Our financial position and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected should any large systems 
order be canceled prior to shipment or not be accepted by the customer. Cancellations may result in inventory that 
we may not be able to sell or reuse if those products have been tailored for a specific customer’s requirements and 
cannot then be sold without significant incremental cost. We have experienced cancellations in the past. We cannot 
provide any assurance that we will realize revenue or profit from our backlog.

Manufacturing interruptions or delays could affect our ability to meet customer demand and lead to higher costs.

Our  business  depends  on  timely  supply  of  equipment,  services  and  related  products  that  meet  the  rapidly 
changing technical and volume requirements of our customers. Some key parts to our products are subject to long 
lead  times  and/or  are  obtainable  only  from  a  single  supplier  or  limited  group  of  suppliers.  Cyclical  industry 
conditions  and  the  volatility  of  demand  for  manufacturing  equipment  increase  capital,  technical,  operational  and 
other  risks  for  us  and  for  companies  throughout  our  supply  chain.  Further,  these  conditions  may  cause  some 
suppliers  to  scale  back  operations,  exit  businesses,  merge  with  other  companies,  file  for  bankruptcy  protection  or 
possibly cease operations. We also may experience significant interruptions of our manufacturing operations, delays 
in our ability to deliver products or services, increased costs or customer order cancellations as a result of any of the 
following:

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the  failure  or  inability  of  suppliers  to  timely  deliver  sufficient  quantities  of  quality  parts  on  a  cost-
effective basis; 

volatility in the availability and cost of materials, including rare earth elements; 

difficulties or delays in obtaining required import or export approvals; 

information technology or infrastructure failures; and 

natural  disasters  or  other  events  beyond  our  control  (such  as  earthquakes,  floods  or  storms,  regional 
economic  downturns,  pandemics,  social  unrest,  political  instability,  terrorism,  or  acts  of  war), 
particularly where we conduct manufacturing operations.

Because we depend on revenue from international customers, our business may be adversely affected by changes 
in the economies and policies of the countries or regions in which we do business.

During  fiscal  2018,  76%  of  our  net  revenue  came  from  customers  outside  of  North  America.  During  fiscal 

2019, 59% of our net revenue came from customers outside of North America as follows:

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Asia - 41%  (including China - 18%, Malaysia - 5% and Taiwan - 10%); and

Europe - 18%

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Each  geographic  region  in  the  markets  in  which  we  operate  exhibits  unique  characteristics  that  can  cause 
capital  equipment  investment  patterns  to  vary  significantly  from  period  to  period.  Our  business  and  results  of 
operations could be negatively affected by periodic local or international economic downturns, trade balance issues 
and  political,  social  and  military  instability  in  countries  such  as  China,  India,  South  Korea,  Taiwan  and  possibly 
elsewhere.  In addition, we face competition from a number of suppliers based in Asia that have certain advantages 
over  suppliers  from  outside  of  Asia.    These  advantages  include  lower  operating,  shipping  and  regulatory  costs, 
proximity to customers, favorable tariffs and other government policies that favor local suppliers.  Additionally, the 
marketing and sale of our products to international markets expose us to a number of risks, including the following:

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increased costs associated with maintaining the ability to understand the local markets and follow their 
trends  and  customs,  as  well  as  developing  and  maintaining  an  effective  marketing  and  distributing 
presence;

limitations on our ability to require advance payments from our customers;

difficulty in providing customer service and support in local markets;

difficulty in staffing and managing overseas operations;

longer sales cycles and time collection periods;

fewer or weaker legal protections for our intellectual property rights;

failure  to  develop  appropriate  risk  management  and  internal  control  structures  tailored  to  overseas 
operations;

difficulty  and  costs  relating  to  compliance  with  the  different  or  changing  commercial  and  legal 
requirements of our overseas markets; 

fluctuations in foreign currency exchange and interest rates;

failure to obtain or maintain certifications for our products or services in these markets; and

international  trade  barriers  such  as  export  requirements,  tariffs,  taxes  and  other  restrictions  and 
expenses.

Our business may be adversely affected by significant exchange rate fluctuations.

Though our business has not been materially affected in the past by currency fluctuations, there is a risk that it 
may  be  materially  adversely  affected  in  the  future,  especially  as  we  continue  to  expand  operations  into  other 
countries. Such risk includes possible losses due to currency exchange rate fluctuations, future prohibitions against 
repatriation of earnings, or proceeds from disposition of investments.

We are exposed to risks associated with an uncertain global economy.

Uncertain global economic conditions and slowing growth in China, Europe and the United States, along with 
difficulties  in  the  financial  markets,  national  debt  concerns  and  government  austerity  measures  in  certain  regions, 
pose challenges to the industries in which we operate. Related factors, including unemployment, inflation and fuel 
prices, exacerbate negative trends in business and consumer spending and may cause our customers to delay, cancel, 
or refrain from placing orders for equipment or services.  These actions may, in turn, reduce our net sales, reduce 
backlog,  and  affect  our  ability  to  convert  backlog  to  sales.  Uncertain  market  conditions,  difficulties  in  obtaining 
capital, or reduced profitability also may cause some customers to scale back operations, exit businesses, merge with 
other  manufacturers,  or  file  for  bankruptcy  protection  and  potentially  cease  operations,  which  can  result  in  lower 
sales and/or additional inventory or bad debt expense for us. These conditions may similarly affect key suppliers, 
impairing their ability to deliver parts and potentially causing delays or added costs for delivery of our products. In 
addition,  these  conditions  may  lead  to  strategic  alliances  by,  or  consolidation  of,  other  equipment  manufacturers, 
which  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  compete  effectively.  Uncertainty  about  future  economic  and  industry 
conditions  also  makes  it  more  challenging  for  us  to  forecast  our  operating  results,  make  business  decisions,  and 
identify  and  prioritize  the  risks  that  may  affect  our  businesses,  sources  and  uses  of  cash,  financial  condition  and 
results  of  operations.  We  may  be  required  to  implement  additional  cost  reduction  efforts,  including  restructuring 
activities, and/or modify our business model, which may adversely affect our ability to capitalize on opportunities in 
a  market  recovery.  If  we  do  not  timely  and  appropriately  adapt  to  changes  resulting  from  these  uncertain 
macroeconomic  environment  and  industry  conditions,  or  to  difficulties  in  the  financial  markets,  our  business, 
financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

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We are dependent on key personnel for our business and product development and sales.

Historically, our relationships with key customers and partners have depended on personal relations and other 
contacts  established  by  certain  of  our  executive  officers.  Though  we  cannot  assure  that  such  relationships  will 
continue, such cooperation is expected to continue to be a significant element in our future development efforts.

Furthermore,  it  may  not  be  feasible  for  any  successor  to  maintain  the  same  business  relationships  that  our 
executive  officers  have  established.  While  we  are  the  beneficiary  of  a  life  insurance  policy  on  the  life  of  our 
Executive  Chairman  and  Chief  Executive  Officer,  Mr.  Whang,  there  is  no  assurance  that  such  insurance  will  be 
sufficient  to  cover  the  cost  of  finding  and  hiring  a  suitable  replacement  for  Mr.  Whang.  If  we  were  to  lose  the 
services of Mr. Whang for any reason, it could have a material adverse effect on our business.

We also depend on the management efforts of our officers and other key personnel and on our ability to attract 
and  retain  key  personnel.  During  times  of  strong  economic  growth,  competition  is  intense  for  highly-skilled 
employees. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in attracting and retaining such personnel or that 
we can avoid increased costs in order to do so. There can be no assurance that employees will not leave Amtech or 
compete against us. Our failure to attract additional qualified employees, or to retain the services of key personnel, 
could negatively impact our financial position and results of operations.

If  we  fail  to  maintain  optimal  inventory  levels,  our  inventory  obsolescence  costs  could  increase,  our  liquidity 
could be significantly reduced or our revenue could decrease.

While  we  must  maintain  sufficient  inventory  levels  to  operate  our  business  successfully  and  meet  our 
customers’  demands,  accumulating  excess  inventory  may  have  a  significant  unfavorable  impact  on  our  operating 
results and financial condition. Changing customer demands, supplier lead times and uncertainty surrounding new 
product launches expose us to risks associated with excess inventory or shortages. Our products are manufactured 
using a wide variety of purchased parts and raw materials and we must maintain sufficient inventory levels to meet 
the demand for the products we sell, which can change rapidly and unexpectedly. During peak years of our business, 
increases in demand for capital equipment result in longer lead times for many important system components. Future 
increases  in  demand  could  cause  delays  in  meeting  shipments  to  our  customers.  Because  of  the  variability  and 
uniqueness of customer orders, we try to avoid maintaining an extensive inventory of materials for manufacturing. 
However, long lead times for important system components during industry upturns sometimes require us to carry 
higher  levels  of  inventory  and  make  larger  purchase  commitments  than  we  otherwise  would  make.  We  may  be 
unable to sell sufficient quantities of products in the event that market demand changes, resulting in increased risk of 
excess inventory that could lead to obsolescence or reduced liquidity as we fulfill our purchase commitments. On 
the other hand, if we do not have a sufficient inventory of a product to fulfill customer orders, we may lose orders or 
customers, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot assure 
that we can accurately predict market demand and events to avoid inventory shortages or inventories and purchase 
commitments in excess of our current requirements.

Supplier  capacity  constraints,  supplier  production  disruptions,  supplier  quality  issues  or  price  increases  could 
increase our operating costs and adversely impact the competitive positions of our products.

We use numerous materials suppliers covering a wide range of materials and services in the production of our 
products  including  custom  electronic  and  mechanical  components.    Key  vendors  include  suppliers  of  controllers, 
quartz and silicon carbide for our diffusion systems, two steel mills capable of producing the types of steel to the 
tolerances  needed  for  our  wafer  carriers,  an  injection  molder  that  molds  plastic  inserts  into  our  steel  carriers,  an 
adhesive manufacturer that supplies the critical glue and a pad supplier that produces a unique material used in the 
manufacture of our polishing templates. We also rely on third parties for certain machined parts, steel frames and 
metal  panels  and  other  components  used  particularly  in  the  assembly  of  our  production  equipment.    Although  we 
strive to ensure that parts are available from multiple suppliers, we procure some key parts from a single supplier or 
a limited group of suppliers.  Thus, at times, certain parts may not be available in sufficient quantities, or on a timely 
and cost-efficient basis, to adequately meet our needs and the needs of our customers.

22

Further, because the selling price of some of our systems exceeds $1.0 million, the delay in the shipment of 
even a single system could cause  significant variations  in  our quarterly revenue. In the event of supplier capacity 
constraints,  production  disruptions,  or  failure  to  meet  our  requirements  concerning  quality,  cost  or  performance 
factors, we may transfer our business to alternative sourcing which could lead to further delays, additional costs or 
other difficulties. If, in the future, we do not receive, in a timely and cost-effective manner, a sufficient quantity and 
quality  of  parts  to  meet  our  production  requirements,  our  financial  position  and  results  of  operations  may  be 
materially and adversely affected.

We might fail to develop adequate internal organizational structures, internal controls and risk monitoring and 
management systems for an organization of our scale.

Our  business  and  operations  have  expanded  rapidly  through  organic  growth  and  acquisitions,  as  well  as 
successfully managed frequent cyclical contractions. These periods of growth and contraction require the diversion 
of  significant  management  resources  to  develop  and  implement  adequate  structures  for  internal  organization  and 
information flow, an effective internal control environment, risk monitoring and management systems in line with 
the  scale  of  our  organization,  and  the  hiring  and  integration  of  qualified  employees  into  our  organization.  In 
addition,  disclosure  and  other  ongoing  obligations  associated  with  being  a  public  company  further  increase  the 
challenges to our finance, legal and accounting teams. Furthermore, if we fail to continue to develop and implement 
appropriate structures for internal organization and information flow, an effective internal control environment and a 
risk monitoring and management system, we may not be able to identify unfavorable business trends, administrative 
oversights or other risks that could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and 
results of operations.

Unsatisfactory performance of, or defects in, our products may cause us to incur additional warranty expenses, 
damage our reputation and cause our sales to decline.

As  of  September 30,  2019  and  2018,  our  accrued  warranty  costs  at  our  continuing  operations  amounted  to 
$0.6  million  in  each  period.  Our  assumptions  regarding  the  durability  and  reliability  of  our  products  may  not  be 
accurate, and because our products have relatively long warranty periods, we cannot assure you that the amount of 
accrued warranty by us for our products will be adequate in light of the actual performance of our products. If we 
experience  a  significant  increase  in  warranty  claims,  we  may  incur  significant  repair  and  replacement  costs 
associated  with  such  claims.  Furthermore,  widespread  product  underperformances  or  failures  will  damage  our 
reputation  and  customer  relationships  and  may  cause  our  sales  to  decline,  which  in  turn  could  have  a  material 
adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We may incur impairment charges to goodwill or long-lived assets.

We have acquired, and may acquire in the future, goodwill and other long-lived intangible assets. Goodwill 
and  purchased  intangible  assets  with  indefinite  useful  lives  are  not  amortized,  but  are  reviewed  for  impairment  at 
least annually, typically during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, and more frequently when events or changes in 
circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  value  of  an  asset  may  not  be  recoverable.  The  review  compares  the  fair 
value for each of our reporting units to its associated carrying value, including goodwill. Factors that could lead to 
impairment  of  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  include  adverse  industry  or  economic  trends,  reduced  estimates  of 
future cash flows, declines in the market price of our common stock, changes in our strategies or product portfolio, 
and  restructuring  activities.  Our  valuation  methodology  for  assessing  impairment  requires  management  to  make 
judgments  and  assumptions  based  on  historical  experience  and  projections  of  future  operating  performance.  As  is 
the case with our impairment charge in fiscal 2018, we may again be required to record a charge to earnings during 
the period in which an impairment of goodwill or amortizable intangible assets is determined to exist, which could 
materially and adversely affect our results of operations.

23

Our income taxes are subject to variables beyond our control.

Our  net  income  and  cash  flow  may  be  adversely  affected  by  conditions  affecting  income  taxes  which  are 
outside  our  control.  Examples  of  the  potential  uncontrollable  circumstances  that  could  affect  our  tax  rate  are  as 
follows:

•

•

•

We sell and operate globally in the United States, Europe and Asia.  Disagreement could occur on the 
jurisdiction  of  income  and  taxation  among  different  governmental  tax  authorities.    Potential  areas  of 
dispute may include transfer pricing, intercompany charges and intercompany balances. 

We  are  subject  to  a  China  withholding  tax  on  certain  non-tangible  charges  made  under  our  transfer 
pricing agreements. The interpretation of what charges are subject to the tax and when the liability for 
the tax occurs has varied and could change in the future.

Tax rates may increase, and, therefore, have a material adverse effect on our earnings and cash flows.

Our  officers,  directors  and  largest  shareholders  could  choose  to  act  in  their  best  interests  and  not  necessarily 
those of our other shareholders.

Our  directors,  executive  officers  and  holders  of  five  percent  or  more  of  our  outstanding  common  stock  and 
their affiliates represent a significant portion of our common stock held as of September 30, 2019, and, therefore, 
have  significant  influence  over  our  management  and  corporate  policies.  These  shareholders  have  significant 
influence  over  all  matters  submitted  to  our  shareholders,  including  the  election  of  our  directors  and  approval  of 
business combinations, and could potentially initiate or delay, deter or prevent a change of control. Circumstances 
may  occur  in  which  the  interests  of  these  shareholders  may  conflict  with  the  interests  of  Amtech  or  those  of  our 
other  shareholders,  and  these  shareholders  may  cause  us  to  take  actions  that  align  with  their  interests.  Should 
conflicts of interest arise, we can provide no assurance that these shareholders would act in the best interests of our 
other  shareholders  or  that  any  conflicts  of  interest  would  be  resolved  in  a  manner  favorable  to  our  other 
shareholders. In addition, involvement of certain activist shareholders may impact our ability to recruit and retain 
talent  or  otherwise  distract  management  or  make  decisions  that  we  believe  are  in  the  long-term  interest  of  all 
shareholders.

Information security breaches or failures of our information technology systems may have a negative impact on 
our operations and our reputation.

We may be subject to information security breaches or failures of our information technology systems caused 
by advanced persistent threats, unauthorized access, sabotage, vandalism, terrorism or accident. Compromises and 
failure to our information technology networks and systems could result in unauthorized release of our confidential 
or proprietary information, or that of our customers and suppliers, as well as employee personal data. The costs to 
protect  against  or  alleviate  breaches  and  systems  failures  require  significant  human  and  financial  capital 
expenditures, which in turn could potentially disrupt our continuing operations, increase our liability as a result of 
compromises to personally identifiable information, and may lead to a material and adverse effect on our financial 
reporting, reputation and business.

Natural  disasters,  outbreaks  of  infectious  diseases,  terrorist  attacks,  wars  and  threats  of  war  may  negatively 
impact our operations, revenue, costs and stock price.

Natural disasters such  as  earthquakes, floods,  severe  weather  conditions,  outbreaks of  infectious  diseases  or 
other  catastrophic  events  may  severely  affect  our  operations  or  those  of  our  suppliers  and  customers.    Such 
catastrophic events may have a material adverse effect on our business.

Acts  of  terrorism,  as  well  as  events  occurring  in  response  or  connection  to  them,  including  potential  future 
terrorist  attacks,  rumors  or  threats  of  war,  actual  military  conflicts  or  trade  disruptions  impacting  our  domestic  or 
foreign  customers  or  suppliers,  may  negatively  impact  our  operations  by  causing,  among  other  things,  delays  or 
losses in the delivery of supplies or finished goods and decreased sales of our products. More generally, any of these 
events  could  cause  consumer  confidence  and  spending  to  decrease  and/or  result  in  increased  volatility  in  the 
worldwide  financial  markets  and  economy.  They  also  could  result  in  economic  recession  either  globally  or  in  the 
markets  in  which  we  operate.  Any  of  these  occurrences  could  have  a  significant  adverse  impact  on  our  financial 
position and results of operations.

24

Risks Related to Regulations and Litigation

Our business may be adversely affected by changes in or failure to comply with foreign and domestic laws.

The operations of our companies are subject to numerous foreign and domestic regulatory regimes, including 
taxation policies, governance and audit requirements, employment and labor laws, transportation regulations, import 
and  export  regulations  and  tariffs,  possible  foreign  exchange  restrictions  and  international  monetary  fluctuations. 
Our  policies,  procedures  and  internal  controls  are  designed  to  help  us  comply  with  all  applicable  foreign  and 
domestic  laws,  accounting  and  reporting  requirements,  regulations  and  tax  requirements.    We  could  be  subject  to 
legal or regulatory action in the event of our failure to comply, which could be expensive to defend and resolve and 
be disruptive to our business.  Any changes in regulations, the imposition of additional regulations or the enactment 
of any new legislation that affects us may increase the complexity of the legal and regulatory environment in which 
we operate and the related costs of compliance.

We are subject to U.S. and certain non-U.S. anti-corruption/anti-bribery, export and import controls, sanctions, 
embargoes, anti-money laundering, anti-terrorist financing, and other similar laws and regulations. Compliance 
with these legal standards could impair our ability to compete in domestic and international markets. We can face 
criminal  liability  and  other  serious  consequences  for  violations  of  these  laws  and  regulations  which  can  harm 
our business.

We  are  a  U.S.-based  multinational  company  with  extensive  operations,  including  manufacturing  joint 
ventures, in Asia and elsewhere. We operate in several high-risk jurisdictions, including, but not limited to China. 
Various  U.S.  and  certain  non-U.S.  anti-corruption/anti-bribery  and  other  international  trade  laws  and  regulations 
apply to our company entities and businesses. These laws and regulations may include, among others, the Foreign 
Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, the U.S. Travel Act, the U.S. Domestic Bribery Statute contained in 18 
U.S.C.  §201,  the  Money  Laundering  Control  Act  (1986),  the  USA  PATRIOT  Act,  the  United  States  Export 
Administration Act of 1979, the U.S. Export Administration Regulations (15 C.F.R. §§730 et seq.), U.S. sanctions 
contained in 31 C.F.R. Parts 500-599, the United States International Emergency Economic Powers Act, the United 
States  Trading  with  the  Enemy  Act,  the  International  Boycott  Provisions  of  Section  999  of  the  U.S.  Internal 
Revenue  Code  of  1986,  the  UK  Bribery  Act  2010,  the  UK  Proceeds  of  Crime  Act  2002,  and  certain  other  anti-
corruption,  anti-bribery,  anti-kickback,  anti-fraud,  anti-money  laundering,  anti-terrorist  financing,  anti-narcotics, 
anti-boycott,  export  control,  sanctions,  embargo,  import  control,  customs,  tax,  insider  trading,  insurance,  banking, 
false claims, anti-racketeering, and other laws, regulations, decrees, government or executive orders, or judicial or 
administrative decisions or determinations to the extent applicable.

The  above-mentioned  laws  and  regulations  are  interpreted  very  broadly  and  will  impact  and  raise  legal 
compliance risks for our business in the various jurisdictions where we operate. Violations of the above-mentioned 
laws and regulations may result in substantial civil and criminal fines and penalties, imprisonment, the loss of export 
or import privileges, debarment, tax reassessments,  breach  of contract and  fraud litigation, reputational harm, and 
other consequences.

Anti-corruption/anti-bribery and the other laws and regulations mentioned above are actively enforced by U.S. 
and other governments agencies. Among various matters, anti-corruption/anti-bribery laws prohibit our companies, 
subsidiaries,  directors,  officers,  employees,  agents,  contractors,  vendors,  and  other  business  partners  from 
authorizing,  promising,  offering,  providing,  soliciting,  or  accepting  directly  or  indirectly,  improper  payments  or 
anything else of value to or from recipients in the public or private sector. We may engage vendors and third-party 
business partners to sell our products or services and/or to obtain necessary permits, licenses, patent registrations, 
and other regulatory approvals.  We have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government 
agencies or government-affiliated organizations. These factors raise our anti-corruption/anti-bribery risk exposure. 
We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our employees, agents, contractors, vendors, and 
other  business  partners,  even  if  we  do  not  explicitly  authorize  or  have  actual  knowledge  of  such  activities.    The 
application of these laws to us also may place us at a competitive disadvantage to foreign companies that are not 
subject to similar regulations.

25

The United States could withdraw from or materially modify certain international trade agreements, or change 
tariff,  trade,  or  tax  provisions  related  to  the  global  manufacturing  and  sales  of  our  products  in  ways  that  we 
currently cannot predict.

A  portion  of  our  business  activities  are  conducted  in  foreign  countries,  including  China,  Malaysia,  Taiwan, 
France  and  the  Netherlands.  Our  business  benefits  from  free  trade  agreements,  and  we  also  rely  on  various  U.S. 
corporate tax provisions related to international commerce as we build, market and sell our products globally. The 
current  U.S.  presidential  administration,  with  support  of  some  members  in  Congress,  has  announced  trade  policy 
changes, including an intention to impose new tariffs on imported goods, which have created significant uncertainty 
about the future relationship between the United States and other countries with respect to trade, treaties and tariffs. 
For example, on June 15, 2018, the Office of the USTR published a list of products covering 818 separate U.S. tariff 
lines  valued  at  approximately  $34  billion  in  2018  trade  values,  imposing  an  additional  duty  of  25%  on  the  listed 
product  lines.  The  list  generally  focuses  on  products  from  industrial  sectors  that  contribute  to  or  benefit  from  the 
“Made  in  China  2025”  industrial  policy,  which  include  industries  such  as  aerospace,  information  and 
communications  technology,  robotics,  industrial  machinery,  new  materials,  and  automobiles.  The  USTR  also 
announced a second set of 284 proposed tariff lines, which cover approximately $16 billion worth of imports from 
China, which will undergo further review in a public notice and comment process, including a public hearing. After 
completion  of  this  process, USTR  stated  that  it  will  issue a  final  determination  on  the  products  from  this  list  that 
would  be  subject  to  the  additional  duties.  We  are  continuing  to  evaluate  the  impact  of  the  announced  and  other 
proposed tariffs on products that we import from China, and we may experience a material increase in the cost of 
our  products,  which  may  result  in  our  products  becoming  less  attractive  relative  to  products  offered  by  our 
competitors.

These developments, or the perception that any of them could occur, may have a material adverse effect on 
global economic conditions and the stability of global financial markets, and may significantly reduce global trade 
and, in particular, trade between the impacted nations and the United States. Any of these factors, or any changes to 
U.S. corporate tax policies related to international commerce, could depress economic activity and have a material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Recent changes to U.S. tax laws may adversely affect our financial condition or results of operation and create 
the risk that we may need to adjust our accounting for these changes.

The TCJA, enacted on December 22, 2017, makes significant changes to U.S. tax laws and includes numerous 
provisions  that  affect  businesses,  including  ours.  For  instance,  as  a  result  of  lower  corporate  tax  rates,  the  TCJA 
tends to reduce both the value of deferred tax assets and the amount of deferred tax liabilities. It also limits interest 
rate deductions and the amount of net operating losses that can be used each year and alters the expensing of capital 
expenditures.  Other  provisions  have  international  tax  consequences  for  businesses  like  ours  that  operate 
internationally.  The  TCJA  is  unclear  in  certain  respects  and  will  require  interpretations  and  implementing 
regulations  by  the  Internal  Revenue  Service,  as  well  as  state  tax  authorities,  and  the  TCJA  could  be  subject  to 
amendments and technical corrections, any of which could lessen or increase the adverse (and positive) impacts of 
the TCJA. The accounting treatment of these tax law changes is complex, and some of the changes may affect both 
current and future periods. Others will primarily affect future periods. We accounted for the impact of the TCJA on 
us in fiscal 2018, and, though we believe our analysis and computations of the tax effects of the TCJA on us to be 
correct, any adjustments to our conclusions or the effects of currently unknown impacts of the TCJA on us could 
affect our current or future financial statements, or both.

26

Regulations related to conflict minerals will force us to incur additional expenses, may make our supply chains 
more complex, and may result in damage to our relationships with customers.

Under  the  Dodd-Frank  Act,  the  SEC  adopted  requirements  for  companies  that  manufacture  products  that 
contain certain minerals and metals known as “conflict minerals”. These rules require public companies to perform 
diligence and to report annually to the SEC whether such minerals originate from the Democratic Republic of Congo 
and adjoining countries. The implementation of these requirements could adversely affect the sourcing, availability, 
and pricing of minerals we use in the manufacture of our products. In addition, we have incurred and will continue 
to  incur  additional  costs  to  comply  with  the  disclosure  requirements,  including  costs  related  to  determining  the 
source of any of the relevant minerals used in our products. Given the complexity of our supply chain, we may not 
be able to ascertain the origins of these minerals used in our products through the due diligence procedures that we 
implement, which may harm our reputation. We may also face difficulties in satisfying customers who may require 
that our products be certified as conflict mineral free, which could harm our relationships with these customers and 
lead  to  a  loss  of  revenue.  These  requirements  could  limit  the  pool  of  suppliers  that  can  provide  conflict-free 
minerals,  and  we  may  be  unable  to  obtain  conflict-free  minerals  at  competitive  prices,  which  could  increase  our 
costs and adversely affect our manufacturing operations and our profitability.

We are subject to environmental regulations, and our inability or failure to comply with these regulations could 
result in significant costs or the suspension of our ability to operate portions of our business.

We are subject to environmental regulations in connection with our business operations, including regulations 
related to manufacturing and our customers’ use of our products. From time to time, we receive notices regarding 
these regulations. It is our policy to respond promptly to these notices and to take any necessary corrective action. 
Our  failure  or  inability  to  comply  with  existing  or  future  environmental  regulations  could  result  in  significant 
remediation liabilities, the imposition of fines and/or the suspension or termination of development, manufacturing 
or  use  of  certain  of  our  products  or  facilities,  each  of  which  could  damage  our  financial  position  and  results  of 
operations.

We  face  the  risk  of  product  liability  claims  or  other  litigation,  which  could  be  expensive  and  may  divert 
management’s attention from running our business.

Amtech and our subsidiaries are defendants from time to time in actions for matters arising out of our business 
operations. The manufacture and sale of our products, which, in our customers’ operations, involve toxic materials 
and robotic machinery, involve the risk of product liability claims. In addition, a failure of one of our products at a 
customer site could interrupt the business operations of our customer. Our existing insurance coverage limits may 
not be adequate to protect us from all liabilities that we might incur in connection with the manufacture and sale of 
our products if a successful product liability claim or series of product liability claims were brought against us.

We also may be involved in other legal proceedings or claims and experience threats of legal action from time 
to time in the ordinary course of our business.  For example, securities class action litigation is often brought against 
companies  following  periods  of  volatility  in  the  market  price  of  its  securities  or  in  connection  with  strategic 
transactions.  We may in the future be the target of securities litigation due to volatility in the market price of our 
common stock or for other reasons.  Any securities litigation could result in substantial costs and could divert the 
attention and resources of our management.

Where appropriate, we intend to vigorously defend all claims. However, any actual or threatened claims, even 
if not meritorious or material, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. The 
continued  defense  of  these  claims  and  other  types  of  lawsuits  could  divert  management’s  attention  away  from 
running our business. In addition, required amounts to be paid in settlement of any claims, and the legal fees and 
other  costs  associated  with  their  defense  or  also  settlement,  cannot  be  estimated  and  could,  individually  or  in  the 
aggregate, materially harm our financial condition.  We may also experience higher than expected warranty claims.

27

Risks Related to Our Research and Development and Intellectual Property Activities

We may not be able to keep pace with the rapid change in the technology needed to meet customer requirements.

Success in the solar and semiconductor equipment industries depends, in part, on continual improvement of 
existing technologies and rapid innovation of new solutions. For example, the solar industry continues to develop 
new technologies to increase the efficiencies and lower the costs of solar cells.  Also, the semiconductor industry 
continues  to  shrink  the  size  of  semiconductor  devices.  These  and  other  evolving  customer  needs  require  us  to 
continually respond with new product developments.

Technical  innovations  are  inherently  complex  and  require  long  development  cycles  and  appropriate 
professional staffing. Our future business success depends on our ability to develop and introduce new products, or 
new uses for existing products, that successfully address changing customer needs and win market acceptance.  We 
also must manufacture these new products in a timely and cost-effective manner.  To realize future growth through 
technical  innovations  in  the  solar  and  semiconductor  industries,  we  must  acquire  the  technology  through  product 
development,  merger  and  acquisition  activity  or  through  the  licensing  of  products  from  our  technology  partners.  
Potential  disruptive  technologies  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business  if  we  do  not  successfully 
develop and introduce new products, technologies or uses for existing products in a timely manner and continually 
find ways of reducing the cost to produce them in response to changing market conditions or customer requirements.

Our research and development investments may not result in timely new products that can be sold at favorable 
prices and obtain market acceptance.

The rapid change in technology in our industry requires that we continue to make investments in research and 
development in order to enhance the performance, functionality and cost of ownership of our products to keep pace 
with competitors’ products and to satisfy customer demands for improved performance, features and functionality. 
We cannot provide assurance that revenue from future products or  enhancements will be sufficient  to recover the 
development  costs  associated  with  such  products  or  enhancements,  or  that  we  will  be  able  to  secure  the  financial 
resources necessary to fund future development. Research and development costs are typically incurred before we 
confirm the technical feasibility and commercial viability of a product, and not all development activities result in 
commercially viable products. We cannot assure that products or enhancements will receive market acceptance, or 
that we will be able to sell these products at prices that are favorable to us, or at all. In addition, from time to time 
we receive funding from government agencies for certain strategic development programs to increase our research 
and development resources and address new market opportunities. As a condition to this government funding, we 
may be subject to certain record-keeping, audit, intellectual property rights-sharing and/or other obligations. If we 
do  not  successfully  manage  our  investments  in  research  and  development,  our  business,  financial  condition  and 
results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Third parties may violate our proprietary rights, in which we have made significant investments, resulting in a 
loss of value of some of our intellectual property or costly litigation.

Our success is dependent in part on our technology and other proprietary rights. We own various United States 
and  international  patents  and  have  additional  pending  patent  applications  relating  to  some  of  our  products  and 
technologies.  Protecting  and  defending  our  patents  domestically,  and  especially  internationally,  is  costly.    In 
addition,  the  process  of  seeking  patent  protection  is  lengthy  and  expensive.    Therefore,  we  cannot  be  certain  that 
pending  or  future  applications  will  result  in  issued  patents,  or  that  issued  patents  will  be  of  sufficient  scope  or 
strength  to  provide  meaningful  protection  or  commercial  advantage  to  us.  Other  companies  and  individuals, 
including our larger competitors, may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technology or design 
around  the  patents  we  own  or  license.  In  addition,  the  patent  for  the  technology  that  we  license  and  use  in  our 
manufacture of insert carriers has expired, which, along with the other risks related to our patents described above, 
may  have  the  effect  of  diminishing  or  eliminating  any  competitive  advantage  we  may  have  with  respect  to  our 
manufacturing process.

We also maintain trademarks on certain of our products and claim copyright protection for certain proprietary 
software  and  documentation.    We  can  give  no  assurance,  however,  that  our  trademarks  and  copyrights  will  be 
upheld or will successfully deter infringement by third parties.

28

We attempt to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information through confidentiality agreements 
with  our  customers,  suppliers,  employees  and  consultants  and  through  other  security  measures.  We  also  maintain 
exclusive and non-exclusive licenses with third parties for the technology used in certain products. However, these 
employees, consultants and third parties may breach these agreements, and we may not have adequate remedies for 
wrongdoing. In addition, the laws of certain territories, such as China, in which we develop, manufacture or sell our 
products may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.

We  may  face  intellectual  property  infringement  claims  that  could  be  time-consuming  and  costly  to  defend  and 
could result in our loss of significant rights and the assessment of treble damages.

From  time  to  time,  we  have  received  communications  from  other  parties  asserting  the  existence  of  patent 
rights or other intellectual property rights that they believe cover certain of our products, processes, technologies or 
information. Some of these claims may lead to litigation. We cannot assure that we will prevail in these actions, or 
that other actions alleging misappropriation or misuse by us of third-party trade secrets, infringement by us of third-
party patents and trademarks or the validity of our patents, will not be asserted or prosecuted against us. If there is a 
successful  claim  of  infringement  against  us,  we  may  be  required  to  pay  substantial  damages  (including  treble 
damages if we were to be found to have willfully infringed a third party’s patent) to the party claiming infringement, 
incur  costs  to  develop  non-infringing  technology,  stop  selling  or  using  technology  that  contains  the  allegedly 
infringing intellectual property, or enter into royalty or license agreements that may not be available on acceptable 
or  commercially  practical  terms,  if  at  all.  Intellectual  property  litigation,  regardless  of  outcome,  is  expensive  and 
time-consuming,  and  could  divert  management’s  attention  from  our  business.    Our  failure  to  successfully  defend 
against infringement claims, or to develop non-infringing technologies or license the proprietary rights on a timely 
basis, could have a material negative effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

Our  results  of  operations  are  difficult  to  predict,  and,  we  have  experienced,  and  may  continue  to  experience, 
significant volatility in our stock price as a result.

A variety of factors may cause the price of our stock to be volatile.  For example, our results of operations are 
difficult to predict and have fluctuated from time to time in the past. We expect that our results of operations may 
continue to fluctuate from time to time in the future. It is possible that our results of operations in some reporting 
periods  will  be  below  market  expectations.  If  our  results  of  operations  for  a  particular  reporting  period  are  lower 
than the market expectations for such reporting period, investors may react negatively and, as a result, the price of 
our stock may materially decline.

Furthermore,  the  stock  market  in  general,  and  the  market  for  shares  of  high-technology  companies  in 
particular,  including  ours,  have  experienced  extreme  price  fluctuations,  which  have  often  been  unrelated  to  the 
operating  performance  of  affected  companies.  During  the  two-year  period  ended  September 30,  2019  the  price  of 
our common stock has ranged from $15.45 to $4.03. The price of our stock may be more volatile than the stock of 
other  companies  due  to,  among  other  factors,  the  unpredictable,  volatile  and  seasonal  nature  of  the  industries  in 
which  we  operate,  our  significant  customer  concentration,  intense  competition,  our  fluctuating  backlog  and  our 
relatively low daily stock trading volume.  As a result, the market price of our common stock is likely to continue to 
fluctuate significantly in the future, including fluctuations related and unrelated to our performance.

Shareholder activists could cause a disruption to our business.

An activist investor may indicate disagreement with our strategic direction or capital allocation policies and 
may seek representation on our Board of Directors. Our business, operating results or financial condition could be 
adversely affected and may result in, among other things:

•

•

•

increased  operating  costs,  including  increased  legal  expenses,  insurance,  administrative  expenses  and 
associated costs incurred in connection with director election contests;

uncertainties as to our future direction, which could result in the loss of potential business opportunities 
and  could  make  it  more  difficult  to  attract,  retain,  or  motivate  qualified  personnel,  and  strain 
relationships with investors and customers; and

reduction or delay in our ability to effectively execute our current business strategy and to implement 
new strategies.

29

Future  sales  of  our  common  stock  by  us  or  our  existing  shareholders  could  depress  the  market  price  of  our 
common stock.

If we or our existing shareholders sell a large number of shares of our common stock, the market price of our 
common stock could decline significantly. Further, even the perception in the public market that we or our existing 
shareholders might sell shares of common stock could depress the market price of the common stock.

If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or if they downgrade our stock, the 
price of our stock could decline.

The  trading  market  for  our  shares  of  common  stock  could  rely  in  part  on  the  research  and  reporting  that 
industry or financial analysts publish about us or our business. We do not control these analysts. Furthermore, if one 
or more of the analysts who do cover us downgrades our stock, the price of our stock could decline. If one or more 
of these analysts ceases coverage of our company, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause 
our stock price to decline.

ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES

We believe that our properties are adequate for our current needs. In addition, we believe that adequate space 
can be obtained to meet our foreseeable business needs. The following chart identifies the principal properties which 
we own or lease.

Location

Corporate

Tempe, Arizona

Semiconductor Segment

Use

Own or Lease

Size

  Corporate Headquarters

  Own

North Billerica, Massachusetts
Ashvale, Surrey, United Kingdom   Office
Shanghai, China
Penang, Malaysia

  Office, Mfg. & Warehouse   Own
  Lease
  Office, Mfg. & Warehouse   Lease
  Lease
  Office

SiC/LED Segment

Carlisle, Pennsylvania
Carlisle, Pennsylvania

Automation Segment
Clapiers, France
Clapiers, France
Le Cres, France

Solar Segment

  Office & Mfg.
  Office & Mfg.

  Lease
  Lease

  Office, Mfg. & Warehouse   Lease
  Lease
  Manufacturing
  Lease
  Manufacturing

Vaassen, the Netherlands

  Office, Mfg. & Warehouse   Own

15,000 sf

150,000 sf
1,900 sf
49,000 sf
1,570 sf

22,000 sf
40,500 sf

12,000 sf
6,700 sf
3,000 sf

54,000 sf

Our  building  in  North  Billerica,  Massachusetts  secures  a  mortgage  note  with  a  remaining  balance  of  $5.5 
million as of September 30, 2019 and a maturity date of September 26, 2023. The debt was refinanced in September 
2016 with an interest rate of 4.11% through September 26, 2021, at which time the interest rate will be adjusted to a 
per annum fixed rate equal to the aggregate of the Federal Home Loan Board Five Year Classic Advance Rate plus 
two hundred forty basis points.

30

 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
In 2017, Tempress borrowed approximately $0.4 million as part of the construction of a large, bi-facial solar 
PV  park  at  its  headquarters  in  the  Netherlands.    The  debt  is  secured  by  Tempress’  real  property  in  Vaassen,  the 
Netherlands, and carries an interest rate equal to the 10-year interest rate swap rate plus a 2.4% premium, reduced by 
a 1% discount, which at September 30, 2019 was 2.23%.  The debt has a 15-year term.  As of September 30, 2019, 
Tempress’ remaining debt balance is $0.3 million, which is included in held-for-sale liabilities.

ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Amtech  and  its  subsidiaries  are  defendants  from  time  to  time  in  actions  for  matters  arising  out  of  their 
business  operations.  We  do  not  believe  that  any  matters  or  proceedings  presently  pending  will  have  a  material 
adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

31

PART II

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

MARKET INFORMATION

Our  common  stock,  par  value  $0.01  per  share  (Common  Stock),  is  trading  on  the  NASDAQ  Global  Select 

Market, under the symbol “ASYS.”

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

On  November  29,  2018,  we  announced  that  the  Board  approved  a  stock  repurchase  program,  pursuant  to 
which we may repurchase up to $4 million of our outstanding Common Stock over a one-year period. Repurchases 
under  the  program  will  be  made  in  open  market  transactions  at  prevailing  market  prices,  in  privately  negotiated 
transactions,  or  by  other  means  in  compliance  with  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  SEC;  however,  we  have  no 
obligation to repurchase shares and the timing, actual number, and value of shares to be repurchased is subject to 
management’s  discretion  and  will  depend  on  the  Company’s  stock  price  and  other  market  conditions.  The  Board 
may terminate the repurchase program at any time while it is in effect. We intend to retire any repurchased shares. 
As of September 30, 2019, there have been no shares repurchased under this repurchase plan.

HOLDERS

As of November 15, 2019, there were 394 shareholders of record of our Common Stock. Based upon a recent 
survey  of  brokers,  we  estimate  there  were  approximately  an  additional  4,949  beneficial  shareholders  who  held 
shares in brokerage or other investment accounts as of that date.

DIVIDENDS

We  have  never  paid  dividends  on  our  Common  Stock.  Our  present  policy  is  to  apply  cash  to  investment  in 
product development, acquisition or expansion; consequently, we do not expect to pay dividends on Common Stock 
in the foreseeable future.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities in fiscal 2019.

32

COMPARISON OF STOCK PERFORMANCE

The following line graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or “filed” with 
the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filings under the Securities Act of 
1933 or the Exchange Act, each as amended, except to the extent that we specifically incorporated by reference it 
into such filing.

The following line graph compares cumulative total shareholder return, assuming reinvestment of dividends, 
for our Common Stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index and the NASDAQ Industrial Index. Because we did not pay 
dividends on our Common Stock during the measurement period, the calculation of the cumulative total shareholder 
return  on  our  Common  Stock  did  not  include  dividends.  The  following  graph  assumes  that  $100  was  invested  on 
October 1, 2014.

d
e
t
s
e
v
n
I

0
0
1
$

f
o

e
u
l
a
V

$200

$175

$150

$125

$100

$75

$50

$25

9/30/14

9/30/15

9/30/16

Year

9/30/17

9/30/18

$0
9/30/19

Amtech Systems, Inc.

NASDAQ Composite Index

NASDAQ Industrial Index

33

 
 
 
ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The  selected  financial  data  presented  below  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  Item  7,  “Management’s 
Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations,”  and  our  consolidated  financial 
statements (including the related notes thereto) contained elsewhere in this report.  The selected financial data in the 
table below excludes results from our discontinued operations.

Operating Data - Continuing Operations:

Net revenue
Gross profit
Gross margin
Operating income (loss) (1)
Income (loss) attributable to continuing
   operations, net of tax (2)

Income (loss) per share attributable to
   continuing operations

Basic income (loss) per share
Diluted income (loss) per share

2019

Years Ended September 30,
2017

2016

2018

2015

 $ 85,035 
 $ 33,357 

 $ 100,053 
 $ 36,918 

 $ 83,073 
 $ 31,106 

 $ 68,120 
 $ 23,992 

 $ 57,901 
 $ 17,950 

39%   
 $

4,916 

37%  
 $

6,072 

37%  

31%
35%  
 $ (1,692)  $ (6,403)

3,641 

3,135 

 $

6,631 

 $

2,194 

 $ (1,686)  $ (1,308)

0.22 
0.22 

 $
 $

0.45 
0.44 

 $
 $

0.16 
0.16 

 $
 $

(0.13)  $
(0.13)  $

(0.11)
(0.11)

 $

 $

 $
 $

Backlog:

 $ 17,326 

 $ 26,291 

 $ 24,742 

 $ 16,552 

 $ 15,013 

Balance Sheet Data - Continuing Operations:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Total assets (3)
Total current liabilities (4)
Current maturities of long-term debt
Long-term debt

 $ 53,083 
 $ 103,722 
 $ 12,101 
 $
371 
5,178 
 $

 $ 45,915 
 $ 104,084 
 $ 15,763 
350 
 $
5,542 
 $

 $ 41,005 
 $ 99,788 
 $ 15,605 
336 
 $
5,892 
 $

 $ 25,062 
 $ 81,404 
 $ 15,577 
414 
 $
6,135 
 $

 $ 20,548 
 $ 85,630 
 $ 16,337 
617 
 $
6,324  
 $

(1)
(2)

(3)

(4)

Includes $2.2 million related to long-lived asset impairment charges in 2018. 
Includes a pre-tax gain of $2.9 million on the sale of our remaining ownership interest in Kingstone Hong Kong in 2018, a pre-tax gain of 
$2.6 million on the sale of Kingstone service rights in 2016 and a $8.8 million gain on deconsolidation resulting from the deconsolidation 
of Kingstone in 2015. 
Excludes $22.8 million, $45.3 million, $91.8 million, $37.0 million and $39.8 million in 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, 
of Held-For-Sale Assets.
Excludes $18.5 million, $31.8 million, $72.6 million, $25.4 million and $25.2 million in 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, 
of Held-For-Sale Liabilities.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
ITEM  7.    MANAGEMENT’S  DISCUSSION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION  AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our 
Consolidated  Financial  Statements  and  the  accompanying  notes  included  in  Item  8,  “Financial  Statements  and 
Supplementary  Data”  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  This  discussion  contains  forward-looking  statements, 
which  involve  risks  and  uncertainties.  Our  actual  results  could  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in  the 
forward-looking  statements  as  a  result  of  certain  factors  including,  but  not  limited  to,  those  described  in  “Risk 
Factors”  and  elsewhere  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  Please  refer  to  page  5  for  further  information 
regarding forward-looking statements and “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for a description of our risk factors.

Overview

We are a leading, global manufacturer of capital equipment, including thermal processing and wafer polishing 
and related consumables used in fabricating semiconductor devices, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and silicon power 
chips,  electronic  assemblies  and  light-emitting  diodes  (LEDs).  We  sell  these  products  to  semiconductor  and 
automotive component manufacturers worldwide, particularly in Asia, North America and Europe. 

We  operate  in  three  reportable  business  segments,  based  primarily  on  the  industry  they  serve:  (i) 
Semiconductor, (ii) SiC/LED, and (iii) Automation. In our Semiconductor segment, we supply thermal processing 
equipment,  including  solder  reflow  ovens,  diffusion  furnaces,  and  customer  high-temp  belt  furnaces  for  use  by 
semiconductor  and  electronics  assembly  manufacturers.  In  our  SiC/LED  segment,  we  produce  substrate 
consumables  and  machinery  for  lapping  (fine  abrading)  and  polishing  of  materials,  such  as  silicon  wafers  for 
semiconductor  products,  sapphire  wafers  for  LED  applications,  and  compound  substrates,  like  silicon  carbide 
wafers, for power device applications. In our Automation segment, we supply semiconductor and solar automation 
with in-house design and manufacturing capabilities and offer a full array of single wafer transfer tools as well as 
batch transfer tools and stocker options.

Our semiconductor customers are primarily manufacturers of integrated circuits, optoelectronic, sensors and 
discrete (O-S-D) components used in analog, power and radio frequency (RF) devices and photovoltaic solar cells. 
The  semiconductor  industry  is  cyclical  and  historically  has  experienced  fluctuations.  Our  revenue  is  impacted  by 
these broad industry trends. Although semiconductor demand for our products may have reached its cyclical peak in 
our  fiscal  year  ended  September 30,  2018,  we  believe  that  continued  technological  advances  and  emerging 
industries, such as silicon carbide power devices, will sustain our long-term performance.

As  we  pivot  from  our  Solar  business  and  refocus  on  our  Semiconductor  and  SiC/LED  businesses,  we  have 
focused  on  our  plans  to  profitably  grow  our  business  and  have  developed  a  strategic  growth  plan  and  a  capital 
allocation plan that support our growth objectives. Our strategic growth plan calls for profitable growth as the semi 
industry recovers with the following areas of focus:

•

•

•

Emerging  opportunities  in  the  SiC  industry  –  We  are  well-positioned  to  take  part  in  this  significant 
growth  area.  We  are  working  closely  with  our  customers  to  understand  their  SiC  growth  plans  and 
opportunities. We are investing in our capacity, next generation product development, and investing in 
our people. We believe these investments will help fuel our growth in the SiC industry.

300  mm  Silicon  Horizontal  Thermal  Reactor  –  We  have  a  highly  successful  and  proven  300  mm 
solution  for  growing  power  semiconductor  applications.  We  have  a  strong  foundation  with  a  key 
customer,  and,  in  the  second  half  of  fiscal  2019,  we  announced  an  order  to  another  industry-leading 
manufacturer. We believe we have a strong opportunity to expand our customer base and future revenue 
growth.

As  a  major  revenue  contributor,  BTU  will  continue  to  track  semi  industry  growth  for  our  semi-
packaging and SMT products. We believe that through investments in product innovation, BTU has an 
opportunity to grow further.

35

We anticipate that the required investments to achieve our revenue growth targets will be in the range of $6.0 - 
$8.0 million in research and development and capital expenditures per year. We may also need to make investments 
in other areas of our business, such as IT systems and capacity expansions at other existing facilities.  Additionally, 
as a capital equipment manufacturer, we will need working capital to support and fuel our future growth.

In addition to these investments in our organic growth, another key aspect of our capital allocation policy is 
our plan to grow through acquisitions. We have the skillset and track record to identify strong acquisition targets in 
the  semi  and  SiC  growth  environment  and  to  execute  transactions  and  integrations  to  provide  for  accretive, 
profitable growth in both the short-term and long-term.

Solar Developments

On  April  3,  2019,  we  announced  that  the  Board  determined  that  it  was  in  the  long-term  best  interest  of  the 
Company  to  exit  the  Solar  business  segment  and  to  focus  our  strategic  efforts  on  our  semiconductor  and  silicon 
carbide/polishing  business  segments  in  order  to  more  fully  realize  the  opportunities  we  believe  are  presented  in 
those  areas.  The  anticipated  divestiture  included  our  Tempress  and  SoLayTec  subsidiaries,  which  comprised 
substantially all of our Solar segment.

The Board made its decision after analyzing our past performance, current market conditions and the strategic 
outlook  for  our  Solar  segment,  which  operates  in  a  highly  competitive  market  among  lower  cost  manufacturers, 
particularly in China. Historical fluctuations in the solar cell industry combined with downward pricing pressure has 
negatively affected the Company’s results of operations in recent years. This pricing pressure has contributed to the 
losses incurred by our Solar segment and overshadowed the revenue growth and profitability of our semiconductor 
and  silicon  carbide/polishing  segments.  While  we  have  in  the  past  and  are  currently  taking  actions  to  reduce 
headcount and lower our cost structure, the process involved in the Netherlands to accomplish these actions takes 
significant time, during which losses and cash burn are likely to continue. As previously disclosed in our periodic 
reports, we had been pursuing strategic alternatives for the continued operations of the Solar segment. After further 
assessment,  however  (including  input  from  management  of  the  Solar  segment  and  our  professional  advisors),  the 
Board determined that the investment required to return our Solar business to profitability would be better utilized to 
pursue strategic opportunities in the Semiconductor and SiC/LED segments.

On June 7, 2019 (“Sale Date”), we completed the sale of our subsidiary, SoLayTec, to a third party located in 
the Netherlands. Upon the Sale Date, we recognized a gain of approximately $1.6 million, which we included in loss 
from  discontinued  operations  reported  in  our  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  for  the  year  ended 
September 30,  2019.  Also,  effective  on  the  Sale  Date,  SoLayTec  is  longer  included  in  our  consolidated  financial 
statements. SoLayTec is not material to Amtech’s results of operations or financial position.

We have engaged an investment advisory firm located in the Netherlands to provide advice with respect to and 
assist  us  with  our  efforts  to  divest  Tempress.  The  advisory  firm  is  actively  engaged  in  conversations  with  both 
private equity and strategic buyers. No assurance can be given as to whether we will be able to secure a buyer for 
Tempress or, if we do so, it will be at a price that is favorable to us, and we expect to incur a loss on disposal. This 
division carries a significant balance of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, which will also contribute to the 
loss realized on disposal. 

The portion of our Solar segment not included in discontinued operations is our Automation division, R2D. 
R2D has historically sold automation products to both solar and semiconductor customers. In November 2019, we 
completed the sale of our subsidiary, R2D, to certain members of R2D’s management team.  We will recognize a 
loss  of  approximately  $3.0  million  in  the  first  quarter  of  2020  and  R2D  will  no  longer  be  included  in  our 
consolidated financial statements.

Segment Reporting Changes

After  announcing  the  planned  divestiture  of  our  Solar  segment,  we  conducted  an  evaluation  of  our 
organizational  structure.  Beginning  with  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  2019,  we  made  changes  to  our  reportable 
segments. Prior period amounts have been revised to conform to the current period segment reporting structure.

36

Industry Fluctuations 

Our quarterly and annual operating results have been and will continue to be impacted by the timing of large 
system orders.  Further, the semiconductor equipment industry is highly cyclical, and the conditions of this industry 
remains volatile.  Therefore, our order flow fluctuates quarter to quarter.  For additional information regarding the 
risks related to our business and industry, please refer to Item 1A. Risk Factors within this Form 10-K.

Fiscal Year

Our fiscal year is from October 1 to September 30. Unless otherwise stated, references to the years 2019, 2018 

and 2017 relate to the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Smaller Reporting Company

As  a  smaller  reporting  company,  as  defined  by  Rule  12b-2  of  the  Exchange  Act  and  in  Item  10(f)(1)  of 
Regulation S-K, we are electing scaled disclosure reporting obligations for this Item, and, therefore, are providing a 
two-year comparison rather than a three-year comparison.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth certain financial data as a percentage of net revenue for the periods indicated:

Net revenue
Cost of sales

Gross margin

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Impairment charges
Restructuring charges
Operating income

Gain on sale of other assets
Income (loss) from equity method investment
Interest and other expense, net

Income from continuing operations before income
   taxes

Income tax provision

Income from continuing operations, net of tax
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net (loss) income

Years Ended 
September 30,

2019

2018

100%   
61%   
39%   
28%   
4%   
—%   
1%   
6%   
—%   
—%   
1%   

7%   
3%   
4%   
(10)%  
(6)%  

100%
63%
37%
26%
3%
2%
—%
6%
3%
—%
1%

10%
3%
7%
(2)%
5%

Fiscal 2019 compared to Fiscal 2018

Net Revenue

Net revenue consists of revenue recognized upon shipment or installation of equipment, with the exception of 
products  using  new  technology,  for  which  revenue  is  recognized  upon  customer  acceptance.  Spare  parts  sales  are 
recognized  upon  shipment  and  service  revenue  is  recognized  upon  completion  of  the  service  activity,  which  is 
generally  ratable  over  the  term  of  the  service  contract.  Since  the  majority  of  our  revenue  is  generated  from  large 
system sales, revenue and operating income can be significantly impacted by the timing of system shipments and 
system  acceptances.    See  “Critical  Accounting  Policies  –  Revenue  Recognition”  included  in  the  “Item  7. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Our  net  revenue  by  operating  segment  for  the  years  ended  September 30,  2019  and  2018  were  as  follows 

(dollars in thousands):

Segment
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation

Total net revenue

  $

  $

2018
2019
80,163   $ (13,708)  
66,455   $
(79)  
13,761    
13,682    
4,898    
(1,231)  
6,129    
85,035   $ 100,053   $ (15,018)  

(17)%
(1)%
(20)%
(15)%

Years Ended 
September 30,

Increase
(Decrease)     % Change  

Net  revenue  for  the  years  ended  September 30,  2019  and  2018  were  $85.0  million  and  $100.1  million, 
respectively,  a  decrease  of  $15.0  million  or  15%.  Revenue  from  the  Semiconductor  segment  decreased  $13.7 
million, or 17%, primarily due to market demand peaking in fiscal 2018 and economic and trade challenges facing 
the  semiconductor  industry.  Revenue  from  the  SiC/LED  segment  was  relatively  flat.  Our  Automation  segment 
revenues decreased $1.2 million, or 20%, primarily due to lower automation shipments to solar customers.

Backlog and Orders

Our  backlog,  including  deferred  revenue,  as  of  September 30,  2019  and  2018  were  as  follows  (dollars  in 

thousands):

Segment
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation

Total backlog

September 30,
2019

September 30,
2018

Increase
(Decrease)    % Change  

 $

 $

14,902  $
966   
1,458   
17,326  $

21,023  $
2,695   
2,573   
26,291  $

(6,121)  
(1,729)  
(1,115)  
(8,965)  

(29)%
(64)%
(43)%
(34)%

New orders booked in the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Segment
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation

Total new orders

  $

  $

2018
2019
81,868   $ (21,243)  
60,625   $
(2,796)  
14,769    
11,973    
3,962    
(1,620)  
5,582    
76,560   $ 102,219   $ (25,659)  

(26)%
(19)%
(29)%
(25)%

Years Ended 
September 30,

Increase
(Decrease)     % Change  

At  the  end  of  2019,  one  customer  individually  accounted  for  13%  of  our  total  backlog.  No  other  customer 
accounted  for  10%  or  more  of  our  backlog  as  of  September 30,  2019.  The  orders  included  in  our  backlog  are 
generally credit approved customer purchase orders believed to be firm and are generally expected to ship within the 
next twelve months. Because our orders are typically subject to cancellation or delay by the customer, our backlog at 
any particular point in time is not necessarily representative of actual sales for succeeding periods, nor is backlog 
any assurance that we will realize profit from completing these orders.

38

 
 
   
     
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
     
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Gross  profit  is  the  difference  between  net  revenue  and  cost  of  goods  sold.  Cost  of  goods  sold  consists  of 
purchased material, labor and overhead to manufacture equipment or spare parts and the cost of service and support 
to  customers  for  installation,  warranty  and  paid  service  calls.  Gross  margin  is  gross  profit  as  a  percent  of  net 
revenue.  Our gross profit and gross margin by operating segment for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 
were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Segment
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation

Total gross profit

Years Ended September 30,

2019
 $ 27,365    
5,338    
654    
 $ 33,357    

Gross
Margin  

2018

Gross
Margin  

Incr
(Decr)

% 
Change  

41% $ 30,522    
5,284    
39%  
13%  
1,112    
39% $ 36,918    

38% $ (3,157)  
54    
38%  
18%  
(458)  
37% $ (3,561)  

(10)%
1%
(41)%
(10)%

Gross  profit  for  the  years  ended  September 30,  2019  and  2018  was  $33.4  million  and  $36.9  million 
respectively, representing a decrease of $3.6 million or 10%. Gross margin for 2019 and 2018 was 39% and 37%, 
respectively. Gross margin for the Semiconductor segment increased to 41% in 2019, compared to 38% in 2018, due 
primarily  to  product  mix,  with  2019  bringing  in  an  increased  mix  of  higher  margin  parts  and  upgrades.  In  the 
SiC/LED segment, gross margin increased slightly to 39% in 2019, compared to 38% in 2018. Gross margin from 
our Automation segment decreased to 13% from 18% primarily due to fixed costs being spread over reduced sales 
volumes in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A  expenses  consist  of  the  cost  of  employees,  consultants  and  contractors,  facility  costs,  sales 
commissions, shipping costs, promotional marketing expenses, legal and accounting expenses and bad debt expense.

Total  SG&A  expenses  for  the  years  ended  September 30,  2019  and  2018  were  $24.3  million  and  $25.7 
million, respectively.  In 2019, SG&A decreased by $1.5 million primarily due to lower employee-related expenses 
and  lower  commissions  on  lower  sales,  partially  offset  by  increased  tariff  charges  and  freight.  SG&A  expense 
includes $0.6 million and $0.9 million of stock-based compensation expense for 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Research, Development and Engineering

RD&E  expenses  consist  of  the  cost  of  employees,  consultants  and  contractors  who  design,  engineer  and 
develop  new  products  and  processes  as  well  as  materials  and  supplies  used  in  producing  prototypes.    We  receive 
reimbursements  through  governmental  research  and  development  grants  which  are  netted  against  these  expenses 
when certain conditions have been met.

RD&E expense, net of grants earned, for the years ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 were $3.1 million and 
$2.9  million,  respectively,  an  increase  of  $0.2  million,  due  primarily  to  increased  R&D  spending  in  our 
Semiconductor segment, partially offset by lower R&D spending in our Automation segment.

Impairment Charges

Impairment  charges  at  our  continuing  operations  for  the  year  ended  September 30,  2018  were  $2.2  million. 
These  charges  were  recorded  in  our  Automation  segment.    There  were  no  impairment  charges  at  our  continuing 
operations in fiscal 2019.

We conducted our periodic assessment of long-lived assets in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018. As a result of 
the decline in demand for our solar technology, management determined that the carrying values of the related assets 
were not fully recoverable.  As a result, we recorded impairment charges related to goodwill and intangible assets in 
our former Solar segment, part of which is now our Automation segment (see Note 9).

39

 
 
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
  
Restructuring Charges

We  recorded  restructuring  charges  of  $1.1  million  in  2019,  related  to  the  departure  of  our  former  Chief 
Executive Officer and the consolidation of our satellite offices in Asia. There were no restructuring charges in the 
corresponding prior-year period.

Gain on Sale of Other Assets

For the year ended September 30, 2018, we recognized a gain of $2.9 million on the sale of our investment in 

Kingstone Technology Hong Kong Limited, with no comparable items in the 2019 period.

Income Taxes

Our  effective  tax  rate  at  our  continuing  operations  was  45.6%  and  33.2%  in  fiscal  2019  and  2018, 
respectively.  The effective tax rate is the ratio of total income tax expense to pre-tax income.  The effective tax rates 
for  2019  and  2018  were  higher  than  the  U.S.  statutory  rate,  due  primarily  to  higher  taxes  on  income  in  foreign 
jurisdictions as well as state income taxes.    

Generally accepted accounting principles require that a valuation allowance be established when it is “more 
likely than not” that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. A review of all available positive and 
negative evidence needs to be considered, including a company’s performance, the market environment in which the 
company operates and the length of carryback and carryforward periods. According to those principles, it is difficult 
to  conclude  that  a  valuation  allowance  is  not  needed  when  the  negative  evidence  includes  cumulative  losses  in 
recent years. Therefore, in 2019, cumulative losses in the Solar segment weighed heavily in the overall assessment. 
As a result of the review, it was determined that it was appropriate to maintain a full valuation allowance for all net 
deferred tax assets in the foreign jurisdictions in which the Solar segment has operations, and for the carryforwards 
of U.S. net operating losses and foreign tax credits, acquired in the merger with BTU, for which there are limitations 
on  their  utilization.  We  continue  to  monitor  our  cumulative  income  and  loss  positions  in  the  U.S.  and  foreign 
jurisdictions to determine whether full valuation allowances on net deferred tax assets are appropriate.

Our future effective income tax rate depends on various factors, such as the amount of income (loss) in each 
tax jurisdiction, tax regulations governing each region, non-tax deductible expenses incurred as a percent of pre-tax 
income and the effectiveness of our tax planning strategies.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity and Capital Allocation

We maintain a strong focus on liquidity and define our liquidity risk tolerance based on sources and uses to 
maintain a sufficient liquidity position to meet our obligations through our industry cycles, under both normal and 
stressed conditions. We manage our liquidity to provide access to sufficient funding to meet our business needs and 
financial obligations throughout business cycles. We operate in the semiconductor capital equipment industry, which 
is  cyclical,  and  we  must  ensure  we  have  sufficient  liquidity  during  the  down  cycles  and  varying  macroeconomic 
conditions. Our liquidity plans are established within the context of our financial and strategic planning processes 
and  consider  the  liquidity  necessary  to  fund  our  operating  commitments,  which  include  purchase  obligations  for 
inventory  and  equipment,  payroll  and  general  expenses.  We  also  consider  our  capital  allocation  and  growth 
objectives,  including  investing  in  research  and  development,  capital  expenditures  (including  capacity  assessments 
and IT systems) and debt payments.  

See information below regarding payments we expect to make as a result of contractual obligations. We have 
never  paid  dividends  on  our  common  stock.  Our  present  policy  is  to  apply  cash  to  investments  in  product 
development and upgrades, acquisitions or expansion; consequently, we do not expect to pay dividends on common 
stock in the foreseeable future.  However, once the above priorities have been met, we will evaluate the returning of 
capital to shareholders, as we have done in the past.

40

The success of our growth strategy is dependent upon the availability of additional capital resources on terms 
satisfactory  to  management.  Our  sources  of  capital  in  the  past  have  included  the  sale  of  equity  securities,  which 
includes common stock sold in private transactions and public offerings, and cash generated from operations. There 
can be no assurance that we can raise such additional capital resources when needed or on satisfactory terms. We 
believe  that  our  principal  sources  of  liquidity  discussed  above  are  sufficient  to  support  operations  for  at  least  the 
next twelve months. 

Cash and Cash Flow

The  following  table  sets  forth  for  the  periods  presented  certain  consolidated  cash  flow  information  (in 

thousands):

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted
   cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year*
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of year*

  $
  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

2019

Fiscal Years Ended September 30,
2018
(13,768)   $
4,351    $
(2,476)   $
(1,372)   $

173    $
(1,826)   $
(157)   $
(1,552)   $

2017

(3,362)   $
62,496    $
59,134    $

(13,265)   $
75,761    $
62,496    $

34,051 
(1,216)
12,701 
1,677 

47,213 
28,548 
75,761  

*

Includes Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash that are included in Held-For-Sale Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As  of  September 30,  2019  and  2018,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  at  our  continuing  operations  were  $53.0 
million  and  $45.9  million,  respectively.    As  of  September 30,  2019  and  2018,  restricted  cash  at  our  continuing 
operations was $0.1 million and $18,000, respectively. Our working capital was $77.6 million as of September 30, 
2019 and $82.7 million as of September 30, 2018.  Our ratio of current assets to current liabilities was 3.5:1 as of 
September 30, 2019, and 2.7:1 as of September 30, 2018. Excluding our held-for-sale assets and liabilities, our ratio 
of current assets to current liabilities was 7.1:1 as of September 30, 2019, and 5.4:1 as of September 30, 2018.

The  $3.4  million  decrease  in  consolidated  cash  during  2019  was  primarily  due  to  $0.1  million  of  net  loss 
adjusted  for  non-cash  items,  offset  by  $0.7  million  used  for  capital  expenditures  and  a  $1.1  million  decrease  as  a 
result  of  the  sale  of  SoLayTec.    We  maintain  cash  accounts  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  our  reporting 
currency, which expose us to foreign exchange rate fluctuations.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities was $0.2 million in 2019 compared to cash used in operating activities 
of $13.8 million in 2018 and cash provided by operations of $34.1 million in fiscal year 2017. During 2019, cash 
was  primarily  generated  through  net  loss  adjusted  for  non-cash  items  of  $0.1  million.  During  2018,  cash  was 
primarily  generated  through  net  income  adjusted  for  non-cash  items  of  $12.8  million  and  increases  in  current 
liabilities,  such  as  customer  deposits  and  accounts  payable.  These  increases  were  partially  offset  by  a  decrease  in 
accounts receivable.  During 2017, cash was primarily generated through net income adjusted for non-cash items of 
$12.3 million and increases in current liabilities, such as customer deposits and accounts payable. These increases 
were partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable due to the high volumes of shipments during the fourth 
quarter of 2017 and advances made to vendors.

41

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $1.8 million in 2019, primarily related to the sale of SoLayTec.  Cash 
provided by investing activities was $4.4 million in 2018, primarily related to the sale of our ownership interest in 
Kingstone  Hong  Kong  of  $5.7  million.    Cash  used  in  investing  activities  was  $1.2  million  in  2017.    Investing 
activities  in  2019,  2018  and  2017  included  capital  expenditures  of  $0.7  million,  $1.5  million  and  $1.3  million, 
respectively.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

In 2019, cash used in financing activities was $0.2 million, primarily consisting of $0.2 million in proceeds 
from  the  exercise  of  stock  options  offset  by  payments  on  long-term  debt  of  $0.4  million.    In  2018,  cash  used  in 
financing activities was $2.5 million, primarily consisting of $4.0 million used for stock repurchases, partially offset 
by $1.9 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options.  In 2017, cash provided by financing activities was 
$12.7 million, primarily consisting of $10.6 million of net proceeds from issuance of our common stock and $2.0 
million of net proceeds from the exercise of stock options.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As  of  September 30,  2019,  we  had  no  off-balance  sheet  arrangements  as  defined  in  Item  303(a)(4)  of 
Regulation  S-K  promulgated  by  the  SEC  that  have  or  are  reasonably  likely  to  have  a  current  or  future  effect  on 
financial  condition,  changes  in  financial  condition,  revenues  or  expenses,  results  of  operations,  liquidity,  capital 
expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

We  had  the  following  contractual  obligations  and  commercial  commitments  as  of  September 30,  2019,  in 

thousands:

Contractual obligations
Debt obligations
Operating lease obligations:

Buildings
Office equipment
Vehicles

Total operating lease obligations
Purchase obligations
Total
Other commercial obligations:

Bank guarantees

Critical Accounting Policies

Total

Less than
1 year

1-3 years

3-5 years

More than
5 years

  $

5,549    $

371    $

776    $

843    $

3,559 

8,780     
70     
30     
8,880     
4,404     
  $ 18,833    $

471     
34     
17     
522     
4,404     
5,297    $

573     
24     
13     
610     
—     
1,386    $

552     
9     
—     
561     
—     

7,184 
3 
— 
7,187 
— 
1,404    $ 10,746 

  $

292    $

292    $

—    $

—    $

—  

See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for a 
discussion of our consolidated financial statements that have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles 
generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America.  The  preparation  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements 
requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of 
the consolidated financial statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated 
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.

42

 
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
  
On  an  on-going  basis,  we  evaluate  our  estimates  and  judgments,  including  those  related  to  revenue 
recognition, inventory valuation and inventory purchase commitments, accounts receivable collectability, warranty 
and  impairment  of  long-lived  assets.  We  base  our  estimates  and  judgments  on  historical  experience,  expectations 
regarding  the  future  and  on  various  other  factors  that  we  believe  to  be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances.  The 
results of these estimates and judgments form the basis for making conclusions about the carrying value of assets 
and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under 
different assumptions or conditions.

A  critical  accounting  policy  is  one  that  is  both  important  to  the  presentation  of  our  financial  position  and 
results of operations, and requires management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result 
of  the  need  to  make  estimates  about  the  effect  of  matters  that  are  inherently  uncertain.  These  uncertainties  are 
discussed  in  “Item  1A.  Risk  Factors.”  We  believe  the  following  critical  accounting  policies  affect  the  more 
significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue  Recognition.    We  adopted  ASU  No.  2014-09,  “Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers,”  which 
created  FASB  Topic  606  (“ASC  606”)  with  a  date  of  initial  application  of  October  1,  2018.    Under  ASC  606, 
revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the 
consideration  expected  to  be  received  in  exchange  for  those  goods  or  services.  A  performance  obligation  is  a 
promise in a contract to transfer a product or service to the customer. The transaction price of a contract is allocated 
to  each  distinct  performance  obligation  based  upon  the  relative  standalone  selling  price  for  each  performance 
obligation and is recognized as revenue upon satisfaction of the performance obligation.  We apply the following 
five steps:

1) Identify the contract with the customer

A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enters into an enforceable contract with a customer 
that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the related payment 
terms, (ii) the contract has commercial substance, and (iii) the Company determines that collection of substantially 
all consideration for goods and services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to 
pay the promised consideration.

2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract

Performance  obligations  promised  in  a  contract  are  identified  based  on  the  goods  and  services  that  will  be 
transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the good 
or service either on its own or together with other available resources, and are distinct in the context of the contract, 
whereby  the  transfer  of  the  good  or  service  is  separately  identifiable  from  other  promises  to  the  customer  in  the 
contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised goods and services, the Company must apply judgment 
to  determine  whether  promised  goods  and  services  are  capable  of  being  distinct  and  distinct  in  the  context  of  the 
contract. If these criteria are not met, the promised goods and services are accounted for as a combined performance 
obligation.

Our equipment sales consist of multiple performance obligations, including the system itself and obligations 
that are not delivered simultaneously with the system, primarily installation services. Customers who purchase new 
systems  are  provided  an  assurance-type  warranty,  generally  for  periods  of  12  to  24  months.    In  accordance  with 
ASC 606, assurance-type warranties are not considered a performance obligation.

3) Determine the transaction price

The  transaction  price  is  determined  based  on  the  consideration  to  which  the  Company  will  be  entitled  in 
exchange for transferring goods and services to the customer. The transaction price for equipment sales is adjusted 
for  estimated  product  returns  that  we  expect  to  occur  under  our  return  policy  based  upon  past  return  rates,  which 
have  historically  been  immaterial.    In  rare  cases  when  the  transaction  price  includes  variable  consideration,  the 
Company estimates  the  amount  of  variable  consideration that should  be  included  in  the  transaction price  utilizing 
either  the  expected  value  method  or  the  most  likely  amount  method  depending  on  the  nature  of  the  variable 
consideration. Any estimates, including the effect of the constraint on variable consideration, are evaluated at each 
reporting period for any changes.

43

The transaction price for all transactions is based on the price reflected in the individual customer’s purchase 
order. Variable consideration has not been identified as a significant component of the transaction price for any of 
our transactions.

4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single 
performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple distinct performance obligations require an allocation of the 
transaction  price  to  each  distinct  performance  obligation  on  a  relative  standalone  selling  price  basis  unless  the 
transaction price is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to each distinct performance obligation or 
to a distinct service that forms part of a single performance obligation.

Where required, the Company determines the SSP for each performance obligation based on consideration of 

both market and Company specific factors, including the selling price and profit margin for similar products.

For those contracts that contain multiple performance obligations (primarily system sales requiring installation 
services),  the  Company  must  determine  the  SSP.  To  determine  the  SSP  for  labor  related  performance  obligations 
(such as the labor component of installation), the Company uses directly observable inputs based on the standalone 
sale  prices  for  these  services.  The  Company  uses  a  cost-plus  margin  approach  in  determining  the  SSP  for  any 
materials-related performance obligations (e.g., system add-ons, spare parts, and systems).

5) Recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

The Company satisfies performance obligations either over time or at a point in time. Revenue is recognized 
over  time  if  either  1)  the  customer  simultaneously  receives  and  consumes  the  benefits  provided  by  the  entity’s 
performance,  2)  the  entity’s  performance  creates  or  enhances  an  asset  that  the  customer  controls  as  the  asset  is 
created or enhanced, or 3) the entity’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity and 
the  entity  has  an  enforceable  right  to  payment  for  performance  completed  to  date.  If  the  entity  does  not  satisfy  a 
performance obligation over time, the related performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time by transferring 
the control of a promised good or service to a customer. Examples of control are using the asset to produce goods or 
services,  enhance  the  value  of  other  assets,  settle  liabilities,  and  holding  or  selling  the  asset.  For  over  time 
recognition,  ASC  606  requires  the  Company  to  select  a  single  revenue  recognition  method  for  the  performance 
obligation that faithfully depicts the Company’s performance in transferring control of the goods and services. The 
guidance  allows  entities  to  choose  between  two  methods  to  measure  progress  toward  complete  satisfaction  of  a 
performance obligation:

Output methods - recognize revenue on the basis of direct measurements of the value to the customer of the 
goods or services transferred to date relative to the remaining goods or services promised under the contract 
(e.g.,  surveys  of  performance  completed  to  date,  appraisals  of  results  achieved,  milestones  reached,  time 
elapsed, and units of produced or units delivered); and

Input  methods  -  recognize  revenue  on  the  basis  of  the  entity’s  efforts  or  inputs  to  the  satisfaction  of  a 
performance  obligation  (e.g.,  resources  consumed,  labor  hours  expended,  costs  incurred,  or  time  elapsed) 
relative to the total expected inputs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation.

Equipment and related product revenues (e.g., furnace systems, system add-ons, machinery, consumables and 
spare parts) are recognized at a point in time, when they are shipped or delivered, depending on contractual terms.  
For products where the customer’s defined specifications have not been met with at least two similarly configured 
systems  and  processes,  the  revenue  and  directly  related  costs  are  deferred  at  the  time  of  shipment  and  later 
recognized at the time of customer acceptance or when this criterion has been met.

For installation services, revenue is recognized at a point in time, once the installation of the tool is complete. 
The nature of the installation services are such that the customer does not simultaneously receive and consume the 
benefits  provided  by  the  entity’s  performance,  nor  does  performance  of  installation  services  create  or  enhance  an 
asset that the customer controls. Installation services do not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity, and 
the entity does not have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.

44

Maintenance and service contracts are recognized over time. Progress in the satisfaction of these performance 
obligations will be measured using an input method of either time elapsed in the case of fixed period contracts, or 
labor hours expended, in the case of project-based contracts.

Income Taxes.  The  calculation  of  tax  liabilities  involves  significant  judgment  in  identifying  uncertain  tax 
positions  and  estimating  the  amount  of  deferred  tax  assets  that  will  be  realized  in  the  future  and  the  impact  of 
uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with 
our expectations could have a material impact on our operations and financial condition.

We are required to apply a more-likely-than-not threshold to the recognition and derecognition of uncertain 
tax  positions  and  in  determining  whether  certain  tax  benefits  will  be  realized  in  the  future.  We  are  required  to 
recognize the amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being ultimately realized upon 
settlement. It further requires that a change in judgment related to the expected ultimate resolution of uncertain tax 
positions be recognized in earnings in the period of such change.

Inventory Valuation and Inventory Purchase Commitments. We value our inventory at the lower of cost or 
net  realizable  value.  Costs  for  over  90%  of  inventory  at  our  continuing  operations  as  of  September 30,  2019  and 
2018 are determined on a FIFO basis, with the remainder determined on an average cost basis. We regularly review 
inventory quantities and record a write-down to net realizable value for excess and obsolete inventory. The write-
down  is  primarily  based  on  historical  inventory  usage  adjusted  for  expected  changes  in  product  demand  and 
production  requirements.  Our  industry  is  characterized  by  customers  in  highly  cyclical  industries,  rapid 
technological changes, frequent new product developments and rapid product obsolescence. Changes in demand for 
our products and product mix could result in further write-downs.

We  must  order  components  for  our  products  and  build  inventory  in  advance  of  product  shipments  through 
issuance of purchase orders based on projected demand. These commitments typically cover our requirements for 
periods  ranging  from  30  to  180  days  or  longer  when  there  is  a  significant  increase  in  demand  or  lead-times  from 
suppliers. These purchase commitments may result in accepting delivery of components not needed to meet current 
demand.   We  accrue  for  estimated  cancellation  fees  related  to  component  orders  that  have  been  cancelled  or  are 
expected to be cancelled, and for excess inventories that will likely result in our taking delivery of ordered inventory 
items in excess of our projected needs. If there is an abrupt and substantial decline in demand for one or more of our 
products,  an  unanticipated  change  in  technological  requirements  for  any  of  our  products,  or  a  change  in  our 
suppliers’  practice  of  not  enforcing  purchase  commitments,  we  may  be  required  to  record  additional  charges  for 
these items.  This would negatively impact gross margin in the period when the charges are recorded.

Long-Lived Assets.  We  periodically  evaluate  whether  events  and  circumstances  have  occurred  that  indicate 
the estimated useful lives of long-lived assets or intangible assets may warrant revision or that the remaining balance 
may  not  be  recoverable.  Factors  that  we  consider  in  deciding  when  to  perform  an  impairment  review  include 
significant under-performance of a business or product line in relation to expectations, significant negative industry 
or economic trends, and significant changes or planned changes in our use of the assets. In accordance with FASB 
ASC 360, we measure the recoverability of assets that we will continue to use in our operations by comparing the 
carrying  value  of  the  asset  grouping  to  our  estimate  of  the  related  total  future  undiscounted  net  cash  flows.  If  an 
asset grouping’s carrying value is not recoverable through the related undiscounted cash flows, the asset grouping is 
considered to be impaired. We measure the impairment by comparing the difference between the asset grouping’s 
carrying value and its fair value. The long-lived assets are considered a non-financial asset and are recorded at fair 
value only if an impairment charge is recognized.

Indefinite-Lived  Assets  and  Goodwill.  We  perform  an  annual  impairment  test  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  each 
year,  or  more  frequently  if  indicators  of  potential  impairment  exist,  to  determine  whether  the  fair  value  of  a 
reporting  unit  in  which  goodwill  resides  is  less  than  its  carrying  value.  In  accordance  with  FASB  ASC  350,  we 
perform  the  first  step  of  the  goodwill  impairment  test,  which  compares  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit  to  its 
carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, 
goodwill is not considered impaired and we are not required to perform additional analysis. If the carrying value of 
the  net  assets  assigned  to  the  reporting  unit  exceeds  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit,  we  would  recognize  an 
impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value (although 
the loss would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit).

45

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Our 
goodwill impairment test uses a weighting of the income approach and the market approach to estimate a reporting 
unit’s  fair  value.  The  income  approach  is  based  on  a  discounted  future  cash  flow  analysis  that  uses  certain 
assumptions  including:  projections  of  revenues  and  expenses  and  related  cash  flows  based  on  assumed  long-term 
growth rates and demand trends; expected future investments and working capital requirements to sustain and grow 
the business; and estimated discount rates based on the reporting unit’s weighted average cost of capital as derived 
by the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and other methods, which includes observable market inputs and other 
data from identified comparable companies. The same estimates are also used internally for our capital budgeting 
process,  and  for  long-term  and  short-term  business  planning  and  forecasting.  We  test  the  reasonableness  of  the 
inputs and outcomes of our discounted cash flow analysis against available comparable market data.

The  market  approach  is  based  on  the  application  of  appropriate  market-derived  multiples  selected  from  (a) 
comparable publicly-traded companies and/or (b) the implied transaction multiples derived from identified merger 
and acquisition activity in the market. Multiples are then selected based on a comparison of the reviewed data to that 
of the reporting unit and applied to relevant historical and forecasted financial parameters such as levels of revenues, 
EBITDA, EBIT or other metrics.

Allowance  for  Doubtful  Accounts.  We  maintain  an  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  for  estimated  losses 
resulting from the inability or unwillingness of our customers to make required payments. This allowance is based 
on historical experience, credit evaluations, specific customer collection history and any customer-specific issues we 
have  identified.  Since  a  significant  portion  of  our  revenue  is  derived  from  the  sale  of  high-value  systems,  our 
accounts  receivable  are  often  concentrated  in  a  relatively  few  number  of  customers.  A  significant  change  in  the 
liquidity  or  financial  position  of  any  one  of  these  customers  could  have  a  material  adverse  impact  on  the 
collectability of our accounts receivable and our future operating results.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For  discussion  of  recently 

issued  accounting  pronouncements,  see  “Recently  Issued  Accounting 
Pronouncements”  within  Note  1  “Summary  of  Operations  and  Significant  Accounting  Policies”  in  “Item  8: 
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As  a  smaller  reporting  company,  as  defined  by  Rule  12b-2  of  the  Exchange  Act  and  in  Item  10(f)(1)  of 
Regulation S-K, we are electing scaled disclosure reporting obligations and, therefore, are not required to provide 
the information requested by this Item.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

Financial Statements

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets: September 30, 2019 and 2018
Consolidated Statements of Operations: Years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss): Years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity: Years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows: Years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

47
49
50
51
52
53
54

46

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Amtech  Systems,  Inc.  and  Subsidiaries  (the 
“Company”)  as  of  September 30,  2019  and  2018,  and  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations, 
comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 
September 30, 2019 and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the 
financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial  position  of  the  Company  as  of 
September 30, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the 
period ended September 30, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States 
of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States),  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  September 30,  2019,  based  on  criteria 
established  in  the  2013  Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (COSO)  and  our  report  dated  November 21,  2019  expressed  an 
unqualified opinion.

Adoption of New Accounting Standard

As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for revenue from 
contracts with customers as a result of the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from 
Contracts with Customers effective October 1, 2018, under the modified retrospective method.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent 
with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  of  material 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of 
material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that 
respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and 
disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. 
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ MAYER HOFFMAN MCCANN P.C.

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2005.

Phoenix, Arizona
November 21, 2019

47

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ (“Company”) internal control over financial reporting as 
of  September 30,  2019,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control—Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by 
the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (COSO  criteria).  In  our  opinion,  the 
Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 
2019, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of September 30, 2019 and 2018, and the 
related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for 
each of the years in the three-year period ended September 30, 2019 and the related notes (collectively referred to as 
the  “financial  statements”)  of  the  Company  and  our  report  dated  November 21,  2019  expressed  an  unqualified 
opinion  that  included  an  explanatory  paragraph  regarding  the  Company’s  change  in  method  of  accounting  for 
revenue from contracts with customers as a result of the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers, effective October 1, 2018.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and 
for  its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the  accompanying 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the 
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and 
the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an 
understanding  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  assessing  the  risk  that  a  material  weakness  exists,  and 
testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit 
also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that 
our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in 
accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America.  A  company’s  internal 
control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records 
that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; 
(2)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of    financial 
statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the 
company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and 
(3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use,  or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become 
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may 
deteriorate.

/s/ MAYER HOFFMAN MCCANN P.C.

Phoenix, Arizona
November 21, 2019

48

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Assets
Current Assets

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Accounts receivable

Trade (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $172 and $454 at
   September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively)
Unbilled and other

Inventory
Contract assets
Held-for-sale assets
Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, Plant and Equipment - Net
Intangible Assets - Net
Goodwill - Net
Other Assets

Total Assets

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable
Accrued compensation and related taxes
Accrued warranty expense
Other accrued liabilities
Current maturities of long-term debt
Contract liabilities
Income taxes payable
Held-for-sale liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-Term Debt
Income Taxes Payable
Total Liabilities

Commitments and Contingencies
Shareholders’ Equity

September 30,
2019

September 30,
2018

  $

52,982    $
101     

45,897 
18 

  $

  $

12,873     
—     
17,532     
36     
22,755     
1,991     
108,270     
10,217     
870     
6,633     
487     
126,477    $

4,371    $
2,717     
556     
1,274     
371     
1,378     
1,434     
18,547     
30,648     
5,178     
3,199     
39,025     

17,985 
291 
17,835 
— 
45,322 
2,884 
130,232 
10,509 
1,130 
6,633 
902 
149,406 

6,867 
3,359 
644 
667 
350 
1,519 
2,357 
31,798 
47,561 
5,542 
3,213 
56,316 

Preferred stock; 100,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
Common stock; $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; shares
   issued and outstanding: 14,268,797 and 14,216,596 at
   September 30, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Retained deficit

Total Shareholders’ Equity

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

—     

— 

143     
125,098     
(11,233)    
(26,556)    
87,452     
126,477    $

142 
124,316 
(9,974)
(21,394)
93,090 
149,406  

  $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

49

 
   
 
   
      
  
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)

Revenue, net of returns and allowances
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Impairment charges
Restructuring charges
Operating income

Gain on sale of other assets
Income (loss) from equity method investment
Interest and other income, net

Income from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax provision

Income from continuing operations, net of tax
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net (loss) income

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest - discontinued
   operations

Net (loss) income attributable to Amtech Systems, Inc.
Income (Loss) Per Basic Share:

Basic income per share from continuing operations
Basic (loss) income per share from discontinued operations

Net (loss) income per basic share
Income (Loss) Per Diluted Share:

Diluted income per share from continuing operations
Diluted (loss) income per share from discontinued operations

Net (loss) income per diluted share
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted

  $

  $

  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

2019

Years Ended September 30,
2018
100,053    $
63,135     
36,918     
25,743     
2,856     
2,247     
—     
6,072     
2,883     
234     
738     
9,927     
3,296     
6,631     
(1,326)    
5,305     

85,035    $
51,678     
33,357     
24,263     
3,068     
—     
1,110     
4,916     
—     
—     
852     
5,768     
2,633     
3,135     
(8,297)    
(5,162)    

—     
(5,162)   $

—     
5,305    $

0.22    $
(0.58)   $
(0.36)   $

0.22    $
(0.58)   $
(0.36)   $
14,240     
14,275     

0.45    $
(0.09)   $
0.36    $

0.44    $
(0.09)   $
0.35    $
14,833     
15,065     

2017

83,073 
51,967 
31,106 
24,727 
2,738 
— 
— 
3,641 
— 
(417)
379 
3,603 
1,409 
2,194 
5,892 
8,086 

1,045 
9,131 

0.16 
0.52 
0.68 

0.16 
0.52 
0.68 
13,378 
13,501  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

50

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands)

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Net (loss) income
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Reclassification adjustment for net foreign currency translation
   losses included in net income
Comprehensive (loss) income
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Amtech Systems, Inc.   $

  $

(5,162)   $
(1,746)    

5,305    $
(1,445)    

487     
(6,421)    
—     
(6,421)   $

—     
3,860     
—     
3,860    $

8,086 
423 

— 
8,509 
969 
9,478  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

51

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands)

Common Stock

Treasury Stock

Shares  
  13,179 

  $

Par
Value  
132 

Shares  
— 

Cost

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

Accumulated
Other
  Comprehensive  
Income (Loss)

  Retained  
Deficit

Total
Shareholders’
Equity

  $

— 

  $

111,631 

  $

(8,876)   $ (35,830)   $

67,057 

  $

Balances at September 30, 2016

Net income
Translation adjustment
Acquisition of non-controlling
   interest
Tax benefit of stock
   compensation
Proceeds from stock offering
Stock compensation expense
Stock options exercised
Balances at September 30, 2017

Net income
Translation adjustment
Repurchase of treasury stock
Retirement of treasury stock
Stock compensation expense
Stock options exercised
Balances at September 30, 2018

Net loss
Translation adjustment
Stock compensation expense
Stock options exercised
Balances at September 30, 2019

— 
— 

— 

— 
1,214 
— 
318 
  14,711 

  $

— 
— 
— 
(771)  
— 
277 
  14,217 

  $

— 
— 
— 
52 
  14,269 

  $

— 
— 

— 

— 
12 
— 
3 
147 

— 
— 
— 
(8)  
— 
3 
142 

— 
— 
— 
1 
143 

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

  $

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

  $

— 
— 

— 

18 
10,620 
1,328 
1,967 
125,564 

— 
347 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 

9,131 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 

  $

(8,529)   $ (26,699)   $

— 
— 
(771)  
771 
— 
— 
— 

  $

— 
— 
(4,000)  
4,000 
— 
— 
— 

  $

— 
— 
— 
(3,992)  
855 
1,889 
124,316 

  $

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

  $

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

  $

— 
— 
573 
209 
125,098 

— 
(1,445)  
— 
— 
— 
— 

5,305 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

(9,974)   $ (21,394)   $

— 
(1,259)  
— 
— 

(5,162)  
— 
— 
— 

  $

(11,233)   $ (26,556)   $

  Non-controlling  
Interest

Total
  Equity  
(1,718)   $ 65,339 

9,131 
347 

— 

18 
10,632 
1,328 
1,970 
90,483 

  $

5,305 
(1,445)  
(4,000)  
— 
855 
1,892 
93,090 

  $

(5,162)  
(1,259)  
573 
210 
87,452 

  $

(1,045)  
76 

8,086 
423 

2,687 

2,687 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

18 
  10,632 
1,328 
1,970 
  $ 90,483 

5,305 
(1,445)
(4,000)
— 
855 
1,892 
  $ 93,090 

(5,162)
(1,259)
573 
210 
  $ 87,452  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Operating Activities
Net (loss) income
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
   (used in) operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Non-cash impairment charges
Write-down of inventory
Capitalized interest
Provision for (reversal of) allowance for doubtful accounts
Deferred income taxes
Non-cash share based compensation expense
(Gain) loss on sale of property, plant and equipment
Gain on sale of subsidiary
Gain on sale of other assets
(Income) loss from equity method investment

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable
Inventory
Contract and other assets
Accounts payable
Accrued income taxes
Accrued and other liabilities
Contract liabilities

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
Net cash disposed of in sale of subsidiary
Proceeds from sale of other assets
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
Repurchase of common stock
Payments on long-term debt
Borrowings on long-term debt
Excess tax benefit of stock compensation
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

2019

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

  $

(5,162)   $

5,305    $

8,086 

1,690   
—   
3,193   
106   
1,074   
220   
573   
(11)  
(1,614)  
—   
—   

299   
(435)  
12,847   
(1,787)  
(3,011)  
(6,876)  
(933)  
173   

(714)  
—   
(1,112)  
—   
(1,826)  

210   
—   
(376)  
9   
—   
(157)  

1,854   
7,006   
542   
143   
45   
209   
855   
(92)  
—   
(2,883)  
(234)  

3,274   
3,965   
10,649   
(10,164)  
(1,749)  
1,960   
(34,453)  
(13,768)  

(1,495)  
114   
—   
5,732   
4,351   

1,892   
(4,000)  
(368)  
—   
—   
(2,476)  

(1,552)  
(3,362)  
62,496   
59,134    $

(1,372)  
(13,265)  
75,761   
62,496    $

993    $
262   

—    $
—   

—   

(980)   $
304   

902    $
—   

2,493 
— 
420 
277 
(720)
(27)
1,328 
26 
— 
— 
417 

(8,655)
(6,638)
(8,898)
5,374 
573 
1,913 
38,082 
34,051 

(1,256)
40 
— 
— 
(1,216)

12,602 
— 
(674)
755 
18 
12,701 

1,677 
47,213 
28,548 
75,761 

146 
269 

120 
22 

Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and
   Restricted Cash
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, Beginning of Year*
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, End of Year*

Supplemental Cash Flow Information:

Income tax (payments) refunds, net
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest

Supplemental Non-cash Financing and Investing Activities:
Transfer inventory to property, plant, and equipment
Transfer of property, plant, and equipment to inventory
Net of acquired non-controlling interest over debt forgiveness
   (See Note 16)

  $

  $

  $

—   

(332)

*

Includes Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash that are included in Held-For-Sale Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
For the Years Ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017

1.  Summary of Operations and Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business – Amtech is a leading, global manufacturer of capital equipment, including thermal 
processing and wafer polishing, and related consumables used in fabricating semiconductor devices, such as silicon 
carbide  (SiC)  and  silicon  power  chips,  electronic  assemblies  and  light-emitting  diodes  (LEDs).  We  sell  these 
products  to  semiconductor  and  automotive  component  manufacturers  worldwide,  particularly  in  Asia,  North 
America and Europe.

We  serve  niche  markets  in  industries  that  are  experiencing  technological  advances,  and  which  historically 
have been very cyclical. Therefore, future profitability and growth depend on our ability to develop or acquire and 
market profitable new products and on our ability to adapt to cyclical trends.

In  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  2019,  we  began  the  process  to  divest  our  solar  business.  As  such,  we  have 
classified substantially all of the Solar segment as held for sale in our Consolidated Balance Sheets and reported its 
results as discontinued operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. For additional information on the 
divestiture, see Note 16. For additional information on our segments, see Note 18.

Our fiscal year is from October 1 to September 30. Unless otherwise stated, references to the years 2019, 2018 

and 2017 relate to the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Principles  of  Consolidation  –  The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  the  Company 
and  our  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  and  subsidiaries  in  which  we  have  a  controlling  interest.    We  report  non-
controlling interests in consolidated entities as a component of equity separate from our equity.  The equity method 
of  accounting  is  used  for  investments  over  which  we  have  a  significant  influence  but  not  a  controlling  financial 
interest. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  Effective July 
1,  2017,  we  purchased  the  non-controlling  interest  in  SoLayTec,  pursuant  to  which  SoLayTec  became  a  wholly-
owned subsidiary of Amtech.  Beginning July 1, 2017 through the disposal date of SoLayTec (see Note 16), the non-
controlling interest is no longer reported.  Prior amounts have not been restated.

Use  of  Estimates  –  The  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  accounting 
principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and 
assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and 
liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenue  and  expenses 
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications – Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to 
the  current  year  presentation,  including  the  addition  of  restricted  cash  to  cash  and  cash  equivalents  on  our 
consolidated statements of cash flows as a result of the adoption of new accounting guidance. Results for all periods 
presented in this report have been reclassified for discontinued operations (Note 2) and for changes to our reportable 
segments  (Note  18).  These  reclassifications  had  no  effect  on  the  previously  reported  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements for any period.

Divestitures  –  Significant  accounting  policies  associated  with  a  decision  to  dispose  of  a  business  are 

discussed below:

Discontinued  Operations  –  A  business  is  classified  as  discontinued  operations  if  the  disposal  represents  a 
strategic shift that will have a major effect on operations or financial results and meets the criteria to be classified as 
held  for  sale  or  is  disposed  of  by  sale  or  otherwise.  Significant  judgments  are  involved  in  determining  whether  a 
business meets the criteria for discontinued operations reporting and the period in which these criteria are met. If a 
business is reported as a discontinued operation, the results of operations through the date of sale, including any gain 
or loss recognized on the disposition, are presented on a separate line of the Consolidated Statement of Operations. 
Interest on debt directly attributable to the discontinued operation is allocated to discontinued operations.

54

Assets Held for Sale – An asset or business is classified as held for sale when (i) management commits to a 
plan to sell and it is actively marketed; (ii) it is available for immediate sale and the sale is expected to be completed 
within  one  year;  and  (iii)  it  is  unlikely  significant  changes  to  the  plan  will  be  made  or  that  the  plan  will  be 
withdrawn. In isolated instances, assets held for sale may exceed one year due to events or circumstances beyond 
our  control.  The  assets  and  related  liabilities  are  aggregated  and  reported  on  separate  lines  of  the  Consolidated 
Balance Sheets.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or 
less  when  purchased  to  be  cash  equivalents.  Our  cash  and  cash  equivalents  consist  of  amounts  invested  in 
U.S. money market funds and various U.S. and foreign bank operating and time deposit accounts.

Restricted Cash – Restricted cash includes collateral for bank guarantees required by certain customers from 

whom deposits have been received in advance of shipment.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts – Accounts receivable are recorded at the sales 
price  of  products  sold  to  customers  on  trade  credit  terms.  Accounts  receivable  are  considered  past  due  when 
payment  has  not  been  received  from  the  customer  within  the  normal  credit  terms  extended  to  that  customer.  A 
valuation  allowance  is  established  for  accounts  when  collection  is  no  longer  probable.  Accounts  are  written  off 
against the allowance when the probability of collection is remote.

Inventory  –  We  value  our  inventory  at  the  lower  of  cost  or  net  realizable  value.  Costs  for  over  90%  of 
inventory at our continuing operations as of September 30, 2019 and 2018 are determined on a FIFO basis, with the 
remainder determined on an average cost basis. We regularly review inventory quantities and record a write-down to 
net  realizable  value  for  excess  and  obsolete  inventory.  The  write-down  is  primarily  based  on  historical  inventory 
usage adjusted for expected changes in product demand and production requirements. Our industry is characterized 
by  customers  in  highly  cyclical  industries,  rapid  technological  changes,  frequent  new  product  developments  and 
rapid  product  obsolescence.  Changes  in  demand  for  our  products  and  product  mix  could  result  in  further  write-
downs.

We  must  order  components  for  our  products  and  build  inventory  in  advance  of  product  shipments  through 
issuance of purchase orders based on projected demand. These commitments typically cover our requirements for 
periods  ranging  from  30  to  180  days  or  longer  when  there  is  a  significant  increase  in  demand  or  lead-times  from 
suppliers. These purchase commitments may result in accepting delivery of components not needed to meet current 
demand.   We  accrue  for  estimated  cancellation  fees  related  to  component  orders  that  have  been  cancelled  or  are 
expected to be cancelled, and for excess inventories that will likely result in our taking delivery of ordered inventory 
items in excess of our projected needs. If there is an abrupt and substantial decline in demand for one or more of our 
products,  an  unanticipated  change  in  technological  requirements  for  any  of  our  products,  or  a  change  in  our 
suppliers’  practice  of  not  enforcing  purchase  commitments,  we  may  be  required  to  record  additional  charges  for 
these items.  This would negatively impact gross margin in the period when the charges are recorded.

Property,  Plant  and  Equipment  –  Property  plant,  and  equipment  are  recorded  at  cost.  Maintenance  and 
repairs  are  charged  to  expense  as  incurred.  The  cost  of  property  retired  or  sold  and  the  related  accumulated 
depreciation  and  amortization  are  removed  from  the  applicable  accounts  when disposition  occurs and  any  gain  or 
loss  is  recognized.  Depreciation  and  amortization  are  computed  using  the  straight-line  method  over  the  estimated 
useful  life  of  the  asset.  Useful  lives  for  equipment,  machinery  and  leasehold  improvements  range  from  three  to 
seven years; for furniture and fixtures from five to ten years; and for buildings from 20 to 30 years.

Reviews are regularly performed to determine whether facts and circumstances exist which indicate that the 
useful  life  is  shorter  than  originally  estimated  or  the  carrying  amount  of  assets  may  not  be  recoverable.  When  an 
indication exists that the carrying amount of long-lived assets may not be recoverable, we assess the recoverability 
of our assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related asset or group of 
assets  over  their  remaining  lives  against  their  respective  carrying  amounts.  Such  impairment  test  is  based  on  the 
lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and 
liabilities. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the estimated fair value of those 
assets.

55

Intangible  Assets  –  Intangible  assets  are  capitalized  and  amortized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  their 
estimated  useful  life,  if  the  life  is  determinable.  If  the  life  is  not  determinable,  amortization  is  not  recorded.  We 
regularly perform reviews to determine if facts and circumstances exist which indicate that the useful lives of our 
intangible assets are shorter than originally estimated or the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. 
When  an  indication  exists  that  the  carrying  amount  of  intangible  assets  may  not  be  recoverable,  we  assess  the 
recoverability of our assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related asset 
or group of assets over their remaining lives against their respective carrying amounts. Such impairment test is based 
on the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of 
assets and liabilities. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the estimated fair value 
of those assets. Patent costs consist primarily of legal and filing fees incurred to file patents on proprietary methods 
and technology developed by the Company. Patent costs are expensed when incurred as they are insignificant.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, we recorded a charge for impairment of intangible assets in our former 
Solar  segment.    See  Note  9  for  a  description  of  the  facts  and  circumstances  leading  to  the  intangible  asset 
impairment charge.

Goodwill - Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price paid for an acquisition exceeds the estimated fair 
value of net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired.  Goodwill is not subject to amortization but are tested 
for impairment when it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than 
its  carrying  amount,  typically  at  the  end  of  the  fiscal  year,  or  more  frequently  if  circumstances  dictate.  If  it  is 
concluded that there is a potential impairment, we would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which 
the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value (although the loss would not exceed the total amount of 
goodwill  allocated  to  the  reporting  unit).    Impairment  tests  include  the  use  of  estimates  and  assumptions  that  are 
inherently uncertain. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair 
value or goodwill impairment, or both.

In  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2018,  we  recorded  a  charge  for  impairment  of  goodwill  in  our  former  Solar 

segment.  See Note 10 for a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the goodwill impairment charge.

Revenue Recognition – We adopted ASU No. 2014-09,  “Revenue from Contracts  with  Customers,” which 
created  FASB  Topic  606  (“ASC  606”)  with  a  date  of  initial  application  of  October  1,  2018.    Under  ASC  606, 
revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the 
consideration  expected  to  be  received  in  exchange  for  those  goods  or  services.  A  performance  obligation  is  a 
promise in a contract to transfer a product or service to the customer. The transaction price of a contract is allocated 
to  each  distinct  performance  obligation  based  upon  the  relative  standalone  selling  price  for  each  performance 
obligation and is recognized as revenue upon satisfaction of the performance obligation.

We  implemented  ASC  606  using  the  modified  retrospective  approach  with  no  cumulative  effect  adjustment 
recorded to the opening balance of retained deficit. Prior period amounts have not been restated and continue to be 
reported  under  the  accounting  standards  in  effect  for  those  periods.  Upon  adoption  of  ASC  606,  we  changed  our 
accounting  policy  for  the  installation  performance  obligation  included  in  all  solar  system  sales  (now  part  of 
discontinued operations). Previously under ASC 605, we deferred revenue for the fair value of the installation and 
recognized  it  when  earned.  Under  ASC  606,  we  no  longer  record  a  deferral  but  will  continue  to  recognize  the 
revenue when earned.  This change in policy does not result in a change in the amount of revenue recorded; instead, 
it removes the installation liability from our balance sheet.

To achieve the core principle of the standard, we apply the following five steps:

1) Identify the contract with the customer

A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enters into an enforceable contract with a customer 
that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the related payment 
terms, (ii) the contract has commercial substance, and (iii) the Company determines that collection of substantially 
all consideration for goods and services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to 
pay the promised consideration.

56

2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract

Performance  obligations  promised  in  a  contract  are  identified  based  on  the  goods  and  services  that  will  be 
transferred to the customer that are both capable of being distinct, whereby the customer can benefit from the good 
or service either on its own or together with other available resources, and are distinct in the context of the contract, 
whereby  the  transfer  of  the  good  or  service  is  separately  identifiable  from  other  promises  to  the  customer  in  the 
contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised goods and services, the Company must apply judgment 
to  determine  whether  promised  goods  and  services  are  capable  of  being  distinct  and  distinct  in  the  context  of  the 
contract. If these criteria are not met, the promised goods and services are accounted for as a combined performance 
obligation.

Our equipment sales consist of multiple performance obligations, including the system itself and obligations 
that are not delivered simultaneously with the system, primarily installation services. Customers who purchase new 
systems  are  provided  an  assurance-type  warranty,  generally  for  periods  of  12  to  24  months.    In  accordance  with 
ASC 606, assurance-type warranties are not considered a performance obligation.

3) Determine the transaction price

The  transaction  price  is  determined  based  on  the  consideration  to  which  the  Company  will  be  entitled  in 
exchange for transferring goods and services to the customer. The transaction price for equipment sales is adjusted 
for  estimated  product  returns  that  we  expect  to  occur  under  our  return  policy  based  upon  past  return  rates,  which 
have  historically  been  immaterial.    In  rare  cases  when  the  transaction  price  includes  variable  consideration,  the 
Company estimates  the  amount  of  variable  consideration that should  be  included  in  the  transaction price  utilizing 
either  the  expected  value  method  or  the  most  likely  amount  method  depending  on  the  nature  of  the  variable 
consideration. Any estimates, including the effect of the constraint on variable consideration, are evaluated at each 
reporting period for any changes.

The transaction price for all transactions is based on the price reflected in the individual customer’s purchase 
order. Variable consideration has not been identified as a significant component of the transaction price for any of 
our transactions.

The  Company  has  determined  that  most  contracts  will  be  completed  in  less  than  one  year.    For  those 
transactions where all performance obligations will be satisfied within one year or less, the Company is applying the 
practical  expedient  outlined  in  ASC  606-10-32-18.  This  practical  expedient  allows  the  Company  not  to  adjust 
promised  consideration  for  the  effects  of  a  significant  financing  component  if  the  Company  expects  at  contract 
inception the period between when the Company transfers the promised good or service to a customer and when the 
customer  pays  for  that  good  or  service  will  be  one  year  or  less.  For  those  transactions  that  are  expected  to  be 
completed after one year, the Company has assessed that there are no significant financing components because any 
difference between the promised consideration and the cash selling price of the good or service is for reasons other 
than the provision of financing.

The Company excludes from the transaction price all sales taxes that are assessed by a governmental authority 
and that are imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected from a customer 
(for example, sales, use, value added, and some excise taxes). This employs the practical expedient under ASC 606-
10-32-2A.  Sales  taxes  are  presented  on  a  net  basis  (excluded  from  revenues)  in  the  Company's  consolidated 
statements of operations.

4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single 
performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple distinct performance obligations require an allocation of the 
transaction  price  to  each  distinct  performance  obligation  on  a  relative  standalone  selling  price  basis  unless  the 
transaction price is variable and meets the criteria to be allocated entirely to each distinct performance obligation or 
to a distinct service that forms part of a single performance obligation.

57

Where required, the Company determines the SSP for each performance obligation based on consideration of 

both market and Company specific factors, including the selling price and profit margin for similar products.

For those contracts that contain multiple performance obligations (primarily system sales requiring installation 
services),  the  Company  must  determine  the  SSP.  To  determine  the  SSP  for  labor  related  performance  obligations 
(such as the labor component of installation), the Company uses directly observable inputs based on the standalone 
sale  prices  for  these  services.  The  Company  uses  a  cost-plus  margin  approach  in  determining  the  SSP  for  any 
materials-related performance obligations (e.g., system add-ons, spare parts, and systems).

5) Recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

The Company satisfies performance obligations either over time or at a point in time. Revenue is recognized 
over  time  if  either  1)  the  customer  simultaneously  receives  and  consumes  the  benefits  provided  by  the  entity’s 
performance,  2)  the  entity’s  performance  creates  or  enhances  an  asset  that  the  customer  controls  as  the  asset  is 
created or enhanced, or 3) the entity’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity and 
the  entity  has  an  enforceable  right  to  payment  for  performance  completed  to  date.  If  the  entity  does  not  satisfy  a 
performance obligation over time, the related performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time by transferring 
the control of a promised good or service to a customer. Examples of control are using the asset to produce goods or 
services,  enhance  the  value  of  other  assets,  settle  liabilities,  and  holding  or  selling  the  asset.  For  over  time 
recognition,  ASC  606  requires  the  Company  to  select  a  single  revenue  recognition  method  for  the  performance 
obligation that faithfully depicts the Company’s performance in transferring control of the goods and services. The 
guidance  allows  entities  to  choose  between  two  methods  to  measure  progress  toward  complete  satisfaction  of  a 
performance obligation:

Output methods - recognize revenue on the basis of direct measurements of the value to the customer of the 
goods or services transferred to date relative to the remaining goods or services promised under the contract 
(e.g.,  surveys  of  performance  completed  to  date,  appraisals  of  results  achieved,  milestones  reached,  time 
elapsed, and units of produced or units delivered); and

Input  methods  -  recognize  revenue  on  the  basis  of  the  entity’s  efforts  or  inputs  to  the  satisfaction  of  a 
performance  obligation  (e.g.,  resources  consumed,  labor  hours  expended,  costs  incurred,  or  time  elapsed) 
relative to the total expected inputs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation.

Equipment and related product revenues (e.g., furnace systems, system add-ons, machinery, consumables and 
spare parts) are recognized at a point in time, when they are shipped or delivered, depending on contractual terms.  
For products where the customer’s defined specifications have not been met with at least two similarly configured 
systems  and  processes,  the  revenue  and  directly  related  costs  are  deferred  at  the  time  of  shipment  and  later 
recognized at the time of customer acceptance or when this criterion has been met.

For installation services, revenue is recognized at a point in time, once the installation of the tool is complete. 
The nature of the installation services are such that the customer does not simultaneously receive and consume the 
benefits  provided  by  the  entity’s  performance,  nor  does  performance  of  installation  services  create  or  enhance  an 
asset that the customer controls. Installation services do not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity, and 
the entity does not have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.

Maintenance and service contracts are recognized over time. Progress in the satisfaction of these performance 
obligations will be measured using an input method of either time elapsed in the case of fixed period contracts, or 
labor hours expended, in the case of project-based contracts.

58

Cost to Obtain and Fulfill a Contract with a Customer

The Company recognizes an asset related to incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if the 
Company  expects  to  recover  those  costs.  The  Company  will  recognize  an  asset  from  costs  incurred  to  fulfill  a 
contract only if such costs relate directly to a contract that the entity can specifically identify, the costs generate or 
enhance resources of the Company that will be used in satisfying performance obligations in the future, and the costs 
are expected to be recovered. Any assets recognized related to costs to obtain or fulfill a contract are amortized to 
selling, general and administrative expense on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer 
of the goods or services to which the asset relates.

In substantially all of our business transactions, we incur incremental costs to obtain contracts with customers, 
in the form of sales commissions. We maintain a commission program which rewards our sales representatives for 
system  sales  and  our  employees  for  system  sales  and  other  individual  goals.  Under  ASC  606,  an  asset  shall  be 
amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which 
the  asset  relates.  However,  ASC  606  provides  a  practical  expedient  to  allow  for  the  recognition  of  commission 
expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the entity otherwise would have recognized is one 
year  or  less.  Based  on  the  nature  of  the  Company’s  contracts  with  customers,  we  have  elected  this  practical 
expedient and expense all commissions as incurred based upon the expectation that the amortization period would 
be one year or less.  

The  Company  has  also  elected  to  adopt  the  practical  expedient  related  to  shipping  and  handling  fees  which 
allows  the  Company  to  account  for  shipping  and  handling  activities  that  occur  after  control  of  the  related  good 
transfers as fulfillment activities instead of assessing such activities as performance obligations.

Revenue Categories used by Management

Management reviews disaggregated revenue at the operating segment level. Revenue-generating transactions 
vary  between  our  operating  segments  due  to  several  factors.    For  example,  lead  times  vary  among  our  operating 
segments  and  among  our  products.  Most  of  the  revenue  for  our  SiC/LED  segment  results  from  the  sale  of 
consumables,  rather  than  equipment  sales.    These  consumables  have  a  much  shorter  production  period  than 
equipment  produced  by  our  other  operating  segments.  Due  to  these  variations  between  operating  segments, 
management determined that disaggregated revenue by segment sufficiently depicts how economic factors affect the 
nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows.  See Note 18 for additional information on 
our reportable business segments.

Contract  Assets  –  Contract  assets  consist  of  amounts  the  Company  is  not  legally  able  to  invoice  but  has 
completed  the  related  performance  obligation.  These  amounts  generally  arise  from  variances  between  the 
contractual  payment  terms  and  the  transaction  price  assigned  to  the  open  performance  obligations  (e.g.,  the 
Company has recognized revenue in an amount greater than the amount that is billable under the contract). Contract 
assets are reflected in current assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

Contract Liabilities – Contract liabilities are reflected in current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets 
as  all  performance  obligations  are  expected  to  be  satisfied  within  the  next  12  months.  Contract  liabilities  include 
customer  deposits  and  deferred  profit.    Contract  liabilities  relate  to  payments  invoiced  or  received  in  advance  of 
completion  of  performance  obligations  under  a  contract.  Contract  liabilities  are  recognized  as  revenue  upon  the 
fulfillment  of  performance  obligations.  This  amount  relates  primarily  to  prepayments  for  system  sales  and 
installation services.

Semiconductor system transactions have payment terms that generally require a payment due upon shipment 
of the system and a final payment due upon installation or acceptance. Automation transactions have payment terms 
that generally require a payment due upon shipment of the system, with a final payment due upon acceptance of the 
installation.

59

Warranty  –  A  limited  warranty  is  provided  free  of  charge,  generally  for  periods  of  12  to  24  months  to  all 
purchasers of our new products and systems. Accruals are recorded for estimated warranty costs at the time revenue 
is  recognized,  generally  upon  shipment  or  acceptance,  as  determined  under  the  revenue  recognition  policy  above. 
On occasion, we have been required and may be required in the future to provide additional warranty coverage to 
ensure  that  the  systems  are  ultimately  accepted  or  to  maintain  customer  goodwill.  While  our  warranty  costs  have 
historically  been  within  our  expectations  and  we  believe  that  the  amounts  accrued  for  warranty  expenditures  are 
sufficient for all systems sold through September 30, 2019, we cannot guarantee that we will continue to experience 
a  similar  level  of  predictability  with  regard  to  warranty  costs.  In  addition,  technological  changes  or  previously 
unknown defects in raw materials or components may result in more extensive and frequent warranty service than 
anticipated, which could result in an increase in our warranty expense.

The  following  is  a  summary  of  activity  in  accrued  warranty  expense  at  our  continuing  operations  (in 

thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Beginning balance
Additions for warranties issued during the period
Reductions in the liability for payments made under
   the warranty
Changes related to pre-existing warranties
Currency translation adjustment
Ending balance

  $

  $

644    $
785     

(693)   
(179)   
(1)   
556    $

710    $
966     

(782)   
(250)   
—     
644    $

417 
965 

(429)
(244)
1 
710  

Shipping  Expense  –  Shipping  expenses  at  our  continuing  operations  of  $0.7  million  in  each  of  the  years 

2019, 2018 and 2017 are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Advertising Expense – Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.  Advertising expenses at our continuing 
operations  of  $0.4  million,  $0.5  million  and  $0.3  million  for  2019,  2018  and  2017,  respectively,  are  included  in 
selling, general and administrative expenses.

Stock-Based Compensation – We measure compensation costs relating to share-based payment transactions 
based upon the grant-date fair value of the award. Those costs are recognized as expense over the requisite service 
period, which is generally the vesting period, with forfeitures recognized as they occur.  Prior to 2018, the expense 
recognized included an estimate for expected forfeitures, which was based upon historical experience.

We estimate the fair value of stock option awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing 
model.  The Black-Scholes model requires us to apply highly subjective assumptions, including expected stock price 
volatility,  expected  life  of  the  option  and  the  risk-free  interest  rate.    A  change  in  one  or  more  of  the  assumptions 
used in the model may result in a material change to the estimated fair value of the stock-based compensation.

Research,  Development  and  Engineering  Expenses  –  RD&E  expenses  consist  of  the  cost  of  employees, 
consultants  and  contractors  who  design,  engineer  and  develop  new  products  and  processes  as  well  as  materials, 
supplies and facilities used in producing prototypes.  Payments received for research and development grants prior 
to  the  meeting  of  milestones  are  recorded  as  unearned  research  and  development  grant  liabilities  and  included  in 
other accrued liabilities on the balance sheet.  When certain contract requirements are met, governmental research 
and  development  grants  are  netted  against  research,  development  and  engineering  expenses.    The  following  is  a 
summary of our research, development and engineering expense (in thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Research, development and engineering
Grants earned
Net research, development and engineering

  $

  $

3,112    $
(44)   
3,068    $

2,868    $
(12)   
2,856    $

3,037 
(299)
2,738  

60

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation – We use the U.S. dollar as our reporting currency.  Our 
operations  in  Europe,  China  and  other  countries  are  primarily  conducted  in  their  functional  currencies,  the  Euro, 
Renminbi,  or  the  local  country  currency,  respectively.    Accordingly,  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  subsidiaries  are 
translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are 
translated  at  the  average  exchange  rate  for  each  month  within  the  year.  The  resulting  translation  adjustments  are 
recorded  directly  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (loss),  net  of  tax  -  foreign  currency  translation 
adjustments  as  a  separate  component  of  shareholders’  equity.  Net  foreign  currency  transaction  gains/losses, 
including transaction gains/losses on intercompany balances that are not of a long-term investment nature and non-
functional currency cash balances, are reported as a separate component of non-operating (income) expense in our 
consolidated statements of operations.

Income  Taxes  –  We  file  consolidated  federal  income  tax  returns  in  the  United  States  for  all  subsidiaries 
except  those  in  the  Netherlands,  France,  Hong  Kong  and  China,  where  separate  returns  are  filed.    We  compute 
deferred income tax assets and liabilities based upon cumulative temporary differences between financial reporting 
and  taxable  income,  carryforwards  available  and  enacted  tax  laws.    We  also  accrue  a  liability  for  uncertain  tax 
positions when it is more likely than not that such tax will be incurred.

Deferred tax assets reflect the tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying value of assets and 
liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts  used  for  income  tax  purposes.  Deferred  tax  assets  are 
reduced  by  a  valuation  allowance  when,  in  the  opinion  of  management  and  based  on  the  weight  of  available 
evidence, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Each quarter, 
the valuation allowance is re-evaluated. In 2019, 2018 and 2017, we reversed a portion of the valuation allowance 
related to net operating loss carryforwards which we have determined will be utilized against net operating income 
in the current year. We will continue to monitor our cumulative income and loss positions in the U.S. and foreign 
jurisdictions to determine whether full valuation allowances on net deferred tax assets are appropriate.

Concentrations  of  Credit  Risk  –  Our  customers  consist  of  semiconductor  and  solar  cell  manufacturers 
worldwide,  as  well  as  the  lapping  and  polishing  marketplace.  Financial  instruments  that  potentially  subject  us  to 
significant  concentrations  of  credit  risk  consist  principally  of  cash  and  trade  accounts  receivable.  Credit  risk  is 
managed  by  performing  ongoing  credit  evaluations  of  the  customers’  financial  condition,  by  requiring  significant 
deposits  where  appropriate,  and  by  actively  monitoring  collections.  Letters  of  credit  are  required  of  certain 
customers depending on the size of the order, type of customer or its creditworthiness, and country of domicile.

As of September 30, 2019, one Semiconductor customer individually represented 15% of accounts receivable.  

As of September 30, 2018, one Semiconductor customer individually represented 16% of accounts receivable.

We maintain our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in multiple financial institutions. Balances in the 
United States, which account for approximately 79% and 88% of total cash balances at our continuing operations as 
of  September 30,  2019  and  2018,  respectively,  are  primarily  invested  in  U.S.  Treasuries  or  are  in  financial 
institutions insured by the FDIC. The remainder of our cash is maintained with financial institutions with reputable 
credit in the Netherlands, China, France, the United Kingdom, Singapore and Malaysia.  We maintain cash in bank 
accounts  in  amounts  which  at  times  may  exceed  federally  insured  limits.  We  have  not  experienced  any  losses  on 
such accounts.

Refer  to  Note  20  for  information  regarding  revenue  and  assets  in  other  countries  subject  to  fluctuation  in 

foreign currency exchange rates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments – In accordance with the requirements of the Fair Value Measurements 
and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC, we group our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a 
recurring basis in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of 
the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

Level 1 – Valuation is based upon quoted market price for identical instruments traded in active markets.

Level 2 – Valuation is based on quoted market prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices 
for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for 
which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

Level 3 – Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable 
in the market. Valuation techniques include use of discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.  

61

In  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  Fair  Value  Measurements  and  Disclosures  Topic  of  the  FASB 
ASC,  it  is  our  policy  to  use  observable  inputs  whenever  reasonably  practicable  in  order  to  minimize  the  use  of 
unobservable  inputs  when  developing  fair  value  measurements.  When  available,  we  use  quoted  market  prices  to 
measure  fair  value.  If  market  prices  are  not  available,  the  fair  value  measurement  is  based  on  models  that  use 
primarily  market-based  parameters  including  interest  rate  yield  curves,  option  volatilities  and  currency  rates.  In 
certain  cases,  where  market  rate  assumptions  are  not  available,  we  are  required  to  make  judgments  about 
assumptions  market  participants  would  use  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  a  financial  instrument.  Changes  in  the 
underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect 
the results of current or future values.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash – Included in Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash in 
the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  are  money  market  funds  invested  in  treasury  bills,  notes  and  other  direct 
obligations  of  the  U.S.  Treasury  and  foreign  bank  operating  and  time  deposit  accounts.  The  fair  value  of  these 
accounts are based on Level 1 inputs in the fair value hierarchy.

Receivables  and  Payables  –  The  recorded  amounts  of  these  financial  instruments,  including  accounts 
receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair value because of the short maturities of these instruments. If 
measured at fair value in the financial statements, these financial instruments would be classified as Level 2 in the 
fair value hierarchy.

Debt – The recorded amounts of these financial instruments, including long-term debt and current maturities 

of long-term debt, approximate fair value and are considered Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 4 for information on our adoption of ASC 606, which amends the existing accounting standards for 

revenue recognition. The adoption of ASC 606 did not have a material effect on our results of operations.

In  November  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-18,  “Statement  of  Cash  Flows:  Restricted  Cash.”  The 
amendments  address  diversity  in  practice  that  exists  in  the  classification  and  presentation  of  changes  in  restricted 
cash  and  require  that  a  statement  of  cash  flows  explain  the  change  during  the  period  in  the  total  of  cash,  cash 
equivalents  and  amounts  generally  described  as  restricted  cash  or  restricted  cash  equivalents.  We  adopted  this 
standard retrospectively effective October 1, 2018, and, accordingly, to conform to the current period presentation, 
we reclassified our restricted cash to be included in the total of cash and cash equivalents presented at the bottom of 
our consolidated statements of cash flows for both the beginning and ending periods for fiscal years 2018 and 2017.  
As a result, the amount of the change in our net cash provided by operating activities no longer separately shows the 
change in restricted cash for either period.

The  following  table  summarizes  the  effects  related  to  the  adoption  of  ASU  2016-18  for  the  years  ended 

September 30, 2018 and 2017:

September 30, 2018

September 30, 2017

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash
   Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents
   and Restricted Cash
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash,
   Beginning of Period
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, End of
   Period

  As reported     As adjusted     As reported     As adjusted  
34,051 
  $

6,790    $ (13,768)  $

11,789    $

  $

(1,455)  $

(1,372)  $

192    $

1,677 

  $

7,210    $ (13,265)  $

23,466    $

47,213 

  $

51,121    $

75,761    $

27,655    $

28,548 

  $

58,331    $

62,496    $

51,121    $

75,761  

62

 
 
   
 
 
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases,” which requires companies to generally recognize 
on the balance sheet operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use-assets (“ROU assets”). 
ASU 2016-02 also requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the amount, 
timing  and  uncertainty  of  cash  flows  arising  from  leases.  This  ASU  is  effective  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after 
December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted.  We will adopt the standard as of October 1, 2019, the start of 
our  fiscal  2020,  and  plan  to  utilize  the  retrospective  cumulative  effect  adjustment  transition  method  with  a 
cumulative effect adjustment being recorded as of the adoption date.  We expect to elect certain available practical 
expedients  including  the  package  of  practical  expedients  permitted  under  the  transition  guidance  within  the  new 
standard, which among other things, will allow us to carry forward the historical lease classification.  Additionally, 
we will make an accounting policy election to not record ROU assets and lease liabilities for leases with a term of 
twelve months or less on our consolidated balance sheet.  

We are in the process of finalizing the scope of arrangements that will be subject to this standard as well as 
assessing  the  impact  to  our  systems,  processes,  and  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting.    While  we  are  still 
evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2016-02, we anticipate this standard will not have a material impact on our 
other  assets  and  other  liabilities  balances  until  the  effective  date  of  our  new  lease  at  our  SiC/LED  segment.    The 
primary impact will be to record ROU assets and lease liabilities for existing operating leases on our consolidated 
balance sheets.  Currently, we estimate adoption of the standard will result in recognition of additional ROU assets 
and lease liabilities of approximately $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, as of October 1, 2019.  However, 
within the first quarter of fiscal 2020, we will record an additional $5.0 million of ROU assets and lease liabilities 
due to the commencement of our new SiC/LED building lease.

We do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated statements of operations or our 
consolidated statements of cash flows.  We do not believe the standard will have a notable impact on our liquidity.  
The standard will have no impact on our debt-covenant compliance under our current agreements.  Our analysis and 
evaluation  of  the  new  standard  will  continue  through  its  effective  date  in  the  first  quarter  of  2020,  including 
continuing to monitor any potential changes in the standard proposed by the FASB.

2.  Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations

In  April  2019,  we  announced  that  the  Board  determined  that  it  was  in  the  long-term  best  interest  of  the 
Company  to  exit  the  solar  business  segment  and  focus  our  strategic  efforts  on  our  semiconductor  and  silicon 
carbide/polishing  business  segments  in  order  to  more  fully  realize  the  opportunities  the  Company  believes  are 
presented in those areas.

The  Board  made  its  decision,  effective  March  28,  2019,  after  analyzing  current  market  conditions  and  the 
strategic  outlook  for  its  Solar  segment,  which  operates  in  a  highly  competitive  market  among  lower  cost 
manufacturers,  particularly  in  China.  Historical  fluctuations  in  the  solar  cell  industry  combined  with  downward 
pricing  pressure  has  negatively  affected  the  Company’s  results  of  operations  in  recent  years.  In  response,  we  had 
been pursuing strategic alternatives for the continued operations of the Solar segment, including the possibility of 
restructuring  the  Solar  segment  to  achieve  profitability  and  compete  more  effectively.  After  further  assessment, 
however (including input from management of the Solar segment and our external advisors), the Board determined 
that the investment required to return our solar business to profitability would be better utilized to pursue strategic 
opportunities in the Semiconductor and SiC/LED segments.

The  anticipated  divestiture  of  our  solar  business  included  our  Tempress  and  SoLayTec  subsidiaries,  which 
comprised substantially all of our Solar segment. We adopted a plan to sell our Solar operations on or before March 
31, 2020.  As such, we classified substantially all of the Solar segment as held for sale in our Consolidated Balance 
Sheets and reported its results as discontinued operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.  We expect 
to  incur  one-time  costs  to  sell  Tempress  of  approximately  $750,000,  which  includes  $500,000  in  broker  fees  and 
$250,000 in legal fees, although the final amount could be greater if certain timing and/or price targets are met.

63

On June 7, 2019 (“Sale Date”), we completed the sale of our subsidiary, SoLayTec, to a third party located in 
the Netherlands.  Upon the Sale Date, we recognized a gain of approximately $1.6 million, which we included in 
loss  from  discontinued  operations  reported  in  our  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  for  the  year  ended 
September 30, 2019.  Also, effective on the Sale Date, SoLayTec is no longer included in our consolidated financial 
statements.  SoLayTec is not material to Amtech’s results of operations or financial position.

Operating results of our discontinued solar operations were as follows, in thousands:

Revenues, net of returns and allowances
Cost of sales

  $

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Restructuring charges
Impairment charges

Operating (loss) income

Gain on sale of subsidiary
Interest expense and other, net

Years Ended September 30,
2018
76,395    $
58,156     
18,239     
11,792     
4,944     
897     
4,759     
(4,153)   
—     
(249)   

2019
25,139    $
23,669     
1,470     
8,857     
3,039     
567     
—     
(10,993)   
1,614     
(121)   

2017
81,443 
60,617 
20,826 
10,408 
3,634 
— 
— 
6,784 
— 
(557)

(Loss) income from discontinued operations
   before income taxes
Income tax (benefit) provision
Net (loss) income
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
Net (loss) income attributable to discontinued
   operations

(9,500)   
(1,203)   
(8,297)   
—     

(4,402)   
(3,076)   
(1,326)   
—     

6,227 
335 
5,892 
1,045 

  $

(8,297)  $

(1,326)  $

6,937  

The  following  table  presents  a  summary  of  the  solar  assets  and  liabilities  held  for  sale  included  in  our 

Consolidated Balance Sheets, in thousands:

September 30,
2019

September 30,
2018

Assets
Total current assets
Property, plant and equipment - net
Total assets included in the disposal group
Total current liabilities
Long-term debt

 $

Total liabilities included in the disposal group   
 $

Net assets included in the disposal group

17,591  $
5,164   
22,755   
18,272   
275   
18,547   
4,208  $

39,379 
5,943 
45,322 
29,380 
2,418 
31,798 
13,524  

64

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
  
 
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
Amtech’s Consolidated Statement of Cash flows combines cash flows from discontinued operations with cash 
flows  from  continuing  operations  within  each  cash  flow  statement  category.    The  following  table  summarizes 
selected cash flow information for discontinued operations, in thousands:

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of
   tax
Non-cash impairment charges
Depreciation and amortization
Provision for (reversal of) allowance for doubtful
   accounts, net
Gain on sale of subsidiary
Purchases of property, plant and equipment

  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

(8,297)  $
—    $
562    $

(1,326)  $
4,759    $
801    $

874    $
1,614    $
131    $

(56)  $
—    $
1,403    $

6,937 
— 
1,120 

(837)
— 
838  

3.  Earnings Per Share & Diluted Earnings Per Share

Basic  EPS  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income  (loss)  available  to  common  shareholders  by  the  weighted 
average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  for  the  period.  Diluted  EPS  is  computed  similarly  to  basic  EPS 
except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been 
outstanding if potentially dilutive common shares had been issued, and the numerator is based on net income. In the 
case of a net loss, diluted EPS is calculated in the same manner as basic EPS.

For  the  years  2019,  2018  and  2017,  options  for  978,000,  434,000  and  1,364,000  weighted  average  shares, 
respectively, were excluded from the diluted EPS calculations because they were anti-dilutive.  These shares could 
become dilutive in the future.

A reconciliation of the denominators of the basic and diluted EPS calculations follows (in thousands, except 

per share amounts):

Numerator:

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Net income from continuing operations
Net (loss) income from discontinued operations
Net loss from non-controlling interest -
   discontinued operations
Net (loss) income

  $
  $

  $
  $

3,135    $
(8,297)  $

6,631    $
(1,326)  $

—    $
(5,162)  $

—    $
5,305    $

2,194 
5,892 

1,045 
9,131 

Denominator:

Weighted-average shares used to compute basic
   EPS
Common stock equivalents (1)
Weighted-average shares used to compute diluted
   EPS

  $

Basic income per share from continuing operations
Basic (loss) income per share from discontinued
  $
   operations
Net (loss) income per basic share
  $
Diluted income per share from continuing operations   $
Diluted (loss) income per share from discontinued
   operations
Net (loss) income per diluted share

  $
  $

14,240     
35     

14,833     
232     

13,378 
123 

14,275     
0.22    $

15,065     
0.45    $

13,501 
0.16 

(0.58)  $
(0.36)  $
0.22    $

(0.09)  $
0.36    $
0.44    $

(0.58)  $
(0.36)  $

(0.09)  $
0.35    $

0.52 
0.68 
0.16 

0.52 
0.68  

(1)

The number of common stock equivalents is calculated using the treasury stock method and the average market price during the period.

65

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
4. Contracts with Customers

We adopted ASC 606 with a date of initial application of October 1, 2018.  See Note 1 for additional detail on 

our revenue recognition policies.

The components of contract assets are as follows, in thousands:

Unbilled accounts receivable

Contract assets

September 30,
2019

  $
  $

36 
36  

The components of contract liabilities are as follows, in thousands:

Customer deposits

Contract liabilities

5.  Operating Leases

September 30,
2019

September 30,
2018

 $
 $

1,378  $
1,378  $

1,519 
1,519  

We  have  non-cancelable  leases  with  third  parties,  primarily  for  administrative  and  manufacturing  space, 
vehicles and equipment. Our facilities leases generally provide for periodic rent increases and many contain renewal 
options.    We  recognize  rent  expense  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  lease  term.    Rental  expense  under  such 
operating  leases  at  our  continuing  operations  was  $0.5  million,  $0.6  million,  and  $0.8  million  in  2019,  2018  and 
2017,  respectively,  and  is  included  in  either  selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses  or  cost  of  goods  sold, 
depending on the nature of the item under lease.

As of September 30, 2019, future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable operating leases with 

initial or remaining terms of one year or more at our continuing operations are as follows, in thousands:

Years Ending September 30,
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
Total

Minimum
Lease
Payments

  $

  $

522 
322 
288 
282 
279 
7,187 
8,880  

6.  Restructuring Plans

The Company and its former Chief Executive Officer and President, Fokko Pentinga, agreed on a transition of 
leadership, pursuant to which Mr. Pentinga stepped down as the Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of 
the Company effective December 6, 2018 (the “Effective Date”). In connection with his departure, Mr. Pentinga and 
the  Company  entered  into  a  Separation  Agreement  and  General  Release  of  all  Claims,  dated  November  28,  2018 
(the “Separation Agreement”). Pursuant to the Separation Agreement, Mr. Pentinga received the following benefits:

•

•

a severance payment of $864,000 in gross, less all customary and appropriate income and employment 
taxes;

a payment of $458,500 for all other amounts due him;

66

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
•

•

all  of  his  time-based  stock  options  (the  “Options”) became  fully  vested  and  immediately  exercisable. 
Mr. Pentinga has the right to exercise Options with an exercise price of $7.01 or less until December 31, 
2019. The remaining Options were exercisable during the 90-day period following the Effective Date, 
which resulted in an additional $108,000 in stock-based compensation expense; and

certain other benefits as set forth in the Separation Agreement.

The  table  below  details  the  restructuring  activity  at  our  continuing  operations  for  the  year  ended 
September 30,  2019.    This  activity  is  primarily  related  to  the  departure  of  our  former  CEO  as  well  as  additional 
headcount  reductions  as  we  consolidated  satellite  offices  in  our  Semiconductor  segment.    The  outstanding 
obligations as of September 30, 2019, are as follows, in thousands:

Balance at September 30, 2018
Severance expense, net of adjustments
Cash payments
Balance at September 30, 2019

Year Ended
September 30,  
— 
 $
1,110 
(1,070)
40  

 $

7.  Inventory

The components of inventory are as follows (in thousands):

Purchased parts and raw materials
Work-in-process
Finished goods

Excess and obsolete reserves

September 30,
2019

September 30,
2018

 $

 $

15,192   $
4,215    
3,183    
22,590    
(5,058)  
17,532   $

15,907 
4,159 
3,072 
23,138 
(5,303)
17,835  

8. Property, Plant and Equipment

The following is a summary of property, plant and equipment (in thousands):

Land
Buildings
Building and leasehold improvements
Equipment and machinery
Furniture and fixtures

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

September 30,
2019

September 30,
2018

 $

 $

3,240   $
5,396    
2,930    
5,488    
1,312    
18,366    
(8,149)  
10,217   $

3,240 
5,396 
2,902 
5,383 
1,317 
18,238 
(7,729)
10,509  

Depreciation and capital lease amortization expense was $0.9 million, $1.1 million and $0.8 million in 2019, 

2018 and 2017, respectively.

67

 
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
   
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
9.  Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

Useful
Life

Gross
Carrying
Amount

September 30,
2019

Accumulated
Amortization    

Net
Carrying
Amount

Gross
Carrying
Amount

September 30,
2018

Accumulated
Amortization    

Net
Carrying
Amount

Customer lists   6-10 years
Trade names

  $
  10-15 Years    
  $

1,219    $
869     
2,088    $

(948)   $
(270)    
(1,218)   $

271    $
599     
870    $

1,219    $
869     
2,088    $

(745)   $
(213)    
(958)   $

474 
656 
1,130  

In 2018, we conducted our periodic assessment of long-lived assets and identified the need for an intangible 
asset  impairment  charge  in  our  Solar  segment  of  $1.3  million  due  primarily  to  the  decline  in  our  expected 
performance of that segment.  All remaining intangible assets are included in our Semiconductor segment.  During 
2019, we periodically assessed whether any indicators of impairment existed related to our intangible assets.  As of 
each  interim  period  end  during  the  year,  we  concluded  that  a  triggering  event  had  not  occurred  that  would  more 
likely than not reduce the fair value of intangible assets below their carrying value.

Amortization expense related to intangible assets at our continuing operations was $0.3 million, $(20,000) and 
$0.6  million  in  2019,  2018  and  2017,  respectively.    The  credit  in  2018  was  due  to  a  one-time  correction  of 
previously recorded amortization expense.  Future amortization expense for the remaining unamortized balance as of 
September 30, 2019, is estimated as follows:

Years Ending September 30,
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
Total

Amortization
Expense

  $

  $

261 
126 
58 
58 
58 
309 
870  

10.  Goodwill

The  changes  in  the  carrying  amount  of  goodwill  for  the  year  ended  September 30,  2019  are  as  follows  (in 

thousands):

Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Balance at September 30, 2018
Impairment of goodwill
Net exchange differences
Balance at September 30, 2019

Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Balance at September 30, 2019

 Semiconductor   SiC/LED   Automation    
 $

5,905  $
—   
5,905   
—   
—   
5,905  $
5,905  $
—   
5,905  $

728  $
—   
728   
—   
—   
728  $
728  $
—   
728  $

 $
 $

 $

Net
Goodwill -
Continuing
Operations    
3,595   $ 10,228   $
(3,595)  
(3,595)  
6,633    
—    
—    
—    
—    
—    
6,633   $
—   $
3,595   $ 10,228   $
(3,595)  
(3,595)  
6,633   $
—   $

Discontinued
Operations    

Net
Goodwill  
3,367   $ 13,595 
(3,367)   (6,962)
—     6,633 
— 
—    
— 
—    
—   $ 6,633 
3,367   $ 13,595 
(3,367)   (6,962)
—   $ 6,633  

68

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
During 2019, we periodically assessed whether any indicators of impairment existed which would require us 
to  perform  an  interim  impairment  review.    As  of  each  interim  period  end  during  the  year,  we  concluded  that  a 
triggering event had not occurred that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our reporting units below 
their carrying values.  We performed our annual test of goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter of 2019.  
The  results  of  the  first  step  of  the  goodwill  impairment  test  indicated  that  the  fair  value  of  our  Semiconductor 
reporting unit was in excess of its carrying value, and, thus, we did not require an impairment charge.  While the 
quantitative analysis indicated no impairment of Semiconductor segment goodwill existed as of September 30, 2019, 
if the future performance of this reporting unit falls short of our expectations or if there are significant changes in 
operations due to changes in market conditions, we could be required to recognize material impairment charges in 
future  periods.    We  performed  a  qualitative  analysis  of  our  SiC/LED  segment,  which  indicted  no  impairment  of 
SiC/LED segment goodwill existed as of September 30, 2019.

In 2018, we identified the need for a goodwill impairment charge in our former Solar segment of $5.7 million, 
due primarily to the decline in our expected performance of that segment.  In 2019, we realigned our segments (see 
Note 18).

11. Income Taxes

The  following  note  related  to  income  taxes  includes  both  continuing  and  discontinued  operations.  The 

components of income (loss) before provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Domestic
Foreign

  $

  $

916    $
(4,648)   
(3,732)  $

7,845    $
(2,320)   
 $
5,525 

1,900 
7,930 
9,830  

The components of the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Current:

Domestic federal
Foreign
Foreign withholding taxes
Domestic state

Total current
Deferred:

Domestic federal

Total deferred
Total provision

  $

  $

—   $
1,278    
94    
58    
1,430    

—    
—    
1,430   $

1,167    $
(1,404)   
356     
101     
220     

—     
—     
220    $

54 
1,330 
240 
120 
1,744 

— 
— 
1,744  

On June 7, 2019, we completed the sale of SoLayTec to a third party located in the Netherlands. Due to the 
tax treatment relating to the sale, we realized an income tax benefit of $1.3 million in our discontinued operations 
for the year ended September 30, 2019.

The TCJA was enacted on December 22, 2017, and permanently reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate 
from 35% to 21%, eliminated corporate Alternative Minimum Tax, modified rules for expensing capital investment, 
and  limits  the  deduction  of  interest  expense  for  certain  companies.  The  TCJA  is  a  fundamental  change  to  the 
taxation  of  multinational  companies,  including  a  shift  from  a  system  of  worldwide  taxation  with  some  deferral 
elements  to  a  territorial  system,  current  taxation  of  certain  foreign  income,  a  minimum  tax  on  low-tax  foreign 
earnings, and new measures to curtail base erosion and promote U.S. production.

As a result of the TCJA, the statutory rate applicable to our fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 was 24.3%, 
based on a fiscal year blended rate calculation. ASC 740 requires filers to record the effect of tax law changes in the 

69

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
     
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
     
      
  
   
   
period  enacted.  In  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2018,  we  re-measured  the  applicable  deferred  tax  assets  based  on  the 
rates at which they are expected to reverse. We adjusted our gross deferred tax assets and liabilities and recorded a 
corresponding offset to our full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets, which resulted in minimal 
net effect to our provision for income taxes and effective tax rate.

The TCJA includes a one-time mandatory repatriation transition tax on certain net accumulated earnings and 
profits  of  our  foreign  subsidiaries.  We  have  analyzed  the  earnings  and  profits  of  our  foreign  subsidiaries  and 
determined that no transition taxes are due or expected.  The other provisions of TCJA are either immaterial or not 
applicable for the year ended September 30, 2018.

A reconciliation of actual income taxes to income taxes at the expected United States federal corporate income 

tax rate is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Federal statutory rate
Tax (benefit) expense at the federal statutory rate
Effect of permanent book-tax differences
State tax provision
Valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets
Uncertain tax items
Tax rate differential
Other items

21.0%  
(784)  $
272 
31 
1,682 
74 
150 
5 
1,430 

 $

24.3%  
1,342 
 $
75 
76 
617 
(3,013)   
1,107 
16 
220 

 $

34.0%
3,340 
340 
100 
(1,610)
350 
(776)
— 
1,744  

 $

 $

Deferred income taxes reflect the tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying value of assets and 
liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  amounts  used  for  income  tax  purposes.    The  components  of 
deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

September 30,
2019

September 30,
2018

 $

Deferred tax assets (liabilities):
Capitalized inventory costs
Inventory write-downs
Accrued warranty
Deferred profits
Accruals and reserves not currently deductible
Stock option expense
Federal net operating loss carryforwards
Foreign and state net operating losses
Book vs. tax depreciation and amortization
Other deferred tax assets

Total deferred tax assets
Valuation allowance

Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance

 $

168   $
2,856    
161    
346    
3,531    
849    
6,979    
10,481    
(1,546)  
75    
23,900    
(23,900)  
—   $

193 
1,333 
204 
1,006 
5,017 
738 
2,922 
13,860 
(1,667)
163 
23,769 
(23,769)
—  

Changes in the deferred tax valuation allowance are as follows (in thousands):

Balance at the beginning of the year
Additions to valuation allowance
Balance at the end of the year

  Years Ended September 30,  

2019
23,769   $
131    
23,900   $

2018
22,930 
839 
23,769  

  $

  $

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
 
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
 
   
The  deferred  tax  valuation  allowance  increased  by  $0.1  million  and  $0.8  million  for  the  years  ended 
September 30,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.    In  assessing  the  realizability  of  deferred  tax  assets,  we  consider 
whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate 
realization  of  deferred  tax  assets  is  dependent  upon  the  generation  of  future  taxable  income  during  the  periods  in 
which those temporary differences become deductible. We consider the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, 
projected  future  income  and  tax  planning  strategies  in  making  this  assessment. We  have  established  valuation 
allowances on substantially all net deferred tax assets, after considering all of the available objective evidence, both 
positive and negative, historical and prospective, with greater weight given to historical evidence, and determined it 
is not more likely than not that these assets will be realized.  In 2017, 2018 and 2019, we reversed a portion of the 
valuation allowance related to net operating loss carryforwards which we have determined will be utilized against 
net operating income in the current year.  Additionally, as of September 30, 2017, the deferred tax assets related to 
acquired foreign tax credits and the related valuation allowance were reduced due to our inability to use them prior 
to  expiration.    We  will  continue  to  monitor  our  cumulative  income  and  loss  positions  in  the  U.S.  and  foreign 
jurisdictions to determine whether full valuation allowances on net deferred tax assets are appropriate.

As of September 30, 2019, we have federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $13.8 million 
that expire at various times between 2028 and 2035. The utilization of those federal net operating losses are limited 
to  approximately  $0.8  million  per  year.  Additionally,  we  have  federal  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  of 
approximately  $19.5  million  that  have  an  indefinite  carryforward  period.  The  utilization  of  those  federal  net 
operating  losses  are  limited  to  80%  of  taxable  income.  We  have  foreign  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  of 
approximately $38.4 million which expire at various times through 2025. We have approximately $12.6 million of 
state net operating loss carryforwards.

We apply the accounting guidance for uncertainty in income taxes using the provisions of ASC 740. In this 
regard,  an  uncertain  tax  position  represents  our  expected  treatment  of  a  tax  position  taken  in  a  filed  tax  return  or 
planned to be taken in a future tax return, that has not been reflected in measuring income tax expense for financial 
reporting  purposes.  Approximately  $0.6  million  of  this  total  represents  the  amount  that,  if  recognized,  would 
favorably affect our effective income tax rate in future periods.

A  reconciliation  of  the  beginning  and  ending  amount  of  our  unrecognized  tax  benefits  is  summarized  as 

follows (in thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Balance at beginning of the year

  $

1,198   $

4,210 

 $

3,860 

Additions related to tax positions taken in prior
   years
Reductions due to resolution of uncertain tax
   position

Balance at the end of the year

74    

155     

350 

—    
1,272   $

(3,167)   
 $
1,198 

— 
4,210  

  $

We have classified all of our liabilities for uncertain tax positions as income taxes payable long-term.  Income 
taxes long-term also includes other items, primarily withholding taxes that are not due until the related intercompany 
service fees are paid.

We  report  accrued  interest  and  penalties  related  to  unrecognized  tax  benefits  in  income  tax  expense.    We 
recognized  a  net  expense  (benefit)  for  interest  and  penalties  of  $0.1  million,  $(2.0)  million  and  $0.4  million  for 
2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Income taxes payable long-term on the Consolidated Balance Sheets includes a 
cumulative accrual for potential interest and penalties of $0.8 million and $0.7 million as of September 30, 2019 and 
2018, respectively.

We do not expect that the amount of our tax reserves for uncertain tax positions will materially change in the 

next 12 months other than the continued accrual of interest and penalties.

71

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
Amtech  and  one  or  more  of  our  subsidiaries  file  income  tax  returns  in  the  Netherlands,  Germany,  France, 
China  and  other  foreign  jurisdictions,  as  well  as  the  U.S.  and  various  states  in  the  U.S.    We  have  not  signed  any 
agreements with the Internal Revenue Service, any state or foreign jurisdiction to extend the statute of limitations for 
any  fiscal  year.    As  such,  the  number  of  open  years  is  the  number  of  years  dictated  by  statute  in  each  of  the 
respective taxing jurisdictions, but generally is from 3 to 5 years.

These  open  years  contain  certain  matters  that  could  be  subject  to  differing  interpretations  of  applicable  tax 
laws and regulations as they relate to the amount, timing, or inclusion of revenues and expenses, or the sustainability 
of income tax positions of Amtech and our subsidiaries.

12.  Long-Term Debt

Continuing Operations

We  have  a  mortgage  note  secured  by  BTU’s  real  property  in  Billerica,  Massachusetts.    The  note  has  a 
remaining balance of $5.5 million as of September 30, 2019 and a maturity date of September 26, 2023. The debt 
was  refinanced  in  September  2016  with  an  interest  rate  of  4.11%  through  September  26,  2021,  at  which  time  the 
interest rate will be adjusted to a per annum fixed rate equal to the aggregate of the Federal Home Loan Board Five 
Year Classic Advance Rate plus two hundred forty basis points.

From time to time, we enter into capital leases for certain manufacturing or IT equipment.  Our obligations 
under  capitalized  leases  are  included  in  long-term  debt  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  as  of 
September 30, 2019 and 2018.  The current and long-term portion of the obligations are included in the table below.

Annual  maturities  relating  to  our  long-term  debt  at  continuing  operations  as  of  September 30,  2019  are  as 

follows (in thousands):

2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Thereafter
Total

Annual
Maturities

  $

  $

371 
380 
396 
413 
430 
3,559 
5,549  

Discontinued Operations

In 2017, Tempress borrowed approximately $0.4 million as part of the construction of a large, bi-facial solar 
PV  park  at  its  headquarters  in  the  Netherlands.    The  debt  is  secured  by  Tempress’  real  property  in  Vaassen,  the 
Netherlands, and carries an interest rate equal to the 10-year interest rate swap rate plus a 2.4% premium, reduced by 
a 1% discount, which at September 30, 2019 was 2.23%.  The debt has a 15-year term.  As of September 30, 2019, 
Tempress’ remaining debt balance is $0.3 million.

13.  Equity and Stock-Based Compensation

2017 Equity Offering

On  August  18,  2017,  we  entered  into  an  Underwriting  Agreement  with  Roth  Capital  Partners,  LLC,  as 
underwriter (the “Underwriter”), relating to a firm commitment underwritten offering (the “Offering”) of 1,055,000 
shares of our common stock at a price of $9.50 per share, and granted the Underwriter an option to purchase up to 
158,250 additional shares (the “Over-Allotment Option”) of our common stock to cover over-allotments, if any. On 
August  23,  2017,  we  and  the  Underwriter  closed  the  Offering  and  the  Underwriter  exercised  its  Over-Allotment 
Option at the closing. As a result, we issued a total of 1,213,250 shares of our common stock at a price of $9.50 per 
share. We received net proceeds of approximately $10.6 million from the Offering. We plan to use the net proceeds 
of  the  Offering  for  general  corporate  purposes,  which  may  include  working  capital,  capital  expenditures  and 
potential acquisitions.

72

 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
2018 Stock Repurchase Plan

On March 28, 2018, we announced that our Board approved a stock repurchase program, pursuant to which 
we  may  repurchase  up  to  $4  million  of  our  outstanding  common  stock,  par  value  $0.01,  over  a  one-year  period, 
commencing on April 2, 2018.  During the year ended September 30, 2018, we completed our repurchase program 
and  repurchased  771,149  shares  of  our  common  stock  on  the  open  market  at  a  total  cost  of  approximately  $4.0 
million (an average price of $5.19 per share).  All shares repurchased during the year ended September 30, 2018, 
have been retired.

2019 Stock Repurchase Plan

On  November  29,  2018,  we  announced  that  our  Board  of  Directors  approved  a  stock  repurchase  program, 
pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $4 million of our outstanding common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 
over  a  one-year  period.  Repurchases  under  the  program  will  be  made  in  open  market  transactions  at  prevailing 
market prices, in privately negotiated transactions, or by other means in compliance with the rules and regulations of 
the SEC; however, we have no obligation to repurchase shares and the timing, actual number, and value of shares to 
be  repurchased  is  subject  to  management’s  discretion  and  will  depend  on  the  Company’s  stock  price  and  other 
market conditions. Our Board may terminate the repurchase program at any time while it is in effect. We intend to 
retire  any  repurchased  shares.  As  of  September 30,  2019,  there  have  been  no  shares  repurchased  under  this 
repurchase plan.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expenses of $0.6 million, $0.9 million and $1.3 million for 2019, 2018 and 2017, 
respectively,  are  included  in  selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses.  As  of  September 30,  2019,  total 
compensation cost related to non-vested stock options not yet recognized is $0.4 million, which is expected to be 
recognized over the next 1.64 years on a weighted-average basis.

Amtech Equity Compensation Plans

The  2007  Employee  Stock  Incentive  Plan  (the  “2007  Plan”),  under  which  500,000  shares  could  be  granted, 
was  adopted  by  our  Board  of  Directors  in  April  2007,  and  approved  by  the  shareholders  in  May  2007.  The  2007 
Plan was amended in 2009, 2014 and 2015 to add 2,500,000 shares.  The plan was also amended in 2019 to extend 
the term of the plan and allow for the grant of restricted stock units.

The Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan was approved by the shareholders in 1996 for issuance of up 
to 100,000 shares of common stock to directors. The Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan was amended in 
2005, 2009 and 2014 to add 400,000 shares.

Equity compensation plans as of September 30, 2019 are summarized in the table below:

Name of Plan

2007 Employee Stock Incentive Plan
Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan

Shares
Available 
for Grant    

Shares

Authorized    

Plan
Expiration
    3,000,000      856,453      879,314    Mar. 2024
99,600      189,351    Mar. 2020
    500,000     

Outstanding    

Options

       956,053      1,068,665   

73

 
 
   
 
Stock Options

Stock options issued under the terms of the plans have, or will have, an exercise price equal to or greater than 
the fair market value of the common stock at the date of the option grant and expire no later than 10 years from the 
date  of  grant.  Options  issued  under  the  plans  vest  over  6  months  to  4  years.  We  estimate  the  fair  value  of  stock 
option awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions:

Risk free interest rate
Expected life
Dividend rate
Volatility

Years Ended September 30,
2018
3%    

2019
3%    

2017
2%  

6 years

6 years

6 years

0%    
60%    

0%    
59%    

0%  
63%  

Stock option transactions and the options outstanding are summarized as follows:

2019

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

Outstanding at beginning of period
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited/expired
Outstanding at end of period
Exercisable at end of period
Weighted average grant-date fair value of
   options granted during the period

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

  Options
   1,248,758   $
198,850    
(52,201)  
(326,742)  
   1,068,665   $
842,083   $

   Options
7.69    1,560,441   $
44,000    
5.35   
(277,154)  
4.02   
9.00   
(78,529)  
7.04    1,248,758   $
7.45    1,014,300   $

   Options
7.95    1,841,567   $
145,000    
7.40   
(317,986)  
6.71   
16.12   
(108,140)  
7.69    1,560,441   $
7.93    1,055,865   $

8.15 
5.23 
6.30 
12.71 
7.95 
8.58 

 $

3.08      

  $

4.20    

   $

3.04      

The  following  table  summarizes  information  for  stock  options  outstanding  and  exercisable  as  of 

September 30, 2019:

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

Remaining
Contractual
Life

Number

(in years)    

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share

Number
Exercisable    

6.22    $
6.94     
4.12     
6.29     
9.16     
3.50     
2.72     
4.09     
2.59     
3.44     
4.87    $

91,430    $
3.95     
5.02     
45,750     
5.25      147,424     
6,000     
5.40     
—     
5.52     
5.96     
68,469     
7.01      133,250     
7.75      130,644     
18,428     
9.33     
11.79      200,688     
7.04      842,083    $

3.73 
5.00 
5.25 
5.40 
— 
5.96 
7.01 
7.79 
9.33 
11.79 
7.45  

Range of Exercise Prices

2.95-4.85
4.87-5.07
5.25-5.25
5.40-5.40
5.52-5.52
5.75-6.15
7.01-7.01
7.15-7.98
8.20-9.94
9.98-22.26

Outstanding    
    116,430     
60,750     
    168,674     
6,000     
    152,000     
68,469     
    133,250     
    143,976     
18,428     
    200,688     
    1,068,665     

74

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
The aggregate intrinsic values of options outstanding and options exercisable as of September 30, 2019 were 
$182,000 and $164,000, respectively, which represents the total pretax intrinsic value, based on our closing stock 
price of $5.30 per share as of September 30, 2019, the last business day of our fiscal year, which would have been 
received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date. The total intrinsic value 
of stock options exercised during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $0.1 million, $1.2 
million and $1.1 million, respectively.

14.  Benefit Plans

We  have  retirement  plans  covering  substantially  all  employees.  The  principal  plans  are  the  multi-employer 
defined benefit pension plans of our operations in the Netherlands and France, the multi-employer plan for hourly 
union employees in Pennsylvania and our defined contribution plan that covers substantially all of our employees in 
the United States.  The multi-employer plans in the United States and France as well as the defined contribution plan 
are insignificant.

Pensions  –  Our  employees  in  the  Netherlands,  75  at  September 30,  2019,  participate  in  a  multi-employer 
pension plan Pensioenfonds Metaal en Techniek (“PMT”), determined in accordance with the collective bargaining 
agreements effective for the industry in the Netherlands. The collective bargaining agreement has no expiration date. 
This multi-employer pension plan covers approximately 34,000 companies and 1.4 million participants. Amtech’s 
contribution  to  the  multi-employer  pension  plan  is  less  than  5.0%  of  the  total  contributions  to  the  plan.  The  plan 
monitors  its  risks  on  a  global  basis,  not  by  company  or  employee,  and  is  subject  to  regulation  by  Dutch 
governmental  authorities.  By  law  (the  Dutch  Pension  Act),  a  multi-employer  pension  plan  must  be  monitored 
against specific criteria, including the coverage ratio of the plan assets to its obligations. This coverage ratio must 
exceed 104.3% for the total plan. Every company participating in a Dutch multi-employer union plan contributes a 
premium  calculated  as  a  percentage  of  its  total  pensionable  salaries,  with  each  company  subject  to  the  same 
percentage contribution rate. The premium can fluctuate yearly based on the coverage ratio of the multi-employer 
union plan. The pension rights of each employee are based upon the employee’s average salary during employment, 
the years of service, and the participant’s age at the time of retirement.

Our  net  periodic  pension  cost  for  this  multi-employer  pension  plan  for  any  period  is  the  amount  of  the 
required  contribution  for  that  period.  A  contingent  liability  may  arise  from,  for  example,  possible  actuarial  losses 
relating to other participating entities because each entity that participates in a multi-employer union plan shares in 
the actuarial risks of every other participating entity or any responsibility under the terms of a plan to finance any 
shortfall in the plan if other entities cease to participate

The coverage ratio of the Dutch multi-employer union plan is 94.6% as of September 30, 2019. In 2013, PMT 
prepared and executed a “Recovery Plan” which was approved by De Nederlandsche Bank, the Dutch central bank, 
which is the supervisor of all pension companies in the Netherlands. As a result of the Recovery Plan, the pension 
rights  decreased  6.3%  in  April  2013  and  the  employer’s  premium  percentage  increased  to  16.6%  of  pensionable 
wages. The coverage ratio is calculated by dividing the plan assets by the total sum of pension liabilities and is based 
on actual market interest.  The coverage ratio of PMT fluctuates during a year due to the changes in the value of the 
assets and the present value of the liabilities. During the fiscal year 2019, the coverage ratio was as high as 101.9% 
in the first quarter and as low as 92.6% in the fourth quarter. The fluctuations are due to the reduction in the ultimate 
forward rate (which increases the present value of the liabilities) and a decrease in the value of global equities. As of 
September 30, 2019, PMT’s total plan assets were $94.2 billion and the actuarial present value of accumulated plan 
benefits was $99.7 billion.

Below is a table of our contributions to multi-employer pension plans (in thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Pensioenfonds Metaal en Techniek
Other plans
Total

  $

  $

658   $
158    
816   $

897   $
188    
1,085   $

805 
188 
993  

75

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
Defined  Contribution  Plans  –  We  match  employee  contributions  to  our  defined  contribution  plans  on  a 
discretionary  basis.    The  match  was  $0.3  million,  $0.4  million  and  $0.3  million  in  2019,  2018  and  2017, 
respectively.

15.  Commitments and Contingencies

Purchase Obligations – As of September 30, 2019, we had unrecorded purchase obligations at our continuing 
operations  in  the  amount  of  $4.4  million.  These  purchase  obligations  consist  of  outstanding  purchase  orders  for 
goods and services. While the amount represents purchase agreements, the actual amounts to be paid may be less in 
the event that any agreements are renegotiated, canceled or terminated.

Legal Proceedings and Other Claims – From time to time, we are a party to claims and actions for matters 
arising out of our business operations. We regularly evaluate the status of the legal proceedings and other claims in 
which  we  are  involved  to  assess  whether  a  loss  is  probable  or  there  is  a  reasonable  possibility  that  a  loss,  or  an 
additional loss, may have been incurred and determine if accruals are appropriate. If accruals are not appropriate, we 
further evaluate each legal proceeding to assess whether an estimate of possible loss or range of possible loss can be 
made for disclosure. Although the outcome of claims and litigation is inherently unpredictable, we believe that we 
have  adequate  provisions  for  any  probable  and  estimable  losses.  It  is  possible,  nevertheless,  that  our  consolidated 
financial  position,  results  of  operations  or  liquidity  could  be  materially  and  adversely  affected  in  any  particular 
period by the resolution of a claim or legal proceeding. Legal expenses related to defense, negotiations, settlements, 
rulings and advice of outside legal counsel are expensed as incurred.

In  December  2018,  we  were  notified  by  our  customer  that  the  turnkey  contract  for  Phase  II  has  been 
terminated.  As  a  result,  we  will  not  perform  the  final  installation  and  integration  of  our  equipment  under  such 
contract.  Negotiations  did  not  result  in  a  final  settlement,  and  the  customer  has  notified  us  of  their  intention  to 
pursue arbitration. We have removed the value of this remaining work from our backlog with no material effect on 
financial condition and results of operations.

Employment  Contracts  –  We  have  employment  contracts  with,  and  severance  plans  covering,  certain 
officers  and  management  employees  under  which  severance  payments  would  become  payable  in  the  event  of 
specified  terminations  without  cause  or  terminations  under  certain  circumstances  after  a  change  in  control.  If 
severance  payments  under  the  current  employment  agreements  or  plan  payments  were  to  become  payable,  the 
severance payments would generally range from twelve to thirty-six months of salary.

16.  Divestitures

SoLayTec

On December 24, 2014, we acquired a 51% controlling interest in SoLayTec, which provides ALD systems 
used  in  high  efficiency  solar  cells,  for  a  total  purchase  price  consideration  of  $1.9  million.    On  July  31,  2017, 
Tempress entered into an Exit Agreement (the “Agreement”) with the two minority owners of SoLayTec (“Minority 
Owners”)  to  acquire  their  remaining  shares  of  SoLayTec,  resulting  in  Tempress  becoming  the  sole  owner  of 
SoLayTec. The terms of the Agreement, which was effective as of July 1, 2017, state that the Minority Owners will 
sell all of their SoLayTec shares to Tempress for a nominal fee and waive all right to future repayment of principal 
and interest on loans payable to the Minority Owners. As a result of the effectiveness of the Agreement, SoLayTec 
has  no  further  liability  under  the  loans.  The  amount  of  principal  and  interest  forgiven  was  approximately  $2.4 
million, which was recorded as a capital contribution, with no impact on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.  
The  carrying  value  of  the  non-controlling  interest  at  the  date  of  the  Agreement  was  $2.7  million.    Under  our 
previously announced plan to exit our solar business (see Note 2), on June 7, 2019 (“Sale Date”), we completed the 
sale  of  SoLayTec  to  a  third  party  located  in  the  Netherlands.    Upon  the  Sale  Date,  we  recognized  a  gain  of 
approximately $1.6 million, which we included in loss from discontinued operations reported in our Consolidated 
Statements of Operations for the year ended September 30, 2019.  Effective on the Sale Date, SoLayTec is no longer 
included  in  our  consolidated  financial  statements.    SoLayTec  is  not  material  to  Amtech’s  results  of  operations  or 
financial position.

76

Kingstone

On  September  16,  2015,  we  reduced  our  ownership  to  15%  in  Kingstone  Hong  Kong.  Our  investment  in 
Kingstone Hong Kong was accounted for using the equity method for periods subsequent to the deconsolidation due 
to  our  ability  to  exert  significant  influence  over  the  financial  and  operating  policies  of  Kingstone  Hong  Kong, 
primarily through our representation on the board of directors. The resulting equity method investment was initially 
recorded  at  fair  value  at  $2.7  million  using  the  value  the  third-party  purchaser  placed  on  their  investment  in 
Kingstone Shanghai. The carrying value of the equity method investment in Kingstone Hong Kong was $2.6 million 
as of September 30, 2017.

Effective June 29, 2018, we sold our remaining ownership interest in Kingstone Hong Kong to the majority 
owner  for  approximately  $5.7  million,  which  was  received  in  August  2018.    We  recognized  a  pre-tax  gain  of 
approximately  $2.9  million,  which  is  reported  as  gain  on  sale  of  other  assets  in  our  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations for the year ended September 30, 2018.

17.  Related Party Transactions

Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party 
or  exercise  significant  influence  over  the  other  party  in  making  financial  and  operating  decisions.  Parties  are  also 
considered to be related if they are subject to common control or significant influence, such as a family member or 
relative, shareholder, or a related corporation.

In 2015, we deconsolidated Kingstone, reducing our ownership to 15% of Kingstone Hong Kong.  Effective 
June 29, 2018, we sold our remaining 15% ownership interest in Kingstone Hong Kong to the majority owner for 
approximately $5.7 million.  We recognized a pre-tax gain on the sale of approximately $2.9 million.  The 2018 gain 
is reported as a gain on sale of other assets in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.  Kingstone Hong Kong 
and its owners are no longer related parties of Amtech.

As of June 30, 2017, SoLayTec had borrowed approximately $2.4 million, including accrued interest, from its 
minority shareholders.  These loans were forgiven as part of the Exit Agreement entered into in July 2017.  See Note 
16 for additional information.  SoLayTec and its owners are no longer related parties of Amtech.

18.  Business Segments

After announcing the planned divestiture of our Solar segment (see Note 2), we conducted an evaluation of 
our organizational structure. Beginning with the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we made changes to our reportable 
segments. Prior period amounts have been revised to conform to the current period segment reporting structure.

Our three reportable segments are as follows:

Semiconductor–We design, manufacture, sell and service thermal processing equipment and related controls 

for use by leading semiconductor manufacturers, and in electronics, automotive and other industries.

SiC/LED–We  produce  consumables  and  machinery  for  lapping  (fine  abrading)  and  polishing  of  materials, 
such as sapphire substrates, optical components, silicon wafers, numerous types of crystal materials, ceramics and 
metal components. We formerly referred to our SiC/LED segment as “Polishing.”

Automation–We  are  a  leading  supplier  of  solar  and  semiconductor  automation  with  in-house  design  and 
manufacturing  capabilities  and  offer  a  full  array  of  single  wafer  transfer  tools  as  well  as  batch  transfer  tools  and 
stocker options.

77

Information concerning our business segments is as follows (in thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

Net revenue:
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation

Operating income (loss):
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation
Non-segment related

Capital expenditures:
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation
Non-segment related

Depreciation and amortization expense:
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation
Non-segment related

Identifiable assets:
Semiconductor
SiC/LED
Automation
Non-segment related*
Held-for-sale assets**

80,163    $
66,455    $
13,761     
13,682     
4,898     
6,129     
85,035    $ 100,053    $

67,237 
10,248 
5,588 
83,073 

8,744    $
3,641     
(786)   
(6,683)   
4,916    $

11,848    $
3,672     
(2,897)   
(6,551)   
6,072    $

9,538 
2,617 
(724)
(7,790)
3,641  

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

379   $
171    
22    
11    
583   $

352   $
603    
25    
14    
994   $

828   $
136    
103    
58    
1,125   $

715   $
136    
135    
67    
1,053   $

236 
12 
148 
22 
418 

876 
73 
325 
99 
1,373  

September 30,
2019

September 30,
2018

 $

 $

56,855  $
7,779   
2,661   
36,427   
22,755   
126,477  $

59,744 
6,545 
3,586 
34,209 
45,322 
149,406  

*
**

Non-segment related assets include cash, property and other assets.
See Note 2 for additional information on held-for-sale assets.

19.  Major Customers and Sales by Country

In  2019,  no  individual  customer  accounted  for  10%  or  more  of  net  revenues.    In  2018,  one  Semiconductor 
customer individually accounted for 14% of net revenues. In 2017, one Semiconductor customer accounted for 13% 
of net revenues.

78

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
     
     
  
   
   
   
 
   
     
     
  
   
   
   
 
 
 
  
 
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
 
Our net revenues for 2019, 2018 and 2017 were to customers in the following geographic regions:

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

United States
Other

Total Americas

China
Malaysia
Taiwan
Other

Total Asia

Germany
Other
Total Europe

35%   
6%   
41%  
18%   
5%   
10%   
8%   
41%  
8%   
10%   
18%  
100%  

21%   
3%   
24%  
30%   
8%   
9%   
5%   
52%  
10%   
14%   
24%  
100%  

22%
3%
25%
23%
8%
10%
9%
50%
9%
16%
25%
100%

20.  Geographic Regions

We have continuing operations in the United States, China and France, as well as satellite offices in Europe 
and  Asia.  Revenues,  operating  income  (loss)  and  identifiable  assets  by  geographic  region  are  as  follows  (in 
thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Net revenue:

United States
China
France
Other

Operating income (loss):

United States
China
France
Other

Net property, plant and equipment:

United States
China
France

  $

  $

  $

  $

72,753    $
65,942    $
17,634     
9,500     
6,129     
4,898     
3,537     
4,695     
85,035    $ 100,053    $

726    $
3,686     
(786)   
1,290     
4,916    $

2,755    $
5,445     
(3,058)   
930     
6,072    $

60,952 
12,673 
5,588 
3,860 
83,073 

(51)
3,647 
(1,000)
1,045 
3,641  

As of September 30,
2018
2019

  $

  $

9,893   $
236    
88    
10,217   $

10,039 
293 
177 
10,509  

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
      
 
   
   
 
21.  Supplementary Financial Information

The following is a summary of the activity in our allowance for doubtful accounts (in thousands):

Years Ended September 30,
2018

2017

2019

Balance at beginning of year
Provision
Write offs
Adjustment (1)
Balance at end of year

  $

  $

454    $
200     
(402)   
(80)   
172    $

356    $
102     
(9)   
5     
454    $

1,431 
117 
(1,171)
(21)
356  

(1)

Primarily foreign currency translation adjustments.

22.  Selected Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

The  following  table  sets  forth  selected  unaudited  consolidated  quarterly  financial  information  for  the  years 

ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except percents and per share amounts):

Revenue, net of returns and allowances
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Restructuring charges
Operating income

Interest and other income, net

Income from continuing operations before
   income taxes
Income tax provision

Income from continuing operations,
   net of tax
(Loss) income from discontinued
   operations, net of tax

Net (loss) income
Gross margin
Operating margin
Income (Loss) Per Basic Share:

Basic income per share from continuing
   operations
Basic (loss) income per share from
   discontinued operations
Net (loss) income per basic share
Income (Loss) Per Diluted Share:

Diluted income per share from continuing
   operations
Diluted (loss) income per share from
   discontinued operations

Net (loss) income per diluted share
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted

Fiscal Year 2019

First
Quarter
 $ 23,225 
14,205 
9,020 
6,626 
866 
864 
664 
166 

Second
Quarter
 $ 20,633 
12,706 
7,927 
5,793 
713 
173 
1,248 
96 

Third
Quarter
 $ 21,003 
13,153 
7,850 
5,718 
746 
35 
1,351 
249 

Fourth
Quarter
 $ 20,174 
11,614 
8,560 
6,126 
743 
38 
1,653 
341 

830 
582 

248 

1,344 
332 

1,600 
707 

1,994 
1,012 

1,012 

893 

982 

(2,620)   
(2,372)  $
38.8%  
2.9%  

(6,647)   
(5,635)  $
38.4%  
6.0%  

1,154 
2,047 
 $
37.4%  
6.4%  

(184)
798 
42.4%
8.2%

0.02 

 $

0.07 

 $

0.06 

 $

0.07 

(0.18)  $
(0.16)  $

(0.47)  $
(0.40)  $

0.08 
0.14 

 $
 $

(0.01)
0.06 

0.02 

 $

0.07 

 $

0.06 

 $

0.07 

(0.18)  $
(0.16)  $

(0.47)  $
(0.40)  $

14,220 
14,252 

14,228 
14,258 

 $
 $

0.08 
0.14 
14,245 
14,316 

(0.01)
0.06 
14,266 
14,304  

 $

 $

 $
 $

 $

 $
 $

80

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Revenue, net of returns and allowances
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Impairment charges

Operating income (loss)
Gain on sale of other assets
(Loss) income from equity method investment
Interest and other income (expense), net

Income (loss) from continuing operations before
   income taxes
Income tax provision

Income (loss) from continuing operations,
   net of tax
Income (loss) from discontinued operations,
   net of tax
Net income (loss)
Gross margin
Operating margin
Income (Loss) Per Basic Share:

Basic income (loss) per share from
   continuing operations
Basic income (loss) per share from
   discontinued operations
Net income (loss) per basic share
Income (Loss) Per Diluted Share:

Diluted income (loss) per share from
   continuing operations
Diluted income (loss) per share from
   discontinued operations

Net income (loss) per diluted share
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted

Fiscal Year 2018

First

Quarter  
 $ 27,116 
17,156 
9,960 
6,424 
675 
— 
2,861 
— 
(26)   
18 

Second
Quarter  
 $ 21,115 
12,533 
8,582 
6,319 
778 
— 
1,485 
— 
28 
(32)   

Third
Quarter  
 $ 28,743 
18,560 
10,183 
6,775 
582 
— 
2,826 
2,883 
232 
410 

Fourth
Quarter  
 $ 23,079 
14,886 
8,193 
6,225 
821 
2,247 
(1,100)
— 
— 
342 

2,853 
1,152 

1,481 
420 

6,351 
1,372 

(758)
352 

1,701 

1,061 

4,979 

(1,110)

 $

 $

 $
 $

 $

 $
 $

4,751 
 $
6,452 
36.7%  
10.6%  

1,774 
 $
2,835 
40.6%  
7.0%  

(8)   

(7,843)
 $ (8,953)

4,971 
35.4%  
9.8%  

35.5%
(4.8)%

0.12 

 $

0.07 

 $

0.33 

 $

(0.08)

0.32 
0.44 

 $
 $

0.12 
0.19 

 $
 $

(0.00)  $
 $
0.33 

(0.53)
(0.61)

0.11 

 $

0.07 

 $

0.33 

 $

(0.08)

 $
 $

0.31 
0.42 
14,781 
15,298 

0.12 
0.19 
14,891 
15,154 

 $
 $

(0.00)  $
0.33 
 $
14,925 
15,091 

(0.53)
(0.61)
14,730 
14,730  

23. Subsequent Events

In November 2019, we completed the sale of our subsidiary, R2D, to certain members of R2D’s management 
team.  We will recognize a loss of approximately $3.0 million in the first quarter of 2020 and R2D will no longer be 
included in our consolidated financial statements. 

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
ITEM  9.    CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), has 
carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act 
Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e). Based upon that evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure 
controls and procedures in place were effective as of September 30, 2019.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

To the Shareholders of Amtech Systems, Inc.

The  management  of  Amtech  Systems,  Inc.  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal 
control  over  financial  reporting,  as  such  term  is  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f).  Internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally 
accepted accounting principles.

Because of its inherent limitations, our controls and procedures may not prevent or detect misstatements. A 
control system, no  matter  how  well  conceived  and operated, can provide  only  reasonable, not  absolute,  assurance 
that  the  objectives  of  the  controls  system  are  met.  Because  of  the  inherent  limitations  in  all  controls  systems,  no 
evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been 
detected.

Our  management  evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as 
of September 30,  2019.  In  making  this  evaluation,  we  used  the  criteria  set  forth  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on 
our evaluation we believe that, as of September 30, 2019, our internal control over financial reporting was effective 
based on those criteria.

Our  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm,  Mayer  Hoffman  McCann  P.C.,  has  issued  a  Report  of 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm related to our internal control over financial reporting, which can 
be found in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

None.

82

PART III

Pursuant to Paragraph G(3) of the General Instructions to Form 10-K, the information required by Part III of 
Form 10-K is incorporated by reference to the Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days of September 30, 2019, 
our fiscal year end. In the event the Proxy Statement is not filed within 120 days, the information required by Part III 
of this Form 10-K will be filed pursuant to an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K within the 120-day 
period.

ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND GOVERNANCE

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will 
be  filed  pursuant  to  an  amendment  to  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  in  each  case,  within  120  days  of 
September 30, 2019, our fiscal year end.

ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will 
be  filed  pursuant  to  an  amendment  to  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  in  each  case,  within  120  days  of 
September 30, 2019, our fiscal year end.

ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will 
be  filed  pursuant  to  an  amendment  to  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  in  each  case,  within  120  days  of 
September 30, 2019, our fiscal year end.

ITEM  13. 
INDEPENDENCE

  CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS,  AND  DIRECTOR 

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will 
be  filed  pursuant  to  an  amendment  to  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  in  each  case,  within  120  days  of 
September 30, 2019, our fiscal year end.

ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will 
be  filed  pursuant  to  an  amendment  to  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  in  each  case,  within  120  days  of 
September 30, 2019, our fiscal year end.

83

ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a) Financial Statements and Schedules

PART IV

The consolidated financial statements required by this item are set forth on the pages indicated in Item 8.

All financial  statement schedules  are  omitted because  they  are  either  not applicable  or because the required 

information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

(b) Exhibits

The  exhibits  filed  as  part  of  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  are  listed  on  the  Exhibit  Index  immediately 

preceding the signature page hereto, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 16.  FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

84

EXHIBIT INDEX

EXHIBIT
NO.
 3.1

 3.2

 3.3

 3.4

 4.1

EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION

Amended and Restated Articles of 
Incorporation, as amended through 
February 6, 2012.

Certificate of Designations, Preferences 
and Privileges of the Series A 
Convertible Preferred Stock (Par Value 
$.01 Per Share) of Amtech Systems, 
Inc., dated as of April 21, 2005.

Amended and Restated Bylaws of 
Amtech Systems, Inc., dated as of 
January 4, 2008.

First Amendment to the Company’s 
Amended and Restated Bylaws, dated 
January 30, 2015.

Form of Accredited Investor 
Subscription Agreement for the Series 
A Convertible Preferred Stock.

INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

  FORM  
10-Q

FILE
NO.
000-11412

EXHIBIT
NO.
3.1

FILING
DATE
February 9, 2012

FILED
HEREWITH

8-K

000-11412

3.1

April 28, 2005

8-K

000-11412

3.1

January 8, 2008

8-K

000-11412

3.1

February 2, 2015

8-K

000-11412

4.1

April 28, 2005

 4.2

 Description of Capital Stock

X

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

Non-Employee Directors Stock Option 
Plan, effective July 8, 2005 as amended 
through May 8, 2014.

2007 Employee Stock Incentive Plan of 
Amtech Systems, Inc., as amended, 
effective April 9, 2015.

Second Amended and Restated 
Employment Agreement between 
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Jong S. 
Whang, dated February 9, 2012.

Amendment, dated as of July 1, 2012, to 
the Second Amended and Restated 
Employment Agreement between 
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Jong S. 
Whang, dated as of February 9, 2012.

Second Amendment, dated June 28, 
2013, to the Second Amended and 
Restated Employment Agreement 
between Amtech Systems, Inc. and Jong 
S. Whang, dated as of February 9, 2012.  

Fourth Amendment to Employment 
Agreement between Amtech Systems, 
Inc. and Jong S. Whang, dated April 9, 
2015.

8-K

000-11412

10.1

May 14, 2014

8-K

000-11412

10.4

April 10, 2015

10-Q

000-11412

10.1

February 9, 2012

10-Q

000-11412

10.2

August 9, 2012

10-Q

000-11412

10.15

August 8, 2013

8-K

000-11412

10.1

April 10, 2015

85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8-K

000-11412

10.1

November 19, 
2015

10-Q

000-11412

10.2

May 5, 2016

8-K

000-11412

10.2

November 16, 
2016

8-K

000-11412

10.3

November 16, 
2016

10.7

10.8

10.9

Fifth Amendment to Employment 
Agreement, dated November 19, 2015, 
by and between the Company and Jong 
S. Whang.

Key Terms for Robert Hass 
Employment Agreement, dated 
February 22, 2016, by and between 
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Robert T. 
Hass.

Terms of Employment for Robert T. 
Hass, dated November 10, 2016, 
between Amtech Systems, Inc. and 
Robert T. Hass.

10.10

Change of Control and Severance 
Agreement dated November 10, 2016, 
between Amtech Systems, Inc. and 
Robert T. Hass.

21.1

 Subsidiaries of the Registrant

23.1

Consent of Independent Registered 
Public Accounting Firm - Mayer 
Hoffman McCann P.C.

24

 Powers of Attorney

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-
14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as Amended

Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-
14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as Amended

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 
Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
of 2002

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 
Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to 
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
of 2002

  101.INS  XBRL Instance Document

  101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema 
Document

  101.PRE

Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase 
Document

  101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase 
Document

  101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase 
Document

  101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition 
Linkbase Document

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the 

registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

November 21, 2019

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC.

By:

/s/ Lisa D. Gibbs
Lisa D. Gibbs, Vice President - Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report on Form 10-K 
has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates 
indicated:

SIGNATURE

*

Jong S. Whang

/s/ Lisa D. Gibbs

Lisa D. Gibbs

*
Robert M. Averick

*
Michael Garnreiter

Robert F. King

Sukesh Mohan

*

*

*By: /s/ Lisa D. Gibbs
Lisa D. Gibbs, Attorney-In-Fact**

TITLE

DATE

Executive Chairman and
Chairman of the Board
(Principal Executive Officer)

Vice President – Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal 
Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

November 21, 2019

November 21, 2019

November 21, 2019

November 21, 2019

November 21, 2019

November 21, 2019

**

By 

authority 

of 

the 

power 

of 

attorney 

filed 

as 

Exhibit 

24 

hereto.

87

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

Exhibit 31.1

I, Jong S. Whang, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Amtech Systems, Inc. (the “registrant”);

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such 
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  included  in  this  report, 
fairly  present  in  all  material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over 
financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to 
be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant, 
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly 
during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that 
occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  (the  registrant’s  fourth  fiscal  quarter  in  the 
case  of  an  annual  report)  that  has  materially  affected,  or  is  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  the 
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control  over  financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  registrant’s  board  of 
directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to  adversely  affect  the  registrant’s  ability  to  record, 
process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

By

/s/ Jong S. Whang
Jong S. Whang
Executive Chairman, Chairman of the Board and 
Chief Executive Officer
Amtech Systems, Inc.

Date: November 21, 2019

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

Exhibit 31.2

I, Lisa D. Gibbs, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Amtech Systems, Inc. (the “registrant”),

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such 
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  included  in  this  report, 
fairly  present  in  all  material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure 
controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  internal  control  over 
financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to 
be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant, 
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly 
during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that 
occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  (the  registrant’s  fourth  fiscal  quarter  in  the 
case  of  an  annual  report)  that  has  materially  affected,  or  is  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  the 
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control  over  financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  registrant’s  board  of 
directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to  adversely  affect  the  registrant’s  ability  to  record, 
process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

By

/s/ Lisa D. Gibbs
Lisa D. Gibbs
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Amtech Systems, Inc.

Date: November 21, 2019

Exhibit 32.1

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Amtech Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period 
ended September 30, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), 
I, Jong S. Whang, Executive Chairman, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, 
certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. ss. 1350, as adopted pursuant to ss. 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

(2)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition 
and result of operations of the Company.

By

/s/ Jong S. Whang
Jong S. Whang
Executive Chairman, Chairman of the Board and 
Chief Executive Officer

Date:November 21, 2019

Exhibit 32.2

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Amtech Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period 
ended September 30, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), 
I, Lisa D. Gibbs, Vice President & Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. ss. 1350, 
as adopted pursuant to ss. 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

(2)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition 
and result of operations of the Company.

By

/s/ Lisa D. Gibbs
Lisa D. Gibbs
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Amtech Systems, Inc.

Date:November 21, 2019

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

LEGAL COUNSEL

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(cid:21)(cid:24)(cid:21)(cid:24)(cid:3)(cid:40)(cid:68)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:38)(cid:68)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:79)(cid:69)(cid:68)(cid:70)(cid:78)(cid:3)(cid:53)(cid:82)(cid:68)(cid:71)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:19)

Phoen(cid:76)(cid:91), (cid:36)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:93)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:68)(cid:3)(cid:27)(cid:24)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:25)

(cid:11)(cid:23)(cid:27)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:3)(cid:25)(cid:19)(cid:25)(cid:16)(cid:24)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:19)

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED 
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

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STOCK MARKET INFORMATION

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Webs(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:17)(cid:81)(cid:68)(cid:86)da(cid:84)(cid:17)(cid:70)om

SUBSIDIARIES

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J(cid:17)(cid:54)(cid:17)(cid:3)Whang

Executive Chairman, Chairman of the Board and 
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(cid:53)ober(cid:87)(cid:3)Hass

Executive Vice President

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Director

(cid:48)(cid:76)(cid:70)hael Garnre(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)r

Director

(cid:53)ober(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:41)(cid:17)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:76)ng

Director

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Director

CORPORATE INFORMATION

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Webs(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:17)(cid:68)(cid:80)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:70)hgr(cid:82)(cid:88)(cid:83)(cid:17)(cid:70)om

TRANSFER AGENT & REGISTRAR

(cid:38)om(cid:83)(cid:88)(cid:87)(cid:72)rshar(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:918)(cid:81)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)r Ser(cid:89)(cid:76)(cid:70)es

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Webs(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:29)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:90)(cid:17)(cid:70)om(cid:83)(cid:88)(cid:87)(cid:72)rshar(cid:72)(cid:17)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:80)(cid:18)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)r

 
 
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