Quarterlytics / Technology / Semiconductors / Amtech Systems, Inc. / FY2021 Annual Report

Amtech Systems, Inc.
Annual Report 2021

ASYS · NASDAQ Technology
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FY2021 Annual Report · Amtech Systems, Inc.
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
☒  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended: September 30, 2021
OR

☐  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                to               
Commission file number: 0-11412

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Arizona
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

131 South Clark Drive, Tempe, Arizona
(Address of principal executive offices)

86-0411215
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

85281
(Zip Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 480-967-5146

Title of each class

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

Trading Symbol(s)

ASYS

Name of each exchange on which registered

NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value
(Title of Class)

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the 
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated 
filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer

☐
☒

Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

☐
☒
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to 
Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of March 31, 2021, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was 
approximately $137,669,715, based upon the closing sales price reported by the NASDAQ Global Market on that date.
As of November 12, 2021, the registrant had outstanding 14,309,435 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Definitive Proxy Statement related to the registrant’s 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which Proxy Statement will be filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, within 120 days 
of the end of the registrant’s fiscal year ended September 30, 2021, are incorporated by reference into Items 10-14 of Part III of this Form 10-K.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Table of Contents

  Definitions
  Cautionary Statement about Forward-Looking Statements

  Business
  Risk Factors
  Unresolved Staff Comments
  Properties
  Legal Proceedings
  Mine Safety Disclosures

Part I

Part II

  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
  Selected Financial Data
  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
  Controls and Procedures
  Other Information
  Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

Part III

  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
  Executive Compensation
  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
  Principal Accounting Fees and Services

  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
  Form 10-K Summary

Part IV

2

Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.

Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
Item 9C.

Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.

Item 15.
Item 16.
Signatures

3
5

6
17
29
29
30
30

31
33
34
46
46
78
78
78
78

79
79
79
79
79

80
80
83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acronyms and defined terms used in the text include the following:

DEFINITIONS

Term
2007 Plan

3D

401(k) Plan

5G

Amtech

ASC

ASU

Board

Bruce Technologies

BTU

CAPM

CARES Act

CEO

CFO

CMP

Common Stock

Company

COSO

COVID-19

DBC

EBIT

EBITDA

EPS

ERISA

EV

Exchange Act

FASB

FDIC

FIFO

IBAL

Intersurface Dynamics

ISO 9001:2015

IoT

Kingstone Hong Kong

LED

LPCVD

MEMS

mm

  Meaning
  The 2007 Employee Stock Incentive Plan

  Three dimensional

  The Amtech Systems, Inc. 401(k) Plan

  Fifth generation of mobile communications

  Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries

  Accounting Standard Codification

  Accounting Standard Update

  The Board of Directors of Amtech Systems, Inc.

  Bruce Technologies, Inc.

  BTU International, Inc.

  Capital Asset Pricing Model

  Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act

  Chief Executive Officer

  Chief Financial Officer

  Chemical Mechanical Polishing

  Our common stock, par value $0.01 per share

  Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries

  Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission

  A novel coronavirus strain commonly referred to as “coronavirus”

  Direct Bond Copper

  Earnings Before Interest and Taxes

Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization

  Earnings (loss) per share

  Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974

  Electric vehicle

  Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended

  Financial Accounting Standards Board

  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

  First-in, first-out

  Individual boats with automated loading

  Intersurface Dynamics, Inc.

  International standard that specifies requirements for a quality management system

  Internet of things

  Kingstone Technology Hong Kong Limited

  Light-emitting diode

  Low-pressure chemical vapor deposition

  Microelectromechanical systems

  Millimeter

3

 
 
 
NIGPP

Note __

O-S-D

our

PCAOB

  National Integrated Group Pension Plan and Trust Fund

  Note __ to the consolidated financial statements

  Optoelectronic Sensors & Discrete

  Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries

  Public Company Accounting Oversight Board

Power Semiconductor

  The fundamental component of modern power electronic circuitry. Power semiconductors perform the 

PR Hoffman

Proxy Statement

R2D

RD&E

Registrant

RF

ROU

SEC

Securities Act

Semi

SEO

SG&A

SiC

SiC/LED

SMT

SoLayTec

SSP

Subsidiaries

Tempress

TTV

us

U.S.

same tasks as regular semiconductors — only on a much larger scale. These high-performance 
components are capable of handling extremely high electrical currents, voltages, and frequencies. 
They are used in, but not limited to the following applications: electric vehicles, wireless 
communication, advanced control of electric drives, advanced computer systems, antennas, 
automobile sensors, broadband wireless, consumer and industrial electronics, and more. They form an 
indispensable part of electrical appliances, machines, and systems.

  P.R. Hoffman Machine Products, Inc.

  Amtech’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the SEC in connection with its 2022 Annual Meeting of 

Shareholders

  R2D Automation SAS

  Research, development and engineering

  Amtech Systems, Inc.

  Radio Frequency

  Right-of-use

  Securities and Exchange Commission

  Securities Act of 1933, as amended

  Semiconductor

  Search engine optimization

  Selling, general and administrative expenses

  Silicon carbide

  Our former SiC/LED operating segment

  Surface-mount technology

  SoLayTec B.V.

  Standalone selling price

  Subsidiaries of Amtech Systems, Inc. listed on Exhibit 21 hereto

  Tempress Systems, Inc.

  Total thickness variation

  Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries

  The United States of America

USA PATRIOT act

  The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools to Restrict, Intercept, and 

USTR

we

xEV

Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001

  United States Trade Representative

  Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries

  Hybrid and electric vehicles

4

 
 
 
Cautionary Statement about Forward-Looking Statements

Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “Amtech,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Amtech Systems, Inc. together with its subsidiaries.

Our  discussion  and  analysis  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  our  2021  Annual  Report  to  Shareholders,  our  other  reports  that  we  file  with  the  SEC,  our  press 
releases and in public statements of our officers and corporate spokespersons contain “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, 
Section  21E  of  the  Exchange  Act,  and  the  Private  Securities  Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995.  Forward-looking  statements  give  our  or  our  officers’  current  expectations  or 
forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current events. You can also identify forward-looking 
statements by discussions of strategy, plans or intentions of management.  We have tried, wherever possible, to identify such statements by using words such as “may,” “plan,” 
“anticipate,”  “seek,”  “will,”  “expect,”  “intend,”  “estimate,”  “believe,”  “continue,”  “predict,”  “potential,”  “project,”  “should,”  “would,”  “could,”  “likely,”  “future,”  “target,” 
“forecast,” “goal,” “observe,” and “strategy” or the negative thereof or variations thereon or similar terminology relating to the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. Any 
expectations based on these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and other important factors.  Some factors that could cause actual results to differ 
materially from those anticipated include, among others, future economic conditions, including changes in the markets in which we operate; changes in demand for our services 
and products; our revenue and operating performance; difficulties in successfully executing our growth initiatives; difficulties in executing on our strategic efforts with respect 
to  our  material  and  substrate  business  segment;  the  effects  of  competition  in  the  markets  in  which  we  operate,  including  the  adverse  impact  of  competitive  product 
announcements or new entrants into our markets and transfers of resources by competitors into our markets; the cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry; pricing and gross 
profit pressures; control of costs and expenses; risks associated with new technologies and the impact on our business; legislative, regulatory, and competitive developments in 
markets in which we operate; possible future claims, litigation or enforcement actions and the results of any such claim, litigation proceeding, or enforcement action;  business 
interruptions, including those related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the cybersecurity incident that occurred in April 2021; the potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, 
including ongoing logistical and supply chain challenges, and any future pandemic on our business operations, financial results and financial position; the severity, magnitude 
and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, including impacts of the pandemic and of businesses’ and governments’ responses to the pandemic on our operations and personnel; 
the  resolution  of  our  cybersecurity  incident  and  related  costs;  risks  of  future  cybersecurity  incidents;  and  the  other  factors  included  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K, 
including those referenced under the headings “Business,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” or 
referenced from time to time in our filings with the SEC.  The occurrence of the events described, and the achievement of expected results, depend on many events, some or all 
of which are not predictable or within our control.  These and many other factors could affect Amtech’s future operating results and financial condition and could cause actual 
results to differ materially from expectations based on forward-looking statements made in this document or elsewhere by Amtech or on its behalf.

Forward-looking  statements  are  neither  historical  facts  nor  assurances  of  future  performance.    Instead,  they  are  based  on  our  or  our  officers’  current  beliefs, 
expectations  and  assumptions  regarding  the  future  of  our  business,  future  plans  and  strategies,  projections,  anticipated  events  and  trends,  the  economy  and  other  future 
conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to certain risks and uncertainties.  In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no 
assurance  that  the  forward-looking  information  contained  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  will  in  fact  transpire  or  prove  to  be  accurate.    You  should  not  place  undue 
reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they were made.

The  Company  undertakes  no  obligation  to  update  or  publicly  revise  any  forward-looking  statement  whether  as  a  result  of  new  information,  future  developments  or 
otherwise after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its 
behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.  You are advised, however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects in our 
subsequently filed Form 10-Q and Form 8-K reports and our other filings with the SEC.  Also note that we provide a cautionary discussion of risks, uncertainties and possibly 
inaccurate assumptions relevant to our business under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  We note these factors for investors as permitted by the 
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  You should understand it is not possible to predict or identify all such factors.

5

 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.  BUSINESS

OUR COMPANY

PART I

We  are  a  leading,  global  manufacturer  of  capital  equipment,  including  thermal  processing  and  wafer  polishing,  and  related  consumables  used  in  fabricating 
semiconductor devices, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and silicon power devices, analog and discrete devices, electronic assemblies, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). We sell 
these products to semiconductor device and module manufacturers worldwide, particularly in Asia, North America and Europe.  Our strategic focus is on semiconductor growth 
opportunities in power electronics, sensors and analog devices leveraging our strength in our core competencies in thermal and substrate processing. We are a market leader in 
the  high-end  power  chip  market  (SiC  substrates,  300mm  horizontal  thermal  reactors,  and  electronic  assemblies  used  in  power,  RF,  and  other  advanced  applications), 
developing, and supplying essential equipment and consumables used in the semiconductor industry.

We categorize each of our subsidiaries into one of two operating segments, based primarily on the industries they serve:

Operating Segment
Semiconductor

Material and Substrate

These operating segments are comprised of the following four wholly-owned subsidiaries:

Semiconductor:

% of 2021
Consolidated Net
Revenue

85 %

15 %

(cid:0)

(cid:0)

Bruce Technologies, a Massachusetts corporation based in North Billerica, Massachusetts, acquired in July 2004; and

BTU, a Delaware corporation based in North Billerica, Massachusetts, with operations in China, Malaysia and the United Kingdom, acquired in January 2015. 

Material and Substrate:

(cid:0)

(cid:0)

PR Hoffman, an Arizona corporation based in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, acquired in July 1997; and

Intersurface Dynamics, a Connecticut corporation based in Bethel, Connecticut, acquired in March 2021.

Our strategic focus in the semiconductor industry is the development of equipment for thermal processing and deposition for semiconductor manufacturing, specifically 
focusing  on  substrate,  fabrication,  packaging  and  surface-mount  technology  (“SMT”).  The  markets  we  serve  are  experiencing  technological  advances  and  are,  historically, 
cyclical.  Therefore, future profitability and growth depend on our ability to invest in, develop and/or acquire and market new technology products and on our ability to adapt to 
cyclical trends.

Integrated circuits, optoelectronic, sensor, and discrete (O-S-D) components, such as power chips, LEDs, and some MEMS, are semiconductor devices fabricated on 
silicon and compound semiconductor, such as silicon carbide, wafer substrates.  Semiconductor chips are part of the circuitry of many products including inverters, onboard 
charging,  computers,  telecommunications  devices,  automotive  electronics  and  sensors,  consumer  electronics,  and  industrial  automation  and  control  systems.  LEDs 
manufactured using our equipment are used in industrial, commercial and residential lighting.  Our thermal processing and consumable products currently address the diffusion 
and deposition steps used in the fabrication of semiconductors, LEDs, MEMS and the polishing of newly sliced silicon and compound semiconductor wafers, as well as the 
packaging  and  assembly  of  the  electronic  components  and  assemblies.    Our  reflow  ovens  provide  key  thermal  processing  steps  for  both  semiconductor  packaging  and 
electronics 

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
assembly. Key end-markets for these packages and assemblies include: communications, automotive electronics and sensors, computing and networking, and consumer and 
industrial electronics.

Our Material and Substrate segment provides solutions to the lapping and polishing marketplace for SiC power chip applications, LED, optics, ceramics and photonics.  
Lapping and polishing are the processes of abrading components with a high degree of precision for flatness, parallelism and surface finish.   Common applications for this 
technology are silicon wafers for semiconductor products, compound substrates, like silicon carbide wafers, for LED and power device applications, sapphire substrates for 
LED lighting and mobile devices, various glass and silica components for 3D image transmission, quartz and ceramic components for telecommunications devices, medical 
device components and optical and photonics applications.

We  believe  our  product  portfolio,  developed  through  a  track  record  of  technological  innovation  as  well  as  the  successful  integration  of  key  acquisitions,  provides 
exceptional  value  to  semiconductor  manufacturing  by  increasing  yields,  efficiency  and  throughput.  We  have  been  providing  manufacturing  solutions  to  the  semiconductor 
industry for over 30 years and have leveraged our semiconductor technology and industry presence to capitalize on growth opportunities. Our customers use our equipment to 
manufacture semiconductor chips, silicon and compound semiconductor wafers and MEMS, which are used in end markets such as telecommunications (5G), consumer and 
industrial electronics (IoT and embedded devices), computing (data centers), automotive electronics and sensors (xEV), and mobile devices (smart devices). To complement our 
research and development efforts, we also sell our equipment to, and coordinate certain development efforts with, research institutes, universities and customers.

The semiconductor industry is cyclical and historically has experienced significant fluctuations. Our revenue is impacted by these broad industry trends.

In  March  2020,  the  outbreak  of  COVID-19  was  recognized  as  a  pandemic  by  the  World  Health  Organization,  and  the  outbreak  became  increasingly  widespread, 
including in all of the markets in which we operate. We continue to monitor the impact of COVID-19 on all aspects of our business. We are a company operating in a critical 
infrastructure industry, as defined by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Consistent with federal guidelines and with state and local orders to date, we have continued 
to operate across our footprint throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the onset of COVID-19 and its negative effects on our business, most prominently reflected in 
our second, third and fourth quarter fiscal 2020 results, global economic conditions improved during fiscal 2021, resulting in increased demand for our products and services, 
which led to our earnings for fiscal 2021 substantially exceeding our fiscal 2020 results. There remain many unknowns and we continue to monitor the expected trends and 
related demand for our products and services and have and will continue to adjust our operations accordingly.

For  information  regarding  net  revenue,  operating  income  and  identifiable  assets  attributable  to  each  of  our  two  operating  segments,  see  Note  17  of  the  Notes  to 
Consolidated  Financial  Statements  included  in  “Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data”  and  “Item  7.  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations” in this Annual Report.  For information on the products of each operating segment, see “Semiconductor Products” and “Material and 
Substrate Products” within this “Item 1. Business” section.  For information regarding risks to our business, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”

Our fiscal year is from October 1 to September 30. Unless otherwise stated, references to the years 2021, 2020 and 2019 relate to the fiscal years ended September 30, 

2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

ACQUISITION

On March 3, 2021, we acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Intersurface Dynamics, a Connecticut-based manufacturer of substrate process 
chemicals  used  in  various  manufacturing  processes,  including  semiconductors,  silicon  and  compound  semiconductor  wafers,  and  optics,  for  a  cash  purchase  price  of  $5.3 
million. Intersurface Dynamics’ results of operations are included in our Material and Substrate segment from the date of acquisition.

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GROWTH AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY

Historically,  we  have  grown  our  business  primarily  through  acquisitions,  including  the  businesses  that  currently  comprise  our  two  operating  segments  in  the 
Semiconductor and Material and Substrate industries: Bruce Technologies, BTU, PR Hoffman and Intersurface Dynamics.  The businesses we own and operate today have 
provided  substantial  returns  on  our  original  investments.  Our  acquisition  of  BTU  demonstrates  our  ability  to  unlock  value  in  a  company,  to  grow  revenue  and  improve  the 
performance of acquired assets. Our 2021 acquisition of Intersurface Dynamics bolstered our offerings in the substrate consumables space and incorporated wafer processing 
coolants and chemicals to our existing consumable and machine product lines. While we continue to believe this inorganic growth strategy is the backbone of who Amtech is as 
a company, we have also employed the complimentary strategy of pursuing organic growth, particularly during times when we lacked sufficient capital resources to pursue 
growth  through  acquisitions.    During  2017  and  2018,  the  completion  of  several  strategic  transactions  enabled  us  to  build  our  capital  foundation  and  renew  our  acquisition 
efforts; however, these acquisition efforts were temporarily interrupted by our focus on divesting of our Solar business beginning in 2019 and the impact of the COVID-19 
pandemic in 2020.  Despite these interruptions, we continued to invest in research and development and will introduce new products in fiscal 2022 to expand our offerings and 
addressable market.  As we move past the pandemic interruptions, we have a renewed objective to grow our revenue and expand our operations through strategic acquisitions, 
while at the same time pursuing organic growth. We intend to accomplish these parallel objectives through the pursuit of the following strategies:

Capitalize  on  Growth  Opportunities  in  the  Semiconductor  Industry  by  Leveraging  Our  Thermal  and  Material  Processing  Expertise,  Top-Tier  Customer 
Relationships, Track Record of Technological Innovation and Exceptional Customer Service.  We believe that long-term growth in the semiconductor industry will be driven 
by emerging growth opportunities in advanced packaging technologies, new compound semiconductor substrates, such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride, and the growing 
demand for 5G and mobility, consumer and industrial Internet-of-Things (IoT), increased adoption of sensors and electronics in the automotive industry, electric vehicles (EV) 
and  charging  infrastructure,  and  China’s  investment  in  their  domestic  semiconductor  production  capacity.    As  the  semiconductor  market  continues  to  develop  and  evolve, 
advances in process technology will be vital to remaining competitive. We intend to continue leveraging our market position, relationships with leading global semiconductor 
customers  and  demonstrated  track  record  of  technological  innovation  and  exceptional  customer  service  to  maximize  sales  of  our  current  and  next-generation  technology 
solutions.

Develop Multi-Product Solutions to Expand Our Addressable Market. We are focused on acquiring, developing and licensing new products across our business in 
response to customer needs in the markets we serve. As we add to our product portfolio organically and through acquisitions, we plan to continue expanding our offerings 
within  the  semiconductor  and  silicon  carbide  production  processes,  thus  capturing  a  greater  percentage  of  capital  spent  on  increasing  semiconductor  and  silicon  carbide 
production.  We have successfully developed and acquired products to expand our addressable market and continue to make evolutionary upgrades to our existing equipment 
and service offerings across our operating segments.  In addition to developing new products, we plan to invest in upgrades to our existing product offerings to stay competitive 
in the markets we serve.  As a result, we increased our research and development expenses in 2021 and expect to continue to invest in capital expenditures and research and 
development expenses in fiscal 2022 and beyond for these evolutionary upgrades as well as for the development of specific new products.  As a result of our research and 
development efforts, we intend to begin offering several new products as well as upgraded products in fiscal 2022.

Pursue Strategic Acquisitions That Complement Our Strong Platform. As discussed above, we have historically pursued an acquisition strategy consistent with our 
focus of maintaining market leadership and technology innovation that addresses the continued growth in the semiconductor industry.  As part of this strategy, we continually 
evaluate  potential  technology,  product  and  business  acquisitions  or  joint  ventures  that  we  believe  will  increase  our  existing  market  share  in  the  semiconductor  and  SiC 
industries and expand our addressable market. In evaluating these opportunities, our objectives include enhancing our earnings and cash flows, adding complementary product 
offerings, expanding our geographic footprint, improving our production efficiency and expanding our customer base.  As a result, we continue to manage our balance sheet to 
maintain adequate liquidity so that we may react quickly as these opportunities arise.  During 2021, we completed the acquisition of Intersurface Dynamics, which incorporated 
numerous coolants and chemical products to our existing consumable and machine product lines.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
Invest in Our Infrastructure and Capacity. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we completed the move of our subsidiary, PR Hoffman, to a new location.  This new location 
increased  our  manufacturing  footprint  and  positioned  our  business  to  meet  the  expected  longer-term  increase  in  demand  for  our  SiC,  optics,  and  silicon  substrate  product 
solutions.    Additionally,  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2021,  we  completed  the  move  of  our  Shanghai  facility  to  a  new  location.    This  new  location  increases  our  capacity  and 
streamlines our manufacturing processes, thus reducing our lead times.  In addition, we are evaluating our management information systems and needs in order to allow for 
greater efficiencies and to ensure our infrastructure can support our future growth plans.   

SEMICONDUCTOR AND MATERIAL AND SUBSTRATE OPERATIONS 

We  provide  diffusion  and  reflow  thermal  systems  as  well  as  wafer  polishing  equipment  and  related  services  to  leading  semiconductor  manufacturers.  Our  products 
include horizontal diffusion furnaces used to produce semiconductors, such as analog, sensors, and discrete devices, and MEMS, as well as double-sided lapping and polishing 
equipment, double-sided lapping and polishing carriers, and single side polishing templates.

As demand for increasingly sophisticated electronic devices continues, new technologies such as electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, advanced power management, 
advances  in  consumer  electronics,  5G  communications,  and  IoT  will  help  to  drive  future  growth.  Electronic  equipment  continues  to  become  more  complex,  yet  end  users 
demand smaller, lighter and less expensive devices. This trend, in turn, requires increased performance and reduced cost of ownership requirements of electronic assemblies, 
printed  circuit  boards  and  semiconductors.  In  response  to  these  developments,  manufacturers  are  increasingly  employing  more  sophisticated  production  and  assembly 
techniques requiring more advanced manufacturing equipment, such as that supplied by our subsidiary, BTU.

Although the semiconductor market has experienced significant growth over the past fifteen years, it remains cyclical by nature. The market is characterized by short-
term periods of under or over utilization of capacity for most semiconductors, including microprocessors, memory, power management chips and other logic devices.  When 
capacity  utilization  decreases  due  to  the  addition  of  excess  capacity,  semiconductor  manufacturers  typically  slow  their  purchasing  of  capital  equipment.  Conversely,  when 
capacity  utilization  increases,  so  does  capital  spending.  We  believe  the  continued  expansion  of  our  consumable  product  offerings,  primarily  in  our  Material  and  Substrate 
segment, will enable us to partially offset some of these cyclical effects.

SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS

Our furnace equipment is manufactured in our facilities in Massachusetts and China. The following paragraphs describe the products that comprise our current product 

lines in our semiconductor business:

Horizontal Diffusion Furnaces. Through Bruce Technologies, we produce and sell 200mm and 300mm horizontal diffusion and deposition furnaces. Our horizontal 
furnaces currently address several steps in the semiconductor manufacturing process, including diffusion, LPCVD, high temperature oxidation (used in silicon power chips), 
and annealing.

Our horizontal furnaces generally consist of three large modules: the load station, where the loading of the wafers occurs; the furnace section, which is comprised of 
one to four thermal reactor chambers; and the gas distribution cabinet, where the flow of gases into the reactor chambers is controlled and is often customized to meet the 
requirements of our customers’ particular processes. The horizontal furnaces utilize a combination of existing industry and proprietary technologies and are sold primarily to 
semiconductor customers. Our products are capable of processing all currently existing wafer sizes.

Continuous Thermal Processing Systems. Through BTU, we produce and sell thermal processing systems used in the solder reflow and curing stages of printed circuit 
board assembly as well as systems for the thermal processes used in advanced semiconductor packaging. Our printed circuit board assembly products are used primarily in the 
advanced, high-density segments of the market that utilize surface mount technology.

Flip-chip  reflow  provides  the  physical  and  electronic  bond  of  the  semiconductor  device  to  its  package.  Our  range  of  convection  reflow  systems,  utilizing  patented 

closed loop convection technology, are rated at up to 400°C 

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and  operate  in  air  or  nitrogen  atmospheres.  These  products  are  manufactured  at  our  ISO  9001:2015  certified  facility  in  Shanghai,  China  and  utilize  forced  impingement 
convection  technology  to  transfer  heat  to  the  substrate.  Using  configurable  heating  elements  of  up  to  eight  kilowatts,  they  can  process  substrates  in  dual  lane,  dual  speed 
configurations,  thereby  enabling  our  customers  to  double  production  without  increasing  the  machine’s  footprint.  These  products  are  available  in  four  models  based  on  the 
heated lengths of thermal processing chambers. Heated length is based on the required production rate and loading requirements.

High-Temperature  Belt  Furnace.    We  also  produce  and  sell  custom,  high-temperature  belt  furnaces,  which  have  been  manufactured  in  Massachusetts  for  over  six 
decades with ISO 9001:2015 quality certification safe-guarding that each unit is subject to exacting build and test criteria.  These furnaces operate at temperatures up to 1200°C 
and are capable of processing in controlled atmospheres, such as nitrogen, argon and hydrogen.  Applications include DBC, furnace brazing, annealing, glass to metal sealing, 
sintering and heat-treating for diverse markets including automotive, semiconductor, LED and medical.

Aqua  Scrub  Flux  Management.    In  2021,  we  began  offering  our  Aqua  Scrub  Flux  Management  technology.    The  system  continuously  extracts  flux-laden  oven 
atmosphere from the reflow oven process chamber which is then passed through the Aqua Scrub system removing flux and returning clean atmosphere back to the reflow oven 
chamber. The aqueous-based scrubbing solution utilizes commonly available detergents for the rinse agent concentrate making it environmentally friendly. The system can be 
easily retrofitted to existing reflow ovens in the field due to its stand-alone design and small footprint.

FUTURE SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS

The following paragraphs describe products currently in the final stages of development that we expect to begin offering to customers during fiscal year 2022 as part of 

our Semiconductor product lines:

Reflow.  Our BTU division has begun a project to replace the current Pyramax reflow product with a next-generation platform.  This updated platform will address 
areas of the market not currently served by the Pyramax line and provide existing customers with additional enhancements and capabilities.  This next-generation platform will 
be launched in fiscal 2022 with full production commencing in 2023.

Selective Soldering.  In March 2021, BTU entered into a distribution agreement with Hentec Industries, making BTU the exclusive distributor for Hentec products in 

Asia.  BTU’s primary focus will be on the Hentec selective soldering product lines.

APEX Software.    Our  horizontal  diffusion  furnaces  utilize  a  supervisory  software  system  called  APEX.    In  2020,  we  embarked  on  a  project  to  replace  the  current 
version, as it runs on a Unix operating system.  This updated version will run on a Windows operating system and provide several new enhancements to our horizontal diffusion 
product line.  This version will also provide an upgrade option for our existing base of customers.

MATERIAL AND SUBSTRATE PRODUCTS

Our  Material  and  Substrate  segment  manufactures  the  products  described  below  in  Pennsylvania  and  Connecticut  and  sells  them  under  our  PR  Hoffman  and 

Intersurface Dynamics brand names.

Substrate Carriers.  We manufacture carriers in a variety of sizes and materials.  Sizes range from 3 to 38 inches in diameter using a variety of special steels, laminates 
and  extruded  polymer  raw  materials.    Silicon  wafers,  compound  semiconductor  wafers,  and  large  optics  require  these  special  insert  carriers.    These  carriers  combine  the 
strength of hardened steel as the processing backbone with a softer plastic material in the work holes known as an insert.  Inserts are permanently molded into the work holes 
via a pressurized process.  These inserted work holes provide smoother processing, improved wafer total thickness variation (TTV) and improved wafer edge quality.  Insert 
carriers  are  available  for  all  wafer  sizes  from  75mm  to  450mm  and  can  be  made  from  hardened  and  tempered  carbon  steel  or  specialized  stainless  steel  when  metal 
contamination  is  a  processing  concern.    Insert  carriers  are  widely  accepted  as  the  industry  solution  for  both  prime  wafer  and  reclaim  wafer  manufacturers  when  dual  sided 
lapping or polishing are utilized in their front-end wafer process.

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Substrate Polishing Templates. Our polishing templates are used to securely hold silicon carbide, silicon, sapphire or other wafer materials in place during single-sided 
wax-free polishing processes. Polishing templates are customized for specific applications and are manufactured to extremely tight tolerances. We offer a variety of options to 
provide the best solution for each specific process. Polishing templates are manufactured for all brands of tools and virtually any wax-free customer process. Critical front-end 
wafer surface specifications are finalized during the polishing process.

Double-Sided Lapping and Polishing Machines. Double-sided lapping and polishing machines are designed to process materials such as silicon wafers, sapphire and 
other wafer-like materials, precision optics, computer disks, ceramic components, specialty metal products to exact tolerances of thickness, flatness, parallelism and surface 
finish. On average, we believe that we offer our surface processing systems with a lower cost of ownership than systems offered by our competitors.  We target the compound 
substrate, semiconductor, optical sapphire, glass, quartz, ceramics, medical, computer disk and metal-working markets.

Substrate  Process  Chemicals.  Through  Intersurface  Dynamics,  we  produce  and  sell  substrate  process  chemicals  which  are  used  to  achieve  specific  surface 
morphologies on a variety of materials. Our substrate process chemical customers include some of the world's largest manufacturers of semiconductor devices, silicon wafers, 
precision  optics,  ophthalmic  lens,  advanced  displays  and  flat  glass.  We  offer  four  different  product  lines:  Tensor  Series  Products,  Vector  Series  Products,  Challenge  Series 
Products and Big Blue Products. Tensor Series Products are used by manufacturers of integrated circuits in applications such as cleaning, etching, dicing and CMP. Vector 
Series  Products  were  designed  specifically  for  grinding,  sawing,  lapping,  cleaning,  etching  and  polishing  semiconductor  materials  such  as  silicon  wafers.  Challenge  Series 
Products address similar processes for manufacturers of precision optics, technical ceramics and advanced displays helping to achieve optimum yields. Big Blue Products are 
economical and easy to use, assuring quick, efficient manufacturing of flat glass and mirror products.

FUTURE MATERIAL AND SUBSTRATE PRODUCTS

The following paragraphs describe products currently in the final stages of development that we expect to begin offering to customers during fiscal year 2022 as part of 

our Material and Substrate product lines:

Single-Sided Polisher.  We have developed a new single-side batch polisher to specifically to address the challenges in polishing compound semiconductor substrates, 
such as silicon carbide.  Silicon carbide material is much harder than traditional silicon and requires additional capabilities not found on existing batch polishing systems in the 
market.    Our  single-side  polishing  equipment  was  designed  to  handle  SiC  wafers  with  a  low  cost  of  ownership  and  has  enhanced  throughput  and  cost  of  ownership  when 
compared to single wafer CMP systems.

Double-Sided Polisher.  The double-sided polisher is the newest evolution of our lapping and polishing systems with the capacity to handle 8-inch wafers, representing 
a  25%  increase  over  our  next  largest  tool.      In  addition,  several  enhancements  have  been  added  to  provide  our  customers  the  ability  to  use  the  system  for  compound 
semiconductor substrates such as silicon carbide.  True 4-way planetary motion allows us to increase material removal rate and provide better flatness. We designed this new 
system with increased downforce to provide the necessary pressure when lapping or polishing compound semiconductors.  There are also other enhancements, such as chilled 
base plates to keep the system at lower temperatures during the processing cycles.

MANUFACTURING, RAW MATERIALS AND SUPPLY CHAIN 

Our semiconductor manufacturing activities consist primarily of engineering design to meet specific and evolving customer needs and procurement and assembly of 

various commercial and proprietary components into finished thermal processing systems in North Billerica, Massachusetts and Shanghai, China.

Our  manufacturing  activities  in  the  polishing  business  include  laser-cutting  and  other  fabrication  steps  in  producing  lapping  and  polishing  consumables,  including 
carriers, templates, gears, wear items and spare parts in  our ISO 9001:2015 certified facility in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, from raw materials manufactured to our specifications 
by our suppliers. These products are engineered and designed for specific applications and to meet the increasingly tight tolerances required by our customers.  Many items, 
such as proprietary components for our semiconductor equipment and lapping plates, are purchased from suppliers who manufacture these items to our specifications.

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Final  assembly  and  tests  of  our  manufactured  equipment  and  machines  are  performed  within  our  manufacturing  facilities.  Quality  control  is  maintained  through 
inspection of incoming materials and components, in-process inspection during equipment assembly, testing of assemblies and final inspection and, when practical, operation of 
manufactured equipment prior to shipment.

Since  much  of  our  polishing  supplies  know-how  relates  to  the  manufacture  of  these  products,  our  Carlisle  facility  is  equipped  to  perform  a  significantly  higher 
percentage of the fabrication steps required in the production of its products. However, injection molding for our insert carriers and the manufacture of raw cast iron plates and 
machine motors are subcontracted out to various third parties. Our polishing supplies business relies on key suppliers for certain materials, including specialized steel mills in 
Germany and Japan, an injection molding machine, a single-sourced pad supplier from Japan and an adhesive manufacturer. To minimize the risk of production and service 
interruptions and/or shortages of key parts, we seek to maintain appropriate inventory levels of key raw materials and parts.

Beginning in 2019 and throughout 2020 and 2021, we experienced increased lead-times for various parts and services across both our operating segments.  In response 
to these increased lead-times, we have increased the amount of on-hand inventory and purchase order commitments related to long lead-time items. We have also increased on-
hand inventory of certain parts as part of a strategy to mitigate supply chain risk, primarily at our operations in China, due to the trade and tariff environment between China 
and the United States.  Despite these strategic increases, there can be no assurance that we will have enough inventory on-hand at the time we receive orders and that we will 
not incur delays in production time. Additionally, we may order items prior to receiving a customer order, which could result in increased inventory reserve expenses.

During 2021, we were also affected by the global shipping container shortage, which resulted in logistical challenges primarily related to shipments to and from China 
and, to a lesser extent, in other geographies including the U.S. and Europe.  These challenges led to shipment delays to our customers as well as increased freight charges for 
both customer and vendor shipments.  We expect these shipping trends to continue into fiscal 2022.

CUSTOMERS AND SEASONALITY

Our customers are primarily manufacturers of semiconductor substrates and devices and electronic assemblies.  Additionally, our Material and Substrate segment also 
serves customers in the ceramics and optics industries.   During 2021, 73% of our net revenue came from customers outside of North America. This group represented 65% of 
revenues in 2020.  In 2021, net revenue was distributed among customers in different geographic regions as follows: North/South America 27% (22% of which is in the United 
States), Asia 58% (including 29% in China, 15% in Taiwan and 3% in Malaysia) and 15% in Europe.  Two Semiconductor customers accounted for 14% and 13% of our net 
revenues in 2021.  In 2020, one Semiconductor customer accounted for 11% of our net revenues.

Our business is not seasonal in nature, but is cyclical based on the capital equipment investment patterns of semiconductor manufacturers. These expenditure patterns 
are based on many factors, including capacity utilization, anticipated demand, the development of new technologies and global and regional economic conditions.  Historically, 
these cycles typically last between 10-17 quarters, with each complete cycle made up of a contraction phase of about 4-6 quarters, followed by an expansion phase of roughly 
6-11 quarters.

SALES AND MARKETING

Due to the highly technical nature of our products, we market our products primarily by direct customer contact through our sales personnel and through a network of 
domestic and international independent sales representatives and distributors that specialize in semiconductor equipment and supplies. Our promotional activities include direct 
sales contacts, participation in trade shows, advertising in trade magazines and digital marketing including website SEO and pay-per-click advertising.

We use a mix of direct sales, representatives and distributors globally.  Manufacturer representatives provide sales coverage in specific geographic regions and are paid 
a commission when products are sold.  Sales to distributors are generally on terms comparable to sales to end-user customers, as our distributors generally quote their customers 

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
after first obtaining a quote from us and have an order from the end-user before placing an order with us. Our sales to distributors are not contingent on their future sales and do 
not include a general right of return. Historically, returns have been rare. Distributors of our semiconductor equipment do not stock a significant amount of our products, as the 
inventory they hold is generally limited to parts needed to provide timely repairs to customers.  Our manufacturer representatives and distributors are closely managed by our 
global sales team.

Historically,  each  of  our  segments  have  been  responsible  for  their  own  sales  and  marketing  activities,  including  managing  sales  personnel  and  representative  and 
distributor relationships, however, as we continue to refocus and grow our organization, we are developing opportunities for increased collaboration and teamwork across our 
divisions.  These cross-segment collaboration opportunities will continue to be a focus at all levels and departments of the organization, as we believe they can lead to greater 
efficiencies while reducing operating costs.  These efforts are further coordinated by our Vice President of Sales and Customer Service, who oversees all sales and marketing 
activities at each division.

RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING

The  markets  we  serve  are  characterized  by  rapidly-evolving  industry  standards  and  technological  change.  To  compete  effectively,  we  must  continually  maintain  or 
exceed the pace of such change by improving our products and our process technologies and by developing new technologies and products that are competitive based on price 
and  performance.  To  assure  that  these  technologies  and  products  address  current  and  future  customer  requirements,  we  obtain  as  much  customer  cooperation  and  input  as 
possible, thus increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of our research and development efforts. In addition, we look for strategic acquisitions, that will provide us with new 
technologies to compete effectively in the markets in which we operate.  

RD&E  expenses  may  vary  from  period  to  period  depending  on  the  engineering  projects  in  process.    Expenses  related  to  engineers  working  on  strategic  projects  or 
sustaining  engineering  projects  are  recorded  in  RD&E.    However,  from  time  to  time  we  add  functionality  to  our  products  or  develop  new  products  during  engineering  and 
manufacturing to fulfill specifications in a customer’s order, in which case the cost of development, along with other costs of the order, are charged to cost of goods sold. 

We periodically receive research grants for research and development of products, which are netted against our research, development and engineering costs.  In 2021, 
2020 and 2019, we recorded RD&E expense of $6.0 million, $3.3 million and $3.1 million, respectively.  We plan to continue to develop new products and also to invest in 
upgrades to existing products to stay competitive in the markets we serve.  As a result, we saw increased RD&E expenses in 2021 and expect to continue to increase our capital 
expenditures and RD&E expenses in fiscal 2022 and beyond for these upgrades as well as for the development of specific new products.  As a result of these RD&E efforts, we 
expect to introduce several new products as well as upgraded products during fiscal 2022.

COMPETITION

We compete in several distinct equipment markets for semiconductor devices, semiconductor substrates, MEMS, semiconductor packaging, and electronics assembly, 
as well as the markets for supplies used in power semiconductor applications. Each of these markets is highly competitive. Our ability to compete depends on our ability to 
continually  improve  our  products,  processes  and  services,  as  well  as  our  ability  to  develop  new  products  that  meet  constantly  evolving  customer  requirements.  Significant 
competitive factors for succeeding in these markets include the product’s technical capability, productivity, cost-effectiveness, overall reliability, ease of use and maintenance, 
contamination and defect control and the level of technical service and support.

The Semiconductor and MEMS Markets. Equipment produced by our Semiconductor operating segment primarily competes with those produced by other original 
equipment manufacturers. Some of these manufacturers are well-established firms that are much larger and have substantially greater financial and other resources than we 
have with which to pursue development, engineering, manufacturing, marketing and distribution of their products. Additionally, these manufacturers may generally be better 
situated to withstand adverse economic or market conditions. Competitors of our horizontal diffusion furnaces include Centrotherm GmbH and CVD Equipment, Inc.

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our principal competitors for printed circuit board assembly equipment and advanced semiconductor packaging vary by product application. The principal competitors 
for solder reflow systems are ITW/EAE Vitronics-Soltec, Heller, Folungwin, ERSA, Shenzhen JT Automation Equipment Co., Ltd. and Rehm. The principal competitors for 
advanced  semiconductor  packaging  are  ITW/EAE  Vitronics-Soltec  and  Heller.  Our  in-line,  controlled  atmosphere  furnaces  compete  primarily  against  products  offered  by 
Centrotherm  and  SierraTherm/Schmid  Thermal  Systems.  We  also  face  competition  from  emerging  low-cost  Asian  manufacturers  and  other  established  European 
manufacturers.

Although price is a factor in buying decisions, we believe that technological leadership, process capability, throughput, safer designs, uptime, mean time-to-repair, cost 
of ownership and after-sale support have become increasingly important factors to purchasers of our products. As such, we believe we compete primarily on the basis of these 
criteria, rather than on the basis of price alone.

General Industrial Lapping and Polishing Machines, Supplies and Semiconductor Substrate Markets. Our Material and Substrate operating segment experiences 
price competition for wafer carriers from foreign manufacturers for which there is very little publicly available information. As a result, we are intensifying our efforts to reduce 
the cost of our carriers and will continue to compete with other manufacturers of carriers by continuing to update our product line to keep pace with the rapid changes in our 
customers’ requirements and by providing a high level of quality and customer service. We produce steel carriers, including insert carriers, on advanced laser-cutting tools, 
which reduces our costs and lead times and increases our control over quality.  Competitors of our lapping and polishing machines and supplies include Lapmaster Wolters, 
Speedfam Co. Ltd., Hamai Co., Ltd., Onse, Inc. and Eminess Technologies, Inc.  Our new single-sided polishing machine, to be introduced in fiscal 2022, will compete with 
products offered by Applied Materials, Inc. and Revasum, Inc.  However, we believe the automation options available with our machine will differentiate our product from 
others  in  the  market.    Our  strategy  to  enhance  our  sales  of  wafer  carriers  and  templates  includes  developing  new  applications  in  close  collaboration  with  our  customers, 
continuous improvement to our existing products and providing a high level of customer support and products that deliver greater value to our customers.  

The  competitive  landscape  in  the  substrate  process  chemical  industry  is  varied,  ranging  from  large  multinational  companies  to  small  regional  or  regionally-focused 
companies.    Intersurface  Dynamics  competes  with  much  larger  companies,  such  as  Entegris,  Inc.  and  Cabot.    Our  acquisition  of  Intersurface  Dynamics  coupled  with  PR 
Hoffman's product line allows us to be our customers' sole provider for their polishing processes, by providing the machinery, carriers, templates and slurry.  

HUMAN CAPITAL

The Amtech Values

Amtech  is  focused  on  growth:  company  growth  and  employee  growth.    To  encourage  that  growth,  Amtech’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer 

developed Amtech’s core values, which are communicated to employees on a regular basis.  These core values include the following:

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360° Accountability – Hold yourself and others accountable, even if they are at levels above you in the organization; accountability is not one direction.

Trust in Each Other – We can be confident in our expectations of each other in terms of performance, commitment and follow-through.

Sense of Urgency – We perform our work each day with a sense of immediate action and speed, without sacrificing quality.  We look for and resolve problems 
quickly and proactively.

Goal Oriented – Actions and work are driven by established goals, whether self-created or manager-driven.

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amtech’s Employees

Our management seeks to align employment levels with the needs of the business. We believe we have the appropriate human capital resources to successfully operate 
and execute our strategy.  As of September 30, 2021, we employed 296 people. We also employ individuals on a temporary full-time basis and use the services of contractors as 
necessary.  Of  our  296  total  employees,  36%  were  engaged  in  manufacturing,  18%  were  engaged  in  sales  and  service,  15%  were  engaged  in  research,  development  and 
engineering, and 31% were engaged in other roles. Our employees were based out of the following locations:

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Tempe, Arizona corporate offices — 8

Bethel, Connecticut manufacturing plant — 5

N. Billerica, Massachusetts manufacturing plant — 91

Carlisle, Pennsylvania manufacturing plant — 40

Shanghai, China manufacturing plant — 137

Other Asia-Pacific offices — 7

United Kingdom office — 8

Of the 40 people employed at our Carlisle, Pennsylvania facility, 18 were represented by the United Auto Workers Union - Local 1443. We have a three-year agreement 
with this union, which expires on September 30, 2022.  We expect this agreement to be renewed prior to expiration. We have never experienced a work stoppage or strike, and 
other than employees at the Carlisle facility, no other employees are represented by a union. At select business units, we have hired certain highly specialized employees under 
employment contracts that specify a term of employment, pay and other benefits. We consider our employee relations to be good.

Talent Acquisition and Retention

The future growth and success of our company largely depends on our ability to attract, train and retain qualified professionals. As part of our effort to do so, we offer 
competitive rewards, compensation and benefits, including an employee equity award program, performance-based bonuses, health and wellness benefits, retirement benefits, 
flexible schedules and holiday and paid time off. We understand that effective compensation and benefits programs are important in retaining high-performing and qualified 
individuals. Management is currently working with a consulting firm to study the competitiveness of our compensation programs for non-executive employees relative to their 
roles and responsibilities and the geographies they work in. Additionally, we continue to assess our healthcare and retirement benefits each year in order to provide competitive 
benefits to our employees.

We know that retention of high-performing employees benefits us and our customers. We are committed to helping our employees develop in their careers and thrive 
within the company. Management provides regular performance reviews to ensure our employees are receiving timely and constructive feedback, as well as rewards based on 
their performance. These performance reviews also assess each employee’s performance as it relates to Amtech’s Values.  We believe these programs and efforts contribute to 
attracting and retaining a talented and driven workforce.

Turnover

In  2021,  our  total  employee  turnover  was  14.9%,  of  which  approximately  75.0%  was  voluntary.  Approximately  18.2%  of  voluntary  turnover  were  employees  that 
retired from the workforce.  The average tenure of our employees is approximately 10.5 years and approximately 48.5% of our employees have been employed with us for 
more than 10 years.

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

Amtech is dedicated to building a diverse workforce, fostering a culture built on the principle of inclusion, and maintaining a workplace free from discrimination. We 
strongly  believe  that  a  diversity  of  experience,  perspectives  and  backgrounds  will  lead  to  a  better  environment  for  our  employees  and  better  products  and  service  for  our 
customers. 

15

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Amtech’s commitment to diversity covers our Board of Directors, our leadership team and all teams and functions across our global locations. 

Health and Safety

It is our highest priority to keep our employees, customers and suppliers safe. We provide our employees with ongoing safety training to ensure safety policies and 

procedures are communicated and implemented in an effective and timely manner. 

During the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, it is and has been our top priority to protect the safety and well-being of our employees and their families, our customers and 
our  communities.  Our  commitment  to  this  was  evidenced  by  our  response  to  the  pandemic.  We  implemented  work-from-home  options  for  all  our  office  personnel,  where 
possible, and added additional shifts to reduce personnel in the building.  Additionally, at our facilities, we followed enhanced safety and health protocols, including performing 
health checks and temperature screenings, practicing social distancing, providing personal protective equipment and increasing facility cleanings.

PATENTS 

The following table shows our material patents and the expiration date of each patent:

Product
IBAL (Individual Boats with Automated Loading) Model S-300
Ultrafast gas bearing-based reactive ion etching
Modular furnace system
Convection furnace thermal profile enhancement
Lapping machine adjustable mechanism
RFID-containing carriers used for silicon wafer quality
Polishing machine wafer holder
Wafer Boat Elevator System and Method

Countries

Expiration Date or
Pending Approval

  United States
  Europe
  United States
  United States
  Various
  United States
  Various
  United States

  Various
  2030
  2021
  2023
  2027
  2030
  2037
  2021

To our knowledge, there are currently no pending lawsuits against us regarding infringement of any existing patents or other intellectual property rights or any material 

unresolved claims made by third parties that allege we are infringing the intellectual property rights of such third parties.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

We file our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, and other documents (including registration 
statements) with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or the Securities Act of 1933, as applicable. Our SEC filings are available to the public on the SEC’s 
website at www.sec.gov and through The Nasdaq Global Select Market, 165 Broadway, New York, New York 10006, on which our common stock is listed.

AMTECH WEBSITE

In addition to the information contained in this Report, extensive information about Amtech can be found at www.amtechsystems.com, including information about our 
management team, products and services, and corporate governance practices.  The corporate governance information on our website includes our Code of Conduct and the 
charters  for  each  of  the  committees  of  the  Board.  In  addition,  amendments  to  these  documents  and  waivers  granted  to  directors  and  executive  officers  under  the  Code  of 
Conduct, if any, will be posted in this area of the website. In addition, our filings with the SEC, as well as Section 16 filings made by any of our executive officers or directors 
with respect to Amtech's common stock, are available free of charge on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after the filing is electronically filed with, or furnished to, 
the SEC.

These details about our website and its content are only for information. The contents of our website are not, nor shall they be deemed to be, incorporated by reference 

in this Report.

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ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS

There are many factors that affect our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows, as well as the market price for our securities. The following is a 
description of important factors that may cause our actual results of operations in future periods to differ materially from those currently expected or discussed in forward-
looking  statements  set  forth  in  this  Report.  The  risks  and  uncertainties  described  below  are  not  the  only  risks  we  face.  We  operate  in  a  continually  changing  business 
environment. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we may currently deem immaterial also may impair our business operations. Forward-looking 
statements and such risks, uncertainties and other factors speak only as of the date of this Report, and we expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to update or revise 
any forward-looking statement contained herein, to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto, or any other change in events, conditions or circumstances on 
which any such statement is based, except to the extent otherwise required by law. The following risk factors should be read in conjunction with the other information and risks 
set forth herein. See "Forward Looking Statements."

Risks Related to the Semiconductor Industry

There is ongoing volatility in the semiconductor equipment industry.

The semiconductor equipment industry is highly cyclical and volatile. As such, demand for, and the profitability of, our products can change significantly from period 

to period as a result of numerous factors, including the following:

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changes in global and regional economic conditions;
the shift of semiconductor production to Asia, where there often is increased price competition;
tariffs, quotas and international trade barriers;
changes in capacity utilization and production volume of manufacturers of semiconductors, silicon wafers and MEMS;
the profitability and capital resources of those manufacturers; and
challenges associated with marketing and selling manufacturing equipment and services to a diverse and diffuse customer base.

The purchasing decisions of our customers are highly dependent on their capacity utilization, which changes when new facilities are put into production and with the 
level of demand for our products, as well as our customers’ capital expenditure budgets.  Purchasing decisions are also impacted by changes in the economies of the countries 
served by our customers, as well as the state of the worldwide industries in which we operate or expect to operate in the future. The timing, length and severity of the up-and-
down  cycles  in  the  semiconductor  equipment  industry  are  difficult  to  predict.  Additionally,  we  generally  experience  a  one-to-two  quarter  lag  between  upturns/downturns 
experienced by larger equipment manufacturers.

When cyclical fluctuations result in lower than expected revenue levels, our operating results are adversely affected.  Cost reduction measures may be necessary in 
order for us to remain competitive and financially sound. During a down cycle, our operating results may be adversely affected if we are unable to make timely adjustments to 
our cost and expense structure to correspond to the prevailing market conditions; effectively manage the supply chain; and motivate and retain key employees. In addition, 
during periods of rapid growth, our operating results may be adversely affected if we are unable to increase manufacturing capacity and personnel to meet customer demand, 
which may require additional liquidity. We can provide no assurance that we can timely and effectively respond to the industry cycles, and our failure to do so could have a 
material adverse effect on our business.

The semiconductor equipment industry is highly competitive and, because we are relatively small in size and have fewer financial and other resources compared to our 
competitors, we may not be able to compete successfully with them.

Our  industry  includes  large  manufacturers  with  substantial  resources  to  support  customers  worldwide.  Our  future  performance  depends,  in  part,  upon  our  ability  to 
continue  to  compete  successfully  in  these  markets.  Some  of  our  competitors  are  diversified  companies  with  extensive  financial  resources  and  research,  engineering, 
manufacturing, marketing and customer service and support capabilities that are greater than ours. We face 

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competition from companies whose strategy is to provide a broad array of products, some of which compete with the products and services we offer. These competitors may 
bundle  their  products  in  a  manner  that  discourages  customers  from  purchasing  our  products.  In  addition,  we  face  competition  from  emerging  semiconductor  equipment 
companies whose strategy is to provide a portion of the products and services that we offer often at a lower price than ours and use innovative technology to sell products into 
specialized markets. We also face competition from Chinese equipment manufacturers that may receive greater support than we do from Chinese customers and governmental 
agencies because they are locally based. In addition, our local Chinese competitors may offer lower prices and more liberal payment terms than ours.  Loss of our competitive 
position  due  to  any  of  these  factors  could  impair  our  prices,  customer  orders,  revenue,  gross  margin  and  market  share,  any  of  which  would  negatively  affect  our  business, 
financial position and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Business and Our Operations

Business interruptions, including those related to the novel strain of the coronavirus (COVID-19), have had an adverse impact on our operations, including among others, 
our manufacturing and supply chain, sales and product development and could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations in 
future periods.

The  World  Health  Organization  declared  the  outbreak  of  COVID-19  as  a  “pandemic,”  or  a  worldwide  spread  of  a  new  disease,  on  March  11,  2020.  The  outbreak 
resulted in government authorities and businesses throughout the world implementing numerous measures intended to contain and limit the spread of COVID-19, including 
travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, “shelter-in-place” and lock-down orders, and business limitations and shutdowns. These measures have negatively impacted consumer 
and  business  spending  generally  and  have  significantly  contributed  to  deteriorating  macroeconomic  conditions.    While  governments  around  the  world  have  taken  steps  to 
attempt to mitigate some of the more severe anticipated economic effects of COVID-19, there can be no assurance that such steps will be effective or achieve their desired 
results in a timely fashion.

While we continue to monitor and assess the impact on our business from the spread of COVID-19 and related new strains and the ever evolving actions implemented 
by governments across the globe, our global operations have returned to normal. The degree to which the coronavirus impacts our future business and operations will depend on 
future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted with confidence, including the duration, spread and severity of the outbreak, new information which 
may emerge concerning the severity of the coronavirus and the actions to contain the coronavirus or treat its impact, among others. In particular, the continued spread and/or 
resurgence of the coronavirus globally and/or the emergence of new strains of the coronavirus, such as the Delta variant, could result in a widespread health crisis and/or change 
in consumer behavior that could adversely affect the global economy and financial markets, resulting in an economic downturn, and could also adversely impact our operations, 
including,  without  limitation,  our  manufacturing  and  supply  chain,  sales  and  product  development  operations,  particularly  our  prospective  sales  if  the  Semiconductor  and 
Material and Substrate business segments we seek to serve suffer long-term damage.  Such an economic downturn could have an adverse impact on the successful and timely 
implementation  of  our  strategic  growth  plan  and  on  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  We  are  similarly  unable  to  predict  the  extent  to  which  the 
pandemic impacts our customers, suppliers and other partners and their financial conditions, but adverse effects on these parties could also adversely affect us.

Finally, the impact of COVID-19 can also exacerbate other risks discussed in this Risk Factors section and throughout this report, which could in turn have a material 
adverse effect on us.  Developments related to COVID-19 have been unpredictable, and additional impacts and risks may arise that we are not aware of or able to respond to 
appropriately.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flows or obtain access to external financing necessary to fund existing operations and planned expansions.

Cash flows may be insufficient to provide adequate working capital in the future and we may require additional financing for further implementation of our growth 
plans.  There  is  no  assurance  that  any  additional  financing  will  be  available  if  and  when  required,  or,  even  if  available,  that  it  would  not  materially  dilute  the  ownership 
percentage of our then existing shareholders, result in increased expenses or result in covenants or special rights that would restrict our operations.

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We may not be able to manage our business successfully through severe business cycles.

We  may  be  unable  to  successfully  expand  or  contract  our  business  to  meet  fluctuating  demands.  Market  fluctuations  place  significant  strain  on  our  management, 

personnel, systems and resources. To successfully manage our growth through such market fluctuations, we believe we must effectively:

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maintain the appropriate number and mix of permanent, part-time, temporary and contract employees to meet the fluctuating demand for our products;
train,  integrate  and  manage  personnel,  particularly  process  engineers,  field  service  engineers,  sales  and  marketing  personnel,  and  financial  and  information 
technology personnel to maintain and improve skills and morale;
retain key management and augment our management team, particularly if we lose key members;
continue to enhance our customer resource and manufacturing management systems to maintain high levels of customer satisfaction and efficiencies, including 
inventory control;
implement and improve existing and new administrative, financial and operations systems, procedures and controls;
expand and upgrade our technological capabilities; and
manage multiple relationships with our customers, suppliers and other third parties.

We may encounter difficulties in effectively managing the budgeting, forecasting and other process control issues presented by rapidly changing business cycles. If we 
are unable to manage these cycles effectively, we may not be able to take advantage of market opportunities, develop new technologies and other products, satisfy customer 
requirements, execute our business plan or respond to competitive pressures.

Our inability to attract, train and retain effective employees and management could harm our business.

Our success depends upon the continued contributions of our executive officers and certain other employees, many of whom have many years of experience with us and 
would be extremely difficult to replace. We must also attract and retain experienced and highly skilled engineering, sales and marketing and managerial personnel. Competition 
for qualified personnel is intense in our industry, and we may not be successful in hiring and retaining these people. If we lost the services of our executive officers or our other 
highly qualified and experienced employees or cannot attract and retain other qualified personnel, our business could suffer through less effective management due to loss of 
accumulated knowledge of our business or through less successful products due to a reduced ability to design, manufacture and market our products.

Acquisitions can result in an increase in our operating costs, divert management’s attention away from other operational matters and expose us to other risks.

We continually evaluate potential acquisitions and consider acquisitions an important part of our future growth strategy. In the past, we have made acquisitions of, or 
significant  investments  in,  other  businesses  with  synergistic  products,  services  and  technologies  and  plan  to  continue  to  do  so  in  the  future.  Acquisitions  involve  numerous 
risks, including, but not limited to:

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difficulties and increased costs in connection with integration of geographically diverse personnel, operations, technologies and products;
disruption of our ongoing operations and diversion of management’s attention from other operational matters;
the potential loss of our key employees and the key employees of acquired companies or difficulty in integrating employees;
the potential loss of our key customers and suppliers and the key customers and suppliers of acquired companies;
disagreement with joint venture or strategic alliance partners; 
failure to comply with laws and regulations as well as industry or technical standards of the overseas markets into which we expand;

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our inability to achieve the intended cost efficiency, level of profitability or other intended strategic goals for the acquisitions, strategic investments, joint ventures 
or other strategic alliances;
lack of synergy, or inability to realize expected synergies, resulting from the acquisition;
the likelihood that the issuance of our common stock, if any, in an acquisition or merger could be dilutive to our existing shareholders;
impairment of acquired assets as a result of technological advancements or worse-than-expected performance of the acquired company;
inability  to  complete  proposed  transactions  as  anticipated  or  at  all  and  any  ensuing  obligation  to  pay  a  termination  fee  and  any  other  associated  transaction 
expenses;
the potential impact of the announcement or consummation of a proposed transaction on relationships with third parties;
potential changes in our credit rating, which could adversely impact our access to and cost of capital;
potential litigation that may arise in connection with an acquisition;
reductions in cash balances and/or increases in debt obligations to finance activities associated with a transaction, which reduce the availability of cash flow for 
general corporate or other purposes;
inadequacy or ineffectiveness of an acquired company’s internal financial controls, disclosure controls and procedures, and/or environmental, health and safety, 
anti-corruption, human resource or other policies or practices; and
unknown, underestimated and/or undisclosed commitments or liabilities and other risks associated with acquired businesses or assets.

Any  of  these  risks  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  results  of  operations,  financial  condition,  or  cash  flows,  particularly  in  the  case  of  a  large 
acquisition.  Moreover, our resources are limited and our decision to pursue a transaction has opportunity costs; accordingly, if we pursue a particular transaction, we may need 
to forgo the prospect of entering into other transactions that could help us achieve our financial or strategic objectives.  No assurance can be given that we will be able to 
successfully complete future strategic acquisitions if we cannot reach agreement on acceptable terms or for other reasons.  We may have to incur debt, issue equity securities or 
a combination of the foregoing to pay for any future acquisitions, the issuance of which could involve the imposition of restrictive covenants or be dilutive to our existing 
shareholders.

Our reliance on sales to a few major customers, often on credit terms, places us at financial risk.

We currently sell to a relatively small number of customers and expect to do so for the foreseeable future.  Therefore, our operating results depend on the ability of 
these customers to sell products that require our equipment in their manufacture. Many of our customer relationships have developed over a short period of time and certain 
ones are in the early stages of development. The loss of sales to any of these customers would have a significant negative impact on our business. Additionally, our customers 
may cancel their agreements with us if we fail to meet certain product specifications, materially breach agreements or encounter insolvency or bankruptcy.  They also may seek 
to renegotiate the terms of current agreements or renewals. We cannot be certain our existing customers will generate significant revenue for us in the future or that these new 
customer relationships will continue to develop. If we are unable to maintain or expand our customer base, we may not be able to maintain or increase our revenue.  

In addition to having a relatively limited number of customers, we manufacture a limited number of products for each of our customers. If we lose any of our largest 
customers (as we have in the past from time to time), experience a significant reduction in sales to any such customers or no longer manufacture a particular product line for 
one of our largest customers, we would experience a significant reduction in our revenue.

As of September 30, 2021, one Semiconductor customer individually represented 14% of our accounts receivable.  A concentration of our receivables from one or a 
small number of customers places us at risk. In such a scenario, a significant change in the liquidity or financial position of any of our customers that purchase large systems 
could have a material impact on the collectability of our accounts receivable and our future operating results. We attempt to manage this credit risk by requiring significant 
partial payments prior to shipment, where appropriate, and by actively monitoring collections. We also require letters of credit from certain customers depending on the size of 
the  order,  type  of  customer  or  its  creditworthiness  and  its  country  of  domicile.  Our  major  customers  may  seek  and,  on  occasion,  may  receive  pricing,  payment  or  other 
commercial terms that are less favorable to us than the current terms 

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we customarily obtain.  If any one or more of our major customers were to seek to re-negotiate their agreements on more favorable terms, or not pay us or continue business 
with us, it could adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations.

Our customers could cancel or fail to accept a large system order.

Our backlog includes orders for large systems, such as our horizontal diffusion furnaces, with system prices of up to and in excess of $1.0 million, depending on the 
system configuration, options and any special requirements of the customer.  Some orders include multiple systems.  Because our orders are typically subject to cancellation or 
delay by the customer, our backlog at any particular point in time is not necessarily representative of actual sales for succeeding periods. Our financial position and results of 
operations could be materially and adversely affected should any large systems order be canceled prior to shipment or not be accepted by the customer. Cancellations may result 
in inventory that we may not be able to sell or reuse if those products have been tailored for a specific customer’s requirements and cannot then be sold without significant 
incremental cost. We have experienced cancellations in the past. We cannot provide any assurance that we will realize revenue or profit from our backlog.

Manufacturing interruptions or delays could affect our ability to meet customer demand and lead to higher costs.

Our business depends on timely supply of equipment, services and related products that meet the rapidly changing technical and volume requirements of our customers. 
Some key parts to our products are subject to long lead times and/or are obtainable only from a single supplier or limited group of suppliers. Cyclical industry conditions and 
the volatility of demand for manufacturing equipment increase capital, technical, operational and other risks for us and for companies throughout our supply chain. Further, 
these conditions may cause some suppliers to scale back operations, exit businesses, merge with other companies, file for bankruptcy protection or possibly cease operations. 
We  also  may  experience  significant  interruptions  of  our  manufacturing  operations,  delays  in  our  ability  to  deliver  products  or  services,  increased  costs  or  customer  order 
cancellations as a result of any of the following:

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the failure or inability of suppliers to timely deliver sufficient quantities of quality parts on a cost-effective and timely basis; 
volatility in the availability and cost of materials, including rare earth elements; 
difficulties or delays in obtaining required import or export approvals; 
information technology or infrastructure failures; and 
natural  disasters  or  other  events  beyond  our  control  (such  as  earthquakes,  floods  or  storms,  regional  economic  downturns,  pandemics,  social  unrest,  political 
instability, terrorism, or acts of war), particularly where we conduct manufacturing operations.

Because we depend on revenue from international customers, our business may be adversely affected by changes in the economies and policies of the countries or regions 
in which we do business.

In 2021, 73% of our net revenue came from customers outside of North America as follows:  Asia - 58%  (including China - 29%, Taiwan - 15% and Malaysia - 3%); 

and Europe - 15%.

Each geographic region in which we, our customers, and our suppliers operate exhibits unique characteristics that can cause capital equipment investment patterns to 
vary  significantly  from  period  to  period.  Our  business  and  results  of  operations  could  be  negatively  affected  by  periodic  local  or  international  economic  downturns,  trade 
balance issues and political, social and military instability in countries such as China, India, South Korea, Taiwan and possibly elsewhere.  In addition, we face competition 
from a number of suppliers based in Asia that have certain advantages over suppliers from outside of Asia.  These advantages include lower operating, shipping and regulatory 
costs, proximity to customers, favorable tariffs and other government policies that favor local suppliers.  Additionally, the marketing and sale of our products to international 
markets expose us to a number of risks, including the following:

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increased costs associated with maintaining the ability to understand the local markets and follow their trends and customs, as well as developing and maintaining 
an effective marketing and distributing presence;
limitations on our ability to require advance payments from our customers;

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difficulty in providing customer service and support in local markets;
difficulty in staffing and managing overseas operations;
longer sales cycles and collection periods;
fewer or weaker legal protections for our intellectual property rights;
failure to develop appropriate risk management and internal control structures tailored to overseas operations;
difficulty and costs relating to compliance with the different or changing commercial and legal requirements of our overseas markets; 
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange and interest rates;
failure to obtain or maintain certifications for our products or services in these markets; and
international trade barriers such as export requirements, tariffs, taxes and other restrictions and expenses.

Our business may be adversely affected by significant exchange rate fluctuations.

Though our business has not been materially affected in the past by currency fluctuations, there is a risk that it may be materially adversely affected in the future. Such 

risk includes possible losses due to currency exchange rate fluctuations, future prohibitions against repatriation of earnings, or proceeds from disposition of investments.

We are exposed to risks associated with an uncertain global economy.

Uncertain  global  economic  conditions  and  slowing  growth  in  China,  Europe  and  the  United  States,  along  with  difficulties  in  the  financial  markets,  national  debt 
concerns and government austerity measures in certain regions, pose challenges to the industries in which we operate. Related factors, including unemployment, inflation and 
fuel  prices,  exacerbate  negative  trends  in  business  and  consumer  spending  and  may  cause  our  customers  to  delay,  cancel,  or  refrain  from  placing  orders  for  equipment  or 
services.  These actions may, in turn, reduce our net sales, reduce backlog, and negatively affect our ability to convert backlog to sales. Uncertain market conditions, difficulties 
in obtaining capital, or reduced profitability also may cause some customers to scale back operations, exit businesses, merge with other manufacturers, or file for bankruptcy 
protection and potentially cease operations, which can result in lower sales and/or additional inventory or bad debt expense for us. These conditions may similarly affect key 
suppliers, impairing their ability to deliver parts and potentially causing delays or added costs for delivery of our products. In addition, these conditions may lead to strategic 
alliances  by,  or  consolidation  of,  other  equipment  manufacturers,  which  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  compete  effectively.  Uncertainty  about  future  economic  and 
industry conditions also makes it more challenging for us to forecast our operating results, make business decisions, and identify and prioritize the risks that may affect our 
businesses, sources and uses of cash, financial condition and results of operations. We may be required to implement additional cost reduction efforts, including restructuring 
activities, and/or modify our business model, which may adversely affect our ability to capitalize on opportunities in a market recovery. If we do not timely and appropriately 
adapt to changes resulting from these uncertain macroeconomic environment and industry conditions, or to difficulties in the financial markets, our business, financial condition 
and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

If we fail to maintain optimal inventory levels, our inventory obsolescence costs could increase, our liquidity could be significantly reduced or our revenue could decrease.

While we must maintain sufficient inventory levels to operate our business successfully, meet our customers’ demands, and mitigate the possible impact of supply chain 
issues, accumulating excess inventory may have a significant unfavorable impact on our operating results and financial condition. Changing customer demands, supplier lead 
times and uncertainty surrounding new product launches expose us to risks associated with excess inventory or shortages. Our products are manufactured using a wide variety 
of purchased parts and raw materials and we must maintain sufficient inventory levels to meet the demand for the products we sell, which can change rapidly and unexpectedly. 
During peak years of our business, increases in demand for capital equipment result in longer lead times for many important system components. Future increases in demand 
could cause delays in meeting shipments to our customers. Because of the variability and uniqueness of customer orders, we try to avoid maintaining an extensive inventory of 
materials for manufacturing. However, long lead times for important system components during industry upturns sometimes require us to carry higher levels of inventory and 
make larger purchase commitments than we otherwise would make. We may be unable to sell sufficient quantities of products in the event that market demand 

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changes, resulting in increased risk of excess inventory that could lead to obsolescence or reduced liquidity as we fulfill our purchase commitments. Conversely, if we do not 
have a sufficient inventory of a product to fulfill customer orders, we may lose orders or customers, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of 
operations. We may not be able to accurately predict market demand to avoid inventory shortages or build inventories and issue purchase commitments in excess of our current 
requirements.

Supplier  capacity  constraints,  supplier  production  disruptions,  supplier  quality  issues  or  price  increases  could  increase  our  operating  costs  and  adversely  impact  the 
competitive positions of our products.

We use numerous suppliers covering a wide range of materials and services in the production of our products including custom electronic and mechanical components.  
Key vendors include suppliers of controllers, quartz and silicon carbide for our diffusion systems, steel mills capable of producing the types of steel to the tolerances needed for 
our wafer carriers, an injection molding machine that molds plastic inserts into our steel carriers, an adhesive manufacturer that supplies the critical glue and a pad supplier that 
produces a unique material used in the manufacture of our polishing templates. We also rely on third parties for certain machined parts, steel frames and metal panels and other 
components used particularly in the assembly of our production equipment.  Although we strive to ensure that parts are available from multiple suppliers, we procure some key 
parts from a single supplier or a limited number of suppliers.  Thus, at times, certain parts may not be available in sufficient quantities, or on a timely and cost-efficient basis, to 
adequately meet our needs and the needs of our customers.

In  the  event  of  supplier  capacity  constraints,  production  disruptions,  or  failure  to  meet  our  requirements  concerning  quality,  cost  or  performance  factors,  we  may 
transfer our business to alternative sourcing which could lead to further delays, additional costs or other difficulties. If, in the future, we do not receive, in a timely and cost-
effective manner, a sufficient quantity and quality of parts to meet our production requirements, our business, financial position and results of operations may be materially and 
adversely affected.

Our income taxes are subject to variables beyond our control.

Our net income and cash flow may be adversely affected by conditions affecting income taxes which are outside our control. Examples of the potential uncontrollable 

circumstances that could affect our tax rate are as follows:

(cid:0) We  sell  and  operate  globally  in  the  United  States,  Europe  and  Asia.    Disagreement  could  occur  on  the  jurisdiction  of  income  and  taxation  among  different 

governmental tax authorities.  Potential areas of dispute may include transfer pricing, intercompany charges and intercompany balances. 

(cid:0) We are subject to a China withholding tax on certain non-tangible charges made under our transfer pricing agreements. The interpretation of what charges are 

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subject to the tax and when the liability for the tax occurs has varied and could change in the future.
Tax rates may increase or new tax rates may be implemented (i.e., a global minimum rate), and, therefore, have a material adverse effect on our earnings and cash 
flows.

Our officers, directors and largest shareholders could choose to act in their best interests and not necessarily those of our other shareholders.

Our directors, executive officers and holders of five percent or more of our outstanding common stock and their affiliates represent a significant portion of our common 
stock held as of September 30, 2021, and, therefore, have significant influence over our management and corporate policies. These shareholders have significant influence over 
all matters submitted to our shareholders, including the election of our directors and approval of business combinations, and could potentially initiate or delay, deter or prevent 
a change of control. Circumstances may occur in which the interests of these shareholders may conflict with the interests of Amtech or those of our other shareholders, and 
these shareholders may cause us to take actions that align with their interests. Should conflicts of interest arise, we can provide no assurance that these shareholders would act 
in the best interests of our other shareholders or that any conflicts of interest would be resolved in a manner favorable to our other shareholders. In addition, involvement of 
certain activist shareholders may impact our ability to recruit and retain talent or otherwise distract management or make decisions that we believe are in the long-term interest 
of all shareholders.

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Information security breaches or failures of our information technology systems may have a negative impact on our operations and our reputation.

We  may  be  subject  to  information  security  breaches  or  failures  of  our  information  technology  systems  caused  by  advanced  persistent  threats,  unauthorized  access, 
sabotage,  vandalism,  terrorism  or  accident.  Compromises  and  failure  to  our  information  technology  networks  and  systems  could  result  in  unauthorized  release  of  our 
confidential or proprietary information, or that of our customers and suppliers, as well as employee personal data. The costs to protect against or alleviate breaches and systems 
failures  require  significant  human  and  financial  capital  expenditures,  which  in  turn  could  potentially  disrupt our  continuing  operations,  increase  our  liability  as  a  result  of 
compromises to personally identifiable information, and may lead to a material and adverse effect on our financial reporting, reputation and business.

On April 12, 2021, we detected a data incident in which attackers acquired data and disabled some of the technology systems used by one of our subsidiaries.  Upon 
learning of the incident, we immediately engaged external counsel and retained a team of third-party forensic, incident response, and security professionals to investigate and 
determine  the  full  scope  of  this  incident.    We  also  notified  law  enforcement  officials  and  confirmed  that  the  incident  is  covered  by  our  insurance.    We  have  completed  the 
investigation  of  the  data  incident  with  assistance  from  our  outside  professionals,  and  indications  were  that  the  unauthorized  third-party  gained  access  to  certain  personal 
information relating to employees and their beneficiaries for some of our operations.  There was no indication of any misuse of this information.

Despite this disruption, production continued in our facilities.  Our previously disabled subsidiary network is now back up and running securely. Working alongside our 
security professionals, we were able to bring our subsidiary’s systems online with enhanced security controls. We have deployed an advanced next generation anti-virus and 
endpoint  detection  and  response  tool,  as  well  as  Managed  Detection  &  Response  services.    We  remain  committed  to  protecting  the  security  of  the  personal  information 
entrusted to us and providing high-quality products and service to our customers.

We caution that this incident could result in future legal claims or proceedings, regulatory investigations or actions, and other types of liability under laws that protect 
the  privacy  and  security  of  personal  information,  including  federal,  state  and  foreign  data  protection  and  privacy  regulations,  violations  of  which  could  result  in  significant 
judgements  against  us,  penalties  and  fines.  The  cost  of  investigating,  mitigating  and  responding  to  data  incidents  and  complying  with  any  applicable  breach  notification 
obligations to individuals, regulators, customers and others, including the April 2021 data incident, could be significant. To date, we have incurred approximately $1.1 million 
of related expense and received a reimbursement of $0.4 million. While our insurance policy has a specific payout limit, we expect that our claim will not exceed this limit, but 
that will depend on the ultimate amount of costs and other losses arising from such disruptions, failures, attempted attacks, or security breaches. In addition, such insurance may 
not be available to us in the future on economically reasonable terms, or at all. Further, defending a suit, regardless of its merit, could be costly, divert management attention 
and harm our reputation.

Natural disasters, outbreaks of infectious diseases, terrorist attacks, wars and threats of war may negatively impact our operations, revenue, costs, and stock price.

Natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, severe weather conditions, outbreaks of infectious diseases in addition to COVID-19 or other catastrophic events may 
severely affect our operations or those of our suppliers and customers.  Acts of terrorism, as well as events occurring in response or connection to them, including potential 
future terrorist attacks, rumors or threats of war, actual military conflicts or trade disruptions impacting our domestic or foreign customers or suppliers, may negatively impact 
our operations by causing, among other things, delays, or losses in the delivery of supplies or finished goods and decreased sales of our products. More generally, any of these 
events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease and/or result in increased volatility in the worldwide financial markets and economy. They also could result 
in  economic  recession  either  globally  or  in  the  markets  in  which  we  operate.  Any  of  these  occurrences  could  have  a  significant  adverse  impact  on  our  business,  financial 
position and results of operations.

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to Regulations and Litigation

Our business may be adversely affected by changes in or failure to comply with foreign and domestic laws.

Our operations are subject to numerous foreign and domestic regulatory regimes, including taxation policies, governance and audit requirements, employment and labor 
laws,  transportation  regulations,  import  and  export  regulations  and  tariffs,  possible  foreign  exchange  restrictions  and  international  monetary  fluctuations.  Our  policies, 
procedures  and  internal  controls  are  designed  to  help  us  comply  with  all  applicable  foreign  and  domestic  laws,  accounting  and  reporting  requirements,  regulations  and  tax 
requirements.  We could be subject to legal or regulatory action in the event of our failure to comply with any of the foregoing requirements, which could be expensive to 
defend and resolve and be disruptive to our business.  Any changes in regulations, the imposition of additional regulations or the enactment of any new legislation that affects 
us may increase the complexity of the legal and regulatory environment in which we operate and the related costs of compliance.

We  are  subject  to  U.S.  and  certain  non-U.S.  anti-corruption/anti-bribery,  export  and  import  controls,  sanctions,  embargoes,  anti-money  laundering,  anti-terrorist 
financing, and other similar laws and regulations. Compliance with these legal standards could impair our ability to compete in domestic and international markets. We 
can face criminal liability and other serious consequences for violations of these laws and regulations which can harm our business.

We are a U.S.-based multinational company with extensive operations in Asia and elsewhere. We operate in several high-risk jurisdictions, including, but not limited to 
China. Various U.S. and certain non-U.S. anti-corruption/anti-bribery and other international trade laws and regulations apply to our company entities and businesses. These 
laws and regulations may include, among others, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, the U.S. Travel Act, the U.S. Domestic Bribery Statute contained in 
18 U.S.C. §201, the Money Laundering Control Act (1986), the USA PATRIOT Act, the United States Export Administration Act of 1979, the U.S. Export Administration 
Regulations (15 C.F.R. §§730 et seq.), U.S. sanctions contained in 31 C.F.R. Parts 500-599, the United States International Emergency Economic Powers Act, the United States 
Trading with the Enemy Act, the International Boycott Provisions of Section 999 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the UK Bribery Act 2010, the UK Proceeds of 
Crime  Act  2002,  and  certain  other  anti-corruption,  anti-bribery,  anti-kickback,  anti-fraud,  anti-money  laundering,  anti-terrorist  financing,  anti-narcotics,  anti-boycott,  export 
control, sanctions, embargo, import control, customs, tax, insider trading, insurance, banking, false claims, anti-racketeering, and other laws, regulations, decrees, government 
or executive orders, or judicial or administrative decisions or determinations to the extent applicable.

These laws and regulations are interpreted very broadly and will impact and raise legal compliance risks for our business in the various jurisdictions where we operate. 
Violations of any of these laws and regulations may result in substantial civil and criminal fines and penalties, imprisonment, the loss of export or import privileges, debarment, 
tax reassessments, breach of contract and fraud litigation, reputational harm, and other consequences.

Anti-corruption/anti-bribery and the other laws and regulations referred to above are actively enforced by U.S. and other government agencies. Among various matters, 
anti-corruption/anti-bribery laws prohibit our companies, subsidiaries, directors, officers, employees, agents, contractors, vendors, and other business partners from authorizing, 
promising, offering, providing, soliciting, or accepting directly or indirectly, improper payments or anything else of value to or from recipients in the public or private sector. 
We may engage vendors and third-party business partners to sell our products or services and/or to obtain necessary permits, licenses, patent registrations, and other regulatory 
approvals.  We have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or government-affiliated organizations. These factors raise our anti-
corruption/anti-bribery risk exposure. We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our employees, agents, contractors, vendors, and other business partners, 
even if we do not explicitly authorize or have actual knowledge of such activities.  The application of these laws to us also may place us at a competitive disadvantage to 
foreign companies that are not subject to similar regulations.

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  United  States  could  withdraw  from  or  materially  modify  certain  international  trade  agreements,  or  change  tariff,  trade,  or  tax  provisions  related  to  the  global 
manufacturing and sales of our products in ways that we currently cannot predict.

A portion of our business activities are conducted in foreign countries, including China, Malaysia and Taiwan. Our business benefits from free trade agreements, and 
we also rely on various U.S. corporate tax provisions related to international commerce as we build, market and sell our products globally. Changes in U.S. or international 
social, political, regulatory and economic conditions could impact our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations. In particular, political and economic 
instability,  geopolitical  conflicts,  political  unrest,  civil  strife,  terrorist  activity,  acts  of  war,  public  corruption,  expropriation,  nationalism  and  other  economic  or  political 
uncertainties in the United States or internationally could interrupt and negatively affect the sale of our products or other business operations. Any negative sentiment toward 
the United States as a result of any such changes could also adversely affect our business. In addition, changes in laws and policies governing foreign trade, manufacturing, 
development and investment in the territories or countries where we currently sell our products or conduct our business could adversely affect our business. U.S. presidential 
administrations have instituted or proposed changes in trade policies that include the negotiation or termination of trade agreements, the imposition of higher tariffs on imports 
into the U.S., economic sanctions on individuals, corporations or countries, and other government regulations affecting trade between the U.S. and other countries where we 
conduct  our  business.  It  may  be  time-consuming  and  expensive  for  us  to  alter  our  business  operations  in  order  to  adapt  to  or  comply  with  any  such  changes.  Changes  or 
proposed changes in U.S. or other countries' trade policies may result in restrictions and economic disincentives on international trade. Tariffs and other changes in U.S. trade 
policy have in the past and could in the future trigger retaliatory actions by affected countries, and certain foreign governments have instituted or are considering imposing 
retaliatory  measures  on  certain  U.S.  goods.  Further,  any  emerging  protectionist  or  nationalist  trends  either  in  the  United  States  or  in  other  countries  could  affect  the  trade 
environment. The Company, similar to many other multinational corporations, does a significant amount of business that would be impacted by changes to the trade policies of 
the  United  States  and  foreign  countries  (including  governmental  action  related  to  tariffs,  international  trade  agreements,  or  economic  sanctions).  Such  changes  have  the 
potential  to  adversely  impact  the  U.S.  economy  or  certain  sectors  thereof  or  the  economy  of  another  country  in  which  we  conduct  operations,  our  industry  and  the  global 
demand for our products, and as a result, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We are continuing to evaluate the 
impact of the announced and other proposed tariffs on products that we import from China, and we may experience a material increase in the cost of our products, which may 
result in our products becoming less attractive relative to products offered by our competitors.

These  developments,  or  the  perception  that  any  of  them  could  occur,  may  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  global  economic  conditions  and  the  stability  of  global 
financial markets, and may significantly reduce global trade and, in particular, trade between the impacted nations and the United States. Any of these factors, or any changes to 
U.S.  corporate  tax  policies  related  to  international  commerce,  could  depress  economic  activity  and  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition  and 
results of operations.

We are subject to environmental regulations, and our inability or failure to comply with these regulations could result in significant costs or the suspension of our ability to 
operate portions of our business.

We are subject to environmental regulations in connection with our business operations, including regulations related to manufacturing and our customers’ use of our 
products. From time to time, we receive notices regarding these regulations. It is our policy to respond promptly to these notices and to take any necessary corrective action. 
Our  failure  or  inability  to  comply  with  existing  or  future  environmental  regulations  could  result  in  significant  remediation  liabilities,  the  imposition  of  fines  and/or  the 
suspension  or  termination  of  development,  manufacturing  or  use  of  certain  of  our  products  or  facilities,  each  of  which  could  damage  our  financial  position  and  results  of 
operations.

We face a risk of product liability claims or other litigation, which could be expensive and may divert management’s attention from running our business.

Amtech and our subsidiaries are defendants from time to time in actions for matters arising out of our business operations. The manufacture and sale of our products, 
which, in our customers’ operations, involve toxic materials and robotic machinery, involve the risk of product liability claims. In addition, a failure of one of our products at a 
customer site could interrupt the business operations of our customer. Our existing insurance coverage limits may not be adequate to protect us from all liabilities that we might 
incur in connection with the manufacture and sale of our 

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
products if a successful product liability claim or series of product liability claims were brought against us. As of September 30, 2021 and 2020, our accrued warranty costs at 
our continuing operations amounted to $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively. Our assumptions regarding the durability and reliability of our products may not be accurate, 
and because our products have relatively long warranty periods, we cannot assure you that the amount of accrued warranty by us for our products will be adequate in light of 
the actual performance of our products or that we won't experience higher than expected warranty claims. If we experience a significant increase in warranty claims, we may 
incur  significant  repair  and  replacement  costs  associated  with  such  claims.  Furthermore,  widespread  product  underperformances  or  failures  will  damage  our  reputation  and 
customer relationships and may cause our sales to decline, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

We also may be involved in other legal proceedings or claims and experience threats of legal action from time to time in the ordinary course of our business.  For 
example, securities class action litigation is often brought against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities or in connection with strategic 
transactions.  We may in the future be the target of securities litigation due to volatility in the market price of our common stock or for other reasons.  Any securities litigation 
could result in substantial costs and could divert the attention and resources of our management.

Where  appropriate,  we  intend  to  vigorously  defend  all  claims.  However,  any  actual  or  threatened  claims,  even  if  not  meritorious  or  material,  could  result  in  the 
expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. The continued defense of these claims and other types of lawsuits could divert management’s attention away from 
running our business. In addition, required amounts to be paid in settlement of any claims, and the legal fees and other costs associated with their defense or settlement, cannot 
be estimated and could, individually or in the aggregate, materially harm our financial condition.

Risks Related to Our Research and Development and Intellectual Property Activities

We may not be able to keep pace with the rapid change in the technology needed to meet customer requirements.

Success  in  the  semiconductor  equipment  industry  depends,  in  part,  on  continual  improvement  of  existing  technologies  and  rapid  innovation  of  new  solutions.  For 
example, the semiconductor industry continues to shrink the size of semiconductor devices. This and other evolving customer needs require us to continually respond with new 
product developments. Technical innovations are inherently complex and require long development cycles and appropriate professional staffing. Our future business success 
depends on our ability to develop and introduce new products, or new uses for existing products, that successfully address changing customer needs and win market acceptance.  
We also must manufacture these new products in a timely and cost-effective manner.  To realize future growth through technical innovations in the semiconductor industry, we 
must  acquire  the  technology  through  product  development,  merger  and  acquisition  activity  or  through  the  licensing  of  products  from  our  technology  partners.    Potential 
disruptive technologies could have a material adverse effect on our business if we do not successfully develop and introduce new products, technologies or uses for existing 
products in a timely manner and continually find ways of reducing the cost to produce them in response to changing market conditions or customer requirements.

Our research and development investments may not result in timely new products that can be sold at favorable prices and obtain market acceptance.

The  rapid  change  in  technology  in  our  industry  requires  that  we  continue  to  make  investments  in  research  and  development  in  order  to  enhance  the  performance, 
functionality  and  cost  of  ownership  of  our  products  to  keep  pace  with  competitors’  products  and  to  satisfy  customer  demands  for  improved  performance,  features  and 
functionality. We cannot provide assurance that revenue from future products or enhancements will be sufficient to recover the development costs associated with such products 
or enhancements, or that we will be able to secure the financial resources necessary to fund future development. Research and development costs are typically incurred before 
we confirm the technical feasibility and commercial viability of a product, and not all development activities result in commercially viable products. We cannot assure that 
products or enhancements will receive market acceptance, or that we will be able to sell these products at prices that are favorable to us, or at all. If we do not successfully 
manage 

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
our investments in research and development, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Third parties may violate our proprietary rights, in which we have made significant investments, resulting in a loss of value of some of our intellectual property or costly 
litigation.

Our success is dependent in part on our technology and other proprietary rights. We own various United States and international patents and have additional pending 
patent applications relating to some of our products and technologies. Protecting and defending our patents domestically, and especially internationally, is costly.  In addition, 
the process of seeking patent protection is lengthy and expensive.  Therefore, we cannot be certain that pending or future applications will result in issued patents, or that issued 
patents  will  be  of  sufficient  scope  or  strength  to  provide  meaningful  protection  or  commercial  advantage  to  us.  Other  companies  and  individuals,  including  our  larger 
competitors, may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technology or design around the patents we own or license. In addition, the patent for the technology 
that  we  license  and  use  in  our  manufacture  of  insert  carriers  has  expired,  which,  along  with  the  other  risks  related  to  our  patents  described  above,  may  have  the  effect  of 
diminishing or eliminating any competitive advantage we may have with respect to our manufacturing process.

We also maintain trademarks on certain of our products and claim copyright protection for certain proprietary software and documentation.  We can give no assurance, 

however, that our trademarks and copyrights will be upheld or will successfully deter infringement by third parties.

We attempt to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information through confidentiality agreements with our customers, suppliers, employees and consultants 
and  through  other  security  measures.  We  also  maintain  exclusive  and  non-exclusive  licenses  with  third  parties  for  the  technology  used  in  certain  products.  However,  these 
employees, consultants and third parties may breach these agreements, and we may not have adequate remedies for wrongdoing. In addition, the laws of certain territories, such 
as China, in which we develop, manufacture or sell our products may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.

We  may  face  intellectual  property  infringement  claims  that  could  be  time-consuming  and  costly  to  defend  and  could  result  in  our  loss  of  significant  rights  and  the 
assessment of treble damages.

From time to time, we have received communications from other parties asserting the existence of patent rights or other intellectual property rights that they believe 
cover certain of our products, processes, technologies or information. Some of these claims may lead to litigation. We cannot assure that we will prevail in these actions, or that 
other actions alleging misappropriation or misuse by us of third-party trade secrets, infringement by us of third-party patents and trademarks or the validity of our patents, will 
not be asserted or prosecuted against us. If there is a successful claim of infringement against us, we may be required to pay substantial damages (including treble damages if 
we were to be found to have willfully infringed a third party’s patent) to the party claiming infringement, incur costs to develop non-infringing technology, stop selling or using 
technology  that  contains  the  allegedly  infringing  intellectual  property,  or  enter  into  royalty  or  license  agreements  that  may  not  be  available  on  acceptable  or  commercially 
practical terms, if at all. Intellectual property litigation, regardless of outcome, is expensive and time-consuming, and could divert management’s attention from our business.  
Our  failure  to  successfully  defend  against  infringement  claims,  or  to  develop  non-infringing  technologies  or  license  the  proprietary  rights  on  a  timely  basis,  could  have  a 
material negative effect on our business, operating results or financial condition.

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

We have experienced, and may continue to experience, significant volatility in our stock price.

A variety of factors may cause the price of our stock to be volatile.  For example, our results of operations are difficult to predict and have fluctuated from time to time 
in the past. We expect that our results of operations may continue to fluctuate from time to time in the future. It is possible that our results of operations in some reporting 
periods  will  be  below  market  expectations.  If  our  results  of  operations  for  a  particular  reporting  period  are  lower  than  the  market  expectations  for  such  reporting  period, 
investors may react negatively and, as a result, the price of our stock may materially decline.

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Furthermore,  the  stock  market  in  general,  and  the  market  for  shares  of  high-technology  companies  in  particular,  including  ours,  have  experienced  extreme  price 
fluctuations,  which  have  often  been  unrelated  to  the  operating  performance  of  affected  companies.  During  the  two-year  period  ended  September  30,  2021,  the  price  of  our 
common stock has ranged from $14.24 to $3.55. The price of our stock may be more volatile than the stock of other companies due to, among other factors, the unpredictable, 
volatile and seasonal nature of the industries in which we operate, our significant customer concentration, intense competition, our fluctuating backlog and our relatively low 
daily stock trading volume.  As a result, the market price of our common stock is likely to continue to fluctuate significantly in the future, including fluctuations related and 
unrelated to our performance.

Additional factors may affect our stock price, including sales of our common stock by us or our existing shareholders as well as changes to the coverage and/or rating of 

our stock by securities analysts.

Shareholder activists could cause a disruption to our business.

An activist investor may indicate disagreement with our strategic direction or capital allocation policies and may seek representation on our Board of Directors. Our 

business, operating results or financial condition could be adversely affected and may result in, among other things:

(cid:0)

(cid:0)

(cid:0)

increased  operating  costs,  including  increased  legal  expenses,  insurance,  administrative  expenses  and  associated  costs  incurred  in  connection  with  director 
election contests;
uncertainties as to our future direction, which could result in the loss of potential business opportunities and could make it more difficult to attract, retain, or 
motivate qualified personnel, and strain relationships with investors and customers; and
reduction or delay in our ability to effectively execute our current business strategy and to implement new strategies.

ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES

We believe that our properties are adequate for our current needs. In addition, we believe that adequate space can be obtained to meet our foreseeable business needs. 

The following chart identifies the principal properties which we own or lease.

Location

Use

Own or Lease

Size

Corporate

Tempe, Arizona

Semiconductor Segment

North Billerica, Massachusetts
Ashvale, Surrey, United Kingdom
Shanghai, China
Penang, Malaysia

Material and Substrate Segment

Carlisle, Pennsylvania
Bethel, Connecticut

  Corporate Headquarters

  Office, Mfg. & Warehouse
  Office
  Office, Mfg. & Warehouse
  Office

  Office & Mfg.
  Office & Mfg.

  Own

  Own
  Lease
  Lease
  Lease

  Lease
  Lease

15,000 sf

150,000 sf
1,900 sf
76,530 sf
1,570 sf

40,500 sf
18,830 sf

Our  building  in  North  Billerica,  Massachusetts  secures  a  mortgage  note  with  a  remaining  balance  of  $4.8  million  as  of  September  30,  2021  and  a  maturity  date  of 
September 26, 2023. The debt was refinanced in September 2016 with an interest rate of 4.00% as of September 30, 2021, which is the aggregate of the Federal Home Loan 
Board Five Year Classic Advance Rate plus two hundred forty basis points.

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Amtech  and  its  subsidiaries  are  defendants  from  time  to  time  in  actions  for  matters  arising  out  of  their  business  operations.  We  do  not  believe  that  any  matters  or 

proceedings presently pending will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

30

 
 
 
 
PART II

ITEM  5.    MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS  AND  ISSUER  PURCHASES  OF  EQUITY 
SECURITIES 

MARKET INFORMATION

Our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (Common Stock), is trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, under the symbol “ASYS.” The stock price details 

can be obtained from the Nasdaq website at www.nasdaq.com.

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Share Repurchase Program

On February 9, 2021, the Board approved a stock repurchase program, pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $4 million of our outstanding Common Stock over a 
one-year  period,  commencing  on  February  16,  2021.  Repurchases  under  the  program  will  be  made  in  open  market  transactions  at  prevailing  market  prices,  in  privately 
negotiated transactions, or by other means in compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC; however, we have no obligation to repurchase shares, and the timing, actual 
number,  and  value  of  shares  to  be  repurchased  is  subject  to  management’s  discretion  and  will  depend  on  our  stock  price  and  other  market  conditions.  We  may,  in  the  sole 
discretion of the Board, terminate the repurchase program at any time while it is in effect. Repurchased shares may be retired or kept in treasury for further issuance.

During the three months ended September 30, 2021, we did not repurchase any of our equity securities nor did we sell any equity securities that were not registered 

under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

HOLDERS

As of November 15, 2021, there were 338 shareholders of record of our Common Stock. Based upon a recent survey of brokers, we estimate there were approximately 

an additional 4,177 beneficial shareholders who held shares in brokerage or other investment accounts as of that date.

DIVIDENDS

We  have  never  paid  dividends  on  our  Common  Stock.  Our  present  policy  is  to  apply  cash  to  investments  in  product  development  and  upgrades,  acquisitions  or 
expansion;  consequently,  we  do  not  expect  to  pay  dividends  on  our  Common  Stock  in  the  foreseeable  future.    However,  once  the  above  priorities  have  been  met,  we  will 
evaluate the returning of capital to shareholders, as we have done in the past.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities in fiscal 2021.

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPARISON OF STOCK PERFORMANCE

The following line graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by 
reference into any future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act, each as amended, except to the extent that we specifically incorporated by reference it 
into such filing.

The following line graph compares cumulative total shareholder return, assuming reinvestment of dividends, for our Common Stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index 
and  the  NASDAQ  Industrial  Index.  Because  we  did  not  pay  dividends  on  our  Common  Stock  during  the  measurement  period,  the  calculation  of  the  cumulative  total 
shareholder return on our Common Stock did not include dividends. The following graph assumes that $100 was invested on October 1, 2016.

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected financial data presented below should be read in conjunction with "Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations,” and our consolidated financial statements (including the related notes thereto) contained elsewhere in this report.  The selected financial data in the table below 
excludes results from our discontinued operations.

Operating Data - Continuing Operations:

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

Years Ended September 30,

Net revenue
Gross profit
Gross margin
Operating income (loss) 
Income (loss) attributable to continuing
   operations, net of tax 

(1)

(2)

Income (loss) per share attributable to
   continuing operations

Basic income (loss) per share
Diluted income (loss) per share

Backlog:

(3)

Balance Sheet Data - Continuing Operations:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Total assets 
Total current liabilities 
Current maturities of long-term debt
Long-term debt

(4)

  $
  $

  $

  $

  $
  $

  $

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

85,205  
34,530  

  $
  $
41 %    
  $

3,725  

65,463  
24,441  

  $
  $
37 %    
  $

(485 )

85,035  
33,357  

 $
 $
39 %   
 $

4,916  

100,053  
36,918  

 $
 $
37 %   
 $

6,072  

83,073  
31,106  

37 %

3,641  

1,508  

  $

(3,907 )

  $

3,135  

 $

6,631  

 $

2,194  

0.11  
0.11  

  $
  $

(0.28 )
(0.28 )

  $
  $

0.22  
0.22  

44,143  

  $

13,905  

  $

17,326  

32,836  
116,913  
15,109  
396  
4,402  

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

45,070  
102,098  
7,477  
380  
4,798  

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

53,083  
103,722  
12,101  
371  
5,178  

 $
 $

 $

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

0.45  
0.44  

 $
 $

0.16  
0.16  

26,291  

 $

24,742  

45,915  
104,084  
15,763  
350  
5,542  

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

41,005  
99,788  
15,605  
336  
5,892  

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

Includes $2.2 million related to long-lived asset impairment charges in 2018. 
Includes a pre-tax loss of $2.8 million on the sale of R2D in 2020 and a pre-tax gain of $2.9 million on the sale of our remaining ownership interest in Kingstone Hong Kong in 2018. 
Excludes $22.8 million, $45.3 million and $91.8 million in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of Held-For-Sale Assets.
Excludes $18.5 million, $31.8 million and $72.6 million in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, of Held-For-Sale Liabilities.

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The  following  discussion  of  our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  should  be  read  together  with  our  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  and  the 
accompanying  notes  included  in  "Item  8.  Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data”  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  This  discussion  contains  forward-looking 
statements,  which  involve  risks  and  uncertainties.  Our  actual  results  could  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in  the  forward-looking  statements  as  a  result  of  certain 
factors including, but not limited to, those described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Please refer to page 5 for further information 
regarding forward-looking statements and “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for a description of our risk factors.

Overview  

We  are  a  leading,  global  manufacturer  of  capital  equipment,  including  thermal  processing  and  wafer  polishing  and  related  consumables  used  in  fabricating 
semiconductor devices, such as silicon carbide ("SiC") and silicon power devices, analog and discrete devices, electronic assemblies, and light-emitting diodes ("LEDs"). We 
sell these products to semiconductor device and module manufacturers worldwide, particularly in Asia, North America and Europe.   

We operate in two reportable business segments, based primarily on the industries they serve: (i) Semiconductor and (ii) Material and Substrate. In our Semiconductor 
segment, we supply thermal processing equipment, including solder reflow ovens, horizontal diffusion furnaces, and custom high-temp belt furnaces for use by semiconductor, 
electronics  and  electro/mechanical  assembly  manufacturers.  Our  semiconductor  customers  are  primarily  manufacturers  of  integrated  circuits  and  optoelectronic  sensors  and 
discrete ("O-S-D") components used in analog, power and radio frequency ("RF"). In our Material and Substrate segment, we produce substrate consumables, chemicals and 
machinery  for  lapping  (fine  abrading)  and  polishing  of  materials,  such  as  silicon  wafers  for  semiconductor  products,  sapphire  wafers  for  LED  applications,  and  compound 
substrates, like silicon carbide wafers, for power device applications.

The semiconductor industry is cyclical, but not seasonal, and historically has experienced fluctuations. Our revenue is impacted by these broad industry trends.

We continue to focus on our plans to profitably grow our business and have developed a strategic growth plan and a capital allocation plan that we believe will support 
our growth objectives. Our Power Semiconductor strategic growth plan leverages our experience, products and capabilities in pursuit of growth, profitability and sustainability. 
Our core focus areas are:

(cid:0)

(cid:0)

(cid:0)

Emerging opportunities in the SiC industry – We believe we are well-positioned to take part in this significant growth area, specifically as it relates to silicon 
carbide wafer capacity expansion. We are working closely with our customers to understand their SiC growth plans, needs and opportunities. We are investing in 
our  capacity,  next  generation  product  development,  and  in  our  people.  During  2021,  we  completed  the  acquisition  of  Intersurface  Dynamics,  which  added 
numerous coolants and chemical products to our existing consumable and machine product lines.  We believe these investments will help fuel our growth in the 
emerging growth SiC industry.

300mm  Horizontal  Thermal  Reactor  –  We  have  a  highly  successful  and  proven  300mm  horizontal  diffusion  solution  used  for  power  semiconductor  device 
manufacturing applications. We have a strong foundation with the leading 300mm power chip manufacturer, and, in the last three years, we have received 14 
orders from top-tier customers. We believe we have a strong opportunity to continue expanding our customer base and grow revenue with our 300mm solution.

As the largest revenue contributor to our organization, we expect our subsidiary, BTU, will continue to track semi industry growth cycles for our advanced semi-
packaging and SMT products, in addition to specialized custom belt furnaces used in automotive and other specialized industrial applications. We believe that our 
investments  in  product  innovation  will  provide  BTU  with  opportunities  to  grow  further,  especially  in  high  growth  applications  of  consumer  and  industrial 
electronics, IoT, electric vehicles and 5G communications.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We anticipate that the required investments to achieve our revenue growth targets will be in the range of $6.0 - $8.0 million in research and development and capital 
expenditures, which also includes investments in management information systems and capacity expansions at existing manufacturing facilities.  Additionally, we may decide 
to divest some or all of our real estate holdings to streamline our balance sheet and provide additional working capital for our investments and research and development needs.  
In the fourth quarter of 2021, we completed the move of our Shanghai facility to a new location.  This new location increases our capacity and allows us to streamline our 
manufacturing processes, thus reducing our lead times.  In addition, we are evaluating our management information systems and needs in order to allow for greater efficiencies 
and  to  ensure  our  infrastructure  can  support  our  future  growth  plans.  We  are  and  will  continue  to  closely  scrutinize  these  planned  investments,  in  light  of  the  COVID-19 
challenges, and we may defer some of our projects. However, as a capital equipment manufacturer, we will continue to invest in our business to fuel our future growth.

In addition to investments in our organic growth, another key aspect of our capital allocation policy is our plan to grow through acquisitions. We have the expertise and 
track record to identify strong acquisition targets in the semi and SiC growth environments and to execute transactions and integrations to provide for value creating, profitable 
growth in both the short-term and long-term. On March 3, 2021, we acquired Intersurface Dynamics, a Connecticut-based manufacturer of substrate process chemicals used in 
various manufacturing processes, including semiconductors, silicon and compound semiconductor wafers, and optics. As of the date of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 
10-K, we do not have an agreement to acquire any acquisition target.

Cybersecurity Incident

On April 12, 2021, we detected a data incident in which attackers acquired data and disabled some of the technology systems used by one of our subsidiaries.  Upon 
learning of the incident, we immediately engaged external counsel and retained a team of third-party forensic, incident response, and security professionals to investigate and 
determine  the  full  scope  of  this  incident.    We  also  notified  law  enforcement  officials  and  confirmed  that  the  incident  is  covered  by  our  insurance.    We  have completed the 
investigation  of  the  data  incident  with  assistance  from  our  outside  professionals,  and  indications  were  that  the  unauthorized  third-party  gained  access  to  certain  personal 
information relating to employees and their beneficiaries for some of our operations.  There was no indication of any misuse of this information.

Despite this disruption, production continued in our facilities.  Our previously disabled subsidiary network is now back up and running securely. Working alongside our 
security professionals, we were able to bring our subsidiary’s systems online with enhanced security controls. We have deployed an advanced next generation anti-virus and 
endpoint  detection  and  response  tool,  as  well  as  Managed  Detection  &  Response  services.    We  remain  committed  to  protecting  the  security  of  the  personal  information 
entrusted to us and providing high-quality products and service to our customers.

We recorded approximately $1.1 million of expense related to this incident, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses, during the third quarter of 
fiscal 2021.  The expense is primarily related to third-party service providers, including security professionals as well as legal and response teams. We may make additional 
investments in the future to further strengthen our cybersecurity. We filed an insurance claim during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 related to the incident. Disputes over the 
extent of insurance coverage for claims are not uncommon, and there will be a time lag between the initial incurrence of costs and the receipt of any insurance proceeds.  There 
is  no  guarantee  that  we  will  be  fully  reimbursed  for  all  expenses  incurred.  As  of  September  30,  2021,  we  have  been  approved  for  a  reimbursement  of  approximately  $0.4 
million and received a request for additional information related to certain items in our claim.

COVID-19

In  March  2020,  the  outbreak  of  COVID-19  was  recognized  as  a  pandemic  by  the  World  Health  Organization,  and  the  outbreak  became  increasingly  widespread, 
including in all of the markets in which we operate. We continue to monitor the impact of COVID-19 on all aspects of our business. We are a company operating in a critical 
infrastructure industry, as defined by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Consistent with federal guidelines and with state and local orders to date, we have continued 
to operate across our footprint throughout the COVID-19 

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
pandemic. Following the onset of COVID-19 and its negative effects on our business, most prominently reflected in our second, third and fourth quarter fiscal 2020 results, 
global economic conditions improved during fiscal 2021, resulting in increased demand for our products and services, which led to our earnings for fiscal 2021 substantially 
exceeding our fiscal 2020 results. There remain many unknowns and we continue to monitor the expected trends and related demand for our products and services and have and 
will continue to adjust our operations accordingly.  Please see additional information in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” 

Solar and Automation Divestitures

In April 2019, we announced that the Board determined that it was in the long-term best interest of Amtech to exit the Solar business segment and to focus our strategic 
efforts on our non-Solar business segments in order to more fully realize the opportunities presented in those segments. The divestiture included our Tempress and SoLayTec 
subsidiaries, which comprised substantially all of our Solar segment.

Effective  January  22,  2020  (“Tempress  Sale  Date”),  we  completed  the  sale  of  Tempress  for  nominal  consideration  to  a  third  party  located  in  the  Netherlands.    We 
recorded a pre-tax loss on sale of approximately $10.9 million, of which approximately $7.2 million was the recognition of previously recorded accumulated foreign currency 
translation losses.  The total pre-tax loss did not have a material effect on our cash balances at our continuing operations.  We also recognized a significant tax benefit relating to 
this loss, which can be carried over to future years. Effective on the Tempress Sale Date, Tempress is no longer included in our consolidated financial statements.

The portion of our Solar segment not included in discontinued operations is our previously reported Automation division, R2D. R2D had historically sold automation 
products to both solar and semiconductor customers. On December 13, 2019 (“R2D Sale Date”), we finalized the sale of R2D to certain members of R2D’s management team.  
Upon the sale, we recognized a loss of approximately $2.8 million.  Effective on the R2D Sale Date, R2D is no longer included in our consolidated financial statements.

Segment Reporting Changes

Upon the acquisition of Intersurface Dynamics in the second quarter of 2021, we evaluated our organizational structure and concluded that we have two reportable 
business segments following the acquisition. Our Material and Substrate segment includes our former SiC/LED segment in addition to Intersurface Dynamics beginning at the 
date of acquisition.

In the second quarter of 2019, we began the process to divest our solar business, which we completed on January 22, 2020 with the sale of our Tempress subsidiary.  As 

such, we have reported the results of the Solar segment as discontinued operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for 2019 and 2020.

Industry Fluctuations 

Our quarterly and annual operating results have been and will continue to be impacted by the timing of large system orders.  Further, the semiconductor equipment 
industry is highly cyclical, and the conditions of this industry remain volatile.  Therefore, our order flow fluctuates quarter to quarter.  For additional information regarding the 
risks related to our business and industry, please refer to "Item 1A. Risk Factors" within this Form 10-K.

Fiscal Year

Our fiscal year is from October 1 to September 30. Unless otherwise stated, references to the years 2021, 2020 and 2019 relate to the fiscal years ended September 30, 

2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Results of Operations

The following table sets forth certain financial data as a percentage of net revenue for the periods indicated:

Net revenue
Cost of sales

Gross margin

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Restructuring charges

Operating income (loss)
Loss on sale of subsidiary
Interest expense and other, net

Income (loss) from continuing operations before
   income taxes
Income tax provision

Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of
   tax
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net income (loss)

Fiscal 2021 compared to Fiscal 2020

Net Revenue

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

100 %
59 %

41 %
29 %
7 %
— %

5 %
— %
(1 %)

4 %
2 %

2 %
— %

2 %

100 %
63 %

37 %
33 %
5 %
— %

(1 %)
(4 %)
— %

(5 %)
1 %

(6 %)
(18 )%

(24 %)

Net revenue consists of revenue recognized upon shipment and/or installation of equipment, with the exception of products using new technology, for which revenue is 
recognized  upon  customer  acceptance.  Spare  parts  sales  are  recognized  upon  shipment  and  service  revenue  is  recognized  upon  completion  of  the  service  activity,  which  is 
generally  ratable  over  the  term  of  the  service  contract.  Since  the  majority  of  our  revenue  is  generated  from  large  system  sales,  revenue  and  operating  income  can  be 
significantly  impacted  by  the  timing  of  system  shipments  and  system  acceptances.    See  “Critical  Accounting  Policies  –  Revenue  Recognition”  included  in  “Item  7. 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

Our net revenue by operating segment for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Segment
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate
Non-segment related

Total net revenue

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

Increase
(Decrease)

    % Change

  $

  $

72,086     $
13,119      
—      

85,205     $

54,516     $
10,304      
643      

65,463     $

17,570  
2,815  
(643 )    

19,742  

32 %
27 %

(100 )%

30 %

Net revenue for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $85.2 million and $65.5 million, respectively, an increase of $19.7 million or 30%. Revenue from 
the Semiconductor segment increased $17.6 million, or 32%. Our semiconductor segment revenues are dependent on our customers’ expansions, and our 2020 results were 
negatively impacted by the uncertainty in the global economy due primarily to the impact of the COVID-19 virus, as well as lingering trade tensions between the U.S. and 
China.  The 2021 increase is primarily attributable to higher shipments across our reflow and diffusion furnace product lines in the 2021 period. Revenue from our Material and 
Substrate segment increased $2.8 million, or 27%, due primarily to the addition of Intersurface Dynamics in March 2021. Excluding Intersurface Dynamics' revenue, Material 
and Substrate revenue increased approximately 15% due to higher sales of both machines and consumables in the 2021 period. Non-segment related revenues relate to R2D, the 
Automation segment that we divested in December 2019.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
Backlog and Orders

Our backlog, including deferred revenue, if any, as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (dollars in thousands):

Segment
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate

Total backlog

September 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

Increase
(Decrease)

    % Change

  $

  $

42,743     $
1,400      

44,143     $

12,842     $
1,063      

13,905     $

29,901     
337     
30,238     

233 %

32 %

217 %

For comparison purposes, we have removed the Automation segment, which we divested in December 2019, from the table below.  New orders booked in the years 

ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Segment
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate

Total new orders

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

Increase
(Decrease)

    % Change

  $

  $

101,988     $
13,456      

115,444     $

52,448     $
10,400      

62,848     $

49,540      
3,056      
52,596      

94 %

29 %

84 %

At the end of 2021, two customers individually accounted for 25% and 17% of our total backlog. The orders included in our backlog are generally credit approved 
customer purchase orders believed to be firm and are expected to ship within the next twelve months. Because our orders are typically subject to cancellation or delay by the 
customer, our backlog at any particular point in time is not necessarily representative of actual sales for succeeding periods, nor is backlog any assurance that we will realize 
profit from completing these orders.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Gross  profit  is  the  difference  between  net  revenue  and  cost  of  goods  sold.  Cost  of  goods  sold  consists  of  purchased  material,  labor  and  overhead  to  manufacture 
equipment  or  spare  parts  and  the  cost  of  service  and  support  to  customers  for  installation,  warranty  and  paid  service  calls.  Gross  margin  is  gross  profit  as  a  percent  of  net 
revenue.  Our gross profit and gross margin by operating segment for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

Segment
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate
Non-segment related

Total gross profit

Years Ended September 30,

2021

Gross
Margin

2020

Gross
Margin

Incr
(Decr)

    % Change

  $

  $

30,336      
4,194      
—    
34,530      

42 %   $
32 %    

41 %   $

21,199      
3,233      
9      
24,441      

39 %   $
31 %    
1 %    
37 %   $

9,137      
961      
(9 )    
10,089      

43 %
30 %

(100 )%

41 %

Gross profit for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $34.5 million and $24.4 million, respectively, representing an increase of $10.1 million, or 41%. 
Gross  margin  for  2021  and  2020  was  41%  and  37%,  respectively.  Gross  margin  for  the  Semiconductor  segment  increased  to  42%  in  2021,  compared  to  39%  in  2020,  due 
primarily  to  a  favorable  product  mix,  lower  labor  costs  as  a  portion  of  our  engineers  finished  customer-specific  design  projects  and  began  work  on  strategic-development 
projects, and a benefit from the usage of previously reserved inventory. In the Material and Substrate segment, gross margin increased slightly to 32% in 2021, compared to 
31% in 2020 due primarily to the addition of Intersurface Dynamics as well as higher machine sales leading to improved utilization, partially offset by higher depreciation and 
inventory reserve charges.

38

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
     
 
 
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A expenses consist of the cost of employees, consultants and contractors, facility costs, sales commissions, shipping costs, promotional marketing expenses, legal 

and accounting expenses and bad debt expense.

Total SG&A expenses for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $24.7 million and $21.4 million, respectively.  In 2021, SG&A increased by $3.3 million 
compared to the prior year.  This increase was primarily due to increased commission expense of $1.5 million as a result of higher sales, costs associated with the data incident 
in April 2021 of $0.8 million, net of insurance reimbursements, and $0.8 million of costs incurred by Intersurface Dynamics during 2021. During the fourth quarter of 2021, we 
filed an insurance claim related to the data incident. There is no guarantee that we will be fully reimbursed for all expenses incurred. SG&A expense includes $0.4 million and 
$0.3 million of non-cash stock-based compensation expense for 2021 and 2020, respectively. Additionally, the fiscal 2020 period included a benefit of $0.3 million from payroll 
tax credits that were part of the CARES Act.

Research, Development and Engineering

RD&E expenses consist of the cost of employees, consultants and contractors who design, engineer and develop new products and processes as well as materials and 
supplies  used  in  producing  prototypes.    RD&E  expenses  may  vary  from  period  to  period  depending  on  the  engineering  projects  in  process.    Expenses  related  to  engineers 
working  on  strategic  projects  or  sustaining  engineering  projects  are  recorded  in  RD&E.    However,  from  time  to  time  we  add  functionality  to  our  products  or  develop  new 
products during engineering and manufacturing to fulfill specifications in a customer’s order, in which case the cost of development, along with other costs of the order, are 
charged to cost of goods sold.  Occasionally, we receive reimbursements through governmental research and development grants which are netted against these expenses when 
certain conditions have been met.

RD&E expense, net of grants earned, for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were $6.0 million and $3.3 million, respectively, an increase of $2.7 million. 
This  increase  is  due  to  increased  labor  expense  related  to  a  portion  of  our  engineers  as  they  completed  customer-specific  design  projects  and  began  work  on  strategic-
development  projects.  We  expect  most  of  these  strategic  projects  to  be  completed  during  fiscal  2022,  resulting  in  new  or  updated  product  offerings  in  fiscal  2022.    Grants 
earned are immaterial in all periods presented.

Restructuring Charges

We  recorded  restructuring  charges  of  $0.1  million  in  2021.  These  one-time  charges  relate  to  staff  reductions  in  our  Semiconductor  and  Material  and  Substrate 
operations.  We  recorded  restructuring  charges  of  $0.2  million  in  2020.  These  one-time  charges  were  the  result  of  staff  reductions  at  our  Massachusetts  operations  as  we 
evaluated staffing across our Semiconductor operations. 

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate at our continuing operations was 56.1% and (25.4)% in fiscal 2021 and 2020, respectively.  The effective tax rate is the ratio of total income tax 
expense to pre-tax income.  The effective tax rates for 2021 and 2020 were higher and lower than the U.S. statutory rate, respectively, due primarily to higher taxes on income 
in foreign jurisdictions as well as state income taxes in 2021 and 2020.    

In 2021 and 2020, we recorded income tax expense at our continuing operations of $1.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively.  In 2020, we recorded income tax benefit 
of $47,000 in our discontinued operations. The income tax provisions are based upon estimates of annual income, annual permanent differences and statutory tax rates in the 
various jurisdictions in which we operate, except that certain loss jurisdictions and discrete items are treated separately.

Generally accepted accounting principles require that a valuation allowance be established when it is “more likely than not” that all or a portion of deferred tax assets 
will not be realized. A review of all available positive and negative evidence needs to be considered, including a company’s performance, the market environment in which the 
Company operates and the length of carryback and carryforward periods. According to those principles, it is difficult to conclude that a valuation allowance is not needed when 
the negative evidence includes cumulative losses in recent years. We have concluded that we will maintain a full valuation allowance for all net deferred tax assets related to the 

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
carryforwards of U.S. net operating losses and foreign tax credits. We will continue to monitor our cumulative income and loss positions in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions to 
determine whether full valuation allowances on net deferred tax assets are appropriate. We expect to pay minimal U.S federal cash taxes for the foreseeable future as a result of 
our U.S. net operating losses. 

Our future effective income tax rate depends on various factors, such as the amount of income (loss) in each tax jurisdiction, tax regulations governing each region, 

non-tax deductible expenses incurred as a percent of pre-tax income and the effectiveness of our tax planning strategies.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity and Capital Allocation

We  maintain  a  strong  focus  on  liquidity  and  define  our  liquidity  risk  tolerance  based  on  sources  and  uses  to  maintain  a  sufficient  liquidity  position  to  meet  our 
obligations through our industry cycles, under both normal and stressed conditions. We manage our liquidity to provide access to sufficient funding to meet our business needs 
and financial obligations throughout business cycles. We operate in the semiconductor capital equipment industry, which is cyclical, and we must ensure we have sufficient 
liquidity during the down cycles and varying macroeconomic conditions. Our liquidity plans are established within the context of our financial and strategic planning processes 
and consider the liquidity necessary to fund our operating commitments, which include purchase obligations for inventory and equipment, payroll and general expenses. We 
also take into consideration our capital allocation and growth objectives, including investing in research and development, capital expenditures (including capacity assessments 
and IT systems) and debt payments.  

See information below regarding payments we expect to make as a result of contractual obligations. We have never paid dividends on our common stock. Our present 
policy is to apply cash to investments in product development and upgrades, acquisitions or expansion; consequently, we do not expect to pay dividends on common stock in 
the foreseeable future.  However, once the above priorities have been met, we will evaluate the returning of capital to shareholders, as we have done in the past.

The success of our growth strategy is dependent upon the availability of additional capital resources on terms satisfactory to management. Our sources of capital in the 
past have included the sale of equity securities, which includes common stock sold in private transactions and public offerings, and cash generated from operations. There can 
be no assurance that we can raise such additional capital resources when needed or on satisfactory terms. We believe that our principal sources of liquidity discussed above are 
sufficient to support operations for at least the next twelve months. 

Cash and Cash Flow

The following table sets forth for the periods presented certain consolidated cash flow information (in thousands):

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted
   cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year*

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of year*

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

(5,962 )   $
(8,094 )   $
  $
1,166  
  $
656  

(12,234 )   $
  $
45,070  

32,836  

  $

(1,664 )   $
(12,616 )   $
(1,502 )   $
  $
1,718  

(14,064 )   $
  $
59,134  

45,070  

  $

173  
(1,826 )
(157 )
(1,552 )

(3,362 )
62,496  

59,134  

  $
  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

* 

Includes Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash that are included in Held-For-Sale Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for periods prior to January 22, 2020.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
As of September 30, 2021 and 2020, cash and cash equivalents were $32.8 million and $45.1 million, respectively. We had no restricted cash at September 30, 2021 and 
2020. Our working capital was $65.8 million as of September 30, 2021 and $69.1 million as of September 30, 2020. Our ratio of current assets to current liabilities was 5.4:1 as 
of September 30, 2021, and 10.2:1 as of September 30, 2020.

During periods of weakening demand, we typically generate cash from operating activities.  Conversely, we are more likely to use operating cash flows for working 
capital  requirements  during  periods  of  higher  growth.    The  $12.2  million  decrease  in  consolidated  cash  during  2021  was  primarily  due  to  cash  paid  for  the  acquisition  of 
Intersurface Dynamics, net of cash acquired, of $5.1 million and capital expenditures of $3.0 million, partially offset by proceeds received from the exercise of stock options of 
$1.5 million.  We maintain cash accounts denominated in currencies other than our reporting currency, which expose us to foreign exchange rate fluctuations.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash  used  in  operating  activities  was  $6.0  million  in  2021  compared  to  cash  used  in  operating  activities  of  $1.7  million  in  2020  and  cash  provided  by  operating 
activities of $0.2 million in 2019. During 2021, we increased our inventory balances in preparation for shipments scheduled for the first half of fiscal 2022. Additionally, our 
accounts receivable increased during this period as most of our shipments occurred late in the fourth quarter and our customers generally have payment terms of 60-90 days. 
During 2020, we increased our inventory balances to mitigate risks in our supply chain resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as in preparation for a large shipment 
that occurred in the first quarter of fiscal 2021.  

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $8.1 million in 2021, primarily consisting of $5.1 million net cash paid for the acquisition of Intersurface Dynamics and capital 
expenditures primarily related to the relocation of our Shanghai manufacturing facility.  Cash used in investing activities was $12.6 million in 2020, primarily related to the 
divestiture of our solar businesses and capital expenditures for our new Material and Substrate building in Pennsylvania.  Cash used in investing activities was $1.8 million in 
2019,  primarily  related  to  the  sale  of  SoLayTec.    Investing  activities  in  2021,  2020  and  2019  included  capital  expenditures  of  $3.0  million,  $2.7  million  and  $0.7  million, 
respectively.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

In  2021,  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  was  $1.2  million,  consisting  of  approximately  $1.5  million  of  proceeds  received  from  the  exercise  of  stock  options, 
partially offset by payments on long-term debt of $0.4 million.  In 2020, cash used in financing activities was $1.5 million, consisting of $0.9 million of proceeds received from 
the  exercise  of  stock  options,  which  was  fully  offset  by  $2.0  million  used  for  stock  repurchases  and  payments  on  long-term  debt  of  $0.4  million.    In  2019,  cash  used  in 
financing activities was $0.2 million, consisting of $0.2 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options offset by payments on long-term debt of $0.4 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As  of  September  30,  2021,  we  had  no  off-balance  sheet  arrangements  as  defined  in  Item  303(a)(4)  of  Regulation  S-K  promulgated  by  the  SEC  that  have  or  are 
reasonably  likely  to  have  a  current  or  future  effect  on  financial  condition,  changes  in  financial  condition,  revenues  or  expenses,  results  of  operations,  liquidity,  capital 
expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

We had the following contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of September 30, 2021, in thousands:

Contractual obligations
Debt obligations
Lease obligations:

Buildings
Office equipment
Vehicles

Total operating lease obligations
Purchase obligations

Total

Acquisitions

Total

Less than
1 year

1-3 years

3-5 years

More than
5 years

  $

4,798     $

396     $

4,402     $

—     $

—  

13,848    
193    
42    

14,083    
17,039    

  $

35,920     $

1,029      
71      
26      

1,126      
17,039      

18,561     $

2,066      
122      
16      

2,204      
—      

1,928      
—      
—      

1,928      
—      

6,606     $

1,928     $

8,825  
—  
—  

8,825  
—  

8,825  

Our  business  strategy  includes  the  possible  acquisition  of  or  investments  in  other  businesses  to  expand  or  complement  our  operations.    The  magnitude,  timing  and 
nature of any future acquisitions or investments will depend on a number of factors, including the availability of suitable candidates, the negotiation of acceptable terms, our 
financial capabilities and general economic and business conditions.  Financing for future transactions would result in the utilization of cash, incurrence of additional debt, 
issuance of stock or some combination of the foregoing.  

Critical Accounting Policies

See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for a discussion of our consolidated financial statements that 
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements 
requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, the disclosure of 
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.

On  an  on-going  basis,  we  evaluate  our  estimates  and  judgments,  including  those  related  to  revenue  recognition,  income  taxes,  inventory  valuation  and  inventory 
purchase commitments, and indefinite-lived assets. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, expectations regarding the future and on various other factors 
that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of these estimates and judgments form the basis for making conclusions about the carrying value of assets 
and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

A  critical  accounting  policy  is  one  that  is  both  important  to  the  presentation  of  our  financial  position  and  results  of  operations,  and  requires  management’s  most 
difficult,  subjective  or  complex  judgments,  often  as  a  result  of  the  need  to  make  estimates  about  the  effect  of  matters  that  are  inherently  uncertain.  These  uncertainties  are 
discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” We believe the following critical accounting policies encompass the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of 
our consolidated financial statements.

42

 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue Recognition.  We recognize revenue when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration expected to 
be received in exchange for those goods or services. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a product or service to the customer. The transaction price of 
a contract is allocated to each distinct performance obligation based upon the relative standalone selling price ("SSP") for each performance obligation and is recognized as 
revenue upon satisfaction of the performance obligation.  To record revenue properly, we apply the following five steps:

1) Identify the contract with the customer

A contract with a customer exists when (i) we enter into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be 
transferred and identifies the related payment terms, (ii) the contract has commercial substance, and (iii) we determine that collection of substantially all consideration for goods 
and services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration.

2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract

Performance obligations are identified based on the goods and services that will be transferred to the customer that are both (i) capable of being distinct, whereby the 
customer  can  benefit  from  the  good  or  service  either  on  its  own  or  together  with  other  available  resources,  and  (ii)  are  distinct  in  the  context  of  the  contract,  whereby  the 
transfer of the good or service is separately identifiable from other promises to the customer in the contract. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised goods and 
services, we must apply judgment to determine whether promised goods and services are capable of being distinct and distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are 
not met, the promised goods and services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation.

Our equipment sales consist of multiple performance obligations, including the delivery of the system itself and obligations that are not delivered simultaneously with 
the  system,  such  as  installation  services  and  training.  In  most  cases,  these  services  require  minimal  effort  and  are  perfunctory  in  nature.    Therefore,  equipment  and  related 
services are treated as one performance obligation.  Customers who purchase new systems are provided an assurance-type warranty, generally for periods of 12 to 24 months.  
Assurance-type warranties are not considered a performance obligation.

3) Determine the transaction price

The  transaction  price  is  determined  based  on  the  consideration  to  which  we  will  be  entitled  in  exchange  for  transferring  goods  and  services  to  the  customer.  The 
transaction  price  for  equipment  sales  is  adjusted  for  estimated  product  returns  that  we  expect  to  occur  under  our  return  policy  based  upon  past  return  rates,  which  have 
historically been immaterial.  In rare cases when the transaction price includes variable consideration, we estimate the amount of variable consideration that should be included 
in the transaction price utilizing either the expected value method or the most likely amount method, depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Any estimates, 
including the effect of the constraint on variable consideration, are evaluated at each reporting period for any changes.

The  transaction  price  is  based  on  the  price  reflected  in  the  individual  customer’s  purchase  order.  Variable  consideration  has  not  been  identified  as  a  significant 

component of the transaction price for any of our existing contracts.

4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the entire transaction price is allocated to the single performance obligation. Contracts that contain multiple 
distinct performance obligations require an allocation of the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation.  In rare cases, the transaction price is variable and meets 
criteria to be allocated entirely to each distinct performance obligation or to a distinct service that forms part of a single performance obligation.

When required, we determine the SSP for each performance obligation based on consideration of both market and company-specific factors, including the selling price 

and profit margin for similar products. For those contracts 

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
that contain multiple performance obligations (primarily system sales requiring extensive installation services), we must determine the SSP for each performance obligation. To 
determine the SSP for labor related performance obligations (such as the labor component of installation), we use directly observable inputs based on the standalone sale prices 
for  these  services.  We  use  a  cost-plus  margin  approach  in  determining  the  SSP  for  any  materials-related  performance  obligations  (e.g.,  system  add-ons,  spare  parts,  and 
systems).

5) Recognize revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation

We  satisfy  performance  obligations  either  over  time  or  at  a  point  in  time.  Revenue  is  recognized  over  time  if  either  (i)  the  customer  simultaneously  receives  and 
consumes the benefits provided by our performance, (ii) our performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced, or (iii) our 
performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity and we have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. If we do not satisfy a 
performance obligation over time, the related performance obligation is satisfied at a point in time by transferring the control of a promised good or service to a customer. 
Examples  of  control  are  using  the  asset  to  produce  goods  or  services,  enhance  the  value  of  other  assets,  settle  liabilities,  and  holding  or  selling  the  asset.  For  over  time 
recognition, we are required to select a single revenue recognition method for the performance obligation that faithfully depicts our performance in transferring control of the 
goods and services. We can choose between two methods to measure progress toward complete satisfaction of a performance obligation:

Output  methods  –  recognize  revenue  on  the  basis  of  direct  measurements  of  the  value  to  the  customer  of  the  goods  or  services  transferred  to  date  relative  to  the 
remaining  goods  or  services  promised  under  the  contract  (e.g.,  surveys  of  performance  completed  to  date,  appraisals  of  results  achieved,  milestones  reached,  time 
elapsed, and units of produced or units delivered); or

Input methods – recognize revenue on the basis of our efforts or inputs to the satisfaction of a performance obligation (e.g., resources consumed, labor hours expended, 
costs incurred, or time elapsed) relative to the total expected inputs to the satisfaction of that performance obligation.

Equipment and related product revenues (e.g., furnace systems, system add-ons, machinery, consumables and spare parts) are recognized at a point in time, when they 
are shipped or delivered, depending on contractual terms.  For products where the customer’s defined specifications have not been met with respect to at least two similarly 
configured systems and processes (i.e., new technology), the revenue and directly-related costs are deferred at the time of shipment and later recognized at the time of customer 
acceptance or when this criterion has been met.

For installation services related to our current products, revenue is recognized at a point in time, when the equipment is shipped or delivered, depending on contractual 
terms. The nature of the installation services requires minimal effort and is perfunctory in nature. Therefore, delivery of equipment and any related installation are treated as one 
performance obligation. Our installation obligations related to future products may differ, thus requiring treatment as a separate performance obligation.

Revenue for maintenance and service contracts are recognized over time. Progress in the satisfaction of these performance obligations will be measured using an input 

method of either time elapsed, in the case of fixed-period contracts, or labor hours expended, in the case of project-based contracts.

We exclude from the transaction price all sales taxes that are assessed by a governmental authority and that are imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-
producing transaction and collected from a customer (for example, sales, use, value added, and some excise taxes). Sales taxes are presented on a net basis (excluded from 
revenues) in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our remaining performance obligations as of September 30, 2021, have an original duration of one year or less. We do 
not have any payment terms that exceed one year from the point we have satisfied the related performance obligations.

Income Taxes. The calculation of tax liabilities involves significant judgment in identifying uncertain tax positions and estimating the amount of deferred tax assets that 
will  be  realized  in  the  future  and  the  impact  of  uncertainties  in  the  application  of  complex  tax  laws.  Resolution  of  these  uncertainties  in  a  manner  inconsistent  with  our 
expectations could have a material impact on our operations and financial condition.

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We are required to apply a more-likely-than-not threshold to the recognition and derecognition of uncertain tax positions and in determining whether certain tax benefits 
will be realized in the future. We are required to recognize the amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being ultimately realized upon settlement. It 
further requires that a change in judgment related to the expected ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions be recognized in earnings in the period of such change.

We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.  We consider past operating results, future 
market growth, historical and projected taxable income, the mix of earnings in the jurisdictions in which we operate, prudent and feasible tax planning strategies and statutory 
tax law changes in determining the need for a valuation allowance.  If we were to determine that it is more likely than not that we would not be able to realize all or part of our 
net deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would be charged to earnings in the period such determination is made.  Likewise, if we later 
determine that it is more likely than not that all or part of the net deferred tax assets would be realized, then all or part of the previously provided valuation allowance would be 
reversed.  As of September 30, 2021, we have significant U.S. deferred tax assets that have a full valuation allowance.  Any changes to the judgements related to our valuation 
allowance could have a material impact on our results of operations.

Inventory Valuation and Inventory Purchase Commitments. We value our inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory cost includes the purchase 
price of parts or finished good and any freight cost incurred to receive the inventory into our manufacturing facilities.  We regularly review inventory quantities and record a 
write-down to net realizable value for excess and obsolete inventory. The write-down is primarily based on historical inventory usage adjusted for expected changes in product 
demand and production requirements. Our industry is characterized by customers in highly-cyclical industries, rapid technological changes, frequent new product developments 
and rapid product obsolescence. Changes in demand for our products could result in further write-downs.

We  must  order  components  for  our  products  and  build  inventory  in  advance  of  product  shipments  through  issuance  of  purchase  orders  based  on  projected  demand. 
These  commitments  typically  cover  our  requirements  for  periods  ranging  from  30  to  180  days  or  longer  when  there  is  a  significant  increase  in  demand  or  lead-times  from 
suppliers. These purchase commitments may result in accepting delivery of components not needed to meet current demand.  We accrue for estimated cancellation fees related 
to component orders that have been cancelled or are expected to be cancelled, and for excess inventories that will likely result in our taking delivery of ordered inventory items 
in excess of our projected needs. If there is an abrupt and substantial decline in demand for one or more of our products, an unanticipated change in technological requirements 
for any of our products, or a change in our suppliers’ practice of not enforcing purchase commitments, we may be required to record additional charges for these items.  This 
would negatively impact gross margin in the period when the charges are recorded.

Indefinite-Lived Assets and Goodwill. We perform an annual impairment test in the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently if indicators of potential impairment 
exist, to determine whether the fair value of a reporting unit in which goodwill resides is less than its carrying value. We perform the first step of the goodwill impairment test, 
which compares the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to that unit, 
goodwill is not considered impaired and we are not required to perform additional analysis. If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit exceeds the fair 
value of the reporting unit, we would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value (although the loss 
would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit).

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Our goodwill impairment test uses a weighting of the income 
approach  and  the  market  approach  to  estimate  a  reporting  unit’s  fair  value.  The  income  approach  is  based  on  a  discounted  future  cash  flow  analysis  that  uses  certain 
assumptions including: projections of revenues and expenses and related cash flows based on assumed long-term growth rates and demand trends; expected future investments 
and working capital requirements to sustain and grow the business; and estimated discount rates based on the reporting unit’s weighted average cost of capital as derived by the 
Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and other methods, which includes observable market inputs and other data from identified comparable companies. The same estimates 
are also used internally for our capital budgeting process, and for 

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
long-term  and  short-term  business  planning  and  forecasting.  We  test  the  reasonableness  of  the  inputs  and  outcomes  of  our  discounted  cash  flow  analysis  against  available 
comparable market data.

The market approach is based on the application of appropriate market-derived multiples selected from (i) comparable publicly-traded companies and/or (ii) the implied 
transaction multiples derived from identified merger and acquisition activity in the market. Multiples are then selected based on a comparison of the reviewed data to that of the 
reporting unit and applied to relevant historical and forecasted financial parameters such as levels of revenues, EBITDA, EBIT or other metrics.

If actual results differ significantly from our projections, we may be required to record a material impairment charge.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For  discussion  of  recently  issued  accounting  pronouncements,  see  “Recently  Issued  Accounting  Pronouncements”  within  "Note  1.  Summary  of  Operations  and 

Significant Accounting Policies” in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”

ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As a smaller reporting company, as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act and in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, we are electing scaled disclosure reporting 

obligations and, therefore, are not required to provide the information requested by this Item.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets: September 30, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Operations: Years ended September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss): Years ended September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity: Years ended September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows: Years ended September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

46

47
49
50
51
52
53
54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of:

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Amtech Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the Company) as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and the related 
consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended September 30, 
2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material 
respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year 
period ended September 30, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  consolidated 
financial  statements  based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  PCAOB  and  are  required  to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in 
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material 
misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test 
basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates 
made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  We  believe  that  our  audits  provide  a  reasonable  basis  for  our 
opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  financial  statements  that  was  communicated  or  required  to  be 
communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, 
subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, 
and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Accounting for Income Taxes in Foreign Jurisdictions

As described in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company is subject to income taxes in the United States, as well as China and a number of other foreign 
jurisdictions. The application of tax laws to the Company’s operations can be complex and subject to different interpretations by the Company and respective governmental 
taxing authorities. The Company exercises judgment for the interpretation of current tax regulations. We identified the auditing of the accounting for income taxes as a critical 
audit matter.

The principal consideration for our determination that the auditing of income taxes was a critical audit matter was the complex auditor judgment required when evaluating the 
foreign income tax provisions and use of specialized knowledge and experience necessary in evaluating the completeness of the foreign tax provisions and uncertain tax 

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
positions primarily due to the Company’s multinational presence in numerous foreign jurisdictions with varying complexity in tax laws and regulations.

The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included:

(cid:0)

(cid:0)

(cid:0)

Testing the income tax provision in each significant foreign taxable jurisdiction, including performing procedures designed to test the completeness and accuracy 
of the permanent and temporary differences by obtaining an understanding of the tax laws applicable in the respective jurisdiction and evaluating communications 
with tax advisors, accounting records, and tax returns.

Evaluating  and  testing  the  appropriateness  of  the  methods  and  assumptions  used  in  the  Company’s  identification  of  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  and 
assessment  of  the  valuation  of  uncertain  tax  positions  in  each  of  its  foreign  taxable  jurisdictions,  including  the  determination  of  whether  the  methods  were 
consistent  with  the  requirements  of  U.S.  GAAP,  whether  the  data  was  appropriately  used,  and  whether  the  significant  assumptions  were  reasonable  and 
appropriately applied within the methods.

Engaging tax professionals with specialized skill and knowledge who assisted in (1) obtaining an understanding of the tax laws in each respective jurisdiction; (2) 
assessing the Company’s tax positions, 3) evaluating the Company’s interpretation of tax law and its assessment and measurement of certain tax uncertainties and 
expected outcomes by interpreting tax laws and evaluating and reading advice obtained from the Company.

/s/ MAYER HOFFMAN MCCANN P.C.

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2005.

Phoenix, Arizona
November 17, 2021

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Assets
Current Assets

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable - Net
Inventory - Net
Income taxes receivable
Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, Plant and Equipment - Net
Right-of-Use Assets - Net
Intangible Assets - Net
Goodwill - Net
Deferred Income Taxes - Net
Other Assets

Total Assets

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable
Accrued compensation and related taxes
Accrued warranty expense
Other accrued liabilities
Current maturities of long-term debt
Current portion of long-term lease liability
Contract liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-Term Debt
Long-Term Lease Liability
Income Taxes Payable
Other Long-Term Liabilities

Total Liabilities

Commitments and Contingencies
Shareholders’ Equity

Preferred stock; 100,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
Common stock; $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; shares
   issued and outstanding: 14,304,492 and 14,063,172 in
   2021 and 2020, respectively
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Retained deficit

Total Shareholders’ Equity

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

49

September 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

$

$

$

32,836  
22,502  
22,075  
1,046  
2,407  
80,866  
14,083  
8,646  
858  
11,168  
631  
661  
116,913  

8,229  
2,881  
545  
903  
396  
531  
1,624  
15,109  
4,402  
8,389  
3,277  
102  

31,279  

45,070  
11,243  
17,277  
1,362  
1,617  
76,569  
11,995  
5,124  
609  
6,633  
566  
602  
102,098  

2,676  
2,066  
380  
627  
380  
124  
1,224  
7,477  
4,798  
5,064  
3,240  
—  

20,579  

—  

—  

143  
126,380  
14  

(40,903 )  

85,634  
116,913  

$

141  
124,435  
(646 )
(42,411 )

81,519  
102,098  

$

$

$

$

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)

Revenue, net of returns and allowances
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Restructuring charges

Operating income (loss)
Loss on sale of subsidiary
Interest (expense) income and other, net

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax provision

Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net income (loss)

Income (Loss) Per Basic Share:

Basic income (loss) per share from continuing operations
Basic loss per share from discontinued operations

Net income (loss) per basic share

Income (Loss) Per Diluted Share:

Diluted income (loss) per share from continuing operations
Diluted loss per share from discontinued operations

Net income (loss) per diluted share

Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

50

  $

  $

  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

85,205  
50,675  

34,530  
24,740  
5,979  
86  

3,725  
—  
(291 )  

3,434  
1,926  

1,508  
—  

65,463     $
41,022    

24,441    
21,397    
3,312    
217    

(485 )  
(2,793 )  
162    

(3,116 )  
791    

(3,907 )  
(11,816 )  

1,508  

  $

(15,723 )   $

0.11  
—  

  $
  $

0.11  

  $

0.11  
—  

  $
  $

0.11  

  $

(0.28 )   $
(0.83 )   $

(1.11 )   $

(0.28 )   $
(0.83 )   $

(1.11 )   $

14,189  
14,340  

14,159    
14,159    

85,035  
51,678  

33,357  
24,263  
3,068  
1,110  

4,916  
—  
852  

5,768  
2,633  

3,135  
(8,297 )

(5,162 )

0.22  
(0.58 )

(0.36 )

0.22  
(0.58 )

(0.36 )

14,240  
14,275  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands)

Net income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Reclassification adjustment for net foreign currency translation
   losses included in net loss
Comprehensive income (loss)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

51

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

1,508     $
660    

—    

2,168     $

(15,723 )   $

1,790  

8,797  

(5,136 )   $

(5,162 )
(1,746 )

487  

(6,421 )

  $

  $

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands)

Common Stock

Treasury Stock

Shares

Par

 Value

Shares

Cost

Additional

Paid-in

Capital

Accumulated

Other

Comprehensive

Income (Loss)

Retained

Deficit

Total 

Shareholders’

Equity

Balances at September 30, 2018

14,217     $

142    

—     $

—     $

124,316     $

(9,974 )   $

(21,394 )   $

Net loss
Translation adjustment
Stock compensation expense
Stock options exercised

—    
—    
—    
52    

—    
—    
—    
1    

—    
—    
—    
—    

—    
—    
—    
—    

—    
—    
573    
209    

—    
(1,259 )  
—    
—    

(5,162 )  
—    
—    
—    

Balances at September 30, 2019

14,269     $

143    

—     $

—     $

125,098     $

(11,233 )   $

(26,556 )   $

Net loss
Translation adjustment
Stock compensation expense
Repurchase of treasury stock
Retirement of treasury stock
Stock options exercised

—    
—    
—    
—    
(366 )  
160    

—    
—    
—    
—    
(4 )  
2    

—    
—    
—    
(366 )  
366    
—    

—    
—    
—    
(2,000 )  
2,000    
—    

—    
—    
326    
—    
(1,864 )  
875    

—    
10,587    
—    
—    
—    
—    

(15,723 )  
—    
—    
—    
(132 )  
—    

Balances at September 30, 2020

14,063     $

141    

—     $

—     $

124,435     $

(646 )   $

(42,411 )   $

Net income
Translation adjustment
Stock compensation expense
Stock options exercised

—    
—    
—    
241    

—    
—    
—    
2    

—    
—    
—    
—    

—    
—    
—    
—    

—    
—    
401    
1,544    

—    
660    
—    
—    

1,508    
—    
—    
—    

Balances at September 30, 2021

14,304     $

143    

—     $

—     $

126,380     $

14     $

(40,903 )   $

93,090  

(5,162 )
(1,259 )
573  
210  

87,452  

(15,723 )
10,587  
326  
(2,000 )
—  
877  

81,519  

1,508  
660  
401  
1,546  

85,634  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

52

 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Operating Activities
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by
   operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Write-down of inventory
Provision for allowance for doubtful accounts
Deferred income taxes
Non-cash share-based compensation expense
Loss (gain) on sales of subsidiaries
Other, net

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable
Inventory
Contract and other assets
Accounts payable
Accrued income taxes
Accrued and other liabilities
Contract liabilities

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Net cash disposed of in sales of subsidiaries
Acquisition, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from the exercise of stock options
Repurchase of common stock
Payments on long-term debt
Borrowings on long-term debt

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and
   Restricted Cash
Net Decrease in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, Beginning of Year*

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, End of Year*

Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Income tax (payments) refunds, net
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest

Supplemental Non-cash Financing and Investing Activities:
Transfer of inventory to property, plant, and equipment
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities
Accrued for asset retirement obligation

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

1,508  

  $

(15,723 )   $

(5,162 )

1,398  
544  
44  
(65 )  
401  
—  
43  

(11,023 )  
(5,180 )  
(686 )  
5,472  
353  
829  
400  

(5,962 )  

(3,012 )  
—  
(5,082 )  

(8,094 )  

1,546  
—  
(380 )  
—  

1,166  

656  

(12,234 )  
45,070  

1,258    
733    
24    
218    
326    
13,709    
55    

1,359    
(913 )  
324    
(3,620 )  
(2,701 )  
4,658    
(1,371 )  

(1,664 )  

(2,676 )  
(9,940 )  
—    

(12,616 )  

877    
(2,000 )  
(379 )  
—    

(1,502 )  

1,718    

(14,064 )  
59,134    

  $

  $
  $

  $
  $
  $
  $

32,836  

  $

45,070     $

(1,868 )   $
  $

241  

39  
3,680  
160  
36  

  $
  $
  $
  $

(2,116 )   $
265     $

37     $
5,262     $
—     $
—     $

1,690  
3,193  
1,074  
220  
573  
(1,614 )
95  

299  
(435 )
12,847  
(1,787 )
(3,011 )
(6,876 )
(933 )

173  

(714 )
(1,112 )
—  

(1,826 )

210  
—  
(376 )
9  

(157 )

(1,552 )

(3,362 )
62,496  

59,134  

993  
262  

—  
—  
—  
—  

* 

Includes Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash that are included in Held-For-Sale Assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for periods prior to January 22, 2020.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
   
     
   
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
For the Years Ended September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019

1.  Summary of Operations and Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business – Amtech is a leading, global manufacturer of capital equipment, including thermal processing and wafer polishing, and related consumables 
used in fabricating semiconductor devices, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and silicon power devices, analog and discrete devices, electronic assemblies and light-emitting diodes 
(LEDs). We sell these products to semiconductor device and module manufacturers worldwide, particularly in Asia, North America and Europe.

We serve niche markets in industries that are experiencing technological advances, and which historically have been very cyclical. Therefore, future profitability and 

growth depend on our ability to develop or acquire and market profitable new products and on our ability to adapt to cyclical trends.

Our fiscal year is from October 1 to September 30. Unless otherwise stated, references to the years 2021, 2020 and 2019 relate to the fiscal years ended September 30, 

2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

In  March  2020,  the  outbreak  of  COVID-19  was  recognized  as  a  pandemic  by  the  World  Health  Organization,  and  the  outbreak  became  increasingly  widespread, 
including in all of the markets in which we operate. We continue to monitor the impact of COVID-19 on all aspects of our business. We are a company operating in a critical 
infrastructure industry, as defined by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Consistent with federal guidelines and with state and local orders to date, we have continued 
to operate across our footprint throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the onset of COVID-19 and its negative effects on our business, most prominently reflected in 
our second, third and fourth quarter fiscal 2020 results, global economic conditions improved during fiscal 2021, resulting in increased demand for our products and services, 
which led to our earnings for fiscal 2021 substantially exceeding our fiscal 2020 results. There remain many unknowns and we continue to monitor the expected trends and 
related demand for our products and services and have and will continue to adjust our operations accordingly.

Principles  of  Consolidation  –  The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  the  Company  and  our  wholly-owned  subsidiaries.    All  significant 

intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.  

Use of Estimates – The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America 
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of 
the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications –  Certain  reclassifications  have  been  made  to  prior  year  financial  statements  to  conform  to  the  current  year  presentation.  Results  for  all  periods 
presented in this report have been reclassified for changes to our reportable segments (Note 17). These reclassifications had no effect on the previously reported consolidated 
financial statements for any period.

Divestitures – Significant accounting policies associated with a decision to dispose of a business are discussed below:

Discontinued Operations – A business is classified as discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that will have a major effect on operations or 
financial  results  and  meets  the  criteria  to  be  classified  as  held  for  sale  or  is  disposed  of  by  sale  or  otherwise.  Significant  judgments  are  involved  in  determining  whether  a 
business meets the criteria for discontinued operations reporting and the period in which these criteria are met. If a business is reported as a discontinued operation, the results 
of operations through the date of sale, including any gain or loss recognized on the disposition, are presented on a separate line of the Consolidated Statement of Operations. 
Interest on debt directly attributable to the discontinued operation is allocated to discontinued operations.

Assets Held for Sale – An asset or business is classified as held for sale when (i) management commits to a plan to sell and it is actively marketed; (ii) it is available for 
immediate sale and the sale is expected to be completed within one year; and (iii) it is unlikely significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn. 
In 

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
isolated instances, assets held for sale may exceed one year due to events or circumstances beyond our control. The assets and related liabilities are aggregated and reported on 
separate lines of the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Our cash and 

cash equivalents consist of amounts invested in U.S. money market funds and various U.S. and foreign bank operating and time deposit accounts.

We maintain our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash in multiple financial institutions. Balances in the United States, which account for approximately 83% and 
89% of total cash balances as of September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, are primarily invested in U.S. Treasuries or are in financial institutions insured by the FDIC. The 
remainder  of  our  cash  is  maintained  with  financial  institutions  with  reputable  credit  in  China,  the  United  Kingdom  and  Malaysia.    We  maintain  cash  in  bank  accounts  in 
amounts which at times may exceed federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses on such accounts.

Restricted  Cash  –  Restricted  cash  includes  collateral  for  bank  guarantees  required  by  certain  customers  from  whom  deposits  have  been  received  in  advance  of 

shipment.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts – Accounts receivable are recorded at the sales price of products sold to customers on trade credit terms. 
Accounts receivable are considered past due when payment has not been received from the customer within the normal credit terms extended to that customer. A valuation 
allowance  is  established  for  accounts  when  collection  is  no  longer  probable.  Accounts  are  written  off  against  the  allowance  when  the  probability  of  collection  is  remote.  
Historically, these write-offs have been immaterial.

Inventory – We value our inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory cost includes the purchase price of parts or finished goods and any freight 
cost incurred to receive the inventory into our manufacturing facilities.  We regularly review inventory quantities and record a write-down to net realizable value for excess and 
obsolete  inventory.  The  write-down  is  primarily  based  on  historical  inventory  usage  adjusted  for  expected  changes  in  product  demand  and  production  requirements.  Our 
industry is characterized by customers in highly-cyclical industries, rapid technological changes, frequent new product developments and rapid product obsolescence. Changes 
in demand for our products could result in further write-downs.

Property, Plant and Equipment – Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost upon acquisition.  We begin depreciation and amortization when an asset is both 
in the location and condition for its intended use. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The cost of property retired or sold and the related accumulated 
depreciation  and  amortization  are  removed  from  the  applicable  accounts  when  disposition  occurs  and  any  gain  or  loss  is  recognized.  Depreciation  and  amortization  are 
computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset. Useful lives for equipment and machinery range from three to seven years; for leasehold 
improvements from three to fifteen years; for furniture and fixtures from five to ten years; and for buildings from 20 to 30 years.

Reviews  are  regularly  performed  to  determine  whether  facts  and  circumstances  exist  which  indicate  that  the  useful  life  is  shorter  than  originally  estimated  or  the 

carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the estimated fair value of those assets.

Leases – We determine if a contract or arrangement is, or contains, a lease at inception.  Balances related to operating leases are included in right-of-use assets in our 
Consolidated Balance Sheet.  Balances related to financing leases are immaterial and are included in property, plant and equipment, other current liabilities, and long-term lease 
liability in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.  ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make 
lease payments arising from the lease.  

ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term.  As none of our leases provide an 
implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.  The ROU 
asset includes any prepaid lease payments and additional direct costs and excludes lease incentives.  Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when 
it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option.  

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We  lease  office  space,  buildings,  land,  vehicles  and  equipment.  Lease  agreements  with  an  initial  term  of  12  months  or  less  are  not  recorded  on  the  balance  sheet.  
Instead, we recognize the lease expense as incurred over the lease term.  Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive 
covenants. We have one lease that requires the underlying asset to be returned to its original condition at the end of the lease term.

Certain lease agreements include one or more options to renew, with individual option terms that can extend the lease term from one to five years. The exercise of lease 
renewal options is at our sole discretion. Some equipment leases also include options to purchase the leased property. The estimated life of assets and leasehold improvements 
are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or purchase option reasonably certain of exercise.   

Intangible Assets – Intangible assets acquired in business combinations are capitalized and subsequently amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful 
life, if the life is determinable. If the life is not determinable, amortization is not recorded. We regularly perform reviews to determine if facts and circumstances exist which 
indicate that the useful lives of our intangible assets are shorter than originally estimated or the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. Impairment, if any, is 
based  on  the  excess  of  the  carrying  amount  over  the  estimated  fair  value  of  those  assets.  Patent  costs  consist  primarily  of  legal  and  filing  fees  incurred  to  file  patents  on 
proprietary methods and technology we developed. Patent costs are expensed when incurred, as they are insignificant.

Goodwill –  Goodwill  is  recorded  when  the  purchase  price  paid  for  an  acquisition  exceeds  the  estimated  fair  value  of  net  identified  tangible  and  intangible  assets 
acquired.  Goodwill is not subject to amortization but is tested for impairment annually or when it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting 
unit is less than its carrying amount. If it is concluded that there is a potential impairment, we would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying 
amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value (although the loss would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit).  

Revenue Recognition – We recognize revenue when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to 
receive in exchange for those goods or services. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a product or service to the customer. The transaction price of a 
contract is allocated to each distinct performance obligation based upon the relative standalone selling price for each performance obligation and is recognized as revenue upon 
satisfaction of the performance obligation, either at a point in time or over time.

Equipment and related product revenues (e.g., furnace systems, system add-ons, machinery, consumables and spare parts) are recognized at a point in time, when they 
are shipped or delivered, depending on contractual terms.  For products where the customer’s defined specifications have not been met with respect to at least two similarly 
configured systems and processes (i.e., new technology), the revenue and directly-related costs are deferred at the time of shipment and later recognized at the time of customer 
acceptance or when this criterion has been met.

For installation services related to our current products, revenue is recognized at a point in time, when the equipment is shipped or delivered, depending on contractual 
terms.  The  nature  of  the  installation  services  requires  minimal  effort  and  is  perfunctory  in  nature.  Therefore,  equipment  and  any  related  installation  are  treated  as  one 
performance obligation. 

Revenue for maintenance and service contracts are recognized over time. Progress in the satisfaction of these performance obligations will be measured using an input 

method of either time elapsed in the case of fixed-period contracts, or labor hours expended, in the case of project-based contracts.  

Revenue is recorded net of customer discounts or rebates, if any.  Customers who purchase new systems are provided an assurance-type warranty, generally for periods 

of 12 to 24 months.  Assurance-type warranties are not considered a performance obligation.

We exclude from the transaction price all sales taxes that are assessed by a governmental authority and that are imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-

producing transaction and collected from a customer (for example, 

56

 
 
 
 
                
  
  
  
                
sales, use, value added, and some excise taxes). Sales taxes are presented on a net basis (excluded from revenues) in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our remaining 
performance obligations as of September 30, 2021, have an original duration of one year or less. We do not have any payment terms that exceed one year from the point we 
have satisfied the related performance obligations.

We will recognize an asset from costs incurred to fulfill a contract only if such costs relate directly to a contract that we can specifically identify, the costs generate or 
enhance resources that we will use in satisfying performance obligations in the future, and the costs are expected to be recovered. Any assets recognized related to costs to 
obtain or fulfill a contract are amortized to selling, general and administrative expense on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or 
services to which the asset relates.

In  substantially  all  of  our  business  transactions,  we  incur  incremental  costs  to  obtain  contracts  with  customers,  in  the  form  of  sales  commissions.  We  maintain  a 
commission  program  which  rewards  our  sales  representatives  for  system  sales  and  our  employees  for  system  sales  and  other  individual  goals.  We  have  elected  a  practical 
expedient to allow for the recognition of commission expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the entity otherwise would have recognized is one year 
or less. Based on the nature of our contracts with customers, we expense all commissions as incurred based upon the expectation that the amortization period would be one year 
or less.  

We  account  for  shipping  and  handling  activities  that  occur  after  control  of  the  related  good  transfers  as  fulfillment  activities  instead  of  assessing  such  activities  as 

performance obligations.

Management  reviews  disaggregated  revenue  at  the  operating  segment  level.  Revenue-generating  transactions  vary  between  our  operating  segments  due  to  several 
factors.  For example, lead times vary among our operating segments and among our products. Most of the revenue for our Material and Substrate segment results from the sale 
of consumables, rather than equipment sales.  These consumables have a much shorter production period than equipment produced by our other operating segment. Due to 
these  variations  between  operating  segments,  management  determined  that  disaggregated  revenue  by  segment  sufficiently  depicts  how  economic  factors  affect  the  nature, 
amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows.  See Note 17 for additional information on our reportable business segments.

Contract  Assets  –  Contract  assets  consist  of  amounts  we  are  not  legally  able  to  invoice  but  have  completed  the  related  performance  obligation.  These  amounts 
generally arise from variances between the contractual payment terms and the transaction price assigned to the open performance obligations (e.g., we have recognized revenue 
in an amount greater than the amount that is billable under the contract). There were no contract assets at September 30, 2021 and 2020.

Contract  Liabilities  –  Contract  liabilities  are  reflected  in  current  liabilities  on  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  as  all  performance  obligations  are  expected  to  be 
satisfied within the next 12 months. Contract liabilities include customer deposits and deferred profit, if any.  Contract liabilities relate to payments invoiced or received in 
advance of completion of performance obligations under a contract. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue upon the fulfillment of performance obligations. Contract 
liabilities consist of customer deposits as of September 30, 2021 and 2020.

Warranty – A limited warranty is provided free of charge, generally for periods of 12 to 36 months to all purchasers of our new products and systems. Accruals are 
recorded for estimated warranty costs at the time revenue is recognized, generally upon shipment or acceptance, as determined under the revenue recognition policy above. On 
occasion, we have been required and may be required in the future to provide additional warranty coverage to ensure that the systems are ultimately accepted or to maintain 
customer goodwill. While our warranty costs have historically been within our expectations and we believe that the amounts accrued for warranty expenditures are sufficient 
for all systems sold through September 30, 2021, we cannot guarantee that we will continue to experience a similar level of predictability with regard to warranty costs. In 
addition, technological changes or previously unknown defects in raw materials or components may result in more extensive and frequent warranty service than anticipated, 
which could result in an increase in our warranty expense.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following is a summary of activity in accrued warranty expense at our continuing operations (in thousands):

Beginning balance
Additions for warranties issued during the period
Reductions in the liability for payments made under
   the warranty
Changes related to pre-existing warranties
Currency translation adjustment

Ending balance

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

380  
250  

(9 )    
(76 )    
—  

545  

  $

  $

556  
393  

(433 )    
(121 )    
(15 )    

380  

  $

644  
785  

(693 )
(179 )
(1 )

556  

  $

  $

Shipping Expense – Shipping expenses at our continuing operations of $0.8 million, $0.5 million and $0.7 million for 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are included 

in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Advertising Expense – Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.  Advertising expenses at our continuing operations of $0.2 million, $0.3 million and $0.4 million 

for 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Stock-Based Compensation – We measure compensation costs relating to share-based payment transactions based upon the grant-date fair value of the award. Those 
costs are recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period, with forfeitures recognized as they occur.  We estimate the fair value of 
stock option awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.  The Black-Scholes model requires us to apply highly subjective assumptions, including 
expected stock price volatility, expected life of the option and the risk-free interest rate.  

Research,  Development  and  Engineering  Expenses  –  RD&E  expenses  consist  of  the  cost  of  employees,  consultants  and  contractors  who  design,  engineer  and 
develop  new  products  and  processes  as  well  as  materials  and  supplies  used  in  producing  prototypes.  RD&E  expenses  may  vary  from  period  to  period  depending  on  the 
engineering projects in process. Expenses related to engineers working on strategic projects or sustaining engineering projects are recorded in RD&E.  However, from time to 
time we add functionality to our products or develop new products during engineering and manufacturing to fulfill specifications in a customer’s order, in which case the cost of 
development, along with other costs of the order, are charged to cost of goods sold.   When certain contract requirements are met, governmental research and development 
grants are netted against research, development and engineering expenses.  The following is a summary of our research, development and engineering expense (in thousands):

Research, development and engineering
Grants earned

Net research, development and engineering

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

  $

5,979     $
—    

5,979     $

  $

3,689  
(377 )  

3,312  

  $

3,112  
(44 )

3,068  

Foreign  Currency  Transactions  and  Translation  –  We  use  the  U.S.  dollar  as  our  reporting  currency.    Our  operations  in  the  UK,  China  and  other  countries  are 
primarily conducted in their functional currencies, the Euro, Renminbi, or the local country currency, respectively.  Accordingly, assets and liabilities of the subsidiaries are 
translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rate for each month within 
the year. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded directly in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax - foreign currency translation adjustments as a 
separate component of shareholders’ equity. Net foreign currency transaction gains/losses, including transaction gains/losses on intercompany balances that are not of a long-
term investment nature and non-functional currency cash balances, are reported as a separate component of non-operating (income) expense in our Consolidated Statements of 
Operations.

Income Taxes – We file consolidated federal income tax returns in the United States for all subsidiaries except those in China and the United Kingdom, where separate 

returns are filed.  We compute deferred income tax assets and liabilities based upon cumulative temporary differences between financial reporting and taxable income, 

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
carryforwards available and enacted tax laws.  We also accrue a liability for uncertain tax positions when it is more likely than not that such tax will be incurred.

Deferred tax assets reflect the tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying value of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts 
used for income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management and based on the weight of available evidence, it is 
more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Each quarter, the valuation allowance is re-evaluated.  In 2020, we reversed a portion of 
the valuation allowance related to foreign deferred tax assets which we have determined will be utilized against net operating income in future years. In 2019, we reversed a 
portion of the valuation allowance related to net operating loss carryforwards which we had determined would be utilized against net operating income. We will continue to 
monitor our cumulative income and loss positions in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions to determine whether full or partial valuation allowances on net deferred tax assets are 
appropriate

Concentrations of Credit Risk – Our customers are primarily manufacturers of semiconductor substrates and devices and electronic assemblies. Financial instruments 
that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and trade accounts receivable. Credit risk is managed by performing ongoing 
credit  evaluations  of  the  customers’  financial  condition,  by  requiring  significant  deposits  where  appropriate,  and  by  actively  monitoring  collections.  Letters  of  credit  are 
required of certain customers depending on the size of the order, type of customer or its creditworthiness, and country of domicile.

As  of  September  30,  2021,  one  Semiconductor  customer  individually  represented  14%  of  accounts  receivable.    As  of  September  30,  2020,  two  Semiconductor 

customers individually represented 11% and 10% of accounts receivable.

Refer to Note 19 for information regarding revenue and assets in other countries subject to fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments – We group our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis into three levels, based on the markets 

in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

Level 1 – Valuation is based upon quoted market price for identical instruments traded in active markets.

Level 2 – Valuation is based on quoted market prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not 
active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

Level  3  –  Valuation  is  generated  from  model-based  techniques  that  use  significant  assumptions  not  observable  in  the  market.  Valuation  techniques  include  use  of 
discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.  

It is our policy to use observable inputs whenever reasonably practicable in order to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements. 
When available, we use quoted market prices to measure fair value. If market prices are not available, the fair value measurement is based on models that use primarily market-
based parameters including interest rate yield curves, option volatilities and currency rates. In certain cases, where market rate assumptions are not available, we are required to 
make judgments about assumptions market participants would use to estimate the fair value of a financial instrument. Changes in the underlying assumptions used, including 
discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect current or future valuations.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash – Included in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are money market funds 
invested in treasury bills, notes and other direct obligations of the U.S. Treasury and foreign bank operating and time deposit accounts. The fair value of these accounts are 
based on Level 1 inputs in the fair value hierarchy.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Receivables and Payables  –  The  recorded  amounts  of  these  financial  instruments,  including  accounts  receivable  and  accounts  payable,  approximate  their  fair  value 

because of the short maturities of these instruments. These financial instruments are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Debt  –  The  recorded  amounts  of  these  financial  instruments,  including  long-term  debt  and  current  maturities  of  long-term  debt,  approximate  fair  value  and  are 

considered Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

There were no new accounting pronouncements issued or effective as of September 30, 2021 that had or are expected to have a material impact on our consolidated 

financial statements. 

2. Acquisition

On March 3, 2021, we acquired 100%  of  the  issued  and  outstanding  capital  stock  of  Intersurface  Dynamics,  a  Connecticut-based  manufacturer  of  substrate  process 
chemicals  used  in  various  manufacturing  processes,  including  semiconductors,  silicon  and  compound  semiconductor  wafers,  and  optics,  for  a  cash  purchase  price  of  $5.3 
million. The total fair value of net assets acquired was approximately $0.7 million, including $0.4 million of identifiable intangible assets consisting of customer relationships 
and brand name, which are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives of ten and three years, respectively. Goodwill acquired approximated $4.5 
million, which was recorded in our Material and Substrate segment. Intersurface Dynamics's results of operations are included in our Material and Substrate segment from the 
date of acquisition. Our historical results would not have been materially affected by the acquisition of Intersurface Dynamics.

3. Cybersecurity Incident

On April 12, 2021, we detected a data incident in which attackers acquired data and disabled some of the technology systems used by one of our subsidiaries.  Upon 
learning of the incident, we immediately engaged external counsel and retained a team of third-party forensic, incident response, and security professionals to investigate and 
determine  the  full  scope  of  this  incident.    We  also  notified  law  enforcement  officials  and  confirmed  that  the  incident  is  covered  by  our  insurance.    We  have  completed  the 
investigation  of  the  data  incident  with  assistance  from  our  outside  professionals,  and  indications  were  that  the  unauthorized  third-party  gained  access  to  certain  personal 
information relating to employees and their beneficiaries for some of our operations.  There was no indication of any misuse of this information.

Despite this disruption, production continued in our facilities.  Our previously disabled subsidiary network is now back up and running securely. Working alongside our 
security professionals, we were able to bring our subsidiary’s systems online with enhanced security controls. We have deployed an advanced next generation anti-virus and 
endpoint  detection  and  response  tool,  as  well  as  Managed  Detection  &  Response  services.    We  remain  committed  to  protecting  the  security  of  the  personal  information 
entrusted to us and providing high-quality products and service to our customers.

We recorded approximately $1.1 million of expense related to this incident, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses, during the third quarter of 
2021.    The  expense  is  primarily  related  to  third-party  service  providers,  including  security  professionals  as  well  as  legal  and  response  teams.  We  may  make  additional 
investments in the future to further strengthen our cybersecurity. We filed an insurance claim during the fourth quarter of 2021 related to the incident. Disputes over the extent 
of insurance coverage for claims are not uncommon, and there will be a time lag between the initial incurrence of costs and the receipt of any insurance proceeds.  There is no 
guarantee that we will be fully reimbursed for all expenses incurred. As of September 30, 2021, we have been approved for a reimbursement of approximately $0.4 million and 
received a request for additional information related to certain items in our claim.

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.  Earnings Per Share & Diluted Earnings Per Share

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. 
Diluted EPS is computed similarly to basic EPS except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding 
if potentially dilutive common shares had been issued. In the case of a net loss, diluted EPS is calculated in the same manner as basic EPS.

For the years 2021, 2020 and 2019, options for 101,000, 642,000 and 978,000 weighted average shares, respectively, were excluded from the diluted EPS calculations 

because they were anti-dilutive.  These shares could become dilutive in the future.

A reconciliation of the denominators of the basic and diluted EPS calculations follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Numerator:

Net income (loss) from continuing operations
Net loss from discontinued operations
Net income (loss)

Denominator:

Weighted-average shares used to compute basic
   EPS
Common stock equivalents (1)

Weighted-average shares used to compute diluted
   EPS

Basic income (loss) per share from continuing
   operations
Basic loss per share from discontinued
   operations
Net income (loss) per basic share

Diluted income (loss) per share from continuing
   operations
Diluted loss per share from discontinued
   operations
Net income (loss) per diluted share

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

1,508     $
—     $

1,508     $

(3,907 )   $
(11,816 )   $

(15,723 )   $

14,189      
151      

14,159  
—  

14,340      

14,159  

0.11     $

(0.28 )   $

—     $

0.11     $

(0.83 )   $

(1.11 )   $

0.11     $

(0.28 )   $

—     $

0.11     $

(0.83 )   $

(1.11 )   $

3,135  
(8,297 )

(5,162 )

14,240  
35  

14,275  

0.22  

(0.58 )

(0.36 )

0.22  

(0.58 )

(0.36 )

  $
  $
  $

  $

  $
  $

  $

  $
  $

(1)  The number of common stock equivalents is calculated using the treasury stock method and the average market price during the period. 

5.  Restructuring Plans

The table below details the restructuring activity for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.  The activity during 2020 is the result of staff reductions at our 
Massachusetts operations as we evaluated staffing across our Semiconductor operations.  The activity during 2021 relates to staff reductions in our Semiconductor and Material 
and Substrate operations.  The outstanding obligations as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 are as follows, in thousands:

Balance at beginning of the year
Severance expense, net of adjustments
Cash payments

Balance at the end of the year

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

  $

102  
86  
(171 )    

17  

  $

40  
217  
(155 )

102  

  $

  $

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
     
 
   
 
 
 
     
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
During fiscal 2019, the Company and its former Chief Executive Officer and President, Fokko Pentinga, agreed on a transition of leadership, pursuant to which Mr. 
Pentinga stepped down as the Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of the Company effective December 6, 2018 (the “Effective Date”). In connection with his 
departure, Mr. Pentinga and the Company entered into a Separation Agreement and General Release of all Claims, dated November 28, 2018 (the “Separation Agreement”). 
Pursuant to the Separation Agreement, Mr. Pentinga received a severance payment of $864,000 in gross, less all customary and appropriate income and employment taxes; a 
payment of $458,500 for all other amounts due him; all of his time-based stock options (the “Options”) became fully vested and immediately exercisable; and certain other 
benefits as set forth in the Separation Agreement. Mr. Pentinga had the right to exercise Options with an exercise price of $7.01 or less until December 31, 2019. The remaining 
Options were exercisable during the 90-day period following the Effective Date, which resulted in an additional $108,000 in stock-based compensation expense.

6.  Inventory

The components of inventory are as follows (in thousands):

Purchased parts and raw materials
Work-in-process
Finished goods

Excess and obsolete reserves

7. Property, Plant and Equipment

The following is a summary of property, plant and equipment (in thousands):

Land
Buildings
Building and leasehold improvements
Equipment and machinery
Furniture and fixtures

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

September 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

 $

16,260  
4,865  
5,055  

26,180  
(4,105 )   

22,075  

 $

14,530  
3,074  
3,942  

21,546  
(4,269 )

17,277  

September 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

 $

3,240  
5,396  
4,622  
6,261  
2,458  

21,977  
(7,894 )   

14,083  

 $

3,240  
5,396  
2,900  
6,231  
1,344  

19,111  
(7,116 )

11,995  

 $

 $

 $

 $

Depreciation was $1.2 million, $0.8 million and $0.9 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
8.  Leases

The  following  table  provides  information  about  the  financial  statement  classification  of  our  lease  balances  reported  within  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  as  of 

September 30, 2021 and 2020, in thousands:

Assets

Operating lease assets
Finance lease assets

Total lease assets

Liabilities
Current

Operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities

Non-current

Operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities

Total lease liabilities

September 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

8,646  
174  

8,820  

  $

  $

470  
61  

8,279  
110  

8,920  

  $

5,124  
26  

5,150  

113  
11  

5,048  
16  

5,188  

The following table provides information about the financial statement classification of our lease expenses reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations for 

the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, in thousands:

Lease cost
Operating lease cost
Operating lease cost
Finance lease cost
Finance lease cost
Short-term lease cost

Total lease cost

Classification
  Cost of sales

Selling, general and administrative expenses

  Cost of sales

Selling, general and administrative expenses

  Cost of sales

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

  $

  $

536     $
256    
5    
17    
191    

1,005     $

208  
84  
16  
8  
164  

480  

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable leases as of September 30, 2021 are as follows, in thousands:

2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total lease payments
Less:  Interest

Operating Leases

Finance Leases

Total

  $

  $

1,060  
1,053  
1,037  
1,022  
906  
8,825  

13,903  
5,154  

  $

66  
66  
48  
—  
—  
—  

180  
9  

Present value of lease liabilities

  $

8,749  

  $

171  

  $

Operating lease payments include $6.4 million related to options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised.

1,126  
1,119  
1,085  
1,022  
906  
8,825  

14,083  
5,163  

8,920  

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
The following table provides information about the remaining lease terms and discount rates applied as of September 30, 2021:

Weighted average remaining lease term

Operating leases
Finance leases

Weighted average discount rate

Operating leases
Finance leases

9.  Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):

September 30,
2021

16.92 years
2.79 years

4.17 %
4.17 %

Customer lists
Trade names 

Accumulated Amortization

Intangible assets, net

Useful Life

6-10 years
3-15 years

September 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

$

1,609  
879  

2,488  
(1,630 )  

858  

$

1,219  
869  

2,088  
(1,479 )

609  

$

$

During 2021, we periodically assessed whether any indicators of impairment existed related to our intangible assets.  As of each interim period end during fiscal 2021, 

we concluded that a triggering event had not occurred that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of intangible assets below their carrying value.

Amortization expense related to intangible assets at our continuing operations was $0.2 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  

Future amortization expense for the remaining unamortized balance as of September 30, 2021 is estimated as follows, in thousands:

Years Ending September 30,
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total

Amortization
Expense

100  
100  
98  
97  
97  
366  

858  

  $

  $

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
10.  Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the year ended September 30, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Balance at September 30, 2020
Goodwill acquired during 2021
Impairment of goodwill

Balance at September 30, 2021

Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses

Balance at September 30, 2021

Semiconductor

    Material and Substrate    

Net Goodwill

5,905     $
—    

5,905    
—    
—    

5,905     $

5,905     $
—    

5,905     $

728     $
—    

728    
4,535    
—    

5,263     $

5,263     $
—    

5,263     $

6,633  
—  

6,633  
4,535  
—  

11,168  

11,168  
—  

11,168  

  $

  $
  $

  $

On March 3, 2021, we acquired Intersurface Dynamics, which has been integrated into our Material and Substrate segment.  Under the purchase method of accounting, 
the purchase price for the acquisition was allocated to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values.  The 
excess purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired of approximately $4.5 million was recorded as goodwill in the Material and Substrate segment.  The primary driver 
for this acquisition was to bolster our offerings in the substrate consumables space and incorporate wafer processing coolants and chemicals to our existing consumable and 
machine product lines.

During 2021, we periodically assessed whether any indicators of impairment existed which would require us to perform an interim impairment review.  As of each 
interim period end during fiscal 2021, we concluded that a triggering event had not occurred that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our reporting units below 
their carrying values.  We performed our annual test of goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter of 2021.  The results of the goodwill impairment test indicated that the 
fair values of our Semiconductor and Material and Substrate reporting units were in excess of the carrying values, and, thus, we did not require an impairment charge.  While 
the quantitative analysis indicated no impairment of Semiconductor and Material and Substrate segment goodwill existed as of September 30, 2021, if the future performance of 
these  reporting  units  fall  short  of  our  expectations  or  if  there  are  significant  changes  in  operations  due  to  changes  in  market  conditions,  we  could  be  required  to  recognize 
material impairment charges in future periods.

11. Income Taxes

The following note related to income taxes includes both continuing and discontinued operations. The components of income (loss) before provision for income taxes 

are as follows (in thousands):

Domestic
Foreign

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

(3,320 )
6,754  

3,434  

  $

(18,652 )   $
3,673  

(14,979 )   $

916  
(4,648 )

(3,732 )

  $

  $

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
  
 
The components of the provision for income taxes are as follows (in thousands):

Current:

Domestic federal
Foreign
Foreign withholding taxes
Domestic state

Total current

Deferred:
Foreign

Total deferred

Total provision

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

  $

  $

—  
1,999  
292  
(300 )    

1,991  

(65 )    

(65 )    

1,926  

  $

(239 )   $
1,407  
201  
(59 )    

1,310  

(566 )    

(566 )    

744  

  $

—  
1,278  
94  
58  

1,430  

—  

—  

1,430  

The CARES Act, which was signed into law on March 27, 2020, included a provision for a five-year carryback of net operating losses. The Company has assessed the 
benefit of the provision and utilized a portion of the 2019 net operating loss carryback to offset income from 2018. The income tax provision as of and for the year ended 
September 30, 2020 reflects such impact.

Due to the tax treatment relating to the sales of SoLayTec and Tempress, we realized income tax benefits of $1.3 million and $11.1 million.  We realized income tax 
expense of $0.2 million for the sale of R2D. The income tax benefits for SoLayTec and Tempress are reflected in our discontinued operations in 2019 and 2020, respectively.  
The income tax expense for R2D is reflected in our continuing operations in 2020.  The income tax expense (benefit) is fully offset by a valuation allowance.

A reconciliation of actual income taxes to income taxes at the expected U.S. federal corporate income tax rate is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):

Federal statutory rate
Tax expense (benefit) at the federal statutory rate
Effect of permanent book-tax differences
State tax provision
Valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets
Uncertain tax items
Tax rate differential
Other items

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

21.0 %   
 $
722  
54  
24  
842  
(276 )
267  
293  

21.0 %   
 $

(3,146 )
145  
34  
3,775  
(47 )
222  
(239 )

1,926  

 $

744  

 $

21.0 %
(784 )
272  
31  
1,682  
74  
150  
5  

1,430  

 $

 $

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Deferred  income  taxes  reflect  the  tax  effects  of  temporary  differences  between  the  carrying  value  of  assets  and  liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the 

amounts used for income tax purposes.  The components of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

September 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

Deferred tax assets (liabilities):
Capitalized inventory costs
Inventory write-downs
Accrued warranty
Deferred profits
Accruals and reserves not currently deductible
Stock option expense
Federal net operating loss carryforwards
Foreign and state net operating losses
Book vs. tax depreciation and amortization
Foreign tax credits
Other deferred tax assets

Total deferred tax assets
Valuation allowance

  $

  $

103  
815  
78  
—  
1,827  
832  
20,365  
285  
(1,724 )
1,207  
135  

23,923  
(23,292 )

Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance

  $

631  

  $

Changes in the deferred tax valuation allowance are as follows (in thousands):

204  
991  
53  
1  
2,913  
806  
18,445  
231  
(1,465 )
—  
120  

22,299  
(21,733 )

566  

Balance at the beginning of the year
Additions (reductions) to valuation allowance

Balance at the end of the year

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

  $

21,733  
1,559  

23,292  

  $

23,900  
(2,167 )

21,733  

  $

  $

The  deferred  tax  valuation  allowance  increased  by  $1.6  million  and  decreased  by  $2.2  million  for  the  years  ended  September  30,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.    In 
assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate 
realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. We 
consider  the  scheduled  reversal  of  deferred  tax  liabilities,  projected  future  income  and  tax  planning  strategies  in  making  this  assessment.  We  have  established  valuation 
allowances on substantially all net U.S. deferred tax assets, after considering all of the available objective evidence, both positive and negative, historical and prospective, with 
greater weight given to historical evidence, and determined it is not more likely than not that these assets will be realized.  In 2020, we reversed a portion of the valuation 
allowance related to foreign deferred tax assets which we have determined will be utilized against net operating income in future years. In 2019, we reversed a portion of the 
valuation  allowance  related  to  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  which  we  had  determined  would  be  utilized  against  net  operating  income  in  the  respective  years.  We  will 
continue to monitor our cumulative income and loss positions in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions to determine whether full or partial valuation allowances on net deferred tax 
assets are appropriate.

As of September 30, 2021, we have federal net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $13.0 million that expire at various times between 2031 and 2035. The 
utilization  of  those  federal  net  operating  losses  is  limited  to  approximately  $0.8  million  per  year.  Additionally,  we  have  federal  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  of 
approximately $84.0 million that have an indefinite carryforward period. The utilization of those federal net operating losses is limited to 80% of taxable income after 2021. We 
have no foreign net operating loss carryforwards as of September 30, 2021.  We have approximately $22.0 million of state net operating loss carryforwards. As of September 
30, 2021, we have approximately $1.2 million of Foreign Tax Credit carryforwards that expire in 2030 and 2031.

We have  classified  all  of  our  liabilities  for  uncertain  tax  positions  as  income  taxes  payable  long-term.    Income  taxes  payable  long-term  also  includes  other  items, 

primarily withholding taxes that are not due until the related 

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
intercompany service fees are paid. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of our unrecognized tax benefits is summarized as follows (in thousands):

Balance at beginning of the year

  $

1,225  

  $

1,272  

  $

1,198  

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

Additions related to tax positions taken in prior
   years
Reductions due to resolution of uncertain tax
   position

Balance at the end of the year

—  

—  

  $

(276 )

949  

  $

(47 )    

1,225  

  $

74  

—  

1,272  

Approximately $0.3 million of our total unrecognized tax benefits represents the amount that, if recognized, would favorably affect our effective income tax rate in 
future periods.  We report accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.  We recognized a net (benefit) expense for interest and 
penalties of $(0.1) million, $4,000 and $0.1 million for 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  Income taxes payable long-term on the Consolidated Balance Sheets includes a 
cumulative  accrual  for  potential  interest  and  penalties  of  $0.6 million and $0.8  million  as  of  September  30,  2021  and  2020.    We  do  not  expect  that  the  amount  of  our  tax 
reserves for uncertain tax positions will materially change in the next 12 months other than the continued accrual of interest and penalties.

Amtech and one or more of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in China and other foreign jurisdictions, as well as the U.S. and various states in the U.S.  We have 
not signed any agreements with the Internal Revenue Service, any state or foreign jurisdiction to extend the statute of limitations for any fiscal year.  As such, the number of 
open years is the number of years dictated by statute in each of the respective taxing jurisdictions, but generally is from 3 to 5 years. These open years contain certain matters 
that  could  be  subject  to  differing  interpretations  of  applicable  tax  laws  and  regulations  as  they  relate  to  the  amount,  timing,  or  inclusion  of  revenues  and  expenses,  or  the 
sustainability of income tax positions of Amtech and our subsidiaries.

12.  Long-Term Debt

We have a mortgage note secured by BTU’s real property in Billerica, Massachusetts.  The note has a remaining balance of $4.8 million as of September 30, 2021 and a 
maturity date of September 26, 2023. The debt was refinanced in September 2016 with an interest rate of 4.11% through September 26, 2021, at which time the interest rate 
was adjusted to a per annum fixed rate equal to the aggregate of the Federal Home Loan Board Five Year Classic Advance Rate plus two hundred forty basis points, or 4.00%.

Annual maturities relating to our long-term debt as of September 30, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total

13.  Equity and Stock-Based Compensation

2019 Stock Repurchase Plan

Annual
Maturities

396  
4,402  
—  
—  
—  
—  

4,798  

  $

  $

On November 29, 2018, we announced that the Board approved a stock repurchase program, pursuant to which we were authorized to repurchase up to $4 million of 
our outstanding Common Stock over a one-year period. Repurchases under the program were to be made in open market transactions at prevailing market prices, in privately 
negotiated transactions, or by other means in compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC; however, we had no obligation to repurchase shares and the timing, actual 
number, and value of shares to be repurchased was subject 

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
to management’s discretion and depended on our stock price and other market conditions. The Board could have terminated the repurchase program at any time while it was in 
effect. The term of our repurchase program expired as of the quarter ended December 31, 2019.  There were no shares repurchased under this plan.

2020 Stock Repurchase Plan

On February 4, 2020, the Board approved a new stock repurchase program, pursuant to which we were authorized to repurchase up to $4 million of our outstanding 
Common Stock over a one-year period, commencing on February 10, 2020. Repurchases under the program were to be made in open market transactions at prevailing market 
prices, in privately negotiated transactions, or by other means in compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC; however, we had no obligation to repurchase shares and 
the timing, actual number, and value of shares to be repurchased was subject to management’s discretion and depended on our stock price and other market conditions. We 
could have, in the sole discretion of the Board, terminated the repurchase program at any time while it was in effect. Repurchased shares were to be retired or kept in treasury 
for further issuance. During the quarter ended March 31, 2020, we repurchased 366,000 shares of our common stock on the open market at a total cost of approximately $2.0 
million (an average price of $5.46 per share). All shares repurchased during the year ended September 30, 2020 were retired. The term of our repurchase program expired as of 
the quarter ended March 31, 2021.

2021 Stock Repurchase Plan

On February 9, 2021, the Board approved a new stock repurchase program, pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $4 million of our outstanding Common Stock 
over a one-year period, commencing on February 16, 2021. Repurchases under the program will be made in open market transactions at prevailing market prices, in privately 
negotiated transactions, or by other means in compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC; however, we have no obligation to repurchase shares and the timing, actual 
number,  and  value  of  shares  to  be  repurchased  is  subject  to  management’s  discretion  and  will  depend  on  our  stock  price  and  other  market  conditions.  We  may,  in  the  sole 
discretion of the Board, terminate the repurchase program at any time while it is in effect. Repurchased shares may be retired or kept in treasury for further issuance. As of 
September 30, 2021, there have been no shares repurchased under this repurchase plan. 

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based  compensation  expenses  of  $0.4  million,  $0.3  million  and  $0.6  million  for  2021,  2020  and  2019,  respectively,  are  included  in  selling,  general  and 
administrative expenses. As of September 30, 2021, total compensation cost related to non-vested stock options not yet recognized is $0.4 million, which is expected to be 
recognized over the next 1.49 years on a weighted-average basis.

Amtech Equity Compensation Plans

The 2007 Plan, under which 500,000 shares could be granted, was adopted by the Board in April 2007, and approved by the shareholders in May 2007. The 2007 Plan 
was amended in 2009, 2014 and 2015 to add 2,500,000 shares.  The plan was also amended in 2019 to extend the term of the plan and allow for the grant of restricted stock 
units.

The Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan was approved by the shareholders in 1996 for issuance of up to 100,000 shares of common stock to directors. The 

Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan was amended in 2005, 2009 and 2014 to add 400,000 shares.  The plan was also amended in 2020 to extend the term of the plan.

Equity compensation plans as of September 30, 2021 are summarized in the table below:

Name of Plan

2007 Plan
Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan

Shares
Authorized

Shares
Available for Grant  

Options
Outstanding

Plan
Expiration

3,000,000    

500,000    

929,820    
84,934    

1,014,754    

464,269    
144,000    

608,269    

Mar. 2024

Mar. 2024

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
     
 
 
 
 
Stock Options

Stock options issued under the terms of our equity compensation plans have, or will have, an exercise price equal to or greater than the fair market value of the common 
stock at the date of the option grant and expire no later than 10 years from the date of grant. Options issued under the plans vest over 6 months to 4 years. We estimated the fair 
value of stock option awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions:

Risk free interest rate
Expected life
Dividend rate
Volatility

The following table summarizes our stock option activity during 2021, 2020 and 2019:

2021

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Options

Outstanding at beginning of period
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited/expired

Outstanding at end of period

Exercisable at end of period

Weighted average grant-date fair value of
   options granted during the period

  $

696,665  
204,000  
(241,320 )    
(51,076 )    
  $
608,269  
  $

403,853  

7.00      
6.25      
6.40      
13.01      
6.48      
6.87      

Years Ended September 30,

2021
1%
6 years
0%
58%

2020
1%
6 years
0%
58%

2019
3%
6 years
0%
60%

Years Ended September 30,

2020

2019

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

7.04      
5.34      
5.47      
7.94      
7.00      
7.19      

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

7.69  
5.35  
4.02  

9.00  

7.04  

7.45  

Options

1,248,758     $
198,850      
(52,201 )    
(326,742 )    
1,068,665     $
842,083     $

Options

1,068,665     $
32,500      
(160,375 )    
(244,125 )    
696,665     $
611,542     $

  $

3.33  

      $

2.89    

      $

3.08    

The following table summarizes information for stock options outstanding and exercisable as of September 30, 2021:

Range of Exercise Prices

2.95-4.90
5.07-5.07
5.25-5.25
5.26-5.52
5.67-5.67
5.75-7.01
7.40-7.98
9.98-9.98
9.99-10.71
11.51-11.51

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

Number
Outstanding

Remaining
Contractual
Life
(in years)

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share

Number
Exercisable

77,750    
2,800    
69,175    
88,375    
141,500    
83,250    
47,919    
67,500    
12,000    
18,000    

608,269    

6.59     $
5.13    
4.09    
7.56    
9.13    
3.46    
5.28    
3.14    
6.70    

9.48    

6.20     $

4.63    
5.07    
5.25    
5.43    
5.67    
6.70    
7.51    
9.98    
10.35    

11.51    

6.48    

71,084     $
2,800      
69,175      
42,375      
—      
79,000      
47,919      
67,500      
6,000      
18,000      
403,853     $

4.61  
5.07  
5.25  
5.50  
—  
6.70  
7.51  
9.98  
10.71  

11.51  

6.87  

The aggregate intrinsic values of options outstanding and options exercisable as of September 30, 2021 were $3,012,000 and $1,844,000, respectively, which represents 
the total pretax intrinsic value, based on our closing stock price of $11.43 per share as of September 30, 2021, the last business day of our fiscal year, which would have been 
received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date. The total intrinsic value 

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
of stock options exercised during the fiscal years ended September 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $0.8 million, $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

14.  Benefit Plans

We have retirement plans covering substantially all our employees. The principal plans are our defined contribution plan that covers substantially all of our employees 

in the United States and the multi-employer pension plan for hourly union employees in Pennsylvania.  Expense related to both plans is insignificant.

Defined Contribution Plan – Domestic employees of Amtech and its subsidiaries who meet certain eligibility requirements may participate, at the employee’s option, 
in the “401(k) Plan."  The 401(k) Plan is a defined contribution plan subject to the provisions of ERISA.  We match employee contributions to the 401(k) Plan equal to 60% of 
the participants' elective deferrals, up to 3.6% of the participants’ eligible compensation each payroll period.  The match expense was $0.3 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019.

Pension Plan – Our hourly union employees in Pennsylvania participate in a multi-employer pension plan, the NIGPP, in accordance with the union agreement between 
PR Hoffman and the United Automobile, Aerospace and Agriculture Implement Workers of America. The agreement was renewed in 2019 for a three-year term that expires 
September  30,  2022.  Every  company  participating  in  the  plan  pays  a  contribution  per  hour  worked  for  each  employee  of  the  company  that  is  eligible  to  participate  in  the 
NIGPP.  Our contribution rate is $2.55 per hour, per employee.  Our contributions to the NIGPP were $39,000, $44,000 and $53,000 in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

15.  Commitments and Contingencies

Purchase Obligations – As of September 30, 2021, we had unrecorded purchase obligations in the amount of $17.0 million. These purchase obligations consist of 
outstanding  purchase  orders  for  goods  and  services.  While  the  amount  represents  purchase  agreements,  the  actual  amounts  to  be  paid  may  be  less  in  the  event  that  any 
agreements are renegotiated, canceled or terminated.

Legal  Proceedings  and  Other  Claims  –  From  time  to  time,  we  are  a  party  to  claims  and  actions  for  matters  arising  out  of  our  business  operations.  We  regularly 
evaluate the status of the legal proceedings and other claims in which we are involved to assess whether a loss is probable or there is a reasonable possibility that a loss, or an 
additional loss, may have been incurred and determine if accruals are appropriate. If accruals are not appropriate, we further evaluate each legal proceeding to assess whether an 
estimate of possible loss or range of possible loss can be made for disclosure. Although the outcome of claims and litigation is inherently unpredictable, we believe that we 
have adequate provisions for any probable and estimable losses. It is possible, nevertheless, that our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity could be 
materially and adversely affected in any particular period by the resolution of a claim or legal proceeding. Legal expenses related to defense, negotiations, settlements, rulings 
and advice of outside legal counsel are expensed as incurred.

Employment  Contracts  –  We  have  employment  contracts  and  change  in  control  agreements  with,  and  severance  plans  covering,  certain  officers  and  management 
employees under which severance payments would become payable in the event of specified terminations without cause or terminations under certain circumstances after a 
change in control. If severance payments under the current employment contracts or severance plans were to become payable, the severance payments would generally range 
from twelve to thirty-six months of salary.

16. Cash Flows

Non-cash investing activities may include capital expenditures in accounts payable, representing additions purchased at period end but not yet paid in cash. There were 
no non-cash capital expenditures in accounts payable for the year ended September 30, 2021. Non-cash investing activities for 2020 included $80,000 of capital expenditures in 
accounts payable. Non-cash capital expenditures in accounts payable for the year ended September 30, 2019 were immaterial.

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17.  Business Segments

Upon the acquisition of Intersurface Dynamics in the second quarter of 2021 (see Note 2), we evaluated our organizational structure and concluded that we have two 

reportable business segments following the acquisition. Prior period amounts have been revised to conform to the current period segment reporting structure.

Our two reportable segments are as follows:

Semiconductor – We design, manufacture, sell and service thermal processing equipment and related controls for use by leading semiconductor manufacturers, and in 

electronics, automotive and other industries.

Material  and  Substrate  –  We  produce  consumables  and  machinery  for  lapping  (fine  abrading)  and  polishing  of  materials,  such  as  sapphire  substrates,  optical 
components, silicon wafers, numerous types of crystal materials, ceramics and metal components. Our Material and Substrate segment includes our former SiC/LED segment in 
addition to Intersurface Dynamics, as they sell complementary products to a similar market.

Information concerning our business segments is as follows (in thousands):

Net revenue:
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate
Non-segment related

Operating income (loss):
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate
Non-segment related

Capital expenditures:
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate
Non-segment related

Depreciation and amortization expense:
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate
Non-segment related

Identifiable assets:
Semiconductor
Material and Substrate
Non-segment related*

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

72,086  
13,119  
—  

  $

54,516  
10,304  
643  

85,205  

  $

65,463  

  $

  $

8,585  
278  
(5,138 )    

3,725  

  $

  $

4,168  
684  
(5,337 )    

(485 )   $

66,455  
13,682  
4,898  

85,035  

8,744  
3,641  
(7,469 )

4,916  

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

2,264     $
695      
53      

3,012     $

905     $
438      
55      

912     $
1,724      
39      

2,675     $

821     $
197      
60      

379  
171  
33  

583  

828  
136  
161  

1,398     $

1,078     $

1,125  

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

September 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

  $

  $

70,631     $
19,541      
26,741      

116,913     $

51,648  
12,717  
37,733  

102,098  

*  Non-segment related assets include cash, property and other assets. 

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
     
     
   
   
   
  
 
     
     
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
     
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
18.  Major Customers and Sales by Country

In 2021, two Semiconductor customers accounted for 14% and 13% of net revenues.  In 2020, one Semiconductor customer accounted for 11% of net revenues. In 

2019, no individual customer accounted for 10% or more of net revenues.

Our net revenues for 2021, 2020 and 2019 were to customers in the following geographic regions:

United States
Other

Total Americas

China
Malaysia
Taiwan
Other

Total Asia

Germany
Other

Total Europe

19.  Geographic Regions

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

22 %    
5 %    

27 %    
29 %    
3 %    
15 %    
11 %    

58 %    
5 %    
10 %    

15 %    

28 %    
7 %    

35 %    
25 %    
5 %    
15 %    
7 %    

52 %    
3 %    
10 %    

13 %    

35 %
6 %

41 %
18 %
5 %
10 %
8 %

41 %
8 %
10 %

18 %

100 %    

100 %    

100 %

We have continuing operations in the United States and China, as well as satellite offices in Europe and Asia. Revenues, operating income (loss) and identifiable assets 

by geographic region are as follows (in thousands):

Net revenue:

United States*
China
Other

Operating income (loss):

United States*
China
Other

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

58,937  
22,828  
3,440  

  $

48,089  
13,510  
3,864  

85,205  

  $

65,463  

  $

(4,174 )   $
6,958  
941  

3,725  

  $

(5,814 )   $
4,744  
585  

(485 )   $

65,942  
9,500  
9,593  

85,035  

726  
3,686  
504  

4,916  

*  United States revenue includes $19.7 million, $14.9 million and $17.4 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to the products manufactured in our China facility but sold through our Massachusetts 

facility.

Net property, plant and equipment:

United States
China

As of September 30,

2021

2020

  $

  $

11,990     $
2,093      

14,083     $

11,804  
191  

11,995  

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
     
   
 
 
  
 
20.  Supplementary Financial Information

The following is a summary of the activity in our allowance for doubtful accounts (in thousands):

Balance at beginning of year
Provision
Write offs
Adjustment 

(1)

Balance at end of year

(1)  Primarily foreign currency translation adjustments. 

21.  Discontinued Operations and Disposals

Discontinued Operations

Years Ended September 30,

2021

2020

2019

  $

159  
44  
(2 )    
(13 )    

188  

  $

  $

172  
86  
(26 )    
(73 )    

159  

  $

454  
200  
(402 )
(80 )

172  

  $

  $

In April 2019, we announced that the Board determined that it was in the long-term best interest of Amtech to exit the solar business segment and focus our strategic 

efforts on our non-Solar business segments in order to more fully realize the opportunities presented in those areas.

The Board made its decision, effective March 28, 2019, after analyzing current market conditions and the strategic outlook for its Solar segment, which operates in a 
highly competitive market among lower cost manufacturers, particularly in China. Historical fluctuations in the solar cell industry combined with downward pricing pressure 
has negatively affected our results of operations in recent years. In response, we had been pursuing strategic alternatives for the continued operations of the Solar segment, 
including  the  possibility  of  restructuring  the  Solar  segment  to  achieve  profitability  and  compete  more  effectively.  After  further  assessment,  however  (including  input  from 
management of the Solar segment and our external advisors), the Board determined that the investment required to return our solar business to profitability would be better 
utilized to pursue strategic opportunities in our non-Solar business units.

The divestiture of our solar business included our Tempress and SoLayTec subsidiaries, which comprised substantially all of our Solar segment. We adopted a plan to 
sell our Solar operations on or before March 31, 2020.  As such, we classified substantially all of the Solar segment as held for sale in our Consolidated Balance Sheets and 
reported its results as discontinued operations in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

On June 7, 2019 (“SoLayTec Sale Date”), we completed the sale of SoLayTec to a third party located in the Netherlands.  Upon the SoLayTec Sale Date, we recognized 
a  gain  of  approximately  $1.6  million,  which  we  included  in  loss  from  discontinued  operations  reported  in  our  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  for  the  year  ended 
September 30, 2019.  We recognized a tax benefit relating to this sale, which can be carried over to future years.  Effective on the SoLayTec Sale Date, SoLayTec is no longer 
included in our consolidated financial statements.  

Effective  January  22,  2020  (“Tempress  Sale  Date”),  we  completed  the  sale  of  Tempress  for  nominal  consideration  to  a  third  party  located  in  the  Netherlands.  In 
connection with this sale transaction, we provided an unsecured term loan to Tempress in the principal sum of $2.25 million, to be used to fund Tempress’ working capital 
requirements and to facilitate the restructuring of Tempress’ operations.  We forgave $0.5 million of the loan in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement.  The balance 
of the loan was paid in full during fiscal 2020.  We recorded a pre-tax loss on sale of approximately $10.9 million, of which approximately $7.2 million was the recognition of 
previously recorded accumulated foreign currency translation losses.  The total pre-tax loss did not have a material effect on our cash balances at our continuing operations.  We 
also recognized a significant tax benefit relating to this loss, which can be carried over to future years. Effective on the Tempress Sale Date, Tempress is no longer included in 
our consolidated financial statements.

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating results of our discontinued solar operations were as follows, in thousands:

Revenues, net of returns and allowances
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Restructuring charges

Operating loss

(Loss) gain on sale of subsidiary
Interest expense and other, net

Loss from discontinued operations 
   before income taxes

Income tax benefit

Net loss

Years Ended September 30,

2020

2019

  $

7,442  
5,969  

1,473  
1,814  
540  
37  

(918 )  
(10,916 )  
(29 )  

(11,863 )  
(47 )  

(11,816 )   $

25,139  
23,669  

1,470  
8,857  
3,039  
567  

(10,993 )
1,614  
(121 )

(9,500 )
(1,203 )

(8,297 )

  $

  $

Amtech’s Consolidated Statement of Cash flows combines cash flows from discontinued operations with cash flows from continuing operations within each cash flow 

statement category.  The following table summarizes selected cash flow information for discontinued operations, in thousands:

Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
Depreciation and amortization
(Reversal of) provision for allowance for doubtful
   accounts, net
(Loss) gain on sale of subsidiary
Purchases of property, plant and equipment

Other Disposals

Years Ended September 30,

2020

2019

  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

(11,816 )   $
  $
180  

(62 )   $
(10,916 )   $
  $
1  

(8,297 )
562  

874  
1,614  
131  

R2D – On December 13, 2019 (“R2D Sale Date”), we finalized the sale of R2D to certain members of R2D’s management team.  Upon the sale, we recognized a loss 
of approximately $2.8 million, which we reported as loss on sale of subsidiary in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended September 30, 2020.  Effective 
on the R2D Sale Date, R2D is no longer included in our consolidated financial statements.  R2D did not meet the discontinued operations or held-for-sale criteria.

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
22.  Selected Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

The following table sets forth selected unaudited consolidated quarterly financial information for the years ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands, except 

percentages and per share amounts):

First
Quarter

Fiscal Year 2021

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

Revenue, net of returns and allowances
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Restructuring charges

Operating income

Interest (expense) income and other, net

Income from continuing operations
   before income taxes

Income tax provision

Net income (loss)

Gross margin
Operating margin
Income (Loss) Per Share:
Net income (loss) per basic share
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
Net income (loss) per diluted share
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted

  $

17,975  
10,463  

  $

19,790  
12,062  

  $

7,512  
5,213  
1,245  
—  

1,054  
(255 )

799  
80  

719  

7,728  
5,688  
1,869  
—  

171  
73  

244  
490  

  $

23,100  
13,021  

10,079  
7,281  
1,523  
71  

1,204  
(155 )

1,049  
680  

24,340  
15,129  

9,211  
6,558  
1,342  
15  

1,296  
46  

1,342  
676  

666  

  $

(246 )

  $

369  

  $

41.8 %  
5.9 %  

39.1 %    
0.9 %    

43.6 %    
5.2 %    

37.8 %
5.3 %

0.05  
14,072  
0.05  
14,117  

  $

  $

(0.02 )
14,151  
(0.02 )
14,151  

  $

  $

0.03  
14,176  
0.03  
14,373  

  $

  $

0.05  
14,190  
0.05  
14,387  

  $

  $

  $

76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
Revenue, net of returns and allowances
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
Research, development and engineering
Restructuring charges

Operating income (loss)
Loss on sale of subsidiary
Interest (expense) income and other, net

(Loss) income from continuing operations before
   income taxes
Income tax provision

Loss from continuing operations,
   net of tax
Loss from discontinued operations, 
   net of tax

Net loss

Gross margin
Operating margin
Loss Per Basic Share:

Basic loss per share from continuing
   operations
Basic loss per share from discontinued
   operations

Net loss per basic share

Loss Per Diluted Share:

Diluted loss per share from continuing
   operations
Diluted loss per share from discontinued
   operations

Net loss per diluted share

Weighted average shares outstanding - basic
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

Fiscal Year 2020

  $

  $

20,692  
12,518  

8,174  
5,915  
622  
—  

1,637  
(2,793 )
(70 )

(1,226 )
41  

(1,267 )

(665 )

  $

(1,932 )

  $

39.5 %    
7.9 %    

14,460  
9,102  

5,358  
5,415  
915  
—  

(972 )
—  
595  

(377 )
166  

(543 )

(11,151 )

(11,694 )

  $

37.1 %
(6.7 )%    

(0.09 )

  $

(0.04 )

(0.05 )

(0.14 )

  $

  $

(0.79 )

(0.83 )

(0.09 )

  $

(0.04 )

(0.05 )

(0.14 )

  $

  $

14,290  
14,290  

(0.79 )

(0.83 )

14,150  
14,150  

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $
  $

  $

  $
  $

77

  $

  $

15,227  
9,276  

5,951  
4,804  
899  
217  

31  
—  
(13 )

18  
90  

(72 )

—  

(72 )

15,084  
10,126  

4,958  
5,263  
876  
—  

(1,181 )
—  
(350 )

(1,531 )
494  

(2,025 )

—  

  $

(2,025 )

39.1 %    
0.2 %    

32.9 %
(7.8 )%

(0.01 )

  $

(0.14 )

—  

(0.01 )

  $

  $

—  

(0.14 )

(0.01 )

  $

(0.14 )

—  

(0.01 )

  $

  $

14,155  
14,155  

—  

(0.14 )

14,052  
14,052  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  (“CEO”)  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  (“CFO”),  has  carried  out  an  evaluation  of  the  effectiveness  of  our 
disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15(d)-15(e).  Based  upon  that  evaluation,  our  CEO  and  CFO  have  concluded  that  our 
disclosure controls and procedures in place were effective as of September 30, 2021.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

To the Shareholders of Amtech Systems, Inc.

The management of Amtech Systems, Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in 
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial 
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Because of its inherent limitations, our controls and procedures may not prevent or detect misstatements. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, 
can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the controls system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all controls systems, no evaluation 
of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.

Our management evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2021. In making this evaluation, we used the criteria 
set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on our evaluation we 
believe that, as of September 30, 2021, our internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There  have  not  been  any  changes  in  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  (as  such  term  is  defined  in  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f)  under  the 
Exchange Act) during the quarter ended September 30, 2021 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of 
the Company.

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 9C.  DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART III

Pursuant  to  Paragraph  G(3)  of  the  General  Instructions  to  Form  10-K,  the  information  required  by  Part  III  of  Form  10-K  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  Proxy 
Statement to be filed within 120 days of September 30, 2021, our fiscal year end. In the event the Proxy Statement is not filed within 120 days, the information required by Part 
III of this Form 10-K will be filed pursuant to an amendment to this Annual Report on Form 10-K within the 120-day period.

ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND GOVERNANCE

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will be filed pursuant to an amendment to this Annual Report 

on Form 10-K, in each case, within 120 days of September 30, 2021, our fiscal year end.

ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will be filed pursuant to an amendment to this Annual Report 

on Form 10-K, in each case, within 120 days of September 30, 2021, our fiscal year end.

ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will be filed pursuant to an amendment to this Annual Report 

on Form 10-K, in each case, within 120 days of September 30, 2021, our fiscal year end.

ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will be filed pursuant to an amendment to this Annual Report 

on Form 10-K, in each case, within 120 days of September 30, 2021, our fiscal year end.

ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this item (i) is incorporated herein by reference to the Proxy Statement or (ii) will be filed pursuant to an amendment to this Annual Report 

on Form 10-K, in each case, within 120 days of September 30, 2021, our fiscal year end.

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a) Financial Statements and Schedules

PART IV

The consolidated financial statements required by this item are set forth on the pages indicated in Item 8.

All  financial  statement  schedules  are  omitted  because  they  are  either  not  applicable  or  because  the  required  information  is  shown  in  the  consolidated  financial 

statements or notes thereto.

(b) Exhibits

The exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are listed on the Exhibit Index immediately preceding the signature page hereto, which is incorporated 

herein by reference.

ITEM 16.  FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

EXHIBIT
NO.

 3.1

 3.2

 4.1

10.1

10.1a

10.2

10.2a

10.3

EXHIBIT INDEX

EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION

FORM   

INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
FILE
NO.

EXHIBIT
NO.

FILING
DATE

FILED
HEREWITH

Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, as 
amended through February 6, 2012.

10-Q

000-11412

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Amtech Systems, Inc., 
dated as of September 23, 2020.

8-K

000-11412

3.1

3.1

February 9, 2012

September 25, 2020

Description of Capital Stock

Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan, effective July 
8, 2005 as amended through May 8, 2014.

Amendment to the Non-Employee Directors Stock Option 
Plan, effective March 4, 2020

2007 Employee Stock Incentive Plan of Amtech Systems, 
Inc., as amended, effective April 9, 2015.

Amendment to 2007 Employee Stock Incentive Plan of 
Amtech Systems, Inc., effective March 6, 2019

Second Amended and Restated Employment Agreement 
between Amtech Systems, Inc. and Jong S. Whang, dated 
February 9, 2012.

X

8-K

000-11412

10.1

May 14, 2014

DEF14A

000-11412

Appendix A

January 24, 2020

8-K

000-11412

10.4

April 10, 2015

DEF14A

000-11412

Appendix A

January 25, 2019

10-Q

000-11412

10.1

February 9, 2012

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10-Q

000-11412

10.2

August 9, 2012

10-Q

000-11412

10.15

August 8, 2013

8-K

000-11412

10.1

April 10, 2015

8-K

000-11412

10.1

November 19, 2015

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

21.1

23.1

24

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

Amendment, dated as of July 1, 2012, to the Second 
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between 
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Jong S. Whang, dated as of 
February 9, 2012.

Second Amendment, dated June 28, 2013, to the Second 
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between 
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Jong S. Whang, dated as of 
February 9, 2012.

Fourth Amendment to Employment Agreement between 
Amtech Systems, Inc. and Jong S. Whang, dated April 9, 
2015.

Fifth Amendment to Employment Agreement, dated 
November 19, 2015, by and between the Company and Jong 
S. Whang.

Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
- Mayer Hoffman McCann P.C.

Powers of Attorney

Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Amended

Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Amended

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as 
Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
of 2002

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as 
Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
of 2002

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

81

 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  101.INS

  101.SCH

  101.PRE

  101.CAL

  101.LAB

  101.DEF

104

Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document 
does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its 
XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL 
document.

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

Inline Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase 
Document
The cover page for the Company’s Annual Report on Form 
10-K for the year ended September 30, 2021, has been 
formatted in Inline XBRL

82

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its 

behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

November 17, 2021

AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC.

By:

/s/ Lisa D. Gibbs

Lisa D. Gibbs, Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Director
(Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on behalf 

of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

SIGNATURE

TITLE

  Chief Executive Officer and Director

  (Principal Executive Officer)

DATE

November 17, 2021

Michael Whang

/s/ Lisa D. Gibbs

Lisa D. Gibbs

Jong S. Whang

Robert M. Averick

Robert C. Daigle

Michael Garnreiter

Sukesh Mohan

*

*

*

*

*

*

*By: /s/ Lisa D. Gibbs

Lisa D. Gibbs, Attorney-In-Fact**

**  By authority of the power of attorney filed as Exhibit 24 hereto.

  Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Director 

November 17, 2021

  (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

November 17, 2021

November 17, 2021

November 17, 2021

November 17, 2021

November 17, 2021

  Chairman of the Board

  Director

  Director

  Director

  Director

83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
DESCRIPTION OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES 
REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES 
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Exhibit 4.1

Amtech Systems, Inc. (“Amtech,” “we,” “our” or “us”) has one class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended: our 
common stock.

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The  following  summary  of  the  terms  of  our  capital  stock  is  based  upon  our  Amended  and  Restated  Articles  of  Incorporation,  as  amended  through  February  6,  2012  (the 
“Articles of Incorporation”) and our Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended (the “Bylaws”). The summary is not complete and is qualified by reference to our Articles of 
Incorporation and our Bylaws, which are filed as exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are incorporated by reference herein. We encourage you to read our Articles 
of Incorporation, our Bylaws and the applicable provisions of the Arizona Revised Statutes for additional information.

Authorized Shares of Capital Stock

Our authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock. As of November 12, 2021, there were 
14,309,435 shares of common stock issued and outstanding and no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding. The outstanding shares of our common stock are duly 
authorized, validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable.

Listing

Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, under the symbol “ASYS.” 

Voting Rights

Each outstanding share of our common stock is entitled to one vote per share of record on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders and to vote together as a single class 
for the election of directors and in respect of other corporate matters.  At a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present, all questions other than the contested election 
of directors shall be decided by determining if the votes cast by shareholders favoring the action exceed the votes casts by shareholders opposing the action, without regard to 
abstentions, unless the matter is one upon which a different vote is required by express provision of Arizona law, the NASDAQ or our articles of incorporation or bylaws. 
Directors, in a contested election, will be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present at a meeting.  Holders of shares of common stock have cumulative voting 
rights with respect to the election of directors. 

Dividend Rights 

Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends or other distributions when, as and if declared by our board of directors. The right of our board of directors to 
declare  dividends,  however,  is  subject  to  any  rights  of  the  holders  of  other  classes  of  our  capital  stock  and  the  availability  of  sufficient  funds  under  Arizona  law  to  pay 
dividends. 

Preemptive Rights

The holders of our common stock do not have preemptive rights to purchase or subscribe for any of our capital stock or other securities.

Redemption

The shares of our common stock are not subject to redemption by operation of a sinking fund or otherwise. 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
Liquidation Rights 

In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of other classes of our capital stock, the holders of shares 
of our common stock are entitled to receive any of our assets available for distribution to our shareholders ratably in proportion to the number of shares held by them. 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Computershare Trust Company, P.O. Box 30170, College Station, Texas 77842-3170. 

Certain Provisions of Arizona Law and The Company’s Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws 

Certain provisions of our articles of incorporation and bylaws and Arizona law could make our acquisition by a third party, a change in our incumbent management or a similar 
change in control more difficult, including: 

(cid:0) an acquisition of us by means of a tender or exchange offer;
(cid:0) an acquisition of us by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or
(cid:0) the removal of a majority or all of our incumbent officers and directors.

These provisions, which are summarized below, are likely to discourage certain types of coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also 
designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that these provisions help to protect our potential ability 
to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us, and that this benefit outweighs the potential disadvantages of discouraging 
such a proposal because our ability to negotiate with the proponent could result in an improvement of the terms of the proposal. The existence of these provisions which are 
described below could limit the price that investors might otherwise pay in the future for our securities. This description is intended as a summary only and is qualified in its 
entirety by reference to our articles of incorporation and bylaws, as well as Arizona law. 

Articles of Incorporation, Bylaws and Arizona Law 

Authorized But Unissued Capital Stock.  We have shares of common stock and preferred stock available for future issuance without shareholder approval, subject to any 
limitations imposed by the listing standards of the NASDAQ. We may utilize these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including for future public offerings to 
raise additional capital or facilitate corporate acquisitions or for payment as a dividend on our capital stock. The existence of unissued and unreserved common stock and 
preferred stock may enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management or to issue preferred stock with terms that could have the effect of 
making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from seeking to acquire, a controlling interest in the Company by means of a merger, 
tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. In addition, if we issue preferred stock, the issuance could adversely affect the likelihood that such holders will receive dividend 
payments and payments upon liquidation. 

Blank Check Preferred Stock. Our board of directors, without shareholder approval, has the authority under our articles of incorporation to issue preferred stock with rights 
superior to the rights of the holders of common stock. As a result, preferred stock could be issued quickly and easily, could impair the rights of holders of common stock and 
could be issued with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control or make removal of management more difficult. 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
Number of Directors; Removal; Filling Vacancies. Our articles of incorporation provide that the number of directors shall be fixed by the bylaws which our board of directors 
can amend without shareholder approval. Our bylaws default to Arizona law with respect to the removal of directors. Arizona law provides that directors may be removed with 
or without cause where the votes cast by shareholders opposing the action would not be sufficient to elect the director under cumulative voting. A vote to remove one or more 
directors must be taken at a shareholder’s meeting at which a quorum is present where one of the purposes of the meeting is to remove one or more directors. A director cannot 
be removed by written consent of shareholders unless written consents are obtained from the holders of all the outstanding shares entitled to vote on the removal of the director. 
Our  bylaws  provide  that  vacancies  on  our  board  of  directors  may  be  filled  by  a  majority  vote  of  the  remaining  directors,  though  not  less  than  a  quorum.  Arizona  law  also 
provides that shareholders may fill any vacancy on our board of directors.

Shareholder Meetings and Action. Our bylaws provide that shareholder meetings can only be called by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary 
at the request of a majority of the board of directors.  Shareholders are specifically denied the right to call special meetings. Our bylaws also provide that the business of special 
meetings of shareholders shall be confined to the purposes stated in the notice of the meeting. These provisions may discourage another person or entity from making a tender 
offer, unless it acquired a majority of our outstanding voting stock, because the person or entity could only take action at a duly called shareholders’ meeting relating to the 
business specified in the notice of meeting and not by written consent. Arizona law provides that shareholders may act outside of a meeting if one or more written consents 
describing the action taken are signed by the holders of outstanding shares having one hundred percent (100%) of the votes entitled to be cast at a meeting at which all shares 
entitled to vote on the action were present and voted. 

Anti-Takeover Effects of Various Provisions of Arizona Law

Arizona Revised Statutes (“ARS”) Sections 10-2701 et seq. were adopted by the Arizona legislature in an attempt to prevent corporate “greenmail” and restrict the ability of a 
potential suitor to acquire domestic corporations. These statutes generally apply to business combinations or control share acquisitions of “issuing public corporations,” which 
defined term includes Amtech. The provisions summarized below could discourage, deter, delay or impede a tender offer or other attempt to acquire control of Amtech.

Arizona Business Combination Statute.  The  Arizona  business  combination  statute  would  limit  our  ability  to  engage  in  Business  Combinations  with  Interested  Shareholders 
(each as defined below). 

Business Combination” means any (A) merger or consolidation of Amtech or any subsidiary of Amtech with an Interested Shareholder, (B) exchange of shares of the Amtech’s 
common stock or any subsidiary for shares of an Interested Shareholder, or (C) sale, lease, transfer or other disposition to or with an Interested Shareholder of 10% or more of 
the consolidated assets of Amtech. 

Interested Shareholder” means any person other than Amtech or a subsidiary of Amtech that is either (A) a direct or indirect beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting 
power  of  the  outstanding  common  stock  of  Amtech  or  (B)  an  affiliate  of  Amtech  who  at  any  time  during  the  three  years  immediately  before  the  date  in  question  was  the 
beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding common stock of Amtech.

Share Acquisition Date” means the date that a person first becomes an Interested Shareholder of Amtech.

Business Combinations within Three Years After Share Acquisition Date. For three years after an Interested Shareholder’s Share Acquisition Date, Amtech may not directly or 
indirectly engage in any Business Combination with an Interested Shareholder or any affiliate of an Interested Shareholder unless, before the Interested Shareholder’s Share 
Acquisition Date, a committee of disinterested directors approved either:

(cid:0)
(cid:0)

the Business Combination; or
the acquisition of common stock made by the Interested Shareholder on the Interested Shareholder’s Share Acquisition Date.

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Business  Combinations  More  Than  Three  Years  After  Share  Acquisition  Date.  If  a  committee  of  disinterested  directors  has  not  approved  the  Business  Combination  or  the 
acquisition of common stock as provided above, Amtech may not directly or indirectly engage in any Business Combination with an Interested Shareholder or any affiliate of 
an Interested Shareholder unless: 

(cid:0) 

(cid:0) 

(cid:0) 

the Business Combination is consummated no earlier than three years after the Interested Shareholder’s Share Acquisition Date, and before the Share Acquisition 
Date, Amtech’s Board of Directors approved either
the Business Combination; or
the acquisition of common stock made by the Interested Shareholder on the Share Acquisition Date;

o 
o 

the Business Combination is approved no earlier than three years after the Interested Shareholder’s Share Acquisition Date by the affirmative vote of a majority of 
the outstanding voting shares of the common stock of Amtech (excluding shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Interested Shareholder or any affiliate 
thereof); or
the  Business  Combination  is  consummated  no  earlier  than  three  years  after  the  Interested  Shareholder’s  Share  Acquisition  Date  and  meets  certain  specified 
conditions designed to ensure against discriminatory pricing.

Arizona Control Share Acquisition Statute. The Arizona control share acquisition statute would limit the voting rights of a person who acquires shares of Amtech under certain 
circumstances in a control share acquisition (as defined below). 

Control Share Acquisition means an acquisition, directly or indirectly (in one or more transactions within 120 days or pursuant to a plan), by a person of beneficial ownership 
of shares of common stock of Amtech that would, but for the limitations in the control share acquisition statute, entitle the acquiring person to exercise a new range of voting 
power within the following specified ranges: (A) at least 20% but less than 33-1/3%, (B) at least 33-1/3% but less than or equal to 50% and (C) over 50%.

Within ten days after a Control Share Acquisition, the acquiring person must deliver to the corporation an information statement specifying, among other things, the range of 
voting power in the election of directors that, but for the limitations in the statute, the acquiring person believes would result from the Control Share Acquisition. At the time of 
delivery  of  the  information  statement,  the  acquiring  person  may  request  that  a  special  meeting  of  shareholders  be  called  to  consider  the  voting  rights  of  “excess”  shares 
(referred to below).

To the extent that shares of common stock of Amtech acquired in a Control Share Acquisition exceed the threshold of voting power of any of the next specified range of voting 
power, such “excess” shares will have the same voting rights as other shares of common stock for election of directors but will not have the right to vote on other matters unless 
approved by a shareholder resolution at an annual or special meeting. Such resolution must be approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting shares of 
common stock (excluding shares owned by the acquiring person, its affiliates or any officer or director of Amtech).

The status of voting rights of “excess” shares is not required to be presented for consideration at any meeting of shareholders unless, at the time of delivery of the information 
statement referred to above, the acquiring person has entered into a definitive financing agreement for any financing of the acquisition not to be provided by monies of the 
acquiring person.

If an acquiring person fails to deliver the required information statement within ten days after a Control Share Acquisition or if the Companies’ shareholders have voted not to 
accord voting rights to an acquiring person’s “excess” shares referred to above, then Amtech may call for the redemption of such “excess” shares at the fair market value of 
those shares at the time the call for redemption is given. 

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification 

Pursuant to Amtech’s articles of incorporation, Amtech shall indemnify any and all of its existing and former directors, officers, employees and agents against all expenses 
incurred by them and each of them, including, but not limited to legal fees, judgments, penalties and amounts paid in settlement or compromise, which may arise or be incurred, 
rendered, or levied in any legal action brought or threatened against any of them for or on account of any action or 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
omission alleged to have been committed while acting within the scope of employment as director, officer, employee or agent of the Company, whether or not any action is or 
has been filed against them and whether or not any settlement or compromise is approved by a court, indemnification shall be made by the Company whether the legal action 
brought or threatened is by or in the right of the Company or by any other person. Whenever any existing or former director, officer, employee, or agent shall report to the 
President of the Company or the chairman of the board of directors that he or she has incurred or may incur expenses, including, but not limited to, legal fees, judgments, 
penalties and amounts paid in settlement or compromise in a legal action brought or threatened against him or her for or on account of any action or omission alleged to have 
been committed by him or her while acting within the scope of his or her employment as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company, the board of directors shall, at 
its next regular or at a special meeting held within a reasonable time thereafter, determine in good faith, whether in regard to the matter involved in the action or contemplated 
action, such person acted, failed to act, or refused to act willfully or with gross negligence or with fraudulent or criminal intent. If the board of directors determines, in good 
faith, that such person did not act, fail to act, or refuse to act willfully or with gross negligence or with fraudulent or criminal intent, in regard to the matter involved in the 
action or contemplated action, such person acted, failed to act, or refused to act willfully or with gross negligence or with fraudulent criminal intent, indemnification shall be 
mandatory  and  shall  be  automatically  extended  as  specified  herein;  provided,  that  the  Company  shall  have  the  right  to  refuse  indemnification  in  any  instance  in  which  the 
person to whom indemnification would otherwise have been applicable shall have unreasonably refused to permit the Company, at its own expense and through counsel of its 
own choosing, to defend him or her in the action.

Section 10-851 of Arizona’s Revised Statutes enables a corporation to eliminate or limit personal liability of members of its board of directors for violations of their fiduciary 
duty of care. However, Arizona law does not permit the elimination of a director’s or officer’s liability: (i) in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation 
in which the director was adjudged liable to the corporation; and (ii) in connection with any other proceeding charging improper financial benefit to the director, whether or not 
involving action in the director’s official capacity, in which the director was adjudged liable on the basis that financial benefit was improperly received by the director.

Insofar  as  indemnification  for  liabilities  arising  under  the  Securities  Act  may  be  permitted  to  directors,  officers  or  persons  controlling  Amtech  pursuant  to  the  foregoing 
provision,  Amtech  has  been  informed  that  in  the  opinion  of  the  SEC  such  indemnification  is  against  public  policy  as  expressed  in  the  Securities  Act  and  is  therefore 
unenforceable.

 
  
  
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT

Exhibit 21.1

Name

Bruce Technologies, Inc

BTU Europe Ltd.

BTU International, Inc.

BTU Ltd. (Shanghai)

BTU Overseas, Ltd.

BTU Overseas (Shanghai) Co., Ltd

Intersurface Dynamics, Inc.

P.R. Hoffman Machine Products, Inc

Tempress Systems, Inc.

Jurisdiction in which incorporated

State of Massachusetts

United Kingdom

State of Delaware

China

State of Delaware

China

State of Connecticut

State of Arizona

State of Texas

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement on Forms S-8 (Nos. 333-09911, 333-131051, 333-145454, 333-168606, 333-168607, 333-196937, 333-
196940 and 333-204431) of our report dated November 17, 2021, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Amtech Systems, Inc., as of September 30, 2021 and 
2020  and  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended  September  30,  2021,  included  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  of  Amtech  Systems,  Inc.  for  the  year  ended 
September 30, 2021.

Exhibit 23.1

/s/ MAYER HOFFMAN MCCANN P.C.

Phoenix, Arizona 
November 17, 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY

Exhibit 24

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, THAT EACH PERSON WHOSE SIGNATURE APPEARS BELOW CONSTITUTES AND APPOINTS MICHAEL WHANG 
AND LISA D. GIBBS, AND EACH OF THEM, HIS TRUE AND LAWFUL ATTORNEYS-IN-FACT AND AGENTS, WITH FULL POWER OF SUBSTITUTION AND 
RESUBSTITUTION,  FOR  HIM  AND  IN  HIS  NAME,  PLACE  AND  STEAD,  IN  ANY  AND  ALL  CAPACITIES,  TO  SIGN  AMTECH  SYSTEMS,  INC.’S  ANNUAL 
REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021, AND ANY AND ALL AMENDMENTS TO SUCH ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 
10-K, AND TO FILE THE SAME, WITH ALL EXHIBITS THERETO, AND OTHER DOCUMENTS IN CONNECTION THEREWITH WITH THE SECURITIES AND 
EXCHANGE COMMISSION, GRANTING UNTO SAID ATTORNEYS-IN-FACT AND AGENTS, AND EACH OF THEM, FULL POWER AND AUTHORITY TO DO 
AND PERFORM EACH AND EVERY ACT AND THING REQUISITE AND NECESSARY TO BE DONE IN AND ABOUT THE PREMISES, AS FULLY AND TO ALL 
INTENTS AND PURPOSES AS HE MIGHT OR COULD DO IN PERSON HEREBY RATIFYING AND CONFIRMING ALL THAT SAID ATTORNEYS-IN-FACT AND 
AGENTS, OR HIS SUBSTITUTE OR SUBSTITUTES, MAY LAWFULLY DO OR CAUSE TO BE DONE BY VIRTUE HEREOF.

Signature

/s/ Michael Whang

Michael Whang

/s/ Lisa D. Gibbs

Lisa D. Gibbs

/s/ Jong S. Whang

Jong S. Whang

/s/ Robert M. Averick

Robert M. Averick

/s/ Robert C. Daigle

Robert C. Daigle

/s/ Michael Garnreiter

Michael Garnreiter

/s/ Sukesh Mohan

Sukesh Mohan

  Title

  Date

  Chief Executive Officer and Director

  November 16, 2021

  Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and Director

  November 16, 2021

(Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)

  Chairman of the Board

  November 16, 2021

  Director

  Director

  Director

  Director

  November 16, 2021

  November 16, 2021

  November 16, 2021

  November 16, 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

Exhibit 31.1

I, Michael Whang, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Amtech Systems, Inc. (the “registrant”);

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in 
light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, 
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-
15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material 
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles;

(c)

Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our  conclusions  about  the  effectiveness  of  the 
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the 
registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal 
control over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors 
and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely 

affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial 

reporting.

By

/s/ Michael Whang

Michael Whang
Chief Executive Officer
Amtech Systems, Inc.

Date: November 17, 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

Exhibit 31.2

I, Lisa D. Gibbs, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Amtech Systems, Inc. (the “registrant”),

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in 
light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, 
results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-
15(e) and 15d-15(e)) internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material 
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles;

(c)

Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our  conclusions  about  the  effectiveness  of  the 
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the 
registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal 
control over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors 
and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely 

affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial 

reporting.

By

/s/ Lisa D. Gibbs

Lisa D. Gibbs
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Amtech Systems, Inc.

Date: November 17, 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.1

In connection with the Annual Report of Amtech Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended September 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities 
and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Michael Whang, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. ss. 1350, as adopted 
pursuant to ss. 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

(2)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

By

  /s/ Michael Whang

  Michael Whang
  Chief Executive Officer
  November 17, 2021

Date:

 
 
 
 
 
 
AMTECH SYSTEMS, INC. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.2

In connection with the Annual Report of Amtech Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended September 30, 2021, as filed with the Securities 

and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Lisa D. Gibbs, Vice President & Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. ss. 
1350, as adopted pursuant to ss. 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)

(2)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

By

  /s/ Lisa D. Gibbs

  Lisa D. Gibbs
  Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
  Amtech Systems, Inc.
  November 17, 2021

Date: