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Anglo-Eastern Plantations

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FY2020 Annual Report · Anglo-Eastern Plantations
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2020 Annual Report 

ANNUAL REPORT 

Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

       Company Number: 1884630 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contents 

About AEP 

Financial Highlights 

Key Information 

Shareholder Information 

Chairman's Statement 

Strategic Report 

Financial Record 

Estate Areas   

Location of Estates and Mills 

Directors' Report 

Directors' Responsibilities 

Directors 

Statement on Corporate Governance 

Audit Committee Report 

Directors' Remuneration Report 

Auditor's Report 

Consolidated Income Statement 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Company Balance Sheet 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

Notice of Annual General Meeting 

2 

4 

6 

7 

10 

13 

45 

46 

47 

48 

52 

53 

54 

60 

65 

71 

82 

83 

84 

85 

86 

88 

125 

126 

127 

131 

Company addresses, advisers and website 

Inside Back Cover 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
About Anglo-Eastern Plantations 

The group comprising Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc (“AEP”) and its subsidiaries (the “Group”), is a major 
producer of palm oil and to a lesser extent rubber with plantations across Indonesia and Malaysia, amounting 
to some 128,000 ha. 

             Kalimantan mill at night 

•  AEP  has  a  Premium  Listing  on  the  London 
Stock Exchange. The Company was formed 
and floated in 1985. 

•  Primary activities are the crop production and 
processing  of  palm  oil  and  some  rubber 
through 
Indonesia  and 
Malaysia.  

its  operations 

in 

•  The  Group  is  committed  to  responsible 
its 
development  and  management  of 
plantations  and 
facilities  with  particular 
attention to both the environment and society 
in which it operates. Oil palms yield five to ten 
times  more  than  other  vegetable  oil  crops 
enabling the Group to have more efficient use 
of land. 

•  Palm  oil  is an  important  commodity  and the 
industry  reportedly  employs 
four  million 
people directly and millions more indirectly in 
Indonesia alone. It is used extensively in food, 
cosmetics,  other  consumer  products  and 
biofuel. 

Immature oil palms 

Water treatment plant 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
About Anglo-Eastern Plantations 

Oil Palm Plantations 
The Group has developed over 60,500 ha of mature oil palm in sixteen plantations 
across Indonesia, together with one plantation in Malaysia. The weighted average 
age of the trees in the Group is about 13 years. In Indonesia the trees averaged 
about 12 years old while in Malaysia the trees are older at 23 years. 

Oil Palm Development 
An Oil Palm tree usually takes about three years from planting to harvest of the 
first crop and will reach full production after a further five years. The Group has 
approximately 8,800 ha of immature plantations of which 2,190 ha were planted in 
2020. 

Palm Oil Mills 
The Group operates six palm oil mills in Indonesia processing up to a combined 
310 mt of fresh fruit bunches (“FFB”) per hour. One of the mills has a biomass plant 
which processes empty fruit bunches (“EFB”) into dried long fibres for export. The 
construction of its seventh mill in North Sumatera is delayed and upon completion 
by the year 2022 would increase processing capacity to 370 mt per hour. 

Third Party Crop Purchases 
In 2020 the Group purchased approximately 913,200 mt of FFB from third party 
producers, comprising small plantations and local farmers, for processing through 
its mills. The total FFB throughput at the Group’s mills in 2020 was 1.97 million mt 
producing 406,100 mt of crude palm oil (“CPO”). The Group has the capacity to 
store up to 52,400 mt of CPO at its six mills. 

Rubber Plantations 
In 2020 the 262 ha of established rubber plantations produced 465 mt of raw latex 
and rubber lumps. The size of rubber plantations will reduce further as the Group 
replaces ageing rubber trees with oil palm. The average age of the rubber trees is 
13 years. 

Biogas Plants 
Four mills are equipped with biogas plants to capture the methane gas emission 
to  generate  electricity  which  is  expected  to  be  sold  to  the  Indonesian  state 
authorities.  This  reduces  our  reliance  on  fossil  fuels  and  improves  the  Group’s 
carbon footprint.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Highlights

The Group key performance indicators (“KPI”) as required in accordance with the requirement of  S414C, 
Company Act 2006 are as follows:  

Revenue 
Profit before tax: 
-  before biological assets (“BA”) movement 
-  after BA movement 

Basic Earnings per ordinary share (“EPS”):  
-  before BA movement 
-  after BA movement 
Dividend (cents) 

2020 
$m 

2019 
$m 

269.1 

219.1 

50.4 
51.7 

15.6 
18.9 

77.67cts 
80.32cts 
1.0cts 

35.37cts 
40.61cts 
0.5cts 

Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

% 

FTSE 100 

Share Price  

Turnover by volume 

Source: Financial Times 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Highlights

Revenue ($000) 

Profit Before Tax Before BA 
($000) 

80,000

60,000

40,000

20,000

0

300,000

250,000

200,000

150,000

100,000

50,000

0

 2016  2017  2018  2019  2020

 2016  2017  2018  2019  2020

Basic Earnings Per Share 
Before BA ($, cents) 

Asset Value Per Share      

($, cents)

100.00

90.00

80.00

70.00

60.00

50.00

40.00

30.00

20.00

10.00

0.00

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0

 2016  2017  2018  2019  2020

 2016  2017  2018  2019  2020

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

5 

 
              
                        
           
Key Information

Own FFB Production & Outside Purchase (mt)

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Own FFB Production

Outside Purchase

Crude Palm Oil & Palm Kernel Production (mt)

mt
1,200,000

1,000,000

800,000

600,000

400,000

200,000

0

mt
450,000

400,000

350,000

300,000

250,000

200,000

150,000

100,000

50,000

0

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

CPO

Palm Kernel

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

6 

12%43%22%23%(as at 31/12/19)ImmatureYoungPrimeOld13%42%20%25%(as at 31/12/20)Ageof Palm Trees 
 
Shareholder Information

Market capitalisation 
The market capitalisation of Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc in United Kingdom (“UK”) at 31 December 2020 was £231 
million, the ordinary share price at the close of business on 6 May 2021 was 649 pence giving a market capitalisation 
of £257 million. 

Website 
https://www.angloeastern.co.uk/ contains various details and information on the Company and its operations, together 
with all the key historical financial and regulatory information on the Company. The website is updated on a continuing 
basis  for  all  Company  announcements  and  other  relevant  developments,  including  environment,  social  and 
governance matters (“ESG”) and share price movements. 

The website allows shareholders and investors to select and receive e-mail alerts from the Company on selected 
regulatory news. Shareholders are encouraged to use e-mail alerts to follow the development of the Company. 

Investor relations 
Investors requiring further information on the Company are invited to contact: 

Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan 
Executive Director, Corporate Finance and Corporate Affairs 
Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 
Quadrant House, 6th Floor 
4 Thomas More Square 
London E1W 1YW 
United Kingdom 

44 (0) 20 7216 4621 
44 (0) 20 7767 2602 

Tel: 
Fax: 
Email:    datojohnlim@angloeastern.co.uk 

Registrar 
Administrative queries about holdings of AEP shares can be directed to the Company's Registrar: 

Computershare Investor Services PLC 
The Pavilions  
Bridgwater Road 
Bristol BS99 6ZY 
United Kingdom 

+44 (0) 370 703 0164 

Tel: 
Email:    web.corres@computershare.co.uk 

Shareholders can view and update their account details via the Computershare website, details of which can be 
found at https://www-uk.computershare.com/investor/. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder Information

Annual General Meeting 
The 36th Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) of the Company will be held at the Company’s office in Malaysia at 7th 
Floor,  Wisma  Equity,  150  Jalan  Ampang,  50450  Kuala  Lumpur,  Malaysia  on  Monday,  28  June  2021  at  4.30  pm 
(Malaysia time).  Notice of the meeting is set out at the end of this Annual Report on pages 131 to 134. 

Although there has been some relaxation of international air travel and border controls because of the vaccination 
programmes in the UK and in Malaysia, it is by no means certain that the Directors, who are currently in Malaysia, can 
travel to the UK on 28 June 2021 without having to comply with self isolation or quarantine requirements which is 
currently the case. Given these circumstances, the Board has decided to hold the meeting in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 
for another year, so that the legal requirement that AEP’s AGM be held by 30 June 2021 is complied with. 

The Board anticipates that it is unlikely that shareholders will be attending the AGM due to travel restrictions and self 
isolation or quarantine requirements and, therefore, the AGM will be quorate by two Board members who are also 
proxy shareholders.  

Please note that the format of this year’s AGM will be similar as last year as follows: 
i)  No presentations will be made at the AGM itself. 
ii)  All shareholders are encouraged to submit their votes by proxy for Resolutions 1 to 13. 
iii)  Shareholders are welcomed to submit questions to the Board by email to datojohnlim@angloeastern.co.uk by 24 

June 2021 and they will be answered after the AGM. 

Shareholders are invited to attend a shareholder question and answer session by Zoom or at the AGM if they are in 
attendance. This session will be held shortly after the close of the AGM.  

Any  member  wishing  to  join  the  question  and  answer  session  remotely  should  use  the  Zoom  App  or  website  at 
https://zoom.us. Use meeting ID: 986 0924 0807 and meeting passcode: 753309. Click on ‘Join a Meeting’ and enter 
the Meeting ID. The question and answer session is scheduled to commence at 5.00 pm (Malaysia time) on Monday 
28 June 2021, or such later time as the AGM closes. 

As in previous years, the results of the AGM will be announced by the close of business in the UK on 28 June 2021. 

As it is unlikely that shareholders will make it to the AGM due to travel restrictions and quarantine requirements, we 
therefore strongly encourage shareholders to vote on all resolutions by completing the proxy appointment form (see 
further details below on how to access this form online) appointing the Chairman of the meeting as your proxy, to 
register any questions in advance. 

Guidance on how to exercise your rights in light of the changes to the format of the AGM are set out below. 

If you appoint another person as your proxy that person is unlikely to attend the AGM and vote on your behalf and 
therefore you are strongly encouraged to appoint the Chairman of the meeting as your proxy.  

How will my shares be voted if I appoint a proxy? 
The person you name on your proxy form must vote in accordance with your instructions.  If you do not give them any 
instructions, a proxy may vote or not vote as he or she sees fit on any business of the AGM.  Please see the explanatory 
notes on the reverse of the proxy form. 

Can I appoint anyone to be proxy? 
You can appoint your own choice of proxy or you can appoint the Chairman of the meeting as your proxy (which we 
strongly encourage).  Your proxy does not need to be a shareholder.  However, if you appoint anyone other than the 
Chairman of the meeting as your proxy, to vote on your behalf, that person may not be able to attend the AGM and 
vote  on  your  behalf  because of  travelling  restrictions  and quarantine  requirements  and  therefore you  are  strongly 
encouraged to appoint the Chairman of the meeting as your proxy. To be valid, proxy appointments must be received 
no later than 9.30 am (UK time) on 24 June 2021. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shareholder Information

Can I appoint more than one proxy? 
Yes. You may appoint more than one proxy, provided that each proxy is appointed to exercise rights attached to 
different shares. You may not appoint more than one proxy to exercise rights attached to the same share. To appoint 
more than one proxy you should photocopy the proxy form and indicate in the relevant box that this is one of multiple 
instructions. However, if you appoint anyone other than the Chairman of the meeting as your proxy, that person may 
not be able to attend and vote on your behalf, as previously explained. 

Can I change my mind once I have appointed a proxy? 
Yes.  If you change your mind, you can send a written statement to that effect to our Registrar, Computershare Investor 
Services PLC.  The statement must arrive with Computershare Investor Services PLC at The Pavilions, Bridgwater 
Road, Bristol BS99 6ZY, United Kingdom by 9.30 am (UK time) on 24 June 2021.  

Submission of proxy voting 
Shareholders will not receive a hard copy of the proxy form for the 2021 AGM. Instead shareholders will be able to 
vote electronically using the link https://www-uk.computershare.com/investor/. Shareholders will need to log into their 
Investor Centre account or register if shareholders have not previously done so. To register, shareholders will need 
their Shareholder Reference Number (“SRN”) which is detailed on their share certificates. The SRN is also available 
from the Registrar, Computershare Investor Services PLC (please see their contact details below). Proxy votes must 
be received no later than 9.30 am (UK time) on Thursday, 24 June 2021. To be effective, all proxy appointments must 
be lodged with the Company’s Registrars at Computershare Investor Services PLC, The Pavilions, Bridgwater Road, 
Bristol BS99 6ZY. 

Shareholders may request a hard copy of the proxy form directly from the Registrar, Computershare Investor Services 
PLC on Tel: +44 (0) 370 703 0164. Lines are open between 9am to 5.30pm from Monday to Friday excluding public 
holidays in England and Wales. 

Amalgamation of accounts 
Shareholders receiving multiple copies of Company mailings as a result of a number of accounts being maintained in 
their name are invited to write to the Company's Registrar at the above address to request that their accounts be 
amalgamated. 

Payment of dividends 
While the dividend is declared in US Dollars, shareholders can choose to receive dividends in Pounds Sterling. In the 
absence of any specific instruction up to the date of closing of the register, shareholders with addresses in the UK will 
be deemed to have elected to receive their dividends in Pounds Sterling and those with addresses outside the UK will 
be deemed to have elected to receive their dividends in US Dollars. 

The Pounds Sterling equivalent dividend will  be paid at the exchange rate prevailing at the date of closing of the 
register. 

Electronic communications 
Computershare Investor Services PLC offers AEP shareholders the opportunity to manage their shareholding online, 
through the Investor Centre. 

Registration is free and can be used to manage shareholdings quickly and securely. To register for this service, please 
go to https://www-uk.computershare.com/investor/ and follow the instructions. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Statement

The Covid-19 pandemic, as declared by the World Health Organisation in early 2020, escalated into a worldwide crisis 
which  has  upended  many  lives  and  businesses.  At  the  time  of  writing,  more  than  three  million  deaths  and  over 
approximately one hundred and fifty million infections were recorded worldwide. At the peak of the pandemic, economic 
activities almost grounded to a halt as many people were forced to stay at home under strict measures imposed to 
curb the spread of the virus. In some countries where restrictions were eased to allow people to work and travel, 
second and third waves of infections have soared. Countries in Europe and South East Asia, facing the next wave of 
infections  were  forced  to  reintroduce  stringent  controls  including  lockdowns  to  slow  the  spread  which  threaten  to 
overload their hospitals. Masks and social distancing are now part of everyday life. In Indonesia where most of AEP 
plantations  are  based, the  number  of people  infected  has exceeded  one  million  while  in  Malaysia,  the number  of 
infections is still low comparatively but infections have surged from the third quarter of 2020. The significant upsurge 
of cases and the high fatalities in India, reported as a crisis, is of grave concern as it has spilled into the neighbouring 
countries  and  Indonesia  and  Malaysia  are  not  far  off  logistically.  Vaccination  programmes  have  started  in  many 
countries and it will take enormous efforts on all fronts to recover from this global calamity. 

Most businesses across Indonesia and Malaysia were adversely affected by the pandemic in 2020 and the upsurge 
including emergence of new variants of coronaviruses at the start of 2021 of which our operations in Indonesia and 
Malaysia are no exception. Although currently, the affected numbers of staff and field workers are not alarming, it is 
prudent to continue imposing vigilant measures, especially in Indonesia where our plantations are located in scattered 
regions, provinces and islands.  

The  Group’s  FFB  production in  2020  reached  1.10 million  mt,  7%  higher  than  last year of  1.03  million  mt  due  to 
improved weather. Rainfalls were satisfactory in most of the regions that the Group operated other than the first three 
months  of  the  year.  A  moderate  La  Nina  weather  phenomenon  brought  heavy  rainfall  to  coastal  estates  in  North 
Sumatera and Malaysia towards the end of the year causing flash floods and some landslides. With mostly favourable 
weather,  all  regions  reported between  6%  to 12%  higher  FFB  production.  Production in South  Sumatera  was  the 
exception where harvest declined sharply by 13% due to poor rainfall distribution. FFB bought-in from surrounding 
smallholders and plasma was 913,200 mt (2019: 907,100 mt), marginally more than 2019. The mills processed 1.97 
million mt of FFB, 5% more than last year of 1.87 million mt. CPO production, as a result, was 3% higher at 406,100 
mt, compared to 394,700 mt in 2019.  

CPO prices for the first half of the year were weak as expected due to the low economic activities during the pandemic 
which adversely affected demand. As the lockdown eased and international trade gradually resumed, prices rallied in 
the second half of the year. The export of Indonesian palm oil to the three key markets of India, China and European 
Union  (“EU”)  in  2020  was  reported  to  drop  substantially  during  the  pandemic.  Despite  the  drop  in  international 
consumption, the strong rebound in prices was due to a combination of reasons. The continuation of Indonesian B30 
biodiesel programme despite low crude oil prices, the low inventory caused by a lower FFB production and soaring 
soybean prices were the main contributors to the rally. A more detailed explanation is provided in the Strategic Report 
under Commodity Prices. The average CPO price ex-Rotterdam ended the year 28% higher at $723/mt, compared to 
$565/mt in 2019.  

The higher FFB production and higher CPO prices meant that the Group’s  revenue was higher by 23% at $269.1 
million, compared to $219.1 million achieved in 2019. The operating profit for the Group in 2020, before biological 
asset (“BA”) movement almost quadrupled to $48.1 million, from $12.2 million reported in 2019. The earnings per 
share, before BA movement, increased by 120% to 77.67cts, from 35.37cts in 2019. The Group’s operating profit after 
BA  movement  for  2020  was at  $49.4 million after  an upward  BA  movement of  $1.3  million  as  compared  to  2019 
operating profit of $15.4 million after an upward BA movement of $3.3 million.  

The Group’s new planting for oil palm including plasma for 2020 totalled 2,190 ha compared to 1,757 ha last year. 
Please see page 22 under Corporate Social Responsibility for Plasma obligation of the Group. The new planting was 
mostly concentrated in the Bangka and Kalimantan regions where negotiations with owners over land compensation 
were concluded more efficiently. Another 785 ha was replanted in North Sumatera and Bengkulu during the year to 
replace trees with poor yield. In 2021, the Group plans to plant 3,800 ha of oil palm which includes replanting of 950 
ha in Bengkulu.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Statement

The Group has four biogas plants with a combined capacity of slightly above five megawatts. The latest addition, Tasik 
Raja biogas plant, was commissioned in the fourth quarter of 2020. The Group generated 18,900 MWh of electricity in 
2020 compared to 17,200 MWh last year. The revenue from the sale of surplus electricity was $970,000, 7% higher 
than last year of $908,000. The biogas operations were not spared by the pandemic as demand for power in Indonesia 
diminished  with  many  businesses  scaling  or  shutting  down.  They  underperformed  as  the  state  owned  company 
suspended the uptake of electricity from two of our plants while reducing the unit rate it purchased from another. The 
Group will continue the use of clean energy where possible to further reduce the mills’ reliance on fossil fuels and to 
address growing calls to reduce greenhouse gas emissions which could threaten the long-term social acceptability 
and profitability of a palm oil company.   

With many countries battling against the pandemic, headlines and attention have been drawn away from EU threat to 
reduce the use of palm oil for biofuel in 2024 and to completely phase it out by the year 2030. The adverse perception 
of palm oil as an environmentally unfriendly and non-renewable source particularly in the EU has continued to feature 
in recent years, touching on issues including deforestation, emission of greenhouse gases, planting on peatland and 
land rights. AEP remains committed to No Deforestation, No Peatland, No Exploitation (“NDPE”) policies. All supplies 
of FFB to our mills are traceable to their origins of supply chains and are not linked to illegal deforestation. There is 
growing pressure from buyers to avoid CPO with NDPE and High Conservation Values (“HCV”) issues.    

A  prolonged  resurgence  of  the  Covid-19  pandemic,  especially  with  many  countries  already  on  recession  watch, 
remains a potential  major risk to palm oil  demand in both the food and energy sectors. Despite the availability of 
vaccines, a slower than expected rollout or a reduction in the effectiveness of vaccines could weaken consumer and 
business confidence and dampen economic recovery resulting in weaker trade and commodity prices. 

I have mentioned earlier that one of the main reasons for the high CPO prices was the high domestic demand in 
Indonesia created by the government B30 biodiesel programme whereby it uses 30% fatty acid methyl esters made 
from palm oil to blend with the traditional fossil fuel. The soaring CPO prices meant that the Indonesian government 
had to pay ballooning biodiesel subsidies. It was inevitable that in December 2020, the Indonesian government raised 
the exports levy and tax on CPO. The export levy for palm oil exports was revised from a fixed rate of $55/mt to 
progressive rates linked to CPO prices. Under the new structure, export levy is payable from a minimum of $55/mt to 
$255/mt when the CPO prices range from $670/mt to above $995/mt. On top of this, the government also collects 
export tax of $33/mt up from $3/mt previously. Without the revision, the long term economic viability of the biodiesel 
programme in Indonesia is questionable amidst the low crude oil prices. This new structure would, at the same time, 
cap the exponential growth of profit due to soaring CPO prices. 

Brexit became a reality as the UK exited the EU single market with an EU tariff and quota-free trade deal sealed to 
avert  potential  business  chaos  and  uncertainties  in  the  immediate  future,  although  it  maybe  unlikely  that  AEP’s 
business will be significantly affected by this. At present, I believe that people are generally more concerned about the 
continuing Coronavirus pandemic which has claimed many lives and disrupted the economy and livelihood not just in 
the UK but across the globe. With the availability of vaccine some communities believe there is hope that the world 
can gradually combat Covid-19 and over time will bring back normality or close to normality to our lives. However, it is 
unknown when will be the time or year that the above will come into reality.  

In determining the amount of dividends to be paid to our shareholders, the Board in previous years had been consistent 
with a balanced approach to the requirement of funds in the Company in order to expand and enhance shareholders’ 
value but at the same time cognisant of shareholders’ wishes to have dividends as a form of income. As with last year 
the Board continues to have the regulatory obligation to ensure that the Group has adequate funds to continue as a 
going concern for the foreseeable future in a near worst-case scenario because of the uncertainty due to Covid-19. As 
a result of the current crisis in India, as well as the precautionary measures in Indonesia, the Board is of the opinion 
that the pandemic is far from over in the region where the Group’s operations are, due to the mutations and variants 
more infectious than the initial virus that the world has been combating. With this in mind the Board has adopted a 
prudent view for the time being and has declared a final dividend of 1.0cts per share, in line with our reporting currency, 
in respect of the year to 31 December 2020 (2019: 0.5cts). In the absence of any specific instructions up to the date 
of closing of the register on 11 June 2021, shareholders with addresses in the UK will be deemed to have elected to 
receive their dividends in Pounds Sterling and those with addresses outside of UK will be deemed to have elected to 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

11 

 
 
   
 
 
 
Chairman’s Statement

receive their dividends in US Dollars. Subject to the approval by shareholders at the AGM, the final dividend will be 
paid on 16 July 2021 to those shareholders on the register on 11 June 2021. 

This year’s AGM scheduled on 28 June 2021 will be held in Kuala Lumpur again because of practical reasons linked 
to this pandemic, as explained in more detail on page 8 and 9. Although shareholders are able to participate via Zoom, 
the Board is, nevertheless, conscious that shareholders would want to have personal interaction with Board members, 
normally at the AGM and therefore a meeting will be organised in London when it is appropriate to do so, with less 
formality, for shareholders to meet with some of the Board members. 

On behalf of the Board of Directors, I would like to convey our sincere thanks to our management and employees of 
the Group for their dedication, loyalty, resourcefulness, commitment and contribution to the preservation of the Group’s 
operation as a going concern during this extremely difficult and trying period. We would appreciate that they would 
continue to do so if local and global adversity were to worsen. 

I would also like to take this opportunity to thank shareholders, business associates, government authorities and all 
other stakeholders for their continued confidence, understanding and support for the Group. 

Madam Lim Siew Kim 
Chairman   

                                                                     12 May 2021

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Introduction 
The  Strategic  Report  has  been  prepared  to  provide  shareholders  with  information  to  complement  the  financial 
statements. This report may contain forward-looking statements, which have been included by the Board in good faith 
based on information available up to the time of approval of this report. Such statements should be treated with caution 
going forward given the uncertainties inherent with the economic and business risks faced by the Group. 

Business Model   
The Group will continue to focus on its strength and expertise, which is planting more oil palms and production of CPO. 
This includes replanting old palms with low yield, replacing old rubber trees with palm trees and building more mills to 
process the FFB. The Group has, over the years, created value to shareholders through expansion in a responsible 
way.  

The Group remains committed to use its available resources to develop the land bank in Indonesia as regulatory 
constraints permit. The Indonesian government has, in recent years, passed laws to prioritise domestic investments 
and to limit foreign direct investments over national interest, including a limit of 20,000 ha per province and a national 
total of 100,000ha on the licensed development of oil palms for companies that are not listed in Indonesia or with less 
than a majority local ownership.  

The Group’s objectives are to provide appropriate returns to investors in the long-term from its operations as well as 
through the expansion of the Group’s business, to foster economic progress in localities of the Group’s activities and 
to  develop  the  Group’s  operations  in  accordance  with  the  best  corporate  social  responsibility  and  sustainability 
standards. 

We  believe  that  sustainable  success  for  the  Group  is  best  achieved  by  acting  in  the  long-term  interests  of  our 
shareholders, our partners and society. 

Our Strategy 
One of the Group’s objectives is to provide an appropriate level of return to the investors and to enhance shareholder 
value. Profitability, however, is very much dependent on the CPO price, which is volatile and is determined by supply 
and demand. The Group believes in the long-term viability of palm oil as it can be produced more economically than 
other competing oils and remains the most productive source of vegetable oil in a growing population. Soybean crops 
would require up to eight times as much land to produce an equivalent weight of palm oil. It was reported that amongst 
the major oilseeds, oil palm occupies about 10% of the total agricultural land but contributes more than 40% of the 
world’s supply of oils and fats. 

The Group’s strategies, therefore, focus on maximising yield per hectare above 22 mt/ha, minimum mill production 
efficiency of 110%, minimising production costs below $300/mt and streamline estate management. For the year under 
review, the Indonesian operations achieved a yield of 18.9 mt/ha, 133% mill efficiency and production cost of $280/mt. 
This compared favourably to 2019 where the Group achieved a yield of 18.1 mt/ha, 132% mill efficiency and production 
cost  of  $285/mt.  Despite  stiff  competition  for  external  crops  from  surrounding  millers,  the  Group  is  committed  to 
purchasing more external crops from third parties at competitive, yet fair prices, to maximise the production efficiency 
of the mills. With higher throughput, the mills would achieve economies of scale in production. A mill achieves 100% 
mill efficiency when it operates 16 hours a day for 300 days per annum. 

In line with the commitment to reduce its carbon footprint, the Group plans to construct, in stages, biogas plants at all 
of its mills to trap the methane gas emitted from the treatment of palm mill effluents to generate electrical power and 
at the same time reduce the consumption of fossil fuel. It plans to sell the surplus electricity and progressively reduce 
the greenhouse gas emissions per metric ton of CPO produced in the next few years. It is commonly accepted that 
failure to address growing calls to reduce greenhouse gas emissions could threaten the long-term social acceptability 
and profitability of a palm oil company. The Group, however, has to put on hold future biogas projects as the state 
authorities have suspended the uptake of electricity from two of our biogas plants and reduced the electricity rate for 
the purchase from another plant due to a drastic drop in demand during the pandemic. 

The Group will continue to engage and offer competitive and fair compensation to the villagers so that land can be 
cleared and be planted. 

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Financial Review 
Performance of the business during the year 
For the year ended 31 December 2020, revenue for the Group was $269.1 million, 23% higher than $219.1 million 
reported in 2019 due primarily to the higher CPO prices and higher production.   

The Group’s operating profit for 2020, before biological asset movement, almost quadrupled to $48.1 million, from last 
year of $12.2 million.   

FFB production for 2020 reached 1.10 million mt, 7% higher than the 1.03 million mt produced in 2019. The overall 
yield for the Indonesian plantations was higher at 18.9 mt/ha (2019: 18.1 mt/ha) due to more consistent and better 
rainfall throughout the year coupled with an increased in matured areas to harvest. La Nina weather patterns brought 
flash floods to many areas towards the end of the year but the permanent damage to the trees was minimal, while 
damages to infrastructure such as roads and bridges were manageable. Young matured oil palms in North Sumatera 
grew well and reported a 13% higher crop production. Bengkulu region, which suffered the most from the effect of 
drought last year, recovered partially with production up by 6%.  

FFB bought-in from local smallholders and plasma in 2020 was 913,200 mt (2019: 907,100 mt), 0.7% more compared 
to 2019. The supply of external crops was affected by greater competition from new mills in North Sumatera and lower 
productivity amongst smaller plantations as they reduced the fertilizer application during the period of low CPO prices. 
During the year, the Group’s mills processed a combined 1.97 million mt of FFB, 5% more than last year of 1.87 million 
mt. CPO production, as a result, was 3% higher at 406,100 mt, compared to 394,700 mt in 2019.  

Profit before tax and after BA movement for the Group was $51.7 million, 174% higher compared to a profit of $18.9 
million in 2019. The BA movement was a credit of $1.3 million, compared to a credit of $3.3 million in 2019. The BA 
movement was mainly due to a change in FFB price which was higher in 2020. The profit before tax was affected by 
reversal of impairment charge on land amounting to $2.0 million compared to a reversal of impairment charge on the 
development cost of the plantation amounting to $7.6 million and impairment on land amounting to $1.0 million in 2019. 
The profit before tax was also impacted by the expected credit loss from Plasma receivables amounting to $1.5 million 
in 2020 (2019: $6.1 million) attributed to the additional amounts allocated for plasma development during the year. Net 
finance income recognised in the income statement decreased from $3.2 million in 2019 to $2.6 million in 2020 due to 
lower interest rate. The tax expense increased from $2.7 million in 2019 to $13.7 million in 2020 mainly due to the 
increase in profit before tax. There was a loss of exchange in translation of foreign operations, recognised in other 
comprehensive income, totalling $5.5 million for 2020 against an exchange gain of $18.7 million in the previous year 
due to the slight weakening of Indonesian rupiah at the year end. The retirement benefits due to the employees at 31 
December 2020, as calculated by a third party actuary, increased to $13.4 million from $11.3 million last year due to 
an increase in the number of full-time workers.  

The average CPO price ex-Rotterdam for 2020 was $723/mt, 28% higher than 2019 of $565/mt. 

Earnings per share before BA movement increased by 120% to 77.67cts compared to 35.37cts in 2019. Earnings per 
share after BA movement increased from 40.61cts to 80.32cts. Earnings per share have increased compared to 2019 
due mainly to the increase in profit after tax. 

Position of the business at the end of the year 
The Group’s balance sheet remains strong. As at 31 December 2020, the Group had cash and cash equivalents, net 
of borrowing of $115.2 million (2019: $76.6 million). The external bank borrowings as at the end of 2019 of $8.2 million 
were fully repaid in the year and the Group has no reliance on external financing. The net cash inflow from operating 
activities during the year was higher at $65.1 million by 346% compared to $14.6 million in 2019 due mainly to the 
more robust CPO prices and higher production. The net cash used in financing activities during the year was lower by 
30% at $8.8 million compared to $12.5 million in 2019 due to the reduced level of borrowings at the beginning of the 
year to repay and the lesser amount of dividends paid. The cash position was higher in 2020 due to lower capex and 
development costs.  

The lower additions to development costs for property, plant and equipment (“PPE”) amounting to $21.1 million in 2020 
(2019: $34.0 million)  was due to reduced construction costs. The impairment reversal of $2.0 million in 2020 was 

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related to land, whilst the impairment reversal in 2019 of $6.6 million was mainly related to the plantations. Amounts 
due from cooperatives under the Plasma scheme before expected credit loss was $24.6 million (2019: $19.1 million), 
an increase of 29% mainly due to the new planted area for Plasma during the year. Deferred tax assets reduced from 
$11.3 million in 2019 to $8.8 million and deferred tax liabilities reduced from $17.0 million in 2019 to $15.5 million 
mainly due to the reduction of tax rate from 25% to 22% in Indonesia. Inventories increased from $8.8 million in 2019 
to $12.5 million in 2020 because of logistic problem in Bengkulu and Kalimantan which has since been resolved. Other 
working capital for trade and other receivables and payables increased by $10.5 million mainly due to more advances 
received from customers.  

The  tax  recoverable  for  2021  amounted  to  $51.7  million,  4%  higher  over  the  previous  year  of  $49.5  million.  The 
substantial tax recoverable is due to value added tax (“VAT”) and corporate income tax (“CIT”) paid which is refundable 
by the Indonesian tax authority after their tax audit. A detailed description is provided in note 8. 

The Directors carried out assessments of our significant assets to determine whether such assets showed indicators 
of impairment as a result of the pandemic or wider climate change issues. 

Viability Statement 
The viability assessment considers solvency and liquidity over a longer period than for the purposes of the going 
concern assessment made on page 15. Inevitably, the degree of certainty reduces over this longer period. 

The Group’s business activities, financial performance, corporate development and principal risks associated with the 
local operating environment are covered under the various sections of this strategic report. In undertaking its review 
of the Group’s performance in 2020, the Board considered the prospects of the Company, focusing on the strategy for 
growth via the expansion of its planted area in tandem with forecasting demand for CPO,  over one and five-year 
periods. The process involved a detailed review of the 2021 detailed budget and the five-year income and cash flow 
projection. The one-year budget has a greater level of certainty and is used to set detailed budgetary targets at all 
levels across the Group. It is also used by the Remuneration Committee to set targets for the annual incentive. The 
five-year income and cash flow projection contains less certainty of the outcome but provides a robust planning tool 
against  which  strategic  decisions  can  be  made.  The  Board  believed  that  to  project  beyond  five  years  has  more 
elements of uncertainties and therefore less reliable for making informed decisions.  

The Board also considered the five-year cash flow projection under various severe but plausible scenarios, including 
the financial impact on the Group due to partial or total shutdown of its operations and the contraction of demand for 
palm oil resulting from the Coronavirus pandemic, as outlined on page 15 of the Strategic Report under Going Concern, 
and the need to support financially loss-making newly matured estates, together with the projected capital expenditure. 
On this basis and other matters considered and reviewed by the Board during the year, the Board has a reasonable 
expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operation and meet its liabilities over the five years 
from 2021 to 2025.  

Going Concern 
As the Group is still facing a period of uncertainty due to the Coronavirus pandemic, the Directors carried out stress 
tests as required, to ensure that the Group has adequate resources in a worst-case scenario to remain as a going 
concern for at least twelve months from the date of this report.  

The Directors have a reasonable expectation, having made the appropriate enquiries, that the Group has control of 
the monthly cash flows and that the Group has sufficient cash resources to cover the fixed cash flows for a period of 
at  least  twelve  months  from  the  date  of  approval  of  these  financial  statements.  For  these  reasons,  the  Directors 
adopted a going concern basis in preparation of the financial statements. The Directors have made this assessment 
after consideration of the Group’s budgeted cash flows and related assumptions including appropriate stress testing 
of identified uncertainties, specifically on the potential shut down of the entire operations from three to twelve months 
if all the plantations are infected with Coronavirus as well as the impact on the demand for palm oil with decreases of 
50%  to  100%.  Stress  testing  of  other  identified  uncertainties  and  risks  such  as  commodity  prices  and  currency 
exchange rates were also undertaken.  

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Business Review 
Indonesia 
The performance of the Indonesian operations is divided into five geographical regions. 

North Sumatera 
FFB  production  in  North  Sumatera,  which  aggregates  the  estates  of  Tasik,  Anak  Tasik,  Labuhan  Bilik  (“HPP”), 
Blankahan, Rambung, Sg Musam and Cahaya Pelita (“CPA”) produced 354,900 mt in 2020 about 13% above last year 
(2019: 314,600 mt). The increase in matured areas to 16,238 ha from 15,025 ha contributed to this higher production. 
A more consistent rainfall pattern and better harvest from young matured palms in Tasik also improved the annual 
yield to 21.6 mt/ha from the previous year of 20.9 mt/ha.    

Implementation of integrated pest management (“IPM”) in largescale replanting has sharply reduced the number of 
incidents of Rhinoceros beetle or Oryctes damage in Tasik and Anak Tasik. It was also observed that the average 
bunch weight for 2020 was significantly higher than the prior year which correlates with having fewer parthenocarpic 
and abnormal bunches. 

Higher production can be expected in coming years due to new planting and recently replanted areas of 1,808 ha 
maturing next year and starting to bear fruits. In HPP, oil palms continued to recover from the desiccation of fronds as 
the affected area has reduced significantly to 98 ha from about 185 ha due to improved rainfall. Water gates and canals 
also provide better water management. About 232 ha in CPA was replanted in 2020 with raised platforms in flood 
prone areas to improve growth and help in the evacuation of fruits.       

In  2020,  the  two mills  in  North  Sumatera  produced  124,900  mt  of  CPO  (2019:138,000 mt)  from  a  throughput  of 
629,200 mt (2019: 680,900 mt). Tasik Raja mill broke its record by processing almost 10% higher FFB in 2020 at 
455,000 mt (2019: 415,400 mt) due mainly to better internal crop production, raising the mill utilization to 158%. Oil 
Extraction Rate (“OER”), however, was lower at 20.02% (2019: 20.12%) possibly due to the dura contamination from 
external crops that made up 38% of the total crops processed. Dura crops with thinner mesocarp normally have an oil 
content of 18% or lower. The operation at this mill was briefly interrupted when two workers tested positive for Covid-
19 which resulted in mass precautionary screening and a reduction in staffing levels. The Blankahan mill on the other 
hand had a bad year processing 34% less FFB at 174,200 mt (2019: 265,600 mt) due to lower external crop purchases 
reducing  mill  utilization  from  138%  to  91%  this  year.  The  emergence  of  new  mills  in  the  region  posted  intense 
competition. Outside crops that made up 73% of the total crops processed by the mill in the previous year dropped to 
58% in 2020. Internal crop production was also lower as the average age of trees reached 26 years with replanting to 
be carried out soon. Replanting in Blankahan is delayed as the yield had been consistently high in the past years 
averaging 26 mt/ha due to good soil condition.   

The two biogas plants in North Sumatera did not perform up to expectation in 2020. Blankahan biogas plant had a 
disappointing year. It sold about 2,500 MWh (2019: 2,200 MWh) of surplus electricity and generated $151,800 (2019: 
$140,800) in revenue before state authorities suspended the uptake of electricity from the middle of the second quarter 
of the year. Tasik biogas plant, which was commissioned in the fourth quarter of 2020, was unable to sell the surplus 
electricity as the national grid suspended the uptake following the shutdown of many economic activities during the 
Coronavirus pandemic.  

The sales from the biomass plant were also lower in 2020 at $427,100 compared to $733,100 last year, as the plant 
exported 26% less dried long fibres  at 4,930 mt compared to 6,690 mt last  year. The drop in demand due to the 
pandemic had also dampened selling prices which had fallen by as much as 55%. Buyers also complained about 
higher shipment cost as containers were stuck at port due to shortage of manpower to clear them.  

Bengkulu 
FFB production in Bengkulu, which aggregates the estates of Puding Mas (“MPM”) and Alno produced 304,000 mt 
(2019: 287,300 mt), 6% more than 2019. Production from Bengkulu region has improved by 6% as rainfall normalised 
to 4,000mm in 2020 (2019: 2,860mm) with higher yield at 18.2 mt/ha from 16.9 mt/ha last year.  

MPM and Sumindo mills processed a combined 672,200 mt (2019: 587,000 mt) of FFB in 2020 due to higher internal 
crop production as well as higher external crop purchases. External crop purchases increased by 22% to 344,700 mt 

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from 283,200 mt last year as production in the region recovered from moisture stress the previous year increasing mill 
utilization to 133% from 116% last year. CPO production for the year was 10% higher at 138,200 mt (2019: 125,300 
mt) with OER for the two mills averaging 20.6%, lower from 21.4% last year. External crops made up 51% of the 
throughput compared to 48% in 2019.  

About 1,000 ha of palms will be replanted from next year as the palms in Alno and MPM reached the average age of 
18 and 21 years respectively. The replanting is also fast tracked as the dura palms constituted a significant portion of 
the planted areas. Fruits from dura palms have thin mesocarp which ultimately produce less oil. 

The  MPM  biogas  plant  sold over  9,600  MWh  (2019:  9,300  MWh)  of  surplus  electricity,  3%  higher  and  generated 
$444,300 in revenue (2019: $442,400). The biogas plant performed below its optimum two megawatt capacity due to 
frequent breakdowns in the old transmission lines and also lower demand. The authorities renewed the contract to 
purchase electricity from the biogas plant for another two years to 2023 with the same rate. It was due to expire in the 
first quarter of next year.  

South Sumatera 
FFB  production  in  South  Sumatera,  which  aggregates  the  estates  of  Karya  Kencana  (“KKST”),  Empat  Lawang 
(“ELAP”) and Riau Agrindo (“RAA”) produced 34,200 mt (2019: 39,400 mt), 13% lower than 2019. In South Sumatera, 
the drought unfortunately continued from last year. Annual rainfall in South ELAP was 1,530 mm (2019: 1,330 mm) 
which also experienced eight months where rainfall fell below the minimum of 150 mm per month for healthy crop 
production. The yield in South Sumatera reflected the dry conditions which diminished further to 6.3 mt/ha from 7.4 
mt/ha the previous year. 

During the year about 16,600 new palms were spot planted in South Sumatera boosting the stems per hectare to 101 
trees from the target of 105 trees. It incurred higher planting cost as frequent resupply of young palms was needed 
due to damages by cattle owned by local villagers that roam the plantation freely for grazing. Trenching and fencing 
the  plantation  were  explored  but  were  deemed  as  not  economical.  Discussions  with  the  local  villagers  were  not 
productive and, as any strained relationship can be detrimental in the long run, the management decided instead to 
fence individual young plants to protect them. With higher CPO prices, more FFB thefts were reported in 2020 as the 
region faced high unemployment during the pandemic.  The management has stepped up increased security patrols.   

Riau 
FFB production in the Riau region, comprising Bina Pitri estates, produced 133,200 mt in 2020 (2019: 129,400 mt), 
3% higher than 2019. Rainfall was higher at 2,850 mm (2019: 2,649 mm). The yield for the year was slightly higher at 
27.3 mt/ha from last year of 26.6 mt/ha. Over 2,800 ha would be replanted from 2023 to 2026 as 78% of the palms are 
between the ages of 23 to 26 years. Flash floods interrupted harvesting towards the end of the year as heavy rain 
burst the river banks.    

Despite the 8% higher external crop purchase at the mill at 225,300 mt compared to 208,600 mt last year, the mill 
utilization rate dropped to 125% from 156% last year. The mill upgrade was finally completed in 2020 with the milling 
capacity  improved  to  60  mt/hr  from  45  mt/hr  previously. Overall  CPO  production  was  higher  by  3%  to  69,100  mt 
compared to 66,800 mt in 2019. Despite the high yield, the region is contaminated by dura palms which made up 63% 
of the crops processed by the mill. The mill therefore had a low OER of 19.3% compared to 19.8% in the previous 
year.     

Bangka 
FFB production in the Bangka region, comprising Bangka Malindo Lestari estates, produced 8,700 mt in 2020 (2019: 
6,000 mt), 45% higher than 2019. Higher crop was due to a larger harvestable area and more palms having reached 
peak maturity. Yield improved from 11.2 mt/ha to 13.5 mt/ha in 2020. With new planting in 2020 totalling 706 ha (2019: 
651 ha), the total planting including plasma in Bangka has reached 2,856 ha (2019: 1,994 ha). 

Kalimantan 
FFB production in Kalimantan which comprises of the Sawit Graha Manunggal (“SGM”) and Kahayan Agro Plantation 
(“KAP”) estates was 249,500 mt in 2020 (2019: 231,400 mt) 8% higher than 2019 as more palms matured and reached 
the peak production age. The average age of palms in SGM and KAP were nine and four years respectively. During 

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the year 583 ha of palms matured in SGM and KAP leading to its first harvest. The yield in Kalimantan recovered to 
18.6 mt/ha from a low of 18.0 mt/ha last year as rainfall was consistent throughout the year at 3,448 mm per annum 
an improvement from last year of 2,864 mm. Lower yield was experienced last year due to prolonged drought and 
haze in the region which shifted crop pattern especially on sandy soil dominated areas. SGM experienced several 
occasions of flash flood with no lasting damages as it cleared within days.  

New planting in SGM and KAP is expected to reach 1,000 ha next year. The long-term prospect for Kalimantan remains 
bright. 

SGM continued with its mechanization of infield collection of harvested crops by the purchase of light all-terrain vehicles 
called Quick which are cheaper and easier to maintain. Additional units will be added to the current fleet to help with 
the crops evacuation. 

The purchase of external and plasma crops in SGM reached 68,900 mt in 2020 which was higher by 41% compared 
to 49,000 mt last year. The total external and plasma crop at the SGM mill made up 22% of the total crops processed 
from 18% last year. With the throughput at the mill reaching 312,000 mt (2019: 268,700 mt), the mill utilization rate 
increased to 144% from 124% last year producing 73,900 mt of CPO, 14% more than 2019 of 64,600 mt. OER for the 
mill averaged 23.7% for the year compared to 24.1% last year and continue to outperform the rest of the mills in the 
Group. The lower OER for the year was likely due to parthenocarpic bunches and forced ripening of the fruits after 
long periods of hot weather followed by rain showers. Under such condition the mesocarp of the fruits turned yellow 
with lower oil content. 

The SGM biogas plant generated 19% more electricity in 2020 at over 6,800 MWh (2019: 5,700 MWh) worth $373,700 
(2019: $325,100). The contract to purchase electricity, which will expire in the first quarter of next year, was extended 
by the authorities to 2022 with the electricity rate reduced by 12% due to a drop in power demand in the region. 

During the year, with international borders mostly closed to non-essential travelling, the Malaysian based agronomist 
could  not  make  monthly  field  visits  to  underperforming  estates  in  Indonesia  to  provide  advice  on  optimizing  field 
disciplines  and  improving  crop  yields.  The  Board  believes  that  the  closer  monitoring  of  field  performance  once 
international travel restriction relax will result in improvements in the crop yield.   

Overall bought-in crops for Indonesian operations including plasma were 0.7% higher at 913,200 mt for the year 2020 
(2019: 907,100 mt). The average OER for our mills was marginally lower in 2020 at 20.6% in 2020 (2019: 21.1%). 

Replanting in progress                                                             FFB evacuation using MF tractor 

Malaysia 
FFB production in 2020 was 11% higher at 18,600 mt, compared to 16,700 mt in 2019. Several other plantations in 
East Malaysia had to stop operations temporarily as their workers tested positive for Covid-19 however we are pleased 
to say that our operation was not affected.  The Malaysian government imposed a freeze on the intake of foreign 
workers from March 2020 to prevent the spread of the virus and to encourage displaced locals to fill vacancies in the 
plantation. The situation was exacerbated as foreign workers who returned home after their work contracts expired 
could  not  be  replaced.  Substantial  shortage  of  workers  hampered  not  only  field  maintenance  and  application  of 
fertilisers but harvest resulting in crop losses. Towards the end of the year end, the La Nina weather pattern brought 
heavy rain resulting in massive flooding and landslides damaging roads and bridges which needed costly repairs.  The 

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Strategic Report

palms, with an average age of 23 years, faced declining yield as the fertiliser program was not followed. The Malaysian 
plantation in 2020 generated a profit before tax after BA movement of $0.1 million compared to loss before tax after 
BA movement of $0.9 million in 2019. The plantation obtained its Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (“MSPO”) certification 
in January 2021.   

The financial performance of the various regions are reported in note 6 on segmental information. 

Commodity Prices 
The CPO ex-Rotterdam price started the year at $878/mt (2019: $517/mt) and trended downward for the first five 
months  of  the  year  as  international  borders  were  closed  and  Coronavirus  induced  lockdown  of  major  economic 
activities spread across the world dampening demand. The price was lowest in May 2020 at $496/mt before a sharp 
turnaround as major economies reopened after the first wave of the pandemic. The price peaked in December 2020 
at $1,029/mt before ending the year at $1,014/mt (2019: $856/mt), averaging $723/mt for the year, 28% higher than 
last year (2019: $565/mt). The strong rebound in prices was due to a combination of reasons. The Indonesian B30 
biodiesel programme continues to be the main driver of CPO prices. The increase in domestic absorption of CPO 
through biodiesel mandate reduces global supply and eventually boosts prices. The pent up demand for palm products 
after the initial lockdown amidst an environment of lower crop production and lower CPO inventory also pushed prices 
higher. At the end of November 2020, the Indian government reduced temporarily the import duty on CPO by 10% 
which made palm oil more competitive against alternative soft oils. This was short lived as the government in February 
2021 revamped its tax structure for import of major vegetable oils with additional tax of 5.5% imposed on palm oil which 
made it less competitive going forward. Stronger soy bean prices due to uncertain weather conditions in soybean 
producing countries also helped to lift CPO prices higher. The strong CPO prices are expected to last at least until the 
end  of  first  quarter  2021  as  potential  pullback  is  expected  from  rising  vegetable  oil  production.  The  high  prices, 
however, could lower demand and encourages a shift to alternative vegetable oils. The Chairman’s Statement earlier 
mentioned major changes made by the Indonesian government in CPO export tax levy and tax in December 2020. 
Palm oil’s discount to its main rival, soybean oil, has contracted to the smallest margin in a decade for the major part 
of the year reducing its traditional appeal as a cheaper vegetable oil especially in price sensitive markets. The discount, 
however, widened in the first quarter of 2021 as soybean prices soar again.  It has been reported that palm oil will face 
more headwinds in the coming year as China imports more soybean to power an aggressive expansion of the country’s 
hog industry recently devastated by the African swine fever. The crushing of soybeans produces soybean oil and 
meals, the latter being used to feed the hogs.  

Over a period of ten years, CPO price has touched a monthly average high of $1,284/mt in 2011 and a monthly average 
low of $472/mt in 2018. The monthly average price over the ten years is about $771/mt.  

CPO CIF Rotterdam 

$/mt
1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0
2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

source: IEG Vu

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Rubber prices averaged $1,356/mt for 2020 (2019: $1,272/mt). Our small area of 262 ha of mature rubber contributed 
a revenue of $0.6 million in 2020 (2019: $0.7 million). Rubber continues to struggle with low prices. Our rubber trees 
are also affected by fungus disease called Pestalotiopasis sp fungus which causes abnormal defoliation that severely 
lowers latex production. Production in the year was also affected by the uneven wintering which caused the under 
application of ethereal to simulate latex production. 

Corporate Development 
In 2020, the Group opened up new land and planted 2,190 ha (2019: 1,757 ha) of oil palm mainly in Kalimantan and 
Bangka, boosting planted area including the smallholder cooperative scheme, known as Plasma, by 3% to 73,600 ha 
(2019: 71,481 ha). Another 785 ha was replanted in North Sumatera and Bengkulu. In 2021, the Group plans to plant 
3,800  ha  of  oil  palm  which  includes  replanting  of  950  ha  in  Bengkulu.  Opening  of  new  land  for  planting  can  be 
cumbersome and requires written approval from local authorities, submission of environment impact assessments and 
meetings with local communities.  

As mentioned in the Business Review, the fourth biogas plant in Rantau Prapat costing $3.8 million was commissioned 
in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020.  Unfortunately,  it  was  unable  to  sell  the  surplus  electricity  as  the  national  grid  has 
suspended  the  uptake  following  the  shutdown  of  many  economic  activities  during  the  Coronavirus  pandemic.  An 
appeal, however, has been made to the ministry in charge of renewable energy. The management is exploring all 
opportunities  to  maximise  the  use  of  the  biogas  plant  including  bottling  the  BioCNG  for  Indonesian  domestic 
consumption.  

The  civil  and  structural  works  for  the  seventh  mill  in  North  Sumatera  costing  $6.7  million  has  been  awarded  and 
mobilization work started towards the end of the year. The contractor has started to build a temporary jetty and housing 
at the site. Mechanical works estimated to cost another $6 million are expected to be tendered by early next year. The 
project is earmarked for completion by 2022. 

The upgrade of the Bina Pitri mill was finally completed in 2020 improving its milling capacity from 45 mt/hr to 60 mt/hr 
at a cost of $2.3 million. 

Our feasibility study concluded that it is more profitable to build a mill in KAP to support its operation due to high 
logistics costs. KAP is currently transporting the FFB some 600km to SGM mill or, when this becomes too arduous 
such as during the monsoon season, the fruits are sold locally to third parties. The Group plans to build a 45 mt/hr mill 
with two storage tanks of 5,000 mt each with minimum spare machineries costing an estimated $12 million.       

Corporate Social Responsibility 
Corporate Social Responsibility (“CSR”) is an integral part of corporate self-regulation incorporated into our business 
model. Our Group embraces responsibility for the impact of its activities on the environment, consumers, employees, 
communities, stakeholders and all other members of the public sphere. In engaging the social dimension of CSR, the 
Group’s business has taken cognizance of the contribution and further enrichment of its employees while continuing 
to make contributions to improve the well-being of the surrounding community.  

The Group sustainability policy and commitment to no deforestation and development on peat land, no open burning, 
no exploitation, no forced or child labour and other best management practices can be downloaded from the website 
under  Corporate Governance.  The  Group  also  released  a statement  on  the  UK  Modern  Slavery  Act 2015  for  the 
financial year 2020 which is also published on the website under the same section. 

The majority of employees and their dependents in the plantations and mills are housed in self-contained communities 
built by the Group. The employees and their dependents are provided with free housing, clean water and electricity. 
The Group also builds, provides and repairs places of worship for workers of different religious faiths as well as schools 
and sports facilities in these communities. Over the years, the Group has built a total of seventy-seven mosques and 
nineteen churches across its estates. During the fasting month, the management team frequently broke fast with the 
employees from the estates and mills as well as with surrounding villagers. It also sponsored and donated cows for 
sacrifice  to  celebrate  religious  festivals.  The  Group  spent  $248,100  (2019:  $254,600)  in  2020  to  maintain  these 
amenities and to support the communal activities. 

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The Group provides free education for all employees’ children in the local plantations and communities where they 
work. The access to education and the spread of knowledge to hundreds of children across remote locations provide 
a chance to overcome poverty, whom otherwise may be deprived and without prospect for the future. In addition, the 
Group  provides  computers  and  funding  to  construct  educational  facilities  including  laboratories  and  libraries.  The 
salaries of teachers in the estates and the cost of buying and running the school buses to transport employees’ children 
are provided by the Group. Over the years a total of thirty-nine schools which comprised of twenty-two pre-schools, 
eleven primary schools, five secondary schools and one high school were built with a combined enrolment of over 
4,380 students. It currently employs  one hundred and sixty-two teachers in the estates. The Group operated forty 
vehicles and spent some $691,000 (2019: $906,000) on running the schools and operating the buses in 2020.   

As part of the Group’s contribution to education, it provides scholarships to qualified students from the communities 
as well as our employees’ children to pursue tertiary education. One hundred and nineteen children of our employees 
were sponsored in 2020 at a cost of $139,600 (2019: $119,300) since its introduction in 1999, to study in various 
universities in Indonesia. The popular courses ranged from Engineering, Education, Economics to Agriculture. Sixty-
two of them had successfully graduated from the universities with some of them now working for the Group.  

Vaccination of children                                                                Covid-19 safety regulations 

The Group continues to provide free comprehensive health care for all its workers as we believe that every employee 
and their dependents should have easy access to health services. We have established twenty-three clinics operated 
by qualified doctors, nurses and hospital assistants in the estates. The Group upgraded two of its  clinics in North 
Sumatera and Bengkulu to meet the minimum standard required by the government under the country’s Health and 
Social Security Agency. The upgraded clinics also provided health care services to the surrounding community without 
the  need  to  travel  to  faraway  cities  for  medical  treatment.  The  Group  also  operates  16  ambulances  to  support 
emergency transportation needs within the estates, mills and surrounding villages. In addition, the Group organised 
fogging to prevent the spread of dengue mosquitoes.  

The world has been ravaged by the uncertainty brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic since the end of 2019. To 
prevent the spread of its infection within our operations, the Group has put into place stringent precautionary measures 
to protect all our personnel. Mass testing was, and continues to be, conducted at the Indonesian operations to check 
for infection. A Standard Operating Procedure was also established to dictate the day-to-day operations at the office 
which include temperature checks, social distancing measures and alternate working day arrangements. A specialist 
consultant was engaged to review safety measures in the office and plantations and put in place additional protocols 
to  educate  workers  to  combat  the  spread  of  the  virus.  Movements  within  the  Group’s  estates  have  been  tightly 
restricted  and,  unless  in  cases  of  emergency,  access  has  been  denied  for  external  visitors.  All  our  estates  have 
appropriate plans to isolate and quarantine individuals, even whole divisions or estates, including stopping all field 
work if situations require it. Remote working arrangements are in place for all offices, and travel by the Group’s staff 
has been reduced to essential travel only. Due to the large workforce employed in the plantations, routine retesting 
with  rapid  virus  test-kits  is  conducted  by  qualified  nurses  for  all  the  office  and  plantation  workers  to  ensure  early 
detection leading to isolation.  

In remote and isolated locations where piped water is not available, the Group drilled tube wells to provide clean water. 
Related healthcare expenses for full and part-time field workers including monthly contributions to Health and Social 
Security Agency in 2020 were $1.5 million (2019: $884,000). 

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A strong commitment to CSR has a positive impact on employees’ attitudes and boosts employee recruitment. The 
Group realises that employees are valuable assets in order to run an efficient, effective, profitable and sustainable 
business and operations. Selected employees are given the opportunity to attend seminars and external training to 
enhance their working skills and capability. The Group constantly recruits potential field employees who are sent to 
the  Group’s  central  training  facilities  in  Blankahan,  set  up  in  2014,  to  undergo  a  rigorous  twelve-month  training 
programme  which  includes  theory  and  practical  fieldwork.  A  total  of  four  hundred  and  ninety-six  employees  have 
participated in the programme since its inception in 1993 with 35% of participants still working for the Group. Over the 
years,  one  employee  has  successfully  been  promoted  to  General  Manager  level  with  another  twenty-four  being 
employed in various senior positions in the head office, plantations and mills. 

The  Group  also  recognises  its  obligations  to  the  wider  farming  communities  in  which  it  operates.  The  Indonesian 
authorities have established that not less than 20% of the newly planted areas acquired from 2007 onwards are to be 
reserved for the benefit of the smallholder cooperative scheme, known as Plasma, and the Group is integrating such 
smallholder developments alongside its estates. The Plasma development has commenced in stages for its estates in 
Sumatera and Kalimantan. Out of the 8,166 ha plasma commitment, the Group has planted oil palm in 4,004 ha. In 
2020 the Group received 34,900 mt of FFB from Plasma schemes compared to 31,000 mt the previous year. Total 
revenue generated by Plasma cooperatives was $3.8 million in 2020 against $3.1 million in 2019.  

In order to aid the development of Plasma schemes, the Group provided corporate guarantees of over $17 million 
through  its  subsidiaries  to  local  banks  to  cover  loans  raised  by  the  cooperatives.  The  Group  also  assisted  the 
cooperatives to obtain the proper land rights certification from the local land office, in which 1,431 ha were approved 
and certified in 2020. 

The Group supported the Kas Desa smallholder village development programme to supplement the livelihood of the 
villages. The Group has to-date financed, developed and managed twenty-three smallholder village schemes of oil 
palm across four companies.  

In addition, the Group also develops infrastructure such as the construction and repair of bridges and maintained over 
202 km of external roads in 2020 at a cost of $5.0 million (2019: $5.2 million). The Group also provides initial aid and 
seed capital to villagers such as fruit seedlings, fish fry, cattle and ducks to start community sustainable programs. 

The Group started a vegetable farm in a one-hectare site in North Sumatera in 2018 where it planted various organic 
vegetables. The produce was sold to employees at subsidized prices to reduce their cost of living as well as to promote 
heathy living. It also donated some vegetables to local charitable homes.  

The Group leased eight hectares of land just outside Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and started to clear the land in 2020 to 
build  greenhouses  for  organic  farming.  It  aims  to  produce  organic  vegetables  and  fruits  in  an  environmentally 
sustainable  manner  and  make  them  available  to  consumers  at  affordable  prices  as  part  of  its  corporate  social 
responsibility. Some of the production will also be earmarked for donation to orphanages and retirement homes.   

Donation of organic vegetable to Medan Orphanage                    Plasma planting 

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Bridge repair                                                                                  Staff housing 

Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (“ISPO”) 
The ISPO certification is legally mandatory for all plantations in Indonesia. In March 2012, ISPO, which is fundamentally 
aligned  to  Roundtable  on  Sustainable  Palm  Oil  (“RSPO”)  principles,  has  become  the  mandatory  standard  for 
Indonesian planters. In comparison, RSPO has the most comprehensive social impact assessment requirements and 
the strongest measures for biodiversity protection. While ISPO may be less stringent, protection for biodiversity was 
enhanced through the Presidential Decree 8/2018 that imposed a three-year moratorium on the clearance of primary 
forest for plantations.  

A Steering Committee was established to work out a roadmap to support the ISPO implementation at mills and estates. 
Workshops and training sessions on occupational safety and healthcare were carried out to inculcate a safety culture 
in workplaces at all the estates and mills. The Group compiles and reviews statistics on work related accidents in its 
operations. Any incident resulting in fatality or serious injury will be rigorously investigated to identify the cause so that 
corrective action can be implemented to prevent future incident. In 2020 the Ministry of Labour awarded seven of our 
operating companies the Zero Accident Awards in North Sumatera in recognition of the companies’ effort to reduce 
accidents at workplaces. The Group continued to upgrade its agricultural chemical stores and diesel fuel storage tanks 
in various plantations and mills to meet safety and environmental standards. 

Every estate under ISPO is required to have a fire team with each personnel fully trained and equipped with certificate 
of competence issued by the fire departments. Our Group conducts a fire drill at least once a year. Watch towers are 
constructed in every estate to monitor fire outbreaks. The watch towers are manned constantly particularly during the 
dry  weather.  Standard  operating  procedures  were  refined  and  documented  based  on  sustainable  oil  palm  best 
practices. It also conducts internal audits using an audit checklist adopted from the above practices to determine the 
level of compliance.  

The Group worked closely with appointed certification consultants in the implementation of ISPO standard. BML was 
awarded the ISPO certification in 2020. To-date twelve companies have been ISPO certified. The certification audits 
for the remaining four companies have started. The second stage of certification process however cannot proceed 
until  the  companies  obtain  their  land  titles  or  Hak  Guna  Usaha  (“HGU”).  ISPO  certification  provides  third  party 
verification and confirmation that the companies are operating according to national and international standards. The 
Group targets full ISPO compliance by 2022.  The Group intends to embark on full RSPO compliance once all the 
companies in the Group are ISPO compliant. 

At the same time the Malaysian plantation has obtained its MSPO certification in January 2021.  

Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) Practices 
AEP believes that the responsible stewardship of our environment is critical in benefiting our consumers, employees, 
shareholders and society in general, thus maintaining the industry’s long-term prospects. The Group has a dedicated 
sustainability  manager  based  in  Medan,  Indonesia  within  an  Environmental  Health  and  Safety  (“EHS”)  and 
sustainability department overseen by our Indonesian President Director. On the ground, the sustainability team is 
assisted by a team of staff in each of our estates. A group sustainability policy was published in 2019 to underline our 

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commitment to sustainable practices within our estates. This policy covers responsible development, environmental 
protection, conservation of biodiversity, workers’ rights and safety, emissions and business ethics, among others. The 
group also participates in the Sustainable Palm Oil Transparency Toolkit (“SPOTT”) assessment by the Zoological 
Society  of  London  (“ZSL”)  that  uses  publicly  available  information  to  annually  assess  palm  oil  producers  on  the 
transparency of their commitments to environmental, social and governmental best practice. 

The palm oil industry has continuously received close scrutiny in the media due to concerns on global warming and 
rainforest destruction. Realising this, the Group has adopted a zero deforestation, zero peat planting and zero burning 
policy  throughout  our  group.  When  it  comes  to  replanting,  felled  palm  trunks  are  chipped,  shredded  and  left  to 
decompose  on  the  site.  This mitigates  the  release  of  greenhouse  gases  commonly  associated  with  open  burning 
through the traditional land-clearing method of slash-and-burn. Besides, smoke from open burning also poses a health 
hazard.  Chipping and shredding palm trunks also enriches soil organic matter and recycles nutrients back onto the 
soil. Where land is sloping, terraces are built which helps to prevent landslides and soil erosion, conserve the water 
and nutrients and provide better accessibility for operations. Conservation pits and sumps are also constructed to 
harvest and contain rainwater. Legume cover crops are planted to minimise soil erosion, preserve the soil moisture 
and improve soil chemical and physical properties, thus reducing the use of chemical fertilisers. In mature areas, fronds 
and EFB are neatly stacked on the inter-rows to allow for the slow release of organic nutrients while minimising soil 
erosion. Estates with sandy areas use soft grass, Nephrolepis biserrata ferns and cut fronds to cover bare ground to 
increase soil moisture and improve organic matter contents.  

The effluents discharged from our mills are fully treated in anaerobic lagoons and aerobic tanks to reduce its biological 
oxygen demand (“BOD”). The final discharge is applied to the estate’s land as fertilisers and the BOD is tested regularly 
to ensure that it is below the legal limit for land application in Indonesia. The Group is working towards a zero-effluent 
policy whereby no by-products from the production of CPO is discharged into rivers. 

The Group’s four biogas plants further enhance the treatment of effluents in the mills and at the same time mitigate 
greenhouse emissions. The trapped biogas is used to generate and supply power to its biomass plant, as well as to 
the national grid to reduce dependency on fossil fuels. Similar undertakings for the Group’s mills are planned and shall 
be implemented in stages. The Group intends to equip all our mills with biogas facilities and sell the surplus power 
generated from them. 

The Group is committed to implementing good agricultural practices as spelt out in its standard operating procedures 
for all activities. An Integrated Pest Management system has been adopted to control the population of damaging pests 
and to improve biological balance while reducing dependency on chemical pesticides. Barn owls, which are natural 
predators, have been introduced to control the rat population, replacing the use of rat baits. Beneficial plants such as 
Turnera subulata, Cassia cobanensis and Antigonon leptopus were planted to attract natural predators for biological 
control of bagworms and leaf-eating caterpillars.  

Weeds are controlled selectively by using a broader spectrum of environmentally friendly weed control herbicides. 

Some of the flora and fauna in our estates 

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We are committed to minimize the usage of toxic pesticides and herbicides and will not hesitate to phase them out 
once suitable substitutes are available. Our sprayers are regularly trained in the safety and proper spraying techniques 
by  using  judicious  dosages.  The  chemicals  are  kept  in  designated  storage  and  examined  at  regular  intervals. 
Employees who handle the use of chemicals are provided with convenient on-site washing facilities, and undergo 
medical examination routinely. The Group enforces standard occupational safety measures like the use of protective 
suits  and  equipment  when  mixing,  loading  and  applying  pesticides  which  is  mandatory  by  the  Manpower  and 
Transmigration Ministerial Decree No. 08/2010. Managers and employees risk being penalized and disciplined as 
safety standards compliance is audited from time to time. ISPO certified companies are also prohibited from using 36 
banned active ingredients used in pesticides which can cause various health issues in humans and the environment. 
Highly toxic pesticides such as Paraquat have been completely eliminated in our practice. Pesticides that fall under 
the WHO Class 1A and 1B classification, as well as those that fall under the Stockholm and Rotterdam Conventions 
are used only under exceptional circumstances and under strict supervision. In the meantime, different cocktails of 
safer pesticides are being evaluated as alternatives. The Group has in place a standard operating procedure that 
requires the management to be informed of instances of pesticide poisoning among its pesticide applicators. 

In order to minimize accidents at workplaces, regular training and refresher courses are held to instill the importance 
of safe working practices. Warnings and reminders are displayed at the mills and estates to remind the workers on 
their  safety.  Warning  signs are  placed  at strategic locations  such  as  speed  limits  in housing  estates  and  warning 
against crossing Irish bridges when river water is at a dangerous level. 

Monitoring hot spots from fire tower                                        Fire training 

The Group continues to comply and preserve High Conservative Value (“HCV”) areas recognised by the Department 
of  Forestry.  Every  development  has  gone  through  the  proper  environmental  impact  analysis  as  mandated  by  the 
Indonesian government. All HCV areas were mapped with boundaries clearly marked by independent surveyors to 
ensure that the Group does not plant in these sensitive areas. The Group patrols these protected areas to ensure no 
encroachment  and  maintain  regular  monitoring  and  management  plans  to  preserve  the  flora  and  fauna  of  these 
sensitive areas. The Group has identified about 7,831 ha as riparian reserves and another 5,105 ha as areas of HCV 
within its land. Natural vegetation on uncultivable lands such as deep peat, very steep areas and riparian zones along 
watercourses and mangroves are spared from planting in order to preserve biodiversity and wildlife corridors as well 
as to check erosion. Peatland is considered to be one of the most efficient carbon sinks and any burning or drying will 
release the sequestered carbon dioxide into the air contributing to global warming. Degradation of the mangroves on 
the other hand causes coastal erosion and harm biodiversity and economic losses for communities that depend on 
them for a living. Progress has been made in recent years to step up environmental protection in Indonesia, though 
implementation and monitoring is still weak.   

In Indonesia where drought occurs regularly, an emergency response team is set up in every estate armed with the 
proper equipment and gear to put out fire and prevent them from spreading during the dry months. Regular training on 
fire-fighting  techniques  and safety  is  provided by  the  fire  departments. Our  estates have  also invested in  modern 
technology by utilising drones to pinpoint areas of fire outbreak whenever they are detected by the watchtowers. These 
drones  are  particularly  useful  in  remote  areas  where  accessibility  is  restricted.  According  to  Indonesian  Law  No. 
41/1999 on forestry, a deliberate act of forest burning could lead to 15 years imprisonment and a fine of up to Rp5 

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billion or about $350,000, while negligence act that leads to a forest fire is punishable by a 5 year imprisonment and a 
fine of up to Rp1.5 billion or $105,000 for environmental crime. The government is stepping up its enforcement.  

All sacred and customary lands are set aside and also preserved by the Group out of respect for the local tribes and 
customs to pray and conduct their ritual ceremonies. Some of these locations are posted on the company’s websites.  

The six mills in the Group are operating in compliance with criteria set by the Program for Pollution Control Evaluation 
and Rating (“PROPER”) overseen by the Indonesian Department of Environment. Many of the criteria set by PROPER 
are also part of the ISPO requirement. Five of the mills are officially graded Blue and rated to adhere to the criteria set 
for the management of waste and compliance to environmental conservation over water resources, land development, 
air and sea pollution and dangerous and toxic waste treatment which impact the environment. Although no official 
grading is required for the remaining one mill, it is in full compliance of the PROPER criteria.  

Implement social and ecological sustainability criteria 

The  International  Sustainability  and  Carbon  Certification  (“ISCC”)  is  issued  by  ISCC  System  GmbH,  a  global 
certification body based in Cologne, Germany. The criteria used in the certification process are: 
• 
•  Monitor deforestation-free supply chains 
•  Avoid conversion of biodiverse grassland 
•  Calculate and reduce greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions 
•  Establish traceability in global supply chains 

A mill in Rantau Prapat together with its three estates were audited for ISCC certification in 2020. They are expected 
to obtain the certification by early next year. 

A certification identifies a company as a responsible player in the industry that has taken efforts to produce sustainable 
CPO. 

We have continued to increase the traceability of our external FFB processed in our Group’s mills, and have finally 
achieved  100%  traceability  to  farm.  The  Group  maintains  a  complete  database  of  each  and  every  one  of  our 
smallholders within our supply chain and know their precise locations, with each arrival to the Group’s mills recorded 
and its origin verified. By keeping a close relationship with our suppliers, we are able to not only support them with 
technical and management expertise, but also to inculcate our sustainability policies in their practices.  

More  details  may  be  obtained  from  the  Company’s  website  under  our  Sustainability  dashboard  which  covers  the 
Environment, CSR, Workers’ rights and safety, Corporate Governance and Sustainability certification.  

Management for Climate Risk 
The  Group  has  expanded  its  climate-related  disclosures  and  is  taking  initial  steps  towards  aligning  with  the 
recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosure (“TCFD”), for which disclosure will be 
required on a comply or explain basis in our Annual Report for the year ending 31 December 2021. 

Identifying and assessing risk 
Executive  staff  and  Directors  are  responsible  for  implementation  of  control  procedures  and  for  identifying  and 
managing business risks. The Executive Committee meets monthly to discuss the operation of the business and is 
chaired by the senior general manager from Malaysia. The EHS and Sustainability Department reports to the Executive 
Committee on material local risks, identified by representatives of the Department based at each of our estates.  

In addition, in 2021 we consulted with our external sustainability Partners, Avieco, to identify and prioritise Group-level 
climate-related risks and opportunities. During this process, senior managers and Directors from across the business 
were surveyed to understand the relative materiality of a range of physical and transition risks. Materiality was defined 
by calculating a risk score based on the relative frequency or likelihood of a risk materialising in a 12-month period, 
and the potential magnitude of impact based on change in operating profit. The climate-related risks and opportunities 
assessed  as  being  material  to  the  Group  are  detailed  in  the  table  below.  A  workshop  with  senior  managers  and 
Directors was facilitated by Avieco to determine how the business expects these risks to change over time, and relevant 
risk mitigation/adaptation measures. 

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Influence of climate-related risks and opportunities on strategy 
•  Products 

The adverse perception of palm oil as an environmentally unfriendly and non-renewable source, particularly in 
EU,  continues  to feature in  recent years,  touching on  issues  including  deforestation,  emission  of  greenhouse 
gases, planting on peatland and land rights. AEP is committed to ensuring that our products are produced in a 
sustainable way. This is realised by not clearing forests (zero deforestation), not planting on peat (zero peat) going 
forward, respecting and protecting human rights, and committing towards the traceability of our products. 

•  Supply chain 

Severe adverse weather conditions, such as tropical storms, can result in extended business interruption through 
disruption to our supply chain and to local transportation services. For example, FFB produced in KAP are sold to 
local millers (rather than primary customers more than 600km away) during the wet season. This is because 
transport  time  more  than  doubles  as  lorries  are  frequently  stuck  in  mud  as  untarred  public  roads  are  easily 
damaged by incessant rain and floods. The Group is therefore conducting a feasibility study to build a 45 MT 
FFB/hr mill in KAP to reduce high logistic costs. 

•  Operations 

To progressively reduce the greenhouse gas emissions per metric ton of CPO produced in the next few years, the 
Group plans to construct biogas plants at our remaining palm oil mills, on top of our four existing biogas plants. 
Our plants will be used to trap the biogas from the anaerobic treatment of the palm oil mill effluent and generate 
electrical power. 

In  addition,  the  Group  consistently  practices  good  agricultural  practices  such  as  zero  burning,  integrated  pest 
management, soil and water conservation and recycling of biomass. When it comes to replanting, the old palms felled 
are chipped and shredded and left to decompose at the site. This mitigates the greenhouse gas emissions commonly 
associated with open burning when land is cleared through the traditional method of slash-and-burn. It also enriches 
the organic matter in the soil and recycles nutrients back onto the soil. 

Material Climate-Related Risks and Opportunities For AEP 

Type 

Primary risk/ 
opportunity 
driver 

Key = Opportunity / Risk 

Policy 
Legal 

& 

Compliance 
with changing 
regulations 

Rationale for inclusion as priority risk   Management approach 

Import  tariffs  and  taxes  and  other  import 
restrictions imposed by importing countries 
will  affect  the  demand  for  CPO  and  its 
derivative  products,  and  can  encourage 
substitution  by  other  vegetable  oils.  The 
ISPO 
requires 
certification,  which 
producers  to  mitigate  their  environmental 
impacts, 
for  all 
plantations in Indonesia and therefore non-
compliance  presents  a 
risk 
through  fines.  In  addition,  we  expect 
additional 
disclosure, 
climate-related 
aligned  with  the  recommendations  of  the 
TCFD,  to  be  made  mandatory  for  the 
Group in the UK by the end of 2022. 

legally  mandatory 

financial 

is 

received 

in  Alno  has 

All  of  our  Indonesian  plantations  are 
currently certified under ISPO, except 
those  for  which  we  are  awaiting  land 
titles.  Our  Malaysian  plantation  has 
the  Malaysian 
also 
Sustainable Palm Oil certification. Our 
mill 
received  The 
International Sustainability and Carbon 
Certification, and we are in the process 
of  gaining  ISO  14001  certification  to 
improve our PROPER rating. Through 
this  report  we  have  also  begun  the 
process  of  aligning  with  the  TCFD 
recommendations. 

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Strategic Report

Type 

Market  & 
Reputation 

Primary risk/ 
opportunity 
driver 

in 

Changes 
buyer 
preferences  / 
Difficulty 
accessing 
capital 

Development 
new 
of 
products 

Rationale for inclusion as priority risk   Management approach 

lead 

  Negative  perceptions  about  palm  oil  and 
its links to deforestation can affect market 
access/demand  and  possibly 
to 
changes  in  international  legislation  or 
regulations.  Many 
large  buyers  have 
targets to source a certain % of palm oil 
from RSPO certified producers. The loss 
of  a  major  customer  through  a  lack  of 
RSPO 
impact 
certification  may 
profitability. 

Access  to  capital,  through  banks  and 
investors,  is  also  increasingly  tied  to  the 
ability  to  evidence  the  sustainability  of 
palm oil products, with several large banks 
and investors RSPO members. 

As tenders are performed on a weekly 
basis  we  do  not  find  ourselves  overly 
reliant on a single customer. We ensure 
transparency in our palm oil production 
practices  through  annual  disclosure  to 
Sustainability  Policy  Transparency 
Toolkit  (“SPOTT”)  and  certification  as 
detailed above. 

We communicate regularly with buyers 
and  capital  providers,  to  understand 
their  changing  expectations,  and  are 
investigating the value of RSPO to the 
business.  Our  financial  position  also 
currently negates the need for financing 
through bank loans. 

and 

including 

products, 

reputational 

  Palm oil can be used to produce a range 
low-carbon 
of 
alternative 
fuels  and  materials.  The 
development of new products can provide 
both 
financial 
opportunities,  despite  in  many  instances 
being expensive to produce. For example, 
increasing  demand 
in 
markets  such  as  China  offers  additional 
sources of revenue.  However, policies in 
the EU to reduce and phase out the use of 
palm oil in biodiesel by 2030 means that 
this opportunity may be limited. 

for  biodiesel 

“empty 

One of our mills possesses a biomass 
fruit 
plant  which  converts 
bunches”  into  dried  long  fibres  to  be 
exported to China for use in mattresses 
and products such as furniture. We are 
also exploring commercial avenues for 
bottled  methane  gas 
(“Bio-CNG”), 
which we can also use as a source of 
renewable  fuel  in  boilers,  or  as  a 
replacement for diesel fuel for our FFB 
carrying trucks within the estates. This 
can  provide  a  reputational  benefit, 
increased  operational  resilience,  and 
new revenue streams. 

Technology  Use  of  lower 

emission 
sources 
energy 

of 

  Palm oil mill effluent (“POME”) is used as 
a  feedstock  in  anaerobic  digesters  to 
produce biogas which contains about 60% 
methane. The biogas is purified and used 
as  a  fuel  in  biogas  engines  to  generate 
reduces  our 
electrical  power  which 
reliance on diesel.  

Four  of  our  mills  are  equipped  with 
biogas  plants  to  capture  biogas  and 
generate electricity for sale to the state 
authorities. This also reduces the need 
to  purchase  diesel  for  our  estates,  as 
they are instead supplied power by the 
grid, therefore reducing our emissions. 

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Strategic Report

Type 

Physical 

Primary risk/ 
opportunity 
driver 

Heavy  rainfall 
& flooding  

Rationale for inclusion as priority risk   Management approach 

  Excessive rainfall generally leads to poor 
pollination  of  palms  and  reduces  the 
effectiveness  of  fertilisers.  High  levels  of 
rainfall can also disrupt estate operations 
and result in harvesting delays with loss of 
FFB or deterioration in fruit quality. Where 
leading 
in  revenues, 
insurance  cover  may  not  be  available  or 
may  be  disproportionately  expensive. 
Periods of more intense precipitation can 
also  benefit  AEP,  by  enabling 
the 
conservation of more water to mediate dry 
periods.   

to  a  reduction 

Where  appropriate,  bunding  is  built 
around 
flood  prone  areas  and 
canals/drainage/retention  ponds  and 
water  gates  are  constructed  and 
adapted  to  evacuate  surplus  water. 
Riparian reserves are also protected to 
mitigate  flood  risks.  Where  the  land  is 
for 
terraces 
undulating,  we  build 
planting  which  helps 
to  prevent 
landslides, ensures that water runs off 
into  groundwater  stores,  conserves 
nutrients effectively, and provides better 
accessibility 
for  operations.  Where 
practical,  natural  disasters  are  also 
covered by insurance policies. 

Droughts  

  Dry  periods  affect  palm  oil  yields  in  the 
short and medium term through moisture 
stress and can result in wildfires that may 
damage  the  palms.    Drought  events  are 
localised  to  our  Kalimantan  and  South 
Sumatera  estates,  where  long  droughts 
(>3  months)  can  affect  soil  quality  and 
lead  to  a  lower  yield  the  following  year 
(~10-15%  decrease  at  most).  Lower 
rainfall provides opportunities, however, to 
repair  and  realign  roads  to  improve  the 
transport of crops.  

Legume  cover  crops  are  planted  to 
minimise  soil  erosion,  preserve  soil 
moisture and improve soil chemical and 
physical  properties.  In  mature  areas, 
fronds and EFB are placed inter-rows to 
allow 
the  slow  release  of  organic 
nutrients while minimising soil erosion. 
Conservation  pits  and  sumps  are 
constructed  to  harvest  and  contain 
rainwater, whilst the spreading of oil mill 
lines  provides  a  water 
in 
effluent 
‘Terracing’  also 
storage  medium. 
ensures 
into 
groundwater stores. We are also closely 
following  developments  of  drought-
resistant oil palm varieties. 

that  water 

runs  off 

Fires 

  During  drought  season  the  risk  of  fire  is 
present  at  several  estates,  especially 
where neighbouring land is burnt for crop 
cultivation  by  locals.  El  Nino  weather 
events  can  indirectly  drive  widespread 
forest fires and haze, although the severity 
of  El  Nino  events  appears 
to  be 
decreasing as a result of changing climatic 
conditions.    The  financial  impact  of  fire 
damage is relatively low to the Group due 
to  the  diverse  geographical  spread  of 
plantations. 

Fire  response  crews  are  stationed  in 
each  estate,  with  regular  training  on 
firefighting 
techniques  and  safety 
provided  by  local  fire  departments. 
Ditches and boundaries are created to 
prevent the spread of fire, whilst watch 
towers have been built in every estate 
to pinpoint outbreaks of fire as soon as 
smoke is detected. The Group has also 
invested in drones to pinpoint outbreaks 
of  fire  where  accessibility  is  restricted. 
Where  practical,  natural  disasters  are 
also covered by insurance policies. 

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Strategic Report

Type 

Primary 
risk/ 
opportunity 
driver 

Physical 

Pests 
disease 

& 

  Rationale for inclusion as priority risk   Management approach 

  Rhinoceros beetle or Oryctes damage has 
been  observed  in  areas  of  large-scale 
have 
replanting,  whilst 
previously been detrimentally impacted by 
stem  rot.  More  extreme  fluctuations  in 
precipitation may drive increased damage 
from bagworms and leaf beetles.  

plantations 

There is evidence that pollinating weevils, 
which  help  to  pollinate  palm  trees,  are 
showing  smaller  flight  capabilities  and 
pollinating 
less  because  of  changing 
climatic conditions. 

provided 

early-warning 

Pest and disease events are localised, 
with 
by 
supervision  and  monitoring,  and 
immature  palms. 
generally 
impact 
Outbreaks  are  managed 
through 
biological controls, such as the planting 
of  beneficial  plants  that  host  natural 
predators  to  divert  bagworms  from  oil 
palms, and the introduction of barn owls 
to  control  rats.  Individual  estates  have 
also been replanted with more resistant 
anti-Ganoderma material to reduce the 
threat of stem rot. A variety of planting 
materials are also being considered to 
to 
provide  variability  and  pollens, 
mitigate changes to pollinating insects, 
and hand pollination can also be carried 
out where required. 

The full climate risk report can be downloaded from the AEP website. 

Carbon Reporting 
AEP is committed to managing our impact on the environment through a robust sustainability reporting process. The 
Group has calculated and reported our greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions each year since 2013, complying with the 
reporting  requirements  of  the  UK’s  Companies  (Directors’  Report)  and  Limited  Liability  Partnerships  (Energy  and 
Carbon Report) Regulations 2018 and following internationally recognised best practice in this area. 

AEP recognises that our global operations have an environmental impact and we are committed to monitoring and 
reducing our emissions year-on-year.  We are also aware of our reporting obligations under The Companies (Directors’ 
Report) and Limited Liability Partnerships (Energy and Carbon Report) Regulations 2018.  As such, this year we have 
upgraded our energy and carbon reporting to meet these new requirements and increase the transparency with which 
we communicate about our environmental impact to our stakeholders. 

2020 Performance Summary  
AEP’s total carbon emissions have more than doubled in 2020 (+106%). This is primarily due to significant shifts in 
land use emissions, explained by the lack of amortisation, meaning that all emissions from land clearance are captured 
and reported in the year that the clearance occurs as there is currently no industry wide guidance on the time period 
over which clearance emissions may be distributed. There was a 92% increase in the area of land cleared in 2020 
compared to 2019. All land cleared in 2020 was secondary regrowth or oil palm (e.g. clearing old oil palm nurseries).  

Carbon sequestration does not face the same amortisation issues therefore the shift in land clearance is not balanced 
by any corresponding improvement in sequestration capacity. The sequestration capacity of oil palms varies by age, 
with old plants (28 years) and new plants (1 year) having similarly low sequestration capacity. Therefore, whilst much 
old oil palm was cleared in 2020, this was replaced with 1 year old plants who have not yet reached sequestering age. 

Operational emissions have decreased by almost a third (31%) in 2020. This is driven by the reduction in POME 
treatment emissions, due to the switch from anaerobic lagoon to a new biogas plant at Tasik Mill. Over the course of 
2020 fertiliser application has shifted based on recommendations from our agronomist. This has resulted in lower 
emissions due to fertiliser use, whilst ensuring that FFB production remains high. 

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Strategic Report

Energy and Carbon Action 
In  the  period  covered  by  the  report  the  Company  has  undertaken  the  following  emissions  and  energy  reduction 
initiatives: 

•  Switching POME treatment to biogas plants 

In Q1 2020 we began operation of our biogas plant at the Tasik Oil Mill. This resulted in all palm oil mill effluent 
(POME)  being  processed  through  this  plant,  reducing  the  need  for  anaerobic  lagoons  whilst  simultaneously 
generating energy. This energy is partially used on site, and shall partially be exported back to the grid. The 
renewable energy is not captured within the Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (“SECR”) table as the 
energy  is  generated  by  AEP’s  own  sites.  Generally  renewable  energy  is  reported  only  where  purchased 
separately. This is because AEP already report on the emissions from the biogas plant under POME treatment. 

We estimate that the operation of this biogas has resulted in the avoidance of 101,800 tCO2e in 2020. This is the 
fourth of our six mills to have this technology operational. We aim to continue the roll out of biogas plants to the 
remaining mills in coming years. 

2020 Results 
Methodology 
The  methodology  used  to  calculate  the  GHG  emissions  is  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  following 
standards: 
•  World Resources Institute (“WRI”) GHG Protocol (revised version) 
•  Defra’s Environmental Reporting Guidelines: Including Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting requirements 

(March 2019). 

Following an operational control approach to defining our organisational boundary, our calculated GHG emissions from 
business activities fall within the reporting period of 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020 and using the comparable 
reporting period of 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019 for comparison. 

Note on agricultural emissions 
Emissions from agricultural cultivation form the most significant part of our carbon footprint. As such we have assessed 
these emissions in line with the methodology developed by the RSPO. Version 4 of the RSPO’s PalmGHG application 
has been used to source relevant emission factors and provide a sense check of calculations. 

We include emissions from agricultural cultivation on our own estates within our direct scope 1 and estimate these 
agricultural emissions from any outgrower crops processed in our mills, included within our scope 3. This is consistent 
with previous years reporting and is aligned to the WRI reporting principles of completeness and relevance, whereby 
scope 1 are the direct emissions sources that we own and control. The WRI Greenhouse Gas Protocol is due to issue 
further guidance on carbon reporting within the agricultural sector in 2022. As draft guidance is made available we will 
review our reporting approach and make any changes to align as necessary.  

Emissions from land clearance are only reported for the land clearance occurring during the reporting year in question 
due to lack of industry acknowledged guidance on amortisation (the period over which land clearance emissions should 
be distributed). We review industry guidance each year and update our methodology as appropriate. There has been 
no further guidance throughout 2020, thus the approach taken this year is in line with our previous years reporting. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Energy and carbon disclosures for reporting year 

Emissions Source  

Variance 

Global Emissions tCO2e 

Scope 1 

Fuels 
Plantation vehicles 
Fertiliser use 
POME Treatment 
Sequestration 
Land clearance 
Peat soil cultivation 

Total Scope 1 
Total Scope 2 
Total Scope 1 & 2 

Electricity 

Scope 3 

Electricity transmission and 
distribution 
3rd party vehicles 
Outgrower land clearance 
Outgrower peat soil 
cultivation 
Outgrower sequestration 

Total Scope 3 
Total (Location Based) 
Total Energy Usage (kWh) 

Intensity ratio 

Intensity ratio 

Intensity ratio 

tCO2e per hectare of 
planted area 
tCO2e per tonne CPO 
production 
tCO2e per tonne FFB 
production 

2020 

2019 

19,613 
14,442 
19,719 
124,429 
(531,479) 
617,678 
488,858 
753,260 
2,657 
755,917 

211 
8,317 
510,467 

18,650 
9,399 
26,614 
212,215 
(549,475) 
322,182 
488,823 
528,408 
1,984 
530,392 

188 
7,367 
285,094 

51,241 
(439,239) 
130,997 
886,914 
1,289,300,798 

54,790 
(446,388) 
(98,949) 
431,443 
1,210,757,362 

+5% 
+54% 
-26% 
-41% 
+3% 
+92% 
+0.01% 
+43% 
+34% 
+43% 

+12% 
+13% 
+79% 

-6% 
+2% 
-232% 
+106% 
+6% 

12.7 

2.2 

0.8 

6.4 

+98% 

1.1 

+100% 

0.4 

+100% 

Variance 

UK 
Emissions 
tCO2e* 
2020  2019   

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

0 

0 

0 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

0 

0 

0 

0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 

0% 
0% 
0% 

0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 
0% 

0% 

0% 

0% 

* Note AEP Plc is a UK registered company. However, the business does not have any physical presence within the 
UK, hence the 0% contribution of UK emissions. It is shown in the table for transparency. 

AEP has not yet conducted a full assessment across all 15 categories of scope 3. However, we do incorporate an 
estimation of emissions from the cultivation of outgrower crops we procure for processing within our mills. We anticipate 
this to be the greatest impact area within our scope 3, given the materiality of the cultivation emissions within our own 
operations. We plan to conduct a full scope 3 screening to assess materiality and routes to measurement and reporting 
within the next two years. This forms part of our ongoing commitment to sustainability and improving the quality of 
information we can provide to our stakeholders. 

This is the first year that AEP are required to report to the UK SECR regulations. As such, the format of the report has 
changed. To provide comparison with previous years the data is also provided in a similar format below. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

2020 vs 2019 emissions comparison 
Emissions source 
POME treatment 
Fertiliser application 
Fuel use 
Electricity consumption 
Electricity T&D 
Company owned vehicles 
Third party vehicle use 

Total operational emissions 

Land clearance  
Carbon sequestered  
Peat soils cultivation 

2020 Emissions in tCO2e 
124,429 
19,719 
19,613 
2,657 
211 
14,442 
8,317 
189,388 
Outgrower crop 
510,467 
(439,239) 
51,241 

Own crop 
617,678 
(531,479) 
488,858 

Total land use emissions 
Overall emissions 

697,526 
886,914 

2019 Emissions in tCO2e 

212,215 
26,614 
18,650 
1,984 
188 
9,399 
7,367 
276,417 
Outgrower crop 
285,094 
(446,388) 
54,790 
155,026 
431,443 

Own crop 
322,182 
(549,475) 
488,823 

The  normaliser  reported  within  the  main  report  is  calculated  using  total  CO2e  emissions.  In  previous  years  the 
normaliser  has  been  calculated  on  operational  emissions  only.    This  reduces  the  influence  of  the  fluctuations  in 
agricultural emissions. As such, the operational normalisers are also reported below. 

2020 vs 2019 Operational emissions intensity (excluding land use change emissions) (tCO2e) 
Operational emissions reporting metric 
Per hectare of planted area 
Per tonne CPO production 
Per tonne FFB production 

2020 in tCO2e 
2.72 
0.47 
0.17 

2019 in tCO2e (restated) 
4.07 
0.70 
0.27 

AEP’s operational emissions include POME treatment, which have decreased significantly in 2020 due to the change 
of  treatment  from  anaerobic  lagoons  to  a  biogas  plant.    These  process  efficiencies  are  being  realised  even  as 
production increases.  The change in fertiliser application upon recommendation from AEP’s agronomist is equally 
yielding higher production with lower carbon impact. 

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Strategic Report

Comparison of 2020 and 2019 GHG emissions

800,000

600,000

400,000

200,000

e
2
O
C
t

0

-200,000

-400,000

-600,000

Electricity Other fuel

types

Company
owned
vehicles

Third party
vehicle use

Fertiliser
application

Own crop
land
clearance

Own crop
carbon
sequestered

Own crop
peat soils
cultivation

Outgrower
land
clearance

Outgrower
carbon
sequestered

Outgrower
peat soils
cultivation

POME
treatment

2020

2019

Principal and emerging risks and uncertainties  
The Board members have sound knowledge of the palm oil industry, including sustainability, and are also aware of the 
politics and economics of the business world, especially in the countries where AEP operates. 

The Board carried out a robust assessment of the principal and emerging risks facing the Group on an annual basis. 
A board paper on risk management, with contributions from Board members on emerging significant business risks, if 
any, is discussed at least once a year in conjunction with the risk register. Significant emerging business risks identified 
and actions agreed thereon, together with the management of other business risks will be monitored by the Executive 
Director who is regularly briefed by the senior management of the Group. The Executive Director in turn briefs the 
Audit Committee and the Board whenever they meet. 

The Group’s business involves risks and uncertainties of which the Directors currently consider the following to be 
material. There are or may be other risks and uncertainties faced by the Group that the Directors currently deem 
immaterial, or of which they are unaware, that may have a material adverse impact on the Group.   

PRINCIPAL RISKS AT A GLANCE

Environmental and 
Conservation Pracitce
Weather and natural 
disasters

Social, community and 
human rights issues

Covid-19

Produce prices

Country, regulatory and 
governance practices

Information Technology security risk

Currency exchange rates

9
h
g
H

i

6
m
u
d
e
M

i

3

w
o
L
0

I

S
S
E
N
S
U
B
N
O
T
C
A
P
M

I

0

Low

3

Medium
LIKELIHOOD

6

9
High     

There has been no changes since the prior year. 

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34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Nature of the risk and its origin 

Circumstances under which the 
risk  might  be  most  relevant  to 
the Company 

Mitigating 
or 
considerations 

other 

relevant 

Country, regulatory and governance practices 

in 

The Group’s operations are located 
Indonesia  and 
substantially 
therefore 
rely  on 
significantly 
economic  and  political  stability  in 
Indonesia.  

and 
upheaval 
Political 
the  security 
in 
deterioration 
situation may cause disruption on 
of 
the 
management 
and 
consequently financial loss. 

operation, 

control 

loss 

Introduction  of  measures  to  rein  in 
the  country’s  fiscal  deficits.  This 
included the exchange controls and 
restriction  on  repatriation  of  profit 
through payment of dividends. 

Transfer  of  profit  from  Indonesia 
restricted 
the  UK  will  be 
to 
affecting 
of  UK 
servicing 
obligations  and  payment  of 
dividends to shareholders. 

force 

divestment 

Could 
of 
interests  in  Indonesia  at  below 
market values. 

Changes  in  land  legislation.  Based 
on  National  Land  Agency  Law  2  / 
1999,  mandatory  restriction  to  land 
ownership  by  non-state  plantation 
companies and companies not listed 
in 
to  20,000ha  per 
province and a total of 100,000ha in 
Indonesia.  Mandatory  reduction  of 
foreign  ownership  of 
Indonesian 
plantations. 

Indonesia 

The  country  has  recently  benefited 
from  a  period  of  relative  political 
stability,  steady  economic  growth  and 
stable financial system. But during the 
Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s, 
there  was  civil  unrest  attributed  to 
ethnic 
in  some  parts  of 
Indonesia.  The  Group’s  operations 
were  not  interrupted  by  the  regional 
security problems including occasional 
racial conflicts. 

tensions 

The Board is not aware of any attempt 
by the government to impose exchange 
controls that would restrict the transfer 
of profits from Indonesia to the UK. The 
Board perceives that the Group will be 
able to continue to extract profits from 
its  subsidiaries  in  Indonesia  for  the 
foreseeable future. 

The  Group  realises  that  there  is  a 
possibility that foreign owners may be 
required  over  time  to  partially  divest 
ownership  of 
Indonesia  oil  palm 
operations but has no reason to believe 
that such divestment would be anything 
other than at market value. If there is a 
need for further divestment, the Group 
intends 
the  current 
minority shareholders  to  invest,  failing 
other 
would 
which 
appropriate local partners. 

to  approach 

approach 

Group failure to meet the standards 
expected  in  relation  to  bribery  and 
corruption. 

Reputational damage and criminal 
sanctions. 

The Group continues to maintain strong 
controls in this area as Indonesia has 
been classified as relatively high risk by 
the 
Transparency 
International 
Corruption Perceptions index. 

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Strategic Report

Nature of the risk and its origin 

Circumstances under which the 
risk  might  be  most  relevant  to 
the Company 

Mitigating 
or 
considerations 

other 

relevant 

Country, regulatory and governance practices - continued 

Reduced  revenue  and  reduction 
in cash flow and profit. The higher 
import  levy  will  raise  the  price  of 
CPO and make it less competitive 
in  the  global  oil  market,  thus 
reducing  demand.  Trade  barriers 
and  increased  tariffs  will  make  it 
more difficult to export palm oil to 
EU  either 
food  or  palm 
biodiesel and will hurt the demand 
of  CPO  in  EU  which  is  the  third 
largest consumer of CPO. 

for 

Adverse  movements  of  Rupiah 
against  US  Dollar  will  increase 
operating  costs  and  will  have  a 
negative effect on the profitability 
and raise funding costs. 

Imposition of import controls or taxes 
in consuming and exporting countries. 
Efforts  by  EU  to  restrict  the  use  of 
palm oil and palm biodiesel either by 
trade  barriers  or  increased  tariffs 
including export levy and export tax. 

Currency exchange rates 

a 

CPO  is  a  US  Dollar  denominated 
significant 
commodity 
and 
proportion  of  operating  costs 
in 
Indonesia (such as fertiliser and fuel) 
and  development  costs  (such  as 
heavy machinery and mill equipment) 
are  imported  and  are  US  Dollar 
related.  

Produce prices   

local  biodiesel  subsidies 

The  Indonesian  government  allows 
free  export  of  CPO  but  applies  a 
sliding  scale  of  duties  on  exports 
which  allows  producers  economic 
margins. The export levy collected to 
is 
fund 
designed to support the CPO prices. 
Higher tariffs and trade barriers in EU 
will  result  in  higher  consumption  of 
alternative  vegetable  oils  despite 
CPO 
the 
cheapest source and most productive 
of  vegetable  oil 
in  a  growing 
population. 

remaining 

amongst 

inherent 

risks  are 

The  Board  has  taken  the  view  that 
these 
the 
in 
business  and 
that  adopting 
feels 
hedging  mechanisms  to  counter  the 
negative  effects  of  foreign  exchange 
volatility  are  both  difficult  to  achieve 
and would not be cost effective. 

CPO  and  palm  kernel  are  primary 
commodities  and  is  affected  by  the 
world economy, levels of inflation, and 
availability of alternative soft oils such 
as soybean oil. CPO price also moves 
historically  in  tandem  with  crude  oil 
prices 
the 
competitiveness of CPO as a source 
of biodiesel. 

determine 

which 

This may lead to significant price 
swings. The profitability and cash 
flow  of  the  plantation  operations 
depend upon world prices of CPO 
and  palm  kernel  and  upon  the 
Group’s  ability  to  sell  CPO  and 
palm  kernel  at  price 
levels 
comparable  with  world  prices, 
unlike  soybean  which  is  sown 
annually  and  production  can  be 
increased or decreased to match 
demand and prevailing prices. 

Directors  believe  that  such  swings 
should  be  moderated  by  continuous 
demand  in  economies  like  China, 
India  and  Indonesia.  Larger  exports 
would  lead  to  a  lower  inventory  of 
CPO  which  augurs  well  for  future 
produce  price.  In  the short term,  the 
prices and demand will be volatile due 
to the pandemic. 

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36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Nature of the risk and its origin 

Circumstances under which the 
risk  might  be  most  relevant  to 
the Company 

Mitigating 
or 
considerations 

other 

relevant 

Social, community and human rights issues 

Communication breakdown would 
cause disruption on the operation 
and  consequently  financial  loss. 
Access  to  areas  in  estates  and 
mills of disputed compensation is 
restricted due to blockages by the 
communities. 

Any material breakdown in relations 
between  the  Group  and  the  host 
population  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
operations could disrupt the Group’s 
operations.  The  plantations  hire 
large  numbers  of  people  and  have 
significant  economic  importance  for 
local communities in the areas of the 
Group’s  operations.  Disputes  over 
compensation  for  land  allocated  to 
the  Group  through  location  permits 
granted 
Indonesian 
government  which  were  previously 
used  by  the  communities  for  their 
livelihood. 

the 

by 

Deterioration 
relationships 
shareholders 
Indonesian subsidiaries. 

or 
with 
in 

disputes 
the 

in 
local 
the  Group’s 

courts 

Indonesian 

for 
Seek 
shareholders’ 
enforcement  of 
resolving 
agreements 
over 
disputes.  Uncertainties 
judicial  process  may  result  in 
financial loss to the Group. 

and 

initiatives 

to  applications 

The Group mitigates this risk by liaising 
regularly with village representatives to 
mediate  on  disputes  including  some 
land compensation matters. It develops 
a  close  relationship  with  villagers  by 
improving local living standards through 
mutually beneficial economic and social 
interaction. The Group, when possible, 
gives  priority 
for 
employment  from  the  local  population 
and  supports  specific 
to 
encourage local farmers and tradesmen 
to  act  as  suppliers  to  the  Group,  its 
employees  and  their  dependents.  The 
Group  spends  considerable  money 
constructing new roads and bridges and 
maintaining  existing  roads  used  by 
villagers.  The  Group  also  provides 
technical and management expertise to 
villagers  to develop  oil  palm plots  and 
Plasma  schemes  surrounding 
the 
operating  estates.  The  returns  from 
these plots are used to improve villages’ 
community welfare.  

The  Group  endeavours  to  maintain 
cordial relations with local shareholders 
by  seeking  their  support  for  decisions 
affecting their interests and responding 
constructively to any concerns that they 
may have. 

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37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Nature of the risk and its origin 

Circumstances under which the 
risk  might  be  most  relevant  to 
the Company 

Mitigating 
or 
considerations 

other 

relevant 

Covid-19 

The  Covid-19  pandemic  as  we  are 
experiencing  has  affected  national 
and world economies. Covid-19 and 
similar pandemics could disrupt the 
Group’s operation. 

Our plantations and mills could be 
infected  which  may 
seriously 
require  a  total  shut  down  of  the 
infected  part  of  our  operations  to 
contain and eradicate the infection. 

to  different parts  of 

The Group imposed travel restrictions 
and  strict  movement  on  workers 
in  our  mills  and  estates. 
housed 
Workers 
the  housing  and 
leaving 
workplace  must  seek  prior  approval 
from  management  and  will  be 
subjected  to  quarantine  upon  return. 
All  outside  casual  workers  hired  are 
assigned 
the 
estates  isolated  and  with  minimum 
contact  with  our  regular  workers. 
Wearing  a  face  mask  is  mandatory. 
Additional  facilities  are  provided  for 
workers to wash their hands with soaps 
and apply sanitizers. Temperatures of 
all workers are taken daily before they 
start  work.  Workers  with  high 
temperature will  be  quarantined  and 
undertake  necessary  tests  conducted 
by qualified doctors to determine their 
condition.  Medan  administration  and 
finance staff are divided into two teams 
with each team working from home on 
an  alternative  basis 
reduce 
exposure  to  the  virus  and  mitigate 
is 
disruption.  Routine 
conducted for all  workers. The Group 
also stock up on essential goods and 
spare  parts  to  minimise  disruption  to 
estate  and  mills  operation  should  the 
government  order  a 
lockdown  or 
impose further movement control.     

retesting 

to 

The  local  governments  where  the 
Group  operates  could  enforce  a 
total  lockdown  requiring  a  total 
shutdown 
the  Group’s 
operations. 

of 

The  Group  has  budgeted  cash 
requirements  on  a  minimum  spend 
basis that would sustain the continuity 
of the Group for at least twelve months. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Nature of the risk and its origin  Circumstances under which the 
risk  might  be  most  relevant  to 
the Company 

Mitigating 
or 
considerations 

other 

relevant 

Weather and natural disasters 

Oil palms rely on regular sunshine 
and  rainfall  but  these  weather 
patterns  can  vary  and  extremes 
such  as  unusual  dry  periods  or, 
conversely,  heavy  rainfall  leading 
to  flooding  in  some  locations  can 
occur. Indonesia, where most of its 
plantations are located, frequently 
experience  natural  disasters  like  
and 
forest 
earthquake, 
tsunami. 

fire 

can 

disrupt 

Dry periods, in particular, will affect 
yields  in  the  short  and  medium 
term.  It  may  result  in  wildfire  that 
may  damage  and  destroy 
the 
palms.  Drought  induces  moisture 
stress in palm trees.  High levels of 
rainfall 
estate 
operations and result in harvesting 
delays  with 
loss  of  FFB  or 
deterioration  in  fruit  quality.  Delay 
in  collection  of  harvested  FFB 
could  raise  the  level  of  free  fatty 
acid (“FFA”) in the CPO. CPO with 
high  FFA  would  be  sold  at  a 
discount  to  market  prices.  Low 
level  of  sunshine  could  result  in 
delay in formation of FFB resulting 
in  potential  loss  of  revenue.  Any 
natural  disaster  could  result  in  a 
shortage  of  workers  and  incur 
temporary  work  stoppage  due  to 
damage to the plantation or mill. 

  Certain 

Bunding  is  built  around  flood  prone 
areas. Canals/drainage/retention ponds 
are  constructed  and  adapted  either  to 
evacuate  surplus  water  or  to  maintain 
water  levels  in  areas  quick  to  dry  out. 
Operations located in and near the tropic 
can  expect  adequate  amount  of 
sunshine  regularly.  Where  practical, 
natural  disasters  are  covered  by 
risks 
insurance  policies. 
(including  the  risk  of  crop  loss  through 
fire,  earthquake  and  flood  potentially 
affecting 
the 
they  materialise 
if 
Group’s  estates) 
could  dent  the  potential  revenues,  for 
which  insurance  cover  is  either  not 
available or would in the opinion of the 
disproportionately 
Directors 
expensive,  are  not  insured.  Risks  of 
floods,  earthquake,  fires  or  haze  are 
mitigated by the geographical spread of 
the plantations but an occurrence of an 
adverse uninsured event could result in 
material losses. 

the  planted  areas  on 

be 

Environmental and conservation practices 

Failure  to  comply  and  observe 
environmental  and  conservation 
practices in its oil palm cultivation 
as detailed in the management for 
Climate  Risk 
the  Directors’ 
in 
Report.  

Reputational and financial damage 
through criticisms by conservation 
groups and boycott of the Group’s 
produces.  

Information Technology (“IT”) security risk 

The Group is committed to sustainable 
development of oil palm and maintains 
to 
substantial  conservation  reserves 
safeguard  biodiversity.  It  has  obtained 
ISPO and MSPO certifications for most 
of  its  operations.  The  Group  funds 
impact 
independent 
assessment  studies  and  complies  with 
its 
any 
development begins. 

recommendation 

environmental 

before 

The  security  threats  faced  by  the 
Group  include  threats  to  its  IT 
infrastructure, unlawful attempts to 
classified 
gain 
information  and  potential 
for 
business  disruptions  associated 
with IT failures. 

access 

to 

Failure 
to  combat  cyberattack 
to  our 
could  cause  disruption 
business operations. Potential loss 
of financial records leading to error 
or  misstatement 
financial 
statements. 

in 

tools 

appropriate 

The  Group  has  measures  in  place 
and 
including 
techniques to monitor and mitigate this 
risk. The Group through its IT Consultant 
has in place antivirus, threat detection, 
log  analysis,  Distributed  denial-of-
service (“DDOS”) attacks protection and 
Firewalls. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Diversity  
The AEP Plc Board is composed of three men and one woman with extensive knowledge in their respective fields of 
experience.  The Board has taken note of the recent legislative initiatives with regard to the representation of women 
on the boards of Directors of listed companies and will make every effort to conform based on legislative requirement.  

Group Headcount 

Board (Company and subsidiaries) 
Senior Management (GM and above) 

Managers & Executives 
Full Time 

Part-time Field Workers 
Total 

% 

Group Headcount 

Board (Company and subsidiaries) 
Senior Management (GM and above) 

Managers & Executives 
Full Time 

Part-time Field Workers 
Total 

% 

2020 average employed during the year 
Total 

Women 

Men 

3 
- 

33 
260 

3,957 
4,253 

26% 

14 
5 

412 
6,515 

5,354 
12,300 

74% 

17 
5 

445 
6,775 

9,311 
16,553 

100% 

2019 average employed during the year 

Women 

3 
- 

34 
245 

3,969 
4,251 

26% 

Men 

12 
5 

426 
6,200 

5,316 
11,959 

74% 

Total 

15 
5 

460 
6,445 

9,285 
16,210 

100% 

Although the Group provides equal opportunities for female workers in the plantations, the male workers make up a 
majority of the field workers due to the nature of work and the remote location of plantations from the towns and cities. 
The number of female part-time field workers decreased by 0.3% from 3,969 to 3,957 in 2020. Overall, the number of 
female workers within the Group increased from 4,251 (26%) in 2019 to 4,253 (26%) in 2020.  

The  Board  continues  to  monitor  the  structure  and  composition  of  the  Group’s  management  team  linking  it  to  the 
balance of age, social and ethnic backgrounds, together with relevant qualifications and experience. To date, the Board 
believes that the composition of the Group’s management team is fairly balanced in respect of all the elements of 
diversity as mentioned above. 

Employees 
Oil palm cultivation is a labour-intensive industry. In 2020, the number of full-time workers averaged 7,242 (2019: 
6,925) while the part-time labour averaged 9,311 (2019: 9,285). The total headcount in 2020 was higher by 2.1% due 
to  additional  matured  and  planted  area  requiring  additional  harvesting  workforce.  The  Group  has  introduced 
mechanisation in the field to boost productivity. Mechanisation though has its limits but where possible could help 
relieve the acute shortage of labour and reduce the cost pressure from rising minimum wages. 

It was reported elsewhere that foreign workers are frequently subjected to high recruitment fees that kept them in debt 
bondage and are forced to work overtime and in dangerous conditions under the threat of penalties, namely withholding 
of salaries and identification documents and restricted movement. AEP adopts a zero cost recruitment policy towards 
all its local and foreign employees.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

During the year all staff at its Indonesian office and plantations and mills were tested for Covid-19. Several staff tested 
positive  and  were  subjected  to  strict  quarantine  and  treatment.  They  had  since  recovered.  Routine  retesting  was 
introduced to screen the workers for the virus. Staff were reminded to observe social distancing and personal hygiene. 
Administrative  staff  were  further  divided  into  two  teams  and  rotated  between  working  from  home  and  office  on 
alternative weeks to minimise disruption and the chances of catching the virus through travelling on public transport. 
More details are provided under CSR of the Strategic Report.     

The Group has formal processes for recruitment, particularly for key managerial positions, where psychometric testing 
is conducted to support the selection and hiring decisions. Exit interviews are also conducted with departing employees 
to ensure that management can address any significant issues.  

Existing employees are selected on a regular basis for training programmes organised by the Group’s training centre 
that provide grounding and refresher courses in technical aspects of oil palm estate and mill management. The training 
centre also conducts regular programmes for all levels of employees to raise the competency and quality of employees 
in  general.  These  programmes  are  often  supplemented  by  external  management  development  courses  including 
attending  industry  conferences  for  technical  updates.  A  wide  variety  of  topics  are  covered  including  work  ethics, 
motivation, self-improvement, company values and health and safety. The Group spent $26,000 on staff training and 
professional development in 2020 against $106,700 for the previous year.  

The Group operates a cadet program where graduates from local universities are selected to undergo theory and field 
training over a twelve-month period. On successful completion, they are assigned as assistants to various mills and 
estates.   

All the plantations are at various stages of introducing finger printing to record and mark attendance of daily workers 
and to pay all workers through bank transfer to improve the efficiency of estate operations.  

A large workforce and their families are housed across the Group’s plantations. The benefits provided to them were 
extensively covered under CSR in the Strategic Report. On top of competitive salaries and bonuses, these extensive 
benefits and privileges help the Group to retain and motivate its employees. The Group complied with the minimum 
wage policy issued by the Indonesian government. It respects the rights of employees and does not exploit workers, 
use child or forced labour and is not involved in human trafficking as described in the UK’s Modern Slavery Act 2015, 
of which a full statement is provided on our website under Corporate Governance.  

The employees are covered by Governmental mandatory personal accident scheme with death benefits covering up 
to forty-eight months of workers’ monthly salaries. The employees’ spouses and children are also privately insured for 
death benefits by the Group.  

The  rights  of  employees  and  their  extensive  benefits  covering  every  aspect  of  employment  from  salary  review, 
allowance,  bonus,  housing,  study  and  training  for  improvement,  work  safety  and  health  and  code  of  conduct  are 
contained in the Company’s handbook which is available and accessible to all employees. 

The Group promotes a policy for the creation of equal and ethnically diverse employment opportunities including with 
respect to gender. 

The  Group  has  in  place  key  performance-linked  indicators  to  determine  increment  and  bonus  entitlements  for  its 
employees. The human resources and a member of the Remuneration Committee engage members of the labour 
unions representing full-time workers at least once a year on their yearly performance bonuses and grievances.  

A whistle-blower policy was introduced in 2019 to allow workforce to raise concerns in confidence and if they wish 
anonymously to the Board of the holding company for independent investigations and follow-up actions. The full details 
of the policy can be downloaded from the Company’s website. 

The  Group  promotes  and  encourages  employee  involvement  in  every  aspect  wherever  practical  as  it  recognises 
employees as a valuable asset and is one of the key contributions to the Group’s success. The employees contribute 
their ideas,  feedback and  voice  out  their concerns  through  formal  and informal meetings,  discussions  and  annual 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

performance appraisals. In addition, various work related and personal training programmes are carried out annually 
for employees to promote employee engagement and interaction. The Group organises an annual dinner to recognise 
high achievers in the plantation and mill operations. It also has an annual family gathering to foster camaraderie among 
its employees.    

Although the Group does not have a specific policy on the employment of disabled persons, it, however, employs 
disabled persons as part of its workforce. The Group welcomes disabled persons joining the Group based on their 
suitability. 

Outlook 
FFB production for the three months to March 2021 was 14% higher against the same period in 2020 mainly due to 
the  increase  in  production  from  North  Sumatera  and  Kalimantan  regions.  It  is  too  early  to  forecast  whether  the 
production will be better for the rest of the year.  

The CPO price ex-Rotterdam opened the year at $1,050/mt and averaged about $1,078/mt for the first three months 
of 2021. Despite the robust CPO prices, we expect lower prices in 2021 as tight supply normalises. We anticipated a 
stronger recovery of palm oil output in 2021. This will be aided by the recent good rainfall brought about by La Nina 
and a normalisation of fertiliser application encouraged by high CPO prices. The present high prices are unlikely to be 
sustainable when supply normalises.  

In February 2021, the Indian government imposed additional tax on crude palm oil. With the hike, palm oil has lost a 
big advantage over other edible oils hurting its combativeness and continuing future import into price sensitive market 
like India.  

A continual high spread between the CPO and gas oil prices may also reduce the discretionary usage for palm biodiesel 
as the cost of blending palm biodiesel is more expensive than the traditional fossil fuel. It was reported that in Indonesia 
alone, 14% of the palm oil supply was used as biodiesel feedstock in 2020.  

Any potential rise in material costs and wages in Indonesia will increase the overall production costs in 2021.  

Nevertheless, barring any unforeseen circumstances, the Group is confident that CPO demand will be sustainable in 
the long-term and we can expect a satisfactory trading outturn and cash flow for 2021.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Report

Statement  by  directors  in  performance  of  their  statutory  duties  in  accordance  with  Sec  172  (1)  of  the 
Companies Act 2006 

The Board of Directors of Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc consider, both individually and collectively, that they have 
acted in good faith, in the way they consider would be most likely to promote the success of the Company for the 
benefit of its members as a whole, having regard to the stakeholders and matters set out in Sec 172 (1) (a) to (f) of the 
Act in decisions taken during the year ended 31 December 2020. 

•  Our  business  model  and  strategy  as  highlighted  in  the  Strategic  Report  are  designed  to  have  a  long-term 
beneficial impact on the Company and contribute to its success in delivering consistent and appropriate returns 
to  the  shareholders.  We  will  continue  to  operate  our  business  within  tight  budgetary  controls  and  regulatory 
targets. To deliver these goals, the Company continues to work in close partnership with local communities to 
bring development and economic progress as well as generate goodwill in the localities in which it operates. The 
Group is looking forward to expanding its processing capacity of FFB in North Sumatera by the year 2022 after 
it has awarded civil and structural works of $6.7 million. Mechanical works estimated at $6 million will be awarded 
by early next year. The Board further plans to build a 45mt/hr mill in Kalimantan after a feasibility study concluded 
that it is more profitable to build a mill in KAP to support its plantation operations due to the high logistics cost, 
as detailed in the report on Corporate Development. The Board after consideration delayed the replanting of 
some old dura palms which have high yield but low OER to extract the maximum benefit from the prevailing high 
CPO prices which may not last.  

•  Our employees are fundamental to the delivery of our business goals. We aim to be a responsible employer in 
our  approach  to  the  wages  and  benefits  our  employees  receive.  The  health,  safety  and  well-being  of  our 
employees is one of our primary considerations in the way we do business, including establishing the standard 
operating procedures for its employees and management to deal with Covid-19 which is covered in the CSR and 
Employees sections of the Strategic Report. An online meeting with heads of employees’ cooperatives was held 
as part of the engagement of workforce to ensure that the safety and welfare of the employees are not in any 
way compromised at the expense of profitability, the details of which are in the Remuneration Report. During the 
year the Board also published on its website a statement under the UK’s Modern Slavery Act 2015 that sets forth 
the Group’s commitment to ensure that modern slavery does not take place in the Group’s operations in respect 
of,  among  others:  child  labour,  involuntary  labour,  coercion,  abuse  and  harassment,  working  hours  and 
compensation and workers health and safety. 

•  We aim to act responsibly and fairly in how we engage with our suppliers, creditors and customers, all of whom 
are integral to the successful delivery of our business plan. The Company adopts a transparent approach in price 
negotiation, tenders and observe the credit terms. The Board provides a channel of communication and feedback 
from suppliers and customers to voice their concerns through the whistle-blowers policy which is displayed in the 
Company’s website. Separate Anti-Corruption and Bribery policies were introduced for its operations in the UK, 
Indonesia and Malaysia to comply with local laws as well as to make local directors responsible and accountable 
to policing any incidence of corruption or bribery locally.  

•  Our business plan takes into account the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment 
and our wider social responsibilities, and in particular how we impact the regions we operate. CSR is part of the 
Company’s culture which includes responsibility to safeguard the environment and is highlighted in the Strategic 
Report. Several of our measures to deliver environmental improvements are covered in detail in the Sustainable 
Palm Oil Certification and Environmental Social and Governance Practices sections of the same report. 

•  As the Board of Directors, our intention is to behave responsibly and ensure that management operates  the 
business in a responsible manner, operating within the high standards of business conduct and good governance 
expected for a business such as ours and in doing so, will contribute to the delivery of our business goals. See 
Corporate Governance and Audit Committee Report. The intention is to nurture our reputation that reflects our 
responsible behaviour.     

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Strategic Report

• 

It is the intention of the Board of Directors, to behave responsibly toward our shareholders and treat them fairly 
and equally, so that they too may benefit from the successful delivery of our business plan. 

On behalf of the Board 

Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan 
Executive Director, Corporate Finance and Corporate Affairs 

                          12 May 2021 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Record

Income statement 

Revenue 

Operating profit before BA 

Profit attributable to shareholders after BA 

2020 
$000 

2019 
$000 

2018 
$000 

2017 
$000 

2016 
$000 

269,060 

219,136 

250,859 

291,907 

246,210 

48,079 

31,835 

12,178 

16,096 

30,928 

11,413 

66,676 

36,214 

52,480 

34,713 

Dividend proposed for year 

(396) 

(198) 

(1,189) 

(1,585) 

(1,463) 

Financial position 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

$000 

Non-current assets & long-term receivables 

387,589 

384,391 

351,387 

362,038 

360,681 

Cash net of short-term borrowings 

115,211 

76,643 

101,134 

130,895 

111,973 

Long-term loans and borrowings 

- 

- 

(8,203) 

(19,281) 

(27,875) 

Other working capital  

Deferred tax 

Non-controlling interests 

Net worth 

Share capital 

Treasury shares 

Share premium and capital redemption reserve 

Revaluation reserves 

Exchange reserves 

Retained earnings 

32,423 

40,580 

29,156 

16,320 

17,094 

(6,650) 
528,573 
(99,892) 

(5,796) 
495,818 
(94,661) 

(8,893) 
464,581 
(92,601) 

(13,081) 
476,891 
(91,799) 

(16,612) 
445,261 
(82,150) 

428,681 

401,157 

371,980 

385,092 

363,111 

15,504 

15,504 

15,504 

15,504 

15,504 

(1,171) 

(1,171) 

(1,171) 

(1,171) 

(1,171) 

25,022 

49,367 

25,022 

48,413 

25,022 

51,308 

25,022 

51,288 

25,022 

61,038 

(233,534) 

(229,026) 

(245,170) 

(221,435) 

(219,570) 

573,493 

542,415 

526,487 

515,884 

482,288 

Equity attributable to shareholders’ funds 

428,681 

401,157 

371,980 

385,092 

363,111 

Ordinary shares in issue (‘000s) 

39,976 

39,976 

39,976 

39,976 

39,976  

Basic EPS before BA movement (US cents) 

77.67cts 

35.37cts 

32.50cts 

91.80cts 

82.16cts 

Basic EPS after BA movement (US cents) 

80.32cts 

40.61cts 

28.79cts 

91.37cts 

87.58cts 

Dividend per share for year (US cents) 

1.0cts 

0.5cts 

Asset value per share (US cents) 

1,082cts 

1,012cts 

3.0cts 

938cts 

4.0cts 

972cts 

3.8cts 

916cts 

Exchange rates - year end 

Rp : $ 

$  :  £ 

RM: $ 

Exchange rates - average 

Rp : $ 

$  :  £ 

RM: $ 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

14,105 

13,901 

14,481 

13,548 

13,436 

1.36 

4.02 

1.32 

4.09 

1.28 

4.13 

1.35 

4.05 

1.23 

4.49 

14,572 

14,146 

14,246 

13,383 

13,307 

1.28 

4.20 

1.28 

4.14 

1.33 

4.04 

1.29 

4.30 

1.35 

4.14 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Estate Areas 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

46 

GROUPMALAYSIAINDONESIASOUTHRIAUBANGKATOTALTOTALSUMATERASUMATERAMills / Biogas PlantsNumber of Mills6-622-1-1Number of Biogas Plants4-421---1Combined Mills Capacities310 mt/h310 mt/h100 mt/h105 mt/h60 mt/h45 mt/hPlanted as at 31 Dec 2020HaHaHaHaHaHaHaHaHaOil Palm  Mature60,540                3,453         57,087        16,238                   16,422                   5,466           4,873            647             13,441             Immature8,794                 -            8,794          2,597                     553                       935             -                1,746          2,963             Total Oil Palm69,334                3,453         65,881        18,835                   16,975                   6,401           4,873            2,393          16,404           Rubber  Mature262                    -            262             262                       -                        -              -                -              -                   Immature  -                     -            -             -                        -                        -              -                -              -                 Total Rubber262                    -            262             262                       -                        -                -              -                   Plasma  Mature2,612                 -            2,612          93                         -                        942             -                102             1,475               Plasma  Immature1,392                 -            1,392          -                        -                        98               -                361             933                Total Plasma4,004                 -            4,004          93                         -                        1,040           -                463             2,408             Total Planted area73,600                3,453         70,147        19,190                   16,975                   7,441           4,873            2,856          18,812           Others  Plantable Reserve/Oil Palm16,894                1,607         15,287        678                       -                        6,421           -                135             8,053               Unplantable Areas34,289                1,236         33,053        1,491                     961                       23,315         84                 5,244          1,958               Oil Palm Nursery/Mill/Infrastructure3,240                 72             3,168          1,040                     589                       123             75                 19               1,322             Total Others54,423                2,915         51,508        3,209                     1,550                     29,859         159               5,398          11,333           Total Land as at 31 Dec 2020128,023              6,368         121,655      22,399                   18,525                   37,300         5,032            8,254          30,145           NORTHBENGKULUKALIMANTAN 
Location of Estates and Mills

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

47 

 
Directors’ Report

The  Directors  present  their  annual  report  on  the  affairs  of  the  Group,  together  with  the  financial  statements  and 
auditor’s report, for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

Accountability and audit 
AEP is committed to ensure that the quality of its financial reporting is of a high standard. The Board continually reviews 
its internal controls and risk management systems to ensure the Group’s affairs and the Group’s financial reporting 
comply with the applicable accounting standards as well as good corporate governance. The main features of the 
Group’s internal controls and risk management systems are further disclosed on page 63 to 64. 

The Board considers the annual report and accounts including the Strategic Report when taken as a whole, is fair, 
balanced and understandable as it provides the information necessary for shareholders to assess the Group’s position 
and performance, business model and strategy. 

Results and dividends 
The audited financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2020 are set out on pages 82 to 130 The Group’s 
profit  for  the  year  on ordinary  activities before  taxation  was  $51,669,000  (2019:  profit  $18,873,000)  and  the  profit 
attributable to ordinary shareholders was $31,835,000 (2019: profit $16,096,000). No interim dividend was paid. The 
Directors recommend a final dividend of 1.0cts (2019: 0.5cts) to be paid to shareholders on 16 July 2021. Shareholders 
may elect to receive their dividend in Pounds Sterling as described on page 50. 

Future developments 
The future developments of the Group are reported on page 20 of the Strategic Report under corporate development. 

Research and Development 
The Group did not undertake any research and development activities. It relies on third parties to conduct research 
and development of new disease resistant and higher yield oil palm seeds. 

Political donations, anti-bribery and anti-corruption 
The Group made no political donation during the year.  

The Group has in place policies and procedures in respect of  bribery and corruption, with detailed guidelines and 
reporting requirements for its UK, Indonesian and Malaysian operations which may be viewed from the Company’s 
website. The whistle-blowers and grievance mechanism policies which include reporting on corruption practices are 
also highlighted in Company’s handbook. Management and senior staff have had training programmes and updates 
as part of their responsibility to ensure that bribery and corruption do not exist in the Group’s operation. New employees 
are also briefed on anti-corruption practices during their orientation. The Group has in place a communication channel 
for employees reporting to the Senior Independent Non-Executive Director on incidences of bribery and corruption on 
a  strictly confidential  basis.  There  are stipulated steps  and  procedures  for the  Senior  Independent  Non-Executive 
Director to address the reported issues appropriately and to take the necessarily actions, if relevant. The Group uses 
its best endeavour to ensure that its business  partners are in compliance with the anti-bribery and anti-corruption 
regulations. 

Carbon Reporting 
A comprehensive carbon report is detailed as part of the Strategic Report on page 30 to page 34. 

Principal risks 
The material risks faced by the Group, including any climate change related risks, and actions taken to mitigate those 
risks are set out in the Principal Risks and Uncertainties section of the Strategic Report.  

Information on financial instruments risks is set out in note 25 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Property, plant and equipment 
Information  relating  to  changes  in  property,  plant  and  equipment and  capitalised  interest,  as  required  pursuant  to 
Listing Rule 9.8.4R, are given in note 11 to the consolidated financial statements.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report

Directors 
Madam Lim Siew Kim, Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan, Mr. Lim Tian Huat and Mr. Jonathan Law Ngee Song will be 
submitting themselves for re-appointment at the forthcoming annual general meeting. 

Brief profiles of all Directors are set out on page 53 of this Annual Report. 

Substantial share interests 
As at 30 April 2021 and 31 December 2020, the following interests had been notified to the Company in accordance 
with Chapter 5 of the Disclosure Rules and Transparency Rules of the Financial Conduct Authority, being interests in 
excess of 3% of the issued ordinary share capital of the Company: 

Name of holder 

    Number 

Percentage of  
voting rights 
held 

      Percentage of  
voting rights 
held 

    Number 

As at 30.4.2021 

As at 31.12.2020 

Genton International Limited* 

20,247,814 

               51.08%                   

20,247,814 

Nokia Bell Pensioenfonds 

  7,015,000 

               17.70%                   

  7,015,000 

Spencer Nicholas Roditi 

1,366,900 

3.45% 

1,366,900 

KBC Securities NV 

 1,093,238 

                 2.76%                     

 1,539,184 

51.08% 

17.70% 

3.45% 

3.88% 

* Madam Lim Siew Kim is the controlling shareholder of Genton International Limited. 

Share  capital,  restrictions  on  transfer  of  shares,  arrangements  affected  by  change  of  control  and  other 
additional information 
The Company has one class of share capital, ordinary shares. All the shares rank pari passu. The articles of association 
of the Company contain provisions governing the transfer of shares, voting rights, the appointment and replacement 
of Directors and amendments to the articles of association. This accords with usual English company law provisions. 
There are no special control rights in relation to the Company’s shares. There are no significant agreements to which 
the Company is a party which take effect, alter or terminate in the event of a change of control of the Company. There 
are no agreements providing for compensation for Directors or employees on change of control. 

Auditor 
All of the current Directors have taken all the steps to make themselves aware of any information needed by the 
Company’s auditor for the purposes of their audit and to establish that the auditor is aware of the information. The 
Directors are not aware of any relevant audit information of which the auditor is unaware. 

BDO LLP have expressed their willingness to continue in office and a resolution to re-appoint them will be proposed 
as Resolution 8 at the forthcoming annual general meeting. 

Authority to allot shares 
At the annual general meeting held on 29 June 2020 shareholders authorised the Board under the provisions of section 
551 of the Companies Act 2006 to allot relevant securities within specified limits for a period of five years. Renewal of 
this authority is being sought under Resolution 10 at the forthcoming annual general meeting.  

The aggregate nominal value which can be allotted under the authority set out in paragraph (i) of the resolution is 
limited to £3,303,031 (representing 13,212,124 ordinary shares of 25p each) which is approximately one third of the 
issued ordinary capital of the Company as at 12 May 2021 (being the latest practicable date before publication of this 
notice).  In  accordance  with  guidance  issued  by  The  Investment  Association,  the  authority  in  paragraph  (ii)  of  the 
resolution will authorise the Directors to allot shares, or to grant rights to subscribe for or convert any security into 
shares,  only  in  connection  with  a  fully  pre-emptive  rights  issue,  up  to  a  further  nominal  value  of  £3,303,031 
(representing 13,212,124 ordinary shares). This amount (together with the authority provided under paragraph (a) of 
the resolution) represents approximately two thirds of the Company’s issued ordinary share capital (excluding treasury 
shares) as at  12 May 2021. This authority will expire at the conclusion of the next annual general meeting of the 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report

Company. The Directors have no present intention of issuing new shares, or of granting rights to subscribe for or to 
convert any security into shares. 

Disapplication of pre-emption rights 
A fresh authority is also being sought under the provisions of sections 570 and 573 of the Companies Act 2006 to 
enable the Board to make an issue to existing shareholders without being obliged to comply with certain technical 
requirements  of  the  Companies  Act,  which  create  problems  with  regard  to  fractional  entitlements  and  overseas 
shareholders. In addition, the authority will empower the Board to make issues of shares for cash to persons other 
than existing shareholders up to a maximum aggregate nominal amount of £495,454 representing 5% of the current 
issued share capital. The authority will be expiring at the forthcoming annual general meeting or on 30 June 2021, 
whichever is earlier. Renewal of this authority on similar terms is being sought under Resolution 11 at the forthcoming 
annual general meeting. The Company does not intend to issue more than 7.5% of the issued share capital on a non 
pre-emptive basis in any three-year period.   

Acquisition of the Company’s own shares and authority to purchase own shares 
At 12 May 2021, the Directors had remaining authority under the shareholders’ resolution of 29 June 2020, to make 
purchases of 3,963,637 of the Company’s ordinary shares. This authority expires on 30 June 2021. All such purchases 
will be market purchases made through the London Stock Exchange. Companies can hold their own shares which 
have been purchased in this way in treasury rather than having to cancel them. The Directors would, therefore, consider 
holding the Company’s own shares which have been purchased by the Company as treasury shares as this would 
give the Company the flexibility of being able to sell such shares quickly and effectively where it considers it in the 
interests of shareholders to do so. Whilst any such shares are held in treasury, no dividends will be payable on them 
and they will not carry any voting rights. 

Resolution 12 to be proposed at the forthcoming annual general meeting seeks renewed authority to purchase up to 
a  maximum  of  3,963,637  ordinary  shares  of  25p  each  on  the  London  Stock  Exchange,  representing  10%  of  the 
Company’s issued ordinary share capital. The minimum price which may be paid for an ordinary share is 25p. The 
maximum price which may be paid for an ordinary share on any exercise of the authority will be restricted to the highest 
of (i) an amount equal to 5% above the average middle market quotations for such shares as derived from the London 
Stock Exchange Daily Official List for the five business days before the purchase is made and (ii) the higher of price 
of the last independent trade and the highest current independent bid on the London Stock Exchange. The maximum 
number of shares and the price range are stated for the purpose of compliance with statutory requirements in seeking 
this authority and should not be taken as an indication of the level of purchases, or the prices thereof, that the Company 
would intend to make. 

Dividends 
The Board has declared a final dividend of 1.0cts per share (2019: 0.5cts), in line with our reporting currency, in respect 
of the year to 31 December 2020. Subject to shareholders approval of Resolution 3 at the annual general meeting, the 
final dividend will be paid on 16 July 2021 to those shareholders on the register on 11 June 2021. 

While the dividend is declared in US Dollar, as mentioned in the Shareholders Information section of the Annual Report, 
shareholders can choose to receive the dividends in Pounds Sterling. In the absence of any specific instruction up to 
the date of closing of the register on 11 June 2021, shareholders with addresses in the UK are deemed to have elected 
to receive their dividends in Sterling and those with addresses outside of UK in US Dollar. Shareholders who choose 
to receive the dividends in Pounds Sterling will do so at the exchange rate ruling on 15 June 2021, being the dividend 
record date. Based on the exchange rate at 5 May 2021 of $1.39 / £, the proposed dividend would be equivalent to 
0.8p (2019: 0.4p). Shareholders are reminded that the last day to revoke a currency election is on 17 June 2021. 

AEP operates a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”). Holders of the shares may elect to reinvest their final dividend. 
The latest election date is 25 June 2021. 

Please note, if a holder makes a partial DRIP election for shares, then the dividend for the remaining shares will be 
paid in Pound Sterling. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report

Liability insurance for Company officers 
As  permitted  by  the  Companies  Act  2006  the  Company  has  maintained  insurance cover  for  the  Directors  against 
liabilities in relation to the Company which remains in force at the date of this report. 

On behalf of the Board 

Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan 
Executive Director, Corporate Finance and Corporate Affairs 

                          12 May 2021 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Responsibilities

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  annual  report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable law and regulations.  

Company  law  requires  the  Directors  to  prepare  financial  statements  for  each  financial  year.  Under  that  law,  the 
Directors  are  required  to  prepare  the  Group  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Accounting 
Standards (“IAS”) in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and in accordance with International 
Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies in the EU. 
The  Directors  have  elected  to  prepare  the  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  FRS  101  Reduced 
Disclosure Framework under the UK Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (“UK GAAP”). Under company law, the 
Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the 
state of affairs of the Group and Company and of the income statement for the Group for that period.   

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to: 
•  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 
•  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
•  state whether they have been prepared in accordance with applicable accounting standards, subject to any material 

departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;  

•  prepare  a  Strategic  Report,  a  Directors’  Report  and  Directors’  Remuneration  report  which  comply  with  the 

requirements of the Companies Act 2006; and 

•  make an assessment of the Company and Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the 
Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and 
enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the Group 
financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the 
Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

After making enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company and the Group have adequate 
resources to continue operations for the foreseeable future. 

Website publication 
The Directors are responsible for ensuring the annual report and the financial  statements are made available on a 
website. Financial statements are published on the Company’s website in accordance with the legislation in the UK 
governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of  financial  statements,  which  may  vary  from  legislation  in  other 
jurisdictions.  The  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  Company's  website  is  the  responsibility  of  the  Directors.    The 
Directors' responsibility also extends to the ongoing integrity of the financial statements contained therein. 

Directors’ responsibilities pursuant to Disclosure and Transparency Rules 4 (“DTR4”) 
All of the Directors listed on page 53 confirm to the best of their knowledge: 
•  The Group financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted pursuant to Regulation 
(EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies in the EU and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation and give a true and fair view of the 
assets, liabilities, financial position and income statement of the Group. 

•  The Strategic Report in the annual report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business 
and the financial position of the Group, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they 
face. 

•  The annual report and financial statements, taken as a whole, are fair, balanced and understandable and provide 
the information necessary for shareholders to assess the Company’s performance, business model and strategy. 

On behalf of the Board 

Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan 
Executive Director, Corporate Finance and Corporate Affairs 

                          12 May 2021 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors

Madam Lim Siew Kim  
(Non-Executive Chairman, age 72). 

Non-Executive Director since 29 November 1993 and was appointed as Non-Executive Chairman on 31 January 2011. 
Madam Lim does not hold any directorship in other public listed company. 

Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan 
(Executive  Director,  Corporate  Finance  and  Corporate  Affairs,  member  of  Audit,  Nomination  and  Corporate 
Governance and Remuneration Committees, age 71). 

Appointed on 26 April 2008. On 1 September 2010 he was appointed as the Executive Director. Prior to 1 September 
2010, Dato’ John Lim was the Senior Independent Non-Executive Director. 

Chartered Certified Accountant; Retired as a Partner with UHY Hacker Young LLP, London on 30 April 2019 where he 
was a Partner since 1998; previously he had a professional accounting career in Singapore and the UK. 

Lim Tian Huat 
(Senior Independent Non-Executive Director, Chairman  of Audit Committee, Chairman of Nomination & Corporate 
Governance Committee and member of Remuneration Committee, age 66). 

Appointed on 8 May 2015. 

Fellow of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants and member of the Malaysian Institute of Accountants 
and  Malaysian  Institute  of  Certified  Public  Accountants.  He  is  the  founding  President  of  Insolvency  Practitioners 
Association of Malaysia. He holds a degree in Bachelor of Arts in Economics.  

Mr. Lim is a practising Chartered Accountant with his own Corporate Restructuring and Insolvency practice, Rodgers 
Reidy & Co and his Audit and Advisory practice, Lim Tian Huat & Co. He is also the Managing Director of Andersen 
Corporate Restructuring Sdn. Bhd. He was previously a Partner at Arthur Andersen & Co Malaysia from 1990 to 2002 
and a Partner at Ernst & Young Malaysia from 2002 to 2009.  

Mr. Lim also served as the Commissioner of the United Nations Compensations Commission for a period of five years. 
He was also appointed by the Domestic Trade Minister to be a member of the Corporate Law Reform Committee under 
the purview of the Companies Commission of Malaysia. He co-authored a book entitled “The Law and Practice of 
Corporate Receivership in Malaysia and Singapore”.  

Mr.  Lim  is  a  Non-Independent  Non-Executive  Director  of  Malaysia  Building  Society  Berhad  and  is  the  Senior 
Independent Non-Executive Director of Majuperak Holdings Berhad, both are listed on Bursa Malaysia.  He is also an 
Independent Non-Executive Director of PLUS Malaysia Berhad and Pacific & Orient Insurance Co. Berhad. 

Jonathan Law Ngee Song  
(Independent Non-Executive Director, Chairman  of Remuneration Committee, member of Audit and  Nomination & 
Corporate Governance Committees, age 55). 

Appointed on 4 July 2013. 

Mr. Law graduated from Australia National University in 1989 with a Bachelor of Commerce and Bachelor of Laws. He 
was admitted as an Advocate and Solicitor, to the High Court of Malaya in 1991. He is in legal practice and currently 
a Partner in Messrs. Azmi & Associates handling merger and acquisitions and corporate practice. He was previously 
a Partner in Messrs. Nik Saghir & Ismail (1996 to 2019) and Allen & Gledhill (1991 to 1995).   

Mr. Law is the Independent Non-Executive Chairman of Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad, listed on Bursa Malaysia.  He 
is  also  the  Chairman  of  the Remuneration  Committee  and  a  member  of  the  Nomination  Committee  of  Evergreen 
Fibreboard Berhad. He is also a Non-Independent and Non-Executive Director of Pimpinan Ehsan Berhad (appointed 
on 25 February 2021). 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Statement on Corporate Governance 

I am pleased to report on the activities of the Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee for the year ended 
31 December 2020. This Statement on Corporate Governance forms part of the Directors’ Report. 

Application of the UK Corporate Governance Code 
AEP is committed to business integrity, appropriately high ethical standards and professionalism in all its activities and 
operations. This includes a commitment to high standards in corporate governance relating in particular to appropriate 
systems  and  controls  adopted  at  a  senior  level  of  management  of  the  Group  and  operation  of  the  Board.  The 
benchmark standards in this regard are set out in the UK Corporate Governance Code 2018 (‘the Code’), which was 
published in July 2018 which forms part of the Listing Rules of the London Stock Exchange. The Code is available 
from the Financial Reporting Council’s (“FRC”) website at www.frc.org.uk. The following provisions of the Code were 
not met throughout the financial year ended 31 December 2020:  
•  Provision 19 relating to the Chairman in her role for more than nine years is fully explained on page 54; 
•  Provision 24 and 32 relating to the Executive Director of his inclusion as a member of the Audit and Remuneration 

Committees is fully explained on page 57. 

Relationship Agreement with Controlling Shareholder 
The UK Listing Rules require a premium listed issuer with a controlling shareholder to have in place a relationship 
agreement with the controlling shareholder. The mandatory requirement for the relationship agreement is intended to 
prevent  controlling  shareholders  from  exercising  their  influence  in  a  way  that  is  improper  or  unfair  to  minority 
shareholders. The requirement is not intended to prevent a controlling shareholder from engaging fairly with an issuer 
or legitimately disagreeing with the issuer and neither are they intended to prevent shareholders from holding board 
positions. AEP Plc has identified all controlling shareholders and regarded its major shareholder, Genton International 
Limited  (“Genton”)  as  the  only  controlling  shareholder.  In  this  respect,  the  Company  entered  into  a  relationship 
agreement with Genton on 14 November 2014. The agreement is available for inspection by the shareholders upon 
request from the Company Secretary. The Board has reviewed this agreement with the controlling shareholder in 2020 
and concluded that AEP Plc has complied with the independence provisions included in the agreement and that, in so 
far as it is aware, those independence provisions have been complied with by Genton. 

The Board 
The Board is responsible for the proper leadership of the Company for the long-term success of the Company and 
Group. The Board is supplied with relevant, timely and accurate information for review prior to each meeting to enable 
them to discharge their duties. The Audit Committee is responsible for the integrity of the financial information and this 
is achieved by interacting with the management and with the internal auditors. The Board has identified and formally 
adopted a schedule of key matters that are reserved for its decision, including the annual fiscal and capital budgets, 
interim, preliminary and final results announcements, final dividends, the appointment of Directors and the Company 
Secretary, circulars to shareholders, Group treasury policies and acquisitions. Certain other matters are delegated to 
Board committees, the details of which are set out below. 

AEP is led by a strong and experienced Board of Directors (see biographical details set out on page 53).  During 2020 
the Board comprised the Non-Executive Chairman, one Executive Director and two Non-Executive Directors, both of 
whom are considered by the Board to be Independent.  

Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan was appointed as the Executive Director, Corporate Finance and Corporate Affairs on 1 
September 2010. Prior to 1 September 2010, Dato’ John Lim was the Senior Independent Non-Executive Director. 
The Executive Director in his capacity is the de-facto Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). 

Madam Lim Siew Kim was appointed as the Non-Executive Chairman on 31 January 2011. Neither external search 
consultancy nor open advertising was used for the appointment.  Although Madam Lim has been the Chairman for 
more  than  nine  years  which  is  not  in  compliance  with  Provision  19  of  the  Code,  the  Nomination  and  Corporate 
Governance Committee, however, is of the view that Madam Lim, who indirectly owns 52% of the Company’s shares, 
together with her experience in the palm oil plantation business since 1993 is an appropriate candidate for the position. 
The other members of the Board are satisfied that through the specific powers reserved for the Board, and given the 
presence of the Independent Non-Executive Directors, there is a reasonable balance of influence. AEP has complied 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement on Corporate Governance 

with the Provision 11 of the Code which provides that at least half the Board, excluding the Chair, should be Non-
Executive Directors whom the Board considers to be independent.  

The Board ensures that the Company’s purpose, values, strategy and culture are aligned to cater for the community 
at large, as fully explained in the CSR section of the Strategic Report.  

The Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee will monitor continuously the future leader and talents within 
the Group as well as outside the Group. This is essential to ensuring a continuous level of quality in management, in 
avoiding instability  by  helping  to  mitigate  the  risks  which may  be  associated  with unforeseen events, such  as  the 
departure of a key individual, and in promoting diversity and inclusion. The Company continues to have a systematic 
approach to succession planning for Non-Executive Directors. The Chairman has a personal dialogue with individual 
directors at least once a year to discuss the business of the Group in general and  their plans, if any, to  facilitate 
succession planning.  

Independence of the Non-Executive Directors 
The Board has evaluated the independence of each of its Non-Executive Directors. Following this assessment, the 
Board has determined that, throughout the reporting period, both of its Non-Executive Directors, who were appointed 
for  specified  terms  of  office,  were  independent,  based  above  all  on  their  objectivity  and  integrity.  The  terms  and 
conditions relating to the appointment of the Non-Executive Directors are available from the Company Secretary. 

In arriving at its conclusion, the Board considered the factors set out in the UK Corporate Governance Code including, 
inter alia, whether any of the Non-Executive Directors: 
•  has been an employee of the Group within the last five years; 
•  has, or had within the last three years, a material business relationship with the Group; 
•  receives additional remuneration from the Group apart from a Director’s fee; 
•  has close family ties with any of the Group’s advisors, Directors or senior employees; 
•  holds cross-directorships or has significant links with other Directors through involvement in other companies or 

bodies; 

•  has served more than nine years on the Board; or 
•  represents a significant shareholder. 

The UK Corporate Governance Code acknowledges that a Director may be regarded as independent notwithstanding 
the existence of any of the above factors, provided a clear explanation is given. 

The  Independent  Non-Executive  Directors  have  a  wide  range  of  business  interests  beyond  their  position  with  the 
Company and the rest of the Board agree unanimously that they have shown themselves to be fully independent.  

Senior Independent Non-Executive Director 
Mr. Lim Tian Huat, an experienced Chartered Accountant acted in the capacity of Senior Independent Non-Executive 
Director from 8 May 2015. 

Operation of the Board 
A schedule of duties and decisions reserved for the Board and management respectively has been adopted. The Audit, 
Nomination  &  Corporate  Governance  and  Remuneration  Committees  have  written  terms  of  reference  which  are 
available  for  inspection  upon request  from  the  Company  Secretary.  The  terms  of  reference  are  also  available  for 
download from the Company’s website under Sustainability - Corporate Governance section. 

Unless warranted by unusual matters, the Board normally meets two to three times each year. Otherwise, all other 
matters  are  dealt  with  by  written  resolution  and  telephone  conference.  During  2020  there  were  two  formal  Board 
meetings attended as follows: 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement on Corporate Governance 

                                                               Attendance 
          2/2 
Madam Lim Siew Kim                 
          2/2 
Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan   
Lim Tian Huat 
          2/2 
Jonathan Law Ngee Song                          2/2 

Agenda and minutes of previous meetings were circulated prior to meetings. 

The  Independent  Non-Executive  Directors  met  on  their  own  during  2020.  Telephone  discussions  between  the 
Chairman and the Non-Executive Directors also took place outside these meetings. 

During 2020, the Board followed the Group results and the development of the activities of the various subsidiaries by 
means  of  monthly  reports  prepared by the  management in  Malaysia  and  Indonesia.  It  deliberated on  the periodic 
results and measured its performance against other plantation companies. The annual budget for 2020 was tabled for 
the Board discussion and subsequent approval. The Executive Director received further monthly reports and minutes 
of the Executive Committee meetings in Indonesia chaired by the Group senior general manager from Malaysia and 
briefed the Board accordingly. Meetings were conducted online from late March 2020 as international borders were 
closed due to the Coronavirus pandemic. The objectives of the Executive Committee are to resolve operational issues 
and to drive the performance budget set at the beginning of every year by the Board.  Besides the senior general 
manager from Malaysia, the Executive Committee is made up of senior members of the management team based in 
Indonesia which includes the President Director, the Chief Operating Officer, the Finance Director and the Engineering 
Director. The Senior Internal Audit Manager was regularly invited to attend and briefed the Executive Committee of 
significant audit findings and follow-up.      

The Board again deliberated on the format and the venue for the forthcoming AGM on the 28 June 2021. The Board 
sought advice from its sponsor and legal advisor and discussed options including a hybrid meeting and a closed AGM. 
A hybrid AGM would involve two venues in Kuala Lumpur and London where the meeting is conducted simultaneously 
and broadcast online to the shareholders while in a closed meeting only the Chairman of AGM and another director 
will be given the proxy to attend so that the meeting is quorate, but it will not be broadcast online. A closed AGM in 
Kuala Lumpur again was ultimately decided as the Board noted the reservation of its legal advisor on the legality of an 
online video conference as it is not provided in the Company’s articles and also because there is no certainty, as of 
now, that the Directors can be in the UK on 28 June 2021 because of the current travel restrictions and quarantine 
requirements. In a closed AGM the shareholders are required to vote on all resolutions by proxy. At this juncture, the 
Board decided to seek shareholders’ approval at the forthcoming AGM to make relevant changes to AEP’s articles to 
facilitate online meetings.  

The Board is conscious that shareholders would want to interact with Board members, normally at the AGM, and 
therefore a meeting will be organised in London when it is appropriate to do so, with less formality, for shareholders to 
meet with some of the Board members.  

In addition, the Board deliberated on the dividend rate for the year and raised the dividend to 1.0cts (2019: 0.5cts) in 
view of the better performance, together with an improved economic outlook for 2021. Last year the Board took the 
tough decision to reduce the dividend in order to preserve cash to ride out uncertainties during the pandemic. 

The Board reviewed the risks management and noted the probability and financial impact of the Covid-19 pandemic 
on the operation of the Group should the risks materialise. The Board approved various standard operating procedures 
put in place in Indonesia and Malaysia to ensure the safety of workers including quarantine, restriction of movement 
in and out of estates and mills, alternate working days for administration staff, daily temperature taking, wearing of 
masks, social distancing, encouragement to wash hands and use sanitizers frequently, avoid crowded places, cancel 
all travel to Jakarta, switch to online meetings where possible, management approval for any travel, minimum contact 
between casual and full time workers housed in the estates and mills, reporting to health authorities if any staff is down 
with fever and virus symptoms and regular virus testing for operational workers. An external consultant was hired to 
make improvements to operating procedures to minimise the chances of contracting the virus through contact. Notices 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement on Corporate Governance 

of safety procedures were also put up at strategic locations in the offices, estates and mills to remind employees to 
keep safe at all times.     

The Board approved the budget for the development of an organic farm in Malaysia which started on an exploratory 
basis  in  2019.  The  project  involved  planting  organic  fruits  and  vegetables  on  8  hectares  of  land  leased  from  the 
Chairman at open market value. The produce from the organic farm are to be sold in local supermarkets at affordable 
prices, as part of the Company’s corporate social responsibility. 

Each Board member has access to the impartial advice and services of the Company Secretary, who is responsible 
to the Board for ensuring that appropriate procedures are followed. Where necessary, the Board members may seek 
independent advice from the Company’s sponsor, including legal counsel at the Company’s expense. The Company 
maintained Directors’ and officers’ liability insurance throughout 2020. 

Non-Executive Directors are appointed for two-year terms renewable on the recommendation of the Board. To maintain 
the vitality of the Board, the Directors specify fixed terms of office for Non-Executives. However, the Board will review 
the  position  of  each  Director  for  the  yearly  re-election  under  the  Code.  The  re-election  of  the  independent  Non-
Executive Directors has always been on the basis of gaining a majority of the independent shareholders vote in addition 
to the total shareholders vote since this requirement was first introduced. 

Dato’ John Lim, the only Executive Director on the Board, sits on the Audit, Nomination and Remuneration Committees 
for 2020. Provision 24 and 32 of the UK Corporate Governance Code provide for smaller companies like AEP to have 
two independent Non-Executive Directors in the Audit and Remuneration Committees and a majority independent 
Non-Executive  Directors  in  the  Nomination  and  Corporate  Governance  Committee.  In  practice,  companies  would 
normally exclude the Executive Director from membership so as not to taint the independence of both the Audit and 
Remuneration  Committees.  However,  the  Board  felt  strongly  that  given  the  small  composition  of  the  various 
Committees, they would benefit from Dato’ John Lim’s wealth of commercial and audit experience. It was also felt that 
Dato’  John  Lim  being  the  only  Director  based  in  London  could  only  adequately  represent  the  Company  in  any 
shareholder and investor meetings if he sits in the three Committees. The Board also believes that the Non-Executive 
Directors, being professionals in their own areas of expertise would maintain their impartiality and independence by 
their majority presence in all three Committees. 

In 2020 the Board conducted a review of its performance by discussion. It concluded that the Board is performing 
effectively and that the Board members have the complementary skills appropriate to propel the Group in its strategic 
direction and for challenges ahead. No other major issues arose from this review. 

Following a review of the internal control and risks management in  April 2021 and in the absence of any reported 
failure and weaknesses which the Board considered significant, it concluded that these remain effective and sufficient 
for their purpose. 

In connection with the statutory provisions regarding directors’ conflict of interest, the Directors must avoid a situation 
in which the Directors have, or can have a direct or indirect interest that conflicts, or possibly may conflict with the 
interests of the Company. The duty is not infringed if the matter has been authorised by the Directors. Under the 
Articles, the Board has the power to authorise potential or actual conflict situations. The Board  maintains effective 
procedures to enable the Directors to notify the Company of any actual or potential conflict situations and of those 
situations to be reviewed and, if appropriate, to be authorised by the Board. Directors’ conflicts situations are reviewed 
annually and authorisation is recorded in the Board minutes. 

Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee 
The Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee currently comprises Mr. Lim Tian Huat (Chairman), Dato’ John 
Lim Ewe Chuan and Mr. Jonathan Law Ngee Song.  

The committee had three meetings during 2020, attended by all members. 

The policy on diversity is described on page 40 of the Strategic Report.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement on Corporate Governance 

During the year, the Nomination Committee reviewed and deliberated on the Statement of Corporate Governance for 
inclusion in the Annual Report. It also met to recommend and extend the contract of two directors. Whilst no formal 
training programme was arranged for the year, the Board received periodic briefings on legal, regulatory, operational 
and political developments affecting the Group. As in the past the Board will not hesitate to arrange training on specific 
matters where it is thought to be required.  

Relations with shareholders 
All shareholders may attend the Company’s AGM and put questions to the Board and such questions must be with at 
least twenty working days’ notice. At the conclusion of the AGM, a summary of votes for each resolution is reported 
and made available at the company’s website as soon as practicable after the meeting.  Shareholders will not receive 
a hard copy of the proxy form for the 2021 AGM. Instead shareholders will be able to vote electronically using the link 
https://www-uk.computershare.com/investor/.  For more details please refer to online submission of proxy voting on 
page 9 of the Annual Report. 

In a typical year, the Executive Director would have contacted and met certain principal shareholders during the year 
to understand their concerns and at all  times  is pleased to speak to and meet any shareholder. The views of the 
shareholders are communicated to the Board to ensure that it is mindful of the shareholders’ sentiment and issues 
arising at all times. It is the intention of the Board to engage with identifiable shareholders who have voted against 
Company’s resolutions in the past. However, with the travel restriction and international borders remaining closed for 
almost ten months of the year, the Executive Director was not able to meet any of the principal shareholders other 
than via telephone calls and email correspondence.  

The annual report, interim report and trading statements are intended to keep the shareholders informed as to the 
progress in the operational and financial performance of the Group. The Company maintains a corporate website at 
https://www.angloeastern.co.uk/. This website has detailed information on various aspects of the Group’s operations. 
The website is updated regularly and includes latest Company announcements, information on the Company’s share 
price,  the  price  of  crude  palm  oil,  foreign  currency  movement  of  Indonesian  Rupiah  against  US  dollar  and 
environmental, social and governance matters.  

The Company’s results and other news releases issued via the London Stock Exchange’s Regulatory News Service 
are  published  on  the  “Investors  Information”  and  “News”  sections  of  the  website  and  together  with  other  relevant 
information concerning  the  Company  and  the  Industry,  are  available for  downloading.  The  website  was  upgraded 
recently to enable shareholders and investors to select and receive e-mail alerts from the Company on the selected 
regulatory news to follow the development of the Company. 

Environmental and corporate responsibility 
In 2004 a group of growers, processors, retailers and wildlife and conservation groups founded the “Roundtable for 
Sustainable Palm Oil”, known as RSPO, to codify and promote best practices in the industry. Although AEP is not a 
member of the RSPO, the Group’s management and Directors take a serious view of their environmental and social 
responsibilities and are fully committed to the principles developed by RSPO. Many of these principles overlap with 
ISPO and MSPO of which compliance is mandatory for AEP. These principles cover eight headings as follows: 
•  Transparency; 
•  Compliance with local laws and regulations; 
•  Commitment to long-term economic and financial viability; 
•  Use of appropriate best practices by growers and millers; 
•  Environmental responsibility and conservation of natural resources and biodiversity; 
•  Responsible consideration of individuals and communities affected by growers and mills; 
•  Responsible development of new plantings; and 
•  Commitment to continuous improvement in key areas of activity. 

Within these headings are 40 detailed principles. Among the most important are: 
•  Not to remove primary forest; 
•  Not to use fire for clearing areas designated for new or replanting; 
•  To follow accepted soil and water conservation practices; 

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58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statement on Corporate Governance 

•  To  use  agrochemicals  in  ways  that  do  not  endanger  health  or  the  environment  and  to  promote  non-chemical 

methods of pest management; 

•  To leave wild areas for wildlife corridors, water catchment and riparian protection; 
•  Provide full treatment of mill effluent water; 
•  Ensure the wishes of local communities and individuals are taken account of; and 
•  To  pay  to  individuals  with  residual  rights  over  land  only  freely  agreed  compensation,  in  addition  to  following 

government land regulations. 

AEP seeks to comply with these principles in all areas of its activities. Some of the measures taken for environmental 
protection are disclosed and updated in the company’s website from time to time. 

Lim Tian Huat 
Chairman, Nomination and Corporate Governance Committee                                                                 12 May 2021

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Committee Report 

Composition 
The Audit Committee comprises Mr. Lim Tian Huat (Chairman), Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan and Mr. Jonathan Law 
Ngee Song, all of whom are considered by the Directors to have relevant financial and professional experiences to 
discharge their specific duties with respect to the Audit Committee. 

Mr. Lim is a Fellow member of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants and a member of the Malaysian 
Institute of Accountants and Malaysian Institute of Certified Public Accountants. He is also the founding President of 
Insolvency  Practitioners  of  Malaysia.  He  has  extensive  experience  in  accounting,  auditing,  finance  and  corporate 
insolvency.  In addition to in-house training, he participated in five external courses and seminars in 2020, three of 
which  were  organised  by  Malaysian  Institute  of  Accountants.  Topics  covered  were  Anti-Money  Laundering  Act, 
business  restructuring  and  rescue  option  under  the  Companies  Act,  adaptation  of  work  norm  and  transformative 
technologies to build sustainable business for small and medium practices during time of pandemic, Inter-bank offered 
rates reform and Covid-19 impact on financial instruments. 

Dato’ John Lim attended five recorded webinars on the impact of Covid-19 on accounting and corporate financial 
reporting and resolving related governance, business disruption and financial solvency issues that arise, applying IFRS 
9 under the pandemic and other corporate financial reporting updates. 

Mr. Jonathan Law attended four trainings and webinars covering topics on Covid-19 on cross border transactions, 
corporate liability under the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Act, Sustainability – beyond reporting requirements and what 
need to be done under corporate liability. 

Both Mr. Lim and Dato’ John Lim have recent and relevant financial experience in their discharge of duties on the Audit 
Committee.   

Roles of the Audit Committee 
Audit Committee is responsible for: 
•  Monitoring the integrity of the financial statements and reviewing formal announcements of financial performance 
and significant reporting issues and judgements that such statements and announcements are fair, balanced and 
understandable for shareholders to assess the company’s financial position and performance, business model and 
strategy; 

•  Monitoring and reviewing the effectiveness of internal financial controls, internal controls and risk management 

systems; 

•  Making recommendations to the Board in relation to the appointment, reappointment and removal of the external 

auditor, their remuneration and terms of engagement; 

•  Reviewing and monitoring the independence and objectivity of the external auditor and the effectiveness of the 

audit process; 

•  Developing  and  implementing  policy  on  the  engagement  of  the  external  auditor  to  supply  non-audit  services, 
ensuring there is prior approval of non-audit services, considering the impact this may have on independence, 
taking into account the relevant regulations and ethical guidance in this regard, and reporting to the Board on any 
improvement or action required;  

•  Reporting to the Board on how it has discharged its responsibilities; 
•  Providing advice to the Board on the assessment of the principal risks facing the Group; and 
•  Providing  advice  to  the  Board  on  the  form  and  basis  underlying  the  longer-term  viability  statement  and  going 

concern statement in the Annual Reports.   

The Committee monitors the engagement of the auditor to perform non-audit work. The ethical standard of International 
Standards on Auditing requires the external auditor to evaluate threats to independence and discuss this with the Audit 
Committee. The external auditor will be responsible for maintaining a record of all non-audit services undertaken and 
for ensuring that they do not undertake any of the prohibited services. To ensure that the external auditor satisfies 
these ethical standards on auditing, the Group decided not to engage the external auditor for non-audit services for 
the Company and its affiliates except for the review of the interim report for compliance before announcement. The 
Committee considered that the nature and limited scope of, and remuneration payable in respect of, this engagement 
was such that the independence and objectivity of the auditor were not impaired. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

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Audit Committee Report 

The members of the Committee discharge their responsibilities by formal meetings and informal discussions between 
themselves, by meeting with the external auditor, the internal auditors and management and by consideration of reports 
by management and by holding at least two formal meetings in each year. 

It receives reports from executive management in Indonesia and Malaysia and focuses principally on reviewing reports 
from management and considers whether significant risks in the Group are identified, evaluated, managed and whether 
significant weaknesses are promptly remedied including, but not limited to, commodity price movements, exchange 
rate movements, political and social change and government legislation. Where necessary the Committee also seek 
independent advice from professionals and experts.    

Overview 
The Audit Committee met prior to the completion of the 2020 accounts and four times during 2020 with full attendance 
in all meetings. 

During the year, the Committee reviewed and discussed the 2019 Annual Report, 2020 Interim Results, 1st Quarter 
and 3rd Quarter Trading Statement for 2020. The Committee also deliberated and recommended to the Board the 
dividend rate for the Company.  

The  Committee  updated  the  risks  register  chart  and  deliberated  on  the  probability  of  various  material  risks  from 
occurring and the resulting financial impact should the risks materialise. The Committee concluded that produce prices 
are the biggest risks with high probability of occurring and with high financial impact, while Coronavirus and imposition 
of import controls and taxes are rated with medium chance of occurrence with medium to high financial impact. All 
other risks are generally low in financial impact. 

The Committee deliberated extensively before recommending the 2020 Budget to the Board. 

Following the advice of the Company legal advisor, the Audit Committee resolved to set up different and separate Anti-
Corruption and Bribery policies for the UK, Indonesia and Malaysia operations to comply with local laws as well as to 
make  local  directors  responsible  and  accountable  to  policing  any  incidence  of  corruption  or  bribery  locally.  Local 
compliance managers were nominated in line with this set up. 

The Audit Committee have regular dialogues, both formal and informal with the senior management in Indonesia and 
Malaysia and the discussions are open and constructive. 

The  Internal  Audit  plan  for  the  year  was  approved  by  the  Committee.  The  internal  audit  reports  were  tabled  and 
discussed in detail in three of the Audit Committee meetings in 2020. The Senior Internal Audit Manager presented his 
audit findings and interacted with members of the Audit Committee in two of the meetings.  

During  the  year  Deloitte  Risks  Advisory  in  Kuala  Lumpur presented  its  findings  and  recommendation  to  the  Audit 
Committee following a Quality Assurance Review (“QAR”) on the Internal Audit Department. The QAR encompassed 
the following: 
•  Assessed and provided recommendations of the Internal Audit activities’ conformity with the Institute of Internal 
Auditors (“IIA”) Standards, the Code of Ethics and the Definition of Internal Auditing and with applicable legislative 
and regulatory requirements and 

•  Assessed the internal audit activities’ efficiency and effectiveness in meeting the objectives and mission as defined 
in the Charter, expressed in the expectations of the Audit Committee and the Company’s senior management 

Deloitte reported that the Internal Audit activities partially conform with the IIA’s Standards and Code of Ethics, as well 
as its Definition of Internal Auditing, Internal Audit Charter, Policies, Manual and Procedures.  The Audit Committee 
discussed in detail the QAR scorecard and deficiency over priority areas like the IT risks assessment, mapping of 
company  risks,  documentation  of  Internal  Audit  methodology  and  technology,  the  quality  of  communications  and 
reporting delivery to management that needed improvement. 

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Audit Committee Report 

External Audit 
BDO LLP are the external auditors. The engagement Partner who has overall responsibility for the audit is Nigel Harker 
who is in the role for the first year. The external auditor BDO LLP have been appointed as the Company’s external 
auditors  since  the  financial  year  ended  2001.  In  accordance  with  good  governance,  the  audit  services  were 
competitively tendered in 2014, whereby BDO LLP was reappointed. It is our intention that the audit will be re-tendered 
in 2024 when BDO LLP are mandated to rotate after the audit of the Group’s financial statements for the year ending 
31 December 2023 under the independence rule. 

The Committee met online with the external auditor twice in 2020 to discuss the audit findings and to plan the audit for 
2020 financial year. The external auditor, during the audit planning, highlighted to the Audit Committee their scope of 
audit and their assessment of areas of audit risks. The significant risks include valuation of estate land, impairment of 
bearer plants, recoverability of plasma scheme receivables, management override of controls, revenue recognition 
and completeness of related party transactions.  

The valuation of estate land is considered a significant risk due to its size and the subjective judgements involved in 
the estimation, together with the volatility of land market prices within Indonesia in particular. The Group engaged a 
qualified  valuer  to  value  approximately  half  the  estate  to  benchmark  the  valuation  of  the  entire  estate.  The  Audit 
Committee reviewed in detail the workings of the external valuer and the assumptions applied to satisfy themselves 
that the estate land are fairly stated. To provide indicative fair values and to support the valuation of the estate land, 
eight companies located across North Sumatera, Bengkulu, Riau and Kalimantan were valued by qualified valuers in 
2020. The land held in the remaining companies, which was valued externally in the previous year, have been valued 
by the Directors by reference to the changes in value of externally valued estates, taking note of their geographical 
location and applying them as considered appropriate. The land is valued on a rotational basis and all  the land is 
valued  by  qualified  valuers  every  two  years.  More  details  on  land  valuation  work  are  covered  in  note  11  of  the 
consolidated financial statements.  

The bearer plants are held as property, plant and equipment at depreciated cost (IAS16). The Group is required under 
IAS 36, to assess whether there is any indication that the bearer plants may have been impaired, or if a previously 
recognised  impairment  should  be  reversed  at  the  end  of  each  reporting  period.  Given  the  subjective  nature  and 
complexity of these calculations, there is an inherent risk that the valuations may be materially misstated. The Group 
engaged an external valuer to conduct the required impairment review based on the value in use of the bearer plants. 
The  Audit  Committee  reviewed  in  detail  the  calculations  of  value  in  use  and  the  assumptions  applied  to  satisfy 
themselves that the bearer plants are fairly stated. Under IAS 36, an entity is required at the end of each reporting 
period to assess whether there is any indication that any bearer plant held as property, plant and equipment including 
plantations  may  be  impaired.  In  2020  the  management  took  reasonable  steps  including  external  valuation  of  five 
companies to independently assess whether their bearer plants need to be impaired. Impairment for plantations is 
measured by calculating the value in use and comparing the carrying amount with their recoverable amount, which is 
the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and its value in use. Given the nature of the business, recoverable amount 
was based on the value in use calculation on the basis that it will be higher than fair value less cost to sell. This requires 
the management to exercise significant judgement in determining the underlying assumptions used in the calculation 
of  the  recoverable amount.  In  2020,  there  is  no  additional  impairment loss  of  the  plantations  of  the Group  (2019: 
reversal of impairment loss of $7.6 million). The details of the calculation of the recoverable amount are disclosed in 
note 11 - Property, plant and equipment to the consolidated financial statements.  

AEP has amounts due from cooperatives under the plasma programme on the balance sheet. The balances are repaid 
by the cooperatives if and when they manage to obtain bank financing, which would need to be secured by a guarantee 
from AEP, or via the sale of the FFB they produce to AEP. There is a risk that the receivables due from cooperatives 
may not be recoverable and where applicable the exposure of guarantees given to secure the cooperatives loans. 
Accordingly, the Audit Committee ensures that IFRS 9 has been appropriately applied and that any expected credit 
losses are recognised. 

The risk of fraud due to management override of controls and revenue recognition due potentially to performance 
obligations linked to compensation or shareholders’ expectations could be achieved by manipulating judgements and 
estimates  or  through  the  posting  of  journals.  The  above  mentioned  risks  are  mitigated  through  the  internal  audit 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Committee Report 

function which reviews journals of material amounts and participate in period end cut-off to ensure that the proper 
procedures are adhered to. The internal audit function reports to the Audit Committee specifically on these two areas, 
in addition to other exception reports. 

The  Audit  Committee  ensured  completeness  of  related  party  transactions  by  requiring  all  Directors  and  senior 
managers to disclose any transactions directly or indirectly with the Group via a signed prescribed form for this purpose. 
The Audit Committee may carry out third party search, if applicable.  

Other risks rated as medium to low impact include valuation of biological assets, valuation of defined benefit obligation 
and recoverability of income tax receivables. The auditor continued to stress on the directors’ responsibilities, the 
effects of coronavirus on year-end corporate reporting and auditing, definition and application of materiality and shared 
with the Committee new accounting and auditing standards and other financial reporting developments. Due to the 
travel restriction, the audit engagement team from BDO LLP, from the UK, used remote review to review the work of 
the component auditors. 

Before finalizing the accounts, the Audit Committee conducted a stress test premise on stoppage of Group’s estates 
and mills operation for a year as a result of Covid-19. Based on this scenario, the cash flow projections showed that 
the Group has sufficient resources to continue operating as a going concern for the next five years. 

During the year the Committee carried out an assessment of the effectiveness of the external audit  process. The 
assessment was led by the Chairman of the Audit Committee, assisted by the Senior General Manager and the Group 
Accountant and focused on certain criteria which the Committee considered to be important factors in demonstrating 
an effective audit process. These factors included the quality of audit staff, the planning and execution of the audit 
according to agreed plans and timeline, provision of sound advice on technical issues and degree of independence 
and professionalism displayed during the audit for 2019. The tenure of audit and extent of non-audit work that will 
affect the independence of the auditor were reviewed. During 2020, the non-audit work undertaken by BDO LLP (UK) 
was  on  the  review  of  the  interim  report  for compliance before  the announcement.  The Committee  considered  the 
nature, limited scope of engagement and remuneration paid were such that the independence and objectivity of the 
auditor were not impaired. Fees paid for audit and non-audit services are provided in note 5. The Committee considered 
the key members of the audit engagement team and component auditors involved in the Group Audit. This includes 
the Audit Partner and the Audit Manager from BDO LLP (UK) and the various Partners from BDO in Malaysia and 
Indonesia. New Audit Partners for the UK and Indonesia were assigned for the 2020 audit while in Malaysia, the same 
engagement Partner has been involved in the audit for the last two years. Following this assessment, the Committee 
concluded that the external audit process remained effective, and that the objectivity of the external auditor was not 
impaired and that it provides an appropriate independent challenge of the senior management of the Group.   

Internal control 
The Company has followed the Code provisions on internal control since 1999 and the Guidance on Risk Management, 
Internal Control and Related Financial and Business Reporting issued by the Financial Reporting Council in 2014. The 
Board has overall responsibility for the Group’s systems of internal control and risk management and for reviewing its 
effectiveness. Such a system is designed to manage, rather than eliminate, the risk of failure to achieve business 
objectives and can only provide reasonable and not absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss. The 
Audit Committee reviews and monitors specific risks and internal control procedures and reports to the Board where 
appropriate. Executive staff and Directors are responsible for implementation of control procedures and for identifying 
and managing business risks.  

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Audit Committee Report 

The Group has in-house internal auditors who visit operating sites in Indonesia and Malaysia regularly based on an 
approved Internal Audit Plan and provide summarized internal audit reports to the Audit Committee on a regular basis. 
The Internal Audit also conducts special audits throughout the year as and when required by management. The internal 
audit team provides objective assurance as to the effectiveness of the Group’s systems of internal control and risk 
management of the Group’s operating management to the Committee. Follow-up audits and discussions are also held 
to ensure remedial actions are taken promptly. The internal audit review is a continuous and sequential process and 
in any one year does not necessarily cover all risks which are significant to the Group. The process aims to provide 
reasonable assurance against material misstatement or loss but cannot eliminate the risk of loss.  

Lim Tian Huat 
Chairman, Audit Committee                                                                                                                       12 May 2021 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report 

Annual Statement 
I am pleased to report on the activities of the Remuneration Committee for the year ended 31 December 2020. It sets 
out the remuneration policy and remuneration details for the Executive and Non-Executive directors of the Group. It 
has been prepared in accordance with Schedule 8 of SI 2008/410 Large and Medium-sized Companies and Groups 
(Accounts and reports) Regulations 2008. 

The  Companies  Act  2006  requires  the  auditor  to  report  to  the  shareholders  on  certain  parts  of  the  Directors’ 
Remuneration Report and to state whether, in their opinion, those parts of the report have been properly prepared in 
accordance with the Regulations. The parts of the annual report on remuneration that are subject to audit are indicated 
in that report. The report by the Chairman of the Remuneration Committee and the policy statement are not subject to 
audit.  

During  the  year  the  Remuneration  Committee  reviewed  the  annual  increment  and  bonus  entitlement  of  senior 
management in Indonesia. In considering the bonus for 2019, the Committee took into account the achievement of the 
key performance criteria related to crop production, rate of new planting, oil extraction rates and implementation of 
cost reduction measures. The Committee also took into account the reduction and rotation of the administrative and 
supporting  departments  with  half  of  the  departments  working  from  home  to  mitigate  the  risks  of  contracting 
Coronavirus. It also made an informal comparison with other plantation companies for bonus payment. In addition, the 
Committee deliberated and renewed the contracts of five senior management personnel and two directors. The Board 
of Directors decided to renew the contract of the Executive Director annually and in this instance his contract was 
extended to 31 August 2021 at a reduced fee of £63,000 per annum in line with reduced working days. The contract 
of the Chairman/Director was renewed with no change in remuneration. None of the directors were involved in deciding 
the renewal and the compensation of their own contract. Measures to avoid or manage conflicts of interest are in the 
declarations of all Directors and senior managers in respect of related party transactions as detailed on page 63. The 
Committee believes that the remuneration packages should continue to motivate and reward individual performance 
in a way consistent with the best interest of the Company and its stakeholders. The Committee also deliberated on the 
2020 Remuneration Report and recommended to the Board for acceptance.  

As part of the engagement of workforce, the Chairman of Remuneration Committee conducted an online meeting with 
heads of employees’ cooperatives in North Sumatera and Kalimantan to discuss and obtain feedback on issues relating 
to  their  safety  and  welfare,  working  conditions,  remuneration  and  ways  to  improve  productivity.  The  meeting  was 
productive  and  concluded  that  workers  were  generally  happy  and  satisfied.  There  were  however  several  minor 
requests that need to be addressed pertaining to additional replacement of worn out safety shoes, separate uniforms 
for supervisors for recognition and better bonuses.    

The Committee would welcome your support for our Remuneration Report.  

The Remuneration Policy was previously voted and approved by the shareholders at the 2020 AGM and shall be 
effective from 1 January 2020 for three years. There is no change in the policy since September 2014.  

Composition  
The Remuneration Committee comprises of Mr. Jonathan Law Ngee Song (Chairman), Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan 
and Mr. Lim Tian Huat.  

The Committee had three meetings in 2020, attended by all members.  

Voting at Annual General Meeting 
There was no change in the Remuneration policy which was last voted and approved in 2020. In that meeting, the 
shareholders voted in the following manner: 

  To approve Remuneration policy 

Shares For 
23,029,499 

Shares Against  % Shares For  % Shares Against 

703,113 

97.0% 

3.0% 

It is the Company’s policy to vote on the Remuneration policy once every three years or if there is a change in the 
policy within the three years.   

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report 

The  Director’s  Remuneration report  was  last  approved  at Company’s  AGM on  29  June  2020.  In  the meeting,  the 
shareholders voted in the following manner: 

To approve Directors’ Remuneration Report 

Shares For  Shares Against  % Shares For  % Shares Against 
23,594,749 

137,813 

99.4% 

0.6% 

The Company pays due attention to the results of voting. When there is  substantial vote against any resolution in 
relation to Directors’ Remuneration, the reasons for any such vote is sought and any action in response will be reported 
in the following year. 

The Listing Rules require the re-election of independent directors in companies with a controlling shareholder to be 
voted separately by independent minority shareholders in addition to the approval of all shareholders. The results of 
the re-election of the independent directors in the last AGM were: 

Shares For  Shares Against  % Shares For  % Shares Against 

By all shareholders:  
Re-election of Mr. Lim Tian Huat 
Re-election of Mr Jonathan Law Ngee Song 

23,729,349 
23,726,133 

3,309 
6,525 

99.9% 
99.9% 

0.1% 
0.1% 

By independent shareholders:   
Re-election of Mr. Lim Tian Huat 
Re-election of Mr Jonathan Law Ngee Song 

3,177,435 
3,174,219 

3,309 
6,525 

99.9% 
99.8% 

0.1% 
0.2% 

Shares For  Shares Against  % Shares For  % Shares Against 

Policy of the Remuneration Committee 
The Committee sets the remuneration and benefits of the Executive Director. The Executive Director’s compensation 
is not linked to the profitability of the Group. It is linked to his role in respect of activities relating to corporate finance 
and corporate affairs, including liaising with the Company’s advisers and regulators and interaction with shareholders. 

When determining Executive Director’s remuneration, the Committee reviews the pay policy and levels for executives 
below the Board, as well as pay and conditions of employees throughout the Group. Other factors considered are 
individual performance, market conditions, the Company’s performance, pay and employment conditions of its other 
employees in the organisation and the need to maintain an economic operation. This policy which is similar to the 
previous approved policy will continue to be consistently applied in the next financial year. This policy including capping 
the remuneration at £90,000 per annum as set out below will continue to be applied for any new appointment. 

The table below summarises the key aspects of the Group’s Remuneration Policy for the Executive Director since 
September 2014 and has remained unchanged since that date. 

Type 

Purpose 

Maximum payment 

Base salary - fixed pay. 

To contain fixed costs.  Capped at £90,000. The cap is reviewed periodically. The 
policy  permits  the cap to  be changed  if  this  is deemed 
necessary  to  meet  business,  legislative  or  regulatory 
requirements. 

There is no bonus, fringe benefits, employee share option scheme or any other variable remuneration for the Executive 
Director. 

The table below summarises the key aspects of the Group’s Remuneration Policy for the Non-Executive Directors. 

Type 

Fees. 

Purpose 
To  attract  and  retain 
individuals with suitable 
knowledge 
and 
experience. 

Maximum payment 
Determined  by  the  Board  within  the  limits  set  by  the 
articles  of  association  and  by  reference  to  comparable 
organisations and to the time commitment expected. 

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66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report 

The Committee periodically assesses the remuneration of the Non-Executive Directors and submits a proposal to the 
Board. Non-Executive Directors’ remuneration consists exclusively of a fixed payment. The Non-Executive Directors 
receive no benefit such as share options or other performance-related elements. 

The  Committee  makes  recommendations  on  senior  management  pay  and  conditions,  after  consultation  with  the 
Chairman. In determining the remuneration policy of senior management, the Committee takes into account the need 
to attract, retain and motivate employees. To promote long-term sustainable success, the Committee makes external 
comparison with the current market trends and practices of equivalent roles taking into account the size, business 
complexity and relative performance. The following is a summary of the key components of remuneration packages of 
senior management: 

Base salary 
Base salaries of senior management are reviewed on an annual basis by the Remuneration Committee or when there 
is a change in the individual’s responsibilities.  

Bonus 
The Group operates a bonus scheme for senior executives and managers of operating units, which is determined by 
weighted performance criteria including crop production, external crop purchase, increases in planted area, efficiency 
of mill performance and overall profitability. There is however no bonus scheme for any of the Directors. 

The operating units in Indonesia and Malaysia have in place a variable compensation policy which over the recent 
years rewarded senior executives and employees with bonuses ranging from one to seven months’ pay based on the 
individual’s and operating units’ performance. The key criteria used in the determination of the variable compensation 
policy for the bonus was revised in 2014 following discussion and consultation with the Company’s Chairman. 

Share options 
The  UK  and  overseas  executive  share  option  schemes  of  the  Company  are  administered  and  supervised  by  a 
committee consisting, in the majority, of Non-Executive Directors. These schemes are limited over their ten-year life 
to issuing no more than 10% of the issued ordinary share capital of the Company from time to time. They provide for 
options to be granted over treasury shares as well as over new shares. To avoid dilution, the Board intends generally 
to follow the treasury share route.  

Individual grants vest over three years. The total grant to each holder is determined by seniority and total market value 
at the date of grant is normally limited to two times base salary. Exercise of options is only permitted three years after 
grant,  provided  that  the  holder  remains  an  employee  of  the  Group  throughout  the  period.  There  are  no  other 
performance criteria for exercise of options granted so far. The Company  has not issued any share options to any 
Directors after 2004. No one in the Company has vested or unvested shares. 

Pensions 
The operating units in Indonesia participate in mandatory pension schemes for their local executives and management. 
There is no company-sponsored scheme for senior executives outside of Indonesia. 

The Group does not seek the advice of an external consultant in determining the salaries of senior management and 
directors. 

No employees or shareholders are specifically consulted on the remuneration policy of the Company. If a significant 
shareholder expresses a particular concern regarding any aspect of the policy, the views expressed would be carefully 
weighed. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report 

Annual Report on Remuneration 

Directors’ remuneration (audited) 
The following part provides details of the remuneration of all the Directors for the year ended 31 December 2020. The 
numerical components of these disclosures have been audited in accordance with Section 421 of the UK Companies 
Act 2006. 

The remuneration of all Directors who served during the year was: 

 Audited information 

Name of Directors 
Executive: 

Dato' John Lim Ewe Chuan (1) 

Non-Executive: 

Lim Siew Kim (2) 

Lim Tian Huat (3) 

Jonathan Law Ngee Song (4) 

Total 

Total 2020 Fixed 
Remuneration 

Total 2019 Fixed 
Remuneration 

$000 

$000 

103 

55 

21 

21 

200 

116 

57 

21 

21 

215 

Directors’ remuneration comprises of directors’ fees only. 

Unaudited information 
Notes: 

(1) Appointed as Executive Director on 1 September 2010. Previously was the Senior Independent Non-Executive Director. 

(2) Appointed on 29 November 1993 and appointed as Non-Executive Chairman on 31 January 2011. 

(3) Appointed on 8 May 2015. 

(4) Appointed on 4 July 2013. 

Executive Director’s/de-facto CEO’s Remuneration over 10 Years 

Year ended 31 Dec 
         2020 
         2019 
         2018 
         2017 
         2016 
         2015 
         2014 
         2013 
         2012 
         2011 

Salary 
$103,000* 
$116,000* 
$123,000* 
$113,000* 
$127,000* 
$137,000* 
$133,000 
$117,000 
$105,000 
$83,000 

Benefit 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Pension 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Bonus 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Total 
$103,000 
$116,000 
$123,000 
$113,000 
$127,000 
$137,000 
$133,000 
$117,000 
$105,000 
$83,000 

* The Executive Director’s basic salary on renewal of contract in September 2020 was revised from £7,500 per month 
(or £90,000 per annum) to £5,250 per month (or £63,000 per annum). The Executive Director’s salary from 2015 to 
2019  was  £90,000  per  annum.  The  fluctuations  shown  above  during  this  period  were  the  result  of  exchange 
translations. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

68 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report 

Relative importance of spend on pay   

 60,000

 50,000

 40,000

$'000

 30,000

 20,000

 10,000

 -

50,686 

48,103 

1,189 

198 

2019        2020                         2019

2020

Total Group Employee Remuneration

Total Dividend Paid

Percentage annual change in Directors’ remuneration and for employees as a whole over FY2020 (not subject 
to audit) 
The Directors have service agreements with AEP Plc, the parent company. The Company has no employees other 
than the directors therefore voluntary disclosure has been given based on the Group’s employee information. 

The  table  below  shows  the  annual  change  in  the  Directors’  pay  compared  with  the  Group’s  average  pay  for  an 
employee for 2019 to 2020.  

Annual change in pay for Directors compared with the Group’s average employees 

Non-Executive Directors 

Executive Director 
Dato’ John Lim 
Ewe Chuan 
2020 
-11% 
Base Salary/fees 
- 
Benefits 
Bonus 
- 
1.  Directors’ remuneration comprises of Directors’ fees only. 
2.  All Directors fees are paid in other currencies and the annual amount remains unchanged in 2020. 

Jonathan Law 
Ngee Song 
- 
- 
- 

Madam Lim 
Siew Kim 
-4% 
- 
- 

Lim Tian Huat 
- 
- 
- 

Group’s 
Average 
Employees 
-6% 
+13% 
-13% 

Service contracts 
All Directors, Executive and Non-Executive, have formal appointment letters. The Executive and Non-Executives are 
appointed normally on a one to two-year term with notice periods of one month to two months. The service contracts 
are kept at the registered office and may be inspected by shareholders on request. Notice periods for all other senior 
management are generally two months. Therefore, any remuneration payment for loss of office will be capped at a 
maximum  of  two  months.  It  is  not  the  Company  policy  to  include  provisions  in  directors’  service  contracts  for 
compensation for early termination beyond providing for an entitlement to payment in lieu of notice if due notice is not 
given. 

The unexpired term of the retiring Directors are: 
Madam Lim Siew Kim                 
Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan   
Lim Tian Huat 
Jonathan Law Ngee Song         

Expiry 30 January 2023 
Expiry 31 August 2021 
Expiry 7 May 2023 
Expiry 3 July 2022 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Remuneration Report 

Performance Graph 
The performance graph is set out on page 4 and shows the Company’s share price performance compared to the 
FTSE 100 index for the period of 2011 to 2020 (last ten years) to indicate the volatility and trend of the market generally. 
Except for two periods, our share price had underperformed the FTSE 100 index. In determining senior management 
compensation, the Remuneration Committee is influenced by the operating performance of the Company and not 
directly by the share price. The FTSE 100 index has been selected for this comparison as there is no index available 
that is specific to the activities of the Company. 

Directors’ interests (audited) 
The interests of the Directors together with those of their immediate families in the securities of the Company were as 
shown below: 

Directors' beneficial interests at 31 December: 

Madam Lim Siew Kim 
Dato' John Lim Ewe Chuan  
Lim Tian Huat  
Jonathan Law Ngee Song 

2020 
Ordinary shares 
20,551,914 

2019 
Ordinary shares 
20,551,914 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

The beneficial interests disclosed for Madam Lim are held by Genton International Ltd and certain other companies of 
which Madam Lim is the controlling shareholder.  

There have been no change in the interests of the Directors in the securities of the Company between 31 December 
2020 and the date of this report. Other than Madam Lim, none of the Directors had any interest in the securities of the 
Company between the date of their appointments and the date of this report. There is no requirement for Directors to 
hold shares in the Company. Other than as set out in notes 7 and 22 to the consolidated financial statements, no 
Director had a material interest in any contract of the Company subsisting during, or at the end of the financial year. 

Jonathan Law Ngee Song 
Chairman, Remuneration Committee                                                                                                         12 May 2021 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 

Opinion on the financial statements 

In our opinion: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s 
affairs as at 31 December 2020 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended; 
the  Group  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  international  accounting 
standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; 
the  Group  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  international  financial 
reporting standards adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies in the European Union; 
the Parent Company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and 
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; 
and, as regards the Group financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. 

We have audited the financial statements of Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc (the ‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries 
(the  ‘Group’)  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2020  which  comprise  the  consolidated  income  statement,  the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of financial position, the consolidated 
statement of changes in equity, the consolidated statement of cash flows, the company balance sheet, the company 
statement of changes in equity and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting 
policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the Group financial statements 
is applicable law and international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006 and international financial reporting standards adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies 
in  the  European  Union.,  The financial  reporting  framework that  has  been applied in  the preparation  of  the  Parent 
Company  financial  statements  is  applicable  law  and  United  Kingdom  Accounting  Standards  including  Financial 
Reporting Standard 101 Reduced Disclosure Framework (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. 
Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial  statements  section  of  our  report.  We  believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we  have  obtained  is  sufficient  and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the audit 
committee.  

Independence 

Following the recommendation of the audit committee, we were appointed by the Board in 2001 to audit the financial 
statements for the year ended 31 December 2001 and subsequent financial periods. The period of total uninterrupted 
engagement including retenders and reappointments is 20 years, covering the years ended 31 December 2001 to 31 
December  2020.  We  remain  independent  of  the  Group  and  the  Parent  Company  in  accordance  with  the  ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard 
as applied to listed public interest entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with 
these requirements. The non-audit services prohibited by that standard were not provided to the Group or the Parent 
Company.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

Conclusions relating to going concern 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting 
in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the Directors’ assessment of the Group 
and the Parent Company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included: 

•  A review of management’s assessment of going concern, including various stress test scenarios, challenge 
of the key assumptions used to make this assessment, such as Crude Palm Oil (‘CPO’) price and Fresh Fruit 
Bunch (‘FFB’) production tonnage, and the impact of a potential shut down of operations related to the Covid-
19 pandemic. These were assessed by reference to external market forecasts, industry production trends 
and experience to date of the impact of Covid-19 on the Group’s operations; and 

•  A review of the adequacy and consistency of disclosures in relation to going concern in the Group financial 

statements with reference to management’s going concern assessment. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions 
that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group or Parent Company’s ability to continue as a 
going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.  

In relation to the Parent Company’s reporting on how it has applied the UK Corporate Governance Code, we have 
nothing material to add or draw attention to in relation to the Directors’ statement in the financial statements about 
whether the Directors considered it appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of accounting. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant 
sections of this report. 

Overview 

Coverage 

Key audit matters 

100% (2019: 100%) of Group revenue 
95% (2019: 88%) of Group total assets 

1. Valuation of estate land 
2. Impairment of plantations classified as PPE 
3. Recoverability of amounts due from cooperatives under Plasma 

scheme 

2020 

2019 

✓ 
✓ 

✓ 
✓ 
✓ 

Recoverability of amounts due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme has been considered 
to be a key audit matter for the current period due to the increasing balance year on year and 
the judgement involved in determining any expected credit losses. 

Materiality 

Group financial statements as a whole 
US$2.5m (2019: US$0.8m) based on 5% (2019: 5%) of profit before tax before biological asset 
movement. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including the Group’s 
system  of  internal  control,  and  assessing  the  risks of  material misstatement in  the  financial  statements.   We  also 
addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including assessing whether there was evidence of 
bias by the Directors that may have represented a risk of material misstatement. 

The Group financial statements are a consolidation of twenty seven companies made up of the Parent Company, a 
principal  sub-holding  company,  three  management  companies,  four  dormant  companies  and  eighteen  operating 
companies. Sixteen of the trading companies are located in Indonesia and two in Malaysia. The head office and main 
accounting  function  is  located  in  Kuala  Lumpur,  Malaysia,  with  a  second  accounting  function  located  in  Medan, 
Indonesia, both at separate locations from the plantations.  

Based on our risk assessment we identified six operating plantation companies which, in our view, are significant 
components and required a full scope audit of their complete financial information due to their size and a further eleven 
which required audit procedures on specific areas due to their risk characteristics. These audits were performed by 
BDO network firms in Indonesia and Malaysia which, together with additional procedures performed at Group level in 
respect of leasehold land and the impairment reviews of bearer plants classified as property, plant and equipment, 
gave us the evidence we needed to form our opinion on the Group financial statements as a whole.  

The  audits  and  specific  audit  procedures  performed  on  each  of  the  operating  companies  identified  above  were 
performed largely by BDO Malaysia and BDO Indonesia, with additional work on the specific risk areas identified as 
Key Audit Matters, together with audit procedures over the Group consolidation, performed by BDO UK. The remaining 
components of the Group were not identified as being significant to the Group and these components were principally 
subject to analytical review procedures performed by the Group audit team. 

As part of the audit strategy, senior members of the Group audit team attended a number of meetings with management 
via videoconference. 

Our involvement with component auditors 

For the work performed by component auditors, we determined the level of involvement needed in order to be able to 
conclude whether sufficient appropriate audit evidence has been obtained as a basis for our opinion on the Group 
financial statements as a whole. In light of the international travel restrictions imposed as a result of the Covid-19 
pandemic, the Group audit team was unable to travel to Indonesia or Malaysia, however were able to communicate 
effectively with component auditors and local management remotely in order to direct the component auditor’s work 
and review and evaluate the results of their work as necessary. Our involvement with component auditors included the 
following: 

•  As part of our audit planning, we held remote planning meetings via video conference with both the Indonesian 
and Malaysian component teams to discuss the Group and local risks identified and to agree the testing 
approach and audit timelines. The planning documentation on the respective audit files was also reviewed. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

73 

 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

•  We  performed  a  remote  review  of  the  complete  audit  files  for  the  six  operating  plantation  companies  in 
Indonesia considered to be significant by size and focused on the audit work in relation to the specific areas 
identified for the remaining eleven companies, in both Indonesia and Malaysia, considered to be significant 
due to their risk characteristics. Following the review, any further work required by the Group audit team was 
performed by the component auditors. The component auditors visit the plantation estates on a rotational 
basis so that each estate is visited at least once every three years and this was still permissible for the current 
year audit under local Covid-19 restrictions.   

•  At the completion stage, we attended meetings with local audit teams and reviewed component audit teams’ 
reporting, addressing risks and specific procedures raised. Discussions were held with Group management 
to discuss the findings from our audit, including adjustments raised. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the 
financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement 
(whether or not due to fraud) that we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit 
strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit, and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were 
addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and 
we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

Key audit matter  

Valuation  of 
leasehold 
land  

(note  2(g)  and 
note 11) 

Leasehold  land  is  carried  at  fair  value,  based  on 
valuations performed rotationally by management’s 
external  expert  on  an  open  market  basis.  Where 
land was not valued externally at the year end date, 
the  Directors  performed  their  own  valuation  by 
considering  the  movements  on  the  independently 
valued land from the prior year and applying those 
same movements to land in the same geographical 
region.  All  land  has  been  professionally  valued  at 
least once at the current or previous financial year 
end. 

We identified the valuation of leasehold land as a risk 
due  to  the  subjective  judgements  involved  in  the 
estimation, the differing categories of land title that 
can  be  applied  and  the  potential  for  management 
bias..   

How the scope of our audit addressed 
the key audit matter 

assessed 

We 
independence, 
the 
capabilities, objectivity and competence of 
management’s expert. 

We  challenged  the  assumptions  applied 
by  management’s  expert,  verified,  on  a 
sample  basis,  input  data  relating  to  land 
area  and  title  to  title  documentation  and 
assessed 
the 
movements in the valuation on an estate 
by estate basis in light of market valuation 
trends. 

the  reasonableness  of 

their  rationale 

We  challenged  the  assumptions  applied 
by  the  Directors  in  their  own  valuation, 
most  notably 
the 
application of the movements determined 
by management’s expert to the remaining 
estates,  based  on 
their  geographical 
location.  

for 

Key observations: Based on the procedures we performed, we identified no changes to key assumptions that 
would result in material changes to the valuation. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

Key audit matter  

Impairment  of 
plantations 
classified  as 
PPE  

(note  2(g)  and 
note 11) 

Plantations, or bearer plants, fall within the scope of 
IAS  16  –  Property,  Plant  and  Equipment  and  are 
therefore held at historical cost less depreciation. At 
the end of each reporting period, the Directors are 
required  to  assess  whether  there  is  any  indication 
that an asset may be impaired, or whether there is 
an 
recognised 
impairment may be reversed. If any such indication 
exists, the Directors shall estimate the recoverable 
amount of the asset.  

than  a  previously 

indication 

review 

impairment 

identified  an 

The  Directors  have 
indicator  of 
impairment  on  two  plantations  and  an  indicator  of 
impairment reversal on a further two plantations and 
having engaged an external expert, have carried out 
an 
those  plantations, 
calculating the recoverable amount to be the asset’s 
value  in  use.  The  Directors  exercise  significant 
judgement 
underlying 
determining 
assumptions used in this calculation, considered to 
be  CPO  price  and  the  discount  rate,  for  which 
disclosure is given around their sensitivity.  

the 

for 

in 

How the scope of our audit addressed 
the key audit matter 

assessed 

independence, 
the 
We 
capabilities, objectivity and competence of 
management’s expert.  

We  performed  our  own  assessment  for 
indicators  of 
impairment  across  all 
plantations based on performance against 
production budget. 

We  challenged  the  assumptions  in  the 
underlying  data  made  by  the expert  and 
management 
discussions, 
through 
corroboration 
independent  external 
data sources in respect of CPO price and 
FFB  production  and,  where  available, 
through  corroboration 
to  supporting 
documentation and historical trends. 

to 

the  discount 

With  the  use  of  our  internal  expert  we 
recalculated 
to 
determine an acceptable range which was 
the  rate  calculated  by 
compared 
management’s expert. 

rate 

to 

We identified the impairment of plantations as a key 
audit  matter  due  to  the  significant  judgement  and 
assumptions involved in its assessment. 

We performed sensitivity analysis on the 
CPO price assumption. 

to 

the 
The 
calculations 
disclosures  given 
the 
in 
sensitivity of CPO price, discount rate and 
inflation rate were re-performed. 

support 
respect  of 

Key observations: Based on the procedures we performed, we found the key assumptions used by the Directors 
in assessing any impairment losses to be recognised or reversed to be appropriate. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

Key audit matter  

Recoverability 
amounts 
of 
due 
from 
cooperatives 
under  Plasma 
scheme 

(note  2(l),  note 
12 and note 15) 

In  accordance  with  Indonesian  Law,  the  Group  is 
required to facilitate the development of community 
gardens,  in  this  case  palm  oil  plantations,  in 
partnership  with  cooperatives  under  the  Plasma 
scheme. The associated costs incurred by the Group 
in developing plantations on behalf of, and repayable 
by,  the  Plasma  scheme  are  held  as  non-current 
receivables. In some instances, the Group will assist 
the  Plasma  cooperatives  in  obtaining  a  bank  loan 
and will provide any necessary guarantee. 

Both the receivables themselves and the guarantees 
fall within the scope of IFRS 9 for assessment under 
the expected credit loss model.  

The  Directors  have  measured  the  expected  credit 
losses as the excess of the receivable above the fair 
value of the land and bearer plants operated by the 
Plasma cooperative, being the minimum recoverable 
amount. The greatest risk of expected credit loss is 
with  those  companies  that  have  also  recognised 
impairment  on  their  own  bearer  plants  due  to 
underperformance. 

We identified the recoverability of amounts due from 
cooperatives under Plasma scheme as a key audit 
judgement  and 
the  significant 
matter  due 
assumptions  involved  in  determining  the  expected 
credit losses. 

to 

How the scope of our audit addressed 
the key audit matter 

We obtained direct confirmation from each 
of  the  respective  cooperatives  of  the 
balance  owing 
them  as  at  31 
from 
December 2020. 

We checked the arithmetic accuracy of the 
model  and verified  the  significant  inputs, 
being the fair value of the land and bearer 
plants  attributed  to  the  Plasma  area, 
which  apply  the  same  assumptions  that 
have  been  tested  in  the  other  Key  Audit 
Matters above. 

possible 

outcomes 

We  discussed  the  reasonableness  of 
other 
with 
management regarding the recoverability 
of  the  non-current  receivables,  including 
staged  repayment  through  the  purchase 
of the Plasma scheme’s FFB produce and 
full 
the  Plasma 
cooperative obtaining a bank loan, with a 
probability weighting given to each. 

repayment 

through 

Key  observations:  Based  on  the  procedures  we  performed,  we  identified  no  changes  to  probability  weighted 
outcomes that would result in a material change to the expected credit losses recognised. 

Our application of materiality 

We  apply  the  concept  of  materiality  both  in  planning  and  performing  our  audit,  and  in  evaluating  the  effect  of 
misstatements.   We  consider  materiality  to  be the  magnitude  by  which  misstatements,  including  omissions,  could 
influence the economic decisions of reasonable users that are taken on the basis of the financial statements.  

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, we use a 
lower materiality level, performance materiality, to determine the extent of testing needed. Importantly, misstatements 
below these levels will not necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the nature of identified 
misstatements,  and  the  particular  circumstances  of  their  occurrence,  when  evaluating  their  effect  on  the  financial 
statements as a whole.  

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76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

Based  on  our  professional  judgement,  we  determined  materiality  for  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole  and 
performance materiality as follows: 

Materiality 

Basis for determining 
materiality 

Rationale for the 
benchmark applied 

Group financial statements 
2019 
US$800,000 

2020 
US$2,500,000 

Parent Company financial statements 

2020 
US$1,200,000 

2019 
US$720,000 

5% of profit before 
before 
tax 
biological 
asset 
movement 

5% of profit before 
before 
tax 
biological 
asset 
movement 

Profit before tax before biological asset 
movement  was  selected  as 
the 
benchmark  for  determining  materiality 
for the Group financial statements as it 
is considered to be the key indicator of 
the Group’s financial performance. 

2% of total assets 

capped  at  90%  of 
Group materiality 

Capped  at  90%  of 
Group  materiality 
the 
given 
assessment  of  the 
components’ 
aggregation risk 

Total  assets  was 
the 
selected  as 
for 
benchmark 
determining 
materiality  for  the 
Parent Company’s 
financial 
statements since it 
is held primarily for 
investment 
purposes. 

Performance materiality 

US$1,900,000 

US$600,000 

US$900,000 

US$540,000 

Basis for determining 
performance materiality 

75% of materiality having considered a number of aspects including the expected 
total  value  of  known  and  likely  misstatements  based  on  previous  assurance 
engagements and other factors. 

Component materiality 

We set materiality for each component of the Group based on a percentage of between 0.16% and 88% (2019: 0.5% 
and 90%) of Group materiality dependent on the size and our assessment of the risk of material misstatement of that 
component.  Component materiality ranged from US$4,000 to US$2,200,000 (2019: US$4,000 to US$720,000). In the 
audit of each component, we further applied performance materiality levels of 75% of the component materiality to our 
testing to ensure that the risk of errors exceeding component materiality was appropriately mitigated. 

Reporting threshold   

We  agreed  with  the  Audit  Committee  that  we  would  report  to  them  all  individual  audit  differences  in  excess  of 
US$50,000 (2019: US$16,000).  We also agreed to report differences below this threshold that, in our view, warranted 
reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

77 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 

(continued) 

Other information 

The Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in 
the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial 
statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we 
do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in 
doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our 
knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such 
material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to 
a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude 
that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Corporate governance statement 

The Listing Rules require us to review the Directors’ statement in relation to going concern, longer-term viability and 
that part of the Corporate Governance Statement relating to the Parent Company’s compliance with the provisions of 
the UK Corporate Governance Statement specified for our review.  

Based on the work undertaken as part of our audit, we have concluded that each of the following elements of the 
Corporate Governance Statement is materially consistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained 
during the audit.  

Going  concern 
and longer-term 
viability 

•  The  Directors'  statement  with  regards  to  the appropriateness  of adopting  the  going 
concern basis of accounting and any material uncertainties identified set out on page 
15; and 

•  The Directors’ explanation as to its assessment of the entity’s prospects, the period 

this assessment covers and why the period is appropriate set out on page 15. 

Other 
provisions  

Code 

•  Directors' statement on fair, balanced and understandable set out on page 52;  
•  Board’s confirmation that it has carried out a robust assessment of the emerging and 

principal risks set out on page 34;  

•  The  section  of  the  annual  report  that  describes  the  review  of  effectiveness  of  risk 

management and internal control systems set out on pages 63 and 64; and 
•  The section describing the work of the audit committee set out on pages 60 to 64. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

Other Companies Act 2006 reporting 

Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, we are required 
by the Companies Act 2006 and ISAs (UK) to report on certain opinions and matters as described below.   

Strategic report 
and Directors’ 
report  

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 
• 

the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors’ report for the financial year 
for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; 
and 
the  Strategic  report  and  the  Directors’  report  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
applicable legal requirements. 

• 

In  the  light  of  the  knowledge  and  understanding  of  the  Group  and  Parent  Company  and  its 
environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements 
in the strategic report or the Directors’ report. 

Directors’ 
remuneration 

In our opinion, the part of the Directors’ remuneration report to be audited has been properly 
prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006. 

Matters on 
which we are 
required to 
report by 
exception 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the 
Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 

•  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns 
adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
the Parent Company financial statements and the part of the Directors’ remuneration 
report to be audited are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
• 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the Directors’ responsibilities statement, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of 
the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the 
Directors  determine  is  necessary  to  enable  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  that  are  free  from  material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  financial  statements,  the  Directors  are  responsible  for  assessing  the  Group’s  and  the  Parent 
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using 
the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company 
or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from 
material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with 
ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and 
are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  they  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  influence  the 
economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Extent to which the audit was capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in 
line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including 
fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

•  We gained an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework applicable to the Group and the industry 
in which it operates, and considered the risk of acts by the Group that were contrary to applicable laws and 
regulations, including fraud. 

•  We considered the Group’s compliance with laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the financial 
statements including, but not limited to, the Companies Act 2006, the UK Listing Rules, certain requirements 
from the UK, Indonesia and Malaysia Finance Acts, the requirements of the Anti-Bribery and Corruption Acts 
in the UK, Indonesia and Malaysia, taxation laws in the UK, Indonesia and Malaysia, Indonesian land laws 
and the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) and Malaysian Sustainable Pail Oil (MSPO) certification 
schemes, and we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the Group 
financial statements. 

•  We designed audit procedures to identify instances of non-compliance with such laws and regulations. Our 
procedures  included  reviewing  the  financial  statement  disclosures  and  agreeing  to  underlying  supporting 
documentation where necessary. We reviewed internal audit reports and minutes of all Board and Committee 
meetings held throughout the year and subsequent to the year end for any indicators of non-compliance and 
made enquiries of management and of the Directors as to the risks of non-compliance and any instances 
thereof.  

•  We discussed among the engagement team and relevant internal technical experts  how and where non-
compliance with laws and regulations and fraud might occur in the financial statements and any potential 
indicators of fraud.  

•  We addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, considered to be in connection with the 
posting  of  inappropriate  journals  and  bias  in significant  management  estimates  and  judgements,  through 
testing journal entries processed during the year and subsequent to the year end which met a specific criteria, 
particularly with regard to revenue postings with unusual account combinations and consolidation journals, 
and evaluating whether there was evidence of bias in setting significant estimates and judgements by the 
Directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud (refer to Key Audit Matter above). 

Our  audit  procedures  were  designed  to  respond  to  risks  of  material  misstatement  in  the  financial  statements, 
recognising that the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting 
one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery, misrepresentations or 
through  collusion.  There  are  inherent  limitations  in  the  audit  procedures  performed  and  the  further  removed  non-
compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less 
likely we are to become aware of it. 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  is  available  on  the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s  website  at: 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

80 

 
 
Auditor’s Report 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF ANGLO-EASTERN PLANTATIONS PLC 
(continued) 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of 
the  Companies  Act  2006.   Our  audit  work has  been  undertaken so  that  we might  state to  the  Parent  Company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To the fullest 
extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Parent Company and the 
Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Nigel Harker (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of BDO LLP, Statutory Auditor 
London 
United Kingdom 

12 May 2021 

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales (with registered number OC305127). 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Income Statement 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Continuing operations 

Note 

2020 

Result 
before 
BA 
movement* 

BA 
movement 

Total 

Result 
before 
BA 
movement 

2019 

BA 
movement 

Revenue 

Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Administration expenses 

Reversal of impairment 

Provision for expected credit loss 

Operating profit 

Exchange (losses) / gains 

Finance income 

Finance expense 

Profit before tax 

Tax expense 

Profit for the year 

Attributable to: 

  -  Owners of the parent 

  -  Non-controlling interests 

Earnings per share for profit 

attributable to the owners of the 
parent during the year 

-  basic 

-  diluted 

3 

11 

15 

4 

4 

5 

8 

9 

9 

$000 

269,060 

$000 

$000 

$000 

- 

269,060 

219,136 

(213,370) 

1,274 

(212,096) 

(199,515) 

55,690 

1,274 

56,964 

(8,134) 

2,008 

(1,485) 

- 

- 

- 

(8,134) 

2,008 

(1,485) 

48,079 

1,274 

49,353 

(268) 

2,876 

(292) 

- 

- 

- 

(268) 

2,876 

(292) 

50,395 

1,274 

51,669 

(13,660) 

(66) 

(13,726) 

36,735 

1,208 

37,943 

19,621 

(8,068) 

6,590 

(5,965) 

12,178 

251 

4,169 

(980) 

15,618 

(1,885) 

13,733 

30,784 

5,951 

36,735 

1,051 

31,835 

14,019 

157 

6,108 

(286) 

1,208 

37,943 

13,733 

$000 

- 

3,255 

3,255 

- 

- 

- 

3,255 

- 

- 

- 

3,255 

(814) 

2,441 

2,077 

364 

2,441 

80.32cts 

80.32cts 

Total 

$000 

219,136 

(196,260) 

22,876 

(8,068) 

6,590 

(5,965) 

15,433 

251 

4,169 

(980) 

18,873 

(2,699) 

16,174 

16,096 

78 

16,174 

40.61cts 

40.61cts 

Earnings per share before BA movement are shown in note 9.  

* The total column represents the IFRS figures and the result before BA movement is an Alternative Performance Measure (“APM”). We have 
opted to additionally disclose this APM as the BA movement is considered to be a fair value calculation which does not appropriately represent 
the Group’s result for the year. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated income statement. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Profit for the year 

Other comprehensive (expenses) / income: 

Items may be reclassified to profit or loss: 

   (Loss) / Gain on exchange translation of foreign operations 

Net other comprehensive (expenses) / income may be reclassified to profit or loss 

Items not to be reclassified to profit or loss: 

   Unrealised gain / (loss) on revaluation of leasehold land, net of tax 

   Remeasurement of retirement benefits plan, net of tax 

Net other comprehensive income / (expenses) not being reclassified to profit or loss 

Total other comprehensive (expenses) / income for the year, net of tax 

2020 
$000 

2019 
$000 

37,943 

16,174 

(5,490) 

(5,490) 

1,309 

(649) 

660 

(4,830) 

18,680 

18,680 

(1,715) 

(768) 

(2,483) 

16,197 

Total comprehensive income for the year 

33,113 

32,371 

Attributable to: 

  -  Owners of the parent 

  -  Non-controlling interests 

27,722 

5,391 

33,113 

28,550 

3,821 

32,371 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated statement of comprehensive income. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
As at 31 December 2020 

Company Number: 1884630 

Non-current assets 

Property, plant and equipment 

Receivables 

Deferred tax assets 

Current assets 

Inventories 

Income tax receivables 

Other tax receivable 

Biological assets 

Trade and other receivables 

Short-term investments 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Current liabilities 

Loans and borrowings 

Trade and other payables 

Income tax liabilities 

Other tax liabilities 

Dividend payables 

Lease liabilities 

Net current assets 

Non-current liabilities 

Deferred tax liabilities  

Retirement benefits - net liabilities 

Lease liabilities 

Net assets 

Issued capital and reserves attributable to owners of the parent  

Share capital 

Treasury shares 

Share premium  

Capital redemption reserve 

Revaluation reserves 

Exchange reserves 

Retained earnings 

Non-controlling interests 

Total equity 

Note 

31.12.2020 
$000 

31.12.2019 
$000 

11 

12 

18 

13 

8 

8 

14 

15 

28 

16 

17 

8 

8 

29 

18 

19 

29 

20 

20 

365,353 

22,236 

8,817 

396,406 

12,541 

10,071 

41,618 

8,783 

4,693 

1,957 

115,211 

194,874 

- 

(26,310) 

(5,981) 

(1,089) 

(24) 

(236) 

(33,640) 

161,234 

(15,467) 

(13,383) 

(217) 

(29,067) 

528,573 

15,504 

(1,171) 

23,935 

1,087 

49,367 

(233,534) 

573,493 
428,681 
99,892 

528,573 

367,891 

16,500 

11,251 

395,642 

8,752 

14,348 

35,179 

7,574 

5,774 

- 

84,846 

156,473 

(8,203) 

(16,110) 

(1,512) 

(1,386) 

(23) 

(222) 

(27,456) 

129,017 

(17,047) 

(11,338) 

(456) 

(28,841) 

495,818 

15,504 

(1,171) 

23,935 

1,087 

48,413 

(229,026) 

542,415 
401,157 
94,661 

495,818 

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 12 May 2021 and were signed on its behalf by:   

Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan 
Executive Director, Corporate Finance and Corporate Affairs 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated statement of financial position. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity For the year ended 31 December 2020  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 85  Note Share capital Treasury shares Share premium Capital redemption reserve Revaluation reserves Exchange reserves Retained earnings Total Non-controlling interests Total equity   $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000             Balance at 31 December 2018  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 51,308 (245,170) 526,487 371,980 92,601 464,581 Items of other comprehensive (expenses) / income            -Unrealised (loss) / gain on revaluation of leasehold land, net of tax  11  -  -  -  -  (3,040)  1,211  -  (1,829)  114  (1,715) -Remeasurement of retirement benefit plan, net of tax 19 - - - - - - (650) (650) (118) (768) -Gain on exchange translation of foreign operations  - - - - - 14,933 - 14,933 3,747 18,680 Total other comprehensive (expenses) / income  - - - - (3,040) 16,144 (650) 12,454 3,743 16,197 Profit for the year  - - - - - - 16,096 16,096 78 16,174 Total comprehensive (expenses) / income for the year  - - - - (3,040) 16,144 15,446 28,550 3,821 32,371 Issue of subsidiaries shares to non-controlling interests  - - - - - - - - 512 512 Accretion from change in stake  - - - - 145 - 1,671 1,816 (1,816) - Dividends paid  - - - - - - (1,189) (1,189) (457) (1,646) Balance at 31 December 2019  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 48,413 (229,026) 542,415 401,157 94,661 495,818 Items of other comprehensive income            -Unrealised gain on revaluation of leasehold land, net of tax  11  -  -  -  - 954 - - 954 355 1,309 -Remeasurement of retirement benefit plan, net of tax 19 - - - - - - (559) (559) (90) (649) -Loss on exchange translation of foreign operations  - - - - - (4,508) - (4,508) (982) (5,490) Total other comprehensive income / (expenses)  - - - - 954 (4,508) (559) (4,113) (717) (4,830) Profit for the year  - - - - - - 31,835 31,835 6,108 37,943 Total comprehensive income / (expenses) for the year  - - - - 954 (4,508) 31,276 27,722 5,391 33,113 Dividends paid  - - - - - - (198) (198) (160) (358) Balance at 31 December 2020  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 49,367 (233,534) 573,493 428,681 99,892 528,573 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity For the year ended 31 December 2020  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 85  Note Share capital Treasury shares Share premium Capital redemption reserve Revaluation reserves Exchange reserves Retained earnings Total Non-controlling interests Total equity   $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000             Balance at 31 December 2018  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 51,308 (245,170) 526,487 371,980 92,601 464,581 Items of other comprehensive (expenses) / income            -Unrealised (loss) / gain on revaluation of leasehold land, net of tax  11  -  -  -  -  (3,040)  1,211  -  (1,829)  114  (1,715) -Remeasurement of retirement benefit plan, net of tax 19 - - - - - - (650) (650) (118) (768) -Gain on exchange translation of foreign operations  - - - - - 14,933 - 14,933 3,747 18,680 Total other comprehensive (expenses) / income  - - - - (3,040) 16,144 (650) 12,454 3,743 16,197 Profit for the year  - - - - - - 16,096 16,096 78 16,174 Total comprehensive (expenses) / income for the year  - - - - (3,040) 16,144 15,446 28,550 3,821 32,371 Issue of subsidiaries shares to non-controlling interests  - - - - - - - - 512 512 Accretion from change in stake  - - - - 145 - 1,671 1,816 (1,816) - Dividends paid  - - - - - - (1,189) (1,189) (457) (1,646) Balance at 31 December 2019  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 48,413 (229,026) 542,415 401,157 94,661 495,818 Items of other comprehensive income            -Unrealised gain on revaluation of leasehold land, net of tax  11  -  -  -  - 954 - - 954 355 1,309 -Remeasurement of retirement benefit plan, net of tax 19 - - - - - - (559) (559) (90) (649) -Loss on exchange translation of foreign operations  - - - - - (4,508) - (4,508) (982) (5,490) Total other comprehensive income / (expenses)  - - - - 954 (4,508) (559) (4,113) (717) (4,830) Profit for the year  - - - - - - 31,835 31,835 6,108 37,943 Total comprehensive income / (expenses) for the year  - - - - 954 (4,508) 31,276 27,722 5,391 33,113 Dividends paid  - - - - - - (198) (198) (160) (358) Balance at 31 December 2020  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 49,367 (233,534) 573,493 428,681 99,892 528,573 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity For the year ended 31 December 2020  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 85  Note Share capital Treasury shares Share premium Capital redemption reserve Revaluation reserves Exchange reserves Retained earnings Total Non-controlling interests Total equity   $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000             Balance at 31 December 2018  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 51,308 (245,170) 526,487 371,980 92,601 464,581 Items of other comprehensive (expenses) / income            -Unrealised (loss) / gain on revaluation of leasehold land, net of tax  11  -  -  -  -  (3,040)  1,211  -  (1,829)  114  (1,715) -Remeasurement of retirement benefit plan, net of tax 19 - - - - - - (650) (650) (118) (768) -Gain on exchange translation of foreign operations  - - - - - 14,933 - 14,933 3,747 18,680 Total other comprehensive (expenses) / income  - - - - (3,040) 16,144 (650) 12,454 3,743 16,197 Profit for the year  - - - - - - 16,096 16,096 78 16,174 Total comprehensive (expenses) / income for the year  - - - - (3,040) 16,144 15,446 28,550 3,821 32,371 Issue of subsidiaries shares to non-controlling interests  - - - - - - - - 512 512 Accretion from change in stake  - - - - 145 - 1,671 1,816 (1,816) - Dividends paid  - - - - - - (1,189) (1,189) (457) (1,646) Balance at 31 December 2019  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 48,413 (229,026) 542,415 401,157 94,661 495,818 Items of other comprehensive income            -Unrealised gain on revaluation of leasehold land, net of tax  11  -  -  -  - 954 - - 954 355 1,309 -Remeasurement of retirement benefit plan, net of tax 19 - - - - - - (559) (559) (90) (649) -Loss on exchange translation of foreign operations  - - - - - (4,508) - (4,508) (982) (5,490) Total other comprehensive income / (expenses)  - - - - 954 (4,508) (559) (4,113) (717) (4,830) Profit for the year  - - - - - - 31,835 31,835 6,108 37,943 Total comprehensive income / (expenses) for the year  - - - - 954 (4,508) 31,276 27,722 5,391 33,113 Dividends paid  - - - - - - (198) (198) (160) (358) Balance at 31 December 2020  15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 49,367 (233,534) 573,493 428,681 99,892 528,573 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Cash flows from operating activities 

Profit before tax 

Adjustments for: 

BA movement 

Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment 

Depreciation 

Retirement benefit provisions 

Net finance income 

Unrealised loss / (gain) in foreign exchange 

Property, plant and equipment written off 

Reversal of impairment 

Provision for expected credit loss 

Operating cash flows before changes in working capital  

 (Increase) / Decrease in inventories 

 Increase in non-current, trade and other receivables   

Increase / (Decrease) in trade and other payables 

Cash inflows from operations 

Interest paid 

Retirement benefits paid 

Overseas tax paid 

Net cash flows from operating activities 

Investing activities 

Property, plant and equipment 

-  purchases 

-  sales 

Interest received 

Increase in receivables from cooperatives under plasma scheme 

Placement of fixed deposits with original maturity of more than three months 

2020 
$000 

2019 
$000 

51,669 

18,873 

(1,274) 

(2) 

18,143 

1,793 

(2,584) 

268 

587 

(2,008) 

1,485 

68,077 

(3,915) 

(12) 

10,554 

74,704 

(258) 

(434) 

(8,917) 

65,095 

(3,255) 

(83) 

18,590 

2,152 

(3,189) 

(251) 

261 

(6,590) 

5,965 

32,473 

1,185 

(1,586) 

(4,629) 

27,443 

(939) 

(475) 

(11,438) 

14,591 

(21,277) 

(33,169) 

83 

2,876 

(4,563) 

(1,957) 

135 

4,169 

(5,116) 

- 

Net cash used in investing activities 

(24,838) 

(33,981) 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Financing activities 

Dividends paid to the holders of the parent 

Dividends paid to non-controlling interests 

Issue of subsidiaries shares to non-controlling interests 

Repayment of existing long-term loans 

Repayment of lease liabilities - principal 

Repayment of lease liabilities - interest 

Net cash used in financing activities 

Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents  

At beginning of year 

Exchange (losses) / gains 

At end of year 

Comprising: 

Cash at end of year 

Note 

2020 
$000 

(197) 

(160) 

- 

(8,167) 

(223) 

(34) 

(8,781) 

31,476 

2019 
$000 

(1,240) 

(457) 

512 

(11,078) 

(169) 

(41) 

(12,473) 

(31,863) 

84,846 

(1,111) 

115,211 

112,212 

4,497 

84,846 

28 

115,211 

84,846 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this consolidated statement of cash flows. 

.

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

1  Basis of preparation 

AEP is a company incorporated in the UK under the Companies Act 2006 and is listed on the London Stock Exchange. The registered office 
of AEP is located at Quadrant House, 6th Floor, 4 Thomas More Square, London E1W 1YW, UK. The principal activity of the Group is plantation 
agriculture, mainly in the cultivation of oil palm in Indonesia and Malaysia, of which Indonesia is the principal place of business. 

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. These policies have 
been consistently applied to all years presented, except as detailed in the following paragraph. 

Basis of preparation 
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006 and in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 
1606/2002 as it applies in the EU. 

The Directors have a reasonable expectation, having made the appropriate enquiries, that the Group has control of the monthly cash flows 
and that the Group has sufficient cash resources to cover the fixed cash flows for a period of at least twelve months from the date of approval 
of these financial statements. For these reasons, the Directors adopted a going concern basis in preparation of the financial statements. The 
Directors have made this assessment after consideration of the Group’s budgeted cash flows and related assumptions including appropriate 
stress testing of identified uncertainties, specifically on the potential shut down of the entire operations from three to twelve months if all the 
plantations are infected with Coronavirus as well as the impact on the demand for palm oil with decreases of 50% to 100%. Stress testing of 
other identified uncertainties and risks such as commodity prices and currency exchange rates were also undertaken. 

Changes in accounting standards 
(a)  New standards, interpretations and amendments effective in the current year 

The following amendments are effective for the first time for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2020 in these financial 
statements: 
• 
• 

Amendments to references in the conceptual framework in IFRS Standards 
IAS 1 and IAS 8 (amendments) Definition of material 

These new and amended standards and Interpretations that apply for the first time in these financial statements have not significantly 
impacted the Group as they are either not relevant to the Group’s current activities or require accounting which is consistent with the 
Group’s existing accounting policies.  

(b)  New standards, interpretations and amendments not yet effective. 

The following new standards, interpretations and amendments are effective for future periods (as indicated) and have not been applied 
in these financial statements: 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Annual improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 (1 January 2022, not yet endorsed) 
IAS 1 (amendments) Classification of liabilities as current or non-current (1 January 2023, not yet endorsed) 
IAS 1 (amendments) and IFRS Practice Statement 2 Disclosure of Accounting Policies (1 January 2023, not yet endorsed) 
IAS 8 (amendments) Definition of Accounting Estimates (1 January 2023, not yet endorsed) 

None of the above new standards, interpretations and amendments are expected to have a material effect on the Group's future financial 
statements. 

2  Accounting policies 

(a)  Basis of consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company (its 
subsidiaries) made up to 31 December each year. The Company controls a subsidiary if all three of the following elements are present; 
power over the subsidiary, exposure to variable returns from the subsidiary, and the ability of the investor to use its power to affect those 
variable returns. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control 
commences until the date control ceases. In respect of cooperatives under the Plasma scheme, the Group has not consolidated these 
results on the basis that the Company does not have control over those entities. 

(b)  Business combinations 

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the results of business combinations using the purchase method. In the consolidated 
statement of financial position, the acquiree’s identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are initially recognised at their fair 
values at the acquisition date. Acquisitions of entities that comprise principally land with no active plantation business do not represent 
business combinations, in such cases, the amount paid for each acquisition is allocated between the identifiable assets/liabilities at the 
acquisition date. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

2  Accounting policies - continued 

(c) 

Foreign currency 
The individual financial statements of each subsidiary are presented in the currency of the country in which it operates (its functional 
currency), being the currency in which the majority of their transactions are denominated, with the exception of the Company and its UK 
subsidiaries which are presented in US Dollar. The presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements is also US Dollar, 
chosen because, as internationally traded commodities, the price of the bulk of the Group’s products are ultimately linked to the US 
Dollar. 

On  consolidation,  the  results  of  overseas  operations  are  translated  into  US  Dollar  at  average  exchange  rates  for  the  year  unless 
exchange rates fluctuate significantly in which case the actual rate is used. All assets and liabilities of overseas operations are translated 
at the rate ruling at the balance sheet date. Exchange differences arising on re-translating the opening net assets at opening rate and 
the  results  of  overseas  operations  at  actual  rate  are  recognised  directly  in  equity  (the  “exchange  reserves”).  Exchange  differences 
recognised in the income statement  of Group entities’ separate financial statements on the translation of long-term monetary items 
forming part of the Group’s net investment in the overseas operation concerned are reclassified to the exchange reserves if the item is 
denominated in the presentational currency of the Group or of the overseas operation concerned. 

On disposal of a foreign operation, the cumulative exchange differences recognised in the exchange reserves relating to that operation 
up to the date of disposal are transferred to the income statement as part of the profit or loss on disposal. 

All other exchange profits or losses are credited or charged to the income statement.   

(d)  Revenue recognition 

The Group derives its revenue from the sale of CPO, palm kernel, FFB, shell nut, biomass products, biogas products and rubber slab. 
Revenue for CPO, palm kernel and shell nut are recorded net of sales and related taxes and levies, including export taxes and recognised 
when the delivery order is issued to a purchaser. The delivery order is not issued until goods are paid for. Revenue for FFB, biomass 
and biogas are recognised upon delivery. Sales of rubber slab are recognised on signing of the sales contract, this being the point at 
which control is transferred to the buyer.  

The transacted price for each product is based on the market price or predetermined monthly contract value. There is no right of return 
nor warranty provided to the customers on the sale of products and services rendered.  

(e) 

Tax 
UK and foreign corporation tax are provided at amounts expected to be paid or recovered using the tax rates and laws that have been 
enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. 

The directors consider that the carrying amount of tax receivables approximates its fair value. 

(f) 

Dividends 
Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. The Company pays only one dividend each year as a final dividend 
which becomes legally payable when approved by the shareholders at the next annual general meeting. 

(g)  Property, plant and equipment 

All items of property, plant and equipment are initially measured at cost. Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the 
acquisition of the items. After initial recognition, all items of property, plant and equipment except land and construction in progress, are 
stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. 

Plantations  comprise  of  the  cost  of  planting  and  development  of  oil  palm  and  other  plantation  crops.  Costs  of  new  planting  and 
development  of  plantation  crops  are  capitalised  from  the  stage  of  land  clearing  up  to  the  stage  of  maturity.  The  costs  of  immature 
plantations consist mainly of the accumulated cost of land clearing, planting, fertilising and maintaining the plantation, borrowing costs 
and  other  indirect  overhead  costs  up  to  the  time  the  trees  are  harvestable  and  to  the  extent  appropriate.  Oil  palm  plantations  are 
considered mature within three to four years after planting and generating average annual CPO of four to six metric tons per hectare. 
Immature plantations are not depreciated. 

The Indonesian authorities have granted certain land exploitation rights and operating permits for the estates. The land rights are usually 
renewed without significant cost subject to compliance with the laws and regulations of Indonesia therefore, the Group has classified the 
land rights as leasehold land. The leasehold land is recognised at cost initially and is not depreciated. Costs include the initial cost of 
obtaining the location permits and subsequent payments to compensate existing land owners plus any legal costs incurred to acquire 
the necessary land exploitation rights. Location permits are subsequently carried at fair value while the subsequent amounts are carried 
at cost until the exploitation rights have been awarded, at which point they will also be carried at fair value. Fair value is determined based 
on periodic valuations on an open market basis by a professionally qualified valuer. These revaluations are made with sufficient regularity 
to ensure that the carrying amount does not differ materially from that which would be determined using fair value at the end of the 
reporting  period.  Changes  in  fair  value  are  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  and  accumulated  in  the  revaluation  reserve 
except  to  the  extent  that  any  decrease  in  value  in  excess  of  the  credit  balance  on  the  revaluation  reserve,  or  reversal  of  such  a 
transaction, is recognised in income statement. On the disposal of a revalued estate, any related balance remaining in the revaluation 
reserve is transferred to retained earnings as a movement in reserves. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

2  Accounting policies - continued 

(g)  Property, plant and equipment - continued 

Construction in progress is stated at cost. The accumulated costs will be reclassified to the appropriate class of assets when construction 
is completed and the asset is ready for its intended use. Construction in progress is also not depreciated until such time when the asset 
is available for use. 

Interest on third party loans directly related to field development is capitalised in the proportion that the opening immature area bears to 
the total planted area of the relevant estate. Interest on loans related to construction in progress (such as an oil mill) is capitalised up to 
the commissioning of that asset. These interest rates are booked at the rate prevailing at the time. 

Plantations, buildings and oil mills are depreciated using the straight-line method. All other property, plant and equipment items are 
depreciated using the double-declining-balance method. The yearly rates of depreciation are as follows: 

Plantations - 5% per annum 
Buildings - 5% to 10% per annum 
Oil Mill - 5% per annum 
Estate plant, equipment & vehicle - 12.5% to 50% per annum 
Office plant, equipment & vehicle - 25% to 50% per annum 

(h)  Biological assets  

Biological assets comprise an estimation of the fair value less costs to sell of unharvested FFB at balance sheet date. Changes in the 
fair value of biological assets are charged or credited to the income statement within the cost of sales. 

(i) 

Leased assets 
The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of the contract. The Group recognises a right-of-use asset 
and a corresponding lease liability with respect to all lease arrangements in which it is the lessee, except for short-term leases (defined 
as leases with a lease term of 12 months or less) and leases of low value assets (such as tablets and personal computers, small items 
of office furniture and telephones). For these leases, the Group recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-
line basis over the term of the lease unless another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic 
benefits from the leased assets are consumed. 

The  lease  liability  is  initially  measured  at  the  present  value  of  the  lease  payments  that  are  not  paid  at  the  commencement  date, 
discounted by using the rate implicit in the lease. If this rate cannot be readily determined, the lessee uses its incremental borrowing 
rate. 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise: 
•  Fixed lease payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives receivable. 

The lease liability is presented as a separate line in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability (using the effective 
interest method) and by reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made. 

The right-of-use assets comprise the initial measurement of the corresponding lease liability, lease payments made at or before the 
commencement  day,  less  any  lease  incentives  received  and  any  initial  direct  costs.  They  are  subsequently  measured  at  cost  less 
accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. 

Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorter period of lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. If a lease transfers 
ownership of the underlying asset or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Group expects to exercise a purchase option, the 
related right-of-use asset is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The depreciation starts at the commencement date 
of the lease. 

The right-of-use assets are presented together in property, plant and equipment in the consolidated statement of financial position. The 
Group applies IAS 36 to determine whether a right-of-use asset is impaired and accounts for any identified impairment loss as described 
in the ‘Property, Plant and Equipment’ policy.  

Land rights are held at fair value and revalued at the balance sheet date. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

2  Accounting policies - continued 

(j) 

(k) 

(l) 

Impairment 
An assessment of indicators of impairment over the Company’s assets is undertaken annually on 31 December. Where the carrying 
value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of value in use or fair value, less costs to sell), the asset is written 
down  accordingly.  Impairment  charges  are  included  in  the  income  statement,  except  to  the  extent  they  reverse  gains  previously 
recognised in other comprehensive income. Reversal on impairment loss would be recognised if, and only if, there has been a change 
in  the  estimates  used  to  determine  the  asset’s  recoverable  amount  since the  last  impairment  test  was  carried  out.  Reversal  on 
impairment losses will be immediately recognised in the income statement. 

Inventories  
Inventories are initially recognised at cost, and subsequently at the lower of cost and net  realisable value. In the case of processed 
produce for sale which comprises palm oil and kernel, cost represents the monthly weighted-average cost of production and appropriate 
production overheads.  Estate and mill consumables are valued on a weighted average cost basis. 

Financial assets 
The Group's financial assets measured at amortised cost comprise trade and other receivables and cash and cash equivalents in the 
consolidated statement of financial position. All the Group's receivables and loans are non-derivative financial assets with cash flows 
that are solely payments of principal and interest. They are recognised at fair value at inception and subsequently at amortised cost as 
this is what the Group considers to be most representative of the business model for these assets.  

Cash and cash  equivalents consist  of cash in  hand and short-term deposits at banks  with an original maturity not exceeding three 
months. Bank overdrafts are shown within loans and borrowings under current liabilities on the balance sheet. 

The Group considers a trade receivable or other receivable as credit impaired when one or more events that have a detrimental impact 
on the estimated cash flow have occurred. Trade and other receivables are written off when there is no expectation of recovery based 
on the assessment performed. If the receivables are subsequently recovered, these are recognised in income statement. 

The Group use three categories for those receivables which reflect their credit risk and how the loss provision is determined for those 
categories. These include trade receivables using the simplified approach and debt instruments at amortised costs other than  trade 
receivables and financial guarantee contracts using the three-stage approach. 

(m)  Financial liabilities 

All the Group's financial liabilities are non-derivative financial liabilities. 

Bank borrowings and long-term development loans are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost, which is the 
total  of  proceeds  received  net  of  issue  costs.  Finance  charges  are  accounted  for  on  an  accruals  basis  and  charged  in  the  income 
statement unless capitalised according to the policy as set out in the property, plant and equipment policy. 

Trade and other payables are shown at fair value at recognition and subsequently at amortised cost. 

(n)  Deferred tax 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised where the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the balance sheet differs from its 
tax base except for differences in the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction which is not a business combination and 
at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit. 

The Group recognises deferred tax liabilities arising from taxable temporary differences on investments in subsidiaries, except where 
the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in 
the foreseeable future. 

Recognition of deferred tax assets is restricted to those instances where it is possible that taxable profit will be available against which 
the difference can be utilised.  

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences arising from property revaluation surpluses or deficits. 

Deferred tax is determined using the tax rates that are enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax is 
charged  or  credited  in  the  income  statement,  except  when  it  relates  to  items  charged  to  other  comprehensive  income,  such  as 
revaluations, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in other comprehensive income. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

2  Accounting policies - continued 

(o)  Retirement benefits 

Defined contribution schemes 
Contributions to defined contribution pension schemes are charged to the  consolidated income statement in the year to which they 
relate. 

Defined benefit schemes 
The Group operates a number of defined benefit schemes in respect of its Indonesian operations. These schemes’ surpluses and deficits 
are measured at: 

• 
• 

• 
• 

The fair value of plan assets at the reporting date; less 
Plan liabilities calculated using the projected unit credit method discounted to its present value using yields available on high 
quality corporate bonds that have maturity dates approximating to the terms of the liabilities; plus 
Past service costs; less 
The effect of minimum funding requirements agreed with scheme trustees. 

Remeasurements of the net defined benefit obligation are recognised in other comprehensive income. The remeasurements include: 

• 
• 
• 

Actuarial gains and losses; 
Return on plan assets (interest exclusive); and 
Any asset ceiling effects (interest inclusive). 

Service costs are recognised in other comprehensive income and include current and past service costs as well as gains and losses on 
curtailments. 

Net interest expense / (income) is recognised in the income statement, and is calculated by applying the discount rate used to measure 
the defined benefit obligation / (asset) at the beginning of the annual period to the balance of the net defined benefit obligation / (asset), 
considering the effects of contributions and benefit payments during the period. 

Gains or losses arising from changes to scheme benefits or scheme curtailment are recognised immediately in the income statement. 
Settlements of defined benefit schemes are recognised in the period in which the settlement occurs.  

Treasury shares 
Consideration paid or received for the purchase or sale of the Company’s own shares for holding in treasury is recognised directly in 
equity, where the cost is presented as the treasury shares. Any excess of the consideration received on the sale of treasury shares over 
the weighted average cost of shares sold is taken to the share premium account. 

Any shares held in treasury are treated as cancelled for the purpose of calculating earnings per share. 

Financial guarantee contracts 
Where the Company and its subsidiaries enter into financial guarantee contracts and guarantee the indebtedness of other companies 
within  the  Group  and/or  third  party entities,  these  are  accounted for  under  IFRS  9.  The  details  of  financial guarantee  contracts  are 
disclosed in note 25. 

(p) 

(q) 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

92 

 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

2  Accounting policies - continued 

(r) 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The Group makes certain estimates and assumptions regarding the future. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated based 
on  historical  experience  and  other  factors,  including  expectations  of  future  events  that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the 
circumstances. In the future, actual experience may differ from these estimates and assumptions. The estimates and assumptions that 
have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are 
discussed below. 

Judgements 
• 
• 

Assessment of de-facto control of cooperatives under Plasma scheme (see note 2(a) and note 26) 
Classification of land as leasehold with no depreciation charged (see note 11) 

Estimates and assumptions  
• 

• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Impairment of plantation assets - estimate of future cash flows and determination of the discount rate and other assumptions (see 
note 11) 
Expected credit losses (“ECL”) on amounts due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme - determination of possible outcomes 
and their weighted probability (see note 12) 
Carrying value of income tax receivables - determination of historic recovery rates (see note 8) 
Income taxes and deferred tax - provisions for income taxes in various jurisdictions (see note 8 and note 18) 
Recognition of deferred tax on losses - estimate of future profitability of respective entities (see note 18) 
Retirement benefits - actuarial assumptions (see note 19) 
Fair value measurement - a number of assets and liabilities included in the Group’s financial statements require measurement at, 
and/or disclosure of, fair value. The fair value measurement of the Group’s financial and non-financial assets and liabilities utilises 
market observable inputs and data as far as possible. Inputs used in determining fair value measurements are categorised into 
different levels based on how observable the inputs used in the valuation technique utilised are (the ‘fair value hierarchy’): 
- 
- 

Level 1 - quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 
Level 2 - inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or 
indirectly; and 
Level 3 - unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. 

- 

The classification of an item into the above levels is based on the lowest level of the inputs used that has a significant effect on 
the fair value measurement of the item. Transfers of items between levels are recognised in the period they occur. 

The Group measures the following assets at fair value: 
- 
- 

Revalued land - Property, plant and equipment (note 11) 
Biological assets (note 14) 

The Group measures the following assets at amortised cost, however disclosure of fair value is given in accordance with IFRS7 
and IFRS 13: 
- 
- 

Non-current receivables due from non-controlling interests (note 12) 
Non-current receivables due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme (note 12) 

For more detailed information in relation to the fair value measurement of the items above, please refer to the applicable notes. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

3  Revenue  

Disaggregation of Revenue 
The Group has disaggregated revenue into various categories in the following table which is intended to: 

•  Depict how the nature, amount and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by timing of revenue recognition; and 
•  Enable users to understand the relationship with revenue segment information provided in note 6. 

There is no right of return and warranty provided to the customers on the sale of products and services rendered.  

CPO, palm 
kernel and 
FFB 
$000 

Rubber 
$000 

Shell nut 
$000 

Biomass 
products 
$000 

Biogas 
products 
$000 

Others 
$000 

Total 
$000 

Year to 31 December 2020 

Contract counterparties 
Government 
Non-government 
-  Wholesalers 

Timing of transfer of goods 
Delivery to customer premises 
Delivery to port of departure 
Customer collect from our mills / 

estates 

Upon generation / others 

Year to 31 December 2019 

Contract counterparties 
Government 
Non-government 
-  Wholesalers 

Timing of transfer of goods 
Delivery to customer premises 
Delivery to port of departure 
Customer collect from our mills / estates 
Upon generation / others 

4  Finance income and expense 

- 

262,348 
262,348 

5,613 
- 

256,735 
- 
262,348 

- 

214,416 
214,416 

5,624 
- 
208,792 
- 
214,416 

- 

631 
631 

631 
- 

- 
- 
631 

- 

653 
653 

653 
- 
- 
- 
653 

- 

3,959 
3,959 

- 
- 

3,959 
- 
3,959 

- 

2,224 
2,224 

- 
- 
2,224 
- 
2,224 

- 

427 
427 

- 
427 

- 
- 
427 

- 

733 
733 

- 
733 
- 
- 
733 

Finance income  
Interest receivable on:  
Credit bank balances and time deposits  

Finance expense 
Interest payable on: 
Development loans (note 16) 
Interest expense on lease liabilities (note 29) 

Net finance income recognised in income statement 

970 

- 
970 

- 
- 

- 
970 
970 

908 

- 
908 

- 
- 
- 
908 
908 

- 

970 

725 
725 

268,090 
269,060 

- 
- 

- 
725 
725 

6,244 
427 

260,694 
1,695 
269,060 

- 

908 

202 
202 

- 
- 
- 
202 
202 

218,228 
219,136 

6,277 
733 
211,016 
1,110 
219,136 

2020 
$000 

2019 
$000 

2,876 

4,169 

(257) 
(35) 
(292) 
2,584 

(939) 
(41) 
(980) 
3,189 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

5  Profit before tax 

Profit before tax is stated after charging: 
Purchase of FFB 
Depreciation (note 11) 
Reversal of impairment (note 11) 
Impairment losses (note 11) 
Provision for expected credit loss (note 15) 
Exchange losses / (gains) 
Legal and professional fees 
Staff costs (note 7) 
Remuneration received by the Group’s auditor or associates of the Group’s auditor: 
-  Audit of parent company 
-  Audit of consolidated financial statements 
-  Audit of consolidated financial statements (prior year) 
-  Audit related assurance service 
-  Audit of UK subsidiaries 
Total audit services 

Audit of overseas subsidiaries 
  - Malaysia 
  - Indonesia 
Total audit services 

Total auditor’s remuneration 

6  Segment information 

2020 
$000 

110,225 
18,143 
(2,196) 
188 
1,485 
268 
834 
48,103 

5 
146 
- 
6 
13 
170 

21 
76 
97 

267 

2019 
$000 

92,004 
18,590 
(8,868) 
2,278 
5,965 
(251) 
1,236 
50,686 

5 
140 
5 
6 
13 
169 

21 
78 
99 

268 

Description of the types of products and services from which each reportable segment derives its revenues 
In the opinion of the Directors, the operations of the Group comprise one class of business which is the cultivation of plantation in Indonesia 
and Malaysia. From the cultivation of plantation, the Group produced the crude palm oil and associated products such as palm kernel, shell 
nut, biomass products, biogas products and rubber.  

Factors that management used to identify reportable segments in the Group 
The reportable segments in the Group are strategic business units based on the geographical spread. Operating segments are consistent with 
the internal reporting provided to the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is responsible for allocating resources and assessing the 
performance of the operating segments. The Board decision is implemented by the Executive Committee, that is made up of a Senior General 
Manager in Malaysia, the President Director, the Chief Operating Officer, Finance Director and the Engineering Director. 

Measurement of operating segment profit or loss, assets and liabilities 
The Group evaluates segmental performance on the basis of profit or loss before tax calculated in accordance with IFRS but excluding BA 
movement. 

Inter-segment transactions are made based on terms mutually agreed by the parties to maximise the utilisation of Group’s resources at a rate 
acceptable to local tax authorities. This policy was applied consistently throughout the current and prior period. 

The Group’s assets are allocated to segments based on geographical location. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 96 6 Segment information - continued   North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2020           Total sales revenue (all external)           - CPO, palm kernel and FFB 81,764 85,698 1,561 46,865 1,026 43,103 260,017 2,333 - 262,350 - Rubber 631 - - - - - 631 - - 631 - Shell nut 1,232 956 - 1,587 - 185 3,960 - - 3,960 - Biomass products 427 - - - - - 427 - - 427 - Biogas products 152 444 - - - 374 970 - - 970 - Others 60 105 176 - 16 355 712 3 7 722 Total revenue 84,266 87,203 1,737 48,452 1,042 44,017 266,717 2,336 7 269,060            Profit / (loss) before tax 18,915 16,809 (6,639) 12,341 (76) 11,174 52,524 (682) (1,447) 50,395 BA movement 550 130 71 126 36 344 1,257 17 - 1,274 Profit / (loss) for the year before tax per consolidated income statement  19,465  16,939  (6,568)  12,467  (40)  11,518  53,781  (665)  (1,447) 51,669            Interest income 2,121 670 3 34 - 25 2,853 22 1 2,876 Interest expense (25) - - - - (257) (282) (10) - (292) Depreciation (4,741) (4,253) (2,090) (886) (308) (5,387) (17,665) (478) - (18,143) Reversal of impairment - - 31 - - 2,165 2,196 - - 2,196 Impairment losses - - - - - - - (188) - (188) Reversal / (Provision) for expected credit loss 65 (1) (1,383) - (1) (167) (1,487) 1 1 (1,485) Inter-segment transactions 4,744 (1,966) (741) (564) (195) (1,913) (635) 467 168 - Inter-segmental revenue 27,668 3,293 3,505 - - 4,167 38,633 - - 38,633 Tax expense (6,734) (3,218) 1,361 (2,742) 25 (1,594) (12,902) (737) (87) (13,726)            Total assets 227,471 111,470 39,554 33,572 16,580 134,973 563,620 21,682 5,978 591,280 Non-current assets 111,483 70,332 30,320 17,543 14,713 104,295 348,686 16,667 - 365,353 Non-current assets - additions 4,582 2,413 2,319 342 4,474 6,868 20,998 127 - 21,125              Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 96 6 Segment information - continued   North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2020           Total sales revenue (all external)           - CPO, palm kernel and FFB 81,764 85,698 1,561 46,865 1,026 43,103 260,017 2,333 - 262,350 - Rubber 631 - - - - - 631 - - 631 - Shell nut 1,232 956 - 1,587 - 185 3,960 - - 3,960 - Biomass products 427 - - - - - 427 - - 427 - Biogas products 152 444 - - - 374 970 - - 970 - Others 60 105 176 - 16 355 712 3 7 722 Total revenue 84,266 87,203 1,737 48,452 1,042 44,017 266,717 2,336 7 269,060            Profit / (loss) before tax 18,915 16,809 (6,639) 12,341 (76) 11,174 52,524 (682) (1,447) 50,395 BA movement 550 130 71 126 36 344 1,257 17 - 1,274 Profit / (loss) for the year before tax per consolidated income statement  19,465  16,939  (6,568)  12,467  (40)  11,518  53,781  (665)  (1,447) 51,669            Interest income 2,121 670 3 34 - 25 2,853 22 1 2,876 Interest expense (25) - - - - (257) (282) (10) - (292) Depreciation (4,741) (4,253) (2,090) (886) (308) (5,387) (17,665) (478) - (18,143) Reversal of impairment - - 31 - - 2,165 2,196 - - 2,196 Impairment losses - - - - - - - (188) - (188) Reversal / (Provision) for expected credit loss 65 (1) (1,383) - (1) (167) (1,487) 1 1 (1,485) Inter-segment transactions 4,744 (1,966) (741) (564) (195) (1,913) (635) 467 168 - Inter-segmental revenue 27,668 3,293 3,505 - - 4,167 38,633 - - 38,633 Tax expense (6,734) (3,218) 1,361 (2,742) 25 (1,594) (12,902) (737) (87) (13,726)            Total assets 227,471 111,470 39,554 33,572 16,580 134,973 563,620 21,682 5,978 591,280 Non-current assets 111,483 70,332 30,320 17,543 14,713 104,295 348,686 16,667 - 365,353 Non-current assets - additions 4,582 2,413 2,319 342 4,474 6,868 20,998 127 - 21,125              Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2019 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 83 6 Segment information - continued   North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2019           Total sales revenue (all external)           - CPO, palm kernel and FFB 75,933 65,102 2,487 36,060 513 32,679 212,774 1,642 - 214,416 - Rubber 653 - - - - - 653 - - 653 - Shell nut 674 582 - 929 - 39 2,224 - - 2,224 - Biomass products 733 - - - - - 733 - - 733 - Biogas products 141 442 - - - 325 908 - - 908 - Others 25 57 32 - - 88 202 - - 202 Total revenue 78,159 66,183 2,519 36,989 513 33,131 217,494 1,642 - 219,136            Profit / (loss) before tax 6,174 7,727 (8,933) 8,514 244 4,868 18,594 (1,264) (1,712) 15,618 BA movement 927 1,086 108 307 23 806 3,257 (2) - 3,255 Profit / (loss) for the year before tax per consolidated income statement  7,101  8,813  (8,825)  8,821  267  5,674  21,851  (1,266)  (1,712) 18,873            Interest income 1,921 1,789 3 299 - 29 4,041 124 4 4,169 Interest expense (73) - - - - (901) (974) (6) - (980) Depreciation (4,791) (4,470) (2,465) (916) (281) (5,146) (18,069) (521) - (18,590) Reversal of impairment - - 5,151 - 600 3,117 8,868 - - 8,868 Impairment losses - - (1,595) - - (431) (2,026) (252) - (2,278) (Provision) / Reversal for expected credit loss (124) 4 (5,998) - 4 163 (5,951) - (14) (5,965) Inter-segment transactions (40,471) (2,027) 25,745 (581) 1,198 15,760 (376) 153 223 - Inter-segmental revenue 23,395 1,981 1,847 - - 1,274 28,497 - - 28,497 Tax expense 8,851 (995) (3,418) (2,009) (234) (4,884) (2,689) 186 (196) (2,699)            Total assets 206,764 104,756 39,151 31,083 14,667 127,746 524,167 21,678 6,270 552,115 Non-current assets 121,161 73,106 37,553 18,166 13,970 111,159 375,115 16,944 3,583 395,642 Non-current assets - additions 10,342 3,950 2,919 333 4,265 11,881 33,690 351 - 34,041              Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 97 6 Segment information - continued   North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2019           Total sales revenue (all external)           - CPO, palm kernel and FFB 75,933 65,102 2,487 36,060 513 32,679 212,774 1,642 - 214,416 - Rubber 653 - - - - - 653 - - 653 - Shell nut 674 582 - 929 - 39 2,224 - - 2,224 - Biomass products 733 - - - - - 733 - - 733 - Biogas products 141 442 - - - 325 908 - - 908 - Others 25 57 32 - - 88 202 - - 202 Total revenue 78,159 66,183 2,519 36,989 513 33,131 217,494 1,642 - 219,136            Profit / (loss) before tax 6,174 7,727 (8,933) 8,514 244 4,868 18,594 (1,264) (1,712) 15,618 BA movement 927 1,086 108 307 23 806 3,257 (2) - 3,255 Profit / (loss) for the year before tax per consolidated income statement  7,101  8,813  (8,825)  8,821  267  5,674  21,851  (1,266)  (1,712) 18,873            Interest income 1,921 1,789 3 299 - 29 4,041 124 4 4,169 Interest expense (73) - - - - (901) (974) (6) - (980) Depreciation (4,791) (4,470) (2,465) (916) (281) (5,146) (18,069) (521) - (18,590) Reversal of impairment - - 5,151 - 600 3,117 8,868 - - 8,868 Impairment losses - - (1,595) - - (431) (2,026) (252) - (2,278) (Provision) / Reversal for expected credit loss (124) 4 (5,998) - 4 163 (5,951) - (14) (5,965) Inter-segment transactions (40,471) (2,027) 25,745 (581) 1,198 15,760 (376) 153 223 - Inter-segmental revenue 23,395 1,981 1,847 - - 1,274 28,497 - - 28,497 Tax expense 8,851 (995) (3,418) (2,009) (234) (4,884) (2,689) 186 (196) (2,699)            Total assets 206,764 104,756 39,151 31,083 14,667 127,746 524,167 21,678 6,270 552,115 Non-current assets 113,064 72,886 31,824 18,166 13,200 101,807 350,947 16,944 - 367,891 Non-current assets - additions 10,342 3,950 2,919 333 4,265 11,881 33,690 351 - 34,041 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 97 6 Segment information - continued   North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2019           Total sales revenue (all external)           - CPO, palm kernel and FFB 75,933 65,102 2,487 36,060 513 32,679 212,774 1,642 - 214,416 - Rubber 653 - - - - - 653 - - 653 - Shell nut 674 582 - 929 - 39 2,224 - - 2,224 - Biomass products 733 - - - - - 733 - - 733 - Biogas products 141 442 - - - 325 908 - - 908 - Others 25 57 32 - - 88 202 - - 202 Total revenue 78,159 66,183 2,519 36,989 513 33,131 217,494 1,642 - 219,136            Profit / (loss) before tax 6,174 7,727 (8,933) 8,514 244 4,868 18,594 (1,264) (1,712) 15,618 BA movement 927 1,086 108 307 23 806 3,257 (2) - 3,255 Profit / (loss) for the year before tax per consolidated income statement  7,101  8,813  (8,825)  8,821  267  5,674  21,851  (1,266)  (1,712) 18,873            Interest income 1,921 1,789 3 299 - 29 4,041 124 4 4,169 Interest expense (73) - - - - (901) (974) (6) - (980) Depreciation (4,791) (4,470) (2,465) (916) (281) (5,146) (18,069) (521) - (18,590) Reversal of impairment - - 5,151 - 600 3,117 8,868 - - 8,868 Impairment losses - - (1,595) - - (431) (2,026) (252) - (2,278) (Provision) / Reversal for expected credit loss (124) 4 (5,998) - 4 163 (5,951) - (14) (5,965) Inter-segment transactions (40,471) (2,027) 25,745 (581) 1,198 15,760 (376) 153 223 - Inter-segmental revenue 23,395 1,981 1,847 - - 1,274 28,497 - - 28,497 Tax expense 8,851 (995) (3,418) (2,009) (234) (4,884) (2,689) 186 (196) (2,699)            Total assets 206,764 104,756 39,151 31,083 14,667 127,746 524,167 21,678 6,270 552,115 Non-current assets 113,064 72,886 31,824 18,166 13,200 101,807 350,947 16,944 - 367,891 Non-current assets - additions 10,342 3,950 2,919 333 4,265 11,881 33,690 351 - 34,041 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2019 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 84 6 Segment information - continued   North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2018           Total sales revenue (all external)           - CPO, palm kernel and FFB 84,771 79,652 1 43,970 261 34,848 243,503 2,092 - 245,595 - Rubber 792 - - - - - 792 - - 792 - Shell nut 651 432 - 930 - 34 2,047 - - 2,047 - Biomass products 914 - - - - - 914 - - 914 - Biogas products 417 446 - - - - 863 - - 863 - Others 519 38 18 - - 73 648 - - 648 Total revenue 88,064 80,568 19 44,900 261 34,955 248,767 2,092 - 250,859            Profit / (loss) before tax 12,993 18,753 (7,445) 13,112 (531) (557) 36,325 (894) (2,216) 33,215 BA movement (296) (1,074) (93) (272) (4) (479) (2,218) (68) - (2,286) Profit / (loss) for the year before tax per consolidated income statement  12,697  17,679  (7,538)  12,840  (535)  (1,036)  34,107  (962)  (2,216) 30,929            Interest income 1,594 2,978 3 318 - 20 4,913 133 2 5,048 Interest expense (141) - - - - (1,370) (1,511) - - (1,511) Depreciation (4,031) (4,120) (2,530) (900) (234) (4,425) (16,240) (512) - (16,752) Impairment losses - - (914) - - (3,425) (4,339) - - (4,339) Provision for expected credit loss (10) (13) (24) - (4) (206) (257) (1) (50) (308) Inter-segment transactions 4,887 (2,021) (700) (579) (94) (1,870) (377) 103 274 - Inter-segmental revenue 24,409 1,608 3,710 - - 1,049 30,776 - - 30,776 Tax expense (7,872) (2,994) 1,862 (5,351) 151 1,154 (13,050) 19 (31) (13,062)            Total assets 188,266 118,098 41,074 36,900 11,815 113,186 509,339 22,347 6,206 537,892 Non-current assets 103,648 70,237 39,672 17,884 11,588 99,738 342,767 16,783 2,984 362,534 Non-current assets - additions 8,578 4,460 3,753 472 1,647 11,355 30,265 110 - 30,375 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 98 6 Segment information - continued  Below is an analysis of revenue from the Group’s top 4 customers, incorporating all those contributing greater than 10% of the Group’s external revenue in accordance with the requirements of IFRS 8. In year 2020, revenue from top 4 customers of the Indonesian segment represents approximately $130.8m (2019: $113.6m) of the Group’s total revenue. Although Customer 1 and 2 made up over 10% of the Group’s total revenue, there was no over reliance on these Customers as tenders were performed on a weekly basis. Three of the top four customers were the same as in the prior year.  North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2020           Customer 1 819 22,558 - 7,164 - 23,075 53,616 - - 53,616 Customer 2 31,556 - - - - - 31,556 - - 31,556 Customer 3 - - - 25,042 - - 25,042 - - 25,042 Customer 4 - 15,977 - - - 4,584 20,561 - - 20,561  32,375 38,535 - 32,206 - 27,659 130,775 - - 130,775             2019           Customer 1 3,107 20,376 - 6,091 - 13,228 42,802 - - 42,802 Customer 2 27,751 - - - - - 27,751 - - 27,751 Customer 3 9,657 8,345 - 4,965 - - 22,967 - - 22,967 Customer 4 - - - 20,036 - - 20,036 - - 20,036  40,515 28,721 - 31,092 - 13,228 113,556 - - 113,556             % % % % % % % % % % 2020           Customer 1 0.3 8.4 - 2.7 - 8.6 20.0 - - 20.0 Customer 2 11.7 - - - - - 11.7 - - 11.7 Customer 3 - - - 9.3 - - 9.3 - - 9.3 Customer 4 - 5.9 - - - 1.7 7.6 - - 7.6  12.0 14.3 - 12.0 - 10.3 48.6 - - 48.6             2019           Customer 1 1.4 9.3 - 2.8 - 6.0 19.5 - - 19.5 Customer 2 12.7 - - - - - 12.7 - - 12.7 Customer 3 4.4 3.8 - 2.3 - - 10.5 - - 10.5 Customer 4 - - - 9.1 - - 9.1 - - 9.1  18.5 13.1 - 14.2 - 6.0 51.8 - - 51.8  Save for a small amount of rubber, all the Group’s operations are devoted to oil palm. The Group’s report is by geographical area, as each area tends to have different agricultural conditions. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 98 6 Segment information - continued  Below is an analysis of revenue from the Group’s top 4 customers, incorporating all those contributing greater than 10% of the Group’s external revenue in accordance with the requirements of IFRS 8. In year 2020, revenue from top 4 customers of the Indonesian segment represents approximately $130.8m (2019: $113.6m) of the Group’s total revenue. Although Customer 1 and 2 made up over 10% of the Group’s total revenue, there was no over reliance on these Customers as tenders were performed on a weekly basis. Three of the top four customers were the same as in the prior year.  North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2020           Customer 1 819 22,558 - 7,164 - 23,075 53,616 - - 53,616 Customer 2 31,556 - - - - - 31,556 - - 31,556 Customer 3 - - - 25,042 - - 25,042 - - 25,042 Customer 4 - 15,977 - - - 4,584 20,561 - - 20,561  32,375 38,535 - 32,206 - 27,659 130,775 - - 130,775             2019           Customer 1 3,107 20,376 - 6,091 - 13,228 42,802 - - 42,802 Customer 2 27,751 - - - - - 27,751 - - 27,751 Customer 3 9,657 8,345 - 4,965 - - 22,967 - - 22,967 Customer 4 - - - 20,036 - - 20,036 - - 20,036  40,515 28,721 - 31,092 - 13,228 113,556 - - 113,556             % % % % % % % % % % 2020           Customer 1 0.3 8.4 - 2.7 - 8.6 20.0 - - 20.0 Customer 2 11.7 - - - - - 11.7 - - 11.7 Customer 3 - - - 9.3 - - 9.3 - - 9.3 Customer 4 - 5.9 - - - 1.7 7.6 - - 7.6  12.0 14.3 - 12.0 - 10.3 48.6 - - 48.6             2019           Customer 1 1.4 9.3 - 2.8 - 6.0 19.5 - - 19.5 Customer 2 12.7 - - - - - 12.7 - - 12.7 Customer 3 4.4 3.8 - 2.3 - - 10.5 - - 10.5 Customer 4 - - - 9.1 - - 9.1 - - 9.1  18.5 13.1 - 14.2 - 6.0 51.8 - - 51.8  Save for a small amount of rubber, all the Group’s operations are devoted to oil palm. The Group’s report is by geographical area, as each area tends to have different agricultural conditions. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2019 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 85 6 Segment information - continued  Below is an analysis of revenue from the Group’s top 4 customers, incorporating all those contributing greater than 10% of the Group’s external revenue in accordance with the requirements of IFRS 8. In year 2019, revenue from top 4 customers of the Indonesian segment represents approximately $113.6m (2018: $115.4m) of the Group’s total revenue. Although Customer 1 to 4 made up over 10% of the Group’s total revenue, there was no over reliance on these Customers as tenders were performed on a weekly basis. Two of the top four customers were the same as in the prior year.  North Sumatera Bengkulu South Sumatera Riau Bangka Kalimantan Total Indonesia Malaysia UK Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 2019           Customer 1 3,107 20,376 - 6,091 - 13,228 42,802 - - 42,802 Customer 2 27,751 - - - - - 27,751 - - 27,751 Customer 3 9,657 8,345 - 4,965 - - 22,967 - - 22,967 Customer 4 - - - 20,036 - - 20,036 - - 20,036  40,515 28,721 - 31,092 - 13,228 113,556 - - 113,556             2018           Customer 1 1,909 17,768 - 6,613 - 10,806 37,096 - - 37,096 Customer 2 - 29,604 - - - - 29,604 - - 29,604 Customer 3 24,933 - - - - - 24,933 - - 24,933 Customer 4 21,042 - - - - 2,735 23,777 - - 23,777  47,884 47,372 - 6,613 - 13,541 115,410 - - 115,410             % % % % % % % % % % 2019           Customer 1 1.4 9.3 - 2.8 - 6.0 19.5 - - 19.5 Customer 2 12.7 - - - - - 12.7 - - 12.7 Customer 3 4.4 3.8 - 2.3 - - 10.5 - - 10.5 Customer 4 - - - 9.1 - - 9.1 - - 9.1  18.5 13.1 - 14.2 - 6.0 51.8 - - 51.8             2018           Customer 1 0.8 7.1 - 2.6 - 4.3 14.8 - - 14.8 Customer 2 - 11.8 - - - - 11.8 - - 11.8 Customer 3 9.9 - - - - - 9.9 - - 9.9 Customer 4 8.4 - - - - 1.1 9.5 - - 9.5  19.1 18.9 - 2.6 - 5.4 46.0 - - 46.0  Save for a small amount of rubber, all the Group’s operations are devoted to oil palm. The Group’s report is by geographical area, as each area tends to have different agricultural conditions. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

7  Employees' and Directors' remuneration 

Average numbers employed (primarily overseas) during the year:  
-  full-time 
-  part-time field workers 

Staff costs (including Directors) comprise: 
Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Retirement benefit costs 

       -  United Kingdom 

-  Indonesia (note 19) 
-  Malaysia 

2020 
Number 

7,242 
9,311 
16,553 

2020 
$000 

43,129 
2,921 

- 
2,003 
50 
48,103 

2019 
Number 

6,925 
9,285 
16,210 

2019 
$000 

45,756 
2,090 

- 
2,784 
56 
50,686 

The information required by the Companies Act is contained in the Directors' remuneration report on pages 65 - 70 of which certain information 
on page 68 has been audited.  

Directors emoluments 

Remuneration expense for key management personnel comprise:  
Short-term employee benefits 
Post-employment benefits 

2020 
$000 

200 

2020 
$000 

1,499 
- 
1,499 

2019 
$000 

215 

2019 
$000 

1,742 
- 
1,742 

The  Executive  Director,  Non-Executive  Directors  and  senior  management  (general  managers  and  above)  are  considered  to  be  the  key 
management personnel. The remuneration of Executive Director and Non-Executive Directors is shown on page 68. 

8  Tax expense 

Foreign corporation tax - current year 
Foreign corporation tax - prior year 
Deferred tax adjustment - origination and reversal of temporary differences (note 18) 
Recognition of previously unrecognised deferred tax assets (note 18) 
Total tax charge for year 

2020 
$000 

9,920 
287 
2,832 
687 
13,726 

2019 
$000 

5,222 
12 
(2,439) 
(96) 
2,699 

Corporation tax rate in Indonesia is at 22% (2019: 25%) whereas Malaysia is at 24% (2019: 24%). The standard rate of corporation tax in the 
UK for the current year is 19% (2019: 19%). The Group’s charge for the year differs from the standard Indonesian rate of corporation tax as 
explained below: 

Profit before tax 

Profit before tax multiplied by standard rate of Indonesia corporation tax of 22% (2019: 25%) 
Effects of: 
Rate adjustment relating to overseas profits 
Group accounting adjustments not subject to tax 
Expenses not allowable for tax 
Deferred tax assets not recognised 
Income not subject to tax 
Under provision of prior year income tax 
Utilisation of tax losses not previously recognised 
Under / (Over) provision of prior year deferred tax assets 
  Change in tax rate 
Total tax charge for year 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

2020 
$000 

51,669 

11,367 

(14) 
(245) 
613 
- 
(647) 
287 
- 
687 
1,678 
13,726 

2019 
$000 

18,873 

4,718 

(24) 
(2,116) 
544 
48 
(1,223) 
12 
836 
(96) 
- 
2,699 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

8  Tax expense - continued 

The above reconciliation has been prepared by reference to the Indonesian tax rate rather than the UK tax rate as, in accordance with IAS 12, 
this is the applicable tax rate that provides the most meaningful information, given this is the country in which the majority of tax arises. The 
reconciliation for the year ended 31 December 2019 has also been prepared on the same basis for comparative purposes. 

The tax receivables represent the corporate income tax (“CIT”) and value added tax (“VAT”) that have yet to be refunded by the Indonesia tax 
authority. The tax receivables relating to CIT arose due to over payment of tax. The tax receivables relating to VAT arose because the majority 
of the Groups’ CPO was sold to bonded zones which do not attract output VAT and thus the input VAT incurred is claimable. Upon submission 
of a tax return (for CIT) or a request letter (for VAT refund), a tax audit will be conducted by the tax authority and whilst every effort is made to 
resolve this quickly, the process can sometimes take more than 12 months. 

The breakdown of the tax receivables and tax liabilities is as follows: 

Tax Receivables 
Income tax 
Other taxes 

Tax Liabilities 
Income tax 
Other taxes 

31 December 
2020 
$000 

    31 December 
2019* 
$000 

1 January 
2019* 
$000 

10,071 
41,618 
51,689 

(5,981) 
(1,089) 
(7,070) 

14,348 
35,179 
49,527 

(1,512) 
(1,386) 
(2,898) 

7,110 
37,200 
44,310 

(1,094) 
(4,532) 
(5,626) 

* In order to better represent these balances in accordance with IAS 1, the income tax and other tax balances have been shown separately on 
the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. The impact on 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2019 is shown in the table above. 

9  Earnings per ordinary share (“EPS”) 

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the Company before BA movement 
BA movement 
Earnings used in basic and diluted EPS 

Weighted average number of shares in issue in the year 
-  used in basic EPS 
-  dilutive effect of outstanding share options 
-  used in diluted EPS 

Basic and diluted EPS before BA movement 
Basic and diluted EPS after BA movement 

10 

Dividends 

Paid during the year 
Final dividend of 0.5cts per ordinary share for the year ended 31 December 2019  
(2018: 3.0cts) 

Proposed final dividend of 1.0cts per ordinary share for the year ended 31 December 2020 
(2019: 0.5cts) 

2020 
$000 

30,784 
1,051 
31,835 

Number 
‘000 

39,636 
- 
39,636 

77.67cts 
80.32cts 

2020 
$000 

198 

396 

2019 
$000 

14,019 
2,077 
16,096 

Number 
‘000 

39,636 
- 
39,636 

35.37cts 
40.61cts 

2019 
$000 

1,189 

198 

The proposed dividend for 2020 is subject to shareholders’ approval at the forthcoming annual general meeting and has not been included as 
a liability in these financial statements. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 101 11 Property, plant and equipment    Plantations Mill  Leasehold land Buildings Estate plant, equipment & vehicle Office plant, equipment & vehicle Right-of-use assets Construction  in progress Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Cost or valuation          At 1 January 2019 199,877 68,120 133,256 53,138 16,858 1,093 - 2,731 475,073 Exchange translations 8,110 2,970 5,135 2,307 669 34 14 83 19,322 Reclassification - 143 - 7,557 26 (2) - (7,724) - Revaluations - - (2,292) - - - - - (2,292) Additions 411 7,732 5,861 45 1,562 193 832 5,971 22,607 Development costs capitalised 11,434 - - - - - - - 11,434 Disposal / Written off  (5,782) (606) (1,297) (219) (1,125) (41) - - (9,070) At 31 December 2019 214,050 78,359 140,663 62,828 17,990 1,277 846 1,061 517,074 Exchange translations (2,486) (1,085) (1,441) (774) (209) 5 (5) (28) (6,023) Reclassification - 70 - 2,572 - - - (2,642) - Revaluations - - (1,142) - - - - - (1,142) Additions 167 1,946 3,821 496 816 109 - 2,263 9,618 Development costs capitalised 10,451 - 1,037 - - 19 - - 11,507 Disposals / Written off  (2,447) (510) (243) (239) (563) (5) - (12) (4,019) At 31 December 2020 219,735 78,780 142,695 64,883 18,034 1,405 841 642 527,015           Accumulated depreciation and impairment          At 1 January 2019 80,782 21,638 1,659 17,436 12,249 942 - - 134,706 Exchange translations 3,098 960 87 753 481 26 3 - 5,408 Reclassification - (15) - - 15 - - - - Charge for the year 9,646 3,850 - 3,222 1,625 63 184 - 18,590 (Reversal of impairment) / Impairment losses (7,571) - 981 - - - - - (6,590) Disposal / Written off  (1,121) (590) - (123) (1,075) (22) - - (2,931) At 31 December 2019 84,834 25,843 2,727 21,288 13,295 1,009 187 - 149,183 Exchange translations (639) (272) (112) (165) (122) 3 11 - (1,296) Reclassification - - - - - - - - - Charge for the year 9,450 3,587 - 3,476 1,400 82 148 - 18,143 (Reversal of impairment) / Impairment losses - - (2,196) - - - 188 - (2,008) Disposal / Written off  (1,166) (509) - (143) (539) (3) - - (2,360) At 31 December 2020 92,479 28,649 419 24,456 14,034 1,091 534 - 161,662           Carrying amount          At 31 December 2018 119,095 46,482 131,597 35,702 4,609 151 - 2,731 340,367 At 31 December 2019 129,216 52,516 137,936 41,540 4,695 268 659 1,061 367,891 At 31 December 2020 127,256 50,131 142,276 40,427 4,000 314 307 642 365,353 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 101 11 Property, plant and equipment    Plantations Mill  Leasehold land Buildings Estate plant, equipment & vehicle Office plant, equipment & vehicle Right-of-use assets Construction  in progress Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Cost or valuation          At 1 January 2019 199,877 68,120 133,256 53,138 16,858 1,093 - 2,731 475,073 Exchange translations 8,110 2,970 5,135 2,307 669 34 14 83 19,322 Reclassification - 143 - 7,557 26 (2) - (7,724) - Revaluations - - (2,292) - - - - - (2,292) Additions 411 7,732 5,861 45 1,562 193 832 5,971 22,607 Development costs capitalised 11,434 - - - - - - - 11,434 Disposal / Written off  (5,782) (606) (1,297) (219) (1,125) (41) - - (9,070) At 31 December 2019 214,050 78,359 140,663 62,828 17,990 1,277 846 1,061 517,074 Exchange translations (2,486) (1,085) (1,441) (774) (209) 5 (5) (28) (6,023) Reclassification - 70 - 2,572 - - - (2,642) - Revaluations - - (1,142) - - - - - (1,142) Additions 167 1,946 3,821 496 816 109 - 2,263 9,618 Development costs capitalised 10,451 - 1,037 - - 19 - - 11,507 Disposals / Written off  (2,447) (510) (243) (239) (563) (5) - (12) (4,019) At 31 December 2020 219,735 78,780 142,695 64,883 18,034 1,405 841 642 527,015           Accumulated depreciation and impairment          At 1 January 2019 80,782 21,638 1,659 17,436 12,249 942 - - 134,706 Exchange translations 3,098 960 87 753 481 26 3 - 5,408 Reclassification - (15) - - 15 - - - - Charge for the year 9,646 3,850 - 3,222 1,625 63 184 - 18,590 (Reversal of impairment) / Impairment losses (7,571) - 981 - - - - - (6,590) Disposal / Written off  (1,121) (590) - (123) (1,075) (22) - - (2,931) At 31 December 2019 84,834 25,843 2,727 21,288 13,295 1,009 187 - 149,183 Exchange translations (639) (272) (112) (165) (122) 3 11 - (1,296) Reclassification - - - - - - - - - Charge for the year 9,450 3,587 - 3,476 1,400 82 148 - 18,143 (Reversal of impairment) / Impairment losses - - (2,196) - - - 188 - (2,008) Disposal / Written off  (1,166) (509) - (143) (539) (3) - - (2,360) At 31 December 2020 92,479 28,649 419 24,456 14,034 1,091 534 - 161,662           Carrying amount          At 31 December 2018 119,095 46,482 131,597 35,702 4,609 151 - 2,731 340,367 At 31 December 2019 129,216 52,516 137,936 41,540 4,695 268 659 1,061 367,891 At 31 December 2020 127,256 50,131 142,276 40,427 4,000 314 307 642 365,353 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2019 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 88 11 Property, plant and equipment    Plantations Mill  Leasehold land Buildings Estate plant, equipment & vehicle Office plant, equipment & vehicle Right-of-use assets Construction  in progress Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Cost or valuation          At 1 January 2018 201,097 68,406 138,348 51,384 15,536 1,088 - 1,179 477,038 Exchange translations (12,641) (4,475) (8,308) (3,336) (981) (51) - (102) (29,894) Reclassification 138 - (138) 5,180 27 - - (5,207) - Revaluations - - 182 - - - - - 182 Additions 29 5,467 3,172 30 2,686 57 - 6,861 18,302 Development costs capitalised 12,073 - - - - - - - 12,073 Disposal / Written off  (819) (1,278) - (120) (410) (1) - - (2,628) At 31 December 2018 199,877 68,120 133,256 53,138 16,858 1,093 - 2,731 475,073 Exchange translations 8,110 2,970 5,135 2,307 669 34 14 83 19,322 Reclassification - 143 - 7,557 26 (2) - (7,724) - Revaluations - - (2,292) - - - - - (2,292) Additions 411 7,732 5,861 45 1,562 193 832 5,971 22,607 Development costs capitalised 11,434 - - - - - - - 11,434 Disposals / Written off  (5,782) (606) (1,297) (219) (1,125) (41) - - (9,070) At 31 December 2019 214,050 78,359 140,663 62,828 17,990 1,277 846 1,061 517,074           Accumulated depreciation and impairment          At 1 January 2018 73,277 20,775 805 15,581 12,000 920 - - 123,358 Exchange translations (4,531) (1,374) (67) (1,010) (733) (41) - - (7,756) Charge for the year 8,926 3,462 - 2,939 1,361 64 - - 16,752 Impairment losses 3,418 - 921 - - - - - 4,339 Disposal / Written off  (308) (1,225) - (74) (379) (1) - - (1,987) At 31 December 2018 80,782 21,638 1,659 17,436 12,249 942 - - 134,706 Exchange translations 3,098 960 87 753 481 26 3 - 5,408 Reclassification - (15) - - 15 - - - - Charge for the year 9,646 3,850 - 3,222 1,625 63 184 - 18,590 (Reversal of impairment) / Impairment losses (7,571) - 981 - - - - - (6,590) Disposal / Written off  (1,121) (590) - (123) (1,075) (22) - - (2,931) At 31 December 2019 84,834 25,843 2,727 21,288 13,295 1,009 187 - 149,183           Carrying amount          At 31 December 2017 127,820 47,631 137,543 35,803 3,536 168 - 1,179 353,680 At 31 December 2018 119,095 46,482 131,597 35,702 4,609 151 - 2,731 340,367 At 31 December 2019 129,216 52,516 137,936 41,540 4,695 268 659 1,061 367,891 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

11  Property, plant and equipment - continued  

The Group engaged Muttaqin Bambang Purwanto Rozak Uswatun & Rekan (“MBPRU”) with its head office located in Jakarta, Indonesia to 
undertake the land valuation for the Group. The valuation was carried out independently by MBPRU who has the appropriate professional 
qualifications and recent experience in the location and category of the properties being valued. Further information of MBPRU can be obtained 
from  ‘www.kjpp-mbpru.com’.  For  the  year  ended 31  December  2020,  valuations  were  undertaken  on  the  land  of  eight  subsidiaries  in 
Indonesia. The quantum per hectare derived from the current valuation was then applied to the land value of the remaining companies in the 
same geographical location to derive the fair value of land as at 31 December 2020. For the year ended 31 December 2019, independent land 
valuations were undertaken for nine subsidiary companies in Indonesia and Malaysia. The same methodology to fair value land has been 
applied each year. Unplantable land was excluded in this exercise since it has zero value. Land is valued on a rotational basis and all the land 
is valued by qualified valuers every two years. Had the revalued land been measured on a historical cost basis, their net book value would 
have been $61,272,000 (2019: $56,978,000). Impairment of land if measured by comparing its historical cost with its fair value. The reversal 
of impairment loss of $2,196,000 recognised in 2020 (2019: impairment loss of $981,000) was due to a general increase in the fair value of 
land in Indonesia. 

The reconciliation on the unreallised gain / (loss) on revaluation of leasehold land as shown below:  

Included in other comprehensive income:  
  Unreallised gain on revaluation of leasehold land 
  Deferred tax on revaluation (note 18) 
Unrealised gain / (loss) on revaluation of leasehold land, net of tax recognised in 

other comprehensive income  

2020 
$000 

(1,142) 
2,451 

1,309 

2019 
$000 

(2,292) 
577 

(1,715) 

PT Simpang Ampat’s land was valued on the basis that its highest and best use is oil palm plantation. At present sections of the land is planted 
with rubber trees, however, the Group has the intention to replace the ageing rubber trees with palm oil trees. 

Details of the information about the fair value hierarchy in relation to land at 31 December are as follows: 

Land 
At 31 December 2020 
At 31 December 2019 

Level 1 
$000 

Level 2 
$000 

Level 3 
$000 

Fair value 
$000 

- 
- 

- 
- 

142,276 
137,936 

142,276 
137,936 

There was no item classified under Level 1 and Level 2 and thus there was no transfer between Level 1 and Level 2 during the year. 

The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in determining the fair value measurement of land and the inter-relationship 
between key unobservable inputs and fair value are set out in the table below: 

Item 

Valuation approach 

Inputs used 

Land 

Selling prices of comparable bare land 
location  adjusted 
in  similar 
for 
differences 
in  key  attributes.  The 
valuation model is based on price per 
hectare. 

Selling prices of comparable land. 

Location,  legal  title,  land  area, 
land type and topography. 

Inter-relationship 
unobservable inputs and fair value 

between 

key 

The higher the selling price, the higher 
the fair value. 

These  are  qualitative 
require 
significant 
professional valuer, MBPRU. 

inputs  which 
by 

judgement 

There was no change to the valuation techniques during the year. 

The fair value measurement is based on the above items’ highest and best use, which does not differ from their actual use, other than PT 
Simpang Ampat as stated above. 

The capitalisation rate used to determine the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation is based on the percentage of immature area 
of each estate against total planted area in the estate. The average capitalisation rate was 8.6% (2019: 9.6%).  The estates included $24,000 
(2019: $96,000) of interest and $64,000 (2019: $74,000) of overheads capitalised during the year in respect of expenditure on estates under 
development. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

11  Property, plant and equipment - continued  

The Indonesian authorities have granted certain land exploitation rights and operating permits for the estates. In the case of established estates 
in North Sumatera, these rights and permits expire between 2023 and 2054 with rights of renewal thereafter. As of estates in Bengkulu land 
titles were issued between 1994 and 2016 and the titles expire between 2028 and 2051 with rights of renewal thereafter for two consecutive 
periods of 25 and 35 years respectively. In Riau, land titles were issued in 2003 and expire in 2033. In Kalimantan, land titles were issued 
between 2015 and 2020 and expire between 2023 and 2054. In Bangka, land titles were issued in 2018 and expire between 2021 and 2053. 
The rights and permits for South Sumatera were renewed in 2020. 

Subject to compliance with the laws and regulations of Indonesia, land rights are usually renewed. The cost of renewing the land rights is not 
significant. On the basis that the Group has an indefinite right to renew, leasehold land is not depreciated.  

The land title of the estate in Malaysia is a long-term lease expiring in 2084. 

Impairment for plantations is measured by comparing its carrying amount with its recoverable amount, which is the higher of the fair value less 
cost to sell and its value in use. The impairment assessment is based on each cash generating unit (“CGU”) which is defined as each estate. 
In 2020, no impairment loss or reversal of impairment loss had been recognised. The reversal of impairment loss of $7,571,000 recognised in 
2019 was primarily due to the increase in CPO price, previously impaired amounts being reclassified to plasma receivables during the year 
and decreases in the pre-tax discount rates.  

The recoverable amount of the Group’s plantations in 2020 was based on value in use calculations, which due to the nature of the cashflows, 
will be higher than fair value less cost to sell. The total value of the Group’s plantations carried at value in use which was lower than original 
cost was $33,429,000 (2019: $32,962,000). 

The value in use, computed by the professional valuer MBPRU using a discounted cash flow (“DCF”) model, is the net present value of the 
projected future cash flows over the expected 20-year economic life of the asset discounted at 16.0% (2019: 16.6%). Projected future cash 
flows are calculated based on historical data, industry performance, economic conditions and any other readily available information including 
the impact of climate change. The compliance with changing regulations, changes in buyer preferences, development of new products and 
use of lower emission sources of energy will affect the FFB production, CPO price and its growth. Heavy rainfall & flooding, droughts and fires 
will have an effect on company specific risk within the calculation of our discount rate as well as potential impacts on the ability of our plants to 
produce FFB. Pests & disease will impact the upkeeping cost.   

The sensitivity analysis below had been performed for 1% changes in the key assumptions, chosen as being reasonably possible changes 
which will have a material impact on the impairment. The following table sets out the key assumptions in the valuation along with the impact 
on the impairment charge of a 1% change:  

   2020 
Assumption 
applied 

Increase in 
impairment 
$000 

    2019 

Assumption 
applied 

Increase in 
impairment 
$000 

CPO price - decrease of 1% 
Pre-tax discount rate - increase by 100 bps 
Inflation rate - increase by 100 bps 

$650/mt 
15.98% 
3.12% 

- 
383 
609 

$635/mt   
16.51% - 16.60%   
3.38%   

1,459 
2,600 
2,241 

The plantations carried at value in use are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. 

12   Receivables: non-current 

Due from non-controlling interests 
Due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme 

2020 
Book value 
$000 

5,493 
16,743 
22,236 

Fair value 
$000 

3,050 
14,857 
17,907 

        2019 

Book value 
$000 

3,571 
12,929 
16,500 

Fair value 
$000 

1,994 
11,924 
13,918 

The non-controlling interests in PT Alno Agro Utama and PT Cahaya Pelita Andhika have acquired their interests on deferred terms (see note 
25, Credit risk). In 2017, there was a change in the ownership of the non-controlling interests in PT Sawit Graha Manunggal, PT Karya Kencana 
Sentosa Tiga, PT Riau Agrindo Agung and PT Empat Lawang Agro Plantation which was similarly acquired on deferred terms (see note 25, 
Credit risk). 

Plasma scheme is an initiative by the Indonesian Government that mandated plantation owners to allocate a percentage of their land acquired 
to the surrounding community and to further provide financial and technical assistance to cultivate oil palm on that land to improve the income 
and welfare of the community or cooperatives. During the year, certain subsidiary companies have funded plasma with a cumulative gross 
amount before ECL for $24,632,000 (2019: $19,078,000) which is recoverable from the cooperatives, the details with ECL are disclosed in 
note 15. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

12   Receivables: non-current - continued 

The fair values disclosed above are for disclosure purposes and all non-current receivables are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.  

The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in determining the fair value measurement of non-current receivables, as 
well as the inter-relationship between key unobservable inputs and fair value, are set out in the table below: 

Item 

Valuation approach 

Inputs used 

Due  from  non-controlling 
interests 
Due 
under Plasma scheme 

from  cooperatives 

Based on cash flows discounted using 
current lending rate of 6% (2019: 6%).  
Based on cash flows discounted using 
an  estimated  current  lending  rate  of 
6.75% (2019: 6.78%). 

Discount rate 

Discount rate 

Inter-relationship 
unobservable inputs and fair value 

between 

key 

The higher the discount rate, the lower the 
fair value. 
The higher the discount rate, the lower the 
fair value. 

13  Inventories 

Estate and mill consumables 
Processed produce for sale 

14  Biological assets 

At 1 January 
Fair value gain recognised in the income statement 
Exchange translations 
At 31 December 

2020 
$000 

6,873 
5,668 
12,541 

2020 
$000 

7,574 
1,274 
(65) 
8,783 

2019 
$000 

5,332 
3,420 
8,752 

2019 
$000 

4,093 
3,255 
226 
7,574 

The valuation of the unharvested FFB was carried out internally for each plantation of the Group. It involved an estimation of the weight of 
unharvested FFB at balance sheet date multiplied by the sum of average FFB selling price less average harvesting cost of the last month prior 
to the balance sheet date. The weight was derived from the computation of the percentage of growth based on the data extracted from the 
research reference "The Reflection of Moisture Content on Palm Oil Development during the Ripening Process of Fresh Fruits" multiplied with 
the estimated FFB harvested two months’ post balance sheet date. The impacts of climate change on the weather will impact the levels and 
quality of production of FFB so this has been taken into consideration when determining the fair value of biological assets. 

The fair value of biological assets is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. 

The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in determining the fair value measurement of biological assets, as well as 
the inter-relationship between key unobservable inputs and fair value, are set out in the table below: 

Item 

Valuation approach 

Inputs used 

Inter-relationship between key unobservable inputs 
and fair value 

Biological  assets 
- 
Unharvested produce 

Based  on  FFB  weight 
multiplied by the sum of FFB 
selling price less harvesting 
cost  

FFB weight 

The higher the weight, the higher the fair value 

FFB selling price 

The higher the selling price, the higher the fair value 

Harvesting cost  

The higher the harvesting cost, the lower the fair value 

The key assumptions are considered to be FFB weight, selling price less harvesting costs and FFB production and a decrease of 1% in any of 
these would result in an $88,000 decrease in the valuation. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

104 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
   
  
   
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

15   Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 

2020 
$000 

1,354 
1,551 
1,788 
4,693 

2019 
$000 

1,775 
2,935 
1,064 
5,774 

The carrying amount of trade and other receivables classified as amortised cost approximates fair value.  

Trade receivables 
The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measure ECL using a lifetime ECL provision for trade receivables. To measure ECL on 
a collective basis, trade receivables are grouped based on similar credit risk and age.  

The expected loss rate is based on a combination of the Group’s historical credit losses experienced over the 5-year period prior to the year 
end and forward-looking information on macroeconomic factors affecting the Group’s customers. The ECL has been calculated at 1% on trade 
receivables balances. 

Other receivables 
The Group assesses the ECL associated with its debt instruments carried at amortised cost on a forward-looking basis using the three stage 
approach. The impairment methodology applied depends on whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.  

The Group considers the probability of default upon initial recognition of an asset and whether there has been significant increase in credit risk 
on an on-going basis at each reporting date. To assess whether there is a significant increase in credit risk, the Group compares the risk of 
default occurring on the asset as at the reporting date with the risk of default as at the date of initial recognition. The Group considers available, 
reasonable and supportable forward-looking information, such as:  
- 
- 
- 

internal credit rating; 
external credit rating (as far as available);  
actual or expected significant adverse changes in business, financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a significant 
change to the debtor’s ability to meet its obligation;  
significant  changes  in  the  value  of  the  collateral  supporting  the  obligation  or  in  the  quality  of  third-party  guarantees  or  credit 
enhancements; or  
significant changes in the expected performance or behaviour of the debtor, including changes in the payment status of the debtor.  

- 

- 

There has not been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition on any of the group’s financial assets therefore 12-month ECL 
have continued to be recognised on all balances other than trade receivables which are discussed above. 

Due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme 
The Group assesses the ECL on amounts due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme by considering various probability weighted outcomes. 
The three possible outcomes are considered to be: 
- 
- 
- 

recovery is limited to the value of the land and bearer plants on which the plantation is situated; 
recovery is limited to the future cashflows of the cooperative, being the FFB revenue less development costs; and 
recovery in full via bank financing obtained by the cooperative. 

Movements on the Group’s loss provision on current and non-current other receivables and financial guarantee contracts are as follows: 

At 1 January 
Loss provision during the year 
Exchange difference 
At 31 December 

2020 
$000 

6,273 
1,485 
253 
8,011 

2019 
$000 

308 
5,965 
- 
6,273 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

15   Trade and other receivables - continued 

At 31 December 2020, the expected loss provision for receivables and financial guarantee contracts is as follows:  

2020 
Trade receivable 
Other receivables (note 15) 
Receivables: non-current (note 12) 
- Due from non-controlling interests 
- Due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme 

Financial guarantee contracts (note 24) 

2019 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables (note 15) 
Receivables: non-current (note 12) 
- Due from non-controlling interests 
- Due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme 

Financial guarantee contracts (note 24) 

  Gross carrying 
amount 
$000 

1,363 
1,566 

5,548 
24,632 
33,109 
- 
33,109 

Gross carrying 
amount 
$000 

1,775 
2,979 

3,607 
19,078 
27,439 
- 
27,439 

Loss 
provision 
$000 

(9) 
(15) 

(55) 
(7,889) 
(7,968) 
(43) 
(8,011) 

Loss 
provision 
$000 

- 
(44) 

(36) 
(6,149) 
(6,229) 
(44) 
(6,273) 

Net carrying 
amount 
$000 

1,354 
1,551 

5,493 
16,743 
25,141 
(43) 
25,098 

Net carrying 
amount 
$000 

1,775 
2,935 

3,571 
12,929 
21,210 
(44) 
21,166 

16  Loans and borrowings 

Current 
Long-term loan 

Total loans and borrowings 

2020 

2019 

Book value 
$000 

Fair value 
$000 

Book value 
$000 

Fair value 
$000 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

8,203 
8,203 

8,203 

7,943 
7,943 

7,943 

A subsidiary company, PT Sawit Graha Manunggal, obtained a long-term loan of $35 million for a period of eight years (including four years 
grace repayment period) to support the capital expenditure requirement for planting, development and maintenance of oil palm estate and to 
finance oil mill construction and other property, plant and equipment owned by the subsidiary company. It  was secured by the subsidiary 
company’s land with a carrying amount of $6.7 million (2019: $5.8 million) measured at fair value and its plantation with a carrying amount of 
$21.4 million (2019: $23.0 million) as at 31 December 2020 and was guaranteed by the Company. This loan bore interest at a rate based on 
SIBOR + 4.5% + Liquidity Premium payable quarterly in arrears. Average interest rate in 2020 was about 6.75% (2019: 6.78%).  The loan was 
fully paid in 2020 and all security and guarantee arrangements had been released. 

All the loans and borrowings are denominated in USD. The effect of changes in foreign exchange rates is disclosed in note 25.  

The fair value of the items classified as loans and borrowings is disclosed below and is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy: 

2020 

2019 

Book value 
$000 

Fair value 
$000 

Book value 
$000 

Fair value 
$000 

Loans and borrowings 

- 

- 

8,203 

7,943 

The fair value for disclosure purposes has been determined using discounted cash flows. Significant inputs include the discount rate used to 
reflect the credit risk associated with the Group. The fair value reduces as higher discount rate being used. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

106 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

17   Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Advance receipts 
Accruals 

2020 
$000 

6,254 
1,387 
7,070 
11,599 
26,310 

2019 
$000 

5,028 
994 
119 
9,969 
16,110 

The carrying amount of trade and other payables classified as financial liabilities measured at amortised cost approximates fair value. Advance 
receipts from customers increased significantly due to logistic problem in Bengkulu and Kalimantan and it is expected to be recognised in full 
as revenue in the subsequent year. 

18  Deferred tax 

The movement on the deferred tax account as shown below:  

At 1 January 
Recognised in income statement:  
   Tax expense 

BA movement 

   Revaluation of leasehold land  
Recognised in other comprehensive income:  
   Revaluation of leasehold land  
   Retirement benefits 
Exchange differences 
At 31 December 

2020 
$000 

(5,796) 

(2,975) 
(61) 
(483) 

2,451 
130 
84 
(6,650) 

2019 
$000 

(8,893) 

3,220 
(930) 
245 

577 
256 
(271) 
(5,796) 

The deferred tax asset and liability, together with the amounts recognised in income statement and other comprehensive income are detailed 
as follows:  

2020 
Revaluation surplus 
Retirement benefits 
BA movement 
Unutilised tax losses 
Unremitted earnings 
Other temporary differences 
Tax assets / (liabilities) 
Set off of tax 
Net tax assets / (liabilities) 

2019 
Revaluation surplus 
Retirement benefits 
BA movement 
Unutilised tax losses 
Unremitted earnings 
Other temporary differences 
Tax assets / (liabilities) 
Set off of tax 
Net tax assets / (liabilities) 

Asset 
$000 

- 
2,944 
- 
11,360 
- 
1,489 
15,793 
(6,976) 
8,817 

- 
2,834 
- 
14,170 
- 
2,008 
19,012 
(7,761) 
11,251 

Liability 
$000 

(20,164) 
- 
(1,934) 
- 
(345) 
- 
(22,443) 
6,976 
(15,467) 

(22,479) 
- 
(2,010) 
- 
(319) 
- 
(24,808) 
7,761 
(17,047) 

Net 
$000 

(20,164) 
2,944 
(1,934) 
11,360 
(345) 
1,489 
(6,650) 
- 
(6,650) 

(22,479) 
2,834 
(2,010) 
14,170 
(319) 
2,008 
(5,796) 
- 
(5,796) 

(Charged)/ 
credited to 
income 
statement 
$000 

(Charged)/ 
credited 
to equity 
$000 

(483) 
16 
(61) 
(2,523) 
- 
(468) 
(3,519) 
- 
(3,519) 

245 
420 
(930) 
1,152 
- 
1,648 
2,535 
- 
2,535 

2,451 
130 
- 
- 
- 
- 
2,581 
- 
2,581 

577 
256 
- 
- 
- 
- 
833 
- 
833 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

107 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

18  Deferred tax - continued 

A deferred tax asset has not been recognised for the following items: 
Unutilised tax losses 

2020 
$000 

2019 
$000 

15,532 

19,142 

The Group had recognised tax assets arising from the unutilised tax losses of certain subsidiaries as the Group believes that the tax assets of 
these subsidiaries can be realised in the future periods based on their budget, due to their respective plantation assets becoming more mature 
and historically this resulting in the companies becoming profitable. However, the Group does not recognise the tax losses in certain companies 
within the Group as tax assets as the future recoverability of losses of these companies cannot be certain. The time limit on utilisation of tax 
losses is subject to the tax laws in various countries. As of 31 December 2020, the relevant time limits are 5 years in Indonesia, 7 years in 
Malaysia and unlimited in UK. At 31 December 2020, all unutilised tax losses were recognised in Indonesia. The unutilised tax losses will expire 
as per below:  

Year 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 

$000 

- 
388 
2,324 
6,602 
2,046 
11,360 

At the balance sheet date, the aggregate amount of temporary differences associated with undistributed earnings of subsidiaries for which 
deferred tax liabilities have not been recognised was $671,431,000 (2019 - $635,809,000).  No liability has been recognised in respect of these 
differences because either the Group is in a position to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences, or such a reversal would 
not give rise to an additional tax liability. The deferred tax liability on unremitted earnings recognised at the balance sheet date was related to 
the estimated dividend declared for 2020 by the subsidiaries. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

19  Retirement benefits 

The Group provides Post-Employment Benefit plans to its employees in Indonesia in accordance with Indonesian Labour Law No. 13/2003 and 
Collective Labour Agreements. These are defined benefit plans and provide lump sum benefits to employees on retirement, death, disability 
and voluntary resignation. There is no requirement for the Group to advance fund these benefits. 

The Group has set up a separate fund with PT Asuransi Allianz Life Indonesia to fund the Post-Employment Benefit plan obligation for Staff 
employees. The assets in the fund can only be used to pay the employees’ benefits. 

Up until 2020, the Non-Staff employees of five of the Group’s subsidiaries in Indonesia participated in the SKU UKINDO Pension Fund, a 
defined benefit plan. On retirement, death, disability or voluntary resignation, participating employees would receive the higher of the benefit 
from the Pension Fund and the Post-Employment Benefit plan. In early 2020, the SKU UKINDO Pension Fund was liquidated. Its assets were 
transferred to a new defined contribution plan managed by Dana Pension Lembaga Keuangan AIA Financial (“DPLK AIAF”) and allocated to 
the  individual  participants.  From  2020  onwards,  these  employees  will  receive  the  higher  of  the  benefit  from  DPLK  AIAF  and  the  Post-
Employment Benefit plan. The liquidation of the SKU UKINDO Pension Fund led to a settlement gain of $930,000 in 2020. It also resulted in a 
past service cost of $569,000 in 2020 in the Post-Employment Benefit plan for Non-Staff employees, as the DPLK AIAF plan covers a smaller 
proportion of the overall Post-Employment Benefit obligation than was previously provided by the SKU UKINDO Pension Fund.  

The Group provides other long-term employee benefits in the form of Long Service Awards for Staff and Non-Staff employees in Indonesia. 
The Long Service Awards are for amounts of up to 2 months of basic salary, paid on completion of 10 or 20 years’ continuous service (Staff) 
and on completion of 25, 30, 35, and 40 years’ continuous service (Non-Staff). These benefits are unfunded. 

The defined benefit plans are valued by an actuary at the end of each financial year. The major assumptions used by the actuary were: 

Rate of increase in wages 
Discount rate 
Mortality rate* 
Disability rate 

Service cost 

Current service cost 
Past service cost 
Settlement (gain) / loss 
Net interest expense 
Actuarial (gain) / loss 
Total employee benefits expense 

The reconciliation on the remeasurement of retirement benefit plan as shown below:  

Included in other comprehensive income:  

  Remeasurement of retirement benefit plan 
  Deferred tax on retirement benefits 

Remeasurement of retirement benefit plan, net of tax recognised in other 

comprehensive income  

2020 

2019 

8.0% 
7.0% 
100% TMI4 
10% TMI4 

8.0% 
8.0% 
100% TMI3 
10% TMI3 

2020 
$000 

1,555 
313 
(930) 
825 
30 
1,793 

2020 
$000 

(779) 
130 

(649) 

2019 
$000 

1,597 
427 
- 
734 
31 
2,789 

2019 
$000 

(1,024) 
256 

(768) 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

109 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 110 19 Retirement benefits - continued  (i) Reconciliation of defined benefit obligation and fair value of scheme assets   Defined benefit obligation Fair value of scheme assets Net defined scheme liability   Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total   $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000             At 1 January 2019 (7,246) (5,321) (12,567) 4,323 - 4,323 (2,923) (5,321) (8,244)             Service cost – current (675) (922) (1,597) - - - (675) (922) (1,597)  Service cost - past (420) (7) (427) - - - (420) (7) (427)  Interest (cost) / income (630) (485) (1,115) 381 - 381 (249) (485) (734)  Actuarial gain - (30) (30) - - - - (30) (30)  Included in income statement (1,725) (1,444) (3,169) 381 - 381 (1,344) (1,444) (2,788)             Remeasurement (loss) / gain           Actuarial (loss) / gain from:            Adjustments (experience) (144) 40 (104) - - - (144) 40 (104)  Financial assumptions (391) (367) (758) - - - (391) (367) (758)  Return on plan assets (exclude interest) - - - (162) - (162) (162) - (162)  Included in other comprehensive income (535) (327) (862) (162) - (162) (697) (327) (1,024)             Effect of movements in exchange rates (335) (250) (585) 192 - 192 (143) (250) (393)  Employer contributions - - - 637 - 637 637 - 637  Benefits paid 475 198 673 (199) - (199) 276 198 474  Other movements 140 (52) 88 630 - 630 770 (52) 718             At 31 December 2019 (9,366) (7,144) (16,510) 5,172 - 5,172 (4,194) (7,144) (11,338)     Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 110 19 Retirement benefits - continued  (i) Reconciliation of defined benefit obligation and fair value of scheme assets   Defined benefit obligation Fair value of scheme assets Net defined scheme liability   Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total   $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000             At 1 January 2019 (7,246) (5,321) (12,567) 4,323 - 4,323 (2,923) (5,321) (8,244)             Service cost – current (675) (922) (1,597) - - - (675) (922) (1,597)  Service cost - past (420) (7) (427) - - - (420) (7) (427)  Interest (cost) / income (630) (485) (1,115) 381 - 381 (249) (485) (734)  Actuarial gain - (30) (30) - - - - (30) (30)  Included in income statement (1,725) (1,444) (3,169) 381 - 381 (1,344) (1,444) (2,788)             Remeasurement (loss) / gain           Actuarial (loss) / gain from:            Adjustments (experience) (144) 40 (104) - - - (144) 40 (104)  Financial assumptions (391) (367) (758) - - - (391) (367) (758)  Return on plan assets (exclude interest) - - - (162) - (162) (162) - (162)  Included in other comprehensive income (535) (327) (862) (162) - (162) (697) (327) (1,024)             Effect of movements in exchange rates (335) (250) (585) 192 - 192 (143) (250) (393)  Employer contributions - - - 637 - 637 637 - 637  Benefits paid 475 198 673 (199) - (199) 276 198 474  Other movements 140 (52) 88 630 - 630 770 (52) 718             At 31 December 2019 (9,366) (7,144) (16,510) 5,172 - 5,172 (4,194) (7,144) (11,338)     Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2019 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 98 19 Retirement benefits - continued  (i) Reconciliation of defined benefit obligation and fair value of scheme assets (continued)   Defined benefit obligation Fair value of scheme assets Net defined scheme liability   Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total   $000 $000 $000 $000 $000   $000 $000 $000 $000             At 31 December 2018 (7,246) (5,321) (12,567) 4,323 - 4,323 (2,923) (5,321) (8,244)             Service cost - current (675) (922) (1,597) - - - (675) (922) (1,597)  Service cost - past (420) (7) (427) - - - (420) (7) (427)  Interest (cost) / income (630) (485) (1,115) 381 - 381 (249) (485) (734)  Actuarial loss - (31) (31) - - - - (31) (31)  Included in comprehensive income (1,725) (1,445) (3,170) 381 - 381 (1,344) (1,445) (2,789)   Remeasurement (loss) / gain           Actuarial (loss) / gain from:            Adjustments (experience) (144) 41 (103) - - - (144) 41 (103)  Financial assumptions (391) (367) (758) - - - (391) (367) (758)  Return on plan assets (exclude interest) - - - (162) - (162) (162) - (162)  Included in other comprehensive income (535) (326) (861) (162) - (162) (697) (326) (1,023)             Effect of movements in exchange rates (335) (250) (585) 192 - 192 (143) (250) (393)  Employer contributions - - - 637 - 637 637 - 637  Benefits paid 475 198 673 (199) - (199) 276 198 474  Other movements 140 (52) 88 630 - 630 770 (52) 718             At 31 December 2019 (9,366) (7,144) (16,510) 5,172 - 5,172 (4,194) (7,144) (11,338)  Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 111 19 Retirement benefits - continued  (i) Reconciliation of defined benefit obligation and fair value of scheme assets (continued)   Defined benefit obligation Fair value of scheme assets Net defined scheme liability   Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total   $000 $000 $000 $000 $000   $000 $000 $000 $000             At 1 January 2020 (9,366) (7,144) (16,510) 5,172 - 5,172 (4,194) (7,144) (11,338)             Service cost - current (393) (1,162) (1,555) - - - (393) (1,162) (1,555)  Service cost - past 256 (569) (313) - - - 256 (569) (313)  Settlement gain 4,742 - 4,742 (3,812) - (3,812) 930 - 930  Interest (cost) / income (307) (609) (916) 91 - 91 (216) (609) (825)  Actuarial loss - (30) (30) - - - - (30) (30)  Included in income statement 4,298 (2,370) 1,928 (3,721) - (3,721) 577 (2,370) (1,793)   Remeasurement (loss) / gain           Actuarial (loss) / gain from:            Adjustments (experience) 245 37 282 - - - 245 37 282  Demographic assumptions 89 207 296 - - - 89 207 296  Financial assumptions (334) (1,004) (1,338) - - - (334) (1,004) (1,338)  Return on plan assets (exclude interest) - - - (19) - (19) (19) - (19)  Included in other comprehensive income - (760) (760) (19) - (19) (19) (760) (779)             Effect of movements in exchange rates 282 9 291 (198) - (198) 84 9 93  Employer contributions - - - - - - - - -  Benefits paid 112 322 434 - - - 112 322 434  Other movements 394 331 725 (198) - (198) 196 331 527             At 31 December 2020 (4,674) (9,943) (14,617) 1,234 - 1,234 (3,440) (9,943) (13,383)  Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 111 19 Retirement benefits - continued  (i) Reconciliation of defined benefit obligation and fair value of scheme assets (continued)   Defined benefit obligation Fair value of scheme assets Net defined scheme liability   Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total Funded scheme Unfunded scheme  Total   $000 $000 $000 $000 $000   $000 $000 $000 $000             At 1 January 2020 (9,366) (7,144) (16,510) 5,172 - 5,172 (4,194) (7,144) (11,338)             Service cost - current (393) (1,162) (1,555) - - - (393) (1,162) (1,555)  Service cost - past 256 (569) (313) - - - 256 (569) (313)  Settlement gain 4,742 - 4,742 (3,812) - (3,812) 930 - 930  Interest (cost) / income (307) (609) (916) 91 - 91 (216) (609) (825)  Actuarial loss - (30) (30) - - - - (30) (30)  Included in income statement 4,298 (2,370) 1,928 (3,721) - (3,721) 577 (2,370) (1,793)   Remeasurement (loss) / gain           Actuarial (loss) / gain from:            Adjustments (experience) 245 37 282 - - - 245 37 282  Demographic assumptions 89 207 296 - - - 89 207 296  Financial assumptions (334) (1,004) (1,338) - - - (334) (1,004) (1,338)  Return on plan assets (exclude interest) - - - (19) - (19) (19) - (19)  Included in other comprehensive income - (760) (760) (19) - (19) (19) (760) (779)             Effect of movements in exchange rates 282 9 291 (198) - (198) 84 9 93  Employer contributions - - - - - - - - -  Benefits paid 112 322 434 - - - 112 322 434  Other movements 394 331 725 (198) - (198) 196 331 527             At 31 December 2020 (4,674) (9,943) (14,617) 1,234 - 1,234 (3,440) (9,943) (13,383)  Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2019 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 108 27 Non-controlling interests  The Group identified subsidiaries with material non-controlling interests (“NCI”) based on the total assets in relation to the Group. A subsidiary's NCI is material if the subsidiary contributed more than 10% of the Group's total assets. The subsidiaries identified and their summarised financial information, before intra-group eliminations, are presented below:   Entity PT Tasik Raja PT Mitra Puding Mas PT Alno Agro Utama PT Bina Pitri Jaya PT Sawit Graha Manunggal 18% NCI percentage 20% 10% 10% 20% Summarised income statement           For the year ended 31 December 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Revenue 45,786 47,054 27,121 32,557 40,403 49,149 36,060 43,970 32,022 34,507 (Loss) / Profit after tax (31,473) 12,043 3,898 6,689 1,653 5,632 6,225 16,158 12,482 (3,458) Other comprehensive income / (expense) 7,208 (12,219) 3,384 (4,845) 3,962 (5,205) 6,438 (8,953) (21) 203 Total comprehensive (expenses) / income (24,265) (176) 7,280 1,844 5,615 427 12,663 7,205 12,461 (3,255)            (Loss) / Profit allocated to NCI (6,295) 2,409 390 669 165 563 1,245 3,232 2,272 (629) Other comprehensive income / (expenses) allocated to NCI 1,442 (2,444) 338 (485) 396 (521) 1,288 (1,791) (4) 37 Total comprehensive (expenses) / income allocated to NCI (4,853) (35) 728 184 561 42 2,533 1,441 2,268 (592) Dividends paid to NCI - - 56 8 3 11 32 32 - -            Summarised statement of financial position           As at 31 December 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Non-current assets 123,795 252,877 76,145 35,923 66,899 49,829 129,742 106,720 81,655 80,325 Current assets 15,948 40,901 7,158 41,094 25,386 36,560 12,927 25,233 14,941 40,137 Non-current liabilities (4,686) (123,803) (3,807) (3,332) (8,088) (7,069) (3,561) (3,209) (77,001) (82,382) Current liabilities (3,600) (12,912) (3,656) (4,183) (3,377) (3,575) (3,915) (4,917) (11,089) (42,033) Net assets 131,457 157,063 75,840 69,502 80,820 75,745 135,193 123,827 8,506 (3,953)            Accumulated NCI 26,291 31,413 7,584 6,950 8,082 7,575 27,039 24,765 1,548 (719)            Summarised cash flows           For the year ended 31 December 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Cash flows (used in) / from operating activities (505) 16,548 (13,443) (13,805) 9,688 (2,308) 4,158 16,591 15,404 (942) Cash flows from / (used in) investing activities 103,978 (21,005) (631) (1,958) (17,593) (3,187) (12,654) (20,502) (5,285) (7,519) Cash flows (used in) / from financing activities (122,378) 25,697 (557) (77) (5) (21) (45) (159) (10,575) 9,247 Net cash (outflows) / inflows (18,905) 21,240 (14,631) (15,840) (7,910) (5,516) (8,541) (4,070) (456) 786   Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

19  Retirement benefits - continued 

(ii)  Disaggregation of defined benefit scheme assets 

The fair value of the funded assets is analysed as follows:  

Bonds 
-  Corporate bonds 
-  Mutual fund bonds 

Cash / deposits 

2020 
$000 

7 
282 
289 

945 
1,234 

2019 
$000 

24 
288 
312 

4,860 
5,172 

None of the plan assets are invested in the Group’s own financial instruments, property or other assets used by the Group. All plan assets 
invested in bonds which have a quoted market price in an active market. 

(iii)  Defined benefit obligation - sensitivity analysis 

The following table exhibits the sensitivity of the Group’s retirement benefits to the fluctuation in the discount rate, wages and mortality rate: 

Discount rate 
Growth in wages 
Future mortality rate  

Reasonably 
Possible 
Change 

 (+ / - 1%) 
(+ / - 1%) 
(+ / - 10%) 

Defined benefit obligation 
Decrease 
Increase 
$000 
$000 

(1,450) 
1,719 
70 

1,686 
(1,504) 
(70) 

The weighted average duration of the defined benefit obligation is 15.57 years (2019: 14.65 years). 

The total contribution paid into the defined contribution plan in 2020 amounted to $209,000. The Group expects to pay contributions of $442,000 
to the funded plans in 2021. For the unfunded plans, the Group pays the benefits directly to the individuals; the Group expects to make direct 
benefit payments of $250,000 for defined benefit plan and $246,000 for defined contribution plan in 2021. 

20  Share capital and treasury shares 

Ordinary shares of 25p each 
Beginning and end of year 

       Treasury shares: 
Beginning of year 
Share options exercised 
End of year 

Market value of treasury shares: 
Beginning of year (574.0p/share) 
End of year (583.0p/share) 

Authorised 
Number 

Issued and 
fully paid 
Number 

Authorised 
£000 

Issued and  
fully paid 
£000 

Authorised 
$000 

Issued and 
fully paid 
$000 

60,000,000 

39,976,272 

15,000 

9,994 

23,865 

15,504 

2020 
Number 
339,900 
- 
339,900 

2019 
Number 
339,900 
- 
339,900 

Cost 
2020 
$’000 
(1,171) 
- 
(1,171) 

Cost 
2019 
$’000 
(1,171) 
- 
(1,171) 

$’000 
2,577 
2,705 

No treasury share was purchased in 2020 (2019: Nil). 

All fully paid ordinary shares have full voting rights, as well as to receive the distribution of dividends and repayment of capital upon winding up 
of company. 

21  Ultimate controlling shareholder 

At 31 December 2020, Genton International Limited (“Genton”), a company registered in Hong Kong, held 20,247,814 (2019: 20,247,814) 
shares of the Company representing 51.1% (2019: 51.1%) of the issued share capital of the Company. Together with other deemed interested 
parties, Genton‘s shareholding totals 20,551,914 or 51.9%. Madam Lim Siew Kim, a Director of the Company, has advised the Company that 
she is the controlling shareholder of Genton International Limited.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

112 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

22  Related party transactions 

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed 
in this note. 

An office premises lease agreement was entered with Infra Sari Sdn Bhd, a company controlled by Madam Lim Siew Kim. The rental paid 
during the year was $345,559 (2019: $352,845). There was no balance outstanding at the year end (2019: Nil). 

In 2019, a land lease agreement was entered with Kuang Rong Holdings Sdn Bhd, company controlled by Madam Lim Siew Kim. The rental 
paid during the year was $79,914 (2019: $33,871). There was no balance outstanding at the year end. 

In 2020, the final dividend paid to Genton International Limited, a company controlled by Madam Lim Siew Kim, was $107,239 for the year 
ended 31 December 2019 (2019: $607,434 for the year ended 31 December 2018). The final dividend paid to other companies controlled by 
Madam Lim Siew Kim was $1,521 for the year ended 31 December 2019 (2019: $9,123 for the year ended 31 December 2018).  There was 
no balance outstanding at the year end. 

23   Reserves  

Nature and purpose of each reserve: 

Share capital 

Share premium  

Amount of shares subscribed at nominal value. 

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 

Capital redemption reserve    

Amounts transferred from share capital on redemption of issued shares. 

Treasury shares 

Cost of own shares held in treasury. 

Revaluation reserves  

Gains/losses arising on the revaluation of the Group's property, net of tax. 

Exchange reserves 

Gains/losses arising from translating the net assets of overseas operations into US Dollar. 

Retained earnings 

Cumulative net gains and losses recognised in the consolidated income statement. 

24  Guarantees and other financial commitments 

Capital commitments at 31 December 
Contracted but not provided - normal estate operations 
Authorised but not contracted - plantation and mill development       

2020 
$000 

29 
49,721 

2019 
$000 

14 
13,073 

A subsidiary company, PT Sawit Graha Manunggal (“SGM”) has provided a corporate guarantee to Koperasi Bartim Sawit Sejahtera (“KBSS”), 
a party under Plasma scheme as disclosed in note 12, in relation to a loan taken by KBSS from PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk. of Rp226.02 
billion ($16.0 million) (2019: Rp226.02 billion, $16.3 million). The corporate guarantee remains until the loan is fully settled by 23 December 
2027. The HGU (land right) that belongs to the Plasma scheme is currently held under SGM’s master title. An application to separate the HGU 
was submitted to the Land Office and the land and its plantation with a total carrying amount of $10.5 million as at 31 December 2020 will be 
pledged to the bank as security once the title separation approval is obtained. In addition, the terms and conditions of the loan agreement also 
require KBSS to sell all its FFB produce to SGM and the plantation estate is to be managed by SGM. In view of these, the Group exposure to 
this contingent liability is minimised. 

On  3  February  2017,  a  subsidiary  company,  PT  Alno  Agro  Utama  and  Koperasi  Perkebunan  Plasma  Maju  Sejahtera  (“KPPM”)  signed  a 
Refinancing Agreement with PT Bank Syariah Mandiri ("BSM") to fund its plasma development. The Agreement provides a loan of Rp 8.75 
billion ($0.6 million), with 10 (Ten) years maturity period effective from 24 July 2017 with an interest rate of 13.25% per annum. KPPM pledges 
its  147.04  hectares  oil  palm  plantation  located  in  Desa  Serami  Baru,  Kecamatan  Malin  Deman,  Kabupaten  Mukomuko,  Bengkulu  and  its 
plantation  with  a  carrying  amount  of  $0.7  million  as  at  31  December  2020  as  security  under  the  agreement  while  the  Company  provides 
corporate guarantee amounting to Rp 8.75 billion ($0.6 million). 

The Group’s loss provision on these financial guarantee contracts was $43,000 (2019: $44,000). The details of the ECL were disclosed in note 
15. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

113 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

25  Disclosure of financial instruments and other risks 

The Group's principal financial instruments comprised cash, short and long-term bank loans, trade receivables and payables and receivables 
from local partners in respect of their investments. 

The Group’s accounting classification of each class of financial asset and liability at 31 December 2020 and 2019 were: 

2020 
Non-current receivables 
Trade and other receivables 
Short-term investments 
Cash and cash equivalent 
Loans and borrowings due within one year 
Trade and other payables 

2019 
Non-current receivables 
Trade and other receivables 
Short-term investments 
Cash and cash equivalent 
Loans and borrowings due within one year 
Trade and other payables 

Amortised 
cost 
$000 

22,236 
2,905 
1,957 
115,211 
- 
- 
142,309 

Amortised cost 
$000 

16,500 
4,710 
- 
84,846 
- 
- 
106,056 

Financial 
 liabilities at 
amortised cost 
$000 

Total carrying 
value  
$000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(26,310) 
(26,310) 

22,236 
2,905 
1,957 
115,211 
- 
(26,310) 
115,999 

Financial  
liabilities at 
amortised cost 
$000 

Total carrying 
value  
$000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
(8,203) 
(16,110) 
(24,313) 

16,500 
4,710 
- 
84,846 
(8,203) 
(16,110) 
81,743 

Financial instruments not measured at fair value  
Financial instruments not measured at fair value include cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables, 
borrowings due within one year and non-current receivables.  

Due  to  their  short-term  nature,  the  carrying  value  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  trade  and  other  receivables,  trade  and  other  payables 
approximates their fair value. The non-current receivables were measured at cost less ECL however disclosure of fair value has been given in 
note 12 for comparison purposes. 

Please refer to the applicable notes for details of the fair value hierarchy, valuation techniques, and significant unobservable inputs related to 
determining the fair value of the following items: 
  -  Non-current receivables (note 12); and 
  -  Loans and borrowings (note 16). 

The principal financial risks to which the Group is exposed are: 
-  commodity selling price changes; and 
-  exchange movements; 
which, in turn, can affect financial instruments and/or operating performance. 

The Company does not hedge any of its risks. Its trade credit risks are low. There are no financial assets or liabilities that are held at fair value 
through the profit or loss. 

The Board is directly responsible for setting policies in relation to financial risk management and monitors the levels of the main risks through 
review of regular operational reports. 

Commodity selling prices 
The Group does not normally contract to sell produce more than one month ahead.   

Currency risk 
Most of the Group's operations are in Indonesia. The Company and Group accounts are prepared in US Dollar which is not the functional 
currency of the operating subsidiaries. The Group does not hedge its net investment in its overseas subsidiaries and is therefore exposed to a 
currency risk on that investment. The historical cost of investment (including intercompany loans) by the parent in its subsidiaries amounted to 
$54,573,000 (2019: $55,797,000), while the balance sheet value of the Group's share of underlying assets at 31 December 2020 amounted to 
$428,681,000 (2019: $401,157,000). 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

114 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

25  Disclosure of financial instruments and other risks - continued 

Currency risk - continued 
All the Group's sales are made in local currency and any trade receivables are therefore denominated in local currency. No hedging is therefore 
necessary. 

Selling prices of the Group's produce are directly related to the US Dollar denominated world prices. Appreciation of local currencies, therefore, 
reduces profits and cash flow of the Indonesian and Malaysian subsidiaries in US Dollar terms and vice versa. 

All remaining borrowings of the Group’s subsidiaries had been fully paid in 2020 and therefore there was no longer any currency risk for the 
Group in respect of this. The average interest rate on local currency deposits  was 4.02% higher (2019: 4.44% higher) than on US Dollar 
deposits whereas interest rate for local currency borrowing was about 1.25% higher (2019: 2.72% higher) as compared to US Dollar borrowing. 
The unmatched balance at 31 December 2020 is represented by the $13,803,000 shown in the table below (2019: $5,910,000). If the Group’s 
net cash position continues to improve, then US Dollar cash balances will continue to increase through 2021. 

The table below shows the net monetary assets and liabilities of the Group as at 31 December 2020 and 2019 that were not denominated in 
the operating or functional currency of the operating unit involved. 

Functional currency of Group operation 
2020 
Rupiah 
US Dollar 
Ringgit 
Total 

2019 
Rupiah 
US Dollar 
Ringgit 
Total 

Net foreign currency assets/(liabilities) 

US Dollar 
$000 

Sterling 
$000 

12,086 
- 
1,717 
13,803 

3,882 
- 
2,028 
5,910 

- 
259 
- 
259 

- 
475 
- 
475 

Total 
$000 

12,086 
259 
1,717 
14,062 

3,882 
475 
2,028 
6,385 

The following table summarises the sensitivity of the Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities to foreign exchange risk. The impact on 
profit before tax and equity if Ringgit or Rupiah strengthen or weaken by 10% against US Dollar is: 

2020 

2019 

Carrying 
Amount 
US$ 
$000 

-10% in 
  Rp : $ and 
RM : $ 
$000 

+10% in 
  Rp : $ and 
RM : $ 
$000 

Carrying 
Amount 
US$ 
$000 

-10% in 
  Rp : $ and 
RM : $ 
$000 

+10% in 
Rp : $ and 
RM : $ 
$000 

22,236 
2,905 
1,957 
115,211 

- 

(26,310)   

(1,522) 
(261) 
(178) 
(10,433) 

- 
2,279 
(10,115) 

1,860 
319 
217 
12,752 

- 
(2,785) 
12,363 

16,500 
4,710 
- 
84,846 

(8,203)   
(16,110)   

(1,172)   
(243)   
- 

(7,651)   

746 
1,349 
(6,971)   

1,432 
297 
- 
9,352 

(911) 
(1,649) 
8,521 

Financial Assets 
Non-current receivables 
Trade and other receivables 
Short-term investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial Liabilities 
Borrowings due within one year 
Trade and other payables 
Total (decrease) / increase 

Liquidity risk 
Profitability of new sizable plantations normally requires a period of between six and seven years before cash flow turns positive. Because oil 
palms do not begin yielding significantly until four years after planting, this development period and the cash requirement is affected by changes 
in commodity prices. 

The Group attempts to ensure that it is likely to have either self-generated funds or further loan/equity capital to complete its development plans 
and to meet loan repayments. Long-term forecasts are updated twice a year for review by the Board. In the event that falling commodity prices 
reduce  self-generated  funds  below  expectations  and  to  a  level  where  Group  resources  may  be  insufficient,  further  new  planting  may  be 
restricted. Consideration is given to the funds required to bring existing immature plantings to maturity. 

The Group’s trade and tax payables are all due for settlement within a year. At 31 December 2020, the Group had no external loans and 
facilities. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

115 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

25  Disclosure of financial instruments and other risks - continued 

Liquidity risk - continued 
The total loan borrowings together with interest at current rates are as follows: 

Principal 
Interest 
Total 

Amount repayable within one year 

All loans had been fully paid in 2020.  

          2020 
$000 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

2019 
$000 

8,203 
278 
8,481 

8,481 
8,481 

All the long-term loans include varying covenants covering minimum net worth and cash balances, dividend and interest cover and debt service 
ratios. The subsidiary companies concerned have complied with the covenants as stated in the loan agreement. 

The following table sets out the undiscounted contractual cashflows of financial liabilities:   

Less than 
1 year 
$000 

Between 1 
and 2 years 
$000 

Between 2 
and 5 years 
$000 

More than 5 
years 
$000 

At 31 December 2020 
Trade and other payables 
Lease liabilities 

Financial guarantee contracts  
  provided to Plasma 
 - loan repayment by Plasma 

At 31 December 2019 
Trade and other payables 
Lease liabilities 

Financial guarantee contracts provided  
  to Plasma 
 - loan repayment by Plasma 

(7,641) 
(257) 
(7,898) 

(773) 
(8,671) 

(6,022) 
(258) 
(6,280) 

(306) 
(6,586) 

- 
(222) 
(222) 

(2,535) 
(2,757) 

- 
(258) 
(258) 

(1,956) 
(2,214) 

The figures for trade and other payables excludes accruals and advance receipts. 

The Group does not face a significant liquidity risk with regard to its financial liabilities. 

Total 

$000 

(7,641) 
(479) 
(8,120) 

- 
- 
- 

(107) 
(107) 

(4,343) 
(12,463) 

- 
- 
- 

(6,022) 
(740) 
(6,762) 

- 
- 
- 

(928) 
(928) 

- 
(224) 
(224) 

(2,165) 
(2,389) 

(284) 
(284) 

(4,711) 
(11,473) 

Interest rate risk 
Both the Group's surplus cash and its borrowings are subject to variable interest rates. The Group had net cash throughout 2020, so the effect 
of variations in borrowing rates is more than offset.  A 1% change in the borrowing or deposit interest rate would not have a significant impact 
on the Group’s reported results as shown in the table below. The rates on borrowings are set out in note 16. 

2020 

2019 

Carrying 
amount  
$000 

-1% in 
interest rate 
$000 

+1% in 
interest rate 
$000 

Carrying 
amount  
$000   

-1% in 
interest rate 
$000 

+1% in 
interest rate 
$000 

Financial Assets 
Short-term investments 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial Liabilities 
Borrowings due within one year 
Total (decrease) / increase 

1,957 
115,211 

- 

(18) 
(1,102) 

- 
(1,120) 

16 
1,118 

- 
1,134 

-   
84,846   

(8,203)   

- 
(810) 

82 
(728) 

There is no policy to hedge interest rates, partly because of the net cash position and the net interest income position of the Group.   

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

- 
810 

(82) 
728 

116 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

25  Disclosure of financial instruments and other risks - continued 

Interest rate risk - continued 
Interest rate profiles of the Group's financial assets (comprising non-current receivables, trade and other receivables and cash) at 31 December 
were: 

2020 
Sterling 
US Dollar 
Rupiah 
Ringgit 
Total 

2019 
Sterling 
US Dollar 
Rupiah 
Ringgit 
Total 

Total   
$000   

Fixed rate 
$000 

  Variable rate 
$000 

  No interest 
$000 

259   
17,805   
119,483   
4,762   
142,309   

475   
17,868   
83,316   
4,397   
106,056   

- 
5,493 
- 
- 
5,493 

- 
3,607 
- 
- 
3,607 

21 
8,782 
101,089 
3,546 
113,438 

20 
8,892 
68,687 
3,393 
80,992 

238 
3,530 
18,394 
1,216 
23,378 

455 
5,369 
14,629 
1,004 
21,457 

Long-term  receivables  of  $5,548,000  (2019:  $3,607,000)  comprise  US  Dollar  denominated  amounts  due  from  non-controlling  interests  as 
described in note 12 on which interest is due at a fixed rate of 6%. 

Average US Dollar deposit rate in 2020 was 1.75% (2019: 2.43%) and Rupiah deposit rate was 5.77% (2019: 6.86%). 

Interest rate profiles of the Group's financial liabilities (comprising bank loans and other financial liabilities and trade and other payables) at 31 
December were: 

2020 
Sterling 
US Dollar 
Rupiah 
Ringgit 
Total 

2019 
Sterling 
US Dollar 
Rupiah 
Ringgit 
Total 

Total   
$000   

Fixed rate 
$000 

  Variable rate 
$000 

  No interest 
$000 

-   
(1,109)   
(24,746)   
(455)   
(26,310)   

-   
(9,338)   
(14,750)   
(225)   
(24,313)   

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

(8,203)   

- 
- 

(8,203)   

- 
(1,109) 
(24,746) 
(455) 
(26,310) 

- 
(1,135) 
(14,750) 
(225) 
(16,110) 

Weighted average interest rate on variable rate borrowings was 6.75% in 2020 (2019: 6.78%). 

Credit risk 
The Group has two types of financial assets that are subject to the ECL model:  
• 
•  

Trade receivables for sales of goods and services; and 
Current and non-current receivables carried at amortised cost.  

The Group also has financial guarantee contracts for which the ECL model is also applicable.  

While cash and cash equivalents are also subject to the impairment requirements as set out in IFRS 9, there is no impairment loss identified 
given the financial strength of the financial institutions in which the Group have a relationship with. Credit risk arises from cash and cash 
equivalents and deposits with banks and financial institutions. The Group has taken necessary steps and precautions in minimising the credit 
risk by lodging cash and cash equivalents only with reputable licensed banks, and particularly in Indonesia, independently rated banks with a 
minimum rating of “A”. The cash and cash equivalents are in US dollars, Rupiah, Ringgit and Sterling according to the requirements of the 
Group. The list of the principal banks used by the Group is given on the inside of the back cover of this report. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

117 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

25  Disclosure of financial instruments and other risks - continued 

Credit risk – continued 
The Group use three categories for those receivables which reflect their credit risk and how the loss provision is determined for those categories.  

(i) 

Trade receivables using the simplified approach  

The Group applies the simplified approach under IFRS 9 to measure ECL, which uses a lifetime expected loss provision for all  trade 
receivables. To measure the expected losses, trade receivables have been grouped based on shared credit risk characteristics  and 
days past due.  

The expected loss rates are based on historical payment profiles of sales and the corresponding historical credit losses experienced 
during these periods. The historical loss rates are adjusted to reflect current and forward-looking information on macroeconomic factors 
(such as palm product prices and crude oil price) affecting the ability of the customers to settle the receivables. The historical loss rates 
will be adjusted based on the expected changes in these factors. No significant changes to estimation techniques or assumptions were 
made during the reporting period.  

In determining the expected loss rates, the Group also takes into consideration the collateral or payments received in advance, as set 
out below:  

Receivables are generally collected within the credit term and therefore there is minimal exposure to doubtful debts. Upfront payments 
are also collected for certain sales made by the Group’s subsidiaries in Indonesia. 

The Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk and loss provision recognised as at 31 December 2020 is disclosed in note 15. The ECL 
has been calculated at 1% on trade receivables balances while the remaining amount in which no ECL provision was recognised is 
deemed to be recoverable, with low probability of default. Default is defined by the management as the non-repayment of the balance. 

(i) 

Debt instruments at amortised costs other than trade receivables using the three-stage approach 

All of the Group’s debt instruments at amortised costs other than trade receivables are considered to have a low credit risk, except 
amount  due  from  cooperatives  under  Plasma  scheme  are  considered  to  have  higher  credit  risk,  as  these  were  considered  to  be 
performing, have low risks of default and historically there were minimal instances where contractual cash flow obligations have  not 
been met. There has not been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition. 

The 12-month ECL has been calculated at 1% on the majority of balances (unless it has been considered there to be no ECL), with the 
exception of amounts due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme where the ECL is largely calculated, having considered various 
probability weighted outcomes, as being the balance of the receivable in excess of the value of the associated land and plantation assets 
on which the Plasma land resides which effectively would be returned to the Company if the receivable is not repaid. 

The maximum exposure to credit risks for debt instruments at amortised cost other than trade receivables are represented by the carrying 
amounts recognised in the statements of financial position. 

(ii) 

Financial guarantee contracts using the three-stage approach 

All of the financial guarantee contracts are considered to be performing, have low risks of default and historically there were no instances 
where  these  financial  guarantee  contracts  were  called  upon  by  the  parties  of  which  the  financial  guarantee  contracts  were  issued. 
Accordingly,12-month ECL have been recognised at 1% on the financial guarantee contracts and disclosed in note 24. 

Information regarding other non-current assets and trade and other receivables that are neither past due nor impaired is disclosed in notes 12 
and 15 respectively. Amounts receivable from local partners, amounting to $5,548,000 (2019: $3,607,000), in relation to their investments in 
operating subsidiaries are secured on those investments and are repayable from their share of dividends from those subsidiaries. 

Amounts receivable due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme, as disclosed in note 12, are unsecured and are to be repaid from FFB 
supplied by the cooperatives. The provision of ECL for amounts receivable due from cooperatives under Plasma scheme had been disclosed 
in note 15. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

118 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

25  Disclosure of financial instruments and other risks - continued 

Credit risk – continued 
Deposits with banks and other financial institutions, investment securities and derivatives that are neither past due nor impaired are placed, or 
entered into, with reputable financial institutions or companies with high credit ratings and no history of default. 

As the Group does not hold any collateral, the maximum exposure to credit risk for each class of financial instrument is the carrying amount 
presented  on  the  statement  of  financial  position,  except  in  the  case  of  the  financial  guarantee  contracts  offered  by  two  subsidiaries  to 
cooperatives in order for them to obtain bank loans in 2013 and 2017, which are not held on the statement of financial position of the Group. 
See note 24. 

Capital  
The Group defines its Capital as Share capital and Reserves, shown in the statement of financial position as "Issued capital  attributable to 
owners of the parent" and amounting to $428,681,000 at 31 December 2020 (2019: $401,157,000). 

Group policy presently attempts to fund development from self-generated funds and loans and not from the issue of new share capital.  At 31 
December 2020, the Group had no net borrowings (2019: Nil) but, depending on market conditions, the Board is prepared for the Group to 
have net borrowings. 

Plantation industry risk 
Please refer to pages 34 - 39. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

119 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

26  Subsidiary companies 

The principal subsidiaries of the Company all of which have been included in these consolidated financial statements are as follows: 

Name 

  Principal sub-holding company 
    Anglo-Indonesian Oil Palms Limited 

Country of 
incorporation and 
principal place of 
business 

Proportion of 
ownership interest at 
31 December 
2019 

2020 

Non-controlling 
interests ownership / 
voting interest at 31 
December 
2019 

2020 

United Kingdom 

100% 

100% 

  Management company 

Indopalm Services Limited 

    Anglo-Eastern Plantations Management Sdn Bhd  
    PT Anglo-Eastern Plantations Management Indonesia 

United Kingdom 
Malaysia 
Indonesia 

  Operating companies 
    Anglo-Eastern Plantations (M) Sdn Bhd  
    All For You Sdn Bhd  
    PT Alno Agro Utama  
    PT Anak Tasik   
    PT Bangka Malindo Lestari 
    PT Bina Pitri Jaya 
    PT Cahaya Pelita Andhika 
    PT Empat Lawang Agro Perkasa 
    PT Hijau Pryan Perdana 
       PT Kahayan Agro Plantation 
    PT Karya Kencana Sentosa Tiga 
    PT Mitra Puding Mas  
    PT Musam Utjing 
    PT Riau Agrindo Agung 
    PT Sawit Graha Manunggal 
    PT Simpang Ampat 
    PT Tasik Raja 
    PT United Kingdom Indonesia Plantations 

Malaysia 
Malaysia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 
Indonesia 

Dormant companies 

The Ampat (Sumatra) Rubber Estate (1913) Limited 
Gadek Indonesia (1975) Limited 
Mergerset (1980) Limited 
Musam Indonesia Limited 

United Kingdom 
United Kingdom 
United Kingdom 
United Kingdom 

100% 
100% 
100% 

55% 
100% 
90% 
100% 
95% 
80% 
90% 
95% 
80% 
78% 
95% 
90% 
75% 
95% 
82% 
100% 
80% 
75% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 

55% 
100% 
90% 
100% 
95% 
80% 
90% 
95% 
80% 
78% 
95% 
90% 
75% 
95% 
82% 
100% 
80% 
75% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

- 

- 
- 
- 

45% 
- 
10% 
- 
5% 
20% 
10% 
5% 
20% 
22% 
5% 
10% 
25% 
5% 
18% 
- 
20% 
25% 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

45% 
- 
10% 
- 
5% 
20% 
10% 
5% 
20% 
22% 
5% 
10% 
25% 
5% 
18% 
- 
20% 
25% 

- 
- 
- 
- 

The principal United Kingdom sub-holding company, UK management company and UK dormant companies are registered in England and 
Wales  and  are  direct  subsidiaries  of  the  Company.  The  Malaysian  operating  companies  and  management  company  are  incorporated  in 
Malaysia and are direct subsidiaries of the Company. The Indonesian operating companies and management company are incorporated in 
Indonesia and are direct subsidiaries of the principal sub-holding company. The principal activity of the operating companies is plantation 
agriculture. The registered office of the principal subsidiaries are disclosed below:  

Subsidiaries by country 
UK registered subsidiaries 

Malaysia registered subsidiaries 

Indonesia registered subsidiaries 

Registered address 
Quadrant House, 6th Floor 
4 Thomas More Square 
London E1W 1YW 
United Kingdom 

7th Floor, Wisma Equity 
150 Jalan Ampang 
50450 Kuala Lumpur 
Malaysia 

3rd Floor, Wisma HSBC, Jalan Diponegoro, Kav 11 
Medan 20152 
North Sumatera 
Indonesia 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

120 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 121 27 Non-controlling interests  The Group identified subsidiaries with material non-controlling interests (“NCI”) based on the total assets in relation to the Group. A subsidiary's NCI is material if the subsidiary contributed more than 10% of the Group's total assets. The subsidiaries identified and their summarised financial information, before intra-group eliminations, are presented below:   Entity PT Tasik Raja PT Mitra Puding Mas PT Alno Agro Utama PT Bina Pitri Jaya PT Sawit Graha Manunggal 18% NCI percentage 20% 10% 10% 20% Summarised income statement           For the year ended 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Revenue 59,166 45,786 37,492 27,121 51,944 40,403 46,865 36,060 42,782 32,022 Profit / (Loss) after tax 8,554 (31,473) 5,236 3,896 6,381 1,653 9,162 6,225 6,394 12,482 Other comprehensive (expense) / income (1,693) 7,208 (761) 3,384 (556) 3,962 (1,729) 6,438 232 (21) Total comprehensive income / (expense) 6,861 (24,265) 4,475 7,280 5,825 5,615 7,433 12,663 6,626 12,461            Profit / (Loss) allocated to NCI 1,711 (6,295) 524 390 638 165 1,832 1,245 1,164 2,272 Other comprehensive (expenses) / income allocated to NCI (339) 1,442 (76) 338 (56) 396 (346) 1,288 42 (4) Total comprehensive income / (expenses) allocated to NCI 1,372 (4,853) 448 728 582 561 1,486 2,533 1,206 2,268 Dividends paid to NCI 3 - 35 56 2 3 24 32 - -            Summarised statement of financial position           As at 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Non-current assets 116,199 123,795 77,561 76,145 70,280 66,899 136,076 129,742 81,483 81,655 Current assets 32,177 15,948 11,033 7,158 32,217 25,386 16,029 12,927 16,456 14,941 Non-current liabilities (4,210) (4,686) (3,674) (3,807) (7,966) (8,088) (3,594) (3,561) (74,945) (77,001) Current liabilities (5,395) (3,600) (4,801) (3,656) (7,670) (3,377) (5,593) (3,915) (7,896) (11,089) Net assets 138,771 131,457 80,119 75,840 86,861 80,820 142,918 135,193 15,098 8,506            Accumulated NCI 27,754 26,291 8,012 7,584 8,686 8,082 28,584 27,039 2,748 1,548            Summarised cash flows           For the year ended 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Cash flows from / (used in) operating activities 8,297 (505) 1,850 (13,443) 10,133 9,688 3,792 4,158 15,853 15,404 Cash flows from / (used in) investing activities 2,641 103,978 (996) (631) (2,559) (17,593) (344) (12,654) (4,145) (5,285) Cash flows (used in) / from financing activities (13) (122,378) (343) (557) (483) (5) (33) (45) (11,297) (10,575) Net cash inflows / (outflows) 10,925 (18,905) 511 (14,631) 7,091 (7,910) 3,415 (8,541) 411 (456)   Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 121 27 Non-controlling interests  The Group identified subsidiaries with material non-controlling interests (“NCI”) based on the total assets in relation to the Group. A subsidiary's NCI is material if the subsidiary contributed more than 10% of the Group's total assets. The subsidiaries identified and their summarised financial information, before intra-group eliminations, are presented below:   Entity PT Tasik Raja PT Mitra Puding Mas PT Alno Agro Utama PT Bina Pitri Jaya PT Sawit Graha Manunggal 18% NCI percentage 20% 10% 10% 20% Summarised income statement           For the year ended 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Revenue 59,166 45,786 37,492 27,121 51,944 40,403 46,865 36,060 42,782 32,022 Profit / (Loss) after tax 8,554 (31,473) 5,236 3,896 6,381 1,653 9,162 6,225 6,394 12,482 Other comprehensive (expense) / income (1,693) 7,208 (761) 3,384 (556) 3,962 (1,729) 6,438 232 (21) Total comprehensive income / (expense) 6,861 (24,265) 4,475 7,280 5,825 5,615 7,433 12,663 6,626 12,461            Profit / (Loss) allocated to NCI 1,711 (6,295) 524 390 638 165 1,832 1,245 1,164 2,272 Other comprehensive (expenses) / income allocated to NCI (339) 1,442 (76) 338 (56) 396 (346) 1,288 42 (4) Total comprehensive income / (expenses) allocated to NCI 1,372 (4,853) 448 728 582 561 1,486 2,533 1,206 2,268 Dividends paid to NCI 3 - 35 56 2 3 24 32 - -            Summarised statement of financial position           As at 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Non-current assets 116,199 123,795 77,561 76,145 70,280 66,899 136,076 129,742 81,483 81,655 Current assets 32,177 15,948 11,033 7,158 32,217 25,386 16,029 12,927 16,456 14,941 Non-current liabilities (4,210) (4,686) (3,674) (3,807) (7,966) (8,088) (3,594) (3,561) (74,945) (77,001) Current liabilities (5,395) (3,600) (4,801) (3,656) (7,670) (3,377) (5,593) (3,915) (7,896) (11,089) Net assets 138,771 131,457 80,119 75,840 86,861 80,820 142,918 135,193 15,098 8,506            Accumulated NCI 27,754 26,291 8,012 7,584 8,686 8,082 28,584 27,039 2,748 1,548            Summarised cash flows           For the year ended 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Cash flows from / (used in) operating activities 8,297 (505) 1,850 (13,443) 10,133 9,688 3,792 4,158 15,853 15,404 Cash flows from / (used in) investing activities 2,641 103,978 (996) (631) (2,559) (17,593) (344) (12,654) (4,145) (5,285) Cash flows (used in) / from financing activities (13) (122,378) (343) (557) (483) (5) (33) (45) (11,297) (10,575) Net cash inflows / (outflows) 10,925 (18,905) 511 (14,631) 7,091 (7,910) 3,415 (8,541) 411 (456)   Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 121 27 Non-controlling interests  The Group identified subsidiaries with material non-controlling interests (“NCI”) based on the total assets in relation to the Group. A subsidiary's NCI is material if the subsidiary contributed more than 10% of the Group's total assets. The subsidiaries identified and their summarised financial information, before intra-group eliminations, are presented below:   Entity PT Tasik Raja PT Mitra Puding Mas PT Alno Agro Utama PT Bina Pitri Jaya PT Sawit Graha Manunggal 18% NCI percentage 20% 10% 10% 20% Summarised income statement           For the year ended 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Revenue 59,166 45,786 37,492 27,121 51,944 40,403 46,865 36,060 42,782 32,022 Profit / (Loss) after tax 8,554 (31,473) 5,236 3,896 6,381 1,653 9,162 6,225 6,394 12,482 Other comprehensive (expense) / income (1,693) 7,208 (761) 3,384 (556) 3,962 (1,729) 6,438 232 (21) Total comprehensive income / (expense) 6,861 (24,265) 4,475 7,280 5,825 5,615 7,433 12,663 6,626 12,461            Profit / (Loss) allocated to NCI 1,711 (6,295) 524 390 638 165 1,832 1,245 1,164 2,272 Other comprehensive (expenses) / income allocated to NCI (339) 1,442 (76) 338 (56) 396 (346) 1,288 42 (4) Total comprehensive income / (expenses) allocated to NCI 1,372 (4,853) 448 728 582 561 1,486 2,533 1,206 2,268 Dividends paid to NCI 3 - 35 56 2 3 24 32 - -            Summarised statement of financial position           As at 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Non-current assets 116,199 123,795 77,561 76,145 70,280 66,899 136,076 129,742 81,483 81,655 Current assets 32,177 15,948 11,033 7,158 32,217 25,386 16,029 12,927 16,456 14,941 Non-current liabilities (4,210) (4,686) (3,674) (3,807) (7,966) (8,088) (3,594) (3,561) (74,945) (77,001) Current liabilities (5,395) (3,600) (4,801) (3,656) (7,670) (3,377) (5,593) (3,915) (7,896) (11,089) Net assets 138,771 131,457 80,119 75,840 86,861 80,820 142,918 135,193 15,098 8,506            Accumulated NCI 27,754 26,291 8,012 7,584 8,686 8,082 28,584 27,039 2,748 1,548            Summarised cash flows           For the year ended 31 December 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Cash flows from / (used in) operating activities 8,297 (505) 1,850 (13,443) 10,133 9,688 3,792 4,158 15,853 15,404 Cash flows from / (used in) investing activities 2,641 103,978 (996) (631) (2,559) (17,593) (344) (12,654) (4,145) (5,285) Cash flows (used in) / from financing activities (13) (122,378) (343) (557) (483) (5) (33) (45) (11,297) (10,575) Net cash inflows / (outflows) 10,925 (18,905) 511 (14,631) 7,091 (7,910) 3,415 (8,541) 411 (456)   Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

28  Notes supporting statement of cash flows 

Cash and cash equivalents for purposes of the statement of cash flows comprised:  

Cash at bank available on demand 
Short-term deposits 
Cash in hand 
As reported in statement of financial position 

Significant non-cash transactions from investing activities are as follows:  

  Property, plant and equipment purchased but not yet paid at year end 
  Repaid through purchase of FFB 

2020 
$000 

41,029 
74,164 
18 
115,211 

2020 
$000 

160 
3,849 

Non-cash transactions from financing activities are shown in the reconciliation of liabilities from financing transactions as follows:  

Non-current 
loans and 
borrowings 
$000 

Current 
loans and 
borrowings 
$000 

  Non-current 
lease 
liabilities 
$000 

Current 
lease 
liabilities 
$000 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

Non-current 
loans and 
borrowings 
$000 

(8,203) 
- 

(169) 
- 

8,372 

- 
- 

(8,203) 
8,167 

36 
- 

- 

- 
- 

Current 
loans and 
borrowings 
$000 

(11,078) 
11,096 

151 
- 

(8,372) 

- 
(8,203) 

At 1 January 2020 
Cash Flows 
Non-cash flows 
 -  Effect of foreign exchange 
 -  New lease 
 -  Lease  liabilities  classified  as  non-
current  at  31  December  2019 
becoming current during 2020 
 -  Interest accruing during the year 

At 1 January 2019 
Cash Flows 
Non-cash flows 
 - Effect of foreign exchange 
 - New lease 
 - Loans and borrowings classified as non-
current at 31 December 2018 becoming 
current during 2019 

 - Interest accruing during the year 

29  Leases 

Lease liabilities analysed as:  
Non-current 
Current 

The weighted average incremental borrowing rate per annum was 6.8% (2019: 6.8%). 

Maturity analysis for the lease liabilities has been given in Note 25. 

(456) 
- 

3 
- 

236 

- 
(217) 

(222) 
257 

- 
- 

(236) 

(35) 
(236) 

Non-current 
lease 
liabilities 
$000 

Current 
lease 
liabilities 
$000 

- 
- 

(9) 
(474) 

- 

27 
(456) 

- 
210 

(4) 
(464) 

- 

36 
(222) 

2020 
$000 

(217) 
(236) 
(453) 

2019 
$000 

29,443 
55,381 
22 
84,846 

2019 
$000 

312 
2,728 

Total 
$000 

(8,881) 
8,424 

39 
- 

- 

(35) 
(453) 

Total 
$000 

(19,281) 
11,306 

(31) 
(938) 

- 

63 
(8,881) 

2019 
$000 

(456) 
(222) 
(678) 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

122 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

29   Leases - continued 

Amounts recognised in income statement: 

Depreciation expense on right-of-use assets 
Interest expense on lease liabilities 
Expense relating to short-term leases 
Expense relating to leases of low value assets 

2020 
$000 

(153) 
(35) 
(386) 
(6) 
(580) 

2019 
$000 

(184) 
(41) 
(403) 
(6) 
(634) 

At 31 December 2020, the Group is committed to $0.01 million (2019: $0.01 million) for short-term leases.  

All the leases are fixed payments. The total cash outflow for leases amount to $0.65 million (2019: $0.61 million). 

The Group leases a piece of land and office under the right-of-use assets. The lease term is between 3 to 4 years. (2019: 3 to 4 years). On 
expiry the Group has the options to renew based on mutually agreed future rental. The right-of-use assets is classified as part of property, 
plant and equipment in note 11.  

Right-of-Use assets 

At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
Amortisation 
Impairment losses 
Effect of foreign exchange 
At 31 December 2020 

At 1 January 2019 
Additions 
Amortisation 
Effect of foreign exchange 
At 31 December 2019 

Lease liabilities 

At 1 January 2020 
Additions 
Interest expense 
Lease payments 
Effect of foreign exchange 
At 31 December 2020 

At 1 January 2019 
Additions 
Interest expense 
Lease payments 
Effect of foreign exchange 
At 31 December 2019 

Land 
$000 

193 
- 
- 
(188) 
(5) 
- 

Land 
$000 

- 
221 
(31) 
3 
193 

Land 
$000 

(196) 
- 
(10) 
84 
(4) 
(126) 

Land 
$000 

- 
(224) 
(6) 
34 
- 
(196) 

Building 
$000 

466 
- 
(148) 
- 
(11) 
307 

Building 
$000 

- 
611 
(153) 
8 
466 

Building 
$000 

(482) 
- 
(25) 
173 
7 
(327) 

Building 
$000 

- 
(622) 
(35) 
176 
(1) 
(482) 

Total 
$000 

659 
- 
(148) 
(188) 
(16) 
307 

Total 
$000 

- 
832 
(184) 
11 
659 

Total 
$000 

(678) 
- 
(35) 
257 
3 
(453) 

Total 
$000 

- 
(846) 
(41) 
210 
(1) 
(678) 

The tables above do not include the leasehold land which is also classified as a right of use asset as this information is already presented in 
Note 11. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

123 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

30   Event after reporting period 

In November 2020, the President of Republic of Indonesia enacted a Job Creation Law that will have an impact on employee benefit obligations. 
As at 31 December 2020, the Group has calculated the employee benefit obligation based on the law that was in effect prior to this Job Creation 
Law,  namely  UU  No.  13/2003,  due  to  the  fact  that  the  basis  of  the  calculation  for  employee  benefit  obligations  is  further  regulated  in  an 
implementing regulation which was only enacted on 16 February 2021. Until the completion date of this report, the Group is still calculating the 
impact of the implementation of this regulation, and its effect on the Group’s financial statements.

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

124 

 
 
Company Balance Sheet 
As at 31 December 2020 

Company Number: 1884630 

Non-current assets 

Investments in subsidiaries 

Current assets 

Receivables 

Cash at bank and in hand 

Current liabilities 

Other payables 

Net current assets 

Net assets 

Capital and reserves 

Share capital 

Treasury shares 

Share premium  

Capital redemption reserve 

Exchange reserves 

Retained earnings at 1 January 

Profit / (Loss) for the year 

Dividends paid 

Retained earnings 

Shareholders' funds 

Note 

4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

2020 
$000 

54,536 

54,536 

3,681 

448 

4,129 

(3,542) 

587 

55,123 

15,504 

(1,171) 

23,935 

1,087 

3,872 

7,241 

4,853 

(198) 

11,896 

55,123 

2019 
$000 

49,973 

49,973 

3,381 

681 

4,062 

(3,567) 

495 

50,468 

15,504 

(1,171) 

23,935 

1,087 

3,872 

16,192 

(7,762) 

(1,189) 

7,241 

50,468 

The profit after tax for the year for the Company dealt with in the consolidated financial statements of the Company was $4,853,000 (2019: loss 
after tax $7,762,000). 

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 12 May 2021 and were signed on its behalf by:  

Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan 
Executive Director, Corporate Finance and Corporate Affairs 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this balance sheet. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

125 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company Statement of Changes in Equity For the year ended 31 December 2020  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 126  Share capital Treasury shares Share premium Capital redemption reserve Exchange reserves Retained earnings Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Balance at 31 December 2018 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 16,192 59,419 Comprehensive expense for the year        Loss for the year - - - - - (7,762) (7,762) Total comprehensive expense for the year - - - - - (7,762) (7,762) Dividends paid - - - - - (1,189) (1,189) Balance at 31 December 2019 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 7,241 50,468 Comprehensive income for the year        Profit for the year - - - - - 4,853 4,853 Total comprehensive income for the year - - - - - 4,853 4,853 Dividends paid - - - - - (198) (198) Balance at 31 December 2020 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 11,896 55,123        The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement of changes in equity. Company Statement of Changes in Equity For the year ended 31 December 2020  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 126  Share capital Treasury shares Share premium Capital redemption reserve Exchange reserves Retained earnings Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Balance at 31 December 2018 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 16,192 59,419 Comprehensive expense for the year        Loss for the year - - - - - (7,762) (7,762) Total comprehensive expense for the year - - - - - (7,762) (7,762) Dividends paid - - - - - (1,189) (1,189) Balance at 31 December 2019 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 7,241 50,468 Comprehensive income for the year        Profit for the year - - - - - 4,853 4,853 Total comprehensive income for the year - - - - - 4,853 4,853 Dividends paid - - - - - (198) (198) Balance at 31 December 2020 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 11,896 55,123        The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement of changes in equity. Company Statement of Changes in Equity For the year ended 31 December 2020  Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 126  Share capital Treasury shares Share premium Capital redemption reserve Exchange reserves Retained earnings Total  $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 $000 Balance at 31 December 2018 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 16,192 59,419 Comprehensive expense for the year        Loss for the year - - - - - (7,762) (7,762) Total comprehensive expense for the year - - - - - (7,762) (7,762) Dividends paid - - - - - (1,189) (1,189) Balance at 31 December 2019 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 7,241 50,468 Comprehensive income for the year        Profit for the year - - - - - 4,853 4,853 Total comprehensive income for the year - - - - - 4,853 4,853 Dividends paid - - - - - (198) (198) Balance at 31 December 2020 15,504 (1,171) 23,935 1,087 3,872 11,896 55,123        The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement of changes in equity. Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

1  Basis of preparation 

The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  Financial  Reporting  Standard  100  Application  of  Financial  Reporting 
Requirements ("FRS 100") and Financial Reporting Standard 101 Reduced Disclosure Framework ("FRS 101"). 

Disclosure exemptions adopted 
In preparing these financial statements the Company has taken advantage of all disclosure exemptions conferred by FRS 101. Therefore, 
these financial statements do not include: 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

certain comparative information as otherwise required by EU endorsed IFRS; 
certain disclosures regarding the Company's capital; 
a statement of cash flows; 
the effect of future accounting standards not yet adopted; 
the disclosure of the remuneration of key management personnel; and 
disclosure of related party transactions with other wholly owned members of Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc group of companies. 

In addition, and in accordance with FRS 101 further disclosure exemptions have been adopted because equivalent disclosures are included in 
the Company's consolidated financial statements. These financial statements do not include certain disclosures in respect of: 
•  Share based payments; 
• 
• 

Financial instruments (other than certain disclosures required as a result of recording financial instruments at fair value); or 
Fair value measurement (other than certain disclosures required as a result of recording financial instruments at fair value). 

2  Accounting policies 

The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are set out below. The policies have been consistently 
applied to all the years presented unless otherwise stated. 

(a)  Basis of accounting 

The separate financial statements of the Company are presented as required by the Companies Act 2006. They have been prepared 
under the historical cost convention. The presentation currency used is US Dollar and amounts have been presented in round thousands 
("$000"). The principal accounting policies are summarised below. 

(b) 

Foreign currency 
The  functional  currency  of  the  Company  is  US  Dollar,  chosen  to  reflect  the  primary  economic  environment  in  which  the  Company 
operates. Transactions in sterling are translated to US Dollar at the actual exchange rate and exchange losses recognised in income 
statement. Sterling denominated assets and liabilities are converted to US Dollar at the rate ruling at the balance sheet date. Exchange 
differences arising on the retranslation of unsettled monetary assets and liabilities are recognised immediately in income statement. 

(c) 

Investments  
Investments in subsidiaries are stated at cost less provision for any impairment.  

(d)  Property, plant and equipment 

All items of property, plant and equipment are initially measured at cost. Cost includes expenditure that is directly  attributable to the 
acquisition  of  the  items.  After  initial  recognition,  all  items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  stated  at  cost  less  accumulated 
depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. 

Office plant and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method. The yearly rate of depreciation is as follows: 
Office plant, equipment & vehicle - 20% per annum 

(e)  Dividends 

(f) 

(g) 

(h) 

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. The Company pays only one dividend each year as a final dividend 
which becomes legally payable when approved by the shareholders at the next annual general meeting. 

Deferred taxation 
A deferred tax asset has not been recognised in relation to brought forward tax losses of $9.8m (2019: 13.7m) because it is not certain 
those losses can be utilised in the foreseeable future. 

Treasury shares 
Consideration paid or received for the purchase or sale of the Company’s own shares for holding in treasury is recognised directly in 
equity, where the cost is presented as the treasury shares. Any excess of the consideration received on the sale of treasury shares over 
the weighted average cost of shares sold is taken to the share premium account. Any shares held in treasury are treated as cancelled 
for the purpose of calculating earnings per share. 

Financial guarantee contracts 
Where the Company enters into financial guarantee contracts and guarantees the indebtedness of other companies within the Group, 
these are accounted for under IFRS 9. The details of financial guarantee contracts are disclosed in note 25 of the consolidated financial 
statements. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

127 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

2  Accounting policies – continued 

(i) 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The Company makes certain estimates and assumptions regarding the future. Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated 
based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the 
circumstances. In the future, actual experience may differ from these estimates and assumptions. The estimates and assumptions that 
have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are 
discussed below. 

Estimates and assumptions 
Recoverability of investments and ECL on intercompany balances - estimate of future cash flows and liquid assets (note 5) 

3 

Income statement 

As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, a separate income statement dealing with the results of the Company has not been 
presented. The profit before tax for the year for the Company dealt with in the consolidated financial statements of the Company was $4,855,000 
(2019: loss before tax $7,761,000) and profit after tax for the year was $4,853,000 (2019: loss after tax $7,762,000). 

The remuneration of the directors of the Company is disclosed in note 7 to the consolidated financial statements. Auditor's remuneration is 
disclosed in note 5 to the consolidated financial statements.  

4 

Investments in subsidiaries 

At 1 January 2019 
Movements during the year 
  Repayment 
  Loss provision 
At 31 December 2019 
Movements during the year: 
  Repayment 
   Reversal of loss provision 
At 31 December 2020 

Net carrying amount 
At 31 December 

Investments in 
subsidiaries 
undertakings 
$000 

Loans to 
subsidiaries 
undertakings 
$000 

Total 
$000 

12,253 

- 
- 
12,253 

- 
- 
12,253 

45,690 

57,943 

(2,192) 
(5,778) 
37,720 

(1,224) 
5,787 
42,283 

2020 
$000 

(2,192) 
(5,778) 
49,973 

(1,224) 
5,787 
54,536 

2019 
$000 

54,536 

49,973 

Loans to subsidiary companies do not have fixed repayment terms and are repayable on demand. In practice, they are effectively long-term in 
nature and therefore classified as investments in subsidiaries. The details of the ECL is disclosed in note 5.  

The details of the subsidiaries are disclosed in note 26 of the consolidated financial statements. 

5  Receivables 

Amounts owed by group undertakings:  
   Anglo-Eastern Plantations Management Sdn Bhd 
   PT Hijau Pyran Perdana 
   PT Sawit Graha Manunggal 
   PT Anglo-Eastern Plantations Management Indonesia 

Other receivables 

2020 
$000 

2,612 
183 
831 
17 
3,643 
38 
3,681 

2019 
$000 

2,457 
183 
700 
- 
3,340 
41 
3,381 

The amounts owed by group undertakings arise as a result of advances to subsidiary companies and expenses paid on their behalf. The 
amounts are unsecured, interest free and do not have fixed repayment terms.  

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

128 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

5  Receivables - continued 

For intercompany balances that are repayable on demand, the Company’s ECL is based on the following assumptions: 
- 

If the borrower has sufficient accessible highly liquid assets in order to repay the loan if demanded at the reporting date, the ECL is likely 
to be immaterial. 
If the borrower could not repay the loan if demanded at the reporting date, the Company considers the expected manner of recovery to 
measure the ECL. The recovery manner could be either through ‘repayment over time’ or a fire sale of less liquid assets by the borrower. 
If the recovery strategies indicate that the Company would fully recover the outstanding balance of the loan, the ECL would be limited to 
the effect of the discounting of the amount due on the loan, at the loan’s effective interest rates, over the period until the amount is fully 
recovered. 

- 

- 

The details of other receivables related to ECL were disclosed in note 15 and note 25 of the consolidated financial statements. 

Movements on the Company’s loss provision on both current and non-current other receivables were as follows: 

At 1 January 
(Reversal of loss provision) / loss provision during the year 
At 31 December 

At 31 December 2020, the expected loss provision for receivables was as follows:  

Gross 
carrying 
amount 
$000 

5,113 
46 

42,320 
47,479 

Gross carrying 
amount 
$000 

4,157 
49 

43,544 
47,750 

2020 
Amounts owed by group undertakings 
Other receivables 
Investments in subsidiaries (note 4) 
- Loans to subsidiaries undertakings  

2019 
Amounts owed by group undertakings: 
Other receivables 
Investments in subsidiaries (note 4) 
- Loans to subsidiaries undertakings  

6  Other payables 

Amounts owed to group undertakings:  
   Mergerset (1980) Limited 
   Musam Indonesia Limited 

Accruals 

2020 
$000 

6,649 
(5,134) 
1,515 

Loss 
provision 

$000 

(1,470) 
(8) 

(37) 
(1,515) 

  Loss provision 

$000 

(817) 
(8) 

(5,824) 
(6,649) 

2020 
$000 

2,163 
246 
2,409 
1,133 
3,542 

2019 
$000 

444 
6,205 
6,649 

Net carrying 
amount 
$000 

3,643 
38 

42,283 
45,964 

Net carrying 
amount 
$000 

3,340 
41 

37,720 
41,101 

2019 
$000 

2,163 
246 
2,409 
1,158 
3,567 

The amounts owed to group undertakings arise as a result of advances from subsidiary companies and expenses paid on our behalf. The 
amounts are unsecured, interest free and do not have fixed repayment terms.  

7  Share capital and treasury shares 

The details of the share capital and treasury shares are disclosed in note 20 of the consolidated financial statements. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

129 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

8  Related party transactions 

An office premises lease agreement was entered with Infra Sari Sdn Bhd, a company controlled by Madam Lim Siew Kim. The rental paid 
during the year was $255,616 (2019: $260,971). There was no balance outstanding at the year end (2019: Nil). This has been classified as a 
short term lease and therefore lease payments have been recognised directly as an operating expense in the income statement. 

The details of the dividend payment to the related parties controlled by Madam Lim Siew Kim are disclosed in note 22 of the consolidated 
financial statements. 

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries are disclosed below: 

Nature of transactions 

Name 

Management fees from 
Commissioner services income 
Corporate guarantee fees from 
Corporate guarantee fees from 
Receivable from 
Payable to 

Anglo-Eastern Plantations Malaysia Sdn Bhd 
PT Anglo-Eastern Plantations Management Indonesia 
PT Hijau Pryan Perdana 
PT Sawit Graha Manunggal 
Subsidiaries (note 5) 
Subsidiaries (note 6) 

2020 
$000 
20 
17 
- 
131 
5,113 
2,409 

2019 
$000 
15 
- 
33 
175 
4,157 
2,409 

The details of the intercompany receivables and payables are disclosed in note 5 and note 6 of the Company financial statements respectively.  

9  Employees' and Directors' remuneration 

Average numbers employed during the year 
- directors 
- staff 

Staff costs  
Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Retirement benefits 

2020 
Number 

2019 
Number 

4 
- 
4 

2020 
$000 

- 
- 
- 
- 

4 
- 
4 

2019 
$000 

- 
- 
- 
- 

The  information  required  by  the  Companies  Act  and  the  Listing  Rules  of  the  Financial  Conduct  Authority  are  contained  in  the  Directors' 
remuneration report on pages 65 - 70 of which certain information on page 68 has been audited. 

Directors' emoluments 

10  Dividends 

2020 
$000 

200 

2019 
$000 

215 

The details of the dividends are disclosed in note 10 of the consolidated financial statements.  

11  Guarantees and other financial commitments 

The Company has provided nil guarantees for loans to subsidiaries (2019: $35,000,000) as set out in note 16 of the consolidated financial 
statements. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

130 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Notice is hereby given that the thirty-sixth Annual General Meeting of Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc will be held at the Company’s office in Malaysia 
at 7th Floor, Wisma Equity, 150 Jalan Ampang, 50450 Kuala  Lumpur, Malaysia on Monday  28 June  2021  at 4.30 pm (Malaysia time) for the 
following purposes:  

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

To receive and consider the accounts and the reports of the directors and auditor thereon for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

To approve the Directors' Remuneration Report (excluding the part containing the remuneration policy) as set out in the Company’s annual 
report and accounts for the year ended 31 December 2020. 

To declare a final dividend. 

To re-elect Madam Lim Siew Kim, a Non-Executive Director, who has served more than nine years. 

To re-elect Dato’ John Lim Ewe Chuan as a director. 

To re-elect Mr Lim Tian Huat as a Non-Executive Director.  

To re-elect Mr Jonathan Law Ngee Song as a Non-Executive Director 

To re-appoint BDO LLP as auditor. 

To authorise the directors to fix the remuneration of the auditor. 

10  To consider the following resolution as an ordinary resolution: 

That the directors be generally and unconditionally authorised in accordance with section 551 of the Companies Act 2006, in substitution for 
all existing authorities to the extent unused, to exercise all the powers of the Company to allot: 

(i) 

(ii) 

shares in the Company up to an aggregate nominal amount of £3,303,031 (representing 13,212,124 ordinary shares of 25p each) 
which is equal to one third of the issued ordinary share capital (excluding treasury shares) at the date of this resolution: and in addition 

equity securities of the Company (within the meaning of section 560(1) of the Companies Act 2006) in connection with an offer of such 
securities by way of a rights issue up to an aggregate nominal amount of £3,303,031 

provided that this authority shall expire on the date of the next annual general meeting after the passing of this resolution or 30 June 2022 
whichever  is  earlier  save  that  the  Company  may  before  such  expiry  make  an  offer  or  agreement  which  would  or  might  require  relevant 
securities to be allotted after such expiry and the directors may allot relevant securities in pursuance of such an offer or agreement as if the 
authority conferred hereby had not expired. 

"rights issue" means an offer of equity securities open for acceptance for a period fixed by the directors to holders of equity securities (other 
than the Company) on the register on a fixed record date in proportion to their respective holdings of such securities or in accordance with 
the rights attached thereto (but subject to such exclusions or other arrangements as the directors may deem necessary or expedient in relation 
to fractional entitlements or legal or practical problems under the laws of, or the requirements of any recognised regulatory body or any stock 
exchange in, any territory). 

11  To consider the following resolution as a special resolution: 

That subject to and conditional on the passing of Resolution 10, the directors be empowered pursuant to section 570 of the Companies Act 
2006) to allot equity securities (within the meaning of section 560 of that Act) for cash pursuant to the authority conferred by Resolution 10 
and/or  by  way  of  sale  of  treasury  shares  as  if  section  561(1)  of  that  Act  did  not  apply  to  any  such  allotment  or  sale,  provided  that  this 
authorisation shall be limited to: 

(i) 

the allotment of equity securities and sale of treasury shares for cash in connection with an offer or issue of, or invitation to apply for, 
equity securities made to (but in the case of the authority granted under paragraph (ii) of Resolution 10 by way of a rights issue only); 

(a) 

ordinary shareholders in proportion (as nearly may be practicable) to their existing holdings: and 

(b) 

holders of other equity securities, as required by the rights of those securities, or as the directors otherwise consider necessary, 

and  permitting  the  directors  to  impose  any  limit  or  restrictions  and  make  any  arrangements  which  they  consider  necessary  or 
appropriate to deal with treasury shares, fractional entitlement, record dates, legal regulatory or practical problems in, or under, the 
laws of any territory, or any other matter; and 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

131 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notice of Annual General Meeting 

(ii) 

in the case of the authority granted under paragraph (i) of Resolution 10 and/or the sale of treasury shares for cash, to the allotment 
of equity shares or sale of treasury shares up to an aggregate nominal amount of £495,454. 

Such power shall apply during the period expiring on the date of the next annual general meeting or on 30 June 2022 (whichever shall 
be earlier) but the directors may during such periods make offers or agreements which would or might require equity securities to be 
allotted (and treasury shares to be sold) after the expiry of such period. 

12  To consider the following as a special resolution: 

That  the  Company  be  generally  and  unconditionally  authorised  to  make  market  purchases  (within  the  meaning  of  section  693(4)  of  the 
Companies Act 2006) of ordinary shares of 25p each in the capital of the Company on such terms as the directors think fit, provided that: 

(a) 

the maximum number of ordinary shares hereby authorised to be purchased is 3,963,637 (representing 10% of the issued ordinary 
share capital); 

(b) 

the minimum price (exclusive of expenses) which may be paid for each ordinary share is 25p; 

(c) 

the maximum price (exclusive of expenses) which may be paid for each ordinary share is the higher of:  

(i) 

an amount equal to 105% of the average of the middle market quotations for such share as derived from the Daily Official List 
of the London Stock Exchange for the five business days immediately preceding the date of purchase; and 

(ii) 

the price of the last independent trade and the highest current independent bid on the London Stock Exchange; and 

(d) 

the authority hereby conferred shall expire on 30 June 2022 or, if earlier, at the conclusion of the next annual general meeting of the 
Company save that the Company may before the expiry of this authority make a contract of purchase which will or may be executed 
wholly or partly after such expiry and may make a purchase of shares pursuant to any such contract. 

13  To consider and if thought fit to pass the following resolution as a special resolution: 

That a general meeting of the Company other than an annual general meeting may be called on not less than 14 clear days’ notice. 

By order of the Board 
CETC (Nominees) Limited 
Company Secretary  
3 June 2021 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

132 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                     
Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Notes: 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

Pursuant to regulation 41 of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001, the Company has specified that only those shareholders on the register of 
members of the Company at close of business on 24 June 2021 shall be entitled to vote in respect of the number of shares registered in their name at that 
time. Changes to the register of members after 24 June 2021 or, if the meeting is adjourned, in the register of members at close of business on the date which 
is two days before the day of the adjourned meeting shall be disregarded in determining the rights of any person to vote at the meeting by proxy. 

As at 20 May 2021 (being the latest practicable date prior to the publication of this notice), the Company’s issued share capital comprised 39,976,272 Ordinary 
Shares of 25p each.  Each share carries one vote except 339,900 shares held as treasury shares and therefore the total number of voting rights in the 
Company as at 9.00 am on 20 May 2021 is 39,636,372. 

A member of the Company may appoint one or more proxies to vote at the meeting.  Where more than one proxy is appointed in relation to the meeting, each 
proxy must be appointed to exercise rights attaching to a different share or shares. You may not appoint more than one proxy to exercise rights attached to 
any one share. A proxy need not be a member of the Company. Members are encouraged to appoint the Chairman of the meeting as their proxy and all 
Members should take note that these Notes should be read subject to the commentary regarding Covid-19 on page 8 and 9 of the Annual Report. 

The instrument appointing a proxy must be deposited at the office of the Registrar by 9.30 a.m. (UK time) on 24 June 2021 not less than forty-eight hours 
before the time appointed for holding the meeting (or any adjournment thereof). 

In the case of joint holders, where more than one of the joint holders purports to appoint a proxy, only the appointment submitted by the most senior holder 
will be accepted. Seniority is determined by the order in which the names of the joint holders appear in the Company’s register of members in respect of the 
joint holding (the first-named being the most senior). 

CREST members who wish to appoint a proxy or proxies through the CREST electronic proxy appointment service may do so for the annual general meeting 
to  be  held  on  28  June  2021  and  any  adjournment  thereof  by  using  the  procedures  described  in  the  CREST  Manual  on  the  Euroclear  website 
(www.euroclear.com/CREST).  CREST personal members or other CREST sponsored members and those CREST members who have appointed a voting 
service provider should refer to their CREST sponsor or voting service provider, who will be able to take the appropriate action on their behalf.  In order for a 
proxy appointment or instruction made using the CREST service to be valid, the appropriate CREST message (a “CREST Proxy Instruction”) must be properly 
authenticated in accordance with Euroclear’s specifications and must contain the information required for such instructions,  as described in the CREST 
Manual. All messages relating to the appointment of a proxy or an instruction to a previously appointed proxy must be transmitted so as to be received by 
Computershare Investor Services PLC [CREST ID: 3RA50] by 9.30 a.m. on 24 June 2021. It is the responsibility of the CREST member concerned to take 
such action as shall be necessary to ensure that a message is transmitted by means of the CREST system by any particular time.  In this connection, CREST 
members  and,  where  applicable,  their  CREST  sponsors  or  voting  service providers  are  referred,  in  particular,  to  those  sections  of  the  CREST  Manual 
concerning practical limitations of the CREST system and timings. The Company may treat a CREST Proxy Instruction as invalid in the circumstances set out 
in Regulation 35(5)(a) of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001. 

You may submit your proxy electronically using the link https://www-uk.computershare.com/investor/. If not already registered, you will need your Shareholder 
Reference Number (“SRN”) which is detailed on your share certificates. 

The statement of the rights of shareholders in relation to the appointment of proxies does not apply to a person who receives this notice of general meeting 
as a person nominated to enjoy “information rights” under section 146 of the Companies Act 2006.  If you have been sent this notice of meeting because you 
are such a nominated person the following statements apply: (i) you may have a right under an agreement between you and the registered shareholder by 
whom you were nominated to be appointed (or to have someone else appointed) as a proxy for this general meeting and (ii) if you have no such a right, or do 
not wish to exercise it, you may have a right under such an agreement to give instructions to that registered shareholder as to the exercise of voting rights.  
Nominated persons should contact the registered member by whom they were nominated in respect of these arrangements. 

A member of the Company which is a corporation may authorise a person or persons to act as its representative(s) at the meeting. In accordance with the 
provisions of the Companies Act 2006, each such representative may exercise (on behalf of the corporation) the same powers as the corporation could 
exercise if it were an individual member of the Company, provided that they do not do so in relation to the same shares.  It is no longer necessary to nominate 
a designated corporate representative. 

10.  Members satisfying the requirements of section 527 of the Companies Act 2006 may require the Company to publish on a website a statement by them (at 
the Company’s cost) relating to the audit of the Company’s accounts which are being laid before this meeting (including the auditor’s report and the conduct 
of the audit) or, where applicable, any circumstances connected with an auditor of the Company ceasing to hold office since the previous general meeting at 
which accounts were laid. Should such a statement be received, it will be published on the Company’s website at https://www.angloeastern.co.uk/. In those 
circumstances the Company would be under an obligation to forward a copy of the statement to the auditor forthwith and the statement would form part of the 
business which may be dealt with at this meeting. 

11. 

Shareholders are welcomed to submit questions to the Board by email to datojohnlim@angloeastern.co.uk by 24 June 2021 and they will be answered after 
the AGM or at the AGM for those shareholders who are in attendance. The Company must cause to be answered any such questions relating to the business 
being dealt with at the meeting but no such answer need be given if (a) to do so would interfere unduly with the preparation  of the meeting or involve the 
disclosure of confidential information, (b) the answer has already been given on a website in the form of an answer to a question, or (c) it is undesirable in the 
interests of the Company or the good order of the meeting that the question be answered. 

12. 

A copy of this notice and the other information required by section 311A of the Companies Act 2006 can be found at https://www.angloeastern.co.uk/. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

133 

 
 
Notice of Annual General Meeting 

13. 

14. 

15. 

If you are in any doubt as to any aspect of Resolutions 10 to 13 or as to the action you should take, you should immediately take your own advice from a 
stockbroker, solicitor, accountant or other independent financial advisor authorised under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000. The Board believes 
that these Resolutions are in the best interests of the Company and shareholders as a whole. 

If you have sold or otherwise transferred all your shares in the Company, please hand this document and the accompanying form of proxy to the purchaser 
or transferee, or to the bank, stockbroker or other agent through whom the sale or transfer was effected, for transmission to the purchaser or transferee.  If 
you sell or have sold or otherwise transferred only part of your holding of existing shares please consult the bank, stockbroker or other agent through whom 
the sale or transfer was effected. 

The following documents are available for inspection by members at the registered office of the Company during normal business hours (except Bank Holidays) 
and  at  the  place  of  the  meeting  not  less  than  15  minutes  prior  to  and  during  the  meeting.  The  documents  can  also  be  obtained  by  email  to 
datojohnlim@angloeastern.co.uk if the registered office is not accessible because of Covid-19: 

(a)  a copy of the Executive Director’s service agreement;  
(b)  copies of Non-Executive Directors’ letters of appointment; 
(c) 
relationship agreement with the majority shareholder; and 
(d)  a copy of the Company’s Articles of Association. 

Annual Report 2020 | Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc 

134 

 
Company addresses 

London Office 
Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc  
Quadrant House, 6th Floor 
4 Thomas More Square 
London E1W 1YW 
United Kingdom 
Tel:  44 (0)20 7216 4621 
Fax:  44 (0)20 7767 2602 

Malaysian Office 
Anglo-Eastern Plantations Management Sdn Bhd 
7th Floor, Wisma Equity 
150 Jalan Ampang 
50450 Kuala Lumpur 
Malaysia 
60 (0)3 2162 9808 
Tel: 
Fax:  60 (0)3 2164 8922 

Indonesian Office 
PT Anglo-Eastern Plantations Management Indonesia 
3rd Floor, Wisma HSBC, Jalan Diponegoro, Kav 11 
Medan 20152 
North Sumatera 
Indonesia 
Tel:  62 (0)61 452 0107 
Fax:  62 (0)61 452 0029 

Secretary and registered office 
Anglo-Eastern Plantations Plc  
(Number 1884630) 
(Registered in England and Wales) 
CETC (Nominees) Limited 
Quadrant House, 6th Floor 
4 Thomas More Square 
London E1W 1YW 
United Kingdom 
Tel:  44 (0)20 7216 4600 
Fax:  44 (0)20 7767 2602 

Company website 

https://www.angloeastern.co.uk/ 

Company advisers 

Auditor 
BDO LLP 
55 Baker Street 
London W1U 7EU 
United Kingdom 

Principal Bankers 
National Westminster Bank Plc 
Liverpool Street Station 
216 Bishopsgate 
London EC2M 4QB 
United Kingdom 

The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation 
Limited 
Wisma HSBC 
Jalan Diponegoro, Kav 11 
Medan 20152 
North Sumatera 
Indonesia 

PT Bank DBS Indonesia 
Uniplaza Building 
Jalan Letjen MT Haryono A-1 
Medan 20231 
North Sumatera 
Indonesia 

RHB Bank Bhd 
Podium Block, Plaza OSK 
Jalan Ampang 
50450 Kuala Lumpur 
Malaysia 

Registrars 
Computershare Investor Services PLC 
The Pavilions  
Bridgwater Road 
Bristol BS99 6ZY 
United Kingdom 

Solicitors 
Withers LLP 
20 Old Bailey 
London EC4M 7AN 
United Kingdom 

Sponsor/Broker 
Panmure Gordon (UK) Limited 
One New Change 
London EC4M 9AF 
United Kingdom