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2018 ANNUAL REPORT
Arconic at a glance
Arconic Inc. (NYSE: ARNC)
creates breakthrough
products that shape
industries.
$14.0B
2018 revenue
Working in close
partnership with our
customers, we solve
complex engineering
challenges to transform
the way we fly, drive,
build and power.
Through the ingenuity of
our people and cutting-edge
advanced manufacturing
techniques, we deliver these
products at a quality and
efficiency that ensure
customer success and
shareholder value.
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
WWW.ARCONIC.COM
42%
of 2018 revenue
from aerospace
28%
of 2018
revenue from
automotive and commercial
transportation
43,000
people globally
143
locations
29
countries
FOLLOW @ARCONIC TWITTER | INSTAGRAM | FACEBOOK | LINKEDIN | YOUTUBE
IMAGE: Forged aluminum aircraft wheels,
Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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ARCONIC | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT | 01
We are focused on three operational priorities–
delivering the highest quality products to our
customers, developing advanced technologies
for competitive advantage, while driving
towards lower cost production in all aspects.
With excellent positioning in growing industry segments,
we are encouraged that we can maintain sustainable
growth for years to come. We are investing to help our
aerospace customers deliver on their next-generation
engine backlogs; we recently signed our largest multi-year
contract in history with Boeing; and we’ve made headway in
improving our operations for profitable growth. We are
also investing in the rolled products and commercial trans-
portation businesses as the lightweighting trend continues
industrial
across the automotive, transportation and
markets. Arconic’s technological leadership will help us
grow revenues as part of the secular trend in lightweighting.
Our operating teams are motivated and committed to
deliver on that great potential for our businesses. Our
leaders and the Board of Directors are aligned to attain the
full benefit of the portfolio restructuring. I am confident
and excited to lead your Company in delivering on these
opportunities for you, our shareholders, and for our
customers and employees.
JOHN C. PLANT
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Letter from the Chairman
and Chief Executive Officer
March 27, 2019
Dear Arconic Shareholder,
Recent months have marked an intense period of activity and
evaluation for Arconic. Having rejected an approach for the
Company that offered neither sufficient value nor certainty,
the Board of Directors decided to set a different direction
which is being pursued with swift and decisive action.
Elmer Doty (COO) and I have stepped in to lead the
Company and have introduced a series of actions. To date,
we have announced a pending separation of the Company
into two entities – one focused on aerospace products and
the other focused on rolled and extruded aluminum
products. Additionally, we have launched a deep cost
reduction program and a capital allocation program,
including the Board of Directors’ authorization to buy back
$1 billion of the Company’s common stock. Of the $1
billion authorized, we have implemented to date an
Accelerated Share Repurchase program for $700 million
of common stock.
We are focused on three operational priorities – delivering
the highest quality products to our customers, developing
advanced technologies for competitive advantage, while
driving towards lower cost production in all aspects.
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2018 Business Highlights
02
In 2018, Arconic delivered solid revenue growth and focused on three operational priorities – providing the highest quality
products and solutions to our customers; developing advanced technologies that drive competitive advantages for Arconic
and our customers; and driving down costs to maximize Arconic’s profitability. The combination of high-quality and
cutting-edge technology significantly improved Arconic’s revenue position in key segments of the aerospace and
automotive markets in 2018.
Boeing 777 (Copyright © Boeing)
In July, Arconic signed our largest ever multiyear supply
contract with Boeing, capturing growth spurred by strong
build rates of key programs while continuing to supply
content for all metallic models produced by Boeing
Commercial Airplanes. We also announced a two-year
Joint Development Agreement (JDA) with Lockheed
Martin that will tap into breakthroughs in next-generation
materials and manufacturing. Through the JDA, we will
develop customized
lightweight materials and apply
advanced manufacturing processes, such as metal 3D
printing, to deliver aerospace and defense solutions
significantly faster and at far lower cost. The two agreements
will play a major role in driving Arconic’s aerospace growth
for many years to come.
ARCONIC-THOR™, a breakthrough material in the
aerospace industry, is an advanced titanium alloy that
became commercially available in July. Designed for
higher temperature applications in next-generation aero
engines and adjacent structures, ARCONIC-THOR™ is
nearly 50 percent lighter than incumbent nickel-based
superalloys, driving cost savings and fuel efficiency.
Aero engine ring made from ARCONIC-THOR™
Copyright © 2012 Boeing. All Rights Reserved.
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The 2018 Jeep® Wrangler (Image courtesy FCA)
In the automotive sector, where Arconic’s revolutionary
bonding technology created major opportunities for the
use of lightweight aluminum, the success of Ford’s F-150 is
a strong example of how Arconic develops lightweight
solutions for automakers’ most popular models. In July,
the 2018 Jeep® Wrangler hit showrooms with high
strength aluminum that dramatically improves perfor-
mance and reduces weight, thanks to Arconic’s newly
developed C6A1 alloy. Because the new alloy has forma-
bility characteristics that enable automakers to achieve
more challenging designs while maintaining strength and
durability, we expect it to be widely adopted across the
automotive industry.
As our technology achievements and operational improve-
ments drive increased demand in our aerospace and
wheels businesses, we have been making investments to
expand operating capability and divesting facilities that do
ARCONIC | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT | 03
not best fit in our portfolio. We announced expansion
investments totaling more than $100 million at our
Whitehall, Michigan and Morristown, Tennessee,
operations to meet the growing demand from aerospace,
engine customers. We
also completed
the
expansion of an aero-
space parts facility in
Bestwig, Germany, to
increase production of
lightweight
investment castings
for our commercial
aircraft customers.
titanium
Titanium aero casting, Bestwig, Germany
our
truck
technology
automation
and digital
latest physical
We broke ground on a $130 million investment in our
plant in Székesfehérvár, Hungary, where we will install
the
and
manufacturing
to
support
fast-growing
wheels
business
and maintain our
number
one
global ranking in
the production
of
lightweight
a l u m i n u m
wheels.
Aero engine blades, Whitehall, Michigan, USA
Dura-Bright® Wheel from Alcoa® Wheels
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2018 Financial Highlights
FINANCIAL AND OPERATING HIGHLIGHTS
$ IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER-SHARE AMOUNTS
Sales
Net income (loss)
Per common share data
Earnings (loss) per share - Basic
Earnings (loss) per share - Diluted
Dividends Paid
Net income excluding special items
Total assets
Capital expenditures
Adjusted free cash flow ³
Common stock outstanding—end of year (000)
04
2017
$12,960
(74)
(0.28)
(0.28)
0.24
618
18,718
596
157
481,417
2018
$14,014
642
1.33
1.30
0.24
676
18,693
768
465
483,271
REVENUE BY END MARKET
SALES BY GEOGRAPHY
Aero
Commercial
Airframes
Aero
Commercial
Engines
16%
Packaging
7%
Industrial and Other
20%
13%
$14.0B
2018 REVENUE
10%
Building and
Construction
13%
6%
15%
Commercial
Transportation
Aero Defense
Automotive
(includes brazing and
automotive sheet)
North America
Continental Europe
67%
19%
7%
5%
2%
Asia
United Kingdom
Other
REVENUE, ADJUSTED EARNINGS PER SHARE AND ADJUSTED FREE CASH FLOW - 2017 VS. 2018
2017
2018
8%
$14.0B
$13.0B
11%
$1.36
$1.22
196%
$465M
$157M
Revenue
Adjusted Earnings Per Share
1, 2
Adjusted Free Cash Flow
3
1 Diluted earnings (loss) per share: ($0.28) in 2017 and $1.30 in 2018 2 Excluding special items
3 2017 and 2018 (respectively): Cash (used for)/provided from operations: ($39M) and $217M;
Cash used for financing activities: ($1,015M) and ($649M);
Cash provided from investing activities: $1,320M and $565M
See "Calculation of Financial Measures" at the end
of this report for reconciliations of non-GAAP
fi nancial measures to the most directly comparable
GAAP financial measures.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
[ x ] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2018
OR
[
] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 1-3610
ARCONIC INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
(State of incorporation)
25-0317820
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
390 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022-4608
(Zip code)
(Address of principal executive offices)
Registrant’s telephone numbers:
Investor Relations----------------(212) 836-2758
Office of the Secretary-----------(212) 836-2732
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share
$3.75 Cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $100.00 per share
Name of each exchange on which registered
New York Stock Exchange
NYSE American
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ✓ No
.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes
No ✓ .
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ✓ No
.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to submit such files). Yes ✓ No
.
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this
Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. []
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting
company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth
company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer [✓]
Accelerated filer []
Non-accelerated filer []
Smaller reporting company []
Emerging growth company []
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
No ✓.
The aggregate market value of the outstanding common stock, other than shares held by persons who may be deemed affiliates of the
registrant, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was approximately $8 billion. As of
February 15, 2019, there were 484,940,842 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of the registrant outstanding.
Documents incorporated by reference.
Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates by reference certain information from the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2019
Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A (Proxy Statement).
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Business
Risk Factors
Unresolved Staff Comments
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosures
Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of
Equity Securities
Selected Financial Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
Other Information
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Principal Accounting Fees and Services
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
Form 10-K Summary
Signatures
Part I
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Part II
Item 5.
Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.
Item 9A.
Item 9B.
Part III
Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.
Part IV
Item 15.
Item 16.
Page(s)
1
14
28
29
30
32
32
34
35
51
52
103
103
104
104
104
104
104
104
105
114
115
Note on Incorporation by Reference
In this Form 10-K, selected items of information and data are incorporated by reference to portions of the Proxy Statement.
Unless otherwise provided herein, any reference in this report to disclosures in the Proxy Statement shall constitute
incorporation by reference of only that specific disclosure into this Form 10-K.
Item 1. Business.
General
PART I
Arconic Inc. is a Delaware corporation with its principal office in New York, New York and the successor to Arconic
Pennsylvania (as defined below) which was formed in 1888 and formerly known as Alcoa Inc. In this report, unless the context
otherwise requires, “Arconic” or the “Company” means Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation, and all subsidiaries consolidated
for the purposes of its financial statements.
The Company’s Internet address is http://www.arconic.com. Arconic makes available free of charge on or through its website
its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports
filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable
after the Company electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
The information on the Company’s Internet site is not a part of, or incorporated by reference in, this annual report on Form 10-
K. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains these reports at http://www.sec.gov.
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains (and oral communications made by Arconic may contain) statements that relate to future events and
expectations and, as such, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform
Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include those containing such words as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,”
“estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “goal,” “guidance,” “intends,” “may,” “outlook,” “plans,” “projects,” “seeks,” “sees,”
“should,” “targets,” “will,” “would,” or other words of similar meaning. All statements that reflect Arconic’s expectations,
assumptions or projections about the future, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements, including,
without limitation, forecasts relating to the growth of the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation and other end
markets; statements and guidance regarding future financial results or operating performance; statements about Arconic’s
strategies, outlook, business and financial prospects; and statements regarding potential share gains. Forward-looking
statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and changes in circumstances that
are difficult to predict. Although Arconic believes that the expectations reflected in any forward-looking statements are based
on reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that these expectations will be attained and it is possible that actual results
may differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements due to a variety of risks and uncertainties.
For a discussion of some of the specific factors that may cause Arconic’s actual results to differ materially from those projected
in any forward-looking statements, see the following sections of this report: Part I, Item 1A. (Risk Factors), Part II, Item 7.
(Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations), including the disclosures under
Segment Information and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, and Note U to the Consolidated Financial Statements in
Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data). Market projections are subject to the risks discussed in this
report and other risks in the market. Arconic disclaims any intention or obligation to update publicly any forward-looking
statements, whether in response to new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.
Overview
Arconic (“Arconic” or the “Company”) is a global leader in lightweight metals engineering and manufacturing. Arconic’s
innovative, multi-material products, which include aluminum, titanium, and nickel, are used worldwide in aerospace,
automotive, commercial transportation, building and construction, industrial applications, defense, and packaging.
Arconic is a global company operating in 18 countries. Based upon the country where the point of sale occurred, the United
States and Europe generated 65% and 24%, respectively, of Arconic’s sales in 2018. In addition, Arconic has operating
activities in Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, and Russia, among others. Governmental policies, laws and regulations, and other
economic factors, including inflation and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, affect the results of
operations in these countries.
Arconic’s operations consist of three worldwide reportable segments: Engineered Products and Solutions, Global Rolled
Products and Transportation and Construction Solutions.
Background
Arconic Inc. Reincorporation
On December 31, 2017 (the “Effective Date”), Arconic Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (“Arconic Pennsylvania” or, prior to
the Reincorporation (as defined below), the “Company”), effected the change of the Company’s jurisdiction of incorporation
from Pennsylvania to Delaware (the “Reincorporation”) by merging (the “Reincorporation Merger”) with a direct wholly
owned Delaware subsidiary, Arconic (in this section, “Arconic Delaware” or, following the Reincorporation, the “Company”),
pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Reincorporation Merger Agreement”), dated as of October 12, 2017, by and
1
between Arconic Pennsylvania and Arconic Delaware. Arconic Pennsylvania shareholders approved the Reincorporation
Merger to effect the Reincorporation at a Special Meeting of Shareholders held on November 30, 2017. As a result of the
Reincorporation, (i) Arconic Pennsylvania has ceased to exist, (ii) Arconic Delaware automatically inherited the reporting
obligations of Arconic Pennsylvania under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and (iii)
Arconic Delaware is deemed to be the successor issuer to Arconic Pennsylvania.
The common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of Arconic Pennsylvania (the “Arconic Pennsylvania Common Stock”) was
listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange and traded under the symbol “ARNC.” As of the Effective Date, this
symbol, without interruption, represents shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of Arconic Delaware (the “Arconic
Delaware Common Stock”). There was no change in the Exchange Act File Number assigned by the SEC as a result of the
Reincorporation.
As of the Effective Date, the rights of the Company’s stockholders began to be governed by the General Corporation Law of
the State of Delaware, the Certificate of Incorporation of Arconic Delaware (the “Delaware Certificate”) and the Bylaws of
Arconic Delaware (the “Delaware Bylaws”).
Other than the change in corporate domicile, the Reincorporation did not result in any change in the business, physical location,
management, financial condition or number of authorized shares of the Company, nor did it result in any change in location of
its current employees, including management. On the Effective Date, (i) the directors and officers of Arconic Pennsylvania
prior to the Reincorporation continued as the directors and officers of Arconic Delaware after the Reincorporation, (ii) each
outstanding share of Arconic Pennsylvania Common Stock was automatically converted into one share of Arconic Delaware
Common Stock, (iii) each outstanding share of Serial Preferred Stock, par value $100 per share, of Arconic Pennsylvania (the
“Arconic Pennsylvania Preferred Stock”) was automatically converted into one share of Serial Preferred Stock, par value $100
per share, of Arconic Delaware (the “Arconic Delaware Preferred Stock”) and (iv) all of Arconic Pennsylvania’s employee
benefit and compensation plans immediately prior to the Reincorporation were continued by Arconic Delaware, and each
outstanding equity award and notional share unit relating to shares of Arconic Pennsylvania Common Stock was converted into
an equity award or notional share unit, as applicable, relating to an equivalent number of shares of Arconic Delaware Common
Stock on the same terms and subject to the same conditions. Beginning at the effective time of the Reincorporation, each
certificate representing Arconic Pennsylvania Common Stock or Arconic Pennsylvania Preferred Stock was deemed for all
corporate purposes to evidence ownership of Arconic Delaware Common Stock or Arconic Delaware Preferred Stock, as
applicable. The Company’s stockholders may, but are not required to, exchange their stock certificates as a result of the
Reincorporation.
The foregoing descriptions of the Arconic Delaware Common Stock, the Arconic Delaware Preferred Stock, the Delaware
Certificate and the Delaware Bylaws are qualified in their entirety by the full text of the Delaware Certificate and the Delaware
Bylaws, which are filed as Exhibits 3(a) and 3(b), respectively, to this report.
Alcoa Corporation Separation Transaction
On November 1, 2016, Alcoa Inc. completed the separation of its business into two independent, publicly traded companies
(the “Separation”) – Alcoa Corporation and Arconic Inc. (the new name for Alcoa Inc.). Following the Separation, Alcoa
Corporation holds the Alumina and Primary Metals segments, the rolling mill at the Warrick, Indiana operations and the 25.1%
stake in the Ma’aden Rolling Company in Saudi Arabia previously held by the Company. The Company retained the Global
Rolled Products (other than the rolling mill at the Warrick, Indiana operations and the 25.1% ownership stake in the Ma’aden
Rolling Company), Engineered Products and Solutions and Transportation and Construction Solutions segments.
The Separation was effected by a pro rata distribution of 80.1% of the outstanding shares of Alcoa Corporation common stock
to the Company’s shareholders (the “Distribution”). The Company’s shareholders of record as of the close of business on
October 20, 2016 (the “Record Date”) received one share of Alcoa Corporation common stock for every three shares of the
Company’s common stock held as of the Record Date. The Company did not issue fractional shares of Alcoa Corporation
common stock in the Distribution. Instead, each shareholder otherwise entitled to receive a fractional share of Alcoa
Corporation common stock received cash in lieu of fractional shares.
The Company distributed 146,159,428 shares of common stock of Alcoa Corporation in the Distribution and retained
36,311,767 shares, or approximately 19.9%, of the common stock of Alcoa Corporation immediately following the
Distribution. As a result of the Distribution, Alcoa Corporation became an independent public company trading under the
symbol “AA” on the New York Stock Exchange, and the Company trades under the symbol “ARNC” on the New York Stock
Exchange.
During 2017, the Company disposed of its retained interest in Alcoa Corporation. In February 2017, the Company sold
23,353,000 shares of Alcoa Corporation stock at $38.03 per share, which resulted in cash proceeds of $888 million and a gain
of $351 million. In April and May 2017, the Company acquired a portion of its outstanding notes held by two investment banks
(the “Investment Banks”) in exchange for cash and the Company’s remaining 12,958,767 shares (valued at $35.91 per share) in
2
Alcoa Corporation stock (the “Debt-for-Equity Exchange”) and recorded a gain of $167 million. The gains of $351 million and
$167 million associated with the disposition of the Alcoa Corporation shares were recorded in Other Income, Net in the
accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations in Part II, Item 8 (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).
On October 31, 2016, in connection with the Separation and the Distribution, Arconic entered into several agreements with
Alcoa Corporation or its subsidiaries that govern the relationship of the parties following the Distribution, including the
following: Separation and Distribution Agreement, Transition Services Agreement, Tax Matters Agreement, Employee Matters
Agreement, certain Patent, Know-How, Trade Secret License and Trademark License Agreements, Toll Processing and Services
Agreement, Master Agreement for the Supply of Primary Aluminum, Massena Lease and Operations Agreement, Fusina Lease
and Operations Agreement, and Stockholder and Registration Rights Agreement. The Toll Processing and Services Agreement
expired by its terms at the end of 2018.
Recent Developments
On January 22, 2019, the Company announced that its Board of Directors (the Board) had determined to no longer pursue a
potential sale of Arconic as part of its strategy and portfolio review. Management and the Board have been conducting a
rigorous and comprehensive strategy and portfolio review over the past year and as part of that process had considered a sale of
the Company, among other matters. However, the Company did not receive a proposal for a full-Company transaction that
management and the Board believed would be in the best interest of Arconic’s shareholders and other stakeholders.
Management and the Board remain confident in Arconic’s significant potential and are strongly focused on enhancing value for
shareholders, through continued operational improvements and through other potential initiatives which have been previously
identified in the strategy and portfolio review. The Company has announced the following key initiatives as part of its ongoing
strategy and portfolio review:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Commenced plans to reduce operating costs by approximately $200 million on an annual run-rate basis, designed to
maximize the impact in 2019;
Announced the planned separation of its portfolio into Engineered Products and Forgings and Global Rolled Products,
with a spin-off of one of the businesses;
Considering the potential sale of businesses that do not best fit into one of the two segments above;
Intends to execute its previously authorized $500 million share repurchase program in the first half of 2019;
The Board also authorized an additional $500 million of share repurchases, effective through the end of 2020; and
Expects to reduce its quarterly common stock dividend from $0.06 to $0.02 per share.
On February 6, 2019, the Company announced that the Board appointed John C. Plant, current Chairman of the Board, as
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, effective February 6, 2019, to succeed Chip Blankenship, who ceased
to serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company and resigned as a member of the Board, in each case as of that date. In
addition, the Company announced that the Board appointed Elmer L. Doty, current member of the Board, as President and
Chief Operating Officer, a newly created position, effective February 6, 2019. Mr. Doty will remain a member of the Board.
The Company also announced that Arthur D. Collins, Jr., current member of the Board, has been appointed interim Lead
Independent Director of the Company, effective February 6, 2019.
On February 19, 2019, the Company entered into an accelerated share repurchase (“ASR”) agreement with JPMorgan Chase
Bank to repurchase $700 million of its common stock, pursuant to the share repurchase program previously authorized by the
Board. Under the ASR agreement, Arconic will receive initial delivery of approximately 32 million shares on February 21,
2019. The final number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the volume-weighted average price of Arconic’s common
stock during the term of the transaction, less a discount. The ASR agreement is expected to be completed during the first half of
2019.
The Company will evaluate its organizational structure in conjunction with the planned separation of its portfolio and changes
to its reportable segments are expected in the first half of 2019.
3
Description of the Business
Information describing Arconic’s businesses can be found on the indicated pages of this report:
Item
Discussion of Recent Business Developments:
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:
Page(s)
Overview and Results of Operations
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements:
Note D. Restructuring and Other Charges
Note G. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Note H. Income Taxes
Note T. Acquisitions and Divestitures
Note U. Contingencies and Commitments
Segment Information:
Business Descriptions, Principal Products, Principal Markets, Methods of Distribution, Seasonality and
Dependence Upon Customers:
Engineered Products and Solutions
Global Rolled Products
Transportation and Construction Solutions
Financial Information about Segments and Geographic Areas:
Note C. Segment and Geographic Area Information
Major Product Revenues
35
70
73
80
96
97
40
41
42
66
Products that contributed 10% or more to consolidated revenues for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, were:
Innovative flat-rolled products
Engines
Engineered structures
Fastening systems
For the Year Ended
December 31,
2018
2017
2016
40%
21%
13%
11%
39%
21%
13%
11%
39%
21%
14%
12%
Arconic has no customer that accounts for 10% or more of its consolidated revenues. However, certain of the Company’s
businesses are dependent upon a few significant customers. The loss of any such significant customer could have a material
adverse effect on such businesses.
Engineered Products and Solutions
Arconic’s Engineered Products and Solutions segment (“EP&S”) develops and manufactures high performance products
mainly for the aerospace (commercial and defense), commercial transportation, and power generation end markets. Such
products include fastening systems (titanium, steel, and nickel superalloys); seamless rolled rings (nickel superalloys, steel and
titanium); investment castings (nickel superalloys, titanium, and aluminum), including airfoils and structural components;
forged airframe and jet engine components (nickel superalloys, titanium, aluminum), including bulkheads, disks and shafts;
extruded airframe components (aluminum); and various other forged and extruded metallic components for the oil and gas,
industrial products, automotive, and land and sea defense end markets.
In January 2018, EP&S announced a change in the organizational structure of the segment, from four business units to three
business units, with a focus on aligning its internal structure to core markets and customers and reducing costs. The three
business units are Arconic Engines; Arconic Fastening Systems; and Arconic Engineered Structures.
Arconic Engines (AEN). AEN produces investment cast airfoils, seamless rolled rings and closed-die (including isothermal)
forged turbine disks for aero engine and industrial gas turbines, as well as other structural aero engine components. AEN also
provides additive manufacturing technologies, superalloy ingots, open-die forging, machining, performance coatings, and hot
isostatic pressing for high performance parts.
Arconic Fastening Systems (AFS). AFS produces aerospace fastening systems, as well as commercial transportation
fasteners. The business’s high-tech, multi-material fastening systems are found nose to tail on aircraft and aero engines. The
4
business’s products are also critical components of industrial gas turbines, automobiles, commercial transportation vehicles,
and construction and industrial equipment.
Arconic Engineered Structures (AES). AES produces titanium and aluminum ingots and mill products for aerospace
and defense applications and is vertically integrated to produce structural investment castings, forgings and extrusions,
for airframe, wing, aero-engine, and landing gear components, as well as lightweight drive shafts for the commercial
transportation industries. AES also provides multi-material airframe subassemblies and solutions related to advanced
technologies and materials, such as 3D printing and titanium aluminides.
For additional discussion of the EP&S segment's business, see “Results of Operations—Segment Information” in Part II, Item
7. (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) and Note C to the Consolidated
Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).
In July 2018, Arconic announced a two-year Joint Development Agreement with Lockheed Martin to develop customized
lightweight material systems and advanced manufacturing processes, such as metal 3D printing, to advance current and next-
generation aerospace and defense solutions - including new structures and systems.
In December 2018, as part of the Company’s ongoing strategy and portfolio review, Arconic completed the sale of its Eger,
Hungary forgings business that manufactured high volume steel forgings for drivetrain components in the European heavy-duty
truck and automotive market to Angstrom Automotive Group LLC.
5
Engineered Products and Solutions Principal Facilities1
Country
Australia
Canada
China
France
Germany
Hungary
Japan
Mexico
Morocco
South Korea
United Kingdom
Facility
Oakleigh
Georgetown, Ontario2
Laval, Québec
Suzhou2
Dives-sur-Mer
Evron
Gennevilliers
Montbrison
St. Cosme-en-Vairais2
Toulouse
Us-par-Vigny
Bestwig
Erwitte
Hannover2
Hildesheim-Bavenstedt2
Kelkheim2
Nemesvámos
Székesfehérvár
Nomi
Ciudad Acuña2
Casablanca2
Kyoungnam
Darley Dale
Ecclesfield
Exeter2
Glossop
Ickles
Leicester2
Low Moor
Meadowhall
Provincial Park
Redditch2
River Don
Telford
Welwyn Garden City
Products
Fasteners
Aerospace Castings
Aerospace Castings and Machining
Fasteners and Rings
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
Aerospace and Specialty Castings
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
Fasteners
Fasteners
Fasteners
Fasteners
Aerospace Castings
Aerospace Castings
Extrusions
Fasteners
Fasteners
Fasteners
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings and Forgings
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
Aerospace Castings/Fasteners and Rings
Fasteners
Extrusions
Forgings
Ingot Castings
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings and Alloy
Ingot Castings
Ingot Castings
Fasteners
Extrusions
Forgings
Forgings
Fasteners
Forgings
Fasteners
Aerospace Formed Parts
6
Country
United States
Facility
Chandler, AZ
Tucson, AZ2
Carson, CA2
City of Industry, CA2
Fontana, CA
Fullerton, CA2
Rancho Cucamonga, CA
Sylmar, CA
Torrance, CA
Branford, CT
Winsted, CT
Savannah, GA
Lafayette, IN
La Porte, IN
Baltimore, MD2
Whitehall, MI
Washington, MO
Big Lake, MN
New Brighton, MN
Dover, NJ
Verdi, NV
Kingston, NY2
Massena, NY
Rochester, NY
Canton, OH2
Cleveland, OH
Niles, OH
Morristown, TN2
Austin, TX2
Houston, TX2
Spring, TX
Waco, TX2
Wichita Falls, TX
Hampton, VA2
Martinsville, VA
Products
Extrusions
Fasteners
Fasteners
Fasteners
Rings
Fasteners
Rings
Fasteners
Fasteners
Aerospace Coatings
Aerospace Machining
Forgings
Extrusions
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
Extrusions
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings and Coatings,
Titanium Alloy and Specialty Products
Aerospace Formed Parts, Titanium Mill Products
Aerospace Machining
Aerospace Machining
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings and Alloy
Rings
Fasteners
Extrusions
Rings
Ferro-Titanium Alloys and Titanium Mill Products
Investment Casting Equipment, Aerospace Components,
Castings, Forgings and Oil & Gas Drilling Products
Titanium Mill Products
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Ceramic Products
Additively Manufactured Parts
Extrusions
Deep Water Drilling Machining
Fasteners
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
Titanium Mill Products
1
2
Principal facilities are listed, and do not include 14 locations that serve as sales and administrative offices, distribution
centers or warehouses.
Leased property or partially leased property.
Global Rolled Products
Arconic’s Global Rolled Products segment (“GRP”) has a single group organization structure and produces a range of
aluminum sheet and plate products for the following markets:
Aerospace and Automotive - GRP provides a wide range of products, including many highly-differentiated sheet and plate
products, for the worldwide aerospace and regional automotive markets.
Brazing, Commercial Transportation and Industrial - GRP provides specialty aluminum sheet and plate products for
automotive, commercial transportation and industrial applications including proprietary heat exchanger products like multilayer
brazing sheet.
7
Packaging - GRP serves the packaging market in Russia, Asia and Latin America through regional facilities.
For additional discussion of the Global Rolled Products segment’s business, see “Results of Operations—Segment
Information” in Part II, Item 7. (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) and
Note C to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).
In July 2018, the Company announced it had signed a new long-term contract with Boeing to supply aluminum sheet and plate
for all models produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The multiyear contract, which extends and adds to the Companies’
2014 contract, is the largest to date and captures growth in the build rate increases of the Boeing 737 program.
On October 31, 2018, the Company sold its Texarkana, Texas rolling mill and cast house to Ta Chen International, Inc. for $302
million in cash, subject to post-closing adjustments, plus additional contingent consideration of up to $50 million. The
contingent consideration relates to the achievement of various milestones within 36 months of the transaction closing date
associated with operationalizing the rolling mill equipment. The Texarkana rolling mill facility had previously been idle since
late 2009. In early 2016, the Company restarted the Texarkana cast house to meet demand for aluminum slab. As part of the
agreement, the Company will continue to produce aluminum slab at the facility for a period of 18 months through a lease back
of the cast house building and equipment, after which time, Ta Chen will perform toll processing of metal for the Company for
a period of six months. The Company will supply Ta Chen with cold-rolled aluminum coil during this 24-month period.
In February 2019, the Company announced an investment of approximately $100 million to expand its hot mill capability and
add downstream equipment capabilities to manufacture industrial and automotive aluminum products in its Tennessee
Operations facility near Knoxville, Tennessee. The project, which is expected to create 70 new jobs, is already underway and is
expected to be complete by the fourth quarter of 2020.
Global Rolled Products Principal Facilities
Country
Brazil
China
Hungary
Russia
United Kingdom
United States
Location
Products
Itapissuma
Kunshan
Qinhuangdao1
Székesfehérvár
Samara
Birmingham
Davenport, IA
Danville, IL2
Hutchinson, KS2
Lancaster, PA
Alcoa, TN
Texarkana, TX1, 3
San Antonio, TX4
Specialty Foil
Sheet and Plate
Sheet and Plate
Sheet and Plate/Slabs and Billets
Sheet and Plate/Extrusions and Forgings
Plate
Sheet and Plate
Sheet and Plate
Sheet and Plate
Sheet and Plate
Sheet
Slabs
Micromill™
1
2
3
4
Leased property or partially leased property.
Properties are satellite locations of the Davenport, Iowa facility.
The aluminum slab that is cast at Texarkana is turned into aluminum sheets at Arconic’s expanded automotive facility
in Davenport, Iowa and its rolling mill in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. See discussion above concerning the sale of this
facility.
Micromill™ production facility produces sheet for automotive and industrial applications using Arconic innovative
production process.
Transportation and Construction Solutions
Arconic’s Transportation and Construction Solutions segment ("TCS") produces products that are used mostly in the
commercial transportation and nonresidential building and construction end markets. Such products include integrated
aluminum structural systems, architectural extrusions and forged aluminum commercial vehicle wheels.
The Transportation and Construction Solutions segment is comprised of two business units: Arconic Wheel and Transportation
Products; and Building and Construction Systems.
Arconic Wheel and Transportation Products (AWTP). AWTP provides forged aluminum wheels and related products for
heavy-duty trucks and the commercial transportation markets.
8
Building and Construction Systems (BCS). BCS provides building and construction architectural framing products and
aluminum curtain wall and front entry systems.
For additional discussion of the Transportation and Construction Solutions segment’s business, see “Results of Operations—
Segment Information” in Part II, Item 7. (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations) and Note C to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data).
In April 2018, the Company completed the sale of its Latin America Extrusions business to a subsidiary of Hydro Extruded
Solutions AS. The sale is part of Arconic’s continued drive to streamline its business portfolio, reduce complexity and further
focus on its higher-margin products and profitable growth.
On July 31, 2018, the Company announced that it had initiated a sale process of its BCS business, as part of the Company’s
ongoing strategy and portfolio review that commenced in January 2018.
Transportation and Construction Solutions Principal Facilities1
Country
Canada
China
France
Hungary
Japan
Mexico
United Kingdom
United States
Facility
Products
Lethbridge, Alberta
Suzhou2
Merxheim2
Székesfehérvár
Jôetsu City2
Monterrey
Runcorn
Springdale, AR
Visalia, CA
Eastman, GA
Barberton, OH
Cleveland, OH
Bloomsburg, PA
Cranberry, PA
Architectural Products
Forgings
Architectural Products
Forgings
Forgings
Forgings
Architectural Products
Architectural Products
Architectural Products
Architectural Products
Forgings
Forgings
Architectural Products
Architectural Products
1
2
Principal facilities are listed, and do not include 8 locations that serve as sales and administrative offices, distribution
centers or warehouses. In addition to the facilities listed above, TCS has 20 service centers. These centers perform
light manufacturing, such as assembly and fabrication of certain products.
Leased property or partially leased property.
9
Sources and Availability of Raw Materials
Important raw materials purchased in 2018 for each of the Company’s reportable segments are listed below.
Global Rolled Products
Alloying materials
Aluminum scrap
Coatings
Electricity
Lube oil
Natural gas
Packaging materials
Primary aluminum (ingot, slab, billet, P1020, high purity)
Steam
Engineered Products and Solutions
Alloying materials
Cobalt
Electricity
Natural gas
Nickel alloys
Primary aluminum (ingot, billet, P1020, high purity)
Stainless steel
Steel
Titanium alloys
Titanium sponge
Transportation and Construction Solutions
Aluminum coil
Aluminum scrap
Electricity
Natural gas
Paint/Coating
Primary aluminum (billet)
Resin
Generally, other materials are purchased from third-party suppliers under competitively priced supply contracts or bidding
arrangements. The Company believes that the raw materials necessary to its business are and will continue to be available.
Patents, Trade Secrets and Trademarks
The Company believes that its domestic and international patent, trade secret and trademark assets provide it with a significant
competitive advantage. The Company’s rights under its patents, as well as the products made and sold under them, are
important to the Company as a whole and, to varying degrees, important to each business segment. The patents owned by
Arconic generally concern metal alloys, particular products, manufacturing equipment or techniques. Arconic’s business as a
whole is not, however, materially dependent on any single patent, trade secret or trademark. As a result of product development
and technological advancement, the Company continues to pursue patent protection in jurisdictions throughout the world. As of
the end of 2018, the Company’s worldwide patent portfolio consists of approximately 1,863 granted patents and 824 pending
patent applications.
The Company also has a significant number of trade secrets, mostly regarding manufacturing processes and material
compositions that give many of its businesses important advantages in their markets. The Company continues to strive to
improve those processes and generate new material compositions that provide additional benefits.
With respect to domestic and international registered trademarks, the Company has many that have significant recognition
within the markets that are served. Examples include the name “Arconic” and the Arconic symbol for aluminum, nickel, and
titanium products, Howmet® metal castings, Huck® fasteners, Kawneer® building panels and Dura-Bright® wheels with easy-
clean surface treatments. A significant trademark filing campaign for the name “Arconic” was completed in 2016, in support of
the corporate launch of Arconic Inc. As of the end of 2018, the Company’s worldwide trademark portfolio consists of
approximately 1,967 registered trademarks and 465 pending trademark applications. The Company’s rights under its
trademarks are important to the Company as a whole and, to varying degrees, important to each business segment.
Competitive Conditions
Engineered Products and Solutions (EP&S)
EP&S’s business units - AFS, AEN and AES -are subject to substantial and intense competition in the markets they serve.
Although Arconic believes its advanced technology, manufacturing processes and experience provide advantages to Arconic’s
customers, such as high quality and superior mechanical properties that meet the Company’s customers’ most stringent
requirements, many of the products Arconic makes can be produced by competitors using similar types of manufacturing
10
processes as well as alternative forms of manufacturing. Despite intense competition, Arconic continues as a market leader in
most of its principal markets. Several factors, including Arconic’s legacy of technical innovation, state-of-the-art capabilities,
engaged employees and long-standing customer relationships, enable the Company to maintain its competitive position.
Principal competitors in the EP&S segment include Berkshire Hathaway Inc., through its acquisition of Precision Castparts
Corporation and subsidiaries, for titanium and titanium-based alloys, precision forgings, seamless rolled rings, investment
castings and aerospace fasteners; VSMPO (Russia) for titanium and titanium-based alloys and precision forgings; the High-
Performance Materials & Components segment of Allegheny Technologies, Inc. (ATI) for titanium and titanium-based alloys,
precision forgings, and investment castings; Lisi Aerospace (France) for aerospace fasteners; and Aubert & Duval (part of
Eramet Group in France) for precision forgings.
Other competitors include:
•
•
•
•
Kaiser Aluminum - for extruded products
Universal Alloy Corp., part of Montana Tech Components - for extruded products
Doncasters Group Ltd. (UK) - for investment castings
Consolidated Precision Products Corp., part of Warburg Pincus - for investment castings
• Weber Metals, part of Otto Fuchs - for precision forgings
•
•
Forgital - for seamless rings
Frisa (Mexico) - for seamless rings
Several of Arconic’s largest customers have captive superalloy furnaces for producing airfoil investment castings for their own
use. Many other companies around the world also produce superalloy investment castings, and some of these companies
currently compete with Arconic in the aerospace and other markets, while others are capable of competing with the Company
should they choose to do so.
International competition in the investment castings, fasteners, rings and forgings markets may also increase in the future as a
result of strategic alliances among engine original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), aero-structure prime contractors, and
overseas companies, especially in developing markets, particularly where “offset” or “local content” requirements create
purchase obligations with respect to products manufactured in or directed to a particular country.
Global Rolled Products (GRP)
GRP is one of the leaders in many of the aluminum flat rolled products markets in which it participates, including aerospace,
automotive, commercial transportation, industrial markets (including brazing sheet) and packaging. However, much like other
Arconic businesses, GRP is subject to substantial and intense competition in all of its markets.
While GRP participates in markets where Arconic believes the Company has a significant competitive advantage due to
customer intimacy, advanced manufacturing capability, unique technology and/or differentiated products, in certain cases, the
Company’s competitors are capable of making products similar to Arconic’s. The Company continuously works to maintain
and enhance its competitive advantage through innovation: new alloys such as aerospace alloys, differentiated products such as
the Company’s 5-layer brazing products and break-through processes such as Arconic Micromill® technology.
Some of GRP’s markets are worldwide and some are more regionally focused. Participation in these segments by GRP’s
competitors varies. For example, Novelis is the largest flat rolled products producer competing in automotive, but it does not
participate in the aerospace market. On the other hand, Constellium participates in all major market segments including
aerospace, brazing, industrial, commercial transportation and packaging. Granges participates only in the brazing sheet market.
Other GRP competitors include Aleris, AMAG, Hydro, Kaiser, Kobe, Nanshan, and UACJ. The competitive landscape is
changing - in this past year, Novelis announced the acquisition of aluminum rolled products producer Aleris and Braidy
Industries announced its intention to build a new aluminum mill near Ashland, Kentucky for automotive production.
Additionally, there are a number of new competitors emerging, particularly in China and other developing economies. Arconic
expects that this competitive pressure will continue and increase in the future as customers seek to globalize their supply bases
in order to reduce costs. The Company continually monitors and plans for these new emerging players.
Summary of Major Competitors for GRP:
•
•
•
•
•
Constellium (The Netherlands)
Novelis
Kaiser Aluminum
AMAG (Austria)
UACJ (Japan)
11
•
•
•
•
•
Aleris
Hydro (Norway)
Nanshan (China)
Granges (Sweden)
Kobe (Japan)
Transportation and Construction Solutions (TCS)
In the forged aluminum wheels business, AWTP competes in commercial transportation, under the product brand name Alcoa®
Wheels, for the major regions that it serves (Americas, Europe, Japan, China, and Australia). AWTP competes against steel
wheels, as well as aluminum. Its larger competitors are Accuride Corporation, Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation,
Zhejiang Dicastal Hongxin Technology Co. Ltd, Wheels India Limited and Speedline (member of the Ronal Group). AWTP has
continued to see aluminum wheel suppliers (both forged and cast aluminum wheels) from China, Taiwan, India and South
Korea attempting to penetrate the commercial transportation market.
BCS is a manufacturer of aluminum architectural systems and products in North America and Europe. In North America, BCS
primarily competes in the nonresidential building segment. In Europe, it competes in both the residential and the nonresidential
building segments. BCS competes with regional and local players in the architectural systems and more global companies in
the products markets. BCS’s competitive advantage is the cornerstone to its strong brand, innovative products, customer
intimacy and technical services. Over the past decade, the regional competitors, primarily in North America, have narrowed the
product portfolio and technical services advantages. However, BCS has maintained its competitive advantage through
innovative products like highly energy-efficient high-thermal products and differentiated services. BCS sales are derived
mainly from the retail, office, education and healthcare building segments.
BCS is organized into two business segments: architectural systems and architectural products. The primary product categories
in architectural systems are storefront, framing and entrances (SEF), curtain walls, and windows. In the SEF and curtain wall
businesses, BCS competes with competitors like Apogee, YKK, Oldcastle, Schüco, Hydro/SAPA and Reynaers in their
aluminum framing systems business. The architectural products business is more global and is primarily served by subsidiaries
of larger companies like Alpolic (Mitsubishi Corporation), Alucobond (Schweiter Technologies) and Novelis (Aditya Birla
Group). The primary product categories are aluminum composite material and coil coated sheet. The competitive landscape in
the architectural systems market has been relatively stable since the mid-2000s, with the major competitors in North America
and Europe still operating in their markets, despite some industry consolidation in North America during the late 2000s.
Summary of Major Competitors:
AWTP:
•
•
•
Accuride Corporation
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation (Japan)
Zhejiang Dicastal Hongxin Technology Co. Ltd (China)
• Wheels India Limited (India)
•
Speedline (member of the Ronal Group in Switzerland)
BCS:
•
•
•
•
Apogee, Oldcastle and YKK
Alpolic, Alucobond and Alucoil
Schüco (Germany), Hydro/SAPA (Norway), Reynaers (Belgium) and Corialis (Belgium)
Alucobond, Alucoil, Euramax and Novelis
Research and Development
Arconic, at its light metals research center, engages in research and development (R&D) programs that include process and
product development, and basic and applied research.
Throughout 2018, the Company continued working on new developments in all business segments and leveraging new
technologies. The Company has continued investing in additive manufacturing, with a focus on producing metal powder
materials tailored for a range of additive process technologies, and furthering its development of advanced 3D printing design
and manufacturing techniques-such as Arconic’s Ampliforge™ process-to improve production speeds, reduce costs, and achieve
material properties not possible through other additive flowpaths. The Company’s powder production facility was completed at
the Arconic Technology Center (ATC) in 2016. This facility will continue its focus on material development in aluminum,
nickel and titanium alloys.
12
The Company is also producing and qualifying additively manufactured aerospace, automotive and defense components via
laser powder bed printing technology. It also is developing more formable titanium plate based wrought products for customers.
Arconic’s Micromill® technology, which enables aluminum sheet to be produced in a matter of minutes rather than weeks and
with enhanced structural properties, continues to grow. Specifically, the Arconic Micromill® technology located in San Antonio
continues to transition to commercial production. In addition, the Company has invested in further developing Micromill™
technology, including installation of a pilot line at the ATC.
The Company continues to develop differentiated pretreatment technology, for example, by continuing to improve on its A951
technology, which enables aluminum to be joined with steel (e.g., in automotive applications). In addition, the Company
continues to advance its joining methods/fasteners (like RSR™) and highly formable and high strength automotive sheet
products for automotive original equipment manufacturer applications in both cosmetic hang on parts and structural body-in-
white applications. A pilot coating line was installed at ATC in 2018.
The Company continued its differentiation in the commercial transportation market with Dura-Bright® EVO, UltraOne™ and
European UltraOne™ wheel products.
The Company also continues to develop and deploy proprietary processing technologies in the manufacture of aerospace
components, as well as a continued commitment and commercialization of a portfolio of proprietary aerospace fasteners. One
such example is Ergo-Tech® blind fasteners which enable automated assembly operations.
Environmental Matters
Information relating to environmental matters is included in Note U to the Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption
“Environmental Matters”. Approved capital expenditures for new or expanded facilities for environmental control are
$28 million for 2019 and estimated expenditures for such purposes are $8 million for 2020.
Employees
Total worldwide employment at the end of 2018 was approximately 43,000 employees in 29 countries. About 18,600 of these
employees are represented by labor unions. The Company believes that relations with its employees and any applicable union
representatives generally are good.
In the United States, approximately 7,900 employees are represented by various labor unions. The largest collective bargaining
agreement is the master collective bargaining agreement between Arconic and the United Steelworkers (USW). The USW
master agreement covers approximately 3,400 employees at four U.S. locations; the current labor agreement expires on May
15, 2019. There are 17 other collective bargaining agreements in the United States with varying expiration dates.
On a regional basis, collective bargaining agreements with varying expiration dates cover approximately 8,900 employees in
Europe and Russia, 8,100 employees in North America, 600 employees in South America, and 1,000 employees in Asia.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
The names, ages, positions and areas of responsibility of the executive officers of the Company as of February 21, 2019 are
listed below.
Elmer L. Doty, 64, Director, President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Doty was appointed President and Chief Operating
Officer of Arconic effective February 6, 2019, and has served on the Arconic Board of Directors since May 2017. From March
2016 until February 2019, Mr. Doty was an Operating Executive at The Carlyle Group LP, multinational private equity,
alternative asset management and financial services corporation, where he held a similar position from March 2012 to
December 2012. From December 2012 to February 2016, Mr. Doty was President and Chief Executive Officer of Accudyne
Industries LLC, a provider of precision-engineered flow control systems and industrial compressors. Mr. Doty also was the
President and Chief Executive Officer of Vought Aircraft Industries, Inc. from 2006 until its acquisition in 2010 by Triumph
Group, a leader in manufacturing and overhauling aerospace structures, systems and components. Prior to Vought, Mr. Doty
was Executive Vice President and General Manager of the Land Systems Division of United Defense Industries, Inc. (now
BAE Systems). Earlier in his career, Mr. Doty held executive positions at General Electric Company and FMC Corporation.
Ken Giacobbe, 53, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Giacobbe was elected Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer of Arconic effective November 1, 2016. Mr. Giacobbe joined Arconic in 2004 as Vice President of
Finance for Global Extruded Products, part of Alcoa Forgings and Extrusions. He then served as Vice President of Finance for
the Company’s Building and Construction Systems business from 2008 until 2011. In 2011, he assumed the role of Group
Controller for the Engineered Products and Solutions segment. From January 2013 until October 2016, Mr. Giacobbe served as
Chief Financial Officer of the Engineered Products and Solutions segment. Before joining Arconic, Mr. Giacobbe held senior
finance roles at Avaya and Lucent Technologies.
13
Timothy D. Myers, 53, Executive Vice President and Group President, Global Rolled Products and Transportation and
Construction Solutions. Mr. Myers was appointed Executive Vice President and Group President, Global Rolled Products and
Transportation and Construction Solutions in October 2017. Prior to being appointed to his current role, he was Executive Vice
President and Group President, Transportation and Construction Solutions from May 2016 to October 2017. Prior to that
assignment, he was President of Alcoa Wheel and Transportation Products, from June 2009 to May 2016. Mr. Myers was Vice
President and General Manager, Commercial Vehicle Wheels for the Alcoa Wheel Products business from January 2006 to June
2009. Mr. Myers joined Arconic in 1991 as an automotive applications engineer in the Commercial Rolled Products Division,
and held a series of engineering, marketing, sales and management positions with the Company since that time.
Paul Myron, 52, Vice President and Controller. Mr. Myron was elected Vice President and Controller of Arconic effective
November 1, 2016. Mr. Myron joined Arconic as a systems analyst in Pittsburgh and in 1992 relocated to the Company’s
Davenport, Iowa facility as a product accountant. He served in numerous financial management positions from 1995 until 2000
when he was named Commercial Manager and Controller for the Atlantic division of the Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals
business. In 2002, Mr. Myron was appointed Vice President of Finance, Alcoa Primary Metals and later became Vice President
of Finance, Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals. In 2005 Mr. Myron was named Director of Financial Planning and Analysis,
accountable for Arconic’s financial planning, analysis, and reporting worldwide. In February 2012, he became Director of
Finance Initiatives for the Engineered Products and Solutions segment, overseeing specific financial initiatives and projects
within the group. From July 2012 until his most recent appointment, Mr. Myron served as Vice President, Finance and Business
Excellence for the Arconic Power and Propulsion business.
John C. Plant, 65, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Plant was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Arconic
effective February 6, 2019. He has served as Arconic's Chairman since October 2017 and as a member of the Board since
February 2016. Mr. Plant previously served as Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of TRW
Automotive from 2011 to 2015, and as its President and Chief Executive Officer from 2003 to 2011. TRW Automotive was
acquired by ZF Friedrichshafen AG in May 2015. Mr. Plant was a co-member of the Chief Executive Office of TRW Inc. from
2001 to 2003 and an Executive Vice President of TRW from the company's 1999 acquisition of Lucas Varity to 2003. Prior to
TRW, Mr. Plant was President of Lucas Varity Automotive and managing director of the Electrical and Electronics division
from 1991 through 1997.
Katherine H. Ramundo, 51, Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary. Ms. Ramundo was elected to her
current position effective November 1, 2016. Prior to joining Arconic, from January 2013 through August 2015, she was
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of ANN INC., the parent company of ANN TAYLOR and LOFT
brands, based in New York. Prior to ANN INC., she served as Vice President, Deputy General Counsel and Assistant Secretary
at Colgate-Palmolive, where she held various legal roles from November 1997 to January 2013. She began her career as a
litigator in New York, practicing at major law firms, including Cravath, Swaine & Moore and Sidley & Austin.
The Company’s executive officers are elected or appointed to serve until the next annual meeting of the Board of Directors
(held in conjunction with the annual meeting of shareholders) except in the case of earlier death, retirement, resignation or
removal.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Arconic’s business, financial condition and results of operations may be impacted by a number of factors. In addition to the
factors discussed elsewhere in this report, the following risks and uncertainties could materially harm its business, financial
condition or results of operations, including causing Arconic’s actual results to differ materially from those projected in any
forward-looking statements. The following list of significant risk factors is not all-inclusive or necessarily in order of
importance. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to Arconic or that Arconic currently deems immaterial also
may materially adversely affect the Company in future periods.
The markets for Arconic’s products are highly cyclical and are influenced by a number of factors, including global
economic conditions.
Arconic is subject to cyclical fluctuations in global economic conditions and lightweight metals end-use markets.
Arconic sells many products to industries that are cyclical, such as the aerospace, automotive, and commercial
transportation and construction industries, and the demand for its products is sensitive to, and quickly impacted by,
demand for the finished goods manufactured by its customers in these industries, which may change as a result of
changes in regional or worldwide economies, currency exchange rates, energy prices or other factors beyond its control.
In particular, Arconic derives a significant portion of its revenue from products sold to the aerospace industry, which can be
highly cyclical and reflective of changes in the general economy. The commercial aerospace industry is historically driven
by the demand from commercial airlines for new aircraft. The U.S. and international commercial aviation industries may
face challenges arising from competitive pressures and fuel costs. Demand for commercial aircraft is influenced by airline
industry profitability, trends in airline passenger traffic, the state of U.S., regional and world economies, the ability of
14
aircraft purchasers to obtain required financing and numerous other factors including the effects of terrorism, health and
safety concerns, environmental constraints imposed upon aircraft operators, the retirement of older aircraft, and
technological improvements to new engines. The military aerospace cycle is highly dependent on U.S. and foreign
government funding; however, it is also driven by the effects of terrorism, a changing global political environment, U.S.
foreign policy, the retirement of older aircraft, and technological improvements to new engines.
Further, the demand for Arconic’s automotive and ground transportation products is driven by the number of vehicles
produced by automotive manufacturers and Arconic content per vehicle. The automotive industry is sensitive to general
economic conditions, including credit markets and interest rates, and consumer spending and preferences regarding
vehicle ownership and usage, vehicle size, configuration and features. Automotive sales and production can also be
affected by other factors including the age of the vehicle fleet and related scrappage rates, labor relations issues, fuel
prices, regulatory requirements, government initiatives, trade agreements and levels of competition.
While Arconic believes that the long-term prospects for its products are positive, the Company is unable to predict the
future course of industry variables, the strength of the U.S., regional or global economies, or the effects of government
intervention. Negative economic conditions, such as a major economic downturn, a prolonged recovery period, or
disruptions in the financial markets, could have a material adverse effect on Arconic’s business, financial condition or
results of operations.
Arconic faces significant competition, which may have an adverse effect on profitability.
As discussed in Part I, Item 1. (Business-Competitive Conditions) of this report, the markets for Arconic’s products are highly
competitive. Arconic’s competitors include a variety of both U.S. and non-U.S. companies in all major markets. New product
offerings, new technologies in the marketplace or new facilities may compete with or replace Arconic products. The
willingness of customers to accept substitutes for the products sold by Arconic, the ability of large customers to exert leverage
in the marketplace to affect the pricing for Arconic’s products, and technological advancements or other developments by or
affecting Arconic’s competitors or customers could adversely affect Arconic’s business, financial condition or results of
operations.
In addition, Arconic may face increased competition due to industry consolidation. As companies attempt to strengthen or
hold their market positions in an evolving industry, companies could be acquired or may be unable to continue operations.
Companies that are strategic alliance partners in some areas of Arconic’s business may acquire or form alliances with
Arconic’s competitors, thereby reducing their business with Arconic. Industry consolidation may result in stronger
competitors who are better able to compete as sole-source vendors for customers. If there is consolidation among Arconic’s
customer base, those customers may be able to command increased leverage in negotiating prices and other terms of sale,
which could adversely affect Arconic’s profitability. Moreover, if, as a result of increased leverage, customer pressures
require Arconic to reduce its pricing such that its gross margins are diminished, the Company could decide not to sell certain
products under such less favorable terms, which would decrease Arconic’s revenue. Consolidation among the Company’s
customer base may also lead to reduced demand for Arconic’s solutions, replacement of Arconic products by the combined
entity with those of Arconic’s competitors and cancellations of orders, each of which could have a material adverse effect on
Arconic’s business, operating results and financial condition.
Arconic may be unable to develop innovative new products or implement technology initiatives successfully.
Arconic’s competitive position and future performance depends, in part, on the Company’s ability to:
•
•
•
identify and evolve with emerging technological and broader industry trends in Arconic’s target end-markets;
identify and successfully execute on a strategy to remain an essential and sustainable element of its customer’s supply
chain;
fund, develop, manufacture and bring innovative new products and services to market quickly and cost-effectively;
• monitor disruptive technologies and understand customers’ and competitors’ abilities to deploy those disruptive
technologies; and
•
achieve sufficient return on investment for new products based on capital expenditures and research and development
spending.
Arconic is working on new developments for a number of strategic projects in all business segments, including additive
manufacturing, alloy development, engineered finishes and product design, high speed continuous casting and rolling
technology, and other advanced manufacturing technologies. For more information on Arconic’s research and development
programs, see “Research and Development” in Part I, Item 1. (Business-Research and Development) of this report.
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While Arconic intends to continue committing substantial financial resources and effort to the development of innovative new
products and services, it may not be able to successfully differentiate its products or services from those of its competitors or
match the level of research and development spending of its competitors, including those developing technology to displace
Arconic’s current products. In addition, Arconic may not be able to adapt to evolving markets and technologies or achieve
and maintain technological advantages. There can be no assurance that any of Arconic’s new products or services,
development programs or technologies will be commercially adopted or beneficial to Arconic.
Arconic could be adversely affected by changes in the business or financial condition or the loss of a significant
customer or customers.
A significant downturn or deterioration in the business or financial condition or loss of a key customer or customers supplied
by Arconic could affect Arconic’s financial results in a particular period. Arconic’s customers may experience delays in the
launch of new products, labor strikes, diminished liquidity or credit unavailability, weak demand for their products, or other
difficulties in their businesses. Arconic’s customers may also change their business strategies or modify their business
relationships with Arconic, including to reduce the amount of Arconic’s products they purchase or to switch to alternative
suppliers. If Arconic is unsuccessful in replacing business lost from such customers, profitability may be adversely affected.
Arconic could encounter manufacturing difficulties or other issues that impact product performance, quality or
safety, which could affect Arconic’s reputation, business and financial statements.
The manufacture of many of Arconic’s products is a highly exacting and complex process. Problems may arise during
manufacturing for a variety of reasons, including equipment malfunction, failure to follow specific protocols, specifications
and procedures, including those related to quality or safety, problems with raw materials, supply chain interruptions, natural
disasters, labor unrest and environmental factors. Such problems could have an adverse impact on the Company’s ability to
fulfill orders or on product quality or performance. Product manufacturing or performance issues could result in recalls,
customer penalties, contract cancellation and product liability exposure, including if any of our products are non-compliant
or are used in an unintended and/or unapproved manner that results in injuries or other damages. Because of approval and
license requirements applicable to manufacturers and/or their suppliers, alternatives to mitigate manufacturing disruptions
may not be readily available to the Company or its customers. Accordingly, manufacturing problems, product defects or
other risks associated with our products, including their use or application, could result in significant costs to and liability for
Arconic that could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations, including the
payment of potentially substantial monetary damages, fines or penalties, as well as negative publicity and damage to the
Company’s reputation, which could adversely impact product demand and customer relationships.
Arconic’s business depends, in part, on its ability to meet increased program demand successfully and to mitigate the
impact of program cancellations, reductions and delays.
Arconic is currently under contract to supply components for a number of new and existing commercial, general aviation,
military aircraft and aircraft engine programs and is the sole supplier of aluminum sheet for a number of aluminum-intensive
automotive vehicle programs. Many of these programs are scheduled for production increases over the next several years. If
Arconic fails to meet production levels or encounters difficulty or unexpected costs in meeting such levels, it could have a
material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations. Similarly, program
cancellations, reductions or delays could also have a material adverse effect on Arconic’s business.
Arconic could be adversely affected by reductions in defense spending.
Arconic’s products are used in a variety of military applications, including military aircraft and armored vehicles. Although
many of the programs in which Arconic participates extend several years, they are subject to annual funding through
congressional appropriations. Changes in military strategy and priorities, or reductions in defense spending, may affect
current and future funding of these programs and could reduce the demand for Arconic’s products, which could adversely
affect Arconic’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Arconic’s global operations and status as a public company expose the Company to risks that could adversely
affect Arconic’s business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or the market price of its
securities.
Arconic has operations or activities in numerous countries and regions outside the United States, including Europe, Brazil,
Canada, China, Japan, and Russia. As a result, the Company’s global operations are affected by economic, political and other
conditions in the foreign countries in which Arconic does business as well as U.S. laws regulating international trade,
including:
•
economic and commercial instability risks, including those caused by sovereign and private debt default, corruption,
and changes in local government laws, regulations and policies, such as those related to tariffs, sanctions and trade
barriers, taxation, exchange controls, employment regulations and repatriation of earnings;
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•
•
•
geopolitical risks such as political instability, civil unrest, expropriation, nationalization of properties by a government,
imposition of sanctions, and renegotiation or nullification of existing agreements;
war or terrorist activities;
kidnapping of personnel;
• major public health issues such as an outbreak of a pandemic or epidemic (such as Sudden Acute Respiratory
Syndrome, Avian Influenza, H7N9 virus, or the Ebola virus), which could cause disruptions in Arconic’s operations or
workforce;
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
difficulties enforcing intellectual property and contractual rights in certain jurisdictions;
changes in trade and tax laws that may result in our customers being subjected to increased taxes, duties and tariffs
and reduce their willingness to use our services in countries in which we are currently manufacturing their products;
rising labor costs;
labor unrest, including strikes;
compliance with antitrust and competition regulations;
compliance with foreign labor laws, which generally provide for increased notice, severance and consultation
requirements compared to U.S. laws;
aggressive, selective or lax enforcement of laws and regulations by national governmental authorities;
compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”) and other anti-bribery and corruption laws;
compliance with U.S. laws concerning trade, including the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”), the
Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”), and the sanctions, regulations and embargoes administered by the U.S.
Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Asset Controls (“OFAC”);
imposition of currency controls;
adverse tax audit rulings; and
unexpected events, including fires or explosions at facilities, and natural disasters.
Although the effect of any of the foregoing factors is difficult to predict, any one or more of them could adversely affect
Arconic’s business, financial condition, or results of operations. While Arconic believes it has adopted appropriate risk
management, compliance programs and insurance arrangements to address and reduce the risks associated with these factors,
such measures may provide inadequate protection against costs or liabilities that may arise from such events.
As a public company, Arconic is subject to, among other things, the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the
regulations of the New York Stock Exchange. Arconic’s failure to comply with applicable law could subject it to penalties
under federal securities laws, expose it to lawsuits and restrict its ability to access financing. Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act,
Arconic must maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. There can
be no assurance that Arconic’s internal control over financial reporting will be effective in the future or that a material
weakness will not be discovered with respect to a prior period for which the Company had previously believed that internal
controls were effective. Any failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial
reporting could result in adverse regulatory consequences and/or a loss of investor confidence, which could limit the
Company’s ability to access the global capital markets and could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business,
financial condition or the market price of Arconic securities.
A material disruption of Arconic’s operations, particularly at one or more of the Company’s manufacturing facilities,
could adversely affect Arconic’s business.
If Arconic’s operations, particularly one of the Company’s manufacturing facilities, were to be disrupted as a result of
significant equipment failures, natural disasters, power outages, fires, explosions, terrorism, theft, sabotage, adverse weather
conditions, public health crises, labor disputes or other reasons, the Company may be unable to effectively meet its
obligations to or demand from its customers, which could adversely affect Arconic’s financial performance.
Interruptions in production could increase the Company’s costs and reduce its sales. Any interruption in production capability
could require the Company to make substantial capital expenditures or purchase alternative material at higher costs to fill
customer orders, which could negatively affect Arconic’s profitability and financial condition. Arconic maintains property
damage insurance that the Company believes to be adequate to provide for reconstruction of facilities and equipment, as well
as business interruption insurance to mitigate losses resulting from significant production interruption or shutdown caused by
an insured loss. However, any recovery under Arconic’s insurance policies may not offset the lost profits or increased costs
that may be experienced during the disruption of operations, which could adversely affect Arconic’s business, results of
operations, financial condition and cash flow.
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Arconic may face challenges to its intellectual property rights which could adversely affect the Company’s
reputation, business and competitive position.
Arconic owns important intellectual property, including patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets. The Company’s
intellectual property plays an important role in maintaining Arconic’s competitive position in a number of the markets that
the Company serves. Arconic’s competitors may develop technologies that are similar or superior to Arconic’s proprietary
technologies or design around the patents Arconic owns or licenses. The pursuit of remedies for any misappropriation of
Arconic intellectual property is expensive and the ultimate remedies may be deemed insufficient. Further, as the Company
expands its operations in jurisdictions where the enforcement of intellectual property rights is less robust, the risk of
misappropriation of Arconic intellectual property increases, despite efforts the Company undertakes to protect it.
Developments or assertions by or against Arconic relating to intellectual property rights, and any inability to protect or
enforce Arconic’s rights sufficiently, could adversely affect Arconic’s business and competitive position.
Arconic may be unable to realize the expected benefits from acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures and strategic
alliances.
Arconic has made, and may continue to plan and execute, acquisitions and divestitures and take other actions to grow its
business or streamline its portfolio. Although management believes that its strategic actions are beneficial to Arconic, there is
no assurance that anticipated benefits will be realized. Acquisitions present significant challenges and risks, including the
effective integration of the business into the Company, unanticipated costs and liabilities, and the ability to realize anticipated
benefits, such as growth in market share, revenue or margins, at the levels or in the timeframe expected. The Company may
be unable to manage acquisitions successfully. Additionally, adverse factors may prevent Arconic from realizing the benefits
of its growth projects, including unfavorable global economic conditions, currency fluctuations, or unexpected delays in
target timelines.
With respect to portfolio optimization actions such as divestitures, curtailments and closures, Arconic may face barriers to
exit from unprofitable businesses or operations, including high exit costs or objections from customers, suppliers, unions,
local or national governments, or other stakeholders. In addition, Arconic may retain unforeseen liabilities for divested
entities if a buyer fails to honor all commitments. Arconic’s business operations are capital intensive, and curtailment or
closure of operations or facilities may include significant charges, including employee separation costs, asset impairment
charges and other measures.
In addition, Arconic has participated in, and may continue to participate in, joint ventures, strategic alliances and other similar
arrangements from time to time. Although the Company has, in connection with past and existing joint ventures, sought to
protect its interests, joint ventures and strategic alliances inherently involve special risks. Whether or not Arconic holds
majority interests or maintains operational control in such arrangements, its partners may:
•
•
•
•
have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with or opposed to those of the Company;
exercise veto rights to block actions that Arconic believes to be in its or the joint venture’s or strategic alliance’s best
interests;
take action contrary to Arconic’s policies or objectives with respect to investments; or
as a result of financial or other difficulties, be unable or unwilling to fulfill their obligations under the joint venture,
strategic alliance or other agreements, such as contributing capital to expansion or maintenance projects.
There can be no assurance that acquisitions, growth investments, divestitures, closures, joint ventures, strategic
alliances or similar arrangements will be undertaken or completed in their entirety as planned or that they will be
beneficial to Arconic, whether due to the above-described risks, unfavorable global economic conditions, increases
in construction costs, currency fluctuations, political risks, or other factors.
Arconic may be unable to realize future targets or goals established for its business segments, or complete projects,
at the levels, projected costs or by the dates targeted.
From time to time, Arconic may announce future targets or goals for its business, which are based on the Company’s
then current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the operating environment, economies and
markets in which Arconic operates. Future targets and goals reflect the Company’s beliefs and assumptions and its
perception of historical trends, then current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors
management believes are appropriate in the circumstances. As such, targets and goals are inherently subject to
significant business, economic, competitive and other uncertainties and contingencies regarding future events,
including the risks discussed in this report. The actual outcome may be materially different. There can be no
assurance that any targets or goals established by the Company will be accomplished at the levels or by the dates
targeted, if at all. Failure to achieve the targets or goals by the Company may have a material adverse effect on its
business, financial condition, results of operations or the market price of its securities.
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In addition, the implementation of Arconic’s business strategy periodically involves the entry into and the execution of complex
projects, which place significant demands on the Company’s management and personnel, and may depend on numerous factors
beyond the Company’s control. There can be no assurance that such projects will be completed within budgeted costs, on a
timely basis, or at all, whether due to the risks described in this report, or other factors. The failure to complete a material
project as planned, or a significant delay in a material project, whatever the cause, could have an adverse effect on Arconic’s
business, financial condition, or results of operations.
Arconic’s plans to restructure the Company, including separating into two companies and the possible sales of
businesses, will involve significant time and expense, which could disrupt or adversely affect Arconic’s business,
may not achieve some or all of the anticipated benefits, are subject to various risks and uncertainties and may not
be completed in accordance with the expected plans or anticipated timelines, or at all.
On February 8, 2019, Arconic announced plans to separate into Engineered Products & Forgings and Global Rolled
Products, with a spin-off of one of the businesses, and to consider the possible sales of certain businesses.
Arconic expects that the process of completing the proposed separation and possible sales of businesses will be time-
consuming and involve significant costs and expenses, which may be significantly higher than what it currently anticipates
and may not yield a benefit if the separation and/or sales are not completed. Executing these transactions will also require
significant time and attention from Arconic’s senior management and employees, which could disrupt the Company’s
ongoing business and adversely affect financial results and results of operations. Arconic may also experience increased
difficulties in attracting, retaining and motivating employees or maintaining or initiating relationships with lead suppliers,
customers and other parties with which Arconic currently does business, or may do business in the future, during the
pendency of the separation and/or possible sales of businesses and following their completion, which could have a material
and adverse effect on Arconic’s businesses, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, or the businesses,
financial condition, results of operations and prospects of the independent companies resulting from the separation.
Arconic may not realize some or all of the anticipated strategic, financial, operational or other benefits from the separation
and/or possible sales of businesses. For example, as independent companies, the Engineered Products & Forgings and
Global Rolled Products businesses will be smaller, less diversified companies with a narrower business focus and may be
more vulnerable to changing market conditions, such as changes in industry conditions, which could result in increased
volatility in their cash flows, working capital and financing requirements and could materially and adversely affect the
respective business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, following the separation, there can be no
assurance that either company will be able to obtain an investment grade rating from nationally recognized credit rating
agencies, which could, among other things, increase the non-investment grade rated company’s cost of capital. Further,
there can be no assurance that the combined value of the common stock of the two companies will be equal to or greater
than what the value of Arconic’s common stock would have been had the proposed separation not occurred. In addition, if
Arconic pursues the possible sales of businesses, it may face barriers to exit or objections from various stakeholders, and/or
may retain liabilities for divested entities. There can be no assurance that any such sales will be undertaken or completed or
that they will be beneficial to Arconic, whether due to the above-described risks, unfavorable global economic conditions,
currency fluctuations, political risks, or other factors.
Additionally, the separation is subject to approval by Arconic’s Board of Directors and market, regulatory and certain other
conditions. Unanticipated developments, including, among others, failure of the separation to qualify for the expected tax
treatment, the possibility that any third-party consents required in connection with the separation will not be received,
material adverse changes in business or industry conditions, changes in global economic and financial market conditions
generally, and the ability to complete the possible sales of businesses, could delay or prevent the completion of the proposed
separation, or cause the proposed separation to occur on terms or conditions that are different or less favorable than
expected.
Information technology system failures, cyber attacks and security breaches may threaten the integrity of
Arconic’s intellectual property and other sensitive information, disrupt its business operations, and result in
reputational harm and other negative consequences that could have a material adverse effect on its financial
condition and results of operations.
Arconic relies on its information technology systems to manage and operate its business, process transactions, and
summarize its operating results. Arconic’s information technology systems are subject to damage or interruption from
power outages, computer and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, and catastrophic events, such as fires, floods,
earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, acts of war or terrorism, and usage errors by employees. If Arconic’s information
technology systems are damaged or cease to function properly, the Company may have to make a significant investment to
fix or replace them, and Arconic may suffer loss of critical data and interruptions or delays in its operations. Any material
disruption in the Company’s information technology systems, or delays or difficulties in implementing or integrating new
19
systems or enhancing current systems, could have an adverse effect on Arconic’s business, financial condition or results of
operations.
Arconic also faces global cybersecurity threats, which may range from uncoordinated individual attempts to sophisticated
and targeted measures, known as advanced persistent threats, directed at the Company. Cyber attacks and security breaches
may include, but are not limited to, attempts to access information, computer viruses, denial of service and other electronic
security breaches.
The Company believes that it faces a heightened threat of cyber attacks due to the industries it serves, the locations of its
operations and its technological innovations. The Company has experienced cybersecurity attacks in the past, including
breaches of its information technology systems in which information was taken, and may experience them in the future,
potentially with more frequency or sophistication. Based on information known to date, past attacks have not had a material
impact on Arconic’s financial condition or results of operations. However, due to the evolving nature of cybersecurity threats,
the scope and impact of any future incident cannot be predicted.
Arconic employs a number of measures to protect and defend against cyber attacks, including technical security controls, data
encryption, firewalls, intrusion prevention systems, anti-virus software and frequent backups. Additionally, the Company
conducts regular periodic training of its employees regarding the protection of sensitive information which includes training
intended to prevent the success of “phishing” attacks. While the Company continually works to safeguard its systems and
mitigate potential risks, there is no assurance that such actions will be sufficient to prevent cyber attacks or security breaches
that manipulate or improperly use its systems or networks, compromise confidential or otherwise protected information,
destroy or corrupt data, or otherwise disrupt its operations. The occurrence of such events could negatively impact Arconic’s
reputation and its competitive position and could result in litigation with third parties, regulatory action, loss of business,
potential liability and increased remediation costs, any of which could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition
and results of operations. In addition, such attacks or breaches could require significant management attention and resources,
and result in the diminution of the value of the Company’s investment in research and development.
Arconic’s enterprise risk management program and disclosure controls and procedures address cybersecurity and include
elements intended to ensure that there is an analysis of potential disclosure obligations arising from cyber attacks and security
breaches. Arconic also maintains compliance programs to address the potential applicability of restrictions against trading
while in possession of material, nonpublic information generally and in connection with a cyber attack or security breach.
However, a breakdown in existing controls and procedures around the Company’s cybersecurity environment may prevent
Arconic from detecting, reporting or responding to cyber incidents in a timely manner and could have a material adverse
effect on the Company’s financial condition or the market price of its securities.
A decline in Arconic’s financial performance or outlook could negatively impact the Company’s access to the global
capital markets, reduce the Company’s liquidity and increase its borrowing costs.
Arconic has significant capital requirements and depends, in part, upon the issuance of debt to fund its operations and
contractual commitments and pursue strategic acquisitions. A decline in the Company’s financial performance or outlook
due to internal or external factors could affect the Company’s access to, and the availability or cost of, financing on
acceptable terms and conditions. There can be no assurance that Arconic will have access to the global capital market on
terms the Company finds acceptable. Limitations on Arconic’s ability to access the global capital markets, a reduction in the
Company’s liquidity or an increase in borrowing costs could materially and adversely affect Arconic’s ability to maintain or
grow its business, which in turn may adversely affect its financial condition and results of operations.
A downgrade of Arconic’s credit ratings could limit Arconic’s ability to obtain future financing, increase its
borrowing costs, increase the pricing of its credit facilities, adversely affect the market price of its securities, trigger
letter of credit or other collateral postings, or otherwise impair its business, financial condition, and results of
operations.
Arconic’s credit ratings are important to the Company’s cost of capital. The major rating agencies routinely evaluate
Arconic’s credit profile and assign debt ratings to the Company. This evaluation is based on a number of factors, which
include financial strength, business and financial risk, as well as transparency with rating agencies and timeliness of financial
reporting. On May 1, 2017, Standard and Poor’s Ratings Services (S&P) affirmed Arconic’s long-term debt at BBB-, an
investment grade rating, with a stable outlook, and its short-term debt at A-3. On February 7, 2019, S&P changed the outlook
from stable to negative credit watch. On October 8, 2018, Moody’s Investor Service (Moody’s) affirmed Arconic’s long-term
debt rating at Ba2, a non-investment grade, with a stable outlook, and its short-term debt rating at Speculative Grade
Liquidity-2. On September 27, 2018, Fitch affirmed Arconic’s long-term debt rating at BB+, a non-investment grade, and
short-term debt at B. Additionally, Fitch changed the outlook from stable to positive.
There can be no assurance that one or more of these or other rating agencies will not take negative actions with respect to
Arconic’s ratings. Increased debt levels, macroeconomic conditions, a deterioration in the Company’s debt protection metrics,
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a contraction in the Company’s liquidity, or other factors could potentially trigger such actions. A rating agency may lower,
suspend or withdraw entirely a rating or place it on negative outlook or watch if, in that rating agency’s judgment,
circumstances so warrant.
A downgrade of Arconic’s credit ratings by one or more rating agencies could adversely impact the market price of Arconic’s
securities; adversely affect existing financing (for example, a downgrade by S&P or Moody’s would subject Arconic to higher
costs under Arconic’s Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement and certain of its other revolving credit facilities); limit access
to the capital (including commercial paper) or credit markets or otherwise adversely affect the availability of other new
financing on favorable terms, if at all; result in more restrictive covenants in agreements governing the terms of any future
indebtedness that the Company incurs; increase the cost of borrowing or fees on undrawn credit facilities; result in vendors or
counterparties seeking collateral or letters of credit from Arconic; or otherwise impair Arconic’s business, financial condition,
liquidity and results of operations.
Arconic’s business and growth prospects may be negatively impacted by limits in its capital expenditures.
Arconic requires substantial capital to invest in growth opportunities and to maintain and prolong the life and capacity of its
existing facilities. Insufficient cash generation or capital project overruns may negatively impact Arconic’s ability to fund as
planned its sustaining and return-seeking capital projects. Over the long term, Arconic’s ability to take advantage of improved
market conditions or growth opportunities in its businesses may be constrained by earlier capital expenditure restrictions,
which could adversely affect the long-term value of its business and the Company’s position in relation to its competitors.
An adverse decline in the liability discount rate, lower-than-expected investment return on pension assets and other
factors could affect Arconic’s results of operations or amount of pension funding contributions in future periods.
Arconic’s results of operations may be negatively affected by the amount of expense Arconic records for its pension and
other postretirement benefit plans, reductions in the fair value of plan assets and other factors. Arconic calculates income or
expense for its plans using actuarial valuations in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America (GAAP).
These valuations reflect assumptions about financial market and other economic conditions, which may change based on
changes in key economic indicators. The most significant year-end assumptions used by Arconic to estimate pension or other
postretirement benefit income or expense for the following year are the discount rate applied to plan liabilities and the
expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. In addition, Arconic is required to make an annual measurement of plan
assets and liabilities, which may result in a significant charge to shareholders’ equity. For a discussion regarding how
Arconic’s financial statements can be affected by pension and other postretirement benefits accounting policies, see “Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates-Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits” in Part II, Item 7. (Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) and Note G to the Consolidated Financial Statements-Pension
and Other Postretirement Benefits in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data). Although GAAP
expense and pension funding contributions are impacted by different regulations and requirements, the key economic factors
that affect GAAP expense would also likely affect the amount of cash or securities Arconic would contribute to the pension
plans.
Potential pension contributions include both mandatory amounts required under federal law and discretionary contributions to
improve the plans’ funded status. The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (“MAP-21”), enacted in 2012,
provided temporary relief for employers like Arconic who sponsor defined benefit pension plans related to funding
contributions under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 by allowing the use of a 25-year average discount
rate within an upper and lower range for purposes of determining minimum funding obligations. In 2014, the Highway and
Transportation Funding Act (HATFA) was signed into law. HATFA extended the relief provided by MAP-21 and modified the
interest rates that had been set by MAP-21. In 2015, the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 (BBA 2015) was signed into law.
BBA 2015 extends the relief period provided by HAFTA. Arconic believes that the relief provided by BBA 2015 will
moderately reduce the cash flow sensitivity of the Company’s U.S. pension plans’ funded status to potential declines in
discount rates over the next several years. However, higher than expected pension contributions due to a decline in the plans’
funded status as a result of declines in the discount rate or lower-than-expected investment returns on plan assets could have a
material negative effect on the Company’s cash flows. Adverse capital market conditions could result in reductions in the fair
value of plan assets and increase the Company’s liabilities related to such plans, which could adversely affect Arconic’s
liquidity and results of operations.
Unanticipated changes in Arconic’s tax provisions or exposure to additional tax liabilities could affect Arconic’s future
profitability.
Arconic is subject to income taxes in both the United States and various non-U.S. jurisdictions. Its domestic and international
tax liabilities are dependent upon the distribution of income among these different jurisdictions. Changes in applicable
domestic or foreign tax laws and regulations, or their interpretation and application, including the possibility of retroactive
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effect, could affect the Company’s tax expense and profitability. Arconic’s tax expense includes estimates of additional tax
that may be incurred for tax exposures and reflects various estimates and assumptions. The assumptions include assessments
of future earnings of the Company that could impact the valuation of its deferred tax assets. The Company’s future results of
operations could be adversely affected by changes in the effective tax rate as a result of a change in the mix of earnings in
countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the overall profitability of the Company, changes in tax legislation and
rates, changes in generally accepted accounting principles, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, the
results of tax audits and examinations of previously filed tax returns or related litigation and continuing assessments of its tax
exposures.
Corporate tax law changes continue to be analyzed in the United States and in many other jurisdictions. In particular, on
December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “2017 Act”) was signed into law, significantly reforming the United
States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. During 2018, the Internal Revenue Service began a number of guidance
projects which serve to both interpret and implement the 2017 Act. Those guidance projects, which include both Proposed
and Final Treasury Regulations, will continue into 2019. The Company continues to review the components of the 2017 Act,
as well as the ongoing interpretive guidance, and evaluate its consequences. As such, the ultimate impact of the 2017 Act may
differ from reported amounts due to, among other things, changes in interpretations and assumptions the Company has made
to date; and actions the Company may take as a result of the 2017 Act and related guidance. These changes to the U.S.
corporate tax system could have a substantial impact, positive or negative, on Arconic’s future effective tax rate, cash tax
expenditures, and deferred tax assets and liabilities.
Arconic’s business could be adversely affected by increases in the cost of aluminum.
Arconic derives a significant portion of its revenue from aluminum-based products. The price of primary aluminum has
historically been subject to significant cyclical price fluctuations and the timing of changes in the market price of aluminum is
largely unpredictable. Although the Company’s pricing of products is generally intended to pass the risk of metal price
fluctuations on to the Company’s customers or is otherwise hedged, there are situations where Arconic is unable to pass on the
entire cost of increases to its customers and there is a potential time lag on certain products between increases in costs for
aluminum and the point when the Company can implement a corresponding increase in price to its customers and/or there are
other timing factors that may result in Arconic's exposure to certain price fluctuations which could have a material adverse
effect on Arconic’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
Arconic is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, as well as inflation, economic
factors, and currency controls in the countries in which it operates.
Economic factors, including inflation and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, competitive
factors in the countries in which Arconic operates, and continued volatility or deterioration in the global economic and
financial environment could affect Arconic’s revenues, expenses and results of operations. Changes in the valuation of the
U.S. dollar against other currencies, including the Euro, British pound, Chinese yuan (renminbi) and Russian ruble, may
affect Arconic’s profitability as some important inputs are purchased in other currencies, while the Company’s products are
generally sold in U.S. dollars.
In addition, a portion of Arconic’s indebtedness, including certain borrowings under the Company’s Five-Year Credit Facility,
bears interest at rates equal to the London Interbank Offering Rate (LIBOR) plus an applicable margin based on the credit
ratings of Arconic’s outstanding senior unsecured long-term debt. Accordingly, the Company is subject to risk from changes
in interest rates on the variable component of the rate. Further, LIBOR is the subject of recent national, international and other
regulatory guidance and proposals for reform. These reforms and other pressures may cause LIBOR to disappear entirely or
to perform differently than in the past. The consequences of these developments cannot be entirely predicted, but could
include changes in the cost of Arconic’s variable rate indebtedness.
Arconic also faces risks arising from the imposition of cash repatriation restrictions and exchange controls. Cash repatriation
restrictions and exchange controls may limit the Company’s ability to convert foreign currencies into U.S. dollars or to remit
dividends and other payments by Arconic’s foreign subsidiaries or businesses located in or conducted within a country
imposing restrictions or controls. While Arconic currently has no need, and does not intend, to repatriate or convert cash held
in countries that have significant restrictions or controls in place, should the Company need to do so to fund its operations, it
may be unable to repatriate or convert such cash, or be unable to do so without incurring substantial costs. Arconic currently
has substantial operations in countries that have cash repatriation restrictions or exchange controls in place, including China,
and, if the Company were to need to repatriate or convert such cash, these controls and restrictions may have an adverse
effect on Arconic’s operating results and financial condition.
Arconic may not realize expected benefits from its productivity and cost-reduction initiatives.
Arconic has undertaken, and may continue to undertake, productivity and cost-reduction initiatives to improve performance
and conserve cash, including deployment of company-wide business process models, such as Arconic’s degrees of
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implementation process in which ideas are executed in a disciplined manner to generate savings, and operating cost
reductions, including, among others, those announced on February 8, 2019, in connection with the Company’s ongoing
strategic and portfolio review. There is no assurance that these initiatives will be successful or beneficial to Arconic or that
estimated cost savings from such activities will be realized. If Arconic fails to achieve net cost savings at anticipated levels,
its business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.
Arconic’s customers may reduce their demand for aluminum products in favor of alternative materials.
Certain applications of Arconic’s aluminum-based products compete with products made from other materials, such as steel,
titanium and composites. The willingness of customers to pursue materials other than aluminum depends upon the desire to
achieve specific attributes. For example, the commercial aerospace industry has used and continues to evaluate the further use
of alternative materials to aluminum, such as titanium and composites, in order to reduce the weight and increase the fuel
efficiency of aircraft. Additionally, the automotive industry, while motivated to reduce vehicle weight through the use of
aluminum, may revert to steel or other materials for certain applications. Further, the decision to use aluminum may be
impacted by aluminum prices. The willingness of customers to accept other materials in lieu of aluminum could adversely
affect the demand for certain of Arconic’s products, and thus adversely affect Arconic’s business, financial condition or
results of operations.
Arconic’s profitability could be adversely affected by volatility in the availability or cost of raw materials.
Arconic’s results of operations may be affected by changes in the availability or cost of raw materials (including, but not
limited to, aluminum, cobalt, nickel, titanium sponge and vanadium), as well as freight costs associated with transportation
of raw materials. The availability and costs of certain raw materials necessary for the production of Arconic’s products may
be influenced by private or government entities including mergers and acquisitions, changes in world politics or regulatory
requirements, labor relations between the producers and their work forces, unstable governments in exporting nations, export
quotas, sanctions, new or increased import duties, countervailing or anti-dumping duties, market forces of supply and
demand, and inflation. In addition, from time to time, commodity prices may fall rapidly. When this happens, suppliers may
withdraw capacity from the market until prices improve, which may cause periodic supply interruptions. Arconic may be
unable to offset fully the effects of raw material shortages or higher costs through customer price increases, productivity
improvements or cost reduction programs. Shortages or price fluctuations in raw materials could have a material adverse
effect on Arconic’s operating results.
Union disputes and other employee relations issues could adversely affect Arconic’s business, financial condition or
results of operations.
A significant portion of Arconic’s employees are represented by labor unions in a number of countries under various
collective bargaining agreements with varying durations and expiration dates. For more information, see “Employees” in Part
I, Item 1. (Business) of this report. While Arconic previously has been successful in renegotiating its collective bargaining
agreements with various unions, Arconic may not be able to satisfactorily renegotiate all collective bargaining agreements in
the United States and other countries when they expire. In addition, existing collective bargaining agreements may not
prevent a strike or work stoppage at Arconic’s facilities in the future. Arconic may also be subject to general country strikes or
work stoppages unrelated to its business or collective bargaining agreements. Any such work stoppages (or potential work
stoppages) could have a material adverse effect on Arconic’s business, financial condition or results of operations.
A failure to attract, retain or provide adequate succession plans for key personnel could adversely affect Arconic’s
operations and competitiveness.
Arconic’s existing operations and development projects require highly skilled executives and staff with relevant industry
and technical experience. The inability of the Company to attract and retain such people may adversely impact Arconic’s
ability to meet project demands adequately and fill roles in existing operations. Skills shortages in engineering,
manufacturing, technology, construction and maintenance contractors and other labor market inadequacies may also impact
activities. These shortages may adversely impact the cost and schedule of development projects and the cost and efficiency
of existing operations.
In addition, the continuity of key personnel and the preservation of institutional knowledge are vital to the success of the
Company’s growth and business strategy. The loss of key members of management and other personnel could significantly
harm Arconic’s business, and any unplanned turnover, or failure to develop adequate succession plans for key positions,
could deplete the Company’s institutional knowledge base, delay or impede the execution of the Company’s business plans
and erode Arconic’s competitiveness.
Arconic may be exposed to significant legal proceedings, investigations or changes in U.S. federal, state or
foreign law, regulation or policy.
Arconic’s results of operations or liquidity in a particular period could be affected by new or increasingly stringent laws,
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regulatory requirements or interpretations, or outcomes of significant legal proceedings or investigations adverse to Arconic.
The Company may experience a change in effective tax rates or become subject to unexpected or rising costs associated with
business operations or provision of health or welfare benefits to employees due to changes in laws, regulations or policies.
The Company may be a party to litigation in a foreign jurisdiction where geopolitical risks might influence the ultimate
outcome of such litigation. The Company is also subject to a variety of legal and regulatory compliance risks associated with
its business and products. These risks include, among other things, potential claims relating to product liability, product
testing, health and safety, environmental matters, required record keeping and record retention, intellectual property rights,
government contracts and taxes, as well as compliance with U.S. and foreign laws and regulations governing import and
export, anti-bribery, antitrust and competition, sales and trading practices, human rights and modern slavery, sourcing of raw
materials, third-party relationships, supply chain operations and the manufacture and sale of products. Arconic could be
subject to fines, penalties, damages (in certain cases, treble damages), or suspension or debarment from government
contracts.
For example, in the event that an Arconic product fails to perform as expected, regardless of fault, or is used in an
unexpected manner, and such failure or use results in, or is alleged to result in, bodily injury and/or property damage or other
losses, Arconic may be subject to product liability lawsuits and other claims or may be required or requested by its customers
to participate in a recall or other corrective action involving such product. In addition, if an Arconic product is perceived to
be defective or unsafe, sales of the Company’s products could be diminished, and the Company could be subject to further
liability claims. Even if Arconic successfully defends against these types of claims, the Company could still be required to
spend a substantial amount of money in connection with legal proceedings or investigations with respect to such claims; the
Company’s management could be required to devote significant time, attention and operational resources responding to and
defending against these claims; and Arconic’s reputation could suffer, any of which could have a material adverse effect on
its financial condition and results of operations.
While Arconic believes it has adopted appropriate risk management and compliance programs to address and reduce these
risks, including insurance arrangements with respect to these risks, such measures may provide inadequate protection against
liabilities that may arise. The global and diverse nature of Arconic’s operations means that these risks will continue to exist,
and additional legal proceedings and contingencies may arise from time to time. In addition, various factors or developments
can lead the Company to change current estimates of liabilities or make such estimates for matters previously unsusceptible
to reasonable estimates, such as a significant judicial ruling or judgment, a significant settlement, significant regulatory
developments or changes in applicable law. A future adverse ruling or settlement or unfavorable changes in laws, regulations
or policies, or other contingencies that the Company cannot predict with certainty could have a material adverse effect on the
Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows in a particular period. For additional information
regarding the legal proceedings involving the Company, see the discussion in Part I, Item 3. (Legal Proceedings) of this
report and in Note U to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary
Data).
Arconic is subject to a broad range of health, safety and environmental laws and regulations in the jurisdictions
in which it operates and may be exposed to substantial costs and liabilities associated with such laws and
regulations.
Arconic’s operations worldwide are subject to numerous complex and increasingly stringent health, safety and environmental
laws and regulations. The costs of complying with such laws and regulations, including participation in assessments and
cleanups of sites, as well as internal voluntary programs, are significant and will continue to be so for the foreseeable future.
Environmental laws may impose cleanup liability on owners and occupiers of contaminated property, including past or
divested properties, regardless of whether the owners and occupiers caused the contamination or whether the activity that
caused the contamination was lawful at the time it was conducted. Environmental matters for which Arconic may be liable
may arise in the future at its present sites, where no problem is currently known, at previously owned sites, sites previously
operated by the Company, sites owned by its predecessors or sites that it may acquire in the future. Compliance with health,
safety and environmental laws and regulations, including remediation obligations, may prove to be more challenging and
costly than the Company anticipates. For example, new data and information, including information about the ways in which
the Company’s products are used, may lead the Company, regulatory authorities, government agencies or other entities or
organizations to publish guidelines or recommendations, or impose restrictions, related to the manufacturing or use of the
Company’s products. This could lead to reduced sales or market acceptance of the Company’s products. Arconic’s results of
operations or liquidity in a particular period could be affected by certain health, safety or environmental matters, including
remediation costs and damages related to certain sites as well as other health and safety risks relating to its operations and
products. Additionally, evolving regulatory standards and expectations can result in increased litigation and/or increased
costs, all of which can have a material and adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and cash
flows.
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Arconic is subject to privacy and data security/protection laws in the jurisdictions in which it operates and may be
exposed to substantial costs and liabilities associated with such laws and regulations.
The regulatory environment surrounding information security and privacy is increasingly demanding, with frequent
imposition of new and changing requirements. For example, the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation
(“GDPR”), which became effective in May 2018, imposed significant new requirements on how companies process and
transfer personal data, as well as significant fines for non-compliance. Compliance with changes in privacy and information
security laws and standards may result in significant expense due to increased investment in technology and the
development of new operational processes, which could have a material adverse effect on Arconic’s financial condition and
results of operations. In addition, the payment of potentially significant fines or penalties in the event of a breach of the
GDRP or other privacy and information security laws, as well as the negative publicity associated with such a breach, could
damage the Company’s reputation and adversely impact product demand and customer relationships.
Arconic may be subject to securities litigation, which could cause the Company to incur substantial costs and divert
management’s attention and resources.
Arconic currently is, and may in the future become, subject to claims and litigation alleging violations of the securities laws.
Arconic is generally obliged, to the extent permitted by law, to indemnify its current and former directors and officers who are
named as defendants in these types of lawsuits. Regardless of the outcome, securities litigation may require substantial
attention from management and could result in significant legal expenses, settlement costs or damage awards that could have a
material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Failure to comply with domestic or international employment and related laws could result in penalties or costs that
could have a material adverse effect on Arconic’s business results.
Arconic is subject to a variety of domestic and foreign employment laws, such as the Fair Labor Standards Act (which governs
such matters as minimum wages, overtime and other working conditions), state and local wage laws, the Employee Retirement
Income Security Act (“ERISA”), and regulations related to safety, discrimination, organizing, whistle-blowing, classification of
employees, privacy and severance payments, citizenship requirements, and healthcare insurance mandates. Allegations that
Arconic has violated such laws or regulations could damage the Company’s reputation and lead to fines from or settlements
with federal, state or foreign regulatory authorities or damages payable to employees, which could have a material adverse
impact on Arconic’s operations and financial condition.
Arconic may be affected by global climate change or by legal, regulatory, or market responses to such change.
Increased concern over climate change has led to new and proposed legislative and regulatory initiatives, such as cap-and-
trade systems, additional limits on emissions of greenhouse gases or Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards in
the United States. New or revised laws and regulations in this area could directly and indirectly affect Arconic’s customers
and suppliers (through an increase in the cost of production or their ability to produce satisfactory products) or business
(through an impact on Arconic’s inventory availability, cost of sales, operations or demand for Arconic products), which
could result in an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Compliance with any new or
more stringent laws or regulations, or stricter interpretations of existing laws, could require additional expenditures by the
Company or its customers or suppliers. Also, Arconic relies on natural gas, electricity, fuel oil and transport fuel to operate its
facilities. Any increased costs of these energy sources because of new laws could be passed along to the Company and its
customers and suppliers, which could also have a negative impact on Arconic’s profitability.
Anti-takeover provisions could prevent or delay a change in control of Arconic, including a takeover attempt by a
third party and limit the power of Arconic’s shareholders.
Arconic’s Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws contain, and Delaware law contains, provisions that are intended to deter
coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids by making such practices or bids unacceptably expensive to the
bidder and to encourage prospective acquirers to negotiate with Arconic’s Board of Directors rather than to attempt a hostile
takeover. For example, Arconic is subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which imposes certain
restrictions on mergers and other business combinations between the Company and any holder of 15% or more of the
Company’s outstanding common stock, which could make it more difficult for another party to acquire Arconic. Additionally,
the Company’s Certificate of Incorporation authorizes Arconic’s Board of Directors to issue preferred stock or adopt other
anti-takeover measures without shareholder approval. These provisions may apply even if an offer may be considered
beneficial by some shareholders and could delay or prevent an acquisition that Arconic’s Board of Directors determines is not
in the best interests of Arconic’s shareholders. These provisions may also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay
in the future for shares of Arconic common stock or prevent or discourage attempts to remove and replace incumbent directors.
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Dividends on Arconic common stock could be reduced or eliminated in the event of material future
deterioration in business conditions or in other circumstances.
Arconic has historically paid dividends on its common stock; however, it has no obligation to do so. The existence, timing,
declaration, amount and payment of future dividends to Arconic’s shareholders falls within the discretion of Arconic’s Board
of Directors, and the Company’s dividend policy may change at any time without advance notice to Arconic’s shareholders.
For example, on February 8, 2019, in connection with the Company’s ongoing strategic and portfolio review, Arconic
announced that it expected to reduce its quarterly common stock dividend from $0.06 to $0.02 per share. The Arconic Board of
Directors’ decisions regarding the payment of dividends will depend on many factors, such as Arconic’s financial condition,
earnings, capital requirements, debt service obligations, covenants associated with certain of the Company’s debt service
obligations, industry practice, legal requirements, regulatory constraints and other factors that Arconic’s Board of Directors
deems relevant. Arconic’s Board of Directors may determine to further reduce or eliminate Arconic’s common stock dividend
in the event of material future deteriorations in business conditions or in other circumstances.
Changes in the United Kingdom’s economic and other relationships with the European Union could adversely affect
Arconic.
In March 2017, the United Kingdom formally triggered the process to withdraw from the European Union (also referred to as
"Brexit") following the results of a national referendum that took place in June 2016. The ultimate effects of Brexit on
Arconic are difficult to predict, but because the Company currently operates and conducts business in the United Kingdom
and in Europe, Brexit could cause disruptions and create uncertainty to Arconic’s businesses, including affecting the business
of and/or our relationships with Arconic’s customers and suppliers, as well as altering the relationship among tariffs and
currencies, including the value of the British pound and the Euro relative to the U.S. dollar. Such disruptions and uncertainties
could adversely affect Arconic’s financial condition, operating results and cash flows. In addition, Brexit could result in legal
uncertainty and potentially divergent national laws and regulations as new legal relationships between the United Kingdom
and the European Union are established. The ultimate effects of Brexit on Arconic will also depend on the terms of any
agreements the United Kingdom and the European Union make to retain access to each other’s respective markets either
during a transitional period or more permanently.
Arconic may not achieve some or all of the expected benefits of the Separation from Alcoa Corporation, and
failure to realize such benefits in a timely manner may materially adversely affect Arconic’s business.
Arconic may be unable to achieve the full strategic and financial benefits expected to result from the Separation, or such
benefits may be delayed or not occur at all. The Separation is expected to provide the following benefits, among others: (i)
enabling the management of each company to pursue more effectively its own distinct operating priorities and strategies, to
focus on strengthening its core business and its unique needs, and to pursue distinct and targeted opportunities for long-term
growth and profitability; (ii) permitting each company to allocate its financial resources to meet the unique needs of its own
business, allowing each company to intensify its focus on its distinct strategic priorities and to pursue more effectively its
own distinct capital structures and capital allocation strategies; (iii) allowing each company to articulate more effectively a
clear investment thesis to attract a long-term investor base suited to its business and providing investors with two distinct and
targeted investment opportunities; (iv) creating an independent equity currency tracking each company's underlying
business, affording Arconic and Alcoa Corporation direct access to the capital markets and facilitating each company’s
ability to consummate future acquisitions or other restructuring transactions utilizing its common stock; (v) allowing each
company more consistent application of incentive structures and targets, due to the common nature of the underlying
businesses; and (vi) separating and simplifying the structures required to manage two distinct and differing underlying
businesses.
Arconic may not achieve these and other anticipated benefits for a variety of reasons, including, among others: (i) Arconic
may be more susceptible to market fluctuations and other adverse events than if Alcoa Corporation were still a part of the
Company because Arconic’s business is less diversified than it was prior to the completion of the Separation; and (ii) as a
smaller, independent company, Arconic may be unable to obtain certain goods, services and technologies at prices or on
terms as favorable as those it obtained prior to completion of the Separation. If Arconic fails to achieve some or all of the
benefits expected to result from the Separation, or if such benefits are delayed, it could have a material adverse effect on
Arconic’s competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Alcoa Corporation may fail to perform under various transaction agreements that were executed as part of the
Separation.
In connection with the Separation, Arconic and Alcoa Corporation entered into a Separation and Distribution Agreement and
also entered into various other agreements, of which the following were still in effect during 2018: a Tax Matters Agreement,
an Employee Matters Agreement, intellectual property license agreements, a metal supply agreement, real estate and office
leases and a spare parts loan agreement. The Separation and Distribution Agreement, the Tax Matters Agreement and the
Employee Matters Agreement, together with the documents and agreements by which the internal reorganization of the
26
Company prior to the Separation was effected, determined the allocation of assets and liabilities between the companies
following the Separation for those respective areas and included any necessary indemnifications related to liabilities and
obligations. Arconic will rely on Alcoa Corporation to satisfy its performance and payment obligations under these
agreements. If Alcoa Corporation is unable or unwilling to satisfy its obligations under these agreements, including its
indemnification obligations, we could incur operational difficulties and/or losses.
In connection with the Separation from Alcoa Corporation, Alcoa Corporation has agreed to indemnify Arconic for
certain liabilities and Arconic has agreed to indemnify Alcoa Corporation for certain liabilities. If Arconic is required
to pay under these indemnities to Alcoa Corporation, Arconic’s financial results could be negatively impacted. The
Alcoa Corporation indemnity may be insufficient to hold Arconic harmless from the full amount of liabilities for
which Alcoa Corporation will be allocated responsibility, and Alcoa Corporation may be unable to satisfy its
indemnification obligations in the future.
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement and certain other agreements with Alcoa Corporation, Alcoa
Corporation has agreed to indemnify Arconic for certain liabilities, and Arconic has agreed to indemnify Alcoa Corporation
for certain liabilities, in each case for uncapped amounts. Indemnities that Arconic may be required to provide Alcoa
Corporation are not subject to any cap, may be significant and could negatively impact Arconic’s business. Third parties
could also seek to hold Arconic responsible for any of the liabilities that Alcoa Corporation has agreed to retain. Any amounts
Arconic is required to pay pursuant to these indemnification obligations and other liabilities could require Arconic to divert
cash that would otherwise have been used in furtherance of the Company’s operating business. Further, the indemnity from
Alcoa Corporation may be insufficient to protect Arconic against the full amount of such liabilities, and Alcoa Corporation
may be unable to satisfy its indemnification obligations fully. Moreover, even if Arconic ultimately succeeds in recovering
from Alcoa Corporation any amounts for which Arconic is held liable, Arconic may be temporarily required to bear such
losses. Each of these risks could negatively affect Arconic’s business, results of operations and financial condition.
The Separation could result in substantial tax liability.
It was a condition to the Distribution that (i) the private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) regarding
certain U.S. federal income tax matters relating to the Separation and the Distribution received by Arconic remain valid and
be satisfactory to Arconic’s Board of Directors and (ii) Arconic receive an opinion of its outside counsel, satisfactory to the
Board of Directors, regarding the qualification of the Distribution, together with certain related transactions, as a transaction
that is generally tax-free, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, under Sections 355 and 368(a)(1)(D) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Both of these conditions were satisfied prior to the Distribution. However, the IRS
private letter ruling and the opinion of counsel were based upon and relied on, among other things, various facts and
assumptions, as well as certain representations, statements and undertakings of Arconic and Alcoa Corporation, including
those relating to the past and future conduct of Arconic and Alcoa Corporation. If any of these representations, statements or
undertakings is, or becomes, inaccurate or incomplete, or if Arconic or Alcoa Corporation breaches any of its representations
or covenants contained in any of the Separation- related agreements and documents or in any documents relating to the IRS
private letter ruling and/or the opinion of counsel, the IRS private letter ruling and/or the opinion of counsel may be invalid
and the conclusions reached therein could be jeopardized.
Notwithstanding Arconic’s receipt of the IRS private letter ruling and the opinion of counsel, the IRS could determine that the
Distribution and/or certain related transactions should be treated as taxable transactions for U.S. federal income tax purposes
if it determines that any of the representations, assumptions or undertakings upon which the IRS private letter ruling or the
opinion of counsel was based are false or have been violated. In addition, the IRS private letter ruling does not address all of
the issues that are relevant to determining whether the Distribution, together with certain related transactions, qualifies as a
transaction that is generally tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the opinion of counsel represents the judgment
of such counsel and is not binding on the IRS or any court and the IRS or a court may disagree with the conclusions in the
opinion of counsel. Accordingly, notwithstanding receipt by Arconic of the IRS private letter ruling and the opinion of
counsel, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not assert that the Distribution and/or certain related transactions do not
qualify for tax-free treatment for U.S. federal income tax purposes or that a court would not sustain such a challenge. In the
event the IRS were to prevail with such challenge, Arconic, Alcoa Corporation and Arconic shareholders could be subject to
significant U.S. federal income tax liability.
If the Distribution, together with certain related transactions, fails to qualify as a transaction that is generally tax-free, for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, under Sections 355 and 368(a)(1)(D) of the Code, in general, for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, Arconic would recognize taxable gain as if it had sold the Alcoa Corporation common stock in a taxable sale for its
fair market value and Arconic shareholders who received Alcoa Corporation shares in the distribution would be subject to tax
as if they had received a taxable distribution equal to the fair market value of such shares.
Under current U.S. federal income tax law, even if the Distribution, together with certain related transactions, otherwise
qualifies for tax-free treatment under Sections 355 and 368(a)(1)(D) of the Code, the Distribution may nevertheless be
27
rendered taxable to Arconic and its shareholders as a result of certain post-Distribution transactions, including certain
acquisitions of shares or assets of Arconic or Alcoa Corporation. The possibility of rendering the Distribution taxable as a
result of such transactions may limit Arconic’s ability to pursue certain equity issuances, strategic transactions or other
transactions that would otherwise maximize the value of Arconic’s business. Under the Tax Matters Agreement that Arconic
entered into with Alcoa Corporation, Alcoa Corporation may be required to indemnify Arconic against any additional taxes
and related amounts resulting from (i) an acquisition of all or a portion of the equity securities or assets of Alcoa Corporation,
whether by merger or otherwise (and regardless of whether Alcoa Corporation participated in or otherwise facilitated the
acquisition), (ii) issuing equity securities beyond certain thresholds, (iii) repurchasing shares of Alcoa Corporation stock other
than in certain open-market transactions, (iv) ceasing actively to conduct certain of its businesses, (v) other actions or failures
to act by Alcoa Corporation or (vi) any of Alcoa Corporation’s representations, covenants or undertakings contained in any of
the Separation-related agreements and documents or in any documents relating to the IRS private letter ruling and/or the
opinion of counsel being incorrect or violated. However, the indemnity from Alcoa Corporation may be insufficient to protect
Arconic against the full amount of such additional taxes or related liabilities, and Alcoa Corporation may be unable to satisfy
its indemnification obligations fully. Moreover, even if Arconic ultimately succeeds in recovering from Alcoa Corporation
any amounts for which Arconic is held liable, Arconic may be temporarily required to bear such losses. In addition, Arconic
and Arconic’s subsidiaries may incur certain tax costs in connection with the Separation, including tax costs resulting from
separations in non-U.S. jurisdictions, which may be material. Each of these risks could negatively affect Arconic’s business,
results of operations and financial condition.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
28
Item 2. Properties.
Arconic’s principal office is located at 390 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022-4608. Arconic’s corporate center is
located at 201 Isabella Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212-5858. The Arconic Technology Center for research and
development is located at 100 Technical Drive, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15069-0001.
Arconic leases some of its facilities; however, it is the opinion of management that the leases do not materially affect the
continued use of the properties or the properties’ values.
Arconic believes that its facilities are suitable and adequate for its operations. Although no title examination of properties
owned by Arconic has been made for the purpose of this report, the Company knows of no material defects in title to any such
properties. See Notes A and N to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
Arconic has active plants and holdings under the following segments and in the following geographic areas:
ENGINEERED PRODUCTS AND SOLUTIONS
See the table and related text in the Engineered Products and Solutions Facilities section on page 6 of this report.
GLOBAL ROLLED PRODUCTS
See the table and related text in the Global Rolled Products Facilities section on page 8 of this report.
TRANSPORTATION AND CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
See the table and related text in the Transportation and Construction Solutions section on page 9 of this report.
29
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
In the ordinary course of its business, Arconic is involved in a number of lawsuits and claims, both actual and potential.
Environmental Matters
Arconic is involved in proceedings under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, also
known as Superfund (CERCLA) or analogous state provisions regarding the usage, disposal, storage or treatment of hazardous
substances at a number of sites in the U.S. The Company has committed to participate, or is engaged in negotiations with
federal or state authorities relative to its alleged liability for participation, in clean-up efforts at several such sites. The most
significant of these matters, the remediation of the Grasse River in Massena, NY, is discussed in the Environmental Matters
section of Note U to the Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption “Environmental Matters”.
Reynobond PE
As previously reported, on June 13, 2017, the Grenfell Tower in London, UK caught fire resulting in fatalities, injuries and
damage. A French subsidiary of Arconic, Arconic Architectural Products SAS (AAP SAS), supplied a product, Reynobond PE,
to its customer, a cladding system fabricator, which used the product as one component of the overall cladding system on
Grenfell Tower. The fabricator supplied its portion of the cladding system to the façade installer, who then completed and
installed the system under the direction of the general contractor. Neither Arconic nor AAP SAS was involved in the design or
installation of the system used at the Grenfell Tower, nor did it have a role in any other aspect of the building’s refurbishment or
original design. Regulatory investigations into the overall Grenfell Tower matter are being conducted, including a criminal
investigation by the London Metro Police, a Public Inquiry by the British government and a consumer protection inquiry by a
French public authority. AAP SAS has sought and received core participant status in the Public Inquiry. The Company will no
longer sell the PE product for architectural use on buildings.
Howard v. Arconic Inc. et al. As previously reported, a purported class action complaint related to the Grenfell Tower fire was
filed on August 11, 2017 in the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania against Arconic Inc. and
Klaus Kleinfeld. A related purported class action complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Western District
of Pennsylvania on August 25, 2017, under the caption Sullivan v. Arconic Inc. et al., against Arconic Inc., two former Arconic
executives, several current and former Arconic directors, and banks that acted as underwriters for Arconic’s September 18,
2014 preferred stock offering (the “Preferred Offering”). The plaintiff in Sullivan had previously filed a purported class action
against the same defendants on July 18, 2017 in the Southern District of New York and, on August 25, 2017, voluntarily
dismissed that action without prejudice. On February 7, 2018, on motion from certain putative class members, the court
consolidated Howard and Sullivan, closed Sullivan, and appointed lead plaintiffs in the consolidated case. On April 9, 2018, the
lead plaintiffs in the consolidated purported class action filed a consolidated amended complaint. The consolidated amended
complaint alleges that the registration statement for the Preferred Offering contained false and misleading statements and
omitted to state material information, including by allegedly failing to disclose material uncertainties and trends resulting from
sales of Reynobond PE for unsafe uses and by allegedly expressing a belief that appropriate risk management and compliance
programs had been adopted while concealing the risks posed by Reynobond PE sales. The consolidated amended complaint
also alleges that between November 4, 2013 and June 23, 2017 Arconic and Kleinfeld made false and misleading statements
and failed to disclose material information about the Company’s commitment to safety, business and financial prospects, and
the risks of the Reynobond PE product, including in Arconic’s Form 10-Ks for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2013, 2014,
2015 and 2016, its Form 10-Qs and quarterly financial press releases from the fourth quarter of 2013 through the first quarter of
2017, its 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 Annual Reports, and its 2016 Annual Highlights Report. The consolidated amended
complaint seeks, among other things, unspecified compensatory damages and an award of attorney and expert fees and
expenses. On June 8, 2018, all defendants moved to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint for failure to state a claim.
Briefing on that motion is now closed and the parties await a ruling.
Raul v. Albaugh, et al. As previously reported, on June 22, 2018, a derivative complaint was filed nominally on behalf of
Arconic by a purported Arconic shareholder against all current members of Arconic’s Board of Directors, Klaus Kleinfeld and
Ken Giacobbe, naming Arconic as a nominal defendant, in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. The
complaint raises similar allegations as the consolidated amended complaint in Howard, as well as allegations that the
defendants improperly authorized the sale of Reynobond PE for unsafe uses, and asserts claims under Section 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Delaware state law. On July 13, 2018, the parties filed a stipulation agreeing to stay this
case until the final resolution of the Howard case, the Grenfell Tower public inquiry in London, and the investigation by the
London Metropolitan Police Service and on June 23, 2018, the Court approved the stay.
While the Company believes that these cases are without merit and intends to challenge them vigorously, there can be no
assurances regarding the ultimate resolution of these matters. Given the preliminary nature of these matters and the uncertainty
of litigation, the Company cannot reasonably estimate at this time the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or the possible loss
or range of losses in the event of an unfavorable outcome. The Board of Directors has also received letters, purportedly sent on
behalf of shareholders, reciting allegations similar to those made in the federal court lawsuits and demanding that the Board
30
authorize the Company to initiate litigation against members of management, the Board and others. The Board of Directors has
appointed a Special Litigation Committee of the Board to review and make recommendations to the Board regarding the
appropriate course of action with respect to these shareholder demand letters. The Special Litigation Committee and the Board
are continuing to consider the appropriate responses to the shareholder demand letters in view of developments in proceedings
concerning the Grenfell Tower fire.
Other Matters
As previously reported, Arconic Inc. and its subsidiaries and former subsidiaries are defendants in lawsuits filed on behalf of
persons alleging injury as a result of occupational or other exposure to asbestos. Arconic, its subsidiaries and former
subsidiaries have numerous insurance policies over many years that provide coverage for asbestos related claims. Arconic has
significant insurance coverage and believes that Arconic’s reserves are adequate for its known asbestos exposure related
liabilities. The costs of defense and settlement have not been and are not expected to be material to the results of operations,
cash flows, and financial position of the Company.
Tax
Pursuant to the Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, entered into between the Company and Alcoa
Corporation in connection with the Separation, the Company shares responsibility with Alcoa Corporation for, and Alcoa
Corporation has agreed to partially indemnify the Company with respect to, the following matter.
As previously reported, in July 2013, following a Spanish corporate income tax audit covering the 2006 through 2009 tax
years, an assessment was received mainly disallowing certain interest deductions claimed by a Spanish consolidated tax group
owned by the Company. In August 2013, the Company filed an appeal of this assessment in Spain’s Central Tax Administrative
Court, which was denied in January 2015. Arconic filed another appeal in Spain’s National Court in March 2015 which was
denied in July 2018. The National Court’s decision requires the assessment for the 2006 through 2009 tax years to be reissued
to take into account the outcome of the 2003 to 2005 audit which was closed in 2017. The Company estimates the revised
assessment to be $174 million (€152 million), including interest.
The Company has petitioned to the Supreme Court of Spain to review the National Court’s decision. If the petition is accepted,
the Supreme Court will review the assessment on its merits and render a final decision. In the event the Company is
unsuccessful in appealing the assessment to the Supreme Court of Spain, a portion of the assessment may be offset with
existing net operating losses and tax credits available to the Spanish consolidated tax group, which would be shared between
the Company and Alcoa Corporation as provided for in the Tax Matters Agreement. As a result of the National Court decision,
an income tax reserve, including interest, of $60 million (€52 million) was established in 2018. Concurrent with the
establishment of the reserve, an indemnification receivable of $29 million (€25 million), representing Alcoa Corporation’s 49%
share of the liability, was also recorded in 2018.
Additionally, while the tax years 2010 through 2013 are closed to audit, it is possible that the Company may receive
assessments for tax years subsequent to 2013. Any potential assessment for an individual tax year is not expected to be material
to the Company’s consolidated operations. At this time, the Company is unable to reasonably predict an ultimate outcome for
this matter.
Matters Previously Reported – Alcoa Corporation
We have included the matters discussed below in which the Company remains party to proceedings relating to Alcoa
Corporation in accordance with SEC regulations. The Separation and Distribution Agreement, dated October 31, 2016, entered
into between the Company and Alcoa Corporation in connection with the Separation, provides for cross-indemnities between
the Company and Alcoa Corporation for claims subject to indemnification. The Company does not expect any of such matters
to result in a net claim against it.
St. Croix Proceedings
Red Dust Docket Cases, (St. Croix) f/k/a Abednego, Laurie L.A., et al. v. St. Croix Alumina, L.L.C., et al. As previously
reported, on January 14, 2010, Arconic was served with a multi-plaintiff action complaint involving several thousand individual
persons claiming to be residents of St. Croix who are alleged to have suffered personal injury or property damage from
Hurricane Georges or winds blowing material from the St. Croix Alumina, L.L.C. (“SCA”) facility on the island of St. Croix
(U.S. Virgin Islands) since the time of the hurricane. This complaint, Abednego, et al. v. Alcoa, et al. was filed in the Superior
Court of the Virgin Islands, St. Croix Division. Following an unsuccessful attempt by Arconic and SCA to remove the case to
federal court, the case has been lodged in the Superior Court. The complaint names as defendants the same entities that were
sued in a February 1999 action arising out of the impact of Hurricane Georges on the island and added as a defendant the
current owner of the alumina facility property.
Also as previously reported, on March 1, 2012, Arconic was served with a separate multi-plaintiff action complaint involving
31
approximately 200 individual persons alleging claims essentially identical to those set forth in the Abednego v. Alcoa
complaint. This complaint, Abraham, et al. v. Alcoa, et al., was filed on behalf of plaintiffs previously dismissed in the federal
court proceeding involving the original litigation over Hurricane Georges impacts. The matter was originally filed in the
Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, St. Croix Division, on March 30, 2011.
Arconic and other defendants in the Abraham and Abednego cases filed or renewed motions to dismiss each case in March
2012 and August 2012 following service of the Abraham complaint on Arconic and remand of the Abednego complaint to
Superior Court, respectively. By order dated August 10, 2015, the Superior Court dismissed plaintiffs’ complaints without
prejudice to re-file the complaints individually, rather than as a multi-plaintiff filing. The order also preserves the defendants’
grounds for dismissal if new, individual complaints are filed. On July 7, 2017, the Court issued an order and associated
memoranda on plaintiff’s multiple motions for extension of time to file the individual Complaints. Following the court’s July 7,
2017 order, a total of 429 complaints were filed and accepted by the court by the deadline of July 30, 2017 (and consolidated
into the Red Dust Claims docket (Master Case No.: SX-15-CV-620)). These complaints include claims of about 1,260
individual plaintiffs. On December 11, 2017, the court issued a new scheduling order and further set a scheduling conference
for January 18, 2018. At that conference, the court set the next status conference for late July 2018.
The July 2018 status conference was canceled. On November 5, 2018, notice of an order of reassignment was entered,
transferring the claims to the newly created Complex Litigation Division of the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division
of St. Croix. Following the transfer, the Court scheduled a status conference to discuss the most efficient manner in which to
proceed with discovery. The conference took place on January 24, 2019. The Court has not issued a discovery schedule. On
January 28, 2019, the plaintiffs filed a motion asking for a determination that expert testimony will not be required on the issue
of causation, which defendants opposed. The Court has not ruled on that motion.
Other Contingencies
In addition to the matters discussed above, various other lawsuits, claims, and proceedings have been or may be instituted or
asserted against Arconic, including those pertaining to environmental, product liability, safety and health, employment, tax and
antitrust matters. While the amounts claimed in these other matters may be substantial, the ultimate liability cannot currently be
determined because of the considerable uncertainties that exist. Therefore, it is possible that the Company’s liquidity or results
of operations in a period could be materially affected by one or more of these other matters. However, based on facts currently
available, management believes that the disposition of these other matters that are pending or asserted will not have a material
adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of the Company.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities.
The Company’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Prior to the Separation of Alcoa Corporation from
the Company, the Company’s common stock traded under the symbol “AA.” In connection with the separation, on
November 1, 2016, the Company changed its stock symbol and its common stock began trading under the symbol “ARNC.”
On October 5, 2016, the Company’s common shareholders approved a 1-for-3 reverse stock split of the Company’s outstanding
and authorized shares of common stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”). As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every three shares
of issued and outstanding common stock were combined into one issued and outstanding share of common stock, without any
change in the par value per share. The Reverse Stock Split reduced the number of shares of common stock outstanding from
approximately 1.3 billion shares to approximately 0.4 billion shares, and proportionately decreased the number of authorized
shares of common stock from 1.8 billion to 0.6 billion shares. The Company’s common stock began trading on a Reverse Stock
Split-adjusted basis on October 6, 2016.
On November 1, 2016, the Company completed the Separation of its business into two independent, publicly traded companies:
the Company and Alcoa Corporation. The Separation was effected by means of a pro rata distribution by the Company of
80.1% of the outstanding shares of Alcoa Corporation common stock to the Company’s shareholders. The Company’s
shareholders of record as of the close of business on October 20, 2016 (the “Record Date”) received one share of Alcoa
Corporation common stock for every three shares of the Company’s common stock held as of the Record Date. The Company
retained 19.9% of the outstanding common stock of Alcoa Corporation immediately following the Separation. See disposition
of retained shares in Note V to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
The number of holders of record of common stock was approximately 11,668 as of February 15, 2019.
32
Stock Performance Graph
The following graph compares the most recent five-year performance of the Company’s common stock with (1) the Standard &
Poor’s (S&P) 500® Index, (2) the S&P 500® Materials Index, a group of 25 companies categorized by Standard & Poor’s as
active in the “materials” market sector, (3) the S&P Aerospace & Defense Select Industry Index, a group of 33 companies
categorized by Standard & Poor’s as active in the “aerospace & defense” industry and (4) the S&P 500® Industrials Index, a
group of 69 companies categorized by Standard & Poor’s as active in the “industrials” market sector. The graph assumes, in
each case, an initial investment of $100 on December 31, 2013, and the reinvestment of dividends. Historical prices prior to the
separation of Alcoa Corporation from the Company on November 1, 2016, have been adjusted to reflect the value of the
Separation transaction. The graph, table and related information shall not be deemed to be “filed” with the SEC, nor shall such
information be incorporated by reference into future filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or Securities Exchange Act of
1934, each as amended, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates it by reference into such filing.
Please note that the Company intends to replace the S&P 500® Materials Index with the S&P Aerospace & Defense Select
Industry Index and the S&P 500® Industrials Index in subsequent stock performance graphs. We believe that the companies
and industries represented in the S&P Aerospace & Defense Select Industry Index and the S&P 500® Industrials Index better
reflect the markets in which the Company currently participates. All three indices are represented in the graph below.
Cumulative Total Return
Based upon an initial investment of $100 at December 31, 2013 with dividends
reinvested
e
u
l
a
V
x
e
d
n
I
250
200
150
100
50
0
12/13
12/14
12/15
12/16
12/17
12/18
Period Ending
Arconic Inc.
S&P 500
S&P Materials
S&P Aerospace & Defense
S&P Industrials
Copyright© 2019 Standard & Poor's, a division of S&P Global. All rights reserved.
As of December 31,
Arconic Inc.
S&P 500® Index
S&P 500® Materials Index
S&P Aerospace & Defense Select Industry
Index
S&P 500® Industrials Index
$
2013
100
100
100
100
100
2014
149.83
$
2015
2016
$
94.62
$
80.22
$
113.69
106.91
111.43
109.83
115.26
97.95
117.49
107.04
129.05
114.30
139.70
127.23
2017
119.02
157.22
141.55
197.50
153.99
2018
$
74.47
150.33
120.74
181.56
133.53
33
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The separation of Alcoa Inc. into two standalone, publicly-traded companies, Arconic Inc. (the new name for Alcoa Inc.) and
Alcoa Corporation, became effective on November 1, 2016 (the “Separation Transaction”). The financial results of Alcoa
Corporation for all periods prior to the Separation Transaction have been retrospectively reflected in the Statement of
Consolidated Operations as discontinued operations and, as such, have been excluded from continuing operations and segment
results for 2016 and all prior periods presented prior to the Separation Transaction. The cash flows related to Alcoa Corporation
have not been segregated and are included in the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows for 2016 and all prior periods
presented.
(dollars in millions, except per-share amounts)
For the year ended December 31,
Sales
Amounts attributable to Arconic:
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
$
14,014
12,960
$
12,394
$
12,413
$
12,542
$
$
Income (loss) from continuing operations(1) $
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
(2)
642
—
(74) $
(1,062) $
(157) $
—
121
(165)
$
$
$
$
$
$
Net income (loss)
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to
Arconic common shareholders:(3)
Basic:
Income (loss) from continuing operations
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
Net income (loss)
Diluted:
Income (loss) from continuing operations
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
Net income (loss)
Cash dividends declared per common share
(1)
Total assets
Total debt
Cash provided from (used for) operations(4)
Capital expenditures:
Capital expenditures—continuing
operations
Capital expenditures—discontinued
operations
642
$
(74) $
(941) $
(322) $
1.33
—
1.33
1.30
—
1.30
0.24
$
$
$
$
$
18,693
6,330
217
768
—
(0.28) $
—
(0.28) $
(0.28) $
—
(0.28) $
(2.58) $
0.27
(2.31) $
(2.58) $
0.27
(2.31) $
(0.54) $
(0.39)
(0.93) $
(0.54) $
(0.39)
(0.93) $
0.24
$
0.36
$
0.36
$
18,718
6,844
(39)
596
—
20,038
8,084
95
827
298
36,477
8,827
764
789
391
(61)
329
268
(0.21)
0.85
0.64
(0.21)
0.84
0.63
0.36
37,298
8,445
1,674
775
444
Total capital expenditures
$
768
$
596
$
1,125
$
1,180
$
1,219
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Calculated from the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations as Income (loss) from continuing operations
after income taxes less Net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests.
Calculated from the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations as Income from discontinued operations
after income taxes less Net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests.
Per share data has been retroactively restated to reflect the 1-for-3 reverse stock split which became effective on
October 6, 2016 (see Note I to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K).
Cash provided from (used for) operations has not been restated for discontinued operations presentation for 2016 and
all prior periods presented (see Basis of Presentation section of Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements in
Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K). Cash provided from (used for)
operations in 2014 has not been recast for the impact of the new accounting pronouncements that were adopted in the
first quarter of 2018 (see Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance section of Note A to the Consolidated Financial
Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K).
The data presented in the Selected Financial Data table should be read in conjunction with the information provided in
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Part II, Item 7. and the
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form
10-K.
34
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
(dollars in millions, except per-share amounts; shipments in thousands of metric tons [kmt])
Overview
Our Business
Arconic (“Arconic” or the “Company”) is a global leader in lightweight metals engineering and manufacturing. Arconic’s
innovative, multi-material products, which include aluminum, titanium, and nickel, are used worldwide in aerospace,
automotive, commercial transportation, building and construction, industrial applications, defense, and packaging.
Arconic is a global company operating in 18 countries. Based upon the country where the point of sale occurred, the United
States and Europe generated 65% and 24%, respectively, of Arconic’s sales in 2018. In addition, Arconic has operating
activities in Brazil, Canada, China, Japan, and Russia, among others. Governmental policies, laws and regulations, and other
economic factors, including inflation and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, affect the results of
operations in these countries.
Management Review of 2018 and Outlook for the Future
In 2018, Arconic’s revenues increased 8% over 2017 as a result of higher volumes across all segments including strong volume
growth in aerospace engines and defense, automotive, commercial transportation, industrial, and building and construction end
markets; higher aluminum pricing and favorable product mix primarily impacting the Global Rolled Products segment; and
favorable foreign currency movements; partially offset by a decline in volumes in the industrial gas turbine end market; lower
sales of $90 from the divestiture of the Latin America extrusions business (divested in April 2018), $54 from the divestiture of
the rolling mill in Fusina, Italy (divested in March 2017), and $46 from the ramp down of Arconic's North American packaging
operations (completed in December 2018); and costs of $38 in 2018 related to settlements of certain customer claims primarily
related to product introductions. In the segments, Segment operating profit decreased 6% from 2017 as volume growth was
more than offset by performance shortfalls in the disks operations, manufacturing inefficiencies in the Engineered Structures
business, unfavorable product mix, and higher aluminum prices.
Net income was $642 in 2018 compared to a Net loss of $74 in 2017. There were several significant items that impacted the
fourth quarter of 2018. The Company recognized proceeds of approximately $300 in cash and recorded a gain of $119 ($154
pre-tax) on the sale of the Texarkana rolling mill. The Company recorded a loss of $39 ($43 pre-tax) on the sale of the Eger,
Hungary forgings business. The Company also recorded a charge of $72 ($92 pre-tax) for pension plan settlement charges
associated with significant lump sum payments made to participants. Additionally, the Company recorded several discrete tax
items, including benefits related to the reversal of a foreign deferred tax liability of $74 as well as the release of valuation
allowances and revaluation of deferred taxes.
Management continued its focus on liquidity and cash flows as well as improving its operating performance through cost
reductions, streamlined organizational structures, margin enhancement, and profitable revenue generation. Management has
continued its intensified focus on capital efficiency. This focus and the related results enabled Arconic to end 2018 with a solid
financial position.
The following financial information reflects certain key measures of Arconic’s 2018 results:
•
•
•
•
Sales of $14,014, up 8% from 2017, with growth from all segments as key end markets remained healthy, and Net
income of $642, or $1.30 per diluted share;
Total segment operating profit of $1,581, a decrease of $97, or 6%, from 20171;
Cash provided from operations of $217, cash used for financing activities of $649, and cash provided from investing
activities of $565, reflecting improvements in working capital;
Cash on hand at the end of the year of $2,277; and
Total debt of $6,330, a decrease in total debt of $514 from 2017.
•
(1) For the reconciliation of Total segment operating profit to Consolidated income before income taxes and related
information, see page 43.
On January 22, 2019, the Company announced that its Board of Directors (the Board) had determined to no longer pursue a
potential sale of Arconic as part of its strategy and portfolio review. Management and the Board have been conducting a
rigorous and comprehensive strategy and portfolio review over the past year and as part of that process had considered a sale of
the Company, among other matters. However, the Company did not receive a proposal for a full-Company transaction that
management and the Board believed would be in the best interest of Arconic’s shareholders and other stakeholders.
Management and the Board remain confident in Arconic’s significant potential and are strongly focused on enhancing value for
shareholders, through continued operational improvements and through other potential initiatives which have been previously
identified in the strategy and portfolio review. The Company has announced the following key initiatives as part of its ongoing
35
strategy and portfolio review:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Commenced plans to reduce operating costs by approximately $200 on an annual run-rate basis, designed to maximize
the impact in 2019;
Announced the planned separation of its portfolio into Engineered Products and Forgings and Global Rolled Products,
with a spin-off of one of the businesses;
Considering the potential sale of businesses that do not best fit into one of the two segments above;
Intends to execute its previously authorized $500 share repurchase program in the first half of 2019;
The Board also authorized an additional $500 of share repurchases, effective through the end of 2020; and
Expects to reduce its quarterly common stock dividend from $0.06 to $0.02 per share.
On February 6, 2019, the Company announced that the Board appointed John C. Plant, current Chairman of the Board, as
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, effective February 6, 2019, to succeed Chip Blankenship, who ceased
to serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company and resigned as a member of the Board, in each case as of that date. In
addition, the Company announced that the Board appointed Elmer L. Doty, current member of the Board, as President and
Chief Operating Officer, a newly created position, effective February 6, 2019. Mr. Doty will remain a member of the Board.
The Company also announced that Arthur D. Collins, Jr., current member of the Board, has been appointed interim Lead
Independent Director of the Company, effective February 6, 2019.
On February 19, 2019, the Company entered into an accelerated share repurchase (“ASR”) agreement with JPMorgan Chase
Bank to repurchase $700 of its common stock, pursuant to the share repurchase program previously authorized by the
Board. Under the ASR agreement, Arconic will receive initial delivery of approximately 32 million shares on February 21,
2019. The final number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the volume-weighted average price of Arconic’s common
stock during the term of the transaction, less a discount. The ASR agreement is expected to be completed during the first half of
2019.
The Company will evaluate its organizational structure in conjunction with the planned separation of its portfolio and changes
to its reportable segments are expected in the first half of 2019.
In 2019, management projects that sales will be up approximately 2% to 4% supported by increases in most of the Company’s
key end markets, as robust growth and the Company’s unique position in those markets is expected to continue. These increases
will be partly offset by the expected decline in aluminum prices in 2019 compared with 2018. Earnings per share is expected to
grow as management continues to focus on operational performance and driving further cost reductions. The Company expects
favorable impacts from volume, net cost savings, aerospace pricing, and lower aluminum pricing, which will be pressured by
the continuation of new product introductions in aerospace as well as higher transportation costs and aluminum scrap spreads.
Cash flows are expected to keep pace for the full year in 2019 compared with 2018, resulting from improved operating
performance and the focus on capital efficiency that is expected to drive lower capital expenditures. Cash flows in the first
quarter of 2019 are expected to reflect the typical use of cash based on anticipated timing of working capital increases and
interest payments.
2016 Separation Transaction. On November 1, 2016, the Company completed the separation of its business into two
standalone, publicly-traded companies, Arconic Inc. and Alcoa Corporation. Following the Separation Transaction, Arconic
comprises the Global Rolled Products (other than the rolling mill in Warrick, Indiana, and the 25.1% equity ownership stake in
the Ma’aden Rolling Company), the Engineered Products and Solutions, and the Transportation and Construction Solutions
segments. Alcoa Corporation comprises the Alumina and Primary Metals segments, the rolling mill in Warrick, Indiana, and the
25.1% equity ownership stake in the Ma’aden Rolling Company in Saudi Arabia.
The Separation Transaction was effected by the distribution of 80.1% of the outstanding shares of Alcoa Corporation common
stock to the Company’s shareholders (the “Distribution”). The Company’s shareholders of record as of the close of business on
October 20, 2016 (the “Record Date”) received one share of Alcoa Corporation common stock for every three shares of the
Company’s common stock held as of the Record Date. The Company distributed 146,159,428 shares of common stock of Alcoa
Corporation in the Distribution and retained 36,311,767 shares, or approximately 19.9% (see disposition of retained shares
under Results of Operations below), of the common stock of Alcoa Corporation immediately following the Distribution. As a
result of the Distribution, Alcoa Corporation is now an independent public company trading under the symbol “AA” on the
New York Stock Exchange, and the Company trades under the symbol “ARNC” on the New York Stock Exchange.
On October 31, 2016, Arconic entered into several agreements with Alcoa Corporation that govern the relationship of the
parties following the completion of the Separation Transaction. These agreements include the following: Separation and
Distribution Agreement, Transition Services Agreement, Tax Matters Agreement, Employee Matters Agreement, Alcoa
Corporation to Arconic Inc. Patent, Know-How, and Trade Secret License Agreement, Arconic Inc. to Alcoa Corporation
Patent, Know-How, and Trade Secret License Agreement, Alcoa Corporation to Arconic Inc. Trademark License Agreement,
Toll Processing and Services Agreement, Master Agreement for the Supply of Primary Aluminum, Massena Lease and
36
Operations Agreement, Fusina Lease and Operations Agreement, and Stockholder and Registration Rights Agreement. The Toll
Processing and Services Agreement expired by its terms at the end of 2018.
Results of Operations
Earnings Summary
Sales. Sales for 2018 were $14,014 compared with $12,960 in 2017, an increase of $1,054, or 8%. The increase was the result
of strong volume growth across all segments, primarily in the aerospace engines and defense, automotive, commercial
transportation, industrial, and building and construction end markets; higher aluminum prices and favorable product mix
primarily in the Global Rolled Products segment; and favorable foreign currency movements; partially offset by a decline in
volumes in the industrial gas turbine end market; lower sales of $190 from the divestitures of the Latin America extrusions
business (divested in April 2018), the rolling mill in Fusina, Italy (divested in March 2017), and the ramp down of Arconic's
North American packaging operations (completed in December 2018); and costs of $38 in 2018 related to settlements of certain
customer claims primarily related to product introductions.
Sales for 2017 were $12,960 compared with $12,394 in 2016, an increase of $566, or 5%. The increase was the result of strong
volume growth in all segments and higher aluminum pricing, partially offset by the planned ramp down and Toll Processing
Agreement relating to the Company’s North America packaging business in Tennessee in the Global Rolled Products segment,
as well as unfavorable product pricing in both the Engineered Products and Solutions and Global Rolled Products segments.
Pursuant to the Toll Processing Agreement that Arconic entered into with Alcoa Corporation on October 31, 2016 in connection
with the Separation Transaction, Arconic provides can body stock to Alcoa Corporation using aluminum supplied by Alcoa
Corporation, resulting in the absence of metal sales in 2017 compared to 2016.
Cost of Goods Sold (COGS). COGS as a percentage of Sales was 81.3% in 2018 compared with 78.9% in 2017. The increase
was the result of higher aluminum prices; unfavorable aerospace product mix; higher transportation costs; manufacturing
inefficiencies in the Engineered Structures business; performance shortfalls in the disks operations; costs related to settlements
of certain customer claims noted above; and the impact of a $23 charge related to a physical inventory adjustment at one plant
in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment that was recorded in the second quarter of 2018. While a portion of this
charge for the physical inventory adjustment related to prior years, the majority related to the first half of 2018. The out-of-
period amounts were not material to any interim or annual periods.
COGS as a percentage of Sales was 78.9% in 2017 compared with 78.2% in 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to
cost increases, including net higher aluminum prices of $84 and ramp-up costs related to new commercial aerospace engines,
and a lower margin product mix, partially offset by net cost savings.
Selling, General Administrative, and Other Expenses (SG&A). SG&A expenses were $604, or 4.3% of Sales, in 2018
compared with $715, or 5.5% of Sales, in 2017. The decrease in SG&A was the result of proxy, advisory and governance-
related costs of $58, costs related to the separation of Alcoa Inc. of $18, and costs associated with the Company’s Delaware
reincorporation of $3 in 2017, none of which recurred in 2018. Additionally, lower expenses driven by lower annual incentive
compensation accruals and overhead cost reductions were somewhat offset by an increase in legal and other advisory costs
related to Grenfell Tower of $4 as well as strategy and portfolio review costs of $7 in 2018.
SG&A expenses were $715, or 5.5% of Sales, in 2017 compared with $924, or 7.5% of Sales, in 2016. The decrease in SG&A
was the result of expenses related to the Separation Transaction of $193 in 2016 compared to $18 in 2017, as well as ongoing
overhead cost reduction efforts, partially offset by proxy, advisory and governance-related costs of $58, external legal and other
advisory costs related to Grenfell Tower of $14, and costs associated with the Company’s Delaware reincorporation of $3 in
2017.
Research and Development Expenses (R&D). R&D expenses were $103 in 2018 compared with $109 in 2017 and $130 in
2016. The decrease in both periods was the result of lower spending.
Provision for Depreciation and Amortization (D&A). The provision for D&A was $576 in 2018 compared with $551 in
2017 and $535 in 2016. The increase in both periods was primarily due to capital projects placed into service.
Impairment of Goodwill. In 2017, the Company recognized an impairment of goodwill of $719 related to the annual
impairment review of the Arconic Forgings and Extrusions business (see Goodwill under Critical Accounting Policies and
Estimates below).
Restructuring and Other Charges. Restructuring and other charges were $9 in 2018 compared with $165 in 2017. The
decrease of $156 was primarily due to the gain on the sale of the Texarkana rolling mill of $154, lower layoff costs, and a
postretirement curtailment benefit of $28, partially offset by pension plan settlement charges of $96 associated with significant
lump sum payments made to participants, a loss on the sale of the Eger, Hungary forgings business of $43, and pension
curtailment charges of $23. In 2017, the Company recorded a loss on the sale of the Fusina, Italy rolling mill of $60 and a
charge for the impairment of assets associated with the sale of the Latin America extrusions business of $41. See Note T to the
37
to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
Restructuring and other charges were $165 in 2017 compared with $155 in 2016. The increase of $10 was primarily due to a
loss of $60 on the sale of the Fusina, Italy rolling mill and a charge of $41 for the impairment of assets associated with the sale
of the Latin America extrusions business (divested in 2018) in 2017, partially offset by $57 for costs related to the exit of
certain legacy Firth Rixson operations in the U.K. and $37 for exit costs related to the decision in 2016 to permanently shut
down a can sheet facility. See Note T to the to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements
and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
Interest Expense. Interest expense was $378 in 2018 compared with $496 in 2017. The decrease of $118, or 24%, was the
result of higher costs incurred in 2017 related to the early redemption of the Company’s outstanding debt than were incurred
during 2018, as well as lower debt outstanding.
Interest expense was $496 in 2017 compared with $499 in 2016. The decrease of $3, or 1%, was primarily due to lower interest
expense resulting from lower outstanding debt, mostly offset by $73 primarily in higher premiums paid in 2017 related to the
early redemption of $1,250 in debt. In the second quarter of 2017, Arconic redeemed all of the Company’s 6.50% Bonds due
2018 and 6.75% Notes due 2018, and a portion of the Company’s 5.72% Notes due 2019 in advance of the respective maturity
dates.
Other Expense (Income), Net. Other expense, net was $79 in 2018 compared with Other income, net of $486 in 2017. The
decrease in other income, net of $565 was the result of gains recorded during 2017 related to the sale of a portion of Arconic’s
investment in Alcoa Corporation common stock of $351, the Debt-for-Equity Exchange (in April and May 2017, the Company
acquired a portion of its outstanding notes held by two investment banks (the “Investment Banks”) in exchange for cash and the
Company’s remaining 12,958,767 shares (valued at $35.91 per share) in Alcoa Corporation stock and recorded a gain of $167),
income of $81 associated with an adjustment to the contingent earn-out liability related to the Firth Rixson acquisition (see
Note T to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form
10-K), and income of $25 due to the reversal of a liability associated with a separation-related guarantee, none of which
recurred in 2018, and unfavorable foreign currency movements, somewhat offset by lower non-service related net periodic
benefit cost and the benefit of $29 from establishing a tax indemnification receivable reflecting Alcoa Corporation’s 49% share
of a Spanish tax reserve (see Note U to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K).
Other income, net was $486 in 2017 compared with Other expense, net of $41 in 2016. The increase in other income, net
of $527 was primarily due to the gain on the sale of a portion of Arconic’s investment in Alcoa Corporation common stock of
$351 (in February 2017, the Company sold 23,353,000 shares of Alcoa Corporation stock at $38.03 per share, which resulted in
cash proceeds of $888 and a gain of $351) and the gain of $167 on the Debt-for-Equity Exchange, income of $25 associated
with a higher reversal of a contingent earn-out liability related to the Firth Rixson acquisition (see Note T to the Consolidated
Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K), and income of $25
due to the reversal of a liability associated with a separation-related guarantee. The Company was required to provide a
guarantee for an Alcoa Corporation electricity contract in the event of an Alcoa Corporation payment default. In the fourth
quarter of 2017, Alcoa Corporation announced that it had terminated the electricity contract at its Rockdale Operations and, as a
result, Arconic reversed its associated guarantee liability.
Income Taxes. Arconic’s effective tax rate was 26.0% in 2018 compared with the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%. The
effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily as a result of a $60 charge to establish a tax reserve in
Spain, a $59 net charge resulting from the Company’s finalized analysis of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Acts of 2017 ("the 2017
Act"), a $13 charge for U.S. state taxes, foreign income taxed in higher rate jurisdictions, and foreign losses with no tax benefit,
partially offset by a $74 benefit related to the reversal of a foreign recapture obligation, a $38 benefit to reverse a foreign tax
reserve that is effectively settled, and a $10 benefit for the release of U.S. valuation allowances.
Arconic’s effective tax rate was 115.7% in 2017 compared with the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35%. The effective tax rate
differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily as a result of a $719 impairment of goodwill, a $41 impairment of assets in
the Latin America extrusions business, and a $60 charge related to the sale of a rolling mill in Italy that are nondeductible for
income tax purposes, a $272 tax charge as a provisional impact of the 2017 Act, and a $23 tax charge for an increase in an
uncertain tax position in Germany, partially offset by a $73 tax benefit related to the sale and Debt-for-Equity Exchange of the
Alcoa Corporation stock, a $69 tax benefit for the release of U.S. state valuation allowances net of the federal tax benefit, a $27
favorable tax impact associated with a non-taxable earn-out liability adjustment in connection with the Firth Rixson acquisition,
and by foreign income taxed in lower rate jurisdictions.
Arconic’s effective tax rate was 356.5% in 2016 compared with the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35%. The effective tax rate
differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to a $1,267 discrete income tax charge for valuation allowances related
to the Separation Transaction (see Note H to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K), a $95 tax charge associated with the redemption of company-owned life insurance
38
policies whose tax basis was less than the redemption amount resulting in a taxable gain, a $51 net charge for the
remeasurement of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities due to tax rate and tax law changes, and a $34 unfavorable tax
impact related to certain separation costs which are nondeductible for income tax purposes, somewhat offset by a $39 discrete
income tax benefit for the release of valuation allowances in Canada and Russia, a $38 tax benefit related to currency impacts
of a distribution of previously taxed income, and a $26 favorable tax impact associated with non-taxable settlement proceeds
and earn-out liability adjustments in connection with the Firth Rixson acquisition.
Management anticipates that the effective tax rate in 2019 will be between 26.5% and 28.5%. However, business portfolio
actions, changes in the current economic environment, tax legislation or rate changes, currency fluctuations, ability to realize
deferred tax assets, movements in stock price impacting tax benefits or deficiencies on stock-based payment awards, and the
results of operations in certain taxing jurisdictions may cause this estimated rate to fluctuate.
Income (Loss) From Continuing Operations After Income Taxes. Income from continuing operations after income taxes
was $642 for 2018, or $1.30 per diluted share, compared to a loss from continuing operations after income taxes of $74 for
2017, or $0.28 per share. The increase in results of $716 was due in part to the following items that occurred in 2017 but did
not recur in 2018: a charge for goodwill impairment of $719 ($719 pre-tax); gains related to the sale of a portion of Arconic’s
investment in Alcoa Corporation common stock and the Debt-for-Equity Exchange of $405 ($518 pre-tax); and favorable
adjustments of $97 ($106 pre-tax) to contingent earn-out and guarantee liabilities as noted below. Additional favorable impacts
in 2018 included: volume growth across all segments; lower SG&A expenses due to proxy and separation costs incurred in
2017 and not recurring in 2018, as well as lower incentive compensation accruals; lower Restructuring and other charges driven
primarily by the gain on sale of the Texarkana rolling mill, offset by pension settlement charges and the loss on sale of the Eger,
Hungary forgings business; lower Interest expense due to lower debt levels; lower pension expenses; and lower Income taxes.
These favorable impacts were partially offset by unfavorable aerospace product mix, higher aluminum prices, manufacturing
inefficiencies in the Engineered Structures business, performance shortfalls in the disks operations, settlements of certain
customer claims, and an unfavorable physical inventory adjustment at one plant.
Loss from continuing operations after income taxes was $74 for 2017, or $0.28 per diluted share, compared with $1,062
for 2016, or $2.58 per share. The increase in results of $988 was primarily attributable to charges for tax valuation allowances
and costs related to the Separation Transaction in 2016; a gain of $238 ($351 pre-tax) on the sale of a portion of Arconic’s
investment in Alcoa Corporation common stock and a gain of $167 ($167 pre-tax) on the Debt-for-Equity Exchange in 2017;
income of $25 ($25 pre-tax) associated with a higher reversal of a contingent earn-out liability related to the Firth Rixson
acquisition and income of $16 ($25 pre-tax) due to the reversal of a liability associated with a separation-related guarantee; net
cost savings; and higher sales volumes across all segments; partially offset by a charge for goodwill impairment of $719 ($719
pre-tax); a charge related to the 2017 Act of $272; $47 ($73 pre-tax) of higher premiums paid for the early redemption of debt
in 2017; higher LIFO inventory expense associated with higher aluminum prices; charges for asset impairments of the Fusina,
Italy rolling mill of $60 ($60 pre-tax) and Latin America extrusions business of $41 ($41 pre-tax) based on the sale of these
businesses; unfavorable product pricing, primarily in aerospace; and lower-margin product mix.
Segment Information
Arconic’s operations consist of three worldwide reportable segments: Engineered Products and Solutions, Global Rolled
Products and Transportation and Construction Solutions (see below). In the first quarter of 2018, the Company changed its
primary measure of segment performance from Adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization
(“Adjusted EBITDA”) to Segment operating profit, which more closely aligns segment performance with Operating income as
presented in the Statement of Consolidated Operations. Segment performance under Arconic’s management reporting system is
evaluated based on a number of factors; however, the primary measure of performance is Segment operating profit. Arconic’s
definition of Segment operating profit is Operating income excluding Special items. Special items include Restructuring and
other charges and Impairment of goodwill. Segment operating profit also includes certain items that, under the previous
segment performance measure, were recorded in Corporate, such as the impact of LIFO inventory accounting, metal price lag,
intersegment profit eliminations, and derivative activities. Segment operating profit may not be comparable to similarly titled
measures of other companies. Differences between segment totals and consolidated Arconic are in Corporate. Prior period
financial information has been recast to conform to current year presentation.
Segment operating profit for all reportable segments totaled $1,581 in 2018, $1,678 in 2017, and $1,622 in 2016. The following
information provides Sales and Segment operating profit for each reportable segment, as well as certain shipment data for
Global Rolled Products, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018. See Note C to the Consolidated
Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
39
Engineered Products and Solutions
Third-party sales
Segment operating profit
2018
2017
2016
$
$
6,316
891
$
$
5,943
964
$
$
5,728
955
The Engineered Products and Solutions segment produces products that are used primarily in the aerospace (commercial and
defense), industrial, commercial transportation, and power generation end markets. Such products include fastening systems
(titanium, steel, and nickel superalloys); seamless rolled rings (mostly nickel superalloys); investment castings (nickel
superalloys, titanium, and aluminum), including airfoils and forged jet engine components (e.g., jet engine disks), and extruded,
machined and formed aircraft parts (titanium and aluminum), all of which are sold directly to customers and through
distributors. More than 75% of the third-party sales in this segment are from the aerospace end market. A small part of this
segment also produces various forged, extruded, and machined metal products (titanium, aluminum and steel) for the oil and
gas, automotive, and land and sea defense end markets. Seasonal decreases in sales are generally experienced in the third
quarter of the year due to the European summer slowdown across all end markets. Generally, the sales and costs and expenses
of this segment are transacted in the local currency of the respective operations, which are mostly the U.S. dollar, British pound
and the euro.
On December 31, 2018, as part of the Company’s ongoing strategy and portfolio review, Arconic completed the sale of its Eger,
Hungary forgings business that manufactured high volume steel forgings for drivetrain components in the European heavy-duty
truck and automotive market. This business generated third-party sales of $32, $38, and $29 in 2018, 2017, and 2016,
respectively, and had 180 employees at the time of the divestiture. See Restructuring and other charges under Results of
Operations above.
In April 2016, Arconic completed the sale of the Remmele Medical business (that was part of the RTI International Metals Inc.
(RTI) acquisition) that manufactured precision-machined metal products for customers in the minimally invasive surgical
device and implantable device markets. Remmele Medical generated third-party sales of $23 from January 1, 2016 through the
divestiture date, and, at the time of the divestiture, had approximately 330 employees.
Third-party sales for the Engineered Products and Solutions segment increased $373, or 6%, in 2018 compared with 2017,
primarily attributable to higher volumes in the aerospace engines and defense end markets and favorable foreign currency
movements, partially offset by a decline in volumes in the industrial gas turbine market and lower aerospace pricing principally
in the fasteners business.
Third-party sales for this segment increased $215, or 4%, in 2017 compared with 2016, primarily attributable to volume growth
in both aerospace engines and airframes, partially offset by lower product pricing, primarily in the aerospace end market, and
the absence of sales of $23 related to the Remmele Medical business, which was sold in April 2016.
Segment operating profit for the Engineered Products and Solutions segment decreased $73, or 8%, in 2018 compared with
2017, primarily attributable to performance shortfalls in the disks operations; manufacturing inefficiencies in the Engineered
Structures business, including the now resolved forging press outage at the Cleveland facility that impacted the fourth quarter
of 2018 with higher costs of $10; unfavorable aerospace engine mix and new product introductions; a physical inventory
adjustment of $23; and lower aerospace pricing principally in the fasteners business; partly offset by the strength in aerospace
engine and defense volumes.
Segment operating profit for this segment increased $9, or 1%, in 2017 compared with 2016, primarily on higher volumes and
net cost savings, partially offset by product pricing pressures, ramp up costs associated with increasing production volumes of
new aerospace engine parts, and a lower margin product mix.
In 2019, demand in the commercial aerospace end market is expected to remain strong, driven by the ramp-up of new
aerospace engine platforms. Demand in the defense end market is expected to grow due to the continuing ramp-up of certain
aerospace programs, while declines in the industrial gas turbine market are expected to continue, albeit at lower levels than in
2018. Net cost savings and favorable pricing are expected.
40
Global Rolled Products(1)
Third-party sales
Intersegment sales
Total sales
Segment operating profit
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt)
$
$
$
2018
2017
2016
$
$
$
5,604
160
5,764
386
1,249
$
$
$
5,000
148
5,148
424
1,197
4,865
118
4,983
421
1,339
(1)
Excludes the Warrick, IN rolling operations and the equity interest in the rolling mill at the joint venture in Saudi
Arabia, both of which were previously part of the Global Rolled Products segment but became part of Alcoa
Corporation effective November 1, 2016.
The Global Rolled Products segment produces aluminum sheet and plate for a variety of end markets. Sheet and plate is sold
directly to customers and through distributors related to the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation, packaging,
building and construction, and industrial products (mainly used in the production of machinery and equipment and consumer
durables) end markets. A small portion of this segment also produces aseptic foil for the packaging end market. While the
customer base for flat-rolled products is large, a significant amount of sales of sheet and plate is to a relatively small number of
customers. Generally, the sales and costs and expenses of this segment are transacted in the local currency of the respective
operations, which are mostly the U.S. dollar, Chinese yuan, the euro, the Russian ruble, the Brazilian real, and the British
pound.
On April 6, 2018, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Asset Control (“OFAC”) announced new sanctions against
Russian “oligarchs” and extended those sanctions to companies that are majority-owned or substantively controlled by those
oligarchs. These sanctions block U.S. persons - both individuals and companies - from engaging in transactions with listed
oligarchs and their companies. These sanctions originally extended to UC Rusal PLC (“Rusal”), which supplies primary
aluminum to Arconic in Europe, the United States, and to the Company’s Samara plant in Russia. The Company operated under
a series of temporary licenses issued by OFAC until January 27, 2019 when OFAC removed Rusal from the list of sanctioned
parties. The Company complies with and expects to continue to comply with all other aspects of these sanctions and we do not
anticipate any interruption in Samara’s ability to operate normally.
In March 2017, Arconic completed the sale of its Fusina, Italy rolling mill. The rolling mill generated third-party sales of $54
and $165 for 2017 and 2016, respectively. At the time of the divestiture, the rolling mill had approximately 312 employees.
See Restructuring and other charges under Results of Operations above.
On November 1, 2016, Arconic entered into a Toll Processing Agreement with Alcoa Corporation for the tolling of metal for
the Warrick, IN rolling mill which became a part of Alcoa Corporation upon the completion of the Separation Transaction. As
part of this arrangement, Arconic provided a toll processing service to Alcoa Corporation to produce can sheet products at its
facility in Tennessee through the end date of the contract, December 31, 2018. Alcoa Corporation supplied all required raw
materials to Arconic and Arconic processed the raw materials into finished can sheet coils ready for shipment to the end
customer. Tolling revenue for 2018, 2017, and the two months ended December 31, 2016 was $144, $190 and $37, respectively.
Third-party sales for the Global Rolled Products segment increased $604, or 12%, in 2018 compared with 2017, primarily
attributable to higher aluminum prices; higher volumes in the automotive, commercial transportation, and industrial end
markets; and favorable product mix; partially offset by the absence of sales of $54 from the rolling mill in Fusina, Italy
(divested in March 2017) and the planned ramp down of Arconic's North American packaging operations (completed in
December 2018).
Third-party sales for this segment increased $135, or 3%, in 2017 compared with 2016, primarily attributable to volume growth
in the automotive end market and higher aluminum pricing, partially offset by the impact of $362 associated with the ramp-
down and Toll Processing Agreement with Alcoa Corporation at the Company’s North America packaging business in
Tennessee, the absence of sales of $111 from the rolling mill in Fusina, Italy, aerospace customer inventory destocking and
reduced build rates, and pricing pressures in the global packaging market.
Segment operating profit for the Global Rolled Products segment decreased $38, or 9%, in 2018 compared with 2017, primarily
driven by unfavorable aerospace wide-body production mix, higher aluminum prices, and higher transportation costs and scrap
spreads, partially offset by higher automotive, commercial transportation and industrial volumes. The higher aluminum prices
negatively impacted segment operating profit margin by $30, or 100 basis points, in 2018 compared with 2017.
Segment operating profit for this segment increased $3, or 1%, in 2017 compared with 2016, primarily driven by net cost
savings and increased automotive volumes, partially offset by lower aerospace volume from customer destocking and reduced
build rates, continued pricing pressure on global packaging products and higher aluminum prices. The higher aluminum prices
41
negatively impacted segment operating profit margin by $37, or 150 basis points, in 2017 compared with 2016.
In 2019, demand in the North America commercial transportation, brazing, and industrial end markets is expected to grow as a
result of the International Trade Commission initiated common alloy trade case. Demand in the automotive end market is
expected to continue to grow due to the growing demand for innovative products and aluminum-intensive vehicles. Demand
from the commercial airframe end market is expected to be flat as the ramp-up of new programs is offset by lower build rates
for aluminum intensive wide-body programs. Net productivity improvements are anticipated to continue.
Transportation and Construction Solutions
Third-party sales
Segment operating profit
2018
2017
2016
$
$
2,126
304
$
$
2,011
290
$
$
1,802
246
The Transportation and Construction Solutions segment produces products that are used mostly in the commercial
transportation and nonresidential building and construction end markets. Such products include integrated aluminum structural
systems, architectural extrusions, and forged aluminum commercial vehicle wheels, which are sold both directly to customers
and through distributors. A small part of this segment also produces aluminum products for the industrial products end market.
Generally, the sales and costs and expenses of this segment are transacted in the local currency of the respective operations,
which are primarily the U.S. dollar, the euro, and the Brazilian real.
On July 31, 2018, the Company announced that it had initiated a sale process of its Building and Construction Systems (BCS)
business, as part of the Company’s ongoing strategy and portfolio review that commenced in January 2018. BCS generated
third-party sales of approximately $1,140, $1,070, and $1,010 for 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The sale process
continues to progress. The Company’s decision regarding whether to sell the business will not be finalized until final binding
offers are evaluated. Until the Company makes that final decision, the BCS business will remain classified as held and in-use in
the Consolidated Financial Statements.
On April 2, 2018, Arconic completed the sale of its Latin America extrusions business as part of its continued drive to
streamline its business portfolio, reduce complexity and further focus on its higher-margin products and profitable growth. This
business generated sales of $25, $115, and $103 in 2018, 2017, and 2016 respectively, and had 612 employees at the time of the
divestiture. See Restructuring and Other Charges under Results of Operations above.
Third-party sales for the Transportation and Construction Solutions segment increased $115, or 6%, in 2018 compared with
2017, primarily driven by higher volumes in the commercial transportation and building and construction end markets,
favorable foreign currency movements and higher aluminum prices, partially offset by the absence of sales of $90 resulting
from the divestiture of the Latin America extrusions business in April 2018.
Third-party sales for this segment increased $209, or 12%, in 2017 compared with 2016, primarily driven by increased volumes
in the commercial transportation and building and construction end markets, higher aluminum pricing, and favorable foreign
currency movements, partially offset by lower product pricing.
Segment operating profit for the Transportation and Construction Solutions segment increased $14, or 5%, in 2018 compared
with 2017, principally driven by higher volumes in the commercial transportation and building and construction end markets
and net cost savings, which more than offset higher aluminum prices. The higher aluminum prices negatively impacted segment
operating margin by $57, or 270 basis points, in 2018 compared with 2017.
Segment operating profit for this segment increased $44, or 18%, in 2017 compared with 2016, principally driven by net cost
savings and higher volumes, partially offset by lower product pricing in the heavy-duty truck market, unfavorable product mix,
and higher aluminum prices. The higher aluminum prices negatively impacted segment operating margin by $8, or 90 basis
points, in 2017 compared with 2016.
In 2019, we expect continued growth in the North American and European commercial transportation and building and
construction markets and continued demand for innovative products. Net productivity improvements are anticipated to
continue.
42
Reconciliation of Total segment operating profit to Consolidated income from continuing operations before income
taxes
Total segment operating profit
Unallocated amounts:
Impairment of goodwill
Restructuring and other charges
Corporate expense
Consolidated operating income
Interest expense
Other (expense) income, net
Consolidated income from continuing operations before income taxes
2018
2017
2016
1,581
$
1,678
$
1,622
—
(9)
(247)
1,325
(378)
(79)
868
$
$
(719)
(165)
(314)
480
(496)
486
470
$
$
—
(155)
(513)
954
(499)
(41)
414
$
$
$
See Restructuring and Other Charges, Impairment of Goodwill, Interest Expense, and Other Expense (Income), Net discussions
above under Results of Operations for reference.
Corporate expense decreased in 2018 compared with 2017 primarily due to proxy, advisory and governance-related costs of
$58 and costs related to the separation of Alcoa Inc. of $18 in 2017, neither of which recurred in 2018. Also, lower expenses
driven by lower annual incentive compensation accruals and overhead cost reductions were partially offset by costs incurred in
the second quarter of 2018 related to the settlements of certain customer claims primarily related to product introductions of
$38, an increase in legal and other advisory costs related to Grenfell Tower of $4, and strategy and portfolio review costs of $7
in 2018.
Corporate expense decreased in 2017 compared with 2016 primarily attributable to costs incurred in 2016 related to the
Separation Transaction, partially offset by proxy, advisory and governance-related costs and legal and other advisory costs
related to Grenfell Tower incurred in 2017.
Environmental Matters
See the Environmental Matters section of Note U to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Arconic maintains a disciplined approach to cash management and strengthening of its balance sheet. Management continued
to focus on actions to improve Arconic’s cost structure and liquidity, providing the Company with the ability to operate
effectively. Such actions included procurement efficiencies and overhead rationalization to reduce costs, working capital
initiatives, and maintaining a sustainable level of capital expenditures.
Cash provided from operations and financing activities is expected to be adequate to cover Arconic’s operational and business
needs over the next 12 months. For an analysis of long-term liquidity, see Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet
Arrangements below.
At December 31, 2018, cash and cash equivalents of Arconic were $2,277, of which $541 was held by Arconic's non-U.S.
subsidiaries. If the cash held by non-U.S. subsidiaries were to be repatriated to the U.S., the company does not expect there to
be additional material income tax consequences.
The Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows has not been restated for discontinued operations, therefore the discussion below
concerning Operating Activities, Financing Activities, and Investing Activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 includes
the results of both Arconic and Alcoa Corporation up through the completion of the Separation Transaction on November 1,
2016.
Operating Activities
Cash provided from operations in 2018 was $217 compared with cash used for operations of $39 in 2017. The increase of $256
was primarily due to lower working capital of $209 and a favorable change in noncurrent liabilities of $169 due primarily to
reversals in 2017 related to the Firth Rixson earn-out liability of $81 and separation-related guarantee liability of $25, partially
offset by lower operating results. The components of the change in working capital included favorable changes of $277 in
accounts payable, $127 in taxes, including income taxes, and $118 in inventories, partially offset by unfavorable changes of
$227 in receivables, $74 in accrued expenses, and $12 in prepaid expenses and other current assets.
Cash used for operations in 2017 was $39 compared with Cash provided from operations $95 in 2016. The decrease of $134
was primarily due to lower operating results and higher pension contributions of $20, partially offset by a favorable change in
43
noncurrent assets of $111 due to the prepayment of $200 made in April 2016 related to a gas supply agreement for the Australia
alumina refineries (Alcoa Corporation), a favorable change in noncurrent liabilities of $55, and lower cash used for working
capital of $17. The components of the change in working capital included favorable changes of $101 in receivables; $87 in
prepaid expenses and other current assets; and $278 in accrued expenses; mostly offset by unfavorable changes in working
capital, including $163 in inventories; $170 in accounts payable, trade; and $116 in taxes, including income taxes.
Financing Activities
Cash used for financing activities was $649 in 2018 compared with $1,015 in 2017 and $757 in 2016.
The use of cash in 2018 was principally the result of $1,103 in repayments on borrowings under certain revolving credit
facilities (see below) and repayments on debt, primarily related to the early redemption of the remaining outstanding 5.72%
Notes due in 2019 (see Note P to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K) and $119 in dividends to shareholders. These items were partially offset by $600 in
additions to debt, primarily from borrowings under certain revolving credit facilities.
The use of cash in 2017 was principally the result of $1,634 in repayments on borrowings under certain revolving credit
facilities (see below) and repayments on debt, primarily related to the early redemption of the Company’s 6.50% Bonds due
2018, 6.75% Notes due 2018, and a portion of the 5.72% Notes due 2019 (see Note P to the Consolidated Financial Statements
in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K); $162 in dividends to shareholders; and
$52 in premiums paid on early redemption of debt. These items were partially offset by $816 in additions to debt, primarily
from borrowings under certain revolving credit facilities, and $50 of proceeds from the exercise of stock options.
The use of cash in 2016 was principally the result of $2,734 in payments on debt, mostly related to the repayment of
borrowings under certain revolving credit facilitates (see below) and the repayment in December 2016 of $750 of outstanding
principal of 5.55% Notes due February 2017; $228 in dividends to shareholders; and $175 in net cash paid to noncontrolling
interests (Alcoa Corporation). These items were mostly offset by $1,962 in additions to debt, virtually all of which was the
result of borrowing under certain revolving credit facilities, and $421 in net cash transferred from Alcoa Corporation at the
completion of the Separation Transaction.
In July 2015, through the acquisition of RTI, Arconic assumed the obligation to repay two tranches of convertible debt; one
tranche was due and settled in cash on December 1, 2015 (principal amount of $115) and the other tranche is due on
October 15, 2019 (principal amount of $403), unless earlier converted or purchased by Arconic at the holder’s option under
specific conditions. Upon conversion of the 2019 convertible notes, holders will receive, at Arconic’s election, cash, shares of
common stock (approximately 14,453,000 shares using the December 31, 2018 conversion rate of 35.9125 shares per $1,000
(not in millions) bond or per-share conversion price of $27.8455), or a combination of cash and shares. On the maturity date,
each holder of outstanding notes will be entitled to receive $1,000 (not in millions) in cash for each $1,000 (not in millions)
bond, together with accrued and unpaid interest.
In September 2014, Arconic completed two public securities offerings under its shelf registration statement for (i) $1,250 of
25 million depositary shares, each representing a 1/10th interest in a share of Arconic’s 5.375% Class B Mandatory Convertible
Preferred Stock, Series 1, par value $1 per share, liquidation preference $500 per share, and (ii) $1,250 of 5.125% Notes due
2024. The net proceeds of the offerings were used to finance the cash portion of the acquisition of Firth Rixson. On October 2,
2017, all outstanding 24,975,978 depositary shares were converted at a rate of 1.56996 into 39,211,286 common shares; 24,022
depositary shares were previously tendered for early conversion into 31,420 shares of Arconic common stock. No gain or loss
was recognized associated with this noncash equity transaction.
Arconic maintains a Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of lenders and issuers
named therein that expires on June 29, 2023 and provides for a senior unsecured revolving credit facility of $3,000. In addition
to the Credit Agreement, Arconic has a number of other credit agreements that provide a combined borrowing capacity of $715
as of December 31, 2018. See Note P to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and
Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
Arconic’s costs of borrowing and ability to access the capital markets are affected not only by market conditions but also by the
short- and long-term debt ratings assigned to Arconic by the major credit rating agencies.
On May 1, 2017, Standard and Poor’s Ratings Services (S&P) affirmed Arconic’s long-term debt at BBB-, an investment grade
rating, with a stable outlook, and its short-term debt at A-3. On February 7, 2019, S&P changed the outlook from stable to
negative credit watch. On November 1, 2016, Moody’s Investor Service (Moody’s) downgraded Arconic’s long-term debt
rating from Ba1, a non-investment grade, to Ba2 and its short-term debt rating from Speculative Grade Liquidity-1 to
Speculative Grade Liquidity-2. Additionally, Moody’s changed the outlook from negative to stable (ratings and outlook were
affirmed on November 2, 2017 and October 8, 2018). On April 21, 2016, Fitch affirmed Arconic’s long-term debt rating at BB
+, a non-investment grade, and short-term debt at B. Additionally, Fitch changed the outlook from positive to evolving. On July
7, 2016, Fitch changed the outlook from evolving to stable (ratings and outlook were affirmed on July 3, 2017). On September
44
27, 2018, Fitch changed the outlook from stable to positive (ratings and outlook were affirmed on September 27, 2018).
Investing Activities
Cash provided from investing activities was $565 in 2018 compared with $1,320 in 2017 and $591 in 2016.
The source of cash in 2018 included cash receipts from sold receivables of $1,016 and proceeds from the sale of the Texarkana,
Texas rolling mill and cast house of $302, partially offset by capital expenditures of $768, including the horizontal heat treat
furnace at the Davenport, Iowa plant and an expansion of a wheels plant in Szekesfehervar, Hungary.
The source of cash in 2017 included proceeds of $888 from the sale of a portion of Arconic’s investment in Alcoa Corporation
common stock, cash receipts from sold receivables of $792, and the receipt of proceeds from the sale of the Yadkin
Hydroelectric Project of $243, somewhat offset by cash used for capital expenditures of $596, including the aerospace
expansion (very thick plate stretcher and horizontal heat treat furnace) at the Davenport, Iowa plant and a titanium aluminide
furnace at the Niles, Ohio facility, and the injection of $10 into the Fusina rolling business prior to its sale.
The source of cash in 2016 was mainly due to $778 of cash receipts from sold receivables, $692 in proceeds from the sale of
assets and businesses, including $457 from the redemption of company-owned life insurance policies, $120 in proceeds related
to the sale of the Intalco smelter wharf property (Alcoa Corporation), and $102 in proceeds ($99 net of transaction costs) from
the sale of the Remmele Medical business, which was part of Arconic’s acquisition of RTI in July 2015; and $280 in sales of
investments, composed primarily of $145 for an equity interest in a natural gas pipeline in Australia (Alcoa Corporation) and
$130 for securities held by Arconic’s captive insurance company. These sources of cash were partially offset by $1,125 in
capital expenditures ($298 Alcoa Corporation), 29% of which related to growth projects, including the aerospace expansion
(very thick plate stretcher) at the Davenport, Iowa plant and a titanium aluminide furnace at the Niles, Ohio facility.
Noncash Financing and Investing Activities
On October 2, 2017, all outstanding 24,975,978 depositary shares (each depositary share representing a 1/10th interest in a
share of the mandatory convertible preferred stock) were converted at a rate of 1.56996 into 39,211,286 common shares;
24,022 depositary shares were previously tendered for early conversion into 31,420 shares of Arconic common stock. No gain
or loss was recognized associated with this equity transaction. See Note I to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II,
Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
In the second quarter of 2017, the Company completed a Debt-for-Equity Exchange with the Investment Banks for the
remaining portion of Arconic’s retained interest in Alcoa Corporation common stock for a portion of the Company’s
outstanding notes held by the Investment Banks for $465 including accrued and unpaid interest. See Note P to the Consolidated
Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
On October 5, 2016, Arconic completed a 1-for-3 reverse stock split of its outstanding and authorized shares of common stock,
pursuant to the authorization provided at a special meeting of Arconic common shareholders (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The
Reverse Stock Split reduced the number of shares of common stock outstanding from approximately 1.3 billion shares to
approximately 0.4 billion shares. The par value of the common stock remained at $1.00 per share. Accordingly, Common stock
and Additional capital in the Company’s Statement of Changes in Consolidated Equity at December 31, 2016 reflect a decrease
and increase of $877, respectively.
In August 2016, Arconic retired its outstanding treasury stock consisting of approximately 76 million shares. As a result,
Common stock and Additional capital were decreased by $76 and $2,563, respectively, in the Company’s Statement of Changes
in Consolidated Equity at December 31, 2016, to reflect the retirement of the treasury shares.
45
Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Contractual Obligations. Arconic is required to make future payments under various contracts, including long-term purchase
obligations, financing arrangements, and lease agreements. Arconic also has commitments to fund its pension plans, provide
payments for other postretirement benefit plans, and fund capital projects. As of December 31, 2018, a summary of Arconic’s
outstanding contractual obligations is as follows (these contractual obligations are grouped in the same manner as they are
classified in the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows in order to provide a better understanding of the nature of the
obligations and to provide a basis for comparison to historical information):
Operating activities:
Energy-related purchase obligations
Raw material purchase obligations
Other purchase obligations
Operating leases
Interest related to total debt
Estimated minimum required pension funding
Other postretirement benefit payments
Layoff and other restructuring payments
Deferred revenue arrangements
Uncertain tax positions
Financing activities:
Total debt
Dividends to shareholders
Investing activities:
Capital projects
Totals
Obligations for Operating Activities
Total
2019
2020-2021
2022-2023
Thereafter
$
$
72
829
102
379
2,326
1,860
730
25
18
187
6,330
—
$
37
652
81
94
351
255
90
19
12
—
421
—
$
28
155
13
128
592
840
170
4
6
—
2,243
—
$
7
19
6
70
370
765
170
1
—
—
623
—
665
13,523
$
$
532
2,544
$
133
4,312
$
—
2,031
$
—
3
2
87
1,013
—
300
1
—
187
3,043
—
—
4,636
Energy-related purchase obligations consist primarily of electricity and natural gas contracts with expiration dates ranging from
one year to five years. Raw material purchase obligations consist mostly of aluminum, titanium sponge, and various other
metals with expiration dates ranging from less than one year to six years. Many of these purchase obligations contain variable
pricing components, and, as a result, actual cash payments may differ from the estimates provided in the preceding table.
Operating leases represent multi-year obligations for certain land and buildings, plant equipment, vehicles, and computer
equipment.
Interest related to total debt is based on interest rates in effect as of December 31, 2018 and is calculated on debt with
maturities that extend to 2042.
Estimated minimum required pension funding and postretirement benefit payments are based on actuarial estimates using
current assumptions for discount rates, long-term rate of return on plan assets, rate of compensation increases, and health care
cost trend rates, among others. It is Arconic’s policy to fund amounts for pension plans sufficient to meet the minimum
requirements set forth in applicable country benefits laws and tax laws. Periodically, Arconic contributes additional amounts as
deemed appropriate. In 2018, the Company funded $298, of which $72 was contributed to its U.S. plans in excess of the
minimum required under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). The estimates reported in the preceding
table include amounts sufficient to meet the minimum required, along with a $34 contribution in 2019 related to an agreement
with the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) (see Note G to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item
8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K). Arconic has determined that it is not practicable to
present pension funding and other postretirement benefit payments beyond 2023 and 2028, respectively.
Layoff and other restructuring payments to be paid within one year primarily relate to severance costs, special layoff benefit
payments, and lease termination costs, while payments expected to be paid over the next several years relate to lease
termination costs.
Deferred revenue arrangements require Arconic to deliver product to a customer over the specified contract period through
2020 for a sheet and plate contract. While these obligations are not expected to result in cash payments, they represent
contractual obligations for which the Company would be obligated if the specified product deliveries could not be made.
46
Uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on an income tax return may result in additional payments to tax
authorities. The amount in the preceding table includes interest and penalties accrued related to such positions as of
December 31, 2018. The total amount of uncertain tax positions is included in the “Thereafter” column as the Company is not
able to reasonably estimate the timing of potential future payments. If a tax authority agrees with the tax position taken or
expected to be taken or the applicable statute of limitations expires, then additional payments will not be necessary.
Obligations for Financing Activities
Arconic has historically paid quarterly dividends on its preferred and common stock. Including dividends on preferred stock,
Arconic paid $119 in dividends to shareholders during 2018. Because all dividends are subject to approval by Arconic’s Board
of Directors, amounts are not included in the preceding table unless such authorization has occurred. As of December 31, 2018,
there were 483,270,717 shares of outstanding common stock and 546,024 shares of outstanding Class A preferred stock. In
2018, the annual preferred stock dividend was $3.75 per share and the annual common stock dividend was $0.24 per share.
Obligations for Investing Activities
Capital projects in the preceding table only include amounts approved by management as of December 31, 2018. Funding
levels may vary in future years based on anticipated construction schedules of the projects. It is expected that significant
expansion projects will be funded through various sources, including cash provided from operations. Total capital expenditures
are anticipated to be approximately $700 in 2019.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
At December 31, 2018, Arconic has outstanding bank guarantees related to tax matters, outstanding debt, workers’
compensation, environmental obligations, energy contracts, and customs duties, among others. The total amount committed
under these guarantees, which expire at various dates between 2019 and 2026 was $37 at December 31, 2018.
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement between Arconic and Alcoa Corporation, Arconic was required to
provide certain guarantees for Alcoa Corporation, which had a combined fair value of $6 and $8 at December 31, 2018 and
2017, respectively, and were included in Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits on the accompanying Consolidated
Balance Sheet. Arconic was required to provide payment guarantees for Alcoa Corporation issued on behalf of a third party
related to project financing for Alcoa Corporation’s aluminum complex in Saudi Arabia. During the third quarter of 2018,
Arconic was released from this guarantee. Furthermore, Arconic was required to provide guarantees related to two long-term
supply agreements for energy for Alcoa Corporation facilities in the event of an Alcoa Corporation payment default. In October
2017, Alcoa Corporation announced that it had terminated one of the two agreements, the electricity contract with Luminant
Generation Company LLC that was tied to its Rockdale Operations, effective as of October 1, 2017. As a result of the
termination of the Rockdale electricity contract, Arconic recorded income of $25 in the fourth quarter of 2017 associated with
reversing the fair value of the electricity contract guarantee. For the remaining long-term supply agreement, Arconic is required
to provide a guarantee up to an estimated present value amount of approximately $1,087 and $1,297 at December 31, 2018 and
December 31, 2017, respectively, in the event of an Alcoa Corporation payment default. This guarantee expires in 2047. For
this guarantee, subject to its provisions, Arconic is secondarily liable in the event of a payment default by Alcoa Corporation.
Arconic currently views the risk of an Alcoa Corporation payment default on its obligations under the contract to be remote.
In December 2016, Arconic entered into a one-year claims purchase agreement with a bank covering claims up to $245 related
to the Saudi Arabian joint venture and two long-term energy supply agreements. The majority of the premium was paid by
Alcoa Corporation. The agreement matured in December 2017 and was not renewed in 2018 due to the decline in exposure to
guarantee claims including a substantial reduction in the guarantees related to the Saudi Arabian joint venture and also the
elimination of the guarantee related to the Rockdale energy contract. In December 2018, Arconic entered into a one-year
insurance policy with a limit of $80 relating to the remaining long-term energy supply agreement. The premium is expected to
be paid by Alcoa Corporation. The decision to enter into a claims purchase agreement or insurance policy will be made on an
annual basis going forward.
Arconic has outstanding letters of credit primarily related to workers’ compensation, environmental obligations, and leasing
obligations. The total amount committed under these letters of credit, which automatically renew or expire at various dates,
mostly in 2019, was $136 at December 31, 2018.
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, Arconic was required to retain letters of credit of $54 that had
previously been provided related to both Arconic and Alcoa Corporation workers’ compensation claims which occurred prior to
November 1, 2016. Alcoa Corporation workers’ compensation claims and letter of credit fees paid by Arconic are being
proportionally billed to and are being fully reimbursed by Alcoa Corporation.
Arconic has outstanding surety bonds primarily related to tax matters, contract performance, workers’ compensation,
environmental-related matters, and customs duties. The total amount committed under these surety bonds, which expire at
various dates, primarily in 2019, was $50 at December 31, 2018.
47
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, Arconic was required to provide surety bonds related to Alcoa
Corporation workers’ compensation claims which occurred prior to November 1, 2016 and, as a result, Arconic has $25 in
outstanding surety bonds relating to these liabilities. Alcoa Corporation workers’ compensation claims and surety bond fees
paid by Arconic are being proportionally billed to and are being fully reimbursed by Alcoa Corporation.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America requires management to make certain judgments, estimates, and assumptions regarding uncertainties
that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosed in the accompanying Notes. Areas that
require significant judgments, estimates, and assumptions include accounting for environmental and litigation matters; the
testing of goodwill, other intangible assets, and properties, plants, and equipment for impairment; estimating fair value of
businesses acquired or divested; pension plans and other postretirement benefits obligations; stock-based compensation; and
income taxes.
Management uses historical experience and all available information to make these judgments, estimates, and assumptions, and
actual results may differ from those used to prepare the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements at any given time.
Despite these inherent limitations, management believes that Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations and the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes provide a meaningful and fair
perspective of the Company.
A summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies is included in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Management believes that the application of these policies on a consistent basis enables the Company to provide the users of
the Consolidated Financial Statements with useful and reliable information about the Company’s operating results and financial
condition.
Environmental Matters. Expenditures for current operations are expensed or capitalized, as appropriate. Expenditures relating
to existing conditions caused by past operations, which will not contribute to future revenues, are expensed. Liabilities are
recorded when remediation costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The liability may include costs such as site
investigations, consultant fees, feasibility studies, outside contractors, and monitoring expenses. Estimates are generally not
discounted or reduced by potential claims for recovery. Claims for recovery are recognized when probable and as agreements
are reached with third parties. The estimates also include costs related to other potentially responsible parties to the extent that
Arconic has reason to believe such parties will not fully pay their proportionate share. The liability is continuously reviewed
and adjusted to reflect current remediation progress, prospective estimates of required activity, and other factors that may be
relevant, including changes in technology or regulations.
Litigation Matters. For asserted claims and assessments, liabilities are recorded when an unfavorable outcome of a matter is
deemed to be probable and the loss is reasonably estimable. Management determines the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome
based on many factors such as the nature of the matter, available defenses and case strategy, progress of the matter, views and
opinions of legal counsel and other advisors, applicability and success of appeals processes, and the outcome of similar
historical matters, among others. Once an unfavorable outcome is deemed probable, management weighs the probability of
estimated losses, and the most reasonable loss estimate is recorded. If an unfavorable outcome of a matter is deemed to be
reasonably possible, then the matter is disclosed and no liability is recorded. With respect to unasserted claims or assessments,
management must first determine that the probability that an assertion will be made is likely, then, a determination as to the
likelihood of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to reasonably estimate the potential loss is made. Legal matters are
reviewed on a continuous basis to determine if there has been a change in management’s judgment regarding the likelihood of
an unfavorable outcome or the estimate of a potential loss.
Goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized; instead, it is reviewed for impairment annually (in the fourth quarter) or more frequently
if indicators of impairment exist or if a decision is made to sell or realign a business. A significant amount of judgment is
involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include deterioration in general
economic conditions, negative developments in equity and credit markets, adverse changes in the markets in which an entity
operates, increases in input costs that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, or a trend of negative or declining cash
flows over multiple periods, among others. The fair value that could be realized in an actual transaction may differ from that
used to evaluate the impairment of goodwill.
Goodwill is allocated among and evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment
or one level below an operating segment. Arconic had six reporting units for 2018, of which three were included in the
Engineered Products and Solutions segment (Arconic Fastening Systems, Arconic Engines, Arconic Engineered Structures),
two were included in the Transportation and Construction Solutions segment (Arconic Wheel and Transportation Products and
Building and Construction Systems), and the remaining reporting unit was the Global Rolled Products segment.
In reviewing goodwill for impairment, an entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the
48
existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not (greater than 50%) that the
estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If an entity elects to perform a qualitative assessment
and determines that an impairment is more likely than not, the entity is then required to perform the quantitative impairment
test (described below), otherwise no further analysis is required. An entity also may elect not to perform the qualitative
assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. The ultimate outcome of the goodwill impairment
review for a reporting unit should be the same whether an entity chooses to perform the qualitative assessment or proceeds
directly to the quantitative impairment test.
Arconic determines annually, based on facts and circumstances, which of its reporting units will be subject to the qualitative
assessment. For those reporting units where a qualitative assessment is either not performed or for which the conclusion is that
an impairment is more likely than not, a quantitative impairment test will be performed. Arconic’s policy is that a quantitative
impairment test be performed for each reporting unit at least once during every three-year period.
During the 2018 annual review of goodwill, management proceeded directly to the quantitative impairment test for all six of its
reporting units. The estimated fair values for each of the six reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values by more
than 25%, thus, there was no goodwill impairment. Under the quantitative impairment test, the evaluation of impairment
involves comparing the current fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. Arconic uses a
discounted cash flow model (DCF) to estimate the current fair value of its reporting units when testing for impairment, as
management believes forecasted cash flows are the best indicator of such fair value. A number of significant assumptions and
estimates are involved in the application of the DCF model to forecast operating cash flows, including sales growth (volumes
and pricing), production costs, capital spending, and discount rate. Most of these assumptions vary significantly among the
reporting units. Cash flow forecasts are generally based on approved business unit operating plans for the early years and
historical relationships in later years. The WACC rate for the individual reporting units is estimated with the assistance of
valuation experts. Arconic would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the
reporting unit’s fair value without exceeding the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
Goodwill impairment tests in 2017 and 2016 indicated that goodwill was not impaired for any of the Company’s reporting
units, except for the Arconic Forgings and Extrusions (AFE) business whose estimated fair value was lower than its carrying
value. As such, Arconic recorded an impairment for the full amount of goodwill in the AFE reporting unit of $719. The
decrease in the AFE fair value was primarily due to unfavorable performance that was impacting operating margins and a
higher discount rate due to an increase in the risk-free rate of return, while the carrying value increased compared to prior year.
Properties, Plants, and Equipment and Other Intangible Assets. Properties, plants, and equipment and Other intangible
assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such
assets (asset group) may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is determined by comparing the estimated undiscounted
net cash flows of the operations related to the assets (asset group) to their carrying amount. An impairment loss would be
recognized when the carrying amount of the assets (asset group) exceeds the estimated undiscounted net cash flows. The
amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is calculated as the excess of the carrying value of the assets (asset group) over
their fair value, with fair value determined using the best information available, which generally is a DCF model. The
determination of what constitutes an asset group, the associated estimated undiscounted net cash flows, and the estimated
useful lives of assets also require significant judgments.
In the second quarter of 2018, the Company updated its three-year strategic plan and determined that there was a decline in the
forecasted financial performance for the disks operations, an asset group within the AEN business unit. As such, the Company
evaluated the recoverability of the long-lived assets by comparing their carrying value of approximately $515 to the estimated
undiscounted net cash flows of the disks operations, resulting in an estimated fair value in excess of their carrying value of
approximately 13%; thus, there was no impairment. If the disks operations do not achieve the revised forecasted financial
performance or if there are changes in any significant assumptions, a material non-cash impairment of long-lived assets may
occur in future periods. These significant assumptions include sales growth, cost of raw materials, ramp up of additional
production capacity, and working capital. A 1% decrease in the forecasted net cash flows would reduce the undiscounted cash
flows by approximately $6. There were no indicators of impairment identified for the disks operations during the third or fourth
quarters of 2018 and, as such, the Company did not evaluate the recoverability of its long-lived assets.
Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale. The fair values of all businesses to be divested are estimated using
accepted valuation techniques such as a DCF model, valuations performed by third parties, earnings multiples, or indicative
bids, when available. A number of significant estimates and assumptions are involved in the application of these techniques,
including the forecasting of markets and market share, sales volumes and prices, costs and expenses, and multiple other factors.
Management considers historical experience and all available information at the time the estimates are made; however, the fair
value that is ultimately realized upon the divestiture of a business may differ from the estimated fair value reflected in the
Consolidated Financial Statements.
49
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits. Liabilities and expenses for pension and other postretirement benefits are
determined using actuarial methodologies and incorporate significant assumptions, including the interest rate used to discount
the future estimated liability, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, and several assumptions relating to the
employee workforce (salary increases, health care cost trend rates, retirement age, and mortality).
The interest rate used to discount future estimated liabilities is determined using a Company-specific yield curve model (above-
median) developed with the assistance of an external actuary. The cash flows of the plans’ projected benefit obligations are
discounted using a single equivalent rate derived from yields on high quality corporate bonds, which represent a broad
diversification of issuers in various sectors, including finance and banking, industrials, transportation, and utilities, among
others. The yield curve model parallels the plans’ projected cash flows, which have an average duration of 10 years. The
underlying cash flows of the bonds included in the model exceed the cash flows needed to satisfy the Company’s plans’
obligations multiple times. In 2018, 2017, and 2016, the discount rate used to determine benefit obligations for U.S. pension
and other postretirement benefit plans was 4.35%, 3.75%, and 4.20%, respectively. The impact on the liabilities of a change in
the discount rate of 1/4 of 1% would be approximately $170 and either a charge or credit of approximately $2 to after-tax
earnings in the following year.
In conjunction with the annual measurement of the funded status of Arconic’s pension and other postretirement benefit plans at
December 31, 2015, management elected to change the manner in which the interest cost component of net periodic benefit
cost will be determined in 2016 and beyond. Previously, the interest cost component was determined by multiplying the single
equivalent rate described above and the aggregate discounted cash flows of the plans’ projected benefit obligations. Under the
new methodology, the interest cost component will be determined by aggregating the product of the discounted cash flows of
the plans’ projected benefit obligations for each year and an individual spot rate (referred to as the “spot rate” approach). This
change resulted in a lower interest cost component of net periodic benefit cost under the new methodology compared to the
previous methodology in 2018, 2017, and 2016 of $24, $34, and $84, respectively, for pension plans and $4, $6, and $14,
respectively, for other postretirement benefit plans. Management believes this new methodology, which represents a change in
an accounting estimate, is a better measure of the interest cost as each year’s cash flows are specifically linked to the interest
rates of bond payments in the same respective year.
The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is generally applied to a five-year market-related value of plan assets (a
fair value at the plan measurement date is used for certain non-U.S. plans). The process used by management to develop this
assumption is one that relies on a combination of historical asset return information and forward-looking returns by asset class.
As it relates to historical asset return information, management focuses on various historical moving averages when developing
this assumption. While consideration is given to recent performance and historical returns, the assumption represents a long-
term, prospective return. Management also incorporates expected future returns on current and planned asset allocations using
information from various external investment managers and consultants, as well as management’s own judgment.
For 2018, 2017, and 2016, management used 7.00%, 7.75%, and 7.75%, respectively, as its expected long-term rate of return,
which was based on the prevailing and planned strategic asset allocations, as well as estimates of future returns by asset
class. These rates fell within the respective range of the 20-year moving average of actual performance and the expected future
return developed by asset class. For 2019, management anticipates that 7.00% will be the expected long-term rate of return.
The decrease of 75 basis points in the 2018 expected long-term rate of return was due to a decrease in the expected return by
asset class and the 20-year moving average. A change in the assumption for the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets
of 1/4 of 1% would impact after-tax earnings by approximately $10 for 2019.
In 2018, a net loss of $114 (after-tax) was recorded in other comprehensive loss, primarily due to the impact of the adoption of
new accounting guidance that permits a reclassification to Accumulated deficit for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax
Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, as well as the plan asset performance that was less than expected, which were partially offset by the
increase in the discount rate of 60 basis points and the amortization of actuarial losses. In 2017, a net loss of $220 (after-tax)
was recorded in other comprehensive loss, primarily due to the decrease in the discount rate of 45 basis points and plan asset
performance less than expected, which were partially offset by the amortization of actuarial losses. In 2016, a net benefit of
$1,601 (after-tax and noncontrolling interest) was recorded in other comprehensive loss, primarily due to the transfer of $2,080
to Alcoa Corporation which was partially offset by a net charge of $479. The charge was due to the unfavorable performance of
the plan assets and a 9 basis point decrease in the discount rate, which were partially offset by the amortization of actuarial
losses.
Stock-Based Compensation. Arconic recognizes compensation expense for employee equity grants using the non-substantive
vesting period approach, in which the expense is recognized ratably over the requisite service period based on the grant date
fair value. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. The fair value of new stock options is estimated on the date of grant
using a lattice-pricing model. The fair value of performance awards containing a market condition is valued using a Monte
Carlo valuation model. Determining the fair value at the grant date requires judgment, including estimates for the average risk-
free interest rate, dividend yield, volatility, and exercise behavior. These assumptions may differ significantly between grant
dates because of changes in the actual results of these inputs that occur over time.
50
Compensation expense recorded in 2018, 2017, and 2016 was $50 ($39 after-tax), $54 ($36 after-tax), and $76 ($51 after-tax),
respectively.
Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income
taxes. Under this approach, the provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable (or received or receivable)
for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences
expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid, and result from differences between
the financial and tax bases of Arconic’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when
enacted.
The 2017 Act created a new requirement that certain income earned by foreign subsidiaries, Global Intangible Low Taxed
Income (GILTI), must be included in the gross income of the U.S. shareholder. The 2017 Act also established the Base Erosion
and Anti-Abuse Tax (BEAT). Until regulations are finalized, judgement will be required to apply preliminary guidance,
including proposed regulations, to Arconic’s facts and circumstances.
Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be
realized. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all potential sources of taxable income,
including income available in carryback periods, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, projections of taxable
income, and income from tax planning strategies, as well as all available positive and negative evidence. Positive evidence
includes factors such as a history of profitable operations, projections of future profitability within the carryforward period,
including from tax planning strategies, and Arconic’s experience with similar operations. Existing favorable contracts and the
ability to sell products into established markets are additional positive evidence. Negative evidence includes items such as
cumulative losses, projections of future losses, or carryforward periods that are not long enough to allow for the utilization of a
deferred tax asset based on existing projections of income. Deferred tax assets for which no valuation allowance is recorded
may not be realized upon changes in facts and circumstances, resulting in a future charge to establish a valuation allowance.
Existing valuation allowances are re-examined under the same standards of positive and negative evidence. If it is determined
that it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will be realized, the appropriate amount of the valuation allowance, if
any, is released. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are also re-measured to reflect changes in underlying tax rates due to law
changes and the granting and lapse of tax holidays.
In 2018, Arconic made a final accounting policy election to apply a tax law ordering approach when considering the need for a
valuation allowance on net operating losses expected to offset GILTI income inclusions. Under this approach, reductions in
cash tax savings are not considered as part of the valuation allowance assessment. Instead, future GILTI inclusions are
considered a source of taxable income that supports the realizability of deferred tax assets.
Tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return are recorded when such benefits
meet a more likely than not threshold. Otherwise, these tax benefits are recorded when a tax position has been effectively
settled, which means that the statute of limitations has expired or the appropriate taxing authority has completed their
examination even though the statute of limitations remains open. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are
recognized as part of the provision for income taxes and are accrued beginning in the period that such interest and penalties
would be applicable under relevant tax law until such time that the related tax benefits are recognized.
Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance. See the Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance section of Note A to the
Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
Recently Issued Accounting Guidance. See the Recently Issued Accounting Guidance section of Note A to the Consolidated
Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this Form 10-K.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Not material.
51
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Management’s Report on Financial Statements and Practices
Management’s Reports to Arconic Shareholders
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements of Arconic Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) were prepared by
management, which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. The statements were prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and include amounts that are based on management’s
best judgments and estimates. The other financial information included in the annual report is consistent with that in the
financial statements.
Management also recognizes its responsibility for conducting the Company’s affairs according to the highest standards of
personal and corporate conduct. This responsibility is characterized and reflected in key policy statements issued from time to
time regarding, among other things, conduct of its business activities within the laws of the host countries in which the
Company operates and potentially conflicting outside business interests of its employees. The Company maintains a systematic
program to assess compliance with these policies.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company.
In order to evaluate the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act, management has conducted an assessment, including testing, using the criteria in Internal Control—Integrated
Framework (2013), issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The
Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures
that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and
dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of
America, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Based on the assessment, management has concluded that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 has been audited by
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included
herein.
John C. Plant
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Ken Giacobbe
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
52
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Arconic Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Arconic Inc. and its subsidiaries (the "Company") as of
December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, changes in
equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018, including the related notes
(collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2018 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal
control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included
in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express
opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting
based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the
audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement,
whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement
of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks.
Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated
financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal
control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the
risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based
on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the
circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures
that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and
dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the
company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
February 21, 2019
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1950.
53
Arconic and subsidiaries
Statement of Consolidated Operations
(in millions, except per-share amounts)
For the year ended December 31,
Sales (B and C)
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of expenses below)
Selling, general administrative, and other expenses
Research and development expenses
Provision for depreciation and amortization
Impairment of goodwill (A and O)
Restructuring and other charges (D)
Operating income
Interest expense (E)
Other expense (income), net (F)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
Provision for income taxes (H)
Income (loss) from continuing operations after income taxes
Income from discontinued operations after income taxes (V)
Net income (loss)
Less: Net income from discontinued operations attributable to
noncontrolling interests (V)
Net income (loss) Attributable to Arconic
Amounts Attributable to Arconic Common Shareholders (J):
Net income (loss)
Earnings (loss) per share—basic:
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Net earnings (loss) per share-basic
Earnings (loss) per share—diluted
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Net earnings (loss) per share-diluted
2018
2017
2016
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
14,014
11,397
604
103
576
—
9
1,325
378
79
868
226
642
—
642
—
642
651
1.33
—
1.33
1.30
—
1.30
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
12,960
10,221
715
109
551
719
165
480
496
(486)
470
544
(74)
—
(74)
—
(74) $
12,394
9,696
924
130
535
—
155
954
499
41
414
1,476
(1,062)
184
(878)
63
(941)
(127) $
(1,010)
(0.28) $
—
(0.28) $
(0.28) $
—
(0.28) $
(2.58)
0.27
(2.31)
(2.58)
0.27
(2.31)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
54
Arconic and subsidiaries
Statement of Consolidated Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in millions)
For the year ended
December 31,
Net income (loss)
Other comprehensive income
(loss), net of tax (K):
Change in unrecognized net
actuarial loss and prior service
cost/benefit related to pension
and other postretirement benefits
Foreign currency translation
adjustments
Net change in unrealized gains
on available-for-sale securities
Net change in unrecognized
gains/losses on cash flow hedges
Total Other comprehensive income
(loss), net of tax
Comprehensive income (loss)
Arconic
2018
$ 642
2017
$
(74) $
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total
2016
2018
2017
(941) $ — $ — $
2016
63
2018
$ 642
2017
$
(74) $
2016
(878)
255
(220)
(479)
(146)
252
(1)
(134)
268
137
(23)
26
(617)
85
(76)
(691)
—
—
—
—
—
$ 727
$ (150) $ (1,632) $ — $
—
2
—
—
2
2
(3)
255
(220)
(482)
182
(146)
254
(1)
(134)
450
137
(23)
26
(612)
—
5
184
85
(74)
(507)
$ 247
$ 727
$ (148) $ (1,385)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
55
Arconic and subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheet
(in millions)
December 31,
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Receivables from customers, less allowances of $4 in 2018 and $8 in 2017 (L)
Other receivables (L)
Inventories (M)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Total current assets
Properties, plants, and equipment, net (N)
Goodwill (A and O)
Deferred income taxes (H)
Intangibles, net (O)
Other noncurrent assets
Total assets
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable, trade
Accrued compensation and retirement costs
Taxes, including income taxes
Accrued interest payable
Other current liabilities
Short-term debt (P and R)
Total current liabilities
Long-term debt, less amount due within one year (P and R)
Accrued pension benefits (G)
Accrued other postretirement benefits (G)
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits (Q)
Total liabilities
Contingencies and commitments (U)
Equity
Arconic shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock (I)
Common stock (I)
Additional capital
Accumulated deficit (A)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (A and K)
Total Arconic shareholders’ equity
Noncontrolling interests
Total equity
Total liabilities and equity
2018
2017
$
$
$
2,277
1,047
451
2,492
314
6,581
5,704
4,500
573
919
416
18,693
2,129
370
118
113
356
434
3,520
5,896
2,230
723
739
13,108
2,150
1,035
339
2,480
374
6,378
5,594
4,535
743
987
481
18,718
1,839
399
75
124
349
38
2,824
6,806
2,564
841
759
13,794
55
483
8,319
(358)
(2,926)
5,573
12
5,585
18,693
$
55
481
8,266
(1,248)
(2,644)
4,910
14
4,924
18,718
$
$
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
56
Arconic and subsidiaries
Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows
(in millions)
For the year ended December 31,
Operating activities
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided from (used
2018
2017
2016
$
642
$
(74) $
(878)
Depreciation and amortization
Deferred income taxes
Equity income, net of dividends
Impairment of goodwill (A and O)
Restructuring and other charges
Net loss (gain) from investing activities - asset sales
Net periodic pension benefit cost (G)
Stock-based compensation
Other
Changes in assets and liabilities, excluding effects of acquisitions,
divestitures, and foreign currency translation adjustments:
(Increase) in receivables (A)
(Increase) in inventories
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets
Increase in accounts payable, trade
(Decrease) in accrued expenses
Increase (decrease) in taxes, including income taxes
Pension contributions
(Increase) in noncurrent assets
(Decrease) in noncurrent liabilities
Cash provided from (used for) operations
Financing Activities
Net change in short-term borrowings (original maturities of three months
or less)
Additions to debt (original maturities greater than three months) (P)
Payments on debt (original maturities greater than three months) (P)
Premiums paid on early redemption of debt (A and P)
Proceeds from exercise of employee stock options
Dividends paid to shareholders
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
Contributions from noncontrolling interests
Net cash transferred from Alcoa Corporation at separation
Other
Cash used for financing activities
Investing Activities
Capital expenditures
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (S)
Proceeds from the sale of assets and businesses (S)
Sales of investments (S and V)
Cash receipts from sold receivables (A and L)
Other (V)
Cash provided from investing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and
restricted cash
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (A)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year (A)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year (A)
$
576
31
—
—
9
10
130
50
75
(1,142)
(74)
(1)
339
(190)
104
(298)
(20)
(24)
217
(7)
600
(1,103)
(17)
16
(119)
—
—
—
(19)
(649)
(768)
—
309
9
1,016
(1)
565
(4)
129
2,153
2,282
$
551
434
—
719
165
(513)
217
67
112
(915)
(192)
11
62
(116)
(23)
(310)
(41)
(193)
(39)
(2)
816
(1,634)
(52)
50
(162)
(14)
—
—
(17)
(1,015)
(596)
—
(9)
890
792
243
1,320
9
275
1,878
2,153
$
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
1,132
1,125
42
—
257
(156)
304
86
63
(1,016)
(29)
(76)
232
(394)
93
(290)
(152)
(248)
95
(3)
1,962
(2,734)
(3)
4
(228)
(226)
51
421
(1)
(757)
(1,125)
10
692
280
778
(44)
591
(8)
(79)
1,957
1,878
57
Arconic and subsidiaries
Statement of Changes in Consolidated Equity
(in millions, except per-share amounts)
Arconic Shareholders
Mandatory
convertible
preferred
stock
$ 3
-
Preferred
stock
$55
-
Common
stock
$1,391
-
Additional
capital
$10,019
-
Retained
earnings
(deficit)
$ 8,834
(941)
Treasury
stock
$(2,825)
-
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
$(5,431)
-
Noncontrolling
interests
$ 2,085
63
Total
equity
$14,131
(878)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$55
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$55
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$55
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$ 3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(3)
-
-
-
$ -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$ -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
86
-
(2)
(67)
(159)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
186
2,639
-
(76)
(877)
(205)
(2,563)
877
-
-
-
$ 438
-
-
-
-
-
$ 8,214
-
-
(8,692)
-
-
-
$(1,027) $
(74)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
67
21
(2)
(51)
(109)
-
-
39
4
-
-
$ 481
-
-
-
(36)
-
-
-
$ 8,266
-
-
-
-
-
-
15
$(1,248) $
367
642
-
-
-
-
-
-
50
2
-
$ 483
3
-
$ 8,319
(2)
(117)
-
-
-
$ (358) $
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(691)
184
(507)
-
-
-
-
-
3,554
-
-
-
$(2,568)
-
(76)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$(2,644)
(367)
-
85
-
-
-
-
-
$(2,926)
-
-
-
-
-
(2,133)
(226)
51
2
26
-
2
$
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(14)
-
14
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(2)
12
$
$
(2)
(67)
(159)
86
(19)
-
-
(7,271)
(226)
51
2
$ 5,141
(74)
(74)
(2)
(51)
(109)
67
21
-
4
(14)
15
$ 4,924
-
642
85
(2)
(117)
50
5
(2)
$ 5,585
Balance at December 31, 2015
Net (loss) income
Other comprehensive (loss)
income (K)
Cash dividends declared:
Preferred–Class A @ $3.75 per
share
Preferred–Class B @ $26.8750 per
share
Common @ $0.36 per share
Stock-based compensation (I)
Common stock issued: compensation
plans (I)
Retirement of Treasury stock (I)
Reverse stock split (I)
Distribution of Alcoa Corporation
Distributions
Contributions
Other
Balance at December 31, 2016
Net loss
Other comprehensive loss (K)
Cash dividends declared:
Preferred–Class A @ $3.75 per
share
Preferred–Class B @ $20.1563
per share
Common @ $0.24 per share
Stock-based compensation (I)
Common stock issued: compensation
plans (I)
Conversion of mandatory convertible
preferred stock (I)
Issuance of common stock (I)
Distributions
Other
Balance at December 31, 2017
Adoption of accounting standard (A)
Net income
Other comprehensive income (K)
Cash dividends declared:
Preferred–Class A @ $3.75 per
share
Common @ $0.24 per share
Stock-based compensation (I)
Common stock issued: compensation
plans (I)
Other
Balance at December 31, 2018
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
58
Arconic and subsidiaries
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(dollars in millions, except per-share amounts)
A. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation. The Consolidated Financial Statements of Arconic Inc. and subsidiaries (“Arconic” or the “Company”)
are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and require
management to make certain judgments, estimates, and assumptions. These may affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. They also may affect the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates upon
subsequent resolution of identified matters. Certain amounts in previously issued financial statements were reclassified to
conform to the current period presentation (see below and Note C)
On January 1, 2018, Arconic adopted new guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) related to the
following: presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost that required a reclassification
of costs within the Statement of Consolidated Operations; presentation of certain cash receipts and cash payments within the
Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows that required a reclassification of amounts between operating and either financing or
investing activities; the classification of restricted cash within the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows; and the
reclassification from Accumulated other comprehensive loss to Accumulated deficit in the Consolidated Balance Sheet of
stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017. See Recently Adopted
Accounting Guidance below for further details.
Also on January 1, 2018, the Company changed its primary measure of segment performance from Adjusted earnings before
interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) to Segment operating profit, which more closely aligns
segment performance with Operating income as presented in the Statement of Consolidated Operations. See Note C for further
details.
The separation of Alcoa Inc. into two standalone, publicly-traded companies, Arconic Inc. (the new name for Alcoa Inc.) and
Alcoa Corporation, became effective on November 1, 2016 (the “Separation Transaction”). The financial results of Alcoa
Corporation for 2016 have been retrospectively reflected in the Statement of Consolidated Operations as discontinued
operations and, as such, have been excluded from continuing operations and segment results for 2016. The cash flows and
comprehensive income related to Alcoa Corporation have not been segregated and are included in the Statement of
Consolidated Cash Flows and Statement of Consolidated Comprehensive Income (Loss), respectively, for 2016. See Note V for
additional information related to the Separation Transaction and discontinued operations.
Principles of Consolidation. The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Arconic and companies in which
Arconic has a controlling interest. Intercompany transactions have been eliminated. Investments in affiliates in which Arconic
cannot exercise significant influence are accounted for on the cost method.
Management also evaluates whether an Arconic entity or interest is a variable interest entity and whether Arconic is the primary
beneficiary. Consolidation is required if both of these criteria are met. Arconic does not have any variable interest entities
requiring consolidation.
Cash Equivalents. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less.
Inventory Valuation. Inventories are carried at the lower of cost and net realizable value, with cost for approximately half of
U.S. inventories determined under the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. The cost of other inventories is determined under a
combination of the first-in, first-out (FIFO) and average-cost methods.
Properties, Plants, and Equipment. Properties, plants, and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is recorded
principally on the straight-line method at rates based on the estimated useful lives of the assets. The following table details the
weighted-average useful lives of structures and machinery and equipment by reporting segment (numbers in years):
Engineered Products and Solutions
Global Rolled Products
Transportation and Construction Solutions
Structures
Machinery and equipment
17
21
18
29
31
27
Gains or losses from the sale of asset groups are generally recorded in Restructuring and other charges while the sale of
individual assets are recorded in Other expense (income), net (see policy below for assets classified as held for sale and
discontinued operations). Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Interest related to the construction of
qualifying assets is capitalized as part of the construction costs.
59
Properties, plants, and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the
carrying amount of such assets (asset group) may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is determined by comparing the
estimated undiscounted net cash flows of the operations related to the assets (asset group) to their carrying amount. An
impairment loss would be recognized when the carrying amount of the assets (asset group) exceeds the estimated undiscounted
net cash flows. The amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is calculated as the excess of the carrying value of the assets
(asset group) over their fair value, with fair value determined using the best information available, which generally is a
discounted cash flow (DCF) model. The determination of what constitutes an asset group, the associated estimated
undiscounted net cash flows, and the estimated useful lives of the assets also require significant judgments. See Note N for
further information.
Goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized; instead, it is reviewed for impairment annually (in the fourth quarter) or more frequently
if indicators of impairment exist or if a decision is made to sell or realign a business. A significant amount of judgment is
involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include deterioration in general
economic conditions, negative developments in equity and credit markets, adverse changes in the markets in which an entity
operates, increases in input costs that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, or a trend of negative or declining cash
flows over multiple periods, among others. The fair value that could be realized in an actual transaction may differ from that
used to evaluate the impairment of goodwill.
Goodwill is allocated among and evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment
or one level below an operating segment. Arconic had eight reporting units for 2017 and 2016, of which four were included in
the Engineered Products and Solutions segment (Arconic Fastening Systems and Rings, Arconic Power and Propulsion,
Arconic Forgings and Extrusions, and Arconic Titanium and Engineered Products), three were included in the Transportation
and Construction Solutions segment (Arconic Wheel and Transportation Products, Building and Construction Systems, and
Latin America Extrusions), and the remaining reporting unit was the Global Rolled Products segment.
In January 2018, management changed the organizational structure of the businesses in the Engineered Products and Solutions
segment from four business units to three business units with a focus on aligning its internal structure to core markets and
customers and reducing cost. As a result, management assessed and concluded that each of the three new business units
(Arconic Fastening Systems (AFS), Arconic Engines (AEN), and Arconic Engineered Structures (AES)) represent reporting
units for goodwill impairment evaluation purposes. Goodwill was reallocated to the three new reporting units and both the
historical and new Engineered Products and Solutions reporting units were evaluated for impairment during the first quarter of
2018. The estimated fair value of each reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value; thus, there was no goodwill
impairment. In April 2018, Arconic completed the sale of its Latin America extrusions business and, therefore, it is no longer a
reporting unit for the Company. More than 90% of Arconic’s total goodwill at December 31, 2018 was allocated to the three
Engineered Products and Solutions reporting units: AEN ($2,065), AFS ($1,607), and AES ($507).
In reviewing goodwill for impairment, an entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the
existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not (greater than 50%) that the
estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If an entity elects to perform a qualitative assessment
and determines that an impairment is more likely than not, the entity is then required to perform the quantitative impairment
test (described below), otherwise no further analysis is required. An entity also may elect not to perform the qualitative
assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. The ultimate outcome of the goodwill impairment
review for a reporting unit should be the same whether an entity chooses to perform the qualitative assessment or proceeds
directly to the quantitative impairment test.
Arconic determines annually, based on facts and circumstances, which of its reporting units will be subject to the qualitative
assessment. For those reporting units where a qualitative assessment is either not performed or for which the conclusion is that
an impairment is more likely than not, a quantitative impairment test will be performed. Arconic’s policy is that a quantitative
impairment test be performed for each reporting unit at least once during every three-year period.
Under the qualitative assessment, various events and circumstances (or factors) that would affect the estimated fair value of a
reporting unit are identified (similar to impairment indicators above). These factors are then classified by the type of impact
they would have on the estimated fair value using positive, neutral, and adverse categories based on current business
conditions. Additionally, an assessment of the level of impact that a particular factor would have on the estimated fair value is
determined using high, medium, and low weighting. Furthermore, management considers the results of the most recent
quantitative impairment test completed for a reporting unit and compares the weighted average cost of capital (WACC)
between the current and prior years for each reporting unit.
During the 2018 annual review of goodwill, management proceeded directly to the quantitative impairment test for all six of its
reporting units. The estimated fair values for each of the six reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values by more
than 25%, thus, there was no goodwill impairment. Under the quantitative impairment test, the evaluation of impairment
involves comparing the current fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. Arconic uses a
60
discounted cash flow model (DCF) to estimate the current fair value of its reporting units when testing for impairment, as
management believes forecasted cash flows are the best indicator of such fair value. A number of significant assumptions and
estimates are involved in the application of the DCF model to forecast operating cash flows, including sales growth (volumes
and pricing), production costs, capital spending, and discount rate. Most of these assumptions vary significantly among the
reporting units. Cash flow forecasts are generally based on approved business unit operating plans for the early years and
historical relationships in later years. The WACC rate for the individual reporting units is estimated with the assistance of
valuation experts. Arconic would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the
reporting unit’s fair value without exceeding the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
In connection with the interim impairment evaluation of long-lived assets for the disks operations (an asset group within the
AEN business unit) in the second quarter of 2018, which resulted from a decline in forecasted financial performance for the
business in connection with its updated three-year strategic plan, the Company also performed an interim impairment
evaluation of goodwill for the AEN reporting unit. The estimated fair value of the reporting unit was substantially in excess of
the carrying value; thus, there was no impairment of goodwill.
Goodwill impairment tests in 2017 and 2016 indicated that goodwill was not impaired for any of the Company’s reporting
units, except for the Arconic Forgings and Extrusions (AFE) business whose estimated fair value was lower than its carrying
value. As such, Arconic recorded an impairment for the full amount of goodwill in the AFE reporting unit of $719. The
decrease in the AFE fair value was primarily due to unfavorable performance that was impacting operating margins and a
higher discount rate due to an increase in the risk-free rate of return, while the carrying value increased compared to prior year.
Other Intangible Assets. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized while intangible assets with finite
useful lives are amortized generally on a straight-line basis over the periods benefited. The following table details the weighted-
average useful lives of software and other intangible assets by reporting segment (numbers in years):
Engineered Products and Solutions
Global Rolled Products
Transportation and Construction Solutions
Software
Other intangible assets
33
9
16
5
5
5
Revenue Recognition. The Company's contracts with customers are comprised of acknowledged purchase orders incorporating
the Company’s standard terms and conditions, or for larger customers, may also generally include terms under negotiated
multi-year agreements. These contracts with customers typically consist of the manufacture of products which represent single
performance obligations that are satisfied upon transfer of control of the product to the customer. The Company produces
fastening systems; seamless rolled rings; investment castings, including airfoils and forged jet engine components; extruded,
machined and formed aircraft parts; aluminum sheet and plate; integrated aluminum structural systems; architectural
extrusions; and forged aluminum commercial vehicle wheels. Transfer of control is assessed based on alternative use of the
products we produce and our enforceable right to payment for performance to date under the contract terms. Transfer of control
and revenue recognition generally occur upon shipment or delivery of the product, which is when title, ownership and risk of
loss pass to the customer and is based on the applicable shipping terms. The shipping terms vary across all businesses and
depend on the product, the country of origin, and the type of transportation (truck, train, or vessel). An invoice for payment is
issued at time of shipment. The Company’s objective is to have net 30-day terms. Our business units set commercial terms on
which Arconic sells products to its customers. These terms are influenced by industry custom, market conditions, product line
(specialty versus commodity products), and other considerations.
In certain circumstances, Arconic receives advanced payments from its customers for product to be delivered in future periods.
These advanced payments are recorded as deferred revenue until the product is delivered and title and risk of loss have passed
to the customer in accordance with the terms of the contract. Deferred revenue is included in Other current liabilities and Other
noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Environmental Matters. Expenditures for current operations are expensed or capitalized, as appropriate. Expenditures relating
to existing conditions caused by past operations, which will not contribute to future revenues, are expensed. Liabilities are
recorded when remediation costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The liability may include costs such as site
investigations, consultant fees, feasibility studies, outside contractors, and monitoring expenses. Estimates are generally not
discounted or reduced by potential claims for recovery. Claims for recovery are recognized when probable and as agreements
are reached with third parties. The estimates also include costs related to other potentially responsible parties to the extent that
Arconic has reason to believe such parties will not fully pay their proportionate share. The liability is continuously reviewed
and adjusted to reflect current remediation progress, prospective estimates of required activity, and other factors that may be
relevant, including changes in technology or regulations.
Litigation Matters. For asserted claims and assessments, liabilities are recorded when an unfavorable outcome of a matter is
61
deemed to be probable and the loss is reasonably estimable. Management determines the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome
based on many factors such as the nature of the matter, available defenses and case strategy, progress of the matter, views and
opinions of legal counsel and other advisors, applicability and success of appeals processes, and the outcome of similar
historical matters, among others. Once an unfavorable outcome is deemed probable, management weighs the probability of
estimated losses, and the most reasonable loss estimate is recorded. If an unfavorable outcome of a matter is deemed to be
reasonably possible, then the matter is disclosed and no liability is recorded. With respect to unasserted claims or assessments,
management must first determine that the probability that an assertion will be made is likely, then, a determination as to the
likelihood of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to reasonably estimate the potential loss is made. Legal matters are
reviewed on a continuous basis to determine if there has been a change in management’s judgment regarding the likelihood of
an unfavorable outcome or the estimate of a potential loss.
Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income
taxes. Under this approach, the provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable (or received or receivable)
for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences
expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid, and result from differences between
the financial and tax bases of Arconic’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when
enacted.
Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be
realized. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all potential sources of taxable income,
including income available in carryback periods, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, projections of taxable
income, and income from tax planning strategies, as well as all available positive and negative evidence. Positive evidence
includes factors such as a history of profitable operations, projections of future profitability within the carryforward period,
including from tax planning strategies, and Arconic’s experience with similar operations. Existing favorable contracts and the
ability to sell products into established markets are additional positive evidence. Negative evidence includes items such as
cumulative losses, projections of future losses, or carryforward periods that are not long enough to allow for the utilization of a
deferred tax asset based on existing projections of income. Deferred tax assets for which no valuation allowance is recorded
may not be realized upon changes in facts and circumstances, resulting in a future charge to establish a valuation allowance.
Existing valuation allowances are re-examined under the same standards of positive and negative evidence. If it is determined
that it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will be realized, the appropriate amount of the valuation allowance, if
any, is released. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are also re-measured to reflect changes in underlying tax rates due to law
changes and the granting and lapse of tax holidays.
In 2018, Arconic made a final accounting policy election to apply a tax law ordering approach when considering the need for a
valuation allowance on net operating losses expected to offset Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (GILTI) income
inclusions. Under this approach, reductions in cash tax savings are not considered as part of the valuation allowance
assessment. Instead, future GILTI inclusions are considered a source of taxable income that support the realizability of
deferred tax assets.
Tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return are recorded when such benefits
meet a more likely than not threshold. Otherwise, these tax benefits are recorded when a tax position has been effectively
settled, which means that the statute of limitations has expired or the appropriate taxing authority has completed their
examination even though the statute of limitations remains open. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are
recognized as part of the provision for income taxes and are accrued beginning in the period that such interest and penalties
would be applicable under relevant tax law until such time that the related tax benefits are recognized.
Stock-Based Compensation. Arconic recognizes compensation expense for employee equity grants using the non-substantive
vesting period approach, in which the expense is recognized ratably over the requisite service period based on the grant date
fair value. Forfeitures are accounted for as they occur. The fair value of new stock options is estimated on the date of grant
using a lattice-pricing model. The fair value of performance awards containing a market condition is valued using a Monte
Carlo valuation model. Determining the fair value at the grant date requires judgment, including estimates for the average risk-
free interest rate, dividend yield, volatility, and exercise behavior. These assumptions may differ significantly between grant
dates because of changes in the actual results of these inputs that occur over time.
Foreign Currency. The local currency is the functional currency for Arconic’s significant operations outside the United States,
except for certain operations in Canada and Russia, where the U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency. The determination
of the functional currency for Arconic’s operations is made based on the appropriate economic and management indicators.
Acquisitions. Arconic’s business acquisitions are accounted for using the acquisition method. The purchase price is allocated to
the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. Any excess purchase price over the fair value of
the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. For all acquisitions, operating results are included in the Statement of
Consolidated Operations from the date of the acquisition.
62
Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale. For those businesses where management has committed to a plan to
divest, each business is valued at the lower of its carrying amount or estimated fair value less cost to sell. If the carrying
amount of the business exceeds its estimated fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. Fair value is estimated using
accepted valuation techniques such as a DCF model, valuations performed by third parties, earnings multiples, or indicative
bids, when available. A number of significant estimates and assumptions are involved in the application of these techniques,
including the forecasting of markets and market share, sales volumes and prices, costs and expenses, and multiple other factors.
Management considers historical experience and all available information at the time the estimates are made; however, the fair
value that is ultimately realized upon the divestiture of a business may differ from the estimated fair value reflected in the
Consolidated Financial Statements. Depreciation and amortization expense is not recorded on assets of a business to be
divested once they are classified as held for sale. Businesses to be divested are generally classified in the Consolidated
Financial Statements as either discontinued operations or held for sale.
For businesses classified as discontinued operations, the balance sheet amounts and results of operations are reclassified from
their historical presentation to assets and liabilities of discontinued operations on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and to
discontinued operations on the Statement of Consolidated Operations, respectively, for all periods presented. The gains or
losses associated with these divested businesses are recorded in discontinued operations on the Statement of Consolidated
Operations. The Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows is not required to be reclassified for discontinued operations for any
period. Segment information does not include the assets or operating results of businesses classified as discontinued operations
for all periods presented. These businesses are expected to be disposed of within one year.
For businesses classified as held for sale that do not qualify for discontinued operations treatment, the balance sheet and cash
flow amounts are reclassified from their historical presentation to assets and liabilities of operations held for sale for all periods
presented. The results of operations continue to be reported in continuing operations. The gains or losses associated with these
divested businesses are recorded in Restructuring and other charges on the Statement of Consolidated Operations. The segment
information includes the assets and operating results of businesses classified as held for sale for all periods presented.
Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance. In May 2014, the FASB issued changes to the recognition of revenue from contracts
with customers. These changes created a comprehensive framework for all entities in all industries to apply in the
determination of when to recognize revenue and, therefore, supersede virtually all existing revenue recognition requirements
and guidance. This framework is expected to result in less complex guidance in application while providing a consistent and
comparable methodology for revenue recognition. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue
to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity
expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this principle, an entity should apply the following
steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract(s), (iii) determine the
transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract(s), and (v) recognize revenue
when, or as, the entity satisfies a performance obligation. These changes became effective for Arconic on January 1, 2018.
Arconic adopted this new guidance using the modified retrospective transition approach applied to those contracts that were not
completed as of January 1, 2018. There was no cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the
Consolidated Balance Sheet in 2018, as the adoption did not result in a change to our timing of revenue recognition, which
continues to be at a point in time. See the Revenue Recognition policy above.
In January 2016, the FASB issued changes to equity investments. These changes require equity investments (except those
accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair
value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. However, an entity may choose to measure equity investments that
do not have readily determinable fair values using the measurement alternative of cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus
changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same
issuer. Also, the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values has been simplified by
requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. Also, the new guidance required changes in fair value of equity
securities to be recognized immediately as a component of net income instead of being reported in accumulated other
comprehensive loss until the gain (loss) is realized. These changes became effective for Arconic on January 1, 2018 and have
been applied on a prospective basis. Arconic elected the measurement alternative for its equity investments that do not have
readily determinable fair values. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued changes to the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments within the statement
of cash flows. The guidance identifies eight specific cash flow items and the sections where they must be presented within the
statement of cash flows. These changes became effective for Arconic on January 1, 2018 and have been be applied
retrospectively. As a result of the adoption, Arconic reclassified cash received related to beneficial interest in previously
transferred trade accounts receivable from operating activities to investing activities in the Statement of Consolidated Cash
Flows. This new accounting standard does not reflect a change in our underlying business or activities. The reclassification of
cash received related to beneficial interest in previously transferred trade accounts receivable was $792 and $778 for 2017 and
63
2016, respectively. In addition, Arconic reclassified $52 and $3 of cash paid for debt prepayments including extinguishment
costs from operating activities to financing activities for 2017 and 2016, respectively.
In November 2016, the FASB issued changes to the classification of cash and cash equivalents within the statement of cash
flow. Restricted cash and cash equivalents will be included within the cash and cash equivalents line on the cash flow statement
and a reconciliation must be prepared to the statement of financial position. Transfers between restricted cash and cash
equivalents and cash and cash equivalents will no longer be presented as cash flow activities in the Statement of Consolidated
Cash Flows and for material balances of restricted cash and cash equivalents, Arconic will disclose information regarding the
nature of the restrictions. These changes became effective for Arconic on January 1, 2018 and have been applied
retrospectively. Management has determined that the adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Statement
of Consolidated Cash Flows. Restricted cash was $6, $4, and $15 in 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.
In March 2017, the FASB issued changes to the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement
benefit cost. The new guidance requires registrants to present the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost in the
same income statement line item or items as other employee compensation costs arising from services rendered during the
period. Also, only the service cost component will be eligible for asset capitalization. Registrants will present the other
components of net periodic benefit cost separately from the service cost component; and, the line item or items used in the
income statement to present the other components of net periodic benefit cost must be disclosed. These changes became
effective for Arconic on January 1, 2018 and were adopted retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component
and the other components of net periodic benefit cost in the Statement of Consolidated Operations, and prospectively for the
asset capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost. The Company recorded the service related net
periodic benefit cost within Cost of goods sold, Selling, general administrative, and other expenses and Research and
development expenses and recorded the non-service related net periodic benefit cost (except for the curtailment cost which was
recorded in Restructuring and other charges) separately from service cost in Other expense (income), net within the Statement
of Consolidated Operations. The impact of the retrospective adoption of this guidance was an increase to consolidated
Operating income of $154 and $135, while there was no impact to consolidated Net income, for 2017 and 2016, respectively.
In May 2017, the FASB issued clarification to guidance on the modification accounting criteria for share-based payment
awards. The new guidance requires registrants to apply modification accounting unless three specific criteria are met. The three
criteria are 1) the fair value of the award is the same before and after the modification, 2) the vesting conditions are the same
before and after the modification and 3) the classification as a debt or equity award is the same before and after the
modification. These changes became effective for Arconic on January 1, 2018 and were applied prospectively to new awards
modified after adoption. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
In February 2018, the FASB issued guidance that allows an optional reclassification from Accumulated other comprehensive
loss to Accumulated deficit for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017.
Stranded tax effects were created when deferred taxes, originally established in Other comprehensive income at 35%, were
revalued to 21% as a component of income tax expense from continuing operations. The Company elected to early adopt this
provision in the fourth quarter of 2018 and reclassified $367 of beneficial stranded tax effects in Accumulated other
comprehensive loss to Accumulated deficit in its Consolidated Balance Sheet and Statement of Changes in Consolidated
Equity.
In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance which requires cloud computing arrangement implementation costs to be accounted
for in accordance with the software stage model, regardless of whether or not the cloud computing arrangement contains a
license. Arconic adopted this guidance in the third quarter of 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material
impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Also, in August 2018, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued guidance to eliminate or modify certain
disclosure requirements that have become redundant, overlapping, outdated or superseded in light of other SEC rules, GAAP or
changes in the information environment. This guidance became effective on November 5, 2018 and will be applied to filings
thereafter. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Guidance. In February 2016, the FASB issued changes to the accounting and presentation of
leases. These changes require lessees to recognize a right of use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with
terms longer than 12 months. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy
election by class of underlying asset not to recognize a right of use asset and lease liability. Also, when measuring assets and
liabilities arising from a lease, optional payments should be included only if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an
option to extend the lease, exercise a purchase option, or not exercise an option to terminate the lease. As originally released,
the standards update required application at the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented at the time of adoption.
However, in July 2018, the FASB provided entities the option to instead apply the provisions of the new leases guidance at the
effective date, without adjusting the comparative periods presented. The Company expects to apply the provisions of the new
64
leases guidance at the effective date, without adjusting the comparative periods presented. These changes became effective for
Arconic on January 1, 2019.
Arconic’s current operating lease portfolio is primarily comprised of land and buildings, plant equipment, vehicles, and
computer equipment. A cross-functional implementation team has determined the scope of arrangements that will be subject to
this standard and continues to assess the impact to the Company’s systems, processes and internal controls. Arconic has
contracted with a third-party vendor to implement a software solution. Concurrently, Arconic has been compiling and uploading
lease data into the software solution to account for leases under the new standard. Management continues to evaluate the
impact of these changes on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, which will require right of use assets and lease liabilities be
recorded for operating leases. Arconic anticipates the impact of adoption on January 1, 2019 will result in a right of use asset
and total lease liability related to operating leases in the range of $300 to $340, while the accounting for capital leases will
remain unchanged. The adoption is not expected to have a material impact on the Statement of Consolidated Operations or
Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows.
In June 2016, the FASB added a new impairment model (known as the current expected credit loss (CECL) model) that is
based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Under the new guidance, an entity recognizes as an allowance its estimate
of expected credit losses. The CECL model applies to most debt instruments, trade receivables, lease receivables, financial
guarantee contracts, and other loan commitments. The CECL model does not have a minimum threshold for recognition of
impairment losses and entities will need to measure expected credit losses on assets that have a low risk of loss. These changes
become effective for Arconic on January 1, 2020. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact of these changes on
the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In August 2017, the FASB issued guidance that will make more financial and nonfinancial hedging strategies eligible for hedge
accounting. It also amends the presentation and disclosure requirements and changes how companies assess effectiveness. It is
intended to more closely align hedge accounting with companies’ risk management strategies, simplify the application of hedge
accounting, and increase transparency as to the scope and results of hedging programs. These changes became effective for
Arconic on January 1, 2019. For cash flow and net investment hedges existing at the date of adoption, Arconic will apply a
cumulative-effect adjustment related to eliminating the separate measurement of ineffectiveness to Accumulated other
comprehensive loss with a corresponding adjustment to the opening balance of Accumulated deficit as of the beginning of the
fiscal year in which the amendment is adopted. The amended presentation and disclosure guidance is required only
prospectively. Arconic has engaged a third-party consultant to assist with a review of the Company’s risk management and
hedging strategies, with any changes to be implemented in conjunction with the adoption of the new guidance. Under the new
guidance, Management expects to utilize cash flow hedge accounting of its variable priced purchases and sales. Management
determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance that impacts disclosures for defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement
benefit plans. These changes become effective for Arconic's annual report for the year ending December 31, 2020, with early
adoption permitted. Management has determined that the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the
Consolidated Financial Statements. 20.
65
B. Revenue from Contracts with Customers
The following table disaggregates revenue by major end market served. Differences between segment totals and consolidated
Arconic are in Corporate. In 2018, Corporate included $38 of costs related to settlements of certain customer claims primarily
related to product introductions.
For the year ended December 31,
2018
Aerospace
Transportation
Building and construction
Industrial and Other
Total end-market revenue
2017
Aerospace
Transportation
Building and construction
Industrial and Other
Total end-market revenue
2016
Aerospace
Transportation
Building and construction
Industrial and Other
Total end-market revenue
Engineered
Products and
Solutions
Global Rolled
Products
Transportation
and Construction
Solutions
Total
Segment
$
$
$
$
$
$
4,947
$
891
$
— $
440
—
929
2,443
217
2,053
969
1,150
7
5,838
3,852
1,367
2,989
6,316
$
5,604
$
2,126
$
14,046
4,572
$
883
$
— $
383
—
988
5,943
$
1,981
204
1,932
5,000
347
—
1,023
5,728
$
1,577
200
2,146
4,865
$
2,011
$
12,954
805
1,113
93
708
1,060
34
5,455
3,169
1,317
3,013
5,300
2,632
1,260
3,203
$
1,802
$
12,395
4,358
$
942
$
— $
C. Segment and Geographic Area Information
Arconic is a global leader in lightweight metals engineering and manufacturing. Arconic’s innovative, multi-material products,
which include aluminum, titanium, and nickel, are used worldwide in aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation,
building and construction, industrial applications, defense, and packaging. Arconic’s segments are organized by product on a
worldwide basis. In the first quarter of 2018, the Company changed its primary measure of segment performance from
Adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) to Segment operating profit,
which more closely aligns segment performance with Operating income as presented in the Statement of Consolidated
Operations. Segment performance under Arconic’s management reporting system is evaluated based on a number of factors;
however, the primary measure of performance is Segment operating profit. Arconic’s definition of Segment operating profit is
Operating income excluding Special items. Special items include Restructuring and other charges and Impairment of goodwill.
Segment operating profit also includes certain items that, under the previous segment performance measure, were recorded in
Corporate, such as the impact of LIFO inventory accounting, metal price lag, intersegment profit eliminations, and derivative
activities. Segment operating profit may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Differences
between segment totals and consolidated Arconic are in Corporate. Prior period financial information has been recast to
conform to current year presentation.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
(see Note A). Transactions among segments are established based on negotiation among the parties. Differences between
segment totals and Arconic’s consolidated totals for line items not reconciled are in Corporate.
Arconic’s operations consist of three worldwide reportable segments as follows:
Engineered Products and Solutions. This segment produces products that are used primarily in the aerospace (commercial
and defense), industrial, commercial transportation, and power generation end markets. Such products include fastening
systems (titanium, steel, and nickel superalloys); seamless rolled rings (mostly nickel superalloys); investment castings (nickel
superalloys, titanium, and aluminum), including airfoils and forged jet engine components (e.g., jet engine disks); and extruded,
66
machined and formed aircraft parts (titanium and aluminum), all of which are sold directly to customers and through
distributors. More than 75% of the third-party sales in this segment are from the aerospace end market. A small part of this
segment also produces various forged, extruded, and machined metal products (titanium, aluminum and steel) for the oil and
gas, automotive, and land and sea defense end markets. Seasonal decreases in sales are generally experienced in the third
quarter of the year due to the European summer slowdown across all end markets.
Global Rolled Products. This segment produces aluminum sheet and plate for a variety of end markets. Sheet and plate is sold
directly to customers and through distributors related to the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation, packaging,
building and construction, and industrial products (mainly used in the production of machinery and equipment and consumer
durables) end markets. A small portion of this segment also produces aseptic foil for the packaging end market. While the
customer base for flat-rolled products is large, a significant amount of sales of sheet and plate is to a relatively small number of
customers.
Transportation and Construction Solutions. This segment produces products that are used mostly in the commercial
transportation and nonresidential building and construction end markets. Such products include integrated aluminum structural
systems, architectural extrusions, and forged aluminum commercial vehicle wheels, which are sold both directly to customers
and through distributors. A small part of this segment also produces aluminum products for the industrial products end market.
67
The operating results and assets of Arconic’s reportable segments were as follows:
Engineered
Products
and
Solutions
Global
Rolled
Products
Transportation
and Construction
Solutions
Total
2018
Sales:
Third-party sales
Intersegment sales
Total sales
Profit and loss:
Segment operating profit
Restructuring and other charges
Provision for depreciation and amortization
2017
Sales:
Third-party sales
Intersegment sales
Total sales
Profit and loss:
Segment operating profit
Restructuring and other charges
Provision for depreciation and amortization
2016
Sales:
Third-party sales
Intersegment sales
Total sales
Profit and loss:
Segment operating profit
Restructuring and other charges
Provision for depreciation and amortization
2018
Assets:
Capital expenditures
Goodwill
Total assets
2017
Assets:
Capital expenditures
Goodwill
Total assets
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
6,316
—
6,316
891
71
282
5,943
—
5,943
964
30
268
5,728
—
5,728
955
78
255
349
4,179
10,346
308
4,205
10,325
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
5,604
160
5,764
386
(156)
212
5,000
148
5,148
424
72
205
4,865
118
4,983
421
40
201
255
245
3,934
178
252
3,955
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
2,126
—
2,126
304
1
50
2,011
—
2,011
290
52
50
1,802
—
1,802
246
14
48
111
76
1,089
57
78
1,041
14,046
160
14,206
1,581
(84)
544
12,954
148
13,102
1,678
154
523
12,395
118
12,513
1,622
132
504
715
4,500
15,369
543
4,535
15,321
The following tables reconcile certain segment information to consolidated totals:
For the year ended December 31,
Sales:
Total segment sales
Elimination of intersegment sales
Corporate
Consolidated sales
2018
2017
2016
$
$
14,206
(160)
(32)
14,014
$
$
13,102
(148)
6
12,960
$
$
12,513
(118)
(1)
12,394
68
2018
2017
2016
1,581
$
1,678
$
1,622
(719)
(165)
(314)
480
(496)
486
470
$
$
—
(155)
(513)
954
(499)
(41)
414
2018
2017
15,369
$
15,321
For the year ended December 31,
Total segment operating profit
Unallocated amounts:
Impairment of goodwill
Restructuring and other charges
Corporate expense
Consolidated operating income
Interest expense
Other (expense) income, net
Consolidated income before income taxes
December 31,
Assets:
Total segment assets
Unallocated amounts:
Cash and cash equivalents
Deferred income taxes
Corporate fixed assets, net
Fair value of derivative contracts
Other
Consolidated assets
Sales by major product grouping were as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
Sales:
Innovative flat-rolled products
Engines
Engineered structures
Fastening systems
Architectural aluminum systems
Aluminum wheels
Other
$
$
$
$
$
—
(9)
(247)
1,325
(378)
(79)
868
2018
5,588
2,940
1,839
1,531
1,140
969
7
14,014
$
$
$
$
$
$
Geographic information for sales was as follows (based upon the country where the point of sale occurred):
For the year ended December 31,
Sales:
United States
France
Hungary
United Kingdom
China
Russia
Germany
Canada
Brazil
Japan
Other
2018
2017
$
$
9,137
936
823
737
632
553
302
285
214
170
225
14,014
$
$
8,167
965
739
721
615
500
309
261
285
141
257
12,960
69
2,277
573
305
37
132
18,693
2017
4,992
2,708
1,743
1,484
1,065
805
163
12,960
2,150
743
310
91
103
18,718
2016
4,864
2,560
1,683
1,463
1,010
689
125
12,394
2016
7,823
930
619
711
582
433
284
262
250
145
355
12,394
$
$
$
$
$
Geographic information for long-lived assets was as follows (based upon the physical location of the assets):
December 31,
Long-lived assets:
United States
China
Hungary
Russia
United Kingdom
France
Germany
Canada
Brazil
Other
2018
2017
4,148
326
257
253
253
163
84
61
54
105
5,704
$
$
4,005
347
227
276
259
159
88
63
62
108
5,594
$
$
D. Restructuring and Other Charges
Restructuring and other charges for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2018 were comprised of the
following:
2018
2017
2016
Asset impairments
Layoff costs
Pension and Other postretirement benefits - net settlement and curtailment
charges
Net (gain) loss on divestitures of assets and businesses (T)
Other
Reversals of previously recorded layoff costs
Restructuring and other charges
$
$
13
20
91
(109)
13
(19)
9
$
$
58
64
—
57
(3)
(11)
165
$
$
80
68
2
3
27
(25)
155
Layoff costs were recorded based on approved detailed action plans submitted by the operating locations that specified
positions to be eliminated, benefits to be paid under existing severance plans, union contracts or statutory requirements, and the
expected timetable for completion of the plans.
2018 Actions. In 2018, Arconic recorded Restructuring and other charges of $9 ($9 after-tax), which included a net gain on the
sale of several assets and businesses of $109 ($81 after-tax), primarily made up of a gain on the asset sale of Texarkana of $154
($119 after-tax) and loss on the sale of the Eger, Hungary forgings business of $43 ($39 after-tax) (see note T); charges of $96
($75 after-tax) for pension settlement and $23 ($18 after-tax) for pension curtailment; a postretirement curtailment benefit of
$28 ($22 after-tax) (see note G); and a charge of $20 ($17 after-tax) for layoff costs, including the separation of approximately
125 employees (89 in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment and 36 in Corporate); a charge of $12 ($9 after-tax) for
contract termination costs and asset impairments associated with the shutdown of a facility in Acuna, Mexico; a charge of $6
($4 after-tax) for contract termination costs related to the New York office; a charge of $8 ($4 after-tax) for other miscellaneous
items including accelerated depreciation and asset impairments; and a benefit of $19 ($15 after-tax) for the reversal of a
number of layoff reserves related to prior periods.
As of December 31, 2018, approximately 110 of the 125 employees were separated. The remaining separations for 2018
restructuring programs are expected to be completed by the end of 2019. In 2018, cash payments of $9 were made against
layoff reserves related to the 2018 restructuring programs.
2017 Actions. In 2017, Arconic recorded Restructuring and other charges of $165 ($143 after-tax), which were comprised of
the following components: $69 ($47 after-tax) for layoff costs related to cost reduction initiatives including the separation of
approximately 880 employees (400 in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment, 245 in the Global Rolled Products
segment, 135 in the Transportation and Construction Solutions segment, and 100 in Corporate), a charge of $60 ($60 after-tax)
related to the sale of the Fusina, Italy rolling mill; a charge of $41 ($41 after-tax) for the impairment of assets associated with
the sale of the Latin America extrusions business (see Note T); a net benefit of $6 ($4 after-tax) for the reversal of forfeited
executive stock compensation of $13, partially offset by a charge of $7 for the related severance; a net charge of $12 ($7 after-
70
tax) for other miscellaneous items; and a favorable benefit of $11 ($8 after-tax) for the reversal of a number of small layoff
reserves related to prior periods.
As of December 31, 2018, approximately 570 of the 660 employees (previously 760) were separated. The total number of
employees associated with 2017 restructuring programs was updated to reflect employees, who were initially identified for
separation, accepting other positions within Arconic and natural attrition. The remaining separations for 2017 restructuring
programs are expected to be completed by the end of 2019. In 2018 and 2017, cash payments of $34 and $28, respectively,
were made against layoff reserves related to 2017 restructuring programs.
2016 Actions. In 2016, Arconic recorded Restructuring and other charges of $155 ($114 after-tax), which were comprised of
the following components: $57 ($46 after-tax) for costs related to the exit of certain legacy Firth Rixson operations in the U.K.;
$37 ($24 after-tax) for exit costs related to the decision to permanently shut down a can sheet facility; $20 ($14 after-tax) for
costs related to the closures of five facilities, primarily in the Transportation and Construction Solutions segment and
Engineered Products and Solutions segment, including the separation of approximately 280 employees; $53 ($33 after-tax) for
other layoff costs, including the separation of approximately 1,315 employees (1,045 in the Engineered Products and Solutions
segment, 210 in Corporate, 30 in the Global Rolled Products segment, and 30 in the Transportation and Construction Solutions
segment); $11 ($8 after-tax) for other miscellaneous items, including $3 ($2 after-tax) for the sale of Remmele Medical, an RTI
subsidiary; $2 ($1 after-tax) for a pension settlement; and $25 ($12 after-tax) for the reversal of a number of small layoff
reserves related to prior periods.
In 2016, management made the decision to exit certain legacy Firth Rixson facilities in the U.K. Costs related to these actions
included asset impairments and accelerated depreciation of $51; other exit costs of $4; and $2 for the separation of 60
employees.
Also in 2016, management approved the shutdown and demolition of the can sheet facility in Tennessee upon completion of the
Toll Processing and Services Agreement with Alcoa Corporation. Costs related to this action included $21 in asset impairments;
$9 in other exit costs; and $7 for the separation of 145 employees. The other exit costs of $9 represent $4 in asset retirement
obligations and $3 in environmental remediation, both of which were triggered by the decision to permanently shut down and
demolish the can sheet facility in Tennessee, and $2 in other exit costs.
As of December 31, 2018, the separations associated with the 2016 restructuring programs were essentially complete. In 2018,
2017, and 2016, cash payments of $4, $26, and $16, respectively, were made against layoff reserves related to 2016
restructuring programs.
Activity and reserve balances for restructuring charges were as follows:
Reserve balances at December 31, 2015
2016
Cash payments
Restructuring charges
Other(1)
Reserve balances at December 31, 2016
2017
Cash payments
Restructuring charges
Other(2)
Reserve balances at December 31, 2017
2018
Cash payments
Restructuring charges
Other(3)
Reserve balances at December 31, 2018
Layoff
costs
Other
exit costs
Total
$
$
$
$
$
$
84
$
9
$
(73)
70
(31)
50
$
(59) $
64
1
56
$
(47) $
111
(110)
10
$
(13)
27
(14)
9
$
(6) $
1
(2)
2
$
(2) $
13
2
15
$
93
(86)
97
(45)
59
(65)
65
(1)
58
(49)
124
(108)
25
(1)
In 2016, Other for layoff costs included reversals of previously recorded restructuring charges of $25, effects of
foreign currency translation and other of $4, and a reclassification of $2 in pension costs, as the impact was reflected
in Arconic’s separate liability for Accrued pension benefits. Other for other exit costs included reclassifications of $8
in asset retirement and $2 in environmental obligations, as the impacts were reflected in Arconic’s separate liabilities
71
for asset retirement obligations and environmental remediation, and a reclassification of $4 in legal obligations, as the
impact was included in Arconic’s separate liability for legal costs.
(2)
(3)
In 2017, Other for layoff costs included a reclassification of a stock awards reversal of $13, offset by reversals of
previously recorded restructuring charges of $11 and foreign currency translation of $1.
In 2018, Other for layoff costs included reclassifications of $119 in pension costs and a $28 credit in postretirement
benefits, as the impacts were reflected in Arconic's separate liabilities for Accrued pension benefits and Accrued
postretirement benefits, and reversals of previously recorded restructuring charges of $19.
The remaining reserves are expected to be paid in cash during 2019, with the exception of approximately $5 to $7, which is
expected to be paid over the next several years for lease termination costs.
E. Interest Cost Components
For the year ended December 31,
Amount charged to expense
Amount capitalized
F. Other Expense (Income), Net
For the year ended December 31,
Non-service related net periodic benefit cost
Interest income
Foreign currency losses (gains), net
Net loss (gain) from asset sales
Other, net
2018
2017
2016
$
$
$
$
2018
378
23
401
112
(23)
26
10
(46)
79
$
$
$
$
496
22
518
$
$
2017
2016
$
154
(19)
(5)
(513)
(103)
(486) $
499
32
531
135
(16)
(4)
11
(85)
41
In 2018, Non-service related net periodic benefit cost included lower net actuarial losses as a result of pension actions taken
during 2018 (see Note G) and Other, net included a benefit from establishing a tax indemnification receivable of $29 reflecting
Alcoa Corporation’s 49% share of a Spanish tax reserve (see Note U). In 2017, Net loss (gain) from asset sales included a gain
on the sale of a portion of Arconic’s investment in Alcoa Corporation common stock of $351 (see Note V) and a gain of $167
on the Debt-for-Equity Exchange (see Note V). In 2017, Other, net included an adjustment of $81 to the contingent earn-out
liability related to the 2014 acquisition of Firth Rixson (see Note T) and an adjustment of $25 associated with a separation-
related guarantee liability (see Note U). In 2016, Non-service related net periodic benefit cost included a reduction of the
recognition of actuarial losses and a methodology change in the calculation of interest cost, which were partially offset by the
reduction in the expected return on plan assets. In 2016, Other, net included an adjustment of $56 to the contingent earn-out
liability and a post-closing adjustment of $20, both related to the acquisition of Firth Rixson.
72
G. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Arconic maintains pension plans covering most U.S. employees and certain employees in foreign locations. Pension benefits
generally depend on length of service, job grade, and remuneration. Substantially all benefits are paid through pension trusts
that are sufficiently funded to ensure that all plans can pay benefits to retirees as they become due. Most salaried and non-
bargaining hourly U.S. employees hired after March 1, 2006 participate in a defined contribution plan instead of a defined
benefit plan.
Arconic also maintains health care and life insurance postretirement benefit plans covering eligible U.S. retired employees and
certain retirees from foreign locations. Generally, the medical plans are unfunded and pay a percentage of medical expenses,
reduced by deductibles and other coverage. Life benefits are generally provided by insurance contracts. Arconic retains the
right, subject to existing agreements, to change or eliminate these benefits. All salaried and certain non-bargaining hourly U.S.
employees hired after January 1, 2002 and certain bargaining hourly U.S. employees hired after July 1, 2010 are not eligible for
postretirement health care benefits. All salaried and certain hourly U.S. employees that retire on or after April 1, 2008 are not
eligible for postretirement life insurance benefits.
Effective January 1, 2015, Arconic no longer offers postretirement health care benefits to Medicare-eligible, primarily non-
bargaining, U.S. retirees through Company-sponsored plans. Qualifying retirees (hired prior to January 1, 2002), both current
and future, may access these benefits in the marketplace by purchasing coverage directly from insurance carriers.
In the first quarter of 2018, the Company announced that, effective April 1, 2018, benefit accruals for future service and
compensation under all of the Company's qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension plans for U.S. salaried and non-
bargaining hourly employees ceased. As a result of this change, in the first quarter of 2018, the Company recorded a decrease to
the Accrued pension benefits liability of $136 related to the reduction of future benefits, $141 offset in Accumulated other
comprehensive loss, and curtailment charges of $5 in Restructuring and other charges.
On April 13, 2018, the United Auto Workers ratified a new five-year labor agreement, covering approximately 1,300 U.S.
employees of Arconic, which expires on March 31, 2023. A provision within the agreement includes a retirement benefit
increase for future retirees that participate in a defined benefit pension plan, which impacts approximately 300 of those
employees. In addition, effective January 1, 2019, benefit accruals for future service will cease. As result of these changes, a
curtailment charge of $9 was recorded in Restructuring and other charges in the second quarter of 2018.
In the third quarter of 2018, the Company announced that effective December 31, 2018, it will end all pre-Medicare medical,
prescription drug and vision coverage for current and future salaried and non-bargained hourly employees and retirees of the
Company and its subsidiaries. As a result of this change, in the third quarter of 2018, the Company recorded a decrease to the
Accrued other postretirement benefits liability of $32 related to the reduction of future benefits, $4 offset in Accumulated other
comprehensive loss, and a curtailment benefit of $28 in Restructuring and other charges.
In the fourth quarter, the company communicated to plan participants that effective in the first quarter of 2019, benefit accruals
for future service and compensation for employees in the United Kingdom defined benefit pension plans will cease. The plan
curtailment resulted in a $13 decrease in the Accrued pension benefits liability which was offset in Accumulated other
comprehensive loss. Additionally, on October 29, 2018, the United Kingdom High Court ruled that defined benefit pension
plans offering Guaranteed Minimum Pensions must review benefits accrued between May 1990 to April 1997 to ensure gender
pay equality. The review resulted in an increase to the Accrued pension benefits liability of $9 and a corresponding curtailment
charge that was recorded in Restructuring and other charges.
In the third and fourth quarters of 2018, settlement accounting applied to certain U.S. pension plans due to lump sum payments
to participants, resulting in settlement charges of $96 that were recorded in Restructuring and other charges.
73
The funded status of all of Arconic’s pension and other postretirement benefit plans are measured as of December 31 each
calendar year.
Obligations and Funded Status
December 31,
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Amendments
Actuarial (gains) losses
Settlements
Curtailments
Benefits paid
Medicare Part D subsidy receipts
Foreign currency translation impact
Benefit obligation at end of year(1)
Change in plan assets(1)
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Employer contributions
Benefits paid
Administrative expenses
Settlements
Foreign currency translation impact
Fair value of plan assets at end of year(1)
Net funded status
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance
Sheet consist of:
Noncurrent assets
Current liabilities
Noncurrent liabilities
Net amount recognized
Amounts recognized in Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss consist of:
Net actuarial loss
Prior service cost (benefit)
Net amount recognized, before tax effect
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations
recognized in Other Comprehensive Loss consist of:
Net actuarial (gain) loss
Amortization of accumulated net actuarial loss
Prior service cost (benefit)
Amortization of prior service (cost) benefit
Net amount recognized, before tax effect
Pension benefits
2018
2017
Other
postretirement benefits
2017
2018
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
7,359
46
219
18
(372)
(146)
(154)
(422)
—
(72)
6,476
$
$
$
4,862
(144)
298
(397)
(33)
(178)
(74)
4,334
$
(2,142) $
$
111
(23)
(2,230)
(2,142) $
2,957
3
2,960
$
$
(19) $
(264)
19
(26)
(290) $
7,026
90
234
1
311
—
—
(425)
—
122
7,359
$
$
$
4,666
212
310
(404)
(33)
—
111
4,862
$
(2,497) $
$
89
(22)
(2,564)
(2,497) $
3,240
10
3,250
481
(220)
—
(5)
256
$
$
$
$
927
7
28
(25)
(51)
—
—
(86)
6
—
806
$
$
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
— $
(806) $
— $
(83)
(723)
(806) $
87
(27)
60
$
$
(52) $
(7)
(25)
35
(49) $
980
7
30
—
1
—
—
(98)
7
—
927
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(927)
—
(86)
(841)
(927)
146
(37)
109
1
(5)
—
8
4
(1)
At December 31, 2018, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, and funded status for U.S. pension plans were
$5,282, $3,123, and $(2,159), respectively. At December 31, 2017, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, and
funded status for U.S. pension plans were $6,018, $3,544, and $(2,474) respectively.
74
Pension Plan Benefit Obligations
Pension benefits
2018
2017
The projected benefit obligation and accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit
pension plans was as follows:
Projected benefit obligation
Accumulated benefit obligation
The aggregate projected benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for pension plans
with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets was as follows:
$
$
6,476
6,444
Projected benefit obligation
Fair value of plan assets
The aggregate accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for pension plans
with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets was as follows:
Accumulated benefit obligation
Fair value of plan assets
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
5,435
3,182
5,415
3,179
7,359
7,169
6,600
4,016
6,422
3,998
For the year ended December 31,
Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Recognized net actuarial loss
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit)
Settlements(3)
Curtailments(4)
Special termination benefits(5)
Net periodic benefit cost(6)
Discontinued operations
Net amount recognized in Statement of
Consolidated Operations
$
$
$
Pension benefits(1)
2017
2016
2018
Other postretirement benefits(2)
2016
2017
2018
$
$
46
219
(306)
168
3
96
23
—
249
—
$
$
90
234
(332)
220
5
—
—
—
217
—
$
$
155
431
(677)
380
13
19
—
2
323
122
$
$
7
28
—
7
(7)
—
(28)
—
7
—
$
$
7
30
—
5
(8)
—
—
—
34
—
249
$
217
$
201
$
7
$
34
$
13
63
—
24
(24)
—
—
—
76
41
35
Note:
the footnotes below include components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost related to Alcoa Corporation through the
completion of the Separation Transaction in 2016.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
In 2018, 2017 and 2016, net periodic benefit cost for U.S. pension plans was $239, $206, and $261, respectively.
In 2018, 2017 and 2016, net periodic benefit cost for other postretirement benefits reflects a reduction of $10, $11, and
$22, respectively, related to the recognition of the federal subsidy awarded under Medicare Part D.
In 2018 and 2016, settlements were due to workforce reductions (see Note D) and the payment of lump sum benefits
and/or purchases of annuity contracts.
In 2018, curtailments were due to a reduction of future benefits, resulting in the recognition of favorable and
unfavorable plan amendments.
In 2016, special termination benefits were due to workforce reductions (see Note D).
Amounts attributed to joint venture partners are not included. Service cost was included within Cost of goods sold,
Selling, general administrative, and other expenses, and Research and development expenses; curtailments and
settlements were included in Restructuring and other charges; and all other cost components were recorded in Other
expense (income), net in the Statement of Consolidated Operations.
75
Amounts Expected to be Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost
December 31,
Net actuarial loss recognition
Prior service cost (benefit) recognition
Assumptions
Pension benefits
2019
Other postretirement
benefits
2019
$
139
$
2
3
(4)
Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations for U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit plans
were as follows (assumptions for non-U.S. plans did not differ materially):
December 31,
Discount rate
Rate of compensation increase
Cash balance plan interest crediting rate
2018
2017
4.35%
3.50
3.00
3.75%
3.50
3.00
The discount rate is determined using a Company-specific yield curve model (above-median) developed with the assistance of
an external actuary. The cash flows of the plans’ projected benefit obligations are discounted using a single equivalent rate
derived from yields on high quality corporate bonds, which represent a broad diversification of issuers in various sectors,
including finance and banking, industrials, transportation, and utilities, among others. The yield curve model parallels the
plans’ projected cash flows, which have an average duration of 10 years. The underlying cash flows of the bonds included in
the model exceed the cash flows needed to satisfy the Company’s plans’ obligations multiple times.
The rate of compensation increase is based upon actual experience. For 2019, the rate of compensation increase will be 3.5%,
which approximates the five-year average.
Weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit
plans were as follows (assumptions for non-U.S. plans did not differ materially):
Discount rate to calculate service cost(1)
Discount rate to calculate interest cost(1)
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets
Rate of compensation increase
Cash balance plan interest crediting rate
2018
2017
2016
3.75%
3.30
7.00
3.50
3.00
4.20%
3.60
7.75
3.50
3.00
4.29%
3.15
7.75
3.50
3.00
(1)
In all periods presented, the respective discount rates were used to determine net periodic benefit cost for most U.S.
pension plans for the full annual period. However, the discount rates for a limited number of plans were updated
during 2018, 2017, and 2016 to reflect the remeasurement of these plans due to new union labor agreements,
settlements, and/or curtailments. The updated discount rates used were not significantly different from the discount
rates presented.
In conjunction with the annual measurement of the funded status of Arconic’s pension and other postretirement benefit plans at
December 31, 2015, management elected to change the manner in which the interest cost component of net periodic benefit
costs is determined in 2016 and beyond. Previously, the interest component was determined by multiplying the single
equivalent rate and the aggregate discounted cash flows of the plans’ projected benefit obligations. Under the new
methodology, the interest cost component is determined by aggregating the product of the discounted cash flows of the plans’
projected benefit obligations for each year and an individual spot rate (referred to as the “spot rate” approach). This change
resulted in a lower interest cost component of net periodic benefit cost under the new methodology compared to the previous
methodology in 2018, 2017, and 2016 of $24, $34, and $84, respectively, for pension plans and $4, $6, and $14, respectively,
for other postretirement benefit plans. Management believes this new methodology, which represents a change in an accounting
estimate, is a better measure of the interest cost as each year’s cash flows are specifically linked to the interest rates of bond
payments in the same respective year.
The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is generally applied to a five-year market-related value of plan assets (a
fair value at the plan measurement date is used for certain non-U.S. plans). The process used by management to develop this
assumption is one that relies on a combination of historical asset return information and forward-looking returns by asset class.
As it relates to historical asset return information, management focuses on various historical moving averages when developing
76
this assumption. While consideration is given to recent performance and historical returns, the assumption represents a long-
term, prospective return. Management also incorporates expected future returns on current and planned asset allocations using
information from various external investment managers and consultants, as well as management’s own judgment.
For 2018, 2017, and 2016, the expected long-term rate of return used by management was based on the prevailing and planned
strategic asset allocations, as well as estimates of future returns by asset class. These rates fell within the respective range of the
20-year moving average of actual performance and the expected future return developed by asset class. In 2018, management
reduced the expected long-term rate of return by 75 basis points due to a decrease in the expected return by asset class and the
20-year moving average. For 2019, management anticipates that 7.00% will be the expected long-term rate of return.
Assumed health care cost trend rates for U.S. other postretirement benefit plans were as follows (assumptions for non-U.S.
plans did not differ materially):
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
Rate to which the cost trend rate gradually declines
Year that the rate reaches the rate at which it is assumed to remain
2018
2017
2016
5.50%
4.50
2022
5.50%
4.50
2021
5.50%
4.50
2020
The assumed health care cost trend rate is used to measure the expected cost of gross eligible charges covered by Arconic’s
other postretirement benefit plans. For 2019, a 5.5% trend rate will be used, reflecting management’s best estimate of the
change in future health care costs covered by the plans. The plans’ actual annual health care cost trend experience over the past
three years has ranged from (3.3)% to (0.5)%. Management does not believe this three-year range is indicative of expected
increases for future health care costs over the long-term.
Assumed health care cost trend rates have an effect on the amounts reported for the health care plan. A one-percentage point
change in these assumed rates would have the following effects:
Effect on other postretirement benefit obligations
Effect on total of service and interest cost components
Plan Assets
1% increase
22
$
1
1% decrease
$
(22)
(1)
Arconic’s pension plans’ investment policy and weighted average asset allocations at December 31, 2018 and 2017, by asset
class, were as follows:
Asset class
Equities
Fixed income
Other investments
Total
Policy range
20–55%
25–55%
15–35%
Plan assets
at
December 31,
2018
2017
29%
48
23
100%
28%
47
25
100%
The principal objectives underlying the investment of the pension plans’ assets are to ensure that Arconic can properly fund
benefit obligations as they become due under a broad range of potential economic and financial scenarios, maximize the long-
term investment return with an acceptable level of risk based on such obligations, and broadly diversify investments across and
within various asset classes to protect asset values against adverse movements. Specific objectives for long-term investment
strategy include reducing the volatility of pension assets relative to pension liabilities and achieving diversification across the
balance of the asset portfolio. The use of derivative instruments is permitted where appropriate and necessary for achieving
overall investment policy objectives. The investment strategy has used long duration cash bonds and derivative instruments to
offset a portion of the interest rate sensitivity of U.S. pension liabilities. Exposure to broad equity risk has been decreased and
diversified through investments in discretionary and systematic macro hedge funds, long/short equity hedge funds, high yield
bonds, emerging market debt and global and emerging market equities. Investments are further diversified by strategy, asset
class, geography, and sector to enhance returns and mitigate downside risk. A large number of external investment managers
are used to gain broad exposure to the financial markets and to mitigate manager-concentration risk.
Investment practices comply with the requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and
other applicable laws and regulations.
77
The following section describes the valuation methodologies used by the trustees to measure the fair value of pension plan
assets, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which each type of asset is generally classified (see
Note R for the definition of fair value and a description of the fair value hierarchy).
Equities. These securities consist of: (i) direct investments in the stock of publicly traded U.S. and non-U.S. companies, and
equity derivatives, that are valued based on the closing price reported in an active market on which the individual securities are
traded (generally classified in Level 1); (ii) the plans’ share of commingled funds that are invested in the stock of publicly
traded companies and are valued at the net asset value of shares held at December 31 (included in Level 1); and (iii) direct
investments in long/short equity hedge funds and private equity (limited partnerships and venture capital partnerships) that are
valued at net asset value.
Fixed income. These securities consist of: (i) U.S. government debt that are generally valued using quoted prices (included in
Level 1); (ii) cash and cash equivalents invested in publicly-traded funds and are valued based on the closing price reported in
an active market on which the individual securities are traded (generally classified in Level 1); (iii) publicly traded U.S. and
non-U.S. fixed interest obligations (principally corporate bonds and debentures) and are valued through consultation and
evaluation with brokers in the institutional market using quoted prices and other observable market data (included in Level 2);
(iv) fixed income derivatives that are generally valued using industry standard models with market-based observable inputs
(included in Level 2); and (v) cash and cash equivalents invested in institutional funds and are valued at net asset value.
Other investments. These investments include, among others: (i) exchange traded funds, such as gold, and real estate
investment trusts and are valued based on the closing price reported in an active market on which the investments are traded
(included in Level 1) and (ii) direct investments of discretionary and systematic macro hedge funds and private real estate
(includes limited partnerships) and are valued at net asset value.
The fair value methods described above may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values.
Additionally, while Arconic believes the valuation methods used by the plans’ trustees are appropriate and consistent with other
market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial
instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.
78
The following table presents the fair value of pension plan assets classified under the appropriate level of the fair value
hierarchy or net asset cost:
December 31, 2018
Equities:
Equity securities
Long/short equity hedge funds
Private equity
Fixed income:
Intermediate and long duration government/credit
Other
Other investments:
Real estate
Discretionary and systematic macro hedge funds
Other
Net plan assets(1)
December 31, 2017
Equities
Equity securities
Long/short equity hedge funds
Private equity
Fixed income:
Intermediate and long duration government/credit
Other
Other investments:
Real estate
Discretionary and systematic macro hedge funds
Other
Net plan assets(2)
Level 1
Level 2
Net asset value
Total
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
318
—
—
318
200
9
209
81
—
56
137
664
Level 1
379
—
—
379
201
164
365
85
—
77
162
906
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
— $
—
—
— $
934
9
943
$
$
— $
—
—
— $
$
943
578
232
147
957
770
152
922
164
471
212
847
2,726
Level 2
Net Asset Value
— $
—
—
— $
981
8
989
$
$
— $
—
7
7
996
$
$
593
230
155
978
779
145
924
172
583
275
1,030
2,932
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
896
232
147
1,275
1,904
170
2,074
245
471
268
984
4,333
Total
972
230
155
1,357
1,961
317
2,278
257
583
359
1,199
4,834
(1)
(2)
As of December 31, 2018, the total fair value of pension plans’ assets excludes a net receivable of $1, which
represents securities purchased and sold but not yet settled plus interest and dividends earned on various investments.
As of December 31, 2017, the total fair value of pension plans’ assets excludes a net receivable of $28, which
represents assets due from Alcoa Corporation as a result of plan separations and securities sold not yet settled plus
interest and dividends earned on various investments.
79
Funding and Cash Flows
It is Arconic’s policy to fund amounts for pension plans sufficient to meet the minimum requirements set forth in applicable
country benefits laws and tax laws. Periodically, Arconic contributes additional amounts as deemed appropriate. In 2018 and
2017, cash contributions to Arconic’s pension plans were $298 and $310, respectively. The $298 includes $72 contributed to
the Company’s U.S. plans that was in excess of the minimum required under ERISA.
The minimum required contribution to pension plans in 2019 is estimated to be $255 (of which $230 is for U.S. plans) and
includes $34 related to an agreement reached with the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC), as discussed in the
following paragraph.
During the third quarter of 2016, the PBGC approved management’s plan to separate the Alcoa Inc. pension plans between
Arconic Inc. and Alcoa Corporation. The plan stipulates that Arconic will make cash contributions over a period of 30 months
(from November 1, 2016) to its two largest pension plans. Payments are expected to be made in three increments of no less than
$50 each ($150 total) over this 30-month period. The Company made payments of $50 in March 2018 and $50 in April 2017. In
the third quarter of 2018, the 2018 U.S. pension plan valuations were completed and additional pension contributions of $16
that were made in the first quarter of 2018 were able to be used to partially satisfy the third $50 requirement. The remaining
$34 payment is expected to be made in 2019. Through the end of 2018, $116 of pension contributions have been made toward
the $150 requirement.
Benefit payments expected to be paid to pension and other postretirement benefit plans’ participants and expected Medicare
Part D subsidy receipts are as follows utilizing the current assumptions outlined above:
For the year ended December 31,
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Thereafter
$
$
Defined Contribution Plans
Pension
benefits paid
Gross Other post-
retirement
benefits
Medicare Part D
subsidy receipts
Net Other post-
retirement
benefits
460
460
455
455
450
2,170
4,450
$
$
90
85
85
85
85
300
730
$
$
5
5
5
5
5
25
50
$
$
85
80
80
80
80
275
680
Arconic sponsors savings and investment plans in various countries, primarily in the United States. Arconic’s contributions and
expenses related to these plans were $123 in 2018, $89 in 2017, and $71 in 2016. In the United States, employees may
contribute a portion of their compensation to the plans, and Arconic matches a portion of these contributions in equivalent form
of the investments elected by the employee.
H. Income Taxes
The components of income from continuing operations before income taxes were as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
United States
Foreign
2018
2017
2016
$
$
518
350
868
$
$
500
(30)
470
$
$
84
330
414
80
The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:
For the year ended December 31,
Current:
Federal(1)
Foreign
State and local
Deferred:
Federal
Foreign
State and local
Total
(1)
Includes U.S. taxes related to foreign income
2018
2017
2016
$
$
45
138
4
187
146
(94)
(13)
39
226
$
$
— $
98
(2)
96
489
37
(78)
448
544
$
—
133
1
134
1,208
136
(2)
1,342
1,476
Arconic has unamortized tax-deductible goodwill of $26 resulting from intercompany stock sales and reorganizations. Arconic
recognizes the tax benefits (at a 25% rate) associated with this tax-deductible goodwill when it is amortized for local income
tax purposes rather than in the period in which the transaction is consummated.
A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory rate to Arconic’s effective tax rate was as follows (the effective tax rate for all
periods was a provision on income):
For the year ended December 31,
U.S. federal statutory rate
Taxes on foreign operations
U.S. State and local taxes
Federal benefit of state tax
Permanent differences on restructuring and other charges and asset
disposals(1)
Non-deductible acquisition costs
Statutory tax rate and law changes(2)
Tax holidays
Changes in valuation allowances
Impairment of goodwill
Company-owned life insurance/split-dollar net premiums
Changes in uncertain tax positions
Prior year tax adjustments
Other
Effective tax rate
2018
2017
2016
21.0%
4.0
1.5
(0.3)
35.0%
(8.8)
0.7
3.7
35.0%
(11.5)
(0.4)
0.4
(16.9)
(167.4)
(107.8)
—
6.5
(1.6)
0.9
—
—
12.8
(2.6)
0.7
26.0%
0.3
52.5
(3.0)
137.9
53.5
—
10.1
(0.9)
2.1
115.7%
8.4
(15.7)
(0.8)
426.8
—
23.0
2.1
(1.7)
(1.3)
356.5%
(1)
(2)
Additional losses were reported in Spain's 2017 tax return related to the Separation Transaction which are offset by an
increased valuation allowance.
In 2018, the Company finalized its accounting for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("the 2017 Act”) and recorded an
additional $59 charge. In December 2017, an estimated $272 tax charge was recorded with respect to the enactment of
the 2017 Act. In December 2016, Spain and the United States enacted tax law changes which resulted in the
remeasurement of certain deferred tax liabilities recorded by Arconic.
On December 22, 2017, the 2017 Act was signed into law, making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code. Changes
include, but are not limited to, a corporate tax rate decrease from 35% to 21% effective for tax years beginning after December
31, 2017, the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial system, and a one-time
transition tax on the non-previously taxed post-1986 foreign earnings and profits of certain U.S.-owned foreign corporations as
of December 31, 2017. Also on December 22, 2017, Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 ("SAB 118"), Income Tax Accounting
Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, was issued by the SEC to address the application of U.S. GAAP for financial
reporting. SAB 118 permitted the use of provisional amounts based on reasonable estimates in the financial statements. SAB
81
118 also provided that the tax impact may be considered incomplete in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary
information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for
certain income tax effects of the 2017 Act.
The Company calculated a reasonable estimate of the impact of the 2017 Act’s tax rate reduction and one-time transition tax in
its 2017 year end income tax provision in accordance with its understanding of the 2017 Act and guidance available and, as a
result, recorded a $272 tax charge in the fourth quarter of 2017, the period in which the legislation was enacted.
In 2018, the Company included a $59 tax charge in income from continuing operations as a result of finalizing its accounting
for the 2017 Tax Act in accordance with SAB 118. This charge primarily related to a $16 charge for the one-time transition tax
and a $43 charge to update deferred tax balances.
The components of net deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:
December 31,
Depreciation
Employee benefits
Loss provisions
Deferred income/expense
Tax loss carryforwards
Tax credit carryforwards
Other
Valuation allowance
2018
2017
Deferred
tax
assets
Deferred
tax
liabilities
Deferred
tax
assets
Deferred
tax
liabilities
$
$
$
38
836
94
22
3,159
579
94
4,822
(2,486)
2,336
$
$
$
694
27
—
1,102
—
—
20
1,843
—
1,843
$
$
$
31
936
134
19
3,305
638
24
5,087
(2,584)
2,503
$
$
$
693
23
14
1,144
—
—
33
1,907
—
1,907
The following table details the expiration periods of the deferred tax assets presented above:
December 31, 2018
Tax loss carryforwards
Tax credit carryforwards
Other
Valuation allowance
Expires
within
10 years
$
$
300
497
—
(752)
45
Expires
within
11-20 years
461
$
70
—
(287)
244
$
No
expiration(1)
2,398
$
12
64
(1,390)
1,084
$
$
$
Other(2)
Total
— $
—
1,020
(57)
963
$
3,159
579
1,084
(2,486)
2,336
(1)
(2)
Deferred tax assets with no expiration may still have annual limitations on utilization.
Other represents deferred tax assets whose expiration is dependent upon the reversal of the underlying temporary
difference. A substantial amount of Other relates to employee benefits that will become deductible for tax purposes
over an extended period of time as contributions are made to employee benefit plans and payments are made to
retirees.
The total deferred tax asset (net of valuation allowance) is supported by projections of future taxable income exclusive of
reversing temporary differences (24%) and taxable temporary differences that reverse within the carryforward period (76%).
Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not (greater than 50%) that a tax
benefit will not be realized. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all potential sources of
taxable income, including income available in carryback periods, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, projections
of taxable income, and income from tax planning strategies, as well as all available positive and negative evidence. Positive
evidence includes factors such as a history of profitable operations, projections of future profitability within the carryforward
period, including from tax planning strategies, and Arconic’s experience with similar operations. Existing favorable contracts
and the ability to sell products into established markets are additional positive evidence. Negative evidence includes items such
as cumulative losses, projections of future losses, or carryforward periods that are not long enough to allow for the utilization
of a deferred tax asset based on existing projections of income. Deferred tax assets for which no valuation allowance is
recorded may not be realized upon changes in facts and circumstances, resulting in a future charge to establish a valuation
82
allowance. Existing valuation allowances are re-examined under the same standards of positive and negative evidence. If it is
determined that it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will be realized, the appropriate amount of the valuation
allowance, if any, is released. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are also re-measured to reflect changes in underlying tax rates
due to law changes and the granting and lapse of tax holidays.
In 2018, Arconic made a final accounting policy election to apply a tax law ordering approach when considering the need for a
valuation allowance on net operating losses expected to offset GILTI income inclusions. Under this approach, reductions in
cash tax savings are not considered as part of the valuation allowance assessment. Instead, future GILTI inclusions are
considered a source of taxable income that support the realizability of deferred tax assets.
Arconic’s foreign tax credits in the United States have a 10-year carryforward period with expirations ranging from 2019 to
2027 (as of December 31, 2018). Valuation allowances were initially established in prior years on a portion of the foreign tax
credit carryforwards, primarily due to insufficient foreign source income to allow for full utilization of the credits within the
expiration period. After consideration of all available evidence including potential tax planning strategies, incremental
valuation allowances of $46, $9 and $302 were recognized in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Foreign tax credits of $8, $57,
and $128 expired at the end of 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, resulting in a corresponding decrease to the valuation
allowance. At December 31, 2018, the cumulative amount of the valuation allowance was $417. The need for this valuation
allowance will be reassessed on a continuous basis in future periods and, as a result, the allowance may increase or decrease
based on changes in facts and circumstances.
Arconic released $10 and $98 of certain U.S. state valuation allowances in 2018 and 2017, respectively. After weighing all
available positive and negative evidence, management determined that the underlying net deferred tax assets were more likely
than not realizable based on projected taxable income estimates taking into account expected post-separation apportionment
data. Valuation allowances of $675 remain against other net state deferred tax assets expected to expire before utilization. The
need for valuation allowances against net state deferred tax assets will be reassessed on a continuous basis in future periods
and, as a result, the allowance may increase or decrease based on changes in facts and circumstances.
In 2018, Arconic reduced a valuation allowance by $92 as a result of increasing a tax reserve for unrecognized tax benefits in
Spain. The valuation allowance reduction was partially offset by a $20 charge with respect to losses no longer supported by
reversing temporary differences. Arconic also recorded an additional valuation allowance of $61 and $675 in 2018 and 2017,
respectively, which offsets a deferred tax asset recorded for additional losses reported on the Spanish tax return related to the
Separation Transaction that are not more likely than not to be realized.
In 2016, Arconic recognized a $1,267 discrete income tax charge for valuation allowances related to the Separation
Transaction, including $925 with respect to Alcoa Corporation’s net deferred tax assets in the United States, $302 with respect
to Arconic’s foreign tax credits in the United States, and $42 with respect to certain deferred tax assets in Luxembourg, partially
offset by $2 related to the net impact of other smaller items. After weighing all positive and negative evidence, as described
above, management determined that the net deferred tax assets of Alcoa Corporation were not more likely than not to be
realized due to lack of historical and projected domestic source taxable income. As such, a valuation allowance was recorded
immediately prior to separation.
In 2016, Arconic also recorded additional valuation allowances in Australia of $93 related to the Separation Transaction, in
Spain of $163 related to a tax law change and in Luxembourg of $280 related to the Separation Transaction as well as a tax law
change. These valuation allowances fully offset current year changes in deferred tax asset balances of each respective
jurisdiction, resulting in no net impact to tax expense. The need for a valuation allowance will be reassessed on a continuous
basis in future periods by each jurisdiction and, as a result, the allowances may increase or decrease based on changes in facts
and circumstances.
Arconic also recognized discrete income tax benefits in 2016 related to the release of valuation allowances on certain net
deferred tax assets in Russia and Canada of $19 and $20, respectively. After weighing all available evidence, management
determined that it was more likely than not that the net income tax benefits associated with the underlying deferred tax assets
would be realizable based on historic cumulative income and projected taxable income.
83
The following table details the changes in the valuation allowance:
December 31,
Balance at beginning of year
Increase to allowance
Release of allowance
Acquisitions and divestitures
Tax apportionment, tax rate and tax law changes
Foreign currency translation
Balance at end of year
2018
2017
2016
$
$
2,584
136
(154)
—
(14)
(66)
2,486
$
$
1,940
831
(246)
(1)
(24)
84
2,584
$
$
1,291
772
(209)
(1)
106
(19)
1,940
As a result of the 2017 Act, the non-previously taxed post-1986 foreign earnings and profits (calculated based on U.S. tax
principles) of certain U.S.-owned foreign corporations has been subject to U.S. tax under the one-time transition tax provisions.
The 2017 Act also created a new requirement that certain income earned by foreign subsidiaries, GILTI, must be included in the
gross income of the U.S. shareholder. The 2017 Act also established the Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax (BEAT). In the first
quarter of 2018, Arconic made a final accounting policy election to treat taxes due from future inclusions in U.S. taxable
income related to GILTI as a current period expense when incurred. Arconic has estimated a GILTI inclusion for 2018 and
recorded tax expense accordingly. Arconic does not anticipate being subject to BEAT for 2018.
Foreign U.S. GAAP earnings that have not otherwise been subject to U.S. tax, will generally be exempt from future U.S. tax
under the 2017 Act when distributed. Such distributions, as well as distributions of previously taxed foreign earnings, could
potentially be subject to U.S. state tax in certain states, and foreign withholding taxes. Foreign currency gains/losses related to
the translation of previously taxed earnings from functional currency to U.S. dollars could also be subject to U.S. tax when
distributed. At this time, Arconic has no plans to distribute such earnings in the foreseeable future. If such earnings were to be
distributed, Arconic would expect the potential U.S. state tax and withholding tax impacts to be immaterial and the potential
deferred tax liability associated with future foreign currency gains to be impracticable to determine.
Arconic and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states and foreign jurisdictions.
With a few minor exceptions, Arconic is no longer subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to
2006. All U.S. tax years prior to 2018 have been audited by the Internal Revenue Service. Various state and foreign jurisdiction
tax authorities are in the process of examining Arconic’s income tax returns for various tax years through 2017.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) was as
follows:
December 31,
Balance at beginning of year
Additions for tax positions of the current year
Additions for tax positions of prior years
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
Settlements with tax authorities
Expiration of the statute of limitations
Foreign currency translation
Balance at end of year
2018
2017
2016
$
$
73
—
143
(42)
—
(6)
(2)
166
$
$
28
23
27
—
—
(5)
—
73
$
$
18
12
—
—
(1)
(1)
—
28
For all periods presented, a portion of the balance pertains to state tax liabilities, which are presented before any offset for
federal tax benefits. The effect of unrecognized tax benefits, if recorded, that would impact the annual effective tax rate for
2018, 2017, and 2016 would be approximately 5%, 15%, and 6%, respectively, of pre-tax book income. Arconic does not
anticipate that changes in its unrecognized tax benefits will have a material impact on the Statement of Consolidated
Operations during 2019.
It is Arconic’s policy to recognize interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of the Provision for income
taxes on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. Arconic recognized interest of $22 and $1 for 2018 and
2017, respectively, but did not recognize any interest or penalties in 2016. Due to the expiration of the statute of limitations,
settlements with tax authorities, and refunded overpayments, Arconic recognized interest income of $1 and $2 in 2018 and
2017, respectively, but did not recognize any interest income in 2016. As of December 31, 2018, and 2017, the amount accrued
for the payment of interest and penalties was $21 and $2, respectively.
84
I. Preferred and Common Stock
Preferred Stock. Arconic has two classes of preferred stock: Class A Preferred Stock and Class B Serial Preferred Stock.
Class A Preferred Stock has 660,000 shares authorized at a par value of $100 per share with an annual $3.75 cumulative
dividend preference per share. There were 546,024 shares of Class A Preferred Stock outstanding at December 31, 2018 and
2017. Class B Serial Preferred Stock has 10,000,000 shares authorized at a par value of $1 per share. There were no shares of
Class B Serial Preferred Stock outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017 (see below).
In September 2014, Arconic completed a public offering under its shelf registration statement for $1,250 of 25 million
depositary shares, each of which represents a 1/10th interest in a share of Arconic’s 5.375% Class B Mandatory Convertible
Preferred Stock, Series 1, par value $1 per share, liquidation preference $500 per share (the “Mandatory Convertible Preferred
Stock”). The 25 million depositary shares are equivalent to 2.5 million shares of Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock. Each
depositary share entitled the holder, through the depositary, to a proportional fractional interest in the rights and preferences of
a share of Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock, including conversion, dividend, liquidation, and voting rights, subject to
terms of the deposit agreement. Arconic received $1,213 in net proceeds from the public offering reflecting an underwriting
discount. The net proceeds were used, together with the net proceeds of issued debt, to finance the cash portion of the
acquisition of Firth Rixson. The underwriting discount was recorded as a decrease to Additional capital. The Mandatory
Convertible Preferred Stock constituted a series of Arconic’s Class B Serial Preferred Stock, which ranks senior to Arconic’s
common stock and junior to Arconic’s Class A Preferred Stock and existing and future indebtedness. Holders of the Mandatory
Convertible Preferred Stock generally had no voting rights.
Dividends on the Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock were cumulative in nature and paid at the rate of $26.8750 per annum
per share in 2016 and 2015, which commenced January 1, 2015 (paid on December 30, 2014).
On October 2, 2017, all outstanding 24,975,978 depositary shares (each depositary share representing a 1/10th interest in a
share of the mandatory convertible preferred stock) were converted at a rate of 1.56996 into 39,211,286 common shares;
24,022 depositary shares were previously tendered for early conversion into 31,420 shares of Arconic common stock. No gain
or loss was recognized associated with this equity transaction. Dividends on the Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock were
paid at the rate of $20.1563 per share in 2017.
Common Stock. Pursuant to the authorization provided at a special meeting of Arconic common shareholders held on
October 5, 2016, shareholders approved a 1-for-3 reverse stock split of Arconic’s outstanding and authorized shares of common
stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”). As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every three shares of issued and outstanding common
stock were combined into one issued and outstanding share of common stock. The Reverse Stock Split reduced the number of
shares of common stock outstanding from approximately 1.3 billion shares to approximately 0.4 billion shares. The par value of
the common stock remained at $1 per share. Accordingly, Common stock and Additional capital in the accompanying
Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016 reflected a decrease and increase of $877, respectively. The number of
authorized shares of common stock was also decreased from 1.8 billion shares to 0.6 billion shares. The Company’s common
stock began trading on a reverse stock split-adjusted basis on the NYSE on October 6, 2016.
In August 2016, Arconic retired its outstanding treasury stock consisting of approximately 25 million shares (76 million shares
pre-Reverse Stock Split). As a result, Common stock and Additional capital in the accompanying 2016 Consolidated Balance
Sheet were decreased by $76 and $2,563, respectively, to reflect the retirement of the treasury shares. As of December 31,
2018, and 2017, there was no outstanding treasury stock.
In July 2015, through the acquisition of RTI International Metals Inc. (RTI), Arconic assumed the obligation to repay two
tranches of convertible debt; one tranche was due and settled in cash on December 1, 2015 (principal amount of $115) and the
other tranche is due on October 15, 2019 (principal amount of $403), unless earlier converted or purchased by Arconic at the
holder’s option under specific conditions. Upon conversion of the 2019 convertible notes, holders will receive, at Arconic’s
election, cash, shares of common stock (approximately 14,453,000 shares using the December 31, 2018 conversion rate of
35.9125 shares per $1,000 (not in millions) bond or per-share conversion price of $27.8455), or a combination of cash and
shares. On the maturity date, each holder of outstanding notes will be entitled to receive $1,000 (not in millions) in cash for
each $1,000 (not in millions) bond, together with accrued and unpaid interest.
At December 31, 2018, 483,270,717 shares were issued and outstanding. Dividends paid in 2018 and 2017 were $0.24 per
annum or $0.06 per quarter and $0.36 per annum or $0.09 per quarter in 2016.
As of December 31, 2018, 47 million shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under Arconic’s stock-based
compensation plans. As of December 31, 2018, 41 million shares remain available for issuance. Arconic issues new shares to
satisfy the exercise of stock options and the conversion of stock awards.
See Note W for further information on common stock repurchases.
85
Share Activity (number of shares)
Balance at end of 2015
Issued for stock-based compensation plans
Treasury stock retirement
Reverse Stock Split
Balance at end of 2016
Conversion of convertible notes
Issued for stock-based compensation plans
Balance at end of 2017
Issued for stock-based compensation plans
Balance at end of 2018
Stock-Based Compensation
Common stock
Treasury
81,051,103
(5,219,660)
(75,831,443)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Outstanding
1,310,160,141
5,302,128
—
(876,942,489)
438,519,780
39,242,706
3,654,051
481,416,537
1,854,180
483,270,717
Arconic has a stock-based compensation plan under which stock options and restricted stock unit awards are granted in January
each year to eligible employees. Stock options are granted at the closing market price of Arconic’s common stock on the date of
grant and typically vest over a three-year service period (1/3 each year) with a ten-year contractual term. In 2018, there were
stock options granted that vest over a four-year cliff service period. Restricted stock unit awards typically vest over a three-year
service period from the date of grant. As part of Arconic’s stock-based compensation plan design, individuals who are
retirement-eligible have a six-month requisite service period in the year of grant. Certain of these awards also include
performance and market conditions. For the majority of performance stock awards issued in 2018, 2017, and 2016, the final
number of shares earned will be based on Arconic’s achievement of sales and profitability targets over the respective three-year
performance periods. For awards issued in 2018 and 2017, the award will be earned at the end of the three-year performance
period. For awards issued in 2016, one-third of the award will be earned each year based on the performance against the pre-
established targets for that year. The performance stock awards earned over the three-year period vest at the end of the third
year. Additionally, the 2018 and 2017 awards will be scaled by a total shareholder return (“TSR”) multiplier, which depends
upon relative three-year performance against the TSRs of a group of peer companies.
In 2018, 2017 and 2016, Arconic recognized stock-based compensation expense of $50 ($39 after-tax), $54 ($36 after-tax), and
$76 ($51 after-tax), respectively. The expense related to restricted stock unit awards in 2018, 2017 and 2016 was approximately
85%, 85% and 80%, respectively. No stock-based compensation expense was capitalized in any of those years. 2017 stock-
based compensation expense was reduced by $13 for certain executive pre-vest cancellations which were recorded in
Restructuring and other charges within the Statement of Consolidated Operations. At December 31, 2018, there was $52 (pre-
tax) of unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock option grants and non-vested restricted stock unit
award grants. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years.
Stock-based compensation expense is based on the grant date fair value of the applicable equity grant. For restricted stock unit
awards, the fair value was equivalent to the closing market price of Arconic’s common stock on the date of grant. The grant
date fair value of the 2018 and 2017 performance awards containing a market condition was $20.25 and $21.99, respectively,
and was valued using a Monte Carlo model. A Monte Carlo simulation uses assumptions of stock price behavior to estimate the
probability of satisfying market conditions and the resulting fair value of the award. The risk-free interest rate (2.7% in 2018
and 1.5% in 2017) was based on a yield curve of interest rates at the time of the grant based on the remaining performance
period. Because of limited historical information due to the Separation Transaction, volatility (32.0% in 2018 and 38.0% in
2017) was estimated using implied volatility and the representative price return approach, which uses price returns of
comparable companies, was used to develop a correlation assumption. For stock options, the fair value was estimated on the
date of grant using a lattice-pricing model, which generated a result of $9.79 ($10.99 for four-year cliff options), $6.26, and
$4.78 per option in 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The lattice-pricing model uses a number of assumptions to estimate the
fair value of a stock option, including a risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, volatility, exercise behavior, and contractual life.
The following paragraph describes in detail the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted in 2018
(the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted in 2017 and 2016 were not materially different, except
as noted below).
The risk-free interest rate (2.5%) was based on a yield curve of interest rates at the time of the grant based on the contractual
life of the option. The dividend yield (0.9%) was based on a one-year average. Volatility (34.0% for 2018, 38.1% for 2017, and
44.5% in 2016) was based on comparable companies in 2018 and 2017 (except 2016 historical volatilities were used) and
implied volatilities over the term of the option. Arconic utilized historical option forfeiture data to estimate annual pre- and
86
post-vesting forfeitures (6%). Exercise behavior (61%) was based on a weighted average exercise ratio (exercise patterns for
grants issued over the number of years in the contractual option term) of an option’s intrinsic value resulting from historical
employee exercise behavior. Based upon the other assumptions used in the determination of the fair value, the life of an option
(6.0 years (7.3 years for four-year cliff options)) was an output of the lattice-pricing model. The activity for stock options and
stock awards during 2018 was as follows (options and awards in millions):
Outstanding, January 1, 2018
Granted
Exercised
Converted
Expired or forfeited
Performance share adjustment
Outstanding, December 31, 2018
Stock options
Stock awards
Number of
options
11
1
(1)
—
(1)
—
10
Weighted
average
exercise price
23.94
$
29.97
18.95
—
26.96
—
24.95
$
Number of
awards
Weighted
average FMV
per award
7
2
—
(1)
(1)
—
7
$
$
21.49
26.48
—
32.75
21.10
18.47
21.13
As of December 31, 2018, the number of stock options outstanding had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 4.8
years and a total intrinsic value of $3. Additionally, 7.8 million of the stock options outstanding were fully vested and
exercisable and had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 3.7 years, a weighted average exercise price of $25.49,
and a total intrinsic value of $2 as of December 31, 2018. In 2018, 2017, and 2016, the cash received from stock option
exercises was $16, $50, and $4 and the total tax benefit realized from these exercises was $2, $4, and $0, respectively. The total
intrinsic value of stock options exercised during 2018, 2017 and 2016 was $7, $13, and $1, respectively.
J. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (EPS) amounts are computed by dividing earnings (loss), after the deduction of preferred stock
dividends declared, by the average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS amounts assume the issuance of
common stock for all potentially dilutive share equivalents outstanding.
The information used to compute basic and diluted EPS attributable to Arconic common shareholders was as follows (shares in
millions):
For the year ended December 31,
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Arconic
Less: preferred stock dividends declared
Income (loss) from continuing operations available to Arconic common
shareholders
Income from discontinued operations after income taxes and
noncontrolling interests(1)
Net income (loss) available to Arconic common shareholders—basic
Add: interest expense related to convertible notes
Net income (loss) available to Arconic common shareholders - diluted
Average shares outstanding - basic
Effect of dilutive securities:
$
$
Stock options
Stock and performance awards
Convertible notes
Average shares outstanding - diluted
2018
2017
2016
$
$
642
(2)
640
—
640
11
651
483
1
5
14
503
(74) $
(53)
(127)
—
(127)
—
(127) $
451
—
—
—
451
(1,062)
(69)
(1,131)
121
(1,010)
—
(1,010)
438
—
—
—
438
(1)
Calculated from the Statement of Consolidated Operations as Income from discontinued operations after income taxes
less Net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests.
87
The following shares were excluded from the calculation of average shares outstanding – diluted as their effect was anti-
dilutive (shares in millions).
Mandatory convertible preferred stock
Convertible notes
Stock options(1)
Stock awards
2018
2017
2016
n/a
—
9
—
39
14
11
7
39
14
13
8
(1)
The average exercise price of options per share was $26.79, $33.32, and $26.93 for 2018, 2017, and 2016,
respectively.
In 2017, had Arconic generated sufficient net income, 30 million, 14 million, 5 million, and 1 million potential shares of
common stock related to the mandatory convertible preferred stock, convertible notes, stock awards, and stock options,
respectively, would have been included in diluted average shares outstanding. The mandatory convertible preferred stock
converted on October 2, 2017 (see Note I).
In 2016, had Arconic generated sufficient net income, 28 million, 10 million, 4 million, and 1 million potential shares of
common stock related to the mandatory convertible preferred stock, convertible notes, stock awards, and stock options,
respectively, would have been included in diluted average shares outstanding.
88
K. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table details the activity of the four components that comprise Accumulated other comprehensive loss for both
Arconic’s shareholders and noncontrolling interests:
2018
Arconic
2017
2016
Noncontrolling Interests
2017
2016
2018
Pension and other postretirement benefits (G)
Balance at beginning of period
Adoption of accounting standard (A)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrecognized net actuarial loss and prior service
cost/benefit
Tax (expense) benefit
Total Other comprehensive income (loss)
before reclassifications, net of tax
Amortization of net actuarial loss and prior
service cost(1)
Tax expense(2)
Total amount reclassified from Accumulated
other comprehensive loss, net of tax(8)
Total Other comprehensive income (loss)
Transfer to Alcoa Corporation
Balance at end of period
Foreign currency translation
Balance at beginning of period
Other comprehensive (loss) income(3)
Transfer to Alcoa Corporation
Balance at end of period
Available-for-sale securities
Balance at beginning of period
Other comprehensive (loss) income(4)
Balance at end of period
Cash flow hedges
Balance at beginning of period
Adoption of accounting standard (A)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net change from periodic revaluations
Tax benefit (expense)
Total Other comprehensive (loss) income
before reclassifications, net of tax
Net amount reclassified to earnings
Aluminum contracts(5)
Energy contracts(6)
Interest rate contracts(7)
Nickel contracts(6)
Sub-total
Tax benefit(2)
Total amount reclassified from
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net
of tax(8)
Total Other comprehensive (loss) income
Transfer to Alcoa Corporation
Balance at end of period
Total balance at end of period
$
(2,230) $
(369)
(2,010) $
—
(3,611) $
—
— $
—
— $
—
(56)
—
70
(19)
51
262
(58)
204
(466)
(1,112)
102
(364)
222
(78)
144
380
(732)
389
(136)
253
255
—
(2,344) $
(220)
—
(2,230) $
(479)
2,080
(2,010) $
(437) $
(146)
—
(583) $
(2) $
(1)
(3) $
25 $
2
(15)
3
(12)
(8)
—
(2)
(4)
(14)
3
(11)
(689) $
252
—
(437) $
132 $
(134)
(2) $
(1) $
—
37
(9)
28
(2)
—
—
(1)
(3)
1
(2)
(2,412) $
268
1,455
(689) $
(5) $
$
137
132
597
—
(843)
252
(591)
1
(49)
9
1
(38)
12
(26)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
— $
— $
—
—
— $
— $
—
— $
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
— $
(2) $
2
—
— $
— $
—
— $
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(23)
—
4 $
26
—
25 $
(617)
19
(1) $
(2,926) $
(2,644) $
(2,568) $
—
—
— $
— $
—
—
— $
— $
89
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
(9)
3
(6)
4
(1)
3
(3)
59
—
(780)
182
596
(2)
—
—
—
(3)
—
36
(10)
26
—
(34)
5
—
(29)
8
(21)
5
(2)
—
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
These amounts were included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost for pension and other postretirement
benefits (see Note G).
These amounts were included in Provision for income taxes on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated
Operations.
In all periods presented, there were no tax impacts related to rate changes and no amounts were reclassified to
earnings.
Realized gains and losses were included in Other expense (income), net, net on the accompanying Statement of
Consolidated Operations.
These amounts were included in Sales on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations.
These amounts were included in Cost of goods sold on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations.
These amounts were included in Interest expense on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations.
A positive amount indicates a corresponding charge to earnings and a negative amount indicates a corresponding
benefit to earnings. These amounts were reflected on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations in the
line items indicated in footnotes 1 through 7.
L. Receivables
Sale of Receivables Program
Arconic has an arrangement with three financial institutions to sell certain customer receivables without recourse on a
revolving basis. The sale of such receivables is completed using a bankruptcy remote special purpose entity, which is a
consolidated subsidiary of Arconic. This arrangement provides up to a maximum funding of $400 for receivables sold. Arconic
maintains a beneficial interest, or a right to collect cash, on the sold receivables that have not been funded (deferred purchase
program). On March 30, 2012, Arconic initially sold $304 of customer receivables in exchange for $50 in cash and $254 of
deferred purchase program under the arrangement. Arconic has received additional net cash funding of $300 ($2,958 in draws
and $2,658 in repayments) since the program’s inception, including net cash draws totaling $0 ($600 in draws and $600 in
repayments) in 2018 and net cash draws totaling $0 ($600 in draws and $600 in repayments) in 2017.
As of December 31, 2018, and 2017, the deferred purchase program receivable was $234 and $187, respectively, which was
included in Other receivables on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. The deferred purchase program receivable is
reduced as collections of the underlying receivables occur; however, as this is a revolving program, the sale of new receivables
will result in an increase in the deferred purchase program receivable. The gross amount of receivables sold and total cash
collected under this program since its inception was $41,784 and $41,200 respectively. Arconic services the customer
receivables for the financial institutions at market rates; therefore, no servicing asset or liability was recorded.
In 2018 and 2017, the gross cash outflows and inflows associated with the deferred purchase program receivable were $6,375
and $6,328 respectively, and $5,471 and $5,367, respectively.
Cash receipts from customer payments on sold receivables (which are cash receipts on the underlying trade receivables that
have been previously sold in this program) as well as cash receipts and cash disbursements from draws and repayments under
the program are presented as cash receipts from sold receivables within investing activities in the Statement of Consolidated
Cash Flows. See Note A for additional information on new accounting guidance that impacts the Company.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The following table details the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts related to customer receivables and other
receivables:
Customer receivables
2017
2018
2016
Other receivables
2017
2016
2018
Balance at beginning of year
Provision for doubtful accounts
Write off of uncollectible accounts
Recoveries of prior write-offs
Other
Balance at end of year
$
$
8
2
(2)
—
(4)
4
$
$
13
1
(5)
—
(1)
8
$
$
8
7
(3)
(1)
2
13
$
$
34
7
(2)
(3)
(5)
31
$
$
32
9
(1)
(3)
(3)
34
$
$
34
6
(1)
1
(8)
32
90
M. Inventories
December 31,
Finished goods
Work-in-process
Purchased raw materials
Operating supplies
Total inventories
2018
2017
$
$
668
1,371
366
87
2,492
$
$
669
1,349
381
81
2,480
At December 31, 2018 and 2017, the portion of inventories valued on a LIFO basis was $1,292 and $1,208, respectively. If
valued on an average-cost basis, total inventories would have been $530 and $481 higher at December 31, 2018 and 2017,
respectively. During 2018 and 2017, reductions in LIFO inventory quantities caused partial liquidations of the lower cost LIFO
inventory base. These liquidations resulted in the recognition of immaterial income amounts in 2018, 2017, and 2016.
In the second quarter of 2018, a charge of $23 was recorded in Cost of goods sold and Inventories to reflect a physical
inventory adjustment at one plant in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment. While a portion of this charge relates to
prior years, the majority relates to 2018. The out-of-period amounts were not material to any interim or annual periods.
N. Properties, Plants, and Equipment, Net
December 31,
Land and land rights
Structures:
Engineered Products and Solutions
Global Rolled Products
Transportation and Construction Solutions
Other
Machinery and equipment:
Engineered Products and Solutions
Global Rolled Products
Transportation and Construction Solutions
Other
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
Construction work-in-progress
2018
2017
$
136
$
140
796
1,068
248
252
2,364
3,437
4,629
748
420
9,234
11,734
6,769
4,965
739
5,704
$
784
1,090
268
253
2,395
3,054
4,641
777
358
8,830
11,365
6,392
4,973
621
5,594
$
During the second quarter of 2018, the Company updated its three-year strategic plan and determined that there was a decline
in the forecasted financial performance for the disks operations, an asset group within the Arconic Engines business unit. As
such, the Company evaluated the recoverability of the long-lived assets by comparing their carrying value of approximately
$515 to the estimated undiscounted net cash flows of the disks operations, resulting in an estimated fair value in excess of their
carrying value of approximately 13%; thus, there was no impairment. If the disks operations do not achieve the revised
forecasted financial performance or if there are changes in any significant assumptions, a material non-cash impairment of
long-lived assets may occur in future periods. These significant assumptions include sales growth, cost of raw materials, ramp
up of additional production capacity, and working capital. A 1% decrease in the forecasted net cash flows would reduce the
undiscounted cash flows by approximately $6. There were no indicators of impairment identified for the disks operations
during the third or fourth quarters of 2018 and, as such, the Company did not evaluate the recoverability of its long-lived assets.
91
O. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The following table details the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill:
Balances at December 31, 2016
Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses
Goodwill, net
Impairment (A)
Translation and other
Balances at December 31, 2017
Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses
Goodwill, net
Divestitures (T)
Translation and other
Balances at December 31, 2018
Goodwill
Accumulated impairment losses
Goodwill, net
Engineered
Products
and
Solutions
Global
Rolled
Products
Transportation
and
Construction
Solutions
Total
$
$
$
4,832
—
4,832
(719)
92
4,924
(719)
4,205
(1)
(25)
4,898
(719)
4,179
$
241
—
241
—
11
252
—
252
—
(7)
245
—
245
$
$
128
(53)
75
—
3
131
(53)
78
—
(2)
129
(53)
76
$
$
5,201
(53)
5,148
(719)
106
5,307
(772)
4,535
(1)
(34)
5,272
(772)
4,500
In 2017, Arconic recognized an impairment of goodwill in the amount of $719 related to the annual impairment review of the
Arconic Forgings and Extrusions business. See Goodwill policy in Note A.
Other intangible assets were as follows:
December 31, 2018
Computer software
Patents and licenses
Other intangibles
Total amortizable intangible assets
Indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks
Total other intangible assets
December 31, 2017
Computer software
Patents and licenses
Other intangibles
Total amortizable intangible assets
Indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks
Total other intangible assets
Gross
carrying
amount
768
110
922
1,800
32
1,832
Gross
carrying
amount
789
110
953
1,852
32
1,884
$
$
$
$
$
$
Accumulated
amortization
$
Intangibles,
net
(657) $
(107)
(149)
(913)
—
(913) $
(674) $
(107)
(116)
(897)
—
(897) $
111
3
773
887
32
919
115
3
837
955
32
987
Accumulated
amortization
$
Intangibles,
net
Computer software consists primarily of software costs associated with an enterprise business solution within Arconic to drive
common systems among all businesses.
Amortization expense related to the intangible assets in the tables above for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017, and
2016 was $81, $71, and $65, respectively, and is expected to be in the range of approximately $63 to $70 annually from 2019 to
2023.
92
P. Debt
Long-Term Debt.
December 31,
5.72% Notes, due 2019
1.63% Convertible Notes, due 2019
6.150% Notes, due 2020
5.40% Notes, due 2021
5.87% Notes, due 2022
5.125% Notes, due 2024
5.90% Notes, due 2027
6.75% Bonds, due 2028
5.95% Notes due 2037
Iowa Finance Authority Loan, due 2042 (4.75%)
Other(1)
Less: amount due within one year
2018
2017
— $
403
1,000
1,250
627
1,250
625
300
625
250
(29)
6,301
405
5,896
$
500
403
1,000
1,250
627
1,250
625
300
625
250
(23)
6,807
1
6,806
$
$
(1)
Includes various financing arrangements related to subsidiaries, unamortized debt discounts related to outstanding
notes and bonds listed in the table above, an equity option related to the convertible notes due in 2019, and
unamortized debt issuance costs.
The principal amount of long-term debt maturing in each of the next five years is $405 in 2019, $1,000 in 2020, $1,250 in
2021, $627 in 2022, and $0 in 2023.
Public Debt – During the first quarter of 2018, the Company completed the early redemption of its remaining outstanding
5.72% Notes due in 2019, with aggregate principal amount of $500, for $518 in cash including accrued and unpaid interest. As
a result, the Company recorded a charge of $19 in Interest expense in the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations
for 2018 primarily for the premium paid on the early redemption of these notes in excess of their carrying value.
During the second quarter of 2017, the Company announced three separate cash tender offers by the Investment Banks for the
purchase of the Company’s 6.50% Bonds due 2018 (the “6.50% Bonds”), 6.75% Notes due 2018 (the “6.75% Notes”), and
5.72% Notes due 2019 (the “5.72% Notes”), up to a maximum purchase amount of $1,000 aggregate principal amount of notes,
subject to certain conditions. The Investment Banks purchased notes totaling $805 aggregate principal amount, including $150
aggregate principal amount of 6.50% Bonds, $405 aggregate principal amount of 6.75% Notes, and $250 aggregate principal
amount of 5.72% Notes.
Also, during the second quarter of 2017, the Company agreed to acquire the notes from the Investment Banks for $409 in cash
plus its remaining investment in Alcoa Corporation common stock (12,958,767 shares valued at $35.91 per share) for total
consideration of $874 including accrued and unpaid interest. The Company recorded a charge of $58 ($27 in cash) primarily for
the premium for the early redemption of the notes, a benefit of $8 for the proceeds of a related interest rate swap agreement,
and a charge of $2 for legal fees associated with the transaction in Interest expense, and recorded a gain of $167 in Other
income, net in the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations for the Debt-for-Equity Exchange.
Finally, during the second quarter of 2017, the Company completed the early redemption of its remaining outstanding 6.50%
Bonds, with aggregate principal amount of $100, and its remaining outstanding 6.75% Notes, with aggregate principal amount
of $345, for $479 in cash including accrued and unpaid interest. As a result of the early redemption of the 6.50% Bonds and
6.75% Notes, the Company recorded a charge of $24 in Interest expense in the accompanying Statement of Consolidated
Operations for the premium paid for the early redemption of these notes in excess of their carrying value.
The Company has the option to redeem certain of its Notes and Bonds in whole or part, at any time at a redemption price equal
to the greater of principal amount or the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments, discounted using a
defined treasury rate plus a spread, plus in either case accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date.
Credit Facilities. On July 25, 2014, Arconic entered into a Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement with a syndicate of lenders
and issuers named therein, which provides for a senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). By an
Extension Request and Amendment Letter dated as of June 5, 2015, the maturity date of the Credit Facility was extended to
July 25, 2020. On September 16, 2016, Arconic entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement
to permit the Separation Transaction and to amend certain terms of the Credit Agreement, including the replacement of the
93
existing financial covenant with a leverage ratio and reduction of total commitments available from $4,000 to $3,000. On June
29, 2018, Arconic entered into Amendment No. 2 (“Amendment No. 2”) to amend and restate the Five-Year Revolving Credit
Agreement. The Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement, as so amended and restated, is herein referred to as the “Credit
Agreement.”
The Credit Agreement provides a $3,000 Credit Facility, the proceeds of which are to be used to provide working capital or for
other general corporate purposes of Arconic. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement, Arconic may from
time to time request increases in lender commitments under the Credit Facility, not to exceed $500 in aggregate principal
amount, and may also request the issuance of letters of credit, subject to a letter of credit sublimit of $1,000 of the Credit
Facility. Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, Arconic shall not permit the ratio of Consolidated Net Debt to Consolidated
EBITDA (each as defined in the Credit Agreement) as of the end of each fiscal quarter for the period of the four fiscal quarters
most recently ended, to be greater than 4.50 to 1.00, which maximum level will step down successively to 4.00 to 1.00 on
December 31, 2018, and to 3.50 to 1.00 on December 31, 2019 and thereafter.
The Credit Agreement includes additional covenants, including, among others, (a) limitations on Arconic’s ability to incur liens
securing indebtedness for borrowed money, (b) limitations on Arconic’s ability to consummate a merger, consolidation or sale
of all or substantially all of its assets, and (c) limitations on Arconic’s ability to change the nature of its business. As of
December 31, 2018, Arconic was in compliance with all such covenants.
The Credit Facility matures on June 29, 2023, unless extended or earlier terminated in accordance with the provisions of the
Credit Agreement. Arconic may make two one-year extension requests during the term of the Credit Facility, subject to the
lender consent requirements set forth in the Credit Agreement. Under the provisions of the Credit Agreement, Arconic will pay
a fee of 0.25% per annum (based on Arconic’s current long-term debt ratings) of the total commitment to maintain the Credit
Facility.
The Credit Facility is unsecured and amounts payable under it will rank pari passu with all other unsecured, unsubordinated
indebtedness of Arconic. Borrowings under the Credit Facility may be denominated in U.S. dollars or euros. Loans will bear
interest at a base rate or a rate equal to LIBOR, plus, in each case, an applicable margin based on the credit ratings of Arconic’s
outstanding senior unsecured long-term debt. The applicable margin on base rate loans and LIBOR loans will be 0.50% and
1.50% per annum, respectively, based on Arconic’s current long-term debt ratings. Loans may be prepaid without premium or
penalty, subject to customary breakage costs.
The obligation of Arconic to pay amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an
“Event of Default” as defined in the Credit Agreement. Such Events of Default include, among others, (a) non-payment of
obligations; (b) breach of any representation or warranty in any material respect; (c) non-performance of covenants and
obligations; (d) with respect to other indebtedness in a principal amount in excess of $100 million, a default thereunder that
causes such indebtedness to become due prior to its stated maturity or a default in the payment at maturity of any principal of
such indebtedness; (e) the bankruptcy or insolvency of Arconic; and (f) a change in control of Arconic.
There were no amounts outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 2017 and no amounts were borrowed during 2018, 2017, or
2016 under the Credit Facility.
In addition to the Credit Agreement above, Arconic has a number of other credit agreements that provide a combined
borrowing capacity of $715 as of December 31, 2018, of which $465 is due to expire in 2019 and $250 is due to expire in 2020.
The purpose of any borrowings under these credit arrangements is to provide for working capital requirements and for other
general corporate purposes. The covenants contained in all these arrangements are the same as the Credit Agreement. In 2018,
2017, and 2016, Arconic borrowed and repaid $600, $810, and $1,950, respectively, under the respective credit arrangements.
The weighted-average interest rate and weighted-average days outstanding of the respective borrowings during 2018, 2017, and
2016 were 3.3%, 2.6%, and 1.9%, respectively, and 46 days, 46 days, and 49 days, respectively.
Short-Term Debt. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, short-term debt was $29 and $38, respectively. These amounts included
$29 and $33 at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, related to accounts payable settlement arrangements with certain
vendors and third-party intermediaries. These arrangements provide that, at the vendor’s request, the third-party intermediary
advances the amount of the scheduled payment to the vendor, less an appropriate discount, before the scheduled payment date
and Arconic makes payment to the third-party intermediary on the date stipulated in accordance with the commercial terms
negotiated with its vendors. Arconic records imputed interest related to these arrangements in Interest expense on the
accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations.
Commercial Paper. Arconic had no outstanding commercial paper at December 31, 2018 and 2017. In 2018 and 2017, the
average outstanding commercial paper was $49 and $67, respectively. Commercial paper matures at various times within one
year and had an annual weighted average interest rate of 2.5%, 1.6%, and 1.1% during 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.
94
Q. Other Noncurrent Liabilities and Deferred Credits
December 31,
Environmental remediation (U)
Income taxes (H)
Accrued compensation and retirement costs
Sale-leaseback financing obligation
Other
2018
2017
185
146
195
119
94
739
$
$
253
162
218
—
126
759
$
$
The sale-leaseback financing obligation represents the cash received from the sale of the Texarkana, Texas cast house. The
transaction has been accounted for as a deferred gain due to continuing involvement. See Note T.
R. Other Financial Instruments
Fair Value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly
transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between (i) market
participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) and (ii) an
entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the
circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which gives the highest priority to
unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable
inputs (Level 3). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:
•
•
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical,
unrestricted assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either
directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for
identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are
observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates); and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by
observable market data by correlation or other means.
•
Level 3 - Inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.
The carrying values of Cash and cash equivalents, Restricted cash, Derivatives, Noncurrent receivables and Short-term debt
included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet approximate their fair values. The Company holds exchange-traded fixed income
securities which are considered available-for-sale securities that are carried at fair value which is based on quoted market prices
which are classified in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of Long-term debt, less amount due within one year
was based on quoted market prices for public debt and on interest rates that are currently available to Arconic for issuance of
debt with similar terms and maturities for non-public debt. The fair value amounts for all Long-term debt were classified in
Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
December 31,
Long-term debt, less amount due within one year
S. Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for interest and income taxes was as follows:
2018
2017
Carrying
value
Fair
value
Carrying
value
Fair
value
5,896
5,873
6,806
7,443
Interest, net of amount capitalized
Income taxes, net of amount refunded
2018
2017
2016
$
$
391
74
$
$
508
118
$
$
524
324
As it relates to cash paid for acquisitions, during 2016, Arconic made a $10 cash payment for a working capital adjustment
from a prior period acquisition.
During 2016, Arconic sold various securities held by its captive insurance company for $130, and an equity interest in a natural
gas pipeline of $145 (Alcoa Corporation), both of which were included in Sales of investments on the accompanying Statement
of Consolidated Cash Flows.
95
In 2016, Arconic received $457 in proceeds from the redemption of certain company-owned life insurance policies, sold its
Intalco smelter wharf property (Alcoa Corporation) for $120, and sold the Remmele Medical business (see Note T) for $102.
These amounts were included in Proceeds from the sale of assets and businesses on the accompanying Statement of
Consolidated Cash Flows.
Noncash Financing and Investing Activities. On October 2, 2017, all outstanding 24,975,978 depositary shares (each
depositary share representing a 1/10th interest in a share of the mandatory convertible preferred stock) were converted at a rate
of 1.56996 into 39,211,286 common shares; 24,022 depositary shares were previously tendered for early conversion into
31,420 shares of Arconic common stock. No gain or loss was recognized associated with this equity transaction (see Note I).
In the second quarter of 2017, the Company completed a Debt-for-Equity Exchange with the Investment Banks for the
remaining portion of Arconic’s retained interest in Alcoa Corporation common stock for a portion of the Company’s
outstanding notes held by the Investment Banks for $465 including accrued and unpaid interest (see Note P).
On October 5, 2016, Arconic completed a 1-for-3 Reverse Stock Split (see Note I). The Reverse Stock Split reduced the
number of shares of common stock outstanding from approximately 1.3 billion shares to approximately 0.4 billion shares. The
par value of the common stock remained at $1.00 per share. Accordingly, Common stock and Additional capital in the
Company’s Statement of Changes in Consolidated Equity at December 31, 2016 reflect a decrease and increase of $877,
respectively.
In August 2016, Arconic retired its outstanding treasury stock consisting of approximately 76 million shares (see Note I). As a
result, Common stock and Additional capital were decreased by $76 and $2,563, respectively, in the Company’s Statement of
Changes in Consolidated Equity at December 31, 2016, to reflect the retirement of the treasury shares.
T. Acquisitions and Divestitures
2018 Divestitures. On April 2, 2018, Arconic completed the sale of its Latin America extrusions business to a subsidiary of
Hydro Extruded Solutions AS for $2, following the settlement of post-closing and other adjustments in December 2018. As a
result of entering into the agreement to sell the Latin America extrusions business in December 2017, a charge of $41 was
recognized in the fourth quarter of 2017 in Restructuring and other charges in the Statement of Consolidated Operations related
to the non-cash impairment of the net book value of the business and an additional charge of $2 related to a post-closing
adjustment was recognized in the fourth quarter of 2018. The operating results and assets and liabilities of the business were
included in the Transportation and Construction Solutions segment. This business generated sales of $25, $115, and $103 in
2018, 2017, and 2016 respectively, and had 612 employees at the time of the divestiture.
On July 31, 2018, the Company announced that it had initiated a sale process of its Building and Construction Systems (BCS)
business, as part of the Company’s ongoing strategy and portfolio review that commenced in January 2018. BCS is part of the
Transportation and Construction Solutions segment and generated third-party sales of approximately $1,140, $1,070, and
$1,010 for 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The sale process continues to progress. The Company’s decision regarding
whether to sell the business will not be finalized until final binding offers are evaluated at a later stage in the sale process. Until
the Company makes that final decision, the BCS business will remain classified as held and in-use in the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
On October 31, 2018, the Company sold its Texarkana, Texas rolling mill and cast house, which had a combined net book value
of $63, to Ta Chen International, Inc. for $302 in cash, subject to post-closing adjustments, plus additional contingent
consideration of up to $50. The contingent consideration relates to the achievement of various milestones within 36 months of
the transaction closing date associated with operationalizing the rolling mill equipment. The operating results and assets and
liabilities of the business were included in the Global Rolled Products segment. The Texarkana rolling mill facility had
previously been idle since late 2009. In early 2016, the Company restarted the Texarkana cast house to meet demand for
aluminum slab. As part of the agreement, the Company will continue to produce aluminum slab at the facility for a period of 18
months through a lease back of the cast house building and equipment, after which time, Ta Chen will perform toll processing
of metal for the Company for a period of six months. The Company will supply Ta Chen with cold-rolled aluminum coil during
this 24-month period.
The sale of the rolling mill and cast house has been accounted for separately. The gain on the sale of the rolling mill of $154,
including the fair value of contingent consideration of $5, was recorded in Restructuring and other charges in the Statement of
Consolidated Operations in the fourth quarter of 2018. The Company will reevaluate its estimate of the amount of contingent
consideration to which it will be entitled at the end of each reporting period and recognize any changes thereto in the Statement
of Consolidated Operations. The Company has continuing involvement related to the lease back of the cast house, and,
therefore has deferred the gain associated with the cast house in 2018. As a result, the Company continues to treat the cast
house building and equipment that it sold to Ta Chen as owned and therefore reflected these assets in its Consolidated Balance
Sheet and has been depreciating them over their remaining useful life. Additionally, the Company recorded the cash proceeds
associated with the sale of the cast house assets as a noncurrent liability in its Consolidated Balance Sheet which included a
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deferred gain of $95. The Company will adopt the new lease accounting standard in the first quarter of 2019, under which the
Company's continuing involvement no longer requires deferral of the cast house gain. As such, the deferred gain on the sale of
the cast house will be treated as a cumulative effect of an accounting change within retained earnings on January 1, 2019.
On December 31, 2018, as part of the Company’s ongoing strategy and portfolio review, Arconic completed the sale of its Eger,
Hungary forgings business to Angstrom Automotive Group LLC for $2, which resulted in a loss of $43 recorded in
Restructuring and other charges in the Statement of Consolidated Operations. The operating results and assets and liabilities of
the business were included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment. This business generated sales of $32, $38, and
$29 in 2018, 2017, and 2016 respectively, and had 180 employees at the time of the divestiture.
2017 Divestitures. In March 2017, Arconic completed the sale of its Fusina, Italy rolling mill to Slim Aluminium. While
owned by Arconic, the operating results and assets and liabilities of the Fusina, Italy rolling mill were included in the Global
Rolled Products segment. As part of the transaction, Arconic injected $10 of cash into the business and provided a third-party
guarantee with a fair value of $5 related to Slim Aluminium’s environmental remediation. The Company recorded a loss on the
sale of $60, which was recorded in Restructuring and other charges on the Statement of Consolidated Operations for 2017. The
rolling mill generated sales of approximately $54 and $165 for 2017 and 2016, respectively. At the time of the divestiture, the
rolling mill had approximately 312 employees.
2016 Divestitures. In April 2016, Arconic completed the sale of the Remmele Medical business to LISI MEDICAL for $102 in
cash ($99 net of transaction costs), which was included in Proceeds from the sale of assets and businesses on the accompanying
Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows. This business, which was part of the RTI acquisition in 2015, manufactured precision-
machined metal products for customers in the minimally invasive surgical device and implantable device markets. Since this
transaction occurred within a year of the completion of the RTI acquisition, no gain was recorded on this transaction as the
excess of the proceeds over the carrying value of the net assets of this business was reflected as a purchase price adjustment
(decrease to goodwill of $44) to the final allocation of the purchase price related to Arconic’s acquisition of RTI. While owned
by Arconic, the operating results and assets and liabilities of this business were included in the Engineered Products and
Solutions segment. This business generated sales of approximately $20 from January 1, 2016 through the divestiture date,
April 29, 2016, and, at the time of the divestiture, had approximately 330 employees.
2014 Acquisitions. In November 2014, Arconic acquired Firth Rixson. The purchase price included an earn-out agreement that
required Arconic to make earn-out payments up to an aggregate maximum amount of $150 through December 31, 2020 upon
certain conditions. This earn-out was contingent on the Firth Rixson forging business in Savannah, Georgia achieving certain
identified financial targets through December 31, 2020. During the fourth quarter of 2016, management determined that
payment of the maximum amount was not probable based on the forecasted financial performance of this location. Therefore,
the fair value of this liability was reduced by $56 with a corresponding credit to Other income, net on the accompanying
Statement of Consolidated Operations. During the fourth quarter of 2017, management determined that payment of the
remaining amount of the contingent liability was not probable based on the forecasted financial performance of this location.
Therefore, the fair value of this liability was reduced by $81 to zero at December 31, 2017 with a corresponding credit to Other
income, net on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. The fair value of this liability remains at zero at
December 31, 2018 based on the forecasted financial performance of this location.
U. Contingencies and Commitments
Contingencies
Environmental Matters. Arconic participates in environmental assessments and cleanups at more than 100 locations. These
include owned or operating facilities and adjoining properties, previously owned or operating facilities and adjoining
properties, and waste sites, including Superfund (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
(CERCLA)) sites.
A liability is recorded for environmental remediation when a cleanup program becomes probable and the costs can be
reasonably estimated. As assessments and cleanups proceed, the liability is adjusted based on progress made in determining the
extent of remedial actions and related costs. The liability can change substantially due to factors such as the nature and extent
of contamination, changes in remedial requirements, and technological changes, among others.
Arconic’s remediation reserve balance was $266 at December 31, 2018 and $294 at December 31, 2017 (of which $81 and $41,
respectively, was classified as a current liability), and reflects the most probable costs to remediate identified environmental
conditions for which costs can be reasonably estimated. In 2018, the Company has seen higher expenditures with the start of
construction related to the Grasse River project. Arconic expects that trend to continue for 2019 as reflected by the increase in
the portion of the reserve that is considered a current liability. Payments related to remediation expenses applied against the
reserve were $32 in 2018 and $26 in 2017 and includes expenditures currently mandated, as well as those not required by any
regulatory authority or third party.
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Included in annual operating expenses are the recurring costs of managing hazardous substances and environmental programs.
These costs are estimated to be approximately 1% or less of cost of goods sold.
The following discussion provides details regarding the current status of the most significant remediation reserves related to a
current Arconic site.
Massena West, NY— Arconic has an ongoing remediation project related to the Grasse River, which is adjacent to Arconic’s
Massena plant site. Many years ago, it was determined that sediments and fish in the river contain varying levels of
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The project, which was selected by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in a
Record of Decision issued in April 2013, is aimed at capping PCB contaminated sediments with concentration in excess of one
part per million in the main channel of the river and dredging PCB contaminated sediments in the near-shore areas where total
PCBs exceed one part per million. At December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the reserve balance associated with this
matter was $198 and $215, respectively. Arconic is in the planning and design phase of the project, which is expected to be
completed early in 2019. Following EPA’s approval of the final design, the actual remediation fieldwork is expected to
commence and take approximately four years. The majority of the expenditures related to the project are expected to be
incurred between 2019 and 2022.
Tax. Pursuant to the Tax Matters Agreement entered into between Arconic and Alcoa Corporation in connection with the
separation transaction with Alcoa Corporation, Arconic shares responsibility with Alcoa Corporation, and Alcoa Corporation
has agreed to partially indemnify Arconic for 49% of the ultimate liability, with respect to the following matter.
As previously reported, in July 2013, following a Spanish corporate income tax audit covering the 2006 through 2009 tax
years, an assessment was received mainly disallowing certain interest deductions claimed by a Spanish consolidated tax group
owned by the Company. In August 2013, the Company filed an appeal of this assessment in Spain’s Central Tax Administrative
Court, which was denied in January 2015. Arconic filed another appeal in Spain’s National Court in March 2015 which was
denied in July 2018. The National Court’s decision requires the assessment for the 2006 through 2009 tax years to be reissued
to take into account the outcome of the 2003 to 2005 audit which was closed in 2017. The Company estimates the revised
assessment to be $174 (€152), including interest.
The Company has petitioned to the Supreme Court of Spain to review the National Court’s decision. If the petition is accepted,
the Supreme Court will review the assessment on its merits and render a final decision. In the event the Company is
unsuccessful in appealing the assessment to the Supreme Court of Spain, a portion of the assessment may be offset with
existing net operating losses and tax credits available to the Spanish consolidated tax group, which would be shared between
the Company and Alcoa Corporation as provided for in the Tax Matters Agreement. As a result of the National Court decision,
an income tax reserve, including interest, of $60 (€52) was established in 2018. Concurrent with the establishment of the
reserve, an indemnification receivable of $29 (€25), representing Alcoa Corporation’s 49% share of the liability, was also
recorded in 2018.
Additionally, while the tax years 2010 through 2013 are closed to audit, it is possible that the Company may receive
assessments for tax years subsequent to 2013. Any potential assessment for an individual tax year is not expected to be material
to the Company’s consolidated operations.
Reynobond PE. As previously reported, on June 13, 2017, the Grenfell Tower in London, UK caught fire resulting in fatalities,
injuries and damage. A French subsidiary of Arconic, Arconic Architectural Products SAS (AAP SAS), supplied a product,
Reynobond PE, to its customer, a cladding system fabricator, which used the product as one component of the overall cladding
system on Grenfell Tower. The fabricator supplied its portion of the cladding system to the façade installer, who then completed
and installed the system under the direction of the general contractor. Neither Arconic nor AAP SAS was involved in the design
or installation of the system used at the Grenfell Tower, nor did it have a role in any other aspect of the building’s refurbishment
or original design. Regulatory investigations into the overall Grenfell Tower matter are being conducted, including a criminal
investigation by the London Metro Police, a Public Inquiry by the British government and a consumer protection inquiry by a
French public authority. AAP SAS has sought and received core participant status in the Public Inquiry. The Company will no
longer sell the PE product for architectural use on buildings.
Howard v. Arconic Inc. et al. As previously reported, a purported class action complaint related to the Grenfell Tower fire was
filed on August 11, 2017 in the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania against Arconic Inc. and
Klaus Kleinfeld. A related purported class action complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Western District
of Pennsylvania on August 25, 2017, under the caption Sullivan v. Arconic Inc. et al., against Arconic Inc., two former Arconic
executives, several current and former Arconic directors, and banks that acted as underwriters for Arconic’s September 18,
2014 preferred stock offering (the “Preferred Offering”). The plaintiff in Sullivan had previously filed a purported class action
against the same defendants on July 18, 2017 in the Southern District of New York and, on August 25, 2017, voluntarily
dismissed that action without prejudice. On February 7, 2018, on motion from certain putative class members, the court
consolidated Howard and Sullivan, closed Sullivan, and appointed lead plaintiffs in the consolidated case. On April 9, 2018, the
lead plaintiffs in the consolidated purported class action filed a consolidated amended complaint. The consolidated amended
98
complaint alleges that the registration statement for the Preferred Offering contained false and misleading statements and
omitted to state material information, including by allegedly failing to disclose material uncertainties and trends resulting from
sales of Reynobond PE for unsafe uses and by allegedly expressing a belief that appropriate risk management and compliance
programs had been adopted while concealing the risks posed by Reynobond PE sales. The consolidated amended complaint
also alleges that between November 4, 2013 and June 23, 2017 Arconic and Kleinfeld made false and misleading statements
and failed to disclose material information about the Company’s commitment to safety, business and financial prospects, and
the risks of the Reynobond PE product, including in Arconic’s Form 10-Ks for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2013, 2014,
2015 and 2016, its Form 10-Qs and quarterly financial press releases from the fourth quarter of 2013 through the first quarter of
2017, its 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 Annual Reports, and its 2016 Annual Highlights Report. The consolidated amended
complaint seeks, among other things, unspecified compensatory damages and an award of attorney and expert fees and
expenses. On June 8, 2018, all defendants moved to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint for failure to state a claim.
Briefing on that motion is now closed and the parties await a ruling.
Raul v. Albaugh, et al. As previously reported, on June 22, 2018, a derivative complaint was filed nominally on behalf of
Arconic by a purported Arconic shareholder against all current members of Arconic’s Board of Directors, Klaus Kleinfeld and
Ken Giacobbe, naming Arconic as a nominal defendant, in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. The
complaint raises similar allegations as the consolidated amended complaint in Howard, as well as allegations that the
defendants improperly authorized the sale of Reynobond PE for unsafe uses, and asserts claims under Section 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Delaware state law. On July 13, 2018, the parties filed a stipulation agreeing to stay this
case until the final resolution of the Howard case, the Grenfell Tower public inquiry in London, and the investigation by the
London Metropolitan Police Service and on June 23, 2018, the Court approved the stay.
While the Company believes that these cases are without merit and intends to challenge them vigorously, there can be no
assurances regarding the ultimate resolution of these matters. Given the preliminary nature of these matters and the uncertainty
of litigation, the Company cannot reasonably estimate at this time the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or the possible loss
or range of losses in the event of an unfavorable outcome. The Board of Directors has also received letters, purportedly sent on
behalf of shareholders, reciting allegations similar to those made in the federal court lawsuits and demanding that the Board
authorize the Company to initiate litigation against members of management, the Board and others. The Board of Directors has
appointed a Special Litigation Committee of the Board to review and make recommendations to the Board regarding the
appropriate course of action with respect to these shareholder demand letters. The Special Litigation Committee and the Board
are continuing to consider the appropriate responses to the shareholder demand letters in view of developments in proceedings
concerning the Grenfell Tower fire.
Other. In addition to the matters discussed above, various other lawsuits, claims, and proceedings have been or may be
instituted or asserted against Arconic, including those pertaining to environmental, product liability, safety and health,
employment, tax and antitrust matters. While the amounts claimed in these other matters may be substantial, the ultimate
liability cannot currently be determined because of the considerable uncertainties that exist. Therefore, it is possible that the
Company’s liquidity or results of operations in a period could be materially affected by one or more of these other matters.
However, based on facts currently available, management believes that the disposition of these other matters that are pending or
asserted will not have a material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on the results of operations, financial position
or cash flows of the Company.
Commitments
Purchase Obligations. Arconic has entered into purchase commitments for raw materials, energy and other goods and
services, which total $770 in 2019, $169 in 2020, $27 in 2021, $24 in 2022, $8 in 2023, and $5 thereafter.
Operating Leases. Certain land and buildings, plant equipment, vehicles, and computer equipment are under operating lease
agreements. Total expense for all leases was $144 in 2018, $113 in 2017, and $110 in 2016. Under long-term operating leases,
minimum annual rentals are $94 in 2019, $74 in 2020, $54 in 2021, $40 in 2022, $30 in 2023, and $87 thereafter.
Guarantees. At December 31, 2018, Arconic had outstanding bank guarantees related to tax matters, outstanding debt,
workers’ compensation, environmental obligations, energy contracts, and customs duties, among others. The total amount
committed under these guarantees, which expire at various dates between 2019 and 2026 was $37 at December 31, 2018.
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement between Arconic and Alcoa Corporation, Arconic was required to
provide certain guarantees for Alcoa Corporation, which had a combined fair value of $6 and $8 at December 31, 2018 and
2017, respectively, and were included in Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits on the accompanying Consolidated
Balance Sheet. Arconic was required to provide payment guarantees for Alcoa Corporation issued on behalf of a third party
related to project financing for Alcoa Corporation’s aluminum complex in Saudi Arabia. During the third quarter of 2018,
Arconic was released from this guarantee. Furthermore, Arconic was required to provide guarantees related to two long-term
supply agreements for energy for Alcoa Corporation facilities in the event of an Alcoa Corporation payment default. In October
99
2017, Alcoa Corporation announced that it had terminated one of the two agreements, the electricity contract with Luminant
Generation Company LLC that was tied to its Rockdale Operations, effective as of October 1, 2017. As a result of the
termination of the Rockdale electricity contract, Arconic recorded income of $25 in the fourth quarter of 2017 associated with
reversing the fair value of the electricity contract guarantee. For the remaining long-term supply agreement, Arconic is required
to provide a guarantee up to an estimated present value amount of approximately $1,087 and $1,297 at December 31, 2018 and
December 31, 2017, respectively, in the event of an Alcoa Corporation payment default. This guarantee expires in 2047. For
this guarantee, subject to its provisions, Arconic is secondarily liable in the event of a payment default by Alcoa Corporation.
Arconic currently views the risk of an Alcoa Corporation payment default on its obligations under the contract to be remote.
In December 2016, Arconic entered into a one-year claims purchase agreement with a bank covering claims up to $245 related
to the Saudi Arabian joint venture and two long-term energy supply agreements. The majority of the premium was paid by
Alcoa Corporation. The agreement matured in December 2017 and was not renewed in 2018 due to the decline in exposure to
guarantee claims including a substantial reduction in the guarantees related to the Saudi Arabian joint venture and also the
elimination of the guarantee related to the Rockdale energy contract. In December 2018, Arconic entered into a one-year
insurance policy with a limit of $80 relating to the remaining long-term energy supply agreement. The premium is expected to
be paid by Alcoa Corporation. The decision to enter into a claims purchase agreement or insurance policy will be made on an
annual basis going forward.
Letters of Credit. Arconic has outstanding letters of credit, primarily related to workers’ compensation, environmental
obligations and leasing obligations. The total amount committed under these letters of credit, which automatically renew or
expire at various dates, mostly in 2019, was $136 at December 31, 2018.
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, Arconic was required to retain letters of credit of $54 that had
previously been provided related to both Arconic and Alcoa Corporation workers’ compensation claims which occurred prior to
November 1, 2016. Alcoa Corporation workers’ compensation claims and letter of credit fees paid by Arconic are being
proportionally billed to and are being fully reimbursed by Alcoa Corporation.
Surety Bonds. Arconic has outstanding surety bonds primarily related to tax matters, contract performance, workers’
compensation, environmental-related matters, and customs duties. The total amount committed under these surety bonds, which
expire at various dates, primarily in 2019, was $50 at December 31, 2018.
Pursuant to the Separation and Distribution Agreement, Arconic was required to provide surety bonds related to Alcoa
Corporation workers’ compensation claims which occurred prior to November 1, 2016 and, as a result, Arconic has $25 in
outstanding surety bonds relating to these liabilities. Alcoa Corporation workers’ compensation claims and surety bond fees
paid by Arconic are being proportionately billed to and are being fully reimbursed by Alcoa Corporation.
V. Separation Transaction and Discontinued Operations
On November 1, 2016, Arconic completed the Separation Transaction. Alcoa Inc., which was re-named Arconic Inc., continues
to own the Global Rolled Products (except for the Warrick, IN rolling operations and the equity interest in the rolling mill at the
joint venture in Saudi Arabia), Engineered Products and Solutions, and Transportation and Construction Solutions segments.
Alcoa Corporation includes the Alumina and Primary Metals segments and the aforementioned Warrick, IN rolling operations
and equity interest in the rolling mill at the joint venture in Saudi Arabia, both of which were formally part of the Global Rolled
Products segment.
Arconic completed the Separation Transaction by distribution on November 1, 2016 of 80.1% of the outstanding common stock
of Alcoa Corporation to the Company’s shareholders of record (the “Distribution”) as of the close of business on October 20,
2016 (the “Record Date”). Arconic retained 19.9% of the Alcoa Corporation common stock (36,311,767 shares). In the
Distribution, each Company shareholder received one share of Alcoa Corporation common stock for every three shares of
Arconic common stock held as of the close of business on the Record Date. Shareholders received cash in lieu of fractional
shares of Alcoa Corporation common stock. The Company had recorded the retained interest as a cost method investment in
Investment in common stock of Alcoa Corporation in the December 2016 Consolidated Balance Sheet. The fair value of
Arconic’s retained interest in Alcoa Corporation was $1,020 at December 31, 2016 and was based on the closing stock price of
Alcoa Corporation as of December 31, 2016 multiplied by the number of shares of Alcoa Corporation common stock owned by
the Company at that date.
In February 2017, Arconic sold 23,353,000 of its shares of Alcoa Corporation common stock at $38.03 per share, which
resulted in cash proceeds of $888 which were recorded in Sales of investments within Investing Activities in the accompanying
Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows, and a gain of $351 which was recorded in Other expense (income), net in the
accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. In April and May 2017, the Company acquired a portion of its
outstanding notes held by two investment banks (the “Investment Banks”) in exchange for cash and the Company’s remaining
12,958,767 Alcoa Corporation shares (valued at $35.91 per share) (the “Debt-for-Equity Exchange”) (See Note P). A gain of
$167 on the Debt-for-Equity Exchange was recorded in Other expense (income), net in the accompanying Statement of
100
Consolidated Operations. As of May 4, 2017, the Company no longer maintained a retained interest in Alcoa Corporation
common stock.
On October 31, 2016, Arconic entered into several agreements with Alcoa Corporation that govern the relationship of the
parties following the completion of the Separation Transaction. These agreements include the following: Separation and
Distribution Agreement, Transition Services Agreement, Tax Matters Agreement, Employee Matters Agreement, Alcoa
Corporation to Arconic Inc. Patent, Know-How, and Trade Secret License Agreement, Arconic Inc. to Alcoa Corporation
Patent, Know-How, and Trade Secret License Agreement, Alcoa Corporation to Arconic Inc. Trademark License Agreement,
Toll Processing and Services Agreement (the “Toll Processing Agreement”), Master Agreement for the Supply of Primary
Aluminum, Massena Lease and Operations Agreement, Fusina Lease and Operations Agreement, and Stockholder and
Registration Rights Agreement.
Effective November 1, 2016, Arconic entered into a Toll Processing Agreement with Alcoa Corporation for the tolling of metal
for the Warrick, IN rolling mill which became a part of Alcoa Corporation upon completion of the Separation Transaction. As
part of this arrangement, Arconic provided a toll processing service to Alcoa Corporation to produce can sheet products at its
facility in Tennessee through the end date of the contract, December 31, 2018. Alcoa Corporation supplied all required raw
materials to Arconic and Arconic processed the raw materials into finished can sheet coils ready for shipment to the end
customer. Tolling revenues for 2018, 2017, and the two-month period ended December 31, 2016 and accounts receivable at
December 31, 2018, December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016 were not material to the consolidated results of operations
and financial position for the years ended December 31, 2018, December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016.
As part of the Separation Transaction, Arconic was required to provide maximum potential future payment guarantees for Alcoa
Corporation issued on behalf of a third party, guarantees related to two long-term Alcoa Corporation energy supply agreements,
guarantees related to certain Alcoa Corporation environmental liabilities and energy supply contracts, letters of credit and
surety bonds related to Alcoa Corporation workers’ compensation claims which occurred prior to November 1, 2016, and letters
of credit for certain Alcoa Corporation equipment leases and energy contracts (see Note U).
As part of the Separation Transaction, Arconic had recorded a receivable in the December 2016 Consolidated Balance Sheet for
the net after-tax proceeds from Alcoa Corporation’s sale of the Yadkin Hydroelectric Project. The transaction closed and the
Company received proceeds of $238 in the first quarter of 2017 and the remaining $5 in the second quarter of 2017. The $243
proceeds were included in Other within Investing Activities in the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows.
The results of operations of Alcoa Corporation were presented as discontinued operations in the Statement of Consolidated
Operations as summarized below (the amounts presented in the table below have not been recast to reflect the adoption of new
guidance issued by the FASB related to the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit
cost as detailed in Note A):
Sales
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of expenses below)
Selling, general administrative, and other expenses
Research and development
Provision for depreciation, depletion and amortization
Restructuring and other charges
Interest expense
Other (income) expenses, net
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes
Provision for income taxes
Income from discontinued operations after income taxes
Less: Net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income from discontinued operations
Ten months
ended October 31,
2016
$
$
6,752
5,655
164
28
593
102
28
(75)
257
73
184
63
121
During 2017 and 2016, Arconic recognized $18 ($12 after-tax) and $193 ($158 after-tax), respectively, in Selling, general
administrative, and other expenses on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations for costs related to the
Separation Transaction. In addition, Arconic also incurred capital expenditures and debt issuance costs of $110 during 2016
related to the Separation Transaction. None of the aforementioned costs and expenses related to the Separation Transaction
were reclassified into discontinued operations.
101
On November 1, 2016, management evaluated the net assets of Alcoa Corporation for potential impairment and determined that
no impairment charge was required.
The cash flows related to Alcoa Corporation have not been segregated and are included in the Statement of Consolidated Cash
Flows for 2016. The following table presents depreciation, depletion and amortization, restructuring and other charges, and
purchases of property, plant and equipment of the discontinued operations related to Alcoa Corporation:
For the year ended December 31,
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
Restructuring and other charges
Capital expenditures
W. Subsequent Events
2016
593
102
298
$
$
$
Management evaluated all activity of Arconic and concluded that no subsequent events have occurred that would require
recognition in the Consolidated Financial Statements or disclosure in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements,
except as noted below:
On January 22, 2019, the Company announced that its Board of Directors (the Board) had determined to no longer pursue a
potential sale of Arconic as part of its strategy and portfolio review.
On February 6, 2019, the Company announced that the Board appointed John C. Plant, current Chairman of the Board, as
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, effective February 6, 2019, to succeed Chip Blankenship, who ceased
to serve as Chief Executive Officer of the Company and resigned as a member of the Board, in each case as of that date. In
addition, the Company announced that the Board appointed Elmer L. Doty, current member of the Board, as President and
Chief Operating Officer, a newly created position, effective February 6, 2019. Mr. Doty will remain a member of the Board.
The Company also announced that Arthur D. Collins, Jr., current member of the Board, has been appointed interim Lead
Independent Director of the Company, effective February 6, 2019.
On February 8, 2019, the Company announced the following key initiatives as part of its ongoing strategy and portfolio review:
plans to reduce operating costs, designed to maximize the impact in 2019; the planned separation of its portfolio into
Engineered Products and Forgings (EP&F) and Global Rolled Products (GRP), with a spin-off of one of the businesses; the
potential sale of businesses that do not best fit into EP&F or GRP; execute its previously authorized $500 share repurchase
program in the first half of 2019; the Board authorized an additional $500 of share repurchases, effective through the end of
2020; and plans to reduce its quarterly common stock dividend from $0.06 to $0.02 per share.
On February 19, 2019, the Company entered into an accelerated share repurchase (“ASR”) agreement with JPMorgan Chase
Bank to repurchase $700 of its common stock, pursuant to the share repurchase program previously authorized by the
Board. Under the ASR agreement, Arconic will receive initial delivery of approximately 32 million shares on February 21,
2019. The final number of shares to be repurchased will be based on the volume-weighted average price of Arconic’s common
stock during the term of the transaction, less a discount. The ASR agreement is expected to be completed during the first half of
2019.
The Company will evaluate its organizational structure in conjunction with the planned separation of its portfolio and changes
to its reportable segments are expected in the first half of 2019.
102
Supplemental Financial Information (unaudited)
Quarterly Data
(in millions, except per-share amounts)
2018
Sales
Net income
Earnings per share attributable to Arconic common
shareholders(1):
Basic
Net income per share—basic
Diluted
Net income per share—diluted
2017
Sales
Net income (loss)
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to Arconic
common shareholders(1):
Basic
Net income (loss) per share—basic
Diluted
Net income (loss) per share—basic
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
First
Second
Third
Fourth(2)
Year
3,445 $
143 $
3,573 $
120 $
3,524 $
161 $
3,472 $
218 $
14,014
642
0.30 $
0.25 $
0.33 $
0.45 $
1.33
0.29 $
0.24 $
0.32 $
0.44 $
1.30
3,192 $
322 $
3,261 $
212 $
3,236 $
119 $
3,271 $
(727) $
12,960
(74)
0.69 $
0.44 $
0.23 $
(1.51) $
(0.28)
0.65 $
0.43 $
0.22 $
(1.51) $
(0.28)
(1)
(2)
Per share amounts are calculated independently for each period presented; therefore, the sum of the quarterly per share
amounts may not equal the per share amounts for the year.
In the fourth quarter of 2018, Arconic recorded a gain of $119 ($154 pre-tax) on the sale of the Texarkana rolling mill,
offset by pension plan settlement charges of $72 ($92 pre-tax) associated with significant lump sum payments made to
participants and a loss of $39 ($43 pre-tax) on the sale of the Eger, Hungary forgings business. Additionally, Arconic
recorded discrete tax items primarily comprised of a benefit related to certain prior year foreign investment losses no
longer recapturable. In the fourth quarter of 2017, Arconic recorded an impairment of goodwill related to the forgings
and extrusions business of $719 ($719 pre-tax); a provisional charge of $272 associated with the revaluation of U.S.
net deferred tax assets due to a decrease in the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, as well as a one-time
transition tax on the non-previously taxed earnings and profits of certain U.S.-owned foreign corporations as of
December 31, 2017; a favorable adjustment to the Firth Rixson earn-out liability of $81 ($81 pre-tax); and a favorable
adjustment to a separation-related guarantee liability of $16 ($25 pre-tax).
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Arconic’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the Company’s disclosure controls and
procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period
covered by this report, and they have concluded that these controls and procedures are effective.
(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting is included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K beginning
on page 51.
(c) Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm
The effectiveness of Arconic’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018 has been audited by
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included in
Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K on page 52.
103
(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2018, that have materially
affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Item 9B. Other Information.
None.
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
The information required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K regarding directors is contained under the caption “Item 1 Election of
Directors” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference. The information required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K
regarding executive officers is set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this report under “Executive Officers of the Registrant.”
The information required by Item 405 of Regulation S-K is contained under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership
Reporting Compliance” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.
The Company’s Code of Ethics for the CEO, CFO and Other Financial Professionals is publicly available on the Company’s
Internet website at http://www.arconic.com under the section “Investors—Corporate Governance.” The remaining information
required by Item 406 of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Corporate Governance” and “Corporate Governance
—Business Conduct Policies and Code of Ethics” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.
The information required by Items 407(c)(3), (d)(4) and (d)(5) of Regulation S-K is included under the captions “Item 1
Election of Directors—Nominating Board Candidates—Procedures and Director Qualifications” and “Corporate Governance—
Committees of the Board—Audit Committee” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Director Compensation”, “Executive
Compensation” and “Corporate Governance—Recovery of Incentive Compensation” of the Proxy Statement. Such information
is incorporated by reference.
The information required by Items 407(e)(4) and (e)(5) of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Corporate
Governance—Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Item 3 Advisory Approval of Executive
Compensation—Compensation Committee Report” of the Proxy Statement. Such information (other than the Compensation
Committee Report, which shall not be deemed to be “filed”) is incorporated by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
The information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K relating to securities authorized for issuance under equity
compensation plans is contained under the caption “Equity Compensation Plan Information” of the Proxy Statement and is
incorporated by reference.
The information required by Item 403 of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Arconic Stock Ownership— Stock
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” and “— Stock Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers” of the Proxy
Statement and is incorporated by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
The information required by Item 404 of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Executive Compensation” (excluding
the information under the caption “Compensation Committee Report”) and “Corporate Governance— Related Person
Transactions” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.
The information required by Item 407(a) of Regulation S-K regarding director independence is contained under the captions
“Item 1 Election of Directors” and “Corporate Governance” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
The information required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A is contained under the captions “Item 2 Ratification of Appointment of
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm—Report of the Audit Committee” and “— Audit and Non-Audit Fees” of the
Proxy Statement and in Attachment A (Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures for Audit and Non-Audit Services) thereto and is
incorporated by reference.
104
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) The consolidated financial statements and exhibits listed below are filed as part of this report.
(1) The Company’s consolidated financial statements, the notes thereto and the report of the Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm are on pages 53 through 102 of this report.
(2) Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, not required, or the required
information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits.
Exhibit
Number
2(a)
2(b)
2(c)
2(d)
Description*
Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 25, 2014, by and among Alcoa Inc., Alcoa IH Limited, FR
Acquisition Corporation (US), Inc., FR Acquisitions Corporation (Europe) Limited, FR Acquisition Finance
Subco (Luxembourg), S.à.r.l. and Oak Hill Capital Partners III, L.P. and Oak Hill Capital Management
Partners III, L.P., collectively in their capacity as the Seller Representative, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated June 27,
2014.
Separation and Distribution Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and between Arconic Inc. and
Alcoa Corporation, incorporated by reference to exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 4, 2016.
Tax Matters Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and between Arconic Inc. and Alcoa Corporation,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 2.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file
number 1-3610) dated November 4, 2016.
Employee Matters Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and between Arconic Inc. and Alcoa
Corporation, incorporated by reference to exhibit 2.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 4, 2016.
2(d)(1)
Amendment No. 1, dated December 13, 2016, to Employee Matters Agreement, dated as of October 31,
2016, by and between Arconic Inc. and Alcoa Corporation, incorporated by reference to exhibit 2(e)(1) to
the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended
December 31, 2016.
2(e)
2(f)
2(g)
2(h)
Alcoa Corporation to Arconic Inc. Patent, Know-How, and Trade Secret License Agreement, dated as of
October 31, 2016, by and between Alcoa USA Corp. and Arconic Inc., incorporated by reference to exhibit
2.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 4,
2016.
Arconic Inc. to Alcoa Corporation Patent, Know-How, and Trade Secret License Agreement, dated as of
October 31, 2016, by and between Arconic Inc. and Alcoa USA Corp., incorporated by reference to exhibit
2.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 4,
2016.
Amended and Restated Alcoa Corporation to Arconic Inc. Trademark License Agreement, dated as of June
25, 2017, by and between Alcoa USA Corp. and Arconic Inc., incorporated by reference to exhibit 2 to the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended June
30, 2017.
Master Agreement for the Supply of Primary Aluminum, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and between
Alcoa Corporation and its affiliates and Arconic Inc., incorporated by reference to exhibit 2.9 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 4, 2016.
105
2(i)
2(j)
3(a)
3(b)
4(a)
4(b)
4(c)
4(c)(1)
4(c)(2)
4(c)(3)
4(d)
4(e)
4(f)
4(g)
Massena Lease and Operations Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2016, by and between Arconic Inc. and
Alcoa Corporation, incorporated by reference to exhibit 2.10 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 4, 2016.
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated October 12, 2017, by and between Arconic Inc., a Pennsylvania
corporation, and Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation, incorporated by reference to exhibit 2.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated January 4, 2018.
Certificate of Incorporation of Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation, incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.1
to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated January 4, 2018.
Bylaws of Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation, incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s
Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated January 4, 2018.
Form of Certificate for Shares of Common Stock of Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610)
dated January 4, 2018.
Bylaws. See exhibit 3(b) above.
Form of Indenture, dated as of September 30, 1993, between Alcoa Inc. and The Bank of New York Trust
Company, N.A., as successor to J. P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association (formerly Chase
Manhattan Trust Company, National Association), as successor Trustee to PNC Bank, National Association,
as Trustee (undated form of Indenture incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(a) to Registration Statement
No. 33-49997 on Form S-3).
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 25, 2007, between Alcoa Inc. and The Bank of New York
Trust Company, N.A., as successor to J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association (formerly Chase
Manhattan Trust Company, National Association), as successor Trustee to PNC Bank, National Association,
as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated January 25, 2007.
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 15, 2008, between Alcoa Inc. and The Bank of New York
Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as successor in interest to J. P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association
(formerly Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association, as successor to PNC Bank, National
Association), as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(c) to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated July 15, 2008.
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 31, 2017, between Arconic Inc., a Pennsylvania
corporation, Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company,
N.A., as trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated January 4, 2018.
Form of 6.75% Bonds Due 2028, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(d) to the Company’s Annual Report
on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Form of 5.90% Notes Due 2027, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(e) to the Company’s Annual Report
on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Form of 5.95% Notes Due 2037, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(f) to the Company’s Annual Report
on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Form of 5.87% Notes Due 2022, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report
on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated February 21, 2007.
106
4(h)
4(i)
4(j)
4(k)
4(k)(1)
4(k)(2)
4(k)(3)
4(k)(4)
Form of 6.150% Notes Due 2020, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4 to the Company’s Current Report
on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated August 3, 2010.
Form of 5.40% Notes Due 2021, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4 to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated April 21, 2011.
Form of 5.125% Notes Due 2024, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.5 to the Company’s Current Report
on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated September 22, 2014.
Indenture, dated as of December 14, 2010, between RTI International Metals, Inc. and The Bank of New
York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(m) to the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 17, 2013, between RTI International Metals, Inc. and The
Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(n) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December
31, 2015.
Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 23, 2015, between RTI International Metals, Inc. and The
Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.1 on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated July 23, 2015.
Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 30, 2017, between RTI International Metals, Inc. and
The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated December 4, 2017.
Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 31, 2017, between Arconic Inc., a Pennsylvania
corporation, Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation, and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company,
N.A., as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated January 4, 2018.
4(k)(5)
Form of 1.625% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2019. See exhibit 4(k)(1) above.
4(l)
4(m)
4(n)
4(o)
4(p)
Arconic Bargaining Retirement Savings Plan (formerly known as the Alcoa Retirement Savings Plan for
Bargaining Employees), as Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2015, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 4(p) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year
ended December 31, 2015.
Arconic Hourly Non-Bargaining Retirement Savings Plan (formerly known as the Alcoa Retirement Savings
Plan for Hourly Non-Bargaining Employees), as Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2015,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(q) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file
number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Arconic Fastener Systems and Rings Retirement Savings Plan (formerly known as the Alcoa Retirement
Savings Plan for Fastener Systems Employees), as Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2015,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(r) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file
number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2015.
Arconic Salaried Retirement Savings Plan (formerly known as the Alcoa Retirement Savings Plan for
Salaried Employees), as Amended and Restated effective January 1, 2015, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 4(s) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year
ended December 31, 2015.
Arconic Retirement Savings Plan for ATEP Bargaining Employees, effective January 1, 2017, incorporated
by reference to exhibit 4 to Post-Effective Amendment, dated December 30, 2016, to Registration Statement
No. 333-32516 on Form S-8.
107
10(a)
10(b)
10(b)(1)
10(b)(2)
10(b)(3)
10(b)(4)
10(c)
10(d)
10(e)
10(f)
10(g)
Earnout Agreement, dated as of June 25, 2014, by and among Alcoa Inc., FR Acquisition Finance Subco
(Luxembourg), S.à.r.l. and Oak Hill Capital Partners III, L.P. and Oak Hill Capital Management Partners III,
L.P., collectively in their capacity as the Seller Representative, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated June 27, 2014.
Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of July 25, 2014, among Alcoa Inc., the Lenders and
Issuers named therein, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent for the Lenders and Issuers, and JPMorgan
Chase Bank, N.A., as Syndication Agent, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s
Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated July 31, 2014.
Extension Request and Amendment Letter, dated as of June 5, 2015, among Alcoa Inc., each lender and
issuer party thereto, and Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, effective July 7, 2015, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610)
dated July 13, 2015.
Amendment No. 1, dated September 16, 2016, to the Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of
July 25, 2014, among Arconic Inc., the lenders and issuers named therein, Citibank, N.A., as administrative
agent, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as syndication agent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated September 19, 2016.
Assumption Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2017, by Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation, in favor
of and for the benefit of the Lenders and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent, incorporated by reference
to exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated
January 4, 2018.
Amendment No. 2, dated as of June 29, 2018, to the Company’s Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement
dated as of July 25, 2014, by and among the Company, a syndicate of lenders and issuers named therein,
Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent for the lenders and issuers, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as
syndication agent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated July 2, 2018.
Plea Agreement dated January 8, 2014, between the United States of America and Alcoa World Alumina
LLC, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(l) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2013.
Agreement, dated February 1, 2016, by and between Elliott Associates, L.P., Elliott International, L.P.,
Elliott International Capital Advisors Inc. and Alcoa Inc., incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated February 1, 2016.
Settlement Agreement, dated as of May 22, 2017, by and among Elliott Associates, L.P., Elliott
International, L.P., Elliott International Capital Advisors Inc. and Arconic Inc., incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated May
22, 2017 (reporting an event on May 21, 2017).
Letter Agreement, by and among Arconic Inc. and Elliott Associates, L.P., Elliott International, L.P. and
Elliott International Capital Advisors Inc., dated as of December 19, 2017, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated
December 19, 2017.
Registration Rights Agreement, by and among Arconic Inc. and Elliott Associates, L.P., Elliott International,
L.P. and Elliott International Capital Advisors Inc., dated as of December 19, 2017, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610)
dated December 19, 2017.
108
10(g)(1)
Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement, by and among Arconic Inc. and Elliott Associates, L.P.,
Elliott International, L.P. and Elliott International Capital Advisors Inc., dated as of February 2, 2018,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file
number 1-3610) dated February 6, 2018.
10(h)
10(i)
10(i)(1)
10(i)(2)
10(j)
10(j)(1)
10(j)(2)
10(j)(3)
10(k)
10(l)
Alcoa Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m) Compliant Annual Cash Incentive Compensation Plan, as
Amended and Restated, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b) to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated May 11, 2016.
2004 Summary Description of the Alcoa Incentive Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference to exhibit
10(g) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter
ended September 30, 2004.
Incentive Compensation Plan of Alcoa Inc., as revised and restated effective November 8, 2007,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(k)(1) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission
file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Amendment to Incentive Compensation Plan of Alcoa Inc., effective December 18, 2009, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(n)(2) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number
1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Arconic Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan C (formerly referred to as the Alcoa Inc. Employees’ Excess
Benefits Plan, Plan C), as amended and restated effective August 1, 2016, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10(j) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year
ended December 31, 2016.
First Amendment to Arconic Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan C (as amended and restated effective
August 1, 2016), effective January 1, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(l)(1) to the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Second Amendment to Arconic Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan C (as amended and restated effective
August 1, 2016), effective January 1, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(l)(2) to the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Third Amendment to Arconic Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan C (as amended and restated effective August
1, 2016), incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated January 8, 2018.
Deferred Fee Plan for Directors, as amended effective July 9, 1999, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10
(g)(1) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter
ended June 30, 1999.
Amended and Restated Deferred Fee Plan for Directors, effective November 1, 2016, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(c) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number
1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2016.
10(m)
Non-Employee Director Compensation Policy, effective February 6, 2019.
10(n)
Fee Continuation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(k) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended
December 31, 1989.
10(n)(1)
Amendment to Fee Continuation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, effective November 10, 1995,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(i)(1) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission
file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1995.
109
10(n)(2)
Second Amendment to the Fee Continuation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, effective September 15,
2006, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated September 20, 2006.
10(o)
Arconic Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended and restated effective August 1, 2016, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(p) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number
1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2016.
10(o)(1)
First Amendment to the Arconic Deferred Compensation Plan (as amended and restated effective August 1,
2016), effective January 1, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(r)(1) to the Company’s Annual
Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2017.
10(p)
10(q)
10(r)
10(s)
10(t)
10(u)
10(u)(1)
10(u)(2)
10(v)
10(w)
Summary of the Executive Split Dollar Life Insurance Plan, dated November 1990, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(m) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number
1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1990.
Amended and Restated Dividend Equivalent Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 1997, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(h) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number
1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
Form of Indemnity Agreement between the Company and individual directors or officers, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(j) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610)
for the year ended December 31, 1987.)
Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Company and individual directors or officers, incorporated
by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number
1-3610) dated January 25, 2018.
Amended and Restated 2009 Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan, dated February 15, 2011, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(z)(1) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number
1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2010.
Arconic Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives (formerly referred to as the Alcoa Supplemental
Pension Plan for Senior Executives), as amended and restated effective August 1, 2016, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(v) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number
1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2016.
First Amendment to Arconic Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives (as amended and restated
effective August 1, 2016), effective January 1, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(x)(1) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December
31, 2017.
Second Amendment to Arconic Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives (as amended and restated
effective August 1, 2016), effective January 1, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(x)(2) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December
31, 2017.
Deferred Fee Estate Enhancement Plan for Directors, effective July 10, 1998, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10(r) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1- 3610) for the year
ended December 31, 1998.
Arconic Inc. Change in Control Severance Plan, as amended and restated effective February 1, 2018,
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file
number 1-3610) dated February 6, 2018.
110
10(x)
10(y)
Letter Agreement, dated August 14, 2007, between Alcoa Inc. and Klaus Kleinfeld, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(b) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number
1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2007.
Executive Severance Agreement, as amended and restated effective December 8, 2008, between Alcoa Inc.
and Klaus Kleinfeld, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(gg) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(y)(1)
Letter Agreement between Arconic Inc. and Klaus Kleinfeld, dated February 27, 2017, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(y)(1) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number
1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2016.
10(z)
10(aa)
10(bb)
10(cc)
10(dd)
10(ee)
10(ff)
10(gg)
Separation Agreement between Arconic Inc. and Klaus Kleinfeld, dated July 31, 2017, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(c) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number
1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 2017.
Form of Executive Severance Agreement between the Company and new officers entered into after July 22,
2010, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(a) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
(Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2010.
Arconic Inc. Executive Severance Plan, as effective February 27, 2017, incorporated by reference to exhibit
10(aa) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended
December 31, 2016.
Letter Agreement, by and between Alcoa Inc. and Katherine H. Ramundo, dated as of July 28, 2016,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(ff) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission
file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Letter Agreement, from Arconic Inc. to Katherine H. Ramundo, dated as of May 31, 2018, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(c) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number
1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 2018.
Letter Agreement between Arconic Inc. and David P. Hess, dated May 17, 2017, incorporated by reference
to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated May
22, 2017 (reporting an event on May 17, 2017).
Letter Agreement, by and between Arconic Inc. and Charles P. Blankenship, dated as of October 19, 2017,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file
number 1-3610) dated October 23, 2017
Letter Agreement, by and between Arconic Inc. and Mark J. Krakowiak, dated as of January 20, 2018,
incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(ii) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file
number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2017.
10(hh)
Letter Agreement, from Arconic Inc. to Ken Giacobbe, dated as of February 14, 2019.
10(ii)
10(jj)
Arconic Global Pension Plan, as amended and restated effective August 1, 2016, incorporated by reference
to exhibit 10(bb) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the
year ended December 31, 2016.
Global Expatriate Employee Policy (pre-January 1, 2003), incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(uu) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended
December 31, 2005.
111
10(kk)
10(ll)
Arconic Inc. Legal Fee Reimbursement Plan, effective as of April 30, 2018, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10(b) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the
quarter ended March 31, 2018.
Summary Description of Equity Choice Program for Performance Equity Award Participants, dated
November 2005, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 16, 2005.
10(mm)
2013 Arconic Stock Incentive Plan, as Amended and Restated, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated May 22, 2018.
10(mm)(1) Terms and Conditions (Australian Addendum) to the 2013 Arconic Stock Incentive Plan, effective May 3,
2013, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(d) to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
(Commission file number 1-3610) dated May 8, 2013.
10(nn)
10(oo)
10(oo)(1)
10(pp)
10(qq)
10(rr)
10(ss)
10(tt)
10(uu)
RTI International Metals, Inc. 2004 Stock Plan, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(b) to the Company’s
Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated July 23, 2015.
RTI International Metals, Inc. 2014 Stock and Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(a) to
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated July 23, 2015.
First Amendment to the RTI International Metals, Inc. 2014 Stock and Incentive Plan, as amended and
assumed by Arconic Inc., dated February 1, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(oo)(1) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December
31, 2017.
Form of Award Agreement for Stock Options, effective May 8, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit
10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated May 13, 2009.
Form of Award Agreement for Stock Options, effective January 1, 2010, incorporated by reference to exhibit
10(ddd) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year
ended December 31, 2009.
Terms and Conditions for Stock Options, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10
(c) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter
ended June 30, 2011.
Terms and Conditions for Stock Option Awards, effective May 3, 2013, incorporated by reference to exhibit
10(b) to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated May 8, 2013.
Terms and Conditions for Stock Option Awards under the 2013 Arconic Stock Incentive Plan, effective
July 22, 2016, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(d) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
(Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 2016.
Global Stock Option Award Agreement, effective January 19, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10
(uu) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended
December 31, 2017.
10(vv)
Form of Stock Option Award Agreement, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(f) to the Company’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 2018.
10(ww)
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units, effective May 3, 2013, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10(c) to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1- 3610) dated
May 8, 2013.
112
10(xx)
10(yy)
10(zz)
10(aaa)
10(bbb)
10(ccc)
10(ddd)
10(eee)
10(fff)
10(ggg)
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units under the 2013 Arconic Stock Incentive Plan, effective
July 22, 2016, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(c) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
(Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 2016.
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units for Annual Director Awards under the 2013 Arconic Stock
Incentive Plan, effective November 30, 2016, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(vv) to the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units for Annual Director Awards under the 2013 Arconic Stock
Incentive Plan, as Amended and Restated, effective December 5, 2017, incorporated by reference to exhibit
10(a) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter
ended March 31, 2018.
Terms and Conditions for Deferred Fee Restricted Share Units for Director Awards under the 2013 Arconic
Stock Incentive Plan, effective November 30, 2016, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(ww) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December
31, 2016.
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units issued on or after January 13, 2017, under the 2013
Arconic Stock Incentive Plan, effective January 13, 2017, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(xx) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December
31, 2016.
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units - Interim CEO (David P. Hess) Award, effective
October 23, 2017, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(ccc) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units - Non-Executive Chairman (John C. Plant) Director Award,
effective October 23, 2017, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(ddd) to the Company’s Annual Report
on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units - Non-Executive Chairman (John C. Plant) Director Award,
effective October 23, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(a) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2018.
Global Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement, effective January 19, 2018, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10(eee) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the
year ended December 31, 2017.
Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units issued on or after January 19, 2018, under the 2013
Arconic Stock Incentive Plan, effective January 19, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(fff) to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December
31, 2017.
10(hhh)
Form of Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(g) to the
Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended
June 30, 2018.
10(iii)
10(jjj)
Terms and Conditions for Special Retention Awards under the 2013 Arconic Stock Incentive Plan, effective
January 1, 2015, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(a) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-
Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 2015.
Terms and Conditions for Special Retention Awards under the 2013 Arconic Stock Incentive Plan, effective
July 22, 2016, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(e) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
(Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 2016.
113
10(kkk)
Global Special Retention Award Agreement, effective January 19, 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit
10(kkk) to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year
ended December 31, 2017.
10(lll)
Special Retention Award Agreement - Katherine H. Ramundo, effective May 16, 2018, incorporated by
reference to exhibit 10(d) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number
1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 2018.
10(mmm)
Special Retention Award Agreement - Paul Myron, effective May 16, 2018, incorporated by reference to
exhibit 10(e) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the
quarter ended June 30, 2018.
10(nnn)
Special Retention Award Agreement - Ken Giacobbe, effective February 12, 2019.
21
23
24
31
32
Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
Power of Attorney for certain directors.
Certifications pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101. INS
XBRL Instance Document.
101. SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101. CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101. DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101. LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101. PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
* Exhibit Nos. 10(h) through 10(nnn) are management contracts or compensatory plans required to be filed as Exhibits to this
Form 10-K.
Amendments and modifications to other Exhibits previously filed have been omitted when in the opinion of the registrant such
Exhibits as amended or modified are no longer material or, in certain instances, are no longer required to be filed as Exhibits.
No other instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt of the registrant or its subsidiaries have been filed as
Exhibits because no such instruments met the threshold materiality requirements under Regulation S-K. The registrant agrees,
however, to furnish a copy of any such instruments to the Commission upon request.
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.
None.
114
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SIGNATURES
February 21, 2019
By
ARCONIC INC.
Paul Myron
Vice President and Controller (Also signing as Principal
Accounting Officer)
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
Title
Date
John C. Plant
(Principal Executive Officer and Director)
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
February 21, 2019
Ken Giacobbe
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
February 21, 2019
James F. Albaugh, Amy E. Alving, Christopher L. Ayers, Arthur D. Collins, Jr., Elmer L. Doty, Rajiv L. Gupta, David P. Hess,
Sean O. Mahoney, David J. Miller, E. Stanley O’Neal, and Ulrich R. Schmidt, each as a Director, on February 21, 2019, by
Paul Myron, their Attorney-in-Fact.*
*By
Paul Myron
Attorney-in-Fact
115
SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT
(As of December 31, 2018)
Name
Arconic Domestic LLC
Arconic Securities LLC
Howmet International Inc.
Howmet Holdings Corporation
Howmet Corporation
Arconic International Holding Company LLC
Arconic Luxembourg S.à r.l.
Arconic Inversiones España S.L.
Arconic Inversiones Internacionales S.L.
Arconic-Köfém Kft
Arconic Global Treasury Services S.a.r.l.
Alumax LLC
Alumax Mill Products, Inc.
Cordant Technologies Holding Company
Arconic Global Fasteners & Rings, Inc.
Huck International Inc.
FR Acquisition Corporation (US), Inc.
JFB Firth Rixson Inc.
Exhibit 21
State or
Country of
Organization
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Luxembourg
Spain
Spain
Hungary
Luxembourg
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
The names of particular subsidiaries have been omitted because, considered in the aggregate as a single subsidiary, they would
not constitute, as of the end of the year covered by this report, a “significant subsidiary” as that term is defined in Regulation S-
X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
116
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Exhibit 23
We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-32516, 333-106411,
333-128445, 333-146330, 333-153369, 333-155668, 333-159123, 333-168428, 333-170801, 333-182899, 333-189882,
333-203275, 333-209772, 333-212246 and 333-229727) of Arconic Inc. of our report dated February 21, 2019 relating to the
financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10‑K.
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
February 21, 2019
117
I, John C. Plant, certify that:
Certifications
Exhibit 31
1.
2.
3.
4.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Arconic Inc.;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and
have:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those
entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in
this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of
the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that
occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the
case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board
of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)
(b)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control
over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to
record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a
significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 21, 2019
Name: John C. Plant
Title: Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
118
I, Ken Giacobbe, certify that:
1.
2.
3.
4.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Arconic Inc.;
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report,
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and
have:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the
registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those
entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in
this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of
the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that
occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the
case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board
of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)
(b)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control
over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to
record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a
significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 21, 2019
Name: Ken Giacobbe
Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
119
Certification
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18,
United States Code), each of the undersigned officers of Arconic Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), does hereby
certify that:
The Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2018 (the “Form 10-K”) of the Company fully complies
with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and information contained in the
Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Exhibit 32
Dated:
February 21, 2019
Dated:
February 21, 2019
Name:
John C. Plant
Title:
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Name: Ken Giacobbe
Title:
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or
otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by
Section 906, has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and
Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.
The foregoing certification is being furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Form 10-K and
shall not be considered filed as part of the Form 10-K.
120
Calculation of Financial Measures (unaudited)
(dollars in millions, except per-share amounts)
Reconciliation of Net Income Excluding Special Items
Year ended December 31,
Net income (loss)
Special items:
Restructuring and other charges
Discrete tax items(1)
Other special items(2)
Tax impact(3)
Net income excluding Special items
Diluted EPS excluding Special items
2018
2017
2018
2017
$
642
$
(74) $
1.30
$
(0.28)
9
(15)
59
(19)
165
223
264
40
Net income excluding Special items
$
676
$
618
$
1.36
$
1.22
Net income excluding Special items and Diluted EPS excluding Special items are non-GAAP financial measures. Management
believes that these measures are meaningful to investors because management reviews the operating results of Arconic excluding the
impacts of Restructuring and other charges, Discrete tax items, and Other special items (collectively, “Special items”). There can be
no assurances that additional special items will not occur in future periods. To compensate for this limitation, management believes
that it is appropriate to consider both Net income determined under GAAP as well as Net income excluding Special items.
(1)
Discrete tax items for each period included the following:
•
•
for the year ended December 31, 2018, a benefit related to certain prior year foreign investment losses no longer
recapturable ($74); a benefit to reverse a foreign tax reserve that is effectively settled ($38), a benefit to release
valuation allowances and revalue deferred taxes due to current year tax law and tax rate changes in various U.S. states
($12), a benefit to record prior year adjustments in various jurisdictions ($7), a benefit to recognize the tax impact of
prior year foreign losses in continuing operations that were supported by foreign income in other comprehensive
income ($6), partially offset by a charge to establish a tax reserve in Spain ($60); a net charge resulting from the
Company’s finalized analysis of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Acts of 2017 ($59); and a net charge for a number of
small items ($3); and
for the year ended December 31, 2017, a charge resulting from the enactment of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Acts of
2017 that principally relates to the revaluation of U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities from 35% to 21% ($272),
charge for a reserve against a foreign attribute resulting from the Company’s Delaware reincorporation ($23),
partially offset by a benefit for the reversal of state valuation allowances ($69) and a number of small items ($3).
(2)
Other special items included the following:
•
•
for the year ended December 31, 2018, costs related to settlements of certain customer claims primarily related to
product introductions ($38), a benefit from establishing a tax indemnification receivable ($29) reflecting Alcoa
Corporation’s 49% share of the Spanish tax reserve, costs related to the early redemption of the Company’s
outstanding 5.720% Senior Notes due 2019 ($19), legal and other advisory costs related to Grenfell Tower ($18),
strategy and portfolio review costs ($7), a charge for a number of small tax items ($5), and an other charge ($1); and
for the year ended December 31, 2017, an impairment of goodwill related to the forgings and extrusions business
($719), a gain on the sale of a portion of Arconic’s investment in Alcoa Corporation common stock ($351), a gain on
the exchange of the remaining portion of Arconic’s investment in Alcoa Corporation common stock ($167), a
favorable adjustment to the Firth Rixson earn-out ($81), costs associated with the Company’s early redemption of
$1,250 of outstanding senior notes ($76), proxy, advisory, and governance-related costs ($58), a favorable adjustment
to a separation-related guarantee liability ($25), costs associated with the separation of Alcoa Inc. ($18), legal and
other advisory costs related to Grenfell Tower ($14), and costs associated with the Company’s Delaware
reincorporation ($3).
(3)
The tax impact on special items is based on the applicable statutory rates whereby the difference between such rates and
Arconic’s consolidated estimated annual effective tax rate is itself a Special item.
The average number of shares applicable to diluted EPS excluding Special items, includes certain share equivalents as their effect was
dilutive. For all periods presented, share equivalents associated with outstanding employee stock options and awards and shares
underlying outstanding convertible debt (acquired through the acquisition of RTI) were dilutive based on Net income excluding
Special items.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, share equivalents associated with mandatory convertible preferred stock were anti-dilutive
based on Net income excluding Special items.
121
Reconciliation of Adjusted Free Cash Flow
Year ended December 31,
Cash provided from (used for) operations
Cash receipts from sold receivables(1)
Capital expenditures
Adjusted free cash flow
2018
2017
$
$
217
$
1,016
(768)
465
$
(39)
792
(596)
157
(1)
Accounting guidance effective in 2018 changed the classification of Cash receipts from sold receivables in the cash flow
statement, reclassifying it from Operating activities to Investing activities. Under the prior accounting guidance, Cash
receipts from sold receivables were included in the (Increase) in receivables line in the Operating activities section of the
statement of cash flows.
There has been no change in the net cash funding in the sale of accounts receivable program in the fourth quarter of 2018. It
remains at $350.
Adjusted free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure. Management believes that this measure is meaningful to investors
because management reviews cash flows generated from operations after taking into consideration capital expenditures (due to
the fact that these expenditures are considered necessary to maintain and expand Arconic’s asset base and are expected to
generate future cash flows from operations), as well as cash receipts from net sales of beneficial interest in sold receivables. In
conjunction with the implementation of the new accounting guidance on changes to the classification of certain cash receipts
and cash payments within the statement of cash flows, specifically as it relates to the requirement to reclassify cash receipts
from net sales of beneficial interest in sold receivables from operating activities to investing activities, the Company has
changed the calculation of its measure of Adjusted free cash flow to include cash receipts from net sales of beneficial interest in
sold receivables. This change to our measure of Adjusted free cash flow is being implemented to ensure consistent presentation
of this measure across all historical periods. The adoption of this accounting guidance does not reflect a change in our
underlying business or activities. It is important to note that Adjusted free cash flow does not represent the residual cash flow
available for discretionary expenditures since other non-discretionary expenditures, such as mandatory debt service
requirements, are not deducted from the measure.
122
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DIRECTORS
(As of March 18, 2019)
James F. Albaugh, Former President and Chief Executive Officer for Commercial Airplanes, The Boeing Company;
Former President and Chief Executive Officer for Integrated Defense Systems, The Boeing Company
Amy E. Alving, Former Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer, Leidos Holdings, Inc.
Christopher L. Ayers, Former President and Chief Executive Officer, WireCo WorldGroup Inc.
Arthur D. Collins, Jr., Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Medtronic, Inc.
Elmer L. Doty, President and Chief Operating Officer, Arconic Inc.
Rajiv L. Gupta, Chairman, Aptiv PLC; Chairman, Avantor Inc.
David P. Hess, Former Interim Chief Executive Officer, Arconic Inc.; Former Executive Vice President and Chief
Customer Officer for Aerospace, United Technologies Corporation
Sean O. Mahoney, Private Investor; Former Partner and Head of the Financial Sponsors Group, Goldman, Sachs & Co.
David J. Miller, Equity Partner, Senior Portfolio Manager and Head of U.S. Restructuring, Elliott Management
Corporation
E. Stanley O’Neal, Former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc.
John C. Plant, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Arconic Inc.
Ulrich R. Schmidt, Former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Spirit Aerosystems Holdings, Inc.
OFFICERS
(As of March 18, 2019)
Michael Chanatry
Vice President
Chief Commercial Officer
Elmer L. Doty
President
Chief Operating Officer
Ken Giacobbe
Executive Vice President
Chief Financial Officer
Peter Hong
Vice President and Treasurer
Max W. Laun
Vice President
General Counsel
Chief Ethics and Compliance
Officer
Neil E. Marchuk
Executive Vice President
Human Resources
Paul Myron
Vice President and Controller
Timothy D. Myers
Executive Vice President
Group President, Global Rolled
Products and Transportation and
Construction Solutions
John C. Plant
Chairman
Chief Executive Officer
Katherine H. Ramundo
Executive Vice President
Chief Legal Officer and Secretary
Bruce E. Thompson
Vice President
Internal Audit
Scott M. Zahorchak
Vice President
Tax
ASSISTANT OFFICERS
Janet F. Duderstadt
Assistant Secretary
Group General Counsel, Global
Rolled Products
Margaret S. Lam
Assistant Secretary
Chief Securities and Governance
Counsel
Catherine D. Parroco
Assistant Secretary
Mary E. Zik
Assistant Controller
Printed in USA
© 2019 Arconic
Shareholder Information
COMPANY NEWS
Visit www.arconic.com for Securities and Exchange
Commission filings, quarterly earnings reports, and other
Company news.
Copies of the annual report, proxy statement, and Forms 10-K
and 10-Q may be requested at no cost by visiting
www.arconic.com/investors or by writing to Corporate
Communications, Arconic, 201 Isabella St., Pittsburgh, PA 15212.
INVESTOR INFORMATION
Securities analysts and investors may write to
Investor Relations, Arconic, 390 Park Avenue,
New York, NY 10022-4608, call 1.212.836.2758,
or e-mail investor.relations@arconic.com.
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
For more information on Arconic Foundation and Arconic
community investments, visit www.arconic.com/foundation.
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES
Shareholders with questions on account balances, dividend
checks, reinvestment, direct deposit, address changes, lost
or misplaced stock certificates, or other shareholder
account matters may contact Arconic’s stock transfer agent,
registrar, and dividend-disbursing agent, Computershare:
By telephone:
1.888.985.2058 (in the United States and Canada)
1.201.680.6578 (all other callers)
1.800.231.5469 (Telecommunications Device for the Deaf: TDD)
On the web:
www.computershare.com
By regular mail:
Computershare Investor Services
P.O. Box 505000
Louisville, KY 40233-5000
For Arconic’s Sustainability Report, visit
www.arconic.com/global/en/who-we-are/sustainability-report.asp
or write to Corporate Sustainability at Arconic, 201 Isabella
Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15212; or e-mail
sustainability@arconic.com.
By overnight correspondence:
Computershare Investor Services
462 South 4th Street
Suite 1600
Louisville, KY 40202
DIVIDENDS
Cash dividend decisions are made by Arconic’s Board of
Directors, and are reviewed on a regular basis.
DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT
Arconic’s transfer agent sponsors and administers a Dividend
Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan for shareholders of
Arconic’s common stock and $3.75 cumulative preferred
stock. The plan allows shareholders to reinvest all or part of
their quarterly dividends in shares of Arconic common stock.
Shareholders may also purchase additional shares of common
stock under the plan with cash contributions.
DIRECT DEPOSIT OF DIVIDENDS
Shareholders may have their quarterly dividends deposited
directly to their checking, savings or money market accounts
at any financial institution that participates in the Automated
Clearing House system.
For shareholder questions on other matters related to
Arconic, write to: Corporate Secretary’s Office,
Arconic, 390 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022-4608,
call 1.212.836.2732,
or e-mail corporate.secretary@arconic.com.
STOCK LISTING
Common Stock
New York Stock Exchange | Ticker symbol: ARNC
$3.75 Cumulative Preferred Stock (Class A)
NYSE American | Ticker symbol: ARNC PR
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ARCONIC | 2018 ANNUAL REPORT
COVER IMAGE: Arconic is a leading producer of highly
engineered components for aero engines that power
the world’s most advanced aircraft.
ARCONIC.COM
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