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Arotech Corporation

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FY2017 Annual Report · Arotech Corporation
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

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3235-0063
August 31, 2020

1,998.78

FORM 10-K

x  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR
THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED   DECEMBER 31, 2017.

o  TRANSITION  REPORT  PURSUANT  TO  SECTION  13  OR  15(d)  OF  THE  SECURITIES  EXCHANGE ACT  OF  1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ______ TO ______.

Commission File Number: 0-23336

AROTECH CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

95-4302784
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1229 Oak Valley Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan
(Address of principal executive offices)

48108
(Zip Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

(800) 281-0356
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Title of each class
Common Stock, $0.01 par value

Name of each exchange on which registered
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $0.01 par value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No ☒

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  (1)  has  filed  all  reports  required  to  be  filed  by  Section  13  or  15(d)  of  the  Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes x No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive
Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ☐

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate  by  check  mark  if  disclosure  of  delinquent  filers  pursuant  to  Item  405  of  Regulation  S-K  (§  229.405  of  this  chapter)  is  not
contained  herein,  and  will  not  be  contained,  to  the  best  of  registrant’s  knowledge,  in  definitive  proxy  or  information  statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ☐

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  is  large  accelerated  filer,  an  accelerated  filer,  a  non-accelerated  filer,  smaller  reporting
company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company,” and
“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer: £
Non-accelerated filer: £
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Emerging growth company: £

Accelerated filer: T
Smaller reporting company: £

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. £

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30,
2017 was approximately $93,817,930 (based on the last sale price of such stock on such date as reported by The Nasdaq Global Market
and assuming, for the purpose of this calculation only, that all of the registrant’s directors and executive officers are affiliates).

(Applicable only to corporate registrants)  Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock,
as of the latest practicable date: 26,452,462 as of 3/14/2018

Documents incorporated by reference: None

SEC 1673 (01-12)

Potential persons who are to respond to the collection of information contained in this form are not required to respond unless the
form displays a currently valid OMB control number.

 
PART I

TABLE OF CONTENTS

BUSINESS

ITEM 1.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.

PROPERTIES
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

PART II

ITEM 5.

ITEM 6.
ITEM 7.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATION

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 8.
ITEM 9.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 11.
ITEM 12.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

ITEM 13.
ITEM 14.

PART IV  

ITEM 15.
ITEM 16.

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
FORM 10-K SUMMARY

SIGNATURES

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Table of Contents

PRELIMINARY NOTE

This annual report contains historical information and forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to our business, financial condition and results of operations. The words “estimate,” “project,”
“intend,”  “expect”  and  similar  expressions  are  intended  to  identify  forward-looking  statements.  These  forward-looking  statements  are
subject  to  risks  and  uncertainties  that  could  cause  actual  results  to  differ  materially  from  those  contemplated  in  such  forward-looking
statements.  Further,  we  operate  in  an  industry  sector  where  securities  values  may  be  volatile  and  may  be  influenced  by  economic  and
other factors beyond our control. In the context of the forward-looking information provided in this annual report and in other reports,
please  refer  to  the  discussions  of  Risk  Factors  detailed  in,  as  well  as  the  other  information  contained  in,  our  other  filings  with  the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

All  company  and  product  names  mentioned  may  be  trademarks  or  registered  trademarks  of  their  respective  holders.  Unless

otherwise indicated, “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to Arotech Corporation and its subsidiaries.

PART I

ITEM 1.    BUSINESS

General

We are a defense and security company engaged in two business areas: interactive simulation, and mobile power systems.

Ø

We  develop,  manufacture  and  market  advanced  high-tech  multimedia  and  interactive  digital  solutions  for  engineering,  use-of-
force training and operator training of military, law enforcement, security, emergency services and other personnel through our
Training and Simulation Division:

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We provide interactive operator training systems featuring state-of-the-art vehicle simulator technology enabling training and
research  in  situation  awareness,  risk  analysis  and  decision-making,  emergency  reaction  and  avoidance  procedures,
conscientious equipment operation, and crew coordination;

We provide aircrew decision making support software, part-task aircraft simulators, and simulated weapon models to support
military operations and aircrew training to the United States and foreign militaries;

Under the trade name MILO Range™, we provide specialized “use-of-force” and judgment skills training systems for police,
security personnel and the military to train their personnel in safe, productive, and realistic environments; and

Under  the  trade  name  Realtime  Technologies™  (“Realtime”),  we  provide  consulting  and  development  support  for
engineering and research simulation solutions.

We  provide  advanced  battery  solutions,  innovative  energy  management  and  power  distribution  technologies  and  world-class
product design and manufacturing services for the aerospace, defense, law enforcement, and homeland security markets, and we
manufacture and sell primary and rechargeable batteries, for defense and security products and medical and industrial applications
through our Power Systems Division:

We  provide  high-end  electronics  engineering  and  design  services,  system  integration  services,  rapid  prototyping,  and
vertically-integrated  production  services  for  military,  aerospace,  and  industrial  customers,  including:  (i)  hybrid  power
generation  systems,  (ii)  smart  power  subsystems  for  military  vehicles  and  dismounted  applications,  and  (iii)  aircraft  and
missile systems support for cutting-edge weapons and communications technologies;

We develop and sell rechargeable and primary batteries and smart chargers to the military and medical markets and to private
defense industry in the Middle East, Europe and Asia under our Epsilor nameplate;

We develop, manufacture and market primary batteries, rechargeable batteries and battery chargers for the military, focusing
on soldier system applications that demand high energy and light weight batteries with intelligent power management and
distribution; and

We  produce  water-activated  lifejacket  lights  for  commercial  aviation  and  marine  applications  under  our  Electric  Fuel ®
nameplate.

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Table of Contents

Background

We were incorporated in Delaware in 1990 under the name “Electric Fuel Corporation,” and we changed our name to “Arotech

Corporation” on September 17, 2003. We operate through our various subsidiaries (all of which are 100% owned by us):

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FAAC Incorporated (“FAAC”), a Michigan corporation located in Ann Arbor, Michigan (Training and Simulation Division);

Epsilor-Electric  Fuel  Ltd.  (“Epsilor-EFL”),  an  Israeli  corporation  with  facilities  located  in  Beit  Shemesh,  Israel  (between
Jerusalem  and  Tel-Aviv),  Dimona,  Israel  (in  Israel’s  Negev  desert  area),  and  in  Sderot,  Israel  (near  the  Gaza  Strip)  (Power
Systems Division);

UEC Electronics, LLC (“UEC”), a South Carolina limited liability company located in Hanahan, South Carolina (Power Systems
Division); and

Electric  Fuel  Battery  Corporation  (“EFB”),  a  Delaware  corporation  located  in  Hanahan,  South  Carolina  (Power  Systems
Division).

Unless the context requires otherwise, all references to us refer collectively to Arotech Corporation and its subsidiaries.

For financial information concerning the business segments in which we operate, see Note 15.b. of the Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements. For financial information about geographic areas in which we engage in business, see Note 15.c. of the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.

Facilities

Our principal executive offices are located at 1229 Oak Valley Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, and our toll-free telephone
number at our executive offices is (800) 281-0356. Our corporate website is www.arotech.com. Our current reports on Form 8-K and our
periodic reports on Form 10-Q and Form 10-K, including any amendments thereto, as well as recent filings relating to transactions in our
securities  by  our  executive  officers  and  directors,  that  have  been  filed  with  the  SEC  in  EDGAR  format  are  made  available  through
hyperlinks located on the investor relations page of our website, at http://ir.arotech.com/all-sec-filings, as soon as reasonably practicable
after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. Reference to our websites does not constitute incorporation of any
of the information thereon or linked thereto into this annual report.

The offices and facilities of our Power Systems Division are located in Hanahan, South Carolina, and in Israel (in Beit Shemesh,
Dimona  and  Sderot,  all  of  which  are  within  Israel’s  pre-1967  borders).  Our  executive  operations  are  conducted  primarily  from  our
principal executive offices in Ann Arbor, Michigan, which is the headquarters of our Training and Simulation Division. The Training and
Simulation Division also maintains an office in Oviedo, Florida.

Training and Simulation Division

Our Training and Simulation Division develops, manufactures and markets an extensive array of trainers and simulation based
solutions  that  provide  interactive  and  situational  awareness  and  training  for  military,  law  enforcement,  commercial,  and  research
customers.  Our  simulators  safely  and  economically  train  people,  from  transit  bus/rail  operators  to  public  safety  personnel  to  military
convoy  crews,  to  respond  immediately  and  appropriately  in  threatening  and  dangerous  situations  while  under  extreme  pressure.  Our
solutions provide pilots of U.S. fighter aircraft accurate weapon employment information. We provide tools and simulation solutions used
in  leading  edge  vehicular  research.  During  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  revenues  from  our  Training  and  Simulation  Division  were
approximately $50.3 million, $46.4 million, and $54.6 million, respectively.

The Training and Simulation Division concentrates on three different product areas:

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Our Vehicle Simulation group provides high fidelity vehicle simulators for use in operator/crew training and research applications;

Our Air Warfare Simulations group provides weapon simulations used to train military pilots, weapon employment information
used in the effective use of air launched weapons, and part-task simulators to train aircrew; and

Our Use of Force group provides training products focused on developing judgement skills necessary for the proper employment
of various lethal and non-lethal options for public safety and military personnel.

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Table of Contents

Vehicle Simulation

We provide simulators, systems engineering support and software products focused on training vehicle operators for cars, trucks,
and military vehicles. We provide these products to the United States military, government, municipalities, and private industry. Our fully
interactive  driver-training  systems  feature  state-of-the-art  vehicle  simulator  technology  enabling  training  in  situation  awareness,  risk
analysis and decision making, emergency reaction and avoidance procedures, and proper equipment operation techniques. We also offer
simulation software applications, consulting services, and custom software and hardware development services primarily for use by the
automobile industry and universities engaged in the study of vehicle performance or operator/vehicle interactions. Our simulators have
been used to train hundreds of thousands of drivers.

Our  Vehicle  Simulation  group  focuses  on  the  development  and  delivery  of  complete  simulation  solutions  for  a  wide  range  of
vehicle  types  and  applications–  such  as  trucks,  automobiles,  subway  trains,  buses,  fire  trucks,  police  cars,  ambulances,  airport  ground
vehicles, and military vehicles and encompasses both driver training and full crew coordination training. We are the prime contractor for
the  U.S. Army’s  Virtual  Clearance  Training  Suite  (“VCTS”)  program.  VCTS  trains  route  clearance  teams  on  techniques  to  detect  and
neutralize improvised explosive devices. In 2017, 2016, and 2015, our Vehicle Simulations group accounted for approximately 27%, 37%,
and  40%,  respectively,  of  our  Training  and  Simulation  Division’s  revenues.  In  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  our  Vehicle  Simulations  group
accounted for 14%, 18%, and 23% of our consolidated revenues, respectively.

We believe that we have held a dominant market share in U.S. military wheeled vehicle operator driver training simulators since

1999 and that we are currently one of three significant participants in the U.S. municipal wheeled vehicle simulators market.

Air Warfare Simulations

In the area of Air Warfare Simulations, we believe we are a premier developer of validated, high fidelity analytical models and
simulations of tactical air and land warfare systems for all branches of the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”) and its related industrial
contractors. Our simulations are found in systems ranging from instrumented air combat and maneuver training ranges (such as Top Gun),
full task training devices such as the F-18 Weapon Tactics Trainer, and in the on-board computer of many fighter jet aircraft. We supply
on-board  software  to  support  weapon  launch  decisions  for  the  F-15,  F-16,  F-18,  F-22  and  F-35  aircraft.  Two  of  our  key Air  Warfare
Simulations  program  areas  are  the  Zone  Acquisition  Program  (ZAP™)  and  our  Combat  Training  System  (CTS)  weapon  simulation
solution. ZAP™ provides aircrew with weapon employment information using highly accurate high-speed weapon simulations embedded
in the operational flight programs of all US fighter aircraft. CTS provides validated weapon simulations for use on combat training ranges
and  third  party  aircraft  simulators.  In  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  our Air  Warfare  Simulations  group  accounted  for  38%,  35%,  and  36%,
respectively, of our Training and Simulation Division’s revenues. In 2017, 2016, and 2015, the Air Warfare Simulations group accounted
for 19%, 18%, and 20% of our consolidated revenues, respectively.

Use-of-Force

We are a leading provider of interactive, multimedia, fully digital use-of-force training simulators for law enforcement, security,
military and similar applications. With a large customer base spread over twenty countries around the world, we are a leader in the supply
of simulation training products to law enforcement, governmental, and commercial clients. We conduct our interactive training activities
and  market  our  interactive  training  products,  such  as  the  MILO  Range™  (interactive  Use-of-Force  and  firearms  training),  the  MILO
Theater™  (an  immersive  training  environment  enabling  trainees  to  experience  up  to  300  degrees  of  field  of  regard),  and  the  MILO
Response™ (judgement skills training for EMS personnel), using our MILO Range™ trade name. In 2017, 2016, and 2015, our Use-of-
Force  group  accounted  for  28%,  20%,  and  15%,  respectively,  of  our  Training  and  Simulation  Division’s  revenues.  In  2017,  2016,  and
2015, the Use-of-Force group accounted for 14.3%, 9.8%, and 8.4% of our consolidated revenues, respectively.

Warranty

We typically offer a one to two year warranty for most of our products. Additionally, we sell extended warranties to our existing
customers.  In  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  warranty  revenue  accounted  for  6%,  8%,  and  9%,  respectively,  of  our  Training  and  Simulation
Division’s revenues.

Marketing and Customers

We market our Training and Simulation Division products to all branches of the U.S. military, international militaries, federal
and  local  governments,  municipal  transportation  departments,  research  institutions,  private  organizations,  and  public  safety  groups.
Municipalities throughout the U.S. and Mexico are using our vehicle simulators and use-of-force products, and our penetration in Asia,
Europe  and  the  Americas  continues  through  the  use  of  commissioned  sales  agents,  regional  distributors,  and  strategic  corporate
partnerships.

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We  have  long-term  relationships,  many  of  over  twenty  years’  duration,  with  the  U.S. Air  Force,  U.S.  Navy,  U.S. Army,  U.S.
Marine Corps, Department of Homeland Security, and most major U.S. Department of Defense training and simulation prime contractors
and  related  subcontractors.  The  quality  of  our  customer  relationships  is  illustrated  by  the  multiple  program  contract  awards  we  have
earned from many of our customers.

Competition

Our  technical  excellence,  superior  product  reliability,  high  customer  satisfaction  and  warranty  services  have  enabled  us  to

develop market leadership and attractive competitive positions in each of our product areas.

Vehicle Simulators

Several  potential  competitors  in  this  segment  are  large,  diversified  defense  and  aerospace  conglomerates,  such  as  L-3
Technologies,  Inc.  (NYSE:  LLL)  and  Leidos  Holdings,  Inc.  (NYSE:  LDOS),  who  do  not  focus  exclusively  on  our  specific  niches. As
such, we are able to compete directly with these organizations based on our strength in developing higher quality software solutions or
provide  service  on  certain  large  military  contracts  through  strategic  agreements  with  these  organizations.  In  municipal  market
applications, we compete against smaller, less sophisticated companies, such as Raydon Corporation and Doron Precision Systems, Inc.
Many  of  our  large  business  competitors  have  financial,  technical,  marketing,  sales,  manufacturing,  distribution  and  other  resources
significantly greater than ours.

Air Warfare Simulations

Currently, we believe that no significant competitors participate in the markets we serve around our weapon simulation niche.
Our 45-year history in this space provides us with a library of resources that would require substantial investment by a competitor to offer
a  comparable  product.  The  companies  that  have  the  potential  to  compete  with  us  are  companies  that  now  subcontract  this  work  to  us:
Boeing Company (NYSE: BA) (“Boeing”), Raytheon Company (NYSE: RTN) (“Raytheon”), and Lockheed Martin Corporation (NYSE:
LMT).

Use of Force

We compete against a number of established companies that provide similar products and services, some of which have financial,
technical,  marketing,  sales,  manufacturing,  distribution  and  other  resources  significantly  greater  than  ours.  There  are  also  companies
whose products do not compete directly, but are sometimes closely related to the products we offer. Cubic Corporation (NYSE: CUB),
Meggitt PLC (LSE: MGT), VirTra, Inc. (OTCMKTS: VTSI.PK), Ti Training Corp., and Laser Shot, Inc. are our main competitors in this
space.

Power Systems Division

Our  Power  Systems  Division  develops  and  provides  sophisticated  portable  power  solutions  for  diverse  applications,  including
military  equipment  carried  by  soldiers,  hybrid  energy  generation/storage  in  austere  environments,  power  management  and  power
distribution, and clean, stable power for tactical vehicles, unmanned vehicles and medical devices, all of which are designed to complex
and demanding customer specifications. During 2017, 2016, and 2015, revenues from our Power Systems Division were approximately
$48.5 million, $46.6 million, and $42.0 million, respectively.

Electronics Engineering and Design Services for the Military

Introduction

We design, engineer, and manufacture proprietary electronics, spanning components and sub-assemblies, for a broad range of end
use  systems  in  multiple  markets  that  include  aerospace,  defense,  industrial  and  medical.  We  specialize  in  electronic/electromechanical
systems,  subsystems,  and  component  level  requirements,  which  include  circuit  card  assemblies  and  wire  and  cable  assemblies.  Our
products range from complex integrated assemblies up through multi-rack functional systems and test equipment.

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In  addition,  we  also  specialize  in  core,  proprietary  engineering  capabilities  in  highly-demanded  solution  areas,  including:  (i)
hybrid  power  generation  systems,  (ii)  smart  power  subsystems  for  military  vehicles  and  dismounted  applications,  and  (iii)  aircraft  and
missile  systems  support  for  cutting-edge  weapons  and  communications  technologies.  Our  unique  brand  of  comprehensive  service  is
highly  sought-after  by  customer  agencies  such  as  the  Marine  Corps  Systems  Command,  Space  and  Naval  Warfare  Systems  Command
(“SPAWAR”),  US Army  Communications  and  Electronics  Research  &  Development  Command  (“CERDEC”)  and  Tank Automotive
Command, as well as large prime contractors such as Raytheon, Science Applications International Corporation (NYSE: SAIC) (“SAIC”),
Boeing, Lockheed Martin Corporation (NYSE: LMT), and BAE Systems plc (LON: BA) (“BAE”). Our key program areas in this field
include the following:

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We supply the United States Marine Corps (“USMC”) with its program of record Ground Renewable Expeditionary Energy
Network Systems (“GREENS”), a renewable power generation, intelligent energy storage and distribution system for troops
serving  in  austere  environments.  GREENS  is  the  only  DoD  Program  of  Record  for  renewable  power  generation.  We  also
offer  a  commercial  (not-ITAR  restricted)  version  of  this  product,  targeting  both  domestic  and  international  markets  where
clean, reliable power in austere, rugged environments is a critical need.

We  have  supplied  the  USMC  with  Mobile  Hybrid  Expeditionary  Energy  System  (“MHEES”),  a  product  that  incorporates
both solar collection and high density battery technologies to intelligently reduce run time and optimize efficiency of tactical
generators.  This  single  system  is  scalable  to  3.5kW,  7kW  and  10.5kW  output,  making  it  an  ideal  solution  for  multiple
military  missions.  During  2017,  we  delivered  to  the  Marine  Corps  Systems  Command  the  next-generation  of  MHEES,
known as Mobile Electric Hybrid Power Sources (“MEHPS”). MEHPS is a modular, scalable system capable of delivering
clean, reliable three-phase power in a 5kW dismounted configuration as well as a 10kW trailer mounted configuration. UEC
will support government testing in 2018.

We have designed and continue to refine a proprietary Distributed Power Control and Management System (DPCMS) that
replaces  electrical  systems  on  aging  tactical  vehicles  such  at  the  Light Armored  Vehicle  (LAV)  and Amphibious Assault
Vehicle  (AAV).  This  power  management  and  distribution  system  enables  vehicles  that  have  already  exceeded  the  OEM’s
recommended  life  to  be  refurbished  and  to  take  advantage  of  new  automotive  communication  protocol  J-1939.  These
refurbishments permit aging tactical vehicle fleets to function as a new vehicle, without the cost implications of replacing it
with a new vehicle. This system has been successfully tested on LAVs and AAVs by the USMC and UEC is currently under
contract with the USMC to design and integrate the DPCMS system into multiple variants of the AAV.

We have developed significant expertise and past performance qualifications in the area of solutions for Command, Control,
Communications,  Computers  Intelligence,  Surveillance  and  Reconnaissance  (C4ISR),  providing  these  solutions  to,  among
others, SPAWAR and Raytheon.

Competition

Our main competitors for renewable energy and power management systems and services are ZeroBase Energy, LLC, a provider
of hybrid and renewable power systems, and Solar Stik, Inc., a provider of portable and custom power solutions.  In the realm of contract
design and manufacturing services, we compete with Sechan Electronics Inc., a provider of military electronic systems and subsystems,
IEC Electronics Corp.(NYSE: IEC), a provider of electronic contract manufacturing services, Celestica Inc. (NYSE: CLS), Ducommun
Incorporated  (NYSE:  DCO),  Sanmina-SCI  Corporation  (Nasdaq:  SANM),  and  Jabil  Circuit,  Inc.  (NYSE:  JBL),  a  supplier  of
manufacturing services for circuit board assemblies.

We  believe  the  fact  that  we  have  full-service  engineering  coupled  with  state-of-the-art  manufacturing  provides  us  with  an
advantage  over  most  of  our  competitors,  enabling  us  to  customize  solutions  for  customers,  quickly  develop  prototype  and  first-article
units, and move into full-rate production before many of our competitors are beyond the requirements definition phase. We believe few in
the industry have both the agility and capabilities required to offer this advantage. As a manufacturer, we build our own cable harnesses,
circuit  cards,  and  integrated  complex  assemblies,  which  enables  us  to  control  our  own  supply  chain  and  program  schedules.  These
combined  capabilities  have  resulted  in  lower  costs  and  shorter  lead  times,  both  very  important  discriminators  for  our  customers  in  this
current fiscal environment.

Marketing and Customers

We market to a diverse array of customers. The renewable and hybrid energy market prior to 2015 had been primarily focused on
the  U.S.  Department  of  Defense.  We  believe  we  have  achieved  significant  success  in  this  market;  however,  we  are  modifying  our
products to better meet commercial/industrial demands. In addition, we are refocusing marketing efforts internationally on the heels of our
GREENS and MHEES programs. Specific efforts include exhibiting at international trade shows like DSEI and Eurosatory, establishing
international  sales  channels,  establishing  networks  within  U.S.  commercial  markets,  and  an  increase  in  outbound  marketing  efforts
designed to drive potential customers to our solutions.

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Over  90%  of  revenues  are  attributed  to  existing  customers  with  new  requirements  or  referrals  of  new  customers  from  our
existing customer base. This customer loyalty is closely tied to our technical solutions, our on-time delivery and quality of product metrics
(consistently 98% or greater).

Manufacturing

Our three AS9100 and ISO 9001 registered facilities are located in the tri-county area of Charleston, South Carolina. All facilities
are well equipped with state of the art design tools and automated manufacturing equipment to support our customers’ design, testing, and
production needs.

Lithium Batteries and Charging Systems for Military, Industrial and Medical Markets

We  sell  lithium  batteries  and  charging  systems,  including  the  SWIPES™  power  hubs  that  we  produce  for  the Army’s  Soldier

Warrior program, to the military, industrial and medical markets.

We develop and produce high-end lithium batteries, both primary (disposable) and secondary (rechargeable), as well as “smart”
chargers for the rechargeable batteries and electronic sub-assemblies. We market to the military, the medical, and the industrial markets.
We  believe  we  are  among  the  few  companies  in  the  world  with  the  capability  to  develop  and  manufacture  complex  portable  power
sources  needed  by  high-end  portables.  We  perform  the  development  and  manufacturing  in-house  with  the  exception  of  the
electrochemical cells, which we purchase from suppliers. We have also begun to penetrate the “special” batteries market, meaning large
format batteries (such as those used to power submarines) and high power batteries (such as those used in missile launchers and battle
tank emergency startup units).

We  have  experience  in  working  with  government  agencies,  the  military  and  large  corporations.  Our  technical  team  has
significant expertise in the fields of electrochemistry, electronics, software and battery design, production, packaging and testing. We also
specialize in custom products that must meet the highest possible military, industrial and medical specifications.

Our  SWIPES™  power  hub  utilizes  the  MOLLE  (MOdular  Lightweight  Load-carrying  Equipment)  vest  and  integrates  force
protection electronics and communications equipment with an advanced battery. The system utilizes a modular power distribution system
that  is  powered  by  a  conformal  wearable  battery  allowing  for  extended  mission  times  without  the  burden  of  power  source  swaps  or
charging  due  to  their  high  energy  density.  It  also  reduces  the  battery  weight  soldiers  carry  by  up  to  30%.  The  batteries  continuously
charge the secondary batteries inside various devices, such as two way radios, GPS units and shot detection systems. In 2015 and 2016,
US Army CERDEC awarded us with a development contract to expand the solider system wearable capabilities through the development
of super capacitor based Radio Power Adapters (RPA). These RPAs are expected to further reduce the weight that a solider carries and
allows for the next level of capability for integrated soldier systems.

Customers

The principal customers for our lithium batteries during 2017 were the Israel Ministry of Defense, Elbit  Systems Ltd. (Nasdaq:
ESLT),  Israel Aerospace  Industries  Ltd.  (TASE: ARSP),  and  Rafael Advanced  Defense  Systems  Ltd.  The  principal  customer  for  our
soldier  power  systems  in  2017  was  the  U.S. Army,  with  interest  also  shown  from  the  U.K.  Ministry  of  Defence  and  the Australian
Defence Force.

Competition

There  are  a  limited  number  of  players  globally  that  are  a  one-stop-shop  for  high-end  custom  portable  power.  Our  main
competitors  are  Bren-Tronics,  Inc.,  Ultralife  Corporation  (Nasdaq:  ULBI)  (“Ultralife”),  Inventus  Power,  Protonex  Technology
Corporation, Saft America Inc., Electrochem Solutions, Inc., RRC Power Solutions and Inspired Energy Plc (LSE: INSE).

Manufacturing

Our  U.S.  manufacturing  facility  for  batteries  and  chargers  is  located  in  Hanahan,  South  Carolina,  in  the  Charleston  area.  In

parallel, we have manufacturing facilities in Beit Shemesh, Dimona and Sderot, all located in Israel.

Lifejacket Lights

We are a world leader in the supply of water-activated lifejacket and survivor locator lights to the marine and aviation markets.
Since  1996  we  have  offered  a  range  of  safety  products  used  by  the  marine  and  aerospace  industries,  commercial  airlines  and  military
outfitters. Our lifejacket lights are certified by air and marine regulatory organizations, and are available through distributors worldwide.

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Products

We have a product line consisting of seven lifejacket light models. Five of these models are for use with marine lifejackets and
two are for use with aviation lifejackets. The marine lifejacket lights come in two LED alkaline-powered models (a one-piece and a two-
piece  model),  two  LED  lithium-powered  models  (a  one-piece  product  and  a  two-piece  product),  and  a  two-piece  lithium-powered
incandescent  mode.  Both  our  aviation  locator  incandescent  lights  are  powered  by  our  patented  magnesium  copper  chloride  battery
chemistry. All of our lifejacket lights work in both freshwater and seawater. Each of our lifejacket lights is certified for use by relevant
governmental agencies under various U.S. and international regulations, including the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration’s Technical
Standard Order (“TSO”), the EU’s Marine Equipment Directive 96/98/EC (MED), and the International Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS)
Convention. We manufacture, assemble and package all our lifejacket lights in our factory in Beit Shemesh, Israel.

Marketing

We market our marine safety products through our own network of distributors in Europe, the United States, Asia and Oceania.

We market our lights to the commercial aviation industry through an independent company that receives a commission on sales.

Competition

Our  primary  competitor  in  the  field  of  aviation  safety  products,  including  TSO-approved  lifejacket  lights,  is ACR  Electronics
Inc. of Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. Other significant competitors in the marine market include Daniamant A/S of Denmark and England, a
provider of survivor location lights, and Alcares ApS of Denmark, a manufacturer of marine emergency lights.

Backlog

We  generally  sell  our  products  under  standard  purchase  orders.  Orders  constituting  our  backlog  are  subject  to  changes  in
delivery schedules and are typically cancelable by our customers until a specified time prior to the scheduled delivery date. Accordingly,
our backlog is not necessarily an accurate indication of future sales. As of December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, our funded backlog was
approximately $61.1 million, $55.4 million, and $63.0 million, respectively, divided between our divisions as follows:

Division

Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division

TOTAL:

Major Customers

2017
38,752,000    $
22,349,000     
61,101,000    $

2016
18,790,000    $
36,584,000     
55,374,000    $

2015
29,772,000 
33,248,000 
63,020,000 

  $

  $

During  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  including  both  of  our  divisions,  various  branches  of  the  United  States  military  accounted  for

approximately 33%, 41% and 48% of our revenues. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Government Contracts,” below.

Patents and Trade Secrets

We  rely  on  certain  proprietary  technology  and  seek  to  protect  our  interests  through  a  combination  of  patents,  trademarks,
copyrights,  know-how,  trade  secrets  and  security  measures,  including  confidentiality  agreements.  Our  policy  generally  is  to  secure
protection for significant innovations to the fullest extent practicable. Further, we seek to expand and improve the technological base and
individual features of our products through ongoing research and development programs.

Our intellectual property portfolio includes four issued U.S. patents, which expire between 2018 and 2037. We also have various

patent applications pending for examination in U.S. and foreign jurisdictions.

We  rely  on  the  laws  of  unfair  competition  and  trade  secrets  to  protect  our  proprietary  rights.  We  attempt  to  protect  our  trade
secrets and other proprietary information through confidentiality and non-disclosure agreements with customers, suppliers, employees and
consultants, and through other security measures. However, we may be unable to detect the unauthorized use of, or take appropriate steps
to enforce our intellectual property rights. Effective trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which we offer or
intend to offer our products and services to the same extent as in the United States. Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property
could harm or even destroy our brands and impair our ability to compete effectively. Further, enforcing our intellectual property rights
could  result  in  the  expenditure  of  significant  financial  and  managerial  resources  and  may  not  prove  successful. Although  we  intend  to
protect our rights vigorously, there can be no assurance that these measures will be successful.

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Research and Development

During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  our  research  and  product  development  expenses  were
approximately $3.0 million, $2.7 million, and $3.1 million, respectively. Not included in these figures are any costs pertaining to the Flow
Battery  segment  that  was  discontinued  on August  31,  2016,  or  any  research  and  development  where  the  costs  were  underwritten  by
customers or charged directly to projects as non-recovered engineering costs.

Employees

As of December 31, 2017, we employed 489 total employees worldwide, substantially all of whom were full-time employees.

Our success will depend in large part on our ability to attract and retain skilled and experienced employees.

With respect to those of our employees who are Israeli residents, Israeli law generally requires severance pay upon the retirement
or death of an employee or termination of employment without due cause. We currently partially fund our ongoing severance obligations
by making monthly payments to approved severance funds or insurance policies.

Raw Materials

We are dependent on the availability of raw materials from our suppliers. The most important raw materials are lithium cells and
zinc for our batteries. We purchase these raw materials from various suppliers. We believe alternative sources generally exist for the raw
materials used for our batteries.

Regulatory Matters

Our  businesses  are  heavily  regulated  in  most  of  our  markets.  We  deal  with  numerous  U.S.  government  agencies  and  entities,
including,  but  not  limited  to,  branches  of  the  U.S.  military  and  the  Department  of  Homeland  Security.  Similar  government  authorities
exist in our international markets. We are also subject to export regulations. For additional information related to export regulations, see
Item 1A, entitled “Risk Factors – We may not be able to receive or retain the necessary licenses or authorizations required for us to export
or re-export….”

Government Contracts

The U.S. government, and other governments, may terminate any of our government contracts at their convenience, as well as for
default, based on our failure to meet specified performance requirements. If any of our U.S. government contracts were to be terminated
for convenience, we generally would be entitled to receive payment for work completed and allowable termination or cancellation costs.
If any of our government contracts were to be terminated for default, generally the U.S. government would pay only for the work that has
been accepted and can require us to pay the difference between the original contract price and the cost to re-procure the contract items,
net of the work accepted from the original contract. The U.S. government can also hold us liable for damages resulting from the default.
For additional information related to government contracts, see Item 1A. “Risk Factors – Risks Related to Government Contracts.”

Environmental

We are subject to various federal, state, local and non-U.S. laws and regulations relating to environmental protection, including
the  discharge,  treatment,  storage,  disposal  and  remediation  of  hazardous  substances  and  wastes.  We  continually  assess  our  compliance
status and management of environmental matters to ensure our operations are in substantial compliance with all applicable environmental
laws  and  regulations.  Investigation,  remediation,  operation  and  maintenance  costs  associated  with  environmental  compliance  and
management of sites are a normal, recurring part of our operations. These costs often are allowable costs under our contracts with the U.S.
government. It is reasonably possible that continued environmental compliance could have a material impact on our results of operations,
financial  condition  or  cash  flows  if  additional  work  requirements  or  more  stringent  clean-up  standards  are  imposed  by  regulators,  new
areas  of  soil  and  groundwater  contamination  are  discovered  and/or  expansions  of  work  scope  are  prompted  by  the  results  of
investigations.

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ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS

The  following  factors,  among  others,  could  cause  actual  results  to  differ  materially  from  those  contained  in  forward-looking

statements made in this Report and presented elsewhere by management from time to time.

Business-Related Risks

We have had a history of losses and may incur future losses.

We  have  incurred  significant  net  losses  since  our  inception.  As  of  December  31,  2017,  we  had  an  accumulated  deficit  of
approximately $181.6 million. In an effort to reduce operating expenses and maximize available resources, we have consolidated certain
of our subsidiaries, shifted personnel and reassigned responsibilities. We have also taken a variety of other measures to limit spending and
will continue to assess our internal processes to seek additional cost-structure improvements. Although we believe that such steps have
helped to reduce our operating expenses and maximize our available resources and enabled us to operate at a net profit in the recent past,
there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain profitability consistently or that our business will continue to exist.

Our  existing  indebtedness  may  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  obtain  additional  funds  and  may  increase  our  vulnerability  to
economic  or  business  downturns.  Failure  to  comply  with  the  terms  of  our  indebtedness  could  result  in  a  default  that  could  have
material adverse consequences for us.

Our  bank  and  other  indebtedness  (short  and  long  term)  totaled  approximately  $15.9  million  as  of  December  31,  2017  (not
including trade payables, other account payables, and accrued severance pay), of which $5.1 million was bank working capital lines of
credit and approximately $7.7 million represents a term loan entered into to fund the UEC acquisition and a $3.1 million mortgage on our
property owned in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In addition, we may incur additional indebtedness in the future. Accordingly, we are subject to
the risks associated with significant indebtedness, including:

●

●

●

●

we must dedicate a portion of our cash flows from operations to pay principal and interest and, as a result, we may have less
funds available for operations and other purposes;

it may be more difficult and expensive to obtain additional funds through financings, if available at all;

we  are  more  vulnerable  to  economic  downturns  and  fluctuations  in  interest  rates,  less  able  to  withstand  competitive
pressures and less flexible in reacting to changes in our industry and general economic conditions; and

if  we  default  under  any  of  our  existing  debt  instruments,  including  paying  the  outstanding  principal  when  due,  and  if  our
creditors demand payment of a portion or all of our indebtedness, we may not have sufficient funds to make such payments.

The  occurrence  of  any  of  these  events  could  materially  adversely  affect  our  results  of  operations  and  financial  condition  and

adversely affect our stock price.

Furthermore, a failure to comply with the obligations contained in the agreements governing our indebtedness could result in an
event of default under such agreements which could result in an acceleration of debt under other instruments evidencing indebtedness that
contain cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions. If our indebtedness were to be accelerated, there can be no assurance that our future
cash flow or assets would be sufficient to repay in full such indebtedness. In the past, we have received waivers that enabled us to avoid
covenant violations that could have triggered a default on our indebtedness. There can be no assurance that any similar waivers will, if
needed, be granted in the future.

We  may  not  be  successful  in  operating  our  electronics  engineering  and  design  services  for  the  military  business,  which  is  a

relatively new business for us.

The  business  of  electronics  engineering  and  design  services  for  the  military  is  a  relatively  new  business  for  us  and  our
management  group  has  limited  experience  operating  this  particular  type  of  business.  We  cannot  assure  that  we  will  be  successful  in
managing this new business. If we are unable to successfully operate this new business, our business, financial condition and results of
operations could be materially impaired.

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We may consider acquisitions in the future to grow our business, and such activity could subject us to various risks.

We may consider acquiring companies that will complement our existing operations or provide us with an entry into markets we
do not currently serve. Growth through acquisitions involves substantial risks, including the risk of improper valuation of the acquired
business and the risk of inadequate integration. There can be no assurance that suitable acquisition candidates will be available, that we
will  be  able  to  acquire  or  manage  profitably  such  additional  companies  or  that  future  acquisitions  will  produce  returns  that  justify  our
investments  in  such  companies.  In  addition,  we  may  compete  for  acquisition  and  expansion  opportunities  with  companies  that  have
significantly  greater  resources  than  we  do.  Furthermore,  acquisitions  could  disrupt  our  ongoing  business,  distract  the  attention  of  our
senior officers, increase our expenses, make it difficult to maintain our operational standards, controls and procedures and subject us to
contingent and latent risks that are different, in nature and magnitude, than the risks we currently face.

We may finance future acquisitions with cash from operations or additional debt or equity financings. There can be no assurance
that we will be able to generate internal cash or obtain financing from external sources or that, if available, such financing will be on terms
acceptable to us. The issuance of additional common stock to finance acquisitions may result in substantial dilution to our stockholders.
Any debt financing may significantly increase our leverage and may involve restrictive covenants which limit our operations.

If we are successful in acquiring additional businesses, we may experience a period of rapid growth that could place significant
additional  demands  on,  and  require  us  to  expand,  our  management,  resources  and  management  information  systems.  Our  failure  to
manage any such rapid growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash
flows.

Our earnings may decline if we write off goodwill and other intangible assets.

As of December 31, 2017, we had recorded goodwill of $46.1 million. Any future impairment of goodwill or other intangible
assets  may  have  a  significant  impact  on  earnings.  Goodwill  is  not  amortized,  but  is  tested  for  impairment  at  the  reporting  unit  level.
Goodwill  is  required  to  be  tested  for  impairment  annually  and  between  annual  tests  if  events  or  circumstances  indicate  that  it  is  more
likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. There are numerous risks that may cause the fair
value of a reporting unit to fall below its carrying amount, which could lead to the measurement and recognition of goodwill impairment.
These risks include, but are not limited to, adverse changes in legal factors or the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a
regulator, a more-likely-than-not expectation that all or a significant portion of a reporting unit may be disposed of, a sustained decline in
our market capitalization, significant negative variances between actual and expected financial results, and lowered expectations of future
financial results.

Significant judgments inherent in these analyses include assumptions about appropriate sales growth rates, weighted average cost
of capital (WACC) and the amount of expected future net cash flows. The judgments and assumptions used in the estimate of fair value
are  generally  consistent  with  the  projections  and  assumptions  that  are  used  in  current  operating  plans.  Such  assumptions  are  subject  to
change  as  a  result  of  changing  economic  and  competitive  conditions.  The  determination  of  fair  value  is  highly  sensitive  to  differences
between estimated and actual cash flows and changes in the related discount rate used to evaluate the fair value of the reporting units and
trade name.

The goodwill of our Training and Simulation Division equaled $24.4 million and the goodwill of our Power Systems Division
equaled  $21.7  million  at  December  31,  2017.  Based  on  the  discounted  cash  flow  valuation  at  December  31,  2017,  an  increase  in  the
WACC or changes in other significant variables for the Power Systems Division could potentially result in impairment.

Some of the components of our products pose potential safety risks which could create potential liability exposure for us.

Some of the components of our products contain elements that are known to pose potential safety risks. In addition to these risks,
there can be no assurance that accidents in our facilities will not occur. Any accident, whether occasioned by the use of all or any part of
our products or technology or by our manufacturing operations, could adversely affect commercial acceptance of our products and could
result in significant production delays or claims for damages resulting from injuries. Any of these occurrences would materially adversely
affect our operations and financial condition. In the event that our products fail to perform as specified, users of these products may assert
claims for substantial amounts. These claims could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
There  is  no  assurance  that  the  amount  of  the  general  product  liability  insurance  that  we  maintain  will  be  sufficient  to  cover  potential
claims or that the present amount of insurance can be maintained at the present level of cost, or at all.

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Our business is dependent on proprietary rights that may be difficult to protect and could affect our ability to compete effectively.

Our  ability  to  compete  effectively  will  depend  on  our  ability  to  maintain  the  proprietary  nature  of  our  technology  and
manufacturing  processes  through  a  combination  of  patent  and  trade  secret  protection,  non-disclosure  agreements  and  licensing
arrangements.

Litigation,  or  participation  in  administrative  proceedings,  may  be  necessary  to  protect  our  proprietary  rights.  This  type  of
litigation can be costly and time consuming and could divert company resources and management attention to defend our rights, and this
could harm us even if we were to be successful in the litigation and there is no guarantee we would be successful in such litigation. In the
absence of patent protection, and despite our reliance upon our proprietary confidential information, our competitors may be able to use
innovations  similar  to  those  used  by  us  to  design  and  manufacture  products  directly  competitive  with  our  products.  In  addition,  no
assurance can be given that others will not obtain patents that we will need to license or design around. To the extent any of our products
are covered by third-party patents, we could need to acquire a license under such patents to develop and market our products.

Despite  our  efforts  to  safeguard  and  maintain  our  proprietary  rights,  we  may  not  be  successful  in  doing  so.  In  addition,
competition is intense, and there can be no assurance that our competitors will not independently develop or patent technologies that are
substantially equivalent or superior to our technology. In the event of patent litigation, we cannot assure you that a court would determine
that we were the first creator of inventions covered by our issued patents or pending patent applications or that we were the first to file
patent applications for those inventions. If existing or future third-party patents containing broad claims were upheld by the courts or if we
were  found  to  infringe  third-party  patents,  we  may  not  be  able  to  obtain  the  required  licenses  from  the  holders  of  such  patents  on
acceptable  terms,  if  at  all.  Failure  to  obtain  these  licenses  could  cause  delays  in  the  introduction  of  our  products  or  necessitate  costly
attempts  to  design  around  such  patents,  or  could  foreclose  the  development,  manufacture  or  sale  of  our  products.  We  could  also  incur
substantial costs in defending ourselves in patent infringement suits brought by others and in prosecuting patent infringement suits against
infringers.

We  also  rely  on  trade  secrets  and  proprietary  know-how  that  we  seek  to  protect,  in  part,  through  non-disclosure  and
confidentiality agreements with our customers, employees, consultants, and entities with which we maintain strategic relationships. We
cannot  assure  you  that  these  agreements  will  not  be  breached,  that  we  would  have  adequate  remedies  for  any  breach  or  that  our  trade
secrets will not otherwise become known or be independently developed by competitors.

Our business could be negatively impacted by cyber attacks and other security breaches.

In  the  ordinary  course  of  our  business,  we  collect  and  store  sensitive  data,  including  intellectual  property,  our  proprietary
business information and that of our customers, suppliers and business partners, in our data centers and on our networks. As part of our
business, we may face certain security threats, including threats to our information technology infrastructure, attempts to gain access to
our proprietary, sensitive or classified information. Cybersecurity threats could evolve quickly and include, but not be limited to, computer
viruses, attempts to access information and other electronic security breaches. Our information technology networks and related systems
are  critical  to  the  operation  of  our  business  and  essential  to  our  ability  to  successfully  perform  day-to-day  operations.  In  addition,  our
customers, suppliers, subcontractors and other third parties with whom we do business generally face similar security threats, and in some
cases we must rely on the safeguards put in place by these parties to protect against security threats. We believe we have implemented
appropriate measures and controls and have invested in resources to appropriately identify and monitor these threats and mitigate potential
risks,  including  risks  involving  our  customers  and  suppliers.  However,  such  actions  may  not  be  sufficient  to  prevent  cybersecurity
breaches,  disruptions  to  mission  critical  systems,  the  unauthorized  release  of  sensitive  information  or  corruption  of  data,  or  harm  to
facilities or personnel.

In addition, as a provider of products and services to government and commercial customers, our products and services may be
the  targets  of  cyber  attacks  that  attempt  to  sabotage  or  otherwise  disable  such  products  and  services,  or  our  cybersecurity  and  other
products  and  services  ultimately  may  not  be  able  to  effectively  detect,  prevent,  or  protect  against  or  otherwise  mitigate  losses  from  all
cyber attacks. Furthermore, as a defense contractor with a security clearance we would be obligated to notify the Department of Defense
of certain penetrations of protected networks.

The  impact  of  these  security  threats  and  other  disruptions,  including  cyber  attacks  and  other  security  breaches,  is  difficult  to
predict.  However,  the  cost  and  operational  consequences  of  responding  to  breaches  and  implementing  remediation  measures  could  be
significant and our insurance coverage may not cover all related costs. These threats and other events could also disrupt our operations, or
the  operations  of  our  customers,  suppliers,  subcontractors  and  other  third  parties,  could  require  significant  management  attention  and
resources, could result in the loss of business, regulatory actions and potential liability, and could negatively impact our reputation among
our customers and the public, any one of which could have a negative impact on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

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There are risks involved with the international nature of our business.

A significant portion of our sales are made to customers located outside the U.S., primarily in Europe and Asia. In 2017, 2016,
and  2015,  27.5%,  21.9%,  and  19.5%,  respectively,  of  our  revenues,  were  derived  from  sales  to  customers  located  outside  the  U.S.  We
expect  that  our  international  customers  will  continue  to  account  for  a  substantial  portion  of  our  revenues  in  the  near  future.  Sales  to
international  customers  may  be  subject  to  political  and  economic  risks,  including  political  instability,  currency  controls,  exchange  rate
fluctuations, foreign taxes, longer payment cycles and changes in import/export regulations and tariff rates. In addition, various forms of
protectionist trade legislation have been and in the future may be proposed in the U.S. and certain other countries. Any resulting changes
in current tariff structures or other trade and monetary policies could adversely affect our sales to international customers. See also “Israel-
Related Risks,” below.

Risks Related to Government Contracts

A  significant  portion  of  our  business  is  dependent  on  government  contracts  and  reduction  or  reallocation  of  defense  or  law

enforcement spending could reduce our revenues.

Most of our customers to date have been in the public sector of the U.S., including the federal, state, and local governments and
the military, and in the public sectors of a number of other countries. A significant decrease in the overall level or allocation of defense or
law enforcement spending in the U.S. or other countries could reduce our revenues and have a material adverse effect on our future results
of operations and financial condition.

Sales to public sector customers are subject to a multiplicity of detailed regulatory requirements and public policies as well as to
changes in training and purchasing priorities. Contracts with public sector customers may be conditioned upon the continuing availability
of public funds, which in turn depends upon lengthy and complex budgetary procedures, and may be subject to certain pricing constraints.
Moreover, U.S. government contracts and those of many international government customers may generally be terminated for a variety of
factors when it is in the best interests of the government and contractors may be suspended or debarred for misconduct at the discretion of
the  government.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  these  factors  or  others  unique  to  government  contracts  or  the  loss  or  suspension  of
necessary  regulatory  licenses  will  not  reduce  our  revenues  and  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  future  results  of  operations  and
financial condition.

A  decline  in  the  U.S.  government  defense  budget,  changes  in  budgetary  priorities  or  timing  of  contract  awards  may  adversely

affect our future revenues and limit our growth prospects.

Revenues under contracts with the U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”), either as a prime contractor or subcontractor to other
contractors, represent a substantial portion of our total revenues. Our operating results could be adversely affected by spending caps or
changes in the budgetary priorities of the U.S. Government or the DoD, as well as delays in program starts or the award of contracts or
task orders under contracts.

An impasse in federal budget decision-making could lead to substantial delays or reductions in federal spending. For example, as
a  result  of  inability  of  the  U.S.  Government  to  reach  agreement  on  budget  reduction  measures  required  by  the  Budget  Control Act  of
2011, sequestration triggered substantial automatic spending reductions beginning in January 2013, divided between defense and domestic
spending  over  a  nine-year  period.  As  a  result,  U.S.  government  funding  for  certain  of  our  customers  may  be  reduced,  delayed  or
eliminated,  which  could  significantly  impact  these  customers’  demand  for  our  products  and  services  and  if  so  would  have  a  material
adverse effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows. While the future impact of sequestration is uncertain, these automatic
across-the-board budget cuts in sequestration could have significant negative consequences to our business and industry.

In  years  when  Congress  does  not  complete  its  budget  process  before  the  end  of  its  fiscal  year  (September  30),  government
operations are funded through a continuing resolution (CR) that temporarily funds federal agencies. Recent CRs have generally provided
funding at the levels provided in the previous fiscal year and have not authorized new spending initiatives. When the federal government
operates  under  a  CR,  delays  can  occur  in  the  procurement  of  products  and  services.  Historically,  such  delays  have  not  had  a  material
effect on our business; however, should sequestration not be alleviated, it could continue to have significant consequences to our business
and our industry.

Additionally, our business could be affected if the demand for and priority of funding for combat operations overseas decreases,
which may reduce the demand for our services on contracts supporting some operations and maintenance activities in the Department of
Defense or if we experience an increase in set-asides for small businesses, which could result in our inability to compete directly for prime
contracts.

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Our U.S. government contracts may be terminated at any time and may contain other unfavorable provisions.

The  U.S.  government,  and  other  governments,  typically  can  terminate  or  modify  any  of  its  contracts  with  us  either  for  its
convenience  or  if  we  default  by  failing  to  perform  under  the  terms  of  the  applicable  contract. A  termination  arising  out  of  our  default
could  expose  us  to  liability  and  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  ability  to  re-compete  for  future  contracts  and  orders.  Our  U.S.
government contracts contain provisions that allow the U.S. government to unilaterally suspend us from receiving new contracts pending
resolution  of  alleged  violations  of  procurement  laws  or  regulations,  reduce  the  value  of  existing  contracts,  issue  modifications  to  a
contract and control and potentially prohibit the export of our products, services and associated materials.

Government  agencies  routinely  audit  government  contracts.  These  agencies  review  a  contractor’s  performance  on  its  contract,
pricing  practices,  cost  structure  and  compliance  with  applicable  laws,  regulations  and  standards.  If  we  are  audited,  we  will  not  be
reimbursed for any costs found to be improperly allocated to a specific contract, while we would be required to refund any improper costs
for which we had already been reimbursed. Therefore, an audit could result in a substantial adjustment to our revenues. If a government
audit  uncovers  improper  or  illegal  activities,  we  may  be  subject  to  civil  and  criminal  penalties  and  administrative  sanctions,  including
termination  of  contracts,  forfeitures  of  profits,  suspension  of  payments,  fines  and  suspension  or  debarment  from  doing  business  with
United  States  government  agencies.  We  could  suffer  serious  reputational  harm  if  allegations  of  impropriety  were  made  against  us. A
governmental  determination  of  impropriety  or  illegality,  or  an  allegation  of  impropriety,  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our
business, financial condition or results of operations.

We  may  be  liable  for  penalties  under  a  variety  of  procurement  rules  and  regulations,  and  changes  in  government  regulations

could adversely impact our revenues, operating expenses and profitability.

Our defense and commercial businesses must comply with and are affected by various government regulations that impact our
operating costs, profit margins and our internal organization and operation of our businesses. Among the most significant regulations are
the following:

●

●

●

the  U.S.  Federal Acquisition  Regulations,  which  regulate  the  formation,  administration  and  performance  of  government
contracts;

the U.S. Truth in Negotiations Act, which requires certification and disclosure of all cost and pricing data in connection with
contract negotiations; and

the U.S. Cost Accounting Standards, which impose accounting requirements that govern our right to reimbursement under
certain cost-based government contracts.

These regulations affect how we and our customers do business and, in some instances, impose added costs on our businesses.
Any  changes  in  applicable  laws  could  adversely  affect  the  financial  performance  of  the  business  affected  by  the  changed  regulations.
With respect to U.S. government contracts, any failure to comply with applicable laws could result in contract termination, price or fee
reductions or suspension or debarment from contracting with the U.S. government.

We  may  not  be  able  to  receive  or  retain  the  necessary  licenses  or  authorizations  required  for  us  to  export  or  re-export  our
products,  technical  data  or  services,  or  to  transfer  technology  from  foreign  sources  (including  our  own  subsidiaries)  and  to  work
collaboratively with them. Denials of such licenses and authorizations could have a material adverse effect on our business and results
of operations.

U.S. regulations concerning export controls require us to screen potential customers, destinations, and technology to ensure that

sensitive equipment, technology and services are not exported in violation of U.S. policy or diverted to improper uses or users.

In order for us to export certain products, technical data or services, we are required to obtain licenses from the U.S. government,
often on a transaction-by-transaction basis. These licenses are generally required for the export of the military versions of our products
and technical data and for defense services. We cannot be sure of our ability to obtain the U.S. government licenses or other approvals
required to export our products, technical data and services for sales to foreign governments, foreign commercial customers or foreign
destinations.

In addition, in order for us to obtain certain technical know-how from foreign vendors and to collaborate on improvements on
such technology with foreign vendors, including at times our own foreign subsidiaries, we may need to obtain U.S. government approval
for  such  collaboration  through  manufacturing  license  or  technical  assistance  agreements  approved  by  U.S.  government  export  control
agencies.

The U.S. government has the right, without notice, to revoke or suspend export licenses and authorizations for reasons of foreign

policy, issues over which we have no control.

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Failure to receive required licenses or authorizations would hinder our ability to export our products, data and services and to use
some  advanced  technology  from  foreign  sources.  This  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  results  of  operations  and
financial condition.

Our failure to comply with export control rules could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our  failure  to  comply  with  the  export  control  rules  described  above  rules  could  expose  us  to  significant  criminal  or  civil
enforcement action by the U.S. government, and a conviction could result in denial of export privileges, as well as contractual suspension
or debarment under U.S. government contracts, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations
and financial condition.

Our  operating  margins  may  decline  under  our  fixed-price  contracts  if  we  fail  to  estimate  accurately  the  time  and  resources

necessary to satisfy our obligations.

Some  of  our  contracts  are  fixed-price  contracts  under  which  we  bear  the  risk  of  any  cost  overruns.  Our  profits  are  adversely
affected if our costs under these contracts exceed the assumptions that we used in bidding for the contract. Often, we are required to fix
the price for a contract before we finalize the project specifications, which increases the risk that we will misprice these contracts. The
complexity  of  many  of  our  engagements  makes  accurately  estimating  our  time  and  resources  more  difficult.  In  the  event  we  fail  to
estimate our time and resources accurately, our expenses will increase and our profitability, if any, under such contracts will decrease.

If we are unable to retain our contracts with the U.S. government and subcontracts under U.S. government prime contracts in the

competitive rebidding process, our revenues may suffer.

Upon  expiration  of  a  U.S.  government  contract  or  subcontract  under  a  U.S.  government  prime  contract,  if  the  government
customer  requires  further  services  of  the  type  provided  in  the  contract,  there  is  frequently  a  competitive  rebidding  process.  We  cannot
guarantee that we, or if we are a subcontractor that the prime contractor, will win any particular bid, or that we will be able to replace
business lost upon expiration or completion of a contract. Further, all U.S. government contracts are subject to protest by competitors. The
termination or nonrenewal of several of our significant contracts could result in considerable revenue shortfalls.

The loss of, or a significant reduction in, U.S. military business would have a material adverse effect on us.

U.S.  military  contracts  account  for  a  significant  portion  of  our  business.  The  U.S.  military  funds  these  contracts  in  annual
increments. These contracts require subsequent authorization and appropriation that may not occur or that may be greater than or less than
the  total  amount  of  the  contract.  Changes  in  the  U.S.  military’s  budget,  spending  allocations  and  the  timing  of  such  spending  could
adversely affect our ability to receive future contracts. None of our contracts with the U.S. military has a minimum purchase commitment,
and the U.S. military generally has the right to cancel its contracts unilaterally without prior notice. The loss of, or a significant reduction
in, U.S. military business could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

Market-Related Risks

The price of our common stock is volatile.

The market price of our common stock has been volatile in the past and may change rapidly in the future. The following factors,

among others, may cause significant volatility in our stock price:

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

announcements by us, our competitors, or our customers;

the introduction of new or enhanced products and services by us or our competitors;

changes in the perceived ability to commercialize our technology compared to that of our competitors;

rumors relating to our competitors or us;

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;

the issuance of our securities, including warrants, in connection with financings and acquisitions; and

general market or economic conditions.

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If our shares were to be delisted, our stock price might decline further and we might be unable to raise additional capital.

There  can  be  no  assurance  that  our  common  stock  will  remain  listed  on  the  Nasdaq  Stock  Market.  While  our  stock  would
continue to trade on the over-the-counter bulletin board following any delisting from the Nasdaq, any such delisting of our common stock
could have an adverse effect on the market price of, and the efficiency of the trading market for, our common stock. Trading volume of
over-the-counter  bulletin  board  stocks  has  been  historically  lower  and  more  volatile  than  stocks  traded  on  an  exchange  or  the  Nasdaq
Stock Market. As a result, holders of our securities could find it more difficult to sell their securities. Also, if in the future we were to
determine that we need to seek additional equity capital, any delisting could have an adverse effect on our ability to raise capital in the
public equity markets.

In addition, if we fail to maintain Nasdaq listing for our securities, and no other exclusion from the definition of a “penny stock”
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is available, then any broker engaging in a transaction in our securities would be
required to provide any customer with a risk disclosure document, disclosure of market quotations, if any, disclosure of the compensation
of  the  broker-dealer  and  its  salesperson  in  the  transaction  and  monthly  account  statements  showing  the  market  values  of  our  securities
held  in  the  customer’s  account.  The  bid  and  offer  quotation  and  compensation  information  must  be  provided  prior  to  effecting  the
transaction and must be contained on the customer’s confirmation. If brokers become subject to the “penny stock” rules when engaging in
transactions  in  our  securities,  they  would  become  less  willing  to  engage  in  transactions,  thereby  making  it  more  difficult  for  our
stockholders to dispose of their shares.

Failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.

During the course of testing our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we may identify
and  disclose  material  weaknesses  or  significant  deficiencies  in  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  will  have  to  be  remedied.
Implementing  any  appropriate  changes  to  our  internal  control  may  require  specific  compliance  training  of  our  directors,  officers  and
employees,  entail  substantial  costs  to  modify  our  existing  accounting  systems,  and  take  a  significant  period  of  time  to  complete.  Such
changes may not, however, be effective in maintaining the adequacy of our internal control over financial reporting, and any failure to
maintain  that  adequacy  or  inability  to  produce  accurate  financial  statements  on  a  timely  basis  could  result  in  our  financial  statements
being unreliable, increase our operating costs and materially impair our ability to operate our business.

Failure to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in a loss of investor confidence in
our financial reports and could have a material adverse effect on our stock price. Additionally, failure to maintain effective internal control
over our financial reporting could result in government investigation or sanctions by regulatory authorities.

In addition, due to increased regulatory scrutiny surrounding publicly traded companies, the possibility exists that a restatement
of  past  financial  results  could  be  necessitated  by  an  alternative  interpretation  of  present  accounting  guidance  and  practice. Although
management does not currently anticipate that this will occur, a potential result of such interpretation could be costly and have an adverse
effect on our stock price.

Compliance  with  public  company  obligations,  including  the  securities  laws  and  regulations,  is  costly  and  requires  significant
management resources, and we may fail to comply. We are an “accelerated filer,” and as a result are subject to more comprehensive
disclosure obligations, with increased compliance costs.

The  federal  securities  laws  and  regulations,  including  the  corporate  governance  and  other  requirements  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, impose complex and continually changing regulatory requirements on our operations and reporting. Our legal compliance
obligations and costs could harm our results of operations and divert management’s attention from business operations.

Relatively speaking, we are a small company with limited resources. There can be no assurances that we will continue to be able
to comply with the various securities laws requirements by applicable deadlines. If our independent registered public accounting firm is
unable to provide us with an unqualified report as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting for future year ends,
investors could lose confidence in the reliability of our financial reporting.

We do not anticipate paying cash dividends.

We currently intend to retain any future earnings for funding growth and, as a result, do not expect to pay any cash dividends in
the  foreseeable  future. Additionally,  our  ability  to  declare  dividends,  should  we  decide  to  do  so,  is  restricted  by  the  terms  of  our  debt
agreements.

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Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage a takeover.

Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation may have the effect of making it more difficult for a third
party  to  acquire,  or  of  discouraging  a  third  party  from  attempting  to  acquire,  control  of  us.  These  provisions  could  limit  the  price  that
certain investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock. These provisions:

●

●

●

divide our board of directors into three classes serving staggered three-year terms;

only  permit  removal  of  directors  by  stockholders  “for  cause,”  and  require  the  affirmative  vote  of  at  least  85%  of  the
outstanding common stock to so remove; and

allow us to issue preferred stock without any vote or further action by the stockholders.

The  classification  system  of  electing  directors  and  the  removal  provision  may  tend  to  discourage  a  third-party  from  making  a
tender  offer  or  otherwise  attempting  to  obtain  control  of  us  and  may  maintain  the  incumbency  of  our  board  of  directors,  as  the
classification  of  the  board  of  directors  increases  the  difficulty  of  replacing  a  majority  of  the  directors.  These  provisions  may  have  the
effect of deferring hostile takeovers, delaying changes in our control or management or may make it more difficult for stockholders to
take  certain  corporate  actions.  The  amendment  of  any  of  these  provisions  would  require  approval  by  holders  of  at  least  85%  of  the
outstanding common stock.

Israel-Related Risks

A  significant  portion  of  our  operations  takes  place  in  Israel,  and  we  could  be  adversely  affected  by  the  economic,  political  and

military conditions in that region.

The  offices  and  facilities  of  Epsilor-EFL  are  located  in  Israel  (in  Beit  Shemesh,  Dimona,  and  Sderot,  all  of  which  are  within
Israel’s  pre-1967  borders). Although  we  expect  that  most  of  our  sales  will  continue  to  be  made  to  customers  outside  Israel,  we  are
nonetheless directly affected by economic, political and military conditions in that country. Accordingly, any major hostilities involving
Israel or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its present trading partners could have a material adverse effect on our
operations. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its
Arab neighbors and a state of hostility, varying in degree and intensity, has led to security and economic problems for Israel.

Israel withdrew unilaterally from the Gaza Strip and certain areas in northern Samaria in 2005. Thereafter Hamas, an Islamist
terrorist group responsible for many attacks, including missile strikes against Israeli civilian targets, won the majority of the seats in the
Parliament  of  the  Palestinian Authority  in  January  2006  and  took  control  of  the  entire  Gaza  Strip,  by  force,  in  June  2007.  Since  then,
Hamas and other Palestinian movements have launched thousands of missiles from the Gaza strip into civilian targets in southern Israel.

Our  Israeli  production  facilities  in  the  cities  of  Beit  Shemesh  and  Dimona,  are  located  approximately  27  miles  and  38  miles,
respectively, from the nearest point of the border with the Gaza Strip. We also have a small production facility in Sderot, which is located
0.6 miles from the nearest point of the border with the Gaza Strip. There can be no assurance that Hamas will not begin to use on a more
frequent basis longer-range missiles capable of reaching our facilities, which could result in a significant disruption of the Israel-based
portion  of  our  business. Additionally,  recent  political  events,  including  political  uprisings,  social  unrest  and  regime  change,  in  various
countries in the Middle East and North Africa have weakened the stability of those countries, which could result in extremists coming to
power, including in countries with which Israel has signed peace treaties that may not be respected by extremists. In addition, Iran has
threatened  to  attack  Israel,  and  is  widely  believed  to  be  developing  nuclear  weapons.  Iran  is  also  believed  to  have  a  strong  influence
among extremist groups in the region, such as Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon. These situations may potentially escalate in the
future to more violent events which may affect Israel and us. Any major hostilities involving Israel, including as a result of the military
conflicts between the Fatah and Hamas in Gaza Strip, Judea and Samaria, or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its
present trading partners could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Enforcement of civil liabilities against our Israeli assets may be difficult to obtain.

We  are  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Delaware  and  will  be  subject  to  service  of  process  in  the  United  States.

However, approximately 24% of our assets are located outside the United States.

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There  is  doubt  as  to  the  enforceability  of  civil  liabilities  under  the  Securities  Act  of  1933,  as  amended,  and  the  Securities
Exchange Act  of  1934,  as  amended,  in  original  actions  instituted  in  Israel. As  a  result,  it  may  not  be  possible  for  investors  to  enforce
judgments of U.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions of U.S. laws against our assets located in Israel. In addition, awards
of punitive damages in actions brought in the U.S. or elsewhere may be unenforceable in Israel.

Exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the Israeli NIS may negatively affect our earnings.

Although  a  substantial  majority  of  our  revenues  and  a  substantial  portion  of  our  expenses  are  denominated  in  U.S.  dollars,  a
portion of our costs, including personnel and facilities-related expenses, is incurred in New Israeli Shekels (NIS). Inflation in Israel will
have the effect of increasing the dollar cost of our operations in Israel, unless it is offset on a timely basis by a devaluation of the NIS
relative to the dollar. In 2017, the inflation-adjusted NIS appreciated against the dollar.

ITEM 1B.    UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 2.    PROPERTIES

Our  primary  administrative  offices  are  located  in  the  offices  of  our  Training  and  Simulation  Division,  consisting  of
approximately 17,300 square feet of office and warehouse space in Ann Arbor, Michigan, pursuant to a lease expiring in July 2018. We
own  57,200  square  feet  of  office,  production,  and  warehouse  space  near  our  administrative  offices  in Ann Arbor.  We  sublease  7,000
square feet of surplus space in this building for a term of five years with a five year option.  The current sublessee has exercised their five
year option to sublease this surplus space, which will expire January 31, 2023. Additionally, we also lease 10,000 square feet of office and
lab space in Oviedo, Florida pursuant to a lease expiring in October 2019.

Our  Power  Systems  Division  operates  out  of  facilities  in  Hanahan,  South  Carolina,  constituting  approximately  56,233  square
feet, which are leased from the former owners of UEC through the end of 2019 with an option to renew through 2024. Our Power Systems
Division  also  maintains  approximately  23,000  square  feet  of  factory,  office  and  warehouse  space  in  Dimona,  Israel,  in  Israel’s  Negev
desert (within Israel’s pre-1967 borders), on a month-to-month basis. We also maintain approximately 2,300 square feet of factory, office
and warehouse space in Sderot, Israel, located approximately 0.6 miles from the nearest point of the border with the Gaza Strip, pursuant
to a lease expiring in April 2018.

Our  research,  development  and  production  facilities  for  the  manufacture  and  assembly  of  our  Survivor  Locator  Lights,
constituting  approximately  21,000  square  feet,  are  located  in  Beit  Shemesh,  Israel,  located  between  Jerusalem  and  Tel-Aviv  (within
Israel’s pre-1967 borders). Effective January 1, 2018, we entered into a new five-year lease for these facilities, with an option on our part
to renew for an additional period of five years.

We believe that our existing and currently planned facilities are adequate to meet our current and foreseeable future needs.

ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

As of the date of this filing, there were no material pending legal proceedings against us.

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.

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PART II

ITEM  5.        MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS AND  ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Information  about  our  equity  compensation  plans  may  be  found  in  Item  12  of  this  report  which  is  hereby  incorporated  by

reference.

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Market. Our Nasdaq ticker symbol is “ARTX.” The following table sets forth,

for the periods indicated, the range of high and low sales prices of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market System:

Year Ended December 31, 2017

High

Low

Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

Year Ended December 31, 2016

Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

  $
  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $
  $

4.25    $
4.35    $
3.95    $
5.00    $

High

Low

4.35    $
3.35    $
4.13    $
2.88    $

3.46 
3.05 
2.90 
2.80 

2.25 
2.55 
2.35 
1.92 

As of February 28, 2018, we had approximately 131 registered holders of record of our common stock.

Dividends

We have never paid any cash dividends on our common stock. The Board of Directors presently intends to retain all earnings for
use  in  our  business.  Any  future  determination  as  to  payment  of  dividends  will  depend  upon  our  financial  condition  and  results  of
operations  and  such  other  factors  as  the  Board  of  Directors  deems  relevant. Additionally,  our  ability  to  declare  dividends  should  we
decide to do so is restricted by the terms of our debt agreements.

Performance Graph

The following performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the
SEC, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
“Securities Act”), or the Exchange Act of 1934 as amended (the “Exchange Act”), except to the extent that we specifically incorporate it
by reference into such filing.

The following graph compares our cumulative total stockholder return for the past five years with the cumulative total return on
the  Russell  Microcap  Index  (Broad  Market  Index)  and  a  self-constructed  peer  group  index  (the  “2017  Peer  Group”)  consisting  of  two
companies  in  the  simulation  and  training  space  (Kratos  Defense  &  Security  Solutions,  Inc.  (Nasdaq:  KTOS)  and  VirTra  Systems,  Inc.
(OTC:  VTSI))  and  three  companies  in  the  power  and  defense  space  (Espey  Mfg.  &  Electronics  Corp.  (NYSE:  ESP),  Highpower
International, Inc. (Nasdaq: HPJ), and KVH Industries, Inc. (Nasdaq: KVHI), as well as our self-constructed peer group index last year
(the “2016 Peer Group.” Espey Mfg. & Electronics Corp. has been added to the 2017 Peer Group to replace API Technologies Corp., the
securities  of  which  no  longer  trade  publicly.  The  market  capitalization  of  the  peer  companies  in  the  simulation  and  training  space  is
roughly equivalent to that of the peer companies in the power and defense space, and we believe that all these companies are “microcap”
companies that are fairly comparable to us.

The  cumulative  total  stockholder  return  is  based  on  $100  invested  in  our  common  stock  and  in  the  respective  indices  on
December  31,  2012,  and  assumes  that  all  dividends  were  reinvested.  The  stock  prices  on  the  performance  graph  are  not  necessarily
indicative of future price performance.

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12/12

12/13

12/14

12/15

12/16

12/17

Arotech Corporation  
Russell MicroCap
2016 Peer Group
2017 Peer Group

100.00     
100.00     
100.00     
100.00     

338.83     
145.62     
130.86     
131.63     

225.24     
150.93     
109.48     
109.10     

198.06     
143.15     
84.59     
87.63     

339.81     
172.30     
129.16     
128.98     

344.66 
194.99 
165.44 
162.29 

(1)

The  2017  Peer  Group  is  comprised  of  the  following  companies:  Kratos  Defense  &  Security  Solutions,  Inc.  (Nasdaq:  KTOS),
VirTra Systems, Inc. (OTC: VTSI), Espey Mfg. & Electronics Corp. (NYSE: ESP), Highpower International, Inc. (Nasdaq: HPJ),
and KVH Industries, Inc. (Nasdaq: KVHI). The 2016 Peer Group is comprised of the following companies: Kratos Defense &
Security Solutions, Inc. (Nasdaq: KTOS), VirTra Systems, Inc. (OTC: VTSI), Highpower International, Inc. (Nasdaq: HPJ), KVH
Industries,  Inc.  (Nasdaq:  KVHI),  and API  Technologies  Corp.,  which  no  longer  trades  publicly.  The  returns  of  each  company
have been weighted according to their respective stock market capitalization for purposes of arriving at a peer group average.

ITEM 6.    SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected financial information set forth below with respect to the consolidated statements of operations for each of the five
fiscal years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and with respect to the consolidated balance sheets at the end of each such fiscal year
has been derived from our consolidated financial statements audited by BDO USA, LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.

The  financial  information  set  forth  below  is  qualified  by  and  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  consolidated  financial
statements  contained  in  Item  8  of  this  Report  and  the  notes  thereto  and  “Item  7.  Management’s  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial
Condition and Results of Operations,” below.

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The financial results of the Company are presented as continuing operations for all periods presented. The loss from discontinued

operations reported for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $1.4 million and $894,000, respectively.

Statement of Operations:

Revenues

Cost of revenues
Research and development expenses
Selling and marketing expenses
General and administrative expenses
Amortization of intangible assets
Total operating costs and expenses

Operating income

  $

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

  $

  $
Other income (expense)
  $
Financial expense, net
Total other income (expense)
  $
Income (loss) before income tax expense   $

Income tax (benefit) expense
  $
Income (loss) from continuing operations   $

  $

  $

Basic net income (loss) per share –
continuing operations

Diluted net income (loss) per share –
continuing operations
Weighted average number of shares used
in computing basic net income (loss) per
share
Weighted average number of shares used
in computing diluted net income (loss)
per share

  $
  $

Balance Sheet Data:
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted
collateral deposits
Receivables and other assets
Property and equipment, net of
depreciation
  $
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net   $
  $
Total assets
  $
Current liabilities
  $
Long-term liabilities
  $
Stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity   $

2017

Year Ended December 31,
2014
2015
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

2016

2013

98,723    $

92,975    $

96,574    $

103,562    $

88,571 

71,083    $
3,041    $
7,874    $
11,624    $
2,206    $
95,828    $

64,825    $
2,723    $
7,029    $
15,308    $
2,876    $
92,761    $

68,457    $
3,075    $
5,373    $
16,339    $
3,044    $
96,288    $

70,855    $
2,926    $
5,921    $
17,261    $
2,697    $
99,660    $

2,895    $

214    $

286    $

3,902    $

(8)   $
(1,077)   $
(1,085)   $
1,810    $

(2,024)   $
3,834    $

65    $
(975)   $
(910)   $
(696)   $

784    $
(1,480)   $

(24)   $
(1,152)   $
(1,176)   $
(890)   $

1,161    $
(2,051)   $

2,512    $
(1,507)   $
1,005    $
4,907    $

1,024    $
3,883    $

64,479 
2,956 
5,618 
10,887 
1,091 
85,031 

3,540 

270 
(483)
(213)
3,327 

1,053 
2,274 

0.15    $

(0.06)   $

(0.08)   $

0.18    $

0.13 

0.15    $

(0.06)   $

(0.08)   $

0.17    $

0.12 

26,380,312     

25,494,097     

23,687,733     

21,934,532     

16,507,848 

26,380,312     

25,494,097     

23,687,733     

22,537,272     

17,110,588 

2017

2016

As At December 31,
2015
(dollars in thousands)

2014

2013

5,489    $
50,289    $

7,400    $
43,782    $

10,698    $
45,612    $

11,528    $
49,485    $

9,276    $
51,344    $
116,398    $
26,319    $
18,986    $
71,093    $
116,398    $

5,915    $
52,313    $
109,410    $
23,761    $
20,564    $
65,085    $
109,410    $

6,385    $
54,798    $
117,493    $
26,777    $
26,669    $
64,047    $
117,493    $

6,463    $
57,263    $
124,739    $
28,117    $
30,267    $
66,355    $
124,739    $

6,320 
37,324 

4,927 
32,084 
80,655 
18,235 
14,443 
47,977 
80,655 

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ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATION

The  following  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations  contains  forward-
looking  statements  that  involve  inherent  risks  and  uncertainties.  When  used  in  this  discussion,  the  words  “believes,”  “anticipates,”
“expects,” “estimates” and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to
certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Readers are cautioned not to place
undue  reliance  on  these  forward-looking  statements,  which  speak  only  as  of  the  date  hereof.  We  undertake  no  obligation  to  publicly
release the result of any revisions to these forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect events or circumstances after the date
hereof  or  to  reflect  the  occurrence  of  unanticipated  events.  Our  actual  results  could  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in  these
forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors including, but not limited to, those set forth elsewhere in this report. Please see
“Risk Factors,” above, and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The  following  discussion  and  analysis  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  contained  in
Item  8  of  this  report,  and  the  notes  thereto.  We  have  rounded  amounts  reported  here  to  the  nearest  thousand,  unless  such  amounts  are
more than $1.0 million, in which event we have rounded such amounts to the nearest hundred thousand.

General

systems.

We  are  a  defense  and  security  company  engaged  in  two  business  areas:  interactive  simulation,  and  batteries  and  charging

Ø           We develop, manufacture and market advanced high-tech multimedia and interactive digital solutions for engineering, use-of-
force  training  and  operator  training  of  military,  law  enforcement,  security,  emergency  services  and  other  personnel  through  our
Training and Simulation Division.

Ø                      We  provide  advanced  battery  solutions,  innovative  energy  management  and  power  distribution  technologies  and  world-class
product design and manufacturing services for the aerospace, defense, law enforcement and homeland security markets, and we
manufacture  and  sell  primary  rechargeable  batteries,  for  defense  and  security  products  and  medical  and  industrial  applications
through our Power Systems Division.

Federal Income Tax

The U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act makes broad complex changes to

the U.S. tax code including, but not limited to, reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, requiring companies to pay a
one-time  transition  tax  on  earnings  of  certain  foreign  subsidiaries  that  were  previously  tax  deferred,  and  creating  new  taxes  on  certain
foreign sourced earnings and additional limitations on the deductibility of interest.

The SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SAB 118) in December, 2017, to provide guidance on accounting for the
effects of the Tax Act.  SAB 118 provides for a measurement period of up to one year from the Tax Act enactment date for companies to
complete  their  assessment  of  and  accounting  for  those  effects  of  the  Tax Act  required  under ASC  740  “Implementation  Guidance  on
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” to be reported in the period of enactment.  Under SAB 118, a company must first reflect
the  income  tax  effects  of  the  Tax Act  for  which  the  accounting  is  complete  in  the  period  of  the  date  of  enactment.  To  the  extent  the
accounting for other income tax effects is incomplete, but a reasonable estimate can be determined, companies must record a provisional
estimate to be included in their financial statements.  For any income tax effect for which a reasonable estimate cannot be determined, an
entity must continue to apply ASC 740 based on the provisions of the tax laws in effect immediately prior to the Tax Act being enacted
until such time as a reasonable estimate can be determined.

We  recorded  a  provisional  deferred  income  tax  benefit  of  $3.2  million  in  the  period  ended  December  31,  2017  related  to  the
change  in  corporate  tax  rate  from  35%  to  21%  as  a  result  of  the  Tax Act.    We  require  additional  time  to  complete  our  analysis  of  the
impacts  of  the  Tax Act  and  therefore  our  accounting  for  the  Tax Act  is  provisional  but  is  a  reasonable  estimate  based  on  available
information.  We will complete our analysis of and finalize our accounting for this provisional estimate during the one-year measurement
period as prescribed by SAB 118.

For the year ended December 31, 2017, we were not required to record any provisional amounts for our foreign subsidiary due

the accumulated net loss position of our foreign subsidiary.

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Beginning in 2018, the Tax Act provides a 100% deduction for dividends received from 10-percent owned foreign corporations
by U.S. corporate shareholders, subject to a one-year holding period. Although dividend income is now exempt from U.S. federal tax in
the  hands  of  the  U.S.  corporate  shareholders,  companies  must  still  apply  the  guidance  of ASC  740-30-25-18  to  account  for  the  tax
consequences of outside basis differences and other tax impacts of their investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries. While we have not accrued
the  Transition  Tax  on  the  deemed  repatriated  earnings  that  were  previously  indefinitely  reinvested,  we  were  unable  to  determine  a
reasonable estimate of the remaining tax liability, if any, under the Tax Act for its remaining outside basis.

The  Tax  Act  limits  net  operating  loss  (“NOL”)  deductions  to  80  percent  of  taxable  income  for  tax  years  beginning  after
December 31, 2017. The amendments disallow the carryback of NOLs but allow for the indefinite carryforward of NOLs, which would
be considered an indefinite lived asset.

Discontinued Operations

During the quarter ended September 30, 2016, our Board of Directors approved a plan to discontinue the Flow Battery segment.
The discontinuance was a strategic shift that had a major effect on our operations and financial results; therefore, the results of the Flow
Battery segment were reclassified as discontinued operations as of and for the periods ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Our financial results are presented as continuing operations in the Consolidated Financial Statements for all periods presented.
See  Note  1  of  the  Notes  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements.  The  loss  from  discontinued  operations  reported  for  the  year  ended
December  31,  2016  and  2015  was  $1.4  million  and  $894,000,  respectively.  The  impact  of  the  discontinued  operations  on  operating
activities and on investing activities within the consolidated statement of cash flows for the two years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015
was ($1.3 million), and ($879,000); and ($252,000), and ($22,000), respectively.

During  the  quarter  ended  December  31,  2017,  it  was  determined  that  we  were  not  able  to  execute  our  plan  to  sell  the  assets
associated  with  the  Flow  Battery  segment. As  a  result,  assets  in  the  amount  of  $270,000  have  been  reclassified  on  the  consolidated
balance sheet into property and equipment, which are being used in our operations and are therefore not considered to be impaired as of
December 31, 2017.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue
recognition,  allowance  for  bad  debts,  taxes,  inventory,  purchase  price  allocation,  contingencies  and  deferred  warranty  revenue,
impairment of intangible assets and goodwill. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors
that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying
values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Under different assumptions or conditions, actual results
may differ from these estimates.

We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation

of our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

Significant management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with the recognition of revenue in any
accounting period. Material differences in the amount of revenue in any given period may result if these judgments or estimates prove to
be  incorrect  or  if  management’s  estimates  change  on  the  basis  of  development  of  the  business  or  market  conditions.  Management
judgments and estimates have been applied consistently and have been reliable historically.

A portion of our revenue is derived from license agreements that entail the customization of FAAC’s simulators to customers’
specific requirements. Revenues from initial license fees for such arrangements are recognized in accordance with Financial Accounting
Standards  Board  (“FASB”) ASC  605-35  based  on  the  percentage  of  completion  method  over  the  period  from  signing  of  the  license
through  to  customer  acceptance,  as  such  simulators  require  significant  modification  or  customization  that  takes  time  to  complete.  The
percentage of completion is measured by monitoring progress using records of actual time incurred to date in the project compared with
the total estimated project requirement, which corresponds to the costs related to earned revenues. Estimates of total project requirements
are based on prior experience of customization, delivery and acceptance of the same or similar technology and are reviewed and updated
regularly by management.

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Similarly,  UEC  also  uses  percentage  of  completion  for  certain  contracts.  The  percentage  of  completion  is  measured  by
monitoring progress using records of actual time incurred to date in the project compared with the total estimated project requirement,
which  corresponds  to  the  costs  related  to  earned  revenues.  Estimates  of  total  project  requirements  are  based  on  prior  experience  of
customization, delivery and acceptance of the same or similar technology and are reviewed and updated regularly by management.

We  believe  that  the  use  of  the  percentage  of  completion  method  is  appropriate  as  we  have  the  ability  to  make  reasonably
dependable estimates of the extent of progress towards completion, contract revenues and contract costs. In addition, contracts executed
include provisions that clearly specify the enforceable rights regarding services to be provided and received by the parties to the contracts,
the consideration to be exchanged and the manner and terms of settlement. In all cases we expect to perform our contractual obligations
and  our  licensees  are  expected  to  satisfy  their  obligations  under  the  contract.  The  complexity  of  the  estimation  process  and  the  issues
related  to  the  assumptions,  risks  and  uncertainties  inherent  with  the  application  of  the  percentage  of  completion  method  of  accounting
affect the amounts of revenue and related expenses reported in our consolidated financial statements. A number of internal and external
factors can affect our estimates, including labor rates, utilization and specification and testing requirement changes.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We  make  judgments  as  to  our  ability  to  collect  outstanding  receivables  and  provide  allowances  for  the  portion  of  receivables
when  collection  becomes  doubtful.  If  necessary,  provisions  are  made  based  upon  a  specific  review  of  all  significant  outstanding
receivables. In determining the provision, we analyze our historical collection experience and current economic trends. We reassess these
allowances  each  accounting  period.  Historically,  our  actual  losses  and  credits  have  been  consistent  with  these  provisions.  If  actual
payment  experience  with  our  customers  is  different  than  our  estimates,  adjustments  to  these  allowances  may  be  necessary  resulting  in
additional charges to our statement of operations.

Accounting for Income Taxes

Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide income tax expense provision. In the ordinary course of a global
business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax outcome is uncertain. Some of these uncertainties arise as a
consequence  of  cost  reimbursement  arrangements  among  related  entities,  the  process  of  identifying  items  of  revenue  and  expense  that
qualify  for  preferential  tax  treatment  and  segregation  of  foreign  and  domestic  income.  Although  we  believe  that  our  estimates  are
reasonable, the final tax outcome of these matters may be different than that which is reflected in our historical income tax provisions and
accruals.

The Tax Act was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act makes broad complex changes to the U.S. tax code including, but
not  limited  to,  reducing  the  U.S.  federal  corporate  tax  rate  from  35%  to  21%,  requiring  companies  to  pay  a  one-time  transition  tax  on
earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred, and creating new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings and
additional limitations on the deductibility of interest. The Tax Act is complex and requires interpretation of certain provisions to estimate
the impact on our income tax expense. The estimates are based on the information available and our current interpretation of the Tax Act,
and may change due to changes in interpretations and assumptions we make and additional guidance or context from the Internal Revenue
Service, the U.S. Treasury Department, the Financial Accounting Standards Board or others regarding the Tax Act. Our accounting for
the impacts of the Tax Act is provisional and our actual income tax benefit could differ from our estimates. Please refer to Note 13 to the
“Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information.

We  have  provided  a  valuation  allowance  on  our  net  deferred  income  tax  assets,  which  includes  federal,  state  and  foreign  net
operating loss carryforwards, because of the uncertainty regarding their realization. Our accounting for deferred taxes under FASB ASC
740-10,  involves  the  evaluation  of  a  number  of  factors  concerning  the  realizability  of  our  deferred  tax  assets.  In  concluding  that  a
valuation allowance was required, we primarily considered such factors as our history of operating losses and expected future losses in
certain jurisdictions and the nature of our deferred tax assets. We provide valuation allowances in respect of deferred tax assets resulting
principally from the carryforward of tax losses. Management currently believes that it is more likely than not that our deferred tax assets
in the U.S. and Israel will not be realized in the foreseeable future but as our results improve, this may change in future periods. We were
not required to record any provisional amounts for our foreign subsidiaries relating to the one-time tax on accumulated foreign earnings
provision of the Tax Act due to the accumulated net loss position of the foreign subsidiary.

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We  have  indefinitely-lived  intangible  assets  consisting  of  trademarks  and  goodwill.  Pursuant  to  FASB  ASC  350-10,  these
indefinitely-lived  intangible  assets  are  not  amortized  for  financial  reporting  purposes.  However,  these  assets  are  tax  deductible,  and
therefore amortized over 15 years for tax purposes. As such, deferred income tax expense and a deferred tax liability arise as a result of
the  tax-deductibility  of  these  indefinitely-lived  intangible  assets.  The  resulting  deferred  tax  liability,  which  is  expected  to  continue  to
increase over time, will have an indefinite life, resulting in what is referred to as a “naked tax credit.” This deferred tax liability could
remain  on  our  balance  sheet  indefinitely  for  continuing  operations  unless  there  is  an  impairment  of  the  related  assets  (for  financial
reporting purposes), or the business to which those assets relate were to be disposed of. Due to the fact that the aforementioned deferred
tax liability could have an indefinite life, it should not be netted against our deferred tax assets (which primarily relate to net operating
loss  carryforwards)  when  determining  the  required  valuation  allowance.  Doing  so  would  result  in  the  understatement  of  the  valuation
allowance and related deferred income tax expense.

Accounting  standards  prescribe  a  recognition  threshold  and  measurement  attribute  for  the  financial  statement  recognition  and
measurement of a tax position taken in a tax return. We must determine whether it is “more-likely-than-not” that a tax position will be
sustained  upon  examination,  including  resolution  of  any  related  appeals  or  litigation  processes,  based  on  the  technical  merits  of  the
position. Once it is determined that a position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the position is measured to determine
the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. Uncertain tax positions require determinations and estimated liabilities to be
made based on provisions of the tax law which may be subject to change or varying interpretation. If our determinations and estimates
prove to be inaccurate, the resulting adjustments could be material to our future financial statements.

In addition, we operate within multiple taxing jurisdictions and may be subject to audits in these jurisdictions. These audits can
involve  complex  issues  that  may  require  an  extended  period  of  time  for  resolution.  In  management’s  opinion,  adequate  provisions  for
income taxes have been made.

Inventories

Our policy for valuation of inventory and commitments to purchase inventory, including the determination of obsolete or excess
inventory, requires us to perform a detailed assessment of inventory at each balance sheet date, which includes a review of, among other
factors,  an  estimate  of  future  demand  for  products  within  specific  time  horizons,  valuation  of  existing  inventory,  as  well  as  product
lifecycle and product development plans. The estimates of future demand that we use in the valuation of inventory are the basis for our
revenue forecast, which is also used for our short-term manufacturing plans. Inventory reserves are also provided to cover risks arising
from  slow-moving  items.  We  write  down  our  inventory  for  estimated  obsolescence  or  unmarketable  inventory  equal  to  the  difference
between the cost of inventory and the net realizable value based on assumptions about future demand and market conditions. We may be
required to record additional inventory write-down if actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by our management.
For  fiscal  2017,  no  significant  changes  were  made  to  the  underlying  assumptions  related  to  estimates  of  inventory  valuation  or  the
methodology applied.

Goodwill and Indefinite-Life Intangibles

Certain business acquisitions have resulted in the recording of goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets, primarily trademark
assets, which are not amortized. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, we had goodwill of $46.1 million and $45.5 million, respectively. We
primarily have trademark assets with a carrying value of $799,000 as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is the operating segment or one level below the operating
segment, also known as a component.  Two or more components of an operating segment shall be aggregated into a single reporting unit
if the components have similar economic characteristics, based on an assessment of various factors.  We have determined that the Training
and Simulation Division and the Power System Division segments are reporting units.

We  perform  our  annual  impairment  assessment  for  goodwill  and  other  indefinite-life  intangible  assets  as  of  December  31  or

more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.

We conduct a qualitative assessment by analyzing a variety of factors that could influence the fair value of the reporting unit or
indefinite-life  intangible,  including,  but  not  limited  to:  the  results  of  prior  quantitative  assessments  performed;  changes  in  the  carrying
amount of the reporting unit or indefinite-life intangible; actual and projected revenue and operating margin; relevant market data for both
us  and  our  peer  companies;  industry  outlooks;  macroeconomic  conditions;  liquidity;  changes  in  key  personnel;  and  our  competitive
position. We use significant judgment to evaluate the totality of these events and factors to make the determination of whether it is more
likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit or indefinite-life intangible is less than its carrying value.

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If we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we perform
the impairment evaluation using the quantitative assessment. Under the quantitative assessment, the first step identifies whether there is a
potential impairment by comparing the fair value of our reporting unit to the carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount
of our reporting unit exceeds the fair value, then a test is performed to determine the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment loss
is recognized based on the amount that the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value. When measuring the fair value of
its  reporting  units  in  the  quantitative  assessment,  we  use  widely  accepted  valuation  techniques,  applying  a  combination  of  the  income
approach  (discounted  cash  flows)  and  market  approach  (market  multiples).  When  preparing  discounted  cash  flow  models  under  the
income  approach,  we  use  internal  forecasts  to  estimate  future  cash  flows  expected  to  be  generated  by  the  reporting  units.  To  discount
these cash flows, we use the expected cost of  equity,  determined  by  using  a  capital  asset  pricing  model.  We  believe  the  discount  rates
used  appropriately  reflect  the  risks  and  uncertainties  in  the  financial  markets  generally  and  specifically  in  our  internally-developed
forecasts.  When  using  market  multiples  under  the  market  approach,  we  apply  comparable  publicly  traded  companies’  multiples  (for
example, earnings or revenues) to our reporting units’ actual results.

The  determination  of  fair  value  is  highly  sensitive  to  differences  between  estimated  and  actual  cash  flows  and  changes  in  the
related discount rate used to evaluate fair value. Estimated cash flows are sensitive to changes in the economy among other things. If the
carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

However,  estimates  are  inherently  uncertain  and  represent  only  management’s  reasonable  expectations  regarding  future
developments. These estimates and the judgments and assumptions upon which the estimates are based will, in all likelihood, differ in
some respects from actual future results. Should a significant or prolonged deterioration in economic conditions occur, such as declines in
government spending; the inability to pass increases in the costs of raw materials on to customers; or a decline in comparable company
market multiples, then key judgments and assumptions could be impacted.

For  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  respectively,  we  performed  a  qualitative  assessment  for  our  Training  and
Simulation reporting unit and we determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit exceeded its carrying
value.  For our Power Systems reporting unit, we performed a quantitative assessment of goodwill for the purpose of determining whether
an impairment existed at December 31, 2017 and 2016.  As a result of our quantitative analysis, in which we computed the fair value of
the Power Systems reporting unit, we concluded that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded the reporting unit’s carrying value by
approximately 22% and 37%, respectively.

We also considered our current market capitalization compared to the sum of the estimated fair values of our reporting units in
conjunction  with  each  impairment  assessment. As  of  the  December  31,  2017  and  2016  valuation  dates,  our  market  capitalization  was
approximately  $92.1  and  $92.7  million,  which  did  not,  in  our  view,  suggest  that  the  fair  value  estimates  used  in  our  impairment
assessment required any adjustment.

As a result of these analyses, we concluded that the goodwill recorded in relation to the Power Systems reporting unit was not

impaired at December 31, 2017.

Other Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets are amortized over the period during which benefits are expected to accrue, currently estimated at one to

ten years.

The determination of the value of such intangible assets requires us to make assumptions regarding future business conditions
and operating results in order to estimate future cash flows and other factors to determine the fair value of the respective assets. If these
estimates or the related assumptions change in the future, we could be required to record additional impairment charges.

Impairment  analysis  triggering  events  include  a  significant  decrease  in  the  market  price  of  a  long-lived  asset,  a  significant
adverse change in the extent or manner in which a long-lived asset is being used or in its physical condition, a significant adverse change
in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of a long-lived asset, a current-period operating or  cash  flow  loss
combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the
use of the long lived asset, and a current expectation that, more likely than not, a long-lived asset will be sold or otherwise disposed of
significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life.

25

 
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Contingencies

We are from time to time involved in legal proceedings and other claims. We are required to assess the likelihood of any adverse
judgments or outcomes to these matters, as well as potential ranges of probable losses. We have not made any material changes in the
accounting methodology used to establish our self-insured liabilities during the past three fiscal years.

A  determination  of  the  amount  of  reserves  required,  if  any,  for  any  contingencies  are  made  after  careful  analysis  of  each
individual issue. The required reserves may change due to future developments in each matter or changes in approach, such as a change in
the settlement strategy in dealing with any contingencies, which may result in higher net loss.

If  actual  results  are  not  consistent  with  our  assumptions  and  judgments,  we  may  be  exposed  to  gains  or  losses  that  could  be

material.

Warranty Reserves

We typically offer a one to two year warranty for many of our products. The specific terms and conditions of those warranties
vary depending upon the product sold and country in which we do business. We estimate the costs that may be incurred under our basic
limited  warranty,  including  parts  and  labor,  and  record  warranty  liability  in  the  amount  of  such  costs  at  the  time  product  revenue  is
recognized.  Factors  that  affect  our  warranty  liability  include  the  number  of  installed  units,  historical  and  anticipated  rates  of  warranty
claims, and cost per claim. We periodically assesses the adequacy of our reserves and adjust the amounts as necessary.

Functional Currency

We consider the United States dollar to be the currency of the primary economic environment in which we and EFL operate and,
therefore, both we and EFL have adopted and are using the United States dollar as our functional currency. Transactions and balances
originally denominated in U.S. dollars are presented at the original amounts. Gains and losses arising from non-dollar transactions and
balances are included in net income.

The majority of financial transactions of Epsilor is in New Israeli Shekels (“NIS”) and a substantial portion of Epsilor’s costs is
incurred in NIS. Management believes that the NIS is the functional currency of Epsilor. Accordingly, the financial statements of Epsilor
have been translated into U.S. dollars. All balance sheet accounts have been translated using the exchange rates in effect at the balance
sheet date. Statement of operations amounts have been translated using the average exchange rate for the period. The resulting translation
adjustments are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders’ equity.

26

Table of Contents

Results of Operations

Summary

Following is a table summarizing our results of continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015,

after which we present a narrative discussion and analysis.

Revenues:
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division

Cost of revenues:
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division

Research and development expenses:
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division

Selling and marketing expenses:
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division

General and administrative expenses:
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division
Corporate

Amortization of intangible assets:
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division

Operating income (loss):
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division
Corporate

Other income (loss):
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division
Corporate

Financial (expense) income:
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division
Corporate

Income tax (benefit) expense:
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division
Corporate

Net income (loss) – continuing operations: 
Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division
Corporate

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2017

2015

50,254,324    $
48,468,354     
98,722,678    $

46,358,794    $
46,616,958     
92,975,752    $

54,617,611 
41,956,336 
96,573,947 

29,233,721    $
41,858,987     
71,082,708    $

26,193,216    $
38,632,200     
64,825,416    $

34,238,306 
34,218,016 
68,456,322 

2,544,164    $
496,966     
3,041,130    $

2,030,485    $
692,480     
2,722,965    $

6,204,037    $
1,670,327     
7,874,364    $

5,517,682    $
1,511,408     
7,029,090    $

1,766,667 
1,308,695 
3,075,362 

4,796,288 
577,133 
5,373,421 

4,235,512    $
3,847,728     
3,540,660     
11,623,900    $

4,556,990    $
4,011,769     
6,739,702     
15,308,461    $

4,610,586 
6,859,143 
4,869,298 
16,339,027 

397,880    $
1,807,875     
2,205,755    $

461,168    $
2,414,375     
2,875,543    $

264,411 
2,779,125 
3,043,536 

7,649,010    $
(1,213,529)    
(3,540,660)    
2,894,821    $

7,599,253    $
(645,274)    
(6,739,702)    
214,277    $

8,941,353 
(3,785,776)
(4,869,298)
286,279 

(2,293)   $
(5,620)    
(243)    
(8,156)   $

9,430    $
47,673     
7,729     
64,832    $

51,349 
(79,030)
3,500 
(24,181)

(122,875)   $
(255,835)    
(697,949)    
(1,076,659)   $

41,391    $
195,592     
(2,261,113)    
(2,024,130)   $

7,482,451    $
(1,670,576)    
(1,977,739)    
3,834,136    $

(41,397)   $
(87,371)    
(846,495)    
(975,263)   $

(59,791)
21,432 
(1,113,762)
(1,152,121)

(24,634)   $
(28,507)    
836,561     
783,420    $

233,106 
– 
927,840 
1,160,946 

7,591,920    $
(656,465)    
(8,415,029)    
(1,479,574)   $

8,699,805 
(3,843,374)
(6,907,400)
(2,050,969)

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

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Fiscal Year 2017 compared to Fiscal Year 2016

Revenues. We recognized revenues as follows:

Ø          Training and Simulation Division – We recognized revenues from the sale of air warfare simulators and vehicle simulators,
interactive use-of-force training systems and from the provision of maintenance services in connection with such systems.

Ø                    Power  Systems  Division  –  We  recognized  revenues  from  sales  of  electronics  engineering  products  and  provision  of  design
services for the military, as well as from the sale of batteries, chargers, adapters and power hub products to the military and commercial
customers. We also recognized revenues from the sale of water-activated battery (“WAB”) lifejacket lights.

Revenues for 2017 totaled $98.7 million, compared to $93.0 million in 2016, an increase of $5.7 million, or 6.2%, due primarily
to higher revenues in both our divisions. In 2017, revenues were $50.2 million for the Training and Simulation Division as compared to
$46.4 million in 2016, an increase of $3.8 million, or 8.2%, due primarily to significant revenue growth in all product lines offset by a
decline in revenues associated with the wind-down of the first phase of our VCTS program in preparation for the ramp up of the second
phase of our VCTS program; and $48.5 million for the Power Systems Division as compared to $46.6 million in 2016, an increase of $1.9
million, or 4.1%, due primarily to continued increases in key programs in Israel of $4.1 million offset by a decline in revenues at UEC of
$2.2 million primarily attributable to the timing of contract awards and the receipt of material used in production of key programs.

The  table  below  details  the  percentage  of  total  recognized  revenue  by  type  of  arrangement  for  the  years  ended  December  31,

2017 and 2016:

Type of Revenue

Sale of products
Maintenance and support agreements
Long term research and development contracts
Total

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

96.2%   
3.2%   
0.6%   
100.0%   

95.3%
4.3%
0.4%
100.0%

Cost of revenues. Cost of revenues totaled $71.1 million during 2017, compared to $64.8 million in 2016, an increase of $6.3
million, or 9.7%, due primarily to higher costs associated with higher revenues in both our divisions. Cost of revenues were $29.2 million
for the Training and Simulation Division as compared to $26.2 million in 2016, an increase of $3.0 million, or 11.5%, due primarily to
higher costs associated with increased revenues, and $41.9 million for the Power Systems Division as compared to $38.6 million in 2016,
an increase of $3.3 million, or 8.5%, due primarily to higher costs associated with increased revenues.

Research and development expenses. Research and development expenses for 2017 were $3.0 million, compared to $2.7 million
during 2016, an increase of $318,000, or 11.7%, due primarily to increased development activities in our Vehicle Simulation product area
offset by a decrease in research and development expense as key personnel were assigned to project-related development activities in our
U.S. operations of our Power Systems Division.

Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses for 2017 were $7.8 million, compared to $7.0 million in 2016,
an increase of $845,000, or 12.0%, due primarily to increased selling and marketing efforts in our Vehicle Simulation product area as well
as increased efforts in our use-of-force product areas.

General  and  administrative  expenses.  General  and  administrative  expenses  for  2017  were  $11.6  million,  compared  to  $15.3
million in 2016, a decrease of $3.7 million or 24.1%.  The decrease is primarily due to $1.4 million in lower salaries and benefits, $1.0
million  non-recurring  severance  resulting  from  the  2016  separation  of  our  former  Chairman  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  as  well  as  a
reduction in our stock compensation expense in the amount of $480,000.

Amortization of intangible assets. Amortization of intangible assets totaled $2.2 million in 2017, compared to $2.9 million in
2016,  a  decrease  of  $670,000,  or  23.3%,  due  primarily  to higher  amortization  expense  recognized  in  2016  pertaining  to  shorter  lived
intangible assets.

Other income (expense), net. Other expense totaled ($8,000) in 2017, compared to income of $65,000 in 2016, an increase in

expense of $73,000.

Financial expense, net. Financial expense totaled $1.1 million in 2017, compared to financial expense of $1.0 million in 2016,

an increase of $101,000, or 10.4%, due primarily to foreign exchange transactions.

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Income taxes. We recorded a $2.0 million tax benefit in 2017, compared to $783,000 in tax expense in 2016, a decrease in tax
expense of $2.8 million, or 358.4%. The primary reason for the decrease in income tax expense is attributable to the re-measurement of
our deferred tax liabilities associated with the change in the federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% attributable to the Tax
Act.

Net income (loss). Due to the factors cited above, we went from a net loss from continuing operations of ($1.5) million in 2016

to a net income of $3.8 million in 2017.

Fiscal Year 2016 compared to Fiscal Year 2015

Revenues. We recognized revenues as follows:

Ø          Training and Simulation Division – We recognized revenues from the sale of air warfare simulators and vehicle simulators,
interactive use-of-force training systems and from the provision of maintenance services in connection with such systems.

Ø                    Power  Systems  Division  –  We  recognized  revenues  from  sales  of  electronics  engineering  products  and  provision  of  design
services for the military, as well as from the sale of batteries, chargers, adapters and power hub products to the military and commercial
customers. We also recognized revenues from the sale of water-activated battery (“WAB”) lifejacket lights.

Revenues for 2016 totaled $93.0 million, compared to $96.6 million in 2015, a decrease of $3.6 million, or 3.7%, due primarily
to lower revenues in our in our Training and Simulation Division. In 2016, revenues were $46.4 million for the Training and Simulation
Division as compared to $54.6 million in 2015, a decrease of $8.2 million, or 15.1%, due primarily to the timing of contracts; and $46.6
million for the Power Systems Division as compared to $42.0 million in 2015, an increase of $4.6 million, or 11.1%, as noted above.

The  table  below  details  the  percentage  of  total  recognized  revenue  by  type  of  arrangement  for  the  years  ended  December  31,

2016 and 2015:

Type of Revenue

Sale of products
Maintenance and support agreements
Long term research and development contracts
Total

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

95.3%   
4.3%   
0.4%   
100.0%   

94.1%
5.5%
0.4%
100.0%

Cost of revenues.  Cost  of  revenues  totaled  $64.8  million  during  2016,  compared  to  $68.5  million  in  2015,  a  decrease  of  $3.7
million, or 5.3%, due primarily to lower costs associated with lower revenues in our Training and Simulation Division. Cost of revenues
were $26.2 million for the Training and Simulation Division as compared to $34.2 million in 2015, a decrease of $8.0 million, or 23.5%,
due  primarily  to  lower  costs  associated  with  lower  revenues  and  $38.6  million  for  the  Power  Systems  Division  as  compared  to  $34.2
million in 2015, an increase of $4.4 million, or 12.9%, due primarily to higher costs associated with increased revenues.

Research and development expenses. Research and development expenses for 2016 were $2.7 million, compared to $3.1 million
during 2015, a decrease of $352,000, or 11.5%, due primarily to an increase in funding related to product development activities by our
customers in our Power Systems Division.

Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses for 2016 were $7.0 million, compared to $5.4 million in 2015,
an increase of $1.6 million, or 30.8%, due primarily to increased focus on selling and marketing activities in the U.S. operations of our
Power Systems Division as well as increases in sales and marketing staff costs in our Training and Simulation Division.

General  and  administrative  expenses.  General  and  administrative  expenses  for  2016  were  $15.3  million,  compared  to  $16.3
million in 2015, a decrease of $1.0 million, or 6.3%, due primarily to reductions in our general and administrative expenses within our
Power Systems Division of $2.0 million offset by increases in our Corporate Division related to the severance associated with the early
termination agreement of our former Chief Executive Officer of approximately $1.0 million.

Amortization of intangible assets. Amortization of intangible assets totaled $2.9 million in 2016, compared to $3.0 million in
2015, a decrease of $168,000, or 5.5%, due primarily to higher amortization expense being recognized in 2015 pertaining to shorter lived
intangible assets.

Other  income  (expense),  net.  Other  income  totaled  $65,000  in  2016,  compared  to  other  expense  of  ($24,000)  in  2015,  an

increase of $89,000.

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Financial expense, net. Financial expense totaled $1.0 million in 2016, compared to financial expense of $1.2 million in 2015, a

decrease of $177,000, or 15.4%, due primarily less interest expense based on less debt outstanding throughout the course of 2016.

Income taxes. We recorded $783,000 in tax expense in 2016, compared to $1.2 million in tax expense in 2015, a decrease of
$378,000, or 32.5%, primarily due to lower state and international tax obligations offset by annual tax expense recognized related to the
“naked” tax credits previously described.

Net income (loss). Due to the factors cited above, we went from a net loss from continuing operations of ($2.1) million in 2015

to a net loss of ($1.5) million in 2016.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2017, we had $5.2 million in cash and $284,000 in restricted collateral deposits, as compared to December
31, 2016, when we had $7.1 million in cash and $269,000 in restricted collateral deposits.  We also had $9.1 million in available, unused
bank lines of credit as of December 31, 2017, under a $15.0 million debt credit facility.

We used available funds in 2017 primarily for  investment in fixed assets and repayment of long-term debt. We purchased land
and  a  building  for  $2.1  million  previously  leased  by  our  Training  and  Simulation  Division  in  Ann  Arbor,  Michigan  and  invested
approximately $2.6 million in capital projects during 2017. Our net property and equipment amounted to $9.3 million as of December 31,
2017.

Net  cash  provided  by  operating  activities  for  operations  for  2017,  2016,  and  2015  was  $1.9  million,  $2.6  million,  and  $4.4
million,  respectively.    The  decrease  of  $737,000  in  cash  provided  by  operating  activities  for  2017  as  compared  to  2016  was  primarily
attributable to $6.9 million of higher trade and unbilled receivables resulting from an increase in revenue during the fourth quarter of 2017
and a non-recurring severance payment of $2.3 million paid to our former Chief Executive Officer.  These amounts were partially offset
by  improved  operating  results,  increase  in  our  trade  payables,  other  payables  and  deferred  revenue  of  $5.0  million  and  a  $2.1  million
reduction in inventory as a result of an increase in fourth quarter revenues.

Net cash used in investing activities for 2017, 2016, and 2015 was ($5.4) million, ($2.1) million, and ($1.4) million, an increase
between 2017 and 2016 of $3.3 million and between 2016 and 2015 of $625,000. The net change in cash used in investing activities for
2017  as  compared  to  2016  was  due  primarily  to  the  building  purchase  referred  to  above  and  $1.2  million  in  other  capital  projects,
including $700,000 related to the implementation of an enterprise resource planning system within our Israel Power Systems unit.

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities for 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $2.4 million, ($3.8) million, and ($3.6) million,
respectively, a change between 2017 and 2016 of $6.2 million and between 2015 and 2014 of $247,000. The increase in 2017 of cash used
in financing activities was primarily due to proceeds associated with Term Loans B and C (described below) of $2.2 million, an increase in
the utilization of our line of credit of $2.1 million, offset by payments on our long-term debt of $1.8 million.

As of December 31, 2017, our line-of-credit and long-term bank debt, including current maturities, was $5.1 million and $10.8
million as compared to December 31, 2016, when we had $3.0 million outstanding on our line of credit and $10.5 million in long-term
debt outstanding, including current maturities.

We maintain credit facilities with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“Chase”), whereby Chase provides (i) a $15,000,000 revolving
credit facility (“Revolver”), (ii) a $10,000,000 Term Loan (“Term Loan A”), (iii) a $1,730,895 Mortgage Loan (“Term Loan B”) and (iv)
a $1,358,000 Mortgage Loan (“Term Loan C”); collectively referred to as the “Credit Facilities.”

The maturity of the Revolver is March 11, 2021. The Revolver maintains an interest rate on a scale ranging from LIBOR plus

1.75% up to LIBOR plus 3.00%. The effective interest rate for the revolver at December 31, 2017 was 5.0%.

The maturity of Term Loan A is March 11, 2021. This Term Loan maintains an interest rate on a scale ranging from LIBOR plus
2.0% up to LIBOR plus 3.25%. The repayment of this Term Loan consists of 60 consecutive monthly payments of principal plus accrued
interest based on annual principal reductions of 10% during the first year, 20% during the second through fourth years, and 30% during
the fifth year. The effective interest rate for this Term Loan at December 31, 2017 was 5.25%.

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Table of Contents

During  2017,  we  purchased  land  and  a  building  previously  leased  by  our  Training  and  Simulation  Division  in Ann Arbor,
Michigan for $2.2 million. As a result, we now have two Mortgage Loans (“Term Loans B and C”). The maturities of the Mortgage Loans
are June 1, 2024 and maintain an interest rate on a scale identical to the Term Loan. The monthly payments on the Mortgage Loans are
$12,872 in principal plus accrued interest, with balloon payments due at the maturity date. The effective interest rate for the Mortgage
Loans at December 31, 2017 was 5.25%.

The  Credit  Facilities  maintain  certain  reporting  requirements,  conditions  precedent,  affirmative  covenants  and  financial
covenants. We are required to maintain certain financial covenants that include a Maximum Debt to EBITDA ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 and a
Minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1.20 to 1.00. We were in compliance with our covenants at December 31, 2017.

The Credit Facilities are secured by our assets and the assets of our domestic subsidiaries.

Subject  to  all  of  the  reservations  regarding  “forward-looking  statements”  set  forth  above,  we  believe  that  our  present  cash
position,  anticipated  cash  flows  from  operations  and  availability  under  our  lines  of  credit  should  be  sufficient  to  satisfy  our  current
estimated cash requirements through the next twelve months.

Effective Corporate Tax Rate

Certain of our subsidiaries incurred net operating losses during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. With respect to
some of our U.S. subsidiaries that operated at a net profit during 2017, we were able to offset federal taxes against our net operating loss
carryforward. These subsidiaries are, however, subject to state taxes that cannot be offset against our net operating loss carryforward. We
also set up a tax liability for the impact of the deductions taken for goodwill.

As of December 31, 2017, we had a U.S. net operating loss carryforward of approximately $40.7 million that is available to offset
future  taxable  income  under  certain  circumstances,  expiring  primarily  from  2021  through  2032,  and  foreign  net  operating  and  loss
carryforwards  of  approximately $91.5  million,  which  are  available  indefinitely  to  offset  future  taxable  income  under  certain
circumstances.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our
financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital
resources that are material to our stockholders.

Contractual Obligations

The following table lists our contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2017, not including trade payables and

other accounts payable:

Contractual Obligations

Bank obligations
Operating lease obligations
Severance obligations

Total
15,910,000 
2,758,000 
4,710,000 

 $
 $
 $

Less Than 1
Year
7,340,000 
852,000 
– 

 $
 $
 $

 $
 $
 $

1-3 Years

3-5 Years

5,045,000 
1,102,000 
– 

 $
 $
 $

1,299,000 
635,000 
– 

 $
 $
 $

More than 5
Years
2,226,000 
169,000 
4,710,000 

Payment Due by Period

ITEM 7A.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Not applicable.

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ITEM 8.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

F-1
F-2
F-4
F-5
F-8
F-10

ITEM  9.        CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND  FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

ITEM 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of December 31, 2017, our management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated
our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  related  to  the  recording,  processing,  summarization,  and  reporting  of  information  in  our  reports
that we file with the SEC. These disclosure controls and procedures are intended to ensure that information relating to us, including our
subsidiaries, that is required to be disclosed in the reports that we file with the SEC is made known to our management, including these
officers, by other of our employees, and that this information is recorded, processed, summarized, evaluated, and reported, as applicable,
within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Due to the
inherent  limitations  of  control  systems,  not  all  misstatements  may  be  detected.  These  inherent  limitations  include  the  realities  that
judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Any system of controls
and  procedures,  no  matter  how  well  designed  and  operated,  can  at  best  provide  only  reasonable  assurance  that  the  objectives  of  the
system  are  met  and  management  necessarily  is  required  to  apply  its  judgment  in  evaluating  the  cost  benefit  relationship  of  possible
controls and procedures. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more
people,  or  by  management  override  of  the  control.  Our  controls  and  procedures  are  intended  to  provide  only  reasonable,  not  absolute,
assurance that the above objectives have been met.

Based on their evaluation as of December 31, 2017, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer were able to
conclude that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934) were effective.

We will continue to review and evaluate the design and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures on an ongoing
basis and to improve our controls and procedures over time and correct any deficiencies that we may discover in the future. Our goal is to
ensure  that  our  senior  management  has  timely  access  to  all  material  financial  and  non-financial  information  concerning  our  business.
While we believe the present design of our disclosure controls and procedures is effective to achieve our goal, future events affecting our
business may cause us to modify our disclosure controls and procedures.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our  management,  including  our  principal  executive  and  financial  officers,  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining
adequate  internal  control  over  our  financial  reporting,  as  such  term  is  defined  in  Exchange Act  Rule  13a-15(f).  Our  management  has
evaluated the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. In making our assessment of internal control over financial reporting, management
used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the Treadway Commission in the 2013 Internal
Control – Integrated Framework.

Our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2017.

Our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2017  has  been  audited  by  BDO  USA,  LLP,  an  independent

registered public accounting firm, as stated in their attestation report which appears herein.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter to which
this Annual Report on Form 10-K relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control
over financial reporting.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Arotech Corporation
Ann Arbor, Michigan

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Arotech Corporation’s (the “Company’s”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on
criteria  established  in Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the
Treadway Commission (the “COSO criteria”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”),
the  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Arotech  Corporation  as  of  December  31,  2017  and  2016,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of
operations  and  comprehensive  income  (loss),  changes  in  stockholders’  equity  and  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period
ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and our report dated March 15, 2018, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the
effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the  accompanying  Item  9A,  Management’s  Report  on  Internal
Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting
based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the
Company  in  accordance  with  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange
Commission and the PCAOB.

We  conducted  our  audit  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB.  Those  standards
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting
was  maintained  in  all  material  respects.  Our  audit  included  obtaining  an  understanding  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,
assessing  the  risk  that  a  material  weakness  exists,  and  testing  and  evaluating  the  design  and  operating  effectiveness  of  internal  control
based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting
principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the
maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the
company;  (2)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in
accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in
accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention
or  timely  detection  of  unauthorized  acquisition,  use,  or  disposition  of  the  company’s  assets  that  could  have  a  material  effect  on  the
financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of
any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ BDO USA, LLP
Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 15, 2018

ITEM 9B.    OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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ITEM 10.    DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

PART III

Executive Officers, Directors and Significant Employees

Executive Officers and Directors

Our executive officers and directors and their ages as of February 28, 2018 were as follows:

Name

  Age  

Position

Jon B. Kutler
Michael E. Marrus
Kenneth W. Cappell
Lawrence F. Hagenbuch
Adm. James J. Quinn (Ret.)
Dean M. Krutty
Thomas J. Paup
Kelli L. Kellar

61   Chairman of the Board
54   Director
65   Director
51   Director
65   Director
53   President and Chief Executive Officer
69   Senior Vice President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer until March 31, 2018
52   Vice President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer after March 31, 2018

Our by-laws provide for a board of directors of three or more directors. There are currently five directors. Under the terms of our
certificate of incorporation, the board of directors is composed of three classes of similar size, each elected in a different year, so that only
one-third of the board of directors is elected in any single year. Mr. Marrus and Mr. Kutler are designated Class I directors and have been
elected for a term expiring in 2018 or until their successor is elected and qualified; Mr. Hagenbuch is designated a Class II director elected
for a term expiring in 2020 or until his successors are elected and qualified; and Mr. Cappell and Adm. Quinn are designated Class III
directors  elected  for  a  term  that  expires  in  2019  or  until  their  successors  are  elected  and  qualified.  A  majority  of  the  Board  is
“independent” under relevant SEC and Nasdaq regulations.

Directors and Executive Officers

Jon B. Kutler has been one of our directors since February 2016 and our Chairman of the Board since May 2016. Mr. Kutler is
currently chairman and CEO of Admiralty Partners, Inc. (“API”), a private equity investment firm, a position he has held for more than
the  past  five  years. After  service  in  the  U.S.  Navy  and  nearly  a  decade  on  Wall  Street,  Mr.  Kutler  founded  Quarterdeck  Investment
Partners,  an  international  investment  bank  focused  on  the  global  aerospace  and  defense  markets.  He  sold  Quarterdeck  to  Jefferies  &
Company in 2002 to focus on private equity investments under API. He is a Trustee of the California Institute of Technology, where he
serves as chairman of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and as a member of the Technology Transfer Committee. From January 2011 until its
sale in February 2016, Mr. Kutler served on the Board of Directors of TeleCommunication Systems, Inc. Mr. Kutler is a graduate of the
United  States  Naval Academy  and  holds  a  Bachelor  of  Science  degree  in  Naval Architecture.  He  received  his  Masters  of  Business
Administration from Harvard University.

Mr. Kutler is a recognized investor, investment banker and expert in the aerospace and defense industries. He has been profiled
in BusinessWeek, The New York Times, Fortune, Institutional Investor, The Los Angeles Times, Defense News, and Aviation Week &
Space Technology, which have also featured his articles on consolidation, restructuring, and industry trends. He has also been a frequent
commentator  regarding  industry  issues  on  CNN,  CNBC  and  Bloomberg  Television.  He  has  testified  before  Congressional  committees,
served  as  Chairman  of  the  White  House  Small  Business  Task  Force  on  Defense  Conversion,  and  as  a  member  of  an  advisory  panel
established by the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment to evaluate the status of the space launch vehicle industry. We believe
that Mr. Kutler’s background and experience make him appropriate to serve as one of our directors in light of our business and structure.

Michael  E.  Marrus  has  been  one  of  our  directors  since  October  2007.  Since  September  2015,  Mr.  Marrus  has  been  the
managing director of The Special Equities Group, a Division of Chardan Capital Markets, LLC. Before that, Mr. Marrus was a Senior
Managing  Director  at  Dominick  and  Dominick,  a  wealth  management  and  investment  services  firm,  and  a  Managing  Director  of
Merriman Capital, Inc., a financial services firm focused on growth companies. From 1998 to 2009, he was a Managing Director of C.E.
Unterberg, Towbin & Co., an investment banking firm that was acquired by Collins Stewart plc. Prior to joining Unterberg, Towbin, Mr.
Marrus was a Principal and founding member of Fieldstone Private Capital Group, an investment banking firm specializing in corporate,
project  and  structured  finance.  Previously,  he  was  employed  at  Bankers  Trust  Company,  initially  in  the  Private  Equity  and  Merchant
Banking  Groups  and  subsequently  in  BT  Securities,  the  securities  affiliate  of  Bankers  Trust.  Mr.  Marrus  has  an  A.B.  from  Brown
University and an MBA from the Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago.

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Mr. Marrus has been involved in mergers and acquisitions as an investment banker and has experience in company valuation in a
wide  range  of  industries,  a  critical  skill  set  for  us.  We  believe  that  Mr.  Marrus’s  background  and  experience  make  him  appropriate  to
serve as one of our directors in light of our business and structure.

Kenneth W. Cappell has been one of our directors since May 2015. Mr. Cappell has been an Adjunct Professor of Accounting
at Baruch College since August 2015. Mr. Cappell held a similar role at Yeshiva University from August 2014 until his appointment at
Baruch College. From 1987 until 2014, Mr. Cappell was  a  partner  of  PwC  and  its  predecessor  firms,  first  as  an  audit  partner  (through
2000), then as a regional leader of internal audit services (through 2010), and finally as a managing partner of strategic development for
PwC’s Risk Assurance practice (through his retirement in 2014). Mr. Cappell has worked with public companies in a variety of industries,
including  consumer  and  industrial  products,  financial  services  and  entertainment.  He  has  advised  public  company  audit  committees  on
diverse topics and has served as the de facto internal audit director at several companies. Mr. Cappell is a member of AICPA and the New
York State Society of CPAs. He has served as a guest lecturer at the New York University Stern School of Business and Baruch College.
Mr. Cappell has a B.A. in Economics from Yeshiva University and an MBA in Finance from NYU Stern.

Mr. Cappell brings many years of experience as a partner at PwC with extensive financial accounting knowledge that is critical to
our board of directors. Mr. Cappell’s experience with accounting principles, financial reporting rules and regulations, evaluating financial
results  and  generally  overseeing  the  financial  reporting  process  of  large  public  companies  from  an  independent  auditor’s  perspective,
coupled with his knowledge of internal audit, risks and controls, makes him an invaluable asset to our board of directors. We believe that
Mr. Cappell’s background and experience make him appropriate to serve as one of our directors in light of our business and structure.

Lawrence  F.  Hagenbuch  has  been  one  of  our  directors  since  March  2016.  Mr.  Hagenbuch  is  currently  the  Chief  Operating
Officer and Chief Financial Officer for J. Hilburn, Inc., a custom clothier for men. Mr. Hagenbuch has been with J. Hilburn since May
2010.  Mr.  Hagenbuch  served  on  the  board  of  directors  of  Remy  International  (Nasdaq:  REMY)  from  November  2008  until  that
company’s  sale  in  November  2015,  where  he  served  on  the  audit  and  compensation  committees.  Mr.  Hagenbuch  has  served  in  senior
management  positions  for  SunTx  Capital  Partners,  Alix  Partners,  GE  /  GE  Capital,  and  American  National  Can  Group,  Inc.  Mr.
Hagenbuch began his professional career in the United States Navy. Mr. Hagenbuch has extensive experience in supply chain, operational
and  profitability  improvements,  and  through  his  background  as  a  consultant  and  in  senior  management  roles  at  various  companies,  he
brings  considerable  experience  in  implementing  lean  manufacturing  discipline  and  in  creating  innovative  business  and  marketing
strategies.  Mr.  Hagenbuch  earned  a  B.S.  in  Mechanical  and  Materials  Engineering  from  Vanderbilt  University  and  an  MBA  from  the
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.

Mr.  Hagenbuch  has  extensive  experience  in  supply  chain,  operational  and  profitability  improvements,  and  through  his
background as a consultant and in senior management roles at various companies, he brings considerable experience in implementing lean
manufacturing discipline and in creating innovative business and marketing strategies. We believe that Mr. Hagenbuch’s background and
experience make him appropriate to serve as one of our directors in light of our business and structure.

Rear Admiral James J. Quinn, USN (Ret.) has been one of our directors since May 2016. Adm. Quinn left the United States
Navy in October 2003 after a 30-year career that included tours of duty as Director of Operations, Plans, Policy and Training with the
Atlantic Fleet, a total of five commands (including command of a carrier group and of a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier), Senior Military
Assistant to the Secretary of Defense, Commander of Naval Space Command, and the Naval Aide to two U.S. Presidents. After leaving
the Navy, Adm. Quinn began a ten-year business career with Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, a division of Northrop Grumman
Corporation (“NGC”) (NYSE: NOC), where he served as Director of Navy-Marine Corps Programs & Corporate Lead Executive for the
NGC Integrated Systems Sector from 2003 to 2004, Vice President of Business Development for the Military Space Systems Division of
NGC from 2004 to 2009, Vice President of Business Development for the Strike & Surveillance Systems Division of NGC from 2009 to
2011,  and  Vice  President  of  Business  Development  for  the  Unmanned  Systems  Division  of  NGC  from  2012  until  his  retirement  from
NGC in 2013. Adm. Quinn holds a B.S. in Mathematics from the United States Naval Academy, and is a graduate of the Navy Nuclear
Power Program. He received his wings and was designated a Naval Flight Officer at Naval Air Station Pensacola in 1975. Adm. Quinn is
the recipient of the Defense Superior Service Medal, five Legions of Merit, two Bronze Stars, two Meritorious Service Medals, four Air
Medals (two Individual with Combat “V”/2 Strike-Flight) and four Navy Commendation Medals (two with Combat “V”).

Adm. Quinn’s extraordinary record of service and experience, both military and business, give him experience that we believe to
be  an  invaluable  addition  to  our  Board. Adm.  Quinn’s  experience  in  both  the  military  and  civilian  side  of  the  defense  sector  is  highly
relevant to our business. We believe that Adm. Quinn’s background and experience make him appropriate to serve as one of our directors
in light of our business and structure.

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Dean  M.  Krutty  became  our  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  in  March  2018  after  having  served  as  our Acting  Chief
Executive  Officer  since  January  2017.  Mr.  Krutty  became  President  of  our  Training  and  Simulation  Division  in  January  2005,  after
having spent the prior thirteen years as a member of the FAAC management team, and was promoted to Arotech’s Senior Vice President,
Operations  –  North America  in  January  2015  and  Executive  Vice  President,  Operations  –  North America  in  June  2016.  He  began  his
career  at  FAAC  as  an  electrical  engineer  in  FAAC’s  part  task  trainer  division  and  served  as  FAAC’s  Director  of  Operations  prior  to
becoming its President. He also has significant experience managing programs in the training and simulation industry. Mr. Krutty holds a
B.S. in electrical engineering from the Michigan State University.

Thomas J. Paup has been our Vice President – Finance since December 2005 and our Chief Financial Officer since February
2006,  and  in  May  2013,  Mr.  Paup  was  promoted  to  Senior  Vice  President.  Mr.  Paup  is  currently  also  a  Finance  Lecturer  at  Eastern
Michigan University. Mr. Paup was an Affiliated Partner with McMillan|Doolittle LLP, a retail consulting firm, from March 2002 until
accepting  this  position  with  us,  and  prior  thereto,  he  was  an  Executive  in  Residence  and  Finance  Instructor  at  DePaul  University’s
Kellstadt Graduate School of Business. Prior to his teaching experience, Mr. Paup spent over 25 years in the retail industry. Most recently,
between 1997 and 2000, Mr. Paup was the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and member of the Board of Directors of
Montgomery  Ward  and  Company,  formerly  a  private  mail  order  and  department  store  retailer.  Mr.  Paup  brings  a  broad  background  of
strategic  and  operational  management  experiences  from  the  department  store  industry,  where  he  served  as  CFO  of  Lord  &  Taylor,  an
upscale,  specialty-retail  department  store  chain,  and  Kaufmann’s,  a  department  store  that  merged  into  Macy’s,  Inc.  (“Macy’s”),  and
Controller  of  Bloomingdale’s,  an  upscale  chain  of  department  stores  owned  by  Macy’s,  and  Robinson-May,  formerly  a  chain  of
department stores. Mr. Paup holds an MBA in Finance and a BBS from Eastern Michigan University. Mr. Paup plans to retire on March
31, 2018.

Kelli L. Kellar has been our Vice President – Finance since January 2018. She is expected to take over as our Chief Financial
Officer beginning on April 1, 2018. Ms. Kellar was Senior Manager of External Reporting, PP&E Reporting and IFRS Accounting with
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (NYSE: FCA), the world’s eighth-largest auto maker, from November 2013 until the end of 2017. From May
2009  until  November  2013,  Ms.  Kellar  was  Vice  President  and  controller  of  Silverpop  Systems,  Inc.,  a  privately-held,  international
software development company. Since 1995 Ms. Kellar has held accounting and finance positions with both public and private companies,
including  serving  as  Chief Accounting  Officer  with  Premier  Exhibitions,  Inc.  (Nasdaq:  PRXI),  a  provider  of  global  museum-quality
touring exhibitions, from 2007 to 2009. Ms. Kellar holds a B.Acc. and an M.S. in taxation from Florida International University.

Board Leadership Structure

We  do  not  have  a  policy  regarding  the  advisability  of  separating  the  positions  of  chief  executive  officer  and  chairman  of  the
board. Beginning in October 2014, the board determined that it would be preferable to separate the positions of chief executive officer and
chairman. As part of our periodic board self-evaluation process, we evaluate our leadership structure to ensure that the board continues to
believe that it provides the optimal structure for our company and stockholders. We recognize that different board leadership structures
may be appropriate for companies in different situations. We continue to believe this board leadership structure to be best for our company
and our stockholders at this time.

Committees of the Board of Directors

Our board of directors has an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee, and a Nominating Committee. In 2017 our board
decided to dispense with having a standing Executive and Finance Committee in view of the streamlined size of the board. The current
composition of the various committees of the Board of Directors is as follows (the name of the chairman of each committee appears in
italics):

Audit Committee
Kenneth W. Cappell
Michael Marrus
James J. Quinn

Compensation Committee
Michael E. Marrus
Lawrence F. Hagenbuch
Kenneth W. Cappell

Nominating Committee
James J. Quinn
Lawrence F. Hagenbuch

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Audit Committee

The purpose of the Audit Committee is to review with management and our independent auditors the scope and results of the
annual audit, the nature of any other services provided by the independent auditors, changes in the accounting principles applied to the
presentation of our financial statements, and any comments by the independent auditors on our policies and procedures with respect to
internal accounting, auditing and financial controls. The Audit Committee was established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In addition, the Audit Committee is charged with the responsibility for making decisions on
the engagement, compensation, retention and oversight of the work of our independent auditors. The Audit Committee also is responsible
for the oversight and work of our of internal audit department. The Audit Committee consists of Mr. Cappell (Chair) Mr. Marrus, and
Adm.  Quinn.  Each  member  of  the Audit  Committee  is  an  “independent  director,”  as  that  term  is  defined  in  Nasdaq  Marketplace  Rule
4200(a)(15) and the SEC’s Rule 10A-3. All Audit Committee members possess the level of financial literacy required by law. Our Board
of Directors has determined that each of Mr. Cappell and Mr. Marrus qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” under applicable
SEC and Nasdaq regulations. As required by law, the Audit Committee operates pursuant to a charter that governs its duties, available
through 
at
http://content.equisolve.net/arotech/media/b7c6b7bc3ea4b17ef9af28aab2221d6d.pdf.

hyperlink 

relations 

investor 

website 

located 

page 

our 

the 

on 

of 

a 

Compensation Committee

The duties of the Compensation Committee are to recommend compensation arrangements for our executive officers and review

annual compensation arrangements for all other officers and significant employees.

The  Compensation  Committee  consists  of  Mr.  Marrus  (Chair),  and  Messrs.  Hagenbuch  and  Cappell.  Each  member  of  the
Compensation Committee is an independent director as that term is defined in the NASD listing standards. The Compensation Committee
operates  under  a  formal  charter  that  governs  its  duties,  which  charter  is  publicly  available  through  a  hyperlink  located  on  the  investor
relations page of our website, at http://content.stockpr.com/arotech/media/249a9ac7cc90aa315f94037d49d2246e.pdf.

The  Compensation  Committee  maintains  compensation  and  incentive  programs  designed  to  motivate,  retain  and  attract
management  and  utilize  various  combinations  of  base  salary,  bonuses  payable  upon  the  achievement  of  specified  goals,  discretionary
bonuses and grants of restricted stock. Our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Dean M. Krutty, and our Chief Financial Officer, Mr. Thomas J.
Paup,  are  parties  to  employment  agreements  with  us,  as  is  Ms.  Kellar,  who  will  take  over  the  position  of  Chief  Financial  Officer
beginning April 1, 2018. The Compensation Committee reviews the compensation, both cash and stock, of our executive officers on an
annual basis, while taking into account as well changes in compensation during previous years. Some of these components, such as salary,
are generally fixed and do not vary based on our financial and other performance; some components, such as bonus, are in whole or in
part  dependent  upon  the  achievement  of  certain  goals  jointly  agreed  upon  by  our  management  and  the  Compensation  Committee;  and
some components, such as restricted stock, have a value that is dependent upon our stock price at the time of award and going forward.
The Compensation Committee reviews the compensation, both cash and stock, of our executive officers on an annual basis, while taking
into account as well changes in compensation during previous years.

The  Compensation  Committee  performs  an  annual  review  of  our  executive  officers’  cash  compensation  and  restricted  stock
holdings  to  determine  whether  they  provide  adequate  compensation  for  the  services  they  perform,  as  well  as  adequate  incentives  and
motivation  to  our  executive  officers  and  whether  they  adequately  compensate  our  executive  officers  relative  to  comparable  officers  in
other companies.

Compensation Committee meetings typically have included, for all or a portion of some of the meetings, a representative of The
Burke Group, Inc., a well-known consulting firm specializing in executive officer compensation, as well as preliminary discussion with
our senior officers prior to our Compensation Committee deliberating without any members of management present. For compensation
decisions,  including  decisions  regarding  the  grant  of  equity  compensation  relating  to  executive  officers,  the  Compensation  Committee
typically considers the recommendations of our Chief Executive Officer.

Nominating Committee

The  Nominating  Committee  identifies  and  proposes  candidates  to  serve  as  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors.  Proposed
nominees for membership on the Board of Directors submitted in writing by stockholders to Arotech’s Secretary will be brought to the
attention of the Nominating Committee and will be evaluated in accordance with the same guidelines as other candidates are considered
by  the  Nominating  Committee.  The  Nominating  Committee  consists  of Adm.  Quinn  (Chair)  and  Mr.  Hagenbuch.  Each  member  of  the
Nominating  Committee  is  an  independent  director  as  that  term  is  defined  in  the  Nasdaq  listing  standards.  The  Nominating  Committee
makes recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding new directors to be selected for membership on the Board of Directors and
its various committees. The Nominating Committee operates under a formal charter that governs its duties. The Nominating Committee’s
charter 
relations  page  of  our  website,  at
located  on 
http://content.equisolve.net/arotech/media/9db8a8bd53ecd3f2d895b23986e237c8.pdf.

is  publicly  available 

through  a  hyperlink 

investor 

the 

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Code of Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Ethics, as required by Nasdaq listing standards and the rules of the SEC, that applies to our principal
executive officer, our principal financial officer and our principal accounting officer. The Code of Ethics is publicly available through a
hyperlink 
at:
http://content.equisolve.net/arotech/media/df40a6c92bcbf0b776162586acce0841.pdf. If we make substantive amendments to the Code of
Ethics or grant any waiver, including any implicit waiver, that applies to anyone subject to the Code of Ethics, we will disclose the nature
of such amendment or waiver on the website or in a report on Form 8-K in accordance with applicable Nasdaq and SEC rules.

relations 

website, 

investor 

located 

page 

our 

the 

on 

of 

Code of Conduct

We have adopted a general Code of Conduct, as required by Nasdaq listing standards and the rules of the SEC, that applies to all
of our employees. The Code of Conduct is publicly available through a hyperlink located on the investor relations page of our website, at
http://content.equisolve.net/arotech/media/5c5e3b052edfcf1e78084a414a4c37c1.pdf.

Whistleblower Policy

We  have  adopted  a  Whistleblower  Policy,  as  required  by  Nasdaq  listing  standards,  in  order  to  ensure  compliance  with  the
provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Whistleblower Policy is publicly available through a hyperlink located on the investor
relations  page  of  our  website,  at http://content.stockpr.com/arotech/media/6a9edfc8a5cd8b55aa0c9f4a6aef0363.pdf.  Employees  with
complaints about our compliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements relating to accounting, auditing and internal control
matters may submit their complaints in person, by mail or other written communication or by telephone to our Complaint Administrator.
The  Complaint  Administrator  can  be  contacted  anonymously,  by  submitting  the  form  located  on  our  corporate  website  at
http://www.arotech.com/contact/ethics-compliance. Complaints sent in this manner will automatically be stripped of all computer-encoded
information identifying the originating e-mail address, and will then automatically be forwarded to the Complaint Administrator’s regular
e-mail address at Arotech.

Voting Agreements

On  February  2,  2016,  we  entered  into  a  Stock  Purchase  Agreement  with  Admiralty  Partners,  Inc.  (“API”),  which  was
subsequently amended (as amended, the “API Agreement”). In connection with the API Agreement, API and Messrs. Robert S. Ehrlich
(our former Executive Chairman) and the late Steven Esses (our former CEO) are parties to a Voting Agreement pursuant to which each
of Messrs. Ehrlich and Esses agrees to vote the shares of our common stock held by him in favor of the election of a director nominee
designated by API for so long as API holds at least 5% of our stock, and until July 31, 2017 API would with respect to the matters set forth
in the API Agreement vote the shares of common stock beneficially owned by it at any meeting of our stockholders in accordance with
the instructions of the our management. This obligation shall remain in effect for so long as API and its affiliates continue to beneficially
own  at  least  750,000  shares  of  our  common  stock.  On  February  24,  2016,  in  connection  with  the API Agreement,  Jon  B.  Kutler  was
appointed to our Board as a Class I director.

On March 25, 2016, we settled a threatened proxy contest with our then-largest stockholder, Ephraim Fields, by entering into a
settlement agreement (the “Fields Agreement”) in which we agreed to appoint a director selected by Mr. Fields to our Board as a Class II
director, to serve until our 2017 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Mr. Hagenbuch was appointed to the Board on that same date and as
required  by  the  Fields Agreement  was  named  to  the  Compensation,  Nominating,  and  Executive  and  Finance  Committees  (the  last  of
which  has  since  been  disbanded).  Pursuant  to  the  terms  of  our  settlement  agreement  with  Mr.  Fields,  Mr.  Fields  agreed,  among  other
things, to vote his shares in favor of our management’s nominees at the 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Director Compensation

Non-employee members of our Board of Directors are entitled to a cash retainer of $8,000 (plus expenses) per quarter, plus $500
per  quarter  for  each  committee  on  which  such  outside  directors  serve.  The  Chairman  of  the Audit  Committee  receives  an  additional
retainer of $1,500 per quarter, and the Chairman of the Compensation Committee receives an additional retainer of $1,000 per quarter. No
per-meeting  fees  are  paid.  In  addition,  we  have  adopted  a  Non-Employee  Director  Equity  Compensation  Plan,  pursuant  to  which  non-
employee directors receive an initial grant of a number of restricted shares of our common stock having a fair market value on the date of
grant equal to $25,000 upon their election as a director, and an annual grant on March 31 of each year of a number of restricted shares
having a fair market value on the date of grant equal to $35,000. Each grant of restricted stock shall become free of restrictions in three
equal  installments  on  each  of  the  first,  second  and  third  anniversaries  of  the  grant,  unless  the  director  is  removed  from  the  Board  of
Directors for cause prior to such vesting. Restrictions lapse automatically in the event of a director being removed from service other than
for  cause,  or  being  nominated  as  a  director  but  failing  to  be  elected,  or  death,  disability  or  mandatory  retirement.  Furthermore,  all
restrictions  lapse  prior  to  the  consummation  of  a  merger  or  consolidation  involving  us,  our  liquidation  or  dissolution,  any  sale  of
substantially  all  of  our  assets  or  any  other  transaction  or  series  of  related  transactions  as  a  result  of  which  a  single  person  or  several
persons acting in concert own a majority of our then-outstanding common stock.

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The following table shows the compensation earned or received by each of our directors for the year ended December 31, 2017:

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Name

Jon B. Kutler
Michael E. Marrus
Kenneth W. Cappell
Lawrence F. Hagenbuch
James J. Quinn
Richard I. Rudy*
Carol J. Battershell*

Fees
Earned or
Paid in
Cash

Stock
Awards
Granted
2017(1)

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

34,000 
40,000 
40,000 
38,000 
35,000 
18,000 
18,000 

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

35,000 
35,000 
35,000 
35,000 
35,000 
– 
– 

 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $

Total

69,000 (2) 
75,000 (3) 
75,000 (4) 
73,000 (5)
70,000 (6) 
18,000 (7) 
18,000 (8) 

  (1)
  (2)
  (3)
  (4)
  (5)
  (6)
  (7)
  (8)
  * 

This amount reflects the aggregate grant date fair value computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718.
As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Kutler held 28,468 unvested restricted shares of our common stock.
As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Marrus held 25,472 unvested restricted shares of our common stock.
As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Cappell held 24,452 unvested restricted shares of our common stock.
As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Hagenbuch held 28,106 unvested restricted shares of our common stock.
As of December 31, 2017, Adm. Quinn held 16,296 unvested restricted shares of our common stock.
As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Rudy held no unvested restricted shares of our common stock.
As of December 31, 2017, Ms. Battershell held no unvested restricted shares of our common stock.
This individual retired as a director effective March 27, 2017.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

The  Compensation  Committee  is  composed  entirely  of  directors  who  are  not  our  current  or  former  employees,  each  of  whom
meets  the  applicable  definition  of  “independent”  in  the  current  rules  of  the  under  the  listing  standards  of  Nasdaq  and  SEC  rules  and
regulations. None of the members of the compensation committee during fiscal 2017 (i) had any relationships requiring disclosure by us
under the SEC’s rules requiring disclosure of related party transactions, or (ii) was an executive officer of a company of which one of our
executive  officers  is  a  director.  The  Compensation  Committee  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  administering  our  executive
compensation policies. Our Compensation Committee does not have any interlocks with other public companies.

Significant Employees

Our significant employees as of February 28, 2018, and their ages as of December 31, 2017, are as follows:

Name

Kurt Flosky
Ronen Badichi
David Modeen
Yaakov Har-Oz
Colin Gallagher

Age
49
52
50
60
44

Position

  President, Training and Simulation Division
  General Manager, Power Systems Division – Europe and Asia
  President, Power Systems Division – United States
  Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
  Corporate Controller, Chief Accounting Officer

Kurt Flosky  has  been  President  of  our  Training  and  Simulation  Division  since  January  2015,  after  having  spent  the  prior  ten
years serving as an Executive Vice President at FAAC, with ten additional years as a member of FAAC’s senior management team. He
has been with FAAC since 1990 and has extensive experience in program management and business development within the training and
simulation arena. Mr. Flosky holds a B.S. and an M.S in aerospace engineering from the University of Michigan.

Ronen Badichi  became  the  General  Manager  of  Epsilor  Electronic  Industries  in  May  2005  and  the  General  Manager  of  our
Power Systems Division – Europe and Asia in December 2007. Prior to joining Epsilor, Mr. Badichi served since 1999 as the General
Manager of Maoz Industries, a high end supplier of displays to the aviation industry. Prior thereto, Mr. Badichi was a project manager at
BAE and served as the F-16 Avionics Integration manager in the Israeli Air Force, with the rank of Captain. Mr. Badichi holds a B.Sc. in
Physics and Electro-Optic Engineering from the Lev Institute of Technology in Jerusalem.

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David Modeen  has  been  President  of  our  Power  Systems  Division’s  U.S.  operations  since  December,  2016,  after  serving  as
Director of Product Management since joining UEC in 2015. Prior to joining UEC, Mr. Modeen served as Director of Operations for IEC
Electronics (NYSE: IEC), a contract manufacturing services company serving the military, industrial and medical markets. Before that,
Mr.  Modeen  spent  eleven  years  at  Ultralife,  where  he  served  in  several  roles  at  the  Vice  President  level.  Mr.  Modeen  holds  a  B.S.  in
Mechanical Engineering from the University at Buffalo and an MBA from Rochester Institute of Technology.

Yaakov Har-Oz has served as our Vice President and General Counsel since October 2000 and as our corporate Secretary since
December 2000. In December 2005, Mr. Har-Oz was promoted to Senior Vice President. From 1994 until October 2000, Mr. Har-Oz was
a partner in the Jerusalem law firm of Ben-Ze’ev, Hacohen & Co. Prior to moving to Israel in 1993, he was an administrative law judge
and in private law practice in New York. Mr. Har-Oz holds a B.A. from Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts and a J.D. from
Vanderbilt Law School (where he was an editor of the law review) in Nashville, Tennessee. He is a member of the New York bar and the
Israel Chamber of Advocates.

Colin Gallagher has served as our Controller and as our Chief Accounting Officer since May 2015. Prior to joining Arotech,
from  2013  to  2014,  Mr.  Gallagher  was  the  Controller  of  DTE  Energy  Trading,  a  physical  and  financial  gas  and  power  marketing
company. Prior to DTE, he was a Finance Director at Owens Corning (NYSE: OC) in Toledo Ohio, the world’s largest manufacturer of
fiberglass and related products. Before starting at Owens Corning, Mr. Gallagher spent twelve years at PwC in various positions, ending
his career there as a Senior Manager in the public and private company sector. Mr. Gallagher is a certified public accountant. He holds a
BBA from the Haworth College of Business at Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Michigan and an MBA from the Mendoza
College of Business at the University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Indiana.

Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Under  the  securities  laws  of  the  United  States,  our  directors,  certain  of  our  officers  and  any  persons  holding  more  than  ten
percent  of  our  common  stock  are  required  to  report  their  ownership  of  our  common  stock  and  any  changes  in  that  ownership  to  the
Securities and Exchange Commission. Specific due dates for these reports have been established and we are required to report any failure
to file by these dates. We are not aware of any instances during or prior to December 31, 2017, not previously disclosed by us, where such
“reporting persons” failed to file the required reports on or before the specified dates except as follows:

(i) Mr.  Kutler  was  required  to  file  a  Form  4  on  or  prior  to  May  31,  2016  in  connection  with  the  purchase  by  an  entity
affiliated with him of 15,000 shares of our stock. He reported this transaction in a Form 5 filed on February 14, 2018.

ITEM 11.    EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Compensation Committee Report

Under the rules of the SEC, this Compensation Committee Report is not deemed
to be incorporated by reference by any general statement incorporating
this Annual Report by reference into any filings with the SEC.

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the following Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b)
of  Regulation  S-K  with  management  and,  based  on  such  review  and  discussions,  the  Compensation  Committee  recommended  to  the
Board of Directors that the following Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Submitted by the Compensation Committee

Michael E. Marrus, Chairman
Lawrence F. Hagenbuch
Kenneth W. Cappell

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Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Preliminary Note

Pursuant to applicable SEC regulations, the information we present in this section relates to the chief executive officer, the chief
financial  officer,  and  the  three  additional  most  highly  compensated  “executive  officers”  (as  this  term  is  defined  in  the  regulations
promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), as well as up to two additional persons meeting the above criteria
but who were not employed by us at the end of the last fiscal year. We believe that in 2017 two individuals met these criteria, as follows
(we refer to these individuals throughout this Compensation Discussion and Analysis as our “named executive officers”):

Ø Dean M. Krutty, our President and Chief Executive Officer; and
Ø Thomas J. Paup, our Senior Vice President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer.

Introduction

In this section we present the principles underlying our executive officer compensation decisions and the most important factors
that we believe are relevant to an analysis of these decisions. Our goal here is to provide qualitative information regarding the manner
and context in which compensation is awarded to and earned by our named executive officers and to place in perspective the numerical
and other quantitative data presented in the tables and other information that follow this section.

We  have  designed  the  compensation  of  our  named  executive  officers  in  order  to  attract,  as  needed,  individuals  with  the  skills
necessary for us to achieve our business plan, to reward those individuals fairly over time, and to retain those individuals who perform at
or above our expectations.

Our named executive officers’ annual cash and stock compensation consists of several components, as follows:

Ø base salary;
Ø bonus, which is accrued in the year in which it is earned but is paid in cash in a subsequent year; and
Ø grants  of  restricted  stock  units,  where  the  restricted  stock  units  vest  over  a  period  of  time  or  pursuant  to  the  attainment  of  set
performance goals and unvested restricted stock units are forfeited to us should the executive officer’s employment be terminated,
provided that certain grants of restricted stock units provide for accelerated vesting under certain circumstances.

The  Compensation  Committee  reviews  the  compensation,  both  cash  and  stock,  of  our  named  executive  officers  on  an  annual

basis, while taking into account as well changes in compensation during previous years.

Some  of  these  components,  such  as  base  salary,  are  generally  fixed  and  do  not  vary  based  on  our  financial  and  other
performance; some components, such as bonus, are in whole or in part dependent upon the achievement of certain goals jointly agreed
upon by our management and the Compensation Committee; and some components, such as restricted stock units, have a value that is
dependent upon our stock price at the time of award and going forward.

We compensate our named executive officers in these different ways in order to achieve different goals. Cash compensation, for
example, provides our named executive officers with a guaranteed minimum base salary. We fix the base salary of each of our named
executive officers at a level that we believe enables us to hire and retain individuals in a competitive environment and rewards satisfactory
individual performance and a satisfactory level of contribution to our overall business goals. We also take into account the base salaries
paid by similarly-situated companies and the base salaries of other private and public companies with which we believe we compete for
talent. To this end, we utilize the services of an independent compensation consulting firm retained by the Compensation Committee, and
our Compensation Committee consults with this firm periodically, and annually when we review named executive officer compensation.

Incentive bonus compensation is generally linked to the achievement of short-term operational, strategic or financial goals, and
is  intended  to  reward  our  named  executive  officers  for  their  performance  in  reaching  goals  that  are  agreed  in  advance  between  our
management and the Compensation Committee. We design the cash incentive bonuses for each of our named executive officers to focus
the named executive officer on achieving key objectives within a yearly time horizon, as described in more detail below.

Grants  of  restricted  stock  units  are  intended  to  link  our  named  executive  officers’  longer-term  compensation  with  the
performance  of  our  stock,  which  is  an  issue  of  vital  importance  to  our  stockholders.  This  encourages  our  named  executive  officers  to
remain with us, to act in ways intended to maximize stockholder value, and to penalize them if our stock fails to perform to expectations.
These  grants  are  intended  to  produce  significant  value  for  each  named  executive  officer  if  we  achieve  our  goals  and  if  the  named
executive  officer  remains  with  us,  provided  that  certain  grants  of  restricted  stock  units  provide  for  accelerated  vesting  under  certain
circumstances.

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We view the three components of our named executive officer compensation as related but distinct. Although our Compensation
Committee does review total compensation, we do not believe that compensation derived from one component of compensation should
negate or reduce compensation from other components. We determine the appropriate level for each compensation component based in
part, but not exclusively, on our view of internal equity and consistency, individual performance and other information we deem relevant,
such as the data we receive from the consulting firm referred to above. Except as described below, our Compensation Committee has not
adopted  any  formal  or  informal  policies  or  guidelines  for  allocating  compensation  between  long-term  and  currently  paid  out
compensation, between cash and non-cash compensation, or among different forms of compensation. This is due to the small size of our
named  executive  officer  team  and  the  need  to  tailor  each  named  executive  officer’s  award  to  attract  and  retain  that  named  executive
officer.

In addition, we provide our named executive officers with benefits that are generally available to our salaried employees.

Our  Compensation  Committee  performs  an  annual  review  of  our  named  executive  officers’  cash  compensation  and  restricted
stock holdings to determine whether they provide adequate compensation for the services they perform, as well as adequate incentives
and  motivation  to  our  named  executive  officers  and  whether  they  adequately  compensate  our  named  executive  officers  relative  to
comparable officers in other companies. Our Compensation Committee’s most recent review occurred in February and March 2018, and
utilized  data  and  assessments  from  our  independent  compensation  consultant,  The  Burke  Group,  Inc.,  a  well-known  consulting  firm
specializing in named executive compensation. This review is described in more detail below.

Compensation Committee meetings typically have included, for all or a portion of some of the meetings, a representative of The
Burke  Group,  as  well  as  preliminary  discussion  with  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  prior  to  our  Compensation  Committee  deliberating
without  any  members  of  management  present.  For  compensation  decisions,  including  decisions  regarding  the  grant  of  equity
compensation  relating  to  named  executive  officers  (other  than  our  Chief  Executive  Officer),  the  Compensation  Committee  typically
considers the recommendations of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chairman of the Board, if they are not the same person.

We account for the equity compensation expense for our employees under the rules of ASC 718, which requires us to estimate
and record an expense for each award of equity compensation over the service period of the award. Accounting rules also require us to
record cash compensation as an expense at the time the obligation is accrued. We structure cash incentive bonus compensation so that it
is taxable to our employees at the time it is paid to them. It is not anticipated that the deduction of any compensation paid to any named
executive officer will be limited by Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code.

Benchmarking of Base Compensation and Equity Holdings

At  its  February  and  March  2018  meetings,  our  Compensation  Committee  determined  that  our  respective  named  executive
officers’ salaries, cash incentive bonuses and equity holdings were at or below the median of named executive officers with similar roles
at  public  companies  having  comparable  revenues  and  that  no  material  changes  should  be  made  to  the  cash  compensation  levels  of  our
named  executive  officers  until  our  annual  named  executive  officer  performance  reviews,  which  were  conducted  in  the  first  quarter  of
2018. This median was derived based on a report we obtained from The Burke Group in March 2018. The report compared our named
executive officer compensation with the results of two surveys, involving companies in the aerospace and military/defense industry with
revenues  of  between  $100  million  and  $200  million,  one  from  Willis  Watson  Data  Services  and  one  from  the  Economic  Research
Institute.  Our  Compensation  Committee  realizes  that  benchmarking  our  compensation  against  the  compensation  earned  at  comparable
companies may not always be appropriate, but believes that engaging in a comparative analysis of our compensation practices is useful. In
instances where a named executive officer is uniquely key to our success, the Compensation Committee may provide compensation above
the median referred to above. The Committee’s choice not to recommend to the Board of Directors immediate material changes to the
compensation levels following its review of The Burke Group’s report reflects our consideration of stockholders’ interests in paying what
is necessary, but not more than necessary, to achieve our corporate goals while conserving cash and equity as much as is practicable. We
believe  that  our  compensation  levels  are  generally  sufficient  to  retain  our  existing  named  executive  officers  and  to  hire  new  named
executive officers when and as required.

Compensation Policies and Practices as They Relate to Risk Management

In 2017, the Compensation Committee reviewed our compensation policies and practices and concluded that the mix and design
of these policies and practices are not reasonably likely to encourage our employees to take excessive risks, and that our compensation
policies  and  practices  are  not  reasonably  likely  to  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  us.  In  connection  with  its  evaluation,  the
Compensation Committee considered, among other things, the structure, philosophy and design characteristics of our primary incentive
compensation plans and programs in light of our risk management and governance procedures, as well as other factors that may calibrate
or balance potential risk-taking incentives. In particular, the Compensation Committee reviewed our compensation programs for certain
design  features  that  have  been  identified  by  experts  as  having  the  potential  to  encourage  excessive  risk-taking,  including  long  term
incentive  compensation  value  that  is  driven  entirely  by  increases  in  stock  price,  and  low  compensation  levels  exacerbated  by
performance-driven awards not paying out; including both annual bonus and long term incentive compensation, and noted that these are
not substantial factors in our executives’ compensation packages.

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Equity Compensation

At the February and March 2018 meetings of the Compensation Committee, the Compensation Committee, in consultation with
The Burke Group, analyzed the current restricted share holdings of our named executive officers and others, and found that the level of
equity stake of our named executive officers was at market for companies of similar size and experience as a public company.

We do not have any program, plan or obligation that requires us to grant equity compensation to any named executive officer on
specified dates. The authority to make equity grants to named executive officers rests with our Compensation Committee, although, as
noted  above,  the  Compensation  Committee  does  consider  the  recommendations  of  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  in  setting  the
compensation of our other named executive officers.

Cash Incentive Bonuses

Yearly cash incentive bonuses for our named executive officers are established as part of their respective individual employment
agreements.  Each  of  these  employment  agreements  provides  that  the  named  executive  officer  will  receive  a  cash  incentive  bonus
determined in the discretion of our Board of Directors, with a target bonus amount specified for that named executive officer based on
individualized objective and subjective criteria, pursuant to a specific formula. These bonus criteria are established by the Compensation
Committee on an annual basis, and include specific objectives relating to the achievement of business and/or financial milestones. The
target cash incentive bonus amount for each of our named executive officers is as follows:

Name of Named Executive Officer  
Dean M. Krutty
Thomas J. Paup

Title

  President and Chief Executive Officer
  Senior Vice President – Finance and Chief

  Minimum Bonus  
None
None

Maximum Bonus
  50% of annual base salary
  50% of annual base salary

Financial Officer

For  2017,  the  Compensation  Committee  chose  financial  targets  for  determining  eligibility  for  the  above-referenced  cash
incentive bonuses that are determined on the achievement of set budgetary forecast targets for Adjusted EBITDA, which is determined by
taking  net  profit  and  adding  back  in  interest  expense  (income),  depreciation  of  fixed  assets,  taxes,  and  amortization  of  inventory
adjustments and of intangible assets, capitalized software costs and technology impairment, as well as stock compensation expense, one-
time  transaction  expenses  and  certain  other  non-cash  expenses.  The  Compensation  Committee  determined  that  we  did  not  achieve  the
financial performance criteria established by the Compensation Committee for the year ended December  31,  2017,  and  accordingly  no
cash incentive bonuses were paid in respect of the year ended December 31, 2017. Financial targets for 2018 were set in accordance with
our 2018 budget forecast, and targets for determining eligibility for cash incentive bonuses will be determined partly on the achievement
of  set  budgetary  forecast  targets  for  Adjusted  EBITDA  and  partly  based  on  the  achievement  of  other  qualitative  objectives  to  be
established at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board.

Severance and Change in Control Benefits

Messrs. Krutty and Paup have a provision in their respective employment agreements providing for certain severance benefits in
the  event  of  termination  or  retirement.  These  severance  provisions  are  described  in  the  “Employment Agreements”  section  below,  and
certain estimates of these change of control benefits are provided in “Estimated Payments and Benefits upon Termination” below.

We  believe  the  severance  arrangements  that  we  have  with  Messrs.  Krutty  and  Paup  are  at  or  near  the  median  of  executive

officers with similar roles at public companies having comparable revenues.

Benefits

Messrs. Krutty and Paup are eligible to participate in all of our employee benefit plans, such as medical, group life and disability

insurance and our 401(k) plan, in each case on the same basis as our other U.S. employees.

Perquisites

Our use of perquisites as an element of compensation is limited and is largely based on historical practices and policies of our
company. We do not view perquisites as a significant element of our comprehensive compensation structure, and while we believe that
they can be used in conjunction with base salary to attract, motivate and retain individuals in a competitive environment, we are careful to
review them periodically and to keep them at the lowest level possible consistent with industry practice.

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Effect of Stockholder Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation

Of the 7,357,129 shares that voted (this number excludes the 84,434 shares that abstained from voting and 10,445,002 broker
non-votes) on the advisory vote on executive compensation at the 2016 Annual Meeting, approximately 66% of the shares approved of
our executive compensation policies and decisions. We have considered the results of this vote. From 2016 to 2017, the total amount of
compensation  paid  to  our  executive  officers  decreased  by  approximately  71%.  The  committee  and  entire  Board  of  Directors  intend  to
continue  careful  review  of  the  compensation  programs  and  policies  to  assure  that  the  compensation  remains  consistent  with  our
philosophy and objectives as stated above and reflective of our financial performance.

Cash and Other Compensation

Summary Compensation Table

The following table, which should be read in conjunction with the explanations provided below, shows the compensation that we

paid (or accrued) to our named executive officers during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015:

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE

Name and Principal Position
Dean M. Krutty
   President and Chief
   Executive Officer
Thomas J. Paup
   Senior Vice President –
   Finance and Chief Financial Officer

  Year  
  2017   $
  2016   $
  2015   $
  2017   $
  2016   $
  2015   $

Salary

Bonus(1)

Awards (2)    

Compensation    

Total

Stock

All Other

265,000    $
255,000    $
250,000    $
256,000    $
250,000    $
250,000    $

–    $
–    $
–    $
–    $
–    $
–    $

87,500    $
23,100    $
43,984    $
70,000    $
46,200    $
44,600    $

–    $
–    $
–    $
–    $
–    $
–    $

352,500 
278,100 
293,984 
326,000 
296,200 
294,600 

  (1)

  (2)

Bonuses  are  performance-based,  against  criteria  established  by  the  Compensation  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  and
approved  by  the  full  Board  of  Directors  and  represent  cash  awards  for  prior  year  company  performance.  See  “Employment
Contracts,” below.
Reflects the value of awards of restricted stock units granted to our named executive officers based on the compensation cost of
their stock-based awards (the aggregate grant date fair value computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718); see Note
12.b. of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The number of restricted stock units received by our named executive
officers pursuant to such awards in 2017, vesting entirely after one year (dependent 33% on tenure and 67% on performance),
was as follows: Mr. Krutty, 75,000; and Mr. Paup, 60,000. One-third of Mr. Krutty’s and Mr. Paup’s shares vested in 2017. The
number of restricted stock units received by our named executive officers pursuant to such awards in 2016, vesting entirely after
one year (dependent 33% on tenure and 67% on performance), was as follows: Mr. Krutty, 30,000; and Mr. Paup, 60,000. One-
third of Mr. Krutty’s and Mr. Paup’s shares vested in 2016. No restricted stock units were issued in 2015.

Plan-Based Awards

Grants of Restricted Stock Units

During  2017,  the  Compensation  Committee  approved  the  grant  of  a  total  of  135,000  restricted  stock  units  to  our  executive

officers. The table below sets forth each equity award granted to our executive officers during the year ended December 31, 2017.

GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS

Dean M. Krutty(2)
Thomas J. Paup(2)

Name

  Grant Date
 01/03/2017
 01/03/2017

All Other
Stock
Awards:
Number of
Shares of
Stocks

Grant Date
Fair Value of
Stock Awards
(1)

75,000 
60,000 

 $
 $

262,500 
210,000 

  (1)

  (2)

Reflects  the  aggregate  market  value  of  restricted  stock  units  determined  based  on  a  per  share  price  at  vesting  based  on  the
closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.
The restricted stock units vest on December 31, 2017 (dependent 33% on tenure and 67% on performance).

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Vesting of Restricted Stock Awards

The following table presents awards of restricted stock units that vested during the year ended December 31, 2017.

STOCK VESTED

Dean M. Krutty
Thomas J. Paup

Name

Number of
Shares
Acquired on
Vesting
(#)

Value Realized
on Vesting(1)
($)

25,000 
20,000 

 $
 $

88,750 
71,000 

  (1)

Reflects the aggregate market value of the restricted stock units determined based on a per share price at vesting based on the
closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market on December 29, 2017 ($3.55), which was the last trading day
of 2017.

Employment Contracts

Dean M. Krutty

Mr.  Krutty  is  party  to  an  employment  agreement  with  us  executed  in  March  2017,  with  a  term  running,  as  extended,  until
December  31,  2018  (automatically  extending  for  successive  one-year  terms  unless  either  party  gives  45  days’  notice  of  intent  not  to
extend). The employment agreement provides that Mr. Krutty will serve as our Executive Vice President – North American Operations,
and  will  at  the  direction  of  the  Board  of  Directors  serve  from  time  to  time  as  acting  Chief  Executive  Officer.  Mr.  Krutty  is  currently
serving as our President and Chief Executive Officer.

Under  the  terms  of  his  employment  agreement  as  amended,  Mr.  Krutty  is  entitled  to  receive  a  base  salary  of  $265,000,  as

adjusted annually for inflation.

The  employment  agreement  provides  that  if  the  results  we  actually  attain  in  a  given  year  are  at  least  100%  of  the  amount  we
budgeted at the beginning of the year, we will pay a bonus, on a sliding scale, in an amount equal to a minimum of 20% of Mr. Krutty’s
annual base salary then in effect, up to a maximum of 50% of his annual base salary then in effect if the results we actually attain for the
year in question are 110% or more of the amount we budgeted at the beginning of the year. Bonus targets were chosen for 2018 partly
based upon 2018 budgetary forecasts and partly based on the achievement of other qualitative objectives to be established at the discretion
of the Compensation Committee of the Board.

Mr. Krutty’s employment agreement provides that if we fail to renew or we terminate his agreement other than for cause (defined
as conviction of certain crimes, willful failure to carry out directives of our board of directors or gross negligence or willful misconduct)
or  if  Mr.  Krutty  terminates  his  agreement  under  certain  circumstances  (reduction  in  salary  or  responsibilities  (other  than  removing  his
function as acting CEO) or a change in control), we must pay Mr. Krutty severance in an amount of one year’s salary. Restricted shares
that have vested prior to the date of termination are not forfeited under any circumstances, including termination for Cause.

A  table  describing  the  payments  that  would  have  been  due  to  Mr.  Krutty  under  his  employment  agreement  had  Mr.  Krutty’s
employment  with  us  been  terminated  at  the  end  of  2017  under  various  circumstances  appears  under  “Potential  Payments  and  Benefits
upon Termination of Employment – Dean M. Krutty,” below.

Thomas J. Paup

Mr. Paup is party to an amended and restated employment agreement with us executed in May 2013, as subsequently amended
and extended, with a term running until March 31, 2018. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Paup will serve as our Senior Vice
President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer.

Under the terms of his employment agreement as amended, Mr. Paup is entitled to receive a base salary of $250,000, as adjusted

annually for inflation.

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The  employment  agreement  provides  that  if  the  results  we  actually  attain  in  a  given  year  are  at  least  100%  of  the  amount  we
budgeted at the beginning of the year, we will pay a bonus, on a sliding scale, in an amount equal to a minimum of 16.5% of Mr. Paup’s
annual base salary then in effect, up to a maximum of 50% of his annual base salary then in effect if the results we actually attain for the
year in question are 110% or more of the amount we budgeted at the beginning of the year. For 2017, 2016, and 2015, the Compensation
Committee  chose  financial  targets  for  determining  eligibility  for  the  above-referenced  cash  incentive  bonus  that  are  determined  on  the
achievement of set budgetary forecast targets for adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measurement.

Mr. Paup’s employment agreement provides that if we fail to renew or we terminate his agreement other than for cause (defined
as conviction of certain crimes, willful failure to carry out directives of our board of directors or gross negligence or willful misconduct),
we must pay Mr. Paup severance in an amount of twelve times his monthly salary. Restricted shares that have vested prior to the date of
termination are not forfeited under any circumstances, including termination for Cause.

A  table  describing  the  payments  that  would  have  been  due  to  Mr.  Paup  under  his  employment  agreement  had  Mr.  Paup’s
employment  with  us  been  terminated  at  the  end  of  2017  under  various  circumstances  appears  under  “Potential  Payments  and  Benefits
upon Termination of Employment – Thomas J. Paup,” below.

Kelli L. Kellar

Ms. Kellar is party to an employment agreement with us effective in January 2018, with a term running until December 31, 2018.
The  employment  agreement  provides  that  Ms.  Kellar  will  serve  as  our  Vice  President  –  Finance  and,  beginning  in April  2018,  as  our
Chief Financial Officer.

Under  the  terms  of  her  employment  agreement  as  amended,  Ms.  Kellar  is  entitled  to  receive  a  base  salary  of  $225,000,  as

adjusted annually for inflation.

The  employment  agreement  provides  that  if  the  results  we  actually  attain  in  a  given  year  are  at  least  100%  of  the  amount  we
budgeted at the beginning of the year, we will pay a bonus, on a sliding scale, in an amount equal to a minimum of 20% of Ms. Kellar’s
annual base salary then in effect, up to a maximum of 40% of her annual base salary then in effect if the results we actually attain for the
year in question are 110% or more of the amount we budgeted at the beginning of the year. Bonus targets were chosen for 2018 based
upon 2018 budgetary forecasts and partly based on the achievement of other qualitative objectives to be established at the discretion of
the Compensation Committee of the Board.

Ms. Kellar’s employment agreement provides that if we fail to renew or we terminate her agreement other than for cause (defined
as conviction of certain crimes, willful failure to carry out directives of our board of directors or gross negligence or willful misconduct),
we must pay Ms. Kellar severance in an amount of three times her monthly salary.

Others

Other employees have entered into individual employment agreements with us. These agreements govern the basic terms of the
individual’s employment, such as salary, vacation, overtime pay, severance arrangements and pension plans. They also contain provisions
governing the confidentiality of information and ownership of intellectual property learned or created during the course of the employee’s
tenure  with  us.  Under  the  terms  of  these  provisions,  employees  must  keep  confidential  all  information  regarding  our  operations  (other
than  information  which  is  already  publicly  available)  received  or  learned  by  the  employee  during  the  course  of  employment.  This
provision remains in force for five years after the employee has left our service. Further, intellectual property created during the course of
the employment relationship belongs to us.

A  number  of  the  individual  employment  agreements,  but  not  all,  contain  non-competition  provisions  which  restrict  the
employee’s rights to compete against us or work for an enterprise which competes against us. Such provisions generally remain in force
for a period of two years after the employee has left our service.

Under the laws of Israel, an employee of ours who has been dismissed from service, died in service, retired from service upon
attaining  retirement  age,  or  left  due  to  poor  health,  maternity  or  certain  other  reasons,  is  entitled  to  severance  pay  at  the  rate  of  one
month’s  salary  for  each  year  of  service, pro  rata  for  partial  years  of  service.  We  currently  fund  this  obligation  by  making  monthly
payments to approved private provident funds and by its accrual for severance pay in the consolidated financial statements. See Note 2.q.
of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Potential Payments and Benefits upon Termination of Employment

This section sets forth in tabular form quantitative disclosure regarding estimated payments and other benefits that would have
been received by certain of our executive officers if their employment had terminated on December 29, 2017 (the last business day of the
fiscal year), pursuant to the terms of their then-current employment agreements. For a narrative description of the severance and change in
control arrangements in the current employment contracts of Messrs. Krutty and Paup and Ms. Kellar, see “– Employment Contracts,”
above.

Dean M. Krutty

The  following  table  describes  the  potential  payments  and  benefits  upon  employment  termination  for  Dean  M.  Krutty,  our
President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to applicable law and the terms of his then-current employment agreement with us, as if
his employment had terminated on December 29, 2017 (the last business day of the fiscal year) under the various scenarios described in
the column headings as explained in the footnotes below.

DEAN M. KRUTTY

Payments and Benefits

Base salary
Contractual severance

TOTAL:

Death or
Incapacitation(1)   
 $

– 
265,000 
265,000 

 $

Cause(2)

 $

 $

Non-
Renewal(3)

– 
– 
– 

 $

 $

– 
265,000 
265,000 

  (1)

  (2)

  (3)

“Incapacitation” is defined in Mr. Krutty’s employment agreement as an inability to perform his duties under his agreement that
continues for a period of at least 150 consecutive days or more than 200 days in any twelve-month period.
“Cause” is defined in Mr. Krutty’s employment agreement as (i) a breach of trust by Mr. Krutty, including, for example, but
without  limitation,  commission  of  an  act  of  moral  turpitude,  theft,  embezzlement,  self-dealing  or  insider  trading;  (ii)  the
intentional or grossly negligent disclosure by Mr. Krutty of confidential information of or relating to us; (iii) a material breach
by Mr. Krutty of his employment agreement; (iv) failure in any material respect to follow the reasonable directives of our Board
of Directors, or (v) any act of, or omission by, Mr. Krutty which, in our reasonable judgment, amounts to a serious failure by
Mr.  Krutty  to  perform  his  responsibilities  or  functions  or  in  the  exercise  of  his  authority,  which  failure,  in  our  reasonable
judgment, rises to a level of gross nonfeasance, misfeasance or malfeasance.
“Non-Renewal”  is  defined  in  Mr.  Krutty’s  employment  agreement  as  the  agreement  coming  to  the  end  of  the  Term  and  not
being extended or immediately succeeded by a new substantially similar employment agreement.

Thomas J. Paup

The following table describes the potential payments and benefits upon employment termination for Thomas J. Paup, our Senior
Vice President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to applicable law and the terms of his then-current employment agreement
with us, as if his employment had terminated on December 29, 2017 (the last business day of the fiscal year) under the various scenarios
described in the column headings as explained in the footnotes below.

Payments and Benefits

Death or
Incapacitation(1)   

Cause(2)

Non-
Renewal(3)

THOMAS J. PAUP

Accrued but unpaid:
Base salary
Contractual severance

TOTAL:

 $

 $

– 
263,000 
263,000 

 $

 $

– 
– 
– 

 $

 $

– 
263,000 
263,000 

  (1)

  (2)

“Incapacitation” is defined in Mr. Paup’s employment agreement as an inability to perform his duties under his agreement that
continues for a period of at least 150 consecutive days or more than 200 days in any twelve-month period.
“Cause”  is  defined  in  Mr.  Paup’s  employment  agreement  as  (i)  a  breach  of  trust  by  Mr.  Paup,  including,  for  example,  but
without  limitation,  commission  of  an  act  of  moral  turpitude,  theft,  embezzlement,  self-dealing  or  insider  trading;  (ii)  the
unauthorized disclosure by Mr. Paup of confidential information of or relating to us; (iii) a material breach by Mr. Paup of his
employment agreement; or (iv) any act of, or omission by, Mr. Paup which, in our reasonable judgment, amounts to a serious
failure  by  Mr.  Paup  to  perform  his  responsibilities  or  functions  or  in  the  exercise  of  his  authority,  which  failure,  in  our
reasonable judgment, rises to a level of gross nonfeasance, misfeasance or malfeasance.

  (3)

“Non-Renewal” is defined in Mr. Paup’s employment agreement as the agreement coming to the end of the Term and not being
extended or immediately succeeded by a new substantially similar employment agreement.

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ITEM  12.        SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND  RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

The following table sets forth information regarding the security ownership, as of February 28, 2018, of those persons owning of
record  or  known  by  us  to  own  beneficially  more  than  5%  of  our  common  stock  and  of  each  of  our  Named  Executive  Officers  and
directors, and the shares of common stock held by all of our current directors and executive officers as a group.

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1)

Jon B. Kutler (includes 1,565,000 shares owned by Admiralty Partners, Inc.)
Dean M. Krutty
Thomas J. Paup
Michael E. Marrus
Kenneth W. Cappell
Lawrence F. Hagenbuch
James J. Quinn
All of our directors and executive officers as a group (7 persons)

Shares
Beneficially
Owned(2)(3)

Percentage of
Total Shares
Outstanding(3)  

1,761,650  (4)    
118,972  (5)    
343,946  (6)    
120,903  (7)    
73,227  (8)    
40,327  (9)    
18,513  (10)   
2,477,538  (11)   

6.7%
* 
1.3%
* 
* 
* 
* 
9.4%

*
(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)
(7)

(8)

(9)

Less than one percent.
Unless  otherwise  indicated  in  these  footnotes,  the  address  of  each  named  beneficial  owner  is  in  care  of Arotech  Corporation,
1229 Oak Valley Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108.
Unless  otherwise  indicated  in  these  footnotes,  each  of  the  persons  or  entities  named  in  the  table  has  sole  voting  and  sole
investment  power  with  respect  to  all  shares  shown  as  beneficially  owned  by  that  person,  subject  to  applicable  community
property laws.
Based  on  26,452,462  shares  of  common  stock  outstanding  as  of  February  28,  2018.  For  purposes  of  determining  beneficial
ownership of our common stock, owners of options exercisable or restricted stock units that vest within 60 days of February 28,
2018  are  considered  to  be  the  beneficial  owners  of  the  shares  of  common  stock  for  which  such  securities  are  exercisable.  The
percentage  ownership  of  the  outstanding  common  stock  reported  herein  is  based  on  the  assumption  (expressly  required  by  the
applicable  rules  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission)  that  only  the  person  whose  ownership  is  being  reported  has
exercised his options for shares of common stock.
Jon  B.  Kutler  and  his  wife  are  directors  of Admiralty  Partners,  Inc.  (“API”),  which  owns  1,565,000  shares,  or  6.5%,  of  our
common  stock. The  principal  place  of  business  for API  is  68-1052  Honoka’ope  Way,  Kamuela,  Hawaii  96743.  Mr.  and  Mrs.
Kutler are also settlors and trustees of two trusts that between them own an additional 159,879 shares. Accordingly, Mr. and Ms.
Kutler  have  shared  voting  and  dispositive  power  with  respect  to  1,724,879  shares.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kutler  disclaim  beneficial
ownership of these shares except to the extent of their respective voting and/or dispositive power. Mr. Kutler also holds 11,804
shares  directly,  8,756  shares  of  unvested  restricted  stock  that  vest  within  60  days  of  February  28,  2018,  and  16,211  unvested
restricted shares. API and Mr. Robert Ehrlich and the Estate of Steven Esses (as successor to Mr. Esses) are parties to a Voting
Agreement pursuant to which Mr. Ehrlich and the Estate of Steven Esses agrees to vote the shares of our common stock held by
them in favor of the election of a director nominee designated by API. This obligation shall remain in effect for so long as API
and its affiliates continue to beneficially own at least 750,000 shares of our common stock. All information in this footnote and in
the text to which this footnote relates other than information relating directly to Mr. Kutler is based on a Schedule 13D filed by
API  and  certain  of  its  related  entities  and  persons,  including  Mr.  Kutler,  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on
February 3, 2016, as amended on February 26, 2016, and Forms 3, 4, and 5 filed by Mr. Kutler.
Consists of 118,972 shares held directly by Mr. Krutty. Does not include 75,000 restricted stock units, the vesting of 50,000 of
which is subject to performance criteria.
Consists of 343,946 shares held directly by Mr. Paup.
Consists of 95,432 shares owned directly by Mr. Marrus, 12,761 shares of unvested restricted stock that vest within 60 days of
February 28, 2018, and 12,710 unvested restricted shares.
Consists of 48,775 shares owned directly by Mr. Cappell, 8,756 shares of unvested restricted stock that vest within 60 days of
February 28, 2018, and 15,696 unvested restricted shares.
Consists of 12,221 shares owned directly by Mr. Hagenbuch, 12,076 shares of unvested restricted stock that vest within 60 days
of February 28, 2018, and 16,030 unvested restricted shares.

(10) Consists  of  2,217  shares  owned  directly  by Adm.  Quinn,  3,955  shares  of  unvested  restricted  stock  that  vest  within  60  days  of

(11)

February 28, 2018, and 12,341 unvested restricted shares.
Includes 46,304 shares of unvested restricted stock that vest within 60 days of February 28, 2018 and 72,988 shares of unvested
restricted stock. Does not include 75,000 unvested restricted stock units.

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Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The  following  table  sets  forth  certain  information,  as  of  December  31,  2017,  with  respect  to  our  2009  and  2017  equity
compensation  plans,  as  well  as  any  stock  options  previously  issued  by  us  (including  individual  compensation  arrangements)  as
compensation for goods and services:

EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION

Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
war-rants and rights
(a)

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b)

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

– 

– 

Number of
securities
remaining
available for
future issuance
under equity
compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected
in column (a)) (c)  
2,430,895 

ITEM 13.    CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Voting Agreements

Please  see  “Item  10.  Directors,  Executive  Officers  and  Corporate  Governance  –  Executive  Officers,  Directors  and  Significant

Employees – Voting Agreements,” above.

Director Consulting Agreement

In  connection  with  the API Agreement  described  under  “Item  10.  Directors,  Executive  Officers  and  Corporate  Governance  –
Executive Officers, Directors and Significant Employees – Voting Agreements,” above, we and Mr. Jon Kutler, who is now our Chairman
of the Board, entered into a consulting agreement pursuant to which Mr. Kutler agreed to provide consulting services to us for a period of
three years, unless terminated earlier. Under the terms of this agreement, Mr. Kutler will receive an annual fee for the three-year term of
the consulting agreement equal to the difference between $125,000 and the amount of cash and the value of any stock received by Mr.
Kutler for serving on our Board.

Director Independence

For  information  related  to  director  independence,  see  “Item  10.  Directors,  Executive  Officers  and  Corporate  Governance  –  (i)

Executive Officers and Directors, (ii) Board Leadership Structure and (iii) Committees of the Board of Directors.”

ITEM 14.    PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

In accordance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the Audit Committee’s charter, all audit and audit-
related work and all non-audit work performed by our independent accountants, BDO USA, LLP (“BDO”), is approved in advance by the
Audit Committee, including the proposed fees for such work. The Audit Committee is informed of each service actually rendered.

Ø

Ø

Ø

Ø

Audit Fees. Audit fees billed or expected to be billed to us by BDO for the audit of the financial statements included in our Annual
Report  on  Form  10-K,  and  reviews  of  the  financial  statements  included  in  our  Quarterly  Reports  on  Form  10-Q,  for  the  years
ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 totaled approximately $507,000 and $535,000, respectively.

Audit-Related Fees. BDO billed or expected to bill us zero for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively,
for  other  assurance  and  related  services  that  are  not  directly  related  to  the  performance  of  the  annual  audit  or  review  of  our
financial statements.

Tax Fees. BDO billed or expected to bill us $109,000 (including consultation related to mergers and acquisitions) and $90,000 for
the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, for tax services.

All Other Fees. BDO billed or expected to bill us an aggregate of zero for both fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016
for permitted non-audit services.

Applicable law and regulations provide an exemption that permits certain services to be provided by our outside auditors even if

they are not pre-approved. We have not relied on this exemption at any time since the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted.

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PART IV

ITEM 15.    EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)           The following documents are filed as part of this report:

(1)Financial Statements. See Index to Financial Statements on page 50 above and the financial pages following page 52 below.
(2)Financial Statements Schedules. All schedules are omitted because of the absence of conditions under which they are required or

because the required information is presented in the financial statements or related notes thereto.

(3)Exhibits. The following Exhibits are either filed herewith or have previously been filed with the Securities and Exchange

Commission and are referred to and incorporated herein by reference to such filings, along with hyperlinks to the applicable
documents:

  Exhibit

No.
*  3.1
*  3.1.1
(1)  3.1.2
(2)  3.1.3
(3)  3.1.4
(4)  3.1.5
*  3.2
(5)  4.1
†(6)  10.1

†(7)  10.1.1

†(8)  10.1.2

†(9)  10.2
†(10)  10.3
(11)  10.4
(12)  10.4.1

(13)  10.4.2

†(14)  10.5
(14)  10.6

(15)  10.7

(16)  10.8

**  10.8.1

**  10.8.2

**  10.8.3

**  10.8.4

(16)  10.9

(16)  10.10

(17)  10.11
(18)  10.12
†(19)  10.13

†**  10.13.1

††(20)  10.14

Description
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
Amended and Restated By-Laws
Specimen Certificate for shares of common stock, $0.01 par value
Third Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Arotech Corporation and Thomas J. Paup dated May
13, 2013 and effective as of May 1, 2013
Amendment dated January 13, 2015 to Third Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated May 13, 2013
and effective as of May 1, 2013, between Arotech Corporation and Thomas J. Paup
Amendment dated January 26, 2017 to Third Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated May 13, 2013
and effective as of May 1, 2013, between Arotech Corporation and Thomas J. Paup
Arotech Corporation 2007 Non-Employee Director Equity Compensation Plan
Arotech Corporation 2009 Equity Incentive Plan
Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of February 2, 2016 between Arotech Corporation and Admiralty Partners, Inc.
Amendment  dated  February  23,  2016  to  Stock  Purchase Agreement  dated  as  of  February  2,  2016  between Arotech
Corporation and Admiralty Partners, Inc.
Amendment  dated  March  25,  2016  to  Stock  Purchase Agreement  dated  as  of  February  2,  2016  between Arotech
Corporation and Admiralty Partners, Inc.
Consulting Agreement dated February 2, 2016 between Arotech Corporation and Admiralty Partners, Inc.
Registration  Rights Agreement  dated  as  of  February  2,  2016  between Arotech  Corporation  and Admiralty  Partners,
Inc.
Voting Agreement dated as of February 23, 2016 between Robert S. Ehrlich, Steven Esses, and Admiralty Partners,
Inc.
Credit  Agreement  between  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.  and  Arotech  Corporation  and  certain  of  Arotech
Corporation’s subsidiaries dated March 11, 2016
First  amendment  dated  June  3,  2016  to  Credit  Agreement  between  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.  and  Arotech
Corporation and certain of Arotech Corporation’s subsidiaries dated March 11, 2016
Second  amendment  dated  June  25,  2016  to  Credit Agreement  between  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.  and Arotech
Corporation and certain of Arotech Corporation’s subsidiaries dated March 11, 2016
Third  amendment  dated  June  1,  2016  to  Credit  Agreement  between  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.  and  Arotech
Corporation and certain of Arotech Corporation’s subsidiaries dated March 11, 2016
Fourth  amendment  dated  June  20,  2017  to  Credit Agreement  between  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.  and Arotech
Corporation and certain of Arotech Corporation’s subsidiaries dated March 11, 2016
Pledge and Security Agreement between JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Arotech Corporation and certain of Arotech
Corporation’s subsidiaries dated March 11, 2016
Patent and Trademark Security Agreement between JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Arotech Corporation and certain
of Arotech Corporation’s subsidiaries dated March 11, 2016
Settlement Agreement between Arotech Corporation and Ephraim Fields dated March 25, 2016
Lease dated October 31, 2014 between UEC Properties, LLC and UEC Electronics, LLC
Employment Agreement between Arotech Corporation and Dean Krutty dated March 16, 2017 and effective as of
January 1, 2017
Amendment dated August 30, 2017 to Employment Agreement between Arotech Corporation and Dean Krutty dated
March 16, 2017 and effective as of January 1, 2017
Lease dated as of December 31, 2017 between Epsilor-Electric Fuel Ltd. and Industrial Buildings Company, Ltd.

50

 
Table of Contents

  Exhibit

Description

No.

†(21)  10.15
(22)  10.16
**  10.17
**  21.1
**  23.1
**  31.1

**  31.2

**  32.1

**  32.2

Employment Agreement between Arotech Corporation and Kelli L. Kellar effective as of January 8, 2018
Arotech Corporation 2017 Non-Employee Director Equity Compensation Plan
Purchase and Sale Agreement dated May 1, 2017 between FAAC Incorporated, and Oak Valley 1229, LLC
List of Subsidiaries of Arotech Corporation
Consent of BDO USA, LLP
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a -14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a -14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

**  101.INS XBRL Instance Document
**  101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
**  101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
**  101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
**  101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
**  101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

*  Previously-filed paper document being re-filed herewith in order to provide a hyperlink in compliance with amendments to Item
601  of  Regulation  S-K  adopted  by  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  March  1,  2017  and  effective  for  filings  after
November 1, 2017

**  Filed herewith
†  Includes management contracts and compensation plans and arrangements
††  Summary of Hebrew original
(1)  Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000
(2)  Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003
(3)  Incorporated by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006
(4)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 9, 2009
(5)  Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004
(6)  Incorporated by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2013
(7)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 14, 2015
(8)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 30, 2017
(9)  Incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-146752), which became effective on

October 17, 2007

(10)  Incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-160717), which became effective on

July 21, 2009

(11)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 3, 2016
(12)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 25, 2016
(13)  Incorporated by reference to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016
(14)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 3, 2016
(15)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 25, 2016
(16)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 14, 2016
(17)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 28, 2016
(18)  Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014
(19)  Incorporated by reference to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016
(20)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 23, 2018
(21)  Incorporated by reference to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 8, 2018
(22)  Incorporated by reference to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-222465), which became effective on

January 8, 2018

ITEM 16.    FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

51

 
 
 
   
 
Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this

report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

AROTECH CORPORATION

By:

/s/ Dean M. Krutty
Name:        Dean M. Krutty
Title:          President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: March 15, 2018

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons

on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

/s/ Dean M. Krutty
Dean M. Krutty

/s/ Thomas J. Paup
Thomas J. Paup

/s/ Colin Gallagher
Colin Gallagher

/s/ Jon B. Kutler
Jon B. Kutler

/s/ Michael E. Marrus
Michael E. Marrus

/s/ Kenneth W. Cappell
Kenneth W. Cappell

/s/ Lawrence F. Hagenbuch
Lawrence F. Hagenbuch

/s/ James J. Quinn
James J. Quinn

Title
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Senior Vice President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)

Date

March 15, 2018

March 15, 2018

March 15, 2018

Chairman of the Board and Director

March 15, 2018

Director

Director

Director

Director

52

March 15, 2018

March 15, 2018

March 15, 2018

March 15, 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Arotech Corporation:
Ann Arbor, Michigan

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Arotech Corporation (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017 and
2016, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows
for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended  December  31,  2017,  and  the  related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “consolidated
financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position
of the Company at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”),
the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2017,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –
Integrated Framework (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (“COSO”)  and  our
report dated March 15, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion
on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  Public
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and
the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or
fraud.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether
due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,
evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the
accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the
consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ BDO USA, LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2006.
Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 15, 2018

F-1

 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

In U.S. dollars

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted collateral deposits
Trade receivables
Unbilled receivables
Other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses
Inventories
Total current assets
LONG TERM ASSETS:
Contractual and Israeli statutory severance pay fund
Other long term receivables
Property and equipment, net
Other intangible assets, net
Goodwill
Discontinued operations

Total long term assets
Total assets

December 31,

2017

2016

  $

  $

5,205,246    $
283,508     
19,258,960     
16,094,515     
2,342,220     
8,654,878     
51,839,327     

7,130,983 
268,980 
16,821,737 
10,981,577 
2,156,896 
10,318,021 
47,678,194 

3,754,789     
184,331     
9,276,088     
5,205,605     
46,138,036     
–     
64,558,849     
116,398,176    $

3,177,238 
56,662 
5,915,240 
6,823,346 
45,489,517 
270,139 
61,732,142 
109,410,336 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-2

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

In U.S. dollars

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Trade payables
Other accounts payable and accrued expenses
Current portion of long term debt
Short term bank credit
Severance payable
Deferred revenues
Total current liabilities
LONG TERM LIABILITIES:
Contractual and accrued Israeli statutory severance pay
Long term portion of debt
Deferred income tax liability
Other long term liabilities
Total long-term liabilities
Total liabilities
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Share capital –

Common stock – $0.01 par value each;
Authorized: 50,000,000 shares as of December 31, 2017 and 2016;
Issued and outstanding: 26,395,048 and 26,438,234 shares as of
December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively
Preferred shares – $0.01 par value each;
Authorized: 1,000,000 shares as of December 31, 2017 and 2016;
No shares issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and 2016

Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated deficit
Notes receivable from stockholders

Accumulated other comprehensive income
Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $

December 31,

2017

2016

5,560,196    $
6,640,154     
2,248,043     
5,092,088     
–     
6,778,313     
26,318,794     

4,709,807     
8,570,524     
5,600,721     
105,112     
18,986,164     
45,304,958     

4,362,804 
5,597,558 
1,828,840 
2,973,032 
2,577,472 
6,421,271 
23,760,977 

3,891,710 
8,703,736 
7,868,125 
100,742 
20,564,313 
44,325,290 

263,951     

264,382 

–     
250,826,873     
(181,568,757)    

– 
250,405,012 
(185,402,893)

(908,054)    
2,479,205     
71,093,218     
116,398,176    $

(908,054)
726,599 
65,085,046 
109,410,336 

  $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-3

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

In U.S. dollars

Revenues

Cost of revenues
Research and development expenses
Selling and marketing expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Amortization of intangible assets
Total operating costs and expenses

2017
98,722,678    $

December 31,
2016
92,975,752    $

  $

71,082,708     
3,041,130     
7,874,364     
11,623,900     
2,205,755     
95,827,857     

64,825,416     
2,722,965     
7,029,090     
15,308,461     
2,875,543     
92,761,475     

2015
96,573,947 

68,456,322 
3,075,362 
5,373,421 
16,339,027 
3,043,536 
96,287,668 

Operating income

2,894,821     

214,277     

286,279 

Other income (expense), net
Financial expense, net
Total other expense
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense

Income tax (benefit) expense
Income (loss) from continuing operations
Loss from discontinued operations
Net income (loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of $0 income tax
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Comprehensive income (loss)

Income (loss) per share of common stock:
Basic – continuing operations
Basic – discontinued operations
Basic net income (loss) per share

Diluted – continuing operations
Diluted – discontinued operations
Diluted net income (loss) per share

(8,156)    
(1,076,659)    
(1,084,815)    
1,810,006     

(2,024,130)    
3,834,136     
–     
3,834,136     

64,832     
(975,263)    
(910,431)    
(696,154)    

783,420     
(1,479,574)    
(1,368,682)    
(2,848,256)    

(24,181)
(1,152,121)
(1,176,302)
(890,023)

1,160,946 
(2,050,969)
(894,057)
(2,945,026)

1,752,606     
5,586,742    $

54,925     
(2,793,331)   $

14,634 
(2,930,392)

0.15    $
–    $
0.15    $

0.15    $
–    $
0.15    $

(0.06)   $
(0.05)   $
(0.11)   $

(0.06)   $
(0.05)   $
(0.11)   $

(0.08)
(0.04)
(0.12)

(0.08)
(0.04)
(0.12)

  $

  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

Weighted average number of shares used in computing basic net income (loss)
per share

26,380,312     

25,494,097     

23,687,733 

Weighted average number of shares used in computing diluted net income (loss)
per share

26,380,312     

25,494,097     

23,687,733 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-4

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
 
 
Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

In U.S. dollars

Balance as of January
1, 2017

Stock based

compensation
Restricted stock

issued

Restricted stock
units vested
Restricted stock
forfeitures

Foreign currency
translation
adjustment

Net Income
Balance as of
December 31, 2017

Common stock

Shares

    Amount

    Additional      
paid-in
capital

    Accumulated    
deficit

Notes
    receivable    
From
    stockholders    

    Accumulated      
other

Total

    comprehensive    stockholders’ 

income

equity

    26,438,234    $

264,382    $250,405,012    $(185,402,893)   $

(908,054)   $

726,599    $ 65,085,046 

–     

–     

421,430     

109,320     

1,094     

(1,094)    

46,165     

462     

(462)    

(198,671)    

(1,987)    

1,987     

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     

421,430 

–     

–     

–     

– 

– 

– 

–     
–     

–     
–     

–     
–     

–     
3,834,136     

–     
–     

1,752,606     
–     

1,752,606 
3,834,136 

    26,395,048    $

263,951    $250,826,873    $(181,568,757)   $

(908,054)   $

2,479,205    $ 71,093,218 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-5

 
 
   
     
     
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

of offering costs    

1,500,000     

15,000     

2,937,999     

In U.S. dollars

Balance as of January
1, 2016

Stock based

compensation
Restricted stock

issued

Sales of stock, net

Restricted stock
units vested
Restricted stock
forfeitures

Foreign currency
translation
adjustment

Net loss
Balance as of
December 31, 2016

Common stock

Shares

    Amount

    Additional      
paid-in
capital

    Accumulated    
deficit

Notes
    receivable    
From
    stockholders    

    Accumulated      
other

Total

    comprehensive    stockholders’ 

income

equity

    24,697,335    $

246,973    $246,591,415    $(182,554,637)   $

(908,054)   $

671,674    $ 64,047,371 

–     

–     

878,007     

310,735     

3,107     

(3,107)    

56,202     

562     

(562)    

(126,038)    

(1,260)    

1,260     

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     
–     

–     
–     

–     
–     

–     
(2,848,256)    

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     

–     
–     

–     

878,007 

–     

– 

–     

2,952,999 

–     

–     

– 

– 

54,925     
–     

54,925 
(2,848,256)

    26,438,234    $

264,382    $250,405,012    $(185,402,893)   $

(908,054)   $

726,599    $ 65,085,046 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-6

 
 
   
     
     
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

In U.S. dollars

Balance as of January
1, 2015

Stock based

compensation
Restricted stock

issued

Restricted stock
units vested
Foreign currency
translation
adjustment

Net loss
Balance as of
December 31, 2015

Common stock

Shares

    Amount

    Additional      
paid-in
capital

    Accumulated    
deficit

Notes
    receivable    
From
    stockholders    

    Accumulated      
other

Total

    comprehensive    stockholders’ 

income

equity

   24,533,121 

 $

245,331 

 $245,970,742 

 $(179,609,611)  $

(908,054)  $

657,040 

 $ 66,355,448 

– 

– 

622,315 

57,028 

570 

(570)   

107,186 

1,072 

(1,072)   

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

(2,945,026)   

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

622,315 

– 

– 

14,634 
– 

14,634 
(2,945,026)

   24,697,335 

 $

246,973 

 $246,591,415 

 $(182,554,637)  $

(908,054)  $

671,674 

 $ 64,047,371 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-7

 
 
   
     
     
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

In U.S. dollars

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)
Adjustments required to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Depreciation
Amortization of intangible assets
Stock based compensation
Loss (gain) from sale of property and equipment
Deferred tax expense
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade receivables
Unbilled receivables
Other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses
Inventories
Severance pay, net
Trade payables
Other accounts payable and accrued expenses
Deferred revenues
Net cash provided by operating activities

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Changes in restricted collateral deposits
Purchase of property and equipment

Additions to capitalized software development
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
Net cash used in investing activities

F-8

2017

2016

2015

  $

3,834,136    $

(2,848,256)   $

(2,945,026)

1,835,308     
2,205,755     
421,430     
5,651     
(2,267,404)    

(1,857,393)    
(5,085,759)    
(252,560)    
2,067,853     
(1,894,037)    
1,282,162     
1,252,630     
357,041     
1,904,813     

1,789,041     
2,875,543     
878,007     
8,680     
836,561     

659,468     
1,155,454     
(1,176,895)    
(652,391)    
1,210,662     
(1,532,471)    
(103,186)    
(458,544)    
2,641,673     

1,851,982 
3,043,536 
622,315 
(781,023)
914,543 

194,332 
3,804,576 
148,269 
203,947 
43,244 
(858,040)
(944,376)
(946,363)
4,351,916 

14,033     

(176,354)    

146,443 

(4,824,493)    
(588,014)    
33,766     
(5,364,708)   $

(1,555,788)    
(364,159)    
31,343     
(2,064,958)   $

(2,002,104)
(537,901)
953,824 
(1,439,738)

  $

 
 
   
   
 
   
     
     
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (continued)

In U.S. dollars

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repayment of long term debt
Proceeds from long term debt
Change in short term bank credit, net
Payment of acquisition related earnout
Proceeds from sale of common stock, net of offering costs
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
CASH DIFFERENCES DUE TO EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE

YEAR

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF THE YEAR
SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Interest paid during the year
Income tax paid during the year

2017

2016

2015

(1,842,998)   $
2,150,000     
2,119,056     
–     
–     
2,426,058     
(1,033,837)    
(891,900)    

(16,682,823)   $
11,000,000     
(1,086,968)    
–     
2,952,999     
(3,816,792)    
(3,240,077)    
(237,360)    

(5,096,130)
– 
4,026,762 
(2,500,000)
– 
(3,569,368)
(657,190)
(26,174)

7,130,983     
5,205,246    $

10,608,420     
7,130,983    $

11,291,784 
10,608,420 

765,941    $
169,584     

712,558    $
221,654     

1,084,710 
679,055 

  $

  $

  $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

F-9

 
 
   
   
 
   
     
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
  
   
 
   
      
      
  
 
 
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 1:–                        GENERAL

a.           Corporate structure:

Arotech  Corporation  (“Arotech”)  and  its  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  (the  “Company”)  provide  defense  and  security  products  for  the
military, law enforcement, emergency services and homeland security markets, including zinc-air and lithium batteries and chargers, and
multimedia interactive simulators/trainers. The Company operates primarily through its wholly-owned subsidiaries FAAC Incorporated, a
Michigan corporation located in Ann Arbor, Michigan (Training and Simulation Division) with a location in Orlando, Florida; Epsilor-
Electric  Fuel  Ltd.  (“Epsilor-EFL”),  an  Israeli  corporation  located  in  Beit  Shemesh,  Israel  (between  Jerusalem  and  Tel-Aviv),  Dimona,
Israel (in Israel’s Negev desert area) and Sderot, Israel (near the Gaza Strip) (Power Systems Division); UEC Electronics, LLC (“UEC”),
a South Carolina limited liability company located in Hanahan, South Carolina (Power Systems Division).

b.           Discontinued operations

Asset Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations

In August 2016, the Board approved a strategic shift to discontinue the Flow Battery segment (“the segment”) with an effective date of
August  31,  2016.  The  principal  activities  of  the  Flow  Battery  segment  were  research  and  development  related  and  were  focused  on
developing a commercial application based upon the Iron Flow Storage concept.  The assets of the Flow Battery segment of $270,139
were classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2016.  During the fourth quarter of 2017, it was determined that the Company was not
able to execute its plan to sell the assets associated with the Flow Battery segment.  As a result, assets in the amount of $270,000 have
been  reclassified  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  into  property  and  equipment,  which  are  being  used  in  operations  and  therefore  not
considered to be impaired as of December 31, 2017.

The  amounts  presented  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  income  as  discontinued  operations  represented  research  and
development and general and administrative expenses. As the Flow Battery segment was reported within the Epsilor-EFL legal entity and
the legal entity has net operating loss carryforwards for which the Company has recorded a valuation allowance, there was no tax impact.
Included  in  the  Flow  Battery  segment’s  general  and  administrative  expenses  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016,  was  a  contractual
buyout associated with the termination of the former Chairman of the Flow Battery segment of $524,052.

The impact of the discontinued operations on operating and investing activities within the consolidated statements of cash flows for the
year ended December 31, 2016, and 2015 was ($1,337,751) and ($879,428); and ($252,064) and ($22,075), respectively.

Unless  otherwise  indicated,  discontinued  operations  are  not  included  in  the  reported  results.  The  Notes  to  the  Consolidated  Financial
Statements relate to the Company’s continuing operations. 

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 1:–                        GENERAL (Cont.)

c.           Related parties

Note Receivable 

Two  former  executives  entered  into  non-recourse  promissory  notes  whereby  the  Company  provided  the  note  to  the  executives  and  the
executives in turn exercised stock options. The promissory notes originally accrued interest at an annual rate of 1% over the then federal
funds rate. In 2008, the Company stopped accruing interest on the promissory notes. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the aggregate
amount outstanding pursuant to this promissory note was $908,054.

UEC Facility Headquarters

On  October  31,  2014,  the  Company  entered  into  a  lease  agreement  with  UEC  Properties,  LLC,  a  company  controlled  by  the  former
owners of UEC, and now consultants and shareholders of the Company, for land and buildings that represent the headquarters of UEC
Electronics.  The lease term with UEC Properties commenced on January 1, 2015 and it extends for ten years, expiring on December 31,
2024. The 2017 monthly lease payment is $30,325 and increases at a rate of 2.5% per year through the term of the lease. Lease expense
recognized in 2017 and 2016 was $364,000 and $355,000, respectively. Upon written notice, the Company and UEC Properties, LLC,
may elect to terminate the lease after five years.

Admiralty Partners

On February 2, 2016, the Company and Admiralty Partners (the “Investor”) entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Investment
Agreement”) providing for the sale to the Investor of a total of 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a price valued at
$1.99 per share. As the Investor was also given the right to nominate a member of the Board of Directors pursuant to the terms of the
Investment Agreement, and the shares were issued as a discount to the then market price, this resulted in additional stock compensation
expense of $375,000.

Subsequently,  on  February  3,  2016,  the  Company  entered  into  a  consulting  agreement  with  the  Investor  for  a  period  of  three  years.  In
exchange,  the  Company  pays  an  annual  fee  equal  to  the  difference  between  total  accrued  compensation  of  the  Board  member  and
$125,000.  The  agreement  can  be  terminated  by  either  party  upon  sufficient  written  notice.  Total  compensation  expense  recognized  in
2017 and 2016 was $49,000 and $27,000, respectively.

NOTE 2:–                        SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  in  the  United
States (“U.S. GAAP”).

a.           Principles of consolidation:

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of Arotech  and  its  wholly  owned  subsidiaries.  Intercompany  balances  and
transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities
and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

b.           Financial Statements in U.S. Dollars:

A majority of the revenues of the Company are generated in U.S. dollars (“dollars”). In addition, a substantial portion of the Company’s
costs  are  incurred  in  dollars.  Management  believes  that  the  dollar  is  the  primary  currency  of  the  economic  environment  in  which  the
Company  operates.  Thus,  the  functional  and  reporting  currency  of  the  Company  including  most  of  its  subsidiaries  is  the  dollar.
Accordingly, monetary accounts maintained in currencies other than dollars are re-measured into dollars, with resulting gains and losses
reflected in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income as financial income or expenses, as appropriate.

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 2:–                        SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

The majority of transactions of Epsilor-EFL are in New Israel Shekels (“NIS”) and a substantial portion of Epsilor-EFL’s costs is incurred
in NIS. Management believes that the NIS is the functional currency of Epsilor-EFL. Accordingly, the financial statements of Epsilor-
EFL have been translated into dollars. All balance sheet accounts have been translated using the exchange rates in effect at the balance
sheet  date.  Statement  of  operations,  cash  flows,  and  comprehensive  income  amounts  have  been  translated  using  the  weighted  average
exchange  rate  for  the  period.  The  resulting  translation  adjustments  are  reported  as  a  component  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive
income (loss) in stockholders’ equity.

c.          Cash equivalents:

Cash equivalents are short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash with original maturities of three months or
less when acquired.

d.           Restricted collateral deposits:

Restricted collateral deposits are primarily invested in highly liquid deposits which are used as security for the Company’s performance
guarantees at FAAC and Epsilor-EFL.

e.           Inventories:

Inventory  costs  include  material,  labor,  and  manufacturing  overhead  costs,  including  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  associated
with  the  manufacture  and  distribution  of  the  Company’s  products.    Inventories  are  stated  at  lower  of  cost  or  net  realizable  value  and
expense estimates are made for excess and obsolete inventories.  Based on this evaluation, provisions are made to write inventory down to
its  market  value.  In  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  the  Company  wrote  off  approximately  $407,000,  $359,000,  and  $321,000,  respectively,  of
obsolete inventory, which has been included in the cost of revenues.  Cost is determined by first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method.

f.           Property and equipment:

Depreciation is calculated by the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives of the assets:

Computers and related equipment
Motor vehicles
Office furniture and equipment
Machinery, equipment and installations
Buildings
Land

Leasehold improvements
Demo inventory

Depreciable life (in years)

3 to 5
5 to 7
3 to 5
5 to 10
30
Not depreciated
Shorter of the term of the lease or the life
of the asset
3 to 5

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 2:–                        SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

The  Company  tests  long-lived  asset  groups  for  recoverability  when  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  the  carrying  value  may  not  be
recoverable,  for  example,  when  there  are  material  adverse  changes  in  projected  revenues  or  expenses,  significant  underperformance
relative to historical or projected operating results, or significant negative industry or economic trends. The Company also performs a test
for  recoverability  when  management  has  committed  to  a  plan  to  sell  or  otherwise  dispose  of  an  asset  group.  The  Company  evaluates
recoverability of an asset group by comparing its carrying value to the future net undiscounted cash flows that the Company expects will
be generated by the asset group. If the comparison indicates that the carrying value of an asset group is not recoverable, the Company
recognizes  an  impairment  loss  for  the  excess  of  carrying  value  over  the  estimated  fair  value.  When  the  Company  recognizes  an
impairment loss for assets to be held and used, the Company depreciates the adjusted carrying amount of those assets over their remaining
useful life.  No impairment losses were recognized for the year ended December 31, 2017.

g.           Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets:

Certain business acquisitions have resulted in the recording of goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets, primarily trademark assets,
which are not amortized.

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is the operating segment or one level below the operating segment,
also  known  as  a  component.    Two  or  more  components  of  an  operating  segment  shall  be  aggregated  into  a  single  reporting  unit  if  the
components  have  similar  economic  characteristics,  based  on  an  assessment  of  various  factors.    The  Company  has  determined  that  the
Training and Simulation Division and the Power System Division segments are separate reporting units.

The Company performs its annual impairment assessment for goodwill and other indefinite-life intangible assets as of December 31 or
more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.

When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company may conduct a qualitative assessment by analyzing a variety of factors that could
influence  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit  or  indefinite-life  intangible,  including,  but  not  limited  to:  the  results  of  prior  quantitative
assessments performed; changes in the carrying amount of the reporting unit or indefinite-life intangible; actual and projected revenue and
operating  margin;  relevant  market  data  for  both  the  Company  and  its  peer  companies;  industry  outlooks;  macroeconomic  conditions;
liquidity;  changes  in  key  personnel;  and  the  Company’s  competitive  position.  The  Company  uses  significant  judgment  to  evaluate  the
totality of these events and factors to make the determination of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit
or indefinite-life intangible is less than its carrying value.

If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, it then
performs the impairment evaluation using a quantitative assessment. Under the quantitative assessment, the first step identifies whether
there is a potential impairment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to the carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying
amount of a reporting unit exceeds the fair value, then a test is performed to determine the implied fair value of goodwill. An impairment
loss  is  recognized  based  on  the  amount  that  the  carrying  amount  of  goodwill  exceeds  the  implied  fair  value.  When  measuring  the  fair
value  of  its  reporting  units  in  the  quantitative  assessment,  the  Company  uses  widely  accepted  valuation  techniques,  applying  a
combination of the income approach (discounted cash flows) and market approach (market multiples). When preparing discounted cash
flow models under the income approach, the Company uses internal forecasts to estimate future cash flows expected to be generated by
the  reporting  units.  To  discount  these  cash  flows,  the  Company  uses  the  expected  cost  of  equity,  determined  by  using  a  capital  asset
pricing  model.  The  Company  believes  the  discount  rates  used  appropriately  reflect  the  risks  and  uncertainties  in  the  financial  markets
generally and specifically in the Company’s internally-developed forecasts. When using market multiples under the market approach, the
Company applies comparable publicly traded companies’ multiples (e.g., earnings or revenues) to its reporting units’ actual results.

h.           Revenue recognition:

The Company is a defense and security products and services company, engaged in two business areas: interactive simulation for military,
law  enforcement  and  commercial  markets;  and  power  systems  and  batteries  for  the  military,  commercial  and  medical  markets.  During
2017, 2016, and 2015, the Company recognized revenues (i) from the sale and customization of interactive training systems and from the
maintenance  services  in  connection  with  such  systems  (Training  and  Simulation  Division);  (ii)  from  the  sale  of  batteries,  chargers  and
adapters, and under certain development contracts; and (iii) from the sale of lifejacket lights (Power Systems Division).

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Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 2:–                        SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

Revenues from certain products sold by the Power Systems Division are recognized when persuasive evidence of an agreement exists,
delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, collectability is probable, and no further obligation remains. Typically revenue is
recognized, per the contract, when the transaction is entered into the U.S. Government’s Wide Area Workflow system, which occurs after
the products have been accepted at the plant or when shipped. Sales to other entities are recorded in accordance with the contract, either
when shipped or delivered. Normally there are no further obligations that would preclude the recognition of revenue. Additionally, certain
contracts are recognized using contract accounting on a percentage of completion method.

Revenues from contracts in the Training and Simulation Division and Power Systems Division that involve customization of the system to
customer specifications are recognized using contract accounting on a percentage of completion method, in accordance with the “Input
Method.”  The  amount  of  revenue  recognized  is  based  on  the  percentage  to  completion  achieved.  The  percentage  to  completion  is
measured by monitoring progress using records of actual time, materials and other costs incurred to date in the project compared to the
total estimated project requirement. Estimates of total project requirements are based on prior experience of customization, delivery and
acceptance of the same or similar technology and are reviewed and updated regularly by management. Provisions for estimated losses on
uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are first determined, in the amount of the estimated loss on the entire
contract. Normally there are no further obligations that would preclude the recognition of revenue.

The Company believes that the use of the percentage of completion method is appropriate for certain contracts as the Company has the
ability to make reasonably dependable estimates of the extent of progress towards completion, contract revenues and contract costs. In
addition, contracts executed include provisions that clearly specify the enforceable rights regarding services to be provided and received
by  the  parties  to  the  contracts,  the  consideration  to  be  exchanged  and  the  manner  and  the  terms  of  settlement,  including  in  cases  of
terminations for convenience. In all cases, the Company expects to perform its contractual obligations and its customers are expected to
satisfy their obligations under the contract.

Revenues from products that do not require significant customization are recognized when persuasive evidence of an agreement exists,
delivery has occurred, no significant obligations with regard to implementation remain, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectability
is probable.

Maintenance and support revenue included in multiple element arrangements is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the
term  of  the  maintenance  and  support  services.  Revenues  from  training  are  recognized  when  it  is  performed.  The  Vendor  Specific
Objective Evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value of the maintenance, training and support services is determined based on the price charged
when sold separately or when renewed.

i.           Trade receivables

The  Company  records  trade  accounts  receivable  at  net  realizable  value.  This  value  includes  an  appropriate  allowance  for  estimated
uncollectible accounts to reflect any loss anticipated on the trade accounts receivable balances and charged to the provision for doubtful
accounts. The Company calculates this allowance based on its history of write-offs, the level of past-due accounts based on the contractual
terms of the receivables, and its relationships with, and the economic status of, its customers. During the years ended December 31, 2017
and  2016,  the  Company  made  no  provisions  or  had  any  recoveries  of  doubtful  accounts  and  had  no  reserves  at  either  year  end.  The
Company believes its exposure to concentrations of credit risk is limited due to the nature of its operations.

Unbilled receivables include cost and gross profit earned in excess of billing.

Deferred  revenues  include  unearned  amounts  received  under  maintenance  and  support  services,  customer  prepayments  and  billing  in
excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts.

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 2:–                        SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

j.           Warranty:

The Company typically offers a one to two year warranty for many of its products. The specific terms and conditions of those warranties
vary depending upon the product sold and country in which the Company does business. The Company estimates the costs that may be
incurred under its basic limited warranty, including parts and labor, and records deferred revenue in the amount of such costs at the time
product  revenue  is  recognized  in  the  Training  and  Simulation  Division.  In  the  Power  Systems  Division,  warranty  costs  are  estimated,
accrued and recorded on the balance sheet in deferred revenues. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number
of installed units, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims, and cost per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy
of its reserves and adjusts the amounts as necessary. (See Note 16.)

k.           Research and development cost:

The Company capitalizes certain software development costs, subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility. Based on the
Company’s product development process, technological feasibility is established upon the completion of a working model or a detailed
program  design.  Research  and  development  costs  incurred  in  the  process  of  developing  product  improvements  or  new  products  are
generally  charged  to  expenses  as  incurred.  Significant  costs  incurred  by  the  Company  between  completion  of  the  working  model  or  a
detailed program design and the point at which the product is ready for general release have been capitalized. Capitalized software costs
will be amortized by the greater of the amount computed using: (i) the ratio that current gross revenues from sales of the software bears to
the total of current and anticipated future gross revenues from sales of that software, or (ii) the straight-line method over the estimated
useful life of the product (one to three years). The Company assesses the net realizable value of this intangible asset on a regular basis by
determining  whether  the  amortization  of  the  asset  over  its  remaining  life  can  be  recovered  through  undiscounted  future  operating  cash
flows from the specific software product sold. Based on its most recent analyses, management believes that no impairment of capitalized
software development costs exists as of December 31, 2017.

In  2017  and  2016,  the  Training  and  Simulation  Division  capitalized  approximately  $588,000  and  $364,000,  respectively,  in  software
development costs that will be amortized on a straight-line method over 2 years, the useful life of the software.

l.           Income taxes:

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, whereby deferred tax assets and liability account balances
are determined based on tax credit carryforwards and differences between the financial reporting and the tax basis of assets and liabilities
and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company
provides a valuation allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value.

Accounting  standards  prescribe  a  recognition  threshold  and  measurement  attribute  for  the  financial  statement  recognition  and
measurement of a tax position taken in a tax return. The Company must determine whether it is “more-likely-than-not” that a tax position
will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the
position. Once it is determined that a position meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the position is measured to determine
the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. Uncertain tax positions require determinations and estimated liabilities to be
made based on provisions of the tax law which may be subject to change or varying interpretation. If the Company’s determinations and
estimates prove to be inaccurate, the resulting adjustments could be material to the Company’s future financial statements. See Income
Tax Footnote to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding income taxes (Note 13).

m.           Concentrations of credit risk:

Financial  instruments  that  potentially  subject  the  Company  to  concentrations  of  credit  risk  consist  principally  of  cash  and  cash
equivalents, restricted collateral deposits and trade receivables. Cash and cash equivalents are invested mainly in U.S. dollar deposits with
major  Israeli  and  U.S.  banks.  Such  deposits  in  the  U.S.  may  be  in  excess  of  insured  limits  and  are  not  insured  in  other  jurisdictions.
Management believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s investments are financially sound and, accordingly, minimal
credit risk exists with respect to these investments.

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 2:–                        SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

The trade receivables of the Company are mainly derived from sales to customers located primarily in the United States and Israel along
with the countries listed in footnote 15.c. Management believes that credit risks are moderated by the diversity of its end customers and
geographical sales areas. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition.

The Company had no off-balance-sheet concentration of credit risk such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign
currency hedging arrangements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

n.           Basic and diluted net income per share:

Basic net income per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock and participating securities
outstanding  during  each  year.    Diluted  net  income  per  share  includes  the  dilutive  effect  of  additional  potential  common  stock  issuable
under  its  share-based  compensation  plans,  using  the  “treasury  stock”  method.  Unvested  restricted  stock  issued  to  its  employees  and
directors  are  “participating  securities”  and  as  such,  are  included,  net  of  estimated  forfeitures,  in  the  total  shares  used  to  calculate  the
Company’s  basic  and  diluted  net  income  per  share.  In  the  event  of  a  net  loss,  unvested  restricted  stock  awards  are  excluded  from  the
calculation of both basic and diluted net loss per share. The total weighted average number of shares related to the outstanding common
stock  equivalents  excluded  from  the  calculations  of  diluted  net  income  per  share  were  none,  none,  and  602,740  for  the  years  ended
December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively.

o.           Accounting for stock-based compensation:

Stock-based awards to employees are recognized as compensation expense based on the calculated fair value on the date of grant. The
costs are amortized over the straight line vesting period. The Company granted restricted stock and restricted stock units in 2017, 2016,
and 2015. The Company typically uses a 5-10% forfeiture rate for restricted stock and restricted stock units and adjusts both forfeiture
rates based on historical forfeitures. Each restricted stock unit is equal to one share of Company stock and is redeemable only for stock.

p.           Fair value of financial instruments:

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating their fair value disclosures for financial instruments
using the required three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: (Level 1) observable
inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; (Level 2) inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are observable either
directly or indirectly; and (Level 3) unobservable inputs in  which  there  is  little  or  no  market  data,  which  may  require  the  Company  to
develop its own assumptions.

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted collateral deposits, trade and other receivables, short-term bank credit, and
trade payables approximate their fair value due to the short-term maturity of such instruments (Level 1).

The fair values of long-term promissory notes are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using current interest rates for loans of
similar terms and maturities. The carrying amount of the long-term debt and contractual severance approximates the estimated fair values
at December 31, 2017, based upon the Company’s ability to acquire similar debt or fulfill similar obligations at similar maturities (Level
3).

q.           Severance pay:

The Company’s liability for severance pay for its Israeli employees is calculated pursuant to Israeli severance pay law based on the most
recent  salary  of  the  employees  multiplied  by  the  number  of  years  of  employment  as  of  the  balance  sheet  date.  Israeli  employees  are
entitled to one month’s salary for each year of employment, or a portion thereof. The Company’s liability for all of its Israeli employees is
fully  provided  for  by  monthly  deposits  into  severance  pay  funds  held  by  insurance  companies  on  behalf  of  the  employees,  insurance
policies and by accrual. The fair value of these funds, which are considered Level 2 fair value measurements, is recorded as an asset in the
Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

In addition, according to certain employment agreements, the Company is obligated to provide for a special severance pay in addition to
amounts due to certain employees pursuant to Israeli severance pay law. During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, the
Company had made provisions of $106,000, $1,022,000, and $143,000, respectively, for this special severance pay.

F-16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 2:–                        SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

As of December 31, 2017 and 2016 the unfunded severance pay amounted to $142,000 and $2,130,000, respectively. Severance expenses
from continuing operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, amounted to $728,000, $1,389,000, and $625,000,
respectively.

In  December  2016,  the  Company  and  its  former  Chief  Executive  Officer  (“former  Executive”)  signed  an  agreement  whereby  the
Company and the former Executive agreed to early termination of the former Executive’s employment agreement. The additional expense
and accrual, included above, related to this termination, were approximately $925,000 and $2,050,000, respectively.

r.           Advertising costs:

The Company records advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was
approximately $94,000, $72,000, and $159,000, respectively.

s.           New accounting pronouncements:

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue
from Contracts with Customers, as a new Topic, Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606. The new revenue recognition standard
relates  to  revenue  from  contracts  with  customers,  which,  along  with  amendments  issued  in  2015  and  2016,  will  supersede  nearly  all
current U.S. GAAP guidance on this topic and eliminate industry-specific guidance. The underlying principle is to use a five-step analysis
of  transactions  to  recognize  revenue  when  promised  goods  or  services  are  transferred  to  customers  in  an  amount  that  reflects  the
consideration that is expected to be received for those goods or services. Additionally, the new standard requires enhanced disclosures
about  the  nature,  amount,  timing,  and  uncertainty  of  revenue  and  cash  flows  arising  from  customer  contracts,  including  revenue
recognition  policies  to  identify  performance  obligations,  assets  recognized  from  costs  incurred  to  obtain  and  fulfill  a  contract,  and
significant judgments in measurement and recognition.  The Company’s task force has reviewed significant contracts with customers and
the  promised  goods  and/or  services  associated  with  the  revenue  streams  for  each  segment.    The  Company  has  evaluated  the  distinct
performance  obligations  and  the  pattern  of  revenue  recognition  of  these  significant  contracts  in  advance  of  the  implementation  of  the
standard. In our review of contracts in each revenue stream, the Company noted no material impact in the implementation of the standard.
 The Company has determined the impact of adopting the standard on its control framework and notes minimal, insignificant changes to
its system and other controls process. The standard, as amended, will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017,
including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company adopted the standard on a modified retrospective basis on January 1,
2018.   The  Company  is  finalizing  the  impact  of  topic  606  on  the  disclosures  for  its  financial  statement  footnotes  and  expects  the
disclosures to be enhanced in the first quarter of 2018.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. The new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a
lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be
classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new
standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified
retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of
the  earliest  comparative  period  presented  in  the  financial  statements,  with  certain  practical  expedients  available.  Upon  adoption,  the
Company expects that the ROU asset and lease liability will be recognized in the balance sheets in amounts that will be material.

In  March  2016,  the  FASB  issued ASU  No.  2016-09,  Compensation  –  Stock  Compensation  (Topic  718):  Improvements  to  Employee
Share-Based  Payment  Accounting.  The  new  standard  introduces  targeted  amendments  intended  to  simplify  the  accounting  for  stock
compensation. Among other things, the ASU requires all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recognized as income tax expense
or  benefit  in  the  income  statement.  The  amendments  are  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  after  December  15,  2016,  and  interim
periods within those annual periods. The adoption of this new standard was not material to the consolidated financial statements.

In August  2016,  the  FASB  issued ASU  No.  2016-15  (Topic  230):  Classification  of  Certain  Cash  Receipts  and  Cash  Payments.  The
amendments provide guidance on eight specific cash flow issues for which the current accounting framework does not provide specific
guidance. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  Early  adoption  is  permitted,  including
adoption in an interim period.   The Company finalized its analysis and the adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on its
consolidated financial statements and its internal controls over financial reporting.

F-17

 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 2:–                        SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.)

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill
Impairment. The new standard simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill and eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment
test  and  requires  businesses  to  perform  its  annual  goodwill  impairment  test  by  comparing  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  with  its
carrying  amount  and  recognizing  an  impairment  charge  for  the  amount  by  which  the  carrying  amount  exceeds  the  reporting  unit’s  fair
value. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 with early adoption permitted for goodwill
impairment  tests  performed  on  testing  dates  after  January  1,  2017.  The  Company  is  currently  evaluating  the  impact  of  its  pending
adoption of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business. The
amendments provide a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities is a business. The amendments are
effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 with a limited scope of early adoption.  The adoption of this new standard
did not impact the Company and will apply for any future acquisitions.

In  February  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2018-02,  Income  Statement-Reporting  Comprehensive  Income  (Topic  220): 
Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”).  The accounting standard allows for
the optional reclassification of stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings that arise due to
the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”). The amount of the reclassification would reflect the effect of the
change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate on the gross deferred tax amounts and related valuation allowances, if any, at the date
of  enactment  of  the  Tax Act  and  other  income  tax  effects  of  the  Tax Act  on  items  remaining  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive
income.    The  standard,  will  be  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  after  December  15,  2018,  including  interim  periods  within  that
reporting  period  with  early  adoption  permitted.    The  Company  is  currently  evaluating  the  impact  of  its  pending  adoption  of  the  new
standard on its consolidated financial statements.

u.           Use of estimates:

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  U.S.  GAAP  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that
affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

v.           Reclassification:

Prior period amounts are reclassified, when necessary, to conform to the current period presentation.

w.          Business Combinations:

The Company recognizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations on the basis of their fair values at the date
of acquisition. The Company assesses the fair value of assets, including intangible assets, using a variety of methods and each asset is
measured  at  fair  value  from  the  perspective  of  a  market  participant.  The  method  used  to  estimate  the  fair  values  of  intangible  assets
incorporates significant assumptions regarding the estimates a market participant would make in order to evaluate an asset, including a
market participant’s use of the asset and the appropriate discount rates for a market participant. Assets recorded from the perspective of a
market participant that are determined to not have economic use for us are expensed immediately. Any excess purchase price over the fair
value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired is allocated to goodwill. Transaction costs and restructuring costs associated with a
business combination are expensed as incurred.

NOTE 3:–                        RESTRICTED COLLATERAL DEPOSITS

The following is a summary of restricted collateral deposits as of December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Deposits in connection with Epsilor/EFL projects
Total restricted collateral deposits

 $
 $

283,508 
283,508 

 $
 $

268,980 
268,980 

December 31,

2017

2016

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 4:–                        OTHER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND PREPAID EXPENSES

The following is a summary of other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses as of December 31, 2017 and 2016:

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

Government authorities
Israeli statutory severance pay fund
Employees
Prepaid expenses
Other
Total

NOTE 5:–                        INVENTORIES

The following is a summary of inventories as of December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Raw and packaging materials
Work in progress
Finished products
Total

NOTE 6:–                        PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

a.           Composition of property and equipment is as follows:

Cost:

Computers and related equipment
Motor vehicles
Office furniture and equipment
Machinery, equipment and installations
Buildings
Land
Leasehold improvements
Demo inventory

Accumulated depreciation:

Computers and related equipment
Motor vehicles
Office furniture and equipment
Machinery, equipment and installations
Buildings
Leasehold improvements
Demo inventory

Property and equipment, net

  $

December 31,

2017

2016

733,360    $
–     
67,504     
1,359,055     
182,301     
2,342,220    $

877,670 
455,172 
60,296 
761,257 
2,501 
2,156,896 

December 31,

2017
6,843,479    $
718,085     
1,093,314     
8,654,878    $

2016
8,512,006 
917,582 
888,433 
10,318,021 

December 31,

2017

2016

3,500,548    $
962,095     
1,664,035     
9,522,420     
4,344,803     
300,000     
1,959,587     
1,683,484     
23,936,972     

2,590,718     
324,433     
1,479,613     
6,928,337     
729,051     
1,284,742     
1,323,990     
14,660,884     
9,276,088    $

2,733,722 
717,543 
1,571,364 
7,760,341 
1,716,924 
300,000 
2,172,253 
1,791,751 
18,763,898 

2,415,842 
248,248 
1,356,671 
5,805,540 
408,194 
1,219,113 
1,395,050 
12,848,658 
5,915,240 

b.           Depreciation expense amounted to $1,835,308, $1,752,084, and $1,851,982 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and
2015, respectively.  In 2016, the Company had additional depreciation expense of $36,957 in its discontinued operations.

F-19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
 
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 7:–                        GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

a.           Goodwill

Goodwill and indefinite lived assets are assessed annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset
might be impaired.  For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively,  the Company performed a qualitative assessment for
its Training and Simulation reporting unit and the Company determined that it was more likely than not that the fair values of its reporting
unit exceeded its carrying value.

For its Power Systems reporting unit, the Company determined that it was necessary to perform a quantitative assessment of goodwill for
the purpose of determining whether an impairment existed at December 31, 2017. When conducting this analysis, the Company engaged
third  party  valuation  experts  with  a  detailed  understanding  of  its  Power  Systems  reporting  unit  to  perform  a  valuation  of  the  Power
Systems reporting unit on a going concern basis. The Company prepared a discounted cash flow analysis over a five year period so as to
derive a reasonable view of the cash flows that the Power Systems reporting unit are projected to generate from 2018-2022.  As a result of
its  quantitative  analysis,  in  which  the  Company  computed  the  fair  value  of  the  Power  Systems  reporting  unit,  the  Company  concluded
that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded the reporting unit’s carrying value by approximately 22%.

The Company also considered its current market capitalization compared to the sum of the estimated fair values of its reporting units in
conjunction with each impairment assessment. As of the December 31, 2017 valuation date, its market capitalization was approximately
$92.1 million, which did not, in management’s view, suggest that the fair value estimates used in its impairment assessment required any
adjustment.

As a result of these analyses, the Company concluded that the goodwill recorded in relation to the Power Systems reporting unit was not
impaired at December 31, 2017.

A summary of the goodwill by business segment is as follows:

Training and Simulation Division
Power Systems Division
Total

December 31,
2016
24,435,641    $
21,053,876     
45,489,517    $

  $

  $

F-20

Additions

Adjustments
(currency)

–    $
–     
–    $

–    $
648,519     
648,519    $

December 31,
2017
24,435,641 
21,702,395 
46,138,036 

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 7:–                        GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET (Cont.)

b.           Other intangible assets:

December 31,

2017

2016

    Net book value    

Technology
Capitalized software costs
Trademarks
Backlog/customer relationship
Covenant not to compete
Customer list

Less - accumulated amortization
Amortized cost
Trademarks (indefinite lives)
Net book value

 $

  Original Useful life  
4 - 8 years
1 - 3 years
  10 years
1 - 10 years
  6 years
2 - 10 years

 $

 $

Cost
9,988,000 
5,562,119 
28,000 
2,844,000 
400,000 
14,173,645 
32,995,764 
 $
(28,589,159)   
4,406,605 
799,000 
5,205,605 

980,750 
741,355 
– 
– 
76,000 
2,608,500 
4,406,605 

 $

 $

 $

    Net book value  
1,617,000 
542,220 
2,800 
8,826 
172,000 
3,681,500 
6,024,346 

Cost
9,988,000 
4,974,105 
28,000 
2,844,000 
400,000 
14,173,645 
32,407,750 
 $
(26,383,404)   
6,024,346 
799,000 
6,823,346 

Amortization  expense  amounted  to  $2,205,755,  $2,875,543,  and  $3,043,536  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2017,  2016  and  2015,
respectively, including amortization of capitalized software costs of $397,000, $88,010, and $255,000, respectively.

c.                      Estimated  amortization  expenses,  using  both  straight  line  and  accelerated  amortization  methods,  for  the  years  shown  is  as
follows:

Year ending December 31,

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total

  $

  $

1,779,682 
1,113,422 
574,500 
291,500 
222,000 
425,501 
4,406,605 

Goodwill and other intangible assets are adjusted on a quarterly basis for any change due to currency fluctuations and any variation is
included in the accumulated other comprehensive income on the consolidated balance sheets.

NOTE 8:–                        LOANS

The  Company  maintains  credit  facilities  with  JPMorgan  Chase  Bank,  N.A.  (“Chase”),  whereby  Chase  provides  (i)  a  $15,000,000
revolving credit facility (“Revolver”), (ii) a $10,000,000 Term Loan (“Term Loan A”), (iii) a $1,730,895 Mortgage Loan (“Term Loan
B”) and (iv) a $1,358,000 Mortgage Loan (“Term Loan C”); collectively referred to as the “Credit Facilities.”

The maturity of the Revolver is March 11, 2021. The Revolver maintains an interest rate on a scale ranging from LIBOR plus 1.75% up to
LIBOR plus 3.00%. The effective interest rate for the revolver at December 31, 2017 was 5.0%. The balance at December 31, 2017 and
December 31, 2016 was $5.1 million and $3.0 million, respectively.

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 8:–                        LOANS (Cont.)

The maturity of the Term Loan A is March 11, 2021.  Term Loan A maintains an interest rate on a scale ranging from LIBOR plus 2.0%
up to LIBOR plus 3.25%. The repayment of Term Loan A consists of 60 consecutive monthly payments of principal plus accrued interest
based on annual principal reductions of 10% during the first year, 20% during the second through fourth years, and 30% during the fifth
year. The effective interest rate for the Term Loan at December 31, 2017 was 5.25%. The balance at December 31, 2017 and December
31, 2016 was $7.7 million and $9.3 million, respectively.

During the quarter ended June 30, 2017, the Company purchased land and a building, previously leased by its Training and Simulation
Division,  in  Ann  Arbor,  Michigan.  As  a  result,  the  Company  now  maintains  two  Mortgage  Loans  (“Term  Loans  B  and  C”).  The
maturities  of  Term  Loans  B  and  C  are  June  1,  2024  and  maintain  an  interest  rate  on  a  scale  identical  to  Term  Loan A.  The  monthly
payments  on  Term  Loan  B  and  Term  Loan  C  are  $7,212  and  $5,660,  respectively,  in  principal  plus  accrued  interest,  with  balloon
payments due on the maturity date. The effective interest rate for the Mortgage Loans at December 31, 2017 was 5.25%.  At December
31, 2017, the balance of Term Loans B and C was $3.1 million and at December 31, 2016 the balance of Term Loan B was $967,000.

The  Credit  Facilities  maintain  certain  reporting  requirements,  conditions  precedent,  affirmative  covenants  and  financial  covenants.  The
Company  is  required  to  maintain  certain  financial  covenants  that  include  a  Maximum  Debt  to  EBITDA  ratio  of  3.00  to  1.00  and  a
Minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1.20 to 1.00. The Company was in compliance with its covenants at December 31, 2017.
The Credit Facilities are secured by the Company’s assets and the assets of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries.

Minimum loan payments for the Term and Mortgage Loans are as follows:

Minimum loan payments

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total

  December 31,
  $

2,248,043 
2,208,721 
2,836,779 
1,144,088 
154,464 
2,226,472 
10,818,567 

  $

NOTE 9:–                        OTHER ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES

The following is a summary of other accounts payable and accrued expenses as of December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Employees and payroll accruals
Accrued vacation pay
Accrued expenses
Government authorities
Total

December 31,

2017
3,309,950    $
1,082,105     
1,205,713     
1,042,386     
6,640,154    $

2016
3,068,035 
958,160 
808,284 
763,079 
5,597,558 

  $

  $

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 10:–                      COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

a.           Royalty commitments:

Under  Epsilor-EFL’s  research  and  development  agreements  with  the  Office  of  the  Chief  Scientist  (“OCS”),  and  pursuant  to  applicable
laws, Epsilor-EFL is required to pay royalties at the rate of 3%-3.5% of net sales of products developed with funds provided by the OCS,
up to an amount equal to 100% of research and development grants received from the OCS. Amounts due in respect of projects approved
after 1999 also bear interest at the LIBOR rate. Epsilor-EFL is obligated to pay royalties only on sales of products in respect of which
OCS participated in their development. Should the project fail, Epsilor-EFL will not be obligated to pay any royalties or refund the grants.
During 2017, 2016, and 2015, Epsilor-EFL received grants in the total amount of $461,894, $612,249, and $322,820, respectively. 

No royalties were expensed for 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

b.           Lease commitments:

The Company rents its facilities under various operating lease agreements, which expire on various dates through 2022. The minimum
rental payments under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

 December 31

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total

Minimum
rental
payments

  $

  $

851,812 
739,538 
362,890 
356,481 
278,214 
169,471 
2,758,406 

Total rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, were $1,332,758, $1,418,136, and $1,404,183, respectively.

c.           Guarantees:

The  Company  obtained  bank  guarantees  in  the  amount  of  $356,775  in  connection  with  (i)  obligations  of  one  of  the  Company’s
subsidiaries to the Israeli customs authorities, and (ii) the obligation of one of the Company’s subsidiaries to secure the return of products
loaned to the Company from one of its customers.

d.           Liens:

As security for compliance with the terms related to the investment grants from the State of Israel, Epsilor-EFL has registered floating
liens (that is, liens that apply not only to assets owned at the time but also to after-acquired assets) on all of its assets, in favor of the State
of Israel.

The Company does not have any credit liens collateralized by the assets of the Company and guaranteed by the Company.

Epsilor-EFL  has  recorded  a  lien  on  all  of  its  assets  in  favor  of  its  banks  to  secure  overdraft  protection.  In  addition  Epsilor-EFL  has  a
specific pledge on assets in respect of which government guaranteed loans were given.

e.           Litigation and other claims:

As of the date of this filing, there were no material pending legal proceedings against the Company.

F-23

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 11:–                      COSTS AND ESTIMATED EARNINGS ON UNCOMPLETED CONTRACTS

Billings  in  excess  of  costs  generated  under  the  percentage-of-completion  method  are  recorded  as  deferred  revenues  until  the  revenue
recognition  criteria  are  met.  Deferred  revenues  also  include  unearned  amounts  received  under  maintenance  and  support  services  and
customer deposits of $200,069 and $346,552 for 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The following is a summary of the costs and estimated earnings on contracts as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. Open contracts are
expected to be completed in the following year.

Costs incurred on contracts
Estimated earnings

Less billings to date
Total

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings (included in
deferred revenues)
Total

NOTE 12:–                      STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

a.           Stockholders’ rights:

Year ended December 31,
2016
2017
153,324,167 
82,639,071    $
20,754,754 
22,047,955     
174,078,921 
104,687,026     
(166,017,018)
(91,605,492)    
8,061,903 
13,081,534    $

16,094,515    $

10,981,577 

(3,012,981)    
13,081,534    $

(2,919,674)
8,061,903 

  $

  $

  $

  $

The Company’s shares confer upon the holders the right to receive notice to participate and vote in the general meetings of the Company
and right to receive dividends, if and when declared.

b.                      The  Company  has  adopted  the  following  stock  award  plans,  whereby  options  may  be  granted  for  purchase  of  shares  of  the
Company’s common stock and where restricted shares and restricted stock units may be granted if approved by the Board of Directors.
Each restricted stock unit is equal to one share of Company stock and is redeemable only for stock. Under the terms of the award plans,
the Board of Directors or the designated committee grants options, restricted stock and restricted stock units. The Board of Directors or
the designated committee also determines the vesting period and the exercise terms.

1.                      2007  Non-Employee  Director  Equity  Compensation  Plan  –  750,000  shares  reserved  for  issuance,  of  which  136,205  were
available for future grants to outside directors as of December 31, 2017. In May 2017, the stockholders of the Company approved a new
non-employee director equity compensation plan.

2.           2009 Equity Incentive Plan – 5,000,000 shares reserved for issuance, of which 2,709,896 were available for future grants to
employees and consultants as of December 31, 2017.

3.                      Under  these  plans,  restricted  shares  and  restricted  stock  units  generally  vest  after  one  to  three  years  or  pursuant  to  defined
performance criteria; in the event that employment is terminated within that period, unvested restricted shares and restricted stock units
generally revert back to the Company.

4.           Stock compensation expense is recorded ratably over the vesting period of the option or the restriction period of the restricted
shares and restricted stock units. The stock compensation expense that has been charged in the consolidated statements of comprehensive
income  in  respect  of  restricted  shares  and  restricted  stock  units  to  employees  and  directors  in  2017,  2016,  and  2015,  was  $421,000,
$878,000, and $622,000, respectively.

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 12:–                      STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Cont.)

5.           A summary of the status of the Company’s restricted shares and restricted stock units granted as of December 31, 2017 and 2016,
and changes during the years ended on those dates, is presented below:

 Restricted Shares and Restricted Stock Units:

2017

2016

2015

Weighted
average
fair value
at grant date    

Shares

Weighted
average
fair value
at grant date    

Shares

Weighted
average
fair value
at grant date  

Shares

482,298    $

2.41     

516,952    $

2.94     

920,678    $

109,320    $
198,000    $
(166,847)   $
(249,340)   $
373,431    $
3,793,427    $

3.20     
3.50     
2.45     
2.34     
3.25     
2.27     

310,735    $
150,500    $
(220,630)   $
(275,259)   $
482,298    $
3,626,580    $

2.39     
2.31     
2.86     
2.96     
2.41     
2.26     

57,028    $
–    $
(451,122)   $
(9,632)   $
516,952    $
3,405,960    $

2.99 

2.89 
– 
3.15 
2.38 
2.94 
2.22 

Non-vested at the beginning of the
year
Changes during year:
Restricted stock granted
Restricted units granted
Vested
Forfeited
Non-vested at the end of the year
Restricted shares vested at end of year    

6.           The remaining total compensation cost related to non-vested restricted share and restricted stock unit awards not yet recognized
(before  applying  a  forfeiture  rate)  in  the  income  statement  as  of  December  31,  2017  was  $137,000.  The  weighted  average  period  over
which this compensation cost is expected to be recognized is approximately one and a half years.

NOTE 13:–                      INCOME TAXES

a.           General:

The U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act makes broad complex changes to the U.S.
tax code including, but not limited to, reduction of the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, requiring companies to pay a one-
time transition tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred and creates new taxes on certain foreign
sourced earnings and additional limitations on the deductibility of interest.

The SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SAB 118) in December, 2017, to provide guidance on accounting for the effects of
the Tax Act.  SAB 118 provides for a measurement period of up to one year from the Tax Act enactment date for companies to complete
their assessment of and accounting for those effects of the Tax Act.  Under SAB 118, a company must first reflect the income tax effects
of the Tax Act for which the accounting is complete in the period of the date of enactment. To the extent the accounting for other income
tax effects is incomplete, but a reasonable estimate can be determined, companies must record a provisional estimate to be included in
their financial statements.  For any income tax effect for which a reasonable estimate cannot be determined, an entity must continue to
apply ASC  740  based  on  the  provisions  of  the  tax  laws  in  effect  immediately  prior  to  the  Tax Act  being  enacted  until  such  time  as  a
reasonable estimate can be determined.

The Company has recorded a provisional deferred income tax benefit of $3.2 million in the period ended December 31, 2017 related to
the  change  in  corporate  tax  rate  from  35%  to  21%  as  a  result  of  the  Tax Act.    The  Company  requires  additional  time  to  complete  its
analysis of the impacts of the Tax Act and therefore its accounting for the Tax Act is provisional but is a reasonable estimate based on
available information.  The Company will complete its analysis and finalize its accounting for this provisional estimate during the one-
year measurement period as prescribed by SAB 118.

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 13:–                      INCOME TAXES (Cont.)

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017,  the  Company  was  not  required  to  record  any  provisional  amounts  for  the  Company’s  foreign
subsidiary relating to the one-time tax on accumulated foreign earnings provision of the Tax Act due to the accumulated net loss position
of the foreign subsidiary.

Beginning in 2018, the Tax Act provides a 100% deduction for dividends received from 10-percent owned foreign corporations by U.S.
corporate shareholders, subject to a one-year holding period. Although dividend income is now exempt from U.S. federal tax in the hands
of the U.S. corporate shareholders, companies must still apply the guidance of ASC 740-30-25-18 to account for the tax consequences of
outside basis differences and other tax impacts of their investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries.

The Tax Act limits net operating loss (“NOL”) deductions to 80 percent of taxable income for tax years beginning after December 31,
2017. The amendments disallow the carryback of NOLs but allow for the indefinite carryforward of NOLs, which would be considered an
indefinite lived asset.

As  of  December  31,  2017,  the  Company  had  net  operating  loss  (“NOL”)  carryforwards  for  U.S.  federal  income  tax  purposes  of  $40.7
million, which are available to offset future taxable income, if any, expiring in 2021 through 2037. Utilization of U.S. net operating losses
is subject to substantial annual limitations due to the “change in ownership” provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and similar
state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating losses before utilization.

At December 31, 2017, the Company had net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance of $37.5 million. The deferred tax assets are
primarily  composed  of  federal,  state  and  foreign  tax  NOL  carryforwards.  Due  to  uncertainties  surrounding  the  Company’s  ability  to
generate future taxable income to realize these assets, a full valuation allowance has been established to offset its net deferred tax assets.
Additionally, the future utilization of the Company’s NOL carryforwards to offset future taxable income is subject to a substantial annual
limitation as a result of IRC Section 382 changes that have occurred. Any carryforwards that will expire prior to utilization as a result of
such limitations will be removed from deferred tax assets with a corresponding reduction of the valuation allowance.

The Company has indefinite-lived intangible assets consisting of trademarks and goodwill. These intangible assets are not amortized for
financial reporting purposes. However, these assets are tax deductible, and therefore amortized over 15 years for tax purposes. As such,
deferred income tax expense and a deferred tax liability arise as a result of the tax-deductibility of these assets. The resulting deferred tax
liability, which is expected to continue to increase over time, will have an indefinite life, resulting in what is referred to as a “naked tax
credit.” This deferred tax liability could remain on the Company’s balance sheet permanently unless there is an impairment of the related
assets  (for  financial  reporting  purposes),  or  the  business  to  which  those  assets  relate  were  to  be  disposed  of.  Due  to  the  fact  that  the
aforementioned  deferred  tax  liability  could  have  an  indefinite  life,  it  is  not  netted  against  the  Company’s  deferred  tax  assets  when
determining  the  required  valuation  allowance.  Doing  so  would  result  in  the  understatement  of  the  valuation  allowance  and  related
deferred income tax expense.

The Company has also evaluated its income tax positions under FASB ASC 740-10 as of December 31, 2017 and the Company believes
that it has no material uncertain tax positions and therefore has no uncertain tax position reserves and does not expect to provide for any
such reserves. The Company does not believe that the unrecognized tax benefits will change within 12 months of this reporting date. It is
the Company’s policy that any assessed penalties and interest on uncertain tax positions would be charged to income tax expense.

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 13:–                      INCOME TAXES (Cont.)

The  Company  files  income  tax  returns,  including  returns  for  its  subsidiaries,  with  federal,  state,  local  and  foreign  jurisdictions.  The
Company files consolidated tax returns for its U.S. entities.

b.           Israeli subsidiary (Epsilor-EFL):

Epsilor-EFL’s tax rate was 24% for 2017, 25% for 2016 and 26.5% for 2015. In addition, dividends paid from the profits of Epsilor-EFL
are  subject  to  tax  at  the  rate  of  15%  in  the  hands  of  their  recipient.  Management  has  indicated  that  it  has  no  intention  of  declaring  a
dividend.

The  Israeli  government  has  established  certain  development  zones  so  as  to  incentivize  business  development  and  export  activities.
Companies that reside in this zone and meet certain  criteria  are  subject  to  a  favorable  tax  rates.  Epsilor-EFL  is  located  in  an  approved
development zone, however, currently does not meet the criteria established by the government to obtain the tax incentives.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has tax loss carryforwards, generated by the predecessor of Epsilor-EFL, of $91.5 million, which
is  available  indefinitely  to  offset  future  taxable  income.  Due  to  the  2009  merger  of  EFL-Epsilor,  the  utilization  of  the  tax  loss
carryforward is subject to annual limitations.

c.           Consolidated deferred income taxes:

Deferred income taxes reflect tax credit carryforwards and the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of
assets  and  liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  amounts  used  for  income  tax  purposes.  Significant  components  of  the
Company’s deferred tax assets are as follows:

U.S. operating loss carryforward
Foreign operating loss carryforward
Total operating loss carryforward

Temporary differences:
Compensation and benefits
Warranty reserves
Foreign temporary differences
Definite lived intangible assets
Fixed assets
AMT credit
All other temporary differences
Total temporary differences

Deferred tax asset before valuation allowance
Valuation allowance
Total deferred tax asset

Deferred tax liability – intangible assets
Net deferred tax liability – intangible assets

  $

December 31,

2017
9,271,258    $
21,949,779     
31,221,037     

2016
16,869,205 
19,696,756 
36,565,961 

1,530,669     
871,219     
684,230     
1,696,965     
968,053     
387,068     
524,781     
6,662,985     

2,417,056 
1,263,499 
1,112,113 
304,063 
1,458,138 
387,068 
(57,646)
6,884,291 

37,884,022     
(37,496,954)    

43,450,252 
(43,063,184)

387,068    $

387,068 

5,987,789    $
5,600,721    $

8,255,193 
7,868,125 

  $

  $
  $

The  Company  provided  valuation  allowances  for  the  deferred  tax  assets  resulting  from  tax  loss  carryforwards  and  other  temporary
differences. At present, management currently believes that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets related to the operating
loss carryforwards and other temporary differences will not be realized.

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 13:–                      INCOME TAXES (Cont.)

d.           Income from continuing operations before taxes on income are as follows:

Domestic
Foreign

e.           Taxes on income were comprised of the following:

Current federal taxes
Current state and local taxes
Deferred taxes
Foreign taxes
Taxes in respect of prior years
(Benefit)/expense

 $

 $

  $

  $

2017

Year ended December 31
2016
(2,133,486)  $
1,437,332 
(696,154)  $

 $

 $

476,327 
1,333,679 
1,810,006 

2015
(3,071,694)
2,181,671 
(890,023)

Year ended December 31
2016

2017

–    $
47,316     
(2,267,404)    
241,267     
(45,309)    
(2,024,130)   $

–    $
(24,634)    
836,561     
–     
(28,507)    
783,420    $

2015

– 
246,403 
914,543 
– 
– 
1,160,946 

f.                       A  reconciliation  between  the  theoretical  tax  expense,  assuming  all  income  is  taxed  at  the  U.S.  federal  statutory  tax  rate
applicable to income of the Company, and the actual tax expense as reported in the Statements of Comprehensive Income is as follows:

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes

Statutory tax rate
Theoretical income tax on the above amount at the U.S. statutory tax rate
Deferred taxes for which valuation allowance was provided
Non-deductible expenses
State taxes, net of federal benefit
Foreign income in tax rates other than U.S. rate
Taxes in respect of prior years
Re-measurement of deferred taxes

  $

  $

Year ended December 31,
2016

2015

  $

(696,154)   $

(890,023)

2017
1,810,006 

34%   
  $

615,402 
497,850 
74,153 
31,228 
(36,925)    
(45,309)    
(3,160,529)    

34%   
(236,692)   $
589,912 
22,746 
(16,258)    
452,219 
(28,507)    

– 

34%
(302,608)
1,413,567 
31,841 
181,771 
(163,625)
– 
– 

Actual tax expense

  $

(2,024,130)   $

783,420 

  $

1,160,946 

F-28

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
  
 
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 14:–                      FINANCIAL INCOME (EXPENSE)

Financial income (expense), net:

Financial expenses:
Interest, bank charges and fees
Foreign currency transaction differences, net
Total financial expenses

Financial income:
Foreign currency transaction differences, net
Total financial income

Year ended December 31,
2016

2017

2015

  $

(828,154)   $
(248,505)    
(1,076,659)    

(927,390)   $
(47,873)    
(975,263)    

(1,202,224)
– 
(1,202,224)

–     
–     

–     
–     

50,103 
50,103 

Financial expense, net

  $

(1,076,659)   $

(975,263)   $

(1,152,121)

NOTE 15:–                      SEGMENT INFORMATION

a.           General:

The Company operates in two continuing business segments (see Note 1.a. for a brief description of the Company’s business).

The Company’s reportable segments have been determined in accordance with the Company’s internal management structure, which is
organized  based  on  operating  activities.  The  accounting  policies  of  the  reportable  segments  are  the  same  as  those  described  in  the
summary of significant accounting policies. The Company evaluates performance based on two primary factors: the segment’s operating
income and the segment’s contribution to the Company’s future strategic growth.

b.           The following is information about reportable segment gains, losses and assets and are presented after the elimination of intra-
segment revenues and expenses:

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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 15:–                      SEGMENT INFORMATION (Cont.)

2017

Revenues from outside customers
Depreciation and amortization expenses (1)
Direct expenses (2)
Segment income (loss)
Financial expense
Income tax (expense) benefit
Net income (loss)
Segment assets (4)
Additions to long-lived assets

2016

Revenues from outside customers
Depreciation and amortization expenses (1)
Direct expenses (2)
Segment income (loss)
Financial expense
Income tax (expense) benefit
Net income (loss)
Segment assets
Additions to long-lived assets

2015

Revenues from outside customers
Depreciation and amortization expenses (1)
Direct expenses (2)
Segment income (loss)
Financial income (expense)
Income tax expense
Net income (loss)
Segment assets
Additions to long-lived assets (3)

Training and
Simulation
Division

Power Systems
Division

Corporate

Total
Company

  $

  $
  $
  $

  $

  $
  $
  $

  $

  $
  $
  $

50,254,324    $
(963,060)    
(41,644,547)    
7,646,717     
(122,875)    
(41,391)    
7,482,451    $
52,075,040    $
2,996,452    $

48,468,354    $
(3,073,365)    
(46,614,138)    
(1,219,149)    
(255,835)    
(195,592)    
(1,670,576)   $
61,216,020    $
2,416,055    $

-    $
(4,638)    
(3,536,265)    
(3,540,903)    
(697,949)    
2,261,113     
(1,977,739)   $
3,107,116    $
–    $

98,722,678 
(4,041,063)
(91,794,950)
2,886,665 
(1,076,659)
2,024,130 
3,834,136 
116,398,176 
5,412,507 

Training and
Simulation
Division

Power Systems
Division

Corporate

Total
Company

46,358,794    $
(1,113,001)    
(37,637,110)    
7,608,683     
(41,397)    
24,634     
7,591,920    $
43,740,316    $
586,068    $

46,616,958    $
(3,531,851)    
(43,682,708)    
(597,601)    
(87,371)    
28,507     
(656,465)   $
58,955,828    $
1,081,815    $

–    $
(19,732)    
(6,712,241)    
(6,731,973)    
(846,495)    
(836,561)    
(8,415,029)   $
6,444,053    $
–    $

92,975,752 
(4,664,584)
(88,032,059)
279,109 
(975,263)
(783,420)
(1,479,574)
109,140,197 
1,667,883 

Training and
Simulation
Division

Power Systems
Division

Corporate

Total
Company

54,617,611    $
(912,930)    
(44,711,979)    
8,992,702     
(59,791)    
(233,106)    
8,699,805    $
57,433,489    $
1,139,074    $

41,956,336    $
(3,957,368)    
(41,863,776)    
(3,864,808)    
21,432     
–     
(3,843,376)   $
59,498,304    $
1,374,354    $

–    $
(25,220)    
(4,840,578)    
(4,865,798)    
(1,113,762)    
(927,840)    
(6,907,400)   $
492,922    $
4,501    $

96,573,947 
(4,895,518)
(91,416,331)
262,098 
(1,152,121)
(1,160,946)
(2,050,969)
117,424,715 
2,540,005 

(1)          Includes depreciation of property and equipment and amortization expenses of intangible assets.
(2)          Including, inter alia, sales and marketing, general and administrative, research and development and other income.
(3)          Includes intangible assets associated with the acquisition of UEC.
(4)          Cash balances previously reported in the Training and Simulation Division in 2015 were reported in Corporate in 2016 and
2017. 

F-30

 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
      
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
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AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 15:–                      SEGMENT INFORMATION (Cont.)

c.           Summary information about geographic areas:

The following discloses total revenues according to the locations of the Company’s end customers and long-lived assets as of and for the
years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015:

U.S.A.
Israel
Canada
Taiwan
Mexico
India
Japan
Germany
Australia
Korea
Saudi Arabia
China
U.A.E.
Other

2017

Total
revenues

71,543,220    $
17,631,139     
1,147,679     
–     
2,528,220     
7,818     
770,439     
226,806     
–     
166,271     
–     
2,214,436     
15,209     
2,471,441     
98,722,678    $

Long-lived
Assets
50,361,031    $
10,258,698     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
60,619,729    $

2016

Total
revenues

72,645,752    $
13,944,078     
2,435,134     
690,080     
590,919     
228,449     
182,996     
115,509     
75,513     
260     
–     
–     
–     
2,067,062     
92,975,752    $

Long-lived
Assets
49,883,172    $
8,308,931     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
–     
58,192,103    $

2015

Total
revenues

77,715,872    $
14,114,688     
587,516     
–     
–     
–     
–     
1,076,872     
109,041     
875,593     
548,837     
154,803     
–     
1,390,725     
96,573,947    $

Long-lived
assets
52,938,660 
8,299,367 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
61,238,027 

  $

  $

d.           Revenues from major customers (as a percentage of consolidated revenues):

Other  than  for  sales  to  various  branches  of  the  United  States  Military,  which  accounted  for  33%,  41%,  and  48%  of  consolidated
continuing revenues for 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of revenues for any of the
three years presented.

e.           Revenues from major products:

Simulators
Batteries and charging systems
Water activated batteries
Total

Year ended December 31,
2016
46,358,794    $
42,574,102     
4,042,856     
92,975,752    $

2017
50,254,324    $
44,001,695     
4,466,659     
98,722,678    $

  $

  $

2015
54,617,611 
37,331,372 
4,624,964 
96,573,947 

F-31

  
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
Table of Contents

AROTECH CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In U.S. dollars

NOTE 16:–                      WARRANTY

The  following  is  a  summary  of  the  deferred  warranty  revenue  in  the  Simulation  Division  included  in  total  deferred  revenue  as  of
December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Balance at beginning of period
Deferred revenue
Revenue recognized
Balance at end of period

Year ended December 31,

2017
2,702,615    $
3,864,556     
(3,179,400)    
3,387,771    $

2016
3,358,866 
3,344,498 
(4,000,749)
2,702,615 

  $

  $

The  following  is  a  summary  of  the  warranty  liability  in  the  Power  Systems  Division  that  is  also  included  in  deferred  revenue  as  of
December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Balance at beginning of period
New reserves
Costs incurred
Balance at end of period

Year ended December 31,

2017

2016

  $

  $

202,429    $
88,223     
(113,699)    
176,953    $

380,904 
136,668 
(315,143)
202,429 

NOTE 17:–                      QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED):

(in thousands, except per share data)
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2017:
Revenues
Gross profit
Net (loss) income*
Basic net income/(loss) per common share

Diluted net income/(loss) per common share

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2016:
Revenues
Gross profit
Net (loss) income
Basic net income/(loss) per common share

Diluted net income/(loss) per common share

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

22,347    $
6,480     
(768)    
(0.03)   $

21,449    $
5,982     
(594)    
(0.02)   $

25,931    $
7,257     
787     
0.03    $

28,996 
7,921 
4,409 
0.17 

(0.03)   $

(0.02)   $

0.03    $

0.17 

25,406    $
7,694     
(382)    
(0.02)   $

21,780    $
6,995     
(569)    
(0.02)   $

24,301    $
7,864     
1,505     
0.06    $

21,489 
5,597 
(2,034)
(0.08)

(0.02)   $

(0.02)   $

0.06    $

(0.08)

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

*Net income for the fourth quarter of 2017 included $3.2 million in federal income tax benefit to revalue the deferred tax liability under
the newly enacted federal income tax rate.

F-32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
   
     
     
     
 
   
   
 
   
      
      
      
  
 
 
AMENDED AND
RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
ELECTRIC FUEL CORPORATION

Exhibit 3.1

Electric Fuel Corporation, a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, herby certifies as

follows:

1. The name of this corporation is Electric Fuel Corporation.  Electric Fuel Corporation was originally incorporated under the name
of Luz Electric Fuel, Inc.  The date of the filing of Luz Electrical Fuel, Inc.  The date of the filing of its original Certificate of
Incorporation with the Secretary of State was December 20, 1990.

2. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation restates and integrates and further amends the provisions of the
corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation as amended and supplemented.  This Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation has been adopted by the Board of Directors and the stockholders of the Company in accordance with Sections 245
(b) and 242 of the Delaware Corporation Law.

3. The text of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation is amended to read in its entirety as follows:

-1-

 
AMENDED AND
RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
ELECTRIC FUEL CORPORATION

ONE:  The name of this corporation is Electric Fuel Corporation.

TWO:  The address of its registered office in the State of Delaware is 1013 Centre Road, Wilmington, County of New Castle.  The

name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.

THREE:  The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which

corporations may be organized under the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”).

FOUR:  The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the corporation shall have authority to issue is Fifteen Million

(15,000,000) consisting of two classes of shares designated as follows:

A.  Fourteen Million (14,000,000) shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value, (the “Common Stock”); and

B.  One Million (1,000,000) shares of Preferred Stock, $.01 par value, (the “Preferred Stock”).

FIVE:  The rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted to or imposed upon the respective classes of shares or the

holders thereof are as follows:

A.

Preferred Stock.

1.             The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series.  All shares of any one series of

Preferred Stock shall be identical in all respects, except that shares of any one series issued on different dates may differ as to dates, if any,
from which dividends thereon are to cumulate.

2.             The Board of Directors of the corporation is expressly granted the authority, at any time and from time to time

by the adoption of a resolution or resolutions not inconsistent with the provisions of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation,
to authorize the issuance by this corporation of one or more series of Preferred Stock and to fix and determine with respect to each such
series all the designations, preferences, powers and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations
or restrictions thereof, to the full extent now or

-2-

hereafter permitted by law, and including, but without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following:

provided by for the issuance of such series) or decrease (to a number not less than the number of shares then outstanding) by resolution or
designations thereof;

(a)             the number of shares of such series, which may subsequently be increased (except as otherwise

(b)             the dividend rights of such series, the preferences, if any, other any other class or series of stock, the

preferences, if any, over any other class or series of stock, or of any other class or series of stock over such series, as to dividends, the
extent, if any, to which shares of such series shall be entitled to participate in dividends with shares of any other class of stock, whether
dividends on shares of such series shall be fully, partially or conditionally cumulative, or a combination thereof, and any limitations,
restrictions or condition on the payment of such dividends;

(c)             the rights of such series, and the preferences, if any, over any class or series of stock, or of any other

class or series of stock over such series, in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of this
corporation and the extent, if any, to which shares of any such series shall be entitled to participate in such event with any other series or
class of stock;

upon payable thereon in the case of redemption thereof, which amount may vary at different redemption dates;

(d)             whether or not the shares of such series shall be redeemable, and, if redeemable, the date or dates

series;

(e)             the terms of any purchase, retirement or sinking fund which may be provided for the shares of such

(f)              the right, if any, of holders of shares of such series to convert the same into, or exchange the same for
Common Stock, and the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange, as well as provision for adjustment of the conversion rate in
such events as the Board of Directors shall determine; and,

(g)             the voting powers, if any, of such series in addition to the voting powers by law.

the holders of the Preferred Stock of each series shall be entitled to receive only such or amounts as shall have

3.             In the event of any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of this corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary,

-3-

been fixed by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or resolutions of the Board of Directors providing for the issuance of
such series.

B.

Common Stock.

name of such holders.

1.             The holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock registered in the

2.             The holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to receive dividends on their shares of stock when and as

declared by this corporation’s Board of Directors.  All dividends declared on the Common Stock shall be declared and paid at the same rate
per share on all shares of Common Stock.

3.             In the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the corporation, the holders of the

Common Stock shall be entitled to share pro rata in the net assets available for distribution to holders of Common Stock after satisfaction of
the prior claims of the holders of Preferred Stock of any series or and shares of any other class of capital stock ranking senior to the
Common Stock as to assets, in accordance with this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended from time to time, or
of resolutions of the Board of Directors adopted pursuant to the authority herein contained.

SIX:  The provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL shall not apply to this Corporation.

SEVEN:  The following provisions are inserted for the management of the business and the conduct of the affairs of the

corporation, and for further definition, limitation and regulation of the powers of the corporation and of its directors and stockholders.

A.

The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.  In

addition to the powers and authority expressly conferred upon them by the DGCL or by this Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation or the Bylaws of the corporation, the directors are hereby empowered to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and
things as may be exercised or done by the corporation.

B.

Except as otherwise provided in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, or the By-Laws of the
Corporation relating to the rights of the holders of any class or series of Preferred Stock, voting separately by class or series, to elect
additional directors under specified circumstances, the number of directors of the Corporation shall

-4-

be fixed from time to time by or pursuant to the By-Laws of the Corporation.  The election of directors need not be by ballot unless the by-
laws shall so require.  The directors, other than those who may be elected by the holders of any class or series of Preferred Stock voting
separately by class or series, shall be classified, with respect to the time for which they severally hold office, into three classes, Class I,
Class II and Class III, which shall be as nearly equal in  number as possible.  Each director holding office as of the date of adoption of this
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (each an “Initial Director”), classified in Class I shall hold office for a term expiring at
the 1994 annual meeting of stockholders; each Initial Director in Class II shall hold office for a term expiring at the 1995 annual meeting of
stockholders; and each Initial Director in Class III shall hold office for a term expiring at the 1996 annual meeting of stockholders. 
Notwithstanding the foregoing provision of this paragraph B, each director shall serve until his successor is duly elected and qualified or
until his earlier death, resignation or removal.  At each annual meeting of stockholders following the 1993 annual meeting, the successors
to the class of directors whose term expires at that meeting shall be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of
stockholders held in the third year following the year of their election and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified or
until their earlier death, resignation or removal.

C.

Except as otherwise provided pursuant to the provisions of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or

the By-laws of the Corporation relating to the rights of the holders of any class or series of Preferred Stock, voting separately by class or
series, to elect directors under specified circumstances, any director or directors may be removed from office at any time, but only for cause,
by the affirmation vote, at any regular meeting or special meeting of the stockholders, of not less than 85% of the total number of votes of
the then outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a
single class, and only if notice of such removal may be filled by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a
quorum, and any director or directors so chosen shall hold office until the next election of the class for which such directors shall have been
chosen and until their successors shall be elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.

D.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws of the

Corporation (and notwithstanding the fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, this Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation or the By-laws of the Corporation),

-5-

the affirmative vote, at any regular meeting or special meeting of stockholders, of not less than 85% of the total number of votes of the then
outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class,
shall be required to amend or repeal, or to adopt any provision, inconsistent with the purpose or intent of, this paragraph SEVEN.  Notice of
such proposed alteration or amendment must be contained in the notice of such meeting.

E.

In the event of any increase or decrease in the authorized number of directors, the newly created or eliminated

directorship resulting from such increase or decrease shall be allotted by the Board of Directors among the three classes of directors so as to
maintain such classes as nearly equally as possible.  No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall
shorten the term of any incumbent director.

F.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever the holders of any one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock issued by
the Corporation shall have the right, voting separately by class or series, to elect directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders,
the election, term of office, filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the terms of the Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation applicable thereto, and such directors so electe shall not be divided into classes pursuant to paragraph
B unless expressly provided for by the terms of the instrument establishing the right to vote separately as a class or series for the purpose of
electing directors.

EIGHT:  A director of the corporation in exercising his duties as such, including without limitation, evaluating a tender offer or
exchange offer for any equity security of the corporation or any merger or consolidation of the corporation, any sale, lease, exchange or
transfer of all or any substantial part of the assets of the corporation, the issuance of any securities of the corporation.  The acquisition of
any securities of a third party or any reclassification, recapitalization or reorganization of the corporation or any of its securities, may
consider the following factors as the Board of Directors determines to be relevant, including without limitation:  (i) the interests of the
corporation’s stockholders; (ii) whether the proposed transaction may violate federal or state laws; (iii) not only the consideration being
offered in the proposed transaction, in relation to the then current market price for the outstanding capital stock of the corporation, but also
the market price for the capital stock of the corporation over a period of years, the estimated price that might be achieved in a negotiated
sale of the corporation as a

-6-

whole or in part or through orderly liquidation, the premiums over market price for the securities of other corporations in similar
transactions, current political, economic and other factors bearing on securities prices and the corporation’s financial condition and future
prospects; and (iv) the interests of the corporation’s employees, suppliers, creditors and customers, the economy of the state, region and
nation, community and societal considerations, and the long-term and short-term interests of the corporation and its stockholders, including
the possibility that these interests may best be served with any such evaluation, the Board of Directors is authorized to proceedings as the
Board of Directors may determine.

NINE:  The officers of the corporation shall be chosen in such a manner, shall hold their offices for such terms and shall carry out

such duties as are determined solely by the Board of Directors, subject to the right of the Board of Directors to remove any officer or
officers at any time with or without cause.

TEN:  No director of the corporation shall be personally liable to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for any

breach of fiduciary duty by such a director as a director.  Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, a director shall be liable to the extent
provided by applicable law (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions
not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) pursuant to Section 174 of the DGCL or (iv)
for any transaction from which such director derived an improper personal benefit.  No amendment to or repeal of this Article NINE shall
apply to or have any affect on the liability or alleged liability of any director of the corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions
of such director occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.  If the DGCL is amended hereafter to further eliminate or limit the personal
liability of directors, the liability of a director of this corporation shall be limited or eliminated to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL,
as amended.

ELEVEN:  This corporation shall, to the maximum extent permitted from time to time under the DGCL, indemnify and upon

request shall advance expenses to any person who is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened pending or
completed action, suit, proceeding or claim, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such person is
or was or has agreed to be a director or officer of this corporation or while a director or officer is or was serving at the request of this
corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee or agent of any corporation, partnership, trustee, employee or agent of any

-7-

corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against expenses
(including attorney’s fees and expenses), judgements, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement incurred in connection with the
investigation, preparation to defend or defense of such action, suit, proceeding or claim; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not
require this corporation to indemnify or advance expenses to any person in connection with any action, suit, proceeding, claim or
counterclaim initiated by or on behalf of such person.  Such indemnification shall be exclusive of other indemnification rights arising under
any by-law, agreement, vote of directors or stockholders or otherwise and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs and legal representatives of
such person.  Any person seeking indemnification under this paragraph 11 shall be deemed to have met the standard of conduct required for
such indemnification unless the contrary shall be established.  Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this paragraph 11
shall not adversely affect any right or protection of a director or officer of this corporation with respect to any acts or omissions of such
director or officer occurring prior to such repeal or modification.

TWELVE:  The books of this corporation may (subject to any statutory requirements) be kept outside the State of Delaware as

may be designated by the Board of Directors or in the By-Laws of this corporation.

THIRTEEN:  The corporation reserves the right to repeal, alter, amend, or rescind any provision contained in this Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred on stockholders herein
are granted subject to this reservation.

-8-

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Electric Fuel Corporation has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Amendment to be

signed by its President and attested by its Secretary this  2nd  day of      March     , 1994.

ELECTRIC FUEL CORPORATION

By: /s/Yehuda Harats                     
      President

ATTEST:

 /s/ Robert S. Ehrlich                       
Secretary

-9-

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
TO THE RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

of

ELECTRIC FUEL CORPORATION

Exhibit 3.1.1

Electric Fuel Corporation, a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the General Corporation Law of the State

of Delaware, DOES HEREBY CERTIFY:

FIRST:            That in an unanimous written consent of the Board of Directors of this corporation a resolution was duly adopted

setting forth a proposed amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of said corporation, declaring said
amendment to be advisable and calling for the presentation of said amendment at the annual meeting of the stockholders of said
corporation for consideration thereof.  The resolution setting for the proposed amendment is as follows:

RESOLVED:  That Article Four of the Corporations Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation be amended to read in its entirety
as follows:

Twenty-nine Million (29,000,000) consisting of two classes of shares designated as follows:

“FOUR:  The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the corporation shall have authority to issue is

A. Twenty-eight Million (28,000,000) shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value (the “Common Stock”), and

B. One Million (1,000,000) shares of Preferred Stock, $.01 par value (the “Preferred Stock”).”

and that such amendment is attached hereto as Exhibit A.

SECOND:      That thereafter pursuant to resolution of its Board of Directors the Annual Meeting of the Stockholders of said

corporation was duly called and held, upon notice in accordance with Section 222 of the General Corporation Law of State of Delaware,
at which meeting a majority of the outstanding stock of the corporation entitled to vote thereon was voted in favor of the amendments.

THIRD:          That said amendments were duly adopted in accordance with the provision of Section 242 of the General

Corporation Law of State of Delaware.

-1-

 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, said corporation has caused this certificate to be signed by Yehuda Harats, its President and Chief
Executive Officer and attested by Robert S. Ehrlich, its Chairman of the Board, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary, this 24th day of
June, 1996.

ELECTRIC FUEL CORPORATION

By  /s/Yehuda Harats                                                

Yehuda Harats, President and
Chief Executive Officer

ATTEST:

  /s/ Robert S. Ehrlich
Robert S. Ehrlich, Chairman of the Board,
Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

-2-

ELECTRIC FUEL CORPORATION

AMENDMENT TO ARTICLE FOUR OF THE CORPORATION’S AMENDED AND

RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION (THE “CHARTER”)

EXHIBIT A

FOUR:            The total number of shares of all classes of stock which the corporation shall have authority to issue is Twenty-

nine Million (29,000,000) consisting of two classes of shares designated as follows:

A.

 Twenty-eight Million (28,000,000) shares of Common Stock, $.01 par value (the “Common Stock”), and

B. One Million (1,000,000) shares of Preferred Stock, $.01 par value (the “Preferred Stock”).

Exhibit 3.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED

BY-LAWS

OF

AROTECH CORPORATION

Section 1.  LAW, CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION AND BY-LAWS

1.1.    These  by-laws  are  subject  to  the  certificate  of  incorporation  of  the  corporation.    In  these  by-laws,  references  to  law,  the
certificate of incorporation and by-laws mean the law, the provisions of the certificate of incorporation and the by-laws as from time to
time in effect.

Section 2.  STOCKHOLDERS

2.1.  Annual Meeting.  The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held at such date, time and place as shall be designated from
time to time by the board of directors and stated in the notice of the meeting, at which they shall elect a board of directors and transact
such other business as may be required by law or these by-laws or as may properly come before the meeting.

2.2.  Special Meetings.  A special meeting of the stockholders may be called at any time by the chairman of the board, if any, the
president  or  the  board  of  directors.   A  special  meeting  of  the  stockholders  shall  be  called  by  the  secretary,  or  in  the  case  of  the  death,
absence,  incapacity  or  refusal  of  the  secretary,  by  an  assistant  secretary  or  some  other  officer,  upon  application  of  a  majority  of  the
directors.  Any such application shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting.  Any such call shall state the place, date,
hour, and purposes of the meeting.

2.3.  Place of Meeting.  All meetings of the stockholders for the election of directors or for any other purpose shall be held at
such  place  within  or  without  the  State  of  Delaware  as  may  be  determined  from  time  to  time  by  the  chairman  of  the  board,  if  any,  the
president or the board of directors.  Any adjourned session of any meeting of the stockholders shall be held at the place designated in the
vote of adjournment.

-1-

 
2.4.  Notice of Meetings.    Except  as  otherwise  provided  by  law,  a  written  notice  of  each  meeting  of  stockholders  stating  the
place, day and hour thereof and, in the case of a special meeting, the purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be given not less then
ten nor more than sixty days before the meeting, to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat, and to each stockholder who, by law, by the
certificate of incorporation or by these by-laws, is entitled to notice, by leaving such notice with him or at his residence or usual place of
business, or by depositing it in the United States mail, postage prepaid, and addressed to such stockholder at his address as it appears in
the records of the corporation.  Such notice shall be given by the secretary, or by an officer or person designated by the board of directors,
or in the case of a special meeting by the officer calling the meeting.  As to any adjourned session of any meeting of stockholders, notice
of  the  adjourned  meeting  need  not  be  given  if  the  time  and  place  thereof  are  announced  at  the  meeting  at  which  the  adjournment  was
taken except that if the adjournment is for more than thirty days or if after the adjournment a new record date is set for the adjourned
session, notice of any such adjourned session of the meeting shall be given in the manner heretofore described.  No notice of any meeting
of stockholders or any adjourned session thereof need be given to a stockholder if a written waiver of notice, executed before or after the
meeting or such adjourned session by such stockholder, is filed with the records of the meeting or if the stockholder attends such meeting
without  objecting  at  the  beginning  of  the  meeting  to  the  transaction  of  any  business  because  the  meeting  is  not  lawfully  called  or
convened.  Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting of the stockholders or any adjourned session thereof
need be specified in any written waiver of notice.

2.5.  Quorum of Stockholders.  At any meeting of the stockholders a quorum as to any matter shall consist of a majority of the
votes entitled to be cast on the matter, except where a larger quorum is required by law, by the certificate of incorporation or by these by-
laws.   Any  meeting  may  be  adjourned  from  time  to  time  by  a  majority  of  the  votes  properly  cast  upon  the  question,  whether  or  not  a
quorum is present.  If a quorum is present at an original meeting, a quorum need not be present at an adjourned session of that meeting. 
Shares of its own stock belonging to the corporation or to another corporation, if a majority of the shares entitled to vote in the election of
directors of such other corporation is held, directly or indirectly, by the corporation, shall neither be entitled to vote nor be counted for
quorum purposes; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not limit the right of any corporation to vote stock, including but not limited
to its own stock, held by it in a fiduciary capacity.

2.6.  Action by Vote .  When a quorum is present at any meeting, a plurality of the votes properly cast for election to any office
shall elect to such office and a majority of the votes properly cast upon any question other than an election to an office shall decide the
question, except when a larger vote is required by law, by the certificate of incorporation or by these by-laws.  No ballot shall be required
for any election unless requested by a stockholder present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote in the election.

-2-

2.7.  Action without Meetings.  Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, any action required or permitted to
be taken by stockholders for or in connection with any corporate action may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without
a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not
less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled
to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware by hand or
certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, to its principal place of business or to an officer or agent of the corporation having
custody  of  the  book  in  which  proceedings  of  meetings  of  stockholders  are  recorded.    Each  such  written  consent  shall  bear  the  date  of
signature of each stockholder who signs the consent.  No written consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein
unless written consents signed by a number of stockholders sufficient to take such action are delivered to the corporation in the manner
specified in this paragraph within sixty days of the earliest dated consent so delivered.

If action is taken by consent of stockholders and in accordance with the foregoing, there shall be filed with the records of the

meetings of stockholders the writing or writings comprising such consent.

If action is taken by less than unanimous consent of stockholders, prompt notice of the taking of such action without a meeting
shall be given to those who have not consented in writing and a certificate signed and attested to by the secretary that such notice was
given shall be filed with the records of the meetings of stockholders.

In the event that the action which is consented to is such as would have required the filing of a certificate under any provision of
the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, if such action had been voted upon by the stockholders at a meeting thereof, the
certificate filed under such provision shall state, in lieu of any statement required by such provision concerning a vote of stockholders, that
written consent has been given under Section 228 of said General Corporation Law and that written notice has been given as provided in
such Section 228.

2.8.  Proxy Representation.  Every stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him by proxy in all matters in
which  a  stockholder  is  entitled  to  participate,  whether  by  waiving  notice  of  any  meeting,  objecting  to  or  voting  or  participating  at  a
meeting, or expressing consent or dissent without a meeting.  Every proxy must be signed by the stockholder or by his attorney-in-fact. 
No proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date unless such proxy provides for a longer period.  A duly executed
proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and, if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to
support an irrevocable power.  A proxy may be made irrevocable regardless of whether the interest with which it is coupled is an interest
in the stock itself or an interest in the corporation generally.  The authorization of a proxy may but need not be limited to specified action,
provided, however, that if a proxy limits its authorization to a meeting or meetings of stockholders, unless otherwise specifically provided
such proxy shall entitle the holder thereof to vote at any adjourned session but shall not be valid after the final adjournment thereof.

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2.9.  Inspectors.    The  directors  or  the  person  presiding  at  the  meeting  may,  but  need  not,  appoint  one  or  more  inspectors  of
election  and  any  substitute  inspectors  to  act  at  the  meeting  or  any  adjournment  thereof.    Each  inspector,  before  entering  upon  the
discharge of his duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector at such meeting with strict impartiality and
according to the best of his ability.  The inspectors, if any, shall determine the number of shares of stock outstanding and the voting power
of  each,  the  shares  of  stock  represented  at  the  meeting,  the  existence  of  a  quorum,  the  validity  and  effect  of  proxies,  and  shall  receive
votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate
all  votes,  ballots  or  consents,  determine  the  result,  and  do  such  acts  as  are  proper  to  conduct  the  election  or  vote  with  fairness  to  all
stockholders.  On request of the person presiding at the meeting, the inspectors shall make a report in writing of any challenge, question
or matter determined by them and execute a certificate of any fact found by them.

2.10.  List  of  Stockholders.    The  secretary  shall  prepare  and  make,  at  least  ten  days  before  every  meeting  of  stockholders,  a
complete  list  of  the  stockholders  entitled  to  vote  at  such  meeting,  arranged  in  alphabetical  order  and  showing  the  address  of  each
stockholder  and  the  number  of  shares  registered  in  his  name.    The  stock  ledger  shall  be  the  only  evidence  as  to  who  are  stockholders
entitled to examine such list or to vote in person or by proxy at such meeting.

Section 3.  BOARD OF DIRECTORS

3 . 1 .  Number.    The  number  of  directors  which  shall  constitute  the  whole  board  shall  not  be  less  than  3  nor  more  than  the
maximum  number  allowed  by  law.    Thereafter,  within  the  foregoing  limits,  the  stockholders  at  the  annual  meeting  shall  determine  the
number of directors and shall elect the number of directors as determined.  Within the foregoing limits, the number of directors may be
increased at any time or from time to time by the stockholders or by the directors by vote of a majority of the directors then in office.  The
number of directors may be decreased to any number permitted by the foregoing at any time either by the stockholders or by the directors
by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, but only to eliminate vacancies existing by reason of the death, resignation or removal
of one or more directors.  Directors need not be stockholders.

3.2.  Tenure.  Except as otherwise provided by law, by the certificate of incorporation or by these by-laws, each director shall
hold office until the next annual meeting and until his successor is elected and qualified, or until he sooner dies, resigns, is removed or
becomes disqualified.

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3.3.  Powers.  The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the board of directors
who shall have and may exercise all the powers of the corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by law, the certificate
of incorporation or these by-laws directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

3.4.  Vacancies.  Vacancies and any newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors may be
filled by vote of the stockholders at a meeting called for the purpose, or by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a
quorum, or by a sole remaining director.  When one or more directors shall resign from the board, effective at a future date, a majority of
the directors then in office, including those who have resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote or action by
writing thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.  The directors shall have and may exercise all
their  powers  notwithstanding  the  existence  of  one  or  more  vacancies  in  their  number,  subject  to  any  requirements  of  law  or  of  the
certificate of incorporation or of these by-laws as to the number of directors required for a quorum or for any vote or other actions.

3.5.  Committees.  The board of directors may, by vote of a majority of the whole board, (a) designate, change the membership of
or terminate the existence of any committee or committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors; (b) designate one or
more directors as alternate members of any such committee who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the
committee; and (c) determine the extent to which each such committee shall have and may exercise the powers of the board of directors in
the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, including the power to authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to
all papers which require it and the power and authority to declare dividends or to authorize the issuance of stock; excepting, however,
such powers which by law, by the certificate of incorporation or by these by-laws they are prohibited from so delegating.  In the absence
or disqualification of any member of such committee and his alternate, if any, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and
not disqualified from voting, whether or not constituting a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to
act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.  Except as the board of directors may otherwise determine, any
committee may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by the board or such rules, its business shall be
conducted as nearly as may be in the same manner as is provided by these by-laws for the conduct of business by the board of directors. 
Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors upon request.

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3.6.  Regular Meetings.  Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without call or notice at such places within or
without the State of Delaware and at such times as the board may from time to time determine, provided that notice of the first regular
meeting following any such determination shall be given to absent directors.  A regular meeting of the directors may be held without call
or notice immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders.

3.7.  Special Meetings.  Special meetings of the board of directors may be held at any time and at any place within or without the
State of Delaware designated in the notice of the meeting, when called by the chairman of the board, if any, the president, or by one-third
or  more  in  number  of  the  directors,  reasonable  notice  thereof  being  given  to  each  director  by  the  secretary  or  by  the  chairman  of  the
board, if any, the president or any one of the directors calling the meeting.

3.8.  Notice.    It  shall  be  reasonable  and  sufficient  notice  to  a  director  to  send  notice  by  mail  at  least  forty-eight  hours  or  by
telegram at least twenty-four hours before the meeting addressed  to  him  at  his  usual  or  last  known  business  or  residence  address  or  to
give notice to him in person or by telephone at least twenty-four hours before the meeting.  Notice of a meeting need not be given to any
director  if  a  written  waiver  of  notice,  executed  by  him  before  or  after  the  meeting,  is  filed  with  the  records  of  the  meeting,  or  to  any
director who attends the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice to him.  Neither notice of a
meeting nor a waiver of a notice need specify the purposes of the meeting.

3.9.  Quorum.    Except  as  may  be  otherwise  provided  by  law,  by  the  certificate  of  incorporation  or  by  these  by-laws,  at  any
meeting of the directors a majority of the directors then in office shall constitute a quorum; a quorum shall not in any case be less than
one-third of the total number of directors constituting the whole board.  Any meeting may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of
the votes cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice.

3.10.  Action by Vote .    Except  as  may  be  otherwise  provided  by  law,  by  the  certificate  of  incorporation  or  by  these  by-laws,

when a quorum is present at any meeting the vote of a majority of the directors present shall be the act of the board of directors.

3.11.  Action Without a Meeting.   Any  action  required  or  permitted  to  be  taken  at  any  meeting  of  the  board  of  directors  or  a
committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all the members of the board or of such committee, as the case may be, consent
thereto in writing, and such writing or writings are filed with the records of the meetings of the board or of such committee.  Such consent
shall be treated for all purposes as the act of the board or of such committee, as the case may be.

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3.12.  Participation in Meetings by Conference Telephone.  Members of the board of directors, or any committee designated by
such  board,  may  participate  in  a  meeting  of  such  board  or  committee  by  means  of  conference  telephone  or  similar  communications
equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other or by any other means permitted by law.  Such
participation shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

3.13.  Compensation.  In the discretion of the board of directors, each director may be paid such fees for his services as director
and be reimbursed for his reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of his duties as director as the board of directors from time to
time may determine.  Nothing contained in this section shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any
other capacity and receiving reasonable compensation therefor.

3.14.  Interested Directors and Officers.

(a)  No contract or transaction between the corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the corporation
and any other corporation, partnership, association, or other organization in which one or more of the corporation’s directors or officers
are  directors  or  officers,  or  have  a  financial  interest,  shall  be  void  or  voidable  solely  for  this  reason,  or  solely  because  the  director  or
officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the board or committee thereof which authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely
because his or their votes are counted for such purpose, if:

(1)  The material facts as to his relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to
the board of directors or the committee, and the board or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative
votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or

(2)  The material facts as to his relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to
the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders;
or

board of directors, a committee thereof, or the stockholders.

(3)  The contract or transaction is fair as to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified, by the

(b)    Common  or  interested  directors  may  be  counted  in  determining  the  presence  of  a  quorum  at  a  meeting  of  the  board  of

directors or of a committee which authorizes the contract or transaction.

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Section 4.  OFFICERS AND AGENTS

4.1.  Enumeration; Qualification.    The  officers  of  the  corporation  shall  be  a  president,  a  treasurer,  a  secretary  and  such  other
officers, if any, as the board of directors from time to time may in its discretion elect or appoint including without limitation a chairman of
the board, one or more vice presidents and a controller.  The corporation may also have such agents, if any, as the board of directors from
time to time may in its discretion choose.  Any officer may be but none need be a director or stockholder.  Any two or more offices may
be held by the same person.  Any officer may be required by the board of directors to secure the faithful performance of his duties to the
corporation by giving bond in such amount and with sureties or otherwise as the board of directors may determine.

4.2.  Powers.  Subject to law, to the certificate of incorporation and to the other provisions of these by-laws, each officer shall
have,  in  addition  to  the  duties  and  powers  herein  set  forth,  such  duties  and  powers  as  are  commonly  incident  to  his  office  and  such
additional duties and powers as the board of directors may from time to time designate.

4.3.  Election.  The officers may be elected by the board of directors at their first meeting following the annual meeting of the
stockholders  or  at  any  other  time.   At  any  time  or  from  time  to  time  the  directors  may  delegate  to  any  officer  their  power  to  elect  or
appoint any other officer or any agents.

4.4.  Tenure.  Each officer shall hold office until the first meeting of the board of directors following the next annual meeting of
the stockholders and until his respective successor is chosen and qualified unless a shorter period shall have been specified by the terms
of his election or appointment, or in each case until he sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified.  Each agent shall retain
his authority at the pleasure of the directors, or the officer by whom he was appointed or by the officer who then holds agent appointive
power.

4.5.  Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Vice President.  The chairman of the board, if any, shall have such duties
and  powers  as  shall  be  designated  from  time  to  time  by  the  board  of  directors.    Unless  the  board  of  directors  otherwise  specifies,  the
chairman  of  the  board,  or  if  there  is  none  the  chief  executive  officer,  shall  preside,  or  designate  the  person  who  shall  preside,  at  all
meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors.

Unless the board of directors otherwise specifies, the president shall be the chief executive officer and shall have direct charge of
all  business  operations  of  the  corporation  and,  subject  to  the  control  of  the  directors,  shall  have  general  charge  and  supervision  of  the
business of the corporation.

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Any vice presidents shall have such duties and powers as shall be set forth in these by-laws or as shall be designated from time to

time by the board of directors or by the president.

4 . 6 .  Treasurer  and Assistant  Treasurers .    Unless  the  board  of  directors  otherwise  specifies,  the  treasurer  shall  be  the  chief
financial officer of the corporation and shall be in charge of its funds and valuable papers, and shall have such other duties and powers as
may be designated from time to time by the board of directors or by the president.  If no controller is elected, the treasurer shall, unless the
board of directors otherwise specifies, also have the duties and powers of the controller.

Any assistant treasurers shall have such duties and powers as shall be designated from time to time by the board of directors, the

president or the treasurer.

4.7.  Controller and Assistant Controllers.  If a controller is elected, he shall, unless the board of directors otherwise specifies, be
the  chief  accounting  officer  of  the  corporation  and  be  in  charge  of  its  books  of  account  and  accounting  records,  and  of  its  accounting
procedures.  He shall have such other duties and powers as may be designated from time to time by the board of directors, the president or
the treasurer.

Any assistant controller shall have such duties and powers as shall be designated from time to time by the board of directors, the

president, the treasurer or the controller.

4.8.  Secretary and Assistant Secretaries.  The secretary shall record all proceedings of the stockholders, of the board of directors
and of committees of the board of directors in a book or series of books to be kept therefor and shall file therein all actions by written
consent of stockholders or directors.  In the absence of the secretary from any meeting, an assistant secretary, or if there be none or he is
absent, a temporary secretary chosen at the meeting, shall record the proceedings thereof.  Unless a transfer agent has been appointed the
secretary  shall  keep  or  cause  to  be  kept  the  stock  and  transfer  records  of  the  corporation,  which  shall  contain  the  names  and  record
addresses of all stockholders and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder.  He shall have such other duties and
powers as may from time to time be designated by the board of directors or the president.

Any assistant secretaries shall have such duties and powers as shall be designated from time to time by the board of directors, the

president or the secretary.

Section 5.  RESIGNATIONS AND REMOVALS

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5.1.  Any director or officer may resign at any time by delivering his resignation in writing to the chairman of the board, if any,
the president, or the secretary or to a meeting of the board of directors.  Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless specified to
be effective at some other time, and without in either case the necessity of its being accepted unless the resignation shall so state.  Except
as otherwise provided by law, or in the certificate of incorporation, a director (including persons elected by directors to fill vacancies in
the board) may be removed from office with or without cause by the vote of the holders of a majority of the shares issued and outstanding
and entitled to vote in the election of directors.  The board of directors may at any time remove any officer either with or without cause. 
The board of directors may at any time terminate or modify the authority of any agent.  No director or officer resigning and (except where
a right to receive compensation shall be expressly provided in a duly authorized written agreement with the corporation) no director or
officer removed shall have any right to any compensation as such director or officer for any period following his resignation or removal,
or any right to damages on account of such removal, whether his compensation be by the month or by the year or otherwise; unless, in the
case of a resignation, the directors, or, in the case of removal, the body acting on the removal, shall in their or its discretion provide for
compensation.

Section 6.  VACANCIES

6.1.  If the office of the president or the treasurer or the secretary becomes vacant, the directors may elect a successor by vote of
a majority of the directors then in office.  If the office of any other officer becomes vacant, any person or body empowered to elect or
appoint  that  officer  may  choose  a  successor.    Each  such  successor  shall  hold  office  for  the  unexpired  term,  and  in  the  case  of  the
president,  the  treasurer  and  the  secretary  until  his  successor  is  chosen  and  qualified  or  in  each  case  until  he  sooner  dies,  resigns,  is
removed or becomes disqualified.  Any vacancy of a directorship shall be filled as specified in Section 3.4 of these by-laws.

Section 7.  CAPITAL STOCK

7.1.  Stock Certificates.  Each stockholder shall be entitled to a certificate stating the number and the class and the designation of
the series, if any, of the shares held by him, in such form as shall, in conformity to law, the certificate of incorporation and the by-laws, be
prescribed from time to time by the board of directors.  Such certificate shall be signed by the chairman or vice chairman of the board, if
any, or the president or a vice president and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer or by the secretary or an assistant secretary.  Any or
all  of  the  signatures  on  the  certificate  may  be  a  facsimile.    In  case  an  officer,  transfer  agent,  or  registrar  who  has  signed  or  whose
facsimile  signature  has  been  placed  on  such  certificate  shall  have  ceased  to  be  such  officer,  transfer  agent,  or  registrar  before  such
certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent, or registrar at the
time of its issue.

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7.2.  Loss of Certificates.    In  the  case  of  the  alleged  theft,  loss,  destruction  or  mutilation  of  a  certificate  of  stock,  a  duplicate
certificate may be issued in place thereof, upon such terms, including receipt of a bond sufficient to indemnify the corporation against any
claim on account thereof, as the board of directors may prescribe.

Section 8.  TRANSFER OF SHARES OF STOCK

8.1.  Transfer  on  Books.    Subject  to  the  restrictions,  if  any,  stated  or  noted  on  the  stock  certificate,  shares  of  stock  may  be
transferred  on  the  books  of  the  corporation  by  the  surrender  to  the  corporation  or  its  transfer  agent  of  the  certificate  therefor  properly
endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment and power of attorney properly executed, with necessary transfer stamps affixed, and
with such proof of the authenticity of signature as the board of directors or the transfer agent of the corporation may reasonably require. 
Except as may be otherwise required by law, by the certificate of incorporation or by these by-laws, the corporation shall be entitled to
treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and
the right to receive notice and to vote or to give any consent with respect thereto and to be held liable for such calls and assessments, if
any,  as  may  lawfully  be  made  thereon,  regardless  of  any  transfer,  pledge  or  other  disposition  of  such  stock  until  the  shares  have  been
properly transferred on the books of the corporation.

It shall be the duty of each stockholder to notify the corporation of his post office address.

8.2.  Record Date and Closing Transfer Books.  In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of
or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall
not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors, and which record date shall not
be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting.  If no such record date is fixed by the board of directors, the
record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business
on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the
day on which the meeting is held.  A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders
shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned
meeting.

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In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting,
the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date
is adopted by the board of directors, and which date shall not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the
record  date  is  adopted  by  the  board  of  directors.    If  no  such  record  date  has  been  fixed  by  the  board  of  directors,  the  record  date  for
determining  stockholders  entitled  to  consent  to  corporate  action  in  writing  without  a  meeting,  when  no  prior  action  by  the  board  of
directors is required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent
setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware by hand
or certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, to its principal place of business or to an officer or agent of the corporation having
custody  of  the  book  in  which  proceedings  of  meetings  of  stockholders  are  recorded.    If  no  record  date  has  been  fixed  by  the  board  of
directors and prior action by the board of directors is required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the record date
for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the
day on which the board of directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or
allotment of any rights or to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other
lawful action, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing
the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than sixty days prior to such payment, exercise or other action.  If no
such record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on
which the board of directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

Section 9.  CORPORATE SEAL

9.1.    Subject  to  alteration  by  the  directors,  the  seal  of  the  corporation  shall  consist  of  a  flat-faced  circular  die  with  the  word
“Delaware” and the name of the corporation cut or engraved thereon, together with such other words, dates or images as may be approved
from time to time by the directors.

Section 10.  EXECUTION OF PAPERS

10.1.  Except as the board of directors may generally or in particular cases authorize the execution thereof in some other manner,
all deeds, leases, transfers, contracts, bonds, notes, checks, drafts or other obligations made, accepted or endorsed by the corporation shall
be signed by the chairman of the board, if any, the president, a vice president or the treasurer.

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Section 11.  FISCAL YEAR

11.1.  The fiscal year of the corporation shall end on the last day of the month of December.

Section 12.  AMENDMENTS

12.1.  These by-laws may be adopted, amended or repealed by vote of a majority of the directors then in office or by vote of a
majority  of  the  stock  outstanding  and  entitled  to  vote.    Any  by-law,  whether  adopted,  amended  or  repealed  by  the  stockholders  or
directors, may be amended or reinstated by the stockholders or the directors.

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FIRST AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

Exhibit 10.8.1

THIS FIRST AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of June 3, 2016 (this “Amendment”), is among

AROTECH CORPORATION (collectively, the “Borrower”), the other Loan Parties party to the Credit Agreement described below and
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. (the “Lender”).

RECITAL

The Borrower, the other Loan Parties and the Lender are parties to a Credit Agreement dated as of March 11, 2016 (as
amended or modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”), and desire to amend the Credit Agreement on the terms and conditions
of this Amendment.

TERMS

In consideration of the premises and of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.  AMENDMENTS.  Upon fulfillment of the conditions set forth in Article III hereof, the Credit Agreement shall be amended
as follows:

1.1

The following definitions are added to Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement:

“FAAC” means FAAC Incorporated, a Michigan corporation.

“First Amendment” means the First Amendment to this Agreement among the parties hereto.

“First Amendment Effective Date” means the date the First Amendment is effective.

1.2

The definition of “Obligation” in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

“Obligations”  means  all  unpaid  principal  of  and  accrued  and  unpaid  interest  on  the  Loans,  all  LC  Exposure,  all  accrued  and
unpaid fees and all expenses, reimbursements, indemnities and other obligations and indebtedness (including interest and fees accruing
during the pendency of any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar proceeding, regardless of whether allowed or allowable
in  such  proceeding),  obligations  and  liabilities  of  the  Loan  Parties  and  their  respective  Subsidiaries  (and  including  any  or  all  of  them
individually or collectively) to the Lender or any indemnified party, individually or collectively, existing on the Effective Date or arising
thereafter,  direct  or  indirect,  joint  or  several,  absolute  or  contingent,  matured  or  unmatured,  liquidated  or  unliquidated,  secured  or
unsecured,  arising  by  contract,  operation  of  law  or  otherwise,  arising  or  incurred  under  this  Agreement  or  any  of  the  other  Loan
Documents or in respect of any of the Loans made or reimbursement or other obligations incurred or any of the Letters of Credit or other
instruments at any time evidencing any thereof.

1.3

The  following  is  added  is  the  end  of  Section  1.03  of  the  Credit Agreement:  “The  parties  hereto  acknowledge  that
under  the  First Amendment  FAAC  has  replaced  the  Borrower  as  the  borrower  of  Term  B  Loan.   Accordingly,  except  as  specifically
modified in Section 2.01(c), Section 2.08(c) and Article IX under the First Amendment, references in this Agreement to “Borrower” when
used in relation to Term B Loan shall be deemed to also include FAAC as determined by the Lender.”

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1.4

Section 2.01(c) of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

(c) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Lender agrees to make a Term B Loan in dollars to FAAC, at

one time on a date on or after the Effective Date but prior to the Term B Draw Expiration Date in an aggregate principal amount not to
exceed the lesser Lender’s Term B Commitment or 80% of the appraised value of the Ann Arbor Real Estate as determined pursuant to an
appraisal satisfactory to the Lender.  Amounts prepaid or repaid in respect of Term B Loans may not be reborrowed.

1.5

Section 2.08(c) of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

(c) FAAC hereby unconditionally promises to pay Term B Loan in consecutive monthly principal payments to the

Lender on the first Business Day of each month, commencing with the first such Business Day after the Term B Draw Expiration Date,
each in the amount of $5,555 (as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section 2.09(d) or 2.16(b)), and the remaining principal balance
of the Term B Loan will shall be paid in full in cash by FAAC on the Term B Maturity Date.

1.6

The following new Section 9.14 is added to the Credit Agreement:

SECTION 9.14.  Other Loan Parties.  All Loan Parties acknowledge and agree that (a) all references in this Article IX to
“Borrower” means each of the Borrower and FAAC, individually and collectively, and (b) all Loan Parties (i) are Loan Guarantors with
respect to all other Loan Parties and (ii) Guarantee, and have granted a security interest and lien under the Collateral Documents to secure,
all  Secured  Obligations  of  each  Loan  Party,  including  without  limitation  Secured  Obligations  of  Borrower  and  FAAC  as  borrowers
hereunder and all other Secured Obligations of each Loan Party.

ARTICLE II.  REPRESENTATIONS.  Each Loan Party represents and warrants to the Lender that:

2.1

The execution, delivery and performance of this Amendment are within its powers, have been duly authorized and

are not in contravention with any law, or the terms of its articles of incorporation or organization (as applicable), by-laws or operating
agreement (as applicable), or any undertaking to which it is a party or by which it is bound.

2.2

The Amendment is the valid and binding obligation of each Loan Party, enforceable against such Borrower in

accordance with its terms.

2.3

After giving effect to the amendments and waivers herein contained, the representations and warranties contained in

the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if made on
and as of the date hereof and no Default has occurred and is continuing.

ARTICLE III.  CONDITIONS OF EFFECTIVENESS.  This Amendment shall be effective as of the date hereof when each of the
following is satisfied:

3.1

Each Loan Party and the Lender shall have executed this Amendment.

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3.2

Each Loan Party shall have delivered to the Lender resolutions approving this Amendment and such other

agreements and documents requested by the Lender.

ARTICLE IV.  MISCELLANEOUS.

4.1

References in the Loan Documents to the Credit Agreement shall be deemed to be references to the Credit

Agreement as amended hereby and as further amended from time to time.  This Amendment is a Loan Document.  Terms used but not
defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Credit Agreement.  Without limiting the foregoing, each of the
Loan Parties acknowledges and agrees that all references to Secured Obligations in any of the Collateral Documents shall be deemed
references to Secured Obligations as such term is amended hereby and as further amended or modified from time to time in accordance
with the Loan Documents.

4.2

Except as expressly amended hereby, each Loan Party agrees that the Loan Documents are ratified and confirmed

and shall remain in full force and effect and that it has no set off, counterclaim, defense or other claim or dispute with respect to any of the
foregoing.

This Amendment may be signed upon any number of counterparts with the same effect as if the signatures thereto
and hereto were upon the same instrument and signatures sent by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be enforceable as originals.

4.3

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Amendment to be executed and delivered as of the day and year first

above written.

AROTECH CORPORATION

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:   Thomas J. Paup
Title:      Sr VP Finance & CFO

FAAC INCORPORATED

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:   Thomas J. Paup
Title:     Treasurer

ELECTRIC FUEL BATTERY CORP.

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:   Thomas J. Paup
Title:     Treasurer

UEC ELECTRONICS, LLC

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:   Thomas J. Paup
Title:     Treasurer

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.

By:   /s/ Kristin Santos
Name:   Kirstin Santos
Title:    Authorized Officer

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Exhibit 10.8.2

SECOND AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

THIS SECOND AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of June 25, 2016 (this “Amendment”), is
among AROTECH CORPORATION (collectively, the “Borrower”), the other Loan Parties party to the Credit Agreement described
below and JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. (the “Lender”).

RECITAL

The Borrower, the other Loan Parties and the Lender are parties to a Credit Agreement dated as of March 11, 2016 (as
amended or modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”), and desire to amend the Credit Agreement on the terms and conditions
of this Amendment.

TERMS

In consideration of the premises and of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I.  AMENDMENTS.  Upon fulfillment of the conditions set forth in Article III hereof, the Credit Agreement shall be amended
as follows:

1.1

Section 5.01(b) of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

(b) within 45 days after the end of each of the first three fiscal quarters of the Borrower, its consolidated balance sheet
and related statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows as of the end of and for such fiscal quarter and the then
elapsed  portion  of  such  fiscal  year,  setting  forth  in  each  case  in  comparative  form  the  figures  for  the  corresponding  period  or
periods of (or, in the case of the balance sheet, as of the end of) the previous fiscal year, all certified by a Finan-cial Officer as
presenting  fairly  in  all  material  respects  the  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  of  the  Borrower  and  its  consolidated
Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis in accordance with GAAP consis-tently applied, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments
and the absence of footnotes;

1.2

Sections 5.01(h) and (i) of the Credit Agreement are restated as follows:

(h)  promptly upon the request of the Lender, copies of all tax returns filed by any Loan Party with the U.S. Internal

Revenue Service;

(i)

promptly upon the request of the Lender, a detailed listing of all intercompany loans made by the Borrower to

any Affiliate during such calendar month;

ARTICLE II.  REPRESENTATIONS.  Each Loan Party represents and warrants to the Lender that:

2.1

The execution, delivery and performance of this Amendment are within its powers, have been duly authorized and

are not in contravention with any law, or the terms of its articles of incorporation or organization (as applicable), by-laws or operating
agreement (as applicable), or any undertaking to which it is a party or by which it is bound.

2.2

The Amendment is the valid and binding obligation of each Loan Party, enforceable against such Borrower in

accordance with its terms.

-1-

2.3

After giving effect to the amendments and waivers herein contained, the representations and warranties contained in

the Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if made on
and as of the date hereof and no Default has occurred and is continuing.

ARTICLE III.  CONDITIONS OF EFFECTIVENESS.  This Amendment shall be effective as of the date hereof when each of the
following is satisfied:

3.1

Each Loan Party and the Lender shall have executed this Amendment.

ARTICLE IV.  MISCELLANEOUS.

4.1

References in the Loan Documents to the Credit Agreement shall be deemed to be references to the Credit

Agreement as amended hereby and as further amended from time to time.  This Amendment is a Loan Document.  Terms used but not
defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Credit Agreement.  Without limiting the foregoing, each of the
Loan Parties acknowledges and agrees that all references to Secured Obligations in any of the Collateral Documents shall be deemed
references to Secured Obligations as such term is amended hereby and as further amended or modified from time to time in accordance
with the Loan Documents.

4.2

Except as expressly amended hereby, each Loan Party agrees that the Loan Documents are ratified and confirmed

and shall remain in full force and effect and that it has no set off, counterclaim, defense or other claim or dispute with respect to any of the
foregoing.

This Amendment may be signed upon any number of counterparts with the same effect as if the signatures thereto
and hereto were upon the same instrument and signatures sent by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be enforceable as originals.

4.3

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Amendment to be executed and delivered as of the day and year first

above written.

AROTECH CORPORATION

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:   Thomas J. Paup
Title:      Sr VP Finance & CFO

FAAC INCORPORATED

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:   Thomas J. Paup
Title:     Treasurer

ELECTRIC FUEL BATTERY CORP.

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:   Thomas J. Paup
Title:     Treasurer

UEC ELECTRONICS, LLC

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:   Thomas J. Paup
Title:     Treasurer

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.

By:   /s/ Kristin Santos
Name:   Kirstin Santos
Title:    Authorized Officer

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THIRD AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

Exhibit 10.8.3

EXECUTION VERSION

THIS THIRD AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT, dated as of June 1, 2017 (this “ Amendment”), is among AROTECH
CORPORATION (collectively, the “Borrower”), the other Loan Parties party to the Credit Agreement described below and  JPMORGAN
CHASE BANK, N.A. (the “Lender”).

RECITAL

The Borrower, the other Loan Parties and the Lender are parties to a Credit Agreement dated as of March 11, 2016, as amended by
a certain First Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of, and as further amended by a certain Second Amendment to Credit Agreement
dated as of June 25, 2016 (as may be further amended or modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”), and desire to amend the
Credit Agreement on the terms and conditions of this Amendment.

TERMS

In consideration of the premises and of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I           AMENDMENTS.  Upon fulfillment of the conditions set forth in Article III hereof, the Credit Agreement shall be
amended as follows:

1.1          The following definitions are added to Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement:

Ann Arbor, MI 48108.

“Oak Valley Real Estate” means the Real Property owned by FAAC and commonly known as 1229 Oak Valley Drive,

“Term  C  Commitment”  means  the  commitment  of  the  Lender  to  make  a  Term  C  Loan,  expressed  as  an  amount
representing  the  maximum  principal  amount  of  the  Term  C  Loan  to  be  made  by  the  Lender.    The  amount  of  the  Lender’s  Term  C
Commitment on the Third Amendment Effective Date is $1,358,000.

Section 2.01(d); and (b) June 30, 2017.

“Term C Draw Expiration Date ” means the earlier of (a) the date upon which the Term C Loan is advanced pursuant to

“Term C Loan” means the Loan made pursuant to Section 2.01(d).

“Term C Maturity Date” means June 1, 2024.

“Third Amendment” means the Third Amendment to this Agreement among the parties hereto.

“Third Amendment Effective Date” means the date the Third Amendment is effective.

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1.2          The following definitions in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement are amended and restated as follows:

“Applicable  Rate”  means,  for  any  day,  with  respect  to  any  Loan,  or  with  respect  to  the  commitment  fees  payable
hereunder, as the case may be, the applicable rate per annum set forth below under the caption “Revolving Commitment CBFR Spread”,
“Revolving  Commitment  Eurodollar  Spread”  “Term A  Loan  CBFR  Spread”,  “Term A  Loan  Eurodollar  Spread”,  “Term  B  Loan  CBFR
Spread”,  “Term  B  Loan  Eurodollar  Spread”,  “Term  C  Loan  CBFR  Spread”,  “Term  C  Loan  Eurodollar  Spread”,  or  “Commitment  Fee
Rate”,  as  the  case  may  be,  based  upon  the  Borrower’s  Leverage  Ratio  as  of  the  most  recent  determination  date, provided  that  until  the
delivery to the Lender, pursuant to Section 5.01, of the Borrower’s consolidated financial information for the Borrower’s first fiscal quarter
ending after the Effective Date, the “Applicable Rate” shall be the applicable rates per annum set forth (all numbers are in basis points)
below in Category IV:

Term A, B and C 
Loan
CBFR Spread

Term A, B and C Loan
Eurodollar Spread

Commitment Fee
Rate

Leverage
Ratio

Category I
< 2.00:1.00

Category II
≥  2.00:1.00
  but
< 2.50:1.00

Category III
≥  2.50:1.00
  but
< 3.00:1.00

Category IV
≥ 3.00:1.00

Revolving
Commitment
CBFR Spread

0

25

50

75

Revolving
Commitment
Eurodollar
 Spread
175

200

250

25

50

75

300

100

200

225

275

325

25

30

35

40

For purposes of the foregoing, (a) the Applicable Rate shall be determined as of the end of each fiscal quarter of the Borrower,
based upon the Borrower’s annual or quarterly consolidated financial statements delivered pursuant to Section 5.01 and (b) each change in
the Applicable Rate resulting from a change in the Leverage Ratio shall be effective during the period commencing on and including the
scheduled  date  the  delivery  to  the  Lender  of  such  consolidated  financial  statements  indicating  such  change  and  ending  on  the  date
immediately preceding the effective date of the next such change, provided that, at the option of the Lender, if the Borrower fails to deliver
the annual or quarterly consolidated financial statements required to be delivered by it pursuant to Section 5.01, the Leverage Ratio shall be
deemed  to  be  in  Category  IV  during  the  period  from  the  expiration  of  the  time  for  delivery  thereof  until  such  consolidated  financial
statements are delivered.

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If at any time the Lender determines that the financial statements upon which the Applicable Rate was determined were incorrect
(whether based on a restatement, fraud or otherwise), the Borrower shall be required to retroactively pay any additional amount that the
Borrower would have been required to pay if such financial statements had been accurate at the time they were delivered.

“Class”, when used in reference to (a) any Loan or Borrowing, refers to whether such Loan, or the Loans comprising such
Borrowing, are Revolving Loans, a Term A Loan, a Term B Loan, or a Term C Loan and (b) any Commitment, refers to whether such
Commitment is a Revolving Commitment, a Term A Commitment, a Term B Commitment, or a Term C Commitment.

“Interest Payment Date” means (a) with respect to any CBFR Loan, the first Business Day of each calendar month and
the Revolving Credit Maturity Date, the Term A Maturity Date, the Term B Maturity Date, or the Term C Maturity Date as applicable, and
(b) with respect to any Eurodollar Loan, the last day of the Interest Period applicable to the Borrowing of which such Loan is a part and, in
the  case  of  a  Eurodollar  Borrowing  with  an  Interest  Period  of  more  than  three  months’  duration,  each  day  prior  to  the  last  day  of  such
Interest Period that occurs at intervals of three months’ duration after the first day of such Interest Period and the Revolving Credit Maturity
Date, the Term A Maturity Date, the Term B Maturity Date, or the Term C Maturity Date, as applicable.

“Term  B  Commitment”  means  the  commitment  of  the  Lender  to  make  a  Term  B  Loan,  expressed  as  an  amount
representing  the  maximum  principal  amount  of  the  Term  B  Loan  to  be  made  by  the  Lender.    The  amount  of  the  Lender’s  Term  B
Commitment on the Third Amendment Effective Date is $1,730,895.

“Term B Draw Expiration Date ” means the earlier of (a) the date upon which the Term B Loan is advanced pursuant to

Section 2.01(c), and (b) May 31, 2017.

“Term B Maturity Date” means June 1, 2024.

“Term Commitments” means the Term A Commitment, the Term B Commitment and the Term C Commitment.

“Term Loans” means the Term A Loan, the Term B Loan and the Term C Loan.

1.3          Section 2.01(c) of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

( c )           Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Lender agrees to make a Term B Loan in dollars to
FAAC,  at  one  time  on  a  date  on  or  after  the  Third Amendment  Effective  Date  but  prior  to  the  Term  B  Draw  Expiration  Date,  in  an
aggregate  principal  amount,  including  the  principal  amount  outstanding  as  Term  Loan  B  immediately  prior  to  the  Third  Amendment
Effective Date, not to exceed the lesser of the Lender’s Term B Commitment or 70% of the appraised value of the Ann Arbor Real Estate
as  determined  pursuant  to  an  appraisal  satisfactory  to  the  Lender. Amounts  prepaid  or  repaid  in  respect  of  Term  B  Loans  may  not  be
borrowed. The principal amount of Term Loan B outstanding immediately prior to the Third Amendment Effective Date shall constitute
usage of the Term B Commitment (as modified by the Third Amendment) and shall continue to a portion of Term Loan B on and after the
Third Amendment Effective Date.   The Third Amendment is not a novation of the portion of the Term Loan B outstanding immediately
prior to the Third Amendment Effective Date.

-3-

1.4          The following new Section 2.01(d) is added to the Credit Agreement:

( d )          Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Lender agrees to make a Term C Loan in dollars to
FAAC,  at  one  time  on  a  date  on  or  after  the  Third Amendment  Effective  Date  but  prior  to  the  Term  C  Draw  Expiration  Date  in  an
aggregate principal amount not to exceed the lesser of the Lender’s Term C Commitment or 70% of the appraised value of the Oak Valley
Real Estate as determined pursuant to an appraisal satisfactory to the Lender.  Amounts prepaid or repaid in respect of Term C Loans may
not be borrowed.

1.5          Section 2.02(d) of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

(d)          Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Borrower shall not be entitled to request, or to elect
to convert or continue, any Borrowing if the Interest Period requested with respect thereto would end after the Revolving Credit Maturity
Date, the Term A Maturity Date, the Term B Maturity Date or the Term C Maturity Date, as applicable.

1.6          Section 2.07(a) of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

(a)          Unless previously terminated, (i) the Term A Commitment shall terminate at 5:00 p.m., Detroit time, on the
Effective  Date,  (ii)  the  Term  B  Commitment  shall  terminate  on  the  Term  B  Draw  Expiration  Date,  (iii)  the  Term  C  Commitment  shall
terminate  on  the  Term  C  Draw  Expiration  Date,  and  (iv)  the  Revolving  Commitment  shall  termi-nate  on  the  Revolving  Credit  Maturity
Date.

1.7          Section 2.08 of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

Revolving Loan on the Revolving Credit Maturity Date.

(a)          The Borrower hereby unconditionally promises to pay the Lender the then unpaid principal amount of each

(b)          The Borrower hereby unconditionally promises to pay Term A Loan in consecutive monthly principal payments

to the Lender on the first Business Day of each month, commencing with the first Business Day of May, 2016, in the following amounts
(as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section 2.09(d) or 2.16(b)): (i) the first twelve (12) monthly principal payments will each be in
the amount of $83,333.33, (ii) the next thirty six (36) monthly principal payments will each be in the amount of $166,666.67, (iii) the next
eleven (11) monthly principal payments will each be in the amount of $250,000, and (iv) the remaining principal balance of the Term A
Loan will shall be paid in full in cash by the Borrower on the Term A Maturity Date.

(c)          FAAC hereby unconditionally promises to pay the Term B Loan in consecutive monthly principal payments to
the Lender on the first Business Day of each month, commencing with the first such Business Day after the Term B Draw Expiration Date,
in the total amount of $7,212.00 (as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section 2.09(d) or 2.16(b)), and the remaining principal balance
of the Term B Loan shall be paid in full in cash by FAAC on the Term B Maturity Date.

-4-

(d)          FAAC hereby unconditionally promises to pay the Term C Loan in consecutive monthly principal payments to
the Lender on the first Business Day of each month, commencing with the first such Business Day after the Term C Draw Expiration Date,
in the total amount of 5,660.00 (as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section 2.09(d) or 2.16(b)), and the remaining principal balance
of the Term C Loan shall be paid in full in cash by FAAC on the Term C Maturity Date.

(e)          Prior to any repayment of any Term Loan Borrowings of any Class under this Section, the Borrower shall select

the Borrowing or Borrowings of the applicable Class to be repaid and shall notify the Lender by telephone (confirmed by fax) of such
selection not later than 11:00 a.m., Detroit time, three (3) Business Days before the scheduled date of such repayment.  Each repayment of
a Term Loan Borrowing shall be applied ratably to the Loans included in the repaid Term Loan Borrowing.  Repayments of Term Loan
Borrowings shall be accompanied by accrued interest on the amounts repaid.

(f)           The Lender shall maintain in accordance with its usual practice an account or accounts evidencing the

Indebtedness of the Borrower to the Lender resulting from each Loan made by the Lender, including the amounts of principal and interest
payable and paid to the Lender from time to time hereunder.

(g)          The Lender shall maintain accounts in which it shall record (i) the amount of each Loan made hereunder, the

Class and Type thereof and the Interest Period applicable thereto, if any, (ii) the amount of any principal or interest due and payable or to
become due and payable from the Borrower to each Lender hereunder and (iii) the amount of any sum received by the Lender hereunder.

(h)          The entries made in the accounts maintained pursuant to paragraph (f) and (g) of this Section shall be prima facie
evidence of the existence and amounts of the obligations recorded therein; provided that the failure of the Lender to maintain such accounts
or any error therein shall not in any manner affect the obligation of the Borrower to repay the Loans in accordance with the terms of this
Agreement.

(i)           The Lender may request that Loans made by it be evidenced by a promissory note.  In such event, the Borrower
shall prepare, execute and deliver to the Lender a promissory note payable to the order of the Lender (or, if requested by the Lender, to the
Lender and its registered assigns) and in a form approved by the Lender.  Thereafter, the Loans evidenced by such promissory note and
interest thereon shall at all times (including after assignment pursuant to Section 8.04) be represented by one or more promissory notes in
such form payable to the order of the payee named therein (or, if such promissory note is a registered note, to such payee and its registered
assigns).

1.8          Section 4.03 of the Credit Agreement is restated as follows:

Section 4.03.  Term Loan C Funding.  In addition to the satisfaction of all conditions in Section 4.01, the obligation of the
Lender  to  make  the  Term  C  Loan  shall  not  become  effective  until  the  date  on  which  each  of  the  following  conditions  are  satisfied  (or
waived in accordance with Section 8.02;

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(a)          Environmental Reports.  The Lender shall have received environmental review reports with respect to the owned

real properties of the Borrower and its Subsidiaries specified by the Lender from firm(s) satisfactory to the Lender, which review reports
shall be acceptable to the Lender.  Any environmental hazards or liabilities identified in any such environmental review reports shall
indicate the Loan Parties’ plans with respect thereto.

required to be subject to a Lien in favor of the Lender, each of the following, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Lender:

(b)          Mortgages, etc.  The Lender shall have received, with respect to each owned parcel of real property which is

(i)               Mortgage on such property;

(ii)              evidence that a counterpart of the Mortgage has been recorded in the place necessary, in the
Lender’s judgment, to create a valid and enforceable first priority Lien in favor of the Lender, for the benefit of the Secured Parties;

(iii)             ALTA or other mortgagee’s title policy;

(iv)             an ALTA survey prepared and certified to the Lender by a surveyor acceptable to the Lender;

substance and from counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Lender;

(v)              an opinion of counsel in the state in which such parcel of real property is located in form and

(vi)             if any such parcel of real property is determined by the Lender to be in a flood zone, a flood
notification form signed by the Borrower and evidence that flood insurance is in place for the building and contents, all in form and
substance satisfactory to the Lender;

and in form and substance satisfactory to the Lender;

(vii)            a current appraisal of the real property prepared by an appraiser reasonably acceptable to the Lender,

acceptable to the Lender, and accompanied by such reports, certificates, studies or data as Lender may reasonably require, which shall all
be in form and substance satisfactory to the Lender; and

(viii)           an environmental assessment of the real property prepared by an environmental engineer reasonably

Lender.

(ix)              such other information, documentation, and certifications as may be reasonably required by the

1.9          The following new Section 4.04 is added to the Credit Agreement:

to issue, amend, renew or extend any Letter of Credit, is also subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:

Section 4.04. Each Credit Event. The obligation of the Lender to make any Loan on the occasion of any Borrowing, and

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(a)          The representations and warranties of the Loan Parties set forth in the Loan Documents shall be true and correct

in all material respects with the same effect as though made on and as of the date of such Borrowing or the date of issuance, amendment,
renewal or extension of such Letter of Credit, as applicable (it being understood and agreed that any representation or warranty which by its
terms is made as of a specified date shall be required to be true and correct in all material respects only as of such specified date, and that
any representation or warranty which is subject to any materiality qualifier shall be required to be true and correct in all respects).

extension of such Letter of Credit, as applicable, no Default shall have occurred and be continuing.

(b)          At the time of and immediately after giving effect to such Borrowing or the issuance, amendment, renewal or

Availability shall not be less than zero.

(c)          After giving effect to any Borrowing or the issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of any Letter of Credit,

Material Adverse Effect.

(d)          No event shall have occurred and no condition shall exist which has or could be reasonably expected to have a

Each Borrowing and each issuance, amendment, renewal or extension of a Letter of Credit shall be deemed to constitute a
representation and warranty by the Borrower on the date thereof as to the matters specified in paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) of this Section.

ARTICLE II          REPRESENTATIONS.  Each Loan Party represents and warrants to the Lender that:

2.1          The execution, delivery and performance of this Amendment are within its powers, have been duly authorized and are

not in contravention with any law, or the terms of its articles of incorporation or organization (as applicable), by-laws or operating
agreement (as applicable), or any undertaking to which it is a party or by which it is bound.

2.2          The Amendment is the valid and binding obligation of each Loan Party, enforceable against such Borrower in

accordance with its terms.

2.3          After giving effect to the amendments and waivers herein contained, the representations and warranties contained in the
Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if made on and as
of the date hereof and no Default has occurred and is continuing.

ARTICLE III        CONDITIONS OF EFFECTIVENESS.  This Amendment shall be effective as of the date hereof when each of the
following is satisfied:

3.1          Each Loan Party and the Lender shall have executed this Amendment.

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3.2          Closing Certificates; Certified Certificate of Incorporation; Good Standing Certificates .  The Lender shall have received
(i) a certificate of FAAC, dated the Third Amendment Effective Date and executed by its Secretary or Assistant Secretary, which shall (A)
certify the resolutions of its Board of Directors, members or other body authorizing the execution, delivery and performance of the Loan
Documents to which it is a party, (B) identify by name and title and bear the signatures of the officers of such Loan Party authorized to sign
the Loan Documents to which it is a party and, in the case of the Borrower, its Financial Officers, and (C) contain appropriate attachments,
including the charter, articles or certificate of organization or incorporation of each Loan Party certified by the relevant authority of the
jurisdiction of organization of such Loan Party and a true and correct copy of its bylaws or operating, management or partnership
agreement, or other organizational or governing documents (or a certification that such attachments have not changed since March 11,
2016), and (ii) a good standing certificate for FAAC from its jurisdiction of organization (or a certification that FAAC has been in good
standing since March 11, 2016).

3.3          Fees.  The Lender shall have received all fees required to be paid, and all expenses required to be reimbursed for which
invoices have been presented (including the reasonable fees and expenses of legal counsel), on or before the Third Amendment Effective
Date.  All such amounts will be paid with proceeds of Loans made on the Third Amendment Effective Date and will be reflected in the
funding instructions given by the Borrower to the Lender on or before the Third Amendment Effective Date.

3.4          Lien Searches.  The Lender shall have received the results of a recent lien search in the jurisdiction of organization of

each Loan Party and each jurisdiction where assets of the Loan Parties are located, and such search shall reveal no Liens on any of the
assets of the Loan Parties except for liens permitted by Section 6.02 of the Credit Agreement or discharged on or prior to the Third
Amendment Effective Date pursuant to a pay-off letter or other documentation satisfactory to the Lender.

3.5          Insurance.  The Lender shall have received evidence of insurance coverage in form, scope, and substance reasonably

satisfactory to the Lender and otherwise in compliance with the terms of Section 5.10 of the Credit Agreement and the Collateral
Documents.

3.6          Legal Due Diligence. The Lender and its counsel shall have completed all legal due diligence, the results of which shall

be satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion.

3.7          Other Documents.  The Lender shall have received such other documents as the Lender or its counsel may have

reasonably requested.

ARTICLE IV        MISCELLANEOUS.

4.1          References in the Loan Documents to the Credit Agreement shall be deemed to be references to the Credit Agreement as
amended hereby and as further amended from time to time.  This Amendment is a Loan Document.  Terms used but not defined herein shall
have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Credit Agreement.  Without limiting the foregoing, each of the Loan Parties
acknowledges and agrees that all references to Secured Obligations in any of the Collateral Documents shall be deemed references to
Secured Obligations as such term is amended hereby and as further amended or modified from time to time in accordance with the Loan
Documents.

4.2          Except as expressly amended hereby, each Loan Party agrees that the Loan Documents are ratified and confirmed and

shall remain in full force and effect and that it has no set off, counterclaim, defense or other claim or dispute with respect to any of the
foregoing.

4.3          This Amendment may be signed upon any number of counterparts with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and

hereto were upon the same instrument and signatures sent by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be enforceable as originals.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank – Signature Page Follows ]

-8-

IN  WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the  parties  have  caused  this Amendment  to  be  executed  and  delivered  as  of  the  day  and  year  first

above written.

AROTECH CORPORATION

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup

Name:   Thomas J. Paup

Title:     Sr VP Finance & CFO

FAAC INCORPORATED

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup

Name:   Thomas J. Paup

Title:     Treasurer

ELECTRIC FUEL BATTERY CORP.

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup

Name:   Thomas J. Paup

Title:    Treasurer

UEC ELECTRONICS, LLC

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup

Name:   Thomas J. Paup

Title:     Treasurer

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.

By:   /s/ Michelle L. Montague

Name:   Michelle L. Montague

Title:     Vice President

Signature Page to Third Amendment to Credit Agreement

-9-

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FOURTH AMENDMENT TO CREDIT AGREEMENT

Exhibit 10.8.4

EXECUTION VERSION

THIS  FOURTH  AMENDMENT  TO  CREDIT  AGREEMENT,  dated  as  of  June  20,  2017  (this  “ Amendment”),  is  among
AROTECH CORPORATION (collectively, the “Borrower”), the other Loan Parties party to the Credit Agreement described below and
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. (the “Lender”).

RECITAL

The Borrower, the other Loan Parties and the Lender are parties to a Credit Agreement dated as of March 11, 2016, as amended
by a certain First Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of, as further amended by a certain Second Amendment to Credit Agreement
dated as of June 25, 2016, and as further amended by a certain Third Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of June 1, 2017 (as may
be further amended or modified from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”), and desire to amend the Credit Agreement on the terms and
conditions of this Amendment.

TERMS

In consideration of the premises and of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereby agree as follows:

ARTICLE I           AMENDMENTS.  Upon fulfillment of the conditions set forth in Article III hereof, the Credit Agreement shall be
amended as follows:

1.1          The following definition in Section 1.01 of the Credit Agreement is amended and restated as follows:

“Eligible Unbilled Accounts” means, at any time, those obligations owing to any Loan Party which would constitute an
Eligible Account but for the fact that an invoice has not been sent by such Loan Party; provided that each of the following conditions is
also satisfied for each such obligation:  (a) such obligation is covered under a written work order or other agreement between such Loan
Party and the Person owing such obligation, including price verification, which is binding and enforceable on such Person to pay such
obligation if it was invoiced at such time, (b) such obligation has not been classified as an Eligible Unbilled Account for more than 60
days, and (c) such obligation is not excluded from Eligible Unbilled Accounts at any time by the Administrative Agent in its Permitted
Discretion.

ARTICLE II          REPRESENTATIONS.  Each Loan Party represents and warrants to the Lender that:

2.1          The execution, delivery and performance of this Amendment are within its powers, have been duly authorized and are

not in contravention with any law, or the terms of its articles of incorporation or organization (as applicable), by-laws or operating
agreement (as applicable), or any undertaking to which it is a party or by which it is bound.

 
2.2          The Amendment is the valid and binding obligation of each Loan Party, enforceable against such Borrower in

accordance with its terms.

2.3          After giving effect to the amendments and waivers herein contained, the representations and warranties contained in the
Credit Agreement and the other Loan Documents are true on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if made on and as
of the date hereof and no Default has occurred and is continuing.

ARTICLE III         CONDITIONS OF EFFECTIVENESS.  This Amendment shall be effective as of the date hereof when each of the
following is satisfied:

3.1           Each Loan Party and the Lender shall have executed this Amendment.

ARTICLE IV        MISCELLANEOUS.

4.1           References in the Loan Documents to the Credit Agreement shall be deemed to be references to the Credit Agreement
as amended hereby and as further amended from time to time.  This Amendment is a Loan Document.  Terms used but not defined herein
shall have the respective meanings ascribed thereto in the Credit Agreement.  Without limiting the foregoing, each of the Loan Parties
acknowledges and agrees that all references to Secured Obligations in any of the Collateral Documents shall be deemed references to
Secured Obligations as such term is amended hereby and as further amended or modified from time to time in accordance with the Loan
Documents.

4.2           Except as expressly amended hereby, each Loan Party agrees that the Loan Documents are ratified and confirmed and

shall remain in full force and effect and that it has no set off, counterclaim, defense or other claim or dispute with respect to any of the
foregoing.

4.3          This Amendment may be signed upon any number of counterparts with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and

hereto were upon the same instrument and signatures sent by facsimile or other electronic imaging shall be enforceable as originals.

[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank – Signature Page Follows ]

IN  WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the  parties  have  caused  this Amendment  to  be  executed  and  delivered  as  of  the  day  and  year  first

above written.

AROTECH CORPORATION

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup

Name:   Thomas J. Paup

Title:   Sr VP Finance & CFO

FAAC INCORPORATED

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup

Name:   Thomas J. Paup

Title:   Treasurer

ELECTRIC FUEL BATTERY CORP.

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup

Name:   Thomas J. Paup

Title:   Treasurer

UEC ELECTRONICS, LLC

By:   /s/ Thomas J. Paup

Name:   Thomas J. Paup

Title:   Treasurer

JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.

By:   /s/ Michelle L. Montague

Name:    Michelle L. Montague

Title:   Vice President

Signature Page to Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 10.13.1

Arotech Corporation

1229 Oak Valley Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108
Tel:  (734) 761-5836   Fax:  (734) 761-5368
http://www.arotech.com
Nasdaq Global Market: ARTX

Jon B. Kutler
Chairman of the Board

VIA EMAIL
krutty@arotechusa.com

Mr. Dean Krutty
8025 Trillium Lane
Canton, Michigan 48187

Dear Dean:

August 30, 2017

Re:

Employment Agreement dated March 16, 2017

In connection with your Employment Agreement with Arotech Corporation dated March 16, 2017 (the “Agreement”), we wish to
amend the Agreement in certain respects. All capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to
such terms in the Agreement.

1.

Notwithstanding the terms of Section 5 of the Agreement, the time period for giving written notice of Non-
Renewal shall be forty-five (45) days prior to the end of the Initial Term and not one hundred twenty (120) days
prior thereto.

In all other respects, the terms of the Agreement will govern the relationship between us.

If the foregoing is acceptable to you, kindly sign this letter in the space provided for your signature below, whereupon this letter

will become a binding amendment to the Agreement.

Sincerely yours,

AROTECH CORPORATION

By:

  /s/ Jon B. Kutler                                    
Jon B. Kutler
Chairman of the Board

ACCEPTED AND AGREED:

/s/ Dean M. Krutty
Dean M. Krutty

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT

Exhibit 10.17

THIS PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT  (the “Agreement”) is made as of this 1st day of May, 2017 (the “Effective
Date”) by and between FAAC INCORPORATED, a Michigan corporation (“Purchaser”) and OAK VALLEY 1229, LLC, a Michigan
limited liability company (“Seller”).

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS,  Seller  is  the  owner  of  a  parcel  of  land  of  approximately  2.46  acres  improved  with  a  certain  one  story  building
containing  approximately  17,200  square  feet  of  space  commonly  known  as  1229  Oak  Valley  Drive, Ann Arbor,  Washtenaw  County,
Michigan; and

WHEREAS, Purchaser desires to purchase the Property (as hereinafter defined) from Seller, upon the terms and conditions as set

forth in this Agreement; and

WHEREAS, Seller desires to sell the Property to Purchaser, upon the terms and conditions as set forth in this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of TEN DOLLARS ($10.00) and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and
sufficiency  of  which  are  hereby  acknowledged,  and  the  foregoing  recitals,  which  are  incorporated  herein  by  this  reference,  Seller  and
Purchaser agree as follows:

1 .       Sale of Property.    Seller  agrees  to  sell  to  Purchaser  and  Purchaser  agrees  to  purchase  from  Seller,  the  Real  Property,

Personal Property, Permits, Warranties and Plans (as each such term is defined herein, collectively, the “Property”):

1 . 1        Real Property.  The parcel of land and appurtenant easements or other rights more particularly described on
Exhibit A  attached  hereto  (collectively,  the  “ Land”),  including,  without  limitation,  all  easements  necessary  to  provide  pedestrian  and
vehicular access to publicly dedicated streets from each driveway on the Land, together with (i) all building structures, improvements and
fixtures  located  on  the  Land,  including,  without  limitation,  all  heating,  lighting,  plumbing,  electrical  and  air-conditioning  fixtures
(collectively,  the  “ Improvements”),  and  (ii)  all  easements,  air,  mineral  and  riparian  rights,  all  development  rights  and  all  rights,
privileges, servitudes and appurtenances thereunto belonging or appertaining, including all right, title and interest of Seller, if any, in and
to the streets, alleys and rights-of-way adjacent to the Land and the Improvements (collectively, the “Real Property”).

1 . 2        Personal Property.  Any fixtures, personalty,  equipment,  personal  property,  landscaping  equipment  and  all
heating,  lighting,  plumbing,  electrical  and  air‑conditioning  fixtures  and  equipment,  owned  by  Seller  and  situated  in  or  about  the  Real
Property and used in the operation of the Property (the “Personal Property”).

the extent such Permits are assignable.

1 . 3        Permits.  Any licenses, permits, certificates of occupancy and franchises for the Property (the “ Permits”), to

1

 
 
1 . 4        Warranties.    Seller’s  interests  in  all  unexpired  warranties  and  guaranties,  if  any,  given  to,  assigned  to  or
benefiting Seller or the Real Property or the Personal Property regarding the acquisition, construction, design, use, operation, management
or maintenance of the Real Property or the Personal Property (the “Warranties”).

1 . 5        Plans.  All plans and specifications, if any, in Seller’s possession or control, relating to the construction of the

Improvements (the “Plans”).

2.       Purchase Price.

2 . 1        Purchase Price.  Purchaser shall pay to Seller, as consideration for the purchase of the Property, the sum of
TWO MILLION FIFTY THOUSAND AND NO/100THS DOLLARS ($2,050,000.00) (the “ Purchase Price”).  The Purchase Price, plus
or minus prorations and other adjustments as provided in this Agreement, if any, shall be due at Closing and shall be paid by wire transfer
of immediately available funds paid to Seller on the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined).

3.       Earnest Money.  Within five (5) business days after the Effective Date, Purchaser is depositing with Seller, in escrow, the
sum of Fifty Thousand and no/100 Dollars ($50,000.00) (the “Earnest Money”), in good funds, either by certified bank or cashier’s check
or  by  federal  wire  transfer.    Seller  shall  hold  the  Earnest  Money  in  a  non-interest-bearing  account  in  accordance  with  the  terms  and
conditions hereof. In the event that Purchaser does not terminate this Agreement under paragraph 4 hereof by May 15, 2017, except as
otherwise provided in paragraph 11 below, TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND DOLLARS ($25,000.00) of the Earnest Money shall be non-
refundable to Purchaser and shall be retained by Seller.  In the event that this transaction fails to close for any reason, TWENTY-FIVE
THOUSAND DOLLARS ($25,000.00) of the Earnest Money shall be refunded to Purchaser.

4.       Investigation Period.

4 . 1        Investigation.    No  later  than  five  (5)  days  after  the  Effective  Date,  Seller  shall  deliver  to  Purchaser  the
following  documents  to  the  extent  in  the  possession  of  Seller:  (i)  all  plans  and  specifications  for  the  Property,  including,  without
limitation, the most recent ALTA survey of the Property or any other survey of the Property, if any; (ii) any previous title reports and
legible copies of all exceptions thereto, if any; (iii) any environmental reports, soil test reports, soil boring reports of the Property, and, at
Purchaser’s  option,  Seller  shall  cooperate  with  Purchaser  to  have  any  such  reports  certified  to  Purchaser;  (iv)  any  physical  inspection
reports of the Property, and, at Purchaser’s option, Seller shall cooperate with Purchaser to have any such reports certified to Purchaser;
(v)  any  letters  or  orders  from  the  applicable  municipality  for  the  Property  relating  to  violations  at  the  Property;  (viii)  copies  of  any
Warranties including, without limitation, any roof, construction and HVAC warranties; and (ix) copies of any Permits including, without
limitation, all certificates of occupancy. In addition, Seller shall promptly deliver to Purchaser all other documents in Seller’s possession
reasonably requested by Purchaser. Purchaser shall have until May 15, 2017 (herein, the “Investigation Period”) in which to undertake
the following tests and studies which Purchaser, in its sole discretion, deems necessary to determine the feasibility of its acquisition: make
soil, ground water, environmental and engineering tests, inspect and audit the Property and records of Seller with respect thereto for

2

such purposes as Purchaser may require in order for Purchaser to ascertain, in its reasonable discretion, that the environmental condition of
the Real Property is satisfactory, that the soil condition of the Real Property is satisfactory, and that the Real Property is not located in a
flood hazard or wetlands area as designated by any governmental authority. Seller shall cooperate with Purchaser in the performance of its
due  diligence.  If  during  the  Investigation  Period  Purchaser  elects  not  to  proceed  with  the  transaction  contemplated  herein  because  it
reasonably determined that the condition of the Real Property does not meet the requirements of this paragraph 4.1 or it is dissatisfied
with the state of title to the Real Property or items shown on the Survey (as hereinafter defined), Purchaser may terminate this Agreement
by notifying Seller in writing of such election and receive a refund of the Earnest Money.  Purchaser shall notify Seller, on or before the
expiration of the Investigation Period, whether it desires to proceed with this transaction. A failure to so notify Seller on or before the
expiration  of  the  Investigation  Period  shall  be  deemed  as  notice  to  Seller  that  Purchaser  is  satisfied  with  its  investigation  of  the  Real
Property and that it waives this condition precedent to Closing.

5.       Title Requirements, Survey and Permitted Exceptions.

5.1        Title Evidence.  Within ten (10) days after the Effective Date, Purchaser shall cause Title Source, Inc., as agent
for Fidelity National Title Insurance Company (the “Title Company”), having its office at 201 West Big Beaver Road, Suite 160, Troy,
Michigan,  48084-4169,  Attention:  Robert  Powell,  telephone  (313)  877-1776,  to  furnish  to  Purchaser  an  ALTA  Form  B  owner’s
commitment  for  title  insurance  (the  “Title Commitment”)  covering  the  Real  Property  (together  with  legible  copies  of  the  exception
documents referenced therein) pursuant to which Title Commitment the Title Company shall agree to issue to Purchaser, upon the Closing
of the purchase of the Property, an ALTA owner’s title insurance policy for the Property in the amount of the Purchase Price, without
exception for any matters except as described in this Article 5 (the “Buyer’s Title Policy”).

updated survey of the Real Property in accordance with current ALTA standards (the “Survey”).

5 . 2        Survey.  Within twenty (20) days after the Effective Date, Seller shall furnish to Purchaser a new survey or

5 . 3        Objections;  Cure  of  Title  and  Survey  Objections.    On  or  before  ten  (10)  days  after  receipt  of  the  Title
Commitment and the Survey, Purchaser may make written objections (“Objections”) to the form and/or contents of the Title Commitment
or  the  Survey.    Purchaser’s  failure  to  make  objections  within  such  time  period  shall  constitute  Purchaser’s  waiver  of  Objections. Any
matter shown on the Title Commitment (except the lien documents securing any monetary liens) or on the Survey which is not objected to
by Purchaser shall be a “Permitted Exception” hereunder.  Seller will have ten (10) days after receipt of the Objections to attempt to cure
the Objections.  If Seller is unwilling or unable to cure the Objections within such ten (10) day period, Purchaser’s may elect to do any of
the following by delivering written notice thereof to Seller on or before the expiration of the Investigation Period:

hereunder except for those matters which specifically survive the expiration or termination of this Agreement; or

( a )             Terminate this Agreement, in which event neither party shall have any further rights or obligations

3

( b )            Waive the Objections and proceed to close on the Property subject thereto.  In the event that that an
objection may be cured with the payment of money, Purchaser may elect to close and the amount necessary to cure the objection shall be
paid from the proceeds payable to the Seller hereunder at Closing.  If Purchaser does not timely make the required election in writing,
then Purchaser shall be deemed to have made the election provided in clause (a) hereof.

In the event that after issuance of the Title Commitment a new exception is added to the Title Commitment, Purchaser
shall  again  have  the  foregoing  rights  as  to  the  new  matter.    Notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  in  no  event  shall  Purchaser  be  required  to
object to any monetary liens of any kind or nature all of which Seller shall cause to be released at Closing.

6 .       Conditions Precedent to Closing.  Closing on the purchase of the Property hereunder shall be and hereby is conditioned

upon satisfaction of each of the following conditions (collectively, the “Conditions Precedent”):

and when required by this Agreement, in all material respects;

6 . 1         Seller shall have performed all of the obligations required to be performed by Seller under this Agreement, as

material respects, true, correct and complete;

6 . 2         The  representations  and  warranties  of  Seller  as  set  forth  in  this Agreement  made  by  Seller  shall  be,  in  all

6.3         Seller shall have performed each and every agreement to be performed by Seller pursuant to this Agreement;

6 . 4         As  of  the  Closing,  the  Title  Company  shall  have  issued  or  shall  have  committed  to  issue,  upon  the  sole
condition  of  the  payment  of  its  regularly  scheduled  premium,  the  Purchaser’s  title  insurance  policy  in  the  form  required  under  this
Agreement;

6.5         As of the Closing, there shall have occurred no casualty of a material nature to the Property (“material”, for this
purpose  being  defined  as  costing  in  excess  of  $100,000  to  repair)  or  condemnation  or  threat  of  condemnation  by  any  applicable
governmental authority affecting all or any part of the Property; and

6.6         If the Property is subject to a declaration of covenants, conditions and restrictions, condominium declaration or
similar instrument (“CCRs”) governing or affecting the use, operation, maintenance, management or improvement of the Property, at the
Closing, or if one or more easements are required to provide access to a public way over the land of others (“Easements”), Seller shall
deliver to Purchaser (i) estoppel certificates, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Purchaser, from the declarant, Association
(as  hereinafter  defined),  committee,  agent  or  other  person  or  entity  having  governing  or  approval  rights  under  the  CCRs  and  the  party
burdened  by  any  Easement,  and  (ii)  a  recordable  assignment,  in  form  and  substance  satisfactory  to  Purchaser,  assigning  any  and  all
developer, declarant or other related rights or interests of Seller (or any affiliate of Seller) in or under the CCRs, if Seller (or such affiliate)
holds such rights or interests and an assignment of the Easement or including same in the legal description of the deed all of which shall
include any required consents to this transaction.

4

If any of the Conditions Precedent listed above have not been satisfied on or before the Closing Date, this Agreement may be canceled by
Purchaser,  at  Purchaser’s  option,  by  written  notice  from  Purchaser  to  Seller  given  on  or  before  the  Closing  Date  and  Purchaser  shall
receive a refund of the Earnest Money or Purchaser may extend the Closing Date for a reasonable period for Seller to attempt to satisfy
the  foregoing  conditions  precedent  and,  if  Seller  again  fails  to  satisfy  the  foregoing  conditions  precedent  during  such  extended  period,
Purchaser shall again have the rights under this sentence. Upon such cancellation, this Agreement shall terminate except for obligations
which expressly survive the termination or cancellation of this Agreement, and Purchaser shall receive a refund of the Earnest Money and
neither  party  shall  have  any  obligations  to  the  other  thereafter.    Purchaser  shall  have  the  right  to  unilaterally  waive  any  Conditions
Precedent by written notice to Seller.

At all times prior to Closing Seller shall:

(a)

Refrain  from  transferring  any  of  the  Property  or  creating  on  the  Property  any  easements,  liens,  mortgages,

encumbrances or other interests which would affect the Property or Seller’s ability to comply with the terms of this Agreement;

(b)

Refrain  from  entering  into  any  contracts  or  other  commitments  regarding  the  Property,  other  than  in  the
ordinary and usual course of business, which may be cancelled at Closing without penalty, and which shall be cancelled by Seller
at Closing, without the prior written consent of Purchaser;

(c)

Keep in effect Seller’s existing policies of insurance insuring the Property;

(d)

Refrain  from  storing,  treating,  or  disposing  on  the  Property  any  Hazardous  or  Toxic  Substance,  as  defined
hereafter. The term “Hazardous or Toxic Substances ,” as used in this Agreement, means any substance the generation, storage,
treatment disposal, or transportation of which is prohibited or regulated by any law or governmental regulation having as its object
the  protection  of  public  health,  natural  resources,  or  the  environment,  including,  by  way  of  illustration  only,  the  following:  the
Resource  Conservation  and  Recovery Act;  the  Toxic  Substances  Control Act;  the  Clean Air Act;  the  Federal  Water  Pollution
Control Act; the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980; the Clean Water Act and all
applicable State of Michigan environmental acts (collectively, “Environmental Laws”);

(e)                  Promptly (within three (3) business days after receipt) furnish Purchaser with a copy of all notices of
violation  of  laws  or  municipal  ordinances,  regulations,  orders  or  requirements  of  departments  of  housing,  building,  fire,  labor,
health, or other state, city or municipal departments or other governmental authorities having jurisdiction against or affecting the
Property  or  the  use  or  operation  thereof  and  a  copy  of  all  notices  of  claims  or  potential  claims  from  any  such  governmental
authority; and

(f)                   From the Effective Date through the earlier of the termination of this Agreement or Closing, Seller will not
negotiate  with  any  third  party,  other  than  Purchaser,  the  sale  or  other  disposition  of  the  Property,  or  enter  into  any  contract
(whether binding or not) regarding the sale or other disposition of the Property.

5

 
 
7.       Closing.

7 . 1        Closing Date.    The  consummation  of  the  purchase  of  the  Property  contemplated  by  this Agreement  (the
“Closing”)  shall  take  place  at  the  offices  of  the  Title  Company  on  a  date  selected  by  Purchaser  but  not  later  than  July  1,  2017  (the
“Closing Date”) or at such other place and time as Purchaser and Seller may agree to in writing.  The Closing may take place through an
escrow with the Title Company.

the Title Company as applicable, the following:

7.2        Seller’s Obligations at Closing.  On the Closing Date, Seller shall execute and/or deliver to Purchaser, through

Exhibit C, conveying the Real Property to Purchaser, subject only to the Permitted Exceptions.

( a )             Deed.  A Warranty Deed (the “ Deed”) for the Property, substantially in the form attached hereto as

( b )            Bill  of  Sale.   A  warranty  Bill  of  Sale,  substantially  in  the  form  attached  hereto  as  Exhibit  D,
conveying the Personal Property, if any, to Purchaser in an “AS IS, WHERE IS” physical condition. Such Bill of Sale shall provide for a
warranty of title and that the Personal Property is being conveyed lien free.

(c)            Assignment and Assumption of Permits, Plans and Warranties .  A Blanket Transfer, Assignment and
Assumption, substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit E (the “Blanket Assignment”), assigning Seller’s interest in the Permits,
Plans and Warranties for the Property to Purchaser.

to the extent they exist and are in Seller’s possession.

( d )            Original Documents.  Original copies of the Permits, the Warranties, and the Plans for the Property

required by IRC Section 1445(b)(2) and its regulations.

(e)             FIRPTA Affidavit.  A non-foreign affidavit properly executed and containing such information as is

)            Owner’s  Title  Insurance  Policy .    An  owner’s  title  insurance  policy  or  “marked  up”  Title
Commitment for the Real Property insuring fee simple title to each Real Property to Purchaser in a face amount equal to the Purchase
Price and containing no exceptions other than the Permitted Exceptions and other exceptions, if any, to which Purchaser may consent.

(

f

Title Company in order to record the closing documents and issue the Buyer’s Title Policy.

( g )            Title Documents.  Such affidavits of Seller or other documents as may be reasonably required by

closing costs as set forth herein.

(h)            Closing Statement.  A closing statement setting forth the Purchase Price, adjustments, prorations and

rooms contained therein.

( i )             Keys.  Any keys, computer key cards or access codes or devices for entry upon the Property and all

6

Lease”).

this Agreement.

( j )              Termination of Lease.  A termination of the Lease (as hereinafter defined) (the “ Termination of

( k )            Additional Documents.  Such other documents as may be required by the terms and conditions of

through the Title Company as applicable, the following with respect to the Property:

7 . 3        Purchaser’s Obligations at Closing.  On the Closing Date, Purchaser shall execute and/or deliver to Seller,

(a)             Purchase Price.  The Purchase Price payable at Closing by wire transfer on the Closing Date.

(b)             Blanket Assignment.  The Blanket Assignment.

(c)             Termination of Lease.  The Termination of Lease.

by Title Company in order to record the closing documents and issue the Buyer’s Title Policy.

( d )             Title Documents.  Such affidavits of Purchaser or other documents as may be reasonably required

and Closing costs as set forth herein.

(e)             Closing Statement.  A closing statement setting forth the Purchase Price, the adjustments, prorations

(f)             Additional Documents.  Such other documents as may be required by this Agreement.

7.4        Closing Costs.

(a)             Seller shall pay the following costs and expenses in connection with the Closing for the Property:

(i) One-half (½) of the fees of the Title Company for its escrow services;

(ii) Its costs of document preparation and its attorneys’ fees;

(iii) The title search fee and the premium payable for the owner’s coverage title insurance policy

issued by the Title Company;

(iv) Transfer taxes and other taxes assessed by the State of Michigan or any county or municipality

thereof due upon the sale of the Property or any portion thereof, including sales taxes, if any,
due upon the sale of the Personal Property;

(v) The cost of the Survey; and

(vi) All costs customarily paid by sellers in connection with real estate transactions in Washtenaw

County, Michigan.

7

 
connection with the Closing:

(b)            Purchaser shall pay all other costs, including, without limitation, the following costs, arising in

(i) One-half (½) of the fees of Title Company for its escrow services;

(ii) All recording fees for recording the deed;

(iii) All due diligence or inspection costs incurred by Purchaser; and

(iv) Its cost of document preparation and its attorneys’ fees.

Closing Date (the “Proration Date”):

7 . 5        Prorations.    The  following  items  shall  be  prorated  between  Seller  and  Purchaser,  as  of  12:01  a.m.  on  the

(a)             Property Taxes.  Since the Purchaser is the current tenant of the Property pursuant to a certain Lease
Agreement  (as  amended,  the  “Lease”)  dated  April  8,  1997  between  AMR  Holdings,  L.L.C.,  predecessor  in  interest  to  Seller  and
Purchaser,  as  amended,  there  shall  be  no  proration  of  city,  state  and  county  ad  valorem  taxes  for  the  Property  and  Purchaser  shall  be
responsible for all such taxes and assessments. If Seller has engaged or will engage prior to the Closing, consultants for the purpose of
protesting  the  amount  of  taxes  or  the  assessed  valuation  for  certain  tax  periods  for  the  Property  (“Protest  Proceedings”),  any  cash
refunds or proceeds actually distributed (collectively, “Cash Refunds”) will be paid to Purchaser (including interest thereon) on account
of a favorable determination, after deduction of costs and expenses incurred for such Protest Proceedings. Seller and Purchaser agree to
notify the other in writing of any receipt of a Cash Refund within fifteen (15) business days of receipt of such Cash Refund.  To the extent
either party obtains a Cash Refund, a portion of which is owed to the other party, the receiving party shall deliver the Cash Refund to the
other party within fifteen (15) Business Days of its receipt.  Seller agrees to execute such document or documents as may be necessary to
substitute Purchaser as a party to any Protest Proceedings.

of the Property under the Lease there shall be no proration of such items.

(b)            Operating Expense and Utility Charges.  Since Purchaser was responsible for all operating expenses

( c )             Rent. Seller hereby agrees to waive and abate Basic Rent under the Lease from and after March 1,
2017 if this transaction closes. Purchaser shall receive a per diem credit at Closing in the amount of Two Hundred Sixty-two and 50/100
Dollars ($262.50) (the “Per Diem”) per day that the Closing occurs prior to July 1, 2017.  In the event that the Closing occurs after July 1,
2017 Seller shall receive a credit in the amount of the Per Diem for each day after July 1, 2017, that the Closing occurs. If this Agreement
terminates for any reason, all unpaid Basic Rent accrued from March 1, 2017 shall be immediately paid to Seller.

current year, shall be prorated as of the Closing Date.

( d )            Association  Dues.    The  annual  dues  of  the Association,  as  such  term  is  defined  below,  for  the

8

8 .      Damage.  If, prior to the Closing Date, a material portion of the Property is damaged by fire casualty, the elements or any
other cause (“material”, for this purpose being defined as damage to the Property in excess of $100,000.00), Seller shall immediately give
notice to Purchaser of such fact and at Purchaser’s option (to be exercised within fifteen (15) days after Seller’s notice) Purchaser may
either: elect to proceed with the Closing or terminate this Agreement and receive a refund of its Earnest Money, in which event neither
party will have any further obligations under this Agreement, except for those obligations which expressly survive the termination hereof. 
If Purchaser fails to elect to terminate despite such damage, there shall be no reduction in the Purchase Price, and Seller shall assign to
Purchaser at the Closing all of Seller’s right, title and interest to receive the proceeds of all insurance related to such damage, and further,
Seller shall pay to Purchaser the amount of any “deductible” which is not funded by the insurance proceeds.

9 .      Condemnation.  If, prior to the Closing Date, eminent domain proceedings are commenced against all or any part of the
Property, Seller shall immediately give notice to Purchaser of such fact and at Purchaser’s option (to be exercised within fifteen (15) days
after Seller’s notice), this Agreement as to the Property shall terminate and receive a refund of its Earnest Money, in which event neither
party  will  have  further  obligations  under  this Agreement,  except  for  those  obligations  which  expressly  survive  the  termination  of  this
Agreement.  If Purchaser shall fail to give such notice then there shall be no reduction in the Purchase Price, and Seller shall assign to
Purchaser  at  the  Closing  Date  all  of  Seller’s  right,  title  and  interest  in  and  to  any  award  made  or  to  be  made  in  the  condemnation
proceedings.  Prior to the Closing Date, Seller shall not designate counsel, appear in, or otherwise act with respect to the condemnation
proceedings without Purchaser’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.

10.    Representations and Warranties.

following are true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date:

1 0 . 1      Representations  and  Warranties  of  Seller .  Seller  hereby  represents  and  warrants  to  Purchaser  that  the

( a )            Seller is a Michigan limited liability company duly formed and in good standing under the laws of
the  State  of  Michigan  and  authorized  to  do  business  in  the  State  of  Michigan  and  is  authorized  to  consummate  the  transactions
contemplated by this Agreement.

( b )             The  execution  of  this Agreement  and  all  documents  and  instruments  executed  pursuant  to  this
Agreement by Seller, the delivery thereof to Purchaser, Seller’s performance hereof and the transactions contemplated hereby have been
duly  authorized  by  all  requisite  action  on  the  part  of  Seller  and  do  not  conflict  with  or  result  in  a  violation  of  Seller’s  Articles  of
Organization or Operating Agreement or any agreement, contract, judgment, order or decree of any court or proceeding to which Seller is
a party or by which Seller is bound and all such documents are valid and binding obligations of Seller and are enforceable in accordance
with their terms.

9

and those building and use restrictions, easements and zoning ordinances, if any, of record.

(c)             Seller holds fee title to the Real Property, to its knowledge, subject only to the Permitted Exceptions

terms are defined in Section 1445 of the Internal Revenue Code.

( d )            Seller is not a “foreign person”, “foreign partnership”, “foreign trust” or “foreign estate” as those

( e )            There is no action, litigation, investigation, condemnation or proceeding of any kind, pending or, to
Seller’s knowledge, threatened against any portion of the Property or against Seller which would prevent or prohibit this transaction or
which would have a material adverse effect upon any portion of the Property or which would result in the imposition of any lien or charge
upon  the  Property.  Seller  has  not  received  any  notice  of  any  existing  or  threatened  condemnation  or  other  legal  action  of  any  kind
involving the Property or its operation.

( f )             There are no leases effecting the Property or any other agreement giving possession of all or any
part of the Property to a third party except for the Lease. No  party has an option to purchase the Property or any part thereof or any right
of first refusal to purchase or lease all or any part of the Property.

( g )            There are, to Seller’s knowledge, no existing violations of any laws, zoning ordinances, regulations,
orders  or  requirements  of  departments  of  housing,  building,  fire,  labor,  health,  or  other  municipal  departments  or  other  governmental
authorities having jurisdiction against or affecting the Property.

(h)            To Seller’s knowledge, no Hazardous or Toxic Substances have been released into or deposited upon
or  below  the  surface  of  the  Property  or  into  any  water  systems  on  or  below  the  surface  of  the  Property  or  stored  or  used  on  or  in  the
Property or any property adjacent to the Property or in the vicinity of the Property by the Seller which could impact the Property.

( i )              Seller is not subject to any state or federal tax liens of any kind or nature or any commitment,
obligation,  or  agreement  in  favor  of  a  third  party,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  any  right  of  first  refusal,  redemption  rights,  option  to
purchase, management or leasing agreements.

j

(

)              There  is,  to  Seller’s  knowledge,  no  assessment  presently  outstanding  or  unpaid  for  local
improvements or otherwise which has or may become a lien against the Property. Further, Seller knows of no public improvements which
have  been  ordered  to  be  made  and/or  which  have  not  heretofore  been  completed,  assessed  and  paid  for.  Seller  has  received  no  written
notice  of  any  zoning  proceedings  concerning  the  Property,  nor  has  Seller  received  written  notice  from  any  governmental  agency  or
authority or other party concerning any prospective zoning proceeding which may affect the Property.

authority concerning any Hazardous or Toxic Substance.

( k )             Seller has not received any notice from, nor filed any notice or application with, any governmental

10

obligations which will affect the Purchaser.

(

l

)               Seller  has  not  contracted  for  any  services  or  employment  and  has  made  no  commitments  or

( m )           Seller  is  a  member  of  a  condominium  association  (“Association”)  due  to  its  ownership  of  the
Property.  All Association fees and expenses due from the Property or the owner thereof have been paid in full and the annual amount due
is approximately $600.00. To Seller’s knowledge, there are no special assessments contemplated by the Association.

complete in all material respects and constitute all such documents and materials.

(n)            The documents and materials delivered to Purchaser pursuant to this Agreement are true, correct and

( o )            There  are,  to  Seller’s  knowledge,  no  attachments,  executions  or  assignment  for  the  benefit  of
creditors or voluntary proceedings in bankruptcy or under any other debtor relief laws contemplated by or pending or threatened by or
against Seller and there is no pending or threatened action, suit, arbitration, claim or proceeding against Seller or any of its principals that
could adversely affect its ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement and consummate the sale of the Property pursuant hereto.

( p )            Seller and each person or entity owning an interest in Seller is (i) not currently identified on the
Specially  Designated  Nationals  and  Blocked  Persons  List  maintained  by  the  Office  of  Foreign  Assets  Control,  Department  of  the
Treasury  (“OFAC”)  and/or  on  any  other  similar  list  maintained  by  OFAC  pursuant  to  any  authorizing  statute,  executive  order  or
regulation (collectively, the “List”),  and  (ii)  not  a  person  or  entity  with  whom  a  citizen  of  the  United  States  is  prohibited  to  engage  in
transactions by any trade embargo, economic sanction, or other prohibition of United States law, regulation, or Executive Order of the
President of the United States, and (iii) not an Embargoed Person (as hereinafter defined), (b) none of the funds or other assets of Seller
constitute property of, or are beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any Embargoed Person, and (c) no Embargoed Person has any
interest of any nature whatsoever in Seller (whether directly or indirectly).  The term “Embargoed Person” means any person, entity or
government subject to trade restrictions under U.S. law, including but not limited to, the International Emergency Economic Powers Act,
50 U.S.C. §1701 et seq., the Trading with the Enemy Act, 50 U.S.C. App. 1 et seq., and any Executive Orders or regulations promulgated
thereunder.

Seller’s representations and warranties as contained herein shall not merge with the Deed and shall survive Closing.

following are true and correct as of the date of this Agreement and shall be true and correct as of the Closing Date:

1 0 . 2      Representations and Warranties of Purchaser .  Purchaser hereby represents and warrants to Seller that the

transactions contemplated by this Agreement and this transaction.

( a )            Purchaser is a corporation duly formed and in good standing and is authorized to consummate the

( b )            The  execution  of  this Agreement  and  all  documents  and  instruments  executed  pursuant  to  this
Agreement by Purchaser, the delivery thereof to Seller, Purchaser’s performance hereof and the transactions contemplated hereby have
been duly authorized by all

11

requisite corporate action on the part of Purchaser and do not conflict with or result in a violation of Purchaser’s organizational documents
or any judgment, order or decree of any court or proceeding to which Purchaser is a party and all such documents are valid and binding
obligations of Purchaser and are enforceable in accordance with their terms.

( c )             Purchaser represents and acknowledges that it and/or its affiliate has been in possession of the Real
Property  under  the  Lease.    It  understands  and  acknowledges  that,  except  as  provided  herein,  Seller  is  making  no  warranties  or
representations with respect to the physical condition of the Real Property and the Purchaser will be taking the Real Property at Closing in
its “AS IS, WHERE IS” condition.

11.    Default.

11 . 1     Default by Seller.    If  within  ten  (10)  business  days  after  notice,  Seller  fails  to  perform  any  of  its  covenants
under this Agreement, or if Seller otherwise defaults hereunder, Purchaser shall have, as its sole and exclusive remedy either: (i) the right
of  specific  performance  of  all  provisions  of  this Agreement  against  Seller,  or  (ii)  Purchaser,  at  its  option,  may  elect  to  terminate  this
Agreement and receive a refund of the Earnest Money, as its sole and exclusive remedy.

11 . 2      Default by Purchaser.  If within ten (10) business days after notice, Purchaser fails to close the transaction
described herein at the time required herein, Seller may retain Twenty-five Thousand Dollars ($25,000.00) as liquidated damages. Seller
hereby acknowledges and agrees that the foregoing shall constitute Seller’s sole and exclusive remedy hereunder.  Seller agrees to accept
such sum as its total damages and relief hereunder in such event.

12.    Broker.

1 2 . 1      Broker.  If, and only if, and only in the event that the transaction contemplated by this Agreement closes, a
brokerage fee shall be payable by Purchaser to Mohr Partners (“Broker”) pursuant to a separate agreement.  Seller and Purchaser warrant
each to the other that, except for the Broker, they have not dealt with any real estate broker or sales-person with regard to this transaction. 
Purchaser agrees to indemnify and hold harmless Seller from any and all commissions claimed by the Broker or any other broker or third
party arising by virtue of this transaction whose commissions might legally arise from acts of Purchaser.  Seller agrees to indemnify and
hold harmless Purchaser from any and all commissions claimed by any broker (other than the Broker) or third party arising by virtue of
this  transaction  whose  commissions  might  legally  arise  from  acts  of  Seller.    The  obligations  of  indemnity  of  Purchaser  and  Seller  as
contained in this Section 12.1 shall survive the Closing.

13.    Miscellaneous.

1 3 . 1     Assignment.    Purchaser  may  not  assign  its  rights  under  this Agreement  without  the  prior  written  consent  of
Seller not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed; provided, however, Purchaser may, without the prior consent of Seller,
assign  its  rights  under  this Agreement  to  any  trust,  corporation,  partnership  or  limited  liability  company  affiliated  with,  controlling,
controlled by or under common control with Purchaser.  Any assignment shall

12

be subject to all the provisions, terms, covenants and conditions of this Agreement, and upon assignment, the assignor shall, be released
from all of its obligations under this Agreement.

13.2      Notices.  All notices which are required or permitted hereunder must be in writing and shall be deemed to have
been  given,  delivered  or  made,  as  the  case  may  be,  (notwithstanding  lack  of  actual  receipt  by  the  addressee)  (i)  when  delivered  by
personal delivery, (ii) three (3) business days after having been deposited in the United States mail, certified or registered, return receipt
requested,  sufficient  postage  affixed  and  prepaid,  (iii)  one  (1)  business  day  after  having  been  deposited  with  an  expedited,  overnight
courier service (such as by way of example but not limitation, U.S. Express Mail, Federal Express or UPS), or (iv) when delivered by
facsimile, which facsimile is followed by delivery by an expedited, overnight courier service, addressed to the party to whom notice is
intended to be given at the address set forth below:

Purchaser:                             FAAC Incorporated

1229 Oak Valley Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108
Attention: Mr. Thomas Paup
Telephone No. (734) 761-5836

With a copy to:                    FAAC Incorporated

1229 Oak Valley Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108
Attention: General Counsel
Telephone No. (734) 761-____

And a copy to:                     Honigman Miller Schwartz and Cohn LLP

Seller:

39400 Woodward Avenue
Suite 101
Bloomfield Hills, MI  48304-5151
Attn:  Howard Goldman, Esq.
Telephone Number: (248) 566-8462

Oak Valley 1229, LLC
c/o AMR Development, LLC
1182 Oak Valley Drive
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108
Attention: Albert Rodriguez
Telephone No. (734) ___-____3777

With copies to:                     Robert A. Peurach

41740 Six Mile Rd., Ste. 101
Northville, MI  48168
Telephone No. (248) 349-0500

Any party may change the address to which its notices are sent by giving the other party written notice of any such change in the manner
provided in this Section, but notice of change of address is effective only upon receipt.

13

13.3      Entire Agreement.  This Agreement embodies and constitutes the entire understanding among the parties with
respect  to  the  transaction  contemplated  herein,  and  all  prior  or  contemporaneous  agreements,  understandings,  representations  and
statements, oral or written, are merged into this Agreement.  Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be waived, modified,
amended, discharged or terminated except by an instrument in writing signed by the party against which the enforcement of such waiver,
modification, amendment, discharge or termination is sought, and then only to the extent set forth in such instrument. The terms hereof
shall survive the Closing and shall not merge with the Deed.

of Michigan.

13.4      Applicable Law.  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State

construction of any provision of this Agreement.

1 3 . 5      Headings.    Descriptive  headings  are  for  convenience  only  and  shall  not  control  or  affect  the  meaning  or

to the benefit of the parties hereto and their heirs, personal representatives, successors and assigns.

13.6      Binding Effect.  Subject to the provisions of Section 13.1, this Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure

to be an original instrument, but all such counterparts together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

13.7      Counterparts.  This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed

1 3 . 8      Interpretation.  Whenever the context hereof shall so require, the singular shall include the plural, the male
gender  shall  include  the  female  gender  and  neuter  and  vice  versa.    This Agreement  and  any  related  instruments  shall  not  be  construed
more strictly against one party than against the other by virtue of the fact that initial drafts were made and prepared by counsel for one of
the  parties,  it  being  recognized  that  this Agreement  and  any  related  instruments  are  the  product  of  extensive  negotiations  between  the
parties hereto and that both parties hereto have contributed substantially and materially to the final preparation of this Agreement and all
related instruments.

13.9      Severability.  In case any one or more of the provisions contained in the Agreement shall for any reason be held
to  be  invalid,  illegal  or  unenforceable  in  any  respect,  such  invalidity,  illegality  or  unenforceability  shall  not  affect  any  other  provision
hereof, and this Agreement shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.

13.10    Authority of Parties.  Seller and Purchaser represent to each other that each has full power and authority to
enter into and perform this Agreement, all related instruments and the documentation contemplated hereby and thereby in accordance with
their  respective  terms  and  that  the  delivery  and  performance  of  this  Agreement,  all  related  instruments  and  the  documentation
contemplated hereby and thereby has been duly authorized by all necessary action.

13.11   No Waiver .  Neither the failure of either party to exercise any power given such party hereunder or to insist
upon strict compliance by the other party with its  obligations  hereunder,  nor  any  custom  or  practice  of  the  parties  at  variance  with  the
terms hereof shall constitute a waiver of either party’s right to demand exact compliance with the terms hereof.

14

ARTICLE FOURTEEN

NO ASSUMPTION OF LIABILITIES

The parties acknowledge that this transaction contemplates only the sale and purchase of the Property and that Seller is
not selling a business nor do the parties intend that Purchaser be deemed a successor of Seller with respect to any liabilities of Seller to any
third party. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Purchaser shall neither assume nor be liable for any of the debts, liabilities,
taxes  or  obligations  of,  or  claims  against,  Seller,  or  of  any  other  person  or  entity,  of  any  kind  or  nature,  whether  existing  now,  on  the
Closing Date or at any time thereafter. All of such debts, liabilities, taxes, obligations and claims shall be solely those of Seller, and Seller
hereby  represents,  warrants,  covenants  and  agrees  to  defend,  indemnify  and  hold  harmless  Purchaser  from  any  liability  with  respect
thereto.

[REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

15

 
 
 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year set forth below their

respective signatures.

PURCHASER:

FAAC INCORPORATED, a Michigan corporation 

By:           /s/ Thomas J. Paup
Name:     Thomas J. Paup
Title:       Sr. VP Finance, CFO,& Treasurer

FAAC, Inc.

SELLER:

OAK VALLEY 1229, LLC, a Michigan limited liability company 

By:          /s/ Albert Rodriguez
Name:     Albert Rodriguez
Title:       Manager

16

 
Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Exhibit 21.1

Name of Subsidiary
Epsilor-Electric Fuel Ltd.
Arodelek Ltd.
Electric Fuel Battery
Corporation
FAAC Incorporated
UEC Electronics, LLC

Jurisdiction
Israel
Israel
Delaware

Michigan
South Carolina

Owned By
Arotech Corporation
Epsilor-Electric Fuel Ltd.
Arotech Corporation

Arotech Corporation
Electric Fuel Battery
Corporation

Percentage Ownership
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%

100.0%
100.0%

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Arotech Corporation
Ann Arbor, Michigan:

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 (Nos. 333-195141, 333-190808 and 333-
153487) and Form S-8 (Nos. 333-222465, 333-160717, 333-146752, 333-124960, 333-86728, and 333-59902) of Arotech Corporation of
our reports dated March 15, 2018, relating to the consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of Arotech Corporation’s internal
control over financial reporting, which appear in this Form 10-K.

Exhibit 23.1

/s/ BDO USA, LLP                                                       

Grand Rapids, Michigan
March 15, 2018

 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
(Pursuant to Rule 13a -14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

I, Dean M. Krutty, certify that:

1.     I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Arotech Corporation;

2.          Based  on  my  knowledge,  this  annual  report  does  not  contain  any  untrue  statement  of  a  material  fact  or  omit  to  state  a
material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such  statements  were  made,  not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;

3.     Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in
all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in
this annual report;

4.          The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and
procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange Act  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  (as  defined  in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under
our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made
known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles

evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this    report  our
conclusions  about  the  effectiveness  of  the  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  of  the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this
annual report based on such evaluation; and

disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.     The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

all  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting
which  are  reasonably  likely  to  adversely  affect  the  registrant’s  ability  to  record,  process,  summarize  and  report  financial
information; and

any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a  significant  role  in  the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:           March 15, 2018

/s/ Dean M. Krutty                                           
Dean M. Krutty, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
(Pursuant to Rule 13a -14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended,
as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002)

I, Thomas J. Paup, certify that:

1.     I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Arotech Corporation;

2.          Based  on  my  knowledge,  this  annual  report  does  not  contain  any  untrue  statement  of  a  material  fact  or  omit  to  state  a
material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such  statements  were  made,  not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;

3.     Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in
all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in
this annual report;

4.          The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and
procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange Act  Rules  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  (as  defined  in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under
our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made
known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;

designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles

evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this    report  our
conclusions  about  the  effectiveness  of  the  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  of  the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this
annual report based on such evaluation; and

disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.     The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

all  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting
which  are  reasonably  likely  to  adversely  affect  the  registrant’s  ability  to  record,  process,  summarize  and  report  financial
information; and

any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a  significant  role  in  the
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 15, 2018

/s/ Thomas J. Paup                                            
Senior Vice President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.1

In connection with the Annual Report of Arotech Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Dean M. Krutty, President and Chief Executive Officer of
the Company, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, hereby certify
that, to the best of my knowledge, the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended, and the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and
results of operations of the Company.

By:          /s/ Dean M. Krutty                                         

Dean M. Krutty
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Chief Executive Officer)

Date:           March 15, 2018

A  signed  original  of  this  written  statement  required  by  Section  906  has  been  provided  to  the  Company  and  will  be  retained  by  the
Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

This certification accompanies the Report to which it relates, is not deemed filed with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference
into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, whether made before or after the date of the Report and
irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.2

In connection with the Annual Report of Arotech Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2017,  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (the  “Report”),  I,  Thomas  J.  Paup,  Senior  Vice  President  –  Finance  and
Chief Financial Officer of the Company, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, hereby certify that, to the best of my knowledge, the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the
financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

By:          /s/ Thomas J. Paup                                         

Thomas J. Paup,
Senior Vice President – Finance and Chief Financial Officer
(Chief Financial Officer)

Date:           March 15, 2018

A  signed  original  of  this  written  statement  required  by  Section  906  has  been  provided  to  the  Company  and  will  be  retained  by  the
Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

This certification accompanies the Report to which it relates, is not deemed filed with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference
into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, whether made before or after the date of the Report and
irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.