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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
OR
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
OR
☐ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
Commission file number 1-14542
ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE
CORPORATION LIMITED
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Bermuda
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
15/Fl. B, No. 77, Sec. 2
Dunhua South Road
Taipei, 106, Taiwan
Republic of China
(Address of principal executive offices)
Ivan Hsia
15/Fl. B, No. 77, Sec. 2
Dunhua South Road
Taipei, 106, Taiwan
Republic of China
Tel: +886-2-27122558
Email: ivan.hsia@apwcc.com
(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and address of company contact person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares,
par value 0.01 per share
APWC
NASDAQ Capital Market
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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.
None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.
None
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the
period covered by the annual report.
13,819,669 Common Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2021
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
☐Yes ☒ No
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
☐Yes ☒ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file
such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
☒Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be
submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to submit such files).
☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an
emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated Filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☒ Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark
if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the
effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by
the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this
filing:
U.S. GAAP ☐
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ☒
Other ☐
If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the
registrant has elected to follow.
☐ Item 17 ☐ Item 18
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act).
☐ Yes ☒ No
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CERTAIN DEFINITIONS AND CONVENTIONS
Unless the context otherwise indicates or requires, all references to:
•
the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” and “APWC” refer to Asia Pacific Wire & Cable Corporation Limited, a holding company
incorporated in Bermuda with principal executive offices in Taipei, Taiwan.
•
the terms “our Company,” “our business” and “our operations” refer to APWC together with our operating subsidiaries.
• Dollar amounts in this Annual Report are expressed in thousands ($000), except where otherwise indicated (e.g. “million”)
or with respect to earnings per share.
•the terms “dollar”, “US$” or “$” refer to U.S. dollars, the lawful currency of the United States of America.
“Bt,” “Thai Baht”, “THB” or “Baht” refer to Baht, the legal tender currency of Thailand.
•
“Sing$” or “S$” refer to Singapore dollars, the legal tender currency of Singapore.
•
“A$” or “AU$” refer to Australian dollars, the legal tender currency of Australia.
•
“RMB” refer to Chinese Renminbi, the legal tender currency of China
•
“Thailand” refers to the Kingdom of Thailand.
•
“Singapore” refers to The Republic of Singapore.
•
•
“Taiwan” refers to Taiwan, The Republic of China.
•
“China” or “PRC” refer to The People’s Republic of China (for the purpose of this Annual Report, excluding Hong Kong
and Macau).
•
•
“Australia” refers to the Commonwealth of Australia.
“United States” or “U.S.” refer to the United States of America.
Most measurements in this Annual Report are given according to the metric system. Standard abbreviations of metric units
(e.g., “mm” for millimeter) have been employed without definitions. All references in this Annual Report to “tons” are to metric tons,
which are equivalent in weight to 2,204.6 pounds.
All references to “outstanding” in respect of APWC’s Common Shares shall mean that such Common Shares have been issued
by APWC and are not registered in APWC’s register of members as treasury shares.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 20-F contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of
the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements give our current beliefs or expectations or
forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts.
Such statements may include words such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe”, “may”, “should”,
“likely”, “seeks” and other words and terms of similar meaning in connection with any discussion of future operating or financial
performance.
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Such statements are not promises or guarantees and are subject to a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties
that could cause our future results, performance or achievements to differ significantly from the results, performance or achievements
expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include
our ability to maintain and develop market share for our products; the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business,
operations, demands for our products, results, financial position and liquidity; the extreme volatility in the demand for and the pricing
of commodities, including copper, our principal raw material, and their individual or collective impact on demand for our products
and services; the introduction of competing products or technologies; the volatility of share prices on major securities exchanges
throughout the world, our inability to successfully identify, consummate and integrate acquisitions; our potential exposure to liability
claims; the uncertainty and volatility of the markets in which we operate; changes in laws or regulations applicable to our Company
in the markets in which we conduct business; the availability and price of copper, our principal raw material, including the effects of
recent and potential economic sanctions on Russia; our ability to negotiate extensions of labor agreements on acceptable terms and to
successfully deal with any labor disputes; our ability to service and meet all requirements under our debt, and to maintain adequate
credit facilities and credit lines; in certain markets, our ability to compete effectively with state-owned enterprises (“SOEs”), which
may receive governmental subsidies to enhance results or receive preferred vendor status in state controlled projects; our ability to
make payments of interest and principal under our existing and future indebtedness; our ability to increase manufacturing capacity
and productivity; the fact that we have operations outside the United States that may be materially and adversely affected by acts of
terrorism, war and political and social unrest, or major hostilities; exposure to political and economic developments; COVID-19 and
government implemented lockdowns, circuit breakers, and other mandates that may adversely affect our business and operations;
crises, instability, terrorism, civil strife, expropriation and other risks of doing business in foreign markets; economic consequences
arising from natural disasters and other similar catastrophes, such as floods, earthquakes, hurricanes and tsunamis; the fact that
APWC is a holding company that depends for income upon distributions from operating subsidiaries, most of which are not wholly-
owned and for which there may be restrictions on the timing and amount of distributions; price competition and other competitive
pressures; the impact of climate change on our business and operations and on our customers; tax inefficiencies associated with our
cross-border operations, including without limitation, limitations on our ability to utilize net losses within our group of companies for
income tax purposes; fluctuations in currency, exchange and interest rates, operating results and the impact of technological changes
and other factors that are discussed in this report and in our other filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
“SEC”). Statements about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business results, financial position and liquidity are subject
to the risk that the actual impact may differ, possibly materially, from what is currently expected.
In particular, these statements include, among other things, statements relating to:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
our business strategy;
our prospects for future revenues and profits in the markets in which we operate;
the impact of political, legal or regulatory changes or developments in the markets in which we do business;
our dependence upon the level of business activity and investment by our customers for the generation of our sales
revenue;
our reliance on our majority shareholder for research and development relating to our product lines;the fact that
APWC’s common shares (the “Common Shares”) are traded on a national exchange in the United States and the
relative liquidity or lack thereof, based upon the historical trading volume of our publicly-traded Common Shares and
the small size of our public float;
our dependence on a limited number of suppliers for our raw materials and our vulnerability to fluctuations in the cost
and availability of such raw materials; and
the liquidity (or lack thereof) generally of our property and assets.
We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements or other information contained in this Annual Report, whether
as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. You are advised, however, to consult any
additional disclosures we make in our filings with the SEC. Also note that we provide a cautionary discussion of risks and
uncertainties under the “Risk Factors” section of this Annual Report. These are factors that we think could cause our actual results to
differ materially from expected results. Other factors besides those listed there could also adversely affect us.
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ITEM 1:
IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable
Part I
ITEM 2:
OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable
ITEM 3:
KEY INFORMATION
3.A.
Selected Consolidated Financial Data
The following selected consolidated financial data is derived from the consolidated financial statements of our Company for
the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, and 2017, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting
Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).
The selected data set forth below should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the discussion in “Item
5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects” and the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto referenced in “Item
18. Financial Statements.”
Income Statement Data:
Revenue
Costs of sales
Gross profit
Other operating income
Selling, general & administrative expenses
Other operating expenses
Operating (loss)/profit
Finance costs
Finance income
Share of loss of associates
Loss on liquidation of a subsidiary
Exchange (loss)/gain
Other income
Other expense
Profit before taxes
Income taxes expense
(Loss)/profit for the year
Attributable to:
Equity holders of APWC
Non-controlling interests
Earnings per share (1)
Basic and diluted (loss)/profit for the year attributable to
equity holders of the parent
2021
For the Year Ended December 31,
2019 (3)
2020
(in US$ thousands, except for earnings per share)
2018 (2)
2017
476,659 $
(455,508)
21,151
587
(26,484)
(227)
(4,973)
(1,251)
123
(1)
—
(4,425)
671
(1)
(9,857)
1,345
(8,512) $
313,564 $
(279,686)
33,878
814
(27,006)
(129)
7,557
(744)
320
(1)
—
(579)
1,173
(1)
7,725
(4,016)
3,709 $
338,160 $
(313,373)
24,787
385
(25,051)
(770)
(649)
(1,012)
506
(3)
—
1,550
717
(3)
1,106
(2,057)
(951) $
425,940 $
(389,692)
36,248
805
(26,924)
(1,445)
8,684
(1,378)
482
(3)
—
1,741
1,817
(11)
11,332
(3,886)
7,446 $
425,215
(385,527)
39,688
5,084
(27,248)
(909)
16,615
(1,221)
876
(3)
(261)
2,784
214
(336)
18,668
(5,140)
13,528
(2,642) $
(5,870) $
(552) $
4,261 $
(1,632) $
681 $
2,928 $
4,518 $
8,720
4,808
(0.19) $
(0.04) $
(0.12) $
0.21 $
0.63
$
$
$
$
$
5
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Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and cash equivalents
Working capital
Total assets
Total debts
Net assets
Capital stock
Total APWC shareholders’ equity
2021
2020
As of December 31,
2019 (3)
(in US$ thousands)
2018 (2)
2017
$
44,507 $
149,810
389,428
65,387
209,317
138
147,500
52,237 $
180,323
338,119
13,781
234,875
138
157,860
53,673 $
185,855
298,911
11,356
228,435
138
153,854
60,778 $
182,410
305,798
24,814
221,816
138
150,028
46,093
181,752
334,843
42,688
222,826
138
153,328
(1)
(2)
(3)
The calculation of the earnings per share is based on 13,819,669 basic and diluted weighted Common Shares issued and
outstanding for each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, and 2017.
Includes the impact of the application of IFRS 9 and IFRS 15.
Includes the impact of the application of IFRS 16.
3.B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not applicable
3.C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
3.D. Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the risk factors set forth below in connection with any investment in APWC, including any
investment in the Common Shares. If any one of these risks or uncertainties occurs, our business, financial condition and results of
operations could be materially and adversely affected. The risks described in this Annual Report on Form 20-F are not the only ones
facing us. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our business operations.
Any of these risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, and
could result in a loss of all or part of your investment.
6
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Summary of Risk Factors
The following is a summary of the principal risks we face, organized under relevant headings. The list below is not exhaustive, and
you should read the “Risk Factors” section in full.
Risks Related to Our Business (for more detailed discussion, see “Risk Factors -- Risks related to Our Business”)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
COVID-19 could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and, results of operations.
Significant volatility in copper prices could be detrimental to our Company’s profitability.
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and may be affected by competition with State-Owned
Enterprises and we cannot guarantee we will have the available capital to make necessary capital expenditures.
We operate in highly concentrated end markets, and the loss of individual customers in such markets could have a
material adverse impact on our position in that market as a whole.
Our business could be harmed if we fail to attract and retain qualified personnel.
We are subject to certain environmental protection laws and regulations governing our operations.
Information systems failure or cyber security breaches could have a material adverse effect on our Company, including
on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Related to our Financial Activities (for more detailed discussion, see “Risk Factors -- Risks related to our
Financial Activities”)
•
•
Restrictive covenants and default provisions in our existing debt agreements may materially restrict our operations as
well as adversely affect our liquidity, business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are exposed to foreign exchange rate risk.
Risk Related to the Regions in which We Operate (for more detailed discussion, see “Risk Factors -- Risks related to
the Regions in which We Operate”)
•
•
•
•
•
•
The performance of our Company’s Thai operations is affected by the political and economic situation in Thailand.
Our auditor’s China affiliate, like other independent registered public accounting firms operating in China, is not
permitted to be subject to inspection by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”), and if the
PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by the PRC
government, trading in our securities could be prohibited in the U.S. and our securities may be delisted.
The PRC legal system may limit our Company’s remedies, impacting our subsidiaries’ ability to enforce agreements in
the PRC with third parties.
The enforcement of laws, rules and regulations in the PRC can change quickly with little advance notice. Uncertainties
exist with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the PRC Foreign Investment Law, the Data Security Law,
the Personal Information Protection Law and the Anti-Monopoly Law, and any change in government interpretation or
enforcement could implicate our PRC subsidiaries and have a material adverse effect on us.
PRC regulation of loans to and direct investment in PRC entities by offshore holding companies may delay or prevent
us from making loans or additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries.
The PRC government’s control of currency conversion and expatriation of funds may affect our liquidity.
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•
Political or social instability, including tensions between PRC and Taiwan, may materially adversely affect our
Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Risks Related to the Common Shares and APWC (for more detailed discussion, see “Risk Factors -- Risks related to
the Common Shares and APWC”)
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Common Shares may be delisted from Nasdaq, which could affect their market price and liquidity.
As a foreign private issuer, there is less publicly available information concerning our Company than there would be if
APWC was a U.S. public company.
Our Common Shares have a limited public float and are subject to price volatility, which could adversely affect our
prevailing market price.
APWC may not be able to resume paying a dividend and any dividends paid in the future could be reduced or
eliminated, which could adversely affect our prevailing market price.
Our holding company structure and potential restrictions on the payment of dividends could materially adversely affect
our market price.
APWC is incorporated in Bermuda, and investors may face limited recourse and enforceability against APWC as well
as its directors and officers as compared to corporations incorporated in the U.S.
Control of APWC rests with its majority shareholder, PEWC, and APWC relies on Nasdaq’s controlled company and foreign private
issuer exemptions, all of which could materially and adversely affect our corporate governance.
Risks Related to Our Business
COVID-19 could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and, results of operations.
The global spread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), including more recently the highly transmissible Delta
and Omicron variants thereof, has been impacting worldwide economic activity and financial markets. We are facing significant
adverse effects related to the spread of COVID-19, and the recent developments surrounding the global pandemic have had, and are
expected to continue to have, significant adverse effects on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. As
a result, COVID-19 could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our operation and production have been affected and disrupted by the outbreak of COVID-19. From April 7, 2020 to June
1, 2020, our Singapore operating units operated with reduced on site staff and approximately half of the employees worked from
home due to a partial lockdown implemented by Singapore government. In the first half of 2020, our China production facilities had
been operating below normal production levels due to the mandatory measures instituted in response to COVID-19. Starting from the
third quarter of 2020 we were able to resume manufacturing activities in China and Singapore. However, our operating units were
subject to temporary operation adjustments in 2020 and 2021 pursuant to local emergency regulations, with an adverse impact on our
results of operations. While the overall COVID-19 situation appears to have improved in countries that have rolled out vaccination
campaigns, our business and operating results may be negatively impacted if the virus worsens or mutates, if vaccination efforts are
unsuccessful, or if further restrictions are implemented to contain the coronavirus. In connection with COVID-19, we may experience
a new shutdown or slowdown of part or all of our manufacturing facilities.
COVID-19 has affected and disrupted our operations and the operations of our suppliers, customers, and other business
partners, including as a result of travel restrictions, business shutdowns, and other COVID-19 containment measures. A slowdown in
economic activity as a result of COVID-19 has also resulted in, and could continue to result in, a reduction in demand for our
products. In addition, COVID-19 has delayed the fulfillment of contracts with our customers, causing negative impacts on our
liquidity and ability to generate cash flows. If we are not able to expand or extend lines of credit from banks, we may negotiate
business terms with our suppliers to meet our liquidity needs, which could cause an increase in financing costs.
We are facing increased operational challenges as we take measures to support and protect employee health and safety as a
result of COVID-19. For example, in order to protect the employees from COVID-19, our Company
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has taken measures to protect its employees, including temperature checks before entering the workplace, mandatory mask-wearing,
social distancing, and work from home. We have also implemented staggered work hours to lower the risk that our employees might
get infected on public transportations if they commute during peak hours. In particular, our remote work arrangements, coupled with
stay-at-home orders and quarantines, pose challenges to our employees and our IT systems, and the extension of remote work
arrangements could increase operational risk, including cyber security and IT systems management risks, and impair our ability to
manage our business. The increased operational challenges could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial
conditions, and results of operations.
COVID-19 has also adversely impacted the recoverability of certain of our assets and resulted in the recognition of
impairment charges for the year ended December 31, 2021. COVID-19 is expected to continue to impact the recoverability of our
Company’s assets and lead to further impairment charges in the future.
If COVID-19 continues to adversely affect our business operations and financial results, the probability of the occurrence
of other risks described in this Annual Report could also increase. Further, COVID-19 may materially and adversely affect our
business, operations and financial results in manners that are not presently known to us or that we currently do not anticipate. The
impact of COVID-19 is constantly changing. Although we are monitoring the situation, the extent to which COVID-19 impacts our
business will depend largely on future events outside of our control, including ongoing developments in the pandemic, the success of
containment measures, vaccination campaigns and other actions taken by governments around the world, as well as the overall
condition and outlook of the global economy. However, the effects on our business, results of operations and financial condition
could be material and adverse. We will continue to closely monitor our operations.
Significant volatility in copper prices could be detrimental to our Company’s profitability.
Copper is the principal raw material we use, accounting for a majority of the cost of sales. Our prevailing practice is to purchase
copper at prices based on the average prevailing international spot market prices on the London Metal Exchange (the “LME”) for
copper for the one month prior to purchase. The price of copper is affected by numerous factors beyond our control, including global
economic and political conditions, supply and demand, inventory levels maintained by suppliers, potential disruptions in supply of
copper (including as the result of economic sanctions on copper producers such as Russia), actions of participants in the commodities
markets and currency exchange rates. As with other costs of production, changes in the price of copper may affect our Company’s
cost of sales. Whether this has a material impact on our operating margins and financial results depends primarily on our Company’s
ability to adjust selling prices to its customers, such that increases and decreases in the price of copper are fully reflected in those
selling prices and customers continue to place orders. In the cases when we enter into a long-term sales contract at fixed selling
prices, rising copper prices could render such contract onerous and our Company would be required to recognize losses from this
onerous contract in the income statement. Most of our sales of manufactured products reflect the cost of copper used to manufacture
those products at the time the products are ordered. In the ordinary course of business we maintain inventories of raw materials and
finished products reasonably necessary for the conduct of our business. These inventories typically reflect the cost of copper
prevailing in the market at the time of purchase. A long-term decrease in the price of copper would require our Company to revalue
its inventory at periodic intervals to the then net realizable value, which could be below cost. Copper prices have been subject to
considerable volatility, and it is not always possible to manage our copper purchases and inventory so as to neutralize the impact of
copper price volatility. In addition, an excessive increase in the price of copper could result in fewer orders from customers or
increased cost of sales given agreed sales prices, and negatively impact our Company. Accordingly, significant volatility in copper
prices could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The ability of suppliers to deliver raw materials, parts and components and energy resources could affect our Company’s ability to
manufacture products without disruption and in turn negatively affect our operations.
Our Company uses a range of materials, including copper, aluminum, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride compound in
the global production of our products, which come from numerous suppliers. Our operations and those of our suppliers are subject to
disruption by supply chain issues due to economic, political and other factors largely beyond our Company’s control, including
COVID-19 related supplier plant shutdowns or slowdowns, component shortages, supply chain disruptions and delays, work
stoppages, labor shortages, financial issues such as supplier bankruptcy, information technology failures, and hazards such as fire,
earthquakes, flooding, droughts or other
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natural disasters, new laws or regulations, global economic or political events including terrorist attacks and war, and suppliers’
allocations to other purchasers. The effects of climate change, including extreme weather events, long-term changes in temperature
levels, water availability, supply costs impacted by increasing energy costs, or energy costs impacted by carbon prices or offsets may
exacerbate these risks. Any inability of suppliers to deliver parts, components and manufacturing equipment to our Company’s
manufacturing facilities, and any inability to manufacture without disruption, could affect our business’s performance.
The markets in which we operate are highly competitive.
The wire and cable industry in the Asia Pacific region is highly competitive, and if we fail to successfully invest in and
maintain product development, productivity improvements and customer service and support, sales of our products could be
materially adversely affected. Our competitors include a large number of independent domestic and foreign suppliers. Certain
competitors in each of our markets have substantially greater manufacturing, sales, research and financial resources than we do. We
and other wire and cable producers compete primarily on the basis of product quality and performance, reliability of supply, customer
service, and price. To the extent that one or more of our competitors are more successful with respect to the primary competitive
factors, our business could be materially adversely affected. In addition, our Company’s business could be materially adversely
impacted if low margin wire and cable manufacturers in China enter into the markets where we operate, like they have in Australia
and Singapore. Our Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations may also be materially adversely affected in
the event it must compete with State-Owned Enterprises, which are often subsidized by the government such that they are protected
against the challenges of market forces confronting private enterprises. When SOE’s enter the market, it can become untenable for
private enterprises in competition with SOEs to conduct profitable operations when the SOEs are being subsidized by the government
and may operate in a loss position for an extended period. Certain of our products are made to common specifications and may be
interchangeable with the products of certain of our competitors. Since customers could potentially substitute our products with those
of our competitors, customer loyalty is an important pillar of our business’s competitive position.
In addition, in order to remain competitive in the industry, our Company must periodically make substantial investments in
capital equipment to ensure that our production processes are and remain state-of-the-art. Capital expenditures are not always
predictable, as they are often driven by customer requirements for enhanced products. We cannot guarantee we will have the
available capital to make such capital expenditures when required, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
Alternative
telecommunications products.
transmission
technologies, such as wireless
telecommunications, could materially reduce sales of our
Our telecommunications cable business is subject to competition from other transmission technologies, principally
wireless-based technologies. Wireless telecommunications businesses have sometimes made substantial inroads in early emerging
markets where sufficient funding may not then be available to install the infrastructure necessary for market-wide fixed line
telecommunications. In addition, the ease of use of wireless telecommunications may make that medium an attractive alternative in
circumstances where access to fixed line telecommunications is limited. These technologies present significant competition in the
markets in which we conduct or plan to conduct business and no assurance can be given that the future development and use of such
alternative technologies will not materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We operate in highly concentrated end markets.
Failure to properly execute customer projects in markets where a small number of customers are responsible for a large
portion our sales could materially adversely impact our ability to obtain similar contracts from other customers in that market and
may result in material financial penalties. In certain of our markets, sales of manufactured products are highly concentrated in large
state-controlled entities or large private infrastructure developers. As those markets are often highly concentrated, the loss of
individual customers in such markets could have a material adverse impact on our position in that market as a whole and could
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Pacific Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd. may not perform its obligations under the Composite Services Agreement.
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We engage in transactions in the ordinary course of business with our controlling shareholder, PEWC, including the
purchase of certain raw materials and the distribution of PEWC’s products in various countries in the Asia Pacific region. We and
PEWC have entered into a composite services agreement dated November 7, 1996, as amended and supplemented (the “Composite
Services Agreement”), which contains provisions that define our relationship and the conduct of our respective businesses. The
Composite Services Agreement is renewable at our option and is currently in force. Under the Composite Services Agreement,
PEWC has agreed to supply APWC with copper and provides research and development for our products. Although PEWC has
performed its obligations under the Composite Services Agreement to date, we are unable to ensure that PEWC will not in the future
seek to limit, or be unable to perform in whole or in part, the business it conducts with our Company pursuant to the terms of the
Composite Services Agreement. Given its controlling shareholder position, PEWC could in such instance seek to influence our
response to any such events or occurrences. Any such limitation or inability to perform the Composite Services Agreement on
PEWC’s part could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. (See “Item 10.C.
Material Contracts” for a description of the Composite Services Agreement.)
Our insurance coverage does not cover all of our business risks.
Our global operations are subject to many risks including errors and omissions, infrastructure disruptions such as large-
scale outages or interruptions of service from utilities or telecommunications providers, supply chain interruptions, third-party
liabilities and fires or natural disasters. Our Company maintains insurance policies covering certain buildings, machinery and
equipment against specified amounts of damage or loss caused by fire, flooding, other natural disasters and burglary and theft. Our
Company does not carry insurance for consequential loss arising from business interruptions or political disturbances and does not
carry product liability insurance. Consequently, the amount of our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover all potential
claims or liabilities, and we may be forced to bear substantial costs resulting from the lack of adequate insurance. No assurance can
be given that we will not incur losses beyond the limits or outside the scope of coverage of our insurance policies. Accordingly, we
may be subject to an uninsured or under-insured loss in such situations. Any failure to maintain adequate insurance coverage on
terms favorable to us, or at all, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
A significant number of our ROW employees are members of employees’ unions.
A significant number of the employees of our Rest of World (“ROW”) segment are members of employees’ unions. Failure
to successfully negotiate and/or renew collective agreements, strikes, or other labor disputes could result in a disruption of our
operations. Any such labor dispute could lead to a disruption of our operations, hindering our ability to serve our customers, and
could have a material adverse effect on our Company and could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Our business could be harmed if we fail to attract and retain qualified personnel.
If we fail to retain our key employees and attract qualified personnel by investing adequate resources to develop our human
capital, our business may be harmed. The loss of any of our executive officers or other key employees could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The loss of executive officers or key employees could impair
customer relationships and result in the loss of vital industry knowledge, expertise, and experience. There is also a risk of losing key
employees to our competitors, which could pose a possible risk of the theft of trade secrets, with competitors then gaining valuable
information about our manufacturing process. Increased costs associated with recruiting, motivating and retaining qualified personnel
could have a negative impact on our profitability. Our Company’s future success depends on its continued ability to attract and retain
talented and qualified personnel.
Our operations are subject to environmental protection laws and regulations, which impose compliance costs and subject us to
potential liabilities should we violate any of these laws and regulations.
We are subject to certain environmental protection laws and regulations governing our operations and the use, handling,
disposal and remediation of hazardous substances used by us. We could incur environmental liability from our manufacturing
activities in the event of a release or discharge by us of a hazardous substance. Under certain environmental laws, we could be held
responsible for the remediation of any hazardous substance contamination at our facilities and at third party waste disposal sites and
could also be held liable for any
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consequences arising out of human exposure to such substances or other environmental damage. There can be no assurance that the
costs of complying with environmental, health and safety laws and requirements arising from our current operations, or the liabilities
arising from past releases of, or exposure to, hazardous substances, will not result in future liabilities incurred, or expenditures
payable, by us that would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Information systems failure or cyber security breaches could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition,
and results of operations.
APWC's subsidiaries each have their respective information systems to support the operation of such subsidiary. While
APWC’s operating subsidiaries vary in the degree of reliance that they place on their information systems, any failure or interruption
of these systems could materially adversely affect our Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Among
other things, financial data may be corrupted and financial information may not be accurately reported or presented in a timely
manner, which could impair our Company’s ability to timely file periodic or annual reports with the SEC or timely disseminate
material information to shareholders. Because there is no unified framework for administering information systems amongst APWC’s
subsidiaries, our competitors with a unified framework for administering information systems across their subsidiaries may have a
competitive advantage over us and may be able to more efficiently administer such systems and respond to incidents and minimize
risk to their business.
Cyber security presents risks and threats to us because intense competition in the wire and cable sector renders the
Company vulnerable to theft and copying of design specifications. While our Company relies upon its majority shareholder, PEWC,
for much of its research and development, its products are designed precisely to meet customer specifications for the applications for
which they are intended. Cyber security risks create the potential for a material adverse impact on our Company’s business, financial
condition and result of operations due to, but not limited to, losing intellectual property, implementing reactive measures, managing
litigation or investigations, addressing reputational harm, or losing a competitive advantage. To date, none of the cyber incidents
identified have had a material adverse effect on our business. However, we do not have visibility into all unauthorized incursions and
our systems may be experiencing ongoing incursions of which we are not aware. Mitigating these risks requires ongoing
management oversight to ensure that sufficient controls and procedures are in place for appropriate persons to receive pertinent cyber
security risk information to take appropriate action. We cannot offer any assurance that those controls and procedures will be
sufficient to protect against cyber security risks and that our business, financial condition and results of operations will not be
materially and adversely affected as a result of any such failure.
Increased reliance on information systems requires the implementation of information technology (“IT”) security measures
to protect networks, computers, programs and data from attack, damage or unauthorized access and ensure the confidentiality,
availability and integrity of Company data. Our Company employs safeguards, both technological and contractual, in order to protect
its proprietary interests and those of its customers and third-party licensors, including, without limitation, certain insurance against
theft and risk of loss. However, we cannot guarantee that such safeguards will protect our Company from all types of IT and cyber
security threats. If our Company’s IT and cyber security measures are compromised or otherwise fail to protect systems, networks
and data, or if an event of force majeure occurs and our Company’s disaster recovery plan does not operating effectively, our
Company’s business may be disrupted and stand to lose assets, reputation and business, and potentially face regulatory fines and
litigation as well as the cost of remediation, which could materially adversely impact our Company’s business, financial condition
and results of operations.
Our multinational operations and structure subject us to potentially adverse tax consequences.
We conduct our business through operating subsidiaries and report our taxable income in multiple jurisdictions based upon
our business operations in those jurisdictions. While we believe our tax positions are consistent with the tax laws in the jurisdictions
in which we conduct our business, it is possible that these positions may be contested or overturned by jurisdictional tax authorities,
which may have a significant impact on our global provision for income taxes, which could result in one-time tax charges, higher
effective tax rates, reduced cash flows and lower overall profitability of our operations.
Certain government agencies in jurisdictions where we do business have had an extended focus on issues related to the
taxation of multinational companies. In addition, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development is conducting a
project focused on base erosion and profit shifting in international structures, which
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seeks to establish certain international standards for taxing the worldwide income of multinational companies. As a result of these
developments, the tax laws of certain countries in which we do business could change on a prospective or retroactive basis, and any
such changes could increase our liabilities for taxes, interest and penalties, and therefore could harm our business, cash flows, results
of operations and financial position.
Pursuant to the Economic Substance Act (“ESA”) which came into force in December 2018, a registered entity other than
an entity which is resident for tax purposes in certain jurisdictions outside Bermuda, which we refer to as a non-resident entity, that
carries on as a business any one or more of the “relevant activities” referred to in the ESA must comply with economic substance
requirements. The “relevant activities” are carrying on any one or more of the following activities: banking, insurance, fund
management, financing and leasing, headquarters, shipping, distribution and service center, intellectual property and holding entity.
An in-scope entity which is engaged in any of the “relevant activities” must satisfy an economic substance test, by
performing core income-generating activities in the jurisdiction, being directed and managed in the jurisdiction and, having within
the jurisdiction (i) an adequate amount of operating expenditure, (ii) adequate physical presence and (iii) an adequate number of
qualified full-time employees or other personnel.
Risks Related to our Financial Activities
Restrictive covenants and default provisions in our existing debt agreements may materially restrict our operations as well as
adversely affect our liquidity, business, financial condition and results of operations.
If our business units do not generate sufficient cash flows from operations, we may be unable to make required payments
on our debt, including on debt secured by our or our subsidiaries’ assets. Any such failure to make any such payment could have a
material adverse effect on our liquidity, business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition our debt agreements
contain restrictive covenants and default provisions. Covenants in the agreements governing our existing debt, and debt we may incur
in the future, may materially restrict our operations, including our ability to incur debt, pay dividends, make certain investments and
payments, and encumber or dispose of assets. In addition, any global economic deterioration may cause us to incur significant net
losses or force us to assume considerable liabilities. We cannot assure you that we will be able to remain in compliance with our
financial covenants, which, as a result, may lead to a default. This may thereby restrict our ability to access unutilized credit facilities
or the global capital markets to meet our liquidity needs. Furthermore, a default under any agreement by APWC or APWC’s
subsidiaries may trigger cross-defaults under our other agreements. In the event of default, we may not be able to cure the default or
obtain a waiver on a timely basis. An event of default under any agreement timely governing our existing or future debt, if not cured
or waived, could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity, business, financial condition and results of operations. Please see
Section 5.B. (“Liquidity and Capital Resources”) of this Annual Report and Note 27(c) of our consolidated financial statements
referenced in Item 18 of this Annual Report for a further discussion of our secured and unsecured indebtedness.
We face uncertainties relating to the phasing out of LIBOR.
The one-week and two-month USD LIBOR ceased being published following December 31, 2021. The ICE Benchmark
Administration Limited (the “IBA”), the administrator for LIBOR, announced on March 5, 2021 that it will cease publishing the
remaining USD LIBOR tenors (overnight, one-month, three-month, six-month and 12-month) after June 30, 2023. In the United
States, the Alternative Reference Rate Committee has recommended the use of a Secured Overnight Funding Rate (“SOFR”) as an
alternative to LIBOR, however it is not presently known whether SOFR or any other alternative reference rates will attain market
acceptance as replacements of LIBOR. Discontinuation of LIBOR and uncertainty as to the nature of such potential changes,
alternative reference rates or other reforms may adversely affect the amounts of interest we pay under our debt arrangements and
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Foreign exchange fluctuations could materially impact our financial performance and our financial condition.
Our principal operations and properties are located in the three regions that constitute our business segments, namely the North Asia,
Thailand and Rest of the World regions. Although our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, the functional currency of our Thailand
region, which accounted for 41.49% of sales in 2021, is the Thai Baht. The
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functional currencies of our ROW region, which accounted for 36.05% of sales in 2021, are the Australia dollar and the Singapore
dollar. The functional currencies for our North Asia operations, which, in total accounted for 22.46% of sales in 2021, are divided
into two groups: (1) the PRC Subsidiaries, whose functional currency is the RMB, and (2) Crown Century, whose functional
currency is the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, the functional currency accounts of these operations are all translated into U.S. dollars
utilizing the reporting date exchange rate for balance sheet accounts, and an average exchange rate for the year for the income
statement accounts, for reporting purposes. Any devaluation of the Baht, the Australian dollar, the Singapore dollar, or the RMB
against the U.S. dollar would adversely affect our financial performance, as measured in U.S. dollars.
Our Company conducts business in many foreign currencies and is subject to exchange rate risk on cash flows related to
sales, expenses, financing and investment transactions. A substantial portion of our aggregate revenues is denominated in the
following currencies: RMB, Baht, Australian dollars and Singapore dollars, while our purchases of raw materials and expenditures
related to equipment upgrades are largely denominated in U.S. dollars. Any devaluation of the Baht, the Australian dollar, the
Singapore dollar or the RMB against foreign currencies (such as the U.S. Dollar) would increase the effective cost of transactions
denominated in such other foreign currencies. This would have an adverse impact on our operations and cash flows. Likewise, an
increase in U.S. dollar borrowing costs and any increase in the strength of the U.S. dollar in foreign exchange markets (which could
also increase borrowing rates) could materially adversely affect our business in the markets where we have operating plants, such as
Thailand, China, Singapore and Australia. Consequently, adverse movements in exchange rates could have a material adverse effect
on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, a portion of our investment properties and financial instruments are denominated in currencies other than the
U.S. dollar. Accordingly, our investment results will be subject to possible currency rate fluctuations as well as the volatility of
overseas capital markets. Our results of operations may be materially impacted by those fluctuations and volatility.
Significant impairment charges could materially adversely impact our results of operations.
In prior years, we have on occasion recognized impairment charges on certain property, plant and equipment due to lack of
profitability. An impairment charge may be incurred for various reasons including, but not limited to, strategic decisions made in
response to changes in economic and competitive conditions, the impact of the economic environment on our business or a material
adverse change in any material relationships with our clients. If we recognize significant impairment charges, our results of
operations may be materially adversely affected.
Risk Related to the Regions in which We Operate
We face risks relating to our operations in Thailand.
A substantial portion of our Thai operations consists of the manufacture of telecommunications and power cables and sales
of those products for use in various construction and infrastructure projects in Thailand. The performance of our Company’s Thai
operations is affected by the political and economic situation in Thailand. In recent years, the level of government involvement in
infrastructure development has tended to track increases or contractions in Thailand’s gross domestic product and the Thai economy
has been highly cyclical and volatile, depending for economic growth in substantial part on a number of government initiatives for
economic expansion. Overall, the construction industry and infrastructure projects have slowed considerably, thereby affecting local
sales, placing competitive pressure on prices and prompting our Company to rationalize Thai operations and actively seek overseas
markets. Political tensions remain high in Thailand and political instability in Thailand tends to diminish governmental focus on
infrastructure development projects, which can materially adversely impact the volume of sales to (and payment by) our customers
who are engaged in large infrastructure projects and, consequently, materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and
results of operations. In addition, our Thai operations could be materially adversely impacted if low margin wire and cable
manufacturers from China, including SOEs, were to enter into the Thailand market.
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Our auditor’s China affiliate, like other independent registered public accounting firm operating in China, is not permitted to be
subject to inspection by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, and consequently investors are deprived of the benefits
of such inspection.
Our auditor, who issued the audit report included in this Annual Report, is a Taiwan-based accounting firm registered with
the PCAOB and is subject to inspection by the PCAOB regularly. However, our auditor’s China affiliate is located in, and organized
under the laws of, the PRC, which is a jurisdiction where the PCAOB has been unable to conduct inspections without the approval of
the Chinese authorities. If the PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by
the PRC government, trading in our securities could be prohibited in the U.S. and ultimately delisted.
On December 18, 2020, the United States enacted the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “HFCAA”),
which requires, amongst other things, that (i) the SEC identify issuers that retain an auditor that has a branch or office that is located
in a foreign jurisdiction and that the PCAOB determines it is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken
by foreign authority and that (ii) the SEC prohibit the securities of any issuer from being traded on any of the U.S. national securities
exchanges, such as Nasdaq, or on the U.S. “over-the-counter” markets, if the auditor of the issuer’s financial statements is not subject
to PCAOB inspections for three consecutive “non-inspection” years. On April 5, 2021, the SEC’s interim final rule to implement the
disclosure and submission requirements of the HFCAA was published in the U.S. Federal Register. Regarding how the term “retain”
should be interpreted, the SEC noted in the interim final rule that the HFCAA does not define the term “retain”, and requested
comment on how the term “retain” should be understood for purposes of the HFCAA.
On June 22, 2021, the United States Senate passed the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the
“AHFCAA”), which, if enacted, would amend the HFCAA and require the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any
U.S. stock exchange if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive “non-inspection” years instead of three,
thus reducing the time period before our securities may be prohibited from trading or delisted.
On September 22, 2021, the PCAOB adopted a final rule implementing the HFCAA, which provides a framework for the
PCAOB to use when determining, as contemplated under the HFCAA, whether the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate
completely registered public accounting firms located in a foreign jurisdiction because of a position taken by one or more authorities
in that jurisdiction.
On December 2, 2021, the SEC issued amendments to finalize the interim final rules previously adopted in March 2021,
and established procedures to identify issuers and prohibit the trading of the securities of certain registrants as required by the
HFCAA.
On December 16, 2021, the SEC announced that the PCAOB designated China and Hong Kong as the jurisdictions where
the PCAOB is not allowed to conduct full and complete audit inspections as mandated under the HFCAA.
The auditor of our PRC-based subsidiaries is located in the PRC and is an affiliate of APWC’s Taiwan-based auditor that
signs APWC’s audit report. Because how “retain” should be understood for purposes of the HFCAA remains open to interpretation
and the auditor of our China affiliates is located in, and organized under the laws of, the PRC, we cannot assure you that we will not
be identified by the SEC as an issuer that has retained an auditor that the PCAOB determines it is unable to inspect or investigate
completely. In addition, there can be no assurance that, if we have a “non-inspection” year, we will be able to take adequate remedial
measures in response thereto. If any such event were to occur, trading in our securities could be prohibited under the HFCAA (or if
enacted, the AHFCAA). As such, we cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain the listing of the Common Shares on Nasdaq
or that you will be allowed to trade the Common Shares in the United States on the “over-the-counter” markets or otherwise, which
could material affect the value of the Common Shares.
The lack of PCAOB inspections in China prevents the PCAOB from fully evaluating audits and quality control procedures
of our independent registered public accounting firm, depriving us and our investors of the benefits of such PCAOB inspections.
Such inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of auditors in China makes it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of our
independent registered public accounting firm’s China affiliate’s audit and quality control procedures, which could cause investors
and potential investors to lose confidence in our audit procedures and reported financial information.
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It remains unclear what the SEC’s implementation process related to the above rules and amendments will entail or what
further actions the SEC, the PCAOB or Nasdaq will take to address these issues and what impact those actions will have on
companies that have significant operations in the PRC and have securities listed on a U.S. stock exchange. The above rules and
amendments and any additional actions, proceedings, or new rules resulting from these efforts to increase U.S. regulatory access to
audit information could create some uncertainty for investors, and the market price of our Common Shares could be adversely
affected. If our auditor is unable to meet the PCAOB inspection requirement, we may be required to engage a new audit firm, which
would require significant expense and management time. If we cannot engage a new auditor within a reasonable time under
reasonable terms, our Common Shares may be delisted, and the price of our Common Shares may significantly decrease.
The PRC legal system may limit our Company’s remedies which may impact our ability to enforce agreements in the PRC with
third parties.
The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Prior court decisions may be cited for reference but
have limited precedential value. Since the late 1970s, the PRC central government has promulgated a comprehensive system of laws,
rules and regulations governing economic matters. However, China has not developed a fully integrated legal system. Recently
enacted laws and regulations may not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities and the interpretation and enforcement of
these laws and regulations involves uncertainties and can be inconsistent and unpredictable. Since PRC administrative and court
authorities have significant discretion in interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, the remedies and the legal
protection we enjoy may be limited in the event of any claims or disputes with third parties. In addition, any litigation in China may
be protracted and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. In terms of enforcement,
agreements which are governed by PRC laws may be more difficult to enforce by legal or arbitral proceedings in the PRC than in
countries with more developed legal systems. Even if the agreements generally provide for arbitral proceedings for disputes arising
out of the agreements to be in another jurisdiction, in practice it may be difficult for us to obtain effective enforcement in the PRC of
an arbitral award obtained in that jurisdiction. Moreover, laws or regulations, particularly for local applications, may be varied and
enacted without sufficient prior notice or announcement to the public on a timely basis. Consequently, we may not be aware of a
violation of new or updated policies or rules until we are notified by the authority of the violation which may result in fine and/or
being ordered to change or temporarily suspend the relevant production facilities. As the PRC legal system continues to evolve, we
cannot predict if future developments in the PRC legal system could be detrimental to our Company and have a material adverse
effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations, and the value of our Common Shares.
Changes in China’s economic, political or social conditions or government policies could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial conditions and results of operations.
Certain of our subsidiaries operate in the PRC, where the enforcement of laws, rules and regulations can change quickly
with little advance notice. The PRC government may intervene or influence the operations of our PRC subsidiaries at any time, or
may begin exert more control over offerings conducted overseas. Accordingly, our business, financial condition and results of
operations may be affected to a significant degree by political, economic and social conditions in the PRC generally.
The Chinese economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including the degree of
government involvement, level of development, growth rate, control of foreign exchange and allocation of resources. While the PRC
government has been pursuing economic reforms to transform its economy from a planned economy to a market economy for more
than three decades, a substantial part of the PRC economy is still being operated under various controls by the government. By
imposing industrial policies and other economic measures, such as control of foreign exchange, taxation and foreign investment, the
PRC government exerts considerable direct and indirect influence on the development of the PRC economy. Furthermore, legislative
and enforcement actions and trends by the PRC authorities are not always predictable and recent focuses include, among others,
strengthening enforcement actions and levying significant fines under the Anti-Monopoly Law with respect to concentration of
undertakings, monopoly agreements and abusive behavior by companies with market dominance, conducting investigations and
cybersecurity review against critical information infrastructure operators which holds large volume of personal information of
individuals and regulating the processing of “important data” within the territory of the PRC with the promulgation of the PRC Data
Security Law and the Cybersecurity Law. The
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implications and applications of recent enforcement and legislative actions and guidance to us remain unclear at the moment, and as
such we cannot assure you that we will not be affected, either directly or indirectly, by the changing government policies and
enforcement trends.
In addition, pursuant to the Opinions on Lawfully and Severely Combating Illegal Securities Activities (the “Opinions”)
issued by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the State Council on July 6, 2021, among others, the PRC
government seeks to further strengthen judicial cooperation in cross-border supervision and law enforcement on securities activities.
Specifically, the government intends to strengthen the data/information security and confidentiality obligation of companies that are
listed overseas and proposes to establish a system of extraterritorial application of laws in the capital market. As the Opinions only
provide high-level guidance on future legislative and enforcement focus and trends, we cannot assess the direct implications of the
Opinions on our business, financial position and prospects until the specific regulations and rules have been released by regulators.
However, our China operation may be adversely impacted by a more regulated environment due to factors such as increased cost of
compliance and adjustment of our strategy. The future regulations on overseas securities issuance by China-based organizations may
have an adverse impact on our financial position, particular if we seek a spin-off of and foreign listing of our Chinese entities in the
future.
Furthermore, as many of the economic reforms carried out by the PRC government are unprecedented or experimental and
are expected to be refined and improved over time, our business, financial position and prospects may be adversely impacted by such
refining and adjustment process.
The State Administration for Market Regulation, the anti-monopoly enforcement agency in the PRC, has in recent years
strengthened enforcement under the Anti-Monopoly Law, including conducting investigations and levying significant fines with
respect to concentration of undertakings, cartel activity, monopoly agreements and abusive behavior by companies with market
dominance. While the business of APWC may not fall within the industries where recent active anti-monopoly enforcement efforts
have been focused on, we cannot assure you that we will not be affected, either directly or indirectly, by the strengthened
enforcements actions taken by the authority. In addition, in order to comply with existing and new anti-monopoly laws, regulations
and guidance which are constantly evolving, we may need to devote additional resources and efforts, including adjusting investment
strategy and business arrangements, which may adversely affect our business, growth prospects, and the value of our Common
Shares.
China’s privacy and data security laws have been constantly evolving and recently, the PRC’s top legislator (i.e. the
Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress) has released two pieces of key laws governing data: the Data Security Law
(the “DSL”) and the Personal Information Protection Law (the “PIPL”). The DSL and PIPL, together with the Cybersecurity Law
(the “CSL”), form the over-arching framework that governs data protection and cybersecurity in the PRC. The CSL has a focus on
cybersecurity and the protection of the critical information infrastructure (“CII”). The DSL focuses on regulating “important data”
and data processing activities that would have an impact on national security. The PIPL focuses on protecting personal information.
With respect to the DSL which regulates important data (which is not itself defined under the DSL but generally refers to
the data that is important from the perspective of national security and public/social interest), the scope of “important data” needs to
be further clarified both by central government and local/sector regulators in the subsequent catalogues to be issued pursuant to the
DSL. Subject to this and related laws, there is a requirement for PRC entities to undertake a cybersecurity review before listing in a
foreign capital market if such PRC entity processes the personal information of more than one million users. Whether the
cybersecurity review requirement will also be triggered if the listing company’s subsidiary is a PRC entity (as is the case for APWC)
is currently unknown. Based on the wording of the draft law, this does not appear to be the intent. However, to the extent that any
data that APWC’s PRC subsidiaries may in the future collect and process data within the PRC that falls within the scope of
“important data”, APWC will be subject to various statutory obligations, such as conducting national security review if the
processing activity may affect national security and periodically carrying out requisite risk assessment. Compliance with these
obligations and future rules that may be promulgated pursuant to the DSL would require us to incur additional costs and resources,
including the updating of internal procedures and hiring of external consultants to conduct assessments, which will increase of
APWC’s cost of production and adversely affect its profitability.
With respect to the recent investigations by the PRC Cybersecurity Review Office against multiple companies, such
enforcement actions were carried out pursuant to the Cybersecurity Review Measures (“CRM”) and the CSL. The CSL and the CRM
require CII operators to undergo a security review if the procurement of
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“network products and services” implicates China’s national security. “Network products and services” that may be subject to this
review include “core network equipment, high-capability computers and servers, high-capacity data storage, large databases and
applications, network security equipment, cloud computing services” and other network products or services that have an important
impact on CII. CII is broadly defined under the CSL and the recently enacted “Critical Information Infrastructure Security Protection
Regulations”. It generally refers to critical information infrastructure in important industries and sectors such as public
communications, information services, energy, transportation, water resources, financial, public services and e-government. Based on
a draft national guidance on CII identification released in 2016, industrial manufacturing (raw materials, equipment, consumer goods,
electronics manufacturing) is listed as an industry and key business that may have critical information infrastructure. Currently, there
is no official guidance released by the PRC government on how CII may be identified. The recent enforcement trends in the
cybersecurity area have generally targeted large internet and technology companies that process huge amount of personal data.
Neither APWC nor its subsidiaries have been implicated by such investigations or enforcement actions. However, any changes in the
interpretation of enforcement of such laws and regulations could implicate APWC’s operations in the PRC. To the extent APWC’s
subsidiaries in the PRC are subject to cybersecurity review requirements under the CRM and or other applicable regulations, APWC
may be unable to comply fully with the applicable requirements, and the cost of compliance may adversely affect its business and
financial position. Thus, any such change in government policy could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
conditions, results of operations and the value of our Common Shares.
Uncertainties with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the PRC Foreign Investment Law and Implementation
Regulations may affect our Company’s Corporate Governance.
On January 1, 2020, the PRC Foreign Investment Law (the “Foreign Investment Law”) and the Regulations for
Implementation of the Foreign Investment Law (the “Implementation Regulations”), came into effect and replaced the trio of prior
laws regulating foreign investment in China, namely, the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Enterprise Law, the Sino-foreign
Cooperative Joint Venture Enterprise Law, and the Wholly Foreign-invested Enterprise Law, together with their implementation
rules. Since the Foreign Investment Law and the Implementation Regulations are relatively new, uncertainties still exist in relation to
its interpretation and implementation. The Foreign Investment Law and the Implementation Regulations may affect our relevant
corporate governance practices and increase our compliance costs. For instance, the Foreign Investment Law and the Implementation
Regulations require that foreign-invested enterprises established before the Foreign Investment Law became effective have 5 years to
complete the necessary adjustments to their organization form, governance structure and other required matters to comply with the
PRC Company Law, the Partnership Enterprise Law and other laws. The PRC Company Law significantly differs from the Sino-
foreign Equity Joint Venture Enterprise Law and the Sino-foreign Cooperative Joint Venture Enterprise Law. These differences
include, but are not limited to, an enterprise’s highest authority, minimum number of directors, quorum, term of directors, voting
mechanisms, profit distributions and equity transfer restrictions. According to the Implementation Regulations, the provisions
regarding equity interest transfer and distribution of profits or remaining assets may remain the same as previously provided in the
contracts among the joint venture parties of a foreign-invested enterprise. Uncertainties still exist with respect to the specific
adjustments foreign-invested enterprises must make. The local branch of the State Administration for Market Regulation of the PRC
may, at its discretion, require our PRC subsidiaries to make necessary adjustments to their articles of association and other filing
documents to comply with the PRC Company Law and the Partnership Enterprise Law, as applicable.
In addition, the Foreign Investment Law and the Implementation Regulations impose information reporting requirements
on foreign investors and foreign-invested enterprises. Any foreign investors or foreign-invested enterprises found to be non-
compliant with these reporting obligations may be subject to fines or administrative liabilities.
The Foreign Investment Law does not address intercompany loans or the registration of profits of foreign-invested
enterprises. The wire & cable industry is not within the sector where foreign investment is prohibited or restricted pursuant to the
Special Administrative Measures on Access to Foreign Investment (Negative List Edition 2020). Accordingly, APWC’s PRC
business is unlikely to be directly affected by the rules and enforcements actions targeting variable interest entity structures, even if
APWC proposes a spin-off of its PRC entities and an offshore listing. However, it is not known whether these matters will be
addressed by additional laws or regulations promulgated pursuant to the Foreign Investment Law. The Foreign Investment Law and
the Implementation
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Regulations could be interpreted and implemented in a manner that could have a material adverse effect on our Company’s business,
financial condition and results of operations.
PRC regulation of loans to and direct investment in PRC entities by offshore holding companies may delay or prevent us from
making loans or additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries, which could materially adversely affect our ability to
fund and expand our business.
We conduct substantial business operations in China. We may make loans or capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries.
Loans or capital contributions by APWC or any of our offshore subsidiaries to our PRC subsidiaries, which are treated as foreign-
invested enterprises under PRC law, may be subject to PRC regulations and/or foreign exchange loan registrations. Such loans to any
of our PRC subsidiaries to finance their activities generally cannot exceed statutory limits and must be filed with China’s State
Administration of Foreign Exchange (the “SAFE”). We may also decide to finance our PRC subsidiaries by means of capital
contributions, in which case the PRC subsidiary is required to register the details of the capital contribution with the relevant
governmental authorities in China.
In light of the various requirements imposed by PRC regulations on loans to and direct investment in PRC entities by
offshore holding companies, we cannot assure that we will be able to complete the necessary government registrations or obtain the
necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to future loans or capital contributions by our Company to
our PRC subsidiaries and conversion of such loans or capital contributions into RMB. If we fail to complete such registrations or
obtain such approvals, our ability to capitalize or otherwise fund our PRC operations may be negatively affected, which could
materially adversely affect our ability to fund and expand our business, and could materially adversely affect or business, financial
condition and results of operations.
The PRC government’s control of currency conversion and expatriation of funds may affect our liquidity.
The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility RMB into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance
of currency out of the PRC. Our PRC subsidiaries represent the majority of the sales in our North Asia segment, which segment
constituted approximately 22.46% of our sales in 2021. Substantially all revenues of our subsidiaries organized under the laws of the
PRC, are denominated in RMB. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency in the PRC may restrict the ability of our PRC
subsidiaries to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends or to make other payments to us, or otherwise to satisfy their foreign
currency-denominated obligations. Under existing Chinese foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items,
including profit distributions, interest payments, and trade-related payments, can be made in foreign currencies without prior
approval from SAFE by complying with certain procedural requirements, including, among others, submission of relevant
documentary evidence of such transactions to designated foreign exchange banks in the PRC for processing of relevant payments. We
are required to present relevant documentary evidence of such transactions and conduct such transactions at designated foreign
exchange banks in the PRC. However, for any PRC company, dividends can be declared and paid only out of the retained earnings of
that company under PRC law and may be subject to taxation. As a result, our PRC subsidiaries may be restricted in their ability to
transfer cash outside of the PRC whether in the form of dividends, loans, and advances. If our PRC subsidiaries distribute dividends,
these restrictions and requirements could reduce the amount of distributions that we would receive, which could in turn restrict our
ability to fund our operations, generate income, pay dividends, and service our indebtedness.
Furthermore, approval from SAFE or its local branch is required where RMB are to be converted into foreign currencies and
remitted out of the PRC for payments of capital account items, such as the repayment of loans denominated in foreign currencies.
Without a prior approval from SAFE or its local branch, cash generated from the operations of our PRC subsidiaries may not be used
to repay debt in a currency other than the RMB owed by such subsidiaries to entities outside the PRC, or make other payments of
capital account items outside the PRC in a currency other than the RMB. The PRC government may also at its discretion, restrict
access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. In the current regime of stringent regulation of outflow of
capital, RMB outflow may face the same level of scrutiny by the PRC government as the outflow of foreign currencies.
Additionally, because repatriation of funds of our PRC subsidiaries requires the prior approval of SAFE and/or its authorized
bank and/or compliance with certain procedural requirements, such repatriation could be delayed, restricted, or limited. There can be
no assurance that the rules and regulations pursuant to which SAFE grants or denies such approval or stipulates the procedural
requirements will not change in a way that adversely
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affects the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to expatriate funds out of the PRC, thereby negatively affecting our liquidity, our results of
operations and the value of our Common Shares.
Political or social instability, including tensions between PRC and Taiwan, may materially adversely affect our Company’s
business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Political or social instability in China could also materially adversely affect our business operations or financial condition.
Lack of political or social certainty exposes our operations to increased risk of adverse or unpredictable actions by PRC government
officials. For example, APWC’s principal office is located in Taipei, Taiwan, and any escalation in political tensions between the PRC
and the government of Taiwan could materially adversely impact our ability to manage our operations in the PRC efficiently or
without third party interference. The PRC government has long advocated a one-China policy with regard to the Republic of China.
Any overtly aggressive actions by the PRC towards Taiwan could have a materially destabilizing impact on Taiwan generally, and on
our business in particular, and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
PRC State-Owned Enterprises have competitive advantages and our business and operations may be materially and adversely
affected in the event we must compete with such SOEs.
Much of the PRC's manufacturing output is still conducted through SOEs, which are often subsidized by the government
such that they are protected against the challenges of market forces confronting private enterprises. As a consequence, it can become
untenable for private enterprises in competition with SOEs to conduct profitable operations when the SOEs are being subsidized by
the government and may operate in a loss position for an extended period. Our Company’s business, financial condition and results of
operations may be materially adversely affected in the event it must compete with such SOEs.
Risks Related to the Common Shares and APWC
The Common Shares may be delisted from Nasdaq, which could affect their market price and liquidity.
The Common Shares are currently listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “APWC” on the Capital Market tier. In order for
the Common Shares to remain the listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market tier, we must continue to meet certain minimum financial and
other requirements including, without limitation, maintaining a closing bid price for the Common Shares of at least $1.00 per share.
Nasdaq’s rules provide for the delisting of the Common Shares if the closing bid price for the Common Shares falls below $1.00 per
share for 30 consecutive business days and we are unable to regain compliance with the applicable requirements in the time permitted
by Nasdaq.
In addition to Nasdaq’s enumerated criteria for continued listing on the Capital Market tier, Nasdaq also has broad
discretionary public interest authority that it can exercise to apply additional or more stringent criteria for the continued listing of the
Common Shares, or suspend or delist securities even though the securities met all enumerated criteria for continued listing on
Nasdaq. We cannot assure you that Nasdaq will not exercise such discretionary authority.
In accordance with the provisions of the Exchange Control Act 1972, as amended, and related regulations of Bermuda,
the permission of the Bermuda Monetary Authority (the “BMA”) is required for all issuances and transfers of shares (which includes
the Common Shares) of Bermuda companies to or from a non-resident of Bermuda for exchange control purposes, other than in cases
where the BMA has granted a general permission. The BMA, in its notice to the public dated June 1, 2005, has granted a general
permission for the issue and subsequent transfer of any securities of a Bermuda company from and/or to a non-resident of Bermuda
for exchange control purposes for so long as any “Equity Securities” of APWC (which include the Common Shares) are listed on an
“Appointed Stock Exchange” (which would include Nasdaq). In granting the general permission the BMA accepts no responsibility
for APWC’s financial soundness or the correctness of any of the statements made or opinions expressed herein. Consequently, if the
Common Shares are delisted from Nasdaq, it will be necessary to obtain the prior permission of the BMA to transfer such Common
Shares to any transferee, subject to any applicable general permissions issued by the BMA.
There can be no assurance that the Common Shares will remain listed on Nasdaq on any tier. Any delisting of the
Common Shares could materially adversely affect their market price and liquidity. If the Common Shares are
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delisted, APWC expects its Common Shares would be quoted on an over-the-counter market. If this were to
occur, APWC’s shareholders could face significant material adverse consequences, including the need to receive permission from the
BMA to transfer the Common Shares, limited availability of market quotations for the Common Shares and reduced liquidity for the
trading of the Common Shares. In addition, APWC could experience a decreased ability to issue additional securities and obtain
additional financing in the future.
As a foreign private issuer, there is less publicly available information concerning our Company than there would be if APWC
was a U.S. public company.
APWC is a “foreign private issuer”, as defined in the SEC’s rules and regulations and, consequently, APWC is not subject
to all of the disclosure requirements applicable to public companies organized within the United States. For example, APWC is
exempt from certain rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) that regulate disclosure
obligations and procedural requirements related to the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations applicable to a security
registered under the Exchange Act, including the U.S. proxy rules under Section 14 of the Exchange Act. In addition, APWC’s senior
management and directors are exempt from the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange
Act and related rules with respect to their purchases and sales of APWC’s securities. Moreover, APWC is not required to file periodic
reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. public companies, and is not required to file
quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or current reports on Form 8-K under the Exchange Act. Accordingly, there is less publicly available
information concerning our Company than there would be if APWC was a U.S. public company.
Future sales of APWC’s Securities may cause the prevailing market price of the Common Shares to decrease.
There may be future sales or other dilution of APWC’s equity, which could materially adversely affect the market price of
the Common Shares. APWC may, from time to time, issue equity securities, including Common Shares or securities that are
convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, Common Shares. The market price of the Common Shares
could decline as a result of issuances of any such equity securities or any such securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for,
or that represent the right to receive, Common Shares, or as a result of the perception that such issuances could occur.
The market for the Common Shares may not be liquid, which could cause volatility and adversely affect our prevailing market
price.
Active, liquid trading markets generally result in lower price volatility and more efficient execution of buy and sell orders
for investors, compared to less active and less liquid markets. Thinly-traded equity securities can be more volatile than equity
securities for which there is significant trading volume. In addition, APWC’s share price may be volatile and could be subject to
fluctuations in response to various factors, most of which are beyond our control. Liquidity of a securities market is often a function
of the volume of the underlying shares that are publicly held by unrelated parties. As of December 31, 2021, approximately 75.5% of
APWC’s issued and outstanding Common Shares were directly or beneficially owned by PEWC, a Taiwanese company. Following
the completion of APWC’s rights offering in February 2022 (as further described in Item 7 in this Annual Report) and as of the date
of this Annual Report, approximately 80.9% of APWC’s issued and outstanding Common Shares are directly or beneficially owned
by PEWC, with such Common Shares subject to certain restrictions on trading. In addition, although the Common Shares are
currently traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market tier, the trading and demand for the Common Shares has been historically limited. As
a consequence, shareholders may find that the value of their Common Shares and/or their ability to sell their Common Shares quickly
or in substantial amounts may be materially adversely affected by the limited public trading market of the Common Shares. In the
future, the Common Shares may experience significant price fluctuations which could materially adversely affect the value of your
ownership interest in APWC.
Our Common Shares have a limited public float and are subject to price volatility, which could adversely affect our prevailing
market price.
Given PEWC’s sizable ownership of our outstanding Common Shares, we have a limited public float, which adversely affects
trading volumes and liquidity in our Common Shares. We have experienced significant share price and volume fluctuations and could
be subject to continuing fluctuations in the future. The trading price of our Common Shares may fluctuate widely due to various
factors, including the level of purchases or sales in our
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Common Shares relative to total volume of trading in our Common Shares, actual or anticipated actions by PEWC, our controlling
shareholder, including purchases or sales of our Common Shares by PEWC, actual or anticipated changes in our financial conditions
and operating results, changes in our capital structure or liquidity including issuance of additional debt or equity to the public,
changes in our dividend policy, news regarding our products or geographic markets, and broad market and industry fluctuations. This
volatility in our share price, and limited trading volume in our Common Shares, could adversely affect our business and financing
opportunities.
Being the subject of an activist investor campaign could cause us to incur substantial costs, divert management’s attention and
resources, and have an adverse effect on our business. We have been in the past, and may continue to be, subject to proposals by
activist investors urging us to take certain actions. Responding to activist campaigns is generally costly and time-consuming, as we
may need to retain the services of legal, financial and communications advisors to assist APWC in responding to the activist
investor’s concerns, he costs of which could negatively impact our future financial results. A campaign could also divert the attention
of our directors and officers away from our business and operations, which could adversely impact our business. In addition,
perceived uncertainties as to our future direction, strategy or leadership arising from an activist campaign could cause our stock price
to experience periods of enhanced volatility or harm our ability to raise capital.
APWC may not be able to resume paying a dividend and any dividends paid in the future could be reduced or eliminated, which
could adversely affect our prevailing market price.
APWC did not declare or pay any dividends for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019. There are a number of
factors that can affect APWC’s ability to pay dividends and there is no guarantee that APWC will pay dividends in any given year or
pay any specific amount of dividends. APWC may not be able, or may choose not to reinstate its dividend program and pay future
dividends, and if reinstated any future dividend could again be eliminated or reduced. The declaration, amount and payment of future
dividends are at the discretion of APWC’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) and will be dependent on our Company’s future
operating results and the cash requirements of our Company’s business. In addition, APWC will not pay dividends in the event it is
not allowed to do so under Bermuda law. Furthermore, since APWC is a holding company, nearly all of the assets shown on its
consolidated balance sheet are held by its subsidiaries. Accordingly, APWC’s cash flow and its ability to pay dividends are dependent
upon distributions from its subsidiaries. The reduction, suspension or elimination of dividends may negatively affect the market price
of the Common Shares.
Our holding company structure and potential restrictions on the payment of dividends could materially adversely affect our
market price.
APWC is a holding company with no direct business operations other than its ownership of the capital stock of its
subsidiaries and equity investees. APWC’s principal assets are the equity interests it directly or indirectly holds in its operating
subsidiaries. As a holding company, APWC’s ability to pay dividends and meet its other obligations depends upon the amount of
distributions, if any, received from its operating subsidiaries and other holdings and investments. APWC’s operating subsidiaries and
other holdings and investments, from time to time, may be subject to restrictions on their ability to make distributions to APWC,
including, but not limited to, as a result of restrictive covenants contained in loan agreements, restrictions on the conversion of local
currency earnings into U.S. dollars or other currency, and other regulatory restrictions. For example, PRC legal restrictions permit
payments of dividends by our business entities in the PRC only out of their retained earnings, if any, determined in accordance with
relevant PRC accounting standards and regulations. Under PRC law, such entities are also required to set aside a portion of their net
income each year to fund certain reserve funds. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. The foregoing restrictions may
also affect APWC’s ability to fund operations of one subsidiary with dividends and other payments received from another subsidiary.
Distributions may also be limited from time to time by reason of restrictions protective of the rights of minority shareholders of
APWC’s subsidiaries and by reason of the current cash requirements of APWC’s operating subsidiaries. Such restrictions on
payments involving entities organized in PRC could adversely affect our liquidity, our business results and thus, the price of our
Common Shares.
APWC is incorporated in Bermuda, and investors may face limited recourse and enforceability against APWC as well as its
directors and officers as compared to corporations incorporated in the U.S.
APWC is incorporated in and organized pursuant to the laws of Bermuda with its principal office located in Taiwan. All of
APWC’s directors and officers reside outside the United States and our Company’s material assets
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are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States
upon such persons or to realize judgements against them in courts of the United States predicated upon civil liabilities under the
United States federal securities laws. Even if investors are successful in realizing judgments against such persons in courts of the
United States, the laws of Taiwan may render such investors unable to enforce the judgment against our Company’s assets or the
assets of APWC’s officers and directors. Also, investors may have difficulty in bringing an original action based upon the United
States federal securities law against such persons in the Taiwan courts. Additionally, there is doubt as to the enforcement in Bermuda,
in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of United States courts, of liabilities predicated upon U.S. federal
securities laws. As a result, shareholders may encounter more difficulties in enforcing their rights and protecting their interests in the
face of actions taken by management, the Board or controlling shareholders than they would if APWC was organized under the laws
of the United States or one of the states therein, or if our Company had material assets located within the United States, or some of
the directors and officers resided within the United States.
Control of APWC rests with its majority shareholder, PEWC, and APWC relies on Nasdaq’s controlled company and foreign
private issuer exemptions, all of which could materially and adversely affect our corporate governance.
PEWC holds more than 50% of our issued and outstanding Common Shares. Accordingly, we are a “controlled company”
within the meaning of Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards, and may elect to utilize exemptions from certain corporate
governance standards, including the requirement (1) that a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors, (2) to
have a nominating committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s
purpose and responsibilities and (3) to have a compensation committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a
written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities. We utilize the controlled company exemption for (1) the
requirement to have a majority of our Board consist of independent directors, and (2) the requirement to have a nominating
committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing such committee’s purpose and
responsibilities. While we rely on the controlled company exemption for (2), our independent directors oversee our process for
identifying director nominees and review the qualifications of such nominees.
At present, a majority of our Board is affiliated with PEWC, and we rely on Nasdaq’s allowance for foreign private issuers
to follow home country practices in lieu of the requirement that listed companies have regularly scheduled meetings at which only
independent directors are present (“executive sessions”). Nonetheless, our independent directors meet periodically in their capacity as
members of our Audit Committee. Our independent auditors and management occasionally join such meetings in the interest of
understanding management’s analysis of the Company’s financial performance and compliance with relevant corporate governance
requirements.
Because we have fewer independent directors (i.e. those who do not meet Nasdaq’s independence standards) on our board
than issuers that comply with all of Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards, you are not provided the same level of protection
afforded to investors in issuers that comply with all of Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards.
As APWC’s majority shareholder, PEWC has sufficient votes to control the outcome of any matter presented for a
shareholder vote, including the election of each member of our Board. PEWC may vote its shares in APWC in the manner that it sees
fit. In addition, subject to applicable securities laws, PEWC may sell, convey or encumber all or a portion of its ownership interest in
APWC without regard to the best interests of APWC’s other shareholders except to the extent that it is prohibited from engaging in
conduct oppressive to non-controlling interests under applicable law. The interests of PEWC may conflict with our interests or the
interests of our other shareholders. As a result, PEWC may take actions with respect to us or our business that may not be in our or
our other shareholders’ best interest.
Financial or corporate governance issues at PEWC may affect PEWC’s attention to and actions with respect to APWC,
including with respect to its performance of its obligations under, or increase uncertainty regarding its ability to perform its
obligations under, the Composite Services Agreement between APWC and PEWC. (See “Item 3.D. Risk Factors – PEWC may not
perform its obligations under the Composite Services Agreement” and “Item 10.C. Material Contracts” for a description of the
Composite Services Agreement.).
Potential conflict of certain officers and directors could adversely affect our corporate governance.
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APWC has three independent directors. The other six members of our Board are also directors or officers of, or otherwise
affiliated with, PEWC, APWC’s majority shareholder. Certain of APWC’s officers are also affiliated with PEWC. In each case, they
may be subject to potential conflicts of interest. In addition, certain of APWC’s officers and directors who are also officers and/or
directors of PEWC may be subject to conflicts of interest in connection with, for example, pursuing corporate opportunities in which
our Company and PEWC or one of its affiliates have competing interests, and in the performance by APWC and PEWC of their
respective obligations under existing agreements, including the Composite Services Agreement. In addition, some of these persons
devote time to the business and affairs of PEWC and its affiliates, which could reduce the amount of time available for overseeing or
managing our Company’s business and affairs.
General Risk Factors
Any failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business,
financial conditions, and results of operations and the market price of the Common Shares.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reasonable assurance with respect to our financial reports and to
prevent fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance
that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource
constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. The design of any system of controls also is based
in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in
achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, a control may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-
effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. As a result, even effective internal
controls are able to provide only reasonable assurance with respect to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements.
Any failure in our internal control could result in a material adverse effect on our business and a decline of investor confidence in the
reliability of our financial statements, which could materially adversely affect the market price of the Common Shares.
International trade policies may negatively impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Government policies on international trade and investment such as import quotas, tariffs, and capital controls, whether
adopted by individual governments or addressed by regional trade blocs, can affect the demand for our products and services and
those of our customers and impact the competitive position of our products or services or those of our customers. For example, the
business of our customers in China may be adversely impacted by the continuing trade friction between the United States and China.
We cannot predict future trade policy or the terms of any renegotiated trade agreements and their impact on our business. The
adoption and expansion of trade restrictions, the occurrence of a trade war, or other governmental action related to tariffs or trade
agreements or policies has the potential to adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, our customers, and our suppliers,
which in turn could materially adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our international business operations subject us to certain risks which may materially and adversely affect our business and
operations.
We are subject to risks specific to our international business operations, including: the risk of supply disruption; production
disruption or other disruption arising from events of force majeure, such as severe weather and climatic events; the outbreak of
highly infectious or communicable diseases such as COVID-19, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, swine influenza or pandemics
of a similar nature; the risk of potential conflict and further instability in the relationship between Taiwan and the PRC; risks related
to national and international political instability, such as disruptions to business activities and investment arising out of political
unrest and turmoil in Thailand; risks related to global economic turbulence and adverse economic developments in Asian markets;
risks associated with possible interest rate increases, which could result in increases in the cost of borrowing and reduced liquidity for
us and our customers; risks related to changes in governmental or private sector policies and priorities with respect to infrastructure
investment and development; unpredictable consequences on the economic conditions in the U.S. and the rest of the world arising
from terrorist attacks, and other military or security operations;
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unexpected changes in regulatory requirements or legal uncertainties regarding tax regimes; tariffs and other trade barriers, including
current and future import and export restrictions; difficulties in staffing and managing international operations in countries such as
Australia, Singapore, the PRC, Thailand and Taiwan; risks that changes in foreign currency exchange rates will make our products
comparatively more expensive; limited ability to enforce agreements and other rights in foreign countries; changes in labor
conditions; longer payment cycles and greater difficulty in collecting accounts receivable; burdens and costs of compliance with a
variety of foreign laws; limitation on imports or exports and the possible expropriation of private enterprises; and reversal of the
current policies (including favorable tax and lending policies) encouraging foreign investment or foreign trade by our host countries.
Climate change, or legal, regulatory or market measures to address climate change, may materially adversely affect our
Company’s financial condition and business operations.
Climate change resulting from increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere could present risks to our
Company’s future operations due to natural disasters and extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes,
wildfires, droughts or flooding. Such extreme weather conditions could pose physical risks to our Company’s suppliers and facilities,
disrupt operation of our Company’s supply chain, including availability of raw materials and transportation, and impact operational
costs.
Concern over climate change has resulted in both existing and pending legal and regulatory requirements designed to mitigate
its effects. Our Company is therefore subject to environmental, health and safety regulations in connection with its global business
operations, including but not limited to: regulations related to the development, manufacture, shipping and use of its products,
handling, discharge, recycling and disposal of hazardous materials used in its products or in producing its products, and the operation
of its facilities. Such measures subject us to additional costs and restrictions and require operating and capital expenditures, which
could impact our Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. For example, any pollutants and
waste generated during our Company’s manufacturing process need to be disposed of and/or mitigated in compliance with applicable
laws and regulations. Additionally, a lack of consistent climate legislation across the regions in which we operate may create
economic and regulatory uncertainty. Any failure or inability to comply with existing or future environmental, health and safety
regulations, including those relating to climate change, could result in significant remediation or other legal liabilities, the imposition
of penalties and fines, restrictions on the development, manufacture, sale, shipping or use of certain of its products and limitations on
the operation of its facilities.
In addition to regulatory compliance, growing customer sustainability requirements and shareholder sentiment in respect of
environmental and sustainability standards could cause our Company to incur substantial expense from time to time to alter its
manufacturing, operations or equipment designs to meet these regulatory and sustainability requirements as well as investor
expectations. Moreover, we may not be able to timely meet these requirements due to the required level of capital investment or
technological advancement. Any failure to comply with these regulations, or meet these customer requirements or sustainability
targets, could adversely impact the demand for our Company’s products and subject our business to significant costs and liabilities
and reputational risks that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Inflationary price pressures of raw materials or other inputs used by our business could negatively impact the profitability of our
business.
Increases in the price of commodities, raw materials, utilities, labor or other inputs that our operations or our Company’s
suppliers use in manufacturing and supplying products, components and parts, along with logistics and other related costs, may lead
to higher costs for our Company’s products and services. In addition, new laws or regulations adopted in response to climate change
could increase energy and transportation costs, as well as the costs of certain raw materials and components. Any increase in the cost
of inputs to our Company’s production could lead to higher costs for our Company’s products and could negatively impact our
Company’s operating results, future profitability and ability to successfully deliver on our Company’s strategy.
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ITEM 4:
INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
4.A.
History and Development of the Company
Asia Pacific Wire & Cable Corporation Limited was incorporated on September 19, 1996 as a Bermuda exempted company
limited by shares and incorporated under the Bermuda Companies Act 1981, as amended (the “Companies Act”). The address of
APWC’s principal office is Room B, 15th Floor, No. 77, Sec. 2, Dunhua South Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, and its telephone number
is +886 2-2712-2558. Our Company’s registered agent (and agent for service of process) in the United States is Puglisi & Associates,
with an address at 850 Library Avenue, Suite 204, Newark, Delaware 19711.
Principal capital expenditures consisted of purchases of property, plant and equipment totaling $8.5 million in 2021, $14.5
million in 2020 and $5.4 million in 2019, mostly for the purchase of production machinery and equipment in Thailand.
In 2022, we expect our business’ principal capital expenditures to include the purchase of new equipment to expand
production capacity in China and Thailand, and the construction of new factory buildings in Thailand. We expect total capital
expenditures in 2022 to be $0.8 million based on current assumptions, although this number could change based on market
conditions and other relevant factors. Our Company intends to pay for these expenditures with funds generated from its operations.
Our Company’s present plans also include the development of an alternative energy business in Taiwan by availing itself of
new tax-driven development incentives provided by the Taiwan government for the expansion of “green” energy alternatives. This
project remains at a development-stage and has not generated any revenues to date.
Our website is located at www.apwcc.com. The information contained or linked to on our website is not included in, or
incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 20-F. Our filings with the SEC, including reports, proxy and information
statements, and other information regarding us that is filed electronically with the SEC are available on the SEC’s website at
www.sec.gov.
4.B. Business Overview
Our Company’s Operations and Principal Activities
APWC is a holding company (incorporated in Bermuda with principal executive offices in Taiwan) that operates our business
through operating subsidiaries. Through our subsidiaries, our Company is principally engaged in the manufacture and distribution of
enameled wire, power cable, and telecommunications products in Thailand, Singapore, Australia, PRC, Hong Kong and certain other
markets in the Asia Pacific region. Our Company also provides project engineering services in supply, delivery and installation of
power cable (“SDI”). Our Company’s major customers include appliance component manufacturers, electrical contracting firms, state
owned entities, wire and cable dealers and factories.
APWC has no direct business operations other than its direct and indirect ownership of the capital stock of its subsidiaries and
equity investee holdings. Although APWC has not paid a dividend to holders of our Common Shares since 2019, APWC’s ability to
pay any dividends in the future, as well as to meet its other obligations and to fund operations, depends upon the amount of
distributions, if any, received from its direct and indirect operating subsidiaries and other holdings and investments. APWC’s
operating subsidiaries and other holdings and investments, from time to time, may be subject to restrictions on their ability to make
distributions to APWC, including as a result of restrictive covenants contained in loan agreements, restrictions on the conversion of
local currency earnings into U.S. dollars or other hard currency and other regulatory restrictions applicable to the countries in which
our subsidiaries are formed and conduct their business. For further discussion of the risks created by these restrictions and
limitations, see “Risk Factors-Risks Related to our Financial Activities” and “Risk Factors-Risks Relating to the Regions in which
We Operate.”
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Reporting Segments and Geographic Regions
We operate our business in three reporting segments: Thailand, North Asia, and Rest of World. Our Company’s power cable
and telecommunications cable products are primarily sold in the domestic markets of the countries where they are manufactured,
whereas a portion of the enameled wires manufactured by our Company in Thailand are exported, primarily to customers throughout
Southeast Asia. The following table sets forth our Company’s sales revenues for the periods indicated in its three reporting segments
for its principal product lines.
Year ended
December 31, 2021
Revenue from external customers
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
ROW
US$’000
Consolidated
US$’000
Total
segments
Power
Enamel
SDI
Others*
63,629
105,749
—
28,401
197,779
* include revenues from fabrication service contracts, and sale of other wires and cables products.
—
107,027
—
5
107,032
127,891
—
39,476
4,481
171,848
191,520
212,776
39,476
32,887
476,659
Year ended
December 31, 2020
Revenue from external customers
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
ROW
US$’000
Consolidated
US$’000
Total
segments
Power
Enamel
Fabrication
Others*
127,630
131,150
33,101
21,683
313,564
*include revenues from SDI service contracts (which amounted to US$15.6 million in 2020), and sale of other wires and cables
products.
48,851
57,971
33,101
3,724
143,647
—
73,179
—
20
73,199
78,779
—
—
17,939
96,718
Year ended
December 31, 2019
Revenue from external customers
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
ROW
US$’000
Consolidated
US$’000
Total
segments
Power
Enamel
Others*
128,179
179,572
30,409
338,160
* include revenues from SDI service contracts (which amounted to US$7.6 million in 2019), fabrication service contracts, and sale of
other wires and cables products.
49,493
102,997
19,889
172,379
78,686
—
10,520
89,206
—
76,575
—
76,575
The following chart sets forth the organizational structure as of December 31, 2021 of APWC and its principal subsidiaries, as
well as the percentage of ownership interest and voting power in each case. The location of the headquarters of each company is
indicated in parentheses above the company’s name (“T” for Thailand, “C” for China or Hong Kong, “S” for Singapore and “A” for
Australia).
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In Thailand, APWC has the following subsidiaries:
•
•
Charoong Thai Wire & Cable Public Co. Ltd. (“Charoong Thai”), a public company listed in Thailand that is majority
owned by APWC.
Charoong Thai owns three principal subsidiaries in Thailand, namely Siam Pacific Electric Wire & Cable Co. Ltd.
(“Siam Pacific”), Double D Cable Co. Ltd., and Siam Fiber Optics Co. Ltd.
Our Company produces and sells enameled wires, power cables, and telecommunication cables in Thailand. Charoong Thai is
one of the leading cable manufacturers in Thailand. Our distribution channels include both direct sales to state owned entities
and private sector participants in the infrastructure sector, and sales to agents for state owned entities. Sales within the
Thailand region are made directly by the sales department of the APWC’s operating subsidiaries in accordance with terms and
pricing set by the local subsidiaries. The major customers of our Company include clients working with the government and
its contractors.
In North Asia, APWC has four principal subsidiaries:
•
•
•
•
Crown Century Holdings Ltd. (“Crown Century”), which is a registered Hong Kong company majority owned by
APWC,
Shanghai Yayang Electric Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Yayang”), a PRC company that is majority owned by Charoong Thai,
Pacific Electric Wire and Cable (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd. (“PEWSC”), a PRC company wholly owned by Crown Century,
and
Ningbo Pacific Cable Co., Ltd. (“Ningbo”, collectively with PEWSC and Shanghai Yayang, the “PRC Subsidiaries”), a
PRC company wholly owned by Crown Century.
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Our Company produces and sells enameled wires in China. Our Company generally sells enameled wires directly to
manufacturers of electric motors for use in various consumer appliances. PEWSC manufactures enameled wires for electric,
video and audio products for the South China market. Shanghai Yayang, which had previously produced enameled wires,
ceased production at the end of October of 2019 and has been restructured as a trading company in Shanghai that supplies
mainly transformer, motor and coil manufacturers in the eastern part of China. Ningbo is currently a dormant entity. Our
Company continues to indirectly own the equity of Ningbo, which still holds its government-granted business license. Our
Company has disposed of all of the buildings and most of the equipment and the land use rights for the property where
Ningbo’s operations had been situated. The principal machinery utilized at the Ningbo facility has either been sold or stored at
other operating facilities of our Company.
In the ROW, APWC has three principal subsidiaries:
•
•
•
Sigma Cable Company Pte. Ltd. (“Sigma Cable”), a Singapore entity that is majority owned by APWC,
Epan Industries Pte. Ltd., a Singapore company that is wholly owned by Sigma Cable, and
Australia Pacific Electric Cable Pty. Ltd. (“APEC”), an Australian company majority owned by APWC through its
ownership in Crown Century and Sigma Cable.
Our Company produces and sells low voltage power cables in Singapore and Australia. In addition, our Company sells a wide
range of wire and cable products produced by third party suppliers in addition to PEWC. Our Company also offers SDI
project engineering services for medium and high voltage power cables to power transmission projects in Singapore. SP
Power Assets Ltd. has historically been the principal customer for our Company’s SDI services, accounting for nearly all of
our SDI sales. Sales to SP Power Assets Ltd. are under a comprehensive contract, with purchase orders placed from time to
time.
In addition to these principal subsidiaries in our reportable segments, we established Asia Pacific New Energy Co. Ltd.
(“APNEC”), a Taiwanese company, in Taipei City on October 26, 2018 for a new renewable energy business. APNEC seeks to
develop an alternative energy business in Taiwan by availing itself of incentives provided by the Taiwan energy authority for the
expansion of “green” energy alternatives. This project remains at a development-stage and APNEC has not generated material
revenue to date.
Dividends received from our operating subsidiaries and equity investees may be subjected to withholding taxes. Under the
Corporate Income Tax Law of the PRC, dividend distribution of profits to foreign investor(s) is subject to a withholding tax of 10%.
There is no withholding tax on dividend distributions from a Hong Kong entity to either residents or non-residents. In Thailand,
dividends paid by a company to any individual or corporate payee overseas are subject to a withholding tax of 10%. Under the
current Singapore corporate tax system, dividends paid by a Singapore resident company are tax exempt, and are not subject to
withholding taxes. In Australia, dividends paid to non-residents are exempt from dividend withholding taxes except when dividends
are paid out of profit that is not taxed by Australian income tax.
APWC’s operating subsidiaries are also responsible for sales planning, marketing strategy and customer liaison. Our
Company’s sales staff is knowledgeable about our Company’s products and also renders technical assistance, consulting services and
repair and maintenance services to our Company’s customers. Our Company does not conduct sales through independent sales agents
on a commission basis but uses its own sales employees located at APWC’s operating subsidiaries.
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Payment methods for our Company’s products vary with markets and customers. The majority of sales by our Company
requires payment within 90 days, but may vary depending on the customer and payment record. Sales pursuant to a successful project
tender or sales to governmental or public utilities are conducted in accordance with the tender or other applicable regulations. In
connection with the distribution of medium and high voltage power cables manufactured by PEWC, our Company is required to pay
PEWC 90% of the cost of the products either within 30 days of receipt of the product or, in the case of SDI products, upon
installation, with the remaining 10% in either case to be paid within one year. In connection with a purchase of copper rod, our
Company is required to pay PEWC the cost of the copper rod within 30 days from obtaining the products from PEWC. For the export
market, payment is usually made by prior delivery of an irrevocable letter of credit. Neither APWC nor its operating subsidiaries
offers financing for purchases of our Company’s products. Company employees engaged in sales and marketing are paid a salary and
may also receive a bonus based on performance.
Products are marketed under the respective names of the operating subsidiaries in each geography. For instance, products
manufactured by Siam Pacific are marketed under the “Siam Pacific” trade name. Products manufactured by Sigma Cable are sold
under the “Sigma Cable” brand.
Products and Services
Across our Company’s three reporting segments, our Company manufactures and sells a wide variety of wire and cable
products in primarily three general categories: enameled wire, power cable, and telecommunications cable. Our Company’s enameled
wires are used in the manufacturing of components and sub-components of a number of household appliances and small machinery.
Our Company’s telecommunications and power cables are used in a range of infrastructure projects and in commercial and residential
developments. In addition, our Company acts as a distributor in Singapore of wire and cable products manufactured by PEWC. Our
Company also offers SDI project engineering services of medium and high voltage cables for power transmission projects in
Singapore.
Products
Copper rod is the base component for most of our Company’s products. The manufacturing processes for these products
require that the rod be “drawn” and insulated. In the “drawing” process, copper rod is drawn through a series of dies to reduce the
copper to a specific diameter. For certain applications, the drawn copper conductor is then plated with tin. Copper used in cables is
covered with various insulating materials that are applied in an extrusion process. The insulated wires are then combined, or “cabled”
to produce the desired electrical properties and transmission capabilities. Then, depending upon the cable, some form of protective
cover is placed over the cabled wires. A summary of the manufacturing process used for our Company’s primary wire and cable
products is set forth below.
Enameled Wire
Our Company produces several varieties of enameled wires. Enameled wires are copper wires varnished, in an enameling
process, by insulating materials. The enameling process makes the wires more resistant to oil, heat, friction and fusion, and therefore
suitable for use in machinery and components and sub-components of manufactured goods. Our Company manufactures enameled
wires in sizes that range from 0.02 mm to 4.00 mm in diameter, varnished by various types of petroleum insulation materials
including polyvinyl formal, polyurethane wires and polyester. Enameled wire products are used in the assembly of a wide range of
electrical products, including oil-filled transformers, refrigerator motors, telephones, radios, televisions, fan motors, air conditioner
compressors and other electric appliances.
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Power Cable
Our Company also produces a range of armored and unarmored low voltage power transmission cables. Low voltage power
cables, generally considered to be cable with a capacity of 1 to 3.3 kilovolts, are typically used to transmit electricity to and within
commercial and residential buildings, as well as to outdoor installations such as street lights, traffic signals and other signs. Armored
low-voltage power cables are usually used for public lighting and power transmission running to buildings and installed either above
or below ground. Unarmored low voltage cables are mainly used as lighting and power supply cables inside and outside of buildings.
The voltage capacity of our Company’s power cables ranges from 300 volts to 1 kilovolt.
Production of unarmored cables begins by drawing and annealing of copper rods. The drawn copper wires are then stranded or
“bunched” into round or sector-shaped conductors in sizes ranging from 1.5 square millimeters to 1000 square millimeters. The
copper conductors are then covered in an extrusion process with a plastic insulator such as PVC, after which 2-5 conductors are
twisted into a circular cable core in a cabling process and covered by a plastic outer cover.
Unarmored cables are composed of one or more cores of copper wire, insulated by substances such as PVC. Armored cables
are produced in the same manner and the same range of configurations as unarmored cables, but with the addition of an outer layer of
galvanized steel or iron wires to protect the cables from damage.
Telecommunications Cable
Our Company produces a wide range of bundled telecommunications cables for telephone and data transmissions with
different capacities and insulations designed for use in various internal and external environments. The principal use of these cables
is as access cables to connect buildings and residents to trunk cables. Telecommunications cables produced by our Company include
copper-based and fiber optic cables.
Production of copper-based telecommunications cables begins by drawing a copper rod until it has reached the desired
diameter, after which the drawn wires are subjected to a process called “annealing” in which the wires are heated in order to make the
wires softer and more pliable. Utilizing an extrusion process, which involves the feeding, melting and pumping of a compound
through a die to shape it in final form as it is applied to insulate the wire, the wires are then covered by a polyethylene (“PE”) or
polyvinyl chloride (“PVC”) compound and foam skin, suitable for different installations and environmental conditions. In order to
reduce the cross-talk between pairs of communication wires, the insulated wires are then “twinned” or twisted so that two insulated
single wires are combined to create a color-coded twisted pair. The twisted pairs of wires are then “cabled” or “stranded” into units of
25 twisted pairs for combination with other 25 pair units to form cable of various widths and capacities. The appropriate number of
units is cabled together after stranding to form a round cables core. Depending upon the planned environment, a petroleum jelly
compound may then be added to fill the cable core to seal out moisture and water vapor. Aluminum or copper tape is used to “shield”
the cables and, finally, the shielded cable core is covered by plastic outer sheathing. Our Company manufactures telecommunications
cables with capacities and sizes ranging from 25 to 3,000 pairs of 0.4 mm-diameter wires to 10 to 600 pairs of 0.9 mm-diameter
wires.
Services
Fabrication
Our Company performs fabrication services for its customers, converting raw materials to wire and cable products. Raw
materials, such as copper, aluminum, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene and optic fibers, are commodities traded on global markets
with anticipated price fluctuations and currency risk. Given these risks, our Company provides fabrication services using customer-
owned materials in order to limit exposure to these risks.
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SDI Project Engineering Services
Given government and private sector infrastructure projects and residential and commercial buildings activity in Singapore,
our Company anticipates modest demand for medium and high voltage power and for value added services in the power supply
industry. To take advantage of these opportunities, our Company has developed an SDI project engineering capability. This SDI
project engineering involves supply, delivery and installation of primarily medium and high voltage cables to power transmission
projects in Singapore. In entering into a contract to supply, deliver and install cables for a power transmission project, our Company
delivers medium and high voltage cables and enters into subcontracting agreements with local companies to install the cables as
required by the project.
Raw Materials
As copper constitutes the most significant component of our Company’s wire and cable products, the price of our Company’s
products depends primarily upon the price of copper. In order to minimize the impact of copper price fluctuations, our Company
typically purchases copper at prices based on the average prevailing international spot market prices on the LME for copper for the
one month prior to purchase. The price of copper is influenced heavily by global supply and demand as well as speculative trading.
As with other costs of production, changes in the price of copper can affect our Company’s cost of sales. Whether this has a material
impact on our Company’s operating margins and financial results depends primarily on our Company’s ability to adjust selling prices
to its customers, such that increases and decreases in the price of copper are reflected in those selling prices. In the cases when we
enter into a long-term sales contract at fixed selling prices, rising copper prices could render this contract onerous and our Company
would be required to recognize losses from this onerous contract in the income statement. Most sales of our Company’s
manufactured products reflect copper prices prevailing at the time the products are ordered. A long-term decrease in the price of
copper would require our Company to revalue the value of its inventory at periodic intervals to the then net realizable value, which
could be below cost.
Our Company purchases copper in the form of rods and cathodes. Copper cathodes are thin sheets of copper purified from
copper ore. Copper rods are drawn into copper wires for the production of enameled wires, power cables and telecommunications
cables. Copper purchased by our Company in the form of cathodes must be sent to subcontractors to be melted and cast into the
copper rods necessary for the manufacturing processes. For example, our Company’s operating subsidiaries in Thailand may import
copper cathodes and utilizes services from their business partners, including Thai Metal Processing Co., Ltd., to process the copper
cathodes.
Our Company’s key suppliers include PT. Karya Sumiden Indonesia - Indonesia, Walsin Lihwa Corporation - Taiwan,
Mitsubishi Corporation RtM International Ptd.- Singapore, Glencore International AG.-Switzerland, and Marubeni Corporation-
Japan. Our Company attempts to maintain approximately a few weeks supply of copper rods and cathodes for its operations. Our
Company has regularly signed one-year contracts with each of the copper suppliers, pursuant to which our Company agrees to
purchase a set quantity of copper each month. Under the terms of such contracts, the price of copper is typically pegged to the
monthly average of the spot price of copper on the LME for the delivery month (M-0), or 1 month before delivery month (M-1) plus
a premium. Our Company has not had and does not anticipate any material supply interruption or difficulty in obtaining a sufficient
supply of copper rod or cathode, although the recent delays in shipping could increase our cost of acquiring copper. Our Company
anticipates that its copper suppliers will be capable of providing an adequate supply of copper to meet our Company’s requirements
and our Company does not anticipate any change in relations with its copper suppliers in the near term. (See Item 3D: Risk Factors-
Risks Relating to our Business: “The ability of suppliers to deliver raw materials, parts and components and energy resources could
affect our Company’s ability to manufacture products without disruption and in turn negatively affect our operations.”).
Our Company has historically purchased a small portion of its copper rods from PEWC. Under the Composite Services
Agreement between our Company and PEWC, PEWC has agreed to supply to our Company on a priority basis with its copper rod
requirements at prices at least as favorable as prices charged to other purchasers in the same markets purchasing similar quantities.
However, our Company has diversified its copper purchases from among a number of preferred copper suppliers to ensure that our
Company receives the most advantageous pricing on its copper purchases. Our Company does not currently purchase copper rods
from PEWC.
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Other raw materials used by our Company include aluminum, which is used as a conductor in power cables and petroleum-
based insulation materials such as PE, PVC and jelly compounds for insulating covers on cables and varnishes on enameled wires;
aluminum foils for sheathing of communication cables; and galvanized steel wires for the production of armored wires. Our
Company has not had and does not anticipate any difficulty in maintaining adequate supplies of these raw materials and expects to
continue to be able to purchase such raw materials at prevailing market prices. Other than import tariffs in Thailand, our Company
does not face any restriction or control on the purchase or import of its raw materials. Our Company may freely choose its suppliers
and negotiate the price and quantity of material with its suppliers. Our Company formulates consumption plans for raw materials
regularly and continually monitors market conditions in respect of the supply, price and quality of raw materials.
Inflation increases the cost of raw materials and operating expenses for our Company. If inflationary pressure persists, our
Company may not be able to maintain its operating margins by raising the prices of its products.
Quality Control
In order to maintain product quality, our Company has implemented a range of quality control procedures under the
supervision of dedicated quality control staff. Quality control procedures are implemented from the raw material to the finished
product stages at each of our Company’s major production facilities. Raw materials are inspected to ensure they meet the necessary
level of quality before production begins. During the manufacturing process, quality control procedures are performed at several
stages of production. Upon completion, finished goods are brought to quality control centers set up in the production facilities for
inspection and testing of different electrical and physical properties.
Depending on the requirements of its customers, our Company has the capability to manufacture products to meet a variety of
different quality and production standards. These include local standards and certifications, such as the Singapore Institute of
Standards and Industrial Research Quality Mark and the Thailand Industrial Standard, as well as other standards, such as the National
Electrical Manufacturers Association Standard, the British Standard, the Japan Industrial Standard and Underwriters Laboratories
Inc. Standard.
All of our Company’s principal operating entities have attained International Standards Organization (“ISO”) 9001
certification for quality management and assurance standards in the manufacture of electric wires and cables and have maintained
that certification for at least the last ten years. These certifications mean that these entities have in place quality assurance systems
and the capability to consistently manufacture products of quality.
Competition
The wire and cable industry in the Asia Pacific region is highly competitive. Our Company’s competitors include a large
number of independent domestic and foreign suppliers. Certain competitors in each of our Company’s markets have substantially
greater manufacturing, sales, research and financial resources than our Company. Our Company and other wire and cable producers
primarily compete on the basis of product quality and performance, reliability of supply, customer service, and price.
North Asia
PEWSC manufactures enameled wires in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone in Guangdong Province for electronic, video
and audio products in the south China market. It supplies mainly to transformer, motor and coil manufacturers. It faces competition
principally from overseas imports and local manufacturers.
Shanghai Yayang has been restructured as a trading company in Shanghai and it supplies mainly transformer, motor and coil
manufacturers in the eastern part of China. It faces competition principally from overseas imports and manufacturers in China.
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Thailand
The wire and cable industry in Thailand is highly competitive. In its various product lines, our Company competes with a total
of approximately thirty local wire and cable manufacturers and, to a lesser extent, with foreign producers for sales in Thailand of
power cables, enameled wires, and telecommunications cables. Our Company is one of the five largest producers in the Thai market.
Governmental approval processes, tariffs and other import restrictions have limited competition in the Thailand market from foreign
wire and cable producers. Our Company also experiences significant competition from a number of smaller producers with regard to
sales of enameled wire products.
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ROW
Although we believe that Sigma Cable is one of the major suppliers of power cable products in Singapore based on available
data, it is subject to significant competition from producers within the region. There are no tariff or other barriers against foreign
competition in the local Singapore market, and potential competitors are free to enter the industry. Because of high capital costs, our
Company does not presently anticipate that it is likely there will be new domestic entrants to the wire and cable industry in Singapore
in the near future that would present material competition to our Company or be in a position to capture a material percentage of our
Company's share of the market. However, the performance of Sigma Cable in 2021 was adversely impacted by increased intense
competition from other manufacturers seeking to capture a greater share of the Singaporean market.
In addition to APEC, there are two major wire and cable producers with operations in Australia: Olex Cables (owned by
Nexans) and Prysmian Cables, with factories in the States of Victoria and New South Wales, respectively. A significant portion of
Australian market is serviced by two importers: (i) Electra Cables which reportedly imports cables from China factories; and (ii)
World Wire Cables, which reportedly also sources cables from its Chinese partners to sell in Australian market. These companies are
APEC’s principal competitors. APEC is the only power cable producer in the State of Queensland and therefore seeks to take
advantage of its comparative proximity to Queensland-based customers in contrast to competitors that are required to transport their
products into Queensland from other states in Australia. APEC has sales offices with warehousing facilities in Sydney, Melbourne,
Brisbane, and Perth in order to attract and serve customers in those regions. APEC also has a distribution agreement with one of the
regional suppliers with the goal of generating additional business for the Australia operations.
Regional Considerations
The principal Asian markets in which we do business have displayed higher overall economic growth in recent years
compared to the United States and a number of other more developed markets, subject to occasional episodes of economic and
currency exchange volatility attributable to various factors including the increased risks of emerging market investment, actual or
potential political instability, and pandemics.
North Asia
Our Company’s North Asia operations are conducted principally in China. The economy of China differs from that of most
developed free-market economies in a number of respects, including structure, degree of government involvement, level of
development, growth rate, capital reinvestment, allocation of resources, rate of inflation, and balance of payments position. In recent
years, the government of China has implemented economic reform measures which emphasize decentralization, expansion of
consumption in the domestic market, residential and commercial real estate development, infrastructure development, utilization of
market forces and the development of foreign investment projects.
Thailand
The volume of sales of our Company’s products in Thailand tends to correlate with the general level of economic activity in
Thailand. As a result, the performance of our Company’s Thai operations depends in significant part on the general state of the Thai
economy. Infrastructure development and related construction projects in Thailand depend significantly upon government sponsored
initiatives. In recent years, the level of government involvement in infrastructure development has tended to track increases or
contractions in Thailand’s gross domestic product. Overall, the construction industry and infrastructure projects have slowed
considerably, thereby affecting local sales, placing competitive pressure on prices and prompting our Company to rationalize Thai
operations and actively seek overseas export markets. Political instability in Thailand tends to diminish governmental focus on
infrastructure development projects, which can adversely impact the volume of sales to our customers who are engaged in large
infrastructure projects.
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Insurance
apwc-20f_20211231.htm
Our Company maintains insurance policies covering certain buildings, machinery and equipment against specified amounts of
damage or loss caused by fire, flooding, other natural disasters and burglary and theft. Our Company does not carry insurance for
consequential loss arising from business interruptions or political disturbances and does not carry product liability insurance.
Consequently, the amount of our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover all potential claims or liabilities, and we may be
forced to bear substantial costs resulting from the lack of adequate insurance. No assurance can be given that we will not incur losses
beyond the limits or outside the scope of coverage of our insurance policies. Please see “Our insurance coverage does not cover all of
our business risks” is Section 3.d. above for more information regarding insurance coverage risks.
Environmental Regulations
Our Company is subject to a variety of laws and regulations covering the storage, handling, emission and discharge of
materials into the environment. Our Company believes that all of its operations are in material compliance with all applicable
environmental laws and regulations. Our Company has not been subjected to any material legal, regulatory or other action alleging
violations or breaches of environmental standards.
4.C.
Organizational Structure
Please refer to Business Overview in Item 4.B. above.
4.D.
Property, Plants and Equipment
Our Company’s manufactured products are produced at facilities located on premises owned or leased by Siam Pacific,
Charoong Thai, Sigma Cable, APEC, and PEWSC. The following is a summary of our Company’s material facilities and operations.
Siam Pacific owns a 7.45 acre production facility near Bangkok, Thailand, located on a 26.79 acre site that it also owns.
Telecommunications cables and enameled wires are manufactured at this facility. The production facility constitutes a portion of
certain property and assets which are pledged to financial institutions.
Charoong Thai owns a 34 acre production facility in Chachoengsao province, near Bangkok, Thailand, where
telecommunications cables and power cables are manufactured. The production facility is located on a 65 acre site which Charoong
Thai also owns. Neither the production facility nor the land is mortgaged.
Sigma Cable produces power cables on a 19,373 square meter site in Singapore leased from the Jurong Town Corporation
(“JTC”) for 30 years from September 16, 2000 to September 16, 2030. JTC is a government-linked corporation and is Singapore’s
largest industrial landlord. Building assets are pledged to United Overseas Bank.
APEC owns a 6,735 square meter power cable manufacturing facility on a 39,000 square meter land parcel in Brisbane,
Australia. The manufacturing facility and land are secured over a bank loan facility of APEC.
Shanghai Yayang ceased production by end of October of 2019 and has been restructured as a trading company, located in an
area of approximately 27,839 square meters of state-owned land in an industrial district in Fengxian, Shanghai. The land and
buildings were pledged to Industrial and Commercial Bank of China as security for a $1.2 million bank loan in 2020. Neither the land
nor the building has been mortgaged since the repayment of the secured bank loan in 2021.
PEWSC manufactures enameled wires in a facility on 36,000 square meters of state-owned land with a built-up area of 20,367
square meters in Long Gang, Shenzhen, China. A leasehold right of industrial land use for the land has been granted for 49 years.
The land and building are pledged to Agricultural Bank of China as security for a $2 million bank loan.
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Most of our Company’s facilities in Thailand, Singapore, Australia and China use production processes and equipment
imported from Europe, the United States, Taiwan, or Japan.
The production capacity and extent of utilization of our Company’s facilities varies from time to time, and such information is
considered to be commercially sensitive and proprietary information.
ITEM 4A: UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable
ITEM 5:
OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
5.A.
Operating Results
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the information contained in our audited consolidated financial
statements and notes thereto (the “Financial Statements”) referenced in Item 18 of this Annual Report. Selected accounting policies
are set out in Note 3 of our consolidated financial statements referenced in Item 18 of this Annual Report, which are prepared in
accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.
Selected Operating Data
Results are analyzed and reported along the lines of our three principal business segments, consisting of the North Asia
region, the Thailand region, and the ROW region. Included in the summary table below are certain results within our three business
segments with regard to net sales, operating profit, and operating profit margin for the periods covered. The following table sets forth
selected summary data for the periods indicated (dollar ($) amounts in thousands of U.S. dollars).
Operating Results
Net Sales:
North Asia region
Thailand region
ROW region
Total
Operating profit/(loss):
North Asia region
Thailand region
ROW region
Corporate expenses & adjustments
Total operating (loss)/profit
Operating profit/(loss) margin:
North Asia region
Thailand region
ROW region
2021
For the year ended December 31,
2020
(US$’000 except for percentages)
2019
$
$
$
$
107,032
197,779
171,848
476,659
$
$
73,199
143,647
96,718
313,564
$
4,523
(13,537)
6,690
(2,649)
(4,973) $
3,087
11,250
(4,492)
(2,288)
7,557
$
$
$
$
76,575
172,379
89,206
338,160
1,237
3,042
(1,659)
(3,269)
(649)
4.23%
(6.84)%
3.89%
4.22%
7.83%
(4.64)%
1.62%
1.76%
(1.86)%
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As of December 31, 2021, APWC is approximately 75.5% beneficially owned and is controlled by PEWC, a Taiwanese
company, with the remaining approximately 24.5% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares being publicly-traded in the
United States and listed on Nasdaq. Based upon a review of Schedule 13D and 13G filings made with the SEC by shareholders, and a
review of the share register maintained by APWC’s transfer agents in Bermuda and the U.S., we are not aware of any shareholders
resident in the jurisdictions where our Company has business operations. While our Company’s operations and results are impacted
by economic, fiscal, monetary and political policies of the respective governments in the countries where our Company operates, that
impact is not a function of APWC’s shareholder base. Inflation has, and may continue to, increase the cost of raw materials and
operating expenses for our Company. If inflationary pressure persists, we may not be able to maintain our operating margins even if
we raise the price of our products.
Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2020
Income Statement Data:
Revenue
Costs of sales
Gross profit
Other operating income
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other operating expenses
Operating (loss)/profit
Finance costs
Finance income
Share of loss of associates
Exchange loss
Other income
Other expense
(Loss)/profit before tax
Income taxes benefit/(expense)
(Loss)/profit for the year
Attributable to:
Equity holders of APWC
Non-controlling interests
General
For the Year Ended
December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
Changes
US$’000
Changes
%
$
476,659 $
(455,508)
21,151
587
(26,484)
(227)
(4,973)
(1,251)
123
(1)
(4,425)
671
(1)
(9,857)
1,345
(8,512)
313,564 $
(279,686)
33,878
814
(27,006)
(129)
7,557
(744)
320
(1)
(579)
1,173
(1)
7,725
(4,016)
3,709
163,095
(175,822)
(12,727)
(227)
522
(98)
(12,530)
(507)
(197)
—
(3,846)
(502)
—
(17,582)
5,361
(12,221)
(2,642)
(5,870)
(552)
4,261
(2,090)
(10,131)
52.0
(62.9)
(37.6)
(27.9)
1.9
(76.0)
(165.8)
(68.1)
(61.6)
—
(664.2)
(42.8)
—
(227.6)
133.5
(329.5)
(378.6)
(237.8)
Results of operations are determined primarily by market demand and government infrastructure projects, market selling
prices of our products, our ability to manufacture high quality products efficiently in quantities sufficient to meet demand and to
control production and operating costs. Our results are also influenced by a number of factors, including impacts from COVID-19,
currency stability in the countries in which our operations are located, competition and the cost of raw materials, especially copper,
which accounted for the majority of our cost of sales in 2021 and 2020.
In order to minimize the impact of copper price fluctuations, we attempt to “peg” the prices of our products to the prevailing
market price of copper and pass changes in the cost of copper through to customers as much as possible. In certain circumstances,
however, we remain affected by fluctuations in the price of copper. A recent rise or decline in copper prices may not be fully reflected
under this pricing scheme for several months.
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Average copper prices per metric ton increased by 50.98% from $6,169 in 2020 to $9,314 in 2021 (annual average). Copper
prices indicated in this Annual Report are quoted from the index published by the LME. The 2021 and 2020 average copper prices
were as follows:
Average LME copper price ($/Ton)
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Year
The average copper price in March 2022 on the LME was $10,237 per ton.
Revenue
2021
2020
8,479
9,711
9,371
9,697
9,314
5,638
5,341
6,521
7,174
6,169
Revenue from the North Asia region increased by $33.8 million, or 46.2%, from $73.2 million in 2020 to $107 million in
2021. The increase was primarily attributable to increases in copper prices and lower sales in 2020 because of the COVID-19
pandemic.
Revenue from the Thailand region increased by $54.2 million, or 37.7%, from $143.6 million in 2020 to $197.8 million in
2021. The increase was primarily attributable to increases in copper prices and lower sales in 2020 because of the COVID-19
pandemic.
Revenue in the ROW region increased by $75.1 million, or 77.7%, from $96.7 million in 2020 to $171.8 million in 2021. The
increase was primarily due to deferral of orders from 2020 to 2021 and increased local sales in 2021 resulting from stricter border
controls related to COVID-19.
Gross Profit
Gross Profit decreased by $12.7 million, or a 37.6% change, from $33.9 million in 2020 to $21.2 million in 2021. The gross
profit margin was 4.4% in 2021 compared to 10.8% in 2020. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily attributable to the
effects of copper price fluctuation, which increased loss on onerous contracts and diminution in the value of inventory in 2021 in the
Thailand region.
Operating Profit
Operating loss for 2021 was $(5) million, representing a decrease of $12.6 million, or 165.8%, from the operating profit of
$7.6 million in 2020.
The operating profit margin of the North Asia region increased from 4.22% in 2020 to 4.23% in 2021. The operating profit
was not affected by copper price fluctuation in North Asia.
The operating profit margin of the Thailand region decreased from 7.83% in 2020 to (6.84)% in 2021. The decrease was
primarily due to higher copper prices, resulting in increased losses on onerous contracts and diminution in the value of inventory.
The operating profit margin of the ROW region increased from (4.64)% in 2020 to 3.89% in 2021. The increase was primarily
attributable to decreased competition due to COVID-19.
Finance Cost
Our finance costs consist mainly of interest on bank loans and borrowings. Interest cost increased to $1.3 million in 2021
compared to $0.7 million in 2020. Interest-bearing loans and borrowings increased to $65.4 million in 2021 compared to $13.8
million in 2020. The proceeds of these loans were mainly used to fund capital expenditures, raw material purchase and working
capital needs of our Company due to higher sales and copper prices.
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Finance Income
Our finance income consists of interest earned on bank deposits. Interest income decreased from $0.3 million in 2020 to $0.1
million in 2021.
Share of Loss of Associates
Our share of loss remained consistent in 2021 compared to that of 2020. This was primarily due to the loss that our Company
recognized in accordance with its percentage ownership interest in Siam Pacific Holding Company.
Exchange Gain/(Loss)
The exchange loss of 2021 was primarily attributable to the depreciation of Thai Baht and appreciation of Chinese RMB. The
exchange rates on December 31, 2021 and 2020 are listed below, based on the Noon Buying Rate. Note that they do not reflect the
exchange rates at which transactions actually took place.
Foreign currency to US$1:
Thai Baht
Singapore $
Australian $
Chinese RMB
As of December 31,
2021
2020
33.33
1.352
1.377
6.373
30.02
1.321
1.297
6.525
Sources: Federal Reserve Bulletin, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.10,
from the website of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System at http://www.federalreserve.gov.
Income taxes
Income tax expense was ($1.3) million in 2021 compared to $4.0 million in 2020. The decrease of income tax is mainly due to
deferred tax assets from net operating losses recognized by Charoong Thai in 2021.
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Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared with Year Ended December 31, 2019
Income Statement Data:
Revenue
Costs of sales
Gross profit
Other operating income
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other operating expenses
Operating (loss)/profit
Finance costs
Finance income
Share of loss of associates
Exchange gain/(loss)
Other income
Other expense
Profit before tax
Income taxes expense
Profit/(loss) for the year
Attributable to:
Equity holders of APWC
Non-controlling interests
General
For the Year Ended
December 31,
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
Changes
US$’000
Changes
%
$
$
313,564 $
(279,686)
33,878
814
(27,006)
(129)
7,557
(744)
320
(1)
(579)
1,173
(1)
7,725
(4,016)
3,709 $
338,160 $
(313,373)
24,787
385
(25,051)
(770)
(649)
(1,012)
506
(3)
1,550
717
(3)
1,106
(2,057)
(951)
(24,596)
33,687
9,091
429
(1,955)
641
8,206
268
(186)
2
(2,129)
456
2
6,619
(1,959)
4,660
(7.3)
10.7
36.7
111.4
(7.8)
83.2
1,264.4
26.5
(36.8)
66.7
(137.4)
63.6
66.7
598.5
(95.2)
490.0
(552)
4,261
(1,632)
681
1,080
3,580
66.2
525.7
Results of operations are determined primarily by market demand and government infrastructure projects, market selling
prices of our products, our ability to manufacture high quality products efficiently in quantities sufficient to meet demand and to
control production and operating costs. Our results are also influenced by a number of factors, including impacts of COVID-19,
currency stability in the countries in which our operations are located, competition and the cost of raw materials, especially copper,
which accounted for the majority of our cost of sales in 2020 and 2019.
In order to minimize the impact of copper price fluctuations, we attempt to “peg” the prices of our products to the prevailing
market price of copper and pass changes in the cost of copper through to customers as much as possible. In certain circumstances,
however, we remain affected by fluctuations in the price of copper. A recent rise or decline in copper prices may not be fully reflected
under this pricing scheme for several months.
Average copper prices per metric ton increased by 2.73% from $6,005 in 2019 to $6,169 in 2020 (annual average). Copper
prices indicated in this Annual Report are quoted from the index published by the LME. The 2020 and 2019 average copper prices
were as follows:
Average LME copper price ($/Ton)
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Year
41
2020
2019
5,638
5,341
6,521
7,174
6,169
6,220
6,114
5,798
5,888
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Revenue
Total sales in the North Asia region decreased by $3.4 million, or 4.4%, from $76.6 million in 2019 to $73.2 million in 2020.
The decrease was primarily due to Shanghai Yayang’s cessation of manufacturing operations in October 2019.
Revenue from the Thailand region decreased by $28.8 million, or 16.7%, from $172.4 million in 2019 to $143.6 million in
2020. The decrease was primarily due to decreased sales of low margin products.
Revenue in the ROW region increased by $7.5 million, or 8.4%, from $89.2 million in 2019 to $96.7 million in 2020. The
increase was primarily attributable to abating competition for reasons associated with COVID-19.
Gross Profit
Gross Profit increased by $9.1 million, or a 36.7% change, from $24.8 million in 2019 to $33.9 million in 2020. The gross
profit margin was 10.8% in 2020 compared to 7.33% in 2019. The improvement in gross profit margin was primarily due to a shift in
sales mix from lower margin items to higher margin items.
Operating Profit
Operating profit for 2020 was $7.6 million, representing an improvement by $8.2 million, or 1,264.4% from an operating loss
of $(0.6) million in 2019.
The operating profit margin of the North Asia region increased from 1.62% in 2019 to 4.22% in 2020. The increase was
attributable primarily to an improvement in sales mix and a reduction in severance expenses, mostly occurred in 2019 resulted from
the restructuring of Shanghai Yayang.
The operating profit margin of the Thailand region increased from 1.76% in 2019 to 7.83% in 2020. The increase was
attributable primarily to an improvement in sales mix.
The operating loss margin of the ROW region worsened from (1.86)% in 2019 to (4.64)% in 2020. The decline was primarily
attributive to reasons associated with COVID-19 and fluctuation of copper price.
Finance Cost
Our finance costs consist mainly of interest on bank loans and borrowings. Interest cost decreased to $0.7 million in 2020
compared to $1.0 million in 2019. However, interest-bearing loans and borrowings increased to $13.8 million in 2020 compared to
$11.3 million in 2019. The proceeds of these loans were mainly used to fund capital expenditures and working capital needs of our
Company.
Finance Income
Our finance income consists of interest earned on bank deposits. Interest income decreased from $0.5 million in 2019 to $0.3
million in 2020.
Share of Loss of Associates
The share of loss remained consistent in 2020 compared to that of 2019. This was primarily due to the loss that our Company
recognized in accordance with its percentage ownership interest in Siam Pacific Holding Company.
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Exchange Gain/(Loss)
The exchange loss of 2020 was primarily attributable to the depreciation of Thai Baht and appreciation of Chinese RMB. The
exchange rates at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are listed below, based on the Noon Buying Rate. However, they do not reflect the
rates at which transactions actually took place.
Foreign currency to US$1:
Thai Baht
Singapore $
Australian $
Chinese RMB
As of December 31,
2020
2019
30.02
1.321
1.297
6.525
29.75
1.345
1.423
6.962
Sources: Federal Reserve Bulletin, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.10,
from the website of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System at http://www.federalreserve.gov.
Income taxes
Income tax expense was $4.0 million in 2020 compared to $2.1 million in 2019. The change was mainly due to the increase in
taxable income.
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5.B . Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2021, we had $44.5 million in cash and cash equivalents, primarily in bank accounts and cash on hand.
The majority of this cash and cash equivalents was held at our operating subsidiaries in Thai Bhat, U.S. dollar, and Chinese RMB.
Our current sources of cash are our cash on hand, cash generated by our operations, and our credit facilities. Our liquidity is primarily
utilized for the purchase and replacement of property, plant and equipment, future acquisitions and expenditures for ongoing
operations.
We maintain several revolving working capital and overdraft credit facilities with various commercial bank groups and
financial institutions (the “Facilities”). As of December 31, 2021, the total amount of the Facilities was approximately $270.1 million
and the unused amount of the Facilities was approximately $153.2 million (taking into account letters of credit issued thereunder).
The Facilities do not have termination dates but are reviewed annually for renewal. There is no seasonality to our Company’s
borrowing. For details of our Company’s bank loans and borrowings, see Note 11(b) to our consolidated financial statements. As of
December 31, 2021, a majority of the short-term bank loans and borrowings were held at variable interest rates, whereas the long-
term bank loans were held at a fix interest rate.
Except for foreign currency forward contracts, our Company did not use other derivatives to hedge financial risks in 2021.
Please refer to Note 11(c) and Note 27 to our consolidated financial statements for information about the management of financial
risks.
In February 2022, we completed a rights offering in which we received gross proceeds of approximately $8.3 million before
any expenses of the rights offering from the sale of 6,796,558 Common Shares. The net proceeds of the rights offering will be used
for general working capital and corporate purposes. The Company’s controlling shareholder, PEWC, purchased 6,259,924 Common
Shares including through an exercise of over-subscription rights. Please see Item 10 of this Annual Report for additional information
regarding the rights offering.
On July 10, 2020, APWC entered into a secured loan agreement (the “Secured Loan”) with PEWC as lender. In August 2020,
we borrowed the principal amount of $6 million under the Secured Loan from PEWC, pledging our Company’s 98.3% ownership
stake in Sigma Cable as collateral. This loan was a straight loan with a fixed interest rate of 3% per annum. In June 2021, such loan
was repaid in full to PEWC, and the facility was terminated.
APWC has no direct business operations other than its ownership of the capital stock of its subsidiaries and equity investees.
As a holding company, APWC’s ability to pay dividends, as well as to meet its other obligations such as holding company needs,
depends mainly upon the amount of distributions, if any, received from its operating subsidiaries and other holdings and investments.
The working capital and capital expenditure needs of APWC’s operating subsidiaries are primarily funded and met by their
own operations and borrowings from banks. APWC does not fund the operations or capital expenditure needs of its subsidiaries on
an ordinary course basis. However, the Board may authorize contributions from time to time to its subsidiaries on an as needed basis.
There were no contributions from APWC to any of our subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, or 2019.
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Of the $44.5 million in cash and cash equivalents that we had on hand as of December 31, 2021, $1.2 million was held at
APWC, and the remainder was held by its subsidiaries. APWC uses its cash position to pay operating expenses and other obligations.
All of the Facilities are at the subsidiary level; APWC does not have any Facilities. APWC’s operating subsidiaries and other
holdings and investments, from time to time, may be subject to restrictions on their ability to make distributions to APWC, including,
but not limited to, as a result of restrictive covenants contained in their loan agreements, restrictions on the conversion of local
currency earnings into U.S. dollars or other currency, and other regulatory restrictions. For example, PRC legal restrictions permit
payments of dividends by our business entities in the PRC only out of their retained earnings, if any, determined in accordance with
relevant PRC accounting standards and regulations. Under PRC law, such entities are also required to set aside a portion of their net
income each year to fund certain reserve funds. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. The foregoing restrictions may
also affect APWC’s ability to fund operations of one subsidiary with dividends and other payments received from another subsidiary.
Distributions may also be limited from time to time by reason of restrictions protective of the rights of minority shareholders of
APWC’s subsidiaries and by reason of the current cash requirements of its operating subsidiaries. Consequently, we periodically need
to manage our corporate cash needs to align with the permitted timing of distributions.
Net cash used by operating activities in the year ended December 31, 2021 was $41.6 million, as compared to $16.4 million of
net cash provided by operating activities in the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in cash used from operations was
primarily due to higher copper prices compared to 2020.
Net cash provided by operating activities in the year ended December 31, 2020 was $16.4 million, as compared to $15.1
million of net cash provided by operating activities in the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase in cash generated from
operations was primarily attributable to improved product margins.
Days of sales outstanding (“DSO”) is a measure of the average collection period of accounts receivable, and although the
calculation is influenced by the period used and the timing of sales within that period, it can provide insight into the variances in
collections from period to period. Our DSO for 2021 was 71 days, as compared to 91 days for 2020. The change was primarily due to
the pandemic being effectively controlled, as the impact of COVID-19 boosted the DSO for 2020. We have in place policies across
our Company that emphasize the importance of continuous focus on collection efforts.
In 2021, cash used in investing activities was $6.2 million compared to $20.3 million used in investing activities in 2020. The
decrease in net cash used in investing activities was primarily attributable to decreased purchases of property, plant and equipment in
2021.
In 2020, cash used in investing activities was $20.3 million compared to $6.4 million used in investing activities in 2019. The
increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily attributable to increased purchases of property, plant and equipment.
Net cash inflows from financing activities were $42.4 million in 2021. The cash inflows in 2021 were primarily attributable to
an increase in borrowings.
Net cash inflows from financing activities were $2.1 million in 2020. The cash inflows in 2020 were primarily attributable to
an increase in borrowings.
We believe funds generated by our operating activities, our cash on hand and amounts available to us under our credit
facilities will provide adequate cash to fund our requirements through at least the next twelve months. We believe that we have
sufficient liquidity to meet our anticipated working capital, capital expenditures, general corporate requirements, and other short-term
and long-term obligations as they come due. We also believe that our strong cash and cash equivalents position are critical at this
time of uncertainty. To the extent that current and anticipated future sources of liquidity are insufficient to fund our future business
activities and requirements, we may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing (including by engaging in debt and/or
equity financings with our principal shareholder).
The following table sets forth our Company’s contractual obligations as of December 31, 2021:
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Contractual obligations
(In thousands of US$)
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Lease obligations
Capital commitment relating to factory building improvement and
acquisition of machinery
Purchase obligations for raw materials
Payments due by period
Less
than
1 year
1-5
years
More
than
5 years
Total
$
$
66,777
2,738
62,295
637
874
262,162
332,551
804
262,162
325,898
856
1,337
70
—
2,263
3,626
764
—
—
4,390
Our Company has not entered into any transactions with unconsolidated entities whereby our Company has financial
guarantees or other contingent arrangements that expose our Company to material continuing risks, contingent liabilities, or any other
obligation in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk, or credit risk support to our Company.
5.C.
Research and Development
Our Company does not currently engage in its own research and development. Under the Composite Services Agreement with
PEWC described herein, our Company benefits from research and development conducted by PEWC at little or no cost to our
Company. Accordingly, our Company has not made material expenditures on or commitments to research and development since its
formation.
5.D.
Trend Information
We are not aware of any trend, commitment, event or uncertainty that can reasonably be expected to have a material effect on
our current or future business other than the following, each of which has materially impacted our financial results in the past and
may do so in the future:
•
•
Uncertainty arising from the volatility in the cost of copper, our principal raw material. The yearly average copper
price per ton increased from $6,005 in 2019 to $6,169 in 2020, and rose sharply to $9,314 in 2021. Copper price
reached a record high in May 2021, with the monthly average copper price of $10,184 per ton. Under our business
model, our Company, like other companies in the industry, is affected by movements in the price of copper, our
principal raw material. (See “Item 3. Key Information–Risk Factors–Risks Relating to our Business–Significant
volatility in copper prices could be detrimental to our profitability” for more information about the effects of
movements in the price of copper on our Company.)
Fluctuations in the demand for our products in the markets in which we do business. Demand for our products in the
markets in which we do business fluctuates based upon variations in the level of governmental and private investments
in communications, power and industrial projects and programs that utilize our products. We are not an end-user of our
products and, therefore, we depend upon the requirements of our customers to generate sales.
(See “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks.”)
5.E.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The critical accounting estimates and judgements and those that are most significant in connection with our financial
statement policies are set out in Note 3.23 of our consolidated financial statements referenced in Item 18 of this Annual Report,
which are prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.
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Given the uncertainties inherent in our business activities, we must make certain estimates and assumptions that require
difficult, subjective and complex judgments. Because of uncertainties inherent in such judgments, actual outcomes and results may
differ from our assumptions and estimates, which could materially affect our consolidated financial statements.
ITEM 6:
DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
6.A.
Directors and Senior Management
There is only one class of directorships, with each director entitled to one vote on any matters presented to the Board, and
none of the directors possess any veto power over matters presented to the Board or any other special or enhanced voting rights. The
Bye-Laws provide that a quorum consists of a majority of the directors then in office. As of December 31, 2021, there were a total of
nine (9) directors on the Board, including three independent directors, Mr. Anson Chan, Dr. Yichin Lee, and Dr. Lambert Ding. By a
resolution passed at APWC’s most recent annual general meeting of shareholders (the “2021 AGM”) held on December 23, 2021,
the shareholders set the minimum number of directors at two (2) and the maximum number of directors at nine (9). Each director is
entitled to one vote, and approval of any matter requires a simple majority assuming a quorum is present. The following table sets
forth certain information concerning the current directors and certain other officers of APWC. All directors are subject to annual
election by the shareholders of APWC. Each of the directors was reelected at APWC’s 2021 AGM. Officers generally hold office for
such period and upon such terms as the Board may determine.
Name
Ocorian Services (Bermuda) Limited.
Anson Chan
Lambert L. Ding
Yichin Lee
Chang Hung Sen
David Sun
Fang Hsiung Cheng
George Sun
Lee Gai Poo
Yuan Chun Tang
William Gong Wei
Ivan Hsia
Daphne Hsu
Date of Birth
N/A
November 3, 1963
October 12, 1959
January 4, 1961
October 28, 1954
December 22, 1953
May 31, 1942
April 4, 1951
February 28, 1957
November 26, 1960
October 31, 1961
August 14, 1973
August 12, 1962
Position
Assistant Resident Secretary
Independent director, Audit Committee Chairman
Independent director, Audit Committee Member
Independent director, Audit Committee Member
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director, Chief Executive Officer
Chief Operating Officer
Chief Financial Officer
Financial Controller
Certain officers and directors of APWC are or were also officers or directors of PEWC and/or PEWC affiliates, as described
below. A brief professional summary for each member of our Board and senior management is as follows:
Mr. Anson Chan has been an independent member of our Board and a member and Chairman of the Audit Committee and
compensation committee since 2007. Mr. Chan is also a Managing Director of the Bonds Group of Companies and was a Senior
Advisor to Elliott Associates from 2005 to 2008. He is also a Certified Public Accountant in the U.S. and a Charted Accountant in
Ontario, Canada.
Dr. Lambert Ding has been an independent member of our Board since 2011. Dr. Ding is the president and CEO of Union
Environmental Engineering Services and before that, he was an Associate Professor at Yuan Ze University. Dr. Ding holds a Doctor
of Philosophy degree from the University of Southern California, awarded in 1989. He is also a Registered Environment Assessor
and holds several patents. Dr. Ding serves as a member of the audit committee and compensation committee.
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Dr. Yichin Lee has been an independent member of our Board and served on the Audit Committee since 2007. He is also a
member of the compensation committee. Dr. Lee is the Managing Director of FCC partners. Dr. Yichin Lee holds a doctorate degree
in Resource Planning and Management from Stanford University. Dr. Yichin Lee is not related to Mr. Michael C. Lee.
Mr. Chang Hung Sen has been a member of our Board since 2021. He also served as Tachi Plant Manager of PEWC from
2004 to 2009. Mr. Chang served as General Plant Manager and Tachi Plant Manager of PEWC from 2009 to 2011. Mr. Chang has
served as Vice President and General Plant Manager of PEWC since 2011.
Mr. David Sun has been a member of our Board since 2007. He also serves as President of PEWC and Managing Director of
Charoong Thai. Mr. David Sun and Mr. George Sun are siblings.
Mr. Fang Hsiung Cheng has been a member of our Board since 2006. He also serves as Assistant Vice President of PEWC.
Mr. Fang Hsiung Cheng is not related to Mr. Andy C.C. Cheng.
Mr. George Sun has been a member of our Board since 2021, and a member of PEWC’s Board of Directors since 2015. He
also serves as Vice Chairman of PEWC. Mr. Sun started his own business in Silicon Valley in 1983 and successfully took the
company public 10 years later. Mr. Sun is also a leading a venture capitalist and has been coaching startup companies for many
years. Mr. George Sun and Mr. David Sun are siblings.
Mr. Lee Gai Poo has been a member of our Board since 2021. He also served as Vice President and General Plant Manager of
PEWC from 2004 to 2008. He served as a member of APWC’s Board from 2006 to 2011. Mr. Lee Gai Poo has served as Executive
Vice President of PEWC since 2021.
Mr. Yuan Chun Tang has been a member of our Board since 2004 and Chief Executive Officer since 2005. Mr. Yuan served as
APWC’s Chairman from 2005 to 2009. He has also served as Chairman of PEWC since 2004. Mr. Yuan served as the Director of the
Taiwan Co-generation Corp. from 2005 to 2008. Mr. Yuan has also been the Chairman of the Taiwan Electric Wire & Cable
Industries Association since 2004. He has served as the Supervisor to the Taipei Importers/Exporters Association as well as the
Director of Chinese National Federation of Industries in Taiwan since 1998 and 2004, respectively.
Mr. William Gong Wei has been Chief Operating Officer of APWC since April 1, 2013. He was first assigned to Charoong
Thai. as Engineer, Assistant Plant Manager, and later as a consultant to the high voltage cable division from 1991 to 2000. Thereafter,
Mr. Gong Wei left Charoong Thai to pursue other professional activities and rejoined our Company in 2009. In April 2009 he was
appointed as General Manager of Sigma Cable in Singapore. Mr. Gong Wei holds a master’s degree from the Asian Institute of
Technology in Bangkok, Thailand.
Mr. Ivan Hsia has been Chief Financial Officer of APWC since August 1, 2013. Mr. Hsia previously served as the Deputy
CFO of APWC. Prior to that, he served as the Senior Internal Audit Manager of APWC. Before joining APWC, Mr. Hsia was the
head of internal audit at Newegg.com in Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Ms. Daphne Hsu has been Financial Controller of APWC since March 2005, prior to which she served as Financial Controller
for ten years in Taiwan and China at a Thomson SA joint venture.
The Common Shares currently trade on the Capital Market tier of Nasdaq. APWC is relying upon the “controlled company
exemption” that is available to issuers under the rules of Nasdaq as our Board is not composed of a majority of independent directors.
The “controlled company exemption” provides that an issuer is not required to have its Board of Directors consist of a majority of
independent directors if a shareholder, or two or more shareholders who constitute a group, have beneficial ownership of more than
50% of the issued and outstanding voting securities of the issuer. As of December 31, 2021, PEWC owned and controlled, directly or
indirectly, approximately 75.5% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares of APWC.
No service contracts exist between any officers or directors sitting on the Board and APWC or any of its subsidiaries
providing for benefits upon termination of employment.
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APWC has no arrangements or understandings with any major shareholders, customers, suppliers or others, pursuant to which
any person referred to above was selected as a director or member of senior management.
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Diversity
Our Board diversity matrix is set out below.
Board Diversity Matrix (As of December 31, 2021)
Country of Principal Executive Offices:
Foreign Private Issuer
Disclosure Prohibited under Home Country Law
Total Number of Directors
Part I: Gender Identity
Directors
Part II: Demographic Background
Underrepresented Individual in Home Country Jurisdiction
LGBTQ+
Did Not Disclose Demographic Background
6.B.
Compensation
apwc-20f_20211231.htm
Taiwan
Yes
No
9
Female
Male
Non-Binary
Did Not Disclose
Gender
—
—
—
—
9
—
—
9
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
The aggregate amount of compensation paid by us to all of APWC’s directors and members of its administrative, supervisory
or management bodies (“Senior Management Members”), as a group, for services in all capacities during 2021 was approximately
$0.6 million. The annual compensation of APWC’s directors and Senior Management Members on an individual basis for services in
all capacities is not required to be disclosed under the laws of Bermuda.
In 2021, the fee payable to each independent director was $30,000 per year and the fee payable to each director who is a
director or an executive officer of APWC or PEWC or any of their respective affiliates was $20,000 per year, together with, in each
case, reimbursement of reasonable travel expenses for attendance at meetings of the Board or any of its committees.
No funds or provisions have been set aside or accrued by APWC or its subsidiaries to provide pension, retirement or similar
benefits to directors or management except for government mandated programs. No equity compensation, including options, is
included as part of the compensation for directors or Senior Management Members.
6.C.
Board Practices
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee of the Board primarily functions to assist the Board in its oversight of: (i) the reliability and integrity of
accounting policies and financial reporting and disclosure practices and (ii) the establishment and maintenance of processes to ensure
that there is compliance with all applicable laws, regulations and Company policy and an adequate system of internal control,
management of business risks and safeguard of assets.
The Audit Committee is composed of Mr. Anson Chan, Dr. Yichin Lee and Dr. Lambert Ding, with Mr. Chan serving as the
chairman of the Audit Committee.
The Audit Committee, as currently constituted, complies with the requirements of Regulation 10A-3 of the Exchange Act and
the corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq.
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Compensation Committee
The Compensation Committee primarily functions to assist our Company in determining the compensation to be paid to the
executive directors and certain members of the senior management of our Company. According to the charter under which it
operates, the Compensation Committee is authorized to: (i) review and recommend to the Board, or determine, the annual salary,
bonus, stock options, and other benefits, direct and indirect, of the senior management of APWC and its principal operating
subsidiaries; (ii) review new executive compensation programs, review on a periodic basis the operations of our Company’s
executive compensation programs to determine whether they are properly coordinated, establish and periodically review policies for
the administration of executive compensation programs, and take steps to modify any executive compensation programs that yield
payments and benefits that are not reasonably related to executive performance; (iii) engage outside auditors and consultants to
advise on market compensation; and (iv) establish and periodically review policies in the area of management perquisites.
The Compensation Committee is comprised of three independent directors, Mr. Anson Chan, Dr. Yichin Lee, and Dr. Lambert
Ding. The Compensation Committee may invite members of management to its meetings as it deem appropriate in order to
participate and provide input in a non-voting capacity. However, the Compensation Committee meets regularly without members of
management present, present, and in no event is any officer present at a meeting of the Compensation Committee where their
compensation or performance is discussed or determined.
6.D.
Employees
As of December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our Company employed a total of 1,190, 1,216, and 1,227 employees, of which
administrative and management personnel accounted for 13.8%, 13.7%, and 14.2%, respectively. The rest were classified as
production personnel that usually organized into two 12-hour shifts or three 8-hour shifts for continuous factory operations.
Our Company’s employees located in the Thailand, North Asia, and ROW region in terms of percentage were respectively
66.5%, 17.9%, and 15.6% as of December 31, 2021; 65.2%, 19.2%, and 15.6% as of December 31, 2020; 65.7%, 18.3%, and 16.0%
as of December 31, 2019.
Our Company offers a range of employee benefits, which it believes are comparable to industry practice in its local markets.
Such benefits include performance-based pay incentives, medical benefits, vacation, pension, housing for a small number of workers
in Singapore and in Thailand, and a small housing supplement for other workers. Our Company also provides training programs for
its personnel designated to improve worker productivity and occupational safety.
Presently, there is no group bonus, profit-sharing or stock option plan. However, some of APWC’s subsidiaries have bonus or
profit-sharing plans based on individual performance and the profitability of the particular subsidiary for the fiscal year, which plans
are generally in accordance with industry practice and market conditions in the respective countries.
Our Company has several defined contribution plans covering its employees in Australia, the PRC, Singapore, Thailand, and
Taiwan. Additionally, our Company has defined benefit plans in accordance with Thailand labor law. Pursuant to these defined
benefits plans, our Company pays a retiring employee at its Thai subsidiaries from one to twenty-six times such employee’s salary
rate during his or her final month, depending on the length of service. During 2021, our Company’s total expenses under this labor
law were $0.6 million. These defined benefit plans are not funded and the amount is recognized and included in Employee Benefit
Liabilities on our Company’s balance sheet. Our Company settles its obligations as and when employees retire. The accumulated
benefit obligations under these plans amounted to $9.9 million as at December 31, 2021. For further information related to these
employee benefit plans, see Note 21 of our consolidated financial statements referenced in Item 18 of this Annual Report.
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Approximately 13% of the employees of Sigma Cable are members of the United Workers of Electronics & Electrical
Industries, an employees’ union in Singapore. Under the terms of a collective agreement signed in June 2003, our Company is
required to negotiate salary and wage increases yearly. All other worker benefits and employment terms are included in the collective
agreement. Our Company believes that approximately 100% and 100% of the employees of PEWS and Shanghai Yayang,
respectively, are members of their respective Company Workers’ Unions. These unions generally operate in accordance with related
labor regulations in China. Approximately 13% of the employees of APEC are members of the Australian Workers’ Union. None of
the employees of APWC’s other operating subsidiaries are members of a union.
Our Company has never experienced a strike or other disruption due to labor disputes. Our Company considers its employee
relations to be satisfactory and has not experienced difficulties attracting and retaining qualified employees.
6.E.
Share Ownership
The common shares beneficially owned by the persons listed in “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees – 6.B.
Compensation” are disclosed in “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related-Party Transactions – 7.A. Major Shareholders.”
No equity compensation, including options, is included as part of the compensation for directors or senior management.
ITEM 7: MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
7.A. Major Shareholders
As of December 31, 2021, there were 13,819,669 Common Shares issued and outstanding, excluding a total of 11,100 treasury
shares. In January 2022, APWC distributed, at no charge to its shareholders, non-transferable subscription rights to purchase
additional Common Shares to all of its shareholders. This rights offering expired on January 31, 2022, and was oversubscribed.
Pursuant to this rights offering, PEWC and its two subsidiaries that hold Common Shares, Moon View Ventures Limited and Pacific
Holdings Group, acquired additional Common Shares as follows: (i) PEWC, which exercised 1,410,739 basic subscription rights at
an investment of $846,443, was issued 693,806 additional Common Shares; (ii) Moon View, which exercised 7,661,235 basic
subscription rights and exercised over-subscription rights for a total investment of approximately $5,975,389, was issued 4,897,859
additional Common Shares; and (iii) Pacific Holdings, which exercised 1,358,795 basic subscription rights at an investment of
$815,277, was issued 668,259 additional Common Shares. As a result of this rights offering, APWC’s issued and outstanding shares
increased from 13,819,669 to 20,616,227 shares, and PEWC’s aggregate ownership of our Common Shares increased from
10,430,769 to 16,690,693 shares, representing an increase in percentage ownership from 75.48% to 80.96%. While the remaining
publicly traded Common Shares increased from 3,388,900 to 3,925,534 shares, the ownership percentage in APWC represented by
such Common Shares decreased from 24.52% to 19.04%.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding beneficial ownership of the Common Shares as of March 31, 2022
by (i) all persons who are known to APWC to own beneficially more than five percent of the Common Shares and (ii) APWC’s
executive officers (Senior Management Members) and directors as a group. The information set forth in the following table is derived
from public filings made by holders and information obtained from directors and officers. The voting rights attaching to the Common
Shares below are the same as those attaching to all other Common Shares.
Identity of Person or Group
Pacific Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd.(1)
Directors and Executive Officers (Senior Management Members) of APWC
Number of Shares Percent of Class
16,690,693
94,834
80.959%
0.460%
(1) PEWC beneficially owns 2,104,545 shares directly and the remaining shares indirectly, as a result of (i) PEWC's control of its wholly-owned
subsidiary Moon View Ventures Limited, a BVI company, which owns of record 12,559,094 Common Shares and (ii) PEWC's control of its
indirect wholly-owned subsidiary Pacific Holdings Group, a Nevada corporation, which owns of record 2,027,054 Common Shares.
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Based upon a review of the records of APWC’s U.S. transfer agent, including a list of non-objecting beneficial holders, as of
December 31, 2021, APWC believes there are more than 400 record holders in the United States, representing approximately 15% of
the of our shares outstanding as of such date, although that constitutes only APWC’s best estimate of the number of U.S. beneficial
holders.
7.B. Related Party Transactions
Our Company engages in transactions in the ordinary course of business with PEWC, including the purchase of certain raw
materials and the distribution of PEWC products in various countries in the Asia Pacific region. These transactions are governed by
the Composite Services agreement dated November 7, 1996 between APWC and PEWC (the “Composite Services Agreement” or
“CSA”), which our Company has renewed annually, at its option. The Composite Services Agreement contains provisions that define
the relationship and the conduct of the respective businesses of our Company and PEWC and confers certain preferential benefits on
our Company. For a description of the Composite Services Agreement, see Item 10.C.
Under the terms of the Composite Services Agreement, our Company pays a management fee to PEWC in connection with the
secondment, or temporary assignment and relocation, of certain PEWC managers to our Company’s operating units. The assigned
managers assist our Company in implementing the results of certain research and development conducted by PEWC and made
available by PEWC to our Company under the terms of the Composite Services Agreement. The assigned managers also assist our
Company in the procurement of raw materials, primarily copper, which is also provided for under the Composite Services
Agreement. The amount of such annual management fee was approximately $153 in 2021, $133 in 2020 and $199 in 2019.
On July 10, 2020, APWC and PEWC entered into a secured loan agreement pursuant to which in August 2020, our Company
borrowed the principal amount of $6 million from PEWC. The Secured Loan carried a 3% interest rate and was secured by a pledge
of our Company’s 98.3% ownership stake in Sigma Cable. Our Company used the proceeds from the Secured Loan for working
capital and purchases of capital equipment. In June 2021, the loan was repaid in full to PEWC, and the loan facility was terminated.
To the extent that transactions occur in the future between our Company and PEWC or affiliates of PEWC other than under
the Composite Services Agreement, such transactions will be entered into on an arm’s length basis on terms no less favorable than
those available from unaffiliated third parties.
Additional details regarding related party balances as of December 31, 2021 and related party transactions are disclosed in our
audited consolidated financial statements referenced in “Item 18. Financial Statements.” Please refer to Note 24 of our consolidated
financial statements presented herewith.
ITEM 8:
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
8.A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
Consolidated Statements
See Item 18: Financial Statements
Legal Proceedings
There are currently no material proceedings in which any director, senior manager, or affiliate is adverse to APWC or has an
adverse material interest. There are no actual or pending legal proceedings to which APWC is, or is likely to become, a party which
may reasonably be expected to have, or have had in the recent past, a material effect on our Company’s condition (financial or
otherwise) or results of operations.
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Dividend Policy
Under our Bye-Laws, our Board may from time to time declare dividends or distributions out of contributed surplus to be paid
to the shareholders according to their rights and interests. With the sanction of a shareholders resolution, our Board may determine
that any dividend may be paid by distribution of specific assets, including paid-up shares or debentures of any other company. Our
Board may also pay any fixed cash dividend which is payable on any of the Common Shares half-yearly or on other dates, whenever
APWC’s position, in the opinion of our Board, justifies such payment.
While our Board approved a dividend policy in 2016 with the stated goal of paying annual cash dividends of at least 25% of
APWC’s net post-tax audited consolidated profits attributable to shareholders, our Board determined not to pay a dividend since
2019, taking into account our Company’s funding needs and business performance. At this time, we do not anticipate paying any
dividends, or otherwise making any distributions or transfers, to our shareholders in 2022.
As a holding company, our ability to pay dividends, as well as to meet our other obligations, depends upon the amount of
distributions, if any, received from our operating subsidiaries and other holdings and investments. Our operating subsidiaries and
other holdings and investments, from time to time, may be subject to restrictions on their ability to make distributions to APWC.
Those restrictions may also affect APWC’s ability to fund operations of one subsidiary with dividends and other payments received
from another subsidiary.
In addition, the ability of our operating subsidiaries to make distributions to APWC will depend upon a number of factors,
including operating results, capital requirements, expansion plans, business prospects, obligations in respect of non-recurring items,
debt covenants and other factors that may arise from time to time. There can be no guarantee that APWC will pay any dividends in
the future.
8.B.
Significant Changes
Please see Note 29 (Subsequent Events) to the consolidated financial statements referenced in Item 18 hereof for information
on recent material events, which contains information regarding the declaration of a cash dividend by the Board of Directors of
Charoong Thai and an unrealized loss of $0.8 million recognized in the first quarter of 2022 due to rise in the LME copper price.
There have been no material or significant changes in the Company’s affairs since the end of the fiscal year ended December 31,
2021 that have not been described herein or in such Note 29.
ITEM 9:
THE OFFER AND LISTING
The Common Shares currently trade on the Nasdaq Capital Market tier under the symbol “APWC”. The Common Shares are
not listed on any other exchanges or otherwise publicly traded within or outside the United States.
ITEM 10: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
10.A. Share Capital
As of December 31, 2021, there were 13,830,769 Common Shares issued, with 13,819,669 Common Shares issued and
outstanding and 11,100 Common Shares held in Treasury.
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On January 14, 2022, APWC distributed, at no charge to the holders of its Common Shares, subscription rights to purchase
additional Common Shares. The subscription rights were issued to holders of Common Shares as of 5:00 p.m., Eastern Standard
Time, on January 7, 2022, the record date for the rights offering, at a ratio of one subscription right per Common Share. Each
subscription right entitled its holder to invest $0.60 towards the purchase of Common Shares at a price per share equal to the
subscription price (the “basic subscription right”). The subscription price in the rights offering was $1.22 per Common Share. In
accordance with the terms of the rights offering, this subscription price was equal to 90% of the lower of (1) the volume weighted
average price per common share on the Nasdaq Capital Market over the five consecutive trading days through and including the
expiration date of the rights offering, and (2) the closing price per common share on the Nasdaq Capital Market on the expiration date
of the rights offering. The pricing formula was intended to ensure that the subscription price was at least a 10% discount to the
closing price per Common Share on the expiration date of the rights offering.
The rights offering included an over-subscription privilege, which permitted each rights holder that exercised its subscription
rights in full the option to purchase additional Common Shares that remain unsubscribed at the expiration of the rights offering. The
over-subscription privilege was subject to the availability and allocation of shares among holders exercising their over-subscription
privilege. The Common Shares issued as part of the over-subscription privilege were allocated pro-rata among shareholders who
exercised their over-subscription rights based on the number of shares each such shareholder owned on the record date, taking into
account the investment amount that each such shareholder allocated toward over-subscription rights.
The rights offering expired on January 31, 2022, and on February 2, 2022, APWC announced the successful completion of the
rights offering, which was oversubscribed. In the rights offering, APWC issued and sold 6,796,558 additional Common Shares
pursuant to the exercise of subscription rights, raising gross proceeds of approximately $8.3 million before any expenses of the rights
offering. As of the date of the filing of this Annual Report, there are 20,627,327 Common Shares issued, of which 11,100 shares are
treasury shares and 20,616,227 shares are issued and outstanding.
No capital stock of APWC is under option or agreed conditionally or unconditionally to be put under option. APWC does not
have any classes of capital stock other than Common Shares.
10.B. Memorandum of Association and Bye-Laws
General
The following is a summary of provisions of Bermuda law and APWC’s organizational documents, including APWC’s
memorandum of association and Bye-Laws. We refer you to APWC’s memorandum of association and Bye-Laws, copies of which
have been filed with the SEC. You are urged to read these documents in their entirety for a complete understanding of the terms
thereof.
The objects under which APWC is formed and incorporated under its Memorandum of Association are:
(1)
(2)
to carry on business as a holding company and to acquire and hold shares, stocks, debenture stocks, bonds,
mortgages, obligations and securities of any kind issued or guaranteed by any company, corporation or undertaking
of whatever nature and wherever constituted or carrying on business, and shares, stock, debentures, debenture stock,
bonds, obligations and other securities issued or guaranteed by any government, sovereign ruler, commissioners,
trust, local authority or other public body, whether in Bermuda or elsewhere, and to vary, transpose, dispose of or
otherwise deal with from time to time as may be considered expedient any of the Company’s investments for the time
being;
to acquire any such shares and other securities as are mentioned in the preceding paragraph by subscription,
syndicate participation, tender, purchase, exchange or otherwise and to subscribe for the same, either conditionally or
otherwise, and to guarantee the subscription thereof and to exercise and enforce all rights and powers conferred by or
incident to the ownership thereof;
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(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)
(21)
to co-ordinate the administration, policies, management, supervision, control, research, planning, trading and any and
all other activities of any company or companies now or thereafter incorporated or acquired which may be or may
become a company, wherever incorporated, which is or becomes a holding company or a subsidiary of, or affiliated
with, the Company within the meanings respectively assigned to those terms in The Companies Act 1981, or with the
prior written approval of the Minister of Finance, any company or companies now or hereafter incorporated or
acquired with which the Company may be or may become associated;
packing of goods of all kinds;
buying, selling and dealing in goods of all kinds;
designing and manufacturing of goods of all kinds;
mining and quarrying and exploration for metals, minerals, fossil fuels and precious stones of all kinds and their
preparation for sale or use;
exploring for, the drilling for, the moving, transporting and refining petroleum and hydro carbon products including
oil and oil products;
scientific research including the improvement, discovery and development of processes, inventions, patents, and
designs and the construction, maintenance and operation of laboratories and research centers;
land, sea and sir undertakings including the land, ship and air carriage of passengers, mails and goods of all kinds;
ships and aircraft owners, managers, operators, agents, builders and repairers;
acquiring, owning, selling, chartering, repairing or dealing in ships and aircraft;
travel agents, freight contractors and forwarding agents;
dock owners, wharfingers, warehousemen;
ship chandlers and dealing in rope, canvas oil and ship stores of all kinds;
all forms of engineering;
acquiring by purchase or otherwise and holding as an investment inventions, patents, trademarks, trade names, trade
secrets, designs and the like;
buying, selling, hiring, letting and dealing in conveyances of any sort;
employing, providing, hiring out and acting as agent for artists, actors, entertainers of all sorts, authors, composers,
producers, directors, engineers and experts or specialists of any kinds;
to acquire by purchase or otherwise hold, sell, dispose of and deal in real property situated outside Bermuda and in
personal property of all kinds wherever situated; and
to enter into any guarantee contract of indemnity or suretyship and to assure, support or secure with or without
consideration or benefit the performance of any obligations of any person or persons and to guarantee the fidelity of
individuals filing or about to fill situations of trust or confidence.
For a detailed description of our Company’s principal activities, see Item 4 above. Pursuant to APWC’s Bye-Laws, the Board
consists of a single class of directors, each director has one vote on all matters put to the Board, and a quorum consists of a majority
of the members of the Board then in office.
Description of Shareholder Rights Attaching to the Common Shares
APWC was incorporated in Bermuda on September 19, 1996 under the Companies Act. The rights of APWC’s shareholders
are governed by Bermuda law and APWC’s memorandum of association and Bye-Laws.
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APWC’s authorized share capital as of December 31, 2021 was $0.5 million consisting of 50,000,000 Common Shares, par
value $0.01 per share. Of the authorized Common Shares, 13,819,669 and 20,616,227 shares were issued and outstanding and
eligible to vote as of December 31, 2021 and the date of the filing of this Annual Report, respectively. In addition to these issued and
outstanding shares, there were 11,100 Common Shares issued (but not outstanding and not currently eligible to vote) and held as
treasury shares by APWC.
•
•
•
•
•
Holders of the Common Shares have no preemptive, redemption, conversion or sinking fund rights.
Holders of the Common Shares are entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to a poll vote of holders of
Common Shares and do not have any cumulative voting rights.
In the event of APWC’s liquidation, dissolution or winding-up and subject to any alternative resolution that may be
pursued by APWC’s shareholders, the holders of Common Shares are entitled to share ratably in APWC’s assets, if any,
remaining after the payment of all APWC’s debts and liabilities.
APWC’s issued and outstanding Common Shares are fully paid and non-assessable.
Additional authorized but unissued Common Shares, and issued shares held in treasury, may be issued or conveyed by
the Board without the approval of the shareholders.
The holders of Common Shares will receive such dividends, if any, as may be declared by the Board out of funds legally
available for such purposes. APWC may not declare or pay a dividend, or make a distribution out of contributed surplus, if there are
reasonable grounds for believing that:
•
•
APWC is, or after the payment would be, unable to pay its liabilities as they become due; or
the realizable value of APWC’s assets after such payment or distribution would be less than the aggregate amount of its
liabilities.
Share Capital
APWC’s authorized capital consists of one class of Common Shares. Under APWC’s Bye-Laws, our Board has the power to
issue any authorized and unissued shares on such terms and conditions as it may determine. Any shares or class of shares may be
issued with such preferred, deferred, qualified or other special rights or any restrictions with regard to such matters, whether in regard
to dividend, voting, return of capital or otherwise, as APWC may from time to time by resolution of the shareholders prescribe, or in
the absence of such shareholder direction, as the Board may determine. This provision in the Bye-Laws could be used to prevent a
takeover attempt, or to make a takeover attempt prohibitively expensive, and thereby preclude shareholders from realizing a potential
premium over the market value of their shares.
Voting Rights
Generally, under Bermuda law and APWC’s Bye-Laws, questions brought before a general meeting are decided by a simple
majority vote of shareholders present or represented by proxy, with no provision for cumulative voting. Matters will be decided by
votes cast by way of voting cards, proxy cards or a show of hands unless a poll is demanded. For purposes of determining the
number of votes cast with respect to any proposal, only those votes cast “for” or “against” shall be included. An “abstain” vote will
not count as votes cast on any such proposal.
If a poll is demanded, each shareholder who is entitled to vote and who is present in person or by proxy has one vote for each
Common Share entitled to vote on such question. A poll may only be demanded under the Bye-Laws by:
•
•
the chairman of the meeting;
at least three shareholders present in person or represented by proxy;
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•
•
any shareholder or shareholders present in person or represented by proxy and holding between them not less than one-
tenth of the total voting rights of all shareholders having voting rights; or
a shareholder or shareholders present in person or represented by proxy holding Common Shares conferring the right to
vote on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid up on all
Common Shares.
Unless the Board otherwise determines, no shareholder shall be entitled to vote at any general meeting unless all calls or other
sums presently payable by that shareholder in respect of all shares held by such shareholder have been paid.
Dividend Rights
Under Bermuda law, a company may declare and pay dividends unless there are reasonable grounds for believing that the
company is, or would, after the payment, be unable to pay its liabilities as they become due or that the realizable value of the
company’s assets would thereby be less than its liabilities.
Under APWC’s Bye-Laws, the Board may from time to time declare dividends or distributions out of contributed surplus to be
paid to the shareholders according to their rights and interests. With the sanction of a shareholders resolution, the Board may
determine that any dividend may be paid by distribution of specific assets, including paid-up shares or debentures of any other
company. The Board may also pay any fixed cash dividend which is payable on any of the Common Shares half-yearly or on other
dates, whenever APWC’s position, in the opinion of the Board, justifies such payment.
Dividends, if any, on the Common Shares will be at the discretion of the Board, and will depend on our future operations and
earnings, capital requirements, surplus and general financial condition as our Board may deem relevant.
Purchases by APWC of its own Common Shares
Under Bermuda law and as authorized by APWC’s memorandum of association and Bye-Laws, APWC may purchase its own
Common Shares out of the capital paid up on the Common Shares in question or out of funds that would otherwise be available for
dividend or distribution or out of the proceeds of a fresh issue of Common Shares made for the purposes of the purchase. APWC may
not purchase its Common Shares if, on the date on which the purchase is to be effected, there are reasonable grounds for believing
that APWC is, or after the purchase would be, unable to pay its liabilities as they become due.
However, to the extent that any premium is payable on the purchase, the premium must be provided out of the funds of APWC
that would otherwise be available for dividend or distribution or out of APWC’s share premium account.
Preemptive Rights
APWC’s Bye-Laws generally do not provide the holders of its Common Shares preemptive rights in relation to any issues of
Common Shares by APWC or any transfer of APWC’s shares.
Variation of Rights
APWC may issue more than one class of shares and more than one series of shares in each class. The rights attached to any
class of shares may be altered or abrogated either:
•
•
with the consent in writing of the holders of more than fifty percent of the issued shares of that class; or
pursuant to a resolution of the holders of such shares.
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The Bye-Laws provide that the necessary quorum shall be two or more shareholders present in person or by proxy holding a
majority of shares of the relevant class in issue and entitled to vote. The Bye-Laws specify that the creation or issuance of shares
ranking pari passu with existing shares will not, subject to any statement to the contrary in the terms of issuance of those shares or
rights attached to those shares, vary the special rights attached to existing shares.
Transfer of Common Shares
Subject to the “Transfer Restrictions” section below, a shareholder may transfer title to all or any of his shares by completing
an instrument of transfer in the usual common form or in such other form as the Board may approve. The form of transfer is required
to be signed by or on behalf of the transferor and also the transferee where any share is not fully paid. The transferor shall be deemed
to remain the holder of the shares until the name of the transferee is entered in the register of members of APWC.
Transfer Restrictions
The Board may, in its absolute discretion and without assigning any reason therefor, decline to register any transfer of any
share which is not a fully paid share. The Board may also refuse to register an instrument of transfer of a share unless:
•
•
•
•
•
the instrument of transfer is duly stamped, if required by law, and lodged with APWC;
the instrument is accompanied by the relevant share certificate for the shares to which it relates, and such other
evidence as the Board shall reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer;
the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of shares;
where applicable, the permission of the Bermuda Monetary Authority with respect thereto has been obtained; and
subject to the Companies Act, the Bye-Laws and any directions of the Board from time to time in force, the secretary of
APWC may exercise the powers and discretions of the Board with respect to: (i) the transfer of shares by a shareholder
by way of an instrument of transfer in the usual common form and (ii) sending to a notice of refusal to register a
transfer of shares where the Board declines to register such transfer, within three months after the date on which the
instrument of transfer was lodged.
In accordance with the provisions of the Exchange Control Act 1972, as amended, and related regulations of Bermuda, the
permission of the Bermuda Monetary Authority (the “BMA”) is required for all issuances and transfers of shares (which includes the
Common Shares) of Bermuda companies to or from a non-resident of Bermuda for exchange control purposes, other than in cases
where the BMA has granted a general permission. The BMA, in its notice to the public dated June 1, 2005, has granted a general
permission for the issue and subsequent transfer of any securities of a Bermuda company from and/or to a non-resident of Bermuda
for exchange control purposes for so long as any “Equity Securities” of the company (which include the Common Shares) are listed
on an “Appointed Stock Exchange” (which would include Nasdaq). In granting the general permission the BMA accepts no
responsibility for our financial soundness or the correctness of any of the statements made or opinions expressed herein.
Accordingly, the Common Shares benefit from a general permission for free transferability for all transfers between persons
who are not resident in Bermuda for exchange control purposes, for as long as such Common Shares remain listed on an appointed
stock exchange. In the event that the Common Shares are delisted from Nasdaq, it will be necessary to obtain the prior permission of
the BMA to transfer such Common Shares to any transferee, subject to any applicable general permissions issued by the BMA.
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Transmission of Shares
In the event of the death of a shareholder, the survivor or survivors, where the deceased shareholder was a joint holder, and the
estate representative, where the deceased shareholder was sole holder, shall be the only persons recognized by APWC as having any
title to the shares of the deceased. “Estate representative” means the person to whom probate or letters of administration has or have
been granted in Bermuda, or failing any such person, such other person as the Board may in its absolute discretion determine to be
the person recognized by APWC for this purpose.
Disclosure of Interests
Under the Companies Act, a director who has an interest in a material contract or a proposed material contract, or a 10% or
more interest (directly or indirectly) in an entity that is interested in a contract or proposed contract or arrangement with us, is
obligated to declare the nature of such interest at the first opportunity at a meeting of the Board of Directors, or by writing to the
Board of Directors. If the director has complied with the relevant sections of the Companies Act and the Bye-Laws with respect to
the disclosure of his interest, the director may vote at a meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof on a contract,
transaction or arrangement in which that director is interested, in which case his vote shall be counted and he shall be taken into
account in ascertaining whether a quorum is present.
Rights in Liquidation
Under Bermuda law, in the event of liquidation or winding-up of a company, after satisfaction in full of all claims of creditors
and subject to the preferential rights accorded to any series of preferred shares, the proceeds of such liquidation or winding-up are
distributed among the holders of shares in accordance with a company’s bye-laws.
Under APWC’s Bye-Laws, if APWC is wound up, the liquidator may, pursuant to a resolution of the shareholders and any
approval required by the Companies Act, divide among the shareholders in cash or other assets the whole or part of APWC’s assets,
whether such assets shall consist of property of the same kind or not, and may for such purposes set such values as such liquidator
deems fair upon any property to be divided and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the shareholders.
Meetings of Shareholders
Under Bermuda law, a company, unless it elects to dispense with the holding of annual general meetings, is required to
convene at least one general meeting per calendar year. The directors of a company, notwithstanding anything in such company’s
bye-laws, shall, on the requisition of the shareholders holding at the date of the deposit of the requisition not less than one-tenth of
the paid-up capital of the company carrying the right of vote, duly convene a special general meeting. APWC’s Bye-Laws provide
that the Board may, whenever it thinks fit, convene a special general meeting.
Bermuda law requires that shareholders be given at least five days’ notice of a meeting of APWC. APWC’s Bye-Laws extend
this period to provide that not less than 20 days’ written notice of a general meeting must be given to those shareholders entitled to
receive such notice. The accidental omission to give notice to or non-receipt of a notice of a meeting by any person does not
invalidate the proceedings of a meeting.
APWC’s Bye-Laws state that no business can be transacted at a general meeting unless a quorum of at least two shareholders
representing a majority of the issued shares of APWC are present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote.
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Under APWC’s Bye-Laws, notice to any shareholders may be delivered either personally or by sending it through the post, by
airmail where applicable, in a pre-paid letter addressed to the shareholder at his address as appearing in the share register or by
delivering it to, or leaving it at, such registered address. Any notice sent by post shall be deemed to have been served seven (7) days
after dispatch. A notice of a general meeting is deemed to be duly given to the shareholder if it is sent to him by cable, telex or tele-
copier or other mode of representing or reproducing words in a legible and non-transitory form and such notice shall be deemed to
have been served twenty-four (24) hours after its dispatch.
Access to Books and Records and Dissemination of Information
Under Bermuda law, members of the general public have the right to inspect the public documents of a company available at
the office of the Bermuda Registrar of Companies. These documents include the memorandum of association and any amendment to
the memorandum of association.
Under Bermuda law, the minutes of shareholder meetings will be open for inspection by any shareholder or director without
charge for not less than two hours during business hours each day, subject to any reasonable restrictions that APWC may impose. The
shareholders shall be entitled to receive a copy of every balance sheet and statement of income and expenditure before a general
meeting as required under the Bye-Laws.
Under APWC’s Bye-Laws, unless the Board otherwise determines, the register of shareholders of APWC is required to be
open for inspection between 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 noon each working day without charge to members of the general public. A
company is required to maintain its share register in Bermuda but may, subject to the provisions of the Companies Act, establish a
branch register outside of Bermuda. APWC has established a branch register with APWC’s transfer agent, Computershare Limited,
which is based in Jersey City, New Jersey.
Under Bermuda Law, a company is required to keep at its registered office a register of its directors and officers that is open
for inspection for not less than two hours in each day by members of the public without charge. Under APWC’s Bye-Laws, the
register of directors and officers is available for inspection by the public between 10:00 a.m. and 12:00 noon every working day.
Bermuda law does not provide a general right for shareholders to inspect or obtain copies of any other corporate records,
except for the Bye-Laws of APWC.
Election or Removal of Directors
The Bye-Laws provide that the number of directors will be such number, not less than two, as APWC’s shareholders by
resolution may from time to time determine. A director will serve until re-elected or his successor is appointed at the next annual
general meeting or his prior removal in the manner provided by the Companies Act or the Bye-Laws. There is no requirement under
Bermuda law, APWC’s memorandum of association or its Bye-Laws that a majority of APWC’s directors be independent.
The Bye-Laws provide that each director shall have one vote on all matters presented to the Board for a vote.
The shareholders may by resolution determine that one or more vacancies in the Board shall be deemed casual vacancies for
the purposes of the Bye-Laws. The Board, so long as a quorum of directors remains in office, shall have the power at any time and
from time to time to appoint any individual to be a director so as to fill a casual vacancy. The shareholders may approve the
appointment of alternate directors or may authorize the Board to appoint them. Directors may also appoint and remove their own
alternates. At the Annual General Meeting held on August 30, 2019, the shareholders approved of the total number of directors.
APWC may, in a special general meeting called for this purpose, remove a director, provided notice of such meeting is served
upon the director concerned not less than fourteen days before the meeting and he shall be entitled to be heard at that meeting.
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The office of a director will be vacated in the event of any of the following:
•
•
•
•
•
if he resigns his office by notice in writing to be delivered to APWC’s registered office or tendered at a meeting of the
Board;
if he becomes of unsound mind or a patient for any purpose under any statute or applicable law relating to mental
health and the Board resolves that his office is vacated;
if he becomes bankrupt or enters into a general settlement with his creditors;
if he is prohibited by law from being a director; or
if he ceases to be a director by virtue of the Companies Act or is removed from office pursuant to the Bye-Laws.
Directors’ remuneration is determined by APWC’s shareholders during general meetings. Directors may also be paid all
travel, hotel, and other expenses properly incurred in attending meetings of the Board, meetings of any committee appointed by the
Board, general meetings of the shareholders of APWC, or any meetings in connection with the business of APWC or their duties as
Directors generally. There are no age limit requirements regarding retirement or non-retirement of directors. Holding shares is not a
requirement in order to be appointed as a director of APWC.
The Board may exercise all the powers of APWC to borrow money and to mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and
uncalled share capital, or any part thereof. The Board may also issue debentures, debenture stock, and other securities whether
outright or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of APWC or any third party.
Amendment of Memorandum of Association and Bye-Laws
Bermuda law provides that the memorandum of association of a company may be amended by resolution passed at a general
meeting of which due notice has been given. An amendment to a memorandum of association does not require the consent of the
Minister of Finance of Bermuda save for specific circumstances, for example, the adopting of any authority to carry on restricted
business activities.
Under Bermuda law, the holders of:
•
•
an aggregate of not less than twenty percent in par value of a company’s issued share capital or any class thereof; or
not less in the aggregate than twenty percent of the company’s debentures entitled to object to amendments to its
memorandum of association,
have the right to apply to the Supreme Court of Bermuda for an annulment of any amendment of the memorandum of
association. Where such an application is made, the amendment becomes effective only to the extent that it is confirmed by
the Bermuda Supreme Court. An application for an annulment of an amendment of the memorandum of association must be
made within twenty-one days after the date on which the resolution amending the memorandum of association is passed and
may be made on behalf of the persons entitled to make the application by one or more of their number as they may appoint in
writing for the purpose.
APWC’s Bye-Laws may be amended in the manner provided for in the Companies Act, which provides that the directors may
amend the Bye-Laws, provided that any such amendment shall be effective only to the extent approved by the shareholders.
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Merger or Amalgamation
The Companies Act provides that two or more Bermuda companies may merge and their undertaking, property and liabilities
shall vest in one of such companies as the surviving company (referred to as a “merger” under Bermuda law). The Companies Act
also provides that a Bermuda company may amalgamate with another company and continue as an amalgamated company (referred
to as an “amalgamation” under Bermuda law). A merger or amalgamation requires a merger or amalgamation agreement which must
be approved by the board of directors and at a meeting of the shareholders by seventy-five percent of the shareholders present and
entitled to vote at such meeting in respect of which the quorum shall be two persons holding or representing by proxy more than one-
third of the issued shares of the company. These provisions do not apply where a holding company is merging or amalgamating with
one or more of its wholly-owned subsidiaries or where two or more wholly-owned companies of the same holding company are
merging or amalgamating.
Under Bermuda law, in the event of a merger or an amalgamation of a Bermuda company, a shareholder who did not vote in
favor of the transaction and who is not satisfied that fair value has been offered for the shares, may apply to the Supreme Court of
Bermuda within one month of notice of the meeting of shareholders to appraise the fair value of those shares.
Class Actions and Derivative Actions
Class actions, as they are commonly understood in the United States, are not available to shareholders under Bermuda law.
Derivative actions are generally only available to shareholders under Bermuda law in very limited circumstances. A shareholder may
commence an action in the name of a company to remedy a wrong done to the company where the wrongdoers are in control of the
company and the act complained of is of a fraudulent character, oppressive, beyond the corporate power of the company, illegal or
would have required the approval of a greater percentage of the company’s shareholders than those that actually approved it. A
shareholder may not commence such an action where the wrong complained of is capable of ratification by the company in a general
meeting by ordinary resolution.
Since the July 2018 amendment to the Rules of the Supreme Court, if a derivative action is commenced and the relevant
defendant enters an appearance, leave of the Supreme Court of Bermuda must be obtained before the derivative action can proceed.
When one or more shareholders believes the affairs of a company are being conducted in a manner which is oppressive or
prejudicial to the interest of some part of the shareholders, the Supreme Court of Bermuda, upon petition, brought by the
shareholder(s), may make such order as it sees fit if it is satisfied that the affairs of the company are or have been conducted in such
an oppressive or prejudicial manner and, that, as a result, it would be just and equitable to wind up the company, but that to so wind
up the company would unfairly prejudice the part of the shareholders ; such an order can include (with limitation) provisions
regulating the conduct of the company’s affairs in the future or ordering the purchase of the shares of any shareholders by other
shareholders or by the company, and in the case of a purchase of the shares by the company, for the reduction accordingly of the
company’s capital or otherwise.
Personal Liability of Directors and Indemnity
The Companies Act requires every officer, including directors, of a company in exercising powers and discharging duties, to
act honestly in good faith with a view to the best interests of the company, and to exercise the care, diligence and skill that a
reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. The Companies Act further provides that any provision,
whether in the bye-laws of a company or in any contract between the company and any officer or any person employed by the
company as auditor, exempting such officer or person from liability, or indemnifying him against any liability which by virtue of any
rule of law would otherwise attach to him, in respect of any fraud or dishonesty of which he may be guilty in relation to the company,
shall be void.
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Every director, officer and committee member shall be indemnified out of APWC’s funds against all civil liabilities, loss,
damage or expense including liabilities under contract, tort and statute or any applicable foreign law or regulation and all reasonable
legal and other costs and expenses properly payable, incurred or suffered by him as director, officer or committee member; provided
that the indemnity contained in the Bye-Laws will not extend to any matter which would render it void under the Companies Act as
discussed above.
Other Miscellaneous Matters
Notwithstanding the recording of any special capacity, APWC is not bound to investigate or incur any responsibility in respect
of the proper administration of any estate or trust.
APWC will take no notice of any trust applicable to any of its Common Shares whether or not it had notice of such trust.
As an “exempted company,” APWC is exempt from Bermuda laws which restrict the percentage of share capital that may be
held by non-Bermudians. However, as an exempted company APWC may not participate in certain designated business transactions,
which we do not consider relevant to our present or planned business activities.
10.C. Material Contracts
Composite Services Agreement
Our Company engages in transactions in the ordinary course of business with PEWC, including the purchase of certain raw
materials and the distribution of PEWC products in various countries in the Asia Pacific region. APWC and PEWC are parties to a
Composite Services agreement dated November 7, 1996, which APWC has renewed annually, at its option. The Composite Services
Agreement contains provisions that define the relationship and the conduct of the respective businesses of our Company and PEWC
and confers certain preferential benefits on our Company. In 2021, there were no material changes to the CSA between APWC and
PEWC. Pursuant to the Composite Services Agreement,
•
•
•
PEWC agrees to (a) sell copper rod to our Company, upon our Company’s request, (i) at a price consisting of the spot
price of copper on the LME plus an agreed upon premium and (ii) at prices and on terms at least as favorable as PEWC
provides copper rod to other purchasers of similar amounts of copper rod in the same markets, and (b) give priority in
the supply of copper rod to our Company over other purchasers of copper rod from PEWC.
Our Company has the right to distribute any wire or cable product manufactured by PEWC in all markets in which our
Company presently distributes or develops the capability to distribute in the future such products on such terms as have
historically been in effect or on terms at least as favorable as PEWC grants to third parties that distribute such products
in such markets. However, PEWC is not required to grant to our Company the right to distribute products manufactured
by PEWC in the future in markets where our Company does not currently have the capability to distribute unless and
until PEWC has no pre-existing contractual rights which would conflict with the grant of such right to our Company.
Each of PEWC and our Company will offer the other party the right to participate in any negotiations with a third party
concerning the establishment of any facility or similar venture to manufacture or distribute any wire or cable product
outside of the markets where our Company currently manufactures or distributes, or intends to develop the capability to
manufacture or distribute, any wire or cable product. Unless our Company and PEWC mutually agree otherwise, our
Company has the right of first refusal to enter into any definitive agreement with such third party. If, however, such
third party would not agree to the substitution of our Company for PEWC or such substitution would prevent the
successful completion of the facility or venture, PEWC has agreed to arrange for our Company to participate to the
extent possible.
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•
•
•
PEWC agrees to make available to our Company, upon our Company’s request and on terms to be mutually agreed
between PEWC and our Company from time to time, certain services and technology with respect to the design and
manufacture of wire and cable products (including fiber optic products), and certain services with respect to
computerization, inventory control, purchasing, internal auditing, quality control, emergency back-up services, and
recruitment and training of personnel; such services may include the training of our Company’s employees and
managers at PEWC facilities and the secondment of PEWC employees and managers to our Company.
Without the consent of our Company, PEWC will not compete with respect to the manufacture or distribution of wire
and cable products in any market in which our Company is manufacturing or has taken significant steps to commence
manufacturing.
For purposes of the Composite Services Agreement, each province in China is considered the equivalent of a country.
The foregoing is a summary of material terms of the CSA. For the full agreement, we refer you to the Composite Services
Agreement, a copy of which has been filed with the SEC.
10.D. Exchange Controls
APWC has been designated by the Bermuda Monetary Authority as a non-resident under the Exchange Control Act of 1972
(the “Exchange Control Act”). This designation allows APWC to engage in transactions in currencies other than the Bermuda
dollar.
The transfer of Common Shares between persons regarded as resident outside Bermuda for exchange control purposes and the
issue of Common Shares to such persons may be effected without specific consent under the Exchange Control Act and regulations
thereunder, provided the Common Shares are listed on an appointed stock exchange.
10.E.
Taxation
The following is a summary of certain material U.S. federal income tax and Bermuda tax consequences of the acquisition,
ownership and disposition of the Common Shares, subject to the assumptions, qualifications and limitations in our discussion below.
Such summary is subject to changes in United States and Bermuda law, including changes that could have retroactive effect. Such
changes in laws could result in different tax consequences from our summary below, and adversely affect your tax burden on
investment income from APWC.
The following summary is neither intended as tax advice nor purports to describe a comprehensive discussion of all possible
tax consequences that may be relevant to APWC’s investors and prospective investors. Therefore, you are strongly urged to consult
your own tax advisors regarding the overall tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the Common Shares in
light of your particular circumstances.
United States Taxation
This summary is based upon the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, administrative pronouncements, judicial
decisions and final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, all as of the date hereof, and all of which are subject to differing
interpretations or to change, possibly with retroactive effect. The United States does not have a comprehensive income tax treaty with
Bermuda.
We have not sought any ruling from the IRS in respect of the statements made and the conclusions reached in this discussion,
and there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with such statements and conclusions, or that the IRS will not challenge any of
the positions taken by us and that such challenge, if any, will not be sustained. A different treatment from that described below could
adversely affect the tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our Common Shares as set forth in this summary.
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In particular, this summary deals only with Common Shares held by U.S. Holders as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax
purposes, and does not address any aspect of the “Medicare contributions tax” on “net investment income”, the U.S. federal
alternative minimum, U.S. federal estate and gift, U.S. state and local, and foreign tax consequences to U.S. Holders of the
acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares.
This summary does not purport to deal with all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to a particular
holder in light of such holder’s circumstances. In particular, this summary does not address all of the tax consequences that may
apply to members of a special class of holders subject to special rules, including:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
dealers in securities or currencies;
persons subject to special tax accounting rules under Section 451(b) of the Code;
regulated investment companies;
real estate investment companies;
traders in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for securities holdings;
tax-exempt organizations;
banks, insurance companies, or any other financial institution;
persons that actually or constructively owns 10% or more, by vote or value, of our Common Shares;
persons that hold our Common Shares as part of a straddle or a hedging, conversion, or other integrated transaction for
U.S. federal income tax purposes;
persons that purchase or sell Common Shares as part of a wash sale for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
partnerships or other pass-through entities and investors therein; or
persons whose functional currency is not the US Dollar.
If a partnership (including any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is a beneficial owner of
Common Shares, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner in that partnership generally will depend on the status of the
partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding Common Shares, you should consult your
own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences to you.
Prospective investors of our Common Shares should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state and local,
and non-U.S. and other tax consequences of owning and disposing of the Common Shares in their particular circumstances.
This summary applies to you if you are a U.S. Shareholder. As used herein, a "U.S. Shareholder" means a beneficial owner of
our Common Shares who or that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, any of the following:
an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States,
•
•
a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation, created or organized under the laws of the United States, any state
thereof or the District of Columbia,
•
•
an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source, or
a trust if a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over the trust's administration and one or more U.S. persons (as
defined in the Code and Treasury Regulations) are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust.
Taxation of U.S. Holders
Subject to the discussion of the “passive foreign investment company” rules below, the gross amount of any distributions of
cash or property with respect to our Common Shares generally will be treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to
the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles.
Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, will be
treated first as a return of capital that is applied against and reduces the U.S. Shareholder's adjusted tax basis in the Common Shares,
but not below zero, and thereafter as capital gain realized on the sale or other disposition of the Common Shares. Because we do not
maintain calculations of our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles, it is expected that distributions generally
will be reported to U.S. Shareholders as dividends.
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Taxation of Dividends
Subject to the discussion of the “passive foreign investment company” rules below, the gross amount of any distributions of
cash or property with respect to our Common Shares generally will be treated as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to
the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles.
Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, will be
treated first as a return of capital that is applied against and reduces the U.S. Shareholder's adjusted tax basis in the Common Shares,
but not below zero, and thereafter as capital gain realized on the sale or other disposition of the Common Shares. Because we do not
maintain calculations of our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles, it is expected that distributions generally
will be reported to U.S. Shareholders as dividends. The amount of any distribution paid in a foreign currency will be equal to the U.S.
dollar value of such currency, translated at the spot rate of exchange on the date such distribution is received, regardless of whether
the payment is in fact converted into U.S. dollars at that time.
Any dividends that a U.S. Shareholder receives will be includable in such holder’s gross income as ordinary income on the
day such holder actually or constructively receives them. Such dividends will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction
generally allowed to certain corporate U.S. Shareholders. Dividends paid by us generally will be non-U.S. source income for
purposes of the U.S. “foreign tax credit” rules. The rules governing U.S. foreign tax credits are complex and involve the application
of rules that depend on the particular circumstances of each U.S. Shareholder. Therefore, each U.S. Shareholder should consult his,
her or its own tax advisor with respect to the availability of U.S. foreign tax credits to such U.S. Shareholder’s particular
circumstances.
Subject to certain limitations, including certain limitations based on taxable income and filing status, and subject to certain
minimum holding period requirements, dividends paid to non-corporate U.S. Shareholders, including individuals, may be eligible for
a reduced rate of taxation if we are deemed to be a “qualified foreign corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A qualified
foreign corporation includes a non-U.S. corporation if (1) its shares (including the Common Shares) are readily tradable on an
established securities market in the United States or (2) it is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the
United States that meets certain requirements. However, a corporation is not a qualified foreign corporation if it is a “passive foreign
investment company” (as discussed below) for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year. The
Common Shares are traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market, an established securities market. The United States does not have a
comprehensive income tax treaty with Bermuda. Each U.S. Shareholder should consult his, her or its own tax advisor regarding the
treatment of dividends and such holder's eligibility for a reduced rate of taxation.
Taxation of Capital Gains
Subject to the discussion of the “passive foreign investment company" rules below, a U.S. Shareholder generally will
recognize gain or loss on the sale or exchange of Common Shares equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale or
exchange and the U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the Common Shares. Such gain or loss will be capital gain or loss and will
be long-term capital gain or loss if the Common Shares were held for more than one year. Gain or loss, if any, recognized by a U.S.
Shareholder generally will be treated as U.S.-source gain or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit limitation purposes. A U.S. Shareholder’s
adjusted tax basis in its Common Shares generally is equal to its purchase price for such shares, adjusted according to U.S. federal
income tax principles. Long-term capital gains recognized by non-corporate U.S. Shareholders generally will be subject to tax at
reduced rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
Passive Foreign Investment Company
A non-U.S. corporation will be classified as a passive foreign investment company (a “PFIC”) for U.S. federal income tax
purposes if either:
•
•
75% or more of its gross income for the taxable year is passive income; or
on a quarterly average for the taxable year by value (or, if it is not a publicly traded corporation and so elects, by
adjusted basis) 50% or more of its assets produce or are held for the production of passive income.
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For the purposes of this test, such non-U.S. corporation will be treated as owning its proportionate share of the assets and
earning its proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which it owns, directly or indirectly, 25% or more (by value)
of the stock.
Based on current projections concerning the composition of APWC’s income and assets, APWC does not believe that it will
be treated as a PFIC for its current or future taxable years. However, because this conclusion is based on our current projections and
expectations as to our future business activity, we can provide no assurance that APWC will not be treated as a PFIC in respect of its
current or any future taxable years. If we are classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a U.S. Shareholder that does
not make an election to treat us as a “qualified electing fund” and did not make a “mark-to-market” election, each as described below,
will be subject to the following U.S. federal income tax consequences:
•
“Excess distributions” we make to a U.S. Shareholder would be taxed in a special way. “Excess distributions” are
amounts received by a U.S. Shareholder with respect to our Common Shares in any taxable year that exceed 125% of the average
distributions received by the U.S. Shareholder from us in the shorter of either the three previous years or the U.S. Shareholder’s
holding period for such Common Shares before the current taxable year. Excess distributions must be allocated ratably to each day
that a U.S. Shareholder has held our Common Shares. A U.S. Shareholder must include amounts allocated to the current taxable year
and to any non-PFIC years in his or her gross income as ordinary income for that year. A U.S. Shareholder must pay U.S. federal
income tax on amounts allocated to each prior taxable PFIC year at the highest marginal tax rate in effect for that year on ordinary
income and the tax is subject to an interest charge at the rate applicable to deficiencies for U.S. federal income tax.
•
The entire amount of gain that is realized by a U.S. Shareholder upon the sale or other disposition of our Common
Shares would also be considered an excess distribution and would be subject to U.S. federal income tax as described above.
•
A U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in shares that were acquired from a U.S. decedent would not receive a step-
up to fair market value as of the date of the decedent’s death but instead would be equal to the decedent’s adjusted tax basis, if lower
than such value.
The special PFIC rules do not apply to a U.S. Shareholder if the U.S. Shareholder makes an election to treat us as a “qualified
electing fund” in the first taxable year in which the U.S. Shareholder owns our Common Shares and if we comply with certain
reporting requirements. Instead, a shareholder of a qualified electing fund is required for each taxable year to include in income a pro
rata share of the ordinary earnings of the qualified electing fund as ordinary income and a pro rata share of the net capital gain of the
qualified electing fund as long-term capital gain, subject to a separate election to defer payment of taxes, which deferral is subject to
an interest charge. The election is made on a shareholder-by-shareholder basis and may be revoked only with the consent of the IRS.
A U.S. Shareholder makes the election by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621, including the PFIC annual information statement,
to a timely filed U.S. federal income tax return. Even if an election is not made, a U.S. Shareholder generally must file a completed
IRS Form 8621 in each year that we are a PFIC. U.S. Shareholders should be aware that, for each taxable year, if any, that we are a
PFIC, we can provide no assurances that we will satisfy the record keeping requirements of a PFIC, or that we will make available to
U.S. Shareholders the information such U.S. Shareholders require to make a “qualified electing fund” election with respect to us.
A U.S. Shareholder who owns PFIC shares that are publicly traded could elect to mark the shares to market annually,
recognizing as ordinary income or loss each year an amount equal to the difference as of the close of the taxable year between the fair
market value of the PFIC shares and the U.S. Shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in the PFIC shares. If such a mark-to-market election
were made, then the rules set forth above would not apply for periods covered by the election. Assuming that we are trading on the
Nasdaq Capital Market, our Common Shares are expected to be treated as publicly traded for purposes of the mark-to-market election
and, therefore, such election should be able to be made if we are classified as a PFIC. A mark-to-market election is, however, subject
to complex and specific rules and requirements, and U.S. Shareholders are strongly urged to consult their tax advisors concerning this
election if we are classified as a PFIC.
U.S. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the adverse tax consequences of owning our Common
Shares if we are, or become, a PFIC, and the possibility of making certain elections designed to lessen those adverse consequences.
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U.S. Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Dividends paid, if any, on our Common Shares to a U.S. Shareholder may be subject to information reporting and, unless a
U.S. Shareholder either furnishes its taxpayer identification number or otherwise establishes an exemption, may also be subject to
U.S. backup withholding tax. In addition, information reporting generally will apply to payments of proceeds from the sale,
exchange, redemption or other disposition of our Common Shares by a paying agent, including a broker, within the United States to a
U.S. Shareholder. A paying agent within the United States will be required to impose backup withholding on any payments of the
proceeds from the sale, exchange redemption or other disposition of the Common Shares within the United States to a U.S.
Shareholder if such U.S. Shareholder fails to furnish its correct taxpayer identification number or otherwise fails to establish an
exemption or comply with such backup withholding requirements. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and may be refunded
(or credited against the U.S. Shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, if any), provided that certain required information is
furnished to the IRS. The information reporting requirements may apply regardless of whether withholding is required.
Bermuda Taxation
Under current Bermuda law, there are no taxes on profits, income or dividends nor is there any capital gains tax. Furthermore,
APWC has received from the Minister of Finance of Bermuda under the Exempted Undertakings Tax Protection Act of 1966, as
amended, an undertaking that, in the event that Bermuda enacts any legislation imposing tax computed on profits or income, or
computed on any capital asset, gain or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, then the imposition of
any such tax shall not be applicable to APWC or to any of its operations, or the shares, debentures or other obligations of APWC,
until March 31, 2035. This undertaking does not, however, prevent the imposition of any such tax or duty on such persons as are
ordinarily resident in Bermuda and holding such shares, debentures or obligations of APWC or of property taxes on APWC’s self-
owned real property or leasehold interests in Bermuda.
As an exempted company, APWC must pay to the Bermuda government an annual government fee calculated on a sliding-
scale basis by reference to its assessable capital, that is, its authorized share capital plus any share premium.
There is no stamp duty or other transfer tax payable upon the transfer of shares in APWC by shareholders.
10.F. Dividends and Paying Agents
Not applicable
10.G. Statement by Experts
Not applicable
10.H. Documents on Display
APWC is required to comply with the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, applicable to a foreign private issuer.
APWC is currently required to file annually a Form 20-F no later than four months after the close of its fiscal year, which is
December 31. Any time APWC is delinquent in filing timely any periodic reports, including an Annual Report on Form 20-F, with
the SEC, that delinquency may adversely affect APWC’s status on any exchange or quotation service on which its shares are listed or
quoted and APWC may not be entitled to use certain abbreviated registration statements with the SEC in connection with the
registration of any of its securities. APWC has not been delinquent in filing our annual reports in any of the past five years.
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As a foreign private issuer, APWC is exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of
proxy statements, and its officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery
provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
Our reports and other information, when so filed, may be accessed over the Internet on the SEC’s website at
http://www.sec.gov.
In addition, we post certain information regarding our Company and its operations on our website located at www.apwcc.com.
Summary information regarding our Company posted on our website should not be considered to be a substitute for, or a restatement
of, the more complete information regarding our Company, its results of operations and financial condition set forth in this Annual
Report or other documents or information which we may file with the SEC.
10.I. Subsidiary Information
Not applicable
ITEM 11: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISKS
Our Company has exposure to several quantitative market risks, including fluctuations in interest rates, foreign currency
exchange rates and the pricing of commodities, principally copper, our Company’s main raw material. Risk management measures
undertaken by our Company include entering into derivative agreements covering foreign exchange rates and copper pricing, as well
as copper forward pricing agreements. Our Company does not purchase or sell derivative instruments for trading purposes. Our
Company does not engage in trading activities involving copper contracts for which a lack of marketplace quotations would
necessitate the use of fair value estimation techniques.
11.1
Interest Rate Risk
Our Company is not currently a party to any derivative instruments to manage interest rate exposure. In the current interest
rate environment, our Company does not believe that the limited potential loss limitation protection available through the purchase of
interest rate swaps or other derivative instruments against its exposure under floating rate finance facilities merits the cost that would
be incurred in those transactions.
11.2 Foreign Currency Risk
Our Company has exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Our Company’s revenues are generated primarily in
the local currency or currencies in its principal operating regions, North Asia, Thailand, and the ROW, which are also its reporting
segments. However, significant proportions of raw materials are in U.S. dollars.
As our Company’s operating subsidiaries incur operating costs in the local currency where they operate, our Company
believes it is prudent that those operating subsidiaries incur indebtedness in the local currency when debt financing is necessary. The
amount of indebtedness incurred by our operating subsidiaries from time to time is a function of our business strategy, the
attractiveness of borrowing as opposed to other methods of financing operations and tax implications, among other considerations.
Our Company has exposure to currency exchange risk when the results of its operating subsidiaries are translated from the functional
currencies into its reporting currency, the U.S. dollar. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the other comprehensive income in the total
equity section of the consolidated balance sheets included currency translation adjustments of $12.7 million and $4.6 million,
respectively.
See “Item 3: Key Information–Risk Factors–Risks Related to our Financial Activities–Foreign exchange fluctuations could
materially impact our financial performance and our financial condition” for information about the effects of foreign currency
fluctuations on our Company.
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Our Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts with the intention to reduce the foreign exchange risk of
expected sales and purchase transactions. Our Company monitors the foreign exchange exposure and will consider hedging
significant foreign currency exposure should the need arise. See Notes 11 and 27 to APWC’s Financial Statements.
11.3 Market Risks Relating to Copper
Copper is the principal raw material we use, accounting for a majority portion of the cost of sales in 2021. We purchase copper
at prices based on the average prevailing international spot market prices on the LME for copper for the one month prior to purchase.
The price of copper is influenced heavily by global supply and demand as well as speculative trading. As with other costs of
production, changes in the price of copper may affect our cost of sales. Whether this has a material impact on our operating margins
and financial results depends primarily on our ability to adjust our selling prices to our customers, such that increases and decreases
in the price of copper are reflected in those selling prices going forward. The selling price of our products is based in part on the cost
of copper used to manufacture those products. In addition, in the ordinary course of business we maintain inventories of raw
materials and finished products reasonably necessary for the conduct of our business. These inventories typically reflect the cost of
copper prevailing in the market at the time we purchase. Most of our sales of products reflect copper prices prevailing at the time the
products are ordered by our customers. However, in the cases when our Company enters into a sales contract at fixed prices, rising
copper price could render this sales contract onerous that requires our Company to recognize the related onerous losses. In addition, a
long-term decrease in the price of copper would require our Company to revalue the value of its inventory at periodic intervals to the
then market value, which could be below cost. Copper prices have been subject to considerable volatility and it is not always possible
to manage our copper purchases and inventory so as to neutralize the impact of copper price volatility. Accordingly, significant
volatility in copper prices could have a material adverse effect on the results of our operations.
11.4 Equity Price Risk
Our Company is exposed to equity price risk as a result of our unlisted available-for-sale equity securities. The carrying value
of these investments in private companies is subject to fluctuations and their fair market value may be significantly different from the
carrying value.
11.5 Fair Value of Designated Market-Sensitive Derivative Contracts
Not applicable
ITEM 12: DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES
Not applicable
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ITEM 13: DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
None
Part II
ITEM 14: MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Not applicable
ITEM 15: CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including APWC’s Chief
Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures in
accordance with the provisions of Rule 13a-15 promulgated under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, APWC’s CEO and
CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2021.
Management’s report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
APWC’s management, including APWC’s CEO and CFO, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over financial reporting. We do not expect that our internal control will prevent all errors and all fraud, or eliminate the
possibility of fraudulent conduct. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not
absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that
there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. The design of any system of
controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any
design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, a control may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the
inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
APWC’s management, including APWC’s CEO and CFO, has assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2021 (the “Assessment Date”). In making its assessment, management used the criteria set forth in
Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued in 2013 by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the Treadway
Commission. These criteria include the control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication and
monitoring of each of the above criteria. Based on this assessment, APWC’s management, including APWC’s CEO and CFO,
concluded that APWC’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of the Assessment Date.
Attestation report of registered public accounting firm
This annual report does not contain an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control
over financial reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm due to the fact
that such report is not required as APWC is a non-accelerated filer.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation of such
internal control that occurred during the last fiscal year that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our
internal control over financial reporting.
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ITEM 16A: AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
For each of 2021, 2020 and 2019, APWC’s audit committee has consisted of APWC’s three independent directors, Mr. Anson
Chan, Dr. Yichin Lee and Dr. Lambert L. Ding, with Mr. Chan serving as the Audit Committee’s chairman and financial expert. The
Audit Committee of the Board meets the independence requirements set forth in Regulation 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and
under the rules of Nasdaq. Please see Section 6.a. of this Annual Report for additional information on Mr. Chan, Dr. Lee and Dr.
Ding.
ITEM 16B: CODE OF ETHICS
On April 26, 2005, APWC adopted a code of ethics applicable to its Chief Executive Officer and senior financial officers. A
copy of APWC’s code of ethics for senior executives is on file with the SEC (see Item 19 below).
ITEM 16C: PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Audit Fees
The aggregate fees for fiscal years 2021 and 2020 for professional services rendered by the principal independent accountant for
the audit of APWC’s annual financial statements totaled $1.0 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
Tax Fees
The aggregate fees for fiscal years 2021 and 2020 for professional services rendered by the principal independent accountant for
tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning totaled approximately $38 thousand and $42 thousand, respectively.
All Other Fees
(None)
Audit Committee Approval
The engagement of the independent accountant to render audit, audit-related and non-audit services is entered into pursuant to
pre-approval policies and procedures established in the Charter of the Audit Committee of APWC. Each of the services described in
this Item 16C was approved by the Audit Committee.
ITEM 16D: EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR THE AUDIT COMMITTEES
The Audit Committee of the Board consists of three directors, each of whom is independent, as such term is defined in
Regulation 10A-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, and one of whom is a financial expert.
ITEM 16E: PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
Not applicable
ITEM 16F: CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
Not applicable
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ITEM 16G: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
PEWC holds more than 50% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares. Accordingly, we are a “controlled company”
within the meaning of Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards, and may elect to utilize exemptions from certain corporate
governance standards, including the requirement (1) that a majority of the board of directors consist of independent directors, (2) to
have a nominating committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s
purpose and responsibilities and (3) to have a compensation committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a
written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities. We utilize the controlled company exemption for (1) the
requirement to have a majority of our board of directors consist of independent directors, and (2) the requirement to have a
nominating committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing such committee’s purpose
and responsibilities. While we rely on the controlled company exemption for (2), our independent directors oversee our process for
identifying director nominee and review the qualifications of such nominees.
At present, a majority of the Board is affiliated with PEWC, and we rely on Nasdaq’s allowance for foreign private issuers to
follow home country practices in lieu of the requirement that listed companies have regularly scheduled meetings at which only
independent directors are present (“executive sessions”). Nonetheless, our independent directors meet periodically in their capacity as
members of our Audit Committee. Our independent auditors and management occasionally join such meetings, in the interest of
understanding management’s analysis of the Company’s financial performance and compliance with relevant corporate governance
requirements.
Because we have fewer independent directors (i.e. those who do not meet Nasdaq’s independence standards) on our board
than issuers that comply with all of Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards, you are not provided the same level of protection
afforded to investors in issuers that comply with all of Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards.
As APWC’s majority shareholder, PEWC has sufficient votes to control the outcome of any matter presented for a shareholder
vote, including the election of each member of the Board. PEWC may vote its shares in APWC in the manner that it sees fit. In
addition, subject to applicable securities laws, PEWC may sell, convey or encumber all or a portion of its ownership interest in
APWC without regard to the best interests of APWC’s other shareholders except to the extent that it is prohibited from engaging in
conduct oppressive to non-controlling interests under applicable law. The interests of PEWC may conflict with our interests or the
interests of our other shareholders. As a result, PEWC may take actions with respect to us or our business that may not be in our or
our other shareholders’ best interest.
ITEM 16H: MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
Not applicable
ITEM 16I. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
Not applicable
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Part III
ITEM 17:
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our Company has provided the financial statements and related information specified in Item 18.
ITEM 18:
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
See pages F-1 – F-98.
ITEM 19: EXHIBITS
19.1
Index to Audited Financial Statements
Report of independent registered public accounting firm
Consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Notes to consolidated financial statements
19.2
Index to Exhibits
1.1
1.2
2.1
4.1
8
11
Memorandum of Association of Asia Pacific Wire & Cable Corporation Limited (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 1.1 of the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on June 21, 2001). (P)
Third Amended and Restated Bye-Laws of Asia Pacific Wire & Cable Corporation Limited (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on April 30, 2012).
Description of the Rights of Holders of Common Shares (filed herewith).
Composite Services Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Form F-1 filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 13, 1996). (P)
List of significant subsidiaries (see Note 2.2 to the consolidated financial statements).
Code of Ethics (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 11 of the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F filed wi
the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 9, 2007).
12.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer of the Company, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
(filed herewith).
12.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Company, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
(filed herewith).
13.1
Certification by Chief Executive Officer of periodic financial report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
mandated by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (filed herewith).
13.2
Certification by Chief Financial Officer of periodic financial report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
mandated by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (filed herewith).
15.1
Amended and Restated Audit Committee Charter (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.G of the Company’s
Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 13, 2011).
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101.INS*
101.SCH*
101.CAL*
101.DEF*
101.LAB*
101.PRE*
104*
(P) – Paper filings
Inline XBRL Instance Document.
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).
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SIGNATURE
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has
duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
April 29, 2022
ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE
CORPORATION LIMITED
/s/ Yuan Chun Tang
Name:Yuan Chun Tang
Title: Chief Executive Officer
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020
Years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019
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F-2
F-4
F-5
F-6
F-7
F-8
F-9
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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONTENTS
Reports of independent registered public accounting firm(PCAOB ID 1345)
Consolidated income statements
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income
Consolidated balance sheets
Consolidated statements of changes in equity
Consolidated statements of cash flows
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
1.
2.
2.1
2.2
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
Principal activities and corporate information
Basis of preparation
Basis of preparation
Basis of consolidation
Summary of significant accounting policies
New Standards and interpretations
Segment information
Material partly-owned subsidiaries
Income and expenses items
Income tax
Earnings per share
Cash and cash equivalents
Financial assets and financial liabilities
Trade and other receivables
Inventories
Contract assets
Property, plant and equipment
Right of use assets
Investment properties
Intangible assets
Investment in associates
Trade and other payables
Employee benefit
Other current liabilities
Equity
Related party transactions
Commitments and contingencies
Fair value measurement
Financial risk management objectives
Cash flow information
Subsequent event
Approval of the financial statements
F-1
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Asia Pacific Wire & Cable Corporation Limited:
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Asia Pacific Wire & Cable Corporation Limited and its
subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated statements of income,
comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021,
including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated
financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and
2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2021 in
conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm
registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent
with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial
statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we
engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an
understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness
of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial
statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating
the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
F-2
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Critical Audit Matters
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The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial
statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or
disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or
complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated
financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate
opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Revenue Recognition – Estimating Measure of Progress for Supply, Delivery and Installation (“SDI”) Contracts
As described in Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s revenues include revenue from the supply,
delivery and installation (“SDI”) of cable to power transmission contracts in Singapore which amounted to $39.5 million for
the year ended December 31, 2021. Revenue occurs when control transfers to the customer, either over a period of time or at a
single point in time, depending on the scope of each individual contract. When the transfer of control to the customer occurs
over a period of time, revenue of SDI is accounted for using an input method (input costs to total expected input costs) to
measure the progress used to determine the amount of related revenue. When the comparison of total contract revenue to total
expected input cost indicates a loss, a provision for the entire loss on the contract shall be made in the period in which they
become known. Due to the individual nature of the work to be performed on each SDI contract, management’s estimation of
total expected input costs is complex and requires significant judgment.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to revenue recognition – estimating
measure of progress for supply, delivery and installation is a critical audit matter are there was significant judgment by
management when determining the total expected input costs toward complete satisfaction of performance obligation. This in
turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing audit procedures and in evaluating audit
evidence relating to revenue generated from SDI contracts.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall
opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included, among others, (i) testing management’s process
for determining the estimate of total costs to complete its contracts, which included evaluating the reasonableness of significant
assumptions made by management including materials, direct labor and third party-costs; (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of
changes to management’s estimate of total costs to complete throughout the duration of the contract, testing actual direct costs
incurred; and (iii) evaluating management’s ability to reasonably estimate the total expected costs to complete contracts, which
included performing a comparison of management’s prior period cost estimates to final actual costs.
PricewaterhouseCoopers, Taiwan
Taipei, Taiwan
Republic of China
April 29, 2022
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.
F-3
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Revenue
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Other operating income
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other operating expenses
Operating (loss) /profit
Finance costs
Finance income
Share of loss of associates
Exchange (loss)/gain
Other income
Other expense
(Loss)/profit before tax
Income tax benefit/(expense)
(Loss)/profit for the year
Attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent
Non-controlling interests
Note
5(e)
7(g),13
7(a)
7(g)
7(b)
7(c)
7(d)
19
7(e)
7(f)
8
2021
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
US$’000
476,659
313,564
338,160
(455,508)
21,151
(279,686)
33,878
(313,373)
24,787
587
(26,484)
(227)
(4,973)
814
(27,006)
(129)
7,557
385
(25,051)
(770)
(649)
(1,251)
123
(1)
(4,425)
671
(1)
(9,857)
1,345
(8,512)
(2,642)
(5,870)
(8,512)
(744)
320
(1)
(579)
1,173
(1)
7,725
(4,016)
3,709
(552)
4,261
3,709
(1,012)
506
(3)
1,550
717
(3)
1,106
(2,057)
(951)
(1,632)
681
(951)
(Loss) /earnings per share
Basic and diluted (loss) / profit for the year attributable to equity
holders of the parent
9
$
(0.19) $
(0.04) $
(0.12)
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-4
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019
(Loss)/profit for the year
Other comprehensive (loss)/income
Other comprehensive (loss)/income to be reclassified to profit or loss
in subsequent periods:
Exchange differences on translation of foreign
operations, net of tax of $0
2021
2020
2019
Note
US$’000
US$’000
US$’000
(8,512)
3,709
(951)
23(c)
(15,028)
(15,028)
5,211
5,211
10,677
10,677
Other comprehensive income/(loss) not to be reclassified
to profit or loss in subsequent periods:
Changes in the fair value of equity instruments measured at fair
value through other comprehensive income
Income tax effect
Other comprehensive income from equity instruments
measured at fair value, net of tax
Re-measuring income/(loss) on defined benefit plans
Income tax effect
Defined benefit pension plan, net of tax
11(d)
8
23(c)
21
8
23(c)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income for the year,
net of tax
Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the year,
net of tax
Attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent
Non-controlling interests
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
734
(147)
587
559
(112)
447
(1,789)
358
(1,431)
199
(40)
159
1,670
(334)
1,336
(1,727)
345
(1,382)
(13,994)
3,939
10,631
(22,506)
7,648
9,680
(10,193)
(12,313)
(22,506)
4,006
3,642
7,648
3,786
5,894
9,680
F-5
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents(excluding bank
overdrafts)
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Trade receivables
Other receivables
Contract assets
Due from related parties
Inventories
Prepayments
Other current assets
Non-current assets
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Property, plant and equipment
Right of use assets
Investment properties
Intangible assets
Investments in associates
Deferred tax assets
Other non-current assets
Total assets
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables
Due to related parties
Accruals
Current tax liabilities
Employee benefit liabilities
Lease liabilities
Other current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Employee benefit liabilities
Lease liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities
Total liabilities
Equity
Issued capital
Additional paid-in capital
Treasury shares
Retained earnings
Other components of equity
Note
10
11
12
12,27(e)
14
24
13
11,26
15,27(e)
16(a)
7(a),17,26
18
19
8
11(b)
20
24
8
21
11(d)
22
11(b)
21
11(d)
8
23
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent
Non-controlling interests
Total equity
Total liabilities and equity
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
44,507
249
103,564
2,648
11,381
13,965
128,797
2,526
4,366
312,003
2,929
54,419
3,393
5,809
129
835
7,241
2,670
77,425
389,428
62,083
44,784
11,865
23,374
3,394
1,987
571
14,135
162,193
3,304
8,593
1,916
4,105
17,918
180,111
138
110,249
(38)
50,190
(13,039)
147,500
61,817
209,317
389,428
52,237
—
82,071
6,192
10,245
10,982
96,371
4,055
1,546
263,699
2,271
54,700
3,248
6,378
180
930
3,889
2,824
74,420
338,119
10,131
27,370
10,620
21,361
3,567
1,950
551
7,826
83,376
3,650
10,027
1,783
4,408
19,868
103,244
138
110,416
(38)
52,832
(5,488)
157,860
77,015
234,875
338,119
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019
Additional
paid-in
capital
Issued
capital
Retained
earnings
NoteUS$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
Treasury
shares
Attributable to the equity holders of the parent
Financial
assets at
FVOCI
reserve
Remeasurement
of
defined
benefit plans
US$’000
Foreign
currency
translation
Total
equity
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
reserve Total
Non-
controlling
interests
23
Balance at
January 1,
2019
Net loss
Other
comprehensive
income/(loss)
Total
comprehensive
income/(loss)
Dividends paid 23
Effect from the
changes in
shareholding
percentage in
subsidiary
Balance at
December 31,
2019
Net profit
Other
comprehensive
income/(loss)
Total
comprehensive
income/(loss)
Dividends paid 23
Balance at
December 31,
2020
Net profit
Other
comprehensive
income/(loss)
Total
comprehensive
income/(loss)
Dividends paid 23
'Effect from the
changes in
shareholding
percentage in
subsidiary
Balance at
December 31,
2021
23
23
138 110,376
—
—
(38) 55,016
(1,632)
—
(917)
—
704
—
(15,251) 150,028
(1,632)
—
71,788 221,816
(951)
681
—
—
—
—
(704)
680
5,442
5,418
5,213 10,631
—
—
—
—
—
—
(1,632)
—
(704)
—
680
—
5,442
—
3,786
—
5,894
(2,763)
9,680
(2,763)
—
40
—
—
—
—
—
40
(338)
(298)
138 110,416
—
—
(38) 53,384
(552)
—
(1,621)
—
1,384
—
(9,809) 153,854
(552)
—
74,581 228,435
3,709
4,261
—
—
—
—
81
(729)
5,206
4,558
(619)
3,939
—
—
—
—
—
—
(552)
—
81
—
(729)
—
5,206
—
4,006
—
3,642
(1,208)
7,648
(1,208)
138 110,416
—
—
(38) 52,832
(2,642)
—
(1,540)
—
655
—
(4,603) 157,860
(2,642)
—
77,015 234,875
(8,512)
(5,870)
—
—
—
—
228
300
(8,079)
(7,551)
(6,443) (13,994)
—
—
—
—
—
—
(2,642)
—
228
—
300
—
(8,079) (10,193)
—
—
(12,313) (22,506)
(2,817)
(2,817)
—
(167)
—
—
—
—
—
(167)
(68)
(235)
138 110,249
(38) 50,190
(1,312)
955
(12,682) 147,500
61,817 209,317
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019
Operating activities:
(Loss)/profit before tax
Adjustments to reconcile profit before tax to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation
Impairment of property, plant and equipment
Amortization of intangible assets
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Adjustment for (gain) on fair value of derivatives
Dividend income
Finance income
Finance costs
Share of loss of associates
Impairment (reversal of impairment) for trade receivables
Impairment (reversal of impairment) for trade receivables for
related parties
Impairment of other receivable
Impairment (Write-back of impairment) of inventories
Unrealized foreign exchange difference, net
Noncash other operating income
(Gain) on lease modification
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Trade and other receivable, net
Contract assets
Inventories
Prepayment and other current assets
Amounts due to/from related parties
Other non-current assets
Trade and other payables, accruals, other current liabilities and
other non-current liabilities
Net cash flows (used in)/provided by operating activities
Dividend received
Interest received
Interest paid
Income tax paid
Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities
Investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchases of intangible assets
Purchases of investment properties
Purchases of long-term bank deposits
Purchases of short-term bank deposits
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment
Proceeds from maturities of short-term bank deposits
Net cash used in by investing activities
Financing activities:
Dividend paid to non-controlling shareholders of subsidiaries
Repayments of borrowings
Repayments of borrowings - related parties
Proceeds from borrowings
Proceeds from borrowings - related parties
Principal elements of lease payments
Effect from the changes in shareholding percentage in subsidiary
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Effect of exchange rate
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Note
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
(9,857)
7,725
1,106
15,16,17
15
18
7(a)
7(e),7(f)
7(e)
7(d)
7(c)
19
7(b),12(a)
7(a),7(b)
7(a),7(b)
13
28
18
28
28
10
10
5,447
7
47
(318)
(259)
(106)
(123)
1,251
1
205
15
—
14,136
1,784
—
(2)
(25,739)
(1,387)
(53,857)
(886)
3,911
(169)
28,896
(37,003)
106
131
(1,078)
(3,768)
(41,612)
(8,547)
(4)
—
(38)
(1,364)
399
3,401
(6,153)
(2,817)
(11,819)
(6,000)
63,915
—
(632)
(235)
42,412
(4,372)
(9,725)
52,237
42,512
5,340
202
62
(239)
(3)
(108)
(320)
744
1
124
(11)
(80)
(240)
411
(60)
—
(1,899)
(5,242)
(8,828)
(1,928)
2,777
42
19,917
18,387
108
1,199
(613)
(2,706)
16,375
(14,537)
(67)
(1,762)
(610)
(3,617)
297
—
(20,296)
(1,208)
(5,037)
(639)
3,531
6,000
(586)
—
2,061
424
(1,436)
53,673
52,237
5,274
546
50
(88)
(146)
(109)
(506)
1,012
3
(122)
—
30
(322)
(503)
—
—
16,031
(3,160)
3,166
484
1,177
(238)
(5,527)
18,158
109
457
(894)
(2,690)
15,140
(5,442)
(20)
—
(272)
(835)
171
—
(6,398)
(2,763)
(19,811)
—
5,349
—
(426)
(298)
(17,949)
2,102
(7,105)
60,778
53,673
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1.
PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES AND CORPORATE INFORMATION
Asia Pacific Wire & Cable Corporation Limited (“APWC”), which is a subsidiary of Pacific Electric Wire & Cable Co., Ltd.
(“PEWC”), a Taiwanese company, was incorporated as an exempted company in Bermuda on September 19, 1996 under the
Companies Act 1981 of Bermuda (as amended) for the purpose of acting as a holding company. APWC is principally engaged
in owning operating companies engaged in the power cable, telecommunication cable, enameled wire and electronic cable
industry. APWC’s registered office is located at Victoria Place, 5th Floor, 31 Victoria Street, Hamilton HM 10, Bermuda.
APWC’s executive business office is presently located in Taipei, Taiwan.
APWC’s operating subsidiaries (the “Operating Subsidiaries”) are engaged in the manufacturing and distribution of
telecommunications, power cable and enameled wire products in Singapore, Thailand, Australia, the People’s Republic of
China (“PRC”) and other markets in the Asia Pacific region. Major customers of the Operating Subsidiaries include
government organizations, electric contracting firms, electrical dealers, and wire and cable factories. The Operating
Subsidiaries also engage in the distribution of certain wire and cable products manufactured by PEWC and third parties. The
Operating Subsidiaries also provides project engineering services in supply, delivery and installation (the “SDI”) of power
cable to certain of its customers.
Since 1997, APWC has been a U.S. public company with its common shares registered with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “SEC” or the “Commission”). On April 29, 2011, APWC’s common shares commenced trading on Nasdaq
Capital Market tier. On February 15, 2013, APWC’s common shares started trading on the Nasdaq Global Market tier. On July
24, 2020, APWC transferred its listing of common shares to the Nasdaq Capital Market tier because of failing to meet the
minimum Market Value of Publicly Held Shares ("MVPHS") requirement to continue listing on the Nasdaq Global Market.
PEWC is currently holding 75.5% of the equity of APWC and is APWC’s ultimate parent company
Share Capital Repurchase Program
APWC’s Board of Directors authorized a share capital repurchase program on August 28, 2012. During 2012 and 2013,
APWC repurchased 11,100 shares with total considerations of $38 until APWC suspended the share capital repurchase
program as of June 30, 2013. APWC records the value of its common shares held in the treasury at cost.
On August 13, 2014, APWC announced that its Board of Directors authorized the future implementation of a share repurchase
program of up to $1 million worth of its Common Shares. APWC did not announce a commencement date for that future share
repurchase program, and, to date, it has not yet been implemented, and no financial liability has been recognized.
Plans for Rights Offering to Shareholders
On July 16, 2021, APWC announced that it has filed a Registration Statement on Form F-1 with Securities and Exchange
Commission for a rights offering to holders of its common shares. In the rights offering, APWC will distribute at no charge to
all of its shareholders, non-transferable subscription rights to purchase additional common shares of APWC. APWC expects to
receive gross proceeds of approximately $8.3 million before expenses. The net proceeds of the rights offering will be used for
general working capital and corporate purposes.
On December 28, 2021, APWC announced the subscription period for the rights offering is expected to commence on January
14, 2022, and to terminate on January 31, 2022.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2.
BASIS OF PREPARATION
2.1
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standard
(“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical basis except where otherwise disclosed in the
accounting policies. The consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and all values are rounded to
the nearest thousand (US$’000), except when otherwise indicated.
2.2 Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of APWC and its subsidiaries (collectively as
“our Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of operations of our Company for the years ended
December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.
Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date of acquisition (the date on which our Company obtains control), and
continue to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases. Our Company controls an entity when our Company
is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those
returns through its power over the entity. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting
period as the parent company, using consistent accounting policies. All intra-group balances, transactions, unrealized
gains and losses and dividends resulting from intra-group transactions are eliminated in full.
Non-controlling interests in the results and equity of subsidiaries are shown separately in the consolidated income
statements, statements of comprehensive income, statements of changes in equity and balance sheets, respectively. Total
comprehensive income (loss) within a subsidiary is attributed to the non-controlling interest even if it results in a deficit
balance.
A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without a loss of control, is accounted for as an equity transaction. If
our Company loses control over a subsidiary, it:
► Derecognizes the assets (including goodwill) and liabilities of the subsidiary
► Derecognizes the carrying amount of any non-controlling interest
► Derecognizes the cumulative transaction differences recorded in equity
► Recognizes the fair value of the consideration received
► Recognizes the fair value of any investment retained
► Recognizes any surplus or deficit in profit or loss
► Reclassifies the parent’s share of components previously recognized in other comprehensive income to profit or loss or
retained earnings, as appropriate, as would be required if our Company had directly disposed of the related assets or
liability.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2.
BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued)
2.2 Basis of consolidation (continued)
The subsidiaries of our Company are set out below:
Place of incorporation and operations
The British Virgin Islands
APWC General Holdings Limited
PRC (APWC) Holding Ltd.
Samray Inc.
Siam (APWC) Holdings Ltd.
Moon View Ltd.
Trigent Investment Holdings Limited
Crown Century Holdings Ltd.
Singapore
Sigma Cable Company (Private) Limited (“Sigma Cable”)
Epan Industries Pte Ltd.
Singvale Pte Ltd.
The People’s Republic of China (“PRC”)
Ningbo Pacific Cable Co., Ltd. (“Ningbo Pacific”)
Shanghai Yayang Electric Co., Ltd. (“SYE”)
Pacific Electric Wire & Cable (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (“PEWS”)
Hong Kong
Crown Century Holdings Limited (“CCH (HK)”)
Australia
Australia Pacific Electric Cable Pty Limited (“APEC”)
Thailand
Charoong Thai Wire and Cable Public Company Limited (“Charoong
Thai”) (i)
Siam Pacific Electric Wire & Cable Company Limited (“Siam Pacific”)
Double D Cable Company Limited (“Double D”)
Hard Lek Limited.
APWC (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
PEWC (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
CTW Beta Co., Ltd.
Siam Fiber Optics Co., Ltd. (“SFO”) (ii)
Taiwan
Asia Pacific New Energy Corporation Limited ("APNEC") (iii)
YASHIN Energy Corporation Limited ("YASHIN") (iii)
YADING Energy Corporation Limited ("YADING") (iii)
F-11
Percentage of equity interest
2020
2021
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
98.30%
98.30%
100%
97.93%
68.75%
97.93%
97.93%
98.06%
50.93%
50.93%
50.93%
73.98%
99.48%
99.48%
50.89%
50.93%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
98.30%
98.30%
100%
97.93%
68.75%
97.93%
97.93%
98.06%
50.93%
50.93%
50.93%
73.98%
99.48%
99.48%
50.89%
45.84%
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2.
BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued)
2.2
Basis of consolidation (continued)
(i)
(ii)
Charoong Thai is listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand and is engaged in the manufacturing of wire and cable
products for the power and telecommunications industries in Thailand.
APWC holds 50.93% of the interests of Charoong Thai. Until June 30, 2021, Charoong Thai held 90% of the
interests in SFO, giving APWC control over 45.84% of the voting power of SFO. On June 30, 2021, Charoong Thai
acquired the other 10% interest in SFO (for a total consideration of THB 7.5 million), increasing its interests in SFO
to 100% and APWC’s control of the voting power of SFO from 45.84% to 50.93%. Our Company recorded the
effect of change in shareholding of the subsidiaries, amounting to $(167) under the caption of “Additional paid-in
capital” in the consolidated statement of change in equity.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our Company has consistently applied the following accounting policies to all periods presented in these consolidated
financial statements, except as mentioned otherwise (see also Note 4.1).
3.1
Current versus non-current classification
Our Company presents assets and liabilities in the balance sheets based on current and non-current classification. An
asset is current when it is:
Expected to be realized or intended to be sold or consumed in the normal operating cycle;
► Held primarily for the purpose of trading;
► Expected to be realized within twelve months after the reporting period; or
► Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least twelve
months after the reporting period.
All other assets are classified as non-current.
A liability is current when:
It is expected to be settled in a normal operating cycle;
► It is held primarily for the purpose of trading;
► It is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or
► There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the
reporting period.
Our Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.
3.2 Operating profit
The operating profit is the profit earned from core business operations, and it does not include any profit earned from
investment and the effects of interest and taxes.
3.3
Fair value measurement
Our Company measures financial instruments at fair value at each balance sheet date. In addition, fair values of
financial instruments measured at amortized cost are disclosed in Note 11(d).
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the
transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:
► In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
► In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.
The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible to by our Company.
The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when
pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.3
Fair value measurement (continued)
A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic
benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the
asset in its highest and best use.
Our Company uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are
available to measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of
unobservable inputs.
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorized within
the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value
measurement as a whole:
► Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
► Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assets or liability,
either directly or indirectly
► Level 3 — Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement
is unobservable
For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the financial statements on a recurring basis, our Company determines
whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by re-assessing categorization (based on the lowest
level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.
For the purpose of fair value disclosures, our Company has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of
the nature, characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.
3.4
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheet comprise of cash at banks and highly liquid investments
with purchased maturities of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.
For the purpose of the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are net of outstanding bank
overdrafts as they are considered an integral part of our Company’s cash management.
3.5
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost of manufactured goods is determined on the
weighted average basis and, in the case of work in progress and finished goods, comprises direct materials, direct labor
and an appropriate proportion of overheads based on the normal operating capacity. Cost of distributed goods is
determined on the weighted average basis. Net realizable value is based on estimated selling prices less any estimated
costs to be incurred to completion and the estimated cost necessary to make the sale.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.6
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment
losses. Such cost includes the cost of replacing part of the property, plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-
term construction projects if the recognition criteria are met.
Expenditure incurred after items of property, plant and equipment have been put into operation, such as repairs and
maintenance, is normally charged to profit or loss in the period in which it is incurred. In situations where the
recognition criteria are satisfied, the expenditure for a major inspection is capitalized in the carrying amount of the
asset as a replacement. When significant parts of property, plant and equipment are required to be replaced at intervals,
our Company recognizes such parts as individual assets with specific useful lives and depreciates them accordingly.
Spare parts and servicing equipment are usually carried as inventory and recognized in profit or loss as consumed.
However, major spare parts and stand-by equipment qualify as property, plant and equipment when an entity expects to
use them for more than one year.
The present value of the expected cost for the decommissioning of an asset after its use is included in the cost of the
respective asset if the recognition criteria for a provision are met. A provision shall be recognized when:
(a)
(b)
an entity has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event;
it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation;
and
(c)
a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
If these conditions are not met, no provision shall be recognized.
Depreciation
Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
► Buildings
► Building improvement
► Machinery and equipment
► Motor vehicles
► Office equipment
15-30 years
2-20 years
4-20 years
3-10 years
3-20 years
An item of property, plant and equipment and any significant part initially recognized is derecognized upon disposal or
when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of
the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is
included in the income statement when the asset is derecognized.
The assets’ residual values, useful lives and methods of depreciation are reviewed at each financial year end, and
adjusted prospectively, if appropriate.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.6
Property, plant and equipment (continued)
Impairment
If circumstances arise which indicate assets might be impaired, a review should be undertaken of their cash generating
abilities through either use or sales. This review will produce an amount, which should be compared with the asset’s
carrying value, and if the carrying value is higher, the difference must be written off as an impairment adjustment in the
income statement. Further detailed methodology used for an impairment test is given in Note 3.11 - Impairment of non-
financial assets.
3.7
Leases
Our Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, our Company assesses
whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for
consideration.
Our Company as a lessee
Our Company, as a lessee, applies a single accounting model to recognize assets and liabilities for all leases, except for
the lease term is 12 months or less or the underlying asset has a low value. Our Company recognizes lease liabilities to
make lease payment and right-of-use assets representing the right to use the underlying assets.
(i) Right-of-use assets
Our Company recognizes right-of-use assets at the commencement date of the lease (i.e., the date the underlying asset
is available for use). Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, less any accumulated depreciation and impairment
losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities. The cost of right-of-use assets includes the amount of
lease liabilities recognized, initial direct costs incurred, and lease payment made at or before the commencement date
less any lease incentives received. Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the
lease term and the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:
►Land use right
►Buildings
►Motor vehicles
►Office equipment
2 to 37 years
2 to 3 years
2 to 3 years
3 to 5 years
If the ownership of the leased asset transfers to our Company at the end of the lease term or the cost reflects the
exercise of a purchase option, depreciation is calculated using the estimated useful life of the asset.
The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment. Refer to the accounting policies Note 3.11 impairment of non-
financial assets.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.7
Leases (continued)
(ii) Lease liabilities
At the commencement date of the lease, our Company recognizes lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease
payment to be made over the lease term. The lease payments include fixed payments (including in-substance fixed
payments) less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, and amounts
expected to be paid under residual value guarantees. The lease payments also include the exercise price of a purchase
option reasonably certain to be exercised by our Company and payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the
lease term reflects our Company exercising the option to terminate. Variable lease payments that do not depend on an
index or a rate are recognized as expenses in the period in which the event or condition that triggers the payment
occurs.
In calculating the present value of lease payments, our Company uses its incremental borrowing rate at the lease
commencement date because the interest rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. After the commencement
date, the amount of lease liabilities is increased to reflect the accretion of interest and reduced for the lease payments
made. In addition, the carrying amount of lease liabilities is remeasured if there is a modification, a change in the lease
term, a change in the lease payments (e.g. changes to future payments resulting from a change in an index or rate used
to determine such lease payment) or a change in the assessment of an option to purchase the underlying asset.
(iii) Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
Our Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases. It also applies the lease of
low-value assets recognition exemption to its leases that are considered of low value. Lease payments on short-term
leases and leases of low-value assets are recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Our Company as a lessor
Leases for which our Company is a lessor are classified each of its leases as either an operating lease or finance lease.
Finance lease
Whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an underlying
asset, the lease is classified as a finance lease. Amount due from lessees under finance lease are recognized as
receivables at the amount of our Company’s net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to
accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on our Company’s net investment outstanding in
respect of the leases.
Operating lease
Leases in which our Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an
asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income arising is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease
terms and is included in revenue in the consolidated income statements due to its operating nature. Initial direct costs
incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and
recognized over the lease term on the same basis as rental income. Contingent rents are recognized as revenue in the
period in which they are earned.
Property (land and/or a building, or part of a building) subject to an operating lease shall be recognized as an
investment property.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.8
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs are required to be capitalized as part of the cost of the asset if they are directly attributable to the
acquisition, construction or productions of a qualifying asset (whether or not the funds have been borrowed
specifically). All other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred.
A qualifying asset is an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period to get ready for its intended use or sale.
Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.
Borrowing costs include:
► interest expense calculated using the effective interest method;
► finance charges in respect of lease liabilities; and
► exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an
adjustment to interest costs. Exchange differences are generally regarded as borrowing costs only to the extent
that the combined borrowing costs, including exchange differences, approximate the amount of borrowing costs
on functional currency equivalent borrowings.
For specific borrowings, the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization are the actual borrowing costs incurred related
to funds that are borrowed specifically to obtain a qualifying asset less any investment income earned on the temporary
investment of those borrowings.
For general borrowings, the capitalization rate applied to borrowing costs on the consolidation level will be based on
cash management strategy, which might be the weighted average of the group borrowings outstanding during the
period.
3.9
Investment properties
Investment properties are properties held to earn rentals and/or for capital appreciation (including property under
construction for such purposes). Investment properties are measured initially at cost, including transaction costs.
Subsequent to initial recognition, investment properties are carried at historical cost less provisions for depreciation and
impairment. Additional costs incurred subsequent to the acquisition of an asset increase the carrying amount of the
asset or recognized as a separate asset if it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the assets will flow
into our Company and the cost of an asset can be measured reliably. Routine maintenance and repairs are expensed as
incurred. While land is not depreciated, all other investment property is depreciated based on the respective assets
estimated useful lives ranging from 20 to 40 years using the straight-line method.
The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period,
with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis. An investment property is derecognized
upon disposal or when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefits are
expected from the disposal. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the property (calculated as the difference
between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in income or loss in the period in
which the property is derecognized.
International Accounting Standards (“IAS”) 40 requires disclosures about the fair value of any investment property
recorded at cost. See Note 17 – Investment Properties.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.10 Financial instruments
A financial instrument is a contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity
instrument of another entity.
(i) Financial assets
Classification and measurement
Except for certain trade receivables, our Company initially measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of
a financial asset not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition or issue
of the financial asset. Financial instruments are subsequently measured at amortized cost, fair value through other
comprehensive income (FVOCI) or fair value through profit or loss (FVPL). The classification is based on two criteria:
the objective of our Company’s business model for managing the assets; and whether the instruments’ contractual cash
flows represent ‘solely payments of principal and interest’ on the principal amount outstanding (the ‘SPPI criterion’).
The classification and measurement of financial assets is as follows:
► Debt instruments at amortized cost
Financial assets meeting both conditions: (i) held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial
assets in order to collect contractual cash flows, and (ii) the contractual terms of the financial assets give arise
on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount
outstanding, are measured subsequent to initial recognition at amortized cost.
The amortized cost of a financial asset is the amount at which the financial asset is measured at initial
recognition minus the principal repayments, plus the cumulative amortization using the effective interest rate
(“EIR”) method of any difference between that initial amount and the maturity amount, adjusted for any loss
allowance. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses, and any impairment charges for such instruments
are recognized in profit or loss.
Our Company’s financial assets at amortized costs include cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, other
receivable, and the receivable from related party.
► Debt instruments at FVOCI with gains or losses recycled to profit or loss on derecognition
Financial assets that are held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to both
collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets, and that the contractual terms of the financial assets
give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal
amount outstanding. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses, and any impairment charges on such
instruments are recognized in profit or loss. All other fair value gains and losses are recognized in OCI. On
disposal of these debt instruments, any related balance with FVOCI reserve is reclassified to profit or loss.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.10 Financial instruments (continued)
(i) Financial assets (continued)
► Equity instruments designated at FVOCI with no recycling of gains or losses on derecognition
These instruments are undertakings in which our Company does not have significant influence or control,
generally evidenced by ownership of less than 20% of the voting rights. Our Company designates these
investments on an instrument by instrument basis as equity securities at FVOCI because they represent
investments held for long term strategic purposes.
Investments in equity instruments at FVOCI are initially measured at fair value plus transaction costs.
Subsequently, they are measured at fair value with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value recognized
in OCI. These investments are not subject to impairment testing and upon disposal, the cumulative gain or loss
in OCI is not reclassified to profit or loss on disposal. Dividends from such investments continue to be
recognized in profit or loss when our Company’s right to receive payments is established.
Our Company elected to classify irrevocably its non-listed equity investments under this category.
► Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVPL)
Assets that do not meet the criteria for amortized cost or FVOCI are measured at FVPL. A gain or loss on a debt
instrument that is subsequently measured at FVPL is recognized in profit or loss in the period in which it arises.
Even if an instrument meets the two requirements to be measured at amortized cost or FVOCI, our Company
may, at initial recognition, irrevocably designate a financial asset as measured at FVPL if doing so eliminates or
significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency.
Changes in the fair value of financial assets at FVPL are recognized in the statement of profit or loss as
applicable.
Reclassification
When, and only, our Company changes its business model for managing financial assets it shall reclassify all affected
financial assets according to the classification and measurement criteria discussed earlier. If our Company reclassifies
financial assets, it shall apply the reclassification prospectively from the reclassification date and shall not restate any
previously recognized gains, losses (including impairment gains or losses) or interest.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.10 Financial instruments (continued)
(i) Financial assets (continued)
Derecognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is
primarily derecognized (i.e. removed from our Company’s consolidated balance sheet) when and only when:
(a) the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired, or
(b) our Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset, or has assumed an obligation to pay the
received cash flows in full without material delay to one or more recipients under a “pass-through” arrangement; and
either (i) our Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (ii) our Company has
neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset but has transferred control of the
asset.
When our Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from an asset or has entered into a pass-through
arrangement, it evaluates the extent to which, it has retained the risks and rewards of ownership. When it has neither
transferred nor retained substantially all of the risks and rewards of the asset and has not transferred the control of the
assets, our Company continues to recognize the transferred asset to the extent of its continuing involvement. In that
case, our Company also recognizes an associated liability. The transferred asset and the associated liability are
measured on a basis that reflects the rights and obligations that our Company has retained.
Continuing involvement that takes the form of a guarantee over the transferred asset is measured at the lower of the
original carrying amount of the asset and the maximum amount of consideration that our Company could be required to
repay (“the guarantee amount”).
(ii) Financial liabilities
Classification and measurement
Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans
and borrowings, payables, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate.
All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value and, net of directly attributable transaction costs in the case
of loans and borrowings.
Our Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, bank overdrafts and interest-being loans and
borrowings. These financial liabilities represent liabilities for goods and services provided to our Company and refund
liabilities arising from contracts with customers. Trade payable are non-interest bearing and are normally settled on 60-
day terms. The refund liabilities are rebate and discounts for the sale of goods to external customers in the ordinary
course of our Company’s activities. Trade and other payables are presented as current liabilities unless payment is not
due within 12 months after the reporting period. They are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured
at amortized cost using the EIR method.
After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the
EIR method. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through
the EIR amortization process.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.10 Financial instruments (continued)
(ii) Financial liabilities (continued)
Classification and measurement (continued)
Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are
an integral part of the EIR. The EIR amortization is included as finance costs in the income statement.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled, or expires. When
an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms or the terms
of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of
the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is
recognized in the income statement.
(iii) Foreign currency forward contracts
Non-hedging derivatives are initially recognized at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and
recorded as financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss. They are subsequently re-
measured at fair value, and the gains or losses are recognized in profit or loss.
(iv) Impairment of financial instruments
The following financial instruments are included within the scope of the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 Financial
Instruments:
(a) Financial assets measured at amortized cost;
(b) Financial assets mandatorily measured at FVOCI;
(c) Loan commitments when there is a present obligation to extend credit (except where these are
measured at FVPL);
(d) Financial guarantee contracts to which IFRS 9 is applied (except those measured at FVPL);
(e) Lease receivables within the scope of IFRS 16 Leases from January 1, 2019 and IAS 17 prior to
January 1, 2019.
(f) Contract assets within the scope of IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
From January 1, 2018, our Company assesses on a forward looking basis the expected credit losses (ECLs) associated
with its debt instruments carried at amortized cost and FVOCI. The impairment methodology applied depends on
whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk.
With the exception of purchased or originated credit impaired financial assets, ECLs are required to be measured
through a loss allowance at an amount equal to:
(a) credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition – recognize 12-month ECLs , and recognize
interest on a gross basis; or
(b) credit risk has increased significantly since initial recognition – recognize lifetime ECL, and recognize interest on a
gross basis.
A loss allowance for full lifetime ECLs is required for contract assets or trade receivables that do not constitute a
financing transaction in accordance with IFRS 15. Our Company may select its accounting policy for contract assets
and trade receivables, containing a significant financing component and lease receivables to measure the loss allowance
at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.10 Financial instruments (continued)
For trade receivables and contract assets, our Company applies the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9, which
requires expected lifetime losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables, see Note 12(c) for further
details.
Our Company recognizes in profit or loss, the amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust
the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized.
(v) Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the consolidated statement of
financial position if when the following conditions are met: (i) there is a currently enforceable legal right to offset the
recognized amounts; and (ii) there is an intention to settle on a net basis, to realize the assets and settle the liabilities
simultaneously.
(vi) Fair value of financial instruments
The fair value of financial instruments that are traded in active markets at each reporting date is determined by
reference to quoted market prices or dealer price quotations (bid price for long positions and ask price for short
positions), without any deduction for transaction costs.
For financial instruments not traded in an active market, the fair value is determined using appropriate valuation
techniques. Such techniques may include:
► Recent arm’s length market transactions
► Current fair value of another instrument that is substantially the same
► A discounted cash flow analysis or other valuation models
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.11
Impairment of non-financial assets
Our Company assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any
indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, our Company estimates the asset’s
recoverable amount. An asset’s recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or cash-generating unit’s (“CGU”) fair
value less costs to sell and its value in use. A CGU is the smallest group of assets that generates cash inflows that are
largely independent of the cash flows from other assets or groups of assets. Recoverable amount is determined for an
individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets
or Company of assets. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is
considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In
determining fair value less costs to sell, recent market transactions are taken into account. If no such transactions can be
identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, quoted
share prices for publicly traded companies or other available fair value indicators.
Our Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecast calculations, which are prepared
separately for each of our Company’s CGUs to which the individual assets are allocated. These budgets and forecast
calculations generally cover a period of five years. For longer periods, a long-term growth rate is calculated and applied
to project future cash flows after the fifth year.
Impairment losses of continuing operations are recognized in the income statement in expense categories consistent
with the function of the impaired asset.
For assets excluding goodwill, an assessment is made at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication
that previously recognized impairment losses no longer exist or have decreased. If such indication exists, our Company
estimates the asset’s or CGU’s recoverable amount. A previously recognized impairment loss is reversed only if there
has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss
was recognized. The reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount,
nor exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been
recognized for the asset in prior years. Such reversal is recognized in the consolidated income statement.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.12
Intangible assets
Computer software
The costs of acquiring software is capitalized separately as an intangible asset on the basis of the costs incurred to
acquire and bring to use the specific software. Acquired software (licenses) is stated at cost less accumulated
amortization and impairment losses.
Amortization of software applications is charged to operating expenses and/or cost on a straight-line basis over 2 to 10
years from the date they are available for use.
The residual values and useful lives are reviewed at each balance sheet date and adjusted, if appropriate.
3.13 Taxes
Current income tax
Current income tax assets and liabilities for the current period are measured at the amount expected to be recovered
from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are
enacted or substantively enacted, at the reporting date in the countries where our Company operates.
Current income tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in the income
statement. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations in which
applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and establishes provisions where appropriate.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and
liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes at the reporting date.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, except:
► When the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a
transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting
profit nor taxable profit or loss; or
► In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests
in joint ventures, when the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is
probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences, the carry forward of unused tax credits and
any unused tax losses. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be
available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused
tax losses can be utilized, except:
► When the deferred tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of
an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects
neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; or
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.13 Taxes (continued)
Deferred tax (continued)
► In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and
interests in joint ventures, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that the
temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the
temporary differences can be utilized.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no
longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized.
Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has
become probable that future taxable profits will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is
realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at
the reporting date.
The tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognized in profit or loss, except to the
extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive income or items recognized directly in equity, in which
cases the tax is recognized in other comprehensive income or equity. Deferred tax relating to items recognized outside
profit or loss is recognized outside profit or loss.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets
against current income tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation
authority.
Uncertain tax position
An entity’s tax position might be uncertain; for example, where the tax treatment of an item of expense or structured
transaction may be challenged by the tax authorities.
Our Company considers each uncertain tax positions individually, by first considering whether each position taken in
the tax return is probable of being sustained on examination by the taxing authority, and recognizing a liability for each
item that is not probable of being sustained. The liability then is measured using a single best estimate of the most
likely outcome. The uncertain tax positions are presented in the current tax liabilities.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.14 Revenue recognition
Our Company generates revenue primarily from the sales of wires and cables and supply, delivery and installation
services to its customers (see Note 5(e)).
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when (or as) control of the goods or services (i.e. assets) are
transferred to the customer at an amount that reflects the consideration to which our Company expects to be entitled in
exchange for those goods or services. Our Company has concluded that it is the principal in its revenue arrangements
because it controls the goods or services before transferring them to the customer. Our Company has certain contracts
with customers to perform fabrication services for its customers, converting customer-owned raw materials to wire and
cable products. Our Company is responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified services.
Revenue is recognized as control is passed, either over time or at a point in time.
Our Company recognizes revenue over time if one of the following criteria is met:
(a) the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by our Company’s performance as the
entity performs;
(b) our Company’s performance creates or enhances an asset (for example, work in progress) that the customer controls
as the asset is created or enhanced; or
(c) our Company’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to our Company and our Company has
an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date.
If our Company does not satisfy its performance obligation over time, it satisfies it at a point in time. Revenue will
therefore be recognized when control is passed at a certain point in time. Factors that may indicate the point in time at
which control passes include, but are not limited to:
(a) the entity has a present right to payment for the asset;
(b) the customer has legal title to the asset;
(c) the entity has transferred physical possession of the asset;
(d) the customer has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset; or
(e) the customer has accepted the asset.
When (or as) a performance obligation is satisfied, our Company recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction
price that is allocated to that performance obligation.
While deferred payment terms may be agreed in certain circumstances, the deferral never exceeds twelve months. Our
Company applies the practical expedient not to adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a
significant financing component if our Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when our
Company transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will
be one year or less.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.14 Revenue recognition (continued)
Sales of wires and cables
Revenue from sales of wires and cables is recognized at the point in time when control of the asset is transferred to the
customer, generally on delivery of the wires and cables.
Variable consideration
If the consideration in a contract includes a variable amount, our Company estimates the amount of consideration to
which it will be entitled in exchange for transferring the goods to the customer. The variable consideration is estimated
at a contract inception and constrained until it is highly probable that a significant revenue reversal in the amount of
cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the associated uncertainty with the variable consideration is
subsequently resolved.
The amount of consideration can vary because of discounts, rebates, refunds, credits, price concessions, incentives,
performance bonuses, penalties or other similar items. The promised consideration can also vary if a Company’s
entitlement to the consideration is contingent on the occurrence or non-occurrence of a future event.
Our Company estimates an amount of variable consideration by using either of (a) the expected value, or (b) the most
likely amount, depending on which our Company expects to better predict the amount of consideration to which it will
be entitled.
At the end of each reporting period, our Company updates the estimated transaction price (including updating its
assessment of whether an estimate of variable consideration is constrained) to represent faithfully the circumstances
present at the end of the reporting period and the changes in circumstances during the reporting period. Our Company
allocates any subsequent changes in the transaction price to the performance obligations on the same basis as at
contract inception.
SDI
Our Company’s supply, delivery and installation services are closely interrelated in terms of their ultimate purpose or
use and the customer is able to specify the major structural elements of the design. Revenue from SDI is recognized
when our Company satisfies performance obligations which occurs when the control of either goods or services are
transferred to the customer. Transfer of control to a customer can occur either over a period of time or at a single point
in time, and the transfer of controls depends on the scope of service work orders.
Service work order that involves supply of cables, installation and/or labor (e.g. maintenance or repairing service) are
not distinct and are identified to be one performance obligation satisfied over time since the elements of the service
work order are highly interrelated, customized and modified for the customer. Our Company selects an input method
(cost-to-cost) to measure the progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation. Our Company’s estimate
about revenue, costs and progress towards complete satisfaction of a performance obligation may revise when there is a
change in circumstances. Any increase or decrease in revenue or costs due to an estimate revision is reflected in profit
or loss during the period when the management become aware of the changes in circumstances.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.14 Revenue recognition (continued)
Custodial and transportation services under bill and hold arrangement
A bill and hold arrangement is a contract under which an entity bills a customer for a product but the entity retains
physical possession of the product until it is transferred to the customer at a point in time in the future. Our Company
identifies multiple performance obligations for its bill and hold arrangements, including sales of wires and cables,
custodial service and transportation service.
Sales of wires and cables are recognized revenue when the products are placed into warehouse and the customer has
accepted the products because the control of the products has transferred to the customer.
Custodial service revenue and transportation service are recognized over time. The transaction price allocated to these
services is recognized as a contract liability at the time of the initial sales transaction and released on actual basis over
the period of services.
Onerous operating contracts
Onerous contract is a type of contract in which the costs of meeting the obligations under the contract are higher than
the economic benefits received under the contract.
Our Company has contracts to supply products that may become onerous due to changing circumstances. Our Company
establishes the unavoidable costs of meeting the obligations under the contract as an accrued liability for the contractual
responsibilities. For example, when rising copper price renders a contract onerous, the liability is calculated based on
the difference between the lock-in purchase copper price, or the copper price on the London Metal Exchange (the
“LME”) and the prices determined in the contracts, if the difference exceeds the profit of the original contract. The
unavoidable costs exceeding the profit of the contract is recognized in cost of sales or other operating expense based on
the nature of the unavoidable costs.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.15 Foreign currencies
Our Company’s consolidated financial statements are presented in USD, which is also the parent company’s functional
currency. For each entity our Company determines the functional currency and items included in the financial
statements of each entity are measured using that functional currency.
Transactions and balances
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by our Company’s entities at their respective functional
currency spot rates at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rates of
exchange at the reporting date.
Differences arising on settlement or translation of monetary items are recognized in profit or loss with the exception of
monetary items that are designated as part of the hedge of our Company’s net investment of a foreign operation. These
are recognized in other comprehensive income until the net investment is disposed of, at which time, the cumulative
amount is reclassified to profit or loss. Tax charges and credits attributable to exchange differences on those monetary
items are also recorded in other comprehensive income.
Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the
exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency
are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined. The gain or loss arising on
translation of non-monetary items measured at fair value is treated in line with the recognition of gain or loss on change
in fair value of the item (i.e., translation differences on items whose fair value gain or loss is recognized in other
comprehensive income or profit or loss are also recognized in other comprehensive income or profit or loss,
respectively).
Translation to the presentation currency
The results and financial position of an entity whose functional currency are translated into a different presentation
currency using the following procedures:
a.
b.
c.
d.
assets and liabilities for each balance sheet presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that balance
sheet;
income and expenses for each statement presenting profit or loss and other comprehensive income (i.e. including
comparatives) are translated at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions;
all resulting exchange differences shall be recognized in other comprehensive income; and
for equity items, the historical rate is used; therefore, these equity items are not retranslated.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.16 Employee benefits
Our Company has both defined contribution and defined benefit obligation. The liabilities of our Company arising
from defined benefit obligations, and the related current service cost, are determined using the projected unit credit
method.
For defined benefit plans, the cost charged to the income statement consists of current service cost, net interest cost and
past service cost. Remeasurements comprising of actuarial gains and losses are recognized in the period in which they
occur, directly in other comprehensive income. They are included in other comprehensive income in the statement of
changes in equity and in balance sheet. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.
Contributions to defined contribution plans are charged to the income statement as incurred. All past service costs are
recognized at the earlier of when the amendment occurs.
Compensated absence
The cost of accumulating paid absences is recognized when employees render the service that increases their
entitlement to future paid absences.
The cost of accumulating paid absences is measured as the additional amount that the entity expects to pay as a result
of the unused entitlement that has accumulated at the end of the reporting period.
3.17 Earnings per share
Our Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data for its common shares. Basic EPS is
calculated by dividing the net income attributable to shareholders of our Company by the weighted average number of
common shares outstanding during the period, adjusted for own shares held.
In calculating diluted EPS, the number of shares should be that used in calculating the basic EPS, plus the weighted
average number of shares that would be issued on the conversion of all the dilutive potential common shares into
common shares. The earnings figure should be that used for basic EPS adjusted to reflect any post-tax effects from
changes that would arise if the potential shares outstanding in the period were actually issued.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.18 Treasury shares
Own equity instruments that are reacquired (treasury shares) are recognized at cost and deducted from equity. No gain
or loss is recognized in the profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of our Company’s own equity
instruments. Any difference between the carrying amount and the consideration, if reissued, is recognized in additional
paid-in capital. Voting rights related to treasury shares are nullified and no dividends are allocated to them.
3.19
Investments in an associate
Our Company’s investment in its associates are accounted for using the equity method. An associate is an entity in
which our Company has significant influence. Under the equity method, the investment is initially recognized at cost.
The carrying amount of the investment is adjusted to recognize changes in our Company’s share of net assets of the
associate since the acquisition date. Goodwill relating to the associate is included in the carrying amount of the
investment and is neither amortized nor individually tested for impairment.
The income statement reflects our Company’s share of the results of operations of the associate. Any change in other
comprehensive income of those investees is presented as part of our Company’s other comprehensive income. When
there has been a change recognized directly in the equity of the associate, our Company recognizes its share of any
changes, when applicable, in the statement of changes in equity. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from transactions
between our Company and the associate are eliminated to the extent of the interest in the associate.
Our Company’s share of profit or loss of an associate is shown on the face of the income statement and represents
profits or loss after tax and non-controlling interests in the subsidiaries of the associate.
The financial statements of the associate are prepared for the same reporting period as our Company. When necessary,
adjustments are made to bring the accounting policies in line with those of our Company.
After application of the equity method, our Company determines whether it is necessary to recognize an impairment
loss on its investment in its associate. Our Company determines at each reporting date whether there is any objective
evidence that the investment in associates is impaired. If this is the case, our Company calculates the amount of
impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of the associate and its carrying value and recognizes the
amount in share of losses of associates in the income statement.
Upon loss of significant influence over the associate, our Company measures and recognizes any retained investment at
its fair value. Any difference between the carrying amount of the associate upon loss of significant influence and the
fair value of the retaining investment and proceeds from disposal is recognized in profit or loss.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.20 Government grant
Government grants are recognized where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached
conditions will be complied with. When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognized as other income on a
systematic basis over the periods that the related costs, which it is intended to compensate, are expensed. When the
grant relates to an asset, it is recognized as a liability in equal amounts over the expected useful life of the related asset.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the government grant received $271, $973 and $425,
respectively, our Company recognized in the line item of other income, refer to Note 7(e).
3.21 Non-current assets held for sale
Our Company classifies non-current assets and disposal groups as held for sale/distribution to owners if their carrying
amounts will be recovered principally through a sale/distribution rather than through continuing use. Non-current assets
and disposal groups are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. The criteria for
held for sale classification is regarded met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is
available for immediate sale in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be
expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets once classified as held for sale/distribution to owners are not
depreciated or amortized.
When equity method investments are classified as held for sale, the investor discontinues the use of the equity method
from the date that the investment (or the portion of it) is classified as held for sale; instead, the associate or joint
venture is then measured at the lower of its carrying amount and fair value less cost to sell.
3.22 Finance and other income
Interest income
Interest revenue shall be calculated by using the effective interest method. This shall be calculated by applying the
effective interest rate to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset except for:
(a) purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets. For those financial assets, the entity shall apply the credit-
adjusted effective interest rate to the amortized cost of the financial asset from initial recognition.
(b) financial assets that are not purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets but subsequently have become
credit-impaired financial assets. For those financial assets, our Company applies the effective interest rate to the
amortized cost of the financial asset in subsequent reporting periods.
Rental income
Rental income arising from operating leases on investment properties is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the
lease terms and is included in other operating income due to its operating nature.
Dividends
Revenue is recognized when our Company’s right to receive the payment is established, which is generally when
shareholders approve the dividend.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.23 Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions
The preparation of our Company’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgements,
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the
accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and
estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities
affected in future periods.
Judgements
In the process of applying our Company’s accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which
have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements:
Revenue recognition - identifying single performance obligation in SDI projects
SDI projects comprise various activities such as supply cables, installation, jointing services and testing services. Those
tasks are activities to fulfil the cable management service (supply and installation) and not a separate promise within
the context of the contract. Our Company determines the supply cables and installation services are not capable of
being distinct and identifies to be one performance obligation because of (i) the customer could not benefit from the
installed cables on its own, neither using it or to sell it for an amount greater than scrap value; (ii) our Company is
providing a significant integration service, and it would not be able to fulfil its promise to transfer the cables separately
from its promise to the subsequent installation; (iii) the cables and installation are highly interrelated, and the customer
could not benefit from the cables being delivered without subsequent installation.
Estimates and assumptions
The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date, that
have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next
financial year, are described below. Our Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when
the consolidated financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future
developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising beyond the control of our
Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.
Impairment of non-financial assets
At each reporting date or whenever events indicate that the asset’s value has declined or significant changes in the
market with an adverse effect have taken place, our Company assesses whether there is an indication that an asset in the
scope of IAS 36 may be impaired. If any indication exists, our Company completes impairment testing for the CGU to
which the individual assets belong. Where the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the
asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount of an individual
asset or CGU is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. The fair value less costs of disposal
(FVLCD) calculation is based on available data from binding sale arrangements, conducted at arm’s length, for similar
assets or observable market prices less incremental costs for disposal of the assets. The value in use (VIU) is measured
at the net present value of the future cash flows the entity expects to derive from the asset or CGU. Cash flow
projection involves subjective judgments and estimates which include the estimated useful lives of property, plant and
equipment, capacity that generates future cash flows, capacity of physical output, potential fluctuations of economic
cycle in the industry and our Company’s operating situation.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.23 Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions (continued)
Impairment of non-financial assets (continued)
Due to the implications of COVID-19 on global asset prices, availability of capital and risk appetites of market
participants, the price may appear to be “distress sale” requiring adjustment in the fair value estimation. However, other
than in extreme cases, such decreases in value should not be adjusted for a lack of current information or declines in
trading. In addition, the FVLCD may not have the quoted price for the calculation because there may have been a
significant reduction in trading volumes for a particular asset listed on a public market. Due to the difficulties in
determining FVLCD, it is therefore more practical, where possible, to use VIU as recoverable amount.
When determining VIU, it is important that the estimates of future cash flows are realistic. However,, in the current
environment, models of the future will need to incorporate unprecedented shock, as decreases in asset values, decline in
demand for goods and services and supply chain disruptions may be dissimilar to any previously encountered scenario.
This will make forecasting particularly difficult.
In 2020, our Company recognized an impairment loss of $198 at Sigma Cable due to lack of profitability and certain
machinery and equipment would not generate the expected future cash flows. See Note 15 – Property, Plant and
Equipment.
Fair value of financial instruments
Where the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be derived from
active markets, they are determined using valuation techniques including income approach (for example, the
discounted cash flows model) or the market approach. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the
reported fair value of the financial instruments. Please refer to Note 11 for more details.
Measurement of ECL allowance for trade receivables
Our Company applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measure lifetime expected loss allowance for trade
receivables. To measure the expected credit losses, trade receivables have been grouped based on shared credit risk
characteristics and the days past due. The expected loss rates are based on the payment profiles of the sales over a
period of 36 month before December 31, 2021 and the historical credit loss experience within this period. The
historical loss rates are adjusted to reflect current and forward-looking information on general economic conditions
affecting the ability of the customers to settle the receivables. Our Company has identified the default rate of the
countries where it sells the goods and services as the most relevant factor and adjusts the historical loss rates based on
the expected changes accordingly.
In addition, COVID-19 has impacted the ability of certain customers to settle the trade receivables, it may lead to a
significant increase in the loss rate for trade receivables. Therefore, our Company considered how the timing and
amount of cash flows generated by outstanding trade receivables might be affected and increase loss rates as necessary.
Our Company may consider a longer time horizon when payment dates are deferred for a significant period.
Refer to Note 12 and Note 27 for more information regarding the impairment of trade receivables and the related credit
risks.
Net realizable value of inventory
Net realized value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less estimated costs to completion
and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Management makes reference to actual sales prices after reporting
date when making their estimate of net realizable value.
Refer to Note 13 for more information regarding the net realizable value of inventory.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.23 Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions (continued)
Taxes
Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation of complex tax regulations, changes in tax laws, and the amount
and timing of future taxable income. Given the wide range of international business relationships and the long-term
nature and complexity of existing contractual agreements, differences arising between the actual results and the
assumptions made, or future changes to such assumptions, could necessitate future adjustments to tax income and
expense already recorded. Our Company establishes provisions, based on reasonable estimates, for possible
consequences of audits by the tax authorities of the respective countries in which it operates. The amount of such
provisions is based on various factors, such as experience of previous tax audits and differing interpretations of tax
regulations by the taxable entity and the taxing authority. Such differences of interpretation may arise on a wide variety
of issues depending on the conditions prevailing in the respective domicile of the companies.
Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be
available against which the losses can be utilized. Significant management judgement is required to determine the
amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable profits
together with future tax planning strategies.
As of December 31, 2021, our Company has $15,245 (2020: $17,298) of tax losses carried forward. These losses
related to subsidiaries that have a history of losses, do not expire and may not be used to offset taxable income
elsewhere in our Company except for $204 (2020: $54) that will be realized. The subsidiaries do not have any tax
planning opportunities available that could support the recognition of these losses as deferred tax assets. On this basis,
our Company has determined that it cannot recognize deferred tax assets on the tax losses carried forward.
If our Company was able to recognize all unrecognized deferred tax assets, profit and equity would have increased by
$4,858 (2020: $5,617; 2019: $5,068). Further details on taxes are disclosed in Note 8.
Post-employment benefits under defined benefit plans
In accordance with the Thailand labor law, Charoong Thai and its subsidiaries are obliged to make payment to retiring
employees, at rate of 1 to 13 times of their final monthly salary rate, depending on the length of service. In addition,
Charoong Thai also has the extra benefit plan to make payment to qualified retiring employees at rates of 1 to 26 times
of their final monthly salary.
The cost of the defined benefit pension plan and the present value of the pension obligation are determined using
actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual
developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality
rates. Due to the complexity of the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to
changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.
In determining the appropriate discount rate, management considers the inactive corporate bond trading in Thailand,
taken into account the yields on Thai Government Bonds and extrapolated maturity corresponding to the expected
duration of the defined benefit obligation.
The mortality rate is based on most recent mortality investigation on policyholders of life insurance companies in
Thailand. Future salary increases and pension increases are based on expected future inflation rates derived from
external economic data, together with historical experience of Charoong Thai.
Further details about the assumptions used, including a sensitivity analysis, are given in Note 21.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
3.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)
3.23 Significant accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions (continued)
Revenue recognition of SDI projects
Revenue occurs when control transfers to the customer, either over a period of time or at a single point in time,
depending on the scope of each individual contract. When the transfer of control to the customer occurs over a period
of time, revenue of SDI is accounted for using an input method (input costs to total expected input costs) to measure
the progress used to determine the amount of related revenue. When the comparison of total contract revenue to total
expected input cost indicates a loss, a provision for the entire loss on the contract shall be made in the period in which
they become known. Due to the individual nature of the work to be performed on each SDI contract, management’s
estimation of total expected input costs is complex and requires significant judgment.
The carrying amount of our Company’s gross amounts due from customers for contract work-in-progress is disclosed
in Note 14.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
4.
NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
4.1
Recently applied accounting pronouncements
Our Company has applied the following amendments for the first time for its annual reporting period commencing
January 1, 2021:
Interest rate benchmark reform Phase 2 – Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 37, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS16
The amendments had no impact on the consolidated financial statements of our Company. Our Company intends to use
the practical expedients in future periods if they become applicable.
4.2
New accounting pronouncements not effective
The standards and interpretations that are issued, but not yet effective, up to the date of issuance of our Company’s
financial statements are disclosed below. Our Company intends to adopt these standards, if applicable, when they
become effective.
Sales or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture-Amendments to IFRS 10 and
IAS 28
In September 2014, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS 10, Consolidated Financial Statements and IAS 28,
Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, entitled Sales or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its
Associate or Joint Ventures. These narrow scope amendments clarify, that a full gain or loss is recognized when a
transaction involves a business (whether it is housed in a subsidiary or not), and a partial gain or loss is recognized
when a transaction involves assets that do not constitute a business. On December 17, 2015, the IASB issued an
amendment that postpones the application of the amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 indefinitely.
Our Company does not expect the amendments to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Classification of liabilities as current or non-current: Amendments to IAS 1
On January 23, 2020, the IASB issued a narrow-scope amendment to IAS 1 to clarify that liabilities are classified as
either current or non-current, depending on the rights that exist at the end of the reporting period.
They:
► clarify that the classification of liabilities as current or non-current should be based on rights that are in existence
at the end of the reporting date and align the wording in all affected paragraphs to refer to the "right" to defer
settlement by at least twelve months and make explicit that only rights in place "at the end of the reporting
period" should affect the classification of a liability;
► clarify that classification is unaffected by expectations about whether an entity will exercise its right to defer
settlement of a liability; and make clear that settlement refers to the transfer to the counterparty of cash, equity
instruments, other assets or services.
The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023 and are to be applied
retrospectively. Earlier application is permitted.
The amendment could affect the classification of liabilities, particularly for previously considered management’s
intention to determine classification and for some liabilities that can be converted into equity. Our Company is based
on the contractual arrangement in place at the reporting date for the classification, thus, our Company does not expect
the amendment to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
4.
NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (continued)
4.2
New accounting pronouncements not effective (continued)
Reference to the conceptual framework: Amendments to IFRS 3
On May 14, 2020, the IASB issued amendments to IFRS 3, Business Combinations – Reference to the Conceptual
Framework. The amendments are intended to update IFRS 3 refers to the Conceptual Framework issued in March 2018
instead of the 1989 Framework, and add an exception for the recognition of liabilities and contingent liabilities within
the scope of IAS 37 Provision, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets and Interpretation 21 Levies. The
amendments also confirm that contingent assets should not be recognized at the acquisition date. The amendments are
effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022 and are to be applied retrospectively.
Earlier application is permitted if an entity also applies all other updated references (published together with the
updated Conceptual Framework) at the same time or earlier.
Our Company does not expect the amendments to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Property, plant and equipment: proceeds before intended use – Amendments to IAS 16
On May 14, 2020, the IASB issued Property, Plant and Equipment: Proceeds before Intended Use, which prohibits
entities deducting from the cost of an item of property, plant and equipment, any proceeds from selling items produced
while bringing that asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended
by management. Instead, an entity recognizes the proceeds from selling such items, and the costs of producing those
items, in profit or loss.
The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022 and are to be applied
retrospectively. Earlier application is permitted. An entity applies the amendments retrospectively only to items of
property, plant and equipment that are brought to the location and condition necessary for them to be capable of
operating in the manner intended by management on or after the beginning of the earliest period presented in the
financial statements in which the entity first applies the amendments.
Our Company does not expect the amendments to have an impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Onerous contracts – Amendments to IAS 37
On May 14, 2020, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 37 to specify which costs an entity needs to include when
assessing whether a contract is onerous or loss-making. The amendments apply a “directly related cost approach”. The
costs that related directly to a contract to provide goods or services include both incremental costs and allocation of
costs directly related to contract activities. General and administrative costs do not relate directly to a contract and
excluded unless they are explicitly chargeable to the counterparty under the contract. The amendments apply to
contracts for which the entity has not yet fulfilled all its obligations at the beginning of the annual reporting period in
which the entity first applies the amendments. Comparatives are not restated. The amendments are effective for annual
reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022. Early application is permitted.
Our Company will apply these amendments to contacts for which our Company has not yet fulfilled all its obligations
at the beginning of the annual reporting period in which it first applies the amendments.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
4.
NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (continued)
4.2
New accounting pronouncements not effective (continued)
Definition of accounting estimate – Amendments to IAS 8
On February 12, 2021, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 8, in which it introduces a new definition of accounting
estimate: clarify that they are monetary amounts in financial statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty.
The amendments also clarify the distinction between changes in accounting estimates and changes in accounting
policies and the correction of errors. Also, they clarify how entities use measurement techniques and inputs to develop
accounting estimates. Distinguishing between accounting policies and accounting estimates is important because
changes in accounting policies are generally applied retrospectively to past transactions and other past events as well as
the current periods, while changes in accounting estimates are applied prospectively to future transactions and other
future events. The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023 and
apply to changes in accounting policies and changes in accounting estimates that occur on or after the start that period.
Earlier application is permitted as long as this fact is disclosed.
Our Company does not expect the amendments to have an impact to its consolidated financial statements.
Disclosure of accounting policies – Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2
On February 15, 2021, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2 Making Materiality
Judgements, in which it provides guidance and example to help entities apply materiality judgements to accounting
policy disclosure. The amendments to help entities provide accounting policy disclosures that are more useful by
replacing the requirement for entities to disclose their “significant” accounting policies with a requirement to disclose
their “material” accounting policies and adding guidance on how entities apply the concept of materiality in making
decisions about accounting policy disclosures. The amendments to IAS 1 are applicable for annual reporting periods
beginning on or after January 1, 2023 with earlier application permitted. Since the amendment to the Practice
Statement 2 provide non-mandatory guidance on the application of the definition of material to accounting policy
information, an effective date for these amendments is not necessary.
Our Company is currently assessing the impact of the amendments by re-visiting its accounting policy disclosures to
ensure consistency with the amended standard.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
4.
NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS (continued)
4.2
New accounting pronouncements not effective (continued)
Deferred tax related to assets and liabilities arising from a single transaction – Amendments to IAS 12
On May 7, 2021, the IASB issued the amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes require companies to recognize deferred
tax on transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal amounts of taxable and deductible temporary
differences. They will typically apply to transactions such as leases of lessees and decommissioning obligations and
will require the recognition of additional deferred tax assets and liabilities.
The amendments should be applied to transactions that occur on or after the beginning of the earliest comparative
period presented. In addition, entities should recognize deferred tax assets (to the extent that it is probable that they can
be utilized) and deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the earliest comparative period for all deductible and taxable
temporary differences associated with right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, and decommissioning obligations and
corresponding amounts recognized as part of the cost of the related assets. The cumulative effect of recognizing these
adjustments is recognized in retained earnings, or other component of equity, as appropriate. The amendments are
effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 2023. Early application of the amendments is
permitted.
Our Company have already accounted for such transactions consistent with the new requirements. Our Company will
not be affected by the amendments.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
5.
SEGMENT INFORMATION
5(a)
Basis of segments
Each segment engages in business activities which generate revenues and incur expenses. Based upon the information
provided to our Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to make decisions on resource allocation and operating
performance evaluation, our Company has determined that it has three reportable segments.
Our Company organizes its business segments along reporting lines and has three operating segments, consisting of the North
Asia region, the Thailand region and the Rest of the World (“ROW”) region. Our Company considers the economic
characteristics similarity in determining the reportable segments.
As the three operating segments exceed the quantitative thresholds, they are also reportable segments. The accounting policies
for segment information, including transactions entered between segments are generally the same as those described in the
summary of significant accounting policies.
Inter-segment revenues are eliminated upon consolidation and reflected in the “adjustments and eliminations” column. All
other adjustments and eliminations are part of detailed reconciliations presented further below.
5(b)
Information about reportable segments
Year ended
December 31, 2021
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
ROW
US$’000
Corporate
expense
adjustments
and
Total
segments
eliminations Consolidated
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
Revenues
External customers
Inter-segment
Segment operating profit/(loss)
Depreciation and
amortization(Included depreciation
from right of use assets)
Depreciation from right of use assets
Impairment of property, plant and
equipment
Interest income
Interest expense
Income tax (expense)/benefit
Other disclosures
Capital expenditure
107,032
—
4,523
197,779
7
(13,537)
171,848
—
6,690
476,659
7
(2,324)
—
(7)
(3,009)
476,659
—
(5,333)
(1,074)
(2,752)
(1,566)
(5,392)
(102)
(5,494)
(36)
—
43
(285)
(2,104)
—
(7)
76
(380)
4,223
(554)
—
3
(340)
(1,539)
(590)
(7)
122
(1,005)
580
(71)
—
1
(92)
765
(661)
(7)
123
(1,097)
1,345
11
5,585
2,018
7,614
937
8,551
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
5.
SEGMENT INFORMATION (continued)
5(b)
Information about reportable segments (continued)
Year ended
December 31, 2020
Revenues
External customers
Inter-segment
Segment operating profit/(loss)
Depreciation and
amortization(Included depreciation
from right of use assets)
Depreciation from right of use assets
Impairment of property, plant and
equipment
Interest income
Interest expense
Income tax (expense)/benefit
Other disclosures
Capital expenditure
Year ended
December 31, 2019
Revenues
External customers
Inter-segment
Segment operating profit/(loss)
Depreciation and
amortization(Included depreciation
from right of use assets)
Depreciation from right of use assets
Impairment of property, plant and
equipment
Interest income
Interest expense
Income tax (expense)/benefit
Other disclosures
Capital expenditure
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
ROW
US$’000
Corporate
expense
adjustments
and
Total
segments
eliminations Consolidated
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
73,199
—
3,087
(796)
143,647
—
11,250
(2,773)
96,718
—
(4,492)
(1,715)
313,564
—
9,845
(5,284)
—
—
(2,973)
(118)
313,564
—
6,872
(5,402)
(46)
—
94
(178)
(791)
—
(4)
192
(105)
(2,344)
(504)
(198)
33
(257)
(714)
(550)
(202)
319
(540)
(3,849)
(71)
—
1
(75)
(167)
(621)
(202)
320
(615)
(4,016)
3,763
10,674
167
14,604
—
14,604
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
ROW
US$’000
Corporate
expense
adjustments
and
Total
segments
eliminations Consolidated
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
76,575
—
1,237
(811)
172,379
6
3,042
(2,842)
89,206
—
(1,659)
(1,613)
338,160
6
2,620
(5,266)
—
(6)
(2,884)
(58)
338,160
—
(264)
(5,324)
(44)
(549)
57
(239)
(561)
—
3
403
(481)
(1,235)
(441)
—
45
(102)
105
(485)
(546)
505
(822)
(1,691)
(22)
—
1
(23)
(366)
(507)
(546)
506
(845)
(2,057)
552
4,590
242
5,384
78
5,462
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
5.
SEGMENT INFORMATION (continued)
Adjustments and eliminations
Corporate expenses, gain on disposal of investment, and share of gain (loss) of associates are not allocated to individual
segments as the underlying instruments are managed on a group basis.
5(c)
Reconciliation of segment operating profit (loss)
Segment operating profit
Corporate expenses and others
Other operating income
Other operating expenses
Operating profit
Finance costs
Finance income
Share of loss of associates
Exchange (loss)/gain
Other income
Other expense
(Loss)/profit before tax
5(d)
Segment assets and liabilities
2021
US$’000
For the year ended December 31,
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
(2,324)
(3,009)
(5,333)
587
(227)
(4,973)
(1,251)
123
(1)
(4,425)
671
(1)
(9,857)
9,845
(2,973)
6,872
814
(129)
7,557
(744)
320
(1)
(579)
1,173
(1)
7,725
2,620
(2,884)
(264)
385
(770)
(649)
(1,012)
506
(3)
1,550
717
(3)
1,106
North
Asia
eliminations Consolidated
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
Thailand
ROW
Corporate
adjustments
and
Total
segments
As of December 31, 2021
Total assets
Total liabilities
As of December 31, 2020
Total assets
Total liabilities
Reconciliation of assets:
Segment operating assets
Corporate and other assets
Investment in associates
Deferred tax assets
Total assets
56,629
186,405
136,145 379,179
10,249
389,428
15,166
76,610
80,731 172,507
7,604
180,111
52,436
173,967
100,823 327,226
10,893
338,119
12,647
29,911
47,132
89,690
13,554
103,244
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
379,179
2,173
835
7,241
389,428
327,226
6,074
930
3,889
338,119
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
5.
SEGMENT INFORMATION (continued)
5(d)
Segment assets and liabilities (continued)
Reconciliation of liabilities:
Segment operating liabilities
Corporate liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities
Total liabilities
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
172,507
3,499
4,105
180,111
89,690
9,146
4,408
103,244
5(e)
Disaggregated revenues and geographical information
(i)Revenue from external customers is summarized as the following major categories:
Year ended
December 31, 2021
Revenue from external
customers
Power
Enamel
SDI
Others*
Timing of revenue recognition
At a point in time
Over time
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
Corporate
expense
adjustments
and
Total
segments
ROW
eliminations Consolidated
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
—
107,027
—
5
107,032
107,032
—
107,032
63,629
105,749
—
28,401
197,779
127,891
—
39,476
4,481
171,848
191,520
212,776
39,476
32,887
476,659
197,544
235
197,779
146,991
24,857
171,848
451,567
25,092
476,659
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
191,520
212,776
39,476
32,887
476,659
451,567
25,092
476,659
* include revenues from fabrication service contracts, and sale of other wires and cables products.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
5.
SEGMENT INFORMATION (continued)
5(e) Disaggregated revenues and geographical information (continued)
(i)Revenue from external customers is summarized as the following major categories (continued):
Year ended
December 31, 2020
Revenue from external customers
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
ROW
US$’000
Corporate
expense
adjustments
and
Total
segments
eliminations Consolidated
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
Power
Enamel
Fabrication
Others*
Timing of revenue recognition
At a point in time
Over time
—
73,179
—
20
73,199
73,199
—
73,199
48,851
57,971
33,101
3,724
143,647
143,463
184
143,647
78,779
—
—
17,939
96,718
86,050
10,668
96,718
127,630
131,150
33,101
21,683
313,564
302,712
10,852
313,564
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
127,630
131,150
33,101
21,683
313,564
302,712
10,852
313,564
* include revenues from SDI service contracts (which amounted to US$15.6 million in 2020), and sale of other wires and cables products.
Year ended
December 31, 2019
Revenue from external customers
North
Asia
US$’000
Thailand
US$’000
ROW
US$’000
Corporate
expense
adjustments
and
Total
segments
eliminations Consolidated
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
Power
Enamel
Others*
Timing of revenue recognition
At a point in time
Over time
—
76,575
—
76,575
76,575
—
76,575
49,493
102,997
19,889
172,379
172,031
348
172,379
78,686
—
10,520
89,206
82,584
6,622
89,206
128,179
179,572
30,409
338,160
331,190
6,970
338,160
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
128,179
179,572
30,409
338,160
331,190
6,970
338,160
* include revenues from SDI service contracts (which amounted to US$7.6 million in 2019), fabrication service contracts, and sale of other wires
and cables products.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
5.
SEGMENT INFORMATION (continued)
5(e) Disaggregated revenues and geographical information (continued)
(ii)Revenue from external customers is attributed to individual countries based on the customer’s country of domicile and is
summarized as follows:
For the year ended December 31,
2020
US$’000
2021
US$’000
2019
US$’000
Revenues from external customers
Thailand
Singapore
Australia
China
India
Southeast Asia
Northeast Asia
168,773
95,116
67,652
118,219
1,248
25,643
8
476,659
128,868
44,477
45,161
77,411
2,860
14,774
13
313,564
116,160
46,218
34,447
81,813
36,121
23,390
11
338,160
Countries in the Southeast Asia region include Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, Brunei, Laos, Malaysia and Myanmar;
countries in the Northeast Asia region include Japan and South Korea.
(iii)Major customer information
Revenue from one customer in the ROW region amounted to $56,579 in 2021 represented 11.87% of 2021 consolidated
revenue. Revenue from one customer in the Thailand region amounted to $33,494 in 2020 and $23,118 in 2019 represented
10.68% and 6.84% of 2020 and 2019 consolidated revenue, respectively.
5(f) Non-current assets information
The total non-current assets other than financial instruments and deferred tax assets broken down by the country of domicile
are summarized as follow:
Non-current assets by country:
Thailand
Singapore
China
Australia
Other
Total non-current assets
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
40,423
5,601
10,725
7,815
71
64,635
41,232
6,620
9,354
8,006
173
65,385
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
6.
MATERIAL PARTLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARIES
6(a)
Material subsidiaries
Our Company has subsidiaries with material non-controlling interests (“NCI”). Information regarding the subsidiaries is as
follows:
Proportion of equity interest held by NCI:
Name
Charoong Thai and its subsidiaries (“CTW Consolidated”)
SYE
Country of
incorporation
and operation
Thailand
China
2021
As of December 31,
2020
49.07%
31.25%
49.07%
31.25%
From our Company perspective, SYE is considered an entity with material non-controlling interests and should be separated
from CTW Consolidated.
SYE ceased production at the end of October of 2019 and has been restructured as a trading company in Shanghai that
supplies mainly transformer, motor and coil manufacturers in the eastern part of China.
6(b)
Summarized financial information about the subsidiaries
The summarized financial information of the subsidiaries is provided below. This information is based on amounts before
inter-company eliminations:
Summarized statements of comprehensive income
CTW consolidated
For the year ended December 31,
Revenue
(Loss)/profit before tax
Income tax expense
(Loss)/profit for the year
Other comprehensive (loss)/income
Total comprehensive (loss)/income
(Loss)/profit attributable to non-controlling interests
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests
Summarized statements of comprehensive income
Revenue
Loss before tax
Income tax expense
Loss for the year
Other comprehensive income/(loss)
Total comprehensive loss
Loss attributable to non-controlling interests
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests
F-48
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
197,786
(16,038)
4,223
(11,815)
(12,699)
(24,514)
(5,815)
2,815
143,647
11,793
(2,344)
9,449
(1,406)
8,043
4,631
1,228
172,385
4,352
(1,235)
3,117
9,194
12,311
1,378
2,763
SYE
For the year ended December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
530
(497)
—
(497)
17
(480)
(155)
—
6,291
(1,161)
—
(1,161)
84
(1,077)
(363)
—
20,743
(2,272)
—
(2,272)
(46)
(2,318)
(710)
—
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
6.
MATERIAL PARTLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARIES (continued)
6(b)
Summarized financial information about the subsidiaries (continued)
Summarized balance sheets
Current assets
Non-current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Total equity
Equity attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent
Non-controlling interests
Summarized cash flow information
Operating
Investing
Financing
Effect of changes in exchange rate on cash
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
Summarized cash flow information
Operating
Investing
Financing
Effect of changes in exchange rate on cash
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
F-49
CTW consolidated
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000 US$’000
141,282
59,547
(68,142)
(8,477)
124,210
128,534
56,596
(18,815)
(11,097)
155,218
SYE
As of December 31,
2020
2021
US$’000
3,336
1,406
(3,635)
—
1,107
565
1,266
(1,204)
—
627
63,260
60,950
78,961
76,257
431
196
761
346
CTW consolidated
For the year ended December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
(37,392)
(2,496)
42,981
(3,333)
(240)
19,713
(10,952)
(5,118)
(87)
3,556
10,776
2,319
(20,260)
2,376
(4,789)
SYE
For the year ended December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
318
65
(1,226)
16
(827)
(1,844)
278
(769)
98
(2,237)
5,135
(165)
(1,847)
(28)
3,095
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
7.
INCOME AND EXPENSES ITEMS
7(a)
Other operating income
Gain on disposal of property, plant, and equipment
Rental income
Reversal of allowance for other receivable
Reversal of allowance for trade receivables for related parties
Reversal of allowance for trade receivable
Other operating income – others
Total other operating income
7(b)
Other operating expenses
Allowance for trade receivables
Allowance for trade receivables for related parties
Impairment of property, plant, and equipment
Allowance for foreseeable loss
Allowance for other receivable
Other operating expenses – others
Total other operating expenses
7(c)
Finance costs
Interest on debts and borrowings
Interest on leases liabilities
Total interest expenses
Banking charges
Total finance costs
7(d)
Finance income
Interest income
Total finance income
F-50
2021
US$’000
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
318
179
—
—
—
90
587
239
199
80
11
—
285
814
88
89
—
—
122
86
385
2021
US$’000
205
15
7
—
—
—
227
2020
US$’000
124
—
4
—
—
1
129
2019
US$’000
—
—
546
193
30
1
770
2021
US$’000
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
1,027
70
1,097
154
1,251
536
79
615
129
744
754
91
845
167
1,012
2021
US$’000
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
123
123
320
320
506
506
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
7.
INCOME AND EXPENSES ITEMS (continued)
7(e)
Other income
2021
US$’000
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
Government grants
Net gain on financial instruments
Dividend income
Other income
Total other income
The government grants for year 2020 due to the COVID-19 epidemic is US $882K.
271
259
106
35
671
973
3
108
89
1,173
425
146
109
37
717
7(f)
Other expenses
Others
Total other expenses
2021
US$’000
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
1
1
1
1
3
3
7(g)
Depreciation, amortization and lease expense included in the consolidated income statements
Included in cost of sales:
Depreciation – tangible assets
Depreciation – right of use assets
Amortization – intangible assets
Lease expenses
Included in selling expenses:
Depreciation – tangible assets
Depreciation – right of use assets
Amortization – intangible assets
Lease expenses
Included in general and administrative expenses:
Depreciation – tangible assets
Depreciation – right of use assets
Amortization – intangible assets
Depreciation – investment property
Lease expenses
F-51
2021
US$’000
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
3,863
127
21
1
108
144
—
1
619
390
26
196
4
5,500
3,893
121
19
2
92
113
1
1
590
387
42
144
14
5,419
4,089
135
10
3
93
112
1
1
552
260
39
33
170
5,498
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
7.
INCOME AND EXPENSES ITEMS (continued)
7(h)
Employee benefits expenses
Included in cost of sales:
Wages and salaries
Labor and health insurance costs
Pension costs
Other employment benefits
Included in selling expenses:
Wages and salaries
Labor and health insurance costs
Pension costs
Other employment benefits
Included in general and administrative expenses:
2021
US$’000
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
14,088
77
828
843
4,191
8
360
36
13,065
71
736
702
3,557
7
300
14
14,429
126
994
816
3,495
12
330
50
Wages and salaries
Labor and health insurance costs
Pension costs
Director fees
Other employment benefits
Total employee benefits expenses
The accrued compensation and retirement benefits for expatriates were included in employee benefits expenses and in
accruals.
8,861
89
640
1,065
186
29,293
8,435
104
661
587
222
30,440
8,117
85
757
640
286
30,137
F-52
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8.
INCOME TAX
Under current Bermuda law, APWC is not subject to tax on income or capital gains, nor is withholding tax of Bermuda
imposed upon payments of dividends by APWC to its shareholders.
APWC’s investments in the Operating Subsidiaries are held through subsidiaries incorporated in the British Virgin Islands
(“BVI”). Under current BVI law, dividends from the BVI subsidiaries’ investments are not subject to income taxes and no
withholding tax is imposed on payments of dividends by the BVI subsidiaries to APWC.
The Operating Subsidiaries and equity investees are governed by the income tax laws of Singapore, Thailand, Australia and
the PRC. The corporate income tax rate in Singapore was 17% for each of the three years ended December 31, 2021, and
there is no withholding tax on dividends applicable to our Company. For Thailand, the statutory corporate income tax rate
was 20% for each of the three years ended December 31, 2021 and a withholding tax of 10% is levied on dividends received
by our Company. Charoong Thai is listed on Stock Exchange of Thailand (“SET”). In Australia, the corporate income tax rate
was 30% for 2018/2019, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 tax years. The applicable corporate income tax rate for the subsidiaries in
the PRC was 25% for each of the three years ended December 31, 2021.
Dividends received from the Operating Subsidiaries and equity investees may be subjected to withholding taxes. Under the
current Singapore corporate tax system, dividends paid by a Singapore resident company is tax exempt, and is not subject to
withholding taxes. In Australia, dividends paid to non-residents are exempt from dividend withholding taxes except when
dividends are paid out of profit that is not taxed by Australian income tax (i.e. unfranked dividends). For Thailand, dividends
paid by a company to any individual or corporate payee overseas are subject to a withholding tax of 10%. Under the Corporate
Income Tax Law of the PRC, dividend distribution of profits to foreign investor(s) is subject to withholding tax of 10%.
F-53
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8.
INCOME TAX (continued)
The major components of income tax (benefits) expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 are:
Consolidated income statements
Current income tax:
Current income tax charge
Previously unrecognized tax loss used to reduce current income
tax
Adjustments for current income tax of prior years
Total current income tax
Deferred tax (benefits)/expenses:
Relating to origination and reversal of temporary differences
Previously unrecognized tax loss used to reduce deferred tax
expenses
Total deferred tax (benefits)/expenses
Income tax (benefit) expense reported in the income
statement
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income
Deferred tax related to items recognized in other comprehensive
income during the year:
Change in the fair value of equity instrument measured at fair
value through other comprehensive income
Recognized during the year
Effect of change in tax rate
Net income (loss) on actuarial gains and losses
Recognized during the year
Effect of change in tax rate
Income tax expense (benefit) charged to other comprehensive
(loss) income
F-54
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
3,078
3,376
1,699
(96)
—
2,982
(4,327)
—
(4,327)
(89)
(1)
3,286
782
(52)
730
—
(16)
1,683
374
—
374
(1,345)
4,016
2,057
147
—
112
—
259
(358)
—
40
—
334
—
(345)
—
(318)
(11)
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8.
INCOME TAX (continued)
APWC is incorporated in Bermuda, which does not have a statutory tax rate. The provision for income taxes differs based on
the tax incurred by the Operating Subsidiaries, in their respective jurisdiction. Our Company determines its statutory tax rate
based on its major commercial domicile that is its subsidiaries in Thailand. The reconciliation of difference between tax
computed at the statutory tax rate and income tax (benefits) expenses reported in the consolidated income statement is as
follows:
(Loss)/profit before tax
Tax at statutory rate of 20% (2020: 20%; 2019: 20%)
Foreign income taxed at different rate
Expenses not deductible for tax purpose
Utilization of previously unrecognized tax losses
Tax benefit arising from previously unrecognized tax losses
Net deferred tax asset not recognized
Written-off deferred tax
Tax exempt on income
Uncertain tax position
Return to provision adjustment
Deferred tax liability arising from undistributed earnings
Withholding tax on dividends
Others
Income tax (benefit) expense reported in consolidated income
statement
F-55
2021
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
US$’000
(9,857)
(1,971)
1,465
94
(96)
—
327
—
(99)
(1,173)
—
(309)
452
(35)
7,725
1,545
1,100
255
(89)
(52)
1,151
—
(57)
(273)
(1)
270
163
4
1,106
221
499
221
—
—
949
218
(144)
(454)
(16)
215
355
(7)
(1,345)
4,016
2,057
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8.
INCOME TAX (continued)
Deferred tax
Deferred tax relates to the following:
Consolidated balance
sheet
Outside basis differences
Revaluations of financial assets at fair value through
other comprehensive income
Accrued interest income
Unutilized building allowance (net)
Unused tax losses
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Inventory impairment
Rebates and other accrued liabilities
Unpaid retirement benefits
Deferred revenue and cost of sales
Actuarial loss
Unabsorbed depreciation
Mark-to-Market value of forward contract
Provision for loss on onerous sale contract
Leases
Others
Deferred tax (benefits)/expenses
Consolidated income statement
For the year ended Decembers 31,
As of December 31,
2020
2021
2021
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
215
(4,099)
(3,790)
(309)
270
2020
2019
(469)
—
(21)
204
167
3,170
617
1,327
30
644
731
—
860
48
(382)
(322)
—
(12)
54
281
412
482
1,504
18
756
680
—
—
51
(324)
—
—
9
(162)
105
(2,914)
(170)
26
(15)
—
(67)
—
(897)
3
64
(4,327)
—
(172)
(24)
481
(21)
137
(17)
41
5
—
9
—
—
(1)
22
730
—
13
(98)
119
47
147
(23)
(81)
(6)
—
57
28
—
(23)
(21)
374
Net deferred tax assets
3,136
(519)
Reconciliation of deferred tax assets, net
2021
2020
2019
Opening balance as of January 1
Tax benefit/(expense) during the period recognized in profit or loss
Tax (expense)/benefit during the period recognized in other
comprehensive income
Exchange difference on translation foreign operations
Closing balance as of December 31
US$’000 US$’000
(519)
4,327
(259)
(200)
(730)
318
US$’000
(413)
3,136
93
(519)
(6)
(374)
11
169
(200)
Our Company offset tax assets and liabilities if and only if it has legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets and
current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities related to income taxes levied by the same tax
authority.
F-56
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8.
INCOME TAX (continued)
Our Company has available unused net operating losses which arose in Thailand, China, Hong Kong and Singapore as of
December 31, 2021 and 2020, that may be applied against future taxable income and that expire as follows respectively:
Year of expiration
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
No expiration
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
—
2,090
4,353
3,156
1,912
3,184
550
15,245
3,905
2,437
4,299
3,226
1,811
—
1,620
17,298
Deferred tax assets have not been recognized in respect of these losses as they may not be used to offset taxable profits
elsewhere in our Company, as they have arisen in subsidiaries that have been loss-making for some time, and there are no
other tax planning opportunities or other evidence of recoverability in the near future. Our Company did not recognize
deferred tax assets of $3,183 (2020: $3,751; 2019: $4,038) in respect of tax losses amounting to $14,228 (2020: $17,028;
2019: $18,422 ).
In addition, our Company did not recognize deferred assets of $1,675 (2020: $1,866 ; 2019: $1,030) in relation to deductible
temporary differences amounting to $8,931 (2020: $9,683; 2019: $4,695).
There are no income tax consequences attached to the payment of dividends in 2021 or 2020 by APWC to its shareholders.
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, our Company is subject to taxation in PRC, Australia, Thailand, and Singapore. Our
Company’s tax years from 2011 and forward are still subject to examination by the tax authorities in various tax jurisdictions.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of uncertain tax position is as follows:
Change in Uncertain Tax Positions
2021
2020
2019
Balance as of January 1
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year
Decrease due to lapses in statute of limitations
Exchange difference
Balance as of December 31
US$’000
US$’000 US$’000
339
—
(312)
1
28
451
—
(144)
32
339
674
—
(215)
(8)
451
Our Company is not expecting there would be any reasonably possible change in the total amounts of uncertain tax position
within twelve months of the reporting date. As of December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 the amount of uncertain tax position
(excluding interest and penalties) included in the consolidated balance sheets that would, if recognized, affect the income tax
expenses is $28, $339 and $451, respectively.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
8.
INCOME TAX (continued)
Our Company recognized interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as a component of income tax expense.
The amount of related interest and penalties our Company has provided as of the dates listed below were:
As of December 31,
2020
2019
2021
Accrued interest on uncertain tax position
Accrued penalties on uncertain tax position
Total accrued interest and penalties on uncertain tax position
US$’000 US$’000
46
28
74
597
339
936
US$’000
713
384
1,097
For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, our Company recognized $5, $61 and $81 in interest and $nil, $nil
and $nil in penalty, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, our Company reversed $568, $227
and $223 in interest and $318, $72 and $71 in penalties, respectively, due to lapses in statute of limitations. For the years
ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the exchange difference $12, $50 and $ (12) relating to interests, $7, $27 and $(6)
relating to penalty were included in income tax expenses.
Our Company considers each uncertain tax positions individually, by first consider whether each position taken in the tax
return is probable of being sustained on examination by the taxing authority. It should recognize a liability for each item that is
not probable of being sustained. The liability then is measured using a single best estimate of the most likely outcome. The
uncertain tax positions presented in the current tax liability is the total liability for uncertain tax positions.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
9. (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE
(Loss) earnings per share are calculated by dividing net (loss) profit attributable to equity holders of the parent by the
weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. APWC does not have any dilutive securities. The treasury
shares transaction resulted in an immediate reduction in outstanding shares used to calculate the weighted-average common
shares outstanding for both basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings attributable to common shareholders per share:
For the year ended December 31,
2020
2019
US$’000
US$’000
2021
US$’000
Numerator:
Net (loss) profit attributable to APWC from continuing operations
Net (loss) profit attributable to APWC
(except for number of shares and earnings per share)
(2,642)
(2,642)
(552)
(552)
(1,632)
(1,632)
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares
outstanding – basic and diluted
(Loss) earnings per share – basic and diluted
Continuing operations
Total (loss) earnings per share – basic and diluted
13,819,669
13,819,669
13,819,669
(0.19)
(0.19)
(0.04)
(0.04)
(0.12)
(0.12)
Income from continuing operations attributable to non-controlling interests are $(5,870), $4,261 and $681 for the years ended
December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
10.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash on hand and cash at banks
Bank overdrafts
Balances per statement of cash flows
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
44,507
(1,995)
42,512
52,237
—
52,237
Term deposits are presented as cash equivalents if they have a maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition.
Other short-term deposits are presented as other receivables if they are pledged, or if they have a maturity over three months
from the date of acquisition.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
11.
FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
11(a)
Other financial assets and liabilities
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Equity instrument (Note 11(d))
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Foreign exchange forward contracts (Note 11(c))
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2,929
2,929
249
249
2,271
2,271
—
—
(i)
Financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss reflect the changes in fair value of those foreign exchange
forward contracts that are not designated in hedge relationships, but are intended to reduce the level of foreign currency risk
for expected sales and purchase transactions.
(ii)
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income - unquoted equity instrument
On January 1, 2018, the date of initial application of IFRS 9, our Company elected to reclassify its unquoted equity
instrument in Thai Metal Processing Co., Ltd (“TMP”), which is engaged in the fabrication of copper rods, from financial
assets – available-for-sale to financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income due to the investment being
hold as a long-term strategic investment and not expected to be sold in the short to medium term. During the years ended
December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, our Company received dividends of $106, $108, and $109 from TMP, respectively,
which were recorded in other income (Note 7(e)) in the consolidated income statements.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
11.
FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (continued)
11(b)
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Under the line of credit arrangements for short-term debt with our Company’s banks, our Company may borrow up to
approximately $270,094 and $264,162 as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, on such terms as our Company and
the banks may mutually agree upon. These arrangements do not have termination dates but are reviewed annually for
renewal. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the unused portion of the credit lines was approximately $153,250 and
$200,340, respectively, which included unused letters of credit amounting to $66,820 and $95,034, respectively.
Letters of credit are issued by our Company in the ordinary course of business through major financial institutions as
required by certain vendor contracts. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, our Company had open letters of credit amounting
to $50,633 and $18,077, respectively. Liabilities relating to the opened letters of credit are included in current liabilities.
Interest bearing loans and borrowings are including current portion $62,083 and $10,131 as of December 31, 2021 and 2020,
respectively.
As of December 31,
2021
2020
Interest
rate
%
Maturity Local currency
Interest rate Maturity
‘000
US$’000
%
Local
currency
‘000
US$’000
3.07
Mar. 2044
AUD$7,458
5,410
3.07 Mar. 2045 AUD$4,883
3,764
3.85~4.53 Jul . 2022 RMB$41,751
0.7~3.3 Jun. 2022 THB$1,648,835
6,552 4.50 ~ 4.90 Jun. 2021RMB$17,800
0.9 ~ 1.0 Mar. 2021 THB$74,176
49,729
2,736
2,488
1.98
Dec. 2022
SGD$5,000
3,696
2.32
Apr. 2021 SGD$6,332
4,793
65,387
13,781
Interest-bearing loans and
borrowings
Bank loans (including bank
overdrafts US$1,995 in 2021)
Bank loans
Trust receipt
Bank loan (Trust receipt in
2020)
Total
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
11. FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (continued)
11(c)
Hedging activities and derivatives
(i)
Commodity price risk
Our Company purchases copper on an ongoing basis as its operating activities require a continuous supply of copper for
manufacturing products. To reduce the exposures to copper shortage, our Company enters into purchase contracts with
commitment of monthly minimum purchase at market prices for selected operating units. The majority of these transactions take
the form of contracts that are entered into and continue to be held for the purpose of receipt or delivery of the copper based on
our Company’s expected purchase, sale or usage requirements. Such purchase commitment contracts are not deemed financial
instruments or derivatives. To date, these contract positions have not had a material effect on our Company’s financial position,
results of operations, and cash flow.
(ii) Foreign currency risk
Our Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts with the intention to reduce the foreign exchange risk of expected
sales and purchase transactions. These contracts are entered into the periods consistent with foreign currency exposure of the
underlying transaction, generally from one to 12 months. These contracts are not designated in hedge relationships, and are
measured at fair value through profit or loss.
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, our Company had outstanding forward contracts with notional amounts of $(42.1) million
and $0 million, respectively. The outstanding forward contracts at December 31, 2021 mature between Jan. 27 and June 22,
2022, respectively. Our Company recognized gain (loss) on forward contracts as other income (expenses) – refer to Note 7(e)
and Note 7(f).
The forward contract balance varies with the expected foreign currency transactions and changes in foreign exchange rate.
Foreign currency forward contracts
Fair value
2021
2020
Assets
US$’000
Liabilities
US$’000
Assets
US$’000
Liabilities
US$’000
249
—
—
—
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
11. FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (continued)
11(d)
Fair values
Set out below is a comparison of the carrying amounts and fair value of our Company’s financial instruments that are carried in
the financial statements:
Carrying amount
As of December 31,
Fair value
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
Financial assets-current
Financial assets at amortized cost
Cash and cash equivalents
Financial assets at fair value at fair value through
profit
Trade receivables
Other receivables
Due from related parties
Financial assets-non-current
Financial assets at fair value through other
comprehensive income
Financial assets at amortized cost
Long-term bank deposits*
Total
Financial liabilities-current
Liabilities at amortized cost
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables
Due to related parties
Accruals
Lease liabilities
Financial liabilities-non-current
Liabilities at amortized cost
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Lease liabilities
Total
* included in other non-current assets
44,507
52,237
44,507
52,237
249
103,564
2,648
13,965
—
82,071
6,192
10,982
249
103,564
2,648
13,965
—
82,071
6,192
10,982
2,929
2,271
2,929
2,271
1,725
169,587
1,879
155,632
1,725
169,587
1,879
155,632
62,083
44,784
11,865
23,374
571
3,304
1,916
147,897
10,131
27,370
10,620
21,361
551
3,650
1,783
75,466
62,083
44,784
11,865
23,374
571
3,304
1,916
147,897
10,131
27,370
10,620
21,361
551
3,650
1,783
75,466
(i) Methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value
The fair value of the financial assets and liabilities is included at the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a
current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The following methods and assumptions
were used to estimate the fair values:
► Cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, other receivables, due from related parties, trade and other payables, due to
related parties, and financial lease liabilities approximate their carrying amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of
these instruments.
► Fixed-rate and variable-rate receivables are evaluated by our Company based on parameters such as interest rates, specific
country risk factors, individual creditworthiness of the customer and the risk characteristics of the financed project. Based
on this evaluation, allowances were provided to account for the expected losses of these receivables. As of December 31,
2021 and 2020, the carrying amounts of such receivables, net of allowances, were not materially different from their
calculated fair values.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
11. FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (continued)
11(d) Fair values(continued)
(i) Methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value (continued)
► Fixed rate long-term bank deposits and fixed rate and variable-rate borrowings are evaluated using discounted cash flows
and the market rates or current rates for deposits of similar remaining maturities.
► Fair value of financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss - derivatives is derived from inputs other than quoted
prices that are observable for the asset or liability.
► Fair value of interest-bearing borrowings and loans are determined by using discounted cash flow method with discount
rate that reflects the issuer’s borrowing rate as of the end of the reporting period. The non-performance risk as of December
31, 2021 was assessed to be insignificant.
(ii) Description of significant unobservable inputs to valuation
Financial asset
Unquoted equity instrument
Valuation
technique
Significant
unobservable
inputs
Liquidity
discount
(2021 and 2020)
Market
Approach
Method
Liquidity
Discount
30%
Sensitivity of the input to fair
value
2021
2020
5% decrease
in the discount
would increase
in fair value by
$209
5% decrease in
the discount
would increase
in fair value by
$162
Our Company estimates the fair value of investment in equity instrument by using the market approach (market comparatives
approach). The key in this method is the selection of quoted comparable companies and accommodate adjustments to bring the
accounts of different companies into a broadly consistent framework for analysis. Then, select appropriate Indicators of Value.
The followings should be taken into account:
► Enterprise Value (EV) versus Market Capitalization;
► Earnings-based: EBITDA +/or EBIT versus Net Earnings +/or Net Cash Flow
► Balance Sheet based: Net Total Assets versus Shareholders Funds
Discount for the lack of liquidity to reflect the lesser liquidity of this equity instrument compared with those of its comparable
public company peers. Our Company assessed the discount for the lack of liquidity to be 30 percent on the basis of relevant
studies applicable in the region and industry as well as on the specific facts and circumstances of the equity instrument. The
equity instrument’s finance performance is characterized by stable, consistent growth and profitability. Our Company believes
the liquidity discount of 30% would be appropriate.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
11. FINANCIAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL LIABILITIES (continued)
11(d) Fair values (continued)
(ii) Description of significant unobservable inputs to valuation (continued)
Our Company carries the equity instrument as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income classified as
level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. A reconciliation of the beginning and closing balances is summarized below:
At January 1
Re-measurement financial assets to fair value, recognized in other
comprehensive income/(loss)
Exchange difference on translation
At December 31
12.
TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
Trade receivables
Less: Loss allowances
Trade receivable, net
Other receivables
Less: Loss allowances
Other receivable, net
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2,271
4,062
734
(76)
2,929
(1,789)
(2)
2,271
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
104,405
(841)
103,564
2,683
(35)
2,648
83,485
(1,414)
82,071
6,227
(35)
6,192
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, trade receivables were all from contracts with customers. And as of January 1, 2020, the
balance of trade receivables from contracts with customers was $74,077.
12(a) Movement in the loss allowance on trade receivables
At January 1
Charge for the year
Write-off
Unused amounts reversed
Currency translation adjustment
Reclassification
At December 31
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
1,414
383
(734)
(170)
(65)
13
841
1,550
227
(339)
(147)
102
21
1,414
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
12.
TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (continued)
12(b)
Aging analysis of trade receivables
Total
Current 1-30 days
Past due
61-90
days
31-60
days
91-120
days
>120
days
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
December 31, 2021
Expected loss rate
Gross carrying amount - trade receivables
Loss allowances
Trade receivable, net
December 31, 2020
Expected loss rate
Gross carrying amount - trade receivables
Loss allowances
Trade receivable, net
0.81%
104,405
841
103,564
0.11%
90,080
98
89,982
1.69%
83,485
1,414
82,071
0.16%
69,336
112
69,224
12(c) Accounting policy for impairment of trade receivables
0.68% 4.77% 7.14% 3.03% 53.12%
1,043
554
489
11,140
76
11,064
1,572
75
1,497
504
36
468
66
2
64
1.23% 2.80% 6.92% 15.91% 66.48%
1,638
1,089
549
2,751
77
2,674
9,557
118
9,439
159
11
148
44
7
37
Our Company applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses which uses a lifetime expected loss
allowance for trade receivables. To measure the expected credit losses, trade receivables have been grouped based on shared
credit risk characteristics and the days past due. The expected loss rates are based on our Company’s historical credit loss
experience, adjusted to reflect current and forward-looking information on general economic conditions affecting the ability of
the customers to settle the receivables.
12(d)
Material collateral obtained
Our Company obtained collateral in respect of doubtful receivables from customers. The collateral takes the form of a lien
over the customer’s assets and gives our Company a claim on these assets for the doubtful receivables.
In March 2017, a lawsuit was filed by a debtor to rescind the foreclosure that our Company has undertaken on the collateral in
Thailand. Our Company’s foreclosure prevailed according to the judgement from the Appeal Court on November 28, 2017.
The debtor’s petition reached to the Supreme Court on June 19, 2018, and was denied on March 27, 2019. Our Company
performed a valuation to determine the fair value of the collateral. As of December 31, 2019, the fair value of the collateral
was $1,339, which was lower than the amount of the associated delinquent account, and our Company recognized an
impairment loss of $30 in other operating expenses, accordingly. In June 2020, the collateral was auctioned off and our
Company received payment of $1,060 to settle the net amount of $1,242 owed by the customer that was net of allowance of
$111. Our Company recognized an additional loss of $182 for the year ended December 31, 2020.
See Note 27(b) credit risk of trade receivables for discussions on how our Company manages and measures credit quality of
trade receivables that are neither past due nor impaired.
12(e)
Other receivables pledged as collateral
The carrying amounts of other receivables pledged as collateral against credit facilities received from financial institutions are
disclosed in Note 27(e)(ii).
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
13.
INVENTORIES
Raw materials and supplies
Work in progress
Finished goods
Total inventories at the lower of cost and net
realizable value
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
23,928
24,791
80,078
23,490
17,992
54,889
128,797
96,371
Inventories recognized as an expense during the year ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 amounted to $441,371,
$279,728 and $313,695 respectively.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, our Company recognized allowance for inventory of $14,136 as an expense in cost of
sales for inventories carried at net realizable value. For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the amount of $240 and
$322 were credited to cost of sales when the circumstances, such as copper price fluctuation, that caused the net realizable
value of inventory to be lower than its cost no longer existed.
14.
CONTRACT ASSETS
14(a)
Assets related to contracts with customers
Contract assets - current
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
11,381
10,245
There were no advances received or retentions on SDI service contracts during the financial years ended December 31, 2021
and 2020. As of January 1, 2020, the balance of contract assets amounted to $4,686. The contract assets balance increased as
our Company provided more services and transferred more goods ahead of the agreed payment schedules.
Our Company mainly conducts its SDI services contract with customers within public sector, and the expected credit loss on
contract assets is close to zero.
14(b)
Unsatisfied supply, delivery, and installation (SDI) services contracts
The following table shows the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the unsatisfied performance obligations.
Unsatisfied long-term SDI contracts
Expected to be recognized as revenue over 3 years
F-67
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
119,025
143,265
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
15.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Cost
At January 1, 2020
Additions
Disposals
Transfer
Exchange differences
At December 31, 2020
Additions
Disposals
Transfer
Exchange differences
At December 31, 2021
Depreciation/Impairment
At January 1, 2020
Depreciation charge for the
year
Impairment
Disposals
Transfer
Exchange differences
At December 31, 2020
Depreciation charge for the
year
Impairment
Disposals
Transfer
Exchange differences
At December 31, 2021
Land Buildings
Building
improvement
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
Machinery and
equipment
US$’000
Motor vehicle
and other asset
US$’000
Office
equipment
US$’000
Construction in
progress
US$’000
Total
US$’000
6,838
—
—
—
34
6,872
—
—
—
(856)
6,016
50,543
—
—
680
893
52,116
—
(37)
(45)
(3,942)
48,092
7,030
138
(31)
152
47
7,336
6
—
108
(613)
6,837
103,869
239
(6,129)
1,157
1,129
100,265
406
(7,232)
4,523
(9,798)
88,164
6,009
265
(483)
115
63
5,969
374
(517)
88
(438)
5,476
7,092
363
(205)
17
321
7,588
761
(474)
11
(339)
7,547
1,378 182,759
16,696
15,691
(6,848)
—
28
(2,093)
3,172
685
15,661 195,807
8,656
7,109
(8,260)
—
43
(4,642)
(17,302)
(1,316)
16,812 178,944
—
(36,870)
(4,464)
(90,132)
(3,662)
(5,884)
— (141,012)
(962)
(384)
(2,301)
(514)
(414)
—
(4,575)
—
—
—
(653)
(38,485)
—
21
—
(29)
(4,856)
(198)
6,128
—
(1,041)
(87,544)
—
438
(56)
(63)
(3,857)
(4)
203
—
(266)
(6,365)
(202)
—
6,790
—
(56)
—
—
(2,052)
— (141,107)
(993)
(403)
(2,184)
(504)
(506)
—
(4,590)
—
—
—
428
(4,831)
2,006
2,480
2,566
(5)
7,170
—
8,639
(73,924)
14,240
12,721
13,737
—
505
(87)
268
(3,675)
(2)
468
—
318
(6,087)
—
(7)
—
8,179
—
(42)
13,042
—
— (124,525)
1,801
2,112
2,347
1,460
1,223
1,208
16,812
54,419
15,661
54,700
1,378
41,747
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
36
45
3,389
(36,008)
Net book value
At December 31, 2021
6,016
12,084
At December 31, 2020
6,872
13,631
At January 1, 2020
6,838
13,673
15(a)
Impairment of property, plant and equipment
In 2021, 2020 and 2019 our Company recorded an impairment loss of $7, $202 and $546 on property, plant and equipment at
Sigma Cable, Shanghai Yayang and SFO facilities. The impairment is presented within cost of sales in consolidated income
statements, other operating expenses in Note 7(b), and the impairment of property, plant and equipment of ROW, North Asia
and Thailand segments in Note 5.
Our Company identified impairment at Sigma Cable due to lack of profitability. Our Company determined that certain
machinery and equipment would not generate the expected future cash flows. The impairment test revealed that the total
carrying amount of these assets was greater than their total recoverable amount. After considering the relevant objective
evidence, our Company recorded an impairment loss.
Our Company performed a valuation for utilized machinery measured at fair value less costs to sell using a cost approach due
to closure of the manufacturing facilities at Shanghai Yayang. Its fair value measurement was classified as Level 3 of the fair
value hierarchy. After considering the relevant evidence, the key assumption used included replacement costs, residual value
and remaining useful life of these existing assets. The impairment test revealed that the recoverable amount was lower than the
carrying amount.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
15. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (continued)
15(a)
Impairment of property, plant and equipment (continued)
Our Company considers the market demand for SFO’s products and performed an impairment test on the CGU composed of
property, plant and equipment used in the manufacturing of fiber optic cables at SFO. Our Company determined the
recoverable amount of the CGU to be $0 based on the value in use.
15(b) Pledge
Information about the property, plant and equipment that were pledged to others as collaterals is provided in Note 27(e) (i).
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
16.
RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS
16(a)
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets
Right of use assets
Land
Buildings
Motor vehicle and other asset
Office equipment
As of December
31,
2021
US$’000
As of December 31,
2020
US$’000
2,533
690
135
35
3,393
2,843
281
47
77
3,248
Our Company leases various assets including land, buildings, business vehicles and multifunction printers. Rental contracts
are typically made for periods of 2 to 37 years. Lease terms are negotiated on an individual basis and contain a wide range of
different terms and conditions. The lease agreements do not impose covenants, but leased assets may not be used as security
for borrowing purposes.
Additions to the right-of-use assets during the 2021 financial year were $906 (2020: $40).
16(b)
Amounts recognized in the consolidated income statements
Depreciation charge of right of use assets
Land
Buildings
Motor vehicle and other asset
Office equipment
Interest expenses (included in finance cost)
Expenses relating to short-term leases
Expenses relating to lease of low-value assets that are not
short-term leases
The total cash outflow for lease in 2021 was $708 (2020: $682).
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
289
286
53
33
661
70
3
3
280
278
38
25
621
79
7
10
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
17.
INVESTMENT PROPERTIES
17(a)
Net book value of investment properties
As of December 31, 2021
Cost
Less: Accumulated depreciation
Net book value
As of December 31, 2020
Cost
Less: Accumulated depreciation
Net book value
Land not being
used for
operation
US$’000
Office buildings
for rent
US$’000
Warehouse
US$’000
Land leasehold
right
US$’000
Total
US$’000
418
—
418
466
—
466
716
(516)
200
742
(502)
240
5,366
(270)
5,096
5,701
(124)
5,577
98
(3)
95
96
(1)
95
6,598
(789)
5,809
7,005
(627)
6,378
A reconciliation of the net book value of investment properties was as follow:
Net book value at January 1
Addition
Depreciation (included in administrative expenses)
Transfer from property plant and equipment
Exchange difference
Net book value at December 31
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
6,378
—
(196)
—
(373)
5,809
730
5,197
(144)
7
588
6,378
17(b)
The amount recognized in profit or loss arising from the investment properties
Rental income derived from investment properties
Direct operating expenses (including repairs and
maintenance) generating rental income
Direct operating expenses (including repairs and
maintenance) that did not generate rental income
Net profit (loss) arising from investment properties
carried at cost
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
170
(174)
(23)
(27)
190
(145)
—
45
78
(34)
—
44
Undiscounted lease payments receivable to be received during the lease terms are immaterial.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
17.
INVESTMENT PROPERTIES (continued)
17(c)
Measuring investment properties at fair value
The fair value of the investment properties are stated below:
Land not being used for operation
Office buildings for rent
Warehouse
Land leasehold right
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
10,528
2,444
5,658
173
11,521
2,060
5,701
96
The fair value of aforementioned investment properties have been determined based on the valuation and is considered a level
3 measurement. The valuation has been made on the assumption to sell the property interests in the open market in the
neighborhood without the benefit of any deferred term contract, leaseback, joint venture, management agreement or any
similar arrangement, which would serve to increase the value of the property interests. The valuation adopted market
comparison approach to estimate the fair market value of the properties. Under the market comparison approach, the appraisal
is based on recent sales and listings of comparable property. Adjustments were made for differences between the subject
property and those actual sales and listings regarded as comparable. The factors which used for considering the property
valuation include the significant unobservable inputs, such as location, transportation, land uses, facilities, neighboring area,
land characteristics, potential, regulations and liquidity.
17(d)
Pledge
Information about the investment properties that were pledged to others as collaterals is provided in Note 27(e) (i).
18.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Computer software
Cost
At January 1
Addition
Disposals
Transfer
Exchange difference
At December 31
Accumulated amortization
At January 1
Amortization
Disposals
Exchange difference
At December 31
Net book value
At December 31
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
743
4
(19)
—
(32)
696
(563)
(47)
19
24
(567)
129
621
67
—
40
15
743
(493)
(62)
—
(8)
(563)
180
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
19.
INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES
19(a)
Associates of our Company
Company Name
Nature of business
Shandong Pacific Rubber Cable Co., Ltd. (“SPRC”) Manufacturing of rubber
Siam Pacific Holding Company Limited (“SPHC”)
Loxpac (Thailand) Company Limited (“Loxpac”)
(Formerly known as “Loxley Pacific Co., Ltd.)
Loxpac Hong Kong Co., Limited (“Loxpac HK”)
(Formerly known as “Loxley Pacific Hong Kong Co.,
Limited” )
Country of
incorporation
PRC
Thailand
Thailand
cable
Investment & holding
company
Providing
telecommunication service
Investment &
holding company
Hong Kong
Percentage of
equity interest
As of December 31
2021
2020
25.00%
25.00%
49.00%
49.00%
21.39%
21.39%
23.10%
23.10%
19(b)
Carrying amounts of investment in associates
At January 1
Share of loss of associates
Exchange difference
At December 31
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
930
(1)
(94)
835
935
(1)
(4)
930
The investments in SPRC, Loxpac and Loxpac HK have been fully impaired.
19(c)
Summarized financial information for associates
The following table summarized financial information of our Company’s investments in associates:
Summarized financial information of SPHC:
Current assets
Non-current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Equity
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
3
1,884
(1)
(182)
1,704
6
2,095
(2)
(202)
1,897
Reconciliation to our Company’s investments in associates:
Percentage of equity interest
Carrying amount of the investment
49%
49%
835
930
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
19.
INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES (continued)
19(c)Summarized financial information for associates (continued)
Summarized financial information of SPHC:
Revenue
Loss for the year
Reconciliation to our Company’s investments in
associates:
Percentage of equity interest
Share of the associates’ loss for the year:
For the year ended December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
—
(2)
—
(2)
—
(6)
49%
49%
49%
(1)
(1)
(3)
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, our Company's associates had no contingent liabilities or capital commitments.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
20.
TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES
Trade payables
Other payables
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
32,428
12,356
44,784
17,358
10,012
27,370
Other payables included refund liabilities arising from contracts with customers, which amounted to $9,832 and $7,515 as of
December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
21.
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT
As of December 31,
2021
Current
US$’000
Non-current
Total
US$’000
US$’000
2020
Non-
Current
current
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
Total
1,387
600
1,987
8,467
126
8,593
9,854
726
10,580
1,384
566
1,950
9,916
111
10,027
11,300
677
11,977
Employee benefit liabilities
Pension-Defined benefit plans
Long service leave
Total
21(a)
Pension – Defined contribution plans
Our Company has several defined contribution plans covering its employees in Australia, PRC, Singapore, Thailand, and
Taiwan. Contributions to the plan are made monthly. Total charges for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019,
were $1,200, $966, and $1,160, respectively.
21(b)
Pension – Defined benefit plans
The defined benefit liability recognized in the consolidated balance sheet in respect to defined benefit plans is the present
value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period, together with adjustments for past service costs and
actuarial gains or losses. The defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by independent actuaries using the projected
unit credit method. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash
outflows using future actuarial assumptions about demographic and financial variables that affect the determination of the
amount of such benefits.
In accordance with the Thailand labor law, Charoong Thai and its subsidiaries are obliged to make payment to retiring
employees, at rates of 1 to 13 times of their final month’s salary rate, depending on the length of service. In addition,
Charoong Thai also has the extra benefit plan to make payment to qualified retiring employees, at rates of 1 to 26 times of
final month's salary. The plan is not funded. Our Company pays to settle the obligations as and when employees retire.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
21.
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT (continued)
21(b)
Pension – Defined benefit plans (continued)
The following tables summaries the components of net benefit expense recognized in the income statement and the funded
status and amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet for the plan:
Net benefit cost
Current service cost
Past service cost
Interest cost on benefit obligation
Net benefit cost
Other comprehensive income
2021
US$’000
For the year ended December 31,
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
519
—
127
646
562
—
147
709
For the year ended December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
546
121
254
921
494
18
1,215
1,727
Actuarial loss / (gain) – experience
Actuarial (gain) / loss – demographic assumption
Actuarial (gain) / loss – financial assumption
Actuarial (gain) / loss
140
(23)
(676)
(559)
(328)
(1)
130
(199)
Change in the defined obligation
Defined benefit obligation at January 1
Current service cost
Past service cost
Interest cost on benefit obligation
Benefits paid directly by our Company
Actuarial (gain) / loss in other comprehensive
income
Exchange differences
Defined benefit obligation at December 31
Actuarial assumptions
For the year ended December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
11,300
519
—
127
(746)
(559)
(787)
9,854
11,742
562
—
147
(954)
(199)
2
11,300
9,016
546
121
254
(535)
1,727
613
11,742
The significant assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of the defined benefit obligations for the year
ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows:
Discount rate
Rate of salary increase
Pre-retirement mortality
* TMO represented as Thailand Mortality Ordinary Tables
2021
%
1.9
5.0~6.0
2020
%
1.2-1.4
5.0~6.0
* Thailand TMO17 Tables * Thailand TMO17 Tables
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
21.
EMPLOYEE BENEFIT (continued)
21(b)
Pension – Defined benefit plans (continued)
Maturity profile of defined benefit obligation
The following pension benefit payments are expected payments to be made in the future years out of the defined benefit plan
obligation:
Within the next 12 months (next annual reporting period)
Between 2 and 5 years
Between 6 and 10 years
Beyond 10 years
Total expected payments
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
1,387
1,770
4,345
13,893
21,395
1,384
2,040
4,568
17,114
25,106
Weighted average duration of defined benefit obligation
9 years
9~10 years
Sensitivity analysis
A one-percentage point change in the assumed rates would have yielded the following effects:
Discount rate – 1% increase
Discount rate – 1% decrease
Rate of salary increase – 1% increase
Rate of salary increase – 1% decrease
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
(817)
960
912
(796)
(984)
1,159
1,095
(953)
The sensitivity result above determines their individual impact on the plan’s year-end defined benefit obligation. In reality, the
plan is subject to multiple external experience items which may move the defined benefit obligation in similar or opposite
directions, while the plan’s sensitivity to such changes can vary over time.
21(c)Long service leave
The liability for long service leave is recognized in the provision for employee benefits and measured as present value of
expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date using the projected
unit credit method. Consideration is given to expected future wage and salary levels, experience of employee departures, and
periods of service. Expected future payments are discounted using market yields at the reporting date on high quality
corporate bond with terms to maturity and currencies that match, as closely as possible, the estimated future cash outflows. As
of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the amount of long service leave obligation was $726 and $677, respectively.
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
22. OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES
Contract liabilities
Dividend payable
Onerous contracts provisions
Other current liabilities
Total
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
612
671
9,640
3,212
14,135
259
691
5,105
1,771
7,826
Other current liabilities include undue value added tax, unpaid withholding tax, and other miscellaneous liabilities.
22(a)
Onerous contracts provisions
At January 1
Recognized
Reversed
Exchange differences
At December 31
22(b)
Contract Liabilities
Current contract liabilities
Advance from customers
Custodial service
Transportation service
Total current contract liabilities
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
5,105
6,241
(1,401)
(305)
9,640
238
4,658
—
209
5,105
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
511
50
51
612
156
44
59
259
93
63
60
216
Our Company recognizes contract liabilities when it receives advance payments from customers before performance
obligations have been performed.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
22. OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES (continued)
22(b)
Contract Liabilities (continued)
Revenue recognized in relation to contract liabilities
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liabilities balance at the
beginning of the year
Advance from customers
Custodial service
Transportation service
23.
EQUITY
23(a)
Common shares
Authorized shares
Common shares of US$0.01 each
Common shares issued and fully paid
At December 31, 2021
At December 31, 2020
At January 1, 2020
23(b)
Dividends
For the year ended December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
156
40
44
240
93
60
56
209
As of December 31,
2020
2021
Number of
shares
50,000,000
Number of shares
50,000,000
Number of
shares
13,830,769
13,830,769
13,830,769
US$’000
138
138
138
On November 11, 2016, APWC announced that the Board of Directors approved the implementation of a dividend policy as
part of APWC's ongoing commitment to increasing shareholder value and return on investment. Pursuant to the dividend
policy, subject to review and approval by the Board of Directors, APWC may pay cash dividends of at least 25% of its net
post-tax audited consolidated profits attributable to shareholders. As APWC is a holding company, its ability to pay dividends
is dependent upon distributions that it receives from its operating subsidiaries and affiliates, which are subject to a number of
factors including operating results, capital requirements, expansion plans, debt covenants, business prospects, consideration
for non-recurring items and other factors that are deemed relevant from time to time by the respective boards of our
subsidiaries and affiliates. The dividend policy will be reviewed on an ongoing basis and updated at the discretion of the
Board of Directors as business circumstances and available capital and capital requirements may change.
APWC did not declare or pay dividends distributed to owners for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
23.
EQUITY (continued)
23(c)
Other comprehensive income – net of tax
The disaggregation of changes of other comprehensive income by each type of reserve in equity is shown below:
For the year ended December 31, 2021
Remeasurement
of defined
benefit plans
US$’000
Financial
assets at
FVOCI
reserve
Foreign
currency
translation
reserve
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
(15,028)
447
(15,028)
—
—
—
Total
—
447
—
447
587
587
—
(15,028)
587
(13,994)
For the year ended December 31, 2020
Remeasurement
of defined
benefit plans
US$’000
Financial
assets at
FVOCI
reserve
Foreign
currency
translation
reserve
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
5,211
159
5,211
—
—
—
Total
—
159
—
159
(1,431)
(1,431)
—
5,211
(1,431)
3,939
For the year ended December 31, 2019
Remeasurement
of defined
benefit plans
US$’000
—
(1,382)
Financial
assets at
FVOCI
reserve
Foreign
currency
translation
reserve
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
10,677
(1,382)
10,677
—
—
—
Total
—
(1,382)
1,336
1,336
—
10,677
1,336
10,631
Exchange difference on translation of foreign operations
Re-measuring gains on defined benefit plans
Changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through
other comprehensive income
Exchange difference on translation of foreign operations
Re-measuring gains on defined benefit plans
Changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through
other comprehensive income
Exchange difference on translation of foreign operations
Re-measuring losses on defined benefit plans
Changes in fair value of financial assets at fair value through
other comprehensive income
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ASIA PACIFIC WIRE & CABLE CORPORATION LIMITED
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
24.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The related parties are defined as affiliates of our Company; entities for which investments are accounted for by the equity
method by our Company; the principal owners of our Company; its management; members of the immediate families of the
principal owners of our Company and its management.
Moon View Venture Limited (“Moon View”), PEWC, Singapore Branch, PEWC Singapore Co. (Pte) Ltd., and PEWC (HK)
are controlled by PEWC. Moon View is the immediate holding company of our Company. Italian-Thai Development Public
Company Limited (“Italian-Thai”) is the non-controlling shareholder of one of our Company’s operating subsidiaries in
Thailand. SPHC is one of our Company’s equity investees. Fujikura Limited is a non-controlling shareholder of one of our
Company’s operating subsidiaries in Thailand.
24(a)
Outstanding balance with related parties
The following table provided the total amount of outstanding balance at December 31, 2021 and 2020.
The ultimate parent company
PEWC
PEWC, Singapore Branch
PEWC Singapore Co.
(Pte) Ltd.
PEWC (HK)
Associate
SPHC
Amounts due from related parties
Amounts due to related parties
As of December 31,
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
24
21
—
—
22
—
10,075
—
400
7,204
5,613
16
8,550
—
400
42
176
196
1,362
1,362
Non-controlling shareholder of subsidiary
Italian-Thai and its affiliates
Others
Total
6,540
5,151
—
240
—
13,965
—
10,982
12
11,865
26
10,620
As of December 31, 2020, the interest rates on the balance due to PEWC Singapore Co. (Pte) Ltd. range from 1.23% to
2.90%. In December 2020, this loan was repaid in full to PEWC Singapore Co. (Pte) Ltd.
On July 10, 2020, APWC entered into a secured loan agreement with PEWC as lender. In August 2020, we borrowed the
principal amount of $6 million under the Secured Loan from PEWC, pledging our Company’s 98.3% ownership stake in
Sigma Cable as collateral. This loan was a straight loan with a fixed interest rate of 3% per annum. In June 2021, such loan
was repaid in full to PEWC, and the facility was terminated.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
24.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (continued)
24(b)
Transactions with related parties
The transactions undertaken with related parties are summarized as follows:
The ultimate parent company
PEWC
PEWC, Singapore Branch
PEWC Singapore Co. (Pte) Ltd.
PEWC (HK)
Non-controlling shareholder of
subsidiary
Italian Thai and its affiliates
Fujikura Limited
Purchases
Sales
Fabrication income received
Management fee paid
Information technology service fee paid
Training fee paid
Interest expenses paid
Management fee received
Interest expenses paid
Sales
Service fee paid
For the year ended December 31,
2019
2020
2021
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
20,359
5,254
25
153
113
110
91
14
—
25,127
219
5,742
90
—
133
123
—
60
14
12
17,004
209
2,745
—
140
199
101
—
—
14
22
17,831
218
Sales
Construction of factory building
expenses
Purchases
6,613
1,651
5,344
3,436
4,188
215
—
—
249
Others
Fabrication cost
350
238
581
24(c)
Terms and condition of transactions with related parties
The sales to and purchases from related parties are based on negotiation by the entities. Outstanding balances at the year-end
are unsecured and interest free. There have been no guarantees provided or received for any related party receivables or
payables. This assessment is undertaken each financial year through examining the financial position of the related party and
the market in which the related party operates.
Our Company purchases from PEWC copper rods as raw materials, low to high voltage power cable, and wire for distribution
purposes. The purchase price from PEWC is determined by reference to the quoted copper prices on the LME. No sales
commission was received from PEWC during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
24.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (continued)
24(c)
Terms and condition of transactions with related parties (continued)
Pursuant to the composite services agreement with PEWC:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
PEWC will sell copper rod to our Company, upon our Company’s request, (1) at a price consisting of the average spot
price of copper on the LME for the one month prior to purchase plus an agreed upon premium, (2) at prices and on
terms at least as favorable as it provides copper rod to other purchasers of similar amounts of copper rod in the same
markets as PEWC and (3) will give priority in the supply of copper rod to our Company over other purchasers of
copper rod from PEWC.
PEWC grants to our Company the right to distribute any wire or cable product manufactured by PEWC in all markets
in which our Company presently distributes or develops the capability to distribute in the future, such products on such
terms as have historically been in effect or on terms at least as favorable as PEWC grants to third parties that distribute
such products in such markets. However, PEWC shall not be required to grant to our Company the right to distribute
products manufactured by PEWC in the future in markets where our Company does not currently have the capability to
distribute unless and until PEWC has no pre-existing contractual rights which would conflict with the grant of such
right to our Company.
PEWC will make available to our Company, upon our Company’s request and on terms to be mutually agreed between
PEWC and our Company from time to time, access to certain of PEWC’s technology (and PEWC personnel necessary
to use such technology) with respect to the design and manufacture of wire and cable products, including, without
limitation, certain fiber optic technology. Our Company benefits from research and development conducted by PEWC
at little or no cost to our Company.
PEWC will make available to our Company, upon our Company’s request and on terms to be mutually agreed between
PEWC and our Company from time to time, certain services with respect to the design and manufacture of wire and
cable products, computerization, inventory control, purchasing, internal auditing, quality control, emergency back-up
services, and recruitment and training of personnel; such services may include the training of our Company’s
employees and managers at PEWC facilities and the secondment of PEWC employees and managers to our Company.
Each of PEWC and our Company will offer the other party the right to participate in any negotiations with a third party
concerning the establishment of any facility or similar venture to manufacture or distribute any wire or cable product
outside of the markets where our Company currently manufactures or distributes, or intends to develop the capability to
manufacture or distribute, any wire or cable product. Unless our Company and PEWC mutually agree otherwise, our
Company shall have the right of first refusal to enter into any definitive agreement with such third party. If, however,
such third party would not agree to the substitution of our Company for PEWC or such substitution would prevent the
successful completion of the facility or venture, PEWC will arrange for our Company to participate to the extent
possible.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
24.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (continued)
24(d)
Compensation of key management personnel of our Company
Short-term employee benefits
Post-employment benefits
Total compensation paid to key management
personnel
2021
US$’000
For the years ended December, 31
2020
US$’000
2019
US$’000
2,372
84
2,456
3,050
114
3,164
3,073
179
3,252
The amounts disclosed in the table were recognized as expenses during the reporting periods.
25.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
25(a)
Purchase commitments
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, our Company had commitments to purchase raw materials totaling $219 million to $262
million and $194 million to $251 million (22,252 to 26,652 metric tons and 28,736 to 35,946 metric tons), respectively, from
third parties at the prices stipulated in the contracts.
25(b)
Capital commitments
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, our Company had capital commitment relating to the construction of factory building
improvement and acquisition of machinery, totaling $0.9 million and $2.5 million, respectively.
25(c)
Guarantees
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, APWC provided a corporate guarantee not exceeding the sum of $25 million and $25.1
million, respectively, for the bond performance and banking facility of Sigma Cable.
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were outstanding bank guarantees of $14 million and $17 million, respectively,
issued by the banks on behalf of Charoong Thai and its subsidiaries in respect of certain performance bonds as required in the
normal course of business of the companies. These guarantees generally expire within 1 year.
25(d)
Service commitments
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, our Company had commitments in respect of management consulting services with
related parties totaling $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
26.
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT
Fair value information:
As of December 31, 2021
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive
income (Note 11.(a))
Unquoted equity instrument
Thai Metal Processing Co., Ltd.
Assets for which fair values are disclosed:
Investment properties (Note 17)
Land
Office buildings
Warehouse
Land leasehold right
Fair value measurement using
Quoted
prices
in
active markets
(Level 1)
US$’000 US$’000
Total
Significant
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
US$’000 US$’000
2,929
—
—
2,929
10,528
2,444
5,658
173
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
10,528
2,444
5,658
173
There have been no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the year.
Fair value information:
As of December 31, 2020
Fair value measurement using
Quoted prices
in
active markets
(Level 1)
US$’000 US$’000
Significant
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
Total
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
US$’000 US$’000
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive
income (Note 11.(a))
Unquoted equity instrument
Thai Metal Processing Co., Ltd.
Assets for which fair values are disclosed:
Investment properties (Note 17)
Land
Office buildings
Warehouse
Land leasehold right
2,271
—
—
2,271
11,521
2,060
5,701
96
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
11,521
2,060
5,701
96
There have been no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the year.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
27. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES
Financial risks are those derived from financial instruments our Company is exposed to during or at the closing of each fiscal
year. The objective of our Company’s financial risk management is to minimize its risk exposure against various financial
risks, which include market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. Our Company uses derivative instruments to cover certain risks
when it considers them necessary. It is our Company’s policy that no trading in derivatives for speculative purposes shall be
undertaken.
Our Company manages its exposure to key financial risks, as described in the succeeding paragraphs.
27(a)
Market risk
Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in
market prices. Market prices comprise four types of risk: interest rate risk, equity price risk, foreign currency risk and
commodity price risk. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings, financial instruments at fair
value through profit or loss, and financial instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income.
The sensitivity analysis in the following sections relate to the position as of December 31, 2021 and 2020.
The analysis excludes the impact of movements in market variables on the carrying value of other post-retirement obligations
provisions and on the non-financial assets and liabilities of foreign operations.
(i)
Interest rate risk
Our Company’s exposure to interest rate risk arises from borrowing at floating interest rates. Changes in interest rate will
affect future cash flows but not the fair value. Less than 46% of our Company’s financial liabilities bear floating interest rate,
and the rest of its financial liabilities bear fixed interest rate which are close to the market rate or are non-interest bearing.
At the reporting dates, a change of 30 basis points of interest rate in a reporting period could cause the profit for the years
ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 to increase/decrease by $168 and $54, respectively.
(ii)
Equity price risk
Our Company’s exposure to equity price risk arises from unquoted instrument held by our Company and classified in the
balance sheet as non-current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income.
The fair value and the sensitivity analysis of the held equity instrument are disclosed in Note 11(d).
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
27.
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES (continued)
27(a)
Market risk (continued)
(iii)
Foreign currency risk
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of
changes in foreign exchange rates. Our Company’s exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates arise from sales,
purchases and borrowings by operating units in currencies other than the unit’s functional currency. Our Company’s principal
operations are located in Thailand, the PRC, Singapore and Australia and a substantial portion of its revenues are denominated
in Thai Baht, RMB, Australian dollars or Singapore dollars, whereas a substantial portion of our Company’s cost of sales are
denominated in U.S. dollars, its reporting currency. Any devaluation of the functional currencies of our Company’s principal
subsidiaries against the U.S. dollar would likely have an adverse impact on the operations of our Company. Management
monitors the foreign exchange exposure and will consider hedging significant foreign currency exposure should the need
arise.(refer to NTA-11(c)(ii))
The balance of financial assets and liabilities denominated in a currency different from our Company’s each functional
currency are summarized below.
United States dollar (USD)
Thai Baht (THB)
Singapore dollar (SGD)
Taiwan dollar (TWD)
Renminbi (RMB)
Hong Kong dollar (HKD)
Euro (EUR)
Foreign currency sensitivity
Financial Assets
As of December 31,
2021
2020
15,304
326
130
9,929
18
10,678
125
10,025
13,241
113
3,357
18
8,017
249
Financial Liabilities
As of December 31
2021
2020
58,526
30
6
5,104
—
28
519
7,501
30
6
4,820
—
28
413
The following table demonstrates the sensitivity of our Company’s profit before tax and equity to a reasonably possible
change of each foreign currency exchange rates against all other non-functional currencies, with all other variables held
constant.
2021
2020
Change
rate
USD
THB
SGD TWD HKD EUR
5%
-5%
5%
-5%
(2,161)
2,161
126
(126)
—
—
22
(22)
5
(5)
4
(4)
9
(9)
(3)
3
68
(68)
52
(52)
(22)
22
(10)
10
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
27.
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES (continued)
27(a)
Market risk (continued)
(iv) Commodity price risk
Our Company is affected by the volatility of certain commodities. Copper is the principal raw material used by our Company.
Our Company purchases copper at price closely related to the prevailing international spot market on the London Metal
Exchange for copper. The price of copper is influenced heavily by global supply and demand as well as speculative trading.
Consequently, a change in the price of copper will have a direct effect on our Company’s cost of sales. Our Company does not
use derivative instruments to hedge the price risk associated with the purchase of this commodity. However, we cover some of
these risks through long-term purchase contracts.
Commodity price sensitivity
The following table shows the potential effect of price changes in copper.
2021
Copper
2020
Copper
Change in
year-end
price
US$’000
Effect on profit
before tax
US$’000
Effect on equity
US$’000
+95%
-95%
+28%
-28%
26,926
(26,926)
5,398
(5,398)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
On average, copper composes around 75% and 83% of the product cost in 2021 and 2020, respectively. The above sensitivity
analysis is based on the most significant fluctuation rate of the month in 2021 as compared to the same month in 2020 and the
most significant fluctuation rate of the month in 2020 as compared to the same month in 2019 and one month manufacturing
lead time to estimate its impact on profit before tax in 2021 and 2020, respectively.
27(b)
Credit risk
Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents, bank deposits, foreign currency forward contracts, trade receivables,
contract assets, other receivables excluding bank deposits, and amounts due from related parties. Our Company’s exposure to
credit risk arises from default of counterparty, with maximum exposure equal to the carrying amount of these financial
instruments.
(i)
Risk management
Our Company maintains cash and cash equivalents, as well as bank deposits with various financial institutions located in
Singapore, Thailand, Australia, Hong Kong and the People’s Republic of China. Our Company’s policy is designed to limit its
exposure to any one institution. Our Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of those financial
institutions that are considered in our Company’s investment strategy.
Foreign currency forward contracts are only used for economic hedging purposes and not as speculative investments. The
counterparties on these forward contracts are banks with international operations and good credit quality.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
27.
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES (continued)
27(b)
Credit risk (continued)
Concentrations of credit risk with respect to trade receivables and contract assets are limited due to the large number of
entities comprising our Company’s customer base. Our Company analysis the credit risk for each of the new clients before
credit limits are offered. Internal risk control assesses the credit quality of the customers, taking into account their financial
position, past experience and other factors. Our Company carefully assesses the financial strength of its customers and
generally does not require any collateral. Compliances with credit limits are monitored, and exceptions beyond a certain
threshold are discussed regularly. Customers’ credit terms are extend over time only when they establish good payment
patterns with our Company. Other receivables excluding bank deposits mainly contain doubtful receivables from customers.
Our Company obtained collateral in respect of those material receivables, and performed the valuation of the collateral.
Our Company enters into transactions with related parties in the ordinary course of its business. Refer to Note 24(c) for our
Company’s general credit risk management practices.
(ii)
Definition of default
Our Company considers the following as constituting an event of default for internal credit risk management purposes as
historical experience indicates that financial assets that meet either of the following criteria are generally not recoverable:
► when there is a breach of financial covenants by the debtor; or
► information developed internally or obtained from external sources indicates that the debtor is unlikely to pay its
creditors, including our Company, in full (without taking into account any collateral held by our Company).
(iii) Measurement and recognition of expected credit losses
Our Company recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses on trade receivables and contract assets by using a
provision matrix. Refer to Note 12(c) for the approach used to measure expected credit losses of trade receivables, Note 12(b)
for the loss allowance recognized, and Note 12(a) for changes in the loss allowance on trade receivables. While contract assets
are also subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9, the identified impairment loss was immaterial.
Our Company applies the general approach for all other financial assets that are subject to the expected credit loss model. The
expected credit losses of the respective financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 were
immaterial. While cash and cash equivalents are also subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9, the identified
impairment loss was also immaterial.
(iv) Write off policy
Financial instruments are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. Indicators that there is no reasonable
expectation of recovery include, amongst others, the failure of a debtor to engage in a repayment plan with our Company, and
a failure to make contractual payments for a period of greater than generally 90 days past due.
(v)
Concentrations of credit risk
As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, trade receivables from one customer represented 15.53% and 14.76% of total trade
receivables of our Company, respectively. The credit concentration risk of other trade receivables is insignificant.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
27.
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES (continued)
27(c)
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk arises from the financial liabilities of our Company and their subsequent ability to meet obligations to repay
their financial liabilities as and when they fall due. Management manages our Company’s liquidity risk by closely monitoring
cash flow from the operations. Our Company has about $45 million in cash and cash equivalents, $153 million in unutilized
amounts of bank loans, and the total financial liabilities is $126 million at the reporting date, which for financial assets and
liabilities results in a net asset position. Liquidity risk is considered not high as of December 31, 2021. Refer to Note 29 for
development subsequent to year end.
The table below summarizes the maturity profile of our Company’s financial liabilities based on contractual undiscounted
payment obligations.
As of December 31, 2021
Financial liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables
Due to related parties
Lease liability
As of December 31, 2020
Financial liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables
Due to related parties
Lease liability
< 1 year 2 to 3 years 4 to 5 years > 5 years Total
US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000 US$’000
62,295
44,784
11,865
637
119,581
428
—
—
925
1,353
428
—
—
412
840
3,626 66,777
— 44,784
— 11,865
2,738
764
4,390 126,164
10,279
27,370
10,620
613
48,882
462
—
—
584
1,046
463
—
—
431
894
4,224 15,428
— 27,370
— 10,620
2,621
993
5,217 56,039
27(d)
Capital management
The primary objectives of our Company’s capital management are to safeguard our Company’s ability to continue as a going
concern and maintain healthy capital ratios in order to support its business, maximize shareholders’ value and to maintain an
optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.
Our Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it, in light of changes in economic conditions and the
risks characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, our Company may adjust the dividend
payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or conduct stock repurchase programs. Our Company
is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes
for managing capital during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
27.
FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES (continued)
27(d)
Capital management (continued)
In line with industry practices, our Company monitors capital using a gearing ratio, which is net debt divided by total capital
plus net debt. Our Company includes within net debt, interest bearing loans and borrowings, trade and other payables, less
cash and cash equivalents.
Interest bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables
Less: cash and cash equivalents
Net debt
Total Equity
Capital and net debt
Gearing ratio
As of December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
65,387
44,784
(44,507)
65,664
209,317
274,981
13,781
27,370
(52,237)
(11,086)
234,875
223,789
23.9%
0.0%
Our Company has no direct business operations other than its ownership of the capital stock of its subsidiaries and equity
investees holdings. As a holding company, our Company’s ability to pay dividends, as well as to meet its other obligations,
depends upon the amount of distributions, if any, received from our Company’s operating subsidiaries and other holdings and
investments. Our Company’s operating subsidiaries and other holdings and investments, from time to time, may be subject to
restrictions on their ability to make distributions to our Company, including as a result of restrictive covenants contained in
loan agreements, restrictions on the conversion of local currency earnings into U.S. dollars or other hard currency and other
regulatory restrictions. For example, PRC legal restrictions permit payments of dividends by our business entities in PRC
only out of their retained earnings, if any, determined in accordance with relevant PRC accounting standards and
regulations. Under PRC law, such entities are also required to set aside a portion of their net income each year to fund certain
reserve funds. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. The foregoing restrictions may also affect our
Company’s ability to fund operations of one subsidiary with dividends and other payments received from another subsidiary.
27(e)
Collateral
The credit lines of our Company were collateralized by:
(i) Mortgage of our Company’s land, buildings, machinery and equipment, investment properties and land use rights with a
total carrying amount of $7,030 at December 31, 2021 (2020: $15,078);
(ii)
Pledge of other receivables of $1,109 at December 31, 2021 (2020: $1,363) ;
(iii) Corporate guarantee issued by APWC.
(iv) A trading facility was secured by all the assets with total carrying amount of $33,940 of a subsidiary as of December 31,
2021 (2020: $ 31,989).
(v) Our Company used Sigma Cable Company (Private) Limited’s (“Sigma Cable”) stocks as the collateral for the loan
from Pacific Electronic Wire and Cable Co., Ltd. (PEWC).
The weighted average interest rates on bank loans and overdrafts as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were 2.15% and 2.07%
per annum, respectively.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
27. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES (continued)
27(f) COVID-19
The global spread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), including more recently the highly transmissible Delta
and Omicron variants thereof, has been impacting worldwide economic activity and financial markets. We are facing
significant adverse effects related to the spread of COVID-19, and the recent developments surrounding the global pandemic
have had, and are expected to continue to have, significant adverse effects on our business, financial condition, results of
operations, and cash flows.
Our operation and production have been affected and disrupted by the outbreak of COVID-19. From April 7, 2020 to June 1,
2020, our Singapore operating units operated with reduced on site staff and approximately half of the employees worked from
home due to a partial lockdown implemented by Singapore government. In the first half of 2020, our China production
facilities had been operating below normal production levels due to the mandatory measures instituted in response to COVID-
19. Starting from the third quarter of 2020 we were able to resume manufacturing activities in China and Singapore. However,
our operating units were subject to temporary operation adjustments in 2020 and 2021 pursuant to local emergency
regulations, with an adverse impact on our results of operations. While the overall COVID-19 situation appears to have
improved in countries that have rolled out vaccination campaigns, our business and operating results may be negatively
impacted if the virus worsens or mutates, if vaccination efforts are unsuccessful, or if further restrictions are implemented to
contain the coronavirus.
COVID-19 has affected and disrupted our operations and the operations of our suppliers, customers, and other business
partners, including as a result of travel restrictions, business shutdowns, and other COVID-19 containment measures. A
slowdown in economic activity as a result of COVID-19 has also resulted in, and could continue to result in, a reduction in
demand for our products. In addition, COVID-19 has delayed the fulfillment of contracts with our customers, causing negative
impacts on our liquidity and ability to generate cash flows. If we are not able to expand or extend lines of credit from banks,
we may negotiate business terms with our suppliers to meet our liquidity needs.
In order to protect the employees from COVID-19, our Company has taken measures to protect its employees, including
temperature checks before entering the workplace, mandatory mask-wearing, social distancing, and work from home. We have
also implemented staggered work hours to lower the risk that our employees might get infected on public transportations if
they commute during peak hours. We are facing increased operational challenges as we take measures to support and protect
employee health and safety. In particular, our remote work arrangements, coupled with stay-at-home orders and quarantines,
pose challenges to our employees and our IT systems, and the extension of remote work arrangements could introduce
operational risk, including cyber security and IT systems management risks, and impair our ability to manage our business.
As COVID-19 may continue to adversely affect our business operations and financial results, we would also expect the
heightening of many of the other risks described in the risk factors in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended
December 31, 2021. Further, COVID-19 may also affect our operations and financial results in a manner that is not presently
known to us or we currently do not anticipate. The impact of COVID-19 is constantly changing. Although we are monitoring
the situation, the extent to which COVID-19 impacts our business will depend largely on future events outside of our control,
including ongoing developments in the pandemic, the success of containment measures, vaccination campaigns and other
actions taken by governments around the world, as well as the overall condition and outlook of the global economy.
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
28.
CASH FLOW INFORMATION
28(a) Investing activities with partial cash payments
(i)Purchase of PPE
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
Add: Payable for PPE or CIP - Opening
Less: Payable for PPE or CIP - Ending
Less: Prepayment for PPE & CIP - Opening
Add: Prepayment for PPE & CIP - Ending
Cash paid during the year
(ii)Purchase of investment properties
Acquisition of investment properties
Less: acquisition by assuming directly related liabilities
Less: noncash other operating income
Cash paid during the year
28(b) Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities
Balance at January 1, 2020
Changes in cash flows
Foreign exchange adjustments
Acquisition lease
Other changes
Balance at December 31, 2020
Changes in cash flows
Foreign exchange adjustments
Acquisition lease
Other changes
Remeasurement
Balance at December 31, 2021
F-93
For the year end December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$’000
8,657
196
(173)
(561)
428
8,547
16,696
355
(196)
(2,388)
70
14,537
For the year end December 31,
2021
US$’000
2020
US$'000
—
—
—
—
5,197
(3,375)
(60)
1,762
Interest -bearing
loans and
borrowings
US$’000
Lease liabilities
US$’000
Total
US$’000
11,356
1,869
556
—
—
13,781
54,161
(2,555)
—
—
—
65,387
2,828
(586)
48
38
6
2,334
(632)
(76)
906
2
(47)
2,487
14,184
1,283
604
38
6
16,115
53,529
(2,631)
906
2
(47)
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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
29.
SUBSEQUENT EVENT
29(a) Rights offering
On January 14, 2022, APWC distributed subscription rights without charges to its shareholder to purchase additional common
shares of APWC. On February 2, 2022, APWC announced the completion of this rights offering, which was oversubscribed.
In the rights offering, APWC issued and sold 6,796,558 common shares at $1.22 per share pursuant to the exercise of
subscription rights, raising gross proceeds of approximately $8.3 million before any expenses of the rights offering.
29(b) CTW dividend payments
On March 11, 2022, the Board of Directors of Charoong Thai declared a cash dividend distribution to its shareholders
amounted to $1.2 million (Baht 39.8 million, equivalent to Baht 0.10 per share), $ 0.6 million of which will be distributed to
non-controlling interest. The dividend will be paid on May 20, 2022. This dividend distribution plan requires the approval of
the 2022 Annual General Meeting of Shareholders of Charoong Thai.
29(c) Onerous contracts
The LME copper price rose from US$9,692 /ton on December 31, 2021 to US$10,337 /ton on March 31, 2022, additional
unrealized loss of US$0.8 million was recognized in the 2022 for our subsidiaries.
Other than the above events, our Company is not aware of any matter or circumstance that has significantly affected or may
significantly affect the operations of our Company, the results of those operations, or the state of affairs of our Company.
29(d) COVID-19
To control COVID-19 pandemics Shenzhen government in China announced a short term period of "Closed Management"
effective during March 14th to 18th 2022, which requiring those employees in Shenzhen who need to commute to work should
work from home. Most of the workers of our Shenzhen subsidiary, PEWSC, live in the dormitories within the factory site, so
do not need to commute and were able to continue to work in the factory in the said period. Although the productions and
operations of PEWSC were not significantly affected in the Closed Management period mentioned above, we are not sure
whether there will be any likely control measurement for COVID-19 pandemics announced in the future, which could
adversely impact to the operations of the factory with the extent that we cannot estimate at this moment.
30.
APPROVAL OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The financial statements were approved and authorized for issuance by the board of directors on April 29, 2022.
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